Pacilic Islands Monthly

News Magazine Of The South Pacific

OCTOBER, 1973

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OUR COVER In this striking shot of Sydney Harbour by PIM staffman Barry Badger, the Opera House, Sydney's pride and joy, floats along with green sails. But they're really white. It's a trick of the lighting. The lights in the sky are fireworks and there are illuminated ships because the picture was taken during the Captain Cook bicentenary celebrations. Three hundred Islanders will be performing in the Opera House in October as part of the grand celebrations of the opening by Queen Elizabeth. The scene should be the same.

Pacific Islands Monthly I 44. No. 10 October, 1973 In This Issue MERAL 1 Mil ith Pacific Conference 6 ►test yachtsman's story 11 w Capt Cook missed Vava'u 47 re freight rate increases 83 mders pay for ANZ revaluation 97

Lerican Samoa

vernor on trial 14 reased profits in Pago harbour .... 81 refinery likely 97

Ok Islands

►test yachtsman's story 11 p superseded by jet 79 rbour study 102 I friendly rugby 16 Inutrition on the increase 35 lighter converted to cruise ship 79 pping services stepped up 81 gar shortage 101 ilti-million land deal 101

Ench Polynesia

>test yachtsman's story 11

Lbert And Ellice Islands

m star (pic) 13 iit by Japanese trawlers 81 LURU na G sails 13 luru Centre construction delay 101

New Caledonia

Caledonian youth speaks out 9 Debate on tourism 9

New Hebrides

Tax haven discussed 13 Controlling land speculation 97

Papua New Guinea

Matthias Tollman's death 8 and 109 The budget 8 Somare answers Abaijah 11 Air Niugini 13 The budding tourist industry 21 Percy Chatterton's Footnotes 26 Trouble on the waterfront 77 Investment Corporation shares 98

Pitcairn Island

Keeping Pitcairn alive 14

Solomon Island

Honiara Bamboo Band (pic) 14 The value of traditional art 15 Story of Timothy George 49 New fish factory 99 TONGA Schoolgirl upsets MPs with speech 5 Tongans in the 'big smoke' 37 How Capt Cook missed Vava'u 47

United States Trust Territory

Talks held up H Salvaging war remains for profit 15

Western Samoa

Government criticised 31 Family planning 33 Seamen leave ship 81 PARTMENTS: Up front with the Editor, 3; Tropicalities, 14; Editor's mailbag, 37; agazine section, 47; Yesterday, 52; AAANA, 61; From the Islands Press, 69; Books, 71; cific shipping, 77; Cruising yachts, 85; Business and development, 97; Produce, 102; ipping and airways information, 103; Deaths of Islands people, 109; Advertisers index, 112.

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October, 1973 Vol. 44, No. 10 Up Front with the a guest Guest commentary by L. G. USHER , former editor and publisher of The Fiji Times.

TN a discussion with Stuart Inder about the progress of Papua New Guinea towards independence I said, “somebody ought to pass on to the constitution-makers there the advice the Prime Minister of Mauritius, Sir Seewoogasur Ramgoolam, gave when Fiji’s constitution was being discussed.

Stuart said, “All right. You pass it on, in PIM”.

I talked to Sir Seewoogasur in Mauritius, on the way to London in 1970 just before the Fiji Constitutional Conference. The gist of what he said was, “You should never let anybody rush you when you are making a constitution. Under pressure you can make mistakes which you don’t realise at the time. And don’t forget that once a constitution comes into force it is very difficult to alter it”.

Mauritius was unfortunate. Soon after independence, communal conflict brought rioting, with violence and death, and the new government had to ask Britain for the help of troops.

This move, and others needed to restore order, could be made only under a State of Emergency.

Under the constitution, the Governor-General was empowered to proclaim a State of Emergency, or it could come into being by vote of a majority of all the members of the Legislative Assembly. There was no time to call the assembly together, so on the advice of the Prime Minister the Governor-General proclaimed a State of Emergency and the call for help went to Britain.

But the constitution said that a State of Emergency proclaimed in this way must lapse unless it was endorsed within seven days if the assembly was already in session or was due to meet within seven days, or within 21 days if the assembly had to be called together specially.

The approval required the vote of a majority of all the members of the assembly— not just of those present and voting.

The assembly had to meet vote in the time set down. If it not do so, or if a majority of all members were not present or for reason or another did not vote for continuation of the State of Er gency, the proclamation would f lapsed and there was no constitutk way of restoring it. The rioting wc meanwhile have continued, pe< would have gone on being hurt property destroyed.

As things turned out, the requi approval was forthcoming before deadline but there were some anxi days meanwhile.

Suppose that, through illness accident, or perhaps injury or trs disruption caused by the rioting, through some members being abr and not being able to get back time, more than half the total num of members of the assembly had been present at the time and pi where the vote was taken, and time remained under the constituti for another vote.

There would then have been constitutional way of maintaining State of Emergency which essential if order was to be restore All new nations learn from experience of others, and the St of Emergency provision in Fi constitution is much more reali: and flexible than that of Mauril was. The period within which par mentary approval of a govern general’s proclamation is mandat* is, for instance, six months. 1 there are things in Fiji’s three-ye old constitution which, if it w being drawn up today, would aim certainly be changed.

One example is sufficient to ill trate the point.

The House of Representatives t year passed a vote of no confidei in the Speaker, and it can be saf assumed that at the time the major (in fact all the government membei would have preferred him to be placed. But they were powerless bring this about because, althou the government has a majority of 2

Pacific Islands Monthly —October, 1

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The Mauritius Prime Minister’s second point was a crucial one. A constitution, once adopted, cannot easily be changed. Indeed, an involved process, usually including delays, is usually written into the constitution to make change difficult.

There is good reason for this.

Chaos, or certainly instability and uncertainty, could soon be created if the rules by which a country is governed could be frequently or capriciously altered.

Papua New Guinea will become self-governing in December by virtue of an enactment by the Australian Parliament. The independence that will follow will come in the same way, but there will be an all-important difference between the results of the two documents.

The first sentence of the act making Fiji independent reads: “On and after . . the appointed day, Her Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom shall have no responsibility for the Government of Fiji”.

With the names changed, something of this sort will state the position of independent Papua New Guinea. The meaning clearly is, “You’re on your own, chum”.

The affairs of independent Papua New Guinea will have to be conducted wholly in terms of the constitution which comes into effect on the “appointed day” of independence.

If, before that day any mistakes or errors of judgment have crept into that constitution, or if there has been any failure to realise in advance the full and precise implications of every part of the document, the results could show up in future in, at best, embarrassment and at worst, serious difficulty for the government and people of the new nation.

I offer the opinion, from observation and experience, that thoroughness in preparation and the degree of thoroughness of consultation that makes sure that what is in the constitution is what the people of the country really want are more important than meeting some fixed date for producing the final document.

There is one thing, though. If pressures to fix a rigid but premature date for Papua New Guinea’s independence come strongly from Mr Whitlam’s government it should be possible to reply delicately, “Well, we’ve been hearing from Australia recently that changing a constitution once it has been adopted is not an easy thing. We would like absolutely sure of ours in advance”. 3 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

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Pacific Islands Monthly 15-YEAR-OLD SCHOOLGIRL SPEAKS,

And Shakes Some Tongan Nobles

Prom a Nukualofa correspondent ; winds of change, which blew ial governments out of the i Pacific Islands, didn’t even le dust in Tonga, but a Tongan Igirl has created a storm in the om with a speech on “Tonga d be more democratic”, e speech won the first prize for a High School sixth-former Lata li in a school English speaking st, upset some of the nobles nembers of parliament, who had ill-fledged debate on it, and rht the wrath of the MPs on the a Chronicle for printing the h. ta’s speech, judged the winner tie sole judge, Mr Futa Helu, ler and principal of the ’Atenisi emy, put into sharp focus the tdedness of a parliament in which nobility of 33 has seven relatives, the same number as est of the population of about 10. ta said “. . . The distribution of g power is surely prejudiced in ir of the nobles, unbalanced, r and simply undemocratic.” She i for a greater opportunity for r citizen to have a say in running :ountry. the past, she said, the educated le of Tonga were mainly from nobility. They had the responty of running the people, and the ucated mass accepted that. But y, the situation was changing more and more common people ming educated. ita referred to the downfall of ties in Russia in 1917 and China [949 when the people became rated with their overlords and undemocratic systems of governt. They rebelled and seized power themselves. She would not say i would be such an extreme ition in Tonga, but unless the :m of government was modified, intent, disillusionment and pereven rebellion on a smaller ; would happen. That rebellion d be a “brain drain” with :ated people leaving the country because of dissatisfaction with an undemocratic form of government.

At least one of the nobility was sufficiently upset to raise the matter in the Legislative Assembly. However, majority opinion seemed to be that it was only a speech contest and, anyway, the constitution of Tonga guaranteed free speech.

The Hon Vaha’i, representative of the Tongatapu nobles, said he was very concerned at the criticism, which implied the government was not democratic. But King Tupou I had given the people their emancipation.

Hon Vaha’i said the Legislative Assembly was a Christian assembly for a Christian government.

“I am saddened by this recent manifestation of criticism of His Majesty and the government, and what, may I ask, is undemocratic in His Majesty’s government,” he said.

He said the Minister of Police should assign investigators “to investigate this foreign element that is in to induce these criticisms”.

The Speaker, Hon Ma’afu, said the incident was only a speech contest, and teachers encouraged people to take part. The Acting Prime Minister, Hon Tuita, reminded the assembly there was a clause in the constitution which provided for freedom of expression, and there was no way of forbidding it.

Mr Tu’ilatai Mataele, Tongatapu No 1 People’s Representative, took the newspaper to task. He felt it should consider carefully what it published.

“There was a lot of controversy when the paper was established and a lot of people advocated that the paper should be both for government and the people,” he said. “Anyway, the paper got off to a good start, but just lately has deteriorated. 1 have also noticed that when the palagi (European) editor was here, nothing of this nature happened, but this time with the present editor, this incident has cropped up”.

However, he agreed with the Speaker, that it was only an exercise, and he could assure his many kava party companions that Tonga was still democratic.

The Minister of Health, the Hon Tapa, said it was important to openly express one’s opinions rather than suppress them, and have them emerge later, which would be more dangerous. .

The Hon Malupo said the article was well within the constitution, and no matter how much discontent there was in the kingdom, the people were still patriotic. Some good might come out of the issue.

The Speaker, summing up, concluded: “Whatever is the will of God, that is what will take place. We are still human and it is also possible that the nobles’ estates are too big and should be re-divided, and I ask you not to be too concerned, as the issue might be bigger than we realise”.

"Tonga should be more democratic," said Lata Soakai, aged 15 and almost ready for university. If her plans to study law or economics mature, she'll be one of the youngest students to leave Tonga for university. 5 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

All—except France—agog for change in South Pacific Commission From DICK WILLIAMS, of UPI, and PIM special correspondents in Guam Isolated and without a friend in the room, France, in the person of her senior commissioner Mr Henri Nettre, walked out of the 13th South Pacific Conference at Guam on the fifth day when France was arraigned by resolution for her nuclear tests.

French Polynesian delegate Alfred Grand and the French-speaking New Hebrides delegate walked out with him. This was even before the resolution, tabled by the Cook Islands Dr Joseph Williams, was put to the vote.

When the conference did vote on it, on the sixth day, and named France as the offender, Guy Champmoreau of New Caledonia, who had stayed as France’s only champion, joined his compatriots on the outside.

The walkout was inevitable. All had been sweet reason for the first couple of days but the Islanders in particular had been spoiling for a fight with France over the tests.

The Cook Islands resolution condemned France by name and this was something New Caledonian Champmoreau tried to fight. He did not object to the resolution that would condemn the nuclear testing.

He objected to naming France.

The Cook Islands was just as adamant in its insistence that France be named since that country was the only Power that has been testing in the Pacific of late. Dr Williams even suggested that the conference would be composed of hypocrites if the resolution was to be adopted eliminating France’s name.

Cooks Premier Albert Henry, who was absent, was even more forthright in a message he sent to the conference. “If France walks out of the conference,” he wrote, “it is our duty to help France walk out, not only of the conference, but also of the Pacific.”

When the conference adopted the resolution, Champmoreau announced, “I can no longer take part in discussions by this body which has just condemned one of its members. I was born in what was known as the French Union, and I shall never turn against France.

“I bid you farewell and I hope you don’t have nightmares about what you have done,” the Frenchman concluded, and with that he walked out of the conference room. This left the conference with no French representation with three more days of business to conduct, including the allimportant report of the future status committee appointed to study methods for implementing Australian suggestions for changing the SPC setup, and proposals from Guam.

Mr Champmoreau returned the following day, however, saying that he was deeply touched by the delegates’ pleas for him to return. The New Caledonian glossed the whole thing over by adding that, had he not come back, there would be no French delegate so that the interpreters would be out of a job. But, he was alone.

Mr Nettre and his companions did not return.

Australia had earlier circularised her suggestion for sweeping changes in the commission and conference and, surprisingly, because Australia had anticipated some opposition, everybody, with some reluctance from France over some matters, was all for the proposals.

Australia proposed that the SPC be financed on a part-voluntary basis and that there be a de facto merger of the commission and conference sessions.

Australia believed that a substantial extension of voluntary financing could lead to a significant increase in the commission’s income. What was I visaged was that administrative s vices be financed on the present hi of fixed percentage shares amd commission governments, but that] part covering the work progranJ should be financed on a volj tary basis. It would be entirely! to the governments concerned asl how much they would want to pi vide for the programme.

Australia also argued that such merger could result in saving in] unduly long time now given to session and the conference sitt separately.

Australian delegation leal Senator Don Willesee, Sped Minister of State, told the confereij a merger would also more fully] volve all conference members in i whole operations of the SPC a conference and would increase thj interest and feeling of participation.

The Australian senator’s spel was delivered in a mild, low-key a conciliatory manner. There was] evidence that Australia was issuj an ultimatum to the SPC or seek! a fight with France, which has seem less enthusiastic about reforming t SPC than some others.

Friday, September 14, w scheduled for discussion of the Ai tralian proposal and for other ii provements to the SPC suggested] Guam.

The discussion began positive; Already a strong spirit of co-operati was developing among delegates, ai the previous two days had seen qui a bit of give and take on all sides.

Australia’s senior commission* Mr C. E. Reseigh, taking over tl detailed work from the senator, e plained at length the advantages th Australia saw in bringing the coi mission and conference togethe stressing that the rationalisath would permit better control of a ministrators and allow governmer to become more committed to tl organisation.

Mr Reseigh had hardly finish* when Mr Nettre wanted to spea and it appeared battle was about i begin. But there was no showdow France’s critique was cautious ar considerate.

France, as the conference ha already learned, agreed with Au tralia’s suggestion for part-voluntai financing, and herself produced j Mr Henri Nettre, France's commissioner at the SPC, veteran of three walk-outs— at the Suva conference in 1970, at Noumea in 1971 and the other week at Guam. 6

Pacific Islands Monthly—October, 19

lintary contribution of 5A50,000. nough not large in comparison to half million dollar contribution in Australia and New Zealand übined, France’s showing was er than Britain’s and America’s, > produced nothing. ;ut France was less certain about idea of merging. Mr Nettre thought light inhibit the freedom of the 1s- Jers with the work programme if metropolitan governments had the 3 at the annual conferences. He > implied that the conference uld not involve itself in commisi “housekeeping”; as donor governits should control input and the nders the output. tot all of Mr Nettre’s old fire was He made the most of three asions to remind delegates that, ler the present arrangement, the iference could not decide. Only commission session could. All conference could do, Mr Nettre sssed, was “to express a wish”, lis comments provided some deless with the chance to attack the inch position. Mr Albert Maori :i of Papua New Guinea told the ference that it was time for the ;gates from colonial governments “shut up” and let the Pacific aiders get on with their job. fhe delegate from the Gilbert and ice Islands, Isakala Paeniu, obed to France reminding the con- ;nce that after all it was the com- >sion session which must decide, j SPC must come under the con- . of the Islands’ governments, he 1.

Dr Gideon Zoleveke of the Scions suggested it was time the conduce considered moving SPC headirters from Noumea, which he nd quite unsuitable. And Dr eph Williams told Mr Nettre that comments about the limited vers of the conference were reason ►ugh to alter the Canberra Agreent itself. Dr Williams added that France continued to object U> the arms then the Cook Islands would ipose that the commission session abolished altogether and the conence put officially in full charge of SPC. rleady stuff! But the rough vibra- [is between some Pacific Islands’ egates and the French, and a lor disagreement between the mch and New Zealand commisners, were the nearest that the late on the reform proposals came conflict. Australia’s careful preration and considerate presentan of its ideas, France’s moderate ticisms, and \ hat turned out to overwhelming support from the iference delegates, ensured a relasly safe and pleasant passage for : ship of reform.

One by one the Pacific Island’s delegates indicated their support for Australia’s proposals. Western Samoan Commissioner Mr Tulai Toma argued that if the SPC was to survive both the programme and the organisation would have to change. Unless the conference’s view was paramount the progress of the last few years had been a sham. When Mr Grand, of French Polynesia spoke firmly in favour of Australia’s proposal, the die was well and truly cast.

Apart from those of Mr Nettre, there were no serious objections to the Australian proposal. Only the delegates from the remaining French colonies varied a little from the run of play. The Wallis and Futuna delegate, Mr M. Muliloto, noted that majority approval was a fait accompli and gave full support to the proposal.

In a rather disgruntled manner Mr Champmoreau asked the conference “When everybody else supports the proposal, how can I oppose it?”

However, he raised a laugh when he suggested that he would be “quite a popular boy with some people around here if I opposed what France has said!”

But that wasn’t the end. The “status committee” had yet to decide on how to implement the principles and also discuss more radical reforms proposed by the Guam delegation.

This envisaged a new body, the South Pacific Development Agency, to handle funding of all aid projects for South Pacific countries; the South Pacific Conference to direct the allocation of funds as well as activities of the existing South Pacific Bureau of Economic Co-operation; and finally the South Pacific Forum, which would provide the political arm of the total operation.

When the Future Status Committee tabled its resolution, which favoured all Australia’s suggestions, no mention was made of Guam’s proposal.

Committee members, it is believed, thought Guam’s suggestion for a development agency was looking too far ahead.

The resolution recognised the “Canberra Agreement is now out of date.

It recommends, therefore, that the Australian Government initiate discussion immediately with all participating governments at the highest appropriate level to revise the Canberra Agreement in such a way that it will reflect the needs and aspirations of the Pacific people.”

Meantime, modification of the SPC and conference should be by agreement. The resolution set down the procedures to be followed on preparing and presenting the budget and works programme. Member governments would try to indicate by each January how much their contribution would be, and governments would meet informally immediately before the conference. Conference and session would be merged and in the conference, lasting five days, all would have ane vote.

Pending revision of the Canberra Agreement, governments would have the right to withdraw from the conference on any matter of vital interest to any one of them, but the committee hoped that device would not be invoked.

The resolution, along with all other conference decisions, went to the commissioners’ session which opened on September 21. It was attended by Mr Nettre, who, in true Gallic fashion, saved face on the nuclear tests resolution. This has gone to the United Nations in the name of the conference and not the commission.

Mr Nettre managed to get on the record his point of order that neither the conference nor the commission was competent to consider and pass such a resolution. With that he was satisfied and played a full part in the proceedings.

There was no opposition to the Status Committee’s resolution from Mr Nettre or anyone else but it’s believed that any opposition which France intends to mount against changing the Canberra Agreement will be declared at the conference of the eight member governments, expected to be in Wellington in February. It could, however, be in London or Paris.

Wherever it is, the South Pacific Commission will never be the same after it.

BSIP's Govco chairman of Communications and Works, who was the Solomons delegate to the conference. He suggested moving SPC headquarters from Noumea. 7 HFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

PNG's tax hangover for soft drinkers From PERCY CHATTERTON in Port Moresby Again, as in 1972, PNG’s House of Assembly’s Budget meeting has straddled the celebration of National Day on September 15. Consequently, after a two-week run of sittings which began on August 27, members dispersed for a week’s break in their electorates, to return for a further stint of legislative activity on September 17.

One of the “firsts” scored at this meeting has been the broadcast by the Australian Broadcasting Commission of Finance Minister Julius Chan’s Budget speech on the evening of August 28, and of the opening Opposition speech in reply to it, delivered by the United Party’s shadow Finance Minister, John Middleton.

The delivery of both these speeches was of a calibre which could hold its own with that of similar performances in most sophisticated legislatures.

The 1973 PNG Budget may take its place in history as the “Lolly Water Budget”. Taxes on alcoholic beverages are a commonplace of budgetry, but a tax on soft drinks is something of a novelty, and might indeed be a “first” worthy of a place in the Guiness Book of Records.

In addition to an increase in import duty on soft drinks from 50 cents to 75 cents a gallon, an excise duty of 10 cents a gallon is to be levied on the locally-manufactured product.

And this was about the only surprise the Budget did spring.

In the field of income tax, people earning $5,000 a year or more will pay 4i per cent more in tax. This increase will mainly hit expatriate taxpayers, since less than 1 per cent of tax-paying Paguineans are in this income bracket. Some concessional deductions are also being abolished or reduced; this again will affect mainly expatriate taxpayers. On the other hand, company tax will not be increased.

Other imposts are a S 2 tax on outgoing international air passengers, including those going to Australia, and an increased fee (from $2 to $5) for drivers’ licences.

On one issue Mr Chan had to admit himself stymied. It is fairly easy to make sure that wage and salary earners pay their income tax, but in this country it is very difficult to ensure that indigenous producers of cash crops such as coffee, cocoa and copra, and villagers who sell their produce in local markets, do so. Some of these people earn very substantial incomes, but few are sufficiently literate to keep records of their transactions, and the Finance Minister has reluctantly decided that, while it would be possible to plug this loophole, it would be too costly an operation to justify itself.

On the same day on which the Budget was brought down, the government tabled an eight-point “Improvement Plan” for 1973-74, which it described as its “first step towards building the kind of society that meets the needs of our people”. The plan focuses on a greater share in the economy by local people, and more equal development of the resources of areas and regions.

Altogether, it was a low-key budget, and the Opposition’s attack on it was also low-keyed.

Mr Middleton understandably criticised the government’s continuing failure to simplify the tax structure on the lines proposed in a White Paper tabled in the last House but never implemented, and pointed out that the complexity of the present system was holding up localisation, that is, the replacement of expatriates by indigenous officers, in the taxation division of Mr Chan’s department.

The shadow minister drew attention to the danger of relying too heavily for revenue raising on the dwindli expatriate sector, and urged less e phasis on increased taxation and me on increasing the gross national pi duct.

Finally, he pointed out that mii of the proposed expenditure was] be on power transferals needed 1 independence but not necessarily j self-government, a fact which led party to suspect that the governmi was, like Mr Whitlam, trying hustle the country into an early iru pendence which the majority of t people did not want.

Mr Tollman's death As the two weeks of sittings dn to a close, tragedy struck. Opposite leader Matthias Toliman was tak ill in the precincts of the House a: was rushed to hospital, but si cumbed to a heart attack shortly afl admission. The Speaker annound his death to a stunned House, ai the sittings came to an abrupt ei 24 hours earlier than had been e pected.

Matthias Toliman was a man great sincerity and integrity, with genius for friendship. The respon bilities of leadership, shouldered conscientiously, took a heavy to and, by temperament a man of pea( the bitter dissensions which hi divided his Tolai people in rece years must have weighed heavily I his spirit. His passing represents J incalculable loss to Papua Ne Guinea at a moment when tl qualities he displayed are so mui needed.

Three new Coalition Government minist with Administrator Mr L. W. Johnsi They are (left to right) the Minister I Justice, Mr John Kaputin, Mr Johnsi the Minister for Works, Mr Yano Belo a the Minister for State assisting the Ch Minister on Police, Culture and Recreatii Mr Pita Lus. 8

Pacific Islands Monthly—October, Ll

Their Caledonia!

ES of “Vive la nation caledonienne” and “Long live OUR Caledonia” marked a senes of nent speeches in July when the in of Caledonian Youth (UJC) its second public meeting m nea. They have since organised try meetings. lis new youth movement, formed lay, is led by local autonomist ps such as the Union Caledoie the largely-Melanesian Union iraciale and the Mouvement ilaire Caledonien.

Jdressing more than 400 young le, about 20 speakers condemned present French Administration s nialist policy with economic exation of the locals to the adage of Paris. Speakers also ►unced the elimination of Caleans from responsible positions the suppression of local aspiraj particularly through the display rmed force. embers also traced the support ;h the Caledonian Youth Union given to recent protest movements Caledonian farmers and mine kers, complaining of the poor nent made to the farmer and the of work by the latter, jeakers included a local company ager, Melanesian Nidoishe Naisie and Maurice Lenormand. ident of the UJC is Max Chivot, aledonian graduate in economics political science, who lost his in the local public service last ■ after showing interest in the •t proceedings against Naisseline. he youth meeting called for the tiding of the Caledonian nation, ;h means a free and independent v Caledonia”. Bernard Deschamps the meeting that all possibilities development were blocked for on political, economic anc j soc i a f plane This young civil servant said the present “retrograde” , “must give way, t (fan aut£ voluntarily or oy » “ eed of an oiUside He thre ’ atenec i t h a t the present administrators “reactionaries coloniaforeigners will be kicked out lists for - g , tb do not allow “ “e terr tor Y iney ' field , he continued, £ demenTs are exploiting the territory for the benefit of big comdirected from Paris. Their P' . b in suppo rt from local i pp bHc lending P As far as social security is con- •££ unbearable situation imposed from . b the co i on ial presence”. outs y Caledonian people tQ H ™ d con- : n order to develop a mjd Caledon d M ty lanesian orator One young l asked, hy * nd the colonialist land fro admin i st ration which and dictator coni .in i es th^ ff 2 Q tb cen tury .. . of pi inferiority complex wh\ch our in us in order to explo.t us .

From a Noumea correspondent Another Melanesian spoke of the growing “anti-zozo feeling (against metropolitan French) which signals the awakening of a Caledonian national awareness According to another, young people were questioning the future of “our country, ruled in such disastrous fashion and exposed to the dictatorial whims of a misguided administration”. Replying to popular charges of being anti-French, the Caledonian said he saw no good for the territory in those people, French or not, who flew to the island only to draw out a quick profit.

Denouncing the local use of fear by force , he said “This is France and France is the army, prestigious and efficient, especially in the repression “we*wiU*never' iS, T*his speaker was concerned at the Z’lssfsrss s. srsa blamed this upon the poor state of information locally and the fact that the locals “had always been carefully kept apart from any control of the affairs of their country . 0f course . the whole weakness in this new grouping of autonomist interests lies in the build-up of a class struggle: this added conflict, with its attack upon the more affluent sector of Caledonian society, plays straight into the hands of the French Administration, to keep the “ans divided in fearfu. confusion.

Fall-Out Ox Tourism

From a Noumea correspondent he stress of the Pacific boycott imposed on UTA ich Airlines has contributed to a vehement debate the value of tourism in New Caledonia, i lengthy exchange of open letters in the Noumea y press began when the Territorial Assembly was eked for giving insufficient support to the tourist istry. The charge came from Ascadeto, a local •ist development association of airline and hotel rators etc, which includes a representative of the nch airline.

'our months of boycott brought a substantial loss Pacific trade for UTA, besides hitting the Chateau ,al hotel to which it traditionally directs its Noumea tors.

Metropolitan French tourist interests have continually bied for the territory to spend more freely to attract rists to Noumea and have particularly criticised the budget of the Caledonian Tourist Office, which is ;ricted to around 5A150,000 a year, n the present attack, Caledonian members of the Territorial Assembly have retaliated by condemning what they claim to be monopolist activities of the French airline. They have also condemned the French Administration for allegedly preventing a non-French airline, Pan-Am, from building a hotel m Noumea.

At the same time, members of the assembly autonomist party Union Caledonienne have protested at the bad overseas image created for the territory by local hoteliers who have charged exorbitant prices and refused accommodation to bona fide tourists during the island’s economic boom around 1970, when rooms were occupied on a monthly basis by the insurge of mainly French businessmen.

The autonomists also underlined the responsibility of Paris with its nuclear programme in the Pacific prompting the current difficulties in the Caledonian tourist industry.

Finally, instead of advocating further subsidies and costly publicity, the Caledonian politicians urged tourist promoters to make greater use of welcoming smiles and courtesy, characteristics for which some tourist representatives have not been particularly famous. 9 :iFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Harmless to spray freely anywhere As a powerful space spray, Pea-Beu effectively rids any room of dangerous cockroaches, mosquitoes and other biting insects and plays a major role in family health-protection. In addition it is perfectly safe to spray in kitchen cupboards or on pantry shelves, with no risk of food contamination. The unique strength of the Pea-Beu formula kills the toughest cockroach and colonies of ants rapidly too, yet cannot affect humans or pets in any way.

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Pea-Beu the safe, powerful insecticide 10 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Yachtsman 'scratches' France's conscience PEELED by the French from French Polynesian waters, singleier protest yachtsman Michael :iall berthed his 30 ft sloop nen at Rarotonga in mid-August declared that “the French nuclear ig is surely the ultimate act of nialism”. r Wignall, ex-Senior Crown Protor in Papua New Guinea, where ✓orked from 1966 to 1970, sailed yacht into the test area after tellthe French in a letter, “If my >n causes some impediment to • government’s will and scratches consciousness of a few more an beings, then this short voyage have achieved much.” e was almost 100 miles away from uroa when the first bomb was exed. He sailed Carmen into French mal waters at Tureia on July ind reached Mururoa the followday after being buzzed by French tary aircraft. ar three days he remained with- 'rench territorial waters at Muruand once sailed close enough to that the atoll rose only a few above sea level, that it had no »nut palms and that several build- , three and four storeys high, had t built there. He sailed almost up the island because he was not equipped to transmit radio messages and he wanted the French to find him.

They did. A French naval vessel, Orage, circled him all one morning, then he was boarded by a party of three naval officers and two gendarmes. He was handed a notice, written in French and English, telling him that he had entered French territorial waters on two occasions— at Tureia on July 28 and Mururoa on July 29, and that if he did so again his yacht would be seized.

Michael Wignall noticed that the young, English-speaking officers looked embarrassed. The Carmen was then towed beyond the 12-mile limit.

He was between 40 and 50 miles from Mururoa and bound for Rarotonga when the second bomb was exploded. He saw nothing of the explosion as the sky was overcast and cloudy. The absence of land birds around the atoll made him wonder if the tests had anything to do with From W. H. PERCIVAL in Rarotonga it. Normally, he said, one saw noddies and white terns up to a 20-mile radius from an island and frigate birds up to 70 miles from land. It seemed that nobody had yet made a study of the effect of nuclear blasts on bird life.

Mr Wignall, who also told the French that their tests were “an offence against all Pacific peoples and a crime against the Earth itself,” said, on arrival at Rarotonga, “The Polynesians of the Eastern Pacific have already suffered greatly at the hands of Europeans. What is left is to be risked again, if not at Mururoa, then at Eiao where underground testing is contemplated in the future.

“Few people in the world have less real voice than the people of French Polynesia. It is inconceivable to me that the United Nations have not already, under the General Assembly’s Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial countries and Peoples, directed their attention to French Polynesia. The French position is in essence no different to the Portugese position in Africa. The French nuclear testing is surely the ultimate act of colonialism.”

Fiji’s Prime Minister, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, agrees. He told Fiji Parliament in September that the most effective action Fiji could take against French nuclear explosions was “to persuade the Committee of 24 on Colonialism to hasten the liberation of the islands which are at present regarded as French territory”.

Micronesian Talks Held Up

fith several stiff hurdles to clear ire both sides can agree on an ida, the opening date and the ic for the seventh round of talks yeen the United States and the gress of Micronesia’s Joint Comee on Future Status are still unded. But, after talks early in ;ember in Guam between Ambas- >r Franklyn H. Williams, Presit Nixon’s personal representative Jing the United States team, and ator Lazarus Salii, chairman of status committee, it looked as if talks might get under way late in aber or early November, he biggest hurdles are the land stion —who owns what and where, what control the United States tary should be allowed to exerover the bases it occupies—and subject of the separate talks be- ;n the US and the Marianas to ch the Micronesian Congress has jcted. Tinian in the Marianas will i figure largely because the United es, which has announced that it its a large chunk of the island for ase, has declared a moratorium on economic development there. Anit row to be cleared up is that sed by Washington’s refusal to ree certain land records which the :ronesians say they must see before they can discuss the land question.

The separate talks between the US and the Marianas are expected to open in mid-November, but whatever agreement over future status is made, it will be subject to a plebiscite among the Marianas people. The rest of Micronesia may also want a say in that decision.

Abaijah'S 'Impossible Dream'

PNG’s Chief Minister Mr Michael Somare in September put paid to Josephine Abaijah’s Papuan independence aspirations (PIM, Sept, p 4). In Canberra, Mr Somare, describing Papua as a “colonial invention”, said Miss Abaijah promised violence and bloodshed if she did not get her way, but his government was determined that Papua would remain part of a unified country.

The Australian Government was determined that PNG would reach selfgovernment as a single nation.

“Miss Abaijah’s concept of a separate Papua is, therefore, an impossible dream,” he said.

Australian Minister for External Territories Mr Morrison used the same theme when he described how he had finally met up with Miss Abaijah, in Canberra. He said he pointed out to her that a unified Papua New Guinea was not merely the Labor Government’s policy but that of the previous government. PNG unity was not to be inhibited by inherited artificial colonial boundaries.

Miss Abaijah’s reaction in Port Moresby, was, “Mr Somare has forgotten that we are such stuff as dreams are made on . . . It is better to live with an impossible dream than to live with an impossible nightmare”.

Nevertheless, Mr Somare’s blunt assault on Miss Abaijah’s ambitions has taken the heat out of the free-Papua movement. 11 IIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Pacific Islands Monthly—October, 1

Air Niugini Gets Off

The Ground Fast

Papua New Guinea’s airline, Air iueini will fly into Brisbane from yrt B Moresby from November 1, a onth ahead of the target date of ecember 1 to get it “off the ound”. The date was changed to ve the fledgling airline time to ittle down before the heavy Christoc trcfFir ias iranic.

Air Niugmi will charter a rcraft th f. pr t?? nt - c - arn -n rs l,^" S '% ner AA. Air Niugmi will have 50 per mt of the traffic and TAA and •nsett 25 per cent each on the Port loresby - Brisbane service. A liugini’s share of the traffic from Australian airports to Port Moresby r iH be 1 685 than 50 per cent.

On November 1, Air Niugini will ike over all internal services from msett and TAA, either buying airraft from those airlines, or charterig them. It is expected Air Niugini dll also take over the overseas serices operated by TAA to Honiara nd West Irian, and operate them mder a charter arrangement with Qantas.

When Papua New Guinea becomes ndependent, its government and he Australian Government will negotiate l bilateral agreement for air services ictween the two countries. No Ausrahan domestic operator will then be illowed to operate an international -vice out of Papua New Guinea itaff US for ,S 'tJTZtTs in organisation acting on behalf of he PNG Government.

The Director of Civil Aviation has not yet been named, but it is presumed it will be Dr K. N. E. Bradfield, at present civil aviation adviser to the PNG Government.

One of the last obstacles to launching the airline was removed at a conference in Brisbane on September 18-19, attended by the general manager of Air Niugini, Mr Ralph Conley, representatives of Qantas, TAA and Ansett and Mr D. G. Coleman, federal secretary of the Australian Licensed Aircraft Engineers’

Association. Mr Coleman said after the conference Air Niugini was now “a goer” from the point of view of his association.

It had placed the embryo airline under a black ban unless a number of demands about expatriate staff were met.

Crack Down On New Hebrides

Australians who use the New Hebrides and other places as tax havens to avoid paying tax in Australia will have to think up new methods to dodge the collector if Australian Treasurer Mr Frank Crean makes good a boast he voiced in the Federal Parliament on September 2b.

To a questioner, who asked what action the government was contemplating to stop that type of tax evasion, Mr Crean said there was legislation before the House to deal with tax havens in Norfolk Island and other Australian territories but, “we have to use other measures as far as areas outside our territorial jurisdiction are concerned.

“But, we are well aware of the attempts being made and we will more than match the skill and ingenuity of those who are trying to evade tGX ' The new bill will make the income tax law apply as if Norfolk Island is part of Australia but will exempt from tax the island and other ex-Australian income of people living on Norfolk and that of companies wholly owned and controlled on the island.

The Enna G sails again Enna Q has nQt been left to Jn Wellington Harbour after all. c ap t a in Jim Brunton in command sh £ saded f rom Wellington to Melbourne G n September 12, to ease ivieioournc uu p tonnaee in the * com % B j£° rt T a fn P RoL D is in Ja^an Melbourne to dry doc£ loading at Nauru.she willthen resume her old run, cruising from Sydney to the Pacific Islands. She will probably make two of these cruises before taking Nauru schoolchildren in Australia home for the Christmas-New Year holidays.

The Enna G has been tied up in Wellington since May because of a black ban by the NZ Seamen’s Union and other maritime unions. The Seamen’s Union allowed the Enna G to leave Wellington, provided she does not go back to New Zealand.

The Nauru Pacific Line earlier this year planned to put the Enna G on the Auckland-Pacific Islands service, replacing the Tofua, which was withdrawn in May. She went into dry dock in Wellington and while there the NZ seamen put the ban on her.

Since May, Fiji, Samoa and Tonga have been without a regular passenger service from NZ.

The NZ unions claimed they were trying to help Fijian seamen in the Enna G to get better wages and conditions but the matter went deeper than that —the union wanted to preserve that area for NZ seamen who had become redundant when the Tofua was withdrawn.

It has been reported that Nauru intends to take legal action against the NZ Seamen’s Union.

But next moves may come at the NZ-inspired regional shipping conference in Waitangi, NZ, on October 25-27. The NZ Deputy Prime Minister, Mr Watt, one of the chief advocates of the conference said recently that 80 per cent of the nations and territories in the South Pacific would be represented.

Twenty-one-years old Aborina Tenanorake, from North Tarawa, is starring in the first professionally-produced motion picture in the GEIC, the full-length, Sailing in the Trade Winds. Later this year she will fly to West Germany, where the final interior shooting for the film will be completed in the studios in Munich. 13 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Tropicalities TOUGH FOR BIG FISH Big fish in little American pools don’t have the constitutional defences that US President Richard Nixon has been able to resort to in his fight to convince people that he’s not the rogue some would make him out to be over the Watergate kerfuffle.

Two US colonial executives, High Commissioner Edward E. Johnston of the US Trust Territories, and Governor John Haydon Jr of American Samoa, have found themselves, directly or indirectly, in the firing line of the people they are looking after.

Hicom Johnston, as Trust Territorians know him, is reported to have had a “class action suit” filed against him by four residents of Saipan. The plaintiffs were demanding that Johnston issue deeds of conveyance for their homestead land.

One plaintiff, according to the Pacific Daily News, said she had waited for nine years for a deed to her homestead site even though she had fully complied with TT homestead laws.

In American Samoa things looked grimmer for Governor Haydon. He was charged by the Civil Service Commission, allegedly as a result of complaints by Samoans including members of the legislature, of having used his position to influence the territorial election in 1972.

It is alleged that Governor Haydon had used the government radio and television on election day and the day before to “propagandise against a ballot proposition that Samoans elect their own governor”.

Another charge was that Haydon had urged Samoans not to vote for a white businessman arguing that palangi —white foreigners—should not be in the Fono (legislature).

Haydon was charged under the Hatch Act which forbids Federal employees and territorial governors from involving themselves in elections. The trial opened in Pago Pago on September 11 but was adjourned when the trial judge. Judge John J.

McCarthy, was taken ill.

Saving Pitcairn from the drain Two Royal Engineers and Britain’s sense of “romance” and “history” could mean revival rather than evacuation for the people of Pitcairn Island.

Before British High Commissioner in NZ D. A. Scott, who doubles as Governor of Pitcairn, visited the island recently, Tom Christian was sounding glum on his weekly hook-up with the Seventh-day Adventists’ radio station, the Voice of Prophecy, in California.

Tom said: “There has been some talk about either taking the people from Pitcairn or opening the island up to outsiders. We don’t know that our Governor is going to talk to us about these questions but it is reason able to think that he might. What th« response of the people here will b( of moving from Pitcairn or bringinj outsiders to the island, as suggested I don’t know.”

What he was talking about was thi dwindling Pitcairn population—dowi to 73 plus nine “foreigners”—whid is making it difficult to find enougt manpower to keep the island’s serf vices running, particularly the long boat service to passing vessels.

When Governor Scott returned from his four-day visit his tone was upbeat: two Sappers (engineers) had come up with ideas for improving Pitcairn Harbour facilities and he was very keen to see the Pitcairn population built up again to around 150.

Agreeing that Britain’s determination to maintain the island was due mainly to its romantic and historical associations, Governor Scott said] “Pitcairn is a small, independentlyminded community we don’t want to see go down the drain.”

This is the Honiara Bamboo Band, certain to be a popular novelty in Sydney when it performs during the opening celebrations of the Sydney Opera House at two concerts on October 23 which will feature 300 Pacific Islanders. The Islanders, whose programme will be directed by Victor Carell, director of the Arts Festival at Suva, will also perform at various centres in Sydney and the suburbs. The Islanders will come from Fiji, Tonga, Western Samoa, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand, the Banabans of Rabi, BSIP and the Cooks.

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412 MT. EDEN ROAD, AUCKLAND. PHONE 600-288 i> art bargains i the Islands : you want to buy the Solomon nds’ carving (pictured) it’ll cost more than SI,OOO and you won’t e been done. Which shows the d sense of Island leaders like G’s Chief Minister Mr Michael lare in legislating to keep their treasures inside the country, iut Islanders are waking up to fact that their old custom carvceremonial masks and all the lent furbelows are worth much 'e than they ever dreamed. Time , when ceremonial pieces were disled and sometimes destroyed when newness had worn off so that lers were able to buy them for a g. But those days are fast disearing with the advent of the rist who’ll pay good money for a ap, mass-produced article which can display at home as proof that ► really travelled. fhe Solomon Islands bust of a man with mother-of-pearl inlay wing traditional tattooing is of ad which has been blackened with nixture of oil and charcoal. The r, vestiges of which still remain, 5 made of fibre. It is in the Tapa lleries in Sydney’s Paddington and probably around 100 years old. owner, Mr Laurie Marshall, of pa Galleries, acquired it in Sydney ere it had been in the possession one owner for more than 40 years.

Vlr Marshall believes that, had it : been acquired by some trader or veller many years ago, it would /e been destroyed a long time ago. e same goes for thousands of :ient Island artefacts which have ;n preserved because they were acquired for a song and brought to places like Sydney. fluence, the Islander is losing his zest for custom and losing his ancient skills. The ancient ceremonies have lost their meaning so that if masks and other paraphernalia are still made, much of it is of poor workmanship and made, not for some sacred purpose, but with the tourist in mind.

Places like Sydney are now the best sources for the genuine artefact.

“I can get better pieces here in Sydney than I can get in the Sepik,’’ says Mr Marshall. ma J. J « ft Itey died tor Japan-and tourism With the utmost decorum, and with the greatest respect to the dead, the Truk District Government in the US Trust Territory is out to make a Through the collaboration of the Trust Territory Government, the Japanese Government, the US Embassy in Tokyo, a Japanese salvage firm, Japanese, US and Micronesian journalists, a US filming company, and a Japanese submarine lying on possibility.

The Japanese Government, as governments will, is still collecting the remains of its war dead. And it wants those from the wreck of 1GU U 169. Now the deal appears sealed, And this is what Truk District Administrator Juan Sablan, according to the Micronesian News Service, feels about it: “The Truk District Government is taking every step to ensure that the Truk District Law declaring sunken ships as public monuments is fully enforced during the entire operation ... The project will not affect the marine life and the underwater “°|° g d y about Ihe^prolect 7 and' iTm confident that this project will not only promote toumm but more importantly, perhaps, fact that we are participating in what we all believe to be a humanitarian venture.

Distad Sablan s terms for the filrning company are that copies of all films taken of the operation are to be made available at no cost to the 15 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

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V 337 LA AA! A The MANA section of Pacific Islands Monthly is to be published each year as a by the South Pacific Creative Arts Society. As a society member you get your copy. Life membership of the SPCAS is $lOO Fijian or equivalent; foundation membership (good for three years) $25, ordinary membership $4 for those outside the islands served by the South Pacific Commission and $2.50 for those addresses within the islands. Send subscriptions to the Secretary, Box 5083, Suva, Fiji.

TT Government for official and non commercial use. The films will b t distributed to anyone who wants their —in Japan, the US, Europe, any where.

The silent occupants of IGO-169 of course, have no say in the matter It would be interesting to know 1 they share the same sense of honoui as Distad Sablan—or whether thei would prefer to remain untouchable by Truk Government proclamation like all other Japanese warriors en tombed in watery graves in Truk. I Unfriendly rugby in Fiji Sydney and Fiji secondary school boys in August and September gavi a couple of practical examples 0: how rugby football should not b( played. Some of their punchinj would have made Muhammad A 1 (Cassius Clay) envious. But official were so fearful of further violent that they cancelled the last matcl of the tour. The Sydney team wa from the Mid-West Metropolitai Zone.

The tour started innocuousl] enough with St John’s College Cawaci, beating the visitors 17-7 a Levuka, and then Sydney beat Rah Kadavulevu School 13-10. In th< third match at Buckhurst Park, Suva the home team, a Fiji secondary school’s team, showed it was read] to take part in any sort of violence Brawls marred the game right fronj the start. One melee in the seconc half lasted almost five minutes befon referee Nacanieli Vosarogoci regainec control.

Three days later, the Sydney boyi met a Nausori team. Right from th< start it was apparent there was \ hangover from the previous match Tension gradually built up and in th< second half there were several fights The referee, Father Brian, broke ug the contestants each time, but die not send anyone off. Sydney wot 10-0.

The visiting team’s coach, Mr Bruc< Mason, and local officials then go together and decided to cancel the lasi scheduled match against a Suv* secondary school’s team. Mr Masoi considered the trouble might have started from the different styles oj football the two teams played Sydney played largely a forward game, with the emphasis on winning possession, while the Fiji style wat to throw the ball about freely.

Ovalier, the Fiji Times rugby columnist, made no bones about the cause of the trouble —aggressive and provocative tactics by the visitors, he maintained. 16 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

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skilful industrious Burns Philp folk!

Cocoa and coffee, cattle and copra, they’re all nature’s gifts to man. In return, they all demand effort by man. And woman.

The same is true of all the other good and useful things that grow in the Islands.

And wherever they grow, you’ll find Burns Philp people doing important work. Improving cattle breeds and crop yields, trading, shipping and insuring raw materials, caring for the land and the produce.

The Burns Philp involvement in the Islands’ agriculture and animal husbandry has a most beneficial history. Today and tomorrow the people of the Burns Philp Group of Companies will go on making things grow better for themselves, for the Islands, for all the world.

Doing Good Business For The Islands

Burn/ Philp

Group Of Companies

PRINCIPAL OFFICE—7 BRIDGE STREET SYDNEY NSW 2000 AUSTRALIA 19 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

28940 Even a legendary paradise needs a modem water supply.

Hardie’s are helping to update it at Denpasar, Bali. y d mms me . t ‘ The island of Bali is famous for many things—its beautiful women, beaches, music, culture, its perfect harmony with nature. But even the most desirable paradise, if it is to prosper, must eventually relate to the 20th Century. Bali has taken that step—by initiating one of the most modern water supply systems in Asia. The modernisation programme, which will serve 90,000 people will also assist commerce and boost the island’s tourist facilities.

An Australian company, James Hardie, has won a contract to supply asbestos cement pipes, cast iron fittings and valves for this scheme at Bali's capital.

Denpasar.

Because the experience of working in an export market has proved so interesting, James Hardie has prepared a special llustrated leaflet on the scheme. It reports on the problems they experienced, how they were overcome, and the part played by the Colombo Aid Plan in bringing a higher standard of living to the area. For your free copy, write to: Publications Department, James Hardie & Coy. Pty. Limited, Box 3935, G.P.0., Sydney 2001.

James Hardie & Coy.

Pty. Limited. Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Townsville, Rockhampton, Adelaide, Perth, Hobart, Darwin, Auckland.

Hardie’s: pipelines for the export jobs.

JH71.87C 20 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Off The Beaten Track At

The Bird And The Pap

By Judy Tudor

According to the United Nations, tourist is anyone who spends a ht away from home. And what’s )d enough for the UN, is good nigh for Papua New Guinea when :omes to counting heads. Anyone, er than a resident, who spends a ht in PNG, automatically gets inted and by this method the local urist Board reckons that there were 734 tourists in 1972.

Fhat’s what the Tourist Board says. e local Bureau of Statistics says nething different. According to it, y 19,940 people arrived in PNG 1972 for a holiday; the rest of the , es t fn rm mtad iValS haVing ° ther However, as a casual observer in ; country, you could conclude that th the Tourist Board and the itistician are wide of the mark.

New Guinea doesn’t feel like a irist country, doesn’t act like one, ;mingly doesn’t care a damn about irists and obviously doesn’t need ;m. Unless you look hard for them ;re are few signs that homo irisimo is abroad in the land at , and you are forced to the conision that many of those 19,940 liday makers are visiting relatives d are quick to take on local lourisation.

No swarms of blue-rinsed Pasadena dows or pale skinned Mid-Westem lies in funny shorts and little sox, itooned with Polaroid and movie meras; no great piles of luggage in tel lobbies as parties move in and it—all of which are part of the scene in other, less boisterous, more touristy parts of the Pacific.

Yet, as everyone in Papua New Guinea is fond of telling you, the country has a great deal going for it.

It is bigger than, different from, more varied than anything else in the Pacific. The scenery is spectacular, from offshore islet to 14,000 ft mountain peak. You can chug up the Sepik River in a house-boat; or go see naked villagers, mud covered villagers or villagers with 18-inch long gourds on their penises. (Although you will have to travel far and look hard for all three categories, as most people now disappointingly wear pants). In a sentence, Papua New Guinea is great for those tourists who want to see something different; for people who really want to get off that beaten track they talk about.

For the other 99i per cent of tourists, who want things to be different but, at the same time, just like back home. Papua New Guinea is something else again. Stroll along the beach in the moonlight? Not on your life, say the locals. You could be bashed, robbed or raped.

Hire a car? Certainly, if you are well-heeled, but if someone walks in front of you and gets knocked, go for your life. Report to the nearest police station, but don’t stop. If you do, the car could be overturned and you could get beaten to death by the mob that will materialise apparently from nowhere.

Dress and undress behind locked doors and drawn blinds otherwise you’ll encourage P**JW to j5 s - ** female, don t be su P make obscene gestures i street, proposition you with rude four letter words or hack at * he r thl^ k mesh on your window to try to get a y °u during th.e iig . yoi J g 9 ,1 t g r ;^? d^ ar y nr could get mixed up in a tn a drunken orgy " ot 8 European man and his wife were stoned, beaten, f st ’ d picturesque bit of all,^ g was stolen, killed versus New involved in a r £ ap “f l in iffiv “Sle town seems to have spent two day s sheltering loC ft£ doors. (Astral an Externa! Terntones says it was exaggerated and factions) antag °9 lsm b iYnkp n th it ?«,nossibleto in Thtcountnf and have spend weeks in the , none of these e^^X ng tb ngs b b^ pen to you ’ a [ th( ?^ gh t - d antly clear that they so, Ao happen to o woman public s er iocalnewspaperthus nTehtlv subjected to attacks almos. n igh tly as we leave our cars to return to our rooms we all *tand toe mJt oi serious ! n^ ry - Eacb to are advised yet nothing protect us. whh neonle a^er , dark ’ sb ®, sa ,’ P P scared to leave their homes.

"s Chief Minister, Mr Michael Somare, several times given the tourist ln- T y his official blessing by attending functions. Here he is seen at a list Board graduation ceremony for ist officers. From the left, the girls Miss Hila Avia, Mrs Bonnie Kinder, Gima Vavine, Miss Garo Goka and Miss Awedop White. 21 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

6C9N m m ®mrn I i § M ; i 1 I V 1 PS. ar fS ■ i m ml 22 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1971

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Ejecting A Png Image

i>he ended her letter: “Bring irists to Port Moreby? They must joking . . \ lot of residents agree with her the local Tourist Board has gone :ough the motions of fostering an erest in tourism in the face of :at government indifference in the t and what are likely to be other acuities in the future, including fragile feelings of local politins.

Recently Minister for Interior John .ise took tourist associations to task “projecting Papuans and New lineans as objects of curiosity.” low should they be projected? As ive westernised intellectuals? He } to be joking. Of course, the local )ple are objects of curiosity to irists not in any unkind way, but ause many of them are so difent from the people the visitor dws back home.

Once they are all reduced to being thed suburbanites, with office is, and this process has proceeded ite a long way already, what will the point of spending all that Ligh getting to New Guinea in the ;t place? According to the Tourist ard the average visitor spends $55 a day while in PNG and my own experience suggests that in this the Board is only too terribly right.

Whether it’s the tall, elegant and disdainful Mekeo, a rampaging Highlander or a snotty-nosed child grovelling in the grime of the floor of Port Moresby’s airport while his mother sits, natters and waits for God-knowswhat, it is these and all the thousands like them, sophisticated or savage, all the way from Daru to Vanimo or Lae to Wabag who are the focus of attention of every visitor.

There are plenty of countries with scenery, better beaches and more tolerable climate. PNG has no fabulous hotel resorts or jet-set hideaways, although accommodation available has improved a hundredfold since the days when I used to write articles on the theme that “a Tudor never slept here.”

But in spite of the improvements you would never mistake most PNG hotels for similar establishments in a more tourist-orientated country.

The atmosphere is different, more attuned to the eating and drinking habits of local people than to international travellers. The resident guests are more likely to be territorians on the move, travelling salesmen or experts up from South, with the genuine tourists taking a minor and unobtrusive role.

Hotels and motels can be full of exuberant noises or have strange architectural devices like the Bird of Paradise Hotel at Goroka where to get to one lot of bedrooms you have to climb one set of stairs and then immediately go down another in an up-and-over exercise. No doubt the original owners named that place in good faith but in true New Guinea fashion the name has been lopped down to size and the establishment is now popularly and unfortunately known as The Bird.

Some PNG hotel operators have an informal approach to their clients’ clothing although with most the favourite bete noir is rubber thongs. These are out in all but public bars, where only wild tribesmen go anyhow. Other mores, the subject of printed notices outside public rooms in a few hotels, concern the wearing of long trousers and ties after 6 pm, although the Papua in Port Moresby breaks it down and stipulates ties and long pants for gentlemen in the evening or native dress.

Native dress? A Red Indian in 23 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Take fliaht with Pan Am’s Big Bird m.

Three times every week a Pan Am 747 takes off for the world. Three times every week you have the chance to escape to just about anywhere in the world you feel like escaping to.

Every Sunday, Tuesday and Thursday Pan Am has a morning flight to Australia. And an evening flight to the U.S.A. and Europe. And because Pan Am takes care of everything, on the ground and in the air, all you have to worry about is where you want to go.

You’ll enjoy all the comforts that have made Pan Am’s Big Bird famous.

But it’s the extra things you’ll really appreciate. Extras like Pan Am’s world wide connections and extensive services.

Extras like immediate connections from Nadi to Suva. And extras like the U.S.A.

The U.S.A. where you can take a stopover on the way to London. A night in Los Angeles or San Francisco fc $lO. See the sights and enjoy a good night’s sleep before continuing on Pan Am’s Polar route to London.

So if you’re thinking of taking a fligl ask your travel agent about Pan Am’s B Bird and wing your way to the world.

Even) country has an airline The world has Pan Am. £2 w l¥W/W[ Nadi: Nadi Airport 72.100 Suva: 38 Thompson Street 22.641 250

HELLABY 1873 1973 One Hundred Years in the South Pacific and still the same consistently high quality Hellaby’s Canned Meats Quay St., Auckland. 6*lBll4*o* PACIFIC > ARRO tin MODERNISATION skskin, maybe; or a Swiss in a mdl? Or even a New Guinea Highider in a bark belt and a couple of others? Somehow you get the idea nt it is really meant as an insurance ainst some possible occasion when lief Minister Michael Somare mes to dinner wearing one of his /ourite bula shirts.

The Papua has had several facets since the days when you were pected to share a room with one more strangers, but still retains jch that is typical of PNG.

It has several new drinking places, carpeted foyer and dining room lere music is supplied nightly by a an who plays an organ with one nd and a piano with the other. ;ry versatile, and appreciated, pecially by the waiters who alone long that fraternity in PNG, who iw come dressed in anything from xedos to red mess jackets, still wear >or-length white lap-laps.

The Papua (sometimes in colquial speech referred to as The ip), has a newish wing of bedoms which, due to some misplaced al on the part of the booking ent, I did not get to see. I was r a while in June allocated what e receptionist said was a room just as good except that the airconditioner was “rather noisy”.

Time was when I never went to New Guinea without a packet of bobby-pins to cobble up holes in the mosquito nets and a can of pressurised insecticide to kill off those insects already inside. These days a manual on airconditioning is much more to the point but in this case someone with malice aforethought had removed all the knobs from the machine. Above the promised noise that sounded like a mix-master let loose in a tin of ball-bearings, it emitted nothing but warm, humid air into the small room with its fixed, non-opening windows.

The following morning a Papuan mechanic and I attacked the machine together and, among other things, washed out the filter, whereupon the monster started to emit air so marrow freezing in intensity it was guaranteed to reduce even an Eskimo to a shivering wreck.

I asked the housekeeper for a blanket but she was sorry. There were only four blankets in the establishment and these were all “out”. She offered an extra bed quilt as a substitute.

I ended with three bed quilts and my legs thrust into the sleeves of a wool sweater and thus survived sufficient of the arctic night for the public bar to be cleared out underneath and the noise of the last truck to rumble past and fade into the distance. It was then time to switch off and in the small hours till dawn, gradually to thaw out and get the blood circulating again.

No one can say that Papua New Guinea isn’t different, unusual, curious and very much itself. And you can say that the local Tourist Board does its best in a conventional way on the $170,000 allowed it by a not over-enthusiastic government. It has produced some interesting propaganda films and posters, and more recently a very elaborate tourist manual at a cost of about $35 per book, designed primarily for overseas travel agents.

But you can still wonder why the big talk of a bigger and better tourist industry continues in a country which has so many other economic strings to its bow; where tourism can never be No 1, as in Fiji, Tahiti or Hawaii; where the mood of the country is not particularly favourable to it; and where only a tiny minority of the total population benefit from it.

Why not leave Papua New Guinea to the real, off-the-beaten-track travellers and cut all the other cackle? 25 iCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Footnotes WITH PERCY CHATTERTON in Port Moresby Rebels against a cruel society THE riot which followed the Papua v New Guinea rugby league football match in Port Moresby in July has received its fair share of attention from the news media, and “explanations” have been as plentiful as blackberries as everyone with an axe to grind rushed in to use it as a grindstone.

A very similar riot occurred after a simi lar match in 1968. On that occasion I suggested in PIM that if we were really serious about national unity it might be a good idea to drop Papua v New Guinea sporting events, but of course no one took any notice. Now a lot of people are clamouring for such a ban.

These two riots, five years apart, seem to have had similar origins and to have followed similar courses. In each case New Guineans with a dislike for Papuans appear to have planned beforehand to exploit the occasion to work off some of their dislike in a practical way by bashing up Papuans, their homes and their cars.

The close similarity of the two riots discounts the claim that the second one was pro voked by Miss Abaijah’s Papua Besena Movement. At the most, it may have been a minor contributory factor. But if the riot was aimed at Miss Abaijah’s movement, its most likely effect will have been to strengthen it.

The origins of New Guinea dislike for Papuans goes back to the between-the-wars period, when Papua and New Guinea, though both under Australian rule, were administered as two separate territories, which had inherited on the one hand a British and on the other a German tradition of colonial rule.

In Papua education was entirely, and in New Guinea almost entirely, in the hands of the missions. In Papua, while basing their cur ricula on the local vernaculars, the missions were teaching their pupils a modicum of Rebels against a cruel society English, and with the encouragement of Sir Hubert Murray’s administration the quality and quantity of this teaching was being stepped up In New Guinea, except for one or two Eng lish teaching administration schools in the Gazelle Peninsula, “church languages” and Pidgin were taught and used in the schools From the point of view of the greatest good for the greatest number this was a sound policy, but it was later to handicap the pupils of those schools in the rat race for jobs in the burgeoning western-style economy.

As a result, when, following the outbreak of the Pacific war in 1942, the two territories were amalgamated, first under a military and later under a civil administration, Papuans and young Tolais got a head start over the rest of young New Guineans.

Not only did they monopo lise the first post-war adminis tration school at Sogeri, near Port Moresby (actually estab lished by the military adminis tration before the war was over), but they tended to monopolise the best jobs in fast-growing Port Moresby. Worse still, en terprising Papuans began to migrate to New Guinea, something which they had never been able to do before, and there too, thanks to their better schooling, to mop up the best jobs, New Guinean resentment of this situation was natural enough, and its flames were fanned by expatriates who found the Papuans less subservient than the New Guineans and quickly dubbed them “big-heads”.

Since those early post-war years things have changed a lot. There are now many very able 26 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Young New Guinean mainlanders and highlanders occupying middle and upper level public service positions, and there is at least one highlander among our embryo diplomats, but a look around Konedobu reveals that all the indigenous heads of departments appointed to date are (unless I have missed one and I don’t think I have) either Papuans or Tolais.

It looks as if they have maintained the lead which chance gave them in the 1950s.

However, this is a situation which should iron itself out within the next few years, without any need for abandoning the principle of appointment by ability in favour of the regional apportioning of top jobs demanded by the Highlands Liberation Front.

So New Guinean resentment of Papuans may be described as a hangover, abandoned by most of the educated, but kept alive by the hordes of unskilled New Guineans, mainly from the Highlands, who are lured to the bright lights of Moresby only to find themselves either menially employed or jobless. It becomes increasingly clear that no method of maintaining law and order in Papua New Guinea’s urban areas can succeed without some kind of control over movement into those areas, however repugnant such an idea may be to those who regard freedom of movement as a basic human right. In retrospect I think that those who persuaded me to leave this “right” out of my Human Rights Bill in 1971 were wise.

But the Highlanders in our midst, though ...ectacular, are perhaps not the greatest threat to the maintenance of law and order in Port Moresby. A more insidious threat comes from within.

Recently a police spokesman told us that cost of the “breaking and entering” cases which are an almost nightly occurrence in Port Moresby nowadays are carried out by gangs of boys ranging in age from eight to fourteen, schools are among their favourite targets, hundreds of dollars worth of equipment is often stolen, and much damage done that is sheer vandalism.

Most of these youngsters have been born and have grown up in the city, completely estranged from traditional culture and tradi tional sanctions. Some never managed to get into school at all. Others received a schooling which only fitted them for the ranks of the unemployed. They are a rootless, motiveless generation, and there are more and more of them every year. Their parents have little or no control over them, and some are not averse from converting to their own use the booty their children bring home, though they must know that it has been stolen.

Basically these kids are not so much thieves as rebels, in bitter revolt against a society which has given them a raw deal and con demned them to frustration. “Savage” Papua New Guinea, for all its cruelty, was not as cruel as this.

Perhaps this is why the targets for their malice are so frequently schools.

In those parts of the city where people are living in compact, uni-tribal groups, as they are in the Motu and Koitabu villages and in many of the shanty settlements, much could be done, as Nigel Oram has suggested, by giving com munity leaders responsibility and authority to handle law and order problems within their communities.

Such a plan would be much more difficult to implement in the tribally and racially mixed suburbs, but initiatives taken by Port Moresby’s well clued and well staffed Com munity Development Group in the new no covenant suburb of Morata suggest that it need not be written off as impossible.

In the meantime, the Port Moresby City Council is doing its best to make us good by regulation. Newly promulgated council rules make it an offence to ignite fire crackers in the streets or to fly kites in the vicinity of power lines. We must not, between the hours of 10 pm and 7 am make noises which distress, annoy or irritate other people. Nor must we harbour dangerous reptiles, fowls or weevils on our premises.

What will our worthy councillors frown on next?

Bed-bugs perhaps! 27 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Times are Changing In W. Samoa From FELISE VA’A In Apia Things aren’t what they used to in the Western Samoa Parliament, the old days—say up to the time the Tamasese government—mem- ;rs spoke with bated breath when ey criticised the Tama Aiga, (Royal ms) and held ministers in awe.

Now, however, everything goes, he Tama Aiga are not free from e members’ caustic remarks, as [ataafa has found out. Since be- >ming Prime Minister for the secid time he was accused in parliaent by Toluono of having shown srespect to the Head of State, H. H. lalietoa Tanumafili 11, during the Injpendence celebrations. Apparently, le Head of State had arrived at Parament House at a time when the rime Minister was not there to revive him. Needless to say, Mataafa mied the charge.

Other cabinet ministers being conantly bombarded in parliament inlude the Minister of Finance, Sam aili, and the Minister of Health, Seiuli aulafo, the former for some unopular economic policies, the latter )r the unpopular hospital fees reusing local residents to pay 10 sene very time they have to visit the outatients’ department.

What is unique about the criticism f the government in parliament is s generality and acuteness. Strange i say most of the criticism is comig from a group of liberals led by the armer Minister of Works, Tupuola tfi. Members of this group include 'it former Secretary to Government, 'ofa Lauofo Meti, former Secretary f Finance. Aumua loane, Vaovasaaanaia Filipo, a barrister and olicitor, Fuimaono Mimio, Toluono, Eikeni, a director of the Samoa rimes, Aeau Taulupoo, Leaupepe 7 aimaala, Western Samoa’s first lady larliamentarian and former deputy peaker of the House.

Whether these members are acting n concert or separately is not clear, mt they have certainly succeeded in earing the cabinet’s policies to pieces.

K government attempt to raise duties in more items has been debated as has an attempt to nake a down-payment of $26,125 in about 400 acres of land the governnent wanted to buy from private andowners. The total purchase price ivas around $200,000.

As Asi Eikeni put it, “There is 31 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1873

The Big Flavours Come To The

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Name (please print) Address Postcode Age Occupation _ I code, stand Wa,dll careers .deice Is on or persona! I application and that no representative will ca//__ Ihing wrong with the government’s empt to buy land. The only thing ting is that the government is crying out having no money while at the ne time it is planning to buy land, isumably for development. But why esn’t the government make availe the land it already has for delopment?”

And a barb from Tupuola! The vernment talks about the poor finicial situation it is in, so it proceeds to op some projects, cut allocations, r off workers and limit credit avaioility. Yet, this same government s proceeded to suspend the hotel d tax, and is now planning to let » merchants handle the liquor distntion. As a result, the government is sing and will lose a lot of money at could be used to finance governsnt activities.”

Tupuola is not against the distriition of liquor by merchants. He lestions whether it is timely to allow e merchants to take over the liquor stribution especially when the ►vernment needs extra funds.

Then comes the natural question tiy Opposition attack against the ►vernment is so strong and conntrated. And the answer, in the □rds of the song, is that times are alanging; that Western Samoa must id new methods of solving new proems. It seems that the traditional adership is no longer seen to be ; competent as it used to be when imoa’s needs were simple and fewer.

Secondly, a pattern of partisanship slowly emerging in parliament but party system, if it does exist, is rgely informal at this stage.

What the future of the present [ataafa government will be is diffiilt to say. But certainly, no governient in Samoa has had such a rougn eginning.

Amily Planning

5 Catching On

Family planning is catching on in Vestern Samoa according to the lealth Department which reported tiat it is having difficulty in limiting tie crowds wanting to see the family ilanning movie shows. Even the childen are trying to get in.

In a survey of the nation’s bedooms, the department found that he intra-uterine device was the most lopular method, followed by the pill md then the condom. Statistics regarding the use of the rhythm and ivulation methods were not available nit figures are spiralling for the in- :ra-uterine device. It was reported hat 255 persons used it in March, 287 in April and 382 in May.

The pill was used by 247 persons in March, 261 April, 269 May. 33 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

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Huon Gulf Motel Markham Road Lae. Phone: Lae 3204 (As from October Ist phone 42 4844) A Division of Ansett Transport Industries Limited AHO/228 Malnutrition, a new problem in Fiji From SEONA MARTIN in Suva iji-s rising cos, of living is bening to affect the health of some n lie it remains true there is no there was little appearance of Iniitrition before 1969 In 1971, /M Hospital admitted 77 children ferine from malnutrition. It admitanother 58 severe cases last year 1 39 to June this year. 3ne of the reasons was the steep * in the cost of living during the 5t three years, the doctors said.

Fhe mostly badly affected seemed to families living in areas just oute urban Suva, according to Dr ae Stone. Malnutrition was rarely in in remote rural areas.

But around Suva, the head of the nily commonly travelled long disices to the city to work and had le time for fishing or growing food. verr/ ST- “ on buying the> food he might formerly vege tables ofsHSHSSAI Bebe damage, which occurred last October was also causing prolonged hardship.

When they discuss the cost of living, doctors shrug their shoulders and say.

“We cannot change the economic situation, or expect the government to change it overnight. What wehave-to do is to teach people how to mak the^m^ St n f convinced edu- Dr K. D. s harma is convinced ed cation wi! play a major role in fighting malnutntion He said mo , families, village { ea £ers and the oc> mumty as a whole bad to learn about nutrition and prevention of malnutntion. Nurses are already giving ampie dietary instructions with ad c and practical demonstrations, Stone said malnutrition hit most often a^ch.ld of the correct foods Fijian children « d^TnSchildren o°bt led r.!^ftS°ttfco^^ a severe f orm Q f malnutrition, kwashiorkor, a pro tein deficiency. All malnutrition cases reC orded at CWM Hospital so far th i s year were Fijians although doctors a lso saw plenty of borderline cases amo ng Indian children. while youn g breadwinners in the Suva area are stid searching for elusive cash-earning jobs, some of the older people are rediscovering the Qf finding their own food i? . stead In a sma ii Fijian community in burban Suva the young men sit at home or search for work while the dmothers go fishing to feed their f amilies . p rote i n rich fish will keep kwashiorkor from the door fo P r their grandchildren, anyway. 35 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

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Islands Monthly MAGAZINE* keeps you informed on Pacific happenings The Pacific is PIM!

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29 Alberta Street, Sydney, N.S.W. 2000, Australia (Postal Address: Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W. 2001.) B OCTOBER, 1973—PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

The Editor's Mailbag

[?]Ongans In The 'Big Smoke'

One wonders what my friend John mder hopes to achieve by the rather eeping and wholesale criticism uch he makes of the conduct of •ngans in Sydney (PIM, Aug, p 31). hile many of the things he says may ve happened with Tongans in Sydy we suggest that while the beviour of a few may be open to ticism this would be typical of a Dss-section of any minority group ing in Australia.

To identify the cases of misconduct d write openly about them is not ing to help the situation. It would t be difficult to outline cases of mgans who live happily in the commity here and to point out that ire are many who are making a od contribution to the welfare of . These have made many friends re who appreciate what the Tongans ing with their friendly disposition d their joyous outlook on life nerally.

There have been a few fights and me over-drinking but these have en the exception rather than the le and indeed such things have ppened with some Australians who ve travelled in the Pacific areas, e would not want to judge Australia these incidents nor lift them t of their context, nor magnify them I believe John Slender has done this case.

One of the ways to help Tongans Australia is to get near to them and Ip them as friends rather than stand I and berate them as critics. This ay sometimes not be easy but it not impossible and we should have understanding of the problems d difficulties which they have in aking adjustments from their culture ours, remembering always as the od book says “people who are well i not need a doctor but only those ao are sick”.

In general, we in Australia, neither e people nor the governments, do ry much to assist those coming to from the Pacific to be at home in our immunity. The Church tries to help, le Rev John Langi, a Rotuman of e Fiji Methodist Conference, has ;en appointed to work in Sydney as e guide, philosopher and friend of the people from the South Pacific.

The Tongans have strongly supported his work. This was brought home to us when a Tongan Misanale the traditional thanksgiving service was held in Wesley Chapel in Sydney on a recent Sunday. In little over an hour the Tongans contributed over 52,000 towards their pastor’s work.

As one saw these Tongans in the chapel, heard their magnificent singing and shared the spontaneous joy of their worship, one wished that something of their spirit could be imparted to the Christian Church in Australia.

While I believe that John Slender has over-emphasised the problem cases in the matter of misconduct I believe that his article may cause those Tongans in Sydney who have been unruly to have a good look at themselves for the good name of Tonga and especially of those Tongans living in Australia.

John Slender has also made some constructive suggestions which we would support. Those who come to Australia on a visitor’s permit should return on the expiration of the permit and this should be clearly understood by all concerned.

The Tongan Government too should take care to give exit permits only to those who come here pledged to good behaviour. The Australian Government should be ready to act in returning to Tonga those who break the laws which they on entering promise to uphold.

One of the biggest needs in Australia is for a Pacific Centre where Tongans and others from the South Pacific can get the care and counsel that they so often need. The Board of Missions of the Methodist Church of Australasia is considering establishing such a centre for this purpose and the board would hope for the cooperation of the churches and the government on what is a very important project.

With the strengthening of ties between Australia and the Pacific communities more and more people will be coming to Australia for training and as visitors. Provision should be made for these Pacific Islanders, not only to be hospitably received, (more and more Australians are coming to know what hospitality means in the Pacific) but also to help them in the inevitable problems of adjustment which will arise.

Cecil F. Cribble (Rev)

Methodist Overseas Missions, Sydney.

Certainly John Slender’s article creates a controversy and if people are as sensitive as 1 am, it disturbs many patriotic feelings. The article perhaps represents a true and fair view of the Tongans’ way of life in big cities, yet it also paints a nasty picture of them, as Slender himself suggests.

Honestly, after reading the article I have forgotten all the good things that it said about the Tongans, only the bad things still dwell in my mind. It implies that no matter how good Tongans are, they’d only be involved in the picture that Slender has drawn.

Is not that pathetic?

Due to my narrow-mindedness, I would say that Slender’s article is a well-written, artistic piece of lampooning, supplementary to last year’s Rev C. F. Gribble. 37 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Letters •tide in NZ Truth which claimed lat Tongans live like pigs. The article provocative and a menace to Tonans’ contact and affiliation with peoe of other countries. I may be wrong ut Tongans, to many who have ;ad Slender’s article, will now be ssociated with stowaways, drinkers, ealers and street-rowdies.

Definitely, the article has no conructive effects. If it was written with itentions of unearthing problems, icn certainly there were other avenes for doing so rather than this üblic exposure which led to people :offing at many innocent Tongans, » myself. Also, these problems are orld-wide pitfalls as one type of thnic group, culture, country etc, iffers from the other. Let those ho are free from these problems ast the first stones at the Tongans. 1 wonder how the Aussies, especilly my dark brothers from the In- :rior, would fare in New York, aris or Tokyo? You don’t have to e Tongan to have problems with owawaying, drinking, communiition and sex. The prosaic lives that lany people have experienced led lem to their search for something ore fascinating and flamboyant. Maye that’s why this ill-defined group f Tongans in Sydney end up this 'ay. Its a problem of adaptation and are cultural shock. Maybe that’s why ippies cut themselves off from society i many parts of the world. Maybe lat’s why many Aussies attempt to art new lives in other countries.

I cannot help thinking that Slender as deliberately tried to establish a ad ethos for the Tongans. What- /er he tried to show in his article j’d only find people commiserating so e has smothered any good reputation lat has been built up in the past. I’m ire I’m not the sole adjudicator ho agrees with this.

I want to elucidate that I’m not :pudiating the things presented in the rticle as most of them seem plauble. I only question its salutary Tects, its constructivity and its exediency. The article, in my view, •eates consternation and repugnancy, ome people must learn to underand, not to judge.

Fatai, (ie Mrs Slender) congratuitions on your appointment as reresentative for Tonga Visitors Bureau. 3hn, I hereby appoint you as the sw Tongans’ Criminal Record Keeper i the Sydney branch. ‘Ofa atu.

Lisiate 'A ‘Akolo

Wellington, NZ.

As a regular reader of PIM I came across an article about Tongan people in Sydney by Mr Slender.

After I arrived in Sydney as a tourist I met quite a few Tongan educated people, hard working and kind. Their hospitality is great and very helpful and makes me feel at home while in this country.

How the individual behaves and where he chooses a home is entirely his own business. (It’s a free country in case Mr Slender doesn’t know.) The faults mentioned by Mr Slender of stowaways, workers and students are not uncommon anywhere in the world.

He also forgot to mention that his wife entered Australia as a tourist.

When her permit had almost expired, not wanting to return to Tonga, she wanted to study nursing, so, with the help of the church authorities, she commenced nursing at Waverley District Hospital.

Honestly, Mr Slender must have known different Tongans from those I’ve met but, as they say, “Birds of a feather flock together”.

My advice to Mr Slender is to mind his own business.

UATESONI LAPU’AHO.

Homebush, Sydney. • Mrs Slender came to Sydney to work for the church after meeting its representatives in Papua New Guinea.

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Port Moresby^

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PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1971

1 their suggestion, she took and pasd a nursing aid course state final 'animation with distinction. Then she St Mr Slender, returned to Tonga to i d out her parents’ reaction to her arriage. They approved and she rerned to Sydney where her husband’s 9rk is. Her actions were never dieted by a desire to live in Australia.

Sex In The Trobriands

I am most grateful to critic Peter vingston for the good reception he s given my paintings reproduced in t book Islands of Love (PIM July).

Some verification I feel is warranted ncerning his statements about the ff describing the Trobriand Islands.

Some time ago, while workl on paintings for a book Papua New Guinea legds I was able to profit from ter’s thorough knowledge of the puan Gulf Districts. I now feel that believes customs in Melanesia uldn’t be as different as I have scribed.

Although the Trobriands are ine the ethnic boundaries of Melane- , the Trobriander is only as much danesian as, for example the peo- -5 of the Mortlock or Tasman Isids. To compare the highly-refined dal structure of the Trobriander th the customs of the Goaribari mot stand a test According to F. E. Williams, protution was socially approved in the rari Delta and the Goaribari were own to have conducted expeditions neighouring tribes for the purpose prostituting their wifes for shell laments. Nothing the like applies to ; Trobriand Islands, where free sexl expression can only be resorted by the unmarried. Sexual favours mot be bought: a transaction of >acco or a handful of betelnuts must considered a token of friendship the sign of intention as this could said of the European who presents girl with flowers or chocolates, t is to answer Peter’s question in ;ard to the sexual aspect of two deties “Why the Trobriands and t the Goaribari?”, that I must plain not having been influenced my choice by the sexual behaviour the Trobriander. But had I realed according to this factor I would o have “picked” on the Trobriander. dinowski’s statements on these isids do still largely apply, while, I have learned during a stay at okolo, the discriptions of F. E. illiams on the sexual life in the ilf District, have drastically been altered through far reaching Mission influence.

Peter wrote further: “Sex in the Trobriand Islands is no different from anywhere else” and, “I am sure that Kurt Pfund is well aware, that women who do not use any known contraceptive methods, have intercourse with many lovers, but do not conceive until they marry are found, not only in the Trobriands, but in many parts of Melanesia and investigators from Malinowski onwards have given some very simple explanations for this fact.”

Even the Tahitians or the Knabibu Indians of the Upper Orinoko would not have sexual intercourse as frequently as is the case with the unmarried Trobriander. The act in itself is different to that in other parts of the world.

Most certainly, I am not aware that there exists any other society in Melanesia apart from that in the Trobriands, where it is the rule that unmarried women do not conceive, except for places where a strict tambu on sexual licence before marriage is observed. It follows that I also have never heard of some very simple explanations for this fact.

Malinowski had no answer to what he called “a phenomenon”. In 1937, Dr Fritz Kahn described the discovery of antibodies produced by the female of species towards the male sperm (Unser Geschlechtsleben, Keller & Co, A. G. Lucerne). I understand studies are still conducted on this matter, especially in Japan and I was informed by the specialist on the subject at the Medical Faculty in Port Moresby, that this concept has never been applied to any society in PNG as being crucial to its way of life.

Finally, the crux of the matter is that Islands of Love is a book of my paintings on the Trobriand Islands, including a reference to what I learned while living and working for several months in the village of Kaibola.

My explanation of “the phenomenon” has never before been quoted and I have done so in the hope it may induce scientific enquiry and biochemical research into this matter before what Malinowski first described becomes history.

May I add, as a postscript, that I make a strong point in Islands of Love of the fact that the white man who seeks unrestricted sexual bliss in the Trobriands may be sadly disappointed. For obvious reasons, the letter as it is could result in visitors to the islands who would be little appreciated.

Kurt Pfund

Boroko, PNG.

That 'Western Myth'

Percy Chatterton’s Footnotes (PIM, Aug, p 28) were most appropriate.

It would certainly not be my aim to try to justify all and every action carried out under the name of Christianity, either in PNG in the last 100 years or the world in the last 2,000 years. But it certainly is illogical or ignorant to endorse the opinion, common in PNG, that Christianity is some form of Western myth or cult.

Perhaps an intelligent discussion between Papua New Guineans and Westerners may help both with their problems. The Bible message is contained in real life events, but in an Eastern setting. It's hard for Australians to understand this setting, as we don’t have clan and tribal organisations, intricate land tenure patterns and defined marriage alliances.

Bride price payments, garden magic, animal sacrifices, sacred objects and carvings, ceremonial initiations, plural wives, harvest celebrations and many other things commonly referred to in the Bible, are practically unknown to Australians.

Until an old man in a Papua New Guinean village had spent hours telling me his lineage back for 11 generations and shown me how this linked up with his land ownership and clan organisation, I thought genealogies were just long lists of names. It’s because we haven’t understood such lists of names in the Bible or been able to appreciate the background in which the biblical message is set, that many Europeans do have trouble understanding or interpreting the Bible.

It is not coincidence that Papua New Guineans are needed to help our understanding of Christianity.

As often requested by the Chief Minister, we need to work together to solve our problems.

Bruce R. French

Kerevat, East New Britain.

Drinking In Png

One could not help but notice the peaceful behaviour of 120,000 Highlanders at the “dry” Mt Hagen show in contrast with the riotous behaviour of a much smaller number of fighting Tolais and Highlanders in Kokopo, at the Tavern, on the same weekend.

This stark contrast of behaviour has led our students and staff to send the following telegram to Chief Minister Michael Somare urging much stiffer laws regulating drinking in Papua New Guinea:

Students And Staff Of Sonoma College

Congratulate You And Your Government

And Highland People On Peace And

41 Letters CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Ty At Mt Hagen Show. We Believe

U-Avai Lability Of Alcoholic Liquor

Itributed Much To Peace Of This

Bering. It Is Significant That Kokopo

TS AND FIGHTING BEGAN AT THE TAVERN.

Believe Tight National Restrictions

Liquor Sales Could Have Prevented

Y Situation Which Has Already Taken

> Lives And Caused Much Bloodshed

Fering Anct Fear. Alcohol Is A

OGNISED CAUSE OF VIOLENCE AND LAW-

Sness. Sonoma College Students

ENTLY SURVEYED 2283 PAPUA NEW

Neans On Gazelle Peninsula, 64 Per

It Said That All Liquor Sales Should

P, 91 Per Cent Said There Is Too Much

NKING AND 53 PER CENT HAD AT SOME-

E Been Hurt By Someone Who Was

Ink. We Believe That The Temporary

Al Ban On Liquor Sales May Help

Urgently Request Government To

Irageously Curtail Nation-Wide Liquor

ES. . . .

Phe telegram refers to some figures tained in a random survey of 2,283 ligenes in the Gazelle peninsula, fuller tabulation of the result of 5 survey appears below: )1% of those questioned believed that there is too much drinking. 10% stated that there should be greater restriction on the sale of liquor. 54% said that liquor sales should be stopped altogether. >3% stated that they had at some time been injured by someone who was drunk. >2% said that someone else in their family had been injured by someone who was drunk. 50% reported being short of food, clothing, etc, at some time because money had been spent on drink instead of providing more necessary items.

K. D. MORGAN dal Science Dept, loma Adventist College, kopo, PNG.

Golden Courtesy

’ have studied the account (PIM, g, p 10) of the funeral of Ratu Edward Cakobau with interest and ireciation slightly tinctured with satisfaction. fhere is meat here for the archivist, 1 meat, too, certainly, for the icral reader. But I’m less sure that i could describe that article as a dial for drooping spirits. What ?ody seems to have bothered to ntion was the extraordinary cour- / of Ratu Sir Edward shining round i like a golden light.

Tow very well do I remember my last encounter with this elevated gentleman! ‘Elevated’ in many more senses than one. Absolutely by chance I happened to learn one afternoon earlier this year that the acting Prime Minister was in Savusavu, and had just left the township boundaries, and was on his way back to the airport.

Decorum seemed to indicate that as a member of the small local Advisory Council (struggle with rural development) I should be seen among those assembled to bid farewell to the great man.

I drove over to the airport, stopping the car a discreet distance away. The acting Prime Minister was certainly there. Ratu Sir Edward stood out like a mountain among a collection of anthills. A little sheepish and selfconscious I advanced towards him with the intention, so soon as civilities had been exchanged, of retreating at high speed into the background. But this was not to be.

Ratu Sir Edward noticed me at once: came forward and shook me warmly by the hand. Ratu Sir Edward, filled with enthusiasm, seemed to be all over me. So I heard how ‘Sir, the government means to take a strong line over Nadi airport’ and, too, how ‘Sir, the government intends to adopt fresh tactics.’ He went on to explain that ‘Sir, the government 43 Letters CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Pacific Islands Monthly—October. 197

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BD2/HT6I92PM II plans for something else’ while d ‘Sir, we are proposing to go ;;ad with some other course.’ Mark j, it was ‘Sir, this’ and ‘also, Sir, t’ the whole time till after about quarter of an hour, with a genial ve of the arm, he placed his lengthy 1 distinguished person inside the craft and flew off.

Comparing that incident with peo- ’s verbal expressions today, I nder whether the reason so many med doubly sad at the loss of Ratu Edward was a vague kind of feel- ; that they might be attending two lerals. Together with the one taking ice before their eyes, a second rial, I suspect, could have been mrring. So far as Fiji is concerned, I Ratu Sir Edward carry with him o the grave the use of that short rd ‘Sir’?

M. E. BASDEN (Rev) /usavu, Fiji.

Into The Wahgi

After tramping around the New linea Highlands for a couple of irs before the Administration had ;n become aware of their existence, >ssing the country from north to ith down the Purari River, dis- /ering and reporting the existence the Wahgi-Hagen Valley to the [ministration in 1933, I note we are w relegated to being LED into the igen area in 1933 (ref PIM, Aug, 53, article on Fr Ross by “A Port jresby Correspondent”).

But for Jim Taylor’s personal thusiasm and interest when he was tioned in Kainantu, in all probility the discovery and potential the Highlands would have been lored by the Administration for irs.

But —Jim never LED us anywhere, d he has NEVER claimed to have ne so. He was always an enisiastic and congenial member of “ New Guinea Goldfields-Adminiation joint 1933 expedition into ; Wahgi-Hagen area.

I would suggest that your Port aresby correspondent checks the :ts in his sloppy reporting—and sps the record straight!

MICHAEL J. LEAHY. nag, PNG. • Apologies to pioneer Leahy for sloppy use of words. We note with tisfaction that his own use of words as direct as ever. 45 Letters CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER. 1973

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Magazine Section

Captain Cook Met A Liar So Vava'U

'Fell' To A Weary Spaniard

While Captain James Cook, the great navigator and explorer, was in the Tongan Group in 1777 he ssed out on two things which could have changed the whole course of Pacific history. Because of a lie he led to add the Vava'u Group to his impressive list of discoveries. Because the liar, a Tongan chief, could it agree with others over a plot to murder him, Captain Cook lived on to make more discoveries.

From PATRICIA MATHESON in Vava’u HOWARD the end of May, 1777, the great Pacific explorer, Captain mes Cook, was in the Ha’apai group the Tongan islands. He had com- ;ted most of the surveys from which i charts were to be made, had irned much of the natural history of i islands and of the culture and stoms of the natives and was ready r fresh sights.

By his side was Finau, a high chief 10 ever since he had met Cook d professed the greatest friendship r him. That the friendship was mething less than genuine is proved the fact that only a few days fore Finau had joined with other iefs in a conspiracy to assassinate ; captain and his officers.

The plan fell through because the iefs disagreed among themselves out the most propitious time of the y to make the attack and Cook, 10 fondly called Tonga, “The Fridly Islands”, never heard of it. lamelessly Finau continued to smile i his English friend, but perhaps, ter all, his conscience smote him d he felt a need to get away for time. At any rate, he told Cook, a w days after the abortive attempt agree on a murder plan, that he is going to make a trip to Vava’u lich lay two days’ sail to the north Ha’apai. He would, he said, bring ck a fresh supply of hogs and some the highly-prized red feathers of e frigate bird.

Cook heard his proposal with such terest that he felt a desire to acmpany him. In his Journal he wrote, thought this a good opportunity get some knowledge of Vava’u id proposed to him to go thither ith the ships, but he seemed not to iprove of this and by way of divertg me from it, told me there was sither harbour nor anchorage about it. 1 therefore consented to wait his return where I was and he immediately set out.”

Anyone who has ever been to Vava’u will realise at once the immensity of Finau’s lie. The long, land-locked main harbour contains dozens of good anchorages and the shallow waters of Neiafu tahi which in these days of steam are no longer used, were deep enough to provide safe anchorage for any number of sailing ships. In addition, most of the outer islands would have provided adequate shelter.

Was Finau, indeed, suffering from shame caused by a guilty conscience or was he merely the first of a long line of Vava’uans who wanted to protect their home islands from an invasion by tourists? No one will ever know, but whatever its cause, his falsehood kept the great navigator from adding Vava’u to the list of his discoveries.

For four years after Cook’s desire to see it was thwarted, the archipelago of Vava’u was safe from the outside world. Then on March 5, 1781, the Spaniard, Francisco Maurelle, anchored off the west coast of the main island at a place he thankfully named Port of Refuge. As if to refute Finau’s lie, he wrote of it, “There cannot be a more secure place of shelter in all weather: let the winds blow ever so hard, the sea would remain unruffled, and even a hurricane would spend its fury in vain.”

Unlike Capt Cook, Maurelle was no explorer with well-equipped ships • Maurelle, a tired and worried man, found little rest in Tonga, but 12 years later, his countryman Captain Alejandro Malaspina visited Vava'u. This drawing of Vava'uan women dancing, by one of his artists, reproduced here with permission of the trustees of the Mitchell Library in Sydney, shows that he found both beauty and entertainment.

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48 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

• d trained scientists. He was simply able navigator on the old Spanish in between Manila in the Philippine ands and San Bias in Mexico. In agust of 1780 he had been put in immand of the frigate Princesa. It as an old ship in poor repair with hastily-assembled crew and an inequate supply of food and water, is orders directed him to go far to e south to try to pick up a favourle wind which would carry him ang the coast of South America Mexico. In following them, he had »ped to make a landfall in the domon Islands—there to repair his ip and refresh his crew, but unvourable winds carried him to the uth-east.

The first place he reached was the ilcanic island of Fonualei, 40 miles ►rth of the Vava’u group. It must ,ve suffered an eruption shortly here his arrival because he reported at there was not a single tree on it, ►r could he find any anchorage ere. In despair because the isnd provided neither the food nor the iter he had hoped for, he named it nargura (Bitterness) and went on to ite, another volcanic island, west Vava’u.

The natives there brought him gifts of food, but he could find no safe anchorage about the island so he sailed on to the mainland of Vava’u.

He would gladly have remained much longer in his Port of Refuge, for he found there an abundance of food and plenty of good water, but the terms of his commission forced him to go on after only two weeks’ stay.

An earnest and intelligent man, Maurelle recognised that the natives were interesting and that their culture deserved study, but he was conscious of not having with him any trained men in linguistics, the natural sciences, or sociology. He was, too, well aware that his own worries about the Princesa’s decaying fittings, about the cockroaches that had consumed almost all his supply of ship’s biscuits, about the uncertainties of the far southern route, kept him from feeling in Tonga that delight in the place and the people which Capt Cook and other more fortunate explorers had known. He gave the archipelago the name of Don Martin de Mayorga and went on his way.

So it was that the honour of discovering the most beautiful of Tonga s island groups was denied to Capt Cook and fell to the weary Francisco Maurelle.

The man who lived before his time

By Peter Corris

Timothy George was one of the any hundreds of children born of elanesian parents in Queensland in e 19th century—in the days of the aeensland labour trade. His father, )limcane, was recruited from an and in the Langa Langa lagoon off e west coast of Malaita by the aeensland schooner Fearless in the id-1880s.

He served three years in Queensrid and returned on the same vessel find that the woman it had preausly been arranged for him to arry had married another man ring his absence. Disappointed, he jned on again for another term in aeensland. There he married a )man from South Malaita, and mothy George, born in the Burnett strict around 1892, was one of the ree children of the marriage.

Tolimcane and his family were jmbers of the Queensland Kanaka ission, the evangelical organisation unded by Florence Young (sister the proprietors of the Fairy mead gar Company) at Bundaberg for s purpose of christianising the anders.

The mission had great success long the indentured Melanesians, The author, a Research Fellow at the ANU’s Research School of Pacific Studies, met Timothy George in the Solomons in 1968 in the course of field work for his thesis on the history of Solomon Islands labour migration for which he gained a PhD. particularly among the Malaitans.

Tolimcane became a teacher in the mission and he must have realised the value of education for Timothy George (then known as George Mahratta, the last word being a common corruption of Malaita) attended three schools in the Burnett district and three in the Isis district, according to the movements of the family.

Although eligible to remain in Queensland, as one who had lived there for more than 20 years and who had children born and educated there, Tolimcane elected to return to Malaita in 1906 or 1907 along with the thousands of islanders being deported at that time under the provisions of the Commonwealth’s White Australia legislation.

According to Timothy George, his father was then operating a small sugar cane farm near Bundaberg, running a few head of stock, employing several labourers, had a little money saved and was ‘well along’.

Tolimcane foresook this prosperity to work as a missionary for the South Sea Evangelical Mission on Malaita.

As both Tolimcane, who was known as Thomas in Queensland, and his wife Makeni (Maggie) were literate and well-versed in the scriptures, they were welcome to the SSEM which had taken firm root on Malaita through the agency of christianised islanders returning home through the 1890 s and had consolidated its position in the aftermath of the mass repatriation of 1906-8.

The family settled in South Malaita, though not at the first place they selected because the ‘big man’ of the area was resolutely pagan and forced Tolimcane to leave. Timothy George, who had no island name but acquired the ‘Timothy’ from a missionary to distinguish him from the numerous other Georges, began attendance at the SSEM school at One Pusu on the west coast of Malaita.

Finding that he was expected to Captain James Cook.

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50 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1971

■jach rather than be taught, he left ne school after six months. With jbout 10 years of Queensland schoolng behind him, Timothy George read md wrote English with fluency and vas a sound arithmetician, but he was mxious for more education and it was disappointment to him for the rest [f his life that he was unable to Ibtain it. He spent the following iears in a variety of occupations, iccasionally in offices, but mainly at ea.

He worked aboard SSEM and vlalayta Company vessels and on Hose of Levers Pacific Plantations ,td where he eventually reached a •osition of responsibility. In these ears he travelled extensively throughut the Solomons and beyond—to Australia and New Zealand in 1913 riiere he witnessed dock strikes and nay have picked up some pointers on idustrial action.

In the 19305, Timothy George was village headman on South Malaita, very influential and somewhat eared man, who performed various ervices for the administration and be SSEM. But he was dissatisfied /ith his lot, feeling that he had been enied the chance to make the best ses of his abilities.

He resented his status as a native riiich brought lower wages and inerior conditions of work than those if white men whose equal he felt ilmself to be. It amused him to come board a ship and (keeping out of ight) address the ‘masta’ in his luent, cultivated English and then oberve the surprise on the European’s ace at finding that the speaker was lot of his own kind.

His education, acquaintance with he administration, experience of the rider world and personal discontentnent, made it inevitable that he /ould be a participant in the Marchig Rule Movement which developed m Malaita in the aftermath of World Var 11. The real nature of the movenent, its base in Malaitan society, ts organisation and aims have so ar been only partly studied. Timothy jeorge became the Marching Rule hief for the Areare district of South dalaita and, eventually, the nominal lead chief. He expressed two strands if the movement’s programme (and icrhaps the most important ones to lim) in a letter to me in 1968: “The MR were against ‘cheap abour and against being bullied and 11-treated and beaten by Europeans :tc etc, bad accommodation when vorking either on land or sea. The >rder given by the Head Chiefs of V.re are to all other sub-districts vere to make or build big villages md not live scattered anywhere or everywhere thru the bush, but to have villages along and around the coast.”

While there is evidence that Marching Rule had some roots in traditional Malaitan legends and cults, it was clearly an anti-colonialist political movement in the mind of Timothy George.

Along with other Marching Rule leaders, Timothy George was imprisoned in 1947 and served three years, but he was later installed again as a village headman and took an active part in the affairs of the South Sea Evangelical Church, as the SSEM was re-named following the ‘localisation’ of its structure.

He remained an anomaly all his life, a misfit as an educated, articulate Solomon Islander at a time when the colonial administration provided no proper outlet for energies and abilities such as his.

He saw to it, however, that his children’s lives would not be characterised by frustration as his own had been—as a result of their receiving the best education available in the Solomons, several of his descendants now occupy responsible educative and administrative posts.

Timothy George died in April, 1969. He had been a part of the three most important forces in recent Malaitan history—the labour trade, the development of an indigenous island church and the Marching Rule Movement.

His courtesy and assistance to historians and anthropologist who travelled to Ro’cne village, South Malaita, were extended generously, and deserve more recognition than mere acknowledgement in the prefaces to their books. When a history of the Solomon Islands comes to be written, Timothy George will deserve notice as an outstanding Malaita man who lived before his time.

This picture of Timothy George was taken about a year before his death in 1969.

With him are his wife and youngest daughter.

Jonathan Fifi'i of Kwaio, on Malaita. former Marching Rule leader and friend of Timothy George. He was elected to the Governing Council in the recent elections and is the oldest member of the new United Solomon Islands Party. 51 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Yesterday Fiji had some tough times in the 19505, what with the pick of the Fijian men being away fighting terrorists in the Malayan jungle, and visitations which insurance men call Acts of God— hurricanes, floods and even earthquakes. The bad hurricane of 1952 was followed the year after by an earthquake which claimed eight lives.

PIM of October 20 years ago featured the earthquake, or one result of it, right on the front cover. An intrepid businessman, whose name wasn't given, saw from one of the rear windows of the Bank of NSW a giant tidal wave racing towards Suva in the wake of a terrifying earth tremor. Instead of racing for safety as 99 per cent of the populace did, he grabbed a camera and took a remarkable picture of the huge wave crashing over the reef.

It made PlM's October cover. The reef partially broke the force of the wave but it was still strong enough to sweep across Victoria Parade to the east and damage docks and shipping to the west.

Suva which showed it could "take it" from both hurricane and earthquake, and make a remarkable recovery, was about to become a city. The Fiji Governor, Sir Ronald Garvey, told Fiji's newly constituted Legislative Council at its first meeting after the 1953 elections, that Suva would become a city as soon as the necessary proclamation could be prepared. He paid a tribute to those who had kept essential services going after both disasters, and had kept the public informed of the actual facts. It was not reported what the governor's reaction was when, 24 hours after his announcement, five Indian members of the Suva Council staged a walk-out saying the Mayor, Mr D. M. N. McFarlane, had insulted them and the whole Indian community by describing their opposition to a motion ordering demolition of sub-standard property as "foolish".

Bishop John Rogers, a New Zealander, now Roman Catholic Bishop of Rarotonga, 20 years ago was appointed Vicar Apostolic of Tonga, succeeding Bishop Blanc. Fathers Rogers, SM, as he then was, was posted to Tonga in 1941.

Papua New Guinea in the 1953-54 Australian Budget, was granted a little more than million ($l3 million).

Twenty years later, through growth and inflation this was up to a whopping $178,527,000, plus $36,239,000, which is the value of assets which will be handed over when PNG achieves selfgovernment, something undreamed of in that not-so-long-ago.

The Joyita mystery was still more than two years away when the ship became a mail boat for Canton Island, then the refuelling point for aircraft between Nadi and Honolulu. The US Post Office refused Pan American Airways permission to carry mail stamped at surface mail rates for Canton, creating quite a problem to get that class of mail to and from the island. Arrangements were made for Captain "Dusty" Miller, who ran a fishing business at Canton to carry surface mail south at regular intervals in the Joyita.

One of Brett Hilder's well-known profiles of Island identities —Solomons pioneer missionary Dr Charles E. Fox.

It appeared in PIM 20 years ago with an outline of his career as a missionary which, 20 years ago, covered 43 years.

At the time he was writing a history of the Melanesian Mission's first century.

Twenty years had been added to the 43 years when Dr Fox finally left the Solomons earlier this year to live in Hawkes Bay.

The season did not matter—sport was booming in Papua New Guinea 20 years ago, with football possibly the most popular. If it was played down south it was good enough for PNG, even if the oval was like cement and the temperature was close to 100 deg.

Fahr (37.8 deg C). But with the season drawing to an end (it had to give way to cricket!) a number of intertown football matches were played in New Guinea. From these a team was to be selected to play a team from Papua. There was no subsequent re port of any riot like that in Port Moresby a few weeks ago following the annual New Guinea-Papua Rugby League clash.

Sunday observance came before the economy when Maui Pomare called at Rarotonga one day 20 years ago to pick up a cargo of badly-wanted tomatoes for Auckland. It was a Saturday morning and the tomatoes were waiting.

Because of rain, they were not loaded.

The labour would not work the next day, a Sunday, and the tomatoes started to ripen. When eventually loaded on the Monday, many of them were rosy red. A government official interested in the prompt despatch of the cargo oi behalf of the people was heard to remark, "Pure in Raro —puree in Auckland". (A pure is a prayer meeting).

It was reported a high official of the LMS at Rarotonga personally made a circuit of the island, commending his peopk for refusing to load the Maui Pomare.

Tonga was delighted when it was announced that Queen Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh would stay in the kingdom for two days, instead of only six hours as originally scheduled. It wa arranged that they should fly in a TEAL (now Air-NZ) Solent flying-boat, instead of sailing in the Royal yacht, Gothic. That would take only hours, compared with 24 hours by sea. The new arrangement got Tonga out of a small difficulty. The six-hour visit would have been on a Sunday, and Tonga had to decide whether or not to break the Sabbath in favour of feasting and dancing. By flying, they would get there on the Saturday, and the Sunday would be observed in the usual way.

Papua New Guinea is on the threshold of self-government. But 20 years ago there was an area of 7,000 square miles in the New Guinea Westen Highlands which was surveyed preparatory to bringing it "under control"

It was evidently part of the Australian plan to bring the whole of New Guinea into contact with western civilisation within the next few years, PIM commented in October, 1953. 52 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Big enough to build a meal on!

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

MANA It’s a Western Samoan issue of MANA this month, edited by Samoa College principal, Albert Wendt, who also contributes. The emphasis is on poetry, with works by ex-college students Eti Sa’aga, who contributed to the very first MANA; Ruperake Petaia; and Tautalatasi Malifa, at present in New Zealand training to be an air traffic controller. This month’s Pacific Personality is teacher, musician and composer, Ueta Solomona, interviewed by Albert Wendt.

Blue rain One day in Apia, I ran out of the blue rain onto the veranda of a large department store. On it, set up against an expensive display window, sat an old woman, a vendor, her hands folded in a peaceful cross. Before her lay her life: three handwoven baskets, wooden pairs of earrings, and a turtle shell ring.

I escaped her accusing poverty back into blue rain falling.

War images In the breaking hours of crippled mornings, mutilated barefeet scramble for safety.

The sun rises through crucified visions of orphan boys, stray dogs, and gun barrels.

Creatures crouch motionless, metal gods bowed in endless prayers will break out in violent sermons.

In the churning sun, young green warriors move, eyes blink and shut like brown beetles, their blood will sprout like crimson wine from their punctured bodies.

Slowly I walk into my execution.

As smoke rises the flame dies.

Ruperake Petaia (pictured) is the author of the two poems below and at right. He left Samoa College two years ago and is now a clerk at the Public Service Commission. 61 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Samoan Songs And Poems

For Children

Translated by ALBERT WENDT.

Si Fee (Poor Octopus) Octopus! Octopus!

Touch your head and see what’s on it.

But the octopus glares at me: he is angry with what has happened.

Aue! Octopus, his tentacles have been eaten by the sugale, the way of the sugale is to hide and ambush the eight-tentacled octopus.

Pea Pulepule (Spotted Flying Fox) Spotted flying fox, take pity on us, we came hungering after your ribs and kidneys.

The way of the flying fox, is to eat with suspicion.

O le Gapia Came from the inland saw four flying-foxes hanging, a flying fox for your father and a flying fox for your mother, leave four flying foxes to make enough the gapia. laia! laia! 0 le Sue (The Sue, a fish) The sue wakes in early morning and lights his stone oven, Chastised by the avaava for trying to use wet palm fronds to light the fire. 0 le Alili (The Alili, a shellfish) The alili is a small creature who lives in a shell.

He’s not big but small and is good for children.

The alili lives in the reef and is seen when the tide recedes.

He doesn’t have wings and he doesn’t know how to cling tightly.

Moa Uli, Moa Sina (Black Rooster, White Rooster) Rooster e, I came to let my rooster fight!

Black Rooster!

White rooster!

The rooster is angry and wants to fight.

Toloa (Swamp Hen) The toloa, the toloa e, is a bird of the forest but lives in the swamp.

He’s afraid of people, dives underwater looking for fish, and eats mud.

His usual habit, his usual habit, he only cries when he journeys out to the world.

He’s like a bus or a seaplane. 0 le Lulu (The Owl) This gentleman the lulu has deepest eyes, he hides in shady trees, eats lizards and moo and the hearts of fat-rich chickens.

This bird and his way: when it’s evening he cries piercingly but the truth is he wants to know the trees where the chickens are sleeping This bird looks like an aristocrat because when he flies all the small birds scream, But we don’t know whether they are happy or laughing at him. 62 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

A Comic Love Song

ALBERT WENDT collected and translated this song from the smallest inhabited island in Western Samoa, Apolima.

Ou te le tala ole, Silisili tama o le lole.

E alaala poo fai sau sofesofe.

Tunu faavave sau kofe, Aua lou moa nei mole.

Tamoe tele vave ma le ofe Seu mai se atule ma se safole, E tali ai o lou popole.

Tuu lou ata i tama, Tamaiti ula leaga, Nei ou mao alu atu i se malaga Soli mai ou tofaga.

Tiga ona e vae vale Faitalia au ma lolase.

Peta te o ane i le falemai E tui ai ou paumasi.

E ui ina lafa lou ulu Ma poupona lou gutu, Ae ou te tautino atu, Ou te le musu, Faitalia au ma fufulu.

Tali: Togo maia e fusi atu au E faamafanafana i lou fatu.

Ona ou tago alu lea Fusi mai oe Ma popo faamoemoe.

I’m not boasting: the boys of the candy are the greatest.

In the evening cook some sofesofe, boil some coffee quickly in case your stomach suffocates.

Run swiftly with the fishing rod catch some atule and safole to satisfy your worry.

Stop smiling at other boys, boys who misbehave badly, or I may come on a trip and trample all over your bed.

Even if your legs are bandy I’ll straighten them, or we may go to the hospital and get your yaws injected.

Even if your head is ringwormed and your mouth is dotted with sores, I’m telling you truly I won’t refuse, I’ll wash your sores.

Chorus: Reach out and embrace me to warm your heart, and I’ll reach out and embrace you and pat you to sleep.

How it will be

By Eti Sa’Aga

This is how I think it will be, When the cool Virus of Progress Spreads slowly over These islands, Covering the warmth Of the healing sun, The face of every man: That is, When the phallic towers Pierce the womb Of the skies, And jets, Like mosquitoes, Hum my dreams Into nightmares Of sterile materialism; Where mountains crumble Under a synthetic green, Whose serenity Will not again chant The hymns of the ages, But vomit only a sweet fragrance Of burnt plastic waste; Where seas harvest Only shadows Of dead fish, And dry fingers of coral Will be corroded Into white sand By acidic waves.

And I Shall take my counselling From movies, And instructions From advertisements In daily newspapers.

Then half-baked With a thin veneer of culture And a smattering knowledge Of technology, I shall send My children To the temples Of the money worshippers To learn the gospel Of the miracle makers And give praise To all papalagi Who come in With cameras.

Then aged And highly decorated For a fake loyalty To the country’s culture, I shall cherish These islands In the common graveyard Of a polluted wilderness. 63 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Little fale

By Eti Sa’Aga

THIS

Little Boy

Is Standing All

Alone, In A Little While

He Won'T Be On His Own. He'Ll

Get A Little Education, And Maybe A

LITTLE DEGREE TO GIVE HIM A NICE LITTLE JOB.

And He Will Marry A Nice

Little Lady To Make Him

A Proud Little Man. His

Life Will Then Be

An Eight To Four-Thirty Job

THEN HOME TO THE LITTLE WIFE, IN THE LITTLE FALE. ‘Brown Pakeha’

By Tautalatasi Malifa

He is our kin conned into believing a new era existed in this foreign land.

Borrowed ideas and westernised views have created mud pools of confusion, but salved by visions of easy money.

Road blocks, traffic lights, the bridge across the River Kwai of sophisticated New Zealand.

Days find him behind wheels of heavy machines, levelling the good earth into smooth rolling lawns of cold highways.

His life wears on into a dark cell, into a dark corner, into the next day shivering.

Compulsive living ferments a new car, a television home, until what remains is the physical being yet to be whitewashed— he falls into category of citizenship number 17414480 ALPHA. . . . . black hair, black eyes, brown skin still flourishes although he has grown fat ... . . . . "sophisticated New Zealand"—Auckland. 64 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Pacific Personality Ueta Solomona: Teacher, Musician, Composer The following interview is with Ueta Solomona, who has composed, among many other things, the first Samoan opera, Jephathah, which was performed in the South Pacific Festival of Arts, 1972. Half way through the series of interviews between Ueta Solomona and Albert Wendt, Ueta had to leave suddenly for Hawaii where, for the next six months, he is to do further studies in music. Consequently only two-thirds of the interview is an actual transcript of their verbal interview. The rest of the article has been written by Albert Wendt and is based on notes made by Ueta.

A.W.: Your aiga is the most well-known family in Samoa in the field of music, especially church music, choirs, and brass bands. Would you outline your aiga’s history in this field?

U.S.: Before the Great Influenza Epidemic which swept Samoa in 1918, my grandfather Solomona was the pastor of the LMS Church in Apia. (The church in Apia today was built during his time as pastor). At this time, there was a missionary couple (whose name I forget) at Malua Theological College; they were childless but they knew my grandfather in Apia. The missionary couple came to Solomona, my grandfather, and asked him if they could adopt his eldest son whose name was Karauna. Solomona agreed and Karauna was taken to Malua.

It is told in my aiga, that the missionary was an excellent musician (probably an instrumentalist) and his wife was a qualified teacher of English. It was from this missionary family that my aiga got this gift of music which has come to me even today. The missionary taught Karauna music, while his wife taught him English. Karauna grew up and learned a lot of music.

The Malua Printing Shop had a brass band which was conducted by the missionary, and Karauna played the first cornet in that band. Karauna was later appointed to lead the band.

Eventually, Karauna became preoccupied with a young love life, and he escaped quietly from Malua back to Apia. The missionary family tried to get him back but he escaped from one place to another. Karauna is the whole start of music in my aiga.

Karauna started teaching his own brothers —Taime, Karene, and Pene (who is my father). While in Apia, Karauna started a brass band for that village. He moved to Vaimoso and set up a brass band there as well. The Vaimoso band, under his direction, entered the first brass band competition in 1921, and won first place. He also started the Afega village brass band which my father took over from him.

During the political struggle with New Zealand in the 19205, Karauna became a very strong member of the Mau Organisation. Karauna led the brass band which led the Mau demonstration against New Zealand, the very demonstration during which Tamasese Lealofi was killed by New Zealand troops.

Taime also taught music and directed the Sapapali’i village brass band and many church choirs. He was especially noted for his trumpet playing.

Karene was well known as a teacher in the Malifa and Avele schools, and as a musician. He directed church and school choirs. Many of his students living today remember him well as a fine person and a fine musician. He was noted for his piano, violin, and xylophone. He was the composer of Robert Louis Stevenson’s Requiem.

Pene Solomona (Matautia), who is my father, is the youngest of the original Solomona brothers. He picked up his music from his older brothers, and taught himself from then on.

Their three sisters, my aunts, were also musical but in the field of voice. They all possessed good soprano voices.

To this day, my aiga believes that our talent for music is a gift from God. And it is a gift we are very proud of.

A.W.: Your father, Matautia Pene Solomona, is the most famous composer in Samoa, especially of religious and band music. In the whole Pacific he has perhaps composed the largest body of religious hymns. Would you tell us something about him and his work?

U.S.: Though my father learned music from his older brothers, he remains to this day largely self-taught.

He plays many different musical instruments and, as you say, he is widely known for his many compositions.

Certainly, he has composed a large body of hymns but a lot of it has been lost, especially his early compositions which were not noted down in more permanent form.

A quick glance at his sacred compositions—l would divide them into three periods.

In the early period, I can see fast, restless, multi-interesting ideas, some complete, some incomplete. Some are defined, others a little disorganised. Much of it was written in conventional form and harmony but melodious with a little touch of the South Sea air.

The middle period is quieter and more subtle. More pleasing in harmony and even more expressive in melodies. A representation of this period is the hymn book of the Congregational Church of Jesus in Samoa, a hymn book written by my father for this particular church after he broke away from the LMS church. (Continued over) 65 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

The present period is much more influenced by Roman Catholic chants. Much slower rhythm with little change in harmony. I cannot say much about this period because he is still tapping and developing a new vein of inspiration.

I think the differences of these styles of writing are due to different influences in religious beliefs and customs of the different denominations to which he has belonged. He was born and raised in the LMS Church.

The middle period starts with his breaking away from the LMS and joining the Congregational Church of Jesus in Samoa in about 1940. The present period is heavily influenced by Roman Catholicism; he became a Roman Catholic in about 1961.

My father has also written secular songs in a light and happy mood, mostly love songs. He has composed a lot of music for brass bands in different styles— marches, novels, dances and a little jazz.

My father continues to surprise me with his boundless energy and devotion to music. He is a self-taught musician and has never trained overseas. He still composes, trains brass bands and church choirs. He does all this in his spare time as he works as a fitter and turner in the Public Works Department. I think he has offered a lot of music to our country, not only in the form of music but through the musicians he has trained.

A.W.: When did you learn music? Did you teach yourself how to play the many musical instruments that you play?

U.S.: I began to play the piano when I was about five years old. This I remember because I played the piano before I started primary school at the Marist Brothers School when I was six years old.

Like many other people who were started off by their parents, so my father started me on the piano.

Later, I continued to teach myself the piano until I went to university in the States on my 23rd birthday.

I taught myself the basic techniques of many musical instruments but my knowledge of band and orchestral instruments was certainly improved while studying at university. 1 learned better methods at university.

A.W.: When did you start composing your own music?

U.S.: I started composing before I was 20 years old.

I wrote some hymns in conventional and homophonic style. Even tried some brass band music and songs. At that time, I used to accompany my father when he went out to teach brass bands and church choirs. Sometimes, he composed the hymns and songs, and I taught them. I used to spend every Sunday playing the organ in church. I also used to play in my father’s brass bands.

I think I owe my father nearly all that I know about composing and teaching music and singing.

At university, I really began to write music in a more sophisticated way. Up to now, I continue to compose vocal, choral, and instrumental music. At university, one of the things I wrote was a Piano and Violin One Movement Sonatina—it won second place in the Music Composition Competition at university. Just one of those happy memories about university.

In 1959, Ueta Solomona was awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to study music at the State University of New York. In 1963, he graduated with a BSc degree in music, the first Samoan to do so. When he returned to Western Samoa, he was appointed Music Specialist for all government schools; a position he holds up to now.

From 1964 to 1970, he also taught music over the radio to all primary and intermediate schools in the country.

In 1964, he founded the first Ecumenical Easter Service which was produced by the combined choirs of two schools and the Teachers’ Training College. Two years later, he organised and produced the first Music Festival involving choirs from all the high schools in Western Samoa. He still directs the music festival every year.

Still two years later, he helped promote and establish the Mafutaga a Aufaipese (Fellowship of Church Choirs) which is made up of 15 choirs from the Congregational Christian Church. Besides workshops, this organisation has given many live sacred music concerts.

At the same time and up to now, Ueta Solomona has lectured about music to many organisations and groups.

He has also directed and still teaches church choirs and village brass bands. He has been one of the main judges in the Samoan Traditional Singing Contests and Band Contests in national celebrations both in Western and American Samoa. At present, he is helping to revise and re-edit the Congregational Christian Churches hymn book.

He has composed, arranged and transcribed hymns and Samoan traditional folk songs for choirs and bands.

He still does this today. Perhaps the most recent highlight of his creative activity is the first Samoan opera he composed based on a biblical theme. This opera was performed at the South Pacific Arts Festival in Suva, 1972. Ueta Solomona directed his own opera at the Festival. At the moment he is working on a new opera to be called Vaea and Apaula which is based on a wellknown Samoan legend. He has completed the first part of this two-part opera.

In 1972, he started to build an orchestra which he hopes to expand into a real standard symphony orchestra.

This year, the beginnings of this orchestra gave its first public performance. The establishment of the orchestra is a major undertaking as Samoa does not yet have the musicians needed for a symphony orchestra. Ueta Solomona knows that he will have to train musicians himself, and he has already started on this work. If he succeeds he would be giving Western Samoa its first symphony orchestra.

Apart from all this activity, he gives private piano lessons to 60 students, the youngest students are five years old. This group gives regular public recitals. 66 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973 Ueta Solomona . . . (Continued from p 65)

Mana Contributions

MANA is a vehicle for Pacific Islands' writers and artists to publish their work. It is an organ of the South Pacific Creative Arts Society. Its editorial committee comprises Islanders from Western Samoa, Tonga, Fiji, New Hebrides, the Solomons, American Samoa and the Gilbert Islands. Material for publication must be sent direct to MANA's editor, Marjorie Crocombe, South Pacific Creative Arts Society, Box 5083, Suva.

Random thoughts A spell of feathers to charm Cinderella: my son wants wings for Xmas. ★ Slow suck of thought sprouting green voices out of our tongues ★ the day dying— white moths trapped in glass lantern flame ★ sleep brother in the banyan shade lazarus will rise again ★ in a church by a river a man prays into silence the river spills into the sea ★ in my palms no nail marks just mountains and valleys the eroded geography of fate ★ my father dances in his loneliness to tunes of coins tinkling in his mind ★ above my mother's grave ancient pua trees gossip the wind is sick of their chatter.

Legislation Once upon a time, a government in my country passed legislation banning rain. It didn't rain for their three-year term of office, and, in the drought of a general election, they lost in a landslide.

The new government passed legislation banning landslides. (The Prime Minister was a scientist who believed in miracles.) From lack of oxygen One day, a stranger visited our house.

We ate the light away.

Before he left, he told us he was God.

I believed him but my children didn't—God, they said, had a long white beard and lived in heaven where men, like that stranger, would die from lack of oxygen. in memory of jim baxter in the moon’s shadow horned rhinoceros beetle burrows into sweet succulent heart of the palm, measuring our dreams for that dawn when the longtailed tropic bird will hug the immaculate calm in the whirlwind’s eye, and we won’t be afraid of our burdens of great pain, great cold, great darkness and have it no other way, Jim.

Weather forecast a convergent zone lies over the soul in the absence of faith fantasies of innocence crumble petal by petal the parasitic worm of terror will continue to feed on the heart’s sinews no change in the weather until the 21st century and the birth of aquarius (we must however remind our listeners that meterology is not an infallible science) ALBERT WENDT should, by now, be a familiar figure to MANA readers, having contributed to previous issues and been interviewed by Marjorie Crocombe (June and July).

On this page is a selection of his poetry. 67 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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From the Islands Press A letter from lev Teufolau in the Tonga Chronicle: I wish to submit a request to People’s Representative Taniela Manu and Hon Ma’afu to please realise that his Majesty and nobles are not the only ones requiring a raise in their emoluments. There are civil servants who are suffering under rising costs today, and a perfect example is that mutton has gone up from 17 to 37 seniti a pound.

From the British Newsletter, New Hebrides: Large quantities of custom poisons or nakaimas were thrown into the sea round south-east Ambrym following a campaign by a Presbyterian Evangelical team led by Lay Pastor Jimmy Anson, says a report from Ulei. People who possess nakaimas may use it either for guarding themselves from danger, or to kill enemies. Pastor Anson and his team of 48 people are carrying on with their successful efforts to persuade people to throw away their poisons and lead a new life. They hope to complete their work in south-east Ambrym villages by next week.

The Tohi Tala Niue commenting on a statement by the retiring Resident Commissioner Mr Wilson that Niueans had, at last, learnt the art of social drinking: Alas, he was a little too kind. The fact is that quite a number of the drinking population have not, and we might also add that they don’t know when to stop. Drinking 24 bottles of beer on your own in less than two hours, or a mouthful of a mixture of gin, whisky and rum every five minutes, cannot by any stretch of the imagination be called social drinking. It appears also that an all-day all-night session has a particular attraction to some.

From a letter by J. A. Arnott in Atoll Pioneer, GEIC: The Otintai Hotel is not the only, nor necessarily the best, restaurant in South Tarawa. There are several on Betio, one of which, for my money, is streets ahead of the Otintai Hotel. For those who are interested, its toilet facilities are vastly superior to anything the Otintai Hotel has so far been able to provide.

From The Fiji Times: Famous British character actor Robert Morley expressed surprise when a Nadi businessman, Mr Mahendra Patel, of Motibhai and Co Ltd, recognised him in a group of passengers passing through Nadi Airport. Mr Morley, well-known for his upper-crust accent and evocative facial expressions, has returned to Britain with souvenirs of Fiji — Mr Patel gave him some Fiji police dolls.

From the Arawa Bulletin, Bougainville: Arawa may be thousands of miles away from the fashion houses of the world, but the girls here are not lacking in imagination. At a Tuesday night social evening at the Davara over Easter the natural look was certainly predominant, with the eye-catcher of the evening being Mrs C.

Bissett’s magnificent flared matador pants in the military colours of red, white and blue.

From a letter by R. C. B. Clark in Atoll Pioneer, GEIC: The Rest House (at Abaokoro) is more true to its name than the place which bears an eclectic title in Bikenibeu. It’s less than a two-hour launch trip from Betio, and offers the peace of an outer island, and an escape from the noise and dust of Urban Tarawa. Admittedly, there is no stove, lamp, cutlery, table and bed linen in the Rest House, and there are rats in the roof . . . And don’t expect to find a current copy of the Atoll Pioneer. It usually arrives there two weeks after publication.

Mr W. T. Bai, acting Commissioner for Corrective Services in PNG Post-Courier: Mistreatment of detainees in legal custody in Papua New Guinea is not and never has been condoned by the correctional services of Papua New Guinea. However, all human beings can, and sometimes do, err.

From Private Eye in Unispac, the USP students' newspaper: To solve our accommodation problem at USP, the Director of Student Services has suggested students volunteer to get married so that two can share one bed.

Application should be addressed to the office of the Director of Student Services.

From Group Radio News, New Hebrides: The sth of May was a special day for some people round the southern parts of Malekula. Report from Medical Assistant at South West Bay, Mr Willie Anson, said that in the three villages of Bonvar, Wintua and Law a over 100 people gathered in each village to celebrate the New Yam feast.

At Bonvar village more than 100 yams went to the feast. Wintua had over 120 people with one bullock and over 100 yams to eat. But Law a village could not manage a bullock, and provided two pigs for the meat and also many yams for the feast.

From Joe Murphy's Pipe Dreams column, Pacific Daily News, Guam: As you drive down Marine Drive this Friday afternoon, are you thinking the same thought as I am, which is, are our Guam auto dealers having the same banner this year that they had in 1972? The fact that the number of private autos on Guam jumped by 11,042 in a single year has been pretty widely publicised. You've got to assume that additional thousands died along the way, although you can also figure that the military brought in a few of the new ones. From 1963 to 1967 the average growth rate was about 1,000 cars a year. In 1971, the jump was 5,000, and the last year it leapt dramatically to 11,000.

I think they must have learned to reproduce. 69 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Books, Reviews, writers

Crank Engineer'S Dream Solves

The Secrets Of The Sea-Bed

With much interesting, hitherto unpublished information regarding most Island regions of the Pacific, compiled by authors from several nations and assembled into this large new volume, The Western Pacific-Island Arcs, Marginal Seas and Geochemistry is a recent concensus of general scientific knowledge.

Its editor is no stranger to the peoples of Melanesia where he, with his colleagues Dick Stanton et al, shared the hardships and triumphs of pioneering discovery, with hammer, hand lens and bag—the tools with which the frontiers of Empire were being mapped 20 years ago.

The changes since then—and the contents of this volume—have been primarily due to developments in electronics that have been little short of astonishing. Data has been collected and processed at a tremendous rate.

Individual pigeon-holes of 20 years ago have had their partitions disintegrate through sheer activity; each subject has been rejuvenated by other branches of science. In particular geology has been transformed by the impact of geophysical and geochemical findings by land, sea and air.

After lying on the shelf for 120 years as the dream of a “crank” engineer, computers have become a reality. A university master’s degree in mathematics is said to deal with knowledge only to the year 1904. The full implication of computer availability to earth scientists boggles the imagination.

In the 19505, a sea gravity survey required a submarine; each single reading was a separate naval operation involving a star-sight for location and a dive to lie at 200 ft so that two pendulums could be swung in opposition on the same bar, and timed. Today, shipboard gravity meters make continuous recordings —teething troubles had been ironed out by the time of the Solomons Sea Gravity Survey by HMS Dampier in 1965. Magnetic measurements used to involve cumbersome equipment. Today it involves an ordinary plastic bottle of water with an intermittently-activated coil of electric wire around it, held by hand or towed in a “fish” by a ship or in the tail “stinger” of an aircraft—with continous recording.

In the Solomons in 1960 a sevenyear Tellurometer survey began with distance being measured to a fraction of an inch in 40 miles. In 1967 these measurements were extended beyond the horizon by three army-manned mobile satellite tracking stations— with satellites sent up specially from Cape Kennedy.

Aerial photography permits the most precise measurement of river widths, bank heights, tree and grass heights and contoured maps. Side-look radar can produce maps by electromagnetic responses that closely resemble aerial photos—taken through impenetrable cloud cover as though it does not exist. Similarly—and it is described in this volume —towed vehicles travelling close to the seabed exploring valleys and plains are equipped with side-look sonar that plots sea-bed outcrops and structures to 1 km on each side. The American Government has presented countries around the world with World Standard Seismological Stations and all accoutrements —this has helped us immeasurably in earthquakes studies by providing more accurate hypecentres.

Developments have been startling in any language, making such a volume as this possible.

Heavily dominated by the so-called “New Global Tectonics” or “Plate Tectonics” hypothesis referred to sceptically by one writer as the“ Conveyor Belt Theory”, Coleman asks whether this aspect of the volume is essentially an American phenomenon.

Nearly all scientists have come to accept that the ocean floor is being added to out of mid-oceanic rises because magnetic surveys show strips of matching magnetism, signifying comparable volcanic extrusions equidistant on each side of these midoceanic rises. But “Plate” supporters say that Earth does not expand and there must be comparable “conveyor belting” of crust down into the trenches (“subduction”) —the present fashionable hypothesis.

Only one contributor, Professor Sam, Carey, throws very heavy, wellreasoned doubts, believing it to be a passing fad, pointing out that earthquake profiles below the trenches do not show thousands of km of crustal shortening but rather expansion of the Earth: recent work in New Britain and Solomons seems to lend support.

In 1939 “continental drift” was similarly denied and supporters were scorned until the mid-fifties. Today, while proclaiming this separation of continents, geophysicists deny expansion, insisting on “subduction” into the trenches, while most geologists rush to concur and will not look at contrary evidence. Why is expansion so unspeakable?

Space will not allow treatment of individual papers by a distinguished collection of authors, well illustrated

Teamwork In The

Mission Field

• Since May 1891 the Methodist Church of Australasia has published without a break a missionary journal —The Missionary Review, a mine of information concerning the growth and development of the Christian church in the Pacific area and also a record of the missionary work of the church in Asia and other areas. More and more these volumes are being used by research students studying Pacific affairs.

The Review is published quarterly and this year the Congregational Council for World Mission, Australia and New Zealand, previously the London Missionary Society, has joined with Methodist Overseas Missions in the publication of the journal. The Missionary Review is now the official organ of Methodist Overseas Missions and the Congregational Council for World Mission. 71

Pacific Islands Monthly—October, 1D73

Ar *WM awwws 3 f.f&fe; PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

by maps and sketches.

A list of Collected References contains all references named by authors.

Although seismicity of the New Hebrides is a subject, the absence of mention of Blot’s papers from a decade of five-dimensional studies by ORSTOM is notable. It would also seem that most workers are not aware of the five volumes published by the British Solomon Islands Protectorate Geological Survey and other publications by the ensuing United Nations Project. Fortunately, the works of Woollard, Laudon, Rose and Furumoto on this critical area have received honourable mention.

A useful comprehensive index concludes the volume.

Those involved in island arc or marginal field studies or in teaching earth sciences would do well to possess a copy of this volume as a convenient reference to current thinking.

John Grover.

(The Western Pacific-Island

ARCS, MARGINAL SEAS AND GEO- CHEMISTRY. Edited by P. J. Coleman.

Western Australian University Press. $24).

Pick of the paperbacks THE GODFATHER PAPERS, by Mario Puzo, who evidently believes that, if you've got a good thing stick to it.

Which is what he does with this account of how his best-seller The Godfather, the shock novel about the Mafia in the United States, came to be written and filmed. It's also a warning against being too successful. (Pan, $1.40.) COME INTO MY WORLD, by Buster Lloyd-Jones, is an ex-society vet's reminiscences of the animals and people he met during his career, a career which polio ended for him. As a sequel to his first book The Animals Came in One by One, it is another treat for animal lovers, though there's nothing sugary in it. It's hard to say who made his job so humour-filled, animals or humans—or ghosts! (Fontana, $1.00.) THE WRONG PEOPLE, by Robin Maugham, is something entirely different from one of his previous books about the Joyita mystery, which he wrote after buying, then selling the successor to the Marie Celeste, Joyita, which ended its days on Levuka's beach. The Wrong People, to some, will be the wrong people. It's a discretionary story of a repressed homosexual schoolmaster's passion for an Arab boy. Ugh! (Pan, $1.40.)

Onward Virgin Soldiers, By

Leslie Thomas, is a lusty sequel to his first best-seller The Virgin Soldiers, which was all about love and war during the Emergency in Malaya. This one's about love (lust) and army life in Hong Kong. Unlike the adventure in Malaya, there are no narrow escapes from bandits, only from cuckolded husbands. (Pan, $1.50.)

A Chance To Sit Down, By

Meredith Daneman, is described as a "heady insight into a woman's deepest feelings". As the author's a woman, she should know what she's writing about—the career of a ballet dancer, on the stage, in the dressing-room and in bed, several beds. It all adds up to a problem which some women have faced since the day after the dawning of time—whether to enjoy one's career, or one's men, or motherhood. (Pan, $1.00.)

Anthropology In Papua New

GUINEA, edited by lan Hogbin, is subtitled Readings from the Encyclopaedia of Papua New Guinea, and in fact is a collection of anthropological papers from that massive tome, but updated.

As Professor Hogbin points out, some of the pieces were first prepared by their authors as long ago as 1967, and much has happened since. Melbourne University Press, which published the encyclopaedia, also publishes this large format paperback, which includes pieces on PNG social structure, child rearing, sorcery and witchcraft, traditional political organisation, land tenure, religion, magic, and many others.

There is also a glossary of anthropological terms and an invaluable list of Papua New Guinea groups and where they live. Who would guess that there are Yam people (they come from Astrolabe Bay, Madang)! (Melbourne University Press $5.70.) THE MICKS, by Peter Verney, should appeal to all Irishmen, and others, in the South Pacific. It is the story of the Irish Guards in the two World Wars and in cleaning-up operations in some of the post-war trouble spots. (Pan $1.65.) There's money and soup for sea farmers I had not realised until I read Australian Sea Turtles that turtle soup is not made from the fleshy parts of the beast but from a substance called calipee prepared from its lower shell.

To slay a turtle weighing some two or three hundred pounds for the sake of a few ounces of heavilyflavoured gelatin might be accounted a wanton sacrifice but, of course, a turtle also yields a good quantity of meat and oil as well as excellent leather and shell. So it is a much sought after creature, and since human demand continues to rise, one is not surprised to learn that in many parts of the world turtle populations have been drastically reduced.

The Australian region is one of the few happy exceptions, but as the author. Dr Robert Bustard, points out, it is only a matter of time before the rookeries of the Barrier Reef and the Torres Strait islands will be as heavily pressured as most others.

He argues in this book that now is the time to take steps that will not only preserve our local populations but also help to restore the global population to its former high level. If we were to do this, harvesting could continue without danger of bringing turtles to the point of extinction.

Much of Dr Bustard’s book deals with the general biology of turtles.

Since the seven species are widely spread throughout the warmer seas of the world, the title of the book is at first sight something of a misnomer. BuT, as Dr Bustard indicates, a significant section of his subject matter deals with methods and results of his surveys and estimates of turtle population numbers, rookery sites, and so on, around the Queensland coasts, and hence there is some justification for giving a national bias to the title.

So do not be misled: while the book is a specific contribution to Australian natural history it is also of considerable interest to anyone concerned with turtles, whether from a biological or an economic point of view, anywhere in the world.

The final section of the book deals with the prospects of conserving turtle populations, and even of farming them. Dr Bustard is very keen on farming them and after discussing 73 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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L 83.3335

The Journal of Pacific History A scholarly journal concerned with the history of the peoples of the Pacific Islands, containing much of the most authoritative writing on the subject.

VOLUME VII 1972 256 pages: articles based on recent research, sections on Current Developments, Manuscripts and Publications, Book Reviews, and Index to volumes I-VI.

Published annually—subscription $A4.75 or equivalent (SUS6.OO).

Correspondence and subscriptions to Editors, The Journal of Pacific History, Australian National University, Box 4, P. 0., Canberra, A.C.T. 2600, Australia. some of his own pilot schemes operating on Darnley and Murray islands, as well as the experience of ;he world’s first turtle farm in the British West Indies, he comments that ‘it may not be long before the green ;urtle is added to the short but growing Ist of animals domesticated by man”.

He points out that those factors 3f turtle biology that make them susceptible to human predation are the very factors that make them ideal creatures for farming. The problems are not technical but economic, legal and political.

Dr Bustard is well qualified to write this book. He is well-known to Australian zoologists as a herpetologist and they have followed his work on reptiles in general, and turtles in particular, with keen interest. This book, well written and handsomely illustrated as well as containing a good bibliography and index, will be received by them with considerable gratitude. —John Simons. (AUSTRALIAN SEA TURTLES. By Robert Bustard. Collins. $5.95).

A Formidable People The Chimbus!

What a valuable book Paula Brown las written with The Chimbu, but low many will read it? I mean resilents of New Guinea, both black and vhite. There are those who say there is a sort of contest between the Tolai md the Chimbu for control of New Suinea.

The proponents of this theory night find much they did not realise n Dr Brown’s book, and, read in conunction with the Epsteins whom she quotes, might make an interesting comparison between the Tolais’ concern with the past and the Chimbus’ attachment to the present. To say that Dr Brown’s work is useful is the best compliment I can pay, for I think he work of anthropologists now should be of practical use. I think Dr Brown’s work is useful, and I lope use is made of it.

What a formidable people the Chimbu are. Paula Brown should enow since she has been finding out about them for 15 years. For instance, what other people are there vho “did not readily compartmen- :alise their activities as ‘before’ and now’, or ‘old Chimbu’ and ‘white man’s’; rather they lived in the recognising that the only constant is change.” A unique people? [ think so, and therefore a people to oe reckoned with.

Dr Brown has covered what seems :o me to be every aspect of the life md living of the Chimbu people. Of course, such a work must contain some of the jargon of science, but Fhe Chimbu is much more readable ban many such books. I need hardly say it deals with the people who are ■eally Chimbu and not those from Dther parts of the Highlands dubbed Chimbu by ignorant coastal people.

To many, the Chimbu will emerge from the book a people very different from what imagination has made them. The chapter on their prehistory is fascinating. It is a pity there is not a Paula Brown for every ethnic group in New Guinea for this is a book which might be read with advantage by those about to take over the government of Papua New Guinea.

The white administrators have been badly informed about most of the indigenous people of New Guinea, but then so have the indigenous people about their fellow New Guineans.

Peter Livingston. (THE CHIMBU. By Paula Brown.

Schenkman Publishing Co Inc, Cambridge, Mass. USA. Distributed by General Learning Press, Morristown, New Jersey).

There's no dry history here Few people, who were postadolescents in Britain in the dark days of 1940 when the “phony war” exploded into the real thing and the French Republic, in its shameful collapse, was revealed as a corrupt institution, riddled with treachery and intrigue, will forget that tense, worried look, almost fear, which most people wore on their faces.

What went on in France at that time? Why should the Third Republic, with a seemingly impregnable Maginot Line and months in which to complete its defence plans, have collapsed like a pack of cards? The answers lie in the history of the republic from 1871 onwards as told by American author and historian William L.

Shirer, who needs no introduction other than that he was the author of Rise and Fall of the Third Reich.

The Collapse of the Third Republic, a fat Pan paperback ($2.30), is no dry-as-dust history. He puts drama into his facts, and he writes of many incidents —the rape of Czechoslovakia, the Nazi-Communist pact which left the way open for Hitler’s invasion of Poland, the invasion of Norway and the fall of France — through the eyes of many witnesses, the famous and the unknown, those who recorded events before they too were overtaken by them and perished, and those who lived to tell the tale.

The whole is immensely readable; an index and an extensive bibliography add to the book’s value.— JC. 75 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

; j - > <* - - " ■ . „ - * '- • :>-«► . ** *'*«*£* m:0?0& nimH' 111 ” “" ' 11 V -'' C , i ■ " •x U' - --• tjf*' £* 'iii;; . ■ : -. : - T m - -r: -■*..*>: 4IJ jpg . * II ■ m - ;-■ M , ’ ** mSoBW?. ■ The Choice of the PROFESSIONALS Twin GARDNER BLXB Engines and a GARDNER 4LW auxiliary are the choice of Mr. Roco Musemici of Wollongong, N.S.W., to power the "JOSEPHINE JEAN", 70 ft. x 20 ft. x 8 ft. 6 ins., speed 1 2i knots with a total fuel consumption of only gallons per hour. *9% /bV""- GARDNER Diesel Engines are the only choice of the Profesional Fiherman who demands reliability and economy second to none.

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unspoiled areas in the world

The Solomon Islands

Janet Kent All you wanted to know about the Solomon Islands, and couldn’t find until now. Janet Kent tells the Solomons story ... the people, the geography, the history, World War II and its aftermath ... in this 221-page book which includes 19 pages of illustrations and maps. She brings the Solomons up to date, and adds a chapter on Horiara Holidays—where to stay and what to do. Published by Wren Publishing, but available to PIM readers at a special price.

Full details and Order Form overleaf.

Please send copy(ies) "The Solomon Islands" to: — name address city/state/country/post code for which payment of is enclosed.

Pacific Publications (Ausf.) Pty. Ltd., t 29 Alberta Street, Sydney, N.S.W. 2000. (Postal address: Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W. 2001) When ordering ask for our Pacific book catalogue D OCTOBER, 1973—PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Pacific Shipping PNG waterfront workers hope for Aust unions' help in wages fight Port Moresby waterside workers re- ;urned to work on September 8, after i five-day strike for higher wages and mproved conditions. But it was an ineasy peace, and experienced water- :ront men said there could be further iisruption.

The men were on strike while the \ustralian Council of Trade Unions vas holding its biennial congress in Sydney. That congress carried a reolution aimed at helping the trade inion movement in Papua New juinea to develop, with unions in Australia helping PNG unions inlustrially whenever called on.

Three days later, at a luncheon in Canberra, PNG’s Chief Minister, Mr Michael Somare, said he did not want to see Australian unions taking action in conjunction with unions in PNG. His government was concerned about interference by Australian unions.

“I think if Australians realise that we have our own problems and leave the problems for us to solve, it would be belter than poking your nose in and trying to intervene in other people’s affairs”, he said.

He added that he hoped to see the president of the ACTU, Mr R. J.

Hawke, to sort out problems of union action between the countries.

Back in Port Moresby, the striking watersiders, who are members of the Central District Waterside Workers’

Union, called for an Australia-wide ban on all goods for Burns Philp, Steamships Trading and W. R. Carpenter, the main employers of waterfront labour in PNG, if the strike continued for more than a week.

The union secretary, Mr R. Mc- Alister said the union would hope for direct support from the Australian Waterside Workers’ Federation. The union had promised support in the past.

Then the union bickered over the composition of a tribunal to deal with the dispute. It did not want two labour Department officers on the tribunal.

The suggestion to nominate two Labour Department Officers followed a refusal by the Employers’ Federation to nominate a member for the tribunal. In such a deadlock the issue is referred to the Administrator for a decision.

The Minister for Labour, Mr Rea, said the government would not stand idle if publicly stated intentions of organising massive strike action were implemented. (Other unions had threatened strike action in support).

Mr Rea accused left wing groups of Australian unions of trying to get a foothold in PNG. PNG welcomed financial and technical assistance from Australian unions, but those unions were going too far when they tried to carry out negotiations, he said. Negotiations concerning PNG workers should be carried out by PNG unions.

The union claimed: • A rise of 14c an hour from the present 40c; • Three weeks annual leave (two at present); • Ten days sick leave; • A 40-hour week (44 at present).

Through Australian union intervention 12 Papua New Guinea seamen serving in the Pacific Gas, owned by Liquefied Gas Carriers, will receive 5520 each for a period the ship recently operated on the Australian coast. Three Australian maritime unions placed a black ban on the ship —“forever” if necessary, the union Some of the islander crew of the Sofrana-Unilines, Capitaine Cook, posed here for PIM while they anchored at the Sydney wharf on their way to Newcastle for the second shipment of wheat for the new flour mill in Suva. A Sofrana-Unilines spokesman said that the company had signed a new contract to carry 50,000 tons of grain a year from Australia to Fiji for the new flour mill. 77 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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SE aEdr A ess E to^ D ARONEIL TRADING PTY. LTD., 4 28 president avenue KIRRAWEE, N.S.W. 2232. PHONE: 521-2909. CABLE: "ANSTRADE'' SYDNEY laid —to get Australian rates of pay :or the seamen.

Mr Pat Geraghty, Australian Seatien’s Union assistant secretary, said he money would be paid into the nen’s bank accounts. Those on leave /ould have their money paid through he PNG Overseas Seamen’s Union.

Other unions concerned in the ban, ✓hich tied the ship up for six days, /ere the Foremen and Deckhands’

Jnion and the Merchant Service juild.

Mr Geraghty said the seamen were etting from $9O to $l2O a month.

Tie Australian rates are up to $8,817 year for seamen and $14,000 for aptains.

He said the union’s policy was to emand Australian rates for ships arrying coastal cargoes. His union as a particular interest in assisting NG seamen. It would help them to et “proper rates of pay” under interational conditions.

“The Papua New Guinea Overseas eamen’s Union considers the Minimm Wages Board decision unsatisictory, and so do we,” Mr Geraghty lid.

The Minimum Wages Board fixed le following rates for seamen, to ?erate from June 12: Seamen—s 66 • $7O a month in first year; $B2 to )0 a month in second year; $B2 to 120 a month after two years. Bosun -$l5O a month.

Lighter Becomes

Jl Cruise Ship

A cargo ship built in 1967 for the orth Sea trade is being converted to a luxury passenger ship to >erate cruises in Fiji, covering Viti ;vu, Ovalau, Vanua Levu and iveuni. The ship of 2,540 tonnes '>soo tons) will carry 140 passenrs in two-berth air-conditioned bins with private facilities.

The cruises, which will introice a new element into the ji tourist industry, will be •crated by Fiji Line Ltd, owner the ship, in which the huge UK transport group, John Swire, will have a 25 per cent interest. An international merchant bank will also take up 25 per cent. Other investors are Mr Peter Chase, an Australian businessman who spent three years planning the project, 15 per cent, Fiji Investment and Development Corporation Ltd and Mr Jack Smith, former owner of Castaway Island resort, 10 per cent each. Shares will also be offered to the public.

The company will run a local competition to find a suitable name for the ship.

The ship will leave Suva each Friday for Levuka (stay overnight), then cruise to Nananu-i-Ra Island, off Rakiraki, Lautoka, Savusavu and Taveuni before returning to Suva. A seven-day cruise will cost $290. A three-day cruise will cost about $125 and a four-day cruise about $165.

Passengers will be able to join or leave the ship at Suva, Lautoka or Savusavu.

Jet Planes Will Take

Over Moana Roa'S Job

The Moana Roa, the only New Zealand passenger ship trading out of New Zealand, is expected to be withdrawn from the Auckland-Cook Islands run soon after Air-New Zealand inaugurates its jet service to the new Rarotonga airport on December The regular air service will make the Moana Roa passenger service unnecessary. The 40-passenger Moana Roa went on to the service in November, 1960, replacing the Maui Pomare. It is possible she will be converted into a naval survey ship.

The Moana Roa working account showed a loss of $516,325 for the year ended March 31, compared with a loss of $273,995 in 1971-72. Passenger occupancy in the ship from New Zealand to the Cook Islands was 69.72 per cent and from the Cook Islands to New Zealand 90.83 per CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Pacific Islands Monthly —October, 197 J

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ISLANDS Some of the firms and products we represent: GREENLITES waterproof matches LUCKY STAR tinned fish REDHEADS safety matches RENA vegetables in glass jars MAURI BROS, yeast FOREMOST FOODS CO.

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FRENCH KNIT car seat covers THREE STAR corned beef CRAVEN confectionery BROWNBUILT office furniture ADVANCE containers HARDIE'S building products SEBEL furniture BEARD beds and mattresses HUNTER DOUGLAS furniture KLINKII plywood STERLING bakery machinery WHITE ABBEY Scotch whisky BATA shoes SPC tinned fruit LIFESAVERS confectionery CHILTONIAN biscuits MACHETTES ATLAS plastic ware POLARIS stainless steel ware FOSTER—Beer in bottles or cans V.B.—Beer in bottles or cans BOND'S underwear BOND'S outerwear ANDY spotlights COUNTRY CLUB shirts FILLETTA tinned fish PAULCALL tools ASTRA razor blades WENGER quality knives GLYNGORE tinned fish VAN DER LAAN tinned meat DEROPA gift paper WARBURTON FRANKI coolrooms DURABUILT prefabricated houses THREE X (XXX) tinned hake BRONTE tinned meat HEINEKEN beer

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We invite inquiries regarding living or investment in this area.

We have a full coverage of holiday lettings, flats, motels, homes, farms, businesses and sub-divisional land.

Write direct to MABIN & BLOWERS Pty. Ltd. (Members R.E.1.Q.), 11 BURNETT STREET—BUDERIM, Q., 4556 ;cent in 1972-73. In 1971-72, the occupancy rates were 81.5 per cent to the Cook Islands and 99.25 per cent to New Zealand.

Boom Time In

Pago Harbour

The Department of Port Administration in American Samoa earned revenue of $656,792 in the 12 months to June 30, an increase of 33 per cent aver the previous 12 months. Increases were recorded in 11 major categories of the department’s activities, including water transport charges vhich increased by 82 per cent to 579,539. Most of the other substantial ncreases reflected a 6 per cent increase in the number of vessels enterng Pago Pago harbour—from 1,091 n 1971-72 to 1,166 in 1972-73. Other ncreases included (1971-72 figures n brackets): Dockage, $66,014 $35,031); pilotage, $44,333 $31,250); tonnage tax, $148,096 $114,645); wharfage, $287,863 $213,076).

[Arlander Steps Up

Ul Services

Karlander (Aust) Line has stepped ip its services into Fiji from Austraia. The Salamaua is now taking in 7 iji after calling at the New Hebrides nd two ships of the Mexican line, 4ardina, for which Karlander is Australian agent, are now calling at >uva and Lautoka. These are the .astragoni and the Mardina Exporter, /hich carry refrigerated cargo beween Australia and Mexico. Both hips will also call at Papeete on the 'ay from Australia to Mexico. Karmder also services Fiji with the levik.

Karlander recently sold the Slembe, 'hich was on the Australia to /ewak, Manus and Dayapura run to ar Eastern interests, and replaced with the Alderjo. • Fourteen Samoan seamen left le Samoan Bay at Suva in August ecause the ship was not calling at ipia. The Samoan Bay, operated by United Steam Ship Ltd, of Vila, was n a “shakedown” return trip to Fiji om Sydney. She did not have lough cargo to warrant a call at pia. The Samoans were replaced by 3 Fijians. • Without so much as “by your ave”, two Japanese trawlers “inided” GEIC territorial waters :cently without clearance from the ithorities, and the crew of one ship, ie Tonyso, which anchored at enualanga Islet, went ashore on ukulaelae and took some coconuts, hey visited the main village where ieir request for pork and chickens as refused. 81 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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Pentex St., Salisbury North, Brisbane, Qld. 4107. Ph. 47-3966 Islands face more freight rate rises Freight rates in a number of Pacific reas are about to rise, or have risen, Kth one refreshing exception—Trans- ■ac Lines Inc substantially reduced hem for rice, flour and milk for licronesian consignees from Septemer 1.

American Samoa is bitterly con- *sting attempts by Pacific Islands ransport Line (PITL) and Polyesia Line Inc (PLL) for increases s high as 25 per cent on the US est coast-Pago Pago services.

The Cook Islands Shipping Co fted its rates by 10 per cent, from ugust 22, for cargo carried from ew Zealand to Rarotonga. Cargo om the Far East (Hong Kong, aiwan and the Philippines) for apua New Guinea, plus Australia id New Zealand will cost 15 per nt more from December 1, accordg to a decision by the Australian id New Zealand Shipping Conrences. Both these rises were audited to increased handling charges id ship costs.

The general manager of Transpac, r Douglas Echols, said that in makg its decision to reduce the freight arges on staple items, the board had aked at the rising cost of those mmodities in Micronesia. Before anspac went into container cargoes nsignees paid $26 a ton. That lount was reduced to $l6 with the reduction of containers.

About the same time it happened us that the price of rice in the <^u ket L went U P’" Mr Echols d. With the rising cost of staple ms in Micronesia, we’re trying to ure out what to do. We don’t know It s too early in the game to have 3ugh experience on the actual ecomics of the container and how re doing it, but we hope to have it pretty soon, but as a matter of icy, we m Transpac want to make exception for the three commodi- * nee, flour and milk from the st coast.”

Vlr Echols said that to offset the uctions, Transpac would “readjust” euphemism for “increase”) rates on er cargo.

Governor John M. Haydon and the lencan Samoa business community led forces to fight PITL and PLL.

L sought an average increase of per cent with certain exceptions westbound cargo, such as 6 per * or refrigerated cargo and iber and 40 per cent on the minim Pill of lading for motion picture is and advertising matter. PLL ited to lift rates by 24 per cent some cargo, both eastbound and tbound.

The Federal Maritime Commission, in response to protests, postponed increases till August 13, in compliance with an order by President Nixon to freeze prices. The commission then ordered a further suspension of any increase and a public investigation and hearing to see whether increases were “unjust, unreasonable or other- Wl ?c un^aw / u l under federal statutes.

There will be a hearing before one of the commission’s administrative law judges. Governor Haydon has also Pacific Far East Lines (PFEL) be included as a respondent because of reports it proposed to increase freight rates, The commission has ordered that individuals and firms, who made such a vigorous fight against the increases, be named as complainants in the proceedings. These are American Can Co, American Samoa Chamber of Commerce, Ivi S. Pele, Senate President Salanoa, acting House Speaker Fa’asuka Lutu, Senator Tagaloa, Representative Seufagafaga Langkilde, Sawyer Sifoa Co, Mrs W. R. Seacord and the US Department of the Interior.

IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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For Sale By Tender

56 Ton Deadweight Gp Vessel

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Materials For The

Shipping Industry

IMPORTED ROPES, SHACKLES, THIMBLES, FURUNO RADARS, DEPTH SOUNDERS, ROBERTSON AP6 AUTO PILOTS FOR COM- PASS STEERED SHIPS OF ALL SIZES, MANUFACTURE TARPAULINS, COVERING NETS, SERVICE VESSELS DRY-DOCKING IN LAUNCESTON, ALSO OVERSEAS SHIPPING AGENTS.

C. H. SMITH & CO. PTY. LTD. 550 Flinders St... 4 Davey St., 16 Charles St., Melbourne, Vic. Hobart, Tas. Launceston, Tas.

Cruising Yachts & LEA UI, 52 ft American ketch, at Honolulu, arrived at Larotonga from Papeete and Bora iora with skipper Webster Larsen and yilma Larsen on July 26. The harms left in Lea Ui for Tonga on mgust 9. 9 BUTTERCUP, 32 ft sloop, rrived at Rarotonga from the Society dands on August 14 with solicitor revor Coleman, his wife Jane, and ieir son Nicholas. They sailed from ondon about a year ago for New ealand where they hope to stay for vo years. Calls were made in France, pain, the Canary Islands, Barbados, amaica, Panama, and the Galapagos ad Marquesas islands. After 10 days i Rarotonga, plans were to call at atutaki and Palmerston islands, liue, Tonga and Fiji, reaching New ealand in mid-October. • FORTUNA, a New Zealand oop, arrived at Rarotonga from ahiti on August 6 with ownerdipper Ken Furley and crew Dave •e Gray and Jeff Lareau. Fortuna left uckland in 1968 on a world cruise nd dropped anchor in Indonesia, Duth Africa, South America, )uthern states of the US, Caribbean mts and Panama. Fiji will be visited -fore the return to New Zealand. lr Furley has sailed Fortuna in the ydney-Hobart yacht race on seven :casions. • DODO 11, 36 ft ketch, arrived ; Rarotonga on August 23 with ngle-hander owner-skipper Stanley 'rummond. Mr Drummond built the icht and sailed her from San Diego, alifornia, last May, calling at the larquesas, Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Tahaa and Bora Bora. He planned to sail to New Zealand with a possible call in Tonga. He is an exschool teacher and a Merchant Navy skipper who served in North Africa during World War 11. He is one of many disillusioned Californians, he says, who is seeking somewhere else to live, ® VALAURANNE, a Piver Lodestar trimaran, has returned to Cairns • On right is the Gitana Del Mar, 42 ft ketch-rigged trimaran, pictured at Kwajalein, the United States top security anti-missile missile base in the Marshalls, before sailing to San Francisco in late August. Skipper MacDonald had sailed to the base from Roi-Namur. He called at Rongelap atoll on his way to San Francisco which he hopes to leave later this year for a round-the-world trip. 85 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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EXPORTERS to the Pacific Islands!

BRECKWOLDT & CO.

PTY. LTD. 276 Pitt Street, Sydney 2000 Box 5027, G.P.0., Sydney. Cable Address: "BREWO", Sydney.

Pacific-Islands Branches: P.O, Box 222, RABAUL.

P.O. Box 1549, Boroko, PORT MORESBY.

P.O. Box 185, MADANG.

P.O. Box 1188, LAE.

P.O. Box 72, KIETA.

P.O. Box 237, MT. HAGEN.

P.O. Box 178, WEWAK.

BRECKWOLDT & CO.

P.O. Box 47, APIA.

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P.O. Box 140, HONIARA.

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B.P. 65, NOUMEA.

Head Office: BRECKWOLDT & CO., HAMBURG/GERMANY.

Offices at: Milan, London, Antwerp, Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok, Hong Kong.

Enquiries from Australian Manufacturers invited.

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AUSTRALIAN HEAD OFFICE: 10-12 Spring Street, Sydney.

General Manager for Australia: J. Adam.

PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA BRANCH: Douglas Street, Port Moresby Manager: H. M. Harvey.

Chief Island Representatives

Rabaul, A.S.P. (N.G.) Ltd.; Lae, Radio Cabs (Lae) Pty. Ltd.; Madang, W. Stokes; Manus, Edgell & Whiteley Ltd.; Honiara, 8.5.1. P., E. V. Lawson Ltd.; Suva, Williams & Gosling Ltd.; Noumea, R. Laubreaux; Norfolk Island, Martin's Agencies; Apia, E. A. Coxon & Co.; Vila, C. Sullivan (INT) Pty. Ltd. lifter cruising for 20 months through Papua New Guinea calling at East New Britain, Buka and Bougainville ;hen the BSIP with Val and Ray Goldston. • PANDEMONUM, motor ketch, las arrived at Cairns with Keith McCarthy after a cruise along the Papuan coast. On the return to Aus- ;ralia the Pandemonum visited Dam and Thursday Island. The ultimate destination is the Gold Coast. • KOHATU, a ferro-cement ketch :rom Auckland carrying Terry and Maxine Paterson passed through Port Moresby in early August on her vay to the Indian Ocean. • WILD GOOSE, a 32 ft Atkins iesign ketch from California arrived n Port Moresby in early August. This rip has taken Ken Matson, his wife Lu and son Mark from Brisbane up hrough the Barrier Reef to Cairns hen across to Port Moresby. • OKERE is a 58 ft immaculate erro-cement Herreshoff design ketch ;rom Auckland. She sailed in the ~nd-Suva race, then came on to 3 ort Moresby via Fiji, New Hebrides md the Solomon Islands to arrive in nid-August. After a few weeks stay, Ikere with Jack Hargraves, Jon }lsen, Mike Gardiner, Bill Galbraith md Jocelyn Adams sailed for Indolesia and South Africa. • SANDRA 11, a 27 ft fibreglass loop with Dima Grinups on board, ailed from Kristinehamn, Sweden, in nid-1971 to arrive in Port Moresby ate August after an interesting trip hrough the Pacific. After a couple >f weeks stay, he plans to sail to louth Africa via Christmas Island. • WHITE SQUALL 11, with Ross nd Minene Norgrove, last mentioned i these columns in August, after laving made a run for Fiji as a result if a violent storm off Tonga, finished tie repairs at Millers yards, Suva, in arly September. They also took the ipportunity of making some improvements to the 70 ft schooner which or many years they ran as a charter oat in the Caribbean, where Minene /as born. They look like making a ermanent home in Fiji now. • SOUNION, a 28 ft sloop sailed y single-hander Herman Jansen, rrived at Rarotonga on September 7 rom Tahiti. Mr Jansen sailed from Amsterdam and called at the Canary dands, West Indies, Panama, Galaagos, Marquesas and Society Islands, le planned to visit Fiji then spend ic hurricane season in New Zealand, 87 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

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British Airways BOAC

Pacific Jet

NEWS WITH ROBERT OTTAWAY TO SOHO,

The Unsquare Mile

(BOAC Supplement—Advertisement) Soho has a raffish reputation, largely because it is so obviously devoted to the pleasures of eating, drinking, and entertainment—and a square mile appealing to the senses does not give it much hope of respectability. But it is a unique part of London with a romantic history, and an illustration of one of Britain’s better characteristics—its tolerant welcome for foreigners.

It has been reckoned that you can find representatives of more than a hundred different races working or living in Soho, and perhaps its most typical shop is a newsagent in Old Compton Street where you buy newspapers of five continents.

Traditionally, Soho is the area bounded by Oxford Street in the north Coventry Street in the south, Regent Street to the west, and Charing Cross Road to the east. But in recent de- :ades its restaurants have spread to ;he north of Oxford Street—and they nclude such famous ones as the Creek White Tower and the French itoile.

Yet however you define it, the oficentre heart is Soho Square, and it is here that the district’s life began, when the Duke of Monmouth built himself a mansion in 1681 and established the area as one of the most fashionable in London and a favourite address for ambassadors.

It had been a place of fields and trees, undeveloped until this late date because it was a recreational retreat for the lords who lived in grand houses in the Strand.

That rural past, highly surprising when you look at its modern neon, is remembered in its name—for ‘Soho’ was the cry when you wanted to call off the hounds after a day’s hunting.

Its European connections began very soon after. When the Edict of Nantes was revoked in 1685, a stream of French Protestants sped to safety across the English Channel and settled in Soho. It was the first of many small migrations, all of which may have helped to give this part of London its cosmopolitan stamp. Karl Marx lodged in Dean Street, brooding over its sins. Theodore, King of Corsica, dislodged from his throne, came and died in poverty, earning an epitaph from Horace Walpole. Poles, Hungarians, Italians, Swiss, Spaniards—all have arrived to add to the medley of accents and the variety of cuisines. The most concentrated group are the Chinese, who have turned Gerrard Street into London’s Chinatown, a shopping place for the community.

Although Soho’s character owes very little to any outstanding architecture—its best church, St Anne’s, was gutted by bombing in World War II —there are many hints of past elegance. In the south-east corner of Golden Square, once crammed with noble houses but now the home of the woollen cloth trade, there is a solitary carved doorway of the 18th century. And the statue in its centre is of George 11, togged out like a Roman.

Earlier houses come in a terraced row in Broadwick Street, and there are two good survivors on either side of Soho Square. In the square, where it joins Greek Street, is probably the district’s finest single building, the House of St Barnabas, a charity that helps London’s destitute and homeless. It occupies a mid-18th-century mansion, with carved woodwork and intricate plasterwork.

And Soho is haunted by literary and artistic memories. Because it has an ease of social contact and a freedom from convention, it has always attracted poets and scholars. At one time, Soho Square was the scene of the scientific get-togethers of the Royal Institution.

John Dryden, poet, lived in Gerrard Street. Canaletto came from Venice to paint London, and took rooms in Beak Street. Thomas Sheraton evolved his furniture in Wardour Street, now the business centre of the film industry, and William Hazlitt, critic, came to live in Frith Street.

Blue plaques on the wall mark the houses where the famous have slept.

Typical market scene in Rupert Street, Soho. 89

and a little street named Manette, off Greek Street, recalls that Dickens sent the doctor to live here for the purposes of the plot of Tale of Two Cities.

Handy for theatres, especially the four in Shaftesbury Avenue, which bisects Soho, its restaurants are its chief attraction for visitors. Any guide to the best food in London will include more entries for Soho than for any other district, so it is a daunting business to make a choice among them. Some, like Kettner’s and Gennaro’s, have proud culinary traditions going back to Edwardian days; more recent restaurants, like La Terrazza, have come along to share in their popularity.

But perhaps it is the brisk bustle of its street life, its clamour of tongues, and its sudden switch of mood that distinguishes Soho from any other part of London. There is a vivid and noisy street market in Berwick Street, where office workers shop for their evening meals. There is the best jazz in London, at Ronnie Scott’s, often given by celebrities like Oscar Peterson or Stan Getz. Above all, it doesn’t go to sleep till the early hours of the morning, when the last stragglers are disgorged from the cabarets.

The Duke of Monmouth, who began it all, is merely remembered now by a small street. His house was destroyed, and the aristocrats moved west.

More British Airwoys- BOAC Jumbo Services British Airways-BOAC is to increase its 747-jumbo jet services from Australia to London from six to eight a week when the airline’s new schedules start on October 28.

There will be daily flights from Sydney to London—all by 747 except on Mondays which will be by VC 10.

Melbourne 747 flights to London via the Orient will be increased from two to five a week, plus one VCIO.

These are in addition to the five VCIO services to London via Nadi, Honolulu and Los Angeles, which will continue as at present.

Brisbane services will be operated by VC 10s, twice weekly. They will originate from Brisbane and will be the only air services linking the Queensland city with London. Both flights will call at Darwin. (BOAC Supplement—Advertisement) Down by the Riverside: Pubs and Laughing Voices

By William Inglis

When friends come for the first time to Richmond, I usually take them on a guided tour—a not-tooarduous walk round, for in any metropolitan area, there can’t be many pleasanter places to live.

It’s so near to London: “VIII miles from Hyde Park Comer” says an old milestone. Visitors to London should escape there for a while.

They will find “countryside”, a stretch of river with a seaside atmosphere, and an old town with many fine buildings, a long history of royalty and riches, an attractive old theatre, an international range of restaurants, and one of the finest views in England.

First there is the Green, a few minutes’ walk turning left outside the railway station. The immediate impression is of a village green crisscrossed with paths. In the centre is the cricket square. If the sun is shining, deckchairs will be out, and there may be a match in progress.

A second longer look at the Green’s tall terraces, its trees and its spaciousness, and it becomes too stately for a village. You can feel yourself in the 18th century among the Queen Anne and Georgian houses. Just off the Green are lanes which are a magnet for lovers of antiques and bric-a-brac.

In the south-east comer, pleasant and leafy, is the Little Green, facing the splendidly ornate Richmond Theatre. The original “Theatre on the Green” was built in the north-east corner around 1765 and the present one—recently equipped with comfortable new seating—in 1899.

Sometimes it has the excitement of a pre-London try-out. After the show, round the corner in the Cobwebs you can often rub shoulders at the bar with people you have just seen on the stage.

On the west side of the green is the imposing and elegant Maids of Honour Row, built in George I’s time for ladies of the Court. Next to it is all that remains of the Old Palace, built by the first Tudor, Henry VII, around 1500. In those days the Green was part of the Palace grounds, a scene of pageants, revels and jousting.

An archway facing the Green still bears the time-worn arms of Henry VII. Behind it a peaceful courtyard leads out to Old Palace Lane, where once-humble cottages are now muchsought-after residences. Down the lane is the Thames. Turning left along the towpath is an inspiring view of the handsome, five-arched, 18th century Richmond Bridge with the Terrace Gardens and Richmond Hill heaped handsomely behind it.

A stroll along the towpath is like being at the seaside. Pleasure steamers and boats for hire. Deckchairs and ice cream. Pubs with open court- The Watermans Arms, Water Lane, Richmond. 90 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973 British Airways - D OAC

yards and laughing voices. Much ado about very little as the world and his wife and family escape from the big city.

Underground trains from the centre of London take just over half an hour, and fast trains from Waterloo mainline station only 15 minutes. But if there is time to spare, the happiest way to do the journey is to take the 2i-hour pleasure steamer trip from Westminster Bridge.

The journey from Westminster takes in the winding Boat Race course from Putney to Mortlake where brawny young men from Oxford and Cambridge meet every year in lung-bursting challenge.

Up the river from Richmond to Hampton Court, by Teddington Lock and Kingston, is a restful vista of gardens sloping gently to the riverside, creeks almost hidden by weeping willows and craft to match all pockets bobbing gently at their private moorings.

Beyond the landing stage grassy stretches of riverside invite soporific sunbathing, and, on the other side af the towpath, a passage under Petersham Road leads to the Terrace Gardens, where the colourful cultivation and the splendour of the views seem to ease the climb to Richmond Hill. Many stop at a tearoom halfway jp.

The Terrace at the top is a broad iromenade offering the famous and nuch-painted view of the Thames as t sweeps majestically round a treeaden bend. On a clear day you can iee six counties, they say though I lave never tried to count them.

From the “seaside” to the “countrywide ’ Richmond Park, a vast green ;xpanse first enclosed by Charles I is a hunting ground, still a royal lark, with red and fallow deer runling free in its 2,358 acres. Fourteen niles of its roads are open to motor raffic (speed limit 30 mph), but he Bailiff of the Royal Parks has teadfastly refused to open up the :entral roads. So the park has large ireas where people can walk in )eace away from their cares, and iven when it is invaded at weekends, hey can still find solitude.

New Ba/Anz

DEAL FOR

The Pacific

British Airways-BOAC and Air New Zealand have signed a commercial agreement aimed at improving vastly the two carriers’ ability to attract a larger share of the rapidly expanding traffic between New Zealand and the UK.

Representatives of both airlines met recently in London to discuss ways of exploiting the new pact which will also, it is hoped, increase market shares of South Pacific traffic in general for both airlines.

Under the agreement each airline will promote the connecting services of the other between London and New Zealand via the USA. Air New Zealand now has daily services into Los Angeles from New Zealand which connect with BOAC services to London.

These include the three direct Los Angeles-London services a week which BOAC introduced in April and which will be increased to a daily frequency in May next year.

With the introduction of the new low fares between New Zealand and the UK, traffic on the route has been increasing at a rate of 50 per cent a year.

Mike Osborn, marketing manager Western Routes, said after the meeting: “There are no signs of this increase in traffic stopping and we are delighted to have reached this agreement which, I am sure, is going to be a great mutual benefit to both BOAC and Air New Zealand.

“It is important to both airlines to win as much of this new market as we can and this is a positive step towards doing just that. We could not have wished for a better partner on this route.”

THE NAME OF THE GAME! It had to happen some time! With all that vast network of routes around the world who else could BOAC appoint to be their man in Peking but—Chris Cross. And for extra measure, guess who is district sales manager in Cairo Mr Kamel. (BOAC Supplement—Advertisement) Air New Zealand chairman becomes IATA president Sir Geoffrey Roberts, chairman of Air New Zealand, is to succeed Sir Keith Granville, deputy chairman of British Airways, as president of lATA.

Sir Geoffrey will take over the presidency at the opening session of the 29th annual general meeting of lATA in Auckland on November 12.

Sir Keith: stepping down Sir Geoffrey: taking over 91 British Airways - BOAC ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

New Seats For

VC10s The latest BO AC seat design is now being introduced onto our Super VC 10 aircraft to make your journeys even more comfortable. The seats are being installed in the economy class cabins, and if the flight is not full, passengers will be able to convert the centre seat into a vinyl-covered table with two glass-holder insets.

BO AC’s intention is to provide you with the extra space to spread out —for the businessman to work, as a games table for children, or simply an extra drinks table!

The seats are part of a face-lift that BO AC’s Super VC 10s are being given. You will notice that the aircraft are being fitted out with new upholstery in a different colour scheme. It will take a little time for all the Super VCIO fleet to be completely refurnished but we think it will be worth the wait!

Coming Events In Britain

Some highlights of the next few months December 1 National Cat Club Show Olympia, London. 3 Royal Smithfield Show and Agricultural Machinery Exhibition Earls Court, London, to 7 Deceniber. 7 Richmond Championship Dog Show Olympia, London, and 8 December. 28 Camping, Outdoor Life and Travel Exhibition Olympia, London, to 6 January. 30 National Student Drama Festival Cardiff, to 4 January. 1974 January 2 International Boat Show Earls Court, London, to 12 January (Press Day 1 January).

February 2 Rugby Football: Scotland v England Murrayfield, Edinburgh. 8 Cruft's Dog Show Olympia, London, and 9 February. 15 English Folk Dance and Song Society Festival Royal Albert Hall, London, and 16 February. 16 Rugby Football: England v Ireland Twickenham, Middlesex.

March 4 Celebrations for the 150th Anniversary of the Foundation of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution various venues in Britain, to 7 January 1975. 5 Daily Mail Ideal Home Exhibition Olympia, London, to 30 March. 12 Spring Antiques Fair Chelsea Town Hall, London, to 23 March. 16 Rugby Football: England v Wales Twickenham, Middlesex. 16 Matthew Flinders Bicentenary Festival Lincolnshire, to May. 30 Horse Racing: Grand National Liverpool, Lancashire.

April 20 Royal Scottish Academy Exhibition Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh, to 4 August (provisional). 24 International Dairy Farming Event National Agricultural Centre, Stoneleigh, Kenilworth, Warwickshire, and 25 April.

May 4 Royal Academy Summer Exhibition Royal Academy, London, to 29 July , , 9 Royal Windsor Horse Show Home Park, Windsor, Berkshire, to 12 May. 11 Rugby Football: Rughy League Challenge Cup Final Wembley, London. 22 Chelsea Flowed Show Royal Hospital, Chelsea, London, to 24 May (Private view—2lst) (provisional).

June 5 Horse Racing: Epsom Summer Meeting Epsom, Surrey, to 8 June (provisional) (The Derby—sth; the Oaks —Bth). 15 Tennis: Wi?htm?n Cup: Ladies' International: G.B. v U.5.A.

Wimbledon, London, and 16 June. 18 Horse Racing: Royal Ascot Ascot, Berkshire, to 21 June (provisional). 21 Bath Festival Bath, Somerset, to 30 June. 24 Lawn Tennis Championships Wimbledon, London, to 6 July. •Euiy - 10 Royal Tournament: Displays by the Armed Forces Earls Court, London, to 27 July. . . .. c 26 County Landowners Association Game Fair Strattie Id oaye, Hampshire, near Reading, Berkshire, to 27 July. 92 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973 British Airways - B OAC

Minolta SR TlOl it i _ Minolta Hi-matic F minolfa r mmoifa M'-MATIC f s=< JOI I 3

Perfect Perfecter Perfectest

Minolta has the perfect camera.

It’s called the 16 QT “Spyfinder’ subminiature. Or the electronic exposure Hi-matic F. Or the full system SR-TlOl.

Whatever, wherever, whenever, you want to shoot...

Minolta has the perfect camera.

The SR-TlOl offers perfection in depth. A precision 35mm SLR, the 101 is backed by the Minolta system of over 150 accessories and fine Rokkor Lenses.

With the SR-TlOl you can do anything you want to do perfectly.

The Hi-matic F is perfection with speed. Automatic exposure and automatic flash ensure electronic accuracy at computer speed. Full 35mm format in a palm sized, speedy package.

The 16 QT is perfectly secret.

Shoot anywhere, anytime without being detected or carrying a lot of equipment. Just drop in a film cartridge and shoot.

Attach the “Spyfinder” eye piece and you can even shoot around comers.

The perfect camera...by Minolta What we call it depends on how you use it.

Minolta

mm* <*■* if ■ * ma&st. • • « HK •jy ,v v Cl* i , -.^<c.' f ;.. t^ :' ■■ ■■• -V ; -' ;V "A ts* 'M i/v* .. - , , V|l*‘ ••'' y .C-vr, - •'*<•’ v -‘ ■ r '^J" J I 4 *' j> V - -X s '.

Sfc *' '* ■# £$ .«f? • -* *5 15 i • *» !*•% if tW s r •! 9 •*■; ••;.*> -c\ "' • /• V > ; ,W s£**•* '•!,■ e 'n-- •.fv, 5 ;%% £ 'f* 4 ii- ■ •■ '■/■'■<*.*s . ■' . t, •»-’ •■; ' liS iiifiiii %#* «-' w ■-. *>rt-!« | - <*# **#*• ■? v#. * -f ->*<*• gjtfn9*.i ~ =*r*S« ; «*6 • • u»» The flag we’ve flown for a hundred years Two paddle steamers on the Yangtse River in 1873 marked the beginning of the China Navigation Company. Today, the same flag flies above eighteen modern motor ships plying an extensive network of cargo routes between Papua New Guinea and Pacific Island ports (as far East as Tahiti] and Japan, New Zealand, Australia and Thailand. _ u For 100 years, the flag of the China Navigation Company has meant experience, reliability and speed across the sea. Today, it s lying as strong as ever. or further details and all enquiries there are Agents at the following 1 >V.f* s HedL^rTm 11 *1 f) S ’"su l faJtoka ”VVestern* Samoa; Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Apia, abaul, Kieta. Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd Wewak. Kavieng F.,?: Morxis Papeete New Caledonia: Etablissements Ballande. Noumea. onga: Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Nukualofa and \ a / a * a^ l,l: y a^^ r n *P r °° a Y s d esN ouvmlles-Hebrides,Vilaand Santo. AHSTRALIA-Sydneyilnterocean .5.1. P.: British Solomons Trading Co. Ltd., Honiara, New Hebrides: & Sanderson Pty. Ltd. NEW ZEALAND-P. & O. (N.Z ) Ltd *<*>- Vok.h.m., Osaka. Kobe an<i Nagoya. Eas.arn Managers: Baberf.eld Swire, 9 Connaught Rd., Central, Hong Kong.

JOHN SWIRE & SONS PTY. LTD. General Agents in Australia, 8 Spring Street, Sydney, 9351

The China Navigation Co Lt

MEMBER OF THE SWIRE GROUP.

CN co PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

Pioneer’s cassette sounds... they leap at you like they’re live! mum m Notes with the purity of a nightingale’s call or the depth of a bullfrog’s complaint. This magnificent little cassette deck reproduces all, and better, because it has Dolby.'Dolby: An incredibly effective noise reduction system that makes natural sounds leap from the deck, especially with new chromium dioxide tape. It makes everything you record seem super-realistic like looking through a highly polished mirror.

Other sets have Dolby. But other sets don’t have the name Pioneer and extra quality features that go with the name. On the CT-4141 there’s a selector for your special chrome tapes. There’s automatic stop at tape-end in all tape travel functions. And there’s an ultra-smooth ferrite solid head (it just lasts and lasts).

We could go on and on, but your best bet is to flip on the CT-4141 at the nearest Pioneer dealers. & © « U © a

Crd Pioneer

Brijlal & Company, G.P.O. Box No. 362, Suva, Fiji Islands Tel: 222 58 Astronics Australasia Pty. Ltd. 161-173 Sturt Street, South Melbourne, Victoria 3205 Australia Hagemeyer (Australasia) N.V. P.O. Box No. 90, Lae.

New Guinea Tel: 2718 P.O. Box No. 63, Rabaul, New Guinea Tel: 2633 P.O. Box No. 673, Madang, T.P.N.G. Tel; 2445 Tee Vee Radio Ltd. P.O. Box No. 5029, Auckland, New Zealand Tel: 763-064 Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd. Norfolk Islands, South Pacific Jacob Enterprises, P.O. Box No. 4, Nauru island Ets. PERFECT, B.P, 594, Papeete,Tahiti Tel: 20 407 Menard Freres, B.P. 123, Noumea, New Caledonia Tel: 52-22 Transpac Corporation, P.O. Box 1477, Pago Pago, American Samoa 96799 Tel: 2227

*

Business and Development

Anz Revaluation Hits Island

Families In The Breadbasket

The New Zealand (10 per cent) and Australian (five per cent) revaluation of currencies on September 9 had the immediate effect of sending up the cost of imported food in a number of Pacific countries and territories already battling hard to combat the world-wide problem of inflation.

Overall the effects were varied.

Fiji had something of a “mixed grill” as it announced at the same time that preferential tariffs were to be abolished in January, 1974, in favour of a single line tariff. And on September 10, Fiji revalued its currency by five >er cent to offset higher prices for a number of key commodities and appliances it imports from Australia, aer biggest supplier.

Papua New Guinea was in a cleft stick as it operates within the Ausralian monetary system. PNG trade vith Australia was unaffected.

Primary producers will now receive ess for their goods which are sold o the US, the UK, Europe and fapan. Copra and cocoa planters are mjoying high prices at present, ilthough lower than those of three nonths ago. Coffee and rubber prices are fairly good, but the tea narket is depressed, and the revaluaion is another knock to growers.

On the importing side, Papua New Guinea will pay less. Two of the nain suppliers, apart from Australia, ire Japan and the UK.

Bougainville Copper, overall, will irobably gain from the revaluation. \ gain of five per cent on loans of ibout $203 million is worth more han $lO million to the company.

Shipment and treatment charges, >aid in US dollars, mean another aving. The sales contracts are yritten in US dollars which, theoreically, means a drop of five per cent n earnings. But a forward cover for ix months at pre-revaluation prices vill offset much of that loss.

New Caledonia and the New iebrides which are big custoners of Australia, now have to pay nore for imports, or cut them to the ame monetary value which operated >efore revaluation.

Fiji has been struggling hard to combat galloping inflation, particularly in food prices. That was one of the country’s reasons for abolishing the preferential tariff as a number of importers found they could land food more cheaply from the US, than Australia and New Zealand.

By revaluing five per cent Fiji wiped out any possible adverse effect on imports from Australia; but it is still five per cent worse off in relation to New Zealand, from where it draws most of its meat, and a proportion of butter, cheese and ghee.

The tourist industry will suffer to some extent. There will be no change for Australian tourists, regarded as the biggest spenders, but Americans will have to pay more, which may cause them to look elsewhere. New Zealanders will have cheaper holidays in Fiji, The Cook Islands will be unaffected in trade with New Zealand. Western Samoa, too, will not be affected much in dealings with NZ, but will have to pay more for Australian imports.

Tonga will have to pay more for imports from Australia and New Zealand, which are two big suppliers.

French Polynesia has been attracting a growing interest from Australian and New Zealand exporters, and will have a bigger import bill with those countries.

Mr Julius Chan, the PNG Finance Minister, said the Australian dollar had, in effect, been devalued by more than 5 per cent since February because it was tied to the US dollar.

The latest move merely redressed some of the effective devaluation.

The prices of most of PNG exports were much higher than a few months ago. The revaluation would cause problems to one or two industries, but the government would keep those problems under review.

A. Samoa may get refinery A SUS3OO million oil refinery is a possibility for American Samoa. Governor John M. Haydon is against it as an environmentalist, but as an administrator he has to consider the impact of a refinery on the territory’s economy. The Office of Samoan Affairs will be asked to find out from the people just what they think about it.

Should the project go ahead it will eliminate Samoa’s dependence on the United States for money. A Texas firm, Guam Oil Refining Co, has in- Land buyers lose in New Hebrides Joint legislation by the British and French resident commissioners in the New Hebrides to control land speculation by refusing applications for sub-dividing land has been upheld by the French National Court sitting at Vila.

The court rejected an application by Mr Martial Huguet, of Santo, for a declaration that the legislation was invalid. Mr Huguet, who was also refused damages by the court, bought a block of land at Hog Harbour from the Hong Kong-based company Lokalee Limited. After paying for the land, he found that the title deed would not be registered by the Registrar of Land Titles because the land was part of a section for which sub-division was refused by a decision of the resident commissioners made on January 19 this year.

Mr Huguet agreed on January 30, 1969, to buy the land from Lokalee. The company applied on June 27, 1972, for sub-division approval and this was refused on January 19 this year.

Under the regulations, the Resident Commissioners have rejected applications for six major sub-division schemes involving 5,500 acres at Lokalee, Cape Queiros and Palekula on Espiritu Santo.

Other buyers have indicated that they would challenge the validity of the legislation in the British High Court in London. 97 ’ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

s u MELBOURNE AUCKLAND LLI V A SYDNEY C. SULLIVAN (EXPORT) PTY. LTD., 4TH FLOOR, KEMBLA BUILDING,

60 Margaret Street. Sydney

(G.P.O. BOX 3373).

CABLES AND TELEGRAMS: “CHASULL".

N S BRISBANE LONDON

Offers A Comprehensive And Efficient

Buying Service To The Pacific Islands

OFFICES AT: PORT MORESBY • LAE • RABAUL • KIETA • MOUNT HAGEN • BULUMA

• Suva • Lautoka • Noumea • Honiara • Port Vila

"SULLIVANS for SERVICE" dicated it would like to go ahead with the refinery as soon as possible.

Some of the benefits would be: • Employment for 1,500 for two years; • Permanent employment for 300 to 400; • Revenue of about $14.6 million a year.

The plant would be able to refine 200,000 barrels a day. An offshore pumping station for tankers of more than 250,000 tonnes would need to be constructed a mile from the coast between Leone and Vailoatai. The company would be expected to construct a $1.5 million boat harbour facility at Leone, not only to serve tankers, but to provide a terminal for inter-island vessels. As a side benefit, this would cut nearly onethird off the run to Western Samoa.

Also to be considered in the plan is a fair rent for 900 acres of land involved, crop losses and the relocation of people living in the area.

Only a small area of the land would be used for the plant. The remainder would be used for offices, warehouses, water treating basins, and a large tank farm. Some would be held for future use.

Under American Samoa law the land can only be leased for a maximum of 30 years, with an option to renew.

BUYING BACK THE FARM...

By Harry Jackman

Next to inflation, buying back the farm continues to be the big economics issue in Canada, Australia and several other industrialised nations. It is, or soon will be, a very hot political potato in those Pacific countries where foreign interests own and/or control the greater part of industry, commerce and banking. n VT v ~ , ® | jb , hat a ess • , " ra , e nal f ’ *l as a B rowi ng nee .^ lr T capita investment /,f yh ,T 8 / ™te ° f the last decade ,s t 0 be mam ' tamea ‘ The present coalition government knows this. In December, 1972, the Chief Minister, Mr Michael Somare, said that foreign investment and selfemployed New Guinean businessmen are the backbone of the economy, The retention of the ‘mixed’ economy is indicated by the Improvement Programme, the new economic plan announced last March, but there are to be considerable changes in its structure.

To quote the first of the programme’s eight basic aims, there is to be “a rapid increase in the proportion of the economy under the control of New Guinean individuals and groups, and in the proportion of personal and property income that goes to New Guineans”, New Guineans are currently receiving no more than 36.4 per cent of monetary sector income and, unless «hey gain a growing share in ownership’ this P crcenta gc must decrease as technological progress requires increasing capital-intensity in just about every industry. Therefore, it is not surprising that the Minister for Finance, Mr Julius Chan, praised the Investment Corporation Fund of Papua New Guinea’s first share issue on September 1.

The investment corporation itself, a statutory body, began in 1972 to acquire equity in locally-based large enterprises on behalf of New Guineans. The corporation now has holdings valued at $10.3 million, The fund, which it has set up and manages, will use the money it receives from its shareholders to buy 98 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Southern Pacific Insurance

Company Limited

Head Office: Equitable Life Building, 80 Alfred Street, AAilsons Point, N.S.W., 2061.

Specialising in Pacific Island Insurance requirements for over 30 years. • FIRE • FIRE AND VOLCANIC ERUPTION • HOUSEHOLD COMPREHENSIVE • MOTOR VEHICLE • COMPULSORY THIRD PARTY • COMPULSORY WORKERS' COMPENSATION

• Public Liability • Marine

Enauiries invited for all classes of insurance from special representatives at: PORT MORESBY: H. A. K. McKee, Manager for Papua New Guinea, Ist Floor, Carpenter's Supermarket Champion Parade. P.O. Box 136. RABAUL: Mango Avenue. P. 6. Box 123 cnuA Meyer Manager at Lae, Kam Hong's Building, Central Avenue. P.O. Box 758 : L * M R ° S — Manager for Fi|i ' McGowan's Building, Margaret Street, P.O. quity investments already acquired y the corporation. Among these are 6 per cent of equity in Burns Philp NG) Ltd, 35 per cent in Comlonwealth New Guinea Timbers Ltd, 0 per cent in John Lysaght (NG) td and 45 per cent in Watkins roperty and Investment Corp Pty -td, giving a spread over several idustries.

The first issue of one million lares, each of $1 par plus 5 per cent ;e, is only available to New luineans. Not only individuals but iso councils, co-operatives, religious odies and other groups are expected > subscribe in what the corporation’s lairman, Mr E. S. Owens, regards > a medium-term investment. Shares "e offered in minimum parcels of JO, and shareholders may sell their hidings back to the fund or to other iew Guineans. It is hoped to pay a ividend of at least 8 per cent.

In the past, New Guineans have irely responded to offers of equity 1 enterprises floated or controlled Y expatriates, and where they have Dne so, they have often lost their Loney through chicanery or mislanagement not of their own making, he investment corporation fund, a lit trust with minimal risk, will be good pointer to current investment titudes among the people.

Some observers believe that arm’sngth investment in ventures owned id managed by New Guineans in eir own district have a greater ipeal than a unit trust, and see a ;ed to give such ventures priority seeking the people’s money.

None will, however, surely fail to cognise the ICFs first share issue a most significant step towards Fective control by New Guineans 'er the economy of their country.

Prom a Honiara correspondent Bicycles on Tulagi from October 1 must have seats, bells, brakes and lights and their riders must begin obeying traffic regulations. Three policemen were sent to Tulagi to open a post early in August.

In these two small moves are the signs of Tulagi joining once more the mainstream of Solomons life, after being a backwater since the destruction of the pre-war capital during the Japanese invasion.

The Japanese brought Tulagi’s destruction, and now bring it boom times with the building of the Solomons’ biggest factory, the Solomon Taiyo Limited freezer, cold storage, canning and arabushi (smoke-dried fish) base, the first to be built since the government and Taiyo agreed to the go-ahead less than a year ago.

The police and new bicycle laws follow the increase in heavy traffic population and—as yet minor—evils of industrialisation. The traffic regulations, by the way, are operative only in Honiara, Auki on Malaita Gizo (Western District) and on tiny Tulagi which is only three miles around with less road than that Sleepy Tulagi’s fine safe harbour which brought to it the government slip-way and the R.C. Symes slipway also made it Taiyo’s almost automatic first choice after Honiara since the government was keen to decentralise the skipjack fishing industry as much as possible. If the fish can be found other shore bases might follow, but this probably depends on the results of trials in fishing methods other than the preSent pole and line and ' thus Photos: BSIP Information and Broadcasting Services.

On right is the Solomons new Taiyo fish factory and shore base at Tulagi. The cannery is on the left, with the freezer, cold storage and ice-maker at centre. The two men on the left are newly-trained fishing masters Simon Tomisina, of the Shortlands (left) and Philip Mamu, of Malaita. 99

...And Selling It Off

LCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

Braybon Portable

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SETS FOR: • MOBILE WORKSHOP 9 REFRIGERATED VAN

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Braybon Bros 17 PTY. LTD., 2 ROTHWELL AVENUE, CONCORD WEST 2138 Tel.: 73-3246.

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Sets Available

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Write for obligation free brochure and c.i.f. price Pacific Islands. on a new agreement between Taiyo and government.

At present, Solomon Taiyo is restricted to 30,000 tons of skipjack a year, but nobody is saying whether that much is being caught. All the indications are that it is not, although catches would have to be far below that to interfere with the profitability of the joint venture.

The opening of the factory was quite a day. Taiyo chartered half a dozen small ships to take its invited guests over in comfort, with particular government officials going on the showpiece Shinpo Maru, crewed virtually by Solomon Islanders.

Large flags of all nations filled the boulevarde between the freezing and cold storage works and the nearly finished canning factory with its mixture of new and second-hand Heath- Robinson devices. A few small piles of cans, shiny-gold inside, were lying near the machines to give people some idea of what would happen Taiyo officials later told how 15U people would shortly set the cannery into steaming, clattering life. I The biggest thrill of this carnival day for Solomon islanders was to dash from the 87 degrees Fahr outside air through the freezer doors, a rubber curtain, a completely toggea up ante-room, then another rubber curtain into the huge cold-storage room —minus 19 degrees. Sweaty clothes helped the impression enormously, and some came hurtling bacK out through the curtains.

Afterwards, there was a feast oi

Who Owns What

The BSIP has a 25 per cent interest in the cannery as part of an agreement made with Taiyo in November, 1972. The government has the option to buy up to 24 per cent more of the shares.

Taiyo has invested about $1 million. When the factory is fully operational it will employ a staff of 150, producing 1,000 cases of 48 227 g (i lb) cans a day. It is expected to be working near peak capacity at the start of 1974. At present it is producing at the rate of 100,000 to 150,000 cases of 48 227 g cans a year.

That amount caters for about onethird of the catch. The remainder, frozen, will go to either Japan or American Samoa for canning. Some of the catch may be sold in the BSIP, depending on distribution arrangements. Overseas marketing will he handled by Tokyo companies. Special arrangements will be made for the Pacific if there is a demand. 100 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

D apua new guinea printing co. ply. ltd.

Serving the Country from Aitape to Alotau, Manus to Moresby.

Leaders in Commercial Offset and Letterpress Printing. • Stationery # Office Supplies • Office Equipment • Rubber Stamps • Self-Adhesive Labels • In Fact:— Everything For The Office.

P.O. Box 633, Fort Moresby P.O. Box 759, Lae P.O. Box 30, Mt Hagen P.O. Box 1239, Rabaul P.O. Box 466, Kieta local and imported foods laid out on tables 30 yards long under heavy yellow plastic sheeting. All the food and drink disappeared very rapidly with the dozens if not hundreds of gate-crashers, but nobody minded too much. Naturally, the beer was good and cold and everyone enjoyed themselves.

Besides, there were the celebrations at Taroniara on the main island of Gela, for the Diocese of Melanesia’s Sister Christine Woods who was celebrating her 40th year in the Solomons with the honour of a revived custom dance in which she appeared as the long-gone Queen of Gela (the Florida Islands). Sister Woods was Matron of the Central Hospital for 10 years, then “retired” to the service of the Anglican Mission where one of her self-appointed tasks was the care of pioneer missionary Dr Charles E. Fox until he finally returned to his New Zealand home at the age of 94 in March this year.

Gela had not been so lively in a long time.

Fiji's multi-million dollar land deal Some of Fiji’s best cattle country, at Navua and Naitonitoni, about 30 miles west of Suva, has changed hands. W. R. Carpenter (South Pacific) Ltd will receive $4.2 million over three years for the Naitonitoni land, held in the name of Morris Hedstrom Ltd, and for their 54 per cent share of the Fiji Pastoral Co’s land at Navua. The remaining 46 per cent in the Fiji Pastoral Co was held by private shareholders. One of these was Mr J. M. Hedstrom, a Carpenter director whose interest was 25 per cent.

The purchaser was Property, Development and Agricultural Co of Fiji Ltd, which, according to Mr Charles Scott, whose company, International Lands Developments Ltd, was agent for the transaction, is owned mainly by local businessmen.

The transaction involved the 5,818acre Fiji Pastoral Co dairy and beef cattle farm on the western side of the Navua River, and 1,048 acres at Naitonitoni, between Navua town and the Navua Hills. The Naitonitoni property has a long beach front.

Mr Lyle Cupit, managing director of the Carpenter group in Fiji said the $4.2 million would finance further development of the group’s operations in Fiji.

Castaway Island resort on Qalito Island in Fiji’s Mamanuca group, has been bought by a Hong Kong Company, Castaway Resort Ltd, for $1 million. The resort was built 14 years ago by Sydney businessman Mr Richard Smith.

A number of other Fiji properties have sold at high prices recently.

Overseas buyers have paid from $300,000 to $412,000 for three 1,500 to 2,000-acre coconut plantations in Taveuni, and $550,000 for 437 acres of freehold land at Momi Bay on the south-west coast of Viti Levu.

Another property near Momi was sold to three Californian investors for $461,000.

Strike trouble tor Nauru Centre Construction on the 51-storey Nauru Centre in Melbourne has fallen behind schedule through a dogmen’s strike which has hit all the city’s major high-rise building projects. It now seems certain that the first tenants will not move into the lower sections of the Nauru Centre tower until early next year, rather than in November or December as had been planned originally.

The strike followed rejection of a claim by 50 dogmen—the daredevils who swing at the end of cranehooks manipulating loads—for a 30 per cent increase in pay. This would have brought them into line with crane drivers who make SAI3S for a 40hour week, but often double that with their overtime earnings.

The main problem for Nauru is that the strike may result in their having to adjust the project’s cashflow. For every week the cranes aren’t working (the crane drivers went on strike in support of the dogmen’s claim) it is costing Nauru about $A13,250.

Before the strike the project was running slightly ahead of schedule.

It is doubtful that the time lost through the strike will be made up, although the vague mid-1975 completion date talked about by Nauru government officials still seems well within the bounds of possibility.

The other question-mark hanging over the whole project is the escalation of building costs. When the project began it was estimated that it would cost SABO million, but if inflation runs at 10 per cent over the next two years the total cost is more likely to be SA36 million to SA37 million.

Fiji shops out of sugar Sugar is Fiji’s number one industry, but for weeks the country’s shop shelves were sugarless.

Just before the beginning of the annual cane crushing season, local supplies of Fiji-produced sugar often run short, but there is usually enough to get by if consumers do not panic, and shelves are re-stocked as soon as crushing begins.

This year, however, a three-week strike by the Fiji Sugar and General Workers’ Union caused a real shortage. Some local sweets and soft drinks manufacturers had to cut production because their stocks ran out, and a brewery nervously watched its supplies dwindle dangerously low.

Disgruntled consumers complained: “First rice was unavailable.

Then there was no flour. Now we can’t buy our own sugar.” Longawaited shipments of flour, sharps and rice relieved the shortage of these 101 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER. 1973

basics, but sugar remained in short supply until well after the 2,700 strikers went back to work.

In spite of the inconvenience, and the high cost of buying imported castor or lump sugar, most people sympathised with the strikers.

They opposed the idea of the government stepping in as it had in a strike of airport workers at Nadi, when it recruited volunteer labour to replace those who walked out.

They felt such a move would aggravate the situation and wreck the mills. Certainly, the mill workers did skilled jobs.

Most believed the union was justified in its claim for an increase from 40c to 50c an hour, and felt the award of 3c handed down by the chairman of the Prices and Incomes Board, Dr Norman Ross, the sole arbitrator was miserably small.

The strike cost $330,000 in lost sugar exports, the Minister for Agriculture, Mr Doug Brown estimated.

This money now comes out of Fiji’s pocket, not some overseas-based private company.

Harbour study in the Cooks Engineers recently visited Atiu Island in the Cooks to study the possibility of establishing a harbour.

In the team with New Zealand public works engineers Don Haliburton and Donald Matheson were Colonel J.

Harman, chief engineer in the NZ Army, and Squadron Leader R.

Padamson of the RNZAF.

The two defence department engineers also inspected the airstrip on Atiu to see how much work would be necessary to make it capable of carrying C-130 Hercules aircraft. If the strip can be strengthened adequately it is thought army engineers, explosives and heavy equipment could be flown in. • Credit for a gift of $60,000 for a chair of administrative studies at the University of Papua New Guinea was given by PIM (Sept, p 43) to the tobacco firm of W. D. & H. O.

Wills (Aust) Ltd. In fact charity began at home. The giver was its relation, Wills (PNG) Ltd which employs more than 400 Papua New Guineans with less than 10 expatriates. • Wuvulu Holdings Pty Ltd is advertising one acre beachfront blocks on Wuvulu Island, PNG, for $lO,OOO in Sydney newspapers. The company was formed in 1970 to develop the island as an exclusive retreat.

Produce Prices (Unless otherwise stated, quotations are in Australian currency. Australian dollar (September 17) equals New Zealand, $1.0094 (buying), $1.0054 (selling); Fiji $1.1715 (buying), Western Samoa. T 0.9093 (buying); US, $1.4900, $1.4850, UK, 61.7856 np, 61.3308 no; French Pacific 116.73 (buying), 114.95 (selling) FP francs; Tonga unavailable.

COPRA Copra industries are controlled through copra boards in PNG, the Solomons, the GEIC, both Samoas, Fiji, Tonga and the US Trust Territory.

New Hebrides, the Cooks, French Polynesia and New Caledonia don't have boards and copra is either sold individually by growers to overseas buyers or used locally.

NEW GUINEA: The board, with planters' reps, directs distribution and sales and pays planters. Shipments are made to UK, European markets and to Australia and Japan, and coconut oil mills on New Britain.

Latest prices per metric tonne, delivered main ports, were: hot-air dried, $200; FMS, $197; smoke-dried, $195.

FIJI: —The board fixes prices on Philippines copra, taking into account freight, taxes, selling costs, shrinkage, etc. Prices recently were: Ist grade, $258.50; 2nd grade, $248.50; CAS, $227.25.

WESTERN SAMOA: The board makes payments to producers through its agents—local firms—and sells the copra on the open market with a portion to Abels Ltd., NZ. Recent prices per ton fob: Ist quality, $123.50; 2nd quality, $109.50.

TONGA: All copra is sold to the board which sends it to Europe and the open market. Recent prices to growers were T 5198.40 Ist grade, and T 5186.40 2nd grade, per ton.

Per coconut 2.5 seniti.

SOLOMON IS.: —All production through board at prices based on Philippines rates. Output ooes to the UK, Japan, Australia and the rest to the open market. Recent prices were; hotair-dried, $165; smoke-dried, $l5l per ton at BSIP ports (Honiara, Yandina and Gizo).

GILBERT AND ELLICE— 3c per lb (Ist grade); 2c per lb (2nd grade).

NEW HEBRIDES: Copra sold direct by planters to France and Japan. Official market price on August 30 was $9O. Marseilles 134 French francs (per 100 kilos) September 7.

COOK IS.: —Copra goes to Abels, Ltd., of Auckland, who operate NZ's copra crushing mill. Prices for July to September, packed shipping weights f.o.b. were fixed at $NZ177.09 Ist grade, hot-air dried, $NZ175.27 Ist grade, sun-dried, and $NZ173.90 standard grade.

US TRUST TERRITORY: Price per short ton SUS 112.50 (grade 1), SUS 102.50 (grade 2), SUS 92.50 (grade 3), delivered district centres; $lOO.OO (grade 1), $90.00 (grade 2), $BO.OO (grade 3), picked up outer islands.

Other Produce

BECHE-DE-MER: Chang Sing Loong Co., Suva, quote 60c Fijian per lb. (4 in. to 10 in.).

Honiara— Best price paid is $1 per lb dried, for Ist grade; 70 cents per $ for 2nd grade.

CHILLIES. —SoIomons, Honiara, long red dried 12 cents per lb.. Tabasco 22 cents per lb. first grade.

'Bird's eye' (under | in.) sun-dried, FAQ Grade Raba Raba, up to 30 cents per lb (Eastern Papua). Other grades are Long and U/FAQ 15-19 cents per lb.

COCOA. —Islands rates are based on Ghana prices. Ghana price on September 17 (July/September shipment) was spot £stg 677 ton, c.i.f.; UK, Continent.

September 18. In store Rabaul, export quality, $B9O per ton delivered ex wharf Sydney $9BO.

Solomons. —Delivered to Agriculture Dept, offices in Honiara and Auki 25 cents per lb. dried beans first grade, 20 cents second grade.

COFFEE.—PNG: Good quality, A grade, 45c per lb; B grade, 42c, C grade, 40£c, Y grade, 39c (ex-store Sydney).

W. Samoa. —Recently, WSTEC ground ana dried beans, 45 sene per lb (to distributors), 50 sene per lb (to retailers).

CROCODILE SKlNS.—Honiara: $1.89 to $2.25 per inch.

GREEN SNAIL SHELL—I 3-14 cents per lb.

PAPUAN GUM DUMAR.— Steamships Trading Co Ltd, Samarai, quotes SA2OO per long ton FOB Samarai.

PEANUTS. PNG: Sydney agents reported recently f.0.b., Lae,- Kernels—white Spanish 19c lb.

PEARL SHELL. —Torres Strait Pearlshellers' Assn, has no recent quotes. Solomons. — Honiara, mother of pearl blacklip 15c lb.

Cook Islands. —Penrhyn, 20-25 c per lb. del.

Rarotonga 33-35 c per lb. French Polynesia. — Tuamotu, Gambler shells, to $l,OOO per ton, Papeete. Fiji. —3sc per lb.

PYRETHRUM.— NG growers 17c lb, flowers.

RICE (Aust.):— PNG: dried brown, 25 kilo bags, $128.00 per metric tonne. Vitamin enriched white, 25 kilo bags, $141.50 per metric tonne, all f.o.w. Sydney/Melbourne.

Pacific Islands; Calrose med. grain, white, 56 lb bags, $l7O a metric tonne. Kulu long grain white, 56 lb bags, $lB5 a metric tonne.

All prices f.o.w. Sydney/Melbourne.

RUBBER. —PNG prices are based on Singapore rates which on June 1 were: No, 1 RSS (Malayan cents a kilo f.0.b.), July, 191.G0-149 149 .00; August, 185.50-165.00; September, 181.50-162.00.

SANDALWOOD. —New Hebrides, landed on the beach, Vila and Santo, $lBO per ton "on consignment".

SHARKS FINS. Chang Sing Loong Co., Suva, offers 75c per lb for Ist quality, 45c for mixed quality.

TROCHUS.— BSIP 7-10 cents per lb. Fiji 8-9 cents per lb.

TURTLE SHELL.— BSI: No market at present.

VANILLA BEANS. Prices recently were: White and yellow label processed standard packs, $7.50; green label $7.40, c.i.f., Sydnev Tonga.—sT4.2o, f.0.b., Nukualofa; $T4.50, Melbourne.

Uk, Us Quotes

COPRA.— LONDON, August 31, Philippines, in bulk, $U5394.82 per long ton, c.i.f.

Exchange Rates

FlJl.—Through Bank of NSW, ANZ Bank, Bank of NZ, Bank of Baroda, First National City Bank. Sterling £ on Fiji $, buying £1 = $F1.8675, selling £1 = $F1.8925. Aust. $ on Fiji $, buying $A0.8536 = SFI, selling $A0.8708 = SFI.

WESTERN SAMOA.—Through Bank of Western Samoa, controlled from NZ, SWS. Tala 1 = $A1.0997 (buying), $A1.1170 (selling).

NORFOLK IS., PAPUA NEW GUlNEA.—Australian currency used; no exchange payable in transactions with Australia.

FRENCH PACIFIC COLONIES.—Pacific francs (CFP) are used in New Caledonia, New Hebrides (Jointly with Australian dollars), Wallis and Futuna Is., and Fr. Polynesia. French Bank, Sydney, on September 18, quoted: Selling, Noumea and Papeete, Pac francs to the sAust., 114.10 (commercial —export and import transactions), 115.78 (financial)— nearly all other transactions. Paris-London; Buying 10.2500 francs go the £ (commercial); 10.4200 francs to the £ (financial). Also £ = 186.2727 (buying), 186.0909 (selling) Pac. francs; 5.50 CFP to 1 metropolitan franc.

Banks should be approached for daily quotes. 102 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

VB INTEROCEAN-NEW ZEALAND LTD.

Steamship Operators • Agents • Brokers

TELEX. NZ3791 . ANS. BACK: PLYZETIM • TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS: ZEAMARINER WELLINGTON • TELEPHONE: 71-976 • P.O. BOX 3637, WELLINGTON, N.Z.

LEVEL M. WILLIAMS PARKING CENTRE • BOULCOTT STREET, WELLINGTON Shipping & Airways Information SHIPPING

Aust. - West Irian

Karlander New Guinea Line operates cargo service every nine weeks from Sydney to Jayapura.

Details: Karlander (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 19-31 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301).

Sydney - Nz - Fiji/Tahiti - Uk

Chandris Lines maintains a twice-monthly passenger service from Sydney via NZ, Suva or Papeete.

Details trom Chandris Lines, 135 King Street Sydney (28-2451).

Sitmar Line operates a passenger service from Sydney, Melbourne or Brisbane to Southhampton, UK, via NZ, Papeete, Panama and Lisbon and alternatively via South Africa.

Details from Sitmar Line (Australia) Pty. Ltd., 22-30 Bridge Street, Sydney (27-4521).

Sydney - Lord Howe Is. - Norfolk

Is. - New Caledonia - New Hebrides

Karlander operates 19-day service from Sydney to the above ports. Passenger accomnodation available.

Details from Karlander (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. 19- 11 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301).

Chargeurs Caledoniens operates two-weekly :argo service Sydney-Noumea.

Details: Hetherington Kingsbury Pty. Ltd. 17-49 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-1671).

SYDNEY - NZ - FIJI - HAWAII -

Canada - Us

, P and 0 liners call regularly at Auckland, >uva and Honolulu on eastbound and westbound rovages between Sydney and the US; occasional alls at Pago Pago, Tonga, Papeete, Yokohama, hla, Hong Kong, Honiara.

Details from P & 0 Australia Ltd., 55 lunter Street, Sydney (2-0317).

IYDNEY - NZ - FIJI - TONGA - VILA -

Noumea - Samoas - Tahiti

Shaw Savill liners cruise in the Pacific sailing rom Australia and New Zealand calling at uva, Lautoka, Tonga, Vila, Noumea, Pago ago, Tahiti, Apia, Vavau.

Details: Shaw Savill Line, 8a Castlereagn t.. Sydney (28-1481).

Sitmar Line operates a South Pacific cruise rogramme to include the above ports plus NG and the Solomons, Details from Sitmar Line (Australia) Pty. td., 22-30 Bridge Street, Sydney (27-4521).

Australia - New Caledonia ■

New Hebrides

Sofrana-Unilines' ships call regularly at \elbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Noumea, Vila nd Santo.

Details from Sofrana-Unilines, 37-49 Pitt treet, Sydney (27-2031).

Polynesia maintains three-weekly passenger allmgs —Sydney, Noumea, Vila and Santo.

Service temporarily suspended because of nion black ban.

Details from France Australia, 261 George Street, Sydney (241-2872/6)

Australia - Fiji

Sofrana-Unilines operates Melbourne-Fiji monthly and Sydney-Fiji fortnightly.

Details from Sofrana-Unilines, 37 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-2031).

Nauru Pacific Line operates cargo/passenger service to Fiji and South Pacific ports.

Details from Nauru Pacific Line, 227 Collins Street, Melbourne (654-4977); Interocean Swire, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

United Steamships Ltd. operates a monthly service Sydney/Suva and Lautoka.

Details: Hetherington Kingsbury Pty. Ltd., 37-49 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-1671),

Australia - Fiji - Tahiti - Mexico

Karlander (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. operates three weekly cargo services from Melbourne and Sydney for Suva, Lautoka, Papeete and Mexico.

Details from Karlander (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 19- 31 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301); F. H. Stephens Pty. Ltd., 554 Flinders Street, Melbourne (62-3333); Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., Suva and Lautoka.

AUSTRALIA - NEW CALEDONIA -

Fiji - Tahiti

South Pacific United Lines have started this service again, following industrial trouble, to New Caledonia and the New Hebrides.

Details from France-Australia Holdings, 261 George Street, Sydney (241-2872/6).

Australia - Png ■ Bsip

Conpac Pacific Express (Burns Philp and AWP Line) operates three-weekly passengercargo service from Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane to Port Moresby and Lae.

Details from Burns Philp and Co. Ltd. 7 Bridge Street, Sydney (2-0547).

New Guinea Australia Line's vessels operate from Sydney and Brisbane to Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul, Kavieng, Honiara, Kieta, Gizo, Madang and Samarai.

Details from Interocean Swire, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

New Guinea Express Lines with two ships operates three-weekly Melbourne Sydney, Brisbane, Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul.

Details from New Guinea Express Lines, 37 Pitt St., Sydney (241-1396) and 72 Eagle St., Brisbane (21-9333), Westralian Farmers Transport Pty. Ltd., 459 Collins St., Melbourne (35-4366), Breckwoldt's Shipping Agencies In Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul.

Karlander New Guinea Line's two cargo vessels call at Melbourne, Sydney, Brisbane, Lae, Madang, Wewak, Manus, Kimbe.

Details from Karlander (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 19 31 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301).

Australia - Guam Via New Guinea

PORTS Nauru Pacific Line operates regular six weekly cargo services from Tasmania, Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane to Guam via New Guinea ports and returning via inducement ports. Rapid delivery to San Francisco via Guam trans-shipment is available.

Details from Nauru Pacific Line, 227 Collin* Street, Melbourne (654-4977); Interocean Swire, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522); Carpenter Shipping Agencies, New Guinea ports.

Australia - Nauru - Marshall

Islands - Geic

Nauru Pacific Line operates regular monthly cargo/passenger liner service from Melbourne and Sydney to Nauru, Majuro and Tarawa.

Details from Nauru Pacific Line, 227 Collin* Street, Melbourne (654-4977); Interocean Swire, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

Australia - Png - Far East

E. and A. Line passenger ships make monthly round voyages from Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane calling at Port Moresby, Manila, Hong Kong, Keelung, Kobe, Yokohama (Tokyo), and Rabaul.

Details from P & 0 Australia Ltd., 55 Hunter Street, Sydney (2-0317).

Far East - Fiji - New Zealand

New Zealand Unit Express (CNC, MOL, RIL) operates a three-weekly cargo service from Hong Kong to Lautoka, Suva, NZ ports, Manila, Kaoshiung, Keelung, Hong Kong.

Details from Interocean Swire, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

Royal Interocean lines operates monthly passenger/cargo service with three ships from NZ to Bangkok, Pt Kelang, Singapore, Djakarta to Fiji (alt. months) and NZ.

Details from Interocean Australia Services, 26] George Street, Sydney (2-0573); Burns Phllp (SS) Co. Ltd., Suva and Lautoka.

FAR EAST - PNG - BSI - NEW HEBRIDES ■

Noumea - Tahiti - Samoa

China Navigation Co's vessels operate a regular cargo service from Hong Kong to Rabaul, Wewak, Madang, Lae, Port Moresby, Honiara, New Hebrides, Noumea, Papeete and Samoa.

Details from Interocean Swire, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

EUROPE ■ TAHITI - W. SAMOA - FIJI .

N. CALEDONIA • BSIP - PNG - NZ Nedlloyd Lines offers regular sailings by fast, modern cargo vessels from Europe via Panama to Papeete, Apia, Suva, Lautoka, Noumea, Honiara, Port Moresby, Rabaul, Lae, Madang and New Zealand.

Regular sailings by carcarrier from Europe to Papeete, Noumea and Australia.

Details from Interocean Australia Services, 261 George Street, Sydney (2-0573).

North Europe - New Caledonia

Hamburg/Sued operates monthly cargo services from Dunkirk and Le Havre to Noumea, via Panama.

Details from Columbus Overseas Services Pty. Ltd., 333 George Street, Sydney (29-2101).

Messageries Maritimes operates five cargo services a month from north and Mediterranean European ports to Papeete and Noumea.

Details from Messageries Maritimes, 332 Pitt Street, Sydney (61-6664). 103 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

JAPAN - GUAM - FIJI • SAMOA -

N. Caledonia - N. Hebrides

Daiwa Line runs a monthly cargo service from Japan via Guam to Suva, Lautoka, Pago Pago, Apia, Vila, Santo and Noumea.

Details from Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., Suva.

NEW ZEALAND - COOK IS.

Lorena, owned by Cook Islands Shipping Co.

Ltd., operates three-weekly freight service between Auckland and Rarotonga with occasional calls at Aitutaki and Lyttleton.

Details; Silk and Boyd, Bo* 131, Rarotonga, or CIS Co., Box 448, Auckland.

NZ • FIJI • TONGA • SAMOAS ■

Niue Is. - Tahiti

Union Steam Ship Co of New Zealand operates a fully containerised service Auckland, Suva, Pago Pago, Apia and Nukualofa every 14 days.

A service is operated Auckland, Tauranga, Lautoka, Suva, Apia, Nukualofa, Auckland approximately every four weeks.

Papeete, Niue, Pago Pago, Apia, Nukualofa, Auckland are serviced at 26 day intervals.

A weekly service is operated by the Company from Onehunga to Suva and Lautoka.

Details from any office of the Union Steam Ship Co., Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Auckland.

NZ ■ NORFOLK - N. CALEDONIA - AUST.

USS Co. vessels operate 26-day cargo service Onehunga, Suva, Norfolk Is., Bundaberg, Onehunga.

Details from Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ Ltd., PO Box 12, Auckland.

NZ - N. CALEDONIA - N. HEBRIDES • FIJI - WALLIS IS. - NG - BSIP Sofrana Unilines with four ships operates to Vila and Santo; to Honiara and New Guinea; and to Noumea.

Details from Sofrana-Unillnes, 42 Customs Street, Auckland (73-279), P.O. Box 3614.

NZ - FIJI - US Crusader cargo ships call at Levuka and Honolulu on NZ-US west coast trips.

Details from Blue Star Port Lines (Management) Ltd., P.O. Box 192, Wellington (7-0179).

NZ • FIJI Jean Philippe operates a regular 18 day service from Auckland to Suva and Lautoka.

Details from Reef Shipping Agencies Ltd., P.O. Box 13-315, Onehunga, NZ. (Phone 663- 918, 663-928).

Nz - Tahiti

USS Co. operates a 26-day service from Auckland to Papeete.

Details from Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ Ltd., PO Box 12, Auckland.

Tonga - Samoa - Fiji • Australia

Pacific Navigation Company Ltd. operates monthly cargo service between Nukualofa, Apia, Suva and Lautoka to Sydney.

Details from Burns Philp and Co. Ltd., 7 Bridge Street, Sydney (2-0547).

Uk • Panama - Samoa - Fiji

The Fiji Direct Service, cargo only, is maintained by Conference vessels, sailing at regular monthly intervals out of London, via Panama, for Apia, Suva and Lautoka.

Details from Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., Suva.

UK - PNG - BSIP - GEIC - N. HEBRIDES - N. CALEDONIA Bank Line operates a monthly direct caroo service from Europe, via the Panama Canal to Papeete, Noumea, major PNG ports and Honiara, occasionally to Tarawa, Vila, Santo, Kieta, Jayapura and Yandina.

Details from Bank Line (A'asia) Pty. Ltd., 269 George St., Svdney (27-2041).

Us/Japan - Micronesia

Transpacific Lines Inc., with several interisland cargo ships, and in connection with Pacific Far East Line, Inc., operates regular cargo services from the US West Coast/ Honolulu/Japan and major Far Eastern ports and Guam to all major Micronesian ports, including Saipan, Yap, Koror, Ponape, Truk, Kusaie, Ebeye and Majuro.

Details from Transpacific Lines, Inc., PO Box 468, Saipan, Mariana Islands. 96950.

Us - Hawaii/Samoa - Australia

Pacific Far East Line operates monthly service from Pacific coast ports to Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Burnie, Auckland, Pago Pago, Papeete, Honolulu, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Vancouver and Pacific northwest ports. No passenger service.

Details from PFEL, 50 Young Street, Sydney (27-4272).

Us - Sydney - Geic - Honolulu

Columbus Lines operates a three weekly cargo sailing from West Coast, US to Australasia, returning via Tarawa, GEIC and Honolulu to Nth. America.

Details from Columbus Overseas Services Pty.

Ltd., 333 George Street, Sydney (29-2101).

Us • Fiji/Tahiti - Australia

Bank Line Ltd. operates regular cargo services from US Gulf ports to Australia and NZ.

Calls at Suva, Lautoka and Papeete on demand.

Details from Bank Line (A/asia) Pty. Ltd., 269 George Street, Sydney (27-204' Pacific Far East Line cruise ships operate regularly from San Francisco, Los Angeles, Honolulu, Moorea, Papeete, Rarotonga, Auckland, Sydney, and return via Suva, Niuafoou, Pago Pago and Honolulu to San Francisco.

Details from PFEL, 50 Young Street, Sydney (27-4272).

Us - Tahiti - Samoa

Pacific Islands Transport operates a monthly cargo service from North American west coast ports to Papeete, Pago Pago, Apia.

Details from Trans-Austral Shipping Pty.

Ltd., 19 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-2441).

Cook Is. • Tahiti

Silk and Boyd Ltd. operates cargo/passenger service from Rarotonga to Tahiti.

Details: Silk and Boyd, Rarotonga, Ets Donald, Papeete.

AIRWAYS

Trans Pacific Services

Sydney - Fiji • Tahiti • Mexico

Qantas, with 7075, operates twice weekly out of Sydney to Mexico City via Nadi, Papeete and Acapulco.

Sydney - Fiji - Tahiti - Canada

Qantas, with 7075, operates weekly service out of Sydney.

Sydney • Fiji - Hawaii - Canada

CP Air, with DCS, operates twice weekly services out of Sydney.

SYDNEY - NZ - HAWAII - US Air-NZ, with DClO's and DCB's operates from Sydney to Los Angeles, via Auckland and Honolulu four times weekly.

SYDNEY - NZ - TAHITI ■ US Air-NZ, with DCBs, operates from Sydney to Los Angeles, via Auckland and Tahiti twice weekly.

Sydney - Fiji - Hawaii - Us

Qantas operates four times weekly and return between Sydney and San Francisco via Fi|i and Honolulu with 74785; 707 s operate three times weekly and return to San Francisco via Honolulu. Additional 707 services Sydney/Nadi Tues. and Sat. and return.

BOAC, with VClOs, operates from Melbourne and Sydney to Los Angeles and return five times a week.

Sydney - Fiji • Hawaii

American Airlines, with 7075, operates three daylight flights from Sydney to Nadi and Honolulu and return.

SYDNEY or NOUMEA - US (via FIJI, NZ or TAHITI) UTA operates out of Sydney three times weekly, and return.

SYDNEY - US (via N. CAL, FIJI, HAWAII) PanAm, with 7475, arrives Sydney from Los Angeles, via Honolulu and Nadi three times weekly and leaves on return flight the same days.

PanAm, with 707 s operates four days a week return trans-Pacific service out of Sydney to Los Angeles, via Noumea and Honolulu.

Mon., Wed., Fri. flights to Australia go to Melbourne and return to Sydney the same day.

Mon.

Brisbane - Fiji

Qantas operates a 707 direct from Brisbane to Fiji on Sat. and Fiji to Brisbane on Sun.

Melbourne • Fiji • Us

Qantas with 707 s and 747 s operates Melbourne/San Francisco via Fiji and Hpnolulu three times weekly; weekly 707 service on Sun. to San Francisco via Honolulu.

Melbourne - Fiji - Hawaii

American Airlines, with 7075, operates weekly daylight flights from Melbourne and return.

Melbourne - Nz • Tahiti - Hawaii - Us

Air-NZ, with DCBs, operates weekly from Melbourne to Los Angeles via Auckland and Tahiti, returning via Honolulu.

Nz - Am. Samoa • Tahiti Or

Hawaii - Us

PanAm, with 707 s operates out of Auckland via Tahiti three times weekly, and twice via American Samoa. Out of American Samoa, PanAm operates to the States three times weekly and out of Tahiti to the States four times weekly.

Auckland • Fiji • Hawaii

American Airlines, with 7075, operates out of Auckland to Honolulu, via Nadi and return three times weekly.

NZ - FIJI - HAWAII - US Air-NZ, with DClO's operates , weekly from Auckland to Los Angeles, via Fiji and Hawaii and returns same day.

Fiji - Am. Samoa - Hawaii

American Airlines, with 7075, operates out of Honolulu to Nadi daily (two fl| 9 h ts Xja Pago Pago), and from Nadi to Honolulu daily (two flights via Pago Pago).

Australia-Far East

Sydney - Png - Far East

Qantas operates a weekly 707 service from Brisbane to Hong Kong and return, and a weekly service from Hong Kong to ron Moresby and return.

Pacific-Far East

Nauru - Micronesia - Japan

Air Nauru operates a weekly service Nauru- Ponape-Guam-Okinawa-Kagoshima and return, with a Fokker F2B jet.

Details; Air Nauru, Nauru Government Office, 227 Collins St., Melbourne.

Japan - Tahiti - Peru

Air-France, with 7075, operates twice weekly Tokyo-Lima via Papeete, and return.

Australia-Pacific Islands

(For other schedules touching these islands ;ee also trans-Pacific services).

Melbourne - Noumea - Honiara

Nauru ■ Tarawa And Majuro

Air Nauru operates a twice-weekly service Me Ibourne-Brisbane-Noumea-Hon,, a * 2 return, using a Fokker F2B let Extra services are operated twice weekly to Maiuro ana fortnightly to Tarawa and return. t 0 Details: Air Nauru, Nauru Government Office, 227 Collins St., Melbourne.

Sydney - Fiji

Air-lndia, with 7075, operates weekly Sydney to Nadi and return.

Brisbane ■ Honiara

Air Pacific, with BACI-ll operates weekly Honiara to Brisbane and return.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— OCTOBER, 1973

Daiwa Line

m m

Direct Monthly Service

Japan-Guam-South Pacific

Guam-Tarawa-Suva-Nukualofa-Lautoka

Papeete-Pago Pago-Apia-Noumea-Santo-Vila

-HONIARA

Japan-West Irian-Dili

Hongkong-Djajapura-Biak-Manokwari

Sorong-Dili

FLEET "FIJI MARU" D/W 9.840 T "ELLICE MARU" 9.935 T "SAMOA MARU N 0.2" 9,7811 "PALAU MARU" 6.494 T TACOMA MARU" 30,9527 "PAPEETE" 11,9777 "RYUKAI MARU" 3.787 T "BAUXITE FIJI" 16.159 T "BIAK MARU" 6.430 T "HIEI MARU" 25,2287 AGENTS: GUAM: Atkins, Kroll (Guam) Ltd.

TARAWA: G. & E. I. Development Authority.

APIA: Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

PAGO PAGO: Kneubuhl Maritime Services Corp.

NUKUALOFA: Pacific Navigation Co., Ltd.

SUVA: Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.. Ltd.

LAUTOKA: Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

NOUMEA: Agence Maritime et Aerienne Caledonienne.

SANTO: Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Ltd.

VILA: Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Ltd.

HONIARA: British Solomons Trading Company Ltd.

PAPEETE: Societe Acconage Tahitien.

HONG KONG: Ike Maritime Co., Ltd.

SINGAPORE: The Borneo Company (Singapore) Ltd.

DJAJAPURA: P. N. Pelajaran Nasional Indonesia.

BIAK: P. N Pelajaran Nasional Indonesia.

SORONG: P. N. Pelajaran Nasional Indonesia.

DILI: Sang Tai Hoo.

THE DAIWA NAVIGATION CO., LTD.

Osaka: "Dailine"Tokyo: "Funedailine"

HEAD OFFICE: TOKYO OFFICE: 25-1, 4-CHOME, MINAMIKYUTARO- No. 20, 3-CHOME KANDA-NISHIKI-CHO MACHI, HIGASHI-KU, OSAKA CHIYODAKU, TOKYO.

TEL. OSAKA (244) 1281/90. TEL. TOKYO (292) 2441-5.

SYDNEY - LORD HOWE IS.

Airlines of NSW, with flying-boats, operates three times weekly return services from Rose Bay, Sydney, to Lord Howe.

Sydney - New Caledonia

Qantas and UTA operate Sydney to Noumea four times weekly and return.

Australia - New Zealand

BOAC, with VClOs, operates weekly Sydney to Auckland and return.

SYDNEY - NORFOLK IS.

Qantas, with DC4s, operates three times weekly. More in holiday periods.

Australia - Png

TAA and Ansett, with 727 s or DC9s, operate 7 times a week from Brisbane, Sydney or Melbourne to Pt. Moresby.

Mon., TAA DC9 T Jet service operates Townsville via Cairns, for Port Moresby, returning on Tue., via Cairns, Townsville, Mackay, Brisbane to Sydney. Tue., TAA DC9 Port Moresby to Honiara direct and returning same day. On Thurs., TAA Fokkers fly Townsville, Cairns, Port Moresby and return same day to Brisbane.

Ansett, with a DC9 and Fokker, operates Cairns - Port Moresby - Cairns - Townsville twice weekly.

TAA has Fokker, DCS and Twin Otter aircraft available for charter.

NEW ZEALAND-PACIFIC IS. (See also trans-Pacific services).

NZ - AM. SAMOA PanAm, with 7075, operates from Auckland to Pago Pago and return twice weekly.

NZ - FIJI Air-NZ operates a daily service to Nadi and return.

NZ - FIJI ■ AM. SAMOA Air-NZ, with DCBs, operates to Pago Pago via Nadi and return twice weekly.

Nz - Tahiti

UTA, with DC.B-62, operates from Auckland and return twice weekly.

Air-NZ, with DCBs, operates twice weekly from Auckland and return.

Nz - New Caledonia

UTA operates weekly from Auckland on Sat. and returns on Sat.

Air-NZ, with DCBs, operates from Auckland- Noumea on Thursday and returns the same day.

NZ • NORFOLK IS.

Air-NZ, with chartered DC4 operates to Norfolk Is. every Sunday. A Qantas service returns every Saturday.

Auckland - Sydney - Singapore

Air-NZ leaves Auckland via Sydney for Singapore twice weekly and returns same days.

Auckland - Sydney - Hong Kong

Air-NZ operates to Hong Kong from Auckland via Sydney twice weekly. Return service operates same day via Brisbane.

Nadi - Rarotonga

Air-NZ, with chartered HS74B, operates from Nadi to Rarotonga every Sunday, and returns same day.

Inter - Territory Services

Tahiti - Easter Is. - Chile

LAN-Chile, with 7075, operates weekly from Santiago to Papeete. Stopover Easter Is. each way.

Fiji - Geic

Air Pacific, with 7485, operates from Suva to Tarawa via Nadi and Funafuti on Wednesdays and alternate Sundays and returns to Suva via Funafuti and Nadi on Thursdays and alternate Mondays.

Geic • Nauru

Air Pacific and Air Nauru each operate fortnightly between Nauru and Tarawa.

NAURU - MARSHALL IS.

Air Nauru makes a twice-weekly fliaht Nauru- Majuro and return with a Fokker F2B jet.

Details: Air Nauru, 227 Collins St., Melbourne. 105 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1873

nediioyd Koninklijke Nedlloyd bv

Regular Sailings By Fast, Modern, Cargo Vessels

from EUROPE via PANAMA to PAPEETE, APIA, SUVA, LAUTOKA, NOUMEA, HONIARA, PORT MORESBY, RABAUL, LAE, MADANG and NEW ZEALAND.

REGULAR SAILINGS BY CARCARRIER from EUROPE to PAPEETE, NOUMEA and AUSTRALIA. other ports called at subject to sufficient inducement heavy-lift facilities —refrigerated space—cargo deeptanks Ets. Donald Tahiti, Papeete.

Island Transport Ltd., Lautoka.

For further particulars apply to agents Russell & Somers (Wellington) Island Transport Ltd., Interocean Swire Pty. Ltd., Ltd., Wellington, N.Z. Suva. Sydney.

O. F. Nelson & Co. Ltd., Agence Maritime et Aerienne Caledonienne Apia. S.A. A.M.A.C., Noumea.

Breckwoldt & Co. (5.1.) Ltd., Carpenter Shipping Agencies, Honiara. Port Moresby, Rabaul, Lae, Madang.

The Bank Line

Monthly Services

U.K., CONTINENT to PAPUA-NEW GUINEA & SOLOMON ISLANDS PAPUA, NEW GUINEA to NORTH AMERICA & U.K., CONTINENT SOLOMON ISLANDS, FIJI, TONGA, SAMOA AND TARAWA to U.K., CONTINENT ☆ U.S. GULF/AUSTRALASIA VESSELS CALL AT FIJI WHEN REQUIRED / FOR PARTICULARS APPLY;

Bank Line (Australasia) Pty. Ltd., Sydney. N.S.W

106 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY —OCTOBER, 1973

Pacific Islands Transport Line

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S —Sandefjord, Norway.

Motor Vessel "Thorsisle"

Regular Freight and Passenger Services between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and TAHITI and SAMOA GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION LTD.

General Agents 400 California Street, San APlA—Burns Philp (South Sea) Company.

Ltd.

PAPEETE Agenee Maritime Internationale Tahiti.

PAGO PAGO—G, H. C. Reid & Co.

NOUMEA—Etablissements Ballande.

Francisco, California, U.S.A.

SYDNEY—Trans-Austral Shipping Pty. Ltd.

SUVA —Burns Philp (South Sea) Company, Ltd.

LAE/RABAUL—Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd.

PORT VILA Comptoirs Francais de Nouvelles Hebrides.

UNION STEAM SHIP CO. of N.Z.

LIMITED Serving the Pacific for nearly 100 years.

Regular Sailings by Modern Vessels From Auckland to Lautoka, Suva, Pago Pago, Apia, Niue, Vavau, Nukualofa. Also from Tauranga to Lautoka, Suva, Apia, Nukualofa. Regular sailings from Australia to New Zealand to enable transhipment of cargo to all the above ports.

Ship your cargo by a Union Company Vessel.

BRANCHES AT ALL MAIN AUSTRALIAN, NEW ZEALAND AND ISLAND PORTS.

Fiji - Western Samoa

Air Pacific, with BAC 1-1 Is, operates one service a week from Suva to Apia, returning the same day. This flight crosses the International dateline.

Polynesian Airlines, with 7485, operates three services a week.

Papua New Guinea - Singapore

Qantas, using 7075, operates weekly from Port Moresby to Singapore via Darwin and return.

Western Samoa - Tonga

Polynesian Airlines, with 7485, operates three services weekly from Apia to Tonga.

FIJI - N. HEBRIDES - BSIP -

P. Moresby - Brisbane

Air Pacific, with BAC 1-lls, operates from Suva on Sun., Wed. and Fri., via Nadi to Vila and Honiara, the Sunday service extending to Port Moresby, returning Mon., and the Friday service extending to Brisbane, with return Saturday. Flights depart Honiara on Mon., Wed. and Sat. for Suva,

Fiji - Tonga

Air Pacific with 748 s operates from Suva to Nukualofa five times a week.

Fiji - Wallis/Futuna

Fiji Air Services operates charter services to Wallis and Futuna Is.

Details: Fiji Air Services. P.O. Box 1259 Suva (22-666).

FIJI - W. SAMOA - COOK IS.

Polynesian Airlines (chartered by Air-NZ) with HS74Bs, operates weekly from Nadi o Rarotonga, via Apia (technical stop), returnng via Aitutaki and Apia. These flights cross he international dateline.

Hawaii - Am. Samoa - Tahiti

PanAm, with 7075, operates from Honolulu o Pago Pago five times weekly; to Tahiti lirect twice weekly. PanAm, with 707 s iperates to San Francisco from Papeete via lonolulu twice weekly; to San Francisco via ’ago Pago and Honolulu twice weekly. Papeete lights operate from San Francisco via Honolulu md Pago Pago twice weekly and to Papeete rom San Francisco via Los Angeles four times weekly.

Hawaii - Micronesia - Okinawa

Continental-Air Micronesia with 727 s operates rom Honolulu three times weekly via Midway fuel stop only), Kwajalein, Majuro, Ponape, ruk, Guam and Saipan; weekly to Okinawa rom Guam and Saipan.

New Caledonia - Fiji

UTA operates out of Noumea to Nadi and eturn twice weekly.

New Caledonia - New Hebrides

UTA, with Caravelles, operates five return ervices a week, out of Noumea to Vila.

NEW CAL. - WALLIS IS. - NEW CAL.

UTA, with Caravelles, operates on the first, econd and third Tues. of each month from loumea.

New Guinea - Irian/Jaya

TAA operates [TC3s Madang to Jayapura and eturn alt. Tues.

Merpati DC3 Jayapura-Lae alternate Tuesays, returning Lae-Jayapura Wednesdays.

Png - Solomons

Air Pacific, with BAC 1-11, operates Sundays omara to Port Moresby and Mondays Port loresby to Honiara.

TAA operates DCg and DC3 aircraft three imes weekly. Tuesday aircraft leaves Port loresby for Honiara returning same day for ort Moresby and continues to Cairns, Townsille, Mackay, Brisbane and Sydney. Twice eekly aircraft leave Rabaul for Honiara via uka, Kieta, Munda and Yandina, returninq mowing days.

TAA Fokker Friendship leaves Port Moresby irect for Kieta four times weekly and returns ia Rabaul, Lae, Buka.

Tahiti - Us

UTA, with DC 10, operates from Papeete four mes weekly.

PanAm with 7075, operates regular return srvices to San Francisco, via Los Angeles; » San Francisco, via Honolulu; and to San 'ancisco, via Pago Pago and Honolulu.

W. Samoa - Am. Samoa

Polynesian Airlines, with 7485, operates between Apia and Pago Pago twenty times weekly.

Tonga - Niue - W. Samoa

Polynesian Airlines, with 7485, operates weekly service from Tonga to Apia via Niue.

TAHITI - COOK IS.

Air Tahiti with Piper Aztec, operates charter service from Papeete to Rarotonga.

Details from Air Polynesie, P.O. Box 314, Quai Bir Hakeim, Papeete, and UTA offices.

Internal Services

FIJI Air Pacific, with HS74Bs, BAC 1-lls and Herons operates regular services to Labasa, Taveuni, Nadi, Suva and Savusavu.

Fiji Air Services, with Britten-Norman Islander and Beechcraft Baron aircraft, operates services to Castaway and Plantation village resorts. The Fijian hotel, Korolevu Beach hotel, Flagship Beachcomber hotel, Levuka, Lakeba, Vatukola. Charter flights operate to anywhere in the Pacific.

Details: Fiji Air Services, P.O. Box 1259, Suva (telephone 22-666).

French Polynesia

Air Polynesie, with Fokker F 27 Friendship, DC4s, Twin Otters and Islanders, operates to Bora Bora, Huahine, Moorea, Rangiroa, Raiatea, Manihi, Marquesas, Maupiti and Tubuai, Austral Islands.

Details from Air Polynesie, P.O. Box 314, Quai Bir Hakeim, Papeete, and UTA offices.

Air Tahiti, with light aircraft operates shuttle service from Papeete to Moorea and charter service to Raiatea, Bora Bora, Huahine, Rangiroa and Manihi. 107 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1873

Dunlite Generating Sets

SSnd 0 »Jt o Schiev EME nt give you totally reliable A.C. power and plenty of it!

DUNLITE PORTABLE

Power Packs

Dunlite provides “on-the-job” power for any project! Dunlite 240 volt A.C. Power Packs weigh as little as 80 lbs., have capacities ranging from 500 watts (Va K.V.A.) to 5 K.V.A., and are made by Australia’s largest and most experienced generating set manufacturers. Available with either petrol or diesel engine, Dunlite Power Packs provide the world’s most dependable portable electric power.

J Enjoy all the comforts of a city power supply. Dunlite A.C. generating sets provide full 240 volt power to your home so you can use any electrical appliances at all. Famous Dunlite generating sets are powered by diesel engines of world-wide renown, and have output capacities from 2 K.V.A. to 350 K.V.A. You’ll get years of trouble-free operation from your Dunlite generating set, plus the comfort and convenience of an ample supply of electric power. *BELOW: Dunlite 6 K.V.A. Brushless Alternator Plant, powered by Lister SR2 Diesel Engine.

P*WtY|DUNUTt

Electrical Company

Oiviwan Of M Inoustriu

*See your local Dunlite Dealer or mail this coupon.

To: DUNLITE ELECTRICAL COMPANY, 2-22 HARGREAVES ST., HUNTINGDALE, VICTORIA, 3166, AUSTRALIA.

Please post details of Dunlite Generating Sets.

Name Address - DP5669/V Save hundreds of dollars on Australians most efficient

Walk In, Aluminium

Coolrooms And

Freeze Rooms

Hundreds already installed! The most economical supplementary coolrooms for bottles and food, providing the largest storage capacity of any comparable coolrooms of the same exterior dimensions. Five sizes —from 90-360 cu. ft. capacity; 16 models offering normal temp., two temp., deep freeze, or for pastry and ice storage applications. White vinyl interior, embossed rustproof aluminium exterior. • SUPPLIED IN EASY-TO-ERECT, DO-IT-YOURSELF KIT FORM

• Petrol And Petrol-Electric Models Are Available

For Areas Where Power Is Limited Or Non-Existent

Available from: AUSTRALIAN NEW CALEDONIA EXPORTS (SILVER & BARDA), 363 George St., Sydney, 2000 and Branches.

BRECKWOLDT & CO., 276 Pitt St., Sydney, 2000 and Branches.

PETER FISHER TRADING PTY. LTD., 321 Pitt St., Sydney, 2000.

HAGEMEYER (A'SIA), 59 Anzac Pde., Kensington, 2033 and Branches.

Manufactured by: KERR BROS, 65 York St., Sydney, 2000.

NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., 197 Clarence St., Sydney 2000.

RABAUL TRADING CO. PTY. LTD., P.O. Box 219, Rabaul and Branches.

ROY GALLIMORE & ASSOCIATES, P.O. Box 179, Vila New Hebrides C. SULLIVAN (EXPORT) PTY. LTD., 60 Margaret St., Sydney, 2000 and w ran s C CS fAIT & CO. PTY. LTD., 31 Macquarie Place, Sydney, 2000 and Branches.

Warburton Frank!

199 Parramatta Road, Cnr. Skarratt Street, Auburn, N.S.W. 2144, Australia. Phone: 648-1711.

Powered by Kelvinator.

Five-year warranty on compressor. Early delivery. 108 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

More Ports / More Often

with KARLMKVOER KARLANDER NEW GUINEA LINE: Serving; Ft. Moresby, Samarai, Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Wewak, Manus Is., Kieta, Honiara, Yandina, Gizo, Vila, Norfolk Is., and Lord Howe Is.

KARLANDER KANGAROO LINE: Serving; Los Angeles, San Francisco, Auckland, Melbourne, Suva, Lautoka.

AUSTRALIAN TERRITORY LINER SERVICES: Serving; Melbourne, Sydney, Newcastle, Brisbane, Weipa, Gove, Thursday Is.

Managing Agents

Karlander (Australia) Pty. Limited

19-31 Pitt Street, Sydney General Agents Brisbane: F. H. Stephens Pty. Ltd.

Melbourne: F. H. Stephens (Vic.) Pty. Ltd.

Pt. Moresby: Carpenter Shipping Agencies.

Samarai: Burns Philp (N.G.) Ltd.

San Francisco; Transpacific Transportation Co.

Los Angeles; Transpacific Transportation Co.

Madang; B. J. Back Pty. Ltd.

Yandina: Levers Pacific Plantations Co. Ltd.

Santo: Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

Lord Howe Is.: R. Wilson Leanda Lei.

Thursday Is.: Torres Industries Ltd.

Manus Is.: Edgell & Whiteley Ltd.

Rabaul: Rabaul Trading Co. Ltd.

Honiara: E. V. Lawson Pty. Ltd.

Kieta: Breckwoldt & Co. Pty. Ltd.

Lae: N.G.G. Trading Company.

Wewak: Burns Philp (N.G.) Ltd.

Fiji: Burns Philp (S.S.) Ltd.

Gizo: British Solomon Trading Co.

Vila: Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

Norfolk Is.: Burns Philp (S.S.) Ltd.

MR MATTHIAS TOLIMAN, CBE More than 10,000 people attended ic funeral in Rabaul on September of Mr Matthias Tutulava Toliman, eader of the Opposition in the PNG ouse of Assembly, who died sudmly of a heart attack in Port [oresby on September 6. He was I PNG leaders paid high tribute to r Toliman’s wisdom, tolerance and rength, to his integrity and to his instructive work in helping PNG lity at a critical period in the »untry’s history.

“He was a distinguished statesman id a man who had Papua New uinea at heart,” said the Chief inister, Mr Michael Soma re. The dministrator, Mr L. W. Johnson, id: “He was a frank and generous :rson to supporter and opponent ike. He was never one to oppose r the sake of opposing.”

Mr Toliman came from Bitakapuk ar Rabaul, and was a third genera-

Papua New Guinea

FAA and Ansett operate throughout Papua n Guinea.

Aerial Tours operates in Central, Western, It and Sepik districts. r.A.L. (GV) —Territory Airlines Pty Limited operates scheduled services and charter hts from Goroka, Kundiawa, Madang, Wewak, limo, Mt. Hagen, Mendi to Highlands, Sepik I Coastal areas. Talco Territory Travel Seri of Papua New Guinea—Twin Otter Tourist hts throughout Papua New Guinea. : urther details from T.A.L., P.O. Box 108, oka, Papua New Guinea.

Aacair throughout Papua New Guinea.

Bougainville Air Services operates daily Dughout Bougainville. There are three /ices Kieta-Buin. Details: Arawa, Phone *■ls9; Buka, Phone 16. Box 298, PO, Kieta.

New Caledonia

Ur Caledonie, with Twin Otters, and Isders operates regular services to Houai- , Isle of Pines, Isle Ouen, Kone, Koumac, 3u, Mare, Noumea, Ouvea Touho, Mueo, en, Tiga. >etails from Air Caledonie, Noumea

New Hebrides

*ir Melanesiae with Britten-Norman Islanders Trislander operates to Santo, Malekula sup and Lamap), Aoba (Walaha and Longana), tecost (Lonorore), Erromanga, Tongoa, ityum, Tanna, Epi, Sola and Vila. Direct nections are available to and from Santo all international flights arriving in Vila, details from Air Melanesiae, P.O. Box 72, 3.

Solomon Islands

lOlair, with Beech Barons and Islanders rates to Auki, Avu Avu, Babanakira, Baraia. Bellona Is., Fera Is., Gizo, Honiara, Kira i, Marau, Munda, Parasi, Sege, Yandina, ta Cruz, Mono, Rennell Is., Choiseul Bay alae and Ringi Cove. •etails from Solomon Islands Airways Ltd 23, Honiara, BSIP TONGA onga Tourist and Development Cos, with ten-Norman Islander and Aztec aircraft, rates between Fua'amotu, (airport for ualofa) and Vava'u Monday to Saturday, /ice soon between Fua'amotu and Eua. :raft available for sightseeing and regional rters etails from Tonga Tourist and Development P 0 Box 91, Nukualofa, Tonga.

DEATHS tion traditional leader. He was detained by the Japanese in World War 11. He gained a teacher’s certificate after the war and taught for the Roman Catholic mission for 18 years, being elected to the first House of Assembly in 1964. He was under secretary for education and local government in that first House, and Ministerial Member for Education in the second House.

He was always extraordinarily hard-working with his education portfolios, and as Opposition leader he had been a sound and restraining influence on the government.

He leaves a wife and seven children. For Percy Chatterton’s tribute, see p 8.

Dr Fatupaito Atoa One of Western Samoa’s bestknown doctors, Dr Fatupaito Atoa has died at Tanugamanono aged 65.

Mr B. S. Sharan Mr Bhawani Samuel Sharan, who arrived in Fiji as an indentured labourer in 1902, died recently in Suva, aged 96.

Mr Loisio Simeona Mr Loisio Simeona, 38, a senior medical assistant with the GEIC Medical Department, died suddenly recently at Onotoa while on an official visit to the island.

Mr F. Emberson Mr Felix Emberson, a prominent Suva builder for many years, died recently in Tonga, where he went to live in retirement. He was 72. Mr Emberson was bom in Tonga, but lived most of his life in Fiji, where he was educated.

Admiral A. W. Radford Admiral Arthur W. Radford, formerly High Commissioner in the US Trust Territory, died recently in the Bethesda Naval Hospital, US, aged 77. He was a famous figure in the Pacific during World War 11, and later during the war in Korea. 109 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

§s) LnnJ §s) Lnnl P 3 i i LnnJ 1 1 For Warm and Friendly Samoan Hospitality Apia, Western Samoa Phone: 880. Cable; 'Aggies'.

Tariff includes all meals.

FIJI Ite I irk *fn . m m mm #5 ■ ¥S<&

Namale Plantation

ESCAPE

From The Ordinary

Here is an idyllic paradise where you can •enjoy the unspoiled beauty and serenity of a working coconut plantation. This privatelyowned Pacific retreat has been designed for a maximum of 16 people. Gracious surroundings, friendly service, relaxed 'Bure' accommodation overlooking the sea with individual balconies and private facilities. Licensed cocktail bar. Entire plantation available to groups of 14-16 people.

Activities available include: Deep sea fishing, reef and shell hunting, skin diving, snorkelling, water skiing, hiking, turf tennis court, badminton, horse riding, croquet course and a beautiful tropical garden to relax in. Sports equipment available on a complimentary basis include aquascopes, snorkelling and fishing equipment, inflatable rafts, tennis racquets etc. Coastal tours by boat or mini-bus on request. Boats for hire. Baby sitting service also available.

Write for a Free Brochure to: THE MANAGER, NAMALE PLANTATION, SAVUSAVU, FIJI.

Or: Namale Plantation, P.O. Box 64, Suva, Fiji. beachcomber hotel

Pacific Harbour, Fiji

Sophistication in the midst of uninhabited natural beauty.

Nestled snugly in a reef-protected bay on 5 miles of classical palm fringed Deuba beach. Far enough from Fiji's capital, Suva, to forget the worries of city life. Near enough to take in the colour and the Duty Free Bazaars.

Every suite is self-contained and airconditioned. The cuisine is as the service, superb.

PO Box 216, Suva. Telephone; Navua 43.

Telex 2324. Cables: FLAGTELS, Fiji. For reservations or information contact your travel agent.

Primitive luxury (Polynesian style) Nestled away in the untouched Kingdom of Tonga is new, luxurious "Port of Refuge" International resort. Here is a unique opportunity for your clients to experience the tranquil and relaxed Tongan atmosphere while they enjoy the picturesque surroundings of the new "Port of Refuge". And only a short flight from Fiji.

Reasonable tariffs from $17.50 with special concessions for children. Agents commission 10 per cent.

Tonga's Port of Refuge JM. international resort Uava’u Tonfia Cables: “Refuge” Tonga or “Tongatours” Sydney Phone: Sydney 85-1603 or 221-3799 In Lae stay at the Huon Gulf Motel FOR THE BEST OF EVERYTHING.

BOOK DIRECT OR THROUGH ANY OFFICE OF ANSETT AIRLINES.

Huon Gulf Motel MARKHAM ROAD, LAE. PHONE: 42-4844.

A Division of Ansett Transport Industries Limited.

Park View Motel—Brisbane

Quiet location—opp. Botanic Gardens.

Single, double, family suites, all with refrig., air conditioning, phone, TV, radio, tea making facilities, from $lO. Pool and restaurant.

Phone 31-2695—Telex 40270.

Write for coloured brochure — Park View Motel, 128 Alice St, BRISBANE, Old., 4000. 110 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— OCTOBER, 1973

Line Advertisements Per line, $1.15 Aust., Minimum rate. 4 lines mana IfUMD Mana Island: 300 acres of lush, tropical vegetation surrounded by miles of palm fringed beach and sheltered lagoons.

Recreation: Snorkelling, scuba, skiing, spear, bottom and deep sea fishing, swimming excursions. Modest charges.

Accommodation: Resort hotel, secluded accommodation in 60 individual Fijiantype cottages. Self-contained bures with shower, toilet, refrigerator, tea and coffee facilities and exhaust fans.

International Standard Restaurant: Fijian and Continental cuisine. Terrace dancing to Fijian Band. Beach Bars - Feast Nights.

Facilities: Island shop, travel agent, hairdresser, child minding and first aid.

Tariff: Single occupancy: SFIB.OO Double occupancy: $F22.00 Triple occupancy: $F26.00 Children under 12: Half Rate Babies in cot: Free Duplex Bure from: $F42.00 Rates subject to change.

Pre paid tours through agents.

Transport: Bus or taxi Nadi to Lautoke (Bus fare 80c). SFB.OO return by fast 90' cruiser Lautoka to Mana Island.

Schedule: Dep. Lautoka 9.30 a.m. Arr.

Mana 11.20 a.m. Dep. Mana 3.30 p.m.

Arr. Lautoka 5.20 p.m. Water Taxi subject to reservations; $F6.00 per person one way, a minimum $F45.00 per trip.

CHECK OUT TIME - 1 1.00 a.m.

CANCELLATION NOTICE - 48 hours.

DEPOSITS Groups and ITX Prepaid.

Individual bookings, one night deposit required.

Bookings; Aust. & N.Z.; C.J. Henry & Associates.

Offices: Mana Island Resort (FIJI) Limited P.O. Box M 94, Sydney Mail Exchange 2012 69.5061 or P.O. Box 610, Lautoka, FIJI 61.210, 61.455 Telegrams and Telex: Mana Island, Lautoka, FIJI '•f-b ■ ’ • i TRIMARAN TOPAZ. Fiver AA 48 ft. design, luxuriously appointed to suit chartering or cruising, 4 months old, Ford diesel, full electrics including refrigeration. 4 double staterooms with shower and toilet, 2 twin cabins, all gear to sail immediately. Ocean tested. Contact; Yacht Topaz, c/- Tradewinds Hotel, Suva, Fiji.

CONCRETE BLOCK MACHINE. Makes blocks, flags, edgings, screen-blocks, garden stools —up to 8 at once and 96 an hour. SAIO7 c.i.f. main ports. Send for leaflets. Forest Farm Research, Londonderry, N.S.W., 2753.

ALL BOOKS AND JOURNALS ON AUST-

Ralasia And The Pacific Bought

AND SOLD. Catalogues issued and sent free on application. Correspondence invited. Berkelouw, 15-10 Boundary St..

Rushcutters Bay. Sydney. 2011. Phone: 81-8215.

YOUNG ITALIAN MAN would appreciate friendly correspondence and, eventually, stamp exchange with residents in any independent Island. Write to: Giovanni de Santis, Casella Postale 97. 70100 Bari, Italy.

BUTTERFLIES from Trobriand Islands.

Beautiful specimens Papilio Ulysses telemachus, Ornithopter priamus demophanes and others. Write; M, V. Glanville, Carvings and Artifacts, P.O. Box 29, Losuia, Papua New Guinea.

FLEETS, 40 ft bridge deck carvel cruiser, profess, bit. 1960, mar. diesel, exc. accom., shower etc., 8 man raft, radio, sounder, dinghy and outboard, $23,000. Fleets, Rowe’s Bldg. Edward St, Brisbane. Cable “Fleets”. Brisbane.

STAMPS used of the world, exchange for stamps of Papua New Guinea or other Pacific Islands. Thomson, 57 Bombard St., Mount Pleasant, W.A., 6153, Aust.

PEN FRIENDS OVERSEAS. Individual world wide postal introduction service!

Plus optional illustrated magazine! Write for details today! Five Continents Co. Ltd., P.O. Box 21219, Henderson, N.Z.

GENEALOGY. Family histories traced through authentic authorities, British and European. Send airmail letter, in first instance, for details of charges together with name and all known details. Confidential. Heraldic Arts, c/- Kunua Plantation, via P.O. Buka, Bougainville, P.N.G.

INTERNATIONAL

Dateline Hotel

TONGA EL«® "Friendly Hotel" of the "Friendly Islands"

Situated along the Nukualofa waterfront. Only five minutes walk from town. Single, double, family suites, airconditioning, and hot and cold water showers. Pool, bar, restaurant, duty-free shop, tour desk and boutique.

Book through your travel agent or write to International Dateline Hotel, P.O. Box 62, Nukualofa Tonga!

Cable Address: "DATELINE".

Represented Overseas by: Charles J. Henry and Associates Pty. Ltd.

Sydney and Melbourne.

FOR SALE Business and property on 99 year leasehold. Plot 118' x 55'.

Situated Main Road Central Honiara. Two conditioned shops and large upstair 15 year old first class, softgoods, jewellery, cosmetics, handicrafts business.

Genuine enquiries only. Please apply Lillian A. Dennis (Ent) Ltd, PO Box 200 Honiara, 8.5.1. P.

WANTED

Freehold Land

Am interested in buying a large tract of freehold land in the South Pacific.

Might pay cash. Please write: "PAM", c/- G.P.O.

Box 3408, Sydney, N.S.W. 2001, Australia.

Turners and Growers

Fresh Fruit & Vegetables

111 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

AT A LOSS

To Comfort Baby?

Those distressing symptoms that come with teething troubles —sore gums, digestive disorders, intestinal upsets, can be, if used as directed, safely and quickly soothed with Fisher's Teething Powders. You'll be delighted at what an effective and soothing aid they are to baby— and when baby's happy your upsets and nervous tension will be soothed, too. Fisher's Teething Powders are available from your chemist or store, only 30c for 20 powders. Fisher & Co., Manufacturing Chemists (Est. 1876), 17 May St., St. Peters, N.S.W. 2044.

PIM 809/72

For Investment In The

British Solomon Islands

Please Contact

R. C. Symis Pty. Limited

ADDRESS; P.O. BOX 88, HONIARA, 8.5.1. P.

TELEPHONE: 06-28

Cable: "Symeco"

Turners SupplyCo

Fresh Fruit & Vegetables

9813 W. H. GROVE & SONS LTD ESTABLISHED 1896

Island Merchants

Exporters to the Pacific of Dairy Products and all New Zealand consumer and manufactured goods.

Entrust Your Requirements To The

Established Firm

P.O. Box 3718, AUCKLAND Cables

Grove Auckland

SAY IT IN FIJIAN helps you enjoy Fiji more by learning and using its language.

Priced at $1.20 Aust., plus 12c posted. $1.50 U.S. posted.

Pacific Publications (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., G.P.O. Box 3408, Sydney, N.S.W. 2001.

Index to Advertisers Adams Ind 3, 10 Aggie Grey 110 Airconditioning (South Pacific) 31 Air New Zealand 58 Allied Manufacturing & Trading Industries 53 Ansett Hotels 35, 110 Ardneil 79 Arnott's Biscuits 60 Aust. National University 75 Bacardi 17 Bank of Hawaii 88 Bank Line 106 Beachcomber Hotel 110 8.0.A.C. 97-100 Braybon 100 Breckwoldt 87 British Med Lab 43 Brockhoff's 4, 68 Brunton 72 Burns Philp 18, 19, 85 Carpenter 28, 29, 84 Colgate 22 Collier Macmillan 33 Com. N. G. Timbers 38 Daiwa Bank 23 Daiwa Line 105 Davey Dunlite 108 Fisher, Peter 81 French Knit 42 Frigate Rum 78 George & Ashton 78 Gillespie Bros 44 Goodyear 34 Grove, W. H. 112 Hall, R. 80 Handi Works 86 Harris, Keith 80 Hellaby, R. & W. 25 Honda cov. in Innes Tartan 32 Islander Aircraft 12 James Hardie 20 Karlander Line 109 Knox Schlapp 76 Kennedy, Capt 79 Kerr Bros 32 Kodak 70 Mabin Blowers 81 Mana Island Resort 111 Massey-Ferguson 46 Minolta 93 Motor Specialties 50 Namale Plantation 110 Nedlloyd 106 Nissan cov. iv N.Z. Breweries 96 Olympus cov. ii Pacific Line 107 P.A.A. 24 Paramount Shirts 55 Parker Pen 82 Pioneer Electric 54 PNG Printing 101 Resco Pty. Ltd. 86 Ring Rolling 83 Sandy, James 39 Smith, C. H. 85 Sony 95 Southern Pac Ins 99 Sullivan, C. 98 Sunbeam 74 Symes, R. C. 112 Swire, John 40, 94 Tatham, S. E. 30 T.D.K. Electronics 59 Tonga's Port of Refuge 11"

Fovota 50, o/ Trio Electronics 30 Turners Supply 110, 114 Union S.S. Co 107 Warburton Franki 108 Yanmar Diesels 48 Yorkshire Insurance 8/ W h ol. y set up and printed in Austria * y PTY. I**-. > AiPerfa street, s y dne y , .00.

REGISTERED A AT r THE GPO STOREY ™ R fr^ A NSmSSION POST .'oS” 08 "

The blue beyond. The earth below.

A path between the two. That only youth may Making the endless blue and bleach-white sands one...

HONDA.

A young man whose desire to reach the summit of success knows no limits. At work or at play, he thrives on new challenges, new ways to satisfy his zest for the active life. Every day more people are finding themselves in HONDA. Leader in motorcycles. Holder of the title of having % of the world’s market. With sales in more than countries. By offering the right combination of power, performance, and ride in a wide range to suit every individual. It’s all of what it takes to be a world leader in motorcycles ... HONDA!

W HO 15 m 4 lAu f ' ! if «> RITORY: J.C. Tenorio Enterprise P.O. Box 137, Saipan/ sfandli Ojevelopment Auf^OrnyGifemfe. |.M.J«nH Ltd. P.O Sox 34, Nukualofa /SOLOMON Box PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—OCTOBER, 1973

m 7* m m m - 1 % * ♦ \ K t ■V t CsV i Ws. /* Vs. - ■* 9?0 w ifafet ' ‘ *'■>■ - - And wherever you’ll go in over 120 nations throughout the world you’ll find proud DATSUN drivers.

Perhaps the main reason is that DATSUN was designed to meet a wide variety of conditions—mountain roads and super highways, blistering suns and freezing temperatures. DATSUN is indeed the international car that has precision engineering and a stunning string of rally victories behind it.

Its superb handling, safety features and high speed efficiency make DATSUN the choice of young and old alike. DATSUN-the car that really satisfies the world over.

DATSUN NISSAN A DATSUN distributor network covers the following areas; LbMMIH •«. -r /-I nr n XT _ \TaVV W oKri Pfl •