PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly MARCH, 1954 Vol. XXIV. No. 8 Jblished 1930. for transmission by post as a newspaper l HOW TIMES HAVE CHANGED: Fijians made exhibitions of Fire-walking long before Europeans came to the South Seas. Then, if they travelled at all, they paddled their own canoes; and, for sustenance, they sat around a heap of food cooked in a ground oven. To-day, how different. When 25 Beqa men went to Auckland in January to demonstrate fire-walking, they travelled on one of TEAL’S modern flyingboats. And, as for eating—well, here is a photograph of TEAL Flight Hostess, Miss V. Eggers, serving luncheon to one of the Fire-walkers.

"By QANTAS is the ONLY way fo enjoy Tropical Travel"

FLY

Islands Air Services

Travel in the Tropics is timesaving and a pleasure when you fly by QANTAS —Australia’s Overseas Airline with 33 years of flying experience.

Over 50 points in the S.W. Pacific Area are linked with Australia by fast, regular QANTAS services shown below.

QANTAS

Norfolk Island

SERVICE Sydney • Norfolk Island • Sydney.

Suva Service

Sydney * Brisbane • Noumea • Suva • Noumea • Sydney.

New Hebrides

SERVICE Sydney • Brisbane • Noumea • Vila • Espiri+u Santo • Vila • Noumea • Sydney.

Trobriand Service

Port Moresby • Samarai • Esa'ala • Rabaul • Samarai • Port Moresby.

BOUGAINVILLE SERVICE Rabaul • Buka • Kieta • Buin • Kieta • Buka • Rabaul.

Papua Wist Service

Port Moresby • Yule Island • Kerema • Wana • Kikori • Lake Kutubu • Daru • Kikori • Wana • Kerema • Yule Island • Port Moresby.

Solomons Service

Lae • Finschhafen • Rabaul • Buka • Vella Lavella • Yandina • Honiara • Yandina • Vella Lavella • Buka • Rabaul • Finschhafen • Lae.

Bismarck West

SERVICE Lae • Madang • Wewak • Manus Island • Kavieng • Rabaul • Madang • Lae.

Bismarck East

SERVICE Lae • Finschhafen • Rabaul • Kavieng • Manus Island • Kavieng • Rabaul • Lae.

"GOLDFIELD'S"

SERVICE Lae • Bulolo • Wau • Lae.

N.G. HIGHLANDS SERVICE Lae • Nadzab • Kaiapit • Arona • Kainantu • Bena Bena • Goroka • Nondugl • Banz • Minj • Mt. Hagen • Ogelbeng • Baiyer River • Wabamunda • Wabag and return.

New Britain Service

Rabaul • Jacquinot Bay • Moewe Harbour • Talasea • Rabaul (alternatively fortnightly) • Rabaul • Talasea • Moewe Harbour • Jacquinot Bay • Rabaul.

Hollandia Service

Lae • Madang • Wewak • Hollandia and return.

QANTAS Qantas Empire Airways Ltd. (Inc. in Q'land) In assoc, with 8.0.A.C. and TEAL Aust r a I i a's Overseas Airl i n e m PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Model No. 532 E

Silent Type

1. Full-Size Fount with Filler Plug of wing type. 2. Air release on side of Filler Plug. 3. Heavy Brass pressure-tested Tanks. 4. Fount and Burner firmly soldered together. 5. European-type pump. 6. Grate and Grate Supports detachable to reduce shipping space.

Made In England

These two Coleman Stores are of the one burner kerosene type and are available in both silent and roarer models. Their dimensions are height 8i inches, diameter 82 inches, approximate weight 2| lb. Both models have the same outstanding features. 7. Spare parts interchangeable with similar European Stoves. Representatives for the Pacific Islands: Model No. 531 E

Roarer Type

54a PITT STREET SYDNEY

Robert Gillespie P T Ju®

PEARCE & CO. LTD.

SUVA

For Fiji Islands

1 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

? ftWMStT *

Chateau Tanunda

BRANDY versa W/e Serve these favourites: — Chateau Tanunda Brandy with water or soda.

Chateau Tanunda Brandy with Ginger Ale, crushed ice and slice of lemon. ■fa Chateau Tanunda Brandy with pure orange juice.

Also Brandy Crusta, Cafe Royal and as a Liqueur.

Ask for “CT” then it must be Seppelts Chateau Tanunda Brandy CHATEAU TANUNDA BRANDY . . . from all retail stores throughout the Pacific Islands. Wholesale supplies through B. Seppelt & Sons Ltd., Box 163, G.P.0., Sydney.

A Product Of The House Of Seppelt

EST. 1851 Ho V.D o^2 'iQVjf

Regular Sailings Between New Zealand

And Island Ports

M.V. "VASU"

FAST TRANS-TASMAN SERVlCES—Refrigerated and general cargo M.V. "VITI" S.S. "MADONNA"

Tonnage available for charter AGENTS FOR: Flotta Lauro Line (Passengers and cargo to U.K. and Continent.) Edinburgh Assurance Company Ltd.

ISLAND AGENTS: SUVA: Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

APIA: A. MacDonald & Co. Ltd.

NUKUALOFA/VAVAU: Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

NIUE: Robert Rex.

Also represented throughout Australasia.

Tasman Steamship Stevedoring And Agency

Company, Limited

P.O. Box 2242, Telegraphic address: Auckland. “TASVITI”

New Guinea Australia Line Regular Three Weekly Service to PORT MORESBY, SAMARA), LAE, MADANG,

Kavieng. And Rabaul, Via Brisbane

“Soochow” “Shansi”

And from MELBOURNE, approximately every seven weeks, to PAPUA-NEW

Guinea, Via Sydney And Queensland Ports

“SINKIANG”

Agents for PAPUA: Agents for NEW GUINEA: STEAMSHIPS TRADING CO. LTD. COLYER WATSON (NEW GUINEA) LTD.

General Agents: G. S. YUILL & CO. PTY. LTD.

6 Bridge St., Sydney

Telephones: BW 2731 BU 6313 (Freight only) Cable Address: “YUILL”

Shipping Time-Tables

There now are comparatively few shipping lines running on regular time-tables In the Pacific Islands. The following timetaoies are only approximately correct— they are subject to much alteration at short notice:— Sydney-Papua-N. Guinea MV Bulolo, modern liner, sails about every six weeks.: Sydney-Brisbane-Moresby- Bamaral - Lae - Madang - Manus - Rabaul - Samnral-Moresbv-Brlsbnne-Sydney.

Next sailing March 23.

MV Malekula sails from Sydney for Samarai, Rabaul, Manus, Wewak, Madang, Lae, Samarai and return to Sydney.

Next sailing March 19.

Details from Burns Philp & Co. Ltd., 7 Bridge Street, Sydney.

MV’s Soochow, Shansi and Sinkiang, 3,000 tons vessels, leave every six weeks approximately (making a threeweekly service): Sydney-Brisbane-Port Moresby - Madang - Rabaul - Pt Moresby, Sydney. Next sailing Shansi, April 6.

Next sailing Soochow, March 19. Sinkiang will include Melbourne in her itinerary, leaving from that port March 19, from Sydney March 23.

Details from New Guinea Australia Line (O. S. Yuill & Co., Ltd., agents), 6 Bridge Bt.. Sydney.

N. Zealand-Fiji-Samoa-Tonga Motor vessels Tofua and Matua, from New Zealand, serve Suva (FIJI), Nukualofa and Vavau (Tonga), Niue Is., Pago Pago (American Samoa). Apia Samoa). Tofua leaves Auckland for any or all of above ports at approx, five weeks Intervals. Matua calls at Wellington and Lyttelton (NZ), Lautoka (Fiji) and supplements Tofua’s schedule in Islands, calling at ports as directed by owners.

Tofua’s next voyages are scheduled to leave Auckland March 15 and April 12.

Matua will leave Auckland on her next voyage April 3.

N. Zealand-Cook Is.

The NZ Government’s old motor vessel Maui Pomare is scheduled to leave Auckland every month for Rarotonga and other Islands in the Lower Cooks, subject to requirements of trade. This vessel carries 30 passengers. On her return to Auckland after January voyage will withdraw for annual survey, expected to take about 2 months.

Full details on application to NZ Government Department of Island Territories in Wellington, or to any office of the Union SS Co. of NZ, Ltd., which 3 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

London - Suva

S£^ VIA PANAMA For Sailings and Further Particulars Apply To: —

Bethell, Gwvn & Co. Ltd., Burns Philp (South Sea)

138 LEADENHALL ST., CO * LTD > LONDON, E.C.3. SUVA, FUI

Pacific Islands Transport Line

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S Sandefjord, Norway - M.V. "THORSISLE" - Regular Freight and Passenger Service between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and

Tahiti Samoa Fiji New Caledonia

New Hebrides

GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION, LTD.

General Agents 432 California Street, San Francisco 4, Calif., U.S.A.

PAPEETE —Etablissements Donald Tahiti APIA —Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

SUVA—Morris Hedstrom Ltd. NOUMEA—Etablissements Ballande PORT VILA —Comptoirs Francais des Nouvelles Hebrides S p a o c r ‘i as Agent ,or thls ,essal Sydney-New Hebrides-BSI- J J r% i i r* Kabaul Etc. ,*. . . .

MV Malalta makes a round trip at about 8-weeks intervals from Sydney to Lord Howe-Norfolk Is.-New Hebrides Ports ports - Bougainville - Rabam - Sydney-N. Caledonia-Tahiti Vessels of Messageries Maritimes Line, coming from Marseilles, via West Indies and Panama, call about every six weeks at Papeete, Vila (New Hebrides), Noumea and Sydney, and return by same route. Details from Messageries Marltithes. Luxurious new liners Caledonien and Tahitien recently added to this “smaU motor-ships Polynesian (Messagenes Maritimes) and Neo Hebrtdals (H.

C. Sleigh. Ltd.) maintain fairly regular service between Noumea and Sydney.

N. America-Fiji-Hebrides, etc.

Norwegian motor vessel Thorslsle, carrying car S° and passengers maintains a regular service between North American ports and French Oceania, Samoa, Fiji, New Caledon ia and New Hebrides, Sailing from San Pran cisco April 2. p apee te, April 14, Apia, April 19, Suva, April 23 Noumea> April 28 (dates approx. s sramc s ~

Airways Time-Tables

Tn . »i C n i PlCir CVDinrCC IKAnj-l AllMl oLKVULO . !• / ■?••• Australia (Or N£)*rijl* _\ . 7 Hawail-N. America

Fan-Ameeican Airwats

«'“> Strata Clipper asms Sleeperette. ana cerms Tues. and Fri.—Sydney - Nadi (Fiji) - Canton Is.-Honolulu-S. Franclsco-Seattle- * Portland.

Tues. and Sat.—Return via same route. . t Tues. and Fri. —Auckland - Nadi (Fiji). t Thurs. and Mon. —Nadi (Fiji)-Auckland. . t Connecting with Strato Clipper at Nadi. .

By British Commonwealth Pacific C

Airlines (Bcpa)

(DC-6 All-Sleeper Service)* Wed. and Sat.—Sydney-Naai (FIJI)-Canton c Is.-Honolulu-S. Francisco-Vancouver.

Mon. and first Thur.—Dep. southwards, . same route. On second or alternate s Thursday, flight commences at S.

Francisco.

Tues.—Dept. Auckland-Nadi-Canton-Hono- iulu-S. Francisco-Vancouver.

Fri.—Dep. Vancouver and S. Francisco c alternatively; thence same route toe Auckland.

By Canadian Pacific Airlines

(CPAL) (With Super DC-6B Aircraft)* Every Tuesday—Sydney - Auckland - Nadi 1 (Fiji) - Honolulu - Vancouver.

Every Friday return by same route. .1 * Tourist Class Services are available* on these planes at 20 per cent. less--? normal fares.

Sectional Services In

PACIFIC 2. Sydney-New Guinea Service by Qantas Empire Airways NORTHWARDS Tuesdays and Saturdays (Skymasters) Depart: Arrive: Sydney, 7.30 pm Brisbane, 10.15 pnȣ Brisbane, 11.40 pm Moresby, 6.30 anui (Wed., Sun.) Moresby. 7.30 am Lae, 8.45 amt Connecting services north of Lae byv Drover to Bulolo and Wau.

Sundays and alt. Wednesdays (Sandringhams) Depart: Arrive: Sydney, 7.30 pm Brisbane, 10.50 pmc Brisbane, 12.20 am Cairns, 6,35 am £ (Mon. and Alt. Thur.) Cairns, 8.05 am Moresby, 11.55 amc (Night stop) Moresby,* 8.30 am Samarai, 10.30 amc (Tue.) Samarai, 11.00 am Esa’ala, 11.40 aimx (Alt. weeks) Esa’ala, 11.55 am Rabaul, 2.55 pmc The alt. Wednesday Sandringham fromtr Sydney terminates at Port Moresby, ae connection north to Lae on the following a day at 9.00 am being by D.C.3. * The Sunday Sandringham from arrives Moresby Monday and after a nightfx stop then goes on to Rabaul via Samarai..!, etc., on Tuesday.

SOUTHWARDS Sundays and Wednesdays (Skymaster) Depart: Arrive: Lae, 10.25 am Moresby, 11.40 amtn Moresby, 12.40 pm Brisbane, 7.15 pmen Brisbane, 8.45 pm Sydney, 11.30 pmen Connecting service from Wau by Drover.t!

Arrives Lae 9.35 am Saturday.

Thursdays (Sandringham) Depart: Arrive: Rabaul, 5.30 am Samarai, 8.45 anrn Samarai, 9.15 am Moresby, 11.15 anm, Moresby, 12.15 pm Cairns, 3.40 pmn (Night stop) Cairns, 8.30 am Brisbane, 2.15 pmn (Fri.) Sydney, 7.0 pm Sydney, 7.05 pnenc Alt. Saturdays (Sandringham) Depart: Arrive: Moresby, 6 am Cairns, 9.25 ana.

Cairns, 10.55 am Brisbane, 4.40 pmnf Brisbane. 6.10 pm Sydney, 9.30 pmn A connection from Lae, with a DC3CC MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Is your Will ‘proofed” against Time?

HANDS

That Never Leave

THE WHEEL No matter how physically secure your Will appears to be, the chances are that it is out of date. Even if it has been revised recently, you may have overlooked appointing an Executor who is “proofed” against Time, too. Advancing years, premature retirement through ill-health, business difficulties, inexperience, ignorance—all conspire to render a private Executor useless when the time comes to tackle the job.

Play safe. Let your Solicitor revise your Will after you have read “Hands That Never Leave The Wheel”. This 20-page booklet explains why the appointment of Bums Philp Trust Company Limited as your Executor protects your family.

Complimentary copies of this booklet are available at any branch of Bums Philp (South Sea) Company, Bums Philp (New Guinea) Limited, Bums Philp (New Hebrides) Limited, or from this Company’s head office.

James Burns.

P. T. W. Black.

DIRECTORS: MANAGER; L. S. Parker.

Joseph Mitchell.

Eric Priestley Lee.

SECRETARY; E. R. Overton, F.A.S.A.

Bums Philp Trust

Company Limited

Executor • Trustee • Attorney Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney. telegraphic Address: “Burnstrust”

Box 543, G.P.O.

Also Registered Offices at Melbourne, Brisbane, Port Moresby (Papua), and Vila (New Hebrides). o pick up Saturday Sandringham, arrives n Moresby on Friday at 8.20 am. 3. N. Guinea Internal Services Operated by Qantas iAE —HOLLANDIA (Dutch New Guinea) (DC3) very 4th Monday (Mar. 22, Apr. 19, etc.), leparts Lae 8 am, calls at Madang and Wewak, and arrives at Hollandia 1.5 pm. Every 4th Tuesday (Mar. 23, Apr. 20, etc.), departs Hollandia at 9 am, and, with calls at Wewak and Madang, arrives Lae at 3.5 pm.

Lae-Manus (Dcs)

Every Wednesday.

'ep. Lae, 10.45 am; Finschhafen, Rabaul, Kavieng, Manus (5.45 pm) Returns Saturdays (dep. 8 am), via Kavieng and Rabaul; optional call at Finschhafen; arr. Lae, 2.45 pm.

MOBESBY-DABU (Sandringham) la Yule Is., Kerema, Wana (optional), Kikorl, L. Kutubu.—Every alternate Friday, returning same day (Mar. 19, Apr. 2, 16, etc.).

Eabaul-Moewe Harbour

( Sandringham) It. Wed. —Rabaul-Jacqulnot Bay-Moewe Harbour-Talasea-Rabaul—Mar. 24, Apr. 7. 21, etc.

N.B.—The direction of operation changes Ith each service, 1.e., each alternate srvlce operates Rabaul-Talasea-Moewe arbour-Jacquinot Bay-Rabaul.

New Bbitain-Bougainville

(Sandringham) It. Wed.—Rabaul - Buka - Kieta - Buin —Mar. 17, 31, Apr. 14, 28, etc.

It. Wed. (same day) Buin-Kieta-Buka- Rabaul.

LAE-MADANG-WEWAK-MANUS-

Kavieng-Babaul General

SERVICE (DCS) bn., Thur. Dep. Lae 6.30 am, Madang arr. 7.35 am Wewak, Manus Is., Kavieng, Rabaul arr. 3.35 pm. je. only Dep. Rabaul 8.00 am, direct Madang arr. 11.00 am, Lae arr. 12.35 pm.

Central Highlands

(DCS) Idays.—Lae (8.30 am) to Wabag, calling at any of: Nadzab, Kiaipit. Arona, Kainantu, Bena Bena, Goroka, Nondugl, Banz, Minj. Mt. Hagen, Balyer R„ Wabag. Return to Lae arriving 6 pm.

LAE-BULOLO-WAU (Drover) !p. Lae.—Tues. 3 pm.—Mon. & Sat. 7.30 am. ip. Wau.—Tues. 4.30 pm—Mon. 9.00 am —Wed. 12.35 pm. Direct to Lae in 35 minutes.

LAE-FINSCHHAFEN (Drover) ery 4th. Tuesday, leaving Lae 1 pm, returning same day (Mar. 23, Apr. 20, etc.).

Madang-Goroka (Dcs)

idays.—Depart Madang 8.25 am, arrive Soroka 9.00 am, returning same day; lepart Goroka 0.30 am, arrive Madang 10.5 am.

Services By Mandated Airlines

With headquarters at Lae, this company cs regular services for passengers, iight and mails to all New Guinea Elements. 5 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954

There's so much to do

New Zealand

Imagine a holiday in this land of breathtaking beauty!

At any time of the year there’s so much to do .. . v watching geysers play in wondrous thermal regions . . . fishing in placid lake or swift-running stream or spectacular big-game waters . . . climbing in the towering Southern Alps . . . deer shooting in virgin forest . . . slaloming on perfect ski runs . . . swimming and boating in fascinating fiordlands! flying gives you so much more time Air travel will save you days in which to play, let you see so much more of this scenic wonderland.

And it’s so much more comfortable.

NAC J :> -At f ' C ! ( Linking all principal New Zealand cities and extending to Norfolk Island. Offices and Agents throughout New Zealand, Australia and the South-West Pacific.

H 1 W CIAL A N O NATIONAL AIRW A T I CORPORATION MARCH, 19 5 4 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

QUEENSLAND INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated 1886 In Australia).

Assets Exceed £7,000,000 Head Office:

Queensland Insurance

BUILDING, 80-82 PITT STREET.

SYDNEY. in South Sea iFire, Marine & Accident Insurances Apply to:— FlJl.—Branch Office: J. F. Drury, Manager.

Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

VlLA.—Burns Phllp (N.H.), Ltd.

Comptoirs Prancals Des Nouvellca Hebrides.

NOUMEA.—L. & W. Johnston.

NEW GUlNEA.—Manager for the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, W. A. Anderson.

Resident officer at Lae, B. Bembrlck.

Port Moresby—Samarai—Lab

—MADANG—RABAUL.

Burns Philp (New Guinea), Ltd.

PAGO PAGO.

Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

G. H. C. Reid & Co.

OTHER SOUTH SEA ISLANDS.

Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

Also to any of the Company's Offices in Australia or N.Z.

Attention All Islands Residents Use ASPAXADRENE for quickest relief from the bronchial spasms of ASTHMAS and the congestion and discomfort of BRONCHITIS,

Nasal Catarrh, Migraine, Hay Fever, Antrum And

SINUS HEADACHE, COMMON COLDS, ’FLU, LOSS OF VOICE, SORE THROAT, POLYPI, WHOOPING COUGH, etc. (all of these are akin —insofar as they are associated with the inflamed capillaries of the mucous membrane).

Atomised Inhalant ASPAXADRENE • Relieves in five seconds (not five years) because it “Touches the Spot” unchanged. • Same spray —same liquid, undiluted—babies and adults. • Cause, duration, family history, etc., immaterial. Relief Is immediate. • TAKES THE STRAIN off the heart—by “easing the breathing.”

Contains 0.5 active Adrenalin, 0.5 Chlorbutol —guaranteed to be free from Atropine, Ephedrine, Cocaine, Morphine, Pituitary, Scopalamine, Papaverine, or any other opium drug; does not interfere with any other treatment, so can be used in conjunction with doctor’s injections, tablets, medicines, vaccines (oral or otherwise). At night, a few puffs: and everybody sleeps all night the patient, the whole family, and the doctor.

Seconds Acting Time Tested Safe Proven COMPLETE OUTFIT, RUBBER BULB, 4/9; 28/6; LIQUID REFILL. 12/6; SPARE GLASS PART, 10/6; 2-PRONG NASAL NOZZLE, 2/6; BAKELITE MASK, 6/-.

POCKET ATOMISER, 14/6.

Obtainable at Chemists (T. W. Johnston & Co., Pt. Moresby, Papua, Swann & Co., Suva, and others) or Island Stores.

A. H. CRUNDALL. Box 58, Prahran, Victoria, Aust. 4. Aust.-Dutch N. Guinea By KLM Royal Dutch Airlines.

A weekly service with Constellations between Sydney and Amsterdam with a sail at Biak, DNG, and Manila, Philippines.

DC3 aircraft link Biak with Hollandia, Borong, Merauke and Tannah Merah. 5. N. Guinea-Solomons By Qantas with DCS 3 Plights Every Four Weeks, VTon. (March 15, 29, April 5, 12, 26, etc.), Lae (dep. o am) Fmschhafen Rabaul Buka Vellalavella Yandina Honiara, BSI (arriving 4.30 pm). rue. (March 16, 30, April 6, 13, 27, etc.), Honiara (dep. 7 am) Yandina Vellalavella Buka Rabaul Finschhafen Lae (arriving 3.30 pm). 6. Indo-China-Brisbane- N. Caledonia By Air France. Monthly.

Constellation aircraft dep. Saigon, Mar. 7 and every 28 days thereafter for Darwlu-Brisbane-Noumea, and return.

Lustralian agents: Messageries Maritlmes. 7. Sydney-Lord Howe Is. ty Ansett Flying-boat Service, with Sandringhams and Hythes.

Eight services per month, return same lay. 8. Sydney-Norfolk Is.

By Qantas, with Skymasters.

Llternate Thursdays (Mar. 25, Apr. 8, 22, etc.), returning same day. 9. Sydney-New Hebrides By Qantas. with Sandrlnerbam (Weekly Flying Boat Service) )epart: Arrive: lydney, Mon. 7.30 pm Brisbane, 10.50 pm trisbane, 12.20 am iTue.) Noumea, 7.00 am loumea, 8,30 am Vila, 11.05 am rila, 12.35 pm Santo, 1.50 pm (Night stop) lanto, 6.00 am (Wed.) Vila, 7.15 am rila, 8.15 am Noumea, 10.55 am loumea, 1.00 pm Sydney, 8.40 pm 10. Sydney-Noumea-Suva By Qantas with Sandringham Flying Boats—Weekly.

Depart: Arrive: lydney, Thur. 7.30 pm Brisbane, 10.50 pm irisbane, 12.20 am (Prl.) Noumea, 7.00 am foumea, 8.30 am Suva, 3.00 pm uva, Sat. 6.30 am Noumea, 11.00 am loumea, 1.00 pm Sydney, 8.40 pm 11. Auckland-Norfolk Is.

By NZ National Airways, with DCS’s undays—From Auckland double service returning same day. 12. Sydney-Auckland Tasman E. Airways, with Solents 'ue„ Sun.—Dept. Sydney 12 midnight, arr. 8.30 am following day. hur., Sat., Sun.—Dept. Sydney 8.30 am, arr. 5 pm. >ep. Auckland 8.30 am, arr 1.30 pm Mon., Tue., Thur., Fri., Sat. 13. Sydney-Wellington Tasman E. Airways, with Solents Dep. Sydney 10.30 pm Mon., Tue., Thur., Fri. Arr. 7.30 am following day.

Dep. Wellington 10.30 am Tue.. Wed., Fri., Sat., arriving 3.45 pm. 14. Melbourne-Christchurch Tasman E, Airways, with DC4 Skymaster Thurs.—Dep. Melb., 10.25 pm; arr. Ch’ch., 8.15 am next day.

Prl -—Dep. Ch’ch., 11 am; arr. Melb., 5.38 pm. 15. New Zealand-Fiji SEE ALSO TABLE 18.

Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd,, with Solents.

Dep. Auckland—March 23, 27, 30, April 6, 10, 13, 20, 24, 27.

Return to Auckland on March 22, 25, 29, April 8, 12, 19, 21, 26.

Depart Arrive Auckland, 9.30 am Suva, 4.30 pm Suva, 9.00 am Auckland, 4.15 pm 16. Fiji-Western Samoa SEE ALSO TABLE 18.

Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd., with Solents.

Dep. Auckland March 17, 28, April 13, 24, 27.

Depart Arrive Auck.. 9.30 am Sat. Suva, 4.45 pm Sat.

Suva, 6.00 am Sun. Apia, 11.05 am Sat.

Apia, 1.30 pm Sat. Suva 4.35 pm Sun.

Suva, 9.00 am Mon. Auck., 4.15 pm Mon. 17. New Zealand-Chatham Is.

In the 1953-54 season, Solents will make flights to the Chatham Is. as follows: 7 •ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

FROM

Sydney To—

Tabl single neturn ■NO.

Moresby . £46 11 0 £83 16 0 2, 2s Lae .. . 55 7 0 99 13 0 2, 3 Rabaul . 64 19 0 116 19 0 2, 3 Honiara, BSI . 80 7 0 144 13 0 5 Vila. N Hebrid''* 51 9 0 92 13 0 9 A model for every type of application from hotels and clubs to general stores and industrial premises . . .

A ustralia’s most popular W === Es E S SSS S ■■ ■Sm "55 n mil UiilvvLni W S&«3 Airspeed manufacture Australia’s largest and most popular range of Air Circulators. Realising that different premises require different types of mounting, Airspeed provide six different types of Air Circulator with either 24 or 30 inch diameter blades. This wide range ensures that the most satisfactory fan to meet your requirements can be immediately supplied. If you have an air moving problem, contact Airspeed to-day—the Airspeed Advisory Service is free-of-cost-andobligation. * W# A Division oi BRYANT BROS. PTY. LTD.

Herbert Street, St. Leonards, N.S.W., Australia.

Branches in —Melbourne : Brisbane : Adelaide : Perth.

March 11, April 7. Departure from Auck- • land 3.30 am, dep. Wellington 7.30 am, . arr. Chathams 10.30 am. Dep. 2.30 pm, , same day for Auckland. 18. New Zealand-Tahiti Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd., with Solents TEAL Service, Auckland-Suva-Apla- - Aitutaki-Papeete. is operated with Solent a Flying-Boats once every two weeks. Dep..

Auckland, Tuesday, 9.30 am. Anr. 4,30 pm. Dep. Suva (Wednesday) 9.00 C am, cross International Date Line: Arr. .■ Apia 1.55 pm Tuesday. Dep. Apia 2.000 am Wednesday. Arr. Aitutakl 7.30 am..; Dep. Aitutaki 8.30 am. Arr. Papeete II pm. Return by same route every alt.,, Friday, leaving Papeete 7.30 am.

The next flights leave Aucklandb March 30, April 13, 27. 19. Fiji-Tonga Tasman t 7. Airw»vs with So’^nts.

Dep. Suva March 23, April 6, May 18.

Depart Arrive Auckland, 9.30 am Suva, 4.45 pmn (Tuesday) (Tuesday) Suva, 7.00 am Nukualofa, 10.20 amcc (Wednesday) (Wednesday) Nukualofa, 2.00 pm Suva, 4.10 pmnc (Wednesday) (Wednesday) Suva, 9.00 am Auckland, 4.15 pmcc (Thursday) (Thursday) 20. Micronesia Civilian services, based on Guam, uslngi 2-engined amphibious Catalinas, run re-<! gularly to Koror (Palau), Yap (West;; Carolines), Truk (Central Carolines), ( Ponape (E. Carolines), Majuro (MarshallsXi and Saipan (Marianas). Details fromc Trans-Ocean Airlines, Guam, via Honolulan 21. Fiji Internal Airways By Fiji Airways, with twin-engine de Haviland Rapides Suva to Nadi & Lautoka* and returnc Mornings—Daily except Thursday. After? noons—Daily except Monday.

Suva-Labasa: Daily.

Labasa-Suva: Daily.

Nadi & Lautoka to Labasa: Friday (direct).

Labasa to Nadi & Lautoka: Wednesday (direct).

Suva-Savusavu: Mon., Thur., Sat.

Suva-Taveuni: Tues., via Labasa; Thuru via Savusavu; Mon., Wed. (direct).

Nadi-Taveuni; Mon.; via Nausori. Tues. via Nausari and Labasa, Thur., vlh Nausori and Savusavu. • No call on Sundays.

Approximate Airways Fare*t The following figures are not guarantees accurate, but they are approximates; correct. Details should be obtained froo the Air Company named in the TabKc Unless otherwise indicated, figures are 1 Australian currency. 8 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Noumea, NC . .. 43 3 0 77 14 o : 10, 9, 6 Norfolk I*. 25 0 0 *5 0 0 8 L. Howe . 12 8 6 24 17 0 7 Nadi (Fiji) . 60 10 0 108 18 0 Suva (FIJI) . 64 2 0 115 5 0 Auckland 47 5 0 85 1 0 12 Wellington . .. 47 5 0 85 1 0 13 Dhristch. (from Melb.) . 52 18 0 95 5 0 Honolulu . 225 9 0 405 16 0 1 3. Fran’co 279 1 0 502 5 0 Vancouver 279 1 0 502 5 0 1 Papeete (via Suva direct) , 129 18 0 233 17 0 19

From Auckland

(NZ Currency) TO; lorf. Is. .

Single £15 12 0 Return £28 2 0 Table No. 11 WJi • . . 35 15 0 64 7 0 1 16 lamoa . . 47 2 0 84 16 0 16 Litutaki . 67 11 0 121 12 0 18 •apeete . 82 10 0 148 10 0 18 fuc& on PRUSO

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Office Equipment 71 York Street, Sydney Local Agent: J. Wyatt (Papua) Ltd., Port Moresby

Index To Advertisers

K. & N.Z. Bank 115 V & R. Ltd. . 28 \.M.L. & F. . 120 Vchun Co. 27, 133 Ucta-Vite ... 61 Uuminium Ltd. 48 imalg. Dairies . 92 Lrdath Co. Ltd. 122 Armstrong & Springhall . . 60 Lrnott, Wm. . . 49 ispaxadrene . . 7 Lspro 98 lssoc. Tr. Jnls. 32 tank NSW ... 95 tank of NZ . 74 tames Milling 132 tethell, Gwyn . 4 t.G.E 90 tleri, O. . . . 113 t’wood Hodge . 116 laxland-Rae . 114 llundell Spence 75 iraybon Bros. 118 Irasso .... 62 reckwoldt, W. 123 reden, W. S. 118 ristol-Myers . 43 runton & Co. 87 ryant Bros. . 8 unge Pty. 36, 103 unting, A. H. . 54 .P. 5, 53. 85, 112 adbury-Fry 64 aine’s Studios 127 arpenter 128, c. iv arpenter (Fiji) 63 harmosan . . 24 assified ... 159 ilgate 86, 135, 154 slman & Co. 45 slonial Meat . 96 slyer Watson . 76 soke Bros. . 101 rammond Co. 100 pstex .... 97 angar, G. &M. 10 arling, J. Ltd. 97 avison Paints 143 Bttol ... 135 snald Ltd. . . 90 suglass, W. C. 51 sull & Co. . 50 imlop Rubber 41 •skine Stamps 91 ;. Donald . . 138 irrer, Wm. . 153 srd Sherington 107 ■aser, D. & Co. 23 ■igate Rum . 125 ardner Eng. . 100 irrett, D. M. 160 irrick Hotel 151 Ibey, W. &A. 117 .llespie Bros. . 65 llespie R. 1, 50, 93. 111, 126, 150 llette. Ltd. . 52 Itrap Motors 33 >odall & Co. 102 trdon’s Gin . 62 >rdon Vale 42 ■ahame Books 94 PH. (Suva) . 12 •ove Ltd. 32, 94 lig Whisky . 145 mdi Works . 59 irvey Trinder 40 dvorsen, B. . 105 dvorsens . . 106 irdman Hall 121 irt’s Agencies 61 istings Diesels 124 iwleys Ltd. . 104 iy, John . . 29 Inz & Co. . . 125 & R. . . .23 dlaby Ltd. . 119 Ibrooks Ltd. 123 dman Bros. . 66 r geia Co. . . 102 Hytest Co. . . 130 Is. Industries . 55 Is. Transport 121 Jackson, B. W. 54 Johnson’s Wax 152 Karp, Tulk Co. 66 Kasper Refrig. 47 Kennedy, Capt. 106 Kerr Bros. . . 130 Kerry, M. Pty. 139 Kiwi Polish . . 129 Kodak Ltd. . 138 Kopsen & Co. 108 Lillis & Co. . . 68 Manning & Osborne ... 9 Mcllrath’s Ltd. 141 Mendaco ... 89 Merrillees, J. C. 149 Millers Ltd. . . 70 Morgan Vernex 110 Morgan Books 157 M. H. Ltd. . 22. 71 Mungo Scott . . 45 Needham & Co. 89 N. & R. . 37, 114 NO Aust. Line . 3 Nile Products . 88 Nirex .... 38 Nixoderm ... 73 Nordman, O. . . 74 NZNAC .... 6 Office Equipment 11 Oliver-Britstand 30 P. I. Line ... 4 Pabco Co. . . 147 Papuan Prints 109 Parker Pens . . 36 Penny, J. R. . 126 Pres. Schools . 149 Price, J. Farren 148 Qantas . . cov. ii Qld. Insurance . 7 Qld. Milling . . 57 Quirk’s Co. . . 26 Ransomes Co. . 98 Reed, W. E. 27, 142 Refrig. Inst. Co. 35 Riverstone Co. 136 Rohu, Sil . . . 69 Rollelflex ... 67 Seppelt & Sons 2 Seward Ltd. . . 41 Shell Co. . . . 69 Sleepmakers Pty. 46 Smith, Rees . . 58 S.M.P. Co. . . 87 Spartan Paints 99 Spruso Co. . . 9 S. Ltd. . . 105 Stewarts-Lloyds 58 Sthn. Pac. Ins. 117 Stinsons (Fiji) 46 Sthn. Cross Co. 131 Sullivan Ltd. 34, 73 Tait, W. S. . . 122 Tasman Ship. Co. 3 Taylor & Co. . 65 T. . cov. iii Thornicroft Co. 113 Tilley Lamps . 134 Tillock & Co. . 140 Tongan Photos . 71 Tooheys Ltd. . 44 Tooth & Co. . 53 Turners Supply 146 Tusculum . . . 110 Tyneside Eng. . 127 Typewriter Eff. 70 United Radio . 101 Vacuum Oil Co. 144 Ventura Tr. 39, 160 Vi-Stim ... 139 Vincent’s APC . 25 Warnock Bros, 151 Waters, E. 156-157 Westfield Meats 56 Wills, Ltd. . . 72 Wrigley’s ... 42 Wunderlich Co. 31 Yorkshire Ins. . 37 11 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

vcv at stay lW C «* 5p e< Cjklly * r °Pic s . te *tiy e *aitr~ ery i> S^&rssss is *be *• •*•< 2;,“> eSt" «, 0 , 7ce by f Cfi/^Qe r °S3 4n/ 1Q aizj ec/ r' . r A «S?»«. o7 r /Tjav . e a/p offir-a be f M r ! of fiy h °r by of ° c Kz, ress; IN THIS ISSUE: Editorial: Germany’s Revival is Outstanding Factor in Changing World 13 £7O Stg. FOB is New Basic Price for Pacific Copra—7l% Rise 15 NG Cocoa Still at Phenomenal Price 15 25 Jap Luggers for MOP this Year .. 15 NZ Tax-Gatherer Goes After Cook Is. Tax Dodgers .. .. 16 Big Airline Deals Expected Soon 16 Editors’ Mailbag 17 God Save Our Gracious Queen! —Royal Tour to Canberra in Retrospect 18 Kenaf Trouble —American Expert Speaks Out 21 Do You Remember? —Extracts from PIM of 20 Years Ago .. 21 Britain and the New Hebrides . 23 News Items from Our Correspondents in Papua-New Guinea 27 Raluanas Gain More Time and Make Administration and Village Councils Ridiculous .. 33 Startling Fiji-Indian Birth Rate 36 British Preference in Western Samoa —Angles on a Confused Situation 39 No Indians Yet for New Caledonia 41 Territories Talk-Talk 42 Tonga Interested in Vanilla .. 49 29 P-NG Delegates to see Queen in Cairns 51 Another Attempt at a Medical School for Guam 54 “Marching Rule” Nationalism is Not Dead in BSIP .. .. 59 Tourist Air Fares to UK and USA 61 Three New Islands Bishops .. 65 W. Samoan MLA’s in Pre-Election Session 65 Pago-Fago Has an Embarrassment of Fish —Cannery now in Operation 67 Bureaucrats Take Over on Swain’s Island 71 120 Years of Nursing Between Them 73 NG Goldfields Seem Entitled to Some Simple Justice .. .. 75 MAGAZINE SECTION: Tropicalities, 77; Famous Sultan to Live in South Seas, 80; Ranching on Island of Inscrutable Images, 81; South Pacific Cookery Notes, 84.

Too Colourful Picture from Royal Visit Report on Fiji . 98 For Pacific Radio Amateurs . 101 News of the Smallships .. .. 103 PNG Education Board Lacks Realism 117 Samoan Senators to Go to School 89 Why Paw-Paw is Not NZ-ers No. 1 Dish 90 Iron Industry for Fiji, Maybe, Someday ..91* One Man They Could Not Hang 9S !

NZ Governor General to Visit Pacific Islands 112 No BSIP Representatives See the Queen 112: Roth’s New Book on Fijian Way of Life 12IJ Defence of the Native Starlings in Fiji 1251 Luxury Air Cruises to Islands . 126!: Economic Hopes and Fears in the British Solomons .. .. 122£ How Can We Help the Fijian? 13 £ News from Norfolk Is 13S£ Emergency out in Bougainville 13S£ Famous Escape from Apia Hurricane of 1889 14tt OBITUARY: Capt. J. L. Rawson; Sister E. McMillan; Wing-Commander J. Bray; Mr. Robert Davidson; Ratu Etuate Wainiu; Ratu Kinijioji; Mr. W. Garrett; Mrs.

C. B. Tilney 145-144 Cook Is. “Costly Buildings”— The Other Side of the Picture 144 Cook Islands’ Vessel Lost ~ 144 Official Hush-Hush About Canberra Jet 144 The Troubles of Fiji’s Tourist Traffic 155 Fiji’s Anti-TB Campaign Not Just a Matter of X-Rays .. 155 Commercial, Markets, etc. .. 168 12 MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas Distributed in AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND and the following PACIFIC ISLANDS: Australian Territories: Papua. Norfolk Is.

Cocos Is.

Aust. Trustee Territories: New Guinea.

Nauru.

British Protectorates: Solomon Is, Tonga.

British Crown Colonies: Fiji, Gilbert & Ellice.

N.Z. Territories: Cook Is. Niue.

N.Z. Trust Territory. W. Samoa.

French Territories: N. Caledonia. French Oceania.

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U.S. Territories: E. Samoa. Hawaii.

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A Product of Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Technipress House, 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (29 Alberta Street is 10 yards from the intersection of Gonlburn Street and Wentworth Avenue.) CONTRIBUTIONS: Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited and will be paid for on publication.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: [n Australia and New Zealand and Australian, NZ, and British Pacific Islands . .. £ 1 4 0 (Jew Caledonia, Tahiti .. .. £ 1 7 0 Elsewhere .. .. 2Vi US Dollars £1 10 0 TELEPHONES: General Business, Editorial, Advertising, Subscriptions: MA 9197, MA 9198.

G.P.O. BOX 3408, SYDNEY.

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Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON.

Assistant Editor: JUDY TUDOR.

Business Manager: SELWYN HUGHES.

REPRESENTATIVE IN POLYNESIA: J. P. Shortall, Room 3, Ist Floor, 22 Swanson St., Auckland. N.Z. (P.O. Box 5179 Wellesley St., Auckland.) Tel.: 43.307.

REPRESENTATIVE IN LONDON, U.K.: J. T. Wallis, 13 Rood Lane, London, E.C.3., England.

MELBOURNE OFFICE: Newspaper House, 247 Collins St.—Tel.; Cent. 2053.

AGENTS: All main trading firms and stores in the Pacific Islands.

Vol. XXIV. No. 8.

MARCH, 1954 PRICE: 2/- Per Copy.

Germany’s Revival is Outstanding Factor in Changing World rHERE is a tendency to listen to the queer people who say that the Cold War is less acute — ;hat the danger of a hot World War 111 is receding.

That is blind and wishful thinkng. The danger of World War 111 vill reipain and grow so lohg as the vorld is split into two camps, rrevocably divided on the fundanental issue of whether the iniividual shall be free, or merely i chattel of the State.

There is not a sign of reconciliaion. All that has happened is the .ppearance of a new depth of unning in Red diplomacy. The Muscovites are playing for time, n the belief that the Western /orld is moving towards socioconomic collapse, and so that the Communist bloc can overtake and •ass the West’s superiority in atomic weapons. To understand he game that Russia is playing it s necessary to pass some recent vents in review.

The United States, which saved le West (including the Muscovites) rom Axis Totalitarianism in 1941- 5, again saved the West from eing overwhelmed in 1950-53 —this ime by Communist Totalitarianism, t is certain that if America had ot had superiority in atom weapons i that period, and had not shown i the Berlin air-lift and in Korea er readiness to fight, Russia would iave attacked the nations of vestern Europe, which were then war-weary, economically sick and politically staggering—and some of which are not much better now.

But while France and Italy, under steady Red penetration, have been growing weaker as units of Western European defence. Britain definitely has grown stronger, while Germany has emerged as the most startling and significant development of the post-war period.

Under our wise old Churchill, Britain is doing a magnificent job, despite handicaps which must at times be the despair of the British Government. Economically, Britain still is partially crippled by the conditions fastened upon her in seven full years of war (in which she spent the whole of her enormous savings) and five years of Attlee Socialism (in which the industrial masses were taught to believe that they can achieve a social Utopia without hard work).

Until 1939, Britain’s economy was based on an income from oversea investments so large that her people could enjoy a good standard of living, while competing successfully in overseas markets against the products of low-standard countries.

With the loss of those investments, Britain had either to produce much more per person, or accept a lower standard of living, or completely alter the national economy from secondary industries to primary production, so that the nation could feed itself, instead of exporting manufactured goods in return for imported foodstuffs. Probably, Attlee knew this as well as did Churchill; but Labour Governments, in England as elsewhere, never have the courage to implement logical reasoning if such implementation means a call upon the masses for a greater effort. Instead, Labour adopted its invariable remedy for the post-war problem—namely, nationalisation of key industries and spoliation of the rich.

BRITAIN, if she had had no international complications, would have worked the nonsense out of her system eventually, and got back to political sanity. Unfortunately for her, while she was truckling to the Trades Hall politicians, Russia was “making every post a winner.” Not only were Communists boring into every trade union—quite rightly calculating that this can be the short cut to political control—but Red emissaries were arousing most Asiatic and African communities against the Western Europeans.

By the time that Britain, in 1950, had got around to throwing the Socialists out of office —‘and then by only a narrow majority—the Western European set-up was horribly close to surrender to the Communist thrust. Not one West European Power was healthily aggressive; while their Asiatic and African possessions were in a state of growing revolt. It was only America’s possession of formidable weapons, and her manifest readiness to use them, that kept the Reds behind the Iron Curtain.

Since then, Prime Minister

Churchill has accomplished something like a miracle. Britain, despite her fearful economic and politico-social embarrassments for she has not yet solved the problem of how she is going to live, and she now is compelled to maintain large forces against revolutionary and Red-based movements in Malaya, Suez zone and Kenya—has regained her fighting spirit and has re-established her armaments (including some very special atomic weapons); and, furthermore, she has co-operated most effectively with United States in the rehabilitation of Western Germany.

OF all the set-backs which Soviet diplomacy and Red plotting have suffered in the last two years, by far the most startling is the reappearance of Germany as a military Power, staunchly aligned with the West. The Reds imagined that their imprisonment of East Germany behind the Iron Curtain would cripple West Germany: for (said the Reds) how could she function again when deprived of a quarter of her former area and population, and while divorced from helpful neighbours, like Austria, Czecho-Slovakia, and the Baltic nations?

But quite friendly relations have developed between the Western Germans and their Anglo-American conquerors; and the Germans, for at least four years, have been working like tigers to rehabilitate their country and turn it against the power they hate most beyond words —namely, Muscovite Communism.

When Churchill returned to office in 1950, his first vital decision was that France, for at least a generation or two, was completely undependable. So he turned, with America, to the rehabilitation of Germany. France still is France — the home of a very gallant people, the centre of Western culture—but France never has recoverd from 1940, and will remain sick until the nation’s cleaner and more vital elements get rid of all the parasitical growths which cluster around professional politics.

Compared with 1950, there is a vast change in Western Europe.

Britain, now closely aligned with America, is prepared and ready to fight; Western Germany, actively assisted by the Anglo-Americans, is rapidly building herself into wartime strength and readiness; and the sounder of the smaller nations —Netherlands, Belgium, and Scandinavian countries, Greece and Turkey—are loyal and dependable members of the Western alliance.

AS a vital part of the Cold War, there has been a terrific struggle between the Westerners and the Reds in the zone which extends from Northwest Africa, through Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt, all the Middle East countries, Iraq, Persia, Malaya, to Indo-China, and in which may be included East Africa and Indonesia. For at least a couple of years, we suffered setbacks in all those countries; but, in recent months, the tide is flowing our way. Persia and Iraq have declared themselves for the West, and thus have cleared the way for a very new and important defence alliance between Pakistan, Persia, Iraq and Turkey—another set-back for the Reds, not only in the fact itself, but because this almost certainly will influence further elements of the Moslem world to ally themselves with the West.

Seeing, all this, the uninstructed optimists of our world are insisting that the danger is over —let’s get on with the dancing, the racketeering and the horse-racing. The danger is not past—it never was greater. All that has happened is that we now are better prepared to meet it.

The Muscovite has not in any way abandoned his plan to conquer the world for Communism. In place of the heavy-footed campaigns of Stalin, we have the smooth and clever diplomacy of Malenkoff. The policy of the Reds now is to play for time, while Red armaments are improved, Asiatic countries enlisted and armed, and while Western Socialists are given every opportunity—encouraged and assisted, if possible—to undermine and pull down the established governments of United States, Britain and Germany. We have gained some advantages in the South Asia and Middle East countries; but the underground struggle there is as fierce and uncompromising as ever.

EVERY administrator, planter and trader in the Islands, whether Westerner or Islander, should watch these intensive developments in international relations, and try to fit each event Into the world picture. Each has significance for all people here in the South Pacific.

If the Western alliance which surely will now include Germany and which may include Japan— gains ascendancy, our future here may be secure, and our prospects of happiness good. But if Muscovite and Asiatic Communism should get control, we here have no future —lslander and Westerner alike will disappear under a horrible combination of Red Totalitarianism and Asiatic land-hunger.

Many good people who recognise • the danger allow themselves to < hope that it yet may pass, without. war. They believe that unseen forces behind the Iron Curtain eventually will rise and destroy the ; apostles of Totalitarianism. We can only pray that they are right—the alternative, World War 111, is too < dreadful to contemplate. Our only course is to recognise the danger; build up our armaments; and, while i hoping that the human spirit will i re-assert itself behind the Iron i Curtain, do all that we can do our- selves to combat the social and i political evils that reflect so fre-quently and embarrassingly upon i our own Western system.

Further investigations are being ’ made of the hydro-electric potentialities of the Monosavu Falls, in j the Nadrau Plateau region of cen- tral Viti Levu, Fiji, which the - Governor visited in 1953. The € Government Senior Geologist willl visit the area this May. These t falls are the only likely source ofl hydro-electric power on Fiji’s maim island. fl Captain R. C. Garsia, who wasa Administrator at Nauru from 1933 £ to 1938, died recently in Canberra,,; aged 67. He had a distinguishedb naval career, and was recalled too active service in 1940.

This Sketch-Map shows how the Soviet countries are pressing down on the Middle East, and the importance of the defensive alliance now being made betweens Pakistan, Iraq and Turkey. 14 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY?

Grade Per Ton Fiji Currency Last Year £ s. d. £ s. d.

Plantation 70 15 6 66 5 6 Fair Merchantable Sun-dried 70 10 0 66 0 0

£7O Stg. Fob Is New Basic Copra Price

Ministry of Food Concedes 7½ instead of 10 Per Cent.

IT was announced in Suva on March 2, after negotiations with the British Ministry of Food which had extended over two months, that the Ministry will concede a rise in the copra contract price of only 11 per cent., and that the rate for first-class copra, in 1954 would be £70 Sterling f.o.b. Fiji ports, as compared with £65 in 1953.

This makes the prices to be paid by the Fiji Copra Board to producers in Fiji: At that date, the Australian Department of Territories, through its Copra Marketing Board, still was looking to London for 10 per cent, increase; but when it became known that the British Ministry of Food would rather sacrifice the 9-years’ agreement than concede more than a 71 pef cent, rise, Canberra also accepted £70 Stg. f.o.b., P-NG ports.

It was announced in Canberra on March 12 that the 1954 price to proiucers (retrospective to January 1) for P-NG copra would be (in Australian currency):— Hot air, at Copra Board depots, Papua and New Guinea, £75; (ex ship, Sydney, £97); fair merchantible sun-dried, £74.5 (£97); smokeiried, £71/10/- (£96).

This is a rise of £5A per ton to ;he producer.

All other British S. Pacific Terrifies will follow suit.

This is a development reflecting )adly upon the British authority yhich buys copra. The clear underitanding of the 1949 contract was hat the price should rise or fall )y a maximum of 10 per cent., iccording to the world market. The yorld market, since mid-1953, has >een rising steadily; and in midfanuary the London quotation, c.i.f European ports, was £94/10/- Stg. or Fair Merchantable Straits — vhich on a f.o.b basis is equal to 80 to £82 per ton. Since Britain nsists on buying at £70 Stg., f.o.b., he gets an advantage of at least 10 Stg. per ton on the world market.

Practically ever since the beginling of the MOF contract, Britain las had an advantage of some lounds Sterling per ton over the forld market; and she seems deternined to keep it.

The production of copra in the South Pacific that is subject to the lOF contract may now be 200,000 ons per annum. The 11 per cent, ise is equal to £5 per ton—which leans that the British South Pacific rea, this year, will receive another 1,000,000 in revenue.

MEMBERS of the Fiji Copra Board were by no means satisfied with the final decision —they agreed by only four votes to three to accept the final MOF offer.

Members expressed strong dissatisfaction at the prolonged delay in negotiations and at the attitude of the Ministry of Food in its refusal to agree to an increase of 10 per cent., which all members believed to be fully justified. But the alternative, apparently, was to cancel the MOF agreement and sell the Colony’s copra on the open world market.

Copra Falls

MARCH 5: The Bank of NZ Produce Circular reports that since beginning of Feb., there has been a sharp fall in London copra price— Straits falling from £94 Stg. to £BO Stg. Fall due to cheap palm kernel oil.

NG Cocoa Still at Phenomenal Price FIRM price for New Guinea cocoa beans, landed Sydney in mid- March, was £A475 per ton.

There were unconfirmed reports that one sale had been made at £ASOO per ton.

At that date, high prices had held for eight weeks and no one in the trade was prepared to speculate on whether they would hold indefinitely. The bulk of Australian chocolate manufacture is done in winter months, and manufacturers like to have their raw materials in hand by this time in the year.

This, coupled with a general world shortage of cocoa beans, may have had some influence on the high prices obtained since New Year. (See report on Samoan cocoa, elsewhere in this issue.)

No Second Hotel For

LAE-YET mHE matter of a second hotel at JL Lae, New Guinea, has been temporarily deferred.

It was brought up at the February meeting of the Lae Town Advisory Council, and deferred until March. The Council said it considered there were sufficient liquor licences and accommodation for Lae at present. It was suggested, however, that a second hotel site might be reserved.

It is rumoured that there might be a third hotel for Port Moresby.

It would go to Boroko, at the 4-mile, and cater for the thirsty people along the Rouna Road. There is the big Commonwealth Department of Works mess at 4-mile. Any new hotel would, of course, have also to cater for accommodation.

25 Jap Luggers For Mop

Operations This Year

THE Australian Government has conditionally licensed” 25 Japanese pearling luggers to operate in North Australian waters season —April to November The conditions are that the Japs g™ a P unequivocal undertaking to obey Australia s pearl-fishing laws wiif l afe bet *f at Ja P Pearlers their unequivocal s““*. thlS year ’ any more than they have on any other occasion and that the season will be fw? 6 ? by the usual complaints from Australian pearlers A the , meantime, it is reported that Australian master-pearlers are having difficulty in filling their lugger crews—many of the Torres Strait Islanders, who are the only divers now available to them already having engaged on trochus fishing which began at end of January. Fishing for trochus seems to be a better proposition so far as the Islanders are concerned—they have not got to dive so deep, for one thing.

Japs Arm To Protect

Fishing Boats

It was reported from Japan at the end of February that they will arm eight 500-tons ships in March (Sin. guns and 40 mm cannon) in order to protect their fishing fleets.

A reader, commenting on this development, asks: “Are they going to shoot? And if so, at whom, at what, and where?”

He wonders if they will be visiting Australian or Islands waters and what the reaction of RAN vessels will be—recalling the famous occasion up North, years ago and before the war, when a Navy ship— the Larrakia we think it was— went to apprehend a Jap shellpoaching vessel, broke down, and had to be towed ignominiously back to port by the “apprehended.”

It appears that, one way or another, we are in for interesting times again in the waters north of Australia.

Sydney-Samarai ’Phone Link SAMARAI, Papua, got a telephone link to Australia on March 1.

The new service goes through Port Moresby, and is for 30-minutes a day, five-days a week. The Samarai service means that 30minutes less is available for the Moresby ’phone link. Samarai businessmen have been pressing for the link for some time.

Lae, apparently, is next on the list for a link with Australia. This link will also go through Port Moresby. 15 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Prominent Fiji-Indian in Singapore Constellation Crash ONE of the victims of the BOAC Constellation crash at Singapore on March 13, was Pandit Ami Chandra, of Fiji.

He was on his way to the UK, on a Fiji Government bursary, to spend 4 h months studying teaching methods in secondary schools, and the Trade Union movement there.

He was principal of DAV College, Samabula, and President of the Fiji Industrial Workers’ Congress, and one of the most scholarly Indians of Fiji. He graduated from Gurukula University, Kangri, Hardwar, in the United Provinces of India in 1922, going to Fiji in 1927, where he was appointed Head Master of the Gurukula Navosa, Lautoka. In 1946 he took his Diploma of Education at Auckland. In 1947-50 he was a Nominated Member of the Fiji Legislative Council. In 1948 he returned to New Zealand to complete his MA Degree, and in the following year was a member of the Fiji Delegation to the Pacific Science Congress meeting at Christchurch, NZ. .. * He has been vice-president and president of the Fiji Teachers’

Union, is the author of educational books in Hindi used in Fiji schools, and recently became a member of the Fiji Broadcasting Commission.

Last December he was one of a small delegation which went from Fiji to New Caledonia to study labouring conditions pffered by mining and plantation interests to Fiji Indian labourers there.

Pandit Ami Chandra was closely associated with the formation of Labour Unions in Fiji. As father and almost sole adviser to these infant Unions he undoubtedly had a great influence in the Labour Movement in the colony and a great responsibility to keep them on the right track.

He was a “moderate,” and greatly respected by all sections of the community.

He is survived by his wife and a son and daughter in Fiji, by two daughters in NZ and another in India.

New RA For Mauke MR. N. B. Stanaway, late Resident Agent, Mauke Island, Cooks, currently on leave in New Zealand, has tendered his resignation.

Mr. John Webb of Rarotonga is at present Acting RA, Mauke, and Mr. James Coombs, who has been RA for Penrhyn and is at present on leave in NZ, will be permanent RA- , In line with NZ policy, a Cook Is. Maori may now be appointed to Penrhyn.

Big Airline Deals Expected IT is expected that by the end of March it will be announced that Qantas Empire Airways has absorbed British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines by buying out the shares of the British and New Zealand Governments; and that the Australian and New Zealand Governments have bought out the British Government’s shares in TEAL.

It is believed that QEA will sell the four DC-6 planes, now used by BCPA, to TEAL which will gradually replace its present Solent flyingboats with these for the trans- Tasman services, and that QEA will use Super-Constellations on the trans-Pacific service. fl The newly-appointed Director of Education of Fiji, Mr. Lewis Jones, arrived in Sydney in early January

Ample Electricity Now

FOR UPOLU WITH the completion of a new' 300 KW diesel power genera- ■ tor at Salvalalo Public t Works Department headquarters, „ near Apia, W. Samoa’s immediate i. power famine is ended.

Last of the equipment recently arrived at Apia after a delay of 2i i years, due to the having other priority contracts to>c fill.

Work on the Avele hydro-schemee is progressing steadily. The turbines is now under test with the manu— facturers and should be shipped toe Apia in March. It is hoped, oar present indications, to complete thes Avele scheme by October. The pipeline and headworks are now complete on the site.

Avele will provide an additional!. 1500 KW.

In addition, another diesel plant!, of 300 KW should come into operation at about the same time or a£ little earlier.

Fiji Sportsmen in New Zealand This southern summer season has been a busy one for Fiji sportsmen. There three separate teams have been touring New Zealand. They are (top to bottom Fiji Yachtsmen who took part in the 18-footer World Championships held this yes in Auckland. The Fijian cricketers who have been touring New Zealand. And party of Fijian athletes who also took part In events in the Dominion. 16 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

The Editors' Mailbag

Ward Williams' Party Saw Telefomin in 1936-37 Mr. Eric Petterson, who was one of the men who made the journey from the Sepik to the Fly via Telefomin when the Japs invaded New Guinea in 1942, supplies some corrections to the history of that area which was told in December PIM.

It was stated there that no Europeans had actually been in Telefomin between the visit of Karius and Champion in 1928, and Taylor and Black almost 10 years later. He writes: “. . . I know that Ward Williams must have had quite a big station there in 1936 and early 1937. The late Bill Korn, with Joe Burke and Wally Kienzel were the groundparty, and were supplied by plane drops until they constructed a runway at Telefomin. On our journey through the Telefomin valley (in 1942) we camped for a week alongside the old strip. You will perhaps remember that Bill Korn was mining with the late Gerry Keogh at Yamil (near Maprik in the Sepik district) in 1940. It was then that I first heard of Telejfomin, and read something of the Williams’ expedition. Bill told me that Townssnd, then D. O. Sepik Dist., had aeen flown in to make an inspection )f the work going on on the strip.

“One other thing we found in )ur stay in the valley was that the lanakas had a livelier memory of Bill Korn and Joe Burke than of my other white men they had seen.”

He is no doubt perfectly correct.

FT knew that Ward Williams and )thers had been in the area, but vhen writing the December article lad assumed from a line in Taylor’s eport that they had not actually )een in Telefomin—or that part of he area where the Government itation is now situated.

Checking back now, PlM’s account >f the Ward Williams’ expedition n 1936-37 was of the sketchiest, md approached from the Papuan md. We reported them briefly in he upper reaches of the Fly, and leading towards the NG-DNG ►order, but at no time, except by nference, that they were ever in >epik country.

Those were still the days when he NG interior literally swallowed ip expeditions of that sort—and his one, so far as finding payable :old-dredging areas was concerned -was a failure.

In April, 1938, we reported that Yard Williams, who was an Amerian mining engineer, was away pmewhere on a similar quest in he mountains of Nicaragua.

Mr. Petterson reports that Stuart Campbell, who was Williams’ chief pilot in the PNG venture, led one of the expeditions to Heard Island some years ago.

Well-Earned Honour “I was glad to notice that our old friend, Wong You, well-known merchant in Bougainville, New Guinea, has been given the honour of inclusion in the special Territories delegation which will see the Queen at Cairns,” writes a Sydney merchant.

“He started trading, long years ago, with nothing. Industry and probity won him success and he was in a big way when the Japs invaded. He was made a prisoner, and his stores were wiped out. He owed us £430 for goods supplied.

He never got the goods—and he was ruined, anyway. We wrote it off.

“Somehow, Wong escaped, and • spent the remaining war years dodging the enemy among the villages where, incidentally, he did much to help our Intelligence organisation. Soon after the war ended, Wong You, now nearly 60, went back and started all over again. A few months later, to our astonishment, he sent us the £430.

A typical Chinese trader.

“He tells us, in a letter this week, that his inclusion in the party to see the Queen, as representing the Chinese section, ‘is the greatest honour and pleasure of my life.’

“Maybe, as you say, the Asiatics in the South Pacific are a bit of a problem. But they would be less of a problem if they were all Chinese, and like Wong You.”

Crime in Solomons The Criminal Sittings of the High Commissioner’s Court were held here in January,” writes a resident of Honiara, BSI. “Six natives, guilty of nine offences, got sentences ranging from 18 months to seven years. I was struck by the proportion of sex offences—two of rape, and three of carnal knowledge. The only other crimes were manslaughter (1), attempt to strangle (1) and theft (1).”

Fish —Whole or in Part As stated in February PIM, the strangely truncated fish shown on page 73 is undoubtedly a sun fish (writes a reader), and he says that it has the scientific name of Ranzanta truncata— with a worldwide distribution in tropical and temperate seas. The variety, according to Norman & Fraser’s standard work Giant Fishes, Whales and Dolphins, rarely exceeds 2 feet in length. They generally drift close to the surface in sunny weather, lying on one side. When swimming they assume an upright position but move forward in a zig-zag, wavy motion from side to side.

As an auxiliary engine, these fish can eject a powerful jet of water from their gills, or from their mouth when going astern. Drifting with the current, they will allow a boat to come right alongside them and are said to be “extremely stupid,” frequently making no attempt to escape when speared.

ORIENT CO.’S WINTER-

Spring Cruise Programme

Port Moresby Included ALL of the post-war Islands cruises by overseas ships have been in the Southern summer, which is the worst possible time to go to the tropics.

At the beginning of March, however, the Orient Co., announced a programme of winter and spring cruises from Sydney this year.

The programme is: Orion, from Sydney to Tonga, Fiji and New Zealand, August 13, for 17 days; Orion, from Sydney on September 1, to Port Moresby and the Great Barrier Reef for 13 days. Orion, from Sydney on November 4, to Fiji, via Brisbane, 13 days.

Fate Of Niue Murderers

Still Undecided

REPLYING to a further appeal in New Zealand on the part of the Howard League for Penal Reform, for reconsideration of the case of the three Niue Islanders, condemned to death for the murder of Resident Commissioner C. H. W.

Larsen, the NZ Attorney-General (who is also NZ Minister of Island Territories) announced on February 23 that the request had been placed before Cabinet in Wellington but that Cabinet had decided not to do anything.

This decision will not affect the hearing of the appeal to the Privy Council which has been lodged against the NZ Full Court decision.

The case is still being fought in NZ newspapers, particularly between supporters of the LMS, on the one hand, and the Mormon Mission, on the other.

Fiji postage stamps of 2d, 1/- and 2/6 denominations, bearing the portrait of Queen Elizabeth instead of the portraits of the late King George VI, were issued in the Colony on February 1. 17 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Royal Visit In Retrospect:

God Save Our Gracious Queen!

(And, Particularly, The Duke of Edinburgh) THE Royal Progress rolls on. The other day, in Melbourne, the Duke of Edinburgh received his sixth gift walking stick. He received the first in Fiji. He didn’t say it —but he probably thought: “What do they think I am—a cripple?”

By the time you read this, the Tour will be winding to a close in South Australia and Western Australia. The Queen has already opened five Parliaments —with one more to go. She has a reprieve from this formal duty in Queensland and WA—possibly because these two States have no Upper House, and the Lower House is always traditionally tabu to the Sovereign.

In each city there have been a Royal Progress, a civic reception or welcome, a returned servicemen’s rally, school children’s rallies, a State dinner, a State ball (Melbourne had two balls), a Garden Party. Frequently, a luncheon for Her Majesty with women’s organisations; a concert, a film show, an opera, or some other entertainment. In each country town there have been speeches of welcome by the Mayor (or Shire President), children’s rallies, servicemen’s rallies, country shows, fleeting visits to rural industries.

There have been variations on this theme —but that is the general pattern. By March, with still a month to go, journalists are running short on words in which to describe the same things, differently; radio commentators are producing the same running descriptions with deadly monotony.

AND what of Her Majesty? As some reader from Fiji has already written: the Queen seems to have an inner strength.

He did not mean exactly what we mean—but whatever she has, in order to sustain her on those monotonous occasions, she surely needs it.

And the Duke? Her Majesty, in a sense, has been brought up to withstand these public ordeals, and, from observation, I should say that within the established customs of these formal occasions she is entirely comfortable.

The Duke, on the other hand, has not been so brought up. Being an entirely human young man, he must find some of the repetitious formalities cruelly boring. During the Canberra festivities, at the presentation of new Colours at Duntroon, when duty compelled him to dress up in the tight pants and accoutrements of a Field Marshal and stand in the boiling sun, on an alien parade ground, he looked positively unhappy. * * * APART from the Royal Party itself, the Tour is made up of four sections; • The VlP’s, mostly political, who are seen everywhere; same people, different clothes. • The comparatively small number of people who know someone who knows someone and can thus obtain an invitation to some of the functions. ® The crowds—the mobs, if you like it that way—whose place is behind the barriers. • And the Press.

You may think that you dislik© both the last two categories. But.? without them, the Tour would hav©' long since fallen flat on its face. .

A few newspapers, have departed from good taste arid) fair play in order to get a storyjor play up an angle; but on the whole, their conduct has been all that could be desired.

Between 60 and 80 press men ano women are with the Tour continu-i ally. They do everything that the: Royal pair do—and, in additionn write their stories, catch their dead-i lines, look after themselves, try toj catch some sleep, keep an eye on. their laundry, their transport, a hairi cut or a hair-set, live in suitcases a but appear well-groomed at any y thing from a kids’ rally to a StaW Ball.

By nature they are a cynicas tribe. Yet their sole purpose seem;n to have been to build up this Royas Tour—when, at times, it would hav«v been fatally easy for them to down. The Press has been thtii vehicle on which the Tour has rolleoe on, on oiled wheels.

NOW, the crowds. It is my opinioitc that it is from these that th'ri Queen draws that thing whicKo our reader called “inner strength..!

The “Queen” feeling”, engendered in a large waiting crowd—maS3i hysteria, if you want to put it thacj way—is quite a different thing td the feeling engendered in a selecD? few VlP’s at an exclusive occasionc And the Queen, driving, smilinin and waving through cheering peoplic —when they keep at a safe distfg ance —appears a different being tit New Guinea troops, led by Major M.

Bishop, give three cheers for Her Majesty, in Canberra on February 15.

Photo by courtesy Sydney Daily Telegraph. 18 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

the rather remote young creature who makes her formal appearance Delore the select VlP’s.

Occasionally the crowds have beoome mobs, have been badly behaved; but generally—and in the 'Circumstances—they have behaved well. They have waited for hours -in teeming rain or blistering sun, packed a dozen deep, knowing full well that only a fraction of them will see anything more than a white, gloved hand raised in salute, or the brim of a tiny hat, in one fleeting glimpse.

It is all very like a stage production: The Queen and the Duke as the principals; the VlP’s as the bit players—often only the props on which lavish gowns and gentlemen’s best suitings are displayed; the crowds as the audience—pushed and harried and crushed, thrust as far off as possible behind the barriers, phenomenally patient from them come the cheers, the Her Majesty sbares a Jo ke with Major Bishop as they inspect the guard. Men of the PNGVR in background.

AT RIGHT; Her Majesty examining the album of protographs which Minister for Territories Paul Hasluck is holding. It was a gift from the combined Territories. Mrs. Hasluck in background.

Daily Telegraph and Sydney Morning Herald photos.

AT LEFT: Gavera, of Hanuabada, Port Moresby, makes his bow to the Queen. AT RIGHT: Mr. Don Barrett, MLC, of Rabaul, chats with Mrs. D. M. Cleland, wife of P-NG’s Administrator, after the Territories’ function at Canberra on February 15. —Sydney Morning Herald photos.

applause, the approval. Without them there would be no show. ♦ ❖ * The crowds have had a raw deal, on the whole. Yet, it is hard to see how it could ever be any different.

There have been the usual cries that the VlP’s and the politicians were monopolising the Royal couple; that they should be allowed to meet ordinary people; or young people or some other kind of people. But generally, it is difficult to see how this could be done. The crowd could not be let loose about them, that is certain —they would be crushed to death in the process.

But even if ordinary folks could be divided into manageable congregations I. personally, feel that the Queen would probably find it a considerable ordeal. Although she obviously has a deep feeling for the crowd —“my people”—a n d reacts tremendously to their enthusiasm and applause, she appears much more at ease in carrying out, in prescribed form, the tasks she is used to, than when she meets up unexpectedly with the unexpected.

Then there is a momentary hesitation and a feeling of restraint.

The Duke, of course, is another proposition. There is probably nothing he would like better than to meet a lot of strange people doing strange things.

One Canberra citizen —who waited eight hours in the rain to catch a glimpse of Her Majesty’s white glove as she flashed past, wearing her magnificent Coronation gown, on her way to open Federal Parliament on February 15 —has a solution to this business of the masslook. He suggested that the Queen sit on a saluting platform while the citizenry drive past her. Much more comfortable for the citizens, and probably no worse for Her Majesty than a march-past of massed troops.

H 5 H 5 % THE Territories’ gathering on the lawns of Government House, Canberra, on the forenoon of February 15, I think, could have served as an experiment in letting the Royal pair meet the people.

Territorians themselves seemed very content with the proceedings, but to me it appeared a very formal little ceremony which could have had some of the stiffening removed without harming anyone. The Queen, on this occasion, seemed more remote and solemn than usual, and press photographers had to work hard for a smiling photograph.

The Royal dais was flanked on one side by a great body of tophatted, frock-coated Federal politicians and their ladies; and on the other, by an equal-sized body of diplomats and their wives, all in exotic array.

The party would have been just as happy without them; and then, perhaps, Her Majesty and His Royal Highness would have felt inclined to chat informally with the assembled Territories people, after the more formal presentations were over.

Each of those delegates has led an interesting life, in places remote from the ken of either of our Royal visitors. All have a story to tell, and all Territorians like to talk. Here was a small group, of say 30, who could, if spared 30 minutes of precious Royal time, have given the visitors at least a glimpse of life in strange countries which they will probably never see.

The conversations attending the formal presentations, although they looked impressive enough as reported in the newspapers, in reality were of only a few seconds’ duration.

THE conversation which Simogun, the native New Guinea Legislative Councillor, had with the Duke has been variously built up in the newspapers into many paragraphs.

Actually, Simogun bowed to the Duke, shook hands and the Duke asked him a question. Simogun replied in Pidgin—probably to the effect that he spoke only Pidgin. The Duke craned his neck forward in that characteristic attitude of his and looked as though he were saying, in some surprise, “U-m-m?”; and Simogun, evidently feeling that this was a conversation that led nowhere, moved on.

It was over in four seconds, flat.

After the presentations, the speeches and the acceptance by Her Majesty of the Territories’ gift photo album, the Royal party went straight back indoors. * * * IWAS standing a few yards from a the dais —close enough to hear * Minister Hasluck when he pre- sented the Territories’ gift—but not d close enough to hear what the Ad- ministrator of the Northern Terri- tory said in his Address of Loyalty on behalf of all the Territories rep- resented. The microphones were? out of action and came on only y after Her Majesty began her reply..

To the uninstructed onlooker,, what happened was this: A worried-looking man appeared on the dais,,; read a few sentences from a paper,, in an inaudible voice, presented it d to the Queen, and hurriedly withdrew.

I was therefore surprised to findb that, according to the official handout, the Northern Territory’s Administrator said this: “To Her Most Excellent Majesty Elizabeth 11.

“May it please Your Most Graciousei Majesty— “We, the Administrators of the Australian Territories respectfully desire to con—i vey to you and to His Royal Highness, thC9i Duke of Edinburgh, the affectionate greet—j ings of the peoples of those Territoriese-i and, on their behalf, to tender to you ann expression of devotion and loyalty to thes.

Throne and to Your Majesty.

“The delegations here to-day have corner thousands of miles to bring this messages to you. They have come from the fam north and the centre of the continent, from the Island of Norfolk, sen-? gem-like in the South Pacific, from thon tropical richness and mountain splendours! of Papua and New Guinea, and fromm Nauru, the loneliest outpost of all, lyingr just below the equator in mid-Pacific.

These Territories are still engaged imx the work of pioneering and development/! and the guardianship and advancement/! of dependent peoples. Both the nativov (Continued on Pagre 13”) Same Titles—Different Hats Mrs. Cleland, Brigadier D. M. Cleland (Administrator of P-NG), Brigadier H. B.

Norman (Administrator of Norfolk Is.) and Mrs. Norman, photographed at the Royal Garden Party in Canberra, in February. Gentlemen wore any sort of headgear they fancied in Canberra during the Royal Visit, but so hot was the controversy about it— those who wore felt hats feeling superior to those who wore toppers, and vice-versa Prime Minister Menzies felt called upon to read a public homily on the subject which, in effect, said that the hat didn’t matter-it was what went on underneath it that counted. There is this to be said further, however: the felt hat is typically Austral, and. normally, toppers are rarer than fezzes. —Sydney Morning Herald photo. 20 MARCH. 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Kenaf Trouble

American Expert Is Angry AN American Kenaf expert, Mr.

J. Dempsey, in Port Moresby on March 4, accused P-NG Agriculture officials of neglect and indifference in relation to Kenaf production.

Mr. Dempsey was brought out by the Administration two years ago to give advice regarding the establishment of the Kenaf fibre industry. In co-operation with the Administration, certain Territories interests (led by R. A. Colyer, of Colyer Watson and Co. Ltd.) began the planting of Kenaf at Eriama Estates, some ten miles from Port Moresby.

The chief objects of the plan were to give Australia, spending millions of pounds on woolpacks, an alternative to jute; and to give the Territories a new industry.

Mr. Dempsey gave certain emphatic advice regarding the propagation of types of Kenaf suitable for P-NG, and especially care of seeds, development of new varieties, etc. When he returned, last month, he says, he found that his advice had been ignored, with the result that important experiments had not been carried out, and those concerned had had to go to Cuba, at a cost of £3,000, to get seed which should have been available in Papua.

He said scathingly that “it is almost as though agricultural officers did not want Kenaf established here.”

Reply By Department

Replying on March 9 to Mr.

Dempsey’s complaints, the P-NG Acting Director of Agriculture said ;hat: • The Dept, had experimented with trial seed crops in 8 iifferent localities in Papua and in STG and proved that the only safe irea for seed production was in dry aelt near Moresby. • The compete technique for kenaf seed promotion had not been worked out inywhere in the world—even in Hr. Dempsey’s part of Florida. • rhe failure of the 1951-52 seed :rop in Papua was due to unseasonible rain, not Departmental neglect. » Uneven germination of the 1953- *4 crop at 10-mile—a part of the Lnama project—was due to inadeluate land preparation. • The nachines Mr. Dempsey had recommended for decortication were ailures; when Eriama approached Dept, in 1953 to bring Mr. Dempsey o P-NG a second time, the Dept, vould not support the proposal but Administration reversed the de- ;ision when Eriama asked again, itatmg that they wanted him to )e there for trials of the Mohegan lecorticator which they were importing and which Mr. Dempsey •Derates in USA. The Administra- 10n and Eriama shared his extenses.

Urgent Talks At High

LEVEL THE PIM understands that this whole matter of the establishment of the Kenaf industry in P-NG is under urgent and toplevel discussion in Australia.

Australia spends millions annually on jute for her two major industries, wool and wheat. It is believed that Indian interests are determined to kill the infant Kenaf industry.

The chief question is: In view of the probability of war, sooner or later, between Pakistan and Hindustani—or, at any rate, war in Southern Asia—dare Australia allow the Kenaf enterprise to be strangled at birth, thus making it possible for her major industries to be again at the mercy of Indian interests.

After the war, the high price demanded for jute caused woolpacks to rise to 29/-. After the Kenaf enterprise got under way, jute was steadily reduced, until now woolpacks are 14/-. Enough said!

Do You Remember?

From PIM of 20 Years ago.

ALTHOUGH the price of copra was still at a disastrously low level, strangely, we said little about it in our March, 1934, issue of PIM. Although planters everywhere were still taking it in the neck financially, most of our news that month concerned New Guinea and Papua, where gold-mining was very much the thing. In those days “Gold” and “New Guinea” were almost synonymous terms. A great many of the advertisements concerned gold mining machinery, or were directed at gold miners.

Here are some other extracts from the March, 1934 issue: Japanese MOP poachers were reported up around the Torres Strait. It was said that, as well as stealing shell, they were trafficking in lubras, ruining the northern shell beds and causing prices of MOP to fall. * * * Due to representations of the Governor of Fiji, Sir Murchison Fletcher, who had journeyed to Australia for that purpose, it was reported that Australia ‘‘take a more reasonable attitude on the importation of Fiji bananas in future.” (Hard results seemed, subsequently, to be nil; Australia did not get any more Fiji bananas). * * * Another expedition, all British this time, had set out from Papeete, Tahiti, for Cocos Island. They hoped to discover the Peruvian treasure said to have been buried here in the days of pirates and Spanish galleons. * * * Mr. O. F. Nelson, Man leader in Western Samoa, was convicted of sedition after a long-drawn-out trial in Apia, and had been sentenced to 10 years’ exile in NZ as well as eight months’ imprisonment.

He had, only a few months previously, returned to Western Samoa from five years banishment in NZ. * * * Prohibition had ended in USA and we reported “. The S-masted vessel •Marechal Foch’, now owned by the heirs of Pere Kogier has just returned to Papeete after delivering the last load of whisky to the bootleggers’ mother-ship stationed off the Mexican coast. V* said that Tahiti mourned the end of this profitable grog-running industry. * * * Under a heading: “Twin Sisters Spit at Each Other,”, we said that the plan to amalgamate Papua and New Guinea was not popular. A Rabaul correspondent wrote ‘‘The Legislative Council scorns the idea and insists that NG be left alone to develop along her own lines.” A Port Moresby correspondent had this to say; “. . .So New Guinea thinks it would be an ‘insufferable indignity’ to be tied to a ‘stagnant Territory like Papua.’ Let us say that Papua has never seriously considered the idea . . . Papua has not the slightest wish to be merely a port of entry and recruiting ground for NG.” * * * There had been a series of clashes between wild bush natives and Administration forces, NW of the Morobe goldfields area in New Guinea. One European, Captain B. McGrath, prospecting for a Melbourne mining syndicate, had been killed by natives and in a sixhours’ battle between native police under District Officer E. Taylor, 19 natives were killed and 16 wounded. There were also some wounded on the Administration side. (And strangely enough, there then was no one in New Guinea or without, to shout “Mau-Mau uprising!”) Better Bring Your Own, Boys!

Australian Rugby union enthusiasts are already preparing for the 1954 tour of the Fijian footballers, due to start about May.

The Fijian team which paid a visit to NSW and Brisbane a couple of years ago, was tremendously popular and Australians have not forgotten the boost they gave to amateur sport.

Neither have they forgotten the appetites of the Fijians. The NSW Rugby Union has already set aside £3OO in a “milk and fruit” fund which they will distribute to the hotels where the Fijians stop during the tour, to enable the proprietors to buy these extras.

When this fund was started, it was explained that it had cost the Union £43 in one week during the last tour to provide these items and that Fijians eat an enormous quantity of bananas.

The disastrous cyclone that lashed Queensland and NSW in February ruined most of the banana plantations and it is expected that bananas will be in very short supply, if not off the market altogether, for the next 12 months. So it might be as well if the Fijians brought some of their own. 21 ‘ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 19 54

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Britain And

New Hebrides

3 Alternatives; and Why a Change is Needed From a Special Correspondent NOUMEA, Feb. 27.

IT was to be expected that high officialdom would deny all the reports that Britain contemplates the abandonment of .her share in the New Hebrides, owing to the economic hopelessness of the British outlook in the Condominium, and the cost of maintaining her administration there.

Probably, no decisions have yet been reached; probably, no recommendation yet has been made to the British Colonial Office; but I can tell you, quite definitely, that the new High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Sir Robert Stanley, has had the whole matter under review, and that he will not allow the set-up to drift along purposelessly as it has done for 30 or 40 years. I understand that the following are the three alternatives which are being considered by the British, and these alternatives are bound up, in some degree, with the Anglo-French conference to take place in Honiara within a few days: • Britain shall give up her share of the New Hebrides Condominium, in return for some territorial concession elsewhere. • Britain’s share in the New Hebrides shall be taken over by Australia. (This is regarded by the British as a logical development, but the Australian Government has refused to show any interest in the proposal.) • The Condominium Government at Por t Vila shall be streamlined, and made to function more efficiently. There still would be two Re sident Commissioners: but, instead of each nation having separate departments dealing with the same thing, there would be a joint staff, half of the officials British and half French.

The last alternative, I believe, is the one likely to receive close discussion in the Honiara conference.

At present, each national office in Honiara has its own Public Works official, as well as there being a Condominium Public Works Department—a costly set-up.

There also is acute dissatisfaction with the Joint Court. When the two judges (one British and one French) cannot agree, there is no decision. The Condominium agree-' ment provides that there shall be a chief judge or President (neither British nor French) who shall give a casting vote in such cases; but there has been no President for at least ten years.

There is need, also, for some sort of Supreme Court to which appeal can be made against the decisions of the Resident Commissioners.

The latter (subject only to tneir respective High Commissioners) have dictatorial powers, and residents in the new Hebrides cite some cases of glaring injustice, as a result of it. Notably, there have been pro-French decisions by the French RC, and pro-British verdicts by the British RC, based on fundamentally opposite ideas of colonial policy.

I learn here that, in addition to the two High Commissioners and two Resident Commissioners, the Honiara Conference also will be attended by Mr. Peebles, a British Administration official from Port Vila, and Mr. Banner, an inspector of French Colonies, from France, 23 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— MARCH, 1954

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There is current here an interesting, but completely unofficial, report that the United States is taking a keen interest in possible future developments here in New Caledonia and in the New Hebrides.

Could be.

Dumb Comnlarpnrv of P . . note AL Australia !

IT truly is an astonishing thing that while Australia is prepared to spend millions upon idealistic conceptions like an Antarctic Expedition and the Colombo Plan, she declines to show any interest whatever in the present condition and probable future of the New Hebrides and Solomons archipelagoes, which are her very near neighbours in the northeast.

Maybe, as the conspicuously unimaginative gentlemen who run the Australian Government from Canberra insist, Australia already has all the administrative and financial problems she wants in the Islands groups of New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago; and that it is hard, practical commonsense to leave the other groups to their present reluctant masters. But if it is wise to try to placate Asia with a Colombo Plan, how much wiser is it to keep some sort of control over New Hebrides and Solomons!

It is not so long ago that Asians seized and occupied the Solomons, within easy flying distance of the Australian coastline.

Fifty years ago, Australia might have sat complacently at home, and ignored the implications of an enemy’s presence in New Hebrides and Solomons. To-day, with aviation and radio and guided missiles in their present stage of development, such complacency is sheer lunacy.

Our correspondent reports that United States may be interested in what is going on around the Southwest Pacific. That would not be surprising. The Americans are far more realistic and enterprising than the Australians.

Visit by a High Official THE President of the French Overseas Territories Commission, Senator Henri Lafleur, has arrived in the South Pacific, on an official inspection of conditions in French Oceania, New Caledonia and the New Hebrides. He is giving particular attention to industries, health and education.

It may be merely a coincidence that Senator Lafleur has arrived in the South Pacific while the leading officials of the British and French High Commissions for the Western Pacific (responsible for Solomon Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Gilbert and Ellice, etc.) are meeting formally at Honiara, in the Solomons.

Senator Lafleur will return to Paris at the end of April.

Honours for M. Angamarre P. MORESBY, March 1.

THE French High Commissioner in the Western Pacific, M, Raoul Angamarre, Governor of New Caledonia, en route from Noumea to Honiara for a conference, was accorded special honours when passing through Papua and New Guinea. The Deputy Administrator, Judge Phillips, met him at Jacksons Airfield, here; and there was a guard of honour for him at every airfield on his way through to Rabaul.

Poor Transport Service

Editorial No'e\ The bankruptcy of the Australian-controlled transport system in the Northwest Pacific Territories of New Caledonia, New Hebrides and Solomons is illustrated in the case of the Governor of New Caledonia, and the Resident Commissioners in the New Hebrides, who were due to attend a conference in Honiara (in the Solomons, alongside New Hebrides). To get there, these high officials flew south to Sydney; thence flew by another air service to Lae, in New Guinea; thence by another air service from From left to right.—Mr. Sanner, a French Colonies Inspector, from Paris; Dr. J. S. Cumpston, Consul for Australia in New’ Caledonia; Mr. Raoul Angamarre, High Commissioner for France in Western Pacific and Governor of New Caledonia; Judge Flaxman, British Resident Commissioner in New Hebrides; Mr. Anthonioz, French Resident Commissioner in New Hebrides. This group was photographed in Noumea in February, just before all the officials, except Dr. Cumpston, left for the conference with Sir Robert Stanley in Honiara, BSIP. 24 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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McDonald, of Nukunono, Tokelaus, reined to Wanganui, NZ, on vacation [?]fter 11 years absence from New Zealand, he last six as the only male European m the Tokelaus. 25 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Png Prepares For Sewers

And Exported Cray-Fish

TAILS VIRTUALLY all of the PNG Government Gazette of February 17-over 50 pages-is devoted to meticulous rules and regulations under which sewerage work may be undertaken in the Territory. It covers everything—from the definition of a slop-hopper to the form of licence to be issued to sanitary plumbers and sanitary drainers.

Somewhere in the regulations, it states that for natives an “Asiatic’' type of pan may be provided—by which we conclude that, in these respects, natives and Asiatics are to be regarded as different to Europeans.

In a Gazette in January a large amount of space was devoted to the regulations under which the export, freezing, packing and canning of tuna and crayfish tails might be undertaken, Both sets of regulations are what might be termed “forward looking.”

As far as we know, there is no sewered area (within or without “the meaning of the act”) in PNG nor is any contemplated in the immediate future.

The same applies to frozen Crayfish tails or canned tuna. (A former NSW superintendent of Fisheries said recently in Sydney that it was a reflection on Australian enterprise that her tuna resources had not been developed and that it was known that there was an abundance of between Northern Australia ? wflf mean hinf ff j™ are evef hi?eri i a how ) PS ar6 6V61 hired to show us '

District Services Men

Away For 4 More Weeks

OF SCHOOL For 32 weeks of the coming year, eight officers of the PNG District Services Department will be “out 0 f service” attending malaria-control school at Minj in the We3tern Highlands.

At the time of the murder of Harris and Szarka, near Telefomin late last year, it was officially stated that the District Services Department was desperately short of officers. At the same time, 37 officers of the same department were on a 2-years’ course at the Sydney School of Tropical Administration.

The Director of Health considers that malaria is the major health problem of the Territory, As well as the 4-weeks’ course for 64 District Services personnel, there will be longer courses for field staff of the PHD. and three-months’ courses for native personnel, ODDMENTS The But census district of the Wewak Sub-District has been closed More and more new business premises are appearing In Lae, New Guinea.

This store was opened recently in Seventh Street. 27 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954

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Burns Philp (NG) Ltd. have been successful in a tender for an allotment of land at Goroka, Eastern Highlands. Does this mean that 'this growing < Hu|h lands town’ growing Highlands In ' the Government Gazette of January 27, a Town Advisory Council was established for Wewak, Northern New Guinea.

In the same Gazette tenders were called for the right to collect and sell “underwater war surplus materials” below high water mark in (a) port of Kavieng; (b) port of Samarai; (c) port of Finchhafen, Langemak, Dreger; (d) Milne Bay; (e) Oro Bay; (f) coast between Raihu River, Aitape, to the Dutch border; (g) a distance of one mile around the islands of Mushu and Kairuru; (h) part of Seadler Harbour in the Admiralties. Rights are for 12 months and tenders are to be on a royalty basis “that is to say, payment of a percentage.

Large Shipment Of Highland

Passion Fruit Goes South

When the Burns Philp ship Manaola left Lae in February it took with it 18 tons of passion-fruit pulp from the Goroka area of the Highlands. It was consigned to Cottee, the Australian firm of fruit processors who sponsored, under Mr.

George Greathead’s guidance, the passion-fruit industry around Garoka.

This is the largest single shipment of passion-fruit pulp from the Highlands, to date.

No O Ld Clothes, Please

At Kavieng on February 23. three Indian seamen from the M angola were each fined £5O for bringing a^nermit' 1140 N G “ l ‘J ea Admhiistrat?on snokesman P, n JA^. lnl ?L r A tl0 ? f said to-day that it had dcgh suspected that some crew members 0 f ships from Far Eastern ports had been smuggling second-hand, unfumigated clothes into the Territory and selling them to natives.

Such clothes carried with them a serious danger of introducing disease,

Rabaul Solicitor Returns

As Temporary Judge

Mr Tllstipp Runprt Charles Alfred oilerenshaw was appointed an Act i ne judge of the Supreme Court of Pa g Dua | nd New Guinea during absence on leave of Mr. Justice Kelly. Mr. Justice Gore is at pre- Port M orelbf f?om Austrato on February 24, and was sworn in by the Acting Administrator, Mr. Justice Phillips.

Mr. Justice Ollerenshaw’s appointment will be for three months.

Prior to the war he was in practice as a barrister and solicitor at Rabaul for several years; since the war he has been practising at the New South Wales Bar.

High Pay For Young

OFFICERS The PNG Government Gazette of February 11 advertised that there were vacancies for 15 cadet patrol officers between the ages of 18 and Starting salary ranged from £567 at 18, to £920 at 23. to U V TwniTQTRv 1 iJUO 11 Further Administration assistance to the infant kenaf industry in Papua, was given in February when imported materials for establishing a kenaf factory were exempted from Customs duty.

The material exempted includes material for factory building, electrical equipment for installing Power and Ught, generators, conduit> wirin g- etc - machinery, shaftm S> bearings, workshop and laboratory equipment, bale strap- PmS- ADMINISTRATION’S GENEROUS :

Short Holiday Scheme

Full details of the short holiday scheme for PNG public servants at Wau, NG, have recently been an- ■ nounced.

Six houses are available for periods i of two weeks, rental being £4/15 - ■ per week per cottage.

The Administration will also help 28 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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More Co-Ops For Milne Bay

DISTRICT Co-Operatives officer, E. O.

Graham has transferred the headquarters of the organisation in the Milne Bay District, Papua, from Labe, to Samarai.

Milne Bay District is an active area for Native Co-operative Societies and it was expected that, after a survey in February, further societies would be formed on the Suau coast where the people are anxious to establish a society.

The Co-op vessel Moutuana is Kept busy and has recently made visits to Woodlark and Conflict Islands as well as to societies in Milne Bay.

Japs Show Preference For

RABAUL Rabaul had a visit from the Japs on February 6, but it was a little different from 1942, They needed help this time.

The fishing vessel Azuma Maru, of 148 tons, radioed from about 100-miles out a few days before that it had a crew member suffering from appendicitis, and was given permission to land him.

Two other vessels called on similar quests later—another appendix and a broken collar-bone.

Some Australian newspapers have chosen to make a mystery out of the incidents. They cannot understand why the Japs always pick Rabaul when they could go as easily to Honiara hospital, or maybe Buin.

One Island wit has suggested that, perhaps, they have seen Honiara hospital.

The newspapers infer that trie Japs are again up to tricks—probably spying. If the Japs do not know everything there is to be known about Rabaul now, after 31 years occupation during the war, then they will never know.

Perhaps someone on the Jap ships has a nostalgia for Rabaul; perhaps, by insisting on going where no one wants them, they are doing a little bit of Japanese face-saving. Or it could be that they are waiting to be asked to show New Guinea natives how to catch fish.

Lap-Laps In The News

It has been reported from Sydney that an Island trading company wishes to buy thousands of yards of red and blue cloth which were used in Sydney for Royal Tour decdrations. Purpose—lap-laps for PNG natives.

And a famous maker of ladies’ foundation garments is currently advertising a new creation under the tag “Lap-lap.” It is said to be “with lap-lap thigh ease,” and the model in the advertisement is h l iv W m f i S i cip i pin .? at ?°S t the page in her little elastic girdle.

No Licbmgbs, Bad Road

Manners In Moresby

Port Moresby’s ro a d-manners came in for some strong criticism during February.

The acting Commissioner for Police in the Territory Superintendent C. Normoyle, told Port Moresby motorists that they were te worst in the Territory for bad hand signals and careless driving.

He said he would like to have the public’s co-operation: but if the police couldn’t get it, there were other ways of straightening the matter out.

About the same time as Commissioner Normoyle’s warning, the Port Moresby police had a lightning check on driving licences. Some fo e caf e polire Station wls* inundated with motorists remembering that their licences were overdue, after all.

Keeping Capsids And

Beetles In N. Brtain

The Department of Agriculture has installed an officer at Rabaul to police the plant quarantine regulations. His job is to see that plants do not leave or enter Rabaul without authority.

Many passengers doing the round tour on ships, have been taking out such things as cocoa pods without permits; the Department wants to prevent such pests as cocoa capsid getting to the mainland. Although 29 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Jungle Juice

The days of the war-time jungle juice drinkers were recalled in Port Moresby recently when two halfcastes died after a drinking bout.

The men, one the father of five children, became unconscious after drinking an unnamed spirit and were taken to hospital, where they died within a few hours of each other without recovering consciousness.

Polio Scare

Three cases of suspected polio were reported from Bogia, north of Madang, in February. They were all natives; and the first reported in the Territory for some months.

Flying-Boats—Cure For

WATERSPOUTS There is a theory that one way to make a waterspout disappear is to fire a bullet into the centre of it.

The displacement of air is supposed to make the waterspout collapse.

It could be right or wrong, but on February 10 the crew of a Qantas Sandringham off the New Britain coast had an experience something like it. While on the usual New Britain run they sighted a largewaterspout in Kimbe Bay, off Talasea.

The aircraft, skippered by Captain C. Fox, flew around it several times and estimated it to be about 800 feet high. It had a diameter on the sea surface of about 150 feet.

The crew reported that while they were making another bank to come around it, rather close in, the waterspout simply disappeared.

They think its collapse might have had something to do with air disturbance created by the aircraft.

Papuan Villages Destroyed

BY FIRE A fire in the village of Saroaket in the Rigo district, south of Port Moresby, burnt out 11 of 20 houses on February 9. Nobody was injured.

It was the second fire in the Rigo district in a month. On January 17, 52 out of 64 houses in Taruba village were destroyed. The Administration, in that case, too, sent some assistance.

P-Ng Mosquitoes On

MAINLAND?

Are man-eating anopheles mosquitoes from Papua-New Guinea taking trips to the Australian mainland aboard regular aircraft?

In February, a team of Army malaria experts went to Cairns’ to investigate, on the assumption that the mosquitoes had travelled. The team went from Sydney and is in command of Major K. J. Clinton a specialist scientific officer at the School of Tropical Medicine at Sydney University. He is regarded as 30 MARCH. 19 5 4 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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However, before the team left for the North, the Territory’s Director of Health, Dr. John Gunther, said from Port Moresby that he would be most surprised if anopheles had travelled to the mainland. He said It was a poor traveller. And aircraft were sprayed before they left the Territory.

Png Has Own Liquor

INQUIRY An inquiry into the liquor licensing hours of clubs, hotels and other premises in Papua New Guinea started on February 15, at Lae.

It will continue into March after holding sittings at Madang, Kavieng, Rabaul, Samarai and Port Moresby.

Mr. W. E. Sansom has been appointed a special commissioner to preside at the inquiry, which was set up following suggestions from the Legislative Council.

Lae Will Wait Some More

For Permanent Aerodrome

The airport at Lae is likely to stay where it is for some time yet.

In this financial year, at any rate, there is no provision for the projected move to Malahang.

The Malahang scheme was first announced in 1948, when they talked of a runway 6,000 ft, that would take the biggest aircraft.

The aircraft are now getting bigger but they are still using Lae’s jOOO-ft. runway, one end of which finishes on the brink of the Huon Bulf with Lae township blocking its rear end. Regulation maximum load )f the Skymasters cannot be utilised.

There is still some belief, in the Lae district, that they may eventually get round to making Nadzab the airport for Lae, although it is 30-miles distant. But DCA has stated definitely that Nadzab is out, and Malahang is in—but when?

Public Nominated Tag’S

Some new members of the Port Moresby Town Advisory Council will be nominated by the public when it is re-constituted in March.

Two representatives for the West and Central wards will leave their posts, and a vacancy has existed since December in the East ward.

The Administration in January announced that it would seek nominations for people to fill the ward positions—nominations closed with the Government Secretary on March 4.

There has been a suggestion that all members of Advisory Councils should be elected and it was given official consideration. But nothing more has been heard, and it is reported to have come to nought. (Ed. Note: It is difficult to see how the public can nominate a Council. Presumably final choice will still be left to the Administrator) .

Bad Landing Areas Take

Toll Of Sandringhams

Another Qantas Sandringham damaged its hull in February, but this time it was done by running over a snag at Redlands Bay, in Brisbane.

The Sandringham did the damage when she was taking off for Port was B nu y t on lth th the r reSUlt V S £ B ™ a f JSoc sl iPl a 5, Moresby and was three days behind schedule.

TOA planes had a lot of trouble from the same cause in the Brisbane river but at that time they used narrow Hamilton Reach. Hull trouble is something that flyingboats are apparently heir to. Last year there was some excitement when a Sandringham ripped a piece out of its hull on the New Britain run and had to make a dash for Moresby. vTr’QT' vtt a p MuaciODi b DRYEbI YEAR Port Moresby, in 1953, had the lowest rainfall in the 10 years since records have been kept at Jackson’s airport.

Dnrinp- thP vpflr nnints wpi-p recorded—the Previous lowest vear Ein 1947 6 4 061 noints The g highest rainfall in P anv vear J Tfi nt ra:inliall in any year was 6,169 points in 1946.

The low registration for 1953 was caused by the failure of rains during February and March, 1953.

SYDNEY ALP ALLEGES VICTIM-

Isation Of Adherents In

, PNG . Papua and New Guinea is receivin S a little news from time to time about the progress at the ALP sut*committee which is investigating, in M Territory 6 ln - treatment The committee wa'<? estnhiicbeH hv the NSW Executive of the ALP last yea r, and it has been hearing evidence from missionaries and others.

One of the members of the committee is Mr. G. O’Donnell, who was formerly ADO at Kokopo, New Britain. During the inquiry the case a European worker in PNG was cited. It was alleged that his contract was withdrawn and he was given three weeks to leave the Territory because he attempted to set U P a Trade Union. Nobody at Port Moresby can remember anything about this.

There was another case of a worker who, it was alleged, was evicted from his mess in 1952 after he tried the same thing. Police then charged him with vagrancy, Nothing is known about that either—or if somebody does know tben they are kee P in S terribly quiet about lL The ALP has said that [t will give facts and fi gures when the time comes Territory people can hardly wait to hear about them.

ATW ,r„

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It is planned to hold the first 31 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY -MARCH, 1954

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Technical And Trade

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Territory-wide women’s golf championship about June. It will be held at Lae about the same time as the 1954 New Guinea Open. It will be over 18 holes and women golfers from five centres will take part.

Adult Education In

MORESBY In Port Moresby in late February, classes in accountancy began at the Ela Beach school. They were arranged by the Papua Adult and Technical Education Assn., a newlyformed body, which hopes it can introduce classes in other subjects eventually and to extend the scheme throughout the Territory.

The Assn, has been in contact with the Workers’ Education Association in Sydney; this body will give every assistance.

If the accountancy classes are successful, other classes will be started.

PNG PUBLIC SERVANTS PRO-

Test—And Wait For Houses

At a meeting in late February, the council of the Public Service Association decided to write to the Public Service Commissioner asking him to protest to Canberra about the local housing situation.

The council said that numbers of married officers arriving in the Territory had said that interviewing committees in various States had told them that married accommodation was available for them in Port Moresby, at from three to six months. But this was a “gross misrepresentation.”

Only two houses had been allocated in Port Moresby since May, 1953; and in February, 1954 more than 60 married officers were on the waiting list.

Council suggested that staff appointments should cease uncil the position was clarified.

Rabaul’s Public Servants meantime have been issued with neatlytyped sheets showing where, rather than when, they will be moving into new quarters. Houses for married personnel going up at the moment are sumptuous affairs: floor space of the living rooms is about the equivalent of the whole seven squares in Single-quarters, which house two.

The Administration collects exactly the same rent on both.

The Nursing staff at Namanula Hospital have had to be evacuated while their quarters are once more patched and bolstered against the time when those poor Cinderellas, too, will be housed rather than quartered. Some of the Sisters have been sleeping in the hospital wards and others down at the Queen’s Park Guest House.

Mr. Bill May, of New Guinea, will be making the round trip in Malaita, leaving Sydney on April 4, on behalf of William E. Reed, marine brokers, buying agents, hydro-electric equipment distributors. 32 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT H L 3f

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Raluanas Gain More Time

"In Again, Out Again," Policy Makes Administration And Village Councils Look Ridiculous THE Proclamation published in the Government Gazette, Port Moresby, on February 4, which included the Raluana natives of New Britain in the Village Council system, was revoked by another proclamation in the Gazette of February 25.

Round 11, like round I, therefore appears to go to the Raluanas.

The history of the Raluana trouble is briefly; All but the 2,000odd Raluana people, of the 30,000 Tolai people of the Gazelle Peninsula area of New Britain, have joined the Village Council scheme, svhich was introduced after the war, and whereby the native people are encouraged to run their own affairs under Administration guidance, as a preliminary to ultimate self-government.

The invariable excuse of the Raluanas, for not joining the Coun- :ils, was that they were too ignorant *) engage in anything so advanced, rhese natives, however, are intelligent, industrious, have very shrewd eaders and have shown that they ire quite capable of running their )wn affairs. The only difference is flat they insist on running them in heir own native way.

In May, 1953, the Rabaul District Commissioner, Mr. J. K. McCarthy, vith other officials, went out to interview the Raluanas and told hem in forceful language, that hey must join the Council scheme, ind that if they did not do so roluntarily, they would be forced o, by proclamation.

There followed some brawling, in iflich Mr. McCarthy was attacked »y a one-legged native schooleacher, Tuvi, with the butt end of lis crutch. Tuvi was subsequently flarged with assault and served our months in gaol.

No proclamation was made, as hreatened; and some time subse- [uently, Mr. Hasluck, Minister for Cerritories, and the Administrator, Jrigadier D. M. Cleland, interiewed the Raluanas with the obect of persuading them into a Council. The Raluanas received hem and heard them in silence.

Nothing further was done until aid- January, 1954, when Brigadier Jleland again visited them, apparntly on another “or else” mission.

The Raluana natives he met on his occasion seem to have told him hat they were ready to join a Jouncil, and it was believed that he Raluana trouble had been caceably settled.

Brigadier Cleland proceeded to Australia on leave and it was anicunced in the Gazette of Febuary 4 that the Raluanas would become part of the Vunamami Native Village Council which henceforth would be known as the Co a incn a " VUnamami NatiVC Vmage with 3^60Q a names* wlf ft'rwafdld M a Wlth whl 9 h they were unhkely to work in harmony" (which is probably true enough) and asking that action should be postponed until the petitioners were able to seek legal advice. (It should be made clear, here, that there are only about half a dozen Raluana villages, with a population of something over 2,000.

The other villages, with a population of about 1,200, which also sent petitions, are from the Nawuneram- Taviliu group of villages which— apparently reluctantly—joined other Native Village Councils over a year ago. The proclamations putting them into the Council system were also revoked by the Gazette of February 25 —at least that is how we read the exceedingly bewildering phraseology used. The way we interpret it is that these latter villages decided to go quietly, in 1952 or 33 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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All enquiries through your Island Trader will receive our prompt -1953, and join the Council scheme; but now that the Raluanas have shown that they can stay out, the second group feels that it should, too).

Mr. Cleland was then in Australia, but was informed of the petitions. He stated that the February 4th proclamation had been made by him because he had believed, following the interviews he had had with Raluana leaders on January 15, that they were prepared to join a Council. He has agreed, however, that no further action will be taken in the matter until his return to the Territory, sometime in April. mHE whole Raluana trouble is, of A course, more than a local squabble with a rebel minority. It has become a matter of Administration, and Canberra, face-saving.

Although Village Councils were described earlier as a voluntary system, since early 1953, the Administration’s attitude has been: Come in, or we will put you in.

Strong words; but so far they had not been followed by strong action, and the Raluanas have continued to get away with it.

It is obvious that if the Village Council system, which in effect makes the natives provide a proportion of their own community requirements, is to function at all, there is no room in the structure for rebel groups who take all the handouts that the Administration is prepared to give, but will assume none of the obligations.

It is reported that the other Tolais are already restive; that they have stated that they are tired of the Raluana people who they say are “making fools of the government”; and that, with little more provocation, they could settle the Raluana trouble in their own way.

This would, of course, involve Australia in all sorts of United Nations investigations—and Australia is absurdly sensitive to UN’s reactions—and although it probably would be one way of settling the difficulty, it could be a fuse to explode the gunpowder barrel. Once on the war-path, there is no guarantee that 30,000 Tolais would stop at just settling the Raluana problem.

It has been suggested that many of the 3,600 names on the petitions are there without the knowledge of the owners of the names. This may well be so—but it does not alter the fact that the Raluana leaders are still unwilling to join a Council; or that, through the petitions they have gained more time in their delaying war.

THE Village Council system was invented by some theorist in the days when Mr. Eddie Ward was Minister for Territories. It has been introduced in the Port Moresby and Rabaul areas, and opinion is divided in non-Administration circles—and this includes Missionaries—as to whether the Councils’ desirable qualities outnumber their undesirable aspects.

However, the Administration, and this Australian government, are now committed to them as part of native policy, and it is therefore up to the Administration to make them work.

The Administration has spent over a year threatening the Raluanas. Soon it must do something—in order to save its face and keep faith with the other 20,000 or 30,000 Tolais who, with the European population of P-NG, are sitting cynically and very impatiently on the side-lines, waiting for the next act in the drama.

The “simple, uneducated”

Raluanas, we understand, have the legal advice of a well-known European solicitor of Rabaul.

Inflated Land Values in Rabaul A correspondent, from Rabaul, NG, writes: “One sometimes wonders just where rising prices will stop. Have just heard that a block of freehold land has changed hands for the sum of £2,700. I expected to hear that a considerable area was involved, but was staggered to find that the land in question was a building-block in the business section of the town, with a street frontage measurement of 50 ft!” 35 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Year’s Births per Community Pop’l’n Increase Thou.

Fijian 139,373 3,496 35.18 Indian 154,803 6,001 46.08 Europ’n 6,500 1,490* Part-Ear. 7,496 198 — Rotumans 3,990 145 48.62 Chinese 3,857 138 — * Decrease.

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Fiji’S Population

Startling Birth-Rate of Indians AT the end of 1953, the population of Fiji, officially estimated, was 320,801—an.increase of 8,123 in the year. The community factors which contributed to that 8,123 make the new total very interesting.

Here they are, as on December 31 last: The Fijian death-rate was 10.60; that of the Indians, 8.12.

Actually, the figures insofar as they refer to Fijians alone are quite good, as compared with other native communities in the South Pacific.

The Fijians’ net annual increase is steady. It is only in comparison with the Indian birth-rate and death-rate that the Fijian community becomes overshadowed.

In 1926 there were 12,000 more Fijians than Indians; in 1936 their numbers were about equal; in 1956, there will be at least 20,000 more Indians than Fijians.

Gloomy Population Picture SUVA, March 1.

WITHIN a few decades, Fiji’s population will have gone past the half-million mark, with the Indian community outnumbering all the other races combined.

And none has the faintest idea of how everybody then will make a living.

Food production can be increased! by bringing a strictly limited! amount of land into cultivation;; but, after 'that, saturation point! will be reached. In any case thiss will not provide jobs for the swarmsa of children who are already swamping the schools.

There has been some talk about! an expansion of secondary industries; but whatever can conceivably^

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The alternative to a controlled Indian birth-rate as ex-Governor Sir Brian Freeston pointed out in 1949, is a decline in the living standards of a large part of the population.

No great hopes are pinned to the Commission of Inquiry promised by the British Government. At the best, such a Commission can recommend little more than stopgap measures which would soon be nullified by the birthrate of the largest section of the population.

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Equipment to dispense Port Moresby-brewed draught beer has been installed at the RSL Club, Lae, New Guinea, and members flock there to quaff the amber fluid, completely deserting their former favourites—b o 111 e d-beer brewed in other countries.

We now hear that Mr. Arthur Brown, of the Hotel Ascot, Rabaul, has been on a personal tour of inspection through Lae, and the brewery at Port Moresby, and made arrangements to have draught beer equipment installed at the Ascot at an early date.

It is understood that Mr. Norman Lee, of the Cosmopolitan Hotel, Rabaul, also intends to instal the equipment as soon as the necessary arrangements can be finalised.— Special Correspondent.

His Majesty O’Keefe, Warner Brothers film made in Fiji in 1952 was released in the United States late January, and is reported to have been enthusiastically received by the critics. No Fiji screening date had then been set.

Mr. Luke Chang and Miss Brenda Chow were married at the Methodist Church.

Rabaul, on February 22. The small church was packed to capacity with friends of the young couple. Later 800 quests attended a reception at the Kuo Min Tang hall.

The bride has been a teacher at the Chinese school for the past five years and a Guide leader since the inception of the movement in Rabaul. Her lovely Wedding gown of white lace was chosen while in Brisbane undergoing a special gaining course for Guide leaders. Her “ter. Miss Nellie Chow, was bridesmaid.

Mr. Chang was educated in Australia ind is on the staff of the Customs department. His best man was Mr.

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British Preference In Western Samoa

Various Angles on a Confused Situation AS indicated in February issue, there is some division of opinion and clash in procedure in Western Samoa about the British Preferential Tariff.

It was reported in the PIM that the Tariff actually had been abolished. This was based on an apparently clear statement before the .Trusteeship Council of the United Nations in New York several months ago by the New Zealand Ambassador, Mr. Munro, to the effect that, in accordance with the expressed wish of the Legislative Assembly of Western Samoa, the NZ Government had agreed to the abolition of the Tariff, which would take effect from March, 1954.

Mr. Munro evidently misunderstood the procedure. The Tariff is expected to come before the Samoa Legislative Assembly this month (March), when it appears likely that a final decision will be reached.

Ma n y communications have reached the PIM on this subject— some maintaining that the position will not be altered hurriedly; some that it will be altered immediately the Assembly meets and votes; and others insisting that the Preferential Tariff should remain.

THE following official statement of the events which led to the present position comes from the Acting Secretary of the Government of Western Samoa, and is dated February 12: “Almost all the non-British members of the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations maintain that a Preferential Tariff, such as is in operation in Western Samoa, is contrary to the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations, and must therefore be abolished in Western Samoa—a Trust Territory. , “A contrary interpretation of the Charter is maintained by the British members, including New Zealand; but, in the face of constant requests, particularly from the United States, the NZ Government some years ago decided that the issue would basically be one for Western Samoa to determine for herself. , As an initial step towards reaching a decision, the Legislative Assembly of Western Samoa set up a Select Committee. The latter took evidence from local interests, and others, and finally made a report in which it recommended the removal of the British preference.

“The NZ Government, as the Administering Authority, of Western Samoa, then consulted with the countries which might have been directly affected by any such change. As a result, it was decided that the way was clear for the abolition of preference, should Samoa wish to go on with the proposal. Official statements were made, not only by the NZ Government, but also by the Governments of other Commonwealth Countries.

“After receipt of the news that the way was clear to take what action is desired, the Samoan Government commenced an active and careful inquiry into every aspect of the question.

“A Departmental Committee will shortly present a report, which will be given suitable publicity among commercial and other interests; and in due course, no doubt, a decision will eventually be made upon what Samoa should do.

“It is quite incorrect to say that the Preferential Tariff is scheduled to come to an end in March.

Whether it comes to an end at all has yet to be decided; and this will be done through normal constitutional processes in W. Samoa.”

Unjustified Delay Claimed From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 20.

THE advisability or otherwise of a Tariff revision was fully investigated by a Select Committee of the Samoan Assembly in 1948. This

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Committee, after hearing evidence from all sections of the community recommended that the Preferential Tariff be abolished and the Customs Tariff revised. The NZ Government apparently took no steps to implement the recommendations (which were fully approved subsequently by the Assembly).

The Trusteeship Council Mission which visited Western Samoa in 1953 showed keen interest in the matter; and then the NZ Government, after 5 years’ delay, declared its agreement with the recommendations.

It is claimed here that it would be unconstitutional for the Executive Government of the Territory to unreasonably delay the implementation of a resolution of the Legislative Assembly, which has been assented to already by the NZ Government and the Trusteeship Council.

A section of traders here argue that abolition will benefit the Territory; that it will not affect to any considerable degree the existing trade relations with New Zealand and Australia, from which countries Western Samoa imports practically all her food supplies; and that it will not cause an increase in importations from USA —at least while dollar restrictions exist.

EDITORIAL NOTE.

Apparent Conflict of Interests THERE appear to be three parties, or sets of interests, contributing to this discussion. They are— • The Executive Government of : Western Samoa, which carries out the wishes of the NZ Government.

It is advised but not instructed by ' the Legislative Assembly of Western j Samoa. • A section of the business community of the Territory, which is i not particularly friendly to British i interests, and which has an in- fluential, if not a dominating voice f in the Legislative Assembly. • The strongest section of the £ business community, which speaks? mainly through the Chamber off Commerce. It is generally opposed I to abolition of the Preferential I Tariff, for patriotic as well as com- mercial reasons.

The Executive Government is try- ing to hold the balance fairly as be- tween all interests. It clearly is 2 embarrassed, because big business e interests, and pro-British sentiment,,, are in favour of retaining the Tariff; ; whereas the Wellington politicians,,, pursuing their idealistic policy off Samoa for the Samoans, have de- cided to let the Samoan Assembly y decide the matter —and the indica- tions are that the Assembly willli abolish the Tariff.

The official statement from thee Samoa Government, valuable as fan as it goes, does not explain the delay of about five years which hasa. occurred in dealing with this matter; ;

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nor does it make any reference to the general belief that the matter will come before the Assembly this month, and that, as “the issue is basically one for W. Samoa to dotermine for herself,” the Assembly will naturally expect Abolition, whicn apparently it favours, to become effective at once.

Guadalcanal Club Meeting THE Annual General Meeting of the Guadalcanal Club, Honiara, was held on January 28. Office bearers and Committee members elected for the coming year were as follows: President, Mr. E. V. Lawson; vicepresident, Mr. P. M. Smith; hon. sec., Mr. G. G. Oakes; Committee Members, Mrs. A. C. Blair, Mr. J. A. Johnstone, Mr.

J. Callaghan and Commander E. J. Deane.

Mr. R. Firth was elected as Auditor.

There being no nomination for the position of Treasurer, this vacancy will be filled by the Committee at a later date.

Recent blasting operations carried out at Atuokoro passage, Mangaia, Cook Is., according to an official announcement, have resulted in increasing the effective depth by one foot, the widening of the channel to allow two surf-boats to pass, and the reduction of slope of the rock face at the inner end of the passage to permit boats to be more readily hauled out and cargo more easily handled. This rock face will be cemented.

No Indians Yet For N. Caledonia From Our Own Correspondent T___ SUVA, March 1.

HE proposal that Indian workers should go from Fiji to New Caledonia, to solve the labour problem there, remains wrapped in official silence, and young Indians are writing to the Suva newspaper seeking information.

Says one of them: “Unless the wage scale is commensurate with the general qualifications of the laborers, and is compatible with their standard of living, .and is such as affords ample incentive for them to go to an alien country and subject themselves to God-knowswhat-is-in-store-for-them, our men will never accept any offers, however tempting they may seem on the surface.”

Pending a Government statement, there is a general impression that the official mission of inquiry from Fiji found that, economically, all that glitters in New Caledonia is not gold—mainly because of the inflated cost of living there.

Flour prices rose by 10/- per ton in Fiji m January. Australian flourmillers had discontinued the practice of allowing a discount of 10/- per ton on all flour exported. 41 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Territories Talk-Talk

By Tolala THE broadcast of the reception of Territories’ delegates at Canberra came over quite well on the ABC. As was to be expected, the PNG native representatives stole the show, so far as the commentator was concerned. The man who is recognised as having done such a wonderful job during the Pacific War—Paul Mason—scarcely got a mention. One of the proudest men there. I expect, was Bandmaster Crawley for his untiring tuition of his native musicians was well rewarded. Both he and Sandy Sinclair can The precision of the drill was excellent.

The danger of a little knowledge of pidgin was exemplified to a degree bordering on lese-majeste when a Sydney morning paper ran the banner heading; “Fuzzy-haired Pacific Islanders who speak only Pidgin greeted then No 1 Mary All with Fine Ceremony To-day.

No native refers to a white woman as .a .“Mary.” Even the most Socialist Government officials will admit that; at least, they should.

Papuans have their own word, “Sinabada”; and the generally accepted term in TNG is “Missus” —though the Methodist Missionaries have made an effort to establish “Marama” (from Fiji) to designate a white woman. Unfortunately it was not accepted generally—probably on account of its Mission origin.

Admittedly, “Missus” is an un- ■ lovely word, but certainly an improvement on “No. 1 Mary.”

It is safe to bet that everyone ( of the native troops and bandsmen j knew Her Majesty as “Queen,” and J nothing else.

As for the story about Simogun i being unable to converse with the j Duke, I accept with a pinch of salt. .

For over 40 years he has had con- tact with Europeans and is an ex- ceptionally intelligent type. None £ other could have carried out thee job of Police Sergeant and Sergeant-Major with the Coastwatchers,,. to say nothing of his post-war activ- ities. He may have felt tonguetied and preferred an interpreter,, but that doesn’t mean he could notj have spoken and understood a conversation. (See “God Save Oun Gracious Queen,” page 18. Simogunr. was neither tongue-tied nor did hes use an interpreter, as reported inc some newspapers). * * * Captain Jimmy Duncan, wellknown TNG skipper, planter andb Harbour Master, celebrated his 80thn birthday about the middle of lastf month, and there was a happy? gathering at the Duncan home im Chats wood, supervised by Auntiej Joan, who was always a populam hostess in Rabaul. The new Rabauk was to have been built on Jimmy s' Rapopo estate, but the change otc MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LJ

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the official mind does not seem to have worried the even-tempered Jimmy.

The Captain first arrived in TNG in 1916, skippered a naval vessel and then gave good service in 1920- 21 with the Wattle expedition, the first Australian venture of its kind and one which gathered a fund of valuable geological, hydrographical and agricultural data. The late Mr. E. R. Stanley, Papuan geologist, submitted a valuable report which covered TNG from end to end and was contained in Australia’s first report to the League of Nations.

After acquiring Rapopo from the Expro Board, Jimmy Duncan was for many years an executive officer of the Planters’ Assn, of NG and has always been a public-minded resident. Many happy returns, Jimmy! * * » From Mrs. L. Miller (nee Hoepfel), comes word referring to my mention in January issue of Stephansort. She writes that the Neu Guinea Compagnie’s first station on the NG mainland coast was at Hatzfeldthafen, where in 1891 her father and mother arrived from Sumatra, and Mr. Hoepfel was engaged in planting tobacco for the NGC. In 1892 there was a massacre of Europeans, Chinese and natives, the Hoepfel family escaping by a narrow margin, with a spear through Mr. H.’s arm. The station was closed down and the NGC moved then to Stephansort.

The Hoepfel family after the massacre returned to Sumatra, and it was there that Mrs. Miller was born. Later they returned to NG.

Well do I remember Mrs. Hoepfel and her daughter Louise (Lulu) in the early days of War I. The latter married one of the AN & MEF members who later died and she, with others, had a grim time when the Japs came along in ’42. She spent some time in the RC Remale camp eventually, and was one of those nursing Mrs. Kauman-Juker when she passed away in that camp just before the armistice. * * * Says M. Jean Pignon, French delegate on the UN Trusteeship Council, after his visit last year to NG: “I think the development of the collective or co-operative undertakings by companies partly or entirely state-controlled would be better in many ways than settlement by individual colonisers.”

And where would the TNG have been without the development brpught about by Private Enterprise? If he is endeavouring to squash this, then his regard for NG’s progress along democratic lines must undoubtedly be questioned. I wonder from which particular hopper he comes from in the political grist mill.

The L of N was instituted primarily so that the “havenots” would not think War I was waged for the conquest of territory. The League proved a fiasco, UN took oyer, and has been a top-heavy instrument for the try-out of idealistic theories, which are not accepted by a materialistic world.

It is so far off the beam that it cannot even organise successfully a steering committee prior to a conference. When it becomes truly united then it will receive my support—and the support of the public in general. * * * The politically-inspired snarl anent NG land laws, appearing in the SMH Correspondence column contiues. It’s rather ironical, really, when one recalls the NSW 43 pacific islands monthly march, 1954

m 7 m li r*r \ h too The pleasant refreshing aI p

Colw atls Mu i o

Mungo Scott Pty. Ltd

Established 1894 AUSTRALIAN Q£ UJ enasa SYDNEY AUSTRALIA

Flour Millers

Summer Hill, New South Wales

Cable & Telegraphic Address: SUPERB, Sydney Government’s flair for resumption of lands from pastoralists, to say nothing of the despotic activities of the Cumberland County Council in resuming building areas, declaring prohibited zones and generally riding rough-shod over land-owners who can do nothing about it.

There's no need for anyone in Australia to worry about the NG native not getting “a fair go” in land matters, with Chief Judge Phillips in the box seat; for what he doesn’t know about native land laws isn’t worth knowing. One should not forget that he did a good job of work in the BSI as a Special Commissioner af Inquiry into land matters there in 1920-25, and then after his appointnent to TNG in 1928 he spent many nonths unravelling knotty problems concerning land in the Madang district.

A pity PNG is dragged into these political party snarls. It should ie declared a political neutral area.

The Territory never derives any aenefit and is often given a bad name by people ignorant of the 'acts. * * * Mr. Justice Phillips (Acting Adninistrator) threw some -light on he Ralauana situation recently vhen he stated that “previous statenents on the Raluana issue had not aeen entirely fair.” (See P a ff e 33) Written petitions for 14 villages, :onsisting of six Raluana and 8 >ther villages, had been sent to the Administrator; and in all 3,654 lames were subscribed to the peti- ;ions, in which they asked to be excluded from a village council mtil their position had been clariied legally. The petitions have leen forwarded to Brigadier Cleland, Pho is away on three months’ leave n Australia. ..I’d like to comment on the advisability of “thinking native” in liich cases; but perhaps it is best 0 treat the matter as more or less tub judice for a while. And here’s loping it won’t be a long while, >ecause even sophisticates from ‘The Hill” may not understand ong departmental delays. * * * Tourist ships are again to visit Moresby—the Coronia in March and he Orion in September. Some people ire unkind enough to ask: Why?

Still, they must remember the town las a war history significance, if lot typical tropical beauty.

In pre-war days, Rabaul proved popular tourist port and officiallorn went out of its way to disparage native salesmen from shipide bartering, as well as to control >rices for goods which have a tendncy to soar when visitors come shore. Let’s hope there’s no exploiting by natives of the white ourists. “What goes up must come own” seldom ever applies to native Tices.

And being old-fashioned. I can’t efrain from expressing the hope that the female tourists will exercise at least a modicum of decorum in the matter of dress, or undress, when going ashore. But no doubt that is a vain hope in this age of so-called race equality.

Which reminds me of the time in the late Twenties in Rabaul when a couple of Bright Young Things occasioned well-deserved censoring by one of the local Judges for appearing on the public tennis courts in most abbreviated shorts.

Needless to say, the exhibitionists won out in the long run. It may have been merely a coincidence that shortly after their display on the courts there were several Peeping Toms and “on the curtilage” cases involving the lasses. * * * Papuan Boy Scouts created more than usual interest at Sydney Legacy on February 1, when they were entertained by the Intermediate Club. It was described as the finest night’s entertainment the Club had ever had. One of the Scouts, Congregational Minister Rev. Reaton, secured special mention and spoke “fluent Enlish,” but offered a prayer in the native dialect. Mr. and Mrs. Heape can take a well-deserved bow. * * * The Welshman, “Dafydd Ap Rhys,” writing from Madang (PIM, Feb., p 151) mentions “The Book of Pidgin English,” by J. J. Murray. 45 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— MARCH, 1954

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It should have been, of course, John J. Murphy.

I’m not anxious to be drawn into this Pidgin argument. One reason being that real, true Pidgin isn’t being used in the Territory. Proof?

Mr. Rhys’s own statement that 1,760 words are contained in the Murphy Book, whereas pure Pidgin consisted of no more than about 300 words. Murphy himself, in his “Apologia,’ 1 ’ refeprs to “jargon of broken English and sonorous twaddle which too many pass off as Pidgin English.”

It was only with Australia’s conquest of German NG that the vocabulary started to grow, and that was due to the English-speaking folk being too lazy to learn the correct Pidgin and ad-libbing with “broken English,” which they thought quite adequate.

Another stumbling-block for English-speaking folk is the phonetic spelling used in connection with Pidgin, which makes it appear more complicated. * * * Congratulations to Rupert Ollerenshaw on his elevation to the PNG Bench as relieving Judge. It is 21 years this month since he first put out his shingle in Rabaul, where he established a flourishing law practice and was appointed later a MLC. He was a member of the famous NGVR. * * * A signal honour was enjoyed by the four judges of PNG when Her Majesty the Queen, presiding over the Federal Executive Council dur- Sfv h SnSd 6 the ° Commission?"of ally signed the commissions oi Appointment of Chief Judge Philips, Mr. Justice Gore, Mr. Justice Bignold and Mr. Justice Kelly. This is the first occasion in Australia that such commissions have been personally signed by the Sovereign, * * * The PN ° Historical Society should have some interesting and exC iting wor k ahead if a report, tabled at a meeting of the DAC in Moresby i as t month, is correct. It deals with the location of a Spanish galleon 46 MARCH. 19 5 4 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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And that reminds me of a reported discovery of Peruvian pottery years ago on Watom Island, off the North Coast of the Gazelle Peninsula. And there should still be some interesting mementoes of the Marquis de Ray expedition down around Port Breton, on the South New Ireland coast.

What a mass of material the Historical Society has to work upon!

It wants to beware that the government doesn’t step in and grab the best relics for shipment to Canberra, or even farther afield. I have heard that the best collections of NG ornithological, and ethnological specimens are to be seen in New York or Chicago!

One Old Territorian

“Goes South Finish”

Another Returns to TNG MR. ROY COLLINS passed through Rabaul, New Guinea, in late February, on his way South to settle down on the Mornington Peninsula, Vic., build one or two holiday cottages to rent, and, to use his own words, “grow old gracefully.”

The Collins brothers, Roy and Arthur, were well known In the Territory in the early thirties.

Arthur was interested in flying, and was connected with Guinea Airways for many years.

Roy first arrived in 1927 to work at Peadon’s Garage, Rabaul. Later, he was connected with the LU Company, New Guinea Goldfields Company, and Guinea Airways. He was also for some years with the Alexishafen Mission Air Services. During the war years, he worked in New South Wales on the Australian-built Mosquito bomber project.

At the cessation of hostilities, he returned to TNG—to Madang where he opened a garage, which business he has carried on until the present move to settle in Victoria.

Should old friends care to look them up, Mrs. Collins and the family are already settled in at 19 Flinders Street, Mentone.

On the same plane which took Roy Collins South, an old Territorian returned to Rabaul. He is Bill Holland, who first landed in New Guinea, at Wau, in 1935.

He was interested in radio, every type and description. Having dabbled in it, from crystal sets upwards, from childhood, he had progressed steadily along the road to apparent insanity on the subject, and was one of those “queer” creatures called a “Ham” who sit by a radio through the long night hours and talk to people on the other side of the world, said people likewise being interested in radio.

In those far-off days, Bill was interested in repairs and maintenance and tried to set himself up in business. However, the population was not then sufficient to ensure a fulltime job, so he first tried his hand at mining, and later joined Bulolo Gold Dredging, on its electrical staff.

In, 1936 he married Miss Jess Stewart, a younger sister of Miss Dorothy Stewart, well-known Territorian, and sister-in-law to Mrs.

Flora Stewart, of the Hotel Cecil, in Lae.

During the war, the new and strange subject of radio location claimed attention, but as soon as he could wangle it, Bill obtained a release from this project to return to New Guinea with the Army.

When the war ended he stayed for a short time, operating the first wireless station at Lae, but eventually returned to his family in Mackay, North Queensland.

Now, after seven years, Bill Holland has again decided that New Guinea is the land of opportunity, and that wireless repairs and maintenance is the field. He can be found at the Rabaul Music Store, twiddling his dials, cursing the tropic dampness which affects his wireless equipment, but thoroughly pleased to be back in the Territory at last. —Special Correspondent.

Persons who wish to obtain old copies of the Pacific Islands Monthly should get in touch with Mrs. Wanda Harris, of “Rathen,”

Dempsey Street, Annersley, Brisbane. She. has copies extending back over many years, which she would be glad to dispose of. 47 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

pout rodents IV with aluminium rat guards tt. »*«■■■ N< OW is the time to protect your coconut trees by installing 2S Aluminium Rat Guards.

These Aluminium Strips can be placed around trees at convenient heights from the ground to prevent attacks on coconuts by rats.

These guards are easy to install, do not involve much cost or labour, are a deterrent to the rat population and can save valuable coconut crops from destruction.

Further details about Aluminium Rat Guards can be obtained from our Agents; mmmm mm win (Incorporated in Canada) Principal British Commonwealth Distributor of Aluminium Ocean House, 34 Martin Place, Sydney, N.S.W.

An ALUMINIUM LIMITED Company SALES AGENTS: Cook Islands: A. B. DONALD LTD., Raratonga. Cook Islands.

New Zealand: RICHARDSON, McCABE & CO. LTD., Wellington. French Oceania: ETABLISSEMENTS DONALD TAHITI. Papeete Auckland. Christchurch. Tahiti. A i kaa Fiji Western Samoa and Tonga: MORRIS HEDSTROM LIMITED. New Caledonia and New Hebrides: AGENCE ALMA, Noumea. .• New Caledonia.

Territory of Papua-New Guinea-BURNS PHILP (NEW GUINEA) LIMITED. Port Moresby. __ Suva, Fiji.

LONDON MONTREAL CALCUTTA SYDNEY KARACHI 48 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

The Pacific Islands Society (Founded 1937).

Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons interested in Islands affairs, are invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social and cultural centre for those interested in the Pacific Islands.

Regular meetings and social gatherings, with lectures, are held at the Feminist Club Rooms, 7th Floor, 77 King St., Sydney, on the fourth Thursday of each month, at 8 p.m.

Address for correspondence:— THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box 3434, G.P.O., Sydney. (The President may be contacted by telephone at XJ 3205.) Qmotts fun QUA Biscuits There is no Substitute for Quality .

We wish to announce that Arnett's famous Cabin Biscuits are again available for the Island Trade.

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Packed in hermetically sealed tins in cartons containing approximately 30 lbs. nett weight of biscuits.

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Islands Visitors to Auckland They visited Auckland, NZ, recently (left to right): Mr. and Mrs. Frances Sandford and son Georges. The Sanfords are the friendly hosts of dozens of international yachtsmen each year at their home at Bora Bora, French Oceania, where Mr. Sandford is school-teacher.

Mr. Ryan, Director of Public Works in the Cook Islands, paid a short business visit.

Mr. and Mrs. T. P. Makea and grandson Daniel of Rarotonga. Mr. Makea came south on Labour Union business.

Tonga is Now Interested In Vanilla THE possibility of establishing a vanilla industry in Tonga and the problems associated with the growing thereof have been investigated in French Oceania by the Tonga Director of Agriculture, Mr. W. Straatmans, and two members of his staff.

The group, together with Prince Tungi, were to have returned home via Apia and Pago Pago in the Tongan Government vessel Hifofua late February or early March, Probably Tonga’s interest in vanilla originated with Prince Tungi, who has been anxious that Tonga should not become a one-crop country. French Oceania is the only Pacific territory where vanilla is grown extensively. It requires considerably tedious attention as the flowers have to be pollinated by hand.

U Mr. H. R. J. Lewis, recently appointed Crown Counsel. Fiji, arrived in Suva in January.

Damage at Buca Bay, Fiji MR. A. P. WARD, well-known planter at Buca Bay, Vanua Levu, Fiji, reported that his property was heavily hit by the January near-miss hurricane. Over 20 palms were blown down near his new house and, damage was done also to other parts of his plantation.

It was the worst blow experienced in the area for many years.

Captain Stan Brown, on vacation in New Zealand from the GEIC vessel Tungaru, joined the yacht Ghost in the Tasman Yacht Race from Auckland to Hobart. 49 PACIFiC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

NEW ZEALAND PRODUCE AT ITS FINEST:

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VEGETABLES in season, and especially prepared and packed for tropical conditions.

Preserved Meats—Grocery And Merchandise

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Correspondents sought in New Guinea, New Caledonia, New Hebrides & Solomons.

Bankers: Bank of N.S.W., Auckland.

Cables: “ROWALLAN,” Auckland. POST OFFICE BOX 1778, Auckland. N.Z.

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No. 4

Demolition To Make

Way For New Tahiti

IN carrying out a programme to replace many old buildings in the business area of Papeete, Tahiti, the block of business premises near the waterfront containing the famous old Tahiti Yacht Club—now the Yacht Club Restaurant—will soon be demolished.

Amongst the firms occupying this block are the Faugerat Pharmacy, Alfred T. Poroi’s offices, Nordman’a billiard saloon, Circle Concorde, Lee Tini’s store, Sin Tung King’s store, and others. The building was erected in 1905. It will be replaced by a modern two-storey block, the upper floor taken up by Government offices.

Certain old buildings of great historical interest will be preserved and action will be taken to recondition them. The old Royal Palace is among them. A monument will also soon be erected in memory of Tahiti’s last King, Pomare V.

Polynesians in Professions AN Ellice Islander, Milaki Tihala, returned to Funafuti from Suva on the Tovalu in February after qualifying as an Assistant Dental Practitioner. He is the first ADP in the G & EIC, and his appointment should reduce the number of patients who travel to Fiji for dental treatment.

Another Ellice Islander, Kalepo Kolone, returned aboard the Tovalu as a sanitary inspector, a subject in which he specialised after being found unsuited for training as an AMP. He now has the distinction of being the only sanitary inspector in the G & EIC, and he will be engaged initially at the Government settlement at Bairiki.

Yet another Ellice Islander, Tualipl Lauti, recently returned to his home atoll after some six years in New Zealand, where he trained as a school teacher J. Thornton.

MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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To See Queen At

CAIRNS 29 P-NG Community Delegates A DELEGATION of 19 Natives, 4 Asians and 6 people of mixed race will fly to Cairns by special charter this month to see the Queen when she visits that city on March 13. The delegation will leave Port Moresby on March 12. and return on the 14th.

The party will be in the charge of the Director of District Services Mr. A. A. Roberts, and Mr. R.

Brennan, of the Department of the Public Service Commissioner. The membership of the delegation is as follows:

Native Delegates

TOVIN TOBAINING, NEW BRITAIN.

President of the Vunamami Native Village Council, and an enthusiastic leader of his people.

GOLPAK, of GASMATA, NEW BRITAIN.

Me has an outstanding war record, having been awarded the MBE and Loyal fnd Vl i C 1^ edal -. He ha » a *so given long f er vice to the Administration. first bee n appointed a Lulnai in GAlivnVl B W- ® f Buka Is,a nd, BOU- GAINVILLE, Luluai of Lemankoa Vila success ful businessman and trader. He has land under cultivation and employs a staff of 18 natives. He w^f kS wfc ffHsh WeH and can read and write. When the Pacific war started he was an apprentice printer with Mr. Gordon Thomas of the Rabaul Times and was sent back to Buka just before the Japanese occupied Rabaul. From Buka Gerard supplied valuable information to the Coast Watchers.

RAYMON. of NEW IRELAND. Secretary of the New Ireland Native Societies’

Association, and thus represents 21 , .VC Co-operative groups in New Ireland. Raymon is well educated, and widely respected.

William Matpi, ©F Manus. He

workeil with an Administration surveyor until the occupation of Rabaul. Captured by the Japanese he was sent to Buna, where he escaped to the Waria * r .“L. nd then j° ined the PIB. Awarded UCM for outstanding military service.

GULU, of MADANG. Has 39 years’ unbroken service as the Luluai of his people. During the War he rendered valuable assistance to the Coast Watchers. As the leader of 10,000 people in the Amele area, he fostered the new industry of rice growing among them; some villages now own their own rice mill and are marketing rice.

SALUM, of KAR KAR ISLAND. Paramount Luluai of Kar Kar and has served with the Administration as a Luluai for 33 years. He gave so much assistance to Europeans during the war that he was listed for execution by the Japanese, but evaded them. He has his own coconut plantation (150 bags per month) and has shipped the first consignment of cocoa from his own groves, SILAS, of MOROBE. Served as a Native Medical Orderly from 1917 to 1941.

KABUA-GARIO, of HANUABADA. Interpreter at the Supreme Court. Port Moresby, since about 1911.

ATHANASIUS, of MEKEO AREA. Well educated, speaks both English and denirig TOUA KAPENA of Poronorena (CEN TRAL DISTRICT) Senior native . , 1,1 Senior native clerk Is weli a edUicatPd of Education . fi nCC 1946 ‘ slbl. “osluons and bas beld respon - TIUCT A A lP retired f Se » retired Sergeant-Major of the g£ aI a disCh onStab ? ary - 1919 ' 1M6 - “^,« a dlst mguished record. 15 I^^ervlJf UBA ’ N t?° N M H? aS i n ad is years service as a Native Medical Or- He 1S ol lt ° f the most influe n tla l MAHIIR?? O M A rr catJd £ mi °- BAY EdU " £ a * ed at Rwato Mission and served as a snv vamiri , Mirvp _ na MURA, of MILNE BAY. Is ptVil® e ™ p, °y e ® . (2d years) of Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd. at Samarai.

'V*™’ ° f WESTERN DIS- 7™i| CT ‘ Ha f: been , emp, °y ed by Administration continuously for 21 years. He speaks, reads and writes English

Sergeant-Major Sevesifof Gulf

DISTRICT. Has splendid record of 36 ’’ WAMP, V"wESTERN HIGHLANDS.

Appointed a Tul Tul in 1940 and has been a * reat assistance to Ms people BEPE MOHO of FASTFRV Hmn LANDS An outstanding native of Goroka Sub-District.

Asian Delegates

W ° NG YOU of SOHANO, BOUGAIN- VILLE Now aged fio ’ he has been a resident of New Guinea since 1912. and has built uo a thriving company from his original small trade store. Three of his six children are being educated in Australia.

CHIN HOI MEEN, of RABAUL. Born 51 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Successful men use Gillette W 1 ■-V <0 \ They know that a good appearance is all important. So they’re always careful to be perfectly shaved. They understand value too. So the blade they choose is Blue Gillette, sharpest in the world, and, because it lasts G lo'f. * SO long, the most economical.

Blue Gillette Blades at Rabaul in 1917; prior to 1943 was in: charge of the Chinese Ambulance Corps.

Was captured by the Japanese, but at great personal risk supplied valuable information to the Allied Forces. For this and other services he was awarded the King’s Medal. He is a member of the New Britain Advisory Council, and one of the leaders of the Rabaul Chinese community.

TANG KAM HONG, of LAE. Leading member of the Chinese community at Lae, and a member of the Morobe District Advisory Council. Born in Madang in 1918.

AH WONG, of NEW IRELAND. A resident of New Guine'a for 34 years, and is the Chinese representative on the Kavieng Town Advisory Council. He was interned by the Japanese, but in 1944 was contacted by an RAN unit and taken off the island. He then co-operated with the Allied Naval forces in operations throughout New Ireland waters.

Mixed Race Delegates

PATRICK BRAY, of PORT MORESBY.

Aged 33 and well educated. Although very young, he trained as a wireless operator with ANGAU, and served for nearly three years. Employed by Department of Works at Port Moresby..

JACK MARTIN, of PORT MORESBY.

An active member of the social club at the Koki Catholic Mission and a very keten sportsman. Public Works technician.

OSCAR BOND, of BOUGAINVILLE.

Well educated and is employed as a mechanic at Soraken Plantation.

Henry Lewerissa, Of Rabaul. A

leader of the Mixed Race community at Rabaul. Has been employed by Administration since leaving school. In 1947 he gave valuable assistance to an RAAF search party in locating the bodies of Australian airmen who were killed in operations over Hollandia.

Kim Chan, Of New Ireland. A

member of the AIF, 1943-46, including service! with NGVR.

JOHN CONBOY, of MOROBE. Aged 30 —his father from the Caroline Islands, and his mother from Guam. He was a clerk and radio operator at Wewak, and had previously been stationed at Aitape, Angoram and Maprik. When the, Japanese forces reached Sepik in 1943, he walked to Bena Bena (Eastern Highlands) and was flown to Port Moresby.

He served with Army Intelligence field parties in Japanese-occupied country in the Sepik, and was awarded the BEM for outstanding service. Later, he was in military operations in Borneo, and transferred to an Australian Army Signal unit. He returned in 1946, and is operating a trade store.

Tongan Precautions Against Fiji Rhino Beetles Quarantine authorities in Tonga wish to make it clear to all passengers arriving there from Fiji, that the importation of native mats, tapa, native foodstuffs and handicrafts is absolutely prohibited due to the Rhinoceros beetle danger. , , Any such articles will be seized and destroyed upon arrival at any Tongan port.

This announcement is of particular interest to the many deck passengers who travel from Suva to Tonga in Tofua.

MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Branch Office at SANTO.

Exporters, Importers and General Merchants, Commission, Shipping and Customs Agents.

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For Societe Des Petroles Shell Des Iles Francaises

DU PACIFIQUE, and numerous overseas manufacturers of all classes of merchandise.

Sydney Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD.. 7 Bridge St.

San Francisco Agents: BURNS-PHILP CO. OP SAN FRANCISCO INC., 215 Market St.

London Agents: BURNS. PHILP & CO., LTD., 35 Crutched Friars, E.C.3. o 1* a v-vr layer as/<*/•***/ » " . trnvical thirst than I , s „„ finer way to with a glnss of spar women alike.

There with a g*«” an d women firm favourite with TOOTH U6ER BRE' ,ND bottled B T TO OTH & limited Travellers to the Islands Fruit Distributors Ltd., the organisation wh,ch imports fruit into New Zealand from the Islands.

Lower left: Dr. G. Y. McCririck, of Scotland, who has joined the South Pacific Health Service in Fiji. Right: Mr. Brij Mohan, of Suva, returned there after vacationing in New Zealand.

To organise a mosquito control unit in the British Solomons and especially in the Honiara area, Mosese Natuna, of the Fiji Health Department, will spend six months in the area instructing Solomon Islanders.

A published summary setting out the disposal Fiji’s copra during 1953, shows that the Copra Board purchased 33,040 tons and had in hand 2,116 tons at the beginning of the year. Of this, 27,949 tons was crushed in the two local mills, the oil and most of the meal being exported; only 6,388 tons was shipped overseas for crushing, and 475 tons remained in stock at the year s end.

Decreased production in 1953, as compared with 1952, cost producers about £i million.

Mr. and Mrs. Ross Walker travelled from Auckland to Apia per February Tofua. Mr. Ross Wa[?]ker is manager of 53 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

B. Wentworth Jackson

A.S.T.C., F. 1.0., (Syd.) Optometrist and Optician Now has a Fully Equipped Consulting Room and Workshop in the LIBRARY INSTITUTE, DOUGLAS ST., PORT MORESBY, PAPUA Have your present prescription recorded in case of loss or damage to your glasses ★ ’Phone: Mor. 446. Postal Address: Box 151, P. 0., Pt. Moresby Telegraphic Address: “WENTJACK, PT. MORESBY.”

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Branches at: ORO BAY AND POPONDETTA.

SOLE AGENTS IN PAPUA/NEW GUINEA FOR:

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Vacuum Oil Co. Ply., Ltd.

South British Insurance Co.

National Mutual Life Association Polarizers (U.K.), Ltd.—Polaroid Sun Glasses.* C.S.A. Industries, Eng.—Dual Freeze Refrigerators.

Webley & Scott, Ltd.—Shot Guns, Air Pistols, etc.

E. K. Cole, Ltd., London.—“Ekco” Radio Receivers.

“Getula.”—Nylon Monofilament Fish Lines.

Davison Paints, Ltd.. N.S.W.—Paint for Tropical Conditions. • Trade mark patented In U.S.A.. Qreat Britain, and other countries.

Regular Supplies Of Eastern Goods

Wholesale & Retail Merchants Importers Planters

Another Attempt At A

Guam Medical School

Students May be Withdrawn From Suva CMS Micronesian medical students at Central Medical School, Suva, may be withdrawn at the end of this year according to the US Trust Territory’s official journal.

Though facilities and training at Suva are completely satisfactory, it is felt that it would in many ways be better, and possibly less expensive, to train medical students either at Truk, or at the new $5,000,000 hospital now being built at Guam.

In addition to the fees for board and training at Suva, which at present amount to £215 per annum per student, the Trust Territory Government is faced with a considerable transportation bill. There is also the factor that students training within Micronesia could be profitably employed amongst their own people during the training period— just as they now provide hospital staff for Suva.

There are at present 19 students at Suva, most of whom complete their training at the end of this year. Their interests are cared for by Dr. Earl Walter Udick, dental surgeon from the Trust Territory, attached to Central Medical School staff.

Micronesian students first went to Suva for training in February, 1951.

It was an unexpected move and at the time of their arrival —there were 53 of them —very little had been done in Suva to accommodate them.

For a couple of years previously these students had been trained at a school set up by the US at Guam.

The reason that the school was closed in 1951 (shortly after Civil Administration took over from the Navy) and the students sent to Suva was the same as the one given now for their withdrawal — expense. The Guam school had 54 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Improved New

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P.O. BOX 299 SUVA, FIJI proved more costly to run than anticipated, it was said.

Some of the first American students to arrive in Suva had difficulty in getting the best out of the course because their general education was not up to standard.

Because their arrival created acute problems of accommodation it is probable that their first year in Suva was not particularly comfortable for the students.

However, the fact that the Americans had sent their students to the CMS was taken as a great compliment and regarded as a manifestation of Anglo-American cooperation. Now that Suva has a new medical school —it was opened by the Queen in December—it seems a pity that the Micronesian students are to be withdrawn.

Tahiti’S Bad Publicity

From Domestic Fight

TAHITI has had some bad publicity, and tourist-promoters there have been caused some headaches through a current Court case in Honolulu.

The case arose over an Americanborn woman, Mrs. Powell, slipping out of Papeete with her two children on December 29, aboard the American yacht Venturer, while a court case was pending in Papeete for custody of the children. Mrs. Powell and her British husband, John F. (Kim) Powell are estranged.

The Powells went to Tahiti in December, 1950, in their yacht Wind’s Will, and have been resident there ever since, Mr. Powell now owing some property there.

The Papeete Court some time ago ordered that the children (Kim, aged 4, and another younger child) be held in a Mission home pending settlement of custody. Mrs.

Powell alleged that it came to her knowledge that her husband intended to seize the children from the home and take them back to their Tahiti country home. She considered that life for children is insufferable in Tahiti: and, in the later action in Honolulu Court, produced two former Tahiti residents, a Mrs. Mitchell and a Mrs. Schultz, to support her. Some of the accusations: Billions of rats, billions of mosquitoes, no sanitation, and, according to Mrs. Powell, no doctors that she could trust.

As it was known that the yacht Venturer had cleared Papeete for Honolulu, Mr. Powell flew there via Fiji immediately and secured a writ of habeas corpus. Both parties have now been warned by the Honolulu Court against attempting to remove the children from Hawaii before the case is settled.

Meanwhile, Tahiti’s Tourist Bureau is doing all it can to point out that there are millions more rats and mosquitoes in San Francisco than there are in Tahiti.

Returning to Islands Bound for the glands from Auckland in February. (Left to right): Mr. and Mrs.

Norman Saggers and son who went to Apia, where Mr. Saggers has been appointed chief technician. Station 2AP. Mrs. R. Davidson, youngest sister of the famous late Queen Emma of New Guinea, returned to W. Samoa from a holiday in Auckland.

Miss O. Keil, Mr. Jim Roberts and Miss E. Rivers returned to Apia from Auckland.

sm a tigms m y CORN "CALISBURY" canned meats, SPECIALLY PACKED for the PACIFIC ISLANDS ARE the popular choice, ALWAYS.

Corned Beef • Sheep Tongues • Meatreat

Corned Mutton • Ox Tongues • Sandwich Pastes

Steak & Kidney Pudding • Lamb & Green Peas

Midget Sausages

Also "WESTFIELD" Brand

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Corned Beef With Cereal Corned Mutton With Cereal

Kegged Meats Dripping And Lard

WESTFIELD FREEZING CO. LTD.

Postal Address: Private Bag, C.P.0., Auckland, N.Z.

Cable Address: Filalora, Auckland ** h * L name t 56 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

THE YORKSHIRE INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated in England)

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INSURANCE Including Fire—Accident— Guarantee —Motor—Workers—Marine Island Representatives: PORT MORESBY . . E. A, , ESBY . . E. A. James • . G. B. Black Guinea Industries Ltd.

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Transferred from Ambrym The^ n u W Z iji <? entral School was opened by the Governor at Nasese late in January. The school will cater for the 680 Fijian children of rs Permanently employed in Suva. Construction has been largely financed by money-raising efforts on the part of Fijians.

II Miss Mary Dawn Trotter, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Trotter, formerly of Suva and now of Auckland, has announced her engagement to Mr. Frederick Reed Alan Hellaby, son of Mr. F. A. Hellaby of Auckland. They plan to marry in April.

Scouting in Fiji, where the Governor is Chief bcout, has a bright outlook according to the annual report of the executive committee.

Membership is steadily increasing, 1.638 at December 31, wffh improved training facilities and more trained staff in sight. The Australian State of Victoria is giving useful assistance to the Fiji Scout movement.

When the volcano on Ambrym Island, New Hebrides, erupted some months ago, a number of the nattive communities on the island were in grave danger. A planter and trander, Mr. Andre Houdie, went to the help of the people and he took the inhabitants of one willage, about 150 men, women and children, across to his plantation at Mele, near Port Vila, and seettied them there in a place which he had prepared for them.

In this photograph, by Fung Kuei, Mr. Houdie is seen in the new village, with about haif of the newly established community 57 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

2P Stewarts and Lloyds (Australia) pt y . Ltd.

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AND Distributors of:

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Fiji Agents: BURNS PHILP (S.S.) Co. Ltd., SUVA Agents for New Guinea Territory: BURNS PHILP (N.G.) Ltd. €> ENGINES & GENERAL SPAKE PARTS. ★ Authorised Service Agents for Engine Overhauls & Reconditions. ★ Genuine Spare Parts Service covering all models. ★ Technical Data & Spare parts booklets available free upon request.

VILLIERS engines form the power unit on more industrial, agricultural and auxiliary equipment m the low H.P. petrol field than any other make.

Contact your Agent or THE VILLIERS DIVISION (Ground Floor).

SMITH, SONS & REES LTD. 30-B2 Wentworth Avenue, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.

Cable Address: “Speedomet,” Sydney.

Death of Noted Tahiti Resident Rhinoceros beetles are still being found in the vicinity of Suva, Fiji, and as far afield as Tailevu, and at country saw mills on the south coast of Viti Levu. A favourite breeding place has proved to be saw-dust heaps and methods of dealing with this problem are being considered.

The Governor of Fiji has appointed a Rehabilitation Committee to prepare a rehabilitation scheme to assist returned servicemen from Malaya.

Mr. H. M. Scott is chairman, and the members are Ratu E. Cakobau, Luke Vuidreketi, Mr. A. D. Leys and Mr. R. M. Major, with Major S. H.

Eliott as secretary.

The late Mr. Lewis Hirshon of Tahiti, whose death we reported in January PIM.

His ashes were returned to Tahiti from Lima, Peru, by Mrs. Hirshon who arrived in Papeete on January 25. The ashes were Interred at the family vault. Paurani, a large gathering of local residents attending the last rites of this popular business man. He was American born, but had made Tahiti his home for 20 years. 58 MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY^

£4sy ro ofmtrf Simple to maintain an<fl a pleasure fo use!

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Compo Road, Rocklea, Brisbane, Queensland The Government Only Hopes it is, But- “Marching Rule” Nationalism is Not Dead in BSIP SOME private residents of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate describe as only wishful thinking the official contention that Marching Rule—the local nationalist movement —is a spent force.

Marching Rule manifested itself strongly after the war and there have been numerous theories as to its cause—the most popular that it is the result of native contact with large numbers of American troops during the war. Marching Rule was and is a militant movement and was strongest on the island of Malaita which contains about half the population of BSIP, and where the natives have always been difficult to handle.

As a result of this nationalism, the rehabilitation of the Solomons was made more difficult. To the neglect of the war years, total destruction of all buildings and in some cases destruction of plantations, and to total lack of assistance from the Government in starting anew, was added total lack of labour, Malaitamen, who traditionally supply most of the BSIP labour market, decided that Malaita should be for the Malaitamen, and the Solomon Islands, generally, for the Solomon Islanders, and refused to go out to work. They would run their own affairs, they said, in their own way. Levy their own taxes; get rid of the white men and thereby succeed to the European’s wealth and power.

This attitude to going out to work had been tempered in the ensuing years by economic necessity and the labour situation now is not as bad as it was in the early post-war years. But Marching Rule still is affecting the labour situation and labour of all kinds is desperately hard to get in the BSIP. It has been reported to us that MR—quite apart from its influence on the labour market—is still very much alive in Malaita, has had a resurgence on San Christoval, and is spreading on Guadalcanal.

AS a counter to MR, the Government has set up native Councils in Malaita and elsewhere, which are designed to give the natives the local authority they seek, while still keeping them under Government control. Many the leaders of these Councils are adherents of MR, either openly or covertly, and many Europeans see in the Councils a real danger.

We have several letters, written by native councillors to European employers of labour, which make it quite clear that these Councils still attempt to control the engagement of labour. The letters are written in extraordinary English, but the K en . of is: “Send back the JS 10 have gone to work for y you know th<it you must £tsk °ei Whether they think clearly along the lines that by controlling labour they control the economy of the country, or whether it is just blind instinct for throwing a spanner in esulTs 0r a S re IS th°e f sTme C< ” : the results are cne same.

THE Colonial Office, through the BSIP Government, since the war, has made no apologies for actively discouraging European enterprise—firstly by making it as difficult as possible for private Europeans to go back, and then, for those who persisted, levying crippling taxation upon them.

Many people say that the only reason for continued British government in BSIP is in order to lead the natives gently up the virtuous path to self-government and a selfsupporting native economy.

If the results of eight or nine years since the end of the war are a £y indication, it has been a wasted effort. While the shrewder natives 59 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Victoria Parade SUVA ; and twelve Branches in New Zealand have availed themselves of some of the benefits provided by the government, in general, they continue to “hate the Government’s guts.’’

If there was any way of being rid of European government to-morrow, they would obviously welcome it.

One of the letters here before us is from an unfortunate native tax collector who bewails the unwillingness of the natives to pay taxes to the Government.

THE group of islands that comprise the Solomons make up a fair and fertile country. And, as a country, it is as capable as Fiji or Papua-New Guinea of big development. In actual fact, not one penny of new money has been invested there since the war. Rehabilitation has been made possible only from UK grants, royalties on scrap-iron and ex-war materials, and a buoyant copra market. No investor in his right senses would think twice about the Solomons when there still are much more promising fields for his £’s and $.

And, elsewhere, in spite of high talk and mountains of paper-work in Government offices, only a token scratching has been made at giving the Protectorate a soundly-based native economy. Even under the happiest auspices, at the present BSIP rate of jog-tro + , we should have to wait another 50 years to see any results from that: the natives are too busy being their arrogant selves; or, alternately, too apathetic, to care two hoots for the Colonial Office’s high resolve in this matter.

Perhaps we can afford to wait 50 years. But will the rest of the world? The whole BSIP set-up is, of course, on a high theoretical plane; but realistic, unromantic European residents who hope to make a living out of the country can scarcely be expected to regard it in th i s altruistic light. Small wonder if they see these government-sponsored native councils, not as the beginning of better things, but as natural forcing beds of native nationalism which, in the very nature of things, must make life even more difficult for the Europeans.

H A RNZAF Sunderland aircraft made a flight from Lauthala Bay, Fiji, to Funafuti and Tarawa, G & E. Islands Colony in late January.

Passengers included Mr. J. A.

Hunter and Mr. Holly, of Metem*ological Office, Nadi; Mr. G. Davidson, radio engineer of Civil Aviation Department, Wellington, NZ, and Squadron Leader and Mrs.

Laird currently engaged on mosquito research in the South West Pacific.

U The Rev. Percy Chatterton and Mrs. Chatterton called at Auckland in February en route to England on furlough from Delana mission station, Papua, where they have been stationed since 1939. 60 MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Hart’S Pacific Agencies

Island Merchants, Importers, Exporters P.O. Box 1416, 27 Queen Street, Auckland, C. 1., New Zealand.

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Cables “HARTSEAS, AUCKLAND.”

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AE7O “Tourist” Air Fares to UK and USA A TOURIST air-service from Sydney to London will be introduced by Qantas Empire Airways from April 3; and now they have the approval of the Governments concerned, Pan American, BCPA and Canadian Pacific Airlines will begin tourist services across the Pacific from Sydney to North America about the same time.

Tourist fares will be 20 per cent less than first-class fares —which is about £AIOO saving on the Sydney- London return fare, and a similar saving on the return fare Sydney- San Francisco.

Qantas will run one tourist plane per week and, in conjunction with BOAC, five first-class services per week.

For tourist-class, there will be 60 seats per plane instead of about 40; meals will not be so lavish; and the free baggage allowance will be slashed to 44 lbs.

It is a different set-up with the Pacific operators who will provide for their tourist passengers in the same planes as first-class passengers —the tourists will simply occupy a special compartment.

Although few people will boggle at travelling in an all-tourist plane, there probably will be some considerable boggling when first and tourist passengers are accommodated in the same plane in first and tourist compartments.

One of the most pleasant things about international air travel has been the first-class service that goes with it. The introduction of a tourist rate on first-class planes cannot help but result in two different standards of treatment from airline personnel.

The move for tourist travel is, of course, the airlines’ effort to bring air travel to the people. But the people who can find £537 for an air fare, tourist class, are not likely to be put off by having to find £637 for a first-class fare.

The only advantage so far as the Pacific air services are concerned is that it might encourage more American tourists to Australasia.

Would-be tourists from Down Under to America cannot get dollars in any event. 61 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

: Give it a special shine with BRASSO The quality Metal Polish By Appointment Oln Distillers to the late King George VI Tanqueray, Gordon & Co. Ltd 0° fiS 0$ Gordon's Statute Sup'aamA Other Days and Other Ways Of Making Money IN view of Tonga’s investigation into Vanilla planting (see elsewhere this issue), it is interesting to read a report on trade in the Islands made by Mr. C. D.

Whitcombe, of Auckland, in August, 1885. The report followed a survey voyage by Janet Nicoll, as a result of which a regular shipping service from New Zealand to Polynesia was established.

The report shows that in 1883 Tonga exported 40 tons of Arabian coffee, and, believe it or not, 120 bales of wool. Both those commodities would be valuable to the Kingdom to-day. The coffee came mainly from a plantation on Tongatabu owned by the Deutschen Handels und Plantagen Gesellschaft; and the wool from 15,000 sheep established on Eua, just south of Tongatabu, by the Parker brothers.

But even in 1885 the sheep flock was declining, due to a serious infestation of scab, for which, at that time, there seemed to be no known cure.

Across in the Cooks the value of exports for 1884 exceeded the value of imports (£24,000) by £4,000, and the Territory was self-supporting.

Mr. Henry Nicholas exported 1,500 bales of cotton (450 lbs per bale) in 1885 from Rarotonga, as well as large quantities of good-quality coffee and arrowroot. There was no legal currency and the Chilian dollar was much in vogue until Chief Te Pou, journeying to Auckland. discovered that the Cook Islands traders were on a good thing in currency-trafficking at various rates of exchange.

It is interesting to note that in regard to Apia, Mr. Whitcombe reported: “There is a large consumption of lager beer, as many as 4,000' cases being consumed annually in.

Apia alone. The wholesale price is. £2/8/- per case of 4 dozen reputed quarts, and it Is retailed at 2/- per bottle.” Presumably without a permit!

Elsewhere the report says: “New (Continued Col. 2, page 63.)

TIMBER. ★ BUILDERS’ HARDWARE. ★ TOOLS. ★ PAINT. CEMENT. ★ STEEL. ★ AGRICULTURAL and GARDEN TOOLS and IMPLEMENTS ★ GROCERIES

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Suva, Fiji

PO. Box 299. Telephone: 114 (4 lines). (Continued from Page 62.) Zealand meats, here as elsewhere, will speedily drive others out of the market, but beef alone is saleable to the natives; if mutton reaches the traders’ hands the sheep pictured on the tin is rubbed off and the contents sold as beef.”

The Fiji Forestry Department last year planted 90 acres of mahogany and kaucula trees in the Colo-i- Suva area and surveyed and enumerated the timber resources of 50,000 acres of Viti Levu island. This year a further 200 acres will be planted up in the Colo-i-Suva area. The kauvula timber will eventually be used for fruit cases.

A Commerce & Industries Office has been established in Suva, Fiji, as a branch of the Secretariat following the recommendations of the Economic Review Committee last year. The Office will act as a liaison between Commerce and the Government and should be of value to overseas business firms seeking information about the colony. The Office has also taken over existing import control and allocation of foreign currency, will include local price control in its functions and gather statistics which later will be published in a periodical bulletin.

A Fijian Grammar, compiled by Mr. G. H. Milner for the Fiji Government, will soon be printed in Suva.

Recent travellers from the South Pacific to NZ included (top to bottom): Mr. J.

A. Boyer, with Lawrence and James, who arrived in Auckland from Apia. Major and Mrs. C. V. Phillips who were on vacation from Fiji, where Major Phillips is Development Officer, Fiji Government.

Mr. B. Ah Kiau and Mr. and Mrs. N. J.

Hellesoe, who are on three months holiday from Apia. Allan and Eric Southon, of Apia, to attend school In New Zealand. 63 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

CADBURY’S

Bournville Cocoa

Stays Fresh

especially packed for tropical conditions Cadbury’s Bournville Cocoa is packed in hermetically sealed half-pound tins, incorporating a convenient lever lid. Replaced straight after using, the air-tight lid keeps Cadbury’s Bournville Cocoa fresh to the last spoonful.

Cadbury’s Bournville Cocoa is the most economical food drink you buy, with 120 cups of delicious cocoa from every pound. It’s more than just a beverage ; Cadbury’s Bournville Cocoa is a sustaining food drink, choc-full of nourishment. Cocoa is delicious hot or as an iced drinks and is equally flavoursome made with fresh or powdered milk.

COOKING REPLACEABLE LID 4 NET LB Cadbury’s Bournville Cocoa forms the basis for all successful chocolate cookery. You can be sure all your recipes have a real chocolaty flavour and an appetising colour and aroma that is hard to resist.

Wholesale supplies may be obtained from

Cadbury-Fry-Pascall Pty. Ltd

212-218 YORK STREET NORTH SYDNEY An order placed with your usual buying agent will receive our prompt attention 829/FP/3 64 MARCH. 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd.

COMMERCIAL ROAD, ROZELLE, SYDNEY.

Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . . PILES . . . POLES . . . SLEEPERS, Etc.

Exporting to the Pacific Islands Since 1893.

GILLESPIES Gillespie’s Anchor Flour is milled from selected high quality Australian wheats and is entoleted for purity. Its high'quality has made it the asked-for brand of flour in the Islands. (Entolelion is a special new purifying process which reduces the risk of insect infestation).

NCHOR FLOUR ILLESPIE BROS. P TY. LTD., ANCHOR FLOUR MILLS. SYDNEY

Three New Islands

BISHOPS IN mid-February, the most Rev.

John H. Rogers was consecrated, at Wellington, NZ, Catholic Vicar Apostolic of Tonga in succession to Bishop Blanc.

At Honiara, in the Solomons, on May, 30, the Rev. A. T. Hill will be consecrated Anglican Bishop of Melanesia. The ceremony will be carried out by the Most Rev. R. H.

Owen, Primate of New Zealand, assisted by the Rt. Rev. A. H. Johnson, Bishop of Dunedin, NZ, the Rt.

Rev. P. N. W. Strong, Bishop of New Guinea, and the Rt. Rev. G. D.

Hand, Coadjutor Bishop of New Guinea.

On May 19, the Most Rev. John Dieter, SM, will be consecrated Catholic Vicar Apostolic of Samoa, in a ceremony at Apia, by the Apostolic Delegate, His Excellency Archbishop Carboni, who will journey from Sydney.

All these consecrations are events of considerable importance to the adherents of the churches concerned.

Bishop-elect Dieter was born in Germany in 1903 and ordained in 1933. He has been in Samoa since 1937. Since 1949 he has been Director of the Seminary at Moamoa, He has a perfect know- »l ledge of the Samoan language and customs.

The retiring Bishop is the Most Rev. Joseph Darnand, who is now 75 years old. His many friends are pleased that he will spend his retirement in the Territory and will live at Moamoa.

Fiji regulations governing control of imports from non-Sterling countries have been considerably relaxed, licenses now being required only for certain luxury items from European countries outside the Iron Curtain. Regular importers will be given reasonable allocations even for the listed luxury items—alcohol i c beverages, confectionery, jewellery, passenger vehicles, perfumery, photographic equipment, radio sets, musical instruments, toys, games, sporting equipment, watches and clocks. Imports from dollar sources remain, as before, under strict control.

W. Samoa’s MLA’s Meet in Pre-Election Session From Our Own Correspondent APIA, February 18.

THE Budget session of the W.

Samoan Legislative Assembly is to open on March 15 and will probably continue for 3 to 4 weeks.

The preliminary votes for all Government Departments which are to be submitted to the Assembly, have been cut down by an amount of £50,000.

The three-yearly election of European and Samoan members of the Legislative Assembly will be held on April 15, 1954, So far no European candidates have been announced, though it is believed that all sitting European members intend to stand for reelection. 65 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

VICTOR KARP, TULK & CO. 350 George Street, SYDNEY, N.S.W., AUSTRALIA.

Exporters And

Manufacturers' Agents

Specialising in: Foodstuffs of all descriptions, Wheaten Products, Semolina, etc., Potatoes, Onions, Dried Peas, Jam, Canned Fruits, Canned Vegetables, Dairy Products, Wines, Cordials and Liqueurs.

Enquiries Invited

Cables; “ VICTORKARP ’ SYDNEY HOLMAN BROS. (AUST.) PTY. LTD.

Announce That

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS LIMITED, OF WAU, T.N.G. have been appointed representatives for all HOLMAN Machinery, including Rock Drilling Equipment, Pneumatic Tools, Air Compressors, and Allied Equipment, for

New Guinea, Papua, New Britain

and Adjoining Areas HOLMAN BROS. (AUST.) PTY. LTD, 360 Collins Street, Melbourne.

Champion Gardener Fiji has been reprimanded by New Zealand banana-importing interests for three times failing in January to meet the export quotas.

The Colony was short by 2,000 cases of its 15,000-case quota on two voyages of the Karamu, and extra fruit offering at Apia and Nukualofa was refused by Tofua, the ship then not being filled by the Fijian producers. Reasons given in Fiji are: floods associated with the January near-hurricane reducing the crop—and a prolonged holiday spirit which delayed packing in the Fijian villages, H Mrs. J. Dharam Dass recently returned to Suva on completion of training as a nurse at Adelaide, SA.

Mrs. C. T. Yarrow (above) and her husband, are grand championship winners in the Garden Show held recently at Baroko, Port Moresby.

Tkthrmwt tum-'&iu wrornfm.

RSf-IEICQftO RftUJ FLEX •« SI *4 flolleicord

Franke T, Heidecke

Braunschweig/Germany

Pago Pago Has An Embarrassment of Fish Cannery Now in Full Operation THE six Japanese long-line fishing vessels which are employed by Tokio Marine Products Corporation, and are fishing on a poundage basis for Van Camp Sea Food Inc. off Pago Pago, American Samoa, are proving beyond a shadow of a doubt that there are plenty of tuna in the South Pacific and that the Japanese know how to catch them.

The fish cannery at Pago is now in action and canning 48,000 tins of tuna a day—wlrch is the capacity of the plant at present.

The former Byrd Antarctic exploration ship, the 1,642-tons NorJi Star, has been converted to a freezer ship and now lies off the cannery storing 900 tons of fish at a time, and producing 20 tons of ice per day for the fishing boats.

Van Camp are reported to be paying the Japanese 162 dollars per ton for tuna and slightly higher for albacore, the only fish being canned.

The rest is being sold locally through the local Government, and Western Samoa is being offered as much as it likes of cleaned fish at 14 cents a pound ex Apia wharf.

It is believed that the Japs are anxious to supply Fiji if Matua or Tofua will lift it as freezer cargo.

No doubt the Japs would be happy to provide other fishing craft to give Fiji—or any other Pacific territory —fresh fish at a low price.

Although the islanders’ diet is traditionally fish and coconuts, there is no fishing industry worth the name in any of the Pacific islands. Fish is scarcer and dearer there than in any of the cold countries. A great deal of money has been spent by individual Pacific governments and by the South Pacific Commission on fishery surveys, but none of them have so far produced any fish. The smart thing would be to employ the Japanese to provide the Islanders with this cheap food. They have both the know-how and the ships.

Governments are not given to doing smart things, however. They believe that it is better to have Pacific Islanders managing their non-existent fishing industries than it is to employ foreigners to actually produce the goods.

Teaching The Samoans

It has been suggested that it is not the plan of the American Samoan Government to allow the Japanese permanently to fish off that Territory to supply the local cannery. It is believed that the Japanese are to fish there just until the Samoans learn how it is done.

The Japanese are not given to teaching anybody anything; and the Polynesians are not given to putting into fishing, or anything else, the sustained effort that is producing the sort of results the Japs are getting around Samoan waters. If the Americans have any of their good Yankee common sense left they will not attempt to exchange high theory A new Island industry is born. Mr.

Paul H. Hedrick, plant manager for Van Camp at Pago Pago, presents Governor Richard B. Lowe with the first can of Chicken-of-the-Sea-Brand tuna, produced by the recently-opened cannery, while Government and cannery officials look on. 67 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Sheutiwit Motor Oil

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The Shell Co. of Aust. (Inc. in Gt. Britain).

Hill \Xmt OR OU OIL for the actual fish that are keeping their cannery going at the present time.

The charter of the present fleet of Jap fishing, vessels expires in April. Presumably they will be replaced by others from Japan.

Pago Pago Tuna Cannery

In Operation

The Van Camp Sea Food Company formally opened up its plant on February 11 in a ceremony wherein Governor Richard Barrett Lowe received the first can of tuna prepared by the Company, and also the first case, containing 48 more tins. The fish was presented to the Governor by plant manager, Mr.

Paul Hedrick.

The plant actually went into production on February 8. First day’s output amounted to 90 cases, but a daily output of ten tons oT 48,000 tins will shortly become routine.

Cannery men are said to be pleased with the quality of the canned tuna, which equals or betters that being canned in California. It was feared that the larger tuna being caught off Samoa might not be ef high quality. This fear has proved groundless.

The firm will shortly make canned tuna available for local sale through Pago Pago merchants, but the bulk of the output will probably be shipped at intervals to the States aboard President Line vessels returning from Manila. These shipping arrangements have still to be made.

By mid-February the industry was employing 56 male and 52 female local Samoan employees.

Fiji Fish—But Buyer- Resistance!

WHILE the Japanese pull enormous quantities of tuna and other fish from the sea off Samoa, in Fiji, Mr. Harold Gatty’s small and worthy fishing venture, relaunched six months ago with the small launch Marau is meeting more than its share of troubles.

No great quantity of fish has so far been produced, and several hundredweights recently offered in the Suva market met with unusual buyer-resistance.

It seems that in Fiji a cleaned and gutted fish is looked on as a fish that is not fresh—although the very reason that these were gutted was to make sure that they would still be quite fresh on delivery at the market. Without gutting they cannot be brought from any great distance.

It is understood that a small cannery is now being considered— and to blazes with the fresh fish trade!

There was an exodus of sportsmen from Fiji in January including 15 representatives of a cricket team to play a series of matches in New Zealand; five Fijian athletes for engagements in the South Island and nine yachtsmen who represented Fiji in the 18footer world yachting championships which were this year held in Auckland. In addition to the sportsmen, there were 23 Fijian firewalkers and two Indian dancers for the Auckland birthday carnival. 69 pacific islands monthly march, 1954

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Qantas Man Farewelled II Mr. Bob Bunting, Manager of A. H. Bunting Ltd., Samarai, returned there recently after attending the Coronation and touring Europe with Mrs. Bunting.

It Costs More Now to Travel on Maui Pomare ISLAND Territories Department, Wellington, NZ, has announced an increase in fares for its New Zealand-Cook Islands service vessel Maui Pomare. The vessel resumed the service March 12, following refit in Auckland.

Fares to or from New Zealand ports and Rarotonga have risen by £2—the fare Auckland-Rarotonga now being £NZ2S.

There has been an increase of about 10 per cent on the fare between individual islands, the minimum between any two islands now being £NZ3/5 -. Though “deck” ra t e s are listed, it is understood that passengers are no longer accepted in the Cooks at “deck” rates; a i th ough frequently travelling deck, they p & ay sa i oon fares, Maui Pomare loses a great deal of money annually, and the increase in fares will make no difference to this.

Mr. Geoffrey Potts, popular catering officer at Qantas mess. Port Moresby, with two friends who attended a farewell party in his honor on February 7. —Photo by Papuan Prints. 70 MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY?

Art Postcards Of Tonga

Per Dozen (Including a Tin-Can Mail Cover), Postage Paid: 6/- (or one US Dollar).

TONGAN PHOTOS BUREAU, Nukualofa, Tonga

Inquiries Arf Invited

Concerning the Distribution and Sale of All Types of Merchandise in the Pacific Islands ★

We Are Australian Agents For—

MILLERS LTD., Fiji. 8.5.1. P. GOVERNMENT TRADE SCHEME, Honiara.

G. & E.I.C. WHOLESALE SOCIETY, Tarawa.

MAX HALECK, Pago Pago, American Samoa.

Original Invoices Supplied. Quotations on Request. ★

Morris Hedstrom Limited

(Incorporated in Fiji)

Island Merchants

Asbestos House, 65 York St., Sydney.

Box No. 253». (i.PO., Sydney. Cable Address: "MORSTROM," Sydney

Bankers: Bank Op New Zealand. Sydney

The Bureaucrats

TAKE OVER Story of Swains Island FOLLOWING an Executive Order published January 21, 1954, regarding local government on Swains Island, to aid employer, employees and families thereon, an official party departed from American Samoa on February 2 by the Government ship Manu’a Tele.

Labour troubles and disputes had arisen earlier on this copra-producing island, which resulted in the Samoan Government holding an investigation. (See PIM, November).

The outcome was this Executive Order which, in brief, authorises establishment of a Village Council, with a village mayor and a policeman. These officials are to have the same duties as those in American Samoan villages.

A Government representative will now reside on Swains —this being an annual appointment.

All employees on the island are to get written contracts, showing terms and provisions, that will be subject to Governor’s approval.

Employees are to be Samoan or part-Samoan; no contract may be cancelled without Government authority; either party may appeal to the High Court.

The party which went to Swains to put the new plan in action included Samoan Affairs Officer John D. Cool, Mr. Sonoma Liufau, High Chief T. Le’iato (who is also Governor of the Eastern District of rutuila) and Mr. John Leasau, school teacher. The latter has been appointed Government Representative on Swains. rHE 800-acre island has belonged to the Jenning’s family since 1856. Swains is geographically jart of the Tokelaus but was de- ;lared US territory in 1925. The Dopulation came originally from learby Tokelaus to work copra for ;he Jenning’s family, but recently ihey decided they would like some )f the island themselves, and :laimed squatters’ rights.

There have, in the past, been mmerous examples of the Jenning’s ype of feudal family government, )ut one by one they have been wamped by the march towards total mreaucracy.

The spread of “new thought” lince the war has encouraged the nass of workers to imagine that hey have a just claim to the :reations of the “boss.” A generition or so ago, this would have )een regarded as the Reddest of Socialism. Now it is looked upon is democratic—and quite normal.

The present head of the Jenning’s amily declared—and not without )roof —that the labour was in- :fficient, and producing less than two-thirds of what was the desirable output of copra. He wished to replace them with other Tokelau islanders.

When Mr. and Mrs. L. A. Lawlor, of Suva, passed through Singapore recently on their way to Hongkong, Mr. Lawlor visited six Pijian soldiers in hospital. He was accompanied by Mr. G. W. Patton, chief representative of the Carreras Tobacco Co., in Malaya. Mr, Patton took gifts on behalf of his Company and intends to provide frequent further gifts. Mr. Patton is in close touch with Mrs. Meakin, wife of the Port Chaplain at Singapore, who has made the welfare of the men from Fiji her special care.

H Dr. A. C. Smith, of the Smithsonian Institute, USA, a world authority on the plants of Fiji, has just completed his third collecting visit to the Colony.

During her visit to Timaru, NZ, the Queen noticed a group of Boy Scouts from Western Samoa. She chatted to them for about five minutes. 71 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Telegrams and Cables: “CHASULL,” Sydney. Telephone: 8X6381 (6 lines).

And at Melbourne, Victoria —Brisbane, Queensland.

Associated Companies: C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD., Suva, Fiji.

C. SULLIVAN INC., 230 Californio Street, San Francisco, U.S.A. # Over 30 Years' Pacific Island Experience Expert Buying Service Original Invoices Furnished Overseas Indents Arranged BEST PRICES FOR COPRA, COCOA, SHELLS AND GENERAL ISLAND PRODUCE 120 YEARS OF NURSING

Amongst Them

By Edward W. Johnson FEBRUARY of this year marked the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Samoan Nurses’

Training School in American Samoa.

The Navy, in its 14th year of administration of the islands of Tutuila and the Manua Group found that its Medical Department was in extreme need of female nursing assistants, and sent Navy Nurses Mary H. Humphrey and Corinne Anderson to set up a school of nursing for Samoan Girls.

The LMS Atauloma Girls’ School under the able tutelage of Miss Jean Begg offered the best material. Miss Begg recommended three young ladies, Misses Winnie, Initia and Pepe. The girls lived in the same quarters with the Navy Nurses while undergoing two hard years of work.

Pepe was considered far too small to carry such a big load and was advised to give up the course. She refused and not only graduated with the other two but in time became first Samoan Chief Nurse of he Hospital. The first class scattered after graduation in 1916.

Initia to duty in Western District and Pepe to the Eastern while Winnie remained in the hospital, six months later positions were exchanged. The ensuing classes were also small but as fast as they graduated they filled positions in the districts and hospital. resigned to marry in 1918 and Winnie in 1921. Both departed with their Missionary husbands for other islands. Initia went to New Guinea and worked as missionary’s 5 an d nurse until her husband died of malaria. She then returned to Samoa and nursing practice, Winnie performed similar work with her husband in the Gilberts, had four children, returning to American Samoa in 1939, shortly Eastern Samoa’s three original nurses, left to right: Winnie, now Chief Samoan Nurse; Initia, now serving in Papua-New Guinea; and Pepe, now Mrs. Max Haleck of Pago Pago. 73 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

TAHITI To Shipmosters and Visitors When calling at Tahiti, and seeking SHIPS' SUPPLIES and FRESH PROVISIONS, see—

Oscar G. Nordman

Supply Agent for Messageries Marititnes Union S.S. Co. of N.Z. Ltd., Matson-Oceanic Line, United States Line, General S.S Corp.. Etc.

We supply General Service Act as Shipping Agents Address all inquiries to the Tourist Bureau OSCAR G. NORDMAN, Ship Chandler PAPEETE, TAITTTI.

Wire before your arrival to “OCEANIC. PAPEF TE’-Our registered cable address

Bank Of Hew Zealand

World-Wide Facilities

Helpful, friendly and confidential service in all matters concerning local and overseas transactions 1.

Bank Of New Zealand

Established ]S6l—The Dominion's Largest Banking Business.

Bank of New Zealand Branches in the Pacific Islands are located at Suva, Lautoka and Labasa, Fiji, and Apia, Samoa. Also Agencies at Nausori and at Marks Street, Suva. im THE f. > ' .VV<V •V - - _ >■ after her husband’s death.

Pepe meanwhile remained single until 1936. She was sent to the United States for six months’ training with the Navy Nurses at the Mare Island Hospital in 1919, going to a civilian children’s hospital in San Francisco for two more months’ training before her return to Samoa. She assumed duty as nurse instructor, was a valuable assistant in the operating room and became Samoan Chief Nurse in 1927.

She was sent again to Hawaii in 1928 to represent American Samoa at the Pan Pacific Conference. In 1936, after 22 years nursing service, Pepe married Max Haleck, successful merchant, and left active nursing duty, being relieved by Initia.

The training courses were lengthened to 3 years in 1923 and to four years in 1927. Prior to 1927 all the girls were invariably chosen from Atauloma Girls’ School but now they were selected through competitive examinations from all schools. There have been over 35 graduating classes since the inception of the training school. The largest class totalled 51 and the smallest, one. To-day there are 164 nurses, half of whom are graduates and whose monthly pay is about £22. Even after marriage the girls are permitted to continue nursing.

Several graduates have left for Hawaii and the US to continue their education with an eye toward The modern and attractive hospital of American Samoa. 74

March, ,954 Pacific Islands Monthl

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B. & S.

BLUNDELL B. & S. obtaining an RN from that area.

Initia and three other nurses are again. in Papua, where they serve the people under the auspices of the LMS.

Winnie now is Chief Nurse for the greatly enlarged flock. She is a little grey around the temples as she is 58; while Pepe, who recently celebrated her 60th birthday, is as tiny as ever and spends her leisure time in Welfare Work and YWCA activities. Both women are proud of the success and great expansion of the Training School for Nurses in American Samoa.

NG Goldfields Seem Entitled to Some Simple Justice THE savagery with which governments can tax private enter prise, so that operations are handicapped and initiative discouraged, is shown in the case of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd.

Chairman J. Kruttschnitt, at the annual meeting in Sydney recently, pointed out that, although the Co., on ordinary standards, is doing reasonably well, its profits definitely are limited by (a) the imposition 3f a 5 per cent, royalty on the gross lvalue of all gold produced, irrespective of the cost of getting the gold; md (b) the maintenance of a large import duty on NGG timber entering Australia from New Guinea, although New Zealand timber, and the products of the new Commonivealth-Bulolo Gold Co., are reiieved of this burden.

It is hoped that the system of assessing the gold royalty in New Guinea will be altered soon, so as » give the operators there a chance )f developing new goldbearing ountry. Since the premium on gold las disappeared from the world’s tpen market—a very recent event— t becomes imperative that the Ausralian authority in New Guinea hall implement its old promise, and eview the royalty system. Otherwise, i good many gold shows will fold ip, and likelihood of new development will disappear.

Why Bulolo-Commonwealth and lew Zealand timber producers hould get a preference over timberroducing NGG is one of the minor lysteries of officialdom. Sheer ustice will demand a revision of his thing, also—if NGG remains ctive, and yells loud enough.

The Rev. Father A. McDonald, M, was in New Zealand on vacation ■om Nukunono, Tokelaus, in Feb- Jary. He reported that an epidemic f infectious jaundice had recently fleeted a large number of people n two of the atolls, and it would oubtless spread to the third. 75 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

CARS % fi AGENTS FOR: New Guinea• Australia Line of the China Navigation Co. Ltd.

Lombard Insurance Company Ltd.

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MARCH, 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Magazine Section

Tropicalities GOBBLEDEGOOK FIJI manganese miners, following the issue of an Order-in-Council dated February 9, know that the Fiji Government will, in future, collect a royalty on all manganese exported.

But do they know how much? The Order-in-Council says: “(i) Where the yield expressed as a percentage of the annual sale value does not exceed 20 per centum, royalty shall be at the rate of 3/40 of 1 per centum of the annual sale value for each 1 per centum of yield expressed as such percentage. (ii) Where the yield expressed as a percentage of the annual sale value exceeds 20 per centum, royalty shall be at the rate of seven and one-half per centum of the yield, together with an additional 1/8 of 1 per centum of the yield for each 1 per centum by which the yield expressed as such percentage exceeds 20 per centum.

“ ‘Yield’ means the difference between annual expenditure and annual sale value. Annual expenditure is defined in the Order.”

Fiji Offends Again

GRANNY, of the Sydney Morning Herald’s Eighth Column, runs a single-handed war against coined words, bad English and officialese.

He (we presume that Granny makes history by being the only masculine granny in the world) recently took exception to an advertisement for a health inspector for Fiji.

Snapped Granny; His duties, states the advertisement, include “deratisationand “ disinsectisation” of aircraft and shipping. f suppose they talk that way to impress the natives.

Hard Living

A MAN dropped into PlM’s Auckland office the other day, bursting with information about the Pago Pago fishing industry.

“Yes, we passed the Jap fishing boats at work the other day,” he said. “Funny thing, there were flocks of seagulls round them, flying on one wing.”

“What! Been injured, or something?”

“Oh, no. Just carrying their lunch under the other wing. Jap fishing-boats, you know!”

A Neon-Lighted Valley Of

AMAZONS THAT story which we reported in December PIM (about the valley of Amazons in some unspecified place in New Guinea, where the men are kept in caves and only allowed out for purposes of reproduction) is still going the rounds.

An American reader, serving in Korea, sends us a clipping from a Chicago negro paper called Jet which repeats the story—with some embellishments.

Our American friend also served in New Guinea, and asks somewhat urgently if there can be any truth in the story; he evidently feels that he missed out somewhere during his stay in the Territory.

According to Jet the story was first told at a London conference on street lighting, by a delegate called C. S. Downey. The Amazonian valley is put somewhere near Mt, Wilhelmina, in Dutch NG, and it is said that the women light their village with “weird neon-like moons ... a system of perfected artificial illumination equal, if not superior, to the gaseous tubes of the civilised 20th century.” The moons are described as stone balls about 12 feet The Canoes Sail Suva Harbour Again Some people who have visited Fiji frequently, or have even lived there, have never seen large sailing canoes like these. Fiji is, in fact, one of the few places in the South Pacific where every kid is not equipped with a small out-rigger canoe.

These large sailing canoes—l 7 of them—came from Fiji’s outer islands to escort the Royal Yacht Gothic up Suva Harbour on December 17. Gothic can be seen in the background of the top photo. Pho to by C. White. 77 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

in diameter and mounted on high columns.

We have never heard of Mi’.

Downey; and neither has anyone else .whom we have asked. But he deserves top marks for ingenuity and —as the politicians would say— “without fear of contradiction” introduced, at what was probably a very dull conference, something best calculated to arouse the interest of street-lighting experts—and others.

Mr. Downey’s trouble was that his story was too tasty a morsel to be reserved exclusively for electrical engineers. It has been served up in every newspaper from Chicago to Port Moresby, and beyond. Our original story came via South Africa.

And An Island Of Beautiful

VIRGINS DURING his recent Queen-seeing visit, we told the story to Mr.

Paul Mason, of Bougainville, who was suitably amused. His belief is that many of these fantastic furphys emanate from the natives themselves who frequently indulge in wishful-thinking about erotic delights that are supposed to exist beyond the reef or over the mountains.

He said that one group of Solomons natives had told him of an island of beautiful virgins which they had never seen but knew all about.

Only slightly less fantastic —and this time true —was one of Mr.

Mason’s own experiences when on the run on a Coastwatching job behind the Jap lines in Bougainville during the war. In the high mountains they came upon natives who lived entirely without water. The large party which was with Mi’.

Mason had perforce to do the same, and managed for some weeks without too much discomfort —so long as they kept to native foods and ate no meat or salt.

Drinking water was obtained from a growing bamboo for a native who was suffering from malaria; but the rest of them got sufficient for their requirements from native foods and from endless chewing of sugar-cane.

Sent Back Home

FROM Sydney Daily Telegraph: “We hear that the Burns Philp ship Mangola loaded in Lae a couple of weeks ago—2,ooo dozen bottles of Australian beer which the locals wouldn’t buy, apparently preferring the Moresby-made South Pacific draught beer.

“By an extraordinary coincidence, mainland breweries sent greatly increased supplies of bottled beer to New Guinea about the same time as the South Pacific brewery opened in Port Moresby.”

Actually, Mrs. Flo Stewart shipped 2,200 dozen beer to her Sydney agents. We understand the shipment comprises West Australian and Victorian brands, which the Morobe folk simply refuse to drink when they can get the Moresby brew.

Noumea Beer In New

CHANNELS ON the subject of Pacific Islands beers, it is interesting to learn that the bottled product of the Noumea brewery, to which reference was made in PIM not long ago, has now virtually disappeared from the European market in New Caledonia.

The lawmakers of New Caledonia, in pursuance of their policy of liberty, equality and fraternity, decided to legalise beer-drinking by persons of native status; and, within a month, supplies of the Noumea beer, which sells at a price decidedly less than the imported article, had been diverted to native markets.

Noumea Europeans report sourly that, as only imported brands are available to them, they now must either drink less or pay more.

Dogura’S New Bible Cost

£l2O/15/- WHEN the well-known merchant of Samarai and Lae, Mr. R. F. (Bob) Bunting, returned from England to P-NG at the end of January, he brought with him as a gift for the Anglican Mission, Dogura, Papua, a Coronation Bible which cost him 115 guineas—Sterling guineas, we imagine.

Only a very few of these Bibles were printed and 11 of them were for sale, the rest going into museums.

The Bibles were hand printed and hand sewn and one of them was used by Queen Elizabeth at her Coronation.

Mr. Bunting has presented the Bible to the Dogura Cathedral in memory of the late Rev. Dennis Taylor, who lost his life at Higatura during the Mt. Lamington eruption in 1951.—H.

Us Travel Agents Learn

About Hurricanes

SURELY the most amusing aspect of the January near-hurricane in Fiji must have been the unhappily timed efforts of Mr. Bob Hewlett, head of Fiji Visitors’

Bureau, Mr. Harvey Hunt, of Hunt’s Travel Agency, and Mr. Paul Harrick?, Pan American’s District Traffic Manager, in attempting to display the travel virtues of Fiji to a party of United States and Canadian travel agents at the. height of the blow.

The main blast happily missed Viti Levu, but there was still a great deal of wind and rain, and the travel agents arrived just prior to the start of it all. But look-around plans went ahead, regardless.

Just why Fiji should be spending large sums of money bringing groups of travel agents to Fiji—even in good weather —when the Colony is incapable of housing even the routine travellers and business people from overseas, has never been clearly explained.

There is one school of thought which considers that encouraging American tourists to Fiji, at this stage, is likely to damage the trade in the long run. This is especially true in regard to Suva, where there is certainly no sign of any tourist accommodation becoming available in the forseeable future.

One Minute Quiz

1. Even if you have never visited London, you have heard of the London Mews. Situated in hack streets and lanes, they are the old stables of the great houses of a by-gone age. In this day of the motor car, the mews have been converted to other purposes—often to fashionable . dwelling places for the arty fraternity. You know all this, but do you know where the term “mews” originated? 2. Occasionally you hear it said of a sailor that he “came up from the fo’castle” —meaning that he started life as an ordinary seaman whose quarters (before the post-war era which has given greater consideration to the comfort of the AB at sea) were down in the bows of the ship. Although the word is> pronounced “fo-castle,” it should be written “forecastle.” Why is this word applied to this forward part of a ship? (Answers on Page 87) Charles Bernard Dupertuis has now spent 50 years in the Pacific. He was born in Switzerland, educated in France and Spain, and apart from a brief visit to his homeland in 1931, has spent the last 30 years in the New Hebrides.

Most of his work has been on various aspects of plantation management, particularly entomology. His best effort was when he went to Java and obtained the parasite “Pleurotropis”, which saved the copra production in the New Hebrides. In 1939 he went to New Guinea and the Solomons to study the entomology of “nutfall”, but the war interrupted this assignment. Mr.

Dupertuis is now, at the age of 74, living in semi-retirement near Santo.— BRETT HILDER. 78 MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Charley Has A Spell

By Bill Gill

'TITHE infernal racket in this town,”

J. said Charley peevishly, “is getting me down.” He had to shout to make himself heard above the din of passing trams, trucks, buses and other traffic; and I, who had enjoyed his hospitality in the Islands on so many occasions, could sympathise with him.

I well remember the brooding stillness of his verandah, broken only by the rustle of the wind in the palm fronds, the murmur of the surf on the reef, and the subdued thunder of his gastric indigestion.

“I’m heading for the bush for a spell of quiet,” he continued. “Leaving to-morrow to stay with an old mate of mine who’s got a place out West. Angus McPhee is his name —used to be Spanish Consul until they found him out. His wife has left him on account of him being obsolete, so he’ll enjoy my company.”

I assured Charley he couldn’t do better; and, after arranging to see him off, we parted. * * * On the following morning, I held his suitcase whilst he approached the booking office.

“I want a ticket,” he said. “Return.”

“Where to?” asked the clerk.

“Why, to here, of course! I’ve got to come back here, though I hate the sight of the place.”

The clerk eyed him in silence for a while. Then: “You want to return here, you say. Now, tell me this, where do you want to return here from.”

It took Charley a few moments to digest this rather involved question, but the meaning gradually dawned on him. “Why, back from McPhee’s place, of course,” he cried. “You don’t think I’m going to camp with him permanently, do you?’

“Listen, mate,” began the clerk with a dangerous edge to his voice.

Then, to his ever-lasting credit, he swallowed his wrath and continued in a quieter tone: “This McPhee, where does he live?”

“Why, in Bellbird Gully, of course,” Charley answered. “Where else, I’d like to know!”

“A return to Bellbird Gully,” said the clerk “will set you back two pounds fifteen.”

“WHAT!” shouted the outraged Charley. “Come again?”

“You heard me,” said the clerk.

“Two fifteen—cash.”

“I won’t pay it,” howled Charley.

“I don’t want to buy a train, I only want to travel a little way in one.

Why, I’d sooner pad the hoof than pay a price like that.”

“Suit yourself, Pop!’ said the clerk, indifferently.

“Now listen here, young fellah— -111 go as far as thirty bob for a ticket, not a penny more.”

“Okay. There’s a lot of places you can travel to for thirty bob, but Bellbird Gully isn’t one of them.” , so?” said Charley, bitterly, “in that case I’ll walk”— and he turned away from the booking-office with a brave air of finality.

The clerk grinned derisively, and Charley knew he was licked. .“Very well, then,” he said, slapping down a couple of notes. “I’ll take a ticket to Bellbird Gully— single. And I’ll never use your perishing railway again as long as I live.”

He boarded the train breathing fire and brimstone, and vowing to shake the dust of Sydney from his feet forever. * * * A couple of days later who should I bump into but Charley!

“I thought you said wild horses wouldn’t drag you back to Sydney again,” said I. ‘'Well, they didn’t,” Charley replied.

“But something did,” I rejoined.

“Tell me.”

“When I arrived at Bellbird Gully,” said Charley, setting down his glass, “there’s McPhee all set to board the train I’d got off. ‘l’m going to Tasmania,’ says he. ‘Just heard my wife’s won the lottery there so I’ve decided to forgive her.

You go on up to my place,’ he goes on. ‘You’ll easily find it —just help yourself!’—and he hopped on the train and off!

“It wasn’t so easy to find his place, at that, but I got there in the end “Where to?” 79 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

with the help of providence and an asthmatic jalopy. The house looked all right, too, set in a garden abloom with wolf-bane and stinking roger, and quiet as they come, except for the wild howling of a million mosquitoes. But it was nearly midnight before I’d rustled up a feed for myself and collected a mattress and a few blankets from different parts of the house.

“I’d hardly got my head down, it seemed, when an eldrich screech nearly lifted my scalp off. It was only a rooster, big as a Cassowary, perched on the window sill. After I’d bounced both my boots off his chest and cracked him over the skull a few times with the curtain rod, I managed to dislodge him, close the window, and get back to bed.

“I was just dropping off again when an Imperial bang rocked the house off its foundations, almost. I leaped up and poked my head through the shattered window: ‘What the ?’ I began; but a young fellow interrupted me: ‘Pull your head in, Pop,’ says he. ‘We’re only blasting out a few tree stumps to clear this site for a railway marshalling yard.’

“Well the blasting went on all morning. Then along came bulldozers, graders, pneumatic drills and heaven knows what, and I started yearning for the quiet racket of the city again—so here I am.

“And there’s always a sea breeze in Sydney,” Charley concluded, “I get a kick out of that.”

Famous Ex-Sultan To

Live In South Seas

SINCE it was officially announced that the deposed Sultan of Morocco, Sidi Mohammed Ben Youssef, is being sent by France to live in Tahiti, European and Australian newspapers have been tingling with stories about what one of them calls “this bloody, sadistic Bluebeard.”

The stories are of two classes. In some of them, Ben Youssef is shown to be a focal-point of grave political danger in the Middle East, with France determined to get him as far away from North Africa as possible.

Hence, Tahiti.

The other stories are concerned more with the ex-Sultan’s harem— it appears that he is accompanied by numerous concubines, and that Ben Youssef governs this institution in a manner not usually followed in the South Pacific Islands.

The original report, early February, said that the ex-Sultan and his menage were going to Tahiti via Mauritius. This indicated a Qantas-TEAL air-booking. There was no record of such a booking: so the PIM, publishing the report, cast doubt on its authenticity.

However, a couple of weeks later, in New York, Senator Henri Lafleur, President of the French Overseas Territories Commission, on his way to the South Pacific, told the newspapers officially that the French Council of Ministers had decided to send Ben Youssef to Tahiti; and it then appeared that the ex- Sultan and party had already started the journey to the South Seas in an Air France charter plane.

THERE has been nationalist unrest in Morocco for a long time. Last August the French, having decided that Sultan Sidi Mahomed Ben Youssef was assisting an independence movement, deposed him. They permitted him to make his own domestic arrangements —under official supervision, of course. So, with a considerable establishment of wives, sons, daughters, concubines and servants, Ben Youssef took up his residence at the Napoleon Bonaparte Hotel, in Bastia, in the French Mediterranean island of Corsica.

But it has been an uneasy interlude. The nationalist movement in Morocco is active; and impetus has been given to it because, for some reason, General Franco, Dictator of Spain, who is the official head of Spanish Morocco, gives his moral support to Ben Youssef.

Some sensationalist newspapers reported, not long ago, that Franco had got into touch with the former Nazi paratroop ace, Otto Skorzeny (famous for having rescued Mussolini, by air, from a mountain-top) and offered him a fantastic sum if he could get Ben Youssef away from French control in Corsica, and back into anti-French Africa. All this disturbed the French because— as seen in a dozen places at this moment—the ‘whole Arabic-North African world is in a ferment.

ON January 25, the French carried out a coup. Ben Youssef and his family were aroused early that morning, and conducted politely but firmly to a large plane that had been chartered from Air France. According to some reports, another plane followed with a large quantity of luggage and foodstuffs.

Both planes flew directly to Brazzaville, in French Equatorial Africa; and on January 27 the party arrived at Tananarive, in Madagascar (the large island, owned by France, on the east coast of Africa).

One report said that the party included two wives, two sons, and seven concubines; another said three wives, two sons, three daughters, and 20 concubines dressed in blue robes; while other reduced the wives to one, and the concubines to eight.

Late in February, the ex-Sultan and his party were still in Madagascar, while the French were organising transport (an Air France charter was indicated) and proper housing in Tahiti.

Transport probably was a difficulty, because Air France organisation does not extend eastwards (Continued on Page 86) It was only a rooster.

An artist’s impression of Ex-Sultan Sidi Mohammed Ben Youssef, from Sydney "Daily Telegraph.” 80 MARCH, 19 5 4 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Ranching On The Island

Of Inscrutable Images

WHENEVER Easter Island is in the news, it is almost always in connection with its great stone images or its uses as a possible air-route staging point. And so, as Percy H. Edmunds is not a scientist or an aviator, the newspapers overlooked his visit to New Zealand recently.

Yet for 28 years Percy Edmunds managed the 40,000-acre sheep-andcattle station that has given the island its only real importance all through the years. What a history he could write of those 28 years— if only he felt inclined. He has an amazingly clear recollection of numerous interesting events—of trouble on the island, of droughts, of scientists calling, and of shipwrecks. The very ship that took him there in 1900 was promptly wrecked on its arrival.

The horrors of that voyage are still very vivid to him.

The Picpus Fathers seem to have been the first outsiders to introduce stock —partly for their own purposes but also to encourage the local people to develop a trade with ships needing such supplies, and perhaps with South America.

Up to their arrival in 1864, the island had been a sort of no-man’sland, and a happy hunting ground for the nitrate and guano slavers.

French warships, after 1864, watched the interests of the missionaries, and the island began to develop ties with Tahiti for that reason.

By the early 1870’s, John Brander, of Tahiti, who saw the business possibilities of the island, established a manager there. Alexander Salmon seems to have been the first, then later a retired French army captain, a veteran of the Crimea War, took over, and a period of great unrest developed due to his strong antagonism towards the missionaries. This culminated in the temporary evacuation of the missionaries, who went, in 1878, with 300 faithful supporters, to Mangareva. At about the same time, Brander took 500 other natives to Tahiti to work the sugar plantations at Atimaono, and also bought the s.ock on Easter which belonged to the missionaries.

IN 1888, the island was formally annexed to Chile. Possibly the Chilean Government then bought out the Brander interests — because soon afterwards a Valparaiso man with big pastoral interests, named Enrique Marlet, acquired the stock-raising concession by tender or auction. A man named Cooper was placed in charge.

A few years later a London firm, Williamson, Balfour & Co., with interests in North and South America, gained the major share from Marlet, who was said to have originally paid £4,000 for the concession.

It was at this stage that Percy Edmunds’ association with Easter began.

He was a young Englishman, and went to Chile after working on stations in the Argentine. At Valparaiso, in 1899, he met Marlet and was persuaded to take the job. At that time, like most people, he knew nothing about this 12-by-5 miles island that lies over 2,000 miles west of Valparaiso—and there was precious little enlightenment in the encyclopedias which he consulted.

But the following year he was on his way, in the chartered Chilean Government schooner Sarita, which had been launched only three years previously.

No adjectives, says Edmunds, can adequately describe the discomforts of that long voyage. The ship was filthy, the food frightful, and he was very seasick. The island was overshot but was located by the Swedish skipper and his German mate after a few days of beating about in bad weather. She had scarcely made her anchorage, before she was ashore, dragging her anchor in a squall. She become a total loss.

Only regular contact with the island then—as now—was by ttfe supply boat once each year, in midsummer. But, luckily for Sarita’s crew—Japanese, Polynesian, Chilean, Scandinavian—a passing vessel called and took them with her. Six months later, the British warships Flora and Cambrin called, picked up the master and mate who had remained, and landed them at Suva. _ ,° n his arrival at the island Edmunds found a human population of about 200 (which rose to twice that during his 28 years “reign” and is now about 700), a great many cattle of indeterminate strain, and about 5,000 Merino sheep. Each Summer, wool, dried meat, hides and tallow were shipped away. But prices declined and in 1904 the company decided to abandon operations, sending orders that as many cattle as possible were to be killed.

About 2,000 were shot before Edmunds left, returning to England for a holiday. Three years later, operations were again commenced, there then being some 400 cattle.

This number rose during the years to 23,000 head and 7,000 sheep— drought and lack of food being the limiting factors.

In 1932, three years after Edmunds departed for the last time, there were said to be 30,000 head of cattle on the island. Marlet died about 1910.

PERCY EDMUNDS travelled to Valparaiso every five to seven years for a look at the outside world. He recalls that in 1921 he returned to the island aboard a yacht recently mentioned in PIM and now in Sydney— Cariad I, now owned by A. W. Flitton, of South Africa. She was then the Fidra, which had been purchased for £5,000 from Lord Dunrevan, by a group of Swedish reserve Army and Navy officers. One of them later wrote a book — Around the World in Fidra —which contains a photo of Edmunds aboard the vessel. But the nautical history of Easter Island is a considerable story in itself.

Somewhere in the mid-1920’s a Mr. Charlie Daley gained an important interest in the pastoral company, and it was he who took over from Edmunds in 1929, but in the late 1930’s the company became a public one with its shares quoted on the Valparaiso stock-market, Williamson, Balfour & Co. continuing to have a substantial interest.

For some years now, an Australian named Jack Lord has managed the holding. In recent years a radio station, operated by the Chile administration, has been established and the present manager makes daily contact with Daley, who appears to be the overall manager, at Valparaiso. From him Percy Edmunds has lately heard that as from January 1, of this year, the pastoral concession was nationalised by the Chilean Government.

The present company may, perhaps, continue to manage it on the Government’s behalf. They were given a 20-year concession in 1944.

Percy Edmunds has lived in quiet retirement in Tahiti since he left the island in 1929—apart from one trip back to Valparaiso on business, a trip home to England, and an occasional visit to his grown-up family in New Zealand. He returned to Tahiti from NZ in February JIM SHORTALL.

Mr. Percy H. Edmunds. This photo was taken in Auckland during January. 81 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

How Segi Rose and Fell Personal War Tragedy of Harold Markham MANY famous people—especially world-travellers and writers — will learn with sorrow that Harold Aubrey Markham, aged and sick and poor, died in Sydney on February 8. In the two decades between the World Wars, H. A. Markham became famous as the South Pacific’s finest host, and for the beauty of the plantation home he personally built on the Morovo Lagoon, in the Solomon Islands.

Before the turn of the century, Harold Markham was probably the youngest quartermaster in the Union Castle Line. But his post on the Northam Castle did not satisfy his itchy feet, and he left the service in South Africa. He was successively officer in charge of the Durban fire brigade, and the Kimberley fire brigade* The latter job included some police duties. Markham used to bash the side of his hands on wood, to toughen them for the frequent occasions when he had to handle criminals—illicit diamond buyers made the pace in Kimberley s crime list then.

Came the Boer War, and Markham went through the campaign in a Light Horse regiment. He wandered around and then he went to Australia as quartermaster of the Aberdeen White Star liner Nmeveji.

In Sydney, in 1912 he agreed to so to Ontong JB.V3, (Southern Solomcn s) to take charge of a Lever’s trade-store and co p r a-b uyi n g agency.

So the Islands “got” him. He was then in his middle thirties, and seeking an anchorage. Ontong Java is a Polynesian outlier, and Markham met an attractive Polynesian girl, and settled down there with her—after a few years he was called “the uncrowned king of Ontong Java.”

WHILE a trader in Ontong Java, Markham decided to plant up his own plantation in the Solomons; and he chose, as the site of his new home, a very beautiful place on Njai Passage, at the southwest end of the Marovo Lagoon. He not only planted coconuts —he personally designed and, over a period of six or seven years, built his famous homestead, Segi.

Segi had everything in the way of amenities and beauty—a private wharf, crushed coral roads and pathways, lawns and gardens, a 6holes golf-course, even a quarteracre of English clover maintained at a cost of £2OO per annum, so that the owner could walk about in comfort with bare feet. The house was surrounded by a very deep verandah, and was planned with an eye always to comfort and coolness.

After the lapse of some seven years, in the early ’Twenties, when the palms were big enough to give an income, Markham sold his Ontong Java place to “Tas” Walton, and settled down at Segi, to live the life he loved best—complete independence, and dispensing hospitality to countless friends and visitors.

Markham bought from Jack London the famous yacht Lily, and BELOW: The people who returned to BSIP in March, 1946, with Harold Markham (left to right) G. R. Younger, A. Olsen, Lieut.

A. M. Andreson, R. Laycock, H.

Markham, Mrs. Georgina Seton, Mr.

C. W. Seton. Front row: J. S. Mill, O. Bergin, T. H. Elkington, R. C.

Symes, G. W. Johnson.

MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

ran her for years before he sold her to “Bob” McKerlie, of Malasogo, Vella Lavella. (Mr. McKerlie now has a hotel in Bathurst Street, Sydney). Markham’s one daughter by his Ontong Java wife was named Lily, after the yacht. Lily was wrecked while in McKerlie’s ownership.

All kinds of famous and rich people were guests of Harold Markham at Segi. Among them was the American yeast millionaire, Fleischman, who travelled in one of the most magnificent yachts of that time, the Canarqo. The American loved Markham’s home; and, one day, he said: “Harold, I’ll trade you Canargo for Segi.’

“Nothing doing,” said Markham.

“I would not sell Segi at any price.”

Every voyager who sailed through the Solomons in the ’Thirties had stories to tell of Segi. To know Markham was to become his friend, for all time. He appeared in many books.

WHEN the Japs invaded the Solomons in 1942, all Europeans were evacuated, and Markham spent four miserable years in Australia, and doing war work.

Early in 1946, after the Japs had surrendered, the BSI plantationowners gathered in Sydney, clamorous to get back to their homes.

Finally, they sailed off as the scratch crew of the mission ship Southern Cross —here is the group photograph which the PIM published in March, 1946, Markham among them.

It was a heartbreaking experience for all of them. Their plantations had either gone back to jungle, or were smashed. Unlike the Papua- New Guinea planters, they got no war damage compensation. None was worse hit than Markham.

The war had rolled right over his property—the great battle of Munda was actually fought around Morovo Lagoon. Segi’s famous homestead had been literally blown to pieces.

Markham, now over 70, had neither the means nor the heart to start all over again. He hovered around for a while, and then he said goodbye to the famous place of his dreams. It was one of the real tragedies of the war.

He accepted a position from the Western Pacific High Commission, and was administrative officer at Christmas Island for a couple of years. But he was a sick man, and his spirit was broken. He came back to Sydney, and made his home with his daughter, Lily, now a widow.

He was bed-ridden for four or five years.

I HAD written the first paragraph of this article, and was trying to piece together the story of H. A. Markham’s life, when a voice called me on the telephone. “Could you tell me, please, how I could get in touch with H. A. Markham, who used to have Segi plantation, in the Solomons?” I told him that the old man died, at 78, on February 8.

He was silent a moment, and then he said: “I have been away for years—l have been waiting for my return to Sydney to look him up.”

He was Captain Harold Robinson, who used to run Burns Philp ships to the Solomons over 30 years ago, and who then was a very close friend of H. A. Markham. It was he who gave me most of the foregoing details of Markham’s early life.—RWß.

What is a Spinet? rpHE young daughter of an Islands JL resident, attending a Melbourne school, sat for a music exam, and had to write an essay on Johann Sabastian Bach. Apart from his use of a spinet, she had evidently been most impressed by the unusual size of his family.

“Bach was a great musician,” she wrote. “He had 21 children and every day he practised on a spinster.” : Mr. H. A. Ragg has been appointed Director of Public Works, Fiji, in succession to Mr. J. P. Bruen, who recently resigned. Mr. Ragg, who was born in the Colony, has been Deputy Director since 1952.

Monkey Business

A young man named Cholmondeley Colquhoun Once kept as a pet a Daholquboun; His mother said, “Cholmondeley I don’t think its coimondelely To feed your babolquhoun with a spolquhoun.”

Pim Crossquiz No. 49

Solution on Page 84.

ACROSS I. —Who wrote an autobiography under the title of “Melodies and Memories”? 7.—What was the name of G. K.

Chesterton’s best-known character? 9. —Bronze is an alloy of copper and . . . ? 10. “No . . . is so general which admits not some exception” 11. —Who composed “The Count of Luxembourg”? 13. —In which country is the volcano Mt. Hecla? 15. —What is the title given to a prince of Afghanistan? 16. —ln which State is America’s most famous speedway? 17.—What do we call the stomach lining of cattle? 19._What lizard is remarkable for its power to change colour to resemble its surroundings? 21. —Which former New South Wales teacher has written many works concerning the psychology of sex? 22. —W here was St.

Francis born?

DOWN 1. —W hich ancient Egyptian queen is best known to this generation of all the great beauties of the past? 2. Which of Jonathan Swift’s characters maintained that boiled eggs should be cracked at the small end? 3. —who invented the 3colour process of colour printing? 4. —What feminine Christian name means “lovable”? 5. —What laudatory adjective was applied to Richard I of England? 6. —ln which English village is the Grand National run?

B.—Who is considered the most gifted writer of fairy tales the world has known? 12. —In the Middle Ages, what name did the Crusaders give their non-Christian enemies? 14.—T0 whom was Sir Henry Newbolt referring in his poem when he said “An’ drum them up the channel as we drummed them long ago”? 18.—What fibre obtained from the immense leaves of a Mexican tree is used very extensively in making carpets, sacking, etc.? 20.—Who was one of Napoleon’s most noteworthy generals? 83 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Make Use Of Local

Green Vegetables

(Extracts from talk broadcast from ZJV by the Nutrition Section of the South Pacific Health Service).

There are numerous green leaves both wild and cultivated commonly used for food throughout the Pacific Islands.

Generally speaking the young leaves, shoots or fronds are used, and cooked in a small quantity of water or coconut cream. (Recipes for coconut cream or 1010 have been published previously in PIM.) Young dalo (or taro) leaves are one of the best local greens and provide a good source of vitamins. They should be well cooked and the water changed during cooking, to ensure the removal of an irritating substance. A very common way of serving young taro leaves is in a dish called “rourou” in Fiji and “palusami” in Samoa.

This is a very popular dish in all parts of Fiji and other islands of the Pacific.

To make it, cook the young dalo leaves in a little water, discard and add a thick 1010, or coconut cream, just before serving. A little onion is sometimes cooked with the leaves for flavouring.

If the coconut cream and young leaves are boiled together the coconut cream is inclined to curdle and this spoils the appearance of the dish.

In Samoa palusami is prepared in the following way: PALUSAMI 3 bunches taro leaves (about 60 leaves). 1 teaspoon salt. 3 cups coconut cream (from 4 coconuts). 3 young banana leaves. 3 breadfruit leaves.

Wash the taro leaves, remove the stem and tough veins of the leaves. Divide the large leaves into several pieces.

Arrange about 30 leaves in the palm of the left hand, forming a cup to hold the coconut cream. Pour about Vz cup coconut cream into the leaves. Fold the leaves over each other to keep in the coconut cream. Put this bundle into a piece of banana leaf about 6 by 8 inches in size. Over-wrap the edges and place on the shiny side of a breadfruit leaf.

Overlap the edges of the breadfruit leaf, tuck the stem through the midrip of the leaf to fasten it. Steam or bake for about 2 hours. Before serving remove the breadfruit leaf but not the banana leaf.

Serve from the banana leaf hot as a vegetable.

In many island recipes, banana and breadfruit leaves are used for wrapping foods and these leaves take the place of parchment cooking paper. Greens, fish and meat are placed in the leaf and made into a bundle which is then steamed, baked or boiled. Foods cooked in this way keep their flavour and nutritive value.

Bele is another good green vegetable.

It grows as a shrub and is a good substitute for spinach. It is often planted between other crops in the gardens. The plant lasts for 3 or more years and it grows to about 6 feet in height.

Bele grows easily from cuttings or seed and thrives best in rich or well manured soil. Wtoen planting, place the cuttings in rows and the plants can then be staked for support if necessary. The plant has fleshy green lobed leaves and yellow flowers which are very similar to cotton and hibiscus. The young leaves and shoots are usually cooked and eaten with taro or other root vegetables.

Chinese Cabbage is a good substitute for English cabbage and is nearly always obtainable from the market. It is easily recognised by its white stems and bright green leaves.

This is a vegetable which is easily grown at home from seed. Sow the seeds in a seed box containing wellworked soil or in a well-prepared bed.

Cover the seeds with V 4 to V 2 an inch of soil, press down and water thoroughly.

When the plants are big enough to handle, transplant into beds, setting the rows 18 inches apart. A dull or light rainy day is the best for transplanting.

When the plants are well established give them a dressing of blood and bone manure using about 3 oz. for each square yard, or if available, 3 oz. of sulphate of ammonia or nitrate of soda per square yard. This will help the plants to be tender and to grow quickly.

Fried Chinese Cabbage

Wash the China cabbage, take out the stem portions, chop roughly. Melt a little dripping or lard in a frying pan and fry a handful of the cabbage at a time for about a minute. Scrape to the side of the pan and continue to fry handfuls of the cabbage until all is cooked. Serve very hot.

There are many other useful greens some of which you may have growing in your garden already. The young shoots of the kumala (or sweet potato) plant make a good spinach and these provide a source of vitamins A and C. Young tapioca leaves are used in the same way and are known to be one of the richest sources of vitamin C. They are also rich in iron and calcium.

Sweet Potato Leaf Salad

IV2 lbs. kumala leaves or W 2 cups cooked leaves.

Pinch salt. 3 medium sized tomatoes. 2 hard boiled eggs. 6 tablespoons French dressing.

Grated coconut.

Wash and remove the tougher stems from the kumala leaves. Place in a pan and cover with the lid, do not add any water. When the leaves start to cook, remove the lid, add salt and cook until leaves are tender. Drain and chill thoroughly.

Slice eggs and tomatoes, arrange around the edge of a flat dish —and place the cooked kumala leaves in the centre.

Season with French dressing and decorate with grated coconut. Allow to stand for about quarter of an hour before serving.

One large onion sliced or spring onions can be used as a change from the eggs.

The tips of the young green shoots of the pumpkin plant are delicious added to salads or chopped up and added to soup.

Recipe Corner

READERS are invited to send in recipes using Pacific Islands ingredients or ingredients readily obtainable in the Islands. Ten shillings will be paid for each one used.

Paw Paw Yeast

(Sometimes for no apparent reason, bread refuses to rise in the Tropics. This yeast is guaranteed by the reader who sent it, to have the kick of a mule.) Boil down a whole paw paw including skin and seeds and strain the liquid. For a loaf containing four cups of flour, save IV2 cups of the paw paw liquid; add to this, when cold, IV2 level tablespoons of sugar, IV2 tablespoons of flour and 1 teaspoon of dried yeast. Mix well, put in a bottle, cover for use next morning.

With some yeast left in the bottle, only 1 tablespoon of flour and 1 tablespoon of sugar to each cup of paw paw liquid will be required for the next lot.

Boiled down yam, like boiled down potato also makes a good yeast. The paw paw, yam and potato all soften and preserve the bread. —“Pandanus” (NG).

Tropical Fruit Pudding

1 cup fresh breadcrumbs. 1 cun mixed fruit—or what is available, sultanas, etc. 1 cup mashed bananas. 1 tablespoon brown sugar (white will do). 1 tablespoon milk. i/a level teaspoon carb. soda, pinch salt.

Dissolve the soda in the milk. Mix all the ingredients together and steam for 3Vz hours. Serve hot with sweet sauce, brandy sauce or ice cream.

This pudding tastes full of butter but is not “heavy” like a suet fruit pudding.

Mrs. M.S. (NG).

Solution to Crossquiz From Page 83 84 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Bins Philp (New Guinea) United

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Code Address: Burphil.

Bentley’s Complete Phrase Code.

Branches NEW GUINEA: PAPUA: Rabaul (Kavieng, Kokopo) Port Moresby Lae (Wail, Bulolo) Samara!

Madang Associated Pacific island Companies Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd. Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Ltd.

Australian Agents: Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd.

All States

London Agents: Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., London House, 35 Crutched Friars, E.C.3.

San Francisco Agents: Burns Philp Coy. of San Francisco Inc., 510 Matson Bldg.

Lloyd S Agents

Agents for: THE SHELL COMPANY OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED Representatives for: QUEENSLAND INSURANCE CO. LTD. BURNS PHILP TRUST CO. LTD.

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TOILET SOAP IN AUSTRALIA Economy f Y ° U imp JHESE COMPiEXI O movements in u day. £ c °mptlxion! lehter T Less oiliness! * -i'Siisa v Srs Bath Sizes beyond New Caledonia. Air France planes run regularly from Southeast Asia, via Brisbane, to New Caledonia. A land plane could get beyond that point, to Fiji; but, after that, a flyingboat is required.

MEANWHILE, some newspapers really let themselves go on the history of Ben Youssef’s harem in Morocco. France Soir, which has the biggest daily newspaper circulation in France, reported early in February that the Sultan once learned that some half-dozen of his concubines had been seduced; and, immediately thereafter, seven palace servants were arrested and the angry Sultan gave them the choice between revolver bullets and lions.

Officials interceded, and the seven were sent to prison for life. Here are some more juicy morsels from the same newspaper (France Soir ) : One junior officer of the Sultan’s Imperial Guard who seduced a concubine was sentenced to 1,000 blows of the whip, at the rate of 100 lashes a day. At the end of three days and 300 lashes he died.

Once, when the Sultan sent male servants to flog some women for “a peccadillo,” the men “were conquered by their charms, and, tossing aside the implements of torment, subjected the pretty victims to a more tender treatment. The monarch found them in flagrante delicto.

The women were whipped while the Sultan laughed at their screams, and they were then thrown into foul cells, where they were kept on starvation rations. The men were also whipped and then chained to the walls of their cells.

HOWEVER, when a prominent personage is dragged down, the sensational newspapers are prone to publish imaginative stories of this description; and these colourful pictures of life in a Sultan’s palace should be well salted before being taken, and not accepted as an indication of what is likely to happen in Tahiti.

Some writers, in recent articles, have had good things to say about Ben Youssef, and have presented him as a courageous Moroccan patriot who was prepared to sacrifice his throne and privileges in the cause of freedom and independence.

Life in Tahiti always has been colourful and picturesque, and it would appear the establishment of the ex-Sultan there will not detract from those qualities.

Mr. Harold Cooper, who was Information Officer in Fiji during the war and who later became Public Relations Officer in Nigeria, has retired from the Colonial Service. He now is living in America, and is active in broadcasting and television. 86 Ex~Sultan For South Seas (From page 80) MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

PLAIN AND

Self Raising

FLOUR, (Uk fob it/ ESTABLISHED 1868 Agents for Fiji, Tonga and Samoa: C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD., Suva. Fiji.

BRAND All Types of Canned Meats Packed To Order Address All Inquiries to:

Sydney Meat Preserving Co. (Ltd.)

(ESTABLISHED 1870) Parramatta Rood, Auburn, N.S.W.-P.O. Box 40, Auburn D , ____ Cable Address: “Meatwalk,” Sydney, irnone. TJX 6611. 1. A mews was originally the place where the King kept his hunting hawks confined —or mewed up. The first Royal Mews was near Charing Cross, but in Henry VIII’s day the Royal stables burned down and Henry put his horses in with his hawks. Hawking declined in favour, and mews became associated with horses.

When new stables were built behind Buckingham Palace for George IV, about 200 years later, the name still stuck. The horses which Queeh Elizabeth uses on State occasions are stabled in the same Royal Mews. 2. When England first engaged in naval battles, the ships in use were only modifications of the old Viking ships and the most deadly weapon was still the bow and arrow. To enable the archers to operate, castle-like platforms were built at bow, stern and sometimes amidships.

“Forecastle’ is still the name given to that part of thef bow of a ship.

Construction of the New Bank of New Zealand building in Apia on the corner of Beach Road and Post Office Road, next to the new Methodist Church, has commenced.

At a ceremony in January, the President of the Apia Chamber of Commerce, Mr. H. Gow, turned the first sod. The new building, construction of which is supervised by Mr. L. A. Pearson, who ouilt the adjoining church, will be a twostoried concrete structure, estimated to cost about £38,000.

Micronesia to Have Commercial Radio FIRST commercial broadcasting station to be established anywhere in the Pacific Islands outside Hawaii is opening at Guam.

A private-station monopoly has been granted to an American business man, Mr. Harry Engel, for an undisclosed period.

Programme material will be under certain supervision.

Engel, who may later establish a television station at Guam, thinks the monopoly will be a highly profitable venture from the advertising point of view. Guam has a population of about 70,000, including 20,000 Americans and 10,000 Filipinos; in addition, the station (which will supplant the present Armed Forces Radio Service station), will serve most of the rest of the Trust Territory of Micronesia through its transmitter KUAM.

Mr. D. T. Lloyd, Senior Surveyor and Lands Officer in Sierra Leone, has been appointed Deputy Director of Lands in Fiji. He is 36 and is a graduate of Bristol University. 87 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954 Answers to One Minute Quiz From Page 78

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Ladies’ Briefs And Singlets

Nile offers a particularly fine range of ladies’ and children’s cotton and rayon cotton briefs, pantees and singlets.

Nile Handkerchiefs

Nile products include a beautifully varied range of ladies’ and men’s handkerchiefs, including printed bandana in assorted designs and colours.

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Sole Agents'. Papua-New Guinea and Solomon Islands for — Docke & Co., Bremen (Cardock Bush Knives, Hatchets, Axes, etc., including All Trade Lines).

“Geo” Spanish Shot Guns.

Dominion Flour and Wheatmeal.

Sunnyside Canned Fruit.

Palm Brilliantine.

Specialising in Piecegoods and Ashby Bicycles.

Webster’s Biscuits.

“Can’t Tear ’Em” Sanforized Drill Shorts, and Trousers.

Faultless Shirts. Pyjamas.

Northgate Axe and Hammer Handles.

Inner Spring Mattresses, Pillows, etc.

Mosquito Nets for Native Issue.

TRADE ENQUIRIES INVITED—ALL TYPES OF MERCHANDISE SUPPLIED.

Overseas Indents Arranged

McDonald-Yates Wedding Mr. N, Pearson, who is to succeed Mr. C. S. Reay as Fiji Commissioner of Labour, has arrived in Suva.

Samoan Senators To Go

TO SCHOOL New Governor's Plans for Development GOVERNOR Richard Barrett Lowe, addressing East Samoa Senate and House of Representatives, spoke of some agricultural and governmental reforms which might aid development.

Mr. Lowe is impressed by the wealth which the Reparation Estates bring to Western Samoa and has noted that there are large undeveloped areas on Tutuila and other islands of Eastern Samoa which might be similarly developed, by his Government. He said encouragement would be given to the planting of cocoa and coffee by owners of suitable land. The Department of Agriculture would make full use of more trained Samoans, to work more closely with local village authorities.

To help E. Samoa to help itself, there will be a number of administrative changes. Mr. John Cool had been appointed a liaison officer between the Fono and the Governor’s Office. The President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House might be given ex-officio positions in the Samoan Affairs Office, to keep them fully au fait with the day-to-day operations of the Government, The Governor suggested that;, to familiarise Senators and Representatives more fully with their duties and responsibility, a training institute should be established after legislative elections next November.

Mr. and Mrs. K. McDonald, leaving the Roman Catholic church, Port Moresby, after their wedding on February 13. The bride was formerly Miss H. Yates.

Photo by Papuan Prints. 89 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Why Pawpaw Is Not

NZ-ERS’

NO. 1 DISH THE export of papaya (or pawpaw) from the Islands to New Zealand is a very limited trade.

Australia can, of course, grow her own. Not everyone likes the fruit, but it is popular with many Europeans in the Islands.

In the United States, Hawaiian pawpaws bring from 30 to 90 cents per pound weight—the growers realising a profit of about 4 to 6 cents per pound. The industry is being expanded by a company which has just established a 50-acre, 25,000tree orchard on Hawaii Island, from which it expects to harvest 150,000 lbs of pawpaws per month, when the quick-growing trees reach full bearing.

One reason why paw-paws are not seen much in New Zealand is that they do not travel as well as bananas, oranges or pineapples.

They do not taste the same after they have travelled, either.

Pawpaws grown in Queensland, shipped all the way to Melbourne, for example, and eaten there, are a sad disappointment to people who are used to picking them off the tree in the Islands and eating them at once.

Hawaii is fortunate in having 150 million Americans within tradingdistance because in those 150 millions there is a proportion who can afford pawpaw at 8/- a pound and who will pay correspondingly high prices for other exotic foods.

The number of people in Australasia who desire or who would pay for these luxury foods is small.

AlmoSu all of the fruits and nuts produced in Hawaii for the US market can be grown also in Australia —but the average Australian could not care less. Which probably proves nothing except that the food habits of the Australasians and the Americans are poles apart.

STAMPS

And All Philatelic Requirements

STAMPS British Empire and Foreign—Mint and Used —Current and Obsolete. Large variety always in stock, and new issues constantly arriving. All prices are competitive.

New Issue Service

Mint and used new issues of British Empire countries, including latest printing varieties of perforation and shade, also mint of certain Foreign countries, can be supplied against prepaid standing orders at concession rates. Send for full particulars and application form.

Want-List Service

Send list of your requirements, and we shall do our best to supply them. Naturally we cannot have every stamp in stock, but if you will give us a firm order we shall try to procure any others for you at the best possible prices.

Albums, Catalogues, Accessories

A representative selection is always in stock.

Catalogues consist of latest editions of Gibbons, Scott, Yvert & Tellier, Commonwealth Stamp Co., Australian Commonwealth Specialists’, Pirn’s New Zealand Specialists’.

Handbooks include Cummins’ “Australian Commonwealth Postage Stamps”, Phillips & Rang’s “How to Arrange and Write-up a Stamp Collection”.

Subscriptions accepted for Stamp Periodicals —Australian Stamp Monthly, Gibbons’ Stamp Monthly and others.

Accessories include the following—Albums, Album Leaves, Gibbons’ Colour Guide, Hinges, Perforation Gauges, Titles of Countries (gummed), Transparent Envelopes (various sizes), Transparent Interleaving Sheets, Tweezers, Watermark Trays.

Price list willingly sent on request.

BUYING We are always in the market to buy stamps, particularly used Pacific Islands, whether on or off paper. Offers are mvited.

Erskine Stamp Service

P.O. Box 9, Beecrofl, N.S.W., Austrolio.

Iron Industry For Fiji Maybe, Someday Experts Survey of Viti Levu Deposits ALONG report by the Senior Geologist of Fiji, concerning iron deposit* in Viti Levu, was released in mid-February.

The report contains many technical terms and involved official terminology but, in brief, states that; • There are four deposits of high grade iron in Viti Levu: at Tukeriki, and Nawau, in Nadronga province; four miles S-E of Nadi; and at the headwaters of the Wainivesi River and Wainivola Creek. Low grade ore is found near the Queen’s Road, north of Momi Village. • The iron ore in the high grade deposits is exceptionally pure. It is estimated that from 20,000 to 30,000 tons exist in the form of boulders on the surface of the ground and that it would be easy, by means of a magnetic survey to detect deposits below the surface. (The presence of iron distorts magnetic instruments and thus makes it possible to map an outline of areas containing lodes). • In view of lack of loading facilities for export of ore, and expenditure involved in working and locating further deposits, it is considered unlikely that the iron deposits could be economically worked as individual claims; the known deposits would have to be worked as a whole. • Although there is an increasing market for high-grade iron ore in USA and Europe—and the ore has been transported economically by sea as far as 4,500 miles —transportation costs, harbour installations and loading facilities are factors to be reckoned with and “small producers should secure a market before proceeding too far with mining activities.”

Editorial Note

Doubtless, the iron deposits of Fiji have to be examined and plotted someday, but whether they warrant very much being spent on them at the present time, is questionable. In 10 or 20 years, when something may be done to exploit them, another expert will be sent to look them over and the findings of all previous experts ignored. In the meantime, of course, it is nice to know that the deposits are there.

Large steel companies do not usually buy iron ore from another country; they own the mines and the ships which transport the ore and wharf facilities for handling it.

For years it has been suggested (Caledonia, which iies about aSiSh? 2® ,9“ Ea ftern coast of Australia, could supply iron ore for Australian smelters. Ships already ° n a regular run between from the latte^or“MrihLSS Eg deposits of Caledonian iron which anot now hpinp' wnrkpH . worked.

Austraha has not been interested, although the trade balance with New Caledonia is embarrassingly in her favour The distance between many C t&Sar£ d thTnThl’tV depcsila in North Australian waters.

Before the war the Japanese had a concession to mine ore in New Caledonia; in just two months in 1939 they shipped 24 000 tons to Japan. They have not been permuted to return to New Caledonia. teSted‘ff New » “ f «« probab| be i°n-‘ from^thaf 11 n f Ut a P art iiom tiißt, tine chance of an iron industry in Fiji, at present, seems remote. It is a business singularly unsuited to the “small man” and if anything can be done it would have to be at top Government level. d “ id * d P G oTL men^hiH?Sv n 3 r S fhe people Iho a?e exporting manganese! 91 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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One Man They Could

NOT HANG A Tale of Old Levuka By F. J. RYAN TO be marched past your coffin, to stand by your open grave while part of the burial service was read over you, and then to be hanged by the neck, is an experience few men have lived through, to tell the tale.

It was just one of the many things that could have happened only in Fiji. It happened in Levuka, In the days of good King Cakobau.

The prisoner, a rough sailor man, had committed murder and was luly sentenced to be hanged. But (records a resident of those days) ‘the job was done by amateurs and vas badly bungled.” It was true that he was hanged by the neck, out not hanged until he was dead.

Those early reports do not seem ;o have mentioned the name of the orisoner. Probably, he was the least mportant among those present on ;hat interesting occasion. Though mportant enough, no doubt, to the >oor wretch who, in that fresh mornng scene, was looking across the jalm water at the tall ship which lor him had indeed dropped its ,ast anchor.

The victim’s name is also not mentioned. But, strangely enough, it crops up in the reminiscences of a Treasury official, a Mr. J.

Chish(olm, who states the victim was a native of sorts by the name of Muvi, who had been stabbed to the heart in a quarrel on a vessel called the Marion Rennie, then lying in Levuka Harbour. The Treasury was apparently interested in the affair because the knife had passed through a wad of Fiji notes that the victim had in his breast pocket and which, says Mr. Chisholm, “were in a fearful state with coagulated blood, and were brought to the Treasury to be exchanged.”

“Some persons of a morbid state of mind wished to buy them,” remarked the Treasury official, “but they were burned.”

In the Government which had been formed by King Cakobau in 1872 the members of the Cabinet, with the exception of the King and the Viceroy, were Europeans or Americans. A commentator of those days described it as an honest effort on the part of the Executive “to rule” while Cakobau “reigned.” Inthis case the accused, having been found guilty by a jury of his countrymen, the King, on the advice of his ministers, signed the death warrant.

THE first hitch came when all had assembled at 7 a.m., on May 27, for the execution. The Sheriff who was to carry it out was, however, not among those present.

He sent word to say that his wife was dying and he could not leave her. There being no deputy sheriff the execution was postponed.

During the day, efforts were made to have the sentence commuted on the grounds that, as the King’s warrant fixed May 27 for the execution, it could not apply to any subsequent date. The Court impeached the Sheriff for neglect of duty, appointed a deputy sheriff, and ordered him to execute the King’s warrant at six o’clock the next morning.

The gruesome preliminaries were again enacted, and the hangman, his face masked, proceeded with his task. He then found that the rope, which had been hanging in the tropical rain all day and night, had swollen to such an extent that it 93 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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By this time the “amateur” hangman was no doubt only too anxious to get the unpleasant business over as quickly as possible and, trusting to the six foot drop to tighten it around the murderer’s neck, he slipped the rope over the man’s head and pulled the bolt. The prisoner dropped.

For ten minutes not a muscle moved. The man was apparently dead, and the crowd began to move away. Suddenly h 2 began to struggle. He got one hand loose and, seizing the rope above his head, began to pull himself up. Then, in a husky voice he called out: “Shoot me! I cannot die like this!”

The chief of police cut the rope and the man was led back to his cell by the Chaplain.

What had happened was that the rope had simply caught the tip of his chin and the back of his neck, and left the wind-pipe untouched.

While the drop had rendered him unconscious, it did not interfere with his breathing through the nostrils. He said his first sensation when he recovered was that he was drowning.

An hour after he had been cut down the condemned man was eating a hearty breakfast of beefsteak, which had been prepared for the hangman. The Premier, in the meantime, had decided to take the case to the King, and the sentence was commutTd.

But this was not the end of the difficulties which the bungled hanging involved. With Government’s permission, the chief of police had drawn up a will under which the prisoner had left £25 to the Chaplain for his kindness to him, and £25 to the Wesleyan Missionary Society.

Sitting “in banco” the Chief Justice, Sir Charles St. Julian, decided that the man was legally dead, and ordered the will to be executed.

This was done, but the money bequeathed to the Chaplain and the Missionary Society was returned to the prisoner.

He subsequently left Fiji for San Francisco, and the Rev. N. Nettleton, who wrote an early account of the episode, stated that when last heard of by the Chaplain he was doing well in a small business he was conducting under another name. 94 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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PAPUA. Branch: Port Moresby, Samarai. NEW GUINEA. —Branches; Bulolo, Lae, Madang, Rabaul. Agencies: Kokopo, Wau. (Incorporated in New South Wales with limited liability.) Exit Sun-Watchers, Enter Clock-Watchers AS a footnote to “Through the Rewa Delta” (January PIM) : It should be remembered that the usual route for launches and yachts includes the passage through the Rewa Canal. Constructed long before the arrival of Europeans in Fiji, the canal is about two miles long and 60 feet wide. It was cut with wonderful engineering skill to accommodate the largest of the Dld-time Fijian canoes. The objective was to shorten, by 20 miles, the journey between the headquarters af the two great chiefdoms, Rewa md Bau.

Many years ago a writer pointed )ut that for this immense task the mplements were nothing more than ‘staves to dig the ground, hands to shovel it up, and baskets to carry it away.”

The Rewa Canal is a useful Fijian llustration to support the wellstated case argued by Patricia Jatheson (January PIM) in defence )f the Tongans. The legend of ;raditional indolence among the South Pacific islanders is part of ;he claptrap kept alive mainly by luperficial tourist-writers in the South Seas.

The truth is that the islanders lave always had to work fairly ia,i:d —and in places like Fiji very lard —to produce sufficient food. r urther, in all the low islands life las always been a struggle for bare ‘xistence. Again, the amount of /ork put into the building of houses md large and small canoes, with inly the most primitive implements md no metals (in pre-European lays) should have disposed of the egend at the start.

One reason for the illusion of dleness among island peoples was hat, like many other tropical races, hey wisely adapted their working lours to the climate. The hardest /ork was done in the cooler hours if the day, and many strenuous asks would be reserved for the ooler months of the year. Labour /as thus ruled by the sun and not, .s in Europe and America, by the lock.—J.K.S.

In order to study methods of imiroving work and organisation of ’iji Government Departments, repesentatives of the London firm of iusiness consultants, Urwick Orr nd Partners, have arrived in the Jolony.

Mr. W. J. Drysdale is the new Commissioner of Inland Revenue n Fiji. He has been acting in the lost since Mr. R. B. Ackland reired last year. Mr. Drysdale went o Fiji from Australia in 1948 as assistant Commissioner of Inland levenue.

Remember Sir Ernest Shackleton, famous Polar explorer? This advertisement appeared in The Times in 1901: “Men wanted for Hazardous Journey. Small wages, bitter cold, long months of complete darkness, constant danger, safe return doubtful. Honor and recognition in case of success.—Sir Ernest Shackleton.” Union bosses of to-day may be surprised to know that he could have filled his complement ten times over.

At the end of 1953 the amount held in the Fiijan Development Fund to the credit of Native Fijian copra producers was £321,154. The money comes from a deduction of £lO a ton from the price received for copra and can be be drawn by the contributors to finance development or welfare schemes approved by the Fiji Development Fund Board.

H To carry out a study of the Fiji national income for the Fiji Government, Miss Carleen O’Loughlin, of the Australian National University’s Department of Economics, recently arrived in Suva. 95 ACIFTC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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A tape recording which he made for use by the BBC, caused particular interest. Singers from four Rarotongan villages, ranging in ages from 9 to 70, performed under the supervision of Snr. Sgt. Nia Rua, with Syme providing the commentary. The effort was supported by the Further Education Department. Mr. Syme, now on his way to England and America to arrange further programme material for radio and television, plans to return about August. At a send-off party attended by the Resident Commissioner, Mr. Nevill, speeches of appreciation were made in acknowledgment of the assistance given by Mr. Syme and the interest stimulated amongst the population in various activities.

These four girls from American Samoa, Rufo Suiaunoa, Sinira Talatonu, Repeka Isara, and Ofeira Tuliau, are graduates of the High School of American Samoa, and are now bound for the United States to train as nurses at the Kaiser Foundation School of Nursing, Oakland, Cal. —Photo by Pan American Prints. 97 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954

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Too Colourful

Pictures Of Fiji

Unhappy Effect of Royal Visit From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Feb. 8.

SOME of the publicity given Fiji from the Royal visit does not present accurate picture. Some splash the “Idyllic South Sea Island” and there are people in Fiji who are a little dismayed at the oxotic, colourful picture of Fijian pageantry and carefree plenty that is being built up by films, newspapers and magazines.

Nowhere is it emphasised that the two glittering days and nights of the Royal visit were something lifted high above the humdrum facts of everyday life. No visitor at Suva or Lautoka during the Royal Visit appears to have been told that in the fairly near future Fiji will have to make some very difficult decisions. Overseas records of December 17-18, while giving a more or less faithful account of a gorgeous two days, create the illusion that here is a land with no worries, no problems and no apprehensions.

LONDON Daily Mirror gave a double-page spread of pictures under the headline, “South Sea Island Magic.” They were excellent, but few of the Daily Mirror's 4,000,000 subscribers are likely to know that there is virtually no relation between the exotic pictures and everyday life in Fiji.

Many reports published in London unintentionally implied that Fiji is still practically an all-Fijian country. In this respect there has been a good deal of journalistic mixing-up of Fiji and Tonga, “Queen and Duke Fly to the Blue Lagoon” stated a five-column London headline. The story was about the visit to Lautoka, “scene of the British film, ‘The Blue Lagoon.’ ”

The film, of course, was made mainly 98 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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in a London studio, but many of the outdoor scenes were filmed in the Yasawa Group, well across the western sea from Lautoka. On December 18, flower-bedecked Lautoka really did look picturesque, but that is not the same thing as a Blue Lagoon setting.

Injudicious glamorising in the overseas press is one thing; but quite another is the attitude taken in a considerable number of Colonial Office statements, reviews and reports.

Sometimes Fiji gets no mention at all in general surveys, and at other times it only creeps into notice with a fleeting reference. The New Year Review by the Secretary of State for the Colonies (Mr. Oliver Lyttelton)), for instance, noted in a few words that there had been a Royal visit to Fiji—but mentioned nothing else, largely because most of the statement was taken up by the uproar in Malaya, Kenya, Uganda and British Guiana, and by last year’s earthquake in Cyprus.

Here again it seems to be tacitly suggested that Fiji has nothing to worry about, and people may be forgiven for presuming that in the eyes of the Colonial Office anybody who is seriously concerned about certain overshadowing trends in Fiji today is simply a nuisance, if not a downright troublemaker.

This rather links up with the criticism of occasional officials who work in Fiji for comparatively short periods and seem to be constantly (but inaudibly) muttering: “For goodness sake let’s keep everything juiet until I get out.” In some cases such criticism is unfair; but Dccasionally, in the post-war period, it has seemed well-deserved.

Last year, a PIM contributor wrote a sharply-worded note about i Government official who made carefully soothing—not to say fatu- )us—replies to pertinent questions after he had given a lecture on Hji in London. This sort of thing s as exasperating as the fulsome naccuracies produced by transient visitors who make a superficial surrey along well-beaten paths.

In yet other cases there is a luspicion of deliberate window- Iressing by writers whose status is ufficiently high to warrant their )eing quoted as authorities but yhose information is apparently wrong and whose deductions are inreliable.

In view of the care and attenlon lavished on the noisier units of he Colonial Empire, it may be wondered whether officialdom is not ►utting a premium on the stupidity if fanatical nationalism.

Fiji may be comparatively small; • may be remote from London; and, iecause it is not in a political erm e n t based on hysterical lationalism of one kind or another, t seems that it will continue to be verlooked unless something goes ump in the night, somewhere.

If this is the attitude in high places, it is a mistake. A good many unpleasantnesses around about the Empire (including British Guiana) could have been headed off if the Colonial Office had properly faced trouble while it was still at the peaceful stage of political problems.

H Mile. Roberte Charon, daughter of Monsieur Robert Charon, Norwegian Consul in French Oceania, and of Madame Charon, was married in France, on December 22, to Monsieur Jacques Lafleur, Senator of New Caledonia. The parents of the bride, at pre se n t touring Europe, are expected to return to Papeete later this year.

A Bank of NSW Review of the Fiji sugar industry shows that sugar represented 57 per cent, of export earnings in 1952, with copra providing 26 per cent, and gold and silver 12 per cent. Figures for 1953 were not analysed.

J Mr. M. Gray, LLB, has returned to Australia from Tarawa with his wife after resigning from Government service in the G & EIC last November, and it is reported that he will join a law firm in Melbourne. Mr. D. R. Freeguard, whosucceeded Mr. Gray as Secretary to Government, G & EIC, has been appointed District Officer, Canton Island. Mr. I. Turbett now has been appointed Government Secretary. 99 * A C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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CONDUCTED BY EX ZK-1-AC/VR-2-AK. (Address notes to P.O. Box 5179, Wellesley Street, Auckland, N.Z.) ISLANDS HAMS: Let your Pacific neighbours know you’re active by checking in on your favourite band with a CQ at 0100/0700 1900 s. Us? of a known time will help you—and them.

FNTEREST this month centres on Samoa.

Arno'd. ZM6AC, is back in Christchurch, VZ. having completed his term at Apia ivith the meteorological office. He has jeen heard active on 11 Mc/s phone from ZL3FV.

Pat, ZM6AC, is expected back in New Zealand in February and will go to a iroadcast station at Christchurch also.

Replacing him as chief technician at iroadcast station 2AP, Apia, is Mr. Norm Saggers, late of 3YA Christchurch recording studios. Though not a ZL Ham, he plans to become a ZM6. With his wife md son lie left Auckland per February lofua. Also no tv active from Apia on 14 Hc/s phone is Ron Berry, ZM6AR, fornerly ZK-I-BA, and son of ZL2BY; and Sill Tarlton, ZMfiAP, late ZL2AAB, who ■ecently opened a rad’o business there.

Now on 7 Mc/s CW. but not yet very ictive, is Eddie Hickford at Niue with the ;all ZK2AC. He recently took over from Sill Scarborough, former ZK2AA, who is low heard with the call ZL-I-BA.

There’s big news regarding Easter Island. Stan, VR2AS, has word from DE3AG (who as CE-O-AA last August :aused great excitement on the DX lands), that two Hams are to be staioned on the Island this vear. One, a loctor, will use the call CE-O-AC, and mticipates being there for a year; and ,he other, a meteorological observer, will iperate under CE-O-AD. They will probibly be active by the time this appears, Jne report said that they would be at Easter by January 20, with AC on phone inly, and AD on phone and CW —presumably 14 Mc/s.

Stan also reports that Barry, VR2BZ, vould be off the air for some time from February while away crewing another Solent on delivery flight from England to Fiji. Some of the VR2 boys, including ;hese two, suffered antenna damage in he January near-hurricane.

Keith, VR2CS, of Suva broadcast station EJV, long silent, has appeared of late v ! th a good 14 Mc/s phone sig from a fR-II r> The VHF men, VR2CB and VR2CG, nade history on December 30 by contactng VK2WH and other VK2 stations on >0 Mc/s in the first-ever VR2-VK2 59 ffc T s OSO. VR2CB actually making the irst contact.

Way up in the Carolines, KC6AA reports .hat a crop of new native Hams are on he air from Truk, Panape, Koror, Palau md other islands, having recently qualiied for the beginner-bands. Hatch is limself active on 7 Mc/s phone. He was ormerly KHfiANZ.

KHKIJ in his Honolulu Star-Bulletin Sam column, reports that W6UXX, comnercial fishing vessel radio operator, iperated for 10 hours in December from Cocos Island over near Panama under the call TI-9-UXX, with portable gear ashore. He worked 7 Mc/s CW only—and these who worked him have a really rare country as Cocos, though belonging to Costa Rica, counts separately.

From Fanning, Phil, VR3C, and the new arrival across the bay, VR3D, have both been heard active during February.

In the Solomons, Frank-VR4AE, keeps Honiara on the map with his 14 Mc/s phone.

Voice of America stations have instituted an ionispheric prediction service of interest to Hams. Entitled “Listen to the World,” the short programme takes the air on many VGA frequencies at 1825 GMT Sundays (Monday morning in V, .

Pacific).

Norm Ashwell, planning to come on the air from Rarotonga, had not appeared with a ZK-I call up to late February, so far as could be determined.

As ZL3JA still shies clear of a yes-no answer to inquiries regarding his alleged ZM7 expedition, we may assume that it is not likely to take place in the forseeable future.

If Mr. C. W. Barraclough, recently appointed Senior Education Officer, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, left London by sea for the Colony early February. il Mr. Norman Pearson, recently of the Windward Islands. BWI, has been appointed Commissioner of Labour in Fiji, in succession to Mr.

C. S. Reay. He is expected in Fiji in March. Mr. Reay will then go on furlough. 101 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Japan Buys Scrap From

MILLION-DOLLAR PI.

SALVAGE of scrap from the vast American under-sea dump at Million Dollar Point, Santo, New Hebrides, is being continued steadily by Monsieur Gubay who now owns the rights.

Salvage from seaw T ard was originally undertaken by New Hebrides Trading & Shipping Co., with Captain A. Duff controlling operations from Vila Star. However, during last year all rights were handed over to M. Gubay, who has been working with grabs from the landward side. He purchased El Retiro (ex Kapiti) from Captain Savqie, of Noumea, for use as a salvage vessel.

To serve this purpose the old ship had to be moored alongside the reef —and she was caught in this situation last June, unable to get offshore in time, when a squall set her onto the reef, where she now sits, hard and fast, another contribution to the pile of scrap that will eventually be shipped to Japan.

Million Dollar Point, of course, is the small point jutting into the Segond Channel where the Americans—to keep faith with manufacturers who feared a post-war market glutted with wartime good s— dumped millions of dollars worth of machinery and gear at the end of the Pacific war.

Not far away from the point lies the President Coolidge, ex liner, extroop carrier which, given wrong docking instructions in 1942, ran into a defensive mine, then backed into another. She was beached and subsequently sank. Tenders for her removal as scrap were called by the US Government about a year ago, but, as far as we know, Coolidge still lies beneath 200 feet of water in Segond Channel.

If Captain E. L. James, Assistant Harbour Master, Suva, is at present on 6 months’ furlough in Australia. 102 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Noumea-Vila Radio

SCHEDS:. Noumea maintains radio watch for smallships on voice on 6280 kc/s for two half-hour pediods daily, commencing 0500 and 2100 GMT, replies being made on €3OO kc/s. Vila now maintains continuous watch on 6900 kc/s from 2100-0000 GMT and from 0330-0660 GMT, local shipping replying on the same frequency. This channel is used also for general New Hebrides inter-island communications.

INCLUDE THE NUMBER:—With so many Japanese fishing vessels now operating in the South Pacific, attention is drawn to the fact that the name frequently includes a number. For example, the vessel Azuma Maru, which landed a sick seaman at Rabaul in February, could be any of the eight similar craft with same name (but followed by a number), shown in Lloyds Register. In reporting violations of territorial waters this number would, of course, be vital —as vessels of the same name belong to various owners. At least two of the Japanese vessels operating out of Pago Pago Takuyo Maru and Shinko Maru —belong to a similar series. It appears from an examination of names, that Japanese fishing fleets are frequently made up of vessels of identical type, in the vicinity of 150 GT, belonging to various owners and chartered to a single operator, or fishing on a tonnage basis for the owner of a freezer-ship. The arrangement of numerous nominal owners may be a means of complying with laws restricting large combines in Japan.

Another For Tasman

STEAMSHIP: —Tasman Steamship Stevedoring and Agency Co., owners of Viti and Vasu, have added another to their fleet — Madonna, a former corvette, now en route from England to enter the trans-Tasman frozen-cargo trade. She was built by Harland and Wolff Ltd., Belfast, in 1940, but nothing is known of her war history. She lately has been running bulk supplies of herrings in oil from Yarmouth to the Mediterranean. She was under the Danish flag for a time.

Dimensions are 193 ft x 33 ft x 16 ft and tonnage 755, 293 nett. She is equipped with refrigeration machinery and is powered by two reciprocating engines.

ADMIRALTY NOTICES; —Buoys in Peu Bay, Vanikoro, have been removed and the positions of those remaining are unreliable. At Nairai Island, Fiji, leading lights have been established bearing 042 degrees. Lower light has an elevation of 85’, unper 120’.

DRIFT ENDS; —Fiji readers will be interested to know that the 18ton, 48’ Glasgow yawl Petula, in which former Nadi meteorological observer Claude Dickson was met. observer, has completed its drift across the Atlantic from Dakar to Barbados in 82 days. Distance drifted was 2,500 miles.

Main purpose of the drift, which had the support of scientific bodies, was apparently a biological study of the water to a depth of six feet.

Weather observations were also made from a raft platform which was attached to the yacht. Few details are so far available. The threeman party was headed by marine biologist F. Evans, aged 27, of Glasgow.

Spate Of Hurricanes:—The

November-April hurricane season which sometimes passes by with scarcely a mention of a blow, has been very much the reverse this season. To late February, at least six hurricanes have appeared on Pacific weather charts. First formed north of New Caledonia and moved down the central Tasman Sea eventually filling as it crossed the South Island of New Zealand. Next came the January near-miss in Fiji, that one running away south-east between Auckland and the Kermadecs. Number three formed near Palmerston Island in the Cooks, but dissipated without approaching land.

Next developed north-east of Willis Island in the Coral Sea, heading south-east past Lord Howe and filled south of New Zealand. Next, 103 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Coventry VICTOR The Low Weight DIESEL Only 858 lbs. ideal for Marine Propulsion and Auxiliary Use.

Made By Coventry-Victor

The lowest-weight Diesel with the best power-weight ratio for craft up to 26 ft. as main propulsion engine.

Victor Cold Starting, totally enclosed Diesel fitted with “0.K.” epicyclic type FORWARD AND REVERSE GEAR BOX with 2 to 1 reduction at rear of box and including: 5/7 h.p. 7/9 h.p 9/11 h.p Variable speed governor with control on engine.

WEIGHT— onIy 358 lbs.

Victor gear type water pump fitted and piped up to water circulating system.

WEIGHT— onIy 378 lbs.

Water cooled muffler.

Provision exists for fitting self-starter and generator.

Order now for immediate delivery, or write for full details.

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12V Starter. S. Dynamo

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BOLTS SSL 10 44 v 4 approx, overall length

Direction Of Rotation

Viewed In Direction Of Arrow *A'

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INItWIVIAIN iKALiUK aianuaruise on v/ovemry HAWLEYS Diesel Engines (Marine and Stationary), Lighting Plants, Pumps, Industrial Woodworking and Metal Working Machinery!

Sole Distributors For The Territory Of New Guinea—

COLYER-WATSON (New Guinea) Ltd. Rabaui, Madang, Kavieng, Lae. 104 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

BJARNE HALVORSEN LIMITED Specialists in Island vessels.

All kinds of boat-building and repairing.

New and used boats and engines for sale.

Quotations and estimates free Australian Distributors for Gray Marine Engines and Spare Parts JOHN STREET, BERRY’S BAY, NORTH SYDNEY, N.S.W.

STEAMSHIPS TRADING COMPANY LTD.

Port Moresby And Samara! Papua

Vholesale & Retail Merchants, Shipowners, Shipping, Customs MANAGING AGENTS for: lAWMILLERS & TRADERS LTD.

OCOALANDS LTD.

ICME BAKERY COMPANY. lARIBOI RUBBER LTD. rtJBBERLANDS LTD. lEREMA RUBBER PLANTATIONS LTD.

ORAL SEA INSURANCE CO. LTD.

DISTRIBUTORS RMSTRONG-HOLLAND PTY.. LTD.

Earth Moving and Logging Equipment.

HLLYS-OVERLAND EXPORT CORPORATION.

Jeep cars, etc. [ILLMAN MOTOR CARS.

Planters, Sawmillers, Engineers, Slip Proprietors/ and Insurance Agents.

AGENCIES:

New Guinea Australia Line Of The China

NAVIGATION CO. LTD.

ROYAL INTEROCEAN LINE.

KOKE BAGU PTY., LTD.

LOLORUA RUBBER ESTATES LTD.

HARVEY TRINDER (N.S.W.) PTY., LTD. (Insurances effected at Lloyd’s.) IN PAPUA for: INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. OP AUST. LTD.

International Trucks, McCormick-Deering Farming Machinery, Defender Refrigerators.

SYDNEY AGENTS: NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., 12 SPRING STREET. again born near Willis Islet, swept into Queensland causing heavy flooding and damage. Last and nost spectacular formed on February 13 west of Rotuma, ran away westward, crossed the Banks Group— and would seemingly have done iamage there—swung south-west just north of the New Hebrides, iurned south when 100 miles east )f Maryborough, finally veering o the Australian coast-line just lorth of Brisbane. Great flood and vind damage was done in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales. This cyclone, which •aked the whole coast of eastern Australia, was last heard of off iouthern Tasmania and heading for he Antarctic.

A feature worth noting was that neteorological office predictions as o direction of movement of this yclone from day to day, while it /as in the Islands area and later, /ere frequently not realised —by as auch as 45 degrees. An expected urve to the south and south-east id not occur. New Hebrides and lew Caledonia, though they must lave had heavy weather, were exraordinarily fortunate Tn that the ourse of the hurricane was a little lorth of that predicted.

It crossed the Australian coast wice—north of Brisbane and north f Newcastle —and at one time was entred somewhere near Armidale, fSW. Predictions were that it 'ould head towards Bathurst —but istead, it went out to sea again.

CAPTAIN W. R. PERCY.-After 15 years’ service with Burns Philp & Co., Captain W. R. Percy recently resigned from the position of Master of Yanawai in the Fiji inter-island trade, to become Marine Superintendem in Suva for the Union steam Ship Co. Captain Percy went to Fiji in 1921 as a pilot for the Colonial Sugar Refining Co He was i n command of BP’s Malaks and Matafele before joining Yanawai some years ago.

Welcome To Pearson:—A

b aby was born aboard Tofua shortly before she arrived at Aucki and recently. The arrival was somewhat unexpected. Later, the mother announced the name of the SO P heir Pearson—after Captam Pearson, master of the vessel. .HMNZS HAWEA IN G & E: ~ Hirst ?how the flag m the Gilbert and Ellice Elands for several years was New Zealand frigade HMNZS Hawea, which was to spend, about a month fore continuing on to Korean waters.

Inquiry Called For:—A Fiji

]Vl3rinG Bo3rd m3dG 3 prGlimin3ry inquiry recently into a collision at 1 am, December 15, in open water, 8 miles south of Suva between the 59-ton Government auxiliary ketch Adi Maopa and the 17-ton auxiliary cutter Chum, belonging to Mr. A.

Lepper, of Savu Savu. The Board found that Chum was running without a mast-head light and that Adi Maopa, instead of holding course and speed, altered course to starboard, thus contributing to th? mishap. The Board noted that Chum was carrying 26 passengers in excess of her license for 29 and decided for a formal inquiry mTTT ,

The Stewards Said No:—All

rea dy to commence a new service 105 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Captain W. L. Kennedy

(Established 1931).

Shipbrokers, Business & Real Estate

63 Pitt* Street, Sydney. ’Phone: 8W6461. Cables: “CAPKEN,” Sydney.

LISTING: MODERN TWIN SCREW DIESEL CARGO VESSEL.—About 500 tons dwt., 4-5 ton winches, speed 12-knots. Delivery near East. £24,000 Sterling. 75 FT. DIESEL CARGO VESSEL. —Sheathed. 160 h.p. Blackstone diesel, in survey and well maintained £lO,OOO. 50 FT. AUX. KETCH.—Built 1940, sheathed, 40 h.p. diesel, new recently, good sails, suit ocean cruising or plantation workboat. £4,500. 33 FT. MOTOR SAlLER.—Launched new recently, twin cyl. Lister 2/1 reduction, sheathed. £3,500. 33 FT. WORKBOAT.—3O h.p. Lister diesel, installed new recently. £2,100. 22 FT. WORKBOAT, —Solidly built, twin Fetters diesel, ready for launching shortly. £950.

WE ARE ALSO AGENTS FOR MOST MAKES OF MARINE DIESELS.

Inquiries Invited.

Through our Business and Real Estate Branch, we can offer a wide variety of Sydney properties. All Island inquiries promptly and satisfactorily attended to. * The ideal Island boat designed and built for gg ed use: ru \ Check these important featuresi LARS HALVORSENS SONS PTY. LTD.

BUILDING YARD: Waterview St.. Ryde. N.S.W. Phone: WY 3248 BOAT SHED: Bobbin Head, JJ 2489 (Telegrams: '‘Halvorsens Sydney”) • Built of finest materials. • AH fastenings are non-ferrous. • Copper sheathed bottom. • Large hatches • Hatch covers to prbtect cargos • Complete with sails. • Optionee power plants available.

Builders Of Halvorsen Boats

Write today for further details! specifications and price. from the Pacific Coast to Honolulu, in competition with Matson’s Lurline, the Hawaiian Pacific Line passenger vessel Aleutian was held up by a dispute between rival stewards’ unions early December, and by late January it appeared as though the 300-passenger vessel might .never enter the service.

Fifteen-day round-trip schedules had been published and bookings accepted up to the end of August.

The hold-up has caused enormous financial loss to the owners in Hawaii and San Francisco.

WRC FLEET ADDITIONS: W. R. Carpenter & Co., through their subsidiaries, have purchased two oil-fired steam vessels from Singapore for use in the Fiji and New Guinea inter-island trade respectively. Both are steel vessels of 394 GT, 112 nett, measuring 144 ft x 27 ft x 8 ft with triple-expansion single-screw drive and a fuel consumption of 6 tons per day at 9 knots. They were built at Beverley, England, in 1945, and were recently owned by the Hong Kong Steamship Co. (1932) Ltd. The company owned three of the same type —Hong Ann, Hong Soon and Hong Tat. Hong Ann (ex Empire Maybury) and one other sailed together to Rabaul, Hong Ann then proceeding on to Suva where she has been now renamed Ai Sokula —the name formerly owned by Oliver Mac —with the approval of the Fijian Chiefs. She entered the Fijian service early February. Carrying rather more cargo than Oliver Mac, and with, superior accommodation for deck passengers including a large com- 106 MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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(Wholesale only) mon room, it is expected that she will prove a useful vessel. Captain Macdonald, formerly of Kurimarau, was expected to take command.

Details are lacking as to which vessel went to Rabaul. Her Malayan and Chinese crew, due for repatriation, caused a stir at Madang by at first refusing accommodation offered them aboard a vessel sailing from there. They finally accepted.

The former Ai Sokula has been named for Carpenter’s marine superintendent, Oliver Macßoberts.

Underwater Photography

—At present at Fiji taking underwater colour-photographs for the American National Geographic Society is Louis Marden, complete with two aqualungs and a 2,400 Ib-per-square-inch portable compressor. He has lately been working, with the aid of hired boats, at Vatulele and Korolevu. (Over) Hong Ann, renamed Ai Sokula, arrived in Suva from Singapore. Captain Andrew (centre) and Chief Engineer Overell (left), were greeted by Captain A. M. Harvey, Pacific Shipowners’ Suva Marine Superintendent.

Hokitika, which with Holmburn, was acquired by Captain Emile Savoie of Noumea in February.

J. Rockefeller’s 40ft schooner Mandalay of Greenwich, Conn., at present in French Oceania waters.

Kona, 39ft Honolulu ketch, belonging to Paul Blackford and Robert Houtz, at Papeete. 107 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Kopsen Marine Equipment

Penta Marine Engines

Renta Outboard

MOTORS

Penta Outboard Motors

made for use in tropical waters.

Propeller and all underwater gear are made of bronze. Made in 2 h.p. heavy duty, 4 h.p. and 12 h.p. Penta are the finest outboards made in the world.

Swedish Quality Penta

ENGINE illustrated is the 4 cylinder engine with electric starter and generator, instrument panel and reverse gear.

Export price,' £3OO.

S ~ , i KOPSEN MOTOR LAUNCHES. 14 ft., 18 ft. and 22 ft. Half cabin or open. Sea-worthy, ideal for fishing or cruising. Delivery 6 weeks. Also ply wood or planked dinghies. Ask for leaflet.

PENTA MARINE DIESELS for fishing and trade vessels. Illustrated is the 86 h.p. model VDC6, supplied complete with 2/1 reduction gear, fresh water cooling, electric starting. Export price, £1,409.

Foldaway One Unit

Table And Seats. No

legs, seat four 20 stone men. Ideal for home or camping. Price, £l3/8/7.

Simplex Marine

ENGINES. Australia’s finest engines for small craft. 3 h.p.. 5 h.p., 12 h.p. and 20 h.p., 4 cycle heavy duty with reverse gear. Most suitable for tropical conditions.

Kayen Storm

LANTERNS The most efficient Kerosene Lanterns made. Now fitted with Vaporisers equipped with stainless steel guides and needles ensuring long burning life without carbon. Provide a full 300 candlepower in wind or rain. Supplied with reflector.

Autofridge Ice

BOX Family size 17in. x 12in. x 15in. Holds 3 bottles, block of ice and plenty of food.

Light. Portable. Efficient.

Attractive finish. £7/18 6.

Shipchandlery, Fishing Tackle, Engine Equipment, Hardware and Sporting Goods.

Catalogue available.

W. KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD. - 380 Kent Street, Sydney Tel.: BX 6331 (11 lines). Cables: “Kopsen, Sydney.” 108 MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLI

t GardNer,

Ferrier & Dickinson

LIMITED SALES SERVICE AND

Spare Parts

170 PARRAMATTA ROAD, CAMPERDOWN, SYDNEY.

CABLES: PHONES: “Ferreous, Sydney.” LA 3701-2.

Marine And Stationary

ENGINES 24 to 150 BMP LW Cr L 3 Series v Many Sizes in Stock Others Early Delivery WPHC MOVEMENTS.—The 60footer Myrtle, with Captain H Wilder in command, and a crew of 11, arrived at Samarai from the Solomons late January for dry-docking at Sorrow’s slipway, Sariba.

Captain Farrell recently handed over the command of Nareau in the Gilberts to Captain Lindstropi and has left for New Zealand on furlough, Kiakia made a voyage to Fanning and Christmas Islands from Tarawa in January.

Captain S. B. Brown, on leave in Mew Zealand, unable to keep away from little ships, sailed in the yacht Hhost on the Trans-Tasman (Auckiand-Hobart) race in February. ?n W rpL?i f nn he yaCht ’ Stan Brown ' ‘ S 10 leiauon.

NEW DARU WHARF:—Coincidng with the collapse of a section )f the 30-yard approach to the old Daru wharf, it was reported in Feb- •uary that work will go ahead imnediately on a new wharf at this vestern Gulf of Papua port FOR SALE IN SOLOMONS.- Additional to Captain Richmond’s kTzewa, reported last month, we 0a^ n F a ir y mea d Sugar A), s 80-ft vessel Rowena, built in Newcastle in 1947, and two standardype trawlers are also for sale in he Solomons. Prices were said to )e £20,000 on Rowena and £lO,OOO sach on the others.

TIGHTENING UP?: From loniara it has been reported unofficially that there is likely soon to be a tightening up of regulations governing the issue of trading licences to Chinese-owned craft in the group.

Ontario Looks In;—Hmcs

Ontario, cruiser, bound to the Hobart centenary celebrations, made a call at Suva late January. ™ MARTPncA mw addpad. tvTo ™ f MAY v APP E , r !r posa, .old to Home Lines Inc. last J? a n r ,. r a "J ™ a l a v? oai aS £ L C i UI fI ’VnHuoo umWe-ninp l ™niprt[nn Svlp is expected to entTthe Piraeus- New Yo rk passe nger run, but her first voyage may be a world cruise, CT tdatadtmt7 rvo MVT uo. a

Submarine Or Myth. . A

determined search was to be made hy a diver during February to clear up a persistent story that an American submarine lies on the SSSSg. harbSur JSSSSL? beUeve it a myth, and local spear-fishermen have failed to produce any concrete evidence, the legend is well established, complete with details.

The sub is said to have been an American training craft, moored in a certain spot with five anchors, an d scuttled when the Yanks pulled out. Seems strange that the story could not be immediately confirmed or denied by the US Navy who should know how their training craft were disposed of SOUTHERN CROSS VIII? : Southern Cross No. 8 seemed closer, judging by an announcement made by the Bishop-eleect of Melanesia, the Rev. A. T. Hill, early February.

Of New Zealand s share of £35,000 towards financing a new Anglican mission ship for the Western Pacific, Mr. Hill said that £20,000 had already been accumulated, including about £l,OOO from native church adnerents in the New Hebrides.

Total cost of the ship, as we reported in December, 1952, was expected to be about £lOO,OOO. Whether a new ship will be built> or whether another sultable vessel wlll be pm " 109 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954

Stay at TUSCULUM in Sydney Ideally situated in its own delightful gardens, Tusculum is only five minutes from the business and social centres of the City. It is renowned among ISLAND VISITORS for Its comfort, restful atmosphere, and personal service.

Double and single serviced flats and flatettes latest American cooking facilities in each.

TUSCULUM PRIVATE HOTEL, 3 Manning Street, Pott’s Point.

Write or cable for reservations.

Managing Agents: T. Elliott and Co., 8 Bayswater Rd., Kings Cross.

Morgan Yernex Cie

PAPEETE, E.F.O.

Commission Import Export REPRESENTANT ET AGENTS EXCLUSIFS POUR LES E.F.O. de NIREX PTY. LTD., Australia —WARREN COY., U S A —HAAS BROS, US A THE ENFIELD CYCLES CO., England —JOHN McINTOSH fir SONS, England— CARLSBERG BRYGGERIERNE, Denmark —PER LUSTUCRU, France —lTßACO, Suisse Beurre "Waratah Petrole "Ampol"

Savon "Waratah' "Quicfrez"

Motocyclettes "Royal Confiserie Mclntosh, i.i.

Refrigerateurs chocolat "Caley' Conserve "Trupak"

Biere Carlsberg Pates aux oeufs frois Margarine "Meadow-Lea Enfield Bombes Insecticides •• Old Bell's Scotch Whisky "Eston MONTRES: “Itra,” “Sicura” “Samba,” chased and converted —as was done by the London Missionary Society In the case of their present John Williams Vl —has not yet been announced.

From Grays To Trochus:—

New Hebrides Trading & Shipping Co., owner of the tramp-freighter Vila Star, has acquired the refrigeration Fairmile C-Gull for trochus fishing in the New Hebrides.

It will be recalled that C-Gull left Sydney last year with the shareholders and their families aboard, bound on a cray-fishing venture in the Gulf of Papua. The vessel did not get north of Townsville, where she was offered for sale some months ago.

Pearlin For Fishin’:—The

Tongan Government took delivery in February of a well-known Auckland Seine-fishing vessel named Pearlin, for use as a fishery research and experimental craft.

Skippered by Captain Carl Johnson, Harbour Master at Nukualofa, and with Henry Ah Sam, Government junior mechanical engineer, as engineer, and two Tongan crew members, the 48 ft single-screw craft, powered by a Gardiner 80 hp diesel, cleared Auckland February 17. At Tonga she will be under the command of Mr. McKenzie, fisheries expert from Indonesia, who has been there since 1952, instructing Tongans In various fishing methods.

A'ONIU FOR SURVEY:—Captain James McCormick was to bring the Tongan Copra Board’s 80-ton ketch A'oniu to Auckland for annual refit late February or early March.

DISTRESS CHANNEL:—Although 2182 kc/s has been accepted, in principle, by most countries as an official voice distress channel equivalent to the 500 kc/s morse channel —slow progress is being made in acual implementation of the w o r 1 d-wide distress-watch system on the frequency.

Three Hawaiian Coastguard stations and three New Zealand stations are maintaining an efficient watch. Sydney is listed as main- 110 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLIf

The Wall-Macnaught

44 GALL.

DRUM PUMP Fills Everything </ v ft It is ideal for filling tractors, cars, vehicles, boats, stoves, pressure heaters, lamps, refrigerators, blow torches, 4 gall, drums, etc., and can be used with any non-corrosive liquid. Capacity 4 galls, per minute. Also available for use with 4 gall, drums.

Distributors: ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD. 54a Pitt Street, Sydney. ining a continuous speaker watch it it is reported to be inefficient id several stations in the Islands sted as maintaining part-time leaker watch on the frequency, :e not actually maintaining the iblished watch period.

Staffing is the main difficulty. In opical areas the tendency is also » cut back the volume due to ashes of static, and the general unlikelihood of hearing any vessel ™ “ e quency in any case. A recent Notice to Mariners” announces. however, that twice each J}°li r V- COmmencing on the hour and half-hour of GMT, a three-minute silence period has been established.

Vessels equipped with 2182 kc/s should therefore note that these are the times that distress calls are most likely to be heard. For vessels equipped only with the more common Island frequency of 6280 kc/s, there is still no official distress watch at all, and chances of being heard outside the various Island coaststation watch periods are probably even less than on 2182 kc/s. Throughout the night, heavy interference from overseas stations now exists on this frequency—with Teheran and a Yugoslavia broadcast station sharing time on the channel,

Gaualofa Total Loss'

Further to our January report on this small W. Samoa coaster, the vessel was being raised when bad weather demanded that an attempt be made to shift the waterlogged craft to a more sheltered spot. The launch None, after six hours of towing, was forced to cut the derelict adrift, whereupon she sank in deep water. A marine court in Apia in January found the master, Mr. W.

Hickg, free of all blame in the original stranding that occurred through unusual circumstances of weather and sets. (Over) Upper: Windjammer, Peggy Poor’s 57 ft ew Orleans schooner, Island-bound.

Lower; Captain Jean Gau’s Colin Archer [?]tch Atom. The 30-footer will soon ar- [?]e in French Oceania bound round the [?]rld from New York. 111 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

BURNS PHILP (SOUTH SEA) CO. LTD.

Registered Office; SUVA, Fiji.

Code Address: “BURNSOUTH.”

General Merchants And Shipowners

BRANCHES: r• • • Fiji Suva.

Levuka.

Lautoka, Labasa.

Ba.

Sigatoka.

Tavua.

Rotuma Island.

Norfolk Island.

Samoa Apia.

Pago Pago.

Niue Island.

Tonga:- Nukualofa.

Haapai.

Vavau.

Agents for:— • Queensland Insurance Co. Ltd. • Burns Philp Trust Co. Ltd • Shell Company (P. 1.) Ltd.

ALSO AGENTS AND REPRESENTATIVES FOR: • Ardath Tobacco Co. • Associated British Oil Engines (Exp.) Ltd. • Dunlop Rubber Co. Ltd. • Ferguson Tractors (Exp.) Ltd. • Hercules Cycle Gr Motor Co. Ltd. o A. J. Caley Gr Sons (Confectionery) . • Charles Hope Ltd.-Cold Flame Refrigerators. • Huntley Gr Palmers Ltd. (Biscuits) . • International Harvester Co. • Jantzen (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. ® Joseph Lucas (Exp.) Ltd. • McAlpine Refrigeration Ltd. • McLeay Duff Gr Co. (Whisky). 9 S. Maw Son Gr Sons (Surgical Dressings) , ® Mullard (Overseas) Ltd. (Radios). © O'Cedar Ltd. (Oils Gr Mops). ® Reckitt Gr Colman Ltd. • S.F. Appliances Ltd. • Slazengers (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. • Standard Motor Co. • Stewarts Gr Lloyds (Aust.) Pty.

Ltd.

Shipping, Customs and Forwardi Shipping Agents for THE NEW ZEALAND SHIPPING CO.

LTD. (Regular First Class, One Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEALAND PORTS to UNITED KINGDOM, via PANAMA).

SHAW SAVILL & ALBION CO. LTD. (Regular First Class, One Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEALAND PORTS to the UNITED KINGDOM, via PANAMA; and via AUSTRALIAN PORTS and SOUTH AFRICA).

PORT LINE LTD. (One Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEA-

Land Ports To United Kingdom, Via

PANAMA).

Compagnie Des Messageries

MARITIMES (Regular First Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from FRENCH OCEANIA to MAR- SEILLES, via PANAMA).

Bank Line Limited

British India Steam Navigation

CO. LTD.

Also INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION REPRESENTATIVES for QANTAS EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD.

TASMAN EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD.

British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines

Agents Throughout the World. 112 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY?

Health Vitamins

TABLETS CAPSULES Keep Fit and Energetic Always. Write for FREE Booklet. 0. BIERI & CO. Ply. ltd., * £ RJ2 20 H.P.

Marine Diesel Engine with red. gear. m Two well proven Island tested units.

Excellent service and spares facilities avail able.

Installation equipment available to owner’s requirements.

Enquiries THORNYCROFT (Aust.) Pty.

Cables “Thornmotor Sydney.

STUART Complete Diesel Generating Sets 500-1500 watts, 24-110 volts.

Ltd. Box 2622, G.P.0., Sydney Gaualofa was of 43 tons nett and was built in Apia. She was insured. The owners, O. F. Nelson & Co., have announced that another vessel similar to Gualofa is already being built in Apia by the same builder, Mr. A. Krause. She will be 60’ overall with a beam of 18’. She will have a rounded stern instead of the square stern of Gaualofa.

News of Cruising Yachts • We now have a Balboa correspondent who will keep us advised of yachts coming through Panama canal and bound for the Islands. In January he reported the following: WINDJAMMER, an unusual shallow draft centre-board schooner with dimensions 57 ft x 15 ft 6 x 4 ft 9in., owned and skippered by an attractive New Orleans blonde, Peggy Poor, with navigator Jim Cox and two West Indian seamen, was due to clear Balboa late January for Galapagos, Easter. Pitcairn, Tuamotus, Societies, Cooks, Tonga, Samoa, Fiji and New Zealand. Miss Poor says she is in no hurry. The voyage began from New Orleans, December, 1953, and the circumnavigation may take 5 or 10 years to mmplete. WINDJAMMER, built in 1924, ias a creditable racing record—three Srsts in the St. Petersburg to Havana Race, and once the amazing average of L 4 knots over a 500 mile race from Cape May to Halifax.

ATOM of New York, skippered by Capain Jean Gau, cleared Balboa December !3. with projected ports of call given as Galapagos, Mangareva, Marquesas, Make- , Tahiti, Samoa, Fiji, New Hebrides, then via Torres Strait and Cape Town Captain Gau and ATOM made an Atlantic crossing to Europe in 1047, returning to New York in 1049. Back in 1037, after crossing the Atlantic in the 40 ft schooner ONDA, lost her in a storm on the coast of Spain. ATOM measures 30 ft x 10 ft x 4 ft and the present cruise will probably take three years. (OVER) Skipper Hugh W[?]lliams (with hat) engineer Les Livingstone, and Rarotongan crew brought the Brixham trawler Inspire (left) to Auckland from the Cooks for refit. 113 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Blaxland - Chapman

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Application for Sub-Agencies invited. Cable Address: IVAN^SADNEY^ TERN 11. is next on the list. Lieutenant B. C. Pester, RNZN, and companion Peter Fox sailing this old-timer from England to Auckland, departed Balboa for Galapagos December 20. TERN 11. was one of a series of TERNS owned first by the late Claude Worth, noted yachting writer.

Lieutenant Pester, homeward bound after a course in England, plans to make the routine calls—Marquesas, Tahiti, Rarotonga, Auckland. • LEDA, 54 ft cutter from Tauranga, NZ, still lies for sale at San Francisco, but her skipper and part-owner, Mr. C.

G. Wilson, returned by air to Auckland early February. He reported that the yacht had been warmly welcomed in the States and has since done a little racing. • Remember “Stainless Steel” Murnan and his yacht SEVEN SEAS II.? Well, Bill and his wife, having just completed a 4-months dry-land cruise all over the States in their specially equipped auto, are preparing films and scripts for a lecture tour in the Midwest and East, including Canada, soon. Subject: Cruise of SEVEN SEAS 11. A book on the cruise will soon appear, too. Not completely converted to a dryland existence, they recently slipped aboard the brig YANKEE to swap Pacific reminiscences with Captain Irving Johnson and his wife before they sailed, November 1, on their present world cruise. The Murnans send regards to all their many Island friends. • Dr. I. J. Franklen-Evans of STORTEBECKER 111. wants some volunteers to crew his 33 ft yawl on her return cruise to New Zealand this year. He hopes to clear Victoria, 8.C., in mid-April for San Francisco, Fanning, Christmas, Penrhyn, Apia, Tonga and Fiji. Meanwhile he has made a quick trip by orthodox means to Europe. A letter care of Box 163, Coronado, California, would reach him. • Lee and Ann Gregg, of NOVIA, which cleared Tahiti in December, are cruising and fishing in the Hawaiian Islands. • CALYPSO, which cleared Papeete the same day as NOVIA, reached Hilo January I, two days after NOVIA. Calms and squalls had plagued CALYPSO. • MARINER, on the contrary, made a wonderful passage from the Galapagos to Pitcairn, the boat steering herself with the aid of twin staysails for 31 of the 36 days passage, with glorious weather all the way. Arriving in time for Christmas, 114 MARCH. 195 4- PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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in which ate merged Bank of Australasia The Union Bank of Australia Ltd. (Established 1835) (Established 1837) Agents throughout the world. aWZ.103.12 1 Jim Robinson and George Karl were warmly welcomed by the Pitcairners. Next advice from Papeete—via ports—probably. • The California sloop PRIMAVERA (Springtime) was the scene of an unusual wedding ceremony late December when owner Paul Hurst was married to Miss Powlison Morrison, of Honolulu, as the facht cruised off Diamond Head. The marriage was performed on deck by the Rev.

Samuel Keala standing near the flowersntwined tiller. PRIMAVERA, believed about 40 ft overall, will sail for Tahiti and other island ports via the Marquesas within the next month or so. The yacht sompeted last year in the Trans-Pacific race. • Friends of Captain Alexander fFatchlin, who came through the Islands h 1953-53 en route to New Zealand from Europe, will be pleased to know that the stranding reported some months ago on he New Zealand coast did no serious lamage to his 83 ft schooner FITHEACH JAN. Captain Watchlin, his niece, Miss jaura Webb, and Claudio Candido, one of he Italian seamen who came out with the r acht, have resumed cruising in coastal raters. There are reports that FITHEACH JAN may sail back to Europe in 1954-55. • ARTHUR ROGERS, Tom and Diana lepworth’s Brixham trawler, Is also oastwise cruising in northern New Zeaand waters at present, with a number of nests aboard. Two 15-day cruises out of Auckland are planned. Manase of Tonga s still with the ship. • PAMPERO has been sold to Chinese raders in the Solomons and Ronald bhnson, who sailed the yacht up from ydney to Honiara last November-Decemer, has returned to Australia for a third acht. When Johnson sailed from Sydney a PURPLE SEA last July he intended to ruise north through the Western Pacific ilands to the Philippines and beyond, n the Russell Islands he was offered a ood price for the yacht, so sold her, and romptly returned to Sydney to start gain. Whether yacht number three will ead for the Solomons remains to be sen —but we are assured that a further speriment with a female crew is unlikely. • BEYOND, T. C. Worth’s 43 ft alumlium motor-sailer, continuing her west ound circumnavigation, arrived in Cairns, ueensland, January 39, having called at risbane en route from Sydney. Skipper Perth and his wife are reported to have on nearly £3OO on a radio show in Sydey. Left Thursday Is. for Christmas 5o (Indian Ocean) and Aden February 18 a last lap on round-the-world voyage, »ck to England. • KERERU, little Auckland craft, still t Norfolk Island in mid-February, was tanning to head north for Noumea as >on as a good weather chart appeared. hurricane moving round the northern ew Hebrides and down to the southestward past New Caledonia was one »od excuse for remaining in port. One •ew member flew back to Auckland—and ork. • FLAMINGO, 31-foot Auckland sloop, hich entered the Sydney-Hobart Race in ecember, was heading north for the reat Barrier via Sydney. Two members Left the ship at Hobart, leaving owner W.

McCarthy and W. Pledger to push on alone on what they plan to be a world cruise. • BEATRIX of Holland, revolutionary humpbacked steel 36 ft ketch, was reported in and out of Nukualofa late January. She arrived Newcastle, NSW, March I—Skipper J. S. Leyden said they had “gone through hell" in a 4-day cyclone off the Australian coast. Leyden, his wife and two crew members said they might settle in Australia.

If Mr. Ray Williams, whose voice as chief announcer at ZJV, Suva, is well known within Fiji and overseas, has completed his term of duty in Fiji and returned to Sydney with his wife (nee Miss Wendy Read, of Suva.) Torres Strait Dancers For The Queen THURSDAY IS., Feb. 15.

FORTY dancers from Badu, Maubaiag, Yam, York, Coconut and Murray Islands started rehearsals to-day, beyond the public eye, of dances to be performed before the Queen at Cairns. One is a war dance never before seen in Australia by a white person, and the dress for this is cassowary plumes. The amulets, head gear, shields and spears will not be exhibited until the Royal Visit.

U Mr. A. E. Pearce, well-known Suva business-man, made a visit to Australia in March. 115 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Rabaul Decisions Examined CHE teaching of English in the native primary schools of Papua and New Guinea —a matter of )me concern to the future of the territory was discussed at the jcond meeting of the P-NG ducation Advisory Board, held in abaul at the end of February, hose present were Mr. W. C. Groves Director of Education), who is lairman; Messrs. G. T. Roscoe, . N. Boisen and D. Owner, of the ducation Department; Mr. S. lliott Smith, of District Services; ad Revs. B. Roberts, Father J. wyer and M. Heist, representing nglican, Catholic and Lutheran assions, respectively.

The official report says: “While advocating an earlier start on aching English in Primary Schools, »ard members stressed the importance native children becoming literate in e vernacular as well as in English, ley agreed that the teaching of English is essential for the general social and anomic advancement of the native ople, and should be the principal ;dium of instruction in the Primary hools. However, literacy in the vercular was also essential to ensure reation of their own culture and traditions, and as a medium for the teaching: of English.”

The Board resolved that the first o years of schooling be known as Primary—four years of Village School, and four years of Village Higher School.

In the first two years, the children would be taught in the vernacular; in the second two years they would begin to study English.

Instruction in English would continue through the Village Higher Schooh—that is, through the fifth to eighth years of the child’s education period.

The pupil then could go on to three years at a Central School, when it is assumed that he would be “reasonably fluent and literate in English.’’

The Board “lays stress on the necessity of teaching native students to read and write in the vernacular”; and it proposes that the period of compulsory education shall be eight years.

The Board in a three days’ session spent a considerable time on discussion of regulations covering registration of schools and teachers, school inspections, compulsory attendance, district education committees, and so forth.

EDITORIAL COMMENT.

A Lack of Realism The official report of this meeting emphasises, to a degree, the lack of realism in officialdom’s approach to the problem of educating the native children of New Guinea. 117 1 c I F I c ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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This plant carries full warranty and is attractively priced. For price and full details, apply BRAYBON BROS. PTY. LTD., Electrical Engineers 27-33 Washington St., Sydney. MA 6853 __ This could be the report of an Education Board sitting in a Western country, dealing with the system of educating the children of an old-established, civilised community.

There are at least 11 million native people in Papua-N. Guinea.

A small minority, who have been in contact with Europeans for a long time, might be handled as the Advisory Board suggests. But the vast majority are primitive savages, speaking a really extraordinary number of different languages.

If the PNG Education Department is going to deal with this mass of primitive jungle folk, then it must solve the problems of providing village school teachers, before it makes any other plans. The official report does not indicate that the Board in three days even mentioned village school teachers.

If the Department’s policy is to provide primary education only for the native communities in close contact with Europeans, then the Department is letting down the Administration, which now is committed irrevocably to the taming and teaching of the mass of New Guinea natives —and no uplift in native living standards is possible until some degree of literacy is introduced among them.

The Board says that the young children should be taught first in the vernacular. Which vernacular —there are scores of them? How can they be taught in a particular vernacular until something practical is done to supply personnel from that language group, trained to teach in the vernacular, and to bring the pupil along from vernacular to English?

It looks as if the chief purpose of this Board’s meeting in Rabaul was to try and streamline the Mission Schools, so that they may be integrated with a general Administration plan. If so, there is no word of the general plan.

It seems absurd, at this stage, to talk of forcing the children of these primitive jungle communities to go to school for eight years. The chief problems are to make them understand what a school is, and then to provide facilities and trained 118 MARCH. 1954-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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The public is satisfied that every member of that Board, including Mr. Groves himself, is a sincere and earnest educationist, eager to devise machinery for the assistance of the natives, and of the Administration in its colossal task. Why, then, does the Board not get to grips with the real problems of native education, instead of wasting precious time in idealistic planning, as if it were dealing with primary education machinery in an Australian State?

Samoan Cocoa Beans

Small Supplies, High Prices APIA, February 18.

From Our Own Correspondent THE present boom period for Samoan cocoabeans continues unabated and recently it was reported that for a small lot, £450 per ton f.o.b. was realised.

However, there are only small quantities of Samoan cocoabeans offering at present, as the main cocoa crop is not expected to come in before the end of March, with the peak of the crop being picked during April.

No Bsip Representatives

To See The Queen

FIJI and Tonga were actually visited by the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh. And representatives from Samoa, Cook Islands, Niue, Pitcairn Island, Papua-New Guinea, Nauru and Norfolk Island went specially to New Zealand, Australia or Fiji to pay their respects to the Royal couple.

Only the British Solomons Islands Protectorate and others of the Western Pacific High Commission islands missed out. The omission caused some heart-burnings in the BSIP. If a plane had been chartered to take some official representatives to Fiji or Australia, they say, there would have been no difficulty in filling the other seats with unofficial visitors. Special planes are being run from New Guinea for the Royal Visit to Cairns. Why could not the BSIP join in?

Delegations were sent to the Coronation from WPHC territories.

Their omission from Royal Visit festivities in the South Pacific is regarded by some people as “odd.”

II Mr. G. W, Johns, Manager of the Grand Pacific Hotel, in Suva, is at present on vacation in New Zealand. In his absence, Mr. Hurley, former purser in RMS Aorangi, is manager of the GPH.

NZ Governor-General To Visit NZ Pacific Islands APIA, Feb. 18.

THE Governor-General of New Zealand, Lieutenant-General Sir Willoughby Norrie, accompanied by Lady Norrie, Miss Rosemary Norrie and party will visit Western Samoa from May 29 to June 3, 1954.

The Vice-Regal Party will arrive by plane from Suva, and leave by plane for Aitutaki, where they will joint the cruiser Black Prince for a visit to the Cook Islands.

The Governor-General will attend the functions in celebration of Western Samoa’s Flag Raising Day and the Queen’s Birthday on June 1 and 2.

It has been customary for each Governor-General of New Zealand to pay a visit to NZ’s Islands Territories during his term of office.

The National Science Foundation of Washington has awarded the Bishop Museum a grant of 30,000 dollars to continue its major research programme on the insects of Micronesia. This is the first time that such a large-scale project has been attempted in Pacific entomology, and it has great economic significance, as well as in the field of public health. Micronesia is a potential reservoir of pests, whose invasion of adjoining lands could create new problems. 119 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Another Bug Joins Rhino Beetle To Harass NB Planters MR. HAROLD KOCH, during a recent visit to Rabaul, NG, told us that his plantation, down towards Gasmata in the centre of New Britain’s south coast, is in the area at present threatened by something which he calls Promecatheca disease. It seems that he did not watch more closely for Japs in his Coastwatching days than he does now for Promecatheca bugs.

This insect lays its eggs between the layers of the palm fronds. The coconut palm breathes through the fronds, and when the disease attacks the palm, the fronds die and the palm no longer breathes. Result — no production until the terminal shoot starts breathing and the fronds form.

A palm attacked by the disease is usually out of production for 18 months to two years.

Koch states that the disease is at present 90 miles up the coast from his plantation and is advancing slowly in his direction through the native groves.

There seems to be a brighter side to the picture, however. Kerevat Department of Agriculture Experimental Station is still trying to breed the Zanzibar wasp which it started to import about 18 months; ago in an attempt to combat Rhinoceros beetle, and these will, so Koch, says, also attack Promecatheca, larvae.

The first batch of wasps from.

Africa did not appear to multiply when released around Kerevat; subsequent batches are believed to be doing a little better. However, they have not made any appreciable difference to the ravages of the Rhino beetle, and they will have to breed! a lot faster before they can be expected to do much to eradicate; Promecatheca.

It is understood that production! has virtually ceased on Lindenhafem Plantation, in the Gasmata area.

With copra bringing around £7O per ton, the thought of no production! for up to two years is a terrifying? one for local planters. —Special Correspondent. (It is understood that Promecatheca is not a new pest in NG, and has always existed there: whati has happened is that there has been! some un-balance of nature that has interfered with this bug’s natural predator. An old planter says that! when the plantations are kept clean of undergrowth, and tidy, there is no shelter for the bug’s enemy, air ant, and so Promecathaca gains ascendancy. When undergrowtlr takes charge—as it did during the war years in New Guinea—the antt can get in and attack the bug, andc the palms flourish again.) 120 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY?

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Fijian Way Of Life

New Book Comes Opportunely rHERE is valuable material in Mr. G. K. Roth’s book, “Fijian Way Of Life,’’ which has just ieen published by Oxford University Press, Melbourne.

Apart from the wealth of infornation made available to the student of Pacific affairs, the :hapters on the “The Principal Customary Ceremonies” and “The r ijian Administration” are of paricular interest. Authentic and reiable data on these subjects litherto has been meagre. Mr. Roth iarns our gratitude for the way in yhich he has presented these subects.

This reviewer (who was born in r iji and lived there until middle ige) relished, as no doubt others lull, the subtle manner in which he author handled the “Yanggona oast (Vakavitho) and he recalls nth delight the occasions when he iad personal experience of the cusom; whilst the information which 4r. Roth gives about the origin nd significance of the “Tambua” is aluable indeed.

The chapter on “Fijian Adminitration” supplies an excellent picjre of the position of the indigenus race in Fiji to-day, as far as its wn local government is concerned, and traces the steps which the administration in its wisdom has taken from 1874 to the present day. To • uninformed reader, the picture might appear almost Utopian, but for the well known fact that the r ijian has been outstripped numerically by the other races who have migrated to the Colony. The main trading and industrial busnesses copra and banana production being the possible exceptionare in the hands of the immigrant races; and in the light of presentday affairs, the question is posed of whether the Fijian can afford the luxury of having a separate civic administration.

To the student of political affairs in Fiji, the book emphasises the lag 121 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— MARCH, 1954

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We Live to Serve and Serve to Live In the development of the Fijian in this sphere, vis-a-vis the other races. This reviewer is of the opinion that a continuance of the present policy is not enough; and, to quote the last sentence in the book, “successful evolution in Fijian Affairs would thus appear to rest nowadays, as in the past, on the close connection of the Fijian and his land, and on his economic use of it.” But, as the PIM pointed out in its principal article in February, this only partly solves the problem.

THE present Fijian Administration’s structure, as described by Mr. Roth, shows that it is very well equipped, indeed; and this reviewer holds that, with a change in policy, it could merge with and absorb all local government machinery in the Colony, to embody all races in its next stage of logical development. By adopting such a policy, the Fijian could become equipped to take his proper place alongside the other races, and undertake his new responsibilities when the Colony reaches self-governing status. Kept apart, as he is to-day, the Fijian is being severely handicapped in his political development.

Just as surely as ecological considerations made the choice of bush materials obligatory for houses in the early days, so for the same reason the “mbure,” or grass hut, will disappear from the Fijian scene, in favour of something more durable; and as in Hawaii —which in many respects can be taken to parallel the position in Fiji—the grass hut will become a novelty or showpiece for the tourist. With the money economy developing, the Fijian will surely follow a pattern similar to the Hawaiian, although the transition will not be so rapid; whether this is a good or bad thing is a debatable point. Some students of Pacific affairs hold that the Fijian, at any rate, has had, up to now, more time to enjoy what is left of his early culture; but

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Enauiries Invited. few deny that he has to be given more political responsibilities to enable him to take his proper place in the affairs of the Colony.

AS it seems inevitable that Fiji will have to assume in time a more democratic form of government, both local and central, one tvonders idle, speciulative and tiorrible as the thought may appear to some readers!—whether the Fijians might not have been better eff materially and politically (with ;he industrial development dictating ;he immigration policy which was •ightly or wrongly followed) if Fhakombau’s final effort at governnent had succeeded, and been idopted by Governor Sir Hercules Robinson (vide pages 134-135) instead of the policy of indirect rule vhich the latter instituted, and vhich was afterwards consolidated >y Sir Arthur Gordon and suc- ;essive governors.

On this controversial note the redewer concludes by recommending he book to everyone interested in r ijian and Pacific affairs. It is easy ;o read, of moderate proportions, veil-written and illustrated, and, or a book of this kind, reasonably jriced.—TAVlTE.

EDITORIAL NOTE : In fairness o Mr. Roth it should be pointed •ut that, as a civil servant, he vould not be able to bring any de- »atable policies into his book. He s, however, more than competent o implement the kind of policy adocated by the reviewer. Apart from lis experience in Fijian Affairs, and .s a senior Administrative Officer, Jr. Roth, curiously enough, was one f the first, if not the first, “official”

Chairman of the Suva Town Board, luring the interregnum before the iresent civic administration came nto being.

At a training course in boxing or Samoan policemen in Apia, luring a sparring bout, the trainer, 'oti Schmidt, floored one of the •ainees, a Samoan policeman named 'aipou. The latter struck his head n the wooden floor and died intantly.

Coast Watchers’ Fund, £4,000 DONATIONS to the Australian Coast Watchers Memorial Fund now total nearly £4,000. The memorial will take the form of a navigational light at the Southern entrance of Madang Harbour, New Guinea.

The European cost-of-living index continues to rise in Fiji. Based on the figure of 100 for August, 1939, it stood at 235 by December 31, 1953. There was a rise of 5 points over the last quarter of the year.

A committee has been, established in Fiji to consider methods of establishing rent-control in the Colony. Letters from the public setting out personal views are invited by the committee.

Good progress is being made in the clearance of Hell’s Point ammunition dump near Honiara, BSIP.

During January a total of 22,169 shells were dumped at sea by 2 Aust. Bomb Disposal Section.

These included 1,724 155 mm white phosphorus shells, 1,270 155 mm HE shells, 8,700 105 mm HE shells, 2,775 90 mm HE shells, 7,050 75 mm HE shells and 650 81 mm white phosphorus mortar bombs. 123 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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CDS3 124 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Defence of the Native Starlings of Fiji By Elizabeth Hennings, of Naitamba, Fiji.

INOTE that the strange starlings which appeared on Ono-i-Lau have been getting some attention, and a high authority from Australia wants them eradicated because, he says, they could do a great deal of damage if they reached the main islands of Fiji.

But no word has been said, so far, of a close relative of the Ono-i- Lau starling, which is indigenous to Fiji. I have known and observed them ever since I came to live on this island.

There are two kinds. The larger is called MITI, and the smaller one, KAISI VAU.

The starling is a cherished bird in Germany. We used to run out, at home in our garden, with our arms under our aprons on account af the cold, to listen to the first me back from Italy, as he whistled joyfully from the gaunt old chestaut tree close to the house.

My father put up nesting-boxes an all tall trees, with the holes jxactly the right size, to encourage is many as possible to come and rear their families with us. They tested these holes with their beaks, to find out whether they were of the right width, and those unsuitable found no tenants. There was great joy when bits of pale blue eggshell indicated that the young had hatched. Then they took over from my father, among his fruit trees; and a starling makes a thorough job of grubbing, not only the visible but also the hidden insects under bark and rubbish.

If they enjoyed some ripe cherries, they were noi worse than the sparrows; and, all being insectivorous my father considered them entitled to their share. By the time his apples and pears were ripe, the starlings had collected in big swarms on the stubble fields, doing big exercises in preparation for the winter exodus.

To explain this departure into Nature’s history, I would say that the native starling here has exactly the same habits. Once, our children found a nestling in the high grass, which the parents were feeding. To protect him against cats, they had him in a wee basket during the night, putting him out again for the day. The parents brought enormous quantities of food, insects as well as small sweet berries.

The Fiji starlings nest in hollow branches, and their song is exactly like the European starling, the only 125 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Certainly, the Miti is a nuisance among pawpaws, mangoes and bananas, but quite a minor one compared with the devastation wrought by the loathsome flyingfoxes. And nobody has yet proposed to exterminate them.

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The plane may go to any one of the archipelagoes of Indonesia, Philippines, Hawaii, French Oceania, New Caledonia, Fiji, Tonga, and may visit any island in between those places and Sydney.

Captain Taylor left Sydney early in February for England, to bring out the new flyingboat.

A nursing Sister from the Sacred Heart Mission is at present in charge of the Asiatic Hospital, Rabaul, TNG, which is listed to be renovated and enlarged.

IT Mr. Noel Barry has been appointed a member of Rabaul Town Advisory Council, replacing Mr. R. Arrowsmith, who resigned after transferring to his Totaera plantatioi which is outside Rabaul Towi limits. Mr. Barry has been a resident of Rabaul for many yean and is highly respected by al sections of the community. 126 MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Australian Official’S

LACK OF

Realism On Asia

From a Special Correspondent LONDON, Feb. 17.

TOUR readers may be interested L in statements made by a gentleman on the staff of Australia ouse, when he (on invitation) gave lecture to “the Far Eastern Panel : the Conservative Commonwealth ouncil.”

I do not imagine that this body .ay be taken very seriously—l find 3 indication that it has any iniience on the moulding of Colonial ffice policy. I had a chance to atnd this lecture; and I think some the lecturer’s statements are a tir indication of the unrealistic itlook of the average public serce bureaucrat.

In answer to a question, the cturer said that New Guinea is i>t Australia’s first line of defence, alaya and South East Asia are.

The lecturer was of opinion that idonesia should be treated toleritly. He gave absolutely no incation of the state of chaos in le country. He did not think an ;tack on Dutch New Guinea was ; all likely. The same opinion was :pressed by an MP who had been cently on a visit to Indonesia.

This lecturer expressed horror at suggestion that Australia should Lthdraw from Trusteeship System New Guinea. Is there not a type : mandate whereby the Trusteelip council does not inspect or sit territories where vital defences e involved? Did not United States :clude the “Trustees” from Microtia on these grounds? Does not ew Guinea come under that type, The lecturer exhibited a touchg faith in the Colombo Plan. He d not take seriously a suggestion at it was “money down the drain.”

Australia is now slightly more lerant towards Japan, he said.

[?]Oresby Cricketers’

UCCESSFUL

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A team of 14 players (Mr. Ken Beck, :retary, and Mr. Les Michel, manager) lited Cairns and the Queensland Tableid on Australia Day weekend, rhis visit made history: Although a irns eleven visited Port Moresby in 1924, is Moresby side was the first ever to part from the Territory of Papua and w Guinea for Australia.

Fwo matches were played on the tour i two-day game against a strong Cairns ;ven, and a one-day match against a mbined Tableland side at Malanda.

Port Moresby scored a great fighting n against Cairns by 18 runs on the st innings. They were defeated at ilanda in a tense and exciting finish one run on the first innings.

Mr. Michel said that the great win against Cairns would give added prestige to cricket in the Territory, and that local players would receive much benefit from the trip.

The Moresby team enjoyed the wonderful hospitality and sportsmanship of officials and players from Cairns and the Tableland, and the chairman of Cairns Cricket Association (Mr. Jim Duffy) hopes to send a combined Cairns and Tableland side to Port Moresby next September.

T[ Mrs. Ann Gardiner bought Tradco, Rabaul, TNG, on a “walk in walk out” basis and walked in on February 1. Her brother from Sydney will help her run the Taxi side of the business while she will attend to the Hairdressing and Frock Salon.

H Mr. B. H. Smith, Accountant at the Suva Branch of the Bank of New Zealand is to return to New Zealand shortly to become Manager of the Takapuna branch of the Bank.

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Brown • Black • Ox Blood • Mahogany • Dark Tan • Light Tan • Tan • Blue • Red • Neutral Economic Hopes and Fears In the British Solomons [T is less than 18 months since the new British High Commissioner for the Western Pacific Sir Robert Stanley) took personal harge of the British Solomon slands; and the lengthy report and eview of BSI conditions, which he übmitted to his Advisory Council n February 11, indicate that he as been completely on the job ince then.

It is a good review, because it does ot appear to hide anything; but it > a dismal review because it shows □ clearly the almost insuperable ifficulties of doing anything much dth the British Solomon Islands nder present conditions.

The report indicates that the rovernment has a double job—to ft the standard of native life, and ) so stimulate economic developicnt that the huge archipelago premtly may not only be self-suporting, but also provide funds for jal progress and better living tandards. i PART from a modest export of x timber, BSI has only one industry— copra production. Sir obert, with perfect logic, urges more agricultural production, through le stimulation of the existing cocoat industry, the introduction of icoa and rice growing, and perhaps ittle-farming. But although hC Des not directly say so—it it clear om his review that he recognises lat there can be no real progress i these things until the BSI Gov- •nment has solved the problems transportation, labour supply, and ,nd tenure.

The existing coconut industry, though it is heavily battered by i export tax and a tax on income, still doing pretty well, because : the consistently high world price : copra. In 1953, BSI produced 1,500 tons of copra, worth over ,000,000. But. with the immense ;reage available in the Solomons, lere should be a much bigger •conut industry operated there by jropeans. But European capital reluctant to go into the Solomons •cause of the uncertainty of future arkets, land tenure and labour ipply.

If that is true about copra, it is [ually true about cocoa and rice, aybe, in the decades to come itives can be trained to cultivate conuts, cocoa and rice; but that eans a long-term programme of pplying expert advice and prac- Jal help in education, medicine, Ticulture, and marketing. World •velopments, and events in Asia, ggest that time for these things what the BSI Government has »t got.

Sir Robert reports that, with a ew to seeing how much suitable ad is available for new enterprise, a Lands Commission is now surveying a part of the Archipelago—a slow business, which may take years.

He does not refer to the labour problem, which now exists for the discouragement of big-scale European development. There are less than 100,000 natives in the Solomons— mostly on Malaita, which is only one of the half-dozen big islands.

He has been pressing hard for more agriculture experts to instruct the natives—but an embarrassing lack of trained staff is shown in various sections of his review. He can do little on the native side without expert assistants. He reports that the Secretary of State has received favourably a request that a Commission should be appointed to review salaries and conditions of service in the Western Pacific Territory.

SIR ROBERT looks hopefully to developments in relation to timber and metals. A company, for years, has been milling Kauri timber in Vanikoro, and shipping it to Melbourne; and there also has been some lumber production around Honiara. But this industry is not growing much. The High Commissioner is arranging a survey of all the timber resources of the Territory, especially Kauri.

Sir Robert recognises frankly that the Territory is handicapped gravely by lack of transportation. He is urging the provision of more little ships, wherewith there can be better communication within the archipelago, and he does not mince words in pointing out the grave handicap imposed by the lack of port facilities at Honiara. It would appear, however, that Government activities in that direction are at present limited by the more urgent necessity of providing housing for staff at Honiara, and hospital buildings generally.

The BSI Government has been without its senior geologist for a long time, which handicaps the Government in its wish to follow up the possibilities of mineral deposits—notably, a deposit of manganese, near the head waters of the Poha River. Geologists, however, are now busy on exploration and mapping.

It is noted that two small ships (108 ft.) are to be made available to the Administration very soon, for inter-island work.

The Government is actively encouraging experiments in cattleraising. This has been handicapped by lack of staff, but results are good.

Pending the provision of a suitable wharf at Honiara, “the offloading of cargo by lighters at Pt.

Cruz has reduced the delay, breakages and pilferage inevitably caused 129 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

£ (Aust.) Total revenue for 1953 (exeluding special grants) 571.000 of Customs duties over estimate (due mainly to export tax on copra) 72,000 Receipts from Income Taxation 100,000 Actual expenditure in 1953 . 598,000 Amount bv which expend’re fell short of estimate, due to lack of material and slowness of building 190,000 Imports in 1953 1,084,000 Exports in 1953 1,614,000 Tons of copra exported, 1953 . 16,488 Tons of copra exported, 1952 12,925 Tons of trochus and green shell. 1953 563 Tons of trochus and green shell, 1952 240 S. ft. of timber exported. 1953 2,634,265 rS, ft. of timber exported, 1952 3,294.303

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STATISTICS FOR 1953 The following is a summary of interesting figures quoted by Sir Robert in relation to the Territory’s finances: It is interesting to note that, although the Solomon Islands essentially are a British headache, the above values are given wholly in Australian £’s. That is because the economy of the Protectorate is dominantly Australian. Yet Anstralia, in a political sense, will have nothing whatever to do with the ;Solomons.

Looks as Though it is Permanent WORD was received in Fiji in February that good progress is being made in Malaya on houses being built for the families of Fijian soldiers serving there against the terrorists. Four Fijian families are expected to be installed soon.

The Fijians originally were sent to Malaya for 2 years. They are now into their third year.

And, after Malaya, there is always Kenya! 130 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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How Can We Help

The Fijian?

andicap of Ancient System In Modern World AN old, highly-esteemed resident of Fiji, in the course of a private letter to the Editor of PIM, makes some incisive comments upon the problem of how to help the native Fijians to meet the difficulties of over-population.

It was not written for publication; 'lut some parts are published as i helpful contribution to an interesting discussion. ro my mind (writes our corremdent) it boils down to the old ring that you cannot help people o won’t help themselves.

't is impossible to form an inion about the Fijian and his iblems without having lived for my years among them. A Fijian as good or as bad as the leaderp he receives.

Jothing is more irksome to him n to have to make a decision and nd by it. It is so much easier slip in behind the multitude, and along with it. And the direction y will go depends entirely on the n in front. ’ormerly, there were European trict Commissioners, who were tioned in one place long enough let a working knowledge of their pie. With this authority on the v way of life, right among them, irts to send them in the right action were understood and re- ’ded; and moves in the wrong action were swiftly corrected, row, the official, coming round asionally and always duly annced by wireless, is shorn of 5t of his authority; while the ive official, now endowed with bority, has a hard struggle to do ood job, battling without moral port against a public opinion still sn to the old way of living, merever there has been progress id there is evidence of remark- : progress in places—it has been teved under close European ion and supervision. Withdraw , and see what happens. everything a Fijian does, he looks to his born chief. It was the chief who set the example, ther in the food plantat'ons, the ge councils, or the fishing exxions. His lady led the women he proper performance of their estic duties, in and around the 50. remember one woman with in my family was closely asso- Jd—a very great lady. She was ;r r *£bt to the week she . There was always a mat in es s of being plaited—and hers * the finest. Any stray woman ng in found herself plaiting, f the usual exchange of greet- Even whilst talking, she scraped and polished a coconut cup. She never returned Z™? 1 an outing without bringing back something useful: a few sprouted coconuts for the pigs, a broken coconut leaf for a basket, or some medicmai leaves for somebodj sick. There was order around n ° woman was allowed to be idle, children were kept in order with small duties, as cleaning up, weeding, collecting vegetable leaves, ° r J* 1 ?. small Bibles at low tide.

And they all had in mind their manners. And what is more dignifying to man than good manners?

ANOTHER vivid recollection of my early days in Fiji was a visit we once paid to Ratu Pope and his young wife. They lived in one oi the houses at Draiba, probably as a police officer. He had dined with us the night before, looking: like a young Roman god—tall,, muscular and slim, flashing eyes and teeth, and his hair cut in the shape of a helmet and groomed toperfection.

His wife received us with shy courtesy, silencing with a gesture several sewing machines which had been going at top speed when we entered. A bevy of giggling maidens disappeared behind billowing heaps of some pink stuff, all of which was being worked up into frocks for the church choir, to be worn that same evening.

An adorable little baby regarded us with perfect composure, and I

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Then Ratu Pope came in, called from where he had been working in liio taro patch. With perfect ease, he sat in the doorway, explaining that he was too dirty tc come further, and we chatted until it was time to leave.

You see, he was working with his men and she with her womenwhere would the Fijians find then chiefs now?

Another factor against these people—and, to my mind, never sufficiently stressed —is their communa. system. Just as the pace of th« Canterbury Pilgrims was adjustec to the slowest horse, so that of the community needs be adjusted to the laziest beggar. Which means the doom of any individual enterprise; THE worsts millstone round thei: necks —and such a cherishe® one—is the Kerekere. The nev Fijian Dictionary says: Kere —1< beg. Kerekere, a system of gaininj things by begging for them from s member of one’s own group, is i recognised system in Fijian society So there you have it in a nutshell Observe the significant delicac; surrounding this subject. It is quit: definitely not restricted to member of one’s own group. Its use i unlimited. Its effect is paralysing Why should a man make an effor tc improve his lot when he know, perfectly well that he will neve reap the benefit? On the othe hand, why should anybody be s foolish as to provide for an emeu gency when all he needs do is tJ Kerekere, and get it?

It boils down to this: If we sat that we are standing by the Dee of Cession, to help the Fijian agains the Indian, we ought to be told an made to realise what we are let ting ourselves in for. On the othe hand, the Fijian should be tol some home truths, and made to re alise that he can’t expect others t struggle, while he sits at ease t reap the benefits.

The Fijian chiefs should give clearcut lead, and their teachers ar. preachers should speak up, even the topic is unpopular.

NG Children’s Xmas Party^ These were the final donations to til Sydney New Guinea Women’s Club, fl their Children’s Xmas party; — At Norfolk Island on March I Miss Judith Hart, daughter of M and Mrs. M. P. Hart, will man Mr. Michael Mount of Adelaide, be 132 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Havoc Amongst The

Tomato Sauce

From a Special Correspondent RABAUL, February 2.

A BOUT 7.40 p.m. last night Rabaul experienced another earthquake. We understand rom the grapevine that the strength /as “No. 5.” The shake lasted pproximately 25 seconds, and was ather more a prolonged shudder, han, the usual gentle beginning, /orking up to a violent jerk, then gradual tapering off.

During the night and up to 4.30 .m. three more movements were oted; but these were only minor bakes, not sufficient to wake more ban a few people.

The majority of stores report their rocery departments as shambles lis morning with the usual bottles I tomato-sauce smashed and mixed ver a variety of tins and packages hich were thrown from the fixtures.

One would imagine that it would s easy enough to invent some way f protecting tomato-sauce bottles iiring “gurias.”

Private homes reported broken •ockery, but so far have not heard : any large loss by any one housealder.

Neither the Ascot nor the Cosopolitan hotels suffered damage to ock, though both houses carry a rge open storeroom with hun- *eds of bottles ready for immedi- ;e access.

New Order of Nuns for Moresby Slum Work IHREE Little Sisters of Jesus, . Paule-Madeleine, Odile-Andree, and Jacqueline-Odette, arrived Sydney in early March on routes. The first of a number of ms of this Order who will go to )rk in Papua, they will do social )rk amongst the natives and halfstes. The Order was founded in e Thirties by Father Charles de )ucauld, a French officer who beme a priest and lived in the thara among the turbulent Arabs. ; was killed by one of them in 16.

The ideal of the Order is to live longst the most abandoned and orest people and to bring them a better way of life—not by aching or preaching, but by arity, good example and prayer.

One does not usually consider the 1 0 P 1 e of our Pacific Islands bandoned” or of being particularly or. But certainly some of the tive settlements close to Port aresby including the “new” maubada —are near-slums and far >m beautiful—good seed-beds for tnmunism and other troubles [t is understood that it is in these rroundings that the Sisters will st go to work.

Norfolk Is. Blames NZ for Its Ants From Our Own Correspondent N NORFOLK IS., Feb. 12.

EW ZEALANDERS are blamed for bringing ants to Norfolk Island—they are thought to have arrived in Army huts in war time. Now these ants have multiplied beyond belief and are controlled only by continual vigilance and the use of the “flit” gun. Nests seem always to be under houses and, therefore, Inaccessible: and some means of permanent eradication is necessary. (Our correspondent does not say what sort of ants these are—white ants (termites) or the more ordinary field ants. It seems odd, in any event, that NZ, which is not a particularly “anty” country, should be blamed for the invasion when they could as easily have got in over the years from Australia, which swarms with ants of every variety, from the minute foreigner, the Argentine, to the inch-long Bulldog whose sting is as painful as that of a hornet.

A „ comparatively new substance called chlordane is supposed to effectively rid large areas of ants of any variety. Recently thousands of pounds were spent by Sydney suburban Councils in Argentine-ant eradication. When Colyer Watson (NG) Ltd. built their new store in Rabaul, NG, the whole foundation area was impregnated with chlordane as an anti-ant protection.

Norfolk Islanders, remembering how introduced rabbits turned small neighbouring Philip Island into a desert in recent years, are naturally wary of introduced pests of any description).

Dalai Maniana and Maria Fioni who are attending the Firbank Church of England Girls’ Grammar School under the Australian scholarship scheme for Fapua-New Guinea pupils, were among 2,000 Junior Red Cross members who lined the route of the Royal couple when they attended divine service in Melbourne on February 28. They are probably the first Papuan girls to see the Queen and the Duke. 133 1 c I F I c ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954

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REPRESENTATIVES: Australia and New Guinea: T. H. Bentley, Ltd., 123 William Street, Melbourne, Cl.

FIJI: Mr. K. Wltherlngton, 2 Burns Philp Buildings. Suva.

Fijians Indifferent to Credit Unions THE Fijians are not rapidly accepting Credit Unions, though four have been established in the Suva area since the Rev. Father Ganey, of British Honduras, at the invitation of the Government, commenced work in the Colony several months ago. He has been lecturing and explaining their advantages: there is considerable interest, and questions are asked, but action has not followed rapidly.

Although these are the First Credit Unions to be established in the South Pacific, they are already well-established in Hawaii, where 103 separate Unions were operating successfully last year, with 62,000 members and assets of over twentyseven million dollars.

Muslim League, FIJI . . , , The annual general meeting of the Lautoka Muslim League held in February, at Lautoka - Fiji, elected the following officebearers: Patron, Moulvi Rahmatullah Khan: President, Mr. Abbas All; vice Presidents. Messrs. David Shan All, Wlall Mohammad, Saiyad Ishaque and Mastan Sahib; General Secretary, Mr. Sultan Mohammed Khan; Asst. Secretary, Mr. Samut Ali; General Treasurer, Mr. Imam All; Asst. Treasurer, Moulvi Taz Mohammad; School Manager, Mr. Jaffar Ali; Auditor, Mr. Asgar Ali, and 17 committee members.

Strange Case of the Missing Gnashers IT appears that during Christmas; and New Year festivities around.

Kavieng, New Ireland, when some Very Important People werevisiting thereabouts, a well-known, resident of NG (we will call him.

Mr. X), had the misfortune to break his denture.

History does not tell us whether’ he dropped it in the marble bath„ or bit it in two with rage. Be; that as it may, the Sister-in-Charge of the local hospital offered to help., So both Mr. X and the Sister hie hastily to the back room and find] one only tin of Ye Olde Sticke Faste guaranteed to fasten hair to a baldl head.

This particular type of Ye Olde Sticke Faste apparently takes ten minutes to set after the broken pieces have been clamped together.

As both Mr. X and Sister are keen cricket fans, and as the locals are playing the Navy on the village green, they leave the denture in all its glory to “set” in the middle of a large table, and scamper back ta watch a budding Bradman from the Navy show the locals a thing on two.

Some ten minutes later they return to the scene of the crime tc find: Nought!

Not a sign of the teeth, and not a clue as to their fate has beer discovered to this day.

Our friend, who had planned some pleasant hours with the VlP’s, was “indisposed’ ’and out of sight during their visit. —Miss Y.

By Hypodermic—New Way to Take Coconut Milk PASSENGERS per MV Baker which called at the Gilbert! and Suva from Micronesia during January, included Mr. and Mrs John Wheat, who will study at Fiji’s agricultural experimental station and Dr. Arobati Kicking, who will visit members of his family in th< Gilberts.

Dr. Kicking, who belongs U Tabiteuea, has just completed s year’s internship training at Hik Memorial Hospital, Hawaii. During the war he was interned by thi Japanese on Kusaie, between th* Marshall and Caroline Islands. H: saved many from the effects of star' vation by giving them intravenoui injections of coconut milk draw: directly from the coconut by syring? and needle—something that hatj never previously been tried.

UMr. J. S. Thomson, Adminise trative Officer, Fiji, is on leave t: the United Kingdom and at thr end of his leave will be seconder for service for a time in the Colomas Office in London. 134 MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL’

°°mr!

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Notes From Norfolk

ISLAND From Our Own Correspondent NORFOLK IS., March 1. k DMINISTRATOK and Mrs. Norman were pleased to note, on their return Dm their Queen-seeing visit to Canberra, February, that half of Government >use had been re-roofed.

At the same time, the old historic ilding down by the jetty is now ready p use as a goods-shed and Customsuse. The “Malaita,” on her last trip ought steel girders for repair work to e jetty. Brigadier Norman, backed by e interest of Minister Hasluck in the and, is getting a lot of essential work ne.

Vfr. Hasluck is keen to have many of b old convict buildings restored. An storical Society, if formed, could be Ipful in producing a pamphlet about Bse old buildings for the many tourists 10 are always seeking information.

Norfolk Islanders on holiday in New aland at present include Mr. and Mrs.

Bd Tattle, and Mr. and Mrs. Spencer wley. Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Goddard re in Australia in early March en route China and Japan for a holiday.

Phe Island has a lot of absentee landds who pay no taxes and, by their ►ence, avoid the small Public Works y. It has been suggested that enforcent of the Noxious Weeds Act would ise absentees to sell their properties to avoid expense and, in this way, much valuable land would be made available for cropping and farming.

Vanua Levu Pineapple

EXPERIMENT

Is Not A Success

THE Colonial Sugar Refinery seems likely to abandon what it, and the Fiji Government, hoped might become a major pineapple-growing and canning industry on Vanua Levu.

Although the Government gave the company full support and assistance in establishing roads and facilities through the 20,000-acre area which was made available, many difficulties have been encountered since 1952 when 40,000 suckers were established in plots covering representative soils of the area.

Experiments will continue on a 6,000-acre section to the west of Natua, but in view of difficulties so far encountered it does not appear that a major pineapple industry will be established on the island.

H Mr. H. E. Snell, managing director of Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Fiji, spent a short holiday in New Zealand in February-March.

I m * Take your choice • • • from this list of quality canned foods . . . tasty hot meals and cold meats ready for any occasion. Stock up with Imperial, the Friendly Foods.

HOT PACKS 16-oz. Braised Beef Stealc Stew. 16-oz. Steak and Kidney Pudding. 16-02. Sausages and Vegetables. 16-02. Steak and Tomato. 16-02. Irish Stew. 16-02. Beef Steak Pudding. ★

Cold Meats

12-02. Trim (Pork and Beef). 12-02. Meatreat. 12-02. Hampe. 12-02. Camp Pie. 12-02. Corned Beef W/C. 12-02. Taper Corned Beef. 6-lb. Taper Corned Beef W/C. 6-lb. Taper Corned Beef. ★

Condensed Milk

14-02. Sweetened Condensed Milk. 12-02. Unsweetened Evaporated Milk. ★

Canned Fish

8-02. Flair Fish Cutlets. 12-02. Flair Fish Cutlets. ★ 16-02. Tins Dripping. ★

Sweet Puddings

12-02. Chocolate Pudding.

Tomato Products

8-02. Tomato Soup. 16-02. Tomato Soup. 10-02. Tomato Sauce. 13-or. Tomato Sauce, 28-02. Peeled Tomatoes. ★ SAUSAGES 16-02. Beef Sausages. 16-02. Oxford Sausages. 16-02. Cambridge Sausages. 16-02. Pork Sausages. 10-02. Vienna Sausages. ★ TONGUES 12-02. Sheep Tongues. 12-02. Lamb Tongues. 12-02. Calves' Tongues. 12-02. Lunch Tongues. 2-lb. Ox Tongues. ★ MARGARINE 56-lb. boxes Cake Margarine. 56-lb. boxes Pastry Margarine. ★

"Riyermede" Butter

56-lb. boxes Bulk Butter. 16-02. pats Butter. £-lb. pats Butter. 12-02. tins Butter. 16-02. tins Butter.

Canned Fruits

16-02. Grapes. 30-02. Peaches. 30-02. Pears. 30-02. Apricots. 16-02. Raspberries. 30-02. Raspberries. 16-02. Loganberries. 30-02. Loganberries. 16-02. Gooseberries. 30-02. Gooseberries. 16-02. Cherries. 16-02. Fruit Cocktail. ★

Canned Jams

12-02. & 24-02. Gooseberry. 12-02. & 24-02. Blackcurrant. 12-02. & 24-02. Loganberry. 12-02. & 24-02. Plum. 12-02. & 24-02. Raspberry. 12-02. & 24-02. Apple Jelly. 12-02. & 24-02. Quince. 24-02. Quince Jelly. 12-02. & 24-02. Marmalade. 12-02. & 24-02. Sweet Orange. 12-02. & 24-02. Strawberry. 24-02. Redcurrant Jelly.

AGENCIES fish Canneries of Tasmania Pty. Ltd., Tasmania. •'Flair" Canned Fish.

Gartside Products Pty. Ltd., Victoria.

"Gartside" Canned Vegetables.

Tongala Milk Company, Victoria.

"Jersey Cow" and "Mont Blanc"

Condensed Milk.

Mildura Co-op. Fruit Co. Ltd., N.S.W.

"Mildura" Canned Orange and Grapefruit Juices.

Port Huon Fruitgrowers’ Co-op. Association Ltd., Tasmania.

"Huonery" Canned Fruits and Jams.

Maize Products Ltd., N.S.W.

"Kream" Cornflour.

"Acme" Starch.

"Cameo" Custard Powder.

Peek Frean (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., Biscuit Manufacturers.

RIVERSTONE MEAT CO. PTY. LTD.

5-7 O'Connell Street. Sydney

136 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Current examples are listed here. 9 Costlereagh Street, Sydney. BW 8607. .2449 eoples and the Australians are seeking to ork together for mutual benefit and for re progress of the lands that are their ►mmon home.

“Wihether in palm-thatched village or on ic vast expanse of an inland cattle ation, whether on the sea-fringed planition or the garden among the island nes, they live under laws, shielded by istice, served by an administration and lited in a loyalty and a hope that all srive from the British Throne.

“It is the regret of all their inhabitants tat they have not the opportunity of elcoming you in person to their own lores. They pray, that, on some future casion, Your Majesty may yet be able honour them with a visit. Meanwhile, ey hope and trust that your visit to eir mother country, Australia, will be iiitful and enjoyable and they unite in shing you safe return, at the conclusion your tour, to the companionship of ur beloved children.

“Signed at Canberra, on behalf of the oples of the Australian Territories and th a renewed avowal of our own peraal loyalty and affection, this Fifteenth y of February, 1954.”

Signatories were F. J. S. Wise, H. Boyd rman, D. M. Cleland, J. K. Lawrence, that order.

I should like to take an even bet at he read no more than the first Tagraph. And I cannot blame m for boggling at the lush rest it—far removed from how Terririans would describe their own rritories.

We understand that the speeches ide to the Queen, on this tour, d her speeches in reply, were all spared months ago and approved Buckingham Palace before she t London. There are, therefore, surprises in any of them for yone; they are completely made of generalisations to fit a genii, not a particular, situation. :t is a great pity, however, that nething could not have been itten into the Queen’s speech in tise of the native servicemen ose bearing and drill, as her ique guard, were really excellent.

These native people were sent to nberra in order that they might ye some close contact with the een whom they are taught to lour and obey. But only Simoi, as a Legislative Councillor, was mitted to see Her Majesty in magnificence of her Coronation m and glittering jewels. To the t, she probably appeared much - any other very personable and sed young European woman. * * * ATIVE members of the Territories’ delegations attended many of the important Canberra ctions and took them all in their de with a quiet and natural aity —often foreign to Europeans ) are given to fluttering and bling on high social occasions, here were 3,800 people at the r al Garden Party at Government ise, Canberra, on February 17— )ng them about 30 Territorians. )ent an hour and a half look- _ mg for these 30, but, although scouts reported them here and there during the afternoon, I succeeded in running to earth only half a dozen, including Simogun.

SimQgun, like me, had given away the idea of seeing the Queen and the Duke in the crush of welldressed people, and was sensibly established outside the tea marquee, deep in conversation with Namatjira, the Arunta tribesman of Central Australia who has become a famous painter of landscapes and a social lion (and doesn’t let it bother him) and with Micky (Ginger one) Maureen, who runs an Administration launch around Darwin. They were fortifying themselves with orangeade, ice-cream and iced-cakes, and discussing painting, maybe, or launches—or Europeans.

I got myself a cup of tea, and Simogun courteously assisted my search.

“Masta James? He no stop. Before me look’im—now he go finish,” he said.

Simogun comes from near Wewak, TNG. Once, I used to call this part of the world home, too. I never thought then that, some day, I should find myself in his company at a Royal garden party in Canberra—and by that I don’t mean that it was incongruous to do so, although I might have thought so once.

One can meet, at a Government House garden party, a lot of less Interesting folk than the native representatives of our Territories and Pacific Islands.

MEANTIME, the Queen the Duke were doing what, according to the official book, is described as “mingling informally with the guests.” This consisted of the guests forming a tight little circle, ten deep, around each of them— the inner circle being kept off the Royal personages by members of their staff.

From a distance, these circles of people looked like a plot of a couple of erratic cyclones—the Queen and the Duke representing the “eye” of each. Wherever the Royal visitors moved, so did the tight rings of people.

However, the Canberra party guests were comparatively well behaved. I saw no top-hatted gentlemen up in the trees or chiffondraped dowagers standing on chairs straining for a view—as has been reported about similar parties in Sydney and Melbourne.

After an hour and a half of doing my duty, mostly vainly, and long before Her Majesty could do likewise, I escaped. In my case, to the privacy of the Press bus where, in company with a tired policeman, a soldier and a bus-driver, 1 put my feet up. —JUDY TUDOR. 137 God Save Our Gracious Queen! (Continued from Page CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Etablissements Donald Tahiti

HEAD OFFICE—QUAI DU COMMERCE—PAPEETE.

Telegraphic Address: “DONALD. PAPEETE.”

General Merchants (Wholesale Cr Retail) tr Shipowners Importers Cr Exporters Branches Throughout the Marquesas Islands ASSOCIATE HOUSES: A. B. Donald, Ltd., Auckland, N.Z.; A. B. Donald. Ltd., Rarotonga, Cook Is,; Dominion Fruit Co., Suva, Fiji.

Lloyd’s Agents. Booking and Handling Agents for Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd.

Agents and Distributors for : FRANCE: Hennessy Cognacs; Marie Brlzard & Roger Liqueurs; Charles Heldsleck Champagnes; Gruber Beer.

NEW ZEALAND: Vacuum Oil Co. (N.Z.), Ltd., Petroleum Products.

SWEDEN: HJorth & Co.. Primus Stoves: Elektrolux Refrigerators & Motors.

GERMANY: Breckwoldt & Co., Hamburg; Beck’s Beer, Bremen.

U.S.A.; General Steamship Corp.; Radio Corp. of America; Brown & Williamson, Ltd.; Cigarettes: Lucky Strike, Wings; Champion Spark Plug Co.; Steelcote Paints & Lacquers; Remington Rand Inc.

ENGLAND: Reckitt & Colman (Overseas), Ltd.; Hercules Bicycles; The Bank Line, Ltd.

Sydney Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD. San Francisco Agents: BURNS- PHILP CO. OF SAN FRANCISCO, INC. London Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD. Agents In France: HARTH & CIE, PARIS; A. BICKART, MARSEILLES. €% It GETS the picture..

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Lave—Fiji’S Gift To

BOXING (That’s What They Say in Suva) From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Feb. 8. \ STATEMENT published overseas that Kitione Lave, the- young Tongan boxer now in New Zealand, and said to be going to Australia in March, “learned his boxing from American sailors calling at Tonga’’ is fiercely contradicted in Fiji.

Lave, born in 1934 at Hunga, Vavau, Tonga, might he described as a Fijian gift to boxing. He was one of the star pupils of Daunibau, undefeated Fijian ex - middleweight and light - heavyweight champion, who, in 1947, went to Tonga at the invitation of a Tongan nobleman, Vilai Tupou, to help Tongan boxers end a long succession of failures against Fijian fighters.

Lave has won 18 of the 20 serious bouts of his career to date—l 4 knockouts and four wins on points—with a draw and a loss on points to complete the list.

The only man known to have floored Lave is the Fijian Semi Galoa. A terrific right-hand walloper, Semi caught Lave unexpectedly in the fifth round of a return bout. Lave got up before a count and promptly had Semi flat on his back for a full count.

Lave was defeated by Ken Brady of Australia early in February in a 12-round bout at Auckland—but not by a knockout. The fight, in fact, was far from decisive, most of the spectators not knowing who had won until the judges gave their unanimous decision.

A New Zealand report, that another Tongan in the Dominion, G. Naufahu, had won 18 out of 20 bouts in his career the two losses being to Lave, is no correct, either. It is on record tha Naufahu has lost four bouts —two to Lav in Tonga and two in Fiji, where Fijiai Jo Vucago knocked him out after sevei rounds in 1947 and Fijian Mike Ravul trounced him over 12 rounds in 1953. 138 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Oiand Discovery Restores Youth in24Kours Sufferers from loss of vigour, nervousness, weak body, impure blood, failing memory, and who are old and worn-out before their time will be delighted to learn of a new gland discovery by an American doctor.

This new discovery makes it possible to quickly and easily restore vigour to your glands and body, to build rich, pure blood, to strengthen your mind and memory and feel like a new man in only 8 days. In fact, this discovery, which is a home medicine in pleasant, easyto-take tablet form, does away with gland operations and begins to build new vigour and energy in 24 hours, yet it is absolutely harmless in action.

The success of this amazing discovery, called VI-STIM, has been so great that it is now being distributed by all chemists here under a guarantee of complete satisfaction or money back.

In other words, VI-STIM must make you feel full of vigour and energy and from 10 to 20 years younger, or return the empty package and get your money back.

VI-STIM costs little, and the %W S guarantee v i-atim Restores Manhood and Vitality MACKAY KERRY PTY. LTD. 215 CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

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Emergency Out in Bougainville Vic Fryer is Lucky; Someday May be Rich 11TAY back in 1928, Mr. Vic Fryer n did not think he was particularly lucky. In that year he arrived n Salamaua, New Guinea, as a arpenter for the old Ellyu Company. Since those days the man his nates knew as “Dim” Fryer has ived and worked in various parts f the Territory, acquired himself , wife and family, and generally mbled along through the years.

When the war finished, he retimed to Rabaul and for many lonths attempted to get timber oncessions, but without much sucess. However, he travelled down d Bougainville and after joining Drees with a partner, he came to n agreement with the Marist lission, and proceeded to set up sawmill to mill timber on Mission md on a royalty basis.

This mill has been operating about year, and, although many inquiries >r timber have been received from abaul, Port Moresby, and the olomons, the total output has been sed locally on Bougainville Island, utput has varied, but with a full aff the mill is capable of turning it four to five thousand super feet 3r day. It is the present intention ) fnstall a four-headed planing machine to dress flooring and eatherboards, which are in great unand.

The timbers milled are hardwoods ich as tawn, tollis, and quila, and very good softwood for which the itive name is taminilli brasi, which akes an excellent flooring, but is dess for exposed portions of buildgs.

As there are some 25,000 acres of nber in the mill area, it would sm that Fryer and his partner will : able to work along quietly into e future.

And this is where the luck— lich Vic Fryer did not know he •ssessed —comes in.

Just after New Year, Mrs. Fryer ft to go South and spend some ne with her children. Before she :t Territory waters she was relied. Her husband was gravely □n a New Guinea outpost, a ptured duodenal ulcer is not pre- •ely a small problem. However, e Cunningham, skipper of Drum- )nd Thompson’s boat from Numa ima, transported the sick man >m Mibiri to Tearuki. At Tearuki, ster Leo, an American Marist ssion sister who is a qualified MD, >ated him with Plasma IVI, then ranged for Capt. Fox of the preaching QEA Sandringham fly- ?-boa f , due on its fortnightly it, to transfer the patient to hosal in Rabaul.

For a couple of weeks, Rabaul doctors gave the patient no chance; then only a fifty-fifty hope; finally, after further weeks had slipped by, ‘‘Dim’’ was able to sit up and listen to what his doctor had to say.

Some days later, he left for South to recuperate, but medical opinion is that he should not be alive: • Apparently Sister Leo had the only supply of Plasma IVI in the Territory. • The men who brought the sick man in, had no way of knowing what treatment would be required. • Had anything happened to delay the boat from Numa Numa, Fryer would probably have died before reaching Tearuki. • Had the men decided to take Fryer direct to Rabaul without appeal for help to Sister Leo, he would have landed in Rabaul to find Plasma IVI was not available—and Plasma IVI is the only drug which would be of use, and had to be administered with a few hours of when the rupture occurred.

It is no wonder then that “Dim”

Fryer says, prefaced by his crooked grin, “It’s better to be born lucky than rich!”— Special Correspondent.

A young American Samoan, Sonny George Curry, 16, was electrocuted in Utelei, Tutuila, when he came in contact with high-tension wires at the top of an electricity pole. No one knows what he was doing there. 139 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954

Features that make better home baking in the tropics certain %

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To give your cakes and pastries extra freshness and lightness you must be confident that the ingredients you use are fresh.

That’s why you can be sure of first-rate results with Aunt Mary’s Cream of Tartar Baking Powder. It never deteriorates and is always dependable. You also cook with the added advantage of adding the rising agent when you do your mixing—that is the right time-—the best time for sure results. (liinl niaiijk Cream of Tartar

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Famous Escape

From Cyclone

The ‘Calliope,’ March, 1889 EXACTLY 65 years ago—on March 16, 1889—t here occurred a violent cyclone which swept down upon the north coast oi Upolu, Western Samoa, and destroyed six warships Vandaliai Trenton and Nipsic, of the Unitec States Navy, and Adler, Olga anc Elbe, of the Imperial German Navy The British warship, HMS Calliope escaped. These warships, and manj commercial vessel? —which were los< —were lying in the reef-protectee port of Apia.

It was a time of tension in tht South Pacific. Germany was aggressively seeking new colonies. Samos was in a state of political turmoil the result of bitter jealousy between the three chiefly families; ano three Powers with interests in thi Pacific (Great Britain, Germany and United States) were watching each other suspiciously, each hop* ing to achieve dominance in thj Samoan archipelago. Each had sem warships to the focal point ot trouble; and the old records ini dicate that a serious clash wouL have developed had not Mothe?

Nature intervened with a first-clas; cyclonic storm.

When the visitation was past, al the ships except Calliope wer either sunk in the lagoon or piled up on the waterfront —the bones a Adler are there to this day. i large proportion of the ships’ pen sonnel were drowned.

That event cooled the ardour cr the Powers; but the Samoan pror blem was not really settled unt: 1899—when Germany took ove Western Samoa; United States go Eastern Samoa: and Britain ws bought off by the withdrawal o German claims to the Solomo Islands and Vavau.

When the cyclone struck, all tlr ships tried to get out of the deatlr trap formed by the lagoon-harboui but only Calliope succeeded. Sonr gave credit to Captain Kane’s seas manship; some said her escape ws due to the good Westport (NZ) cos* she used. As, inch by inch, sti crept out of the port, in the teefei of the hurricane, the crew of tti doomed American warship Trenton although deeply preoccupied wifi their own problem, lined the rail and cheered her—an incident neve' forgotten by the British Navy.

Another memorable incident ws the behaviour of the Samos chieftain, Mataafa. Although th r purpose of the warships’ present t there was directed against him an his rule, when the danger dil veloped he called on all his me for rescue work; and the fine effoc they made undoubtedly saved man European lives. 140 MARCH 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

McILRATH’S For Groceries & Provisions 202 PITT STREET, SYDNEY At Money Soving Prices Choice PEACHES (whole), 30 oz. cans, 28/6 doz. (usual price, 39/- doz.); case lots (24 cans) 27/- doz Dessert GRAPES, 16 oz., 11/9 doz.; 30 oz. cans, 20/6 doz. (usually, 23/and 39/- doz.); case lots, 10/9 doz. & 18/6 doz.

Sliced QUINCES, 16 oz., 16/6 doz.; 30 oz. cans, 23/6 doz. (usually, 22/and 34/6 doz.); case lots, 15/3 & 22/- doz.

Choice large Dessert PLUMS, 29 oz. cans, 16/6 doz. (usual price, 31/doz.); case lots (30 cans) .. ~ 15/- doz.

Mcllrath’s “Rosa” JELLY CRYSTALS, 4 oz. pkts. (12 popular flavours) .. 10/- doz.

Mcllrath’s “Rosa” CUSTARD POWDER, 16 oz, ctns. (made from best ingredients—none better) 29/6 doz.

New Season’s DATES (shipment just arrived) 1/9 lb.

New Season’s Dessert PRUNES, 7 lb. tins (usual price, 21/- tin) .. .. 15/- tin.

Choice APRICOT CONSERVE, 24 oz. tins, 28/6 doz. (usual price 33/6 doz); case lots (36 tins) 26 - doz.

“1.X.L.” Peeled TOMATOES, 28 oz. cans, 22/6 doz. (usual price, 35/doz.); case lots (24 cans) 21/- doz.

Choice Sliced BEETROOT, 16 oz, cans, 11/9 doz. (usual price, 19/6 doz.); case lots (48 cans) 10/6 doz.

“Mountain Maid” BRAISED BEEF

With Fresh Vegetables, 16

oz. cans, 18/- doz. (usual price, 30/- doz.); case lots (48 cans) .. 17/6 doz.

ASPARAGUS SOUP, 16 oz. cans, 14/doz. (usual price, 21/- doz.); case lots (48 tins) 12/6 doz.

Rich TOMATO SOUP, 16 oz. cans, 15/6 doz. (usual price, 22/- doz.); case lots (48 tins) 14/- doz.

A full range of general groceries available at lowest rates, together with full supplies of penf °lti*s Lindeman’s and Hardy’s wines; also leading brands of Scotch Whisky. Rum, Gin, Brandy and Liqueurs available at competitive in bond prices. , .

Comprehensive Export Price Lists now available post free. Write for your copy to-day. All prices f.0.b., Sydney, ana subject to Stocks and Market fluctuations—no additional charges for ordinary cases and packing.

When placing your orders, remember our SERVICE DEPARTMENT will purchase at lowest/ n tl%m, n othine ext™ such as kitchenware, hardware, clothing, medical supplies, etc., that you may require and charge you nothing extra for the service.

McILRATH’S PTY. LTD. 202 Pitt St., Sydney, Australia.

Cable Address: “Rotunda”, Sydney. e Sailed in the “Hurricane Jumper” [THEN Mr. J. D. Whitcombe, of f Auckland, loaned PIM some old photos associated with the Apia irricane disaster of March 18, 1889, told us of an Auckland resident 10m he believed to be the sole rviving crew member of HMS dliope, only vessel to escape from e harbour. Our Auckland repreitative went to see Mr. Richard ffers, the gentleman referred to; t we later learned that there was 11 living in London, at the, end 1953, another survivor, Rear- Imiral Cecil Fox, CB (retired), 10 was a midshipman on Calliope the time of the hurricane.

Vlr. Jeffers, now aged 82, recalls } hurricane very clearly. In his inion, Calliope’s escape must be ;ributed not to the quality of the I coal in the bunkers, but to the e seamanship of her command- : officer, Captain Coey Kane, RN. tfr. Jeffers, trained as a signaller, ned Calliope in 1889, in England; d Calliope went immediately erwards to Australian ports, and to Apia. a signaller, Mr. Jeffers was are that the other warships in ia harbour had ample warning This valuable old record is part photograph, part painting, and it shows “HMS Calliope,” under sail and steam, bound from the Islands to Sydney, just after escaping from the cyclone in 1889, It comes from the collection of Mr. J. D.

Whitcombe, of Auckland, NZ, who haskindly loaned it for reproduction. 141 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

Free Power!

Drees Hydro-Electric Units

solve the electric power problem in remote areas.

Write or call in when South for complete information * or see our representative, Mr.

Bill May on "Malaita" sailing Sydney, April 4.

William E. Reed Sole Representative for South Pacific Areas 145a GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY.

Telephone; BU 3505 (3 lines). Cables: “Wilreed, Sydney.” of the approaching hurricane. That they did not immediately get out of Apia was probably due to political reasons. Captain Kane, a good seaman, had due regard for the safety of his ship and company, and was ready to leave when conditions became dangerous. The other six vessels were not ready.

Signalman Jeffers recalls that, when they got clear of the harbour, tears were streaming down Captain Kane’s face as he saw what was happening to the other vessels.

Calliope was a composite barque— a wooden ship built on iron frames.

She was powered by a small horizontal steam-engine driving a twobladed propeller, and depended largely upon her sails for motive power, setting fore and main royals, topsails, lower studding-sails and a spanker. She was one of six similar craft.

Following her spectacular escape from Apia, Calliope was ever after referred to in the Navy as the Hurricane Jumper. She was broken up in 1951. She served for many years prior to that as a training ship moored at Jarrow-on-Tyne, England. One of her company who was in the Apia hurricane was Midshipman Hood, who, as an Admiral, went down with HMS Invincible in the Battle of Jutland, in World War I.

The Rev. Father E. M. de Klerk, a Dutch priest of the Catholic Mission in the BSIP, returned to his mission recently after 12 months holiday in Holland and America.

For his outstanding services to American servicemen in Guadalcanal in the Pacific war, he was awarded the American Medal of Freedom and the Bronze Cross by the Netherlands Government. During his recent visit to America, Father de Klerk met many of the men he had assisted during the war.

Queens to Meet Again?

ACCORDING to the London Dai: Mail of February 14, Quee Salote of Tonga may soon ps another visit to London —possib in the middle of this year—and, so, would stay at Buckingha; Palace at the invitation of Quee Elizabeth.

Agents for Tonga in New Zealar said that they knew nothing aboi it.

New British Consul for Tong ON the retirement of Mr. J.

Windrum as British Agent ar Consul at Nukualofa, Tong Mr. C. R. H. Nott, a District Con missioner in Fiji, and Administrate Officer, Class I, of the Britis Colonial Service, will succeed hin Mr. and Mrs. Nott recently r turned to Fiji from furlough ove; seas.

Talking Chief Tuiasosopo le; Pago Pago, American Samoa, ; early February on his way to ho!' pital in Honolulu. He has been leading figure in Samoan politii for many years and is the managi of American Samoan Industrie which is the main outlet for natn mats, tapa, kava bowls and oth« Samoan handicrafts. He was at companied to Hawaii by his wife.

Mr. Richard Jeffers, of Auckland, aged 82, was a signaller aboard “HMS Calliope” when she escaped the Apia hurricane on March 18, 1889. Only two men of that gallant company are now known to be alive. 142 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Only the very best paint will give your property the full protection demanded by tropical conditions.

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Obtainable from:— New Britain Trading Co. , RABAUL, NEW BRITAIN, N.G.

Madang Slipways Ltd., MADANG, NEW GUINEA.

G. G. Smith Co. Ltd., PORT MORESBY, PAPUA.

A. H. Bunting Ltd., SAMARAI, PAPUA.

Buntings, LAE, NEW GUINEA.

W. A. Goddard, NORFOLK ISLAND.

K H. Dalrymple Hay Pty. Ltd., HONIARA, BRITISH SOLOMON ISLANDS.

DAVISON PAINTS LIMITED.

Box 24, P.O. AUBURN, N.S.W.

Sole Agents for territories of Papua, New Guinea, New Britain: SOUTH' WEST PACIFIC TRADING CO., 27-29 King St., Sydney.

Port Moresby Has

Some Pleasant

Native Street Names

LJORESBY has some new street ▼1 names and the suburb, loosely called the “Lawes Road area,” as been called Eladorina.

Some of the new street names re; Aviat, Elanese, Vanama, Ela lakana, Chester, Ogoa and Davara.

Just for the record —and perhaps )r historians of the future—this . what the Motu names mean: ELADORINA —Heights of Ela.

Cla was one of the early native llages in the Port Moresby localy, and later was abandoned in vour of another site.).

ELANESE—Native place name— terally “the ridge of Ela.”

VANAMA—Native place name, >rmerly a native garden area.

ELA MAKANA—Native place ame meaning the saddle of the ill.

OGOA—The area where the nave people used to collect black one used in painting themselves t ceremonial dances.

DAVARA—Native place name, :erally “the road to the sea.”

Chester Street was selected as one the names because of the hisrical association of the Chester mily with Papua. The late Mr.

M. Chester raised the British ig at Port Moresby on April 4. 83, taking possession in the name the British Government. Mr. lester was then a Thursday Island Scial, acting on instructions from e Queensland Government, and her members of the family have rved with the Administration er since. The Superintendent of ores and Transport, Mr. W. N. M. lester, is a grandson, and he has o sons in the District Services jpartment, making a total of ar generations on the records of e Territory Public Service. [?]s Rarotonga's Cool Store Coming Soon?

FINE carpenters left Auckland I per March sailing of Maui Pomare, bound for Rarotonga, They understood that they re to be engaged on the longejected cool-store, t had earlier been reported from rotonga that considerable fillingof the building site would still required before constructional rk could begin. According to one m, material was to be dredged m Avarua Harbour and dumped the cool-store site with drage equipment still to be imported.

Jlv. J. E. Pery-Johnston, Labitory Superintendent in the Fiji idical Department, has been inted leave for further study in w Zealand. 143 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Deaths Of Islands People

Capt. J. L. Rawson

Shortly after he had taken over lommand of Steamships Trading 20. Doma, Captain J. L. Rawson lied suddently at sea on February 10, while the vessel was between Daru and Kikori, in the Gulf of >apua.

The Captain was well known in he Solomons and in other parts >f the SW Pacific.

He served with the Cunard Line n the Atlantic for many years, but »wing to a slight defect in his ight was unable to continue in hat service. In the early Twenties, le went to the Solomon Islands s Captain of the Lever Brothers’ >S Koonakarra. In 1930 he went d Hongkong to take delivery of heir vessel the MV Kurimarau. He ontinued in service as Master of tie Kurimarau for many years in tSIP, and in 1942, when the Japnese invasion appeared imminent, e was responsible for the evacuaion of all Lever Brothers’ staff, ogether with many other Euroeans—l3o persons in all —and inded them safely in Sydney.

Captain Rawson and the Kuritarau were commandeered by the toyal Australian Navy and enaged in the submarine blockade f Darwin. She was bombed on sveral occasions, but remained float.

After the Americans had landed n Guadalcanal, Captain Rawson as seconded to the US Navy Intelgence. He was stationed on Guadalanal with Admiral Turner’s staff nd later joined Admiral Turner’s lagship, Macaulay, as Pilot for the ivasion of Munda and Kolomangara. He piloted the invasion eet into these waters, and durig the operation, Macaulay was mk by enemy action. Captain .awson, one of the last to leave le ship, was picked up by a US estroyer and was later transferred ) General Macarthur’s headlarters and served in the Philliines area until the end of the war.

His next visit to the Solomon ilands was in 1947 as Captain of ie Admiral Chase, which was loadig war salvage from Tulagi for r . R. Carpenter & Co. Limited, i 1949, Captain Rawson again reirned to the Solomons and acted ir a short period as Marine Superitendent for the BSIP Governlent at Honiara.

Sister Ethel, Mcmillan

A pioneer nursing sister of the bthodist Mission in BSI, Sister thel McMillan, died suddenly in bibourne on January 17.

Sister McMillan opened the iethodist Mission’s work among Dmen and girls on the island of tioiseul in 1915, and served there •r 26 years.

Inter-tribal fighting was still gog on in Choiseul in 1915; and a ■eat many women died in childbirth as a result of hard work in the village gardens. Motherless children were brought to her at the mission house, and in most villages on Choiseul to-day there are young people who are alive because of her care.

Sister McMillan revisited Choiseul 11 years after her retirement in connection with the celebration of the golden jubilee of the Methodist Mission in BSI.

Wing-Commander J. Bray

Wing Commander John Bray, OBE, a former commander of the RNZAF station at Laucala Bay, Fiji, died in England on February 22, after a brief illness, at the early age of 40. He is survived by his wife (who was Miss Peg Costello, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Pat Costello, of Suva), and two young daughters.

Wing Commander Bray was due to return to Air Department, Wellington, after four years as Senior Air Staff Officer at RNZAF Headquarters in London. He was held in high esteem, both in and out of the Service, and his unexpected death terminated what promised to be a successful career in the Air Force.

Mr. and Mrs. Costello returned only a few weeks ago from a visit to Europe, where they saw much of their daughter and her husband.

Mr. Robert Davidson

An old and respected European resident of Apia, Western Samoa, Mr. Robert Davidson, passed away on February 18. Mr. Davidson had been a settler in Samoa for 30 years and had taken an active interest in business and in sport. He was over 70.

His widow, Mrs. Nellie Davidson, who was on her way home after a visit to New Zealand, is the youngest daughter of the famous Coe family, and therefore a half-sister of the late Mrs. Paul Kolbe (“Queen Emma”) of New Guinea.

Ratu Etuate And Ratu

KINIJIOJI The death occurred recently of Ratu Etuate Wainiu, highest ranking Fijian chief by birth, at the age of 90 years, at Bau Island.

Ratu Etuate, who held the title of Vunivalu, was the eldest son of Ratu Cakobau’s eldest son and uncle of Ratu G. K. Cakobau.

Another chief, Ratu Kinijioji, of Burebasaga, Rewa, died at about the same time following a lengthy illness, aged 66 years.

Mr. William G. Garnett

Mr William G. Garnett, son of an old established Fiji family, died in Suva. January 17, in his 62nd year Mr Garnett had been with Burns Philp and Co. in Fiji for over 30 years.

He is survived by his wife and two sons, one a resident of Suva, the other of Sydney.

MRS. C. B. TILNEY Mrs. C. B. Tilney died in Suva in February, after a long illness.

Mr. and Mrs. Tilney were for many years well-known residents of Ba.

Mr. Douglas Quayle

Mr. Douglas Quayle, aged 54, died suddenly at Samarai, Papua, in March. He was well known to many residents and he was accorded an RSL funeral. The service in the Anglican Church, Samarai, was conducted by Bishop P. N. W, Strong. 145 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Still available for your entertainment . . .

This book of over 70 bright stories, articles and sketches, illustrated with cartoons and photographs, describes life in the South Seas as it has developed in the past decade. It is written about Island people and places by those who know the Pacific Islands—with the emphasis always on the amusing side of life.

A delightful gift-book for your friends. A source of entertainment to yourself.

Further supplies have been received, and “Where The Trade Winds Blow” now is available at all leading Booksellers in Australia and NZ; and from the main Pacific Islands Newsagencies, Book Shops, and Stores.

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Judy Tudor

Governor Petitbon Welcomed Back to Tahiti GOVERNOR Petitbon, accompanied by Madame Petitbon, was warmly welcomed back at Tahiti for a second term of office on March 3. A large gathering was at the wharf, headed by Mayor Alfred Poroi and Government officials, to greet the governor as he came ashore from the TEAL aircraft.

School children from tfre island’s schools sang a song especially composed for the occasion, as the Governor and Madame Petitbon passed under an “Arc de Triomphe” laden with flowers. Boys located in the branches of trees lining the route to the Government Residence threw more flowers onto the official car .as it passed on its way.

This is the first occasion that a Governor of French Oceania has returned for a second term of office.

By the same aircraft, Monsieur Pouvanaa a Oopa, Deputy of French Oceania, returned from Paris and was enthusiastically welcomed by Ihis followers.

'll Mr. Ram L. Regan, son of Mr.

Regan Mahajan of Suva, recently passed his final examinations as a barrister in London where he was reading for the Bar at Lincoln’s Inn, and has returned to Fiji. fl Diane Cilento, daughter of a former Director of Medical Services in NG, was voted the “Wickedest Lady of the London Stage” at a party given in February for “bad” girls of the theatre —actresses who had “wicked and tough” parts.

Diane has a part in Clifford Odet’s play, “The Big Knife.”

II Mr. D. A. Butler, Suva Manage; for the Union Steam Ship Co., ii at present on vacation in New Zea land. if Mr. Hugh Frewen, Suva small ship owner, returned to Fiji h February after a visit to the Unite< Kingdom and Australia. 146 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Rain Damage?

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Window Frames

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If your store does not stock Pabco Hydroseal, write to us direct.

Pabco Hydroseal, a specially formulated bituminous mastic, repairs leaks effectively and permanently.

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Buildings The Other Side of the Picture 'From a Special Correspondent) RAROTONGA, Feb. 10. |N reading the article “New * Zealanders for the Cooks,” in December PIM, local residents sre surprised to discover that eir territory had been invaded “flocks of excursionists” disised as public servants.

While it is true that the Euroan staff of the Administration ,s expanded in recent years to pe with increased activity in the Ids of education and citrus- ’ming development, it is very true to state that many of these ropeans could, at the present le, be replaced by local men. h actual fact, the European staff the Administration is only 9 per it., the remaining 91 per cent, ng Maoris. It has always been ; policy to replace NZ officials ;h Maoris where practicable, n the last two years, 24 Maori cers were appointed, and of the ee Resident Agents in the rthern islands two are Maoris, i the remaining European may ssently be replaced by another inder. h spite of major developments constructional and agricultural leres, the number of European cers employed over the last two irs has remained unaltered.

DOK Islanders were also disturbed to learn that “vast sums of money” had been ired into magnificent residences soft-living officialdom.

'hree houses of coral-lime conaction, and one of concrete, re been built, and a fifth is alst completed. These are the y houses built by the Administion in the last 30 years, and •e erected to replace old builds no longer usable.

'wo of the four timber houses at airstrip, built by MOW for the Department, have been upied by Administration men, now the houses are required in by the Air Department, thus msifying the housing problem, a addition to the five new dences, two others were pursed, the inclusive price for all Idings being £21,729, or £3,104 h. The locally developed method ame construction, where the use costly imported material is stically reduced, is the chief son for this modest figure, lore houses will be necessary the education and orange de- >pment schemes are to go ahead, veyors and co-operative developit officers show an odd re- ' 147 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

J. Farren Price

109 Elizabeth St. f Sydney

The Watch Specialist

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LONGINES GRUEN RELIDE FELCA OLYMP WATCHES Announces the appointment of

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Address Your Inquiries to: MACKAY KERRY PTY. LTD.

Islands Merchants & Traders 215 CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY.

Cables: “MARNIKAY,” Sydney Papua-New Guinea Branch: Lae, New Guinea 148 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT II L

Ms Niven’S

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Cones And Wafers

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STRAWS Order your requirements through your Australian Agent.

J. C. MERRILEES PTY. LTD., 104 Hunter Street, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.

A V

Schools For Island Children

Thornburgh College for boys ’Phone: Charters Towers, 164.

Blackheath College for girls ’Phone: Charters Towers, 110.

Kindergarten to University Courses available: Academic, Commercial, Industrial, and Domestic Science, Music and Art of Speech.

Excellent Sporting Facilities, including Swimming Pool.

Prospectus and full information from the Principal.

REV. C. D. ALCORN. 8.A., 8.D.. or Secretary,

Presbyterian And Methodist Schools

ASSOCIATION City Mutual Building, 309 Queen Street, Brisbane, Queensland. uctance to bring their dependants rom comfortable NZ homes to larotongan shacks of kikau and lacking-case timber. °IORAL-LIME and local basalt U chips were also used extensively in building the new ‘ublic Works Depot, some miles ut. Critics of the location over- >ok the nearby metal deposits and rusher site, the advisability of icating a Works Depot away rom residental areas, and nonvailability of other sites.

The depot’s joinery factory lanufactures furniture and school ijuipment for the 15 islands of le group; a motor repair shop jrvices all Government vehicles nd tractors used in the orange evelopment scheme, and concrete uilding blocks, pipes, telegraph oles, etc., are cast here for Islands se. There are also tradesmen’s lops, shipping stores, main stores nd offices. The complete Depot as produced for only £27,169.

Criticism, when just and conductive, is welcomed. But that used on guesswork and misconjptions can help no one.

Nother Cook Is. Vessel

LOST HHE converted Fairmile cargo- L and-passenger vessel Mahurangi, which has been operating in le Cook Islands inter-island trade nee February, 1948, foundered veral miles off Aitutaki on Feblary 27.

The vessel apparently sprang a rious leak which her pumps could )t handle. All her crew got safely ihore and a part of the cargo of nation gasoline in drums was ved.

Mahurangi, purchased by Mr. . R. Jenkins, of Auckland, after ; had disposed of his former hooner New Golden Hind (later ink in French Oceania waters), is first fitted out as a motor yacht. l that capacity she made one )yage from Auckland to Tonga id Fiji. There she was chartered i a trading craft and operated r a while in the Fiji inter-island ade. Less than a year later, she as chartered to Mr. D. C. Brown, Rarotonga, for the Cook Islands ade, and has since carried mainly OP shell from Manihiki to Raronga, and copra from other ands.

Frequently in trouble with her igines, she has figured in several arine incidents, involving assistice from other craft.

After lying idle at Avarua, Raronga, for a long time with engine ouble, the vessel narrowly escaped randing there recently when she turned from a voyage to Mangaia, t engines failing whan near the ef.

Mahurangi has been skippered by Mr. John Blakelock, well-known in Apia and Papeete, during most of her time in the Cooks.

Official Hush-Hush About Missing Canberra Jet THE loss of an RAF Canberra jet bomber somewhere between New Guinea and the Carolines at the end of February caused some interesting speculation.

Extraordinarily little publicity was given to the widespread search by ship and aircraft which was carried on unsuccessfully for five days, searching vessels including HMNZS Hawea, bound from Korea to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Earlier, this and other Canberra jets had started a spate of “flying saucer” stories as their vapour trails, at very high altitude, assumed strange shapes after the aircraft had passed, non-stop, across New Guinea from an Australian airfield.

It is believed that the Canberras were measuring radiation at high levels caused by atomic or hydrogenbomb tests made by the United States in the Marshalls at about that time.

It will be recalled that United States long-range bombers made unofficial flights in the vicinity of Australia at the time of the Monte Bello test, and some days later, when the atomic dust had drifted at high altitude across Australia and the Tasman Sea, a specially equipped bomber made an unheralded flight non-stop from Guam to New Zealand —remaining under close guard by US personnel while refuelling there. The object of the flight was merely reported as “a long-range flying exercise of a routine nature.” 149 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— MARCH, 1954

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Sole Agents Southwest Pacific: ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD. 54a Pitt Street, Sydney. Cables: "Robergill."

Local Distributors for Fiji: FIJI BUILDERS LTD., G.P.0., Box No. 3, Suva.

British Flags In Suva

Some Contrasts and Questions SUVA, Feb. 10.

ON January 26, the banks and ones or two other institutions in Suva were asked why they flew Union Jacks and Australian and!

New Zealand Ensigns on “Republic of India Day.” The people concerned! explained politely that the flags were being flown for “Australia) Day,” which also is January 26.

The Indian flag was hoisted ati the India Commissioner’s office and, in the evening, the Suva Town Hall was specially illuminated for the “Republic Day” cultural programme, which was attended by high Government officials.

The portrait of the Indian President was displayed along with the portrait of Queen Elizabeth. “God Save the Queen” was played at the beginning of the programme, and the entertainment ended with the singing of the Indian national anthem by more than 1,000 Indians.

The Commissioner for the Government of India in Fiji (Dr. N. V, Rajkumar) gave an eloquent address on India’s progress since the attainment of independence; and “Bande Mataram” (the song that was banned in Fiji during the war) was the accompaniment to a tableau of Mother India.

The precise status of the Indian Commissioner in Fiji is still a subject of some debate. The “Republic Day” demonstrations have given rise to misgivings among a section who doubt protestations of undivided allegiance to the British Crown.

On the other hand, there is no logical reason against the celebration of “India Day” in Fiji. Would the “old and bitter” protest if the Australians in Fiji similarly celebrated "Australia Day”? Both Aus-. tralia and India are officially members of the British Commonwealth of Nations.

The answer, of course, lies in the general political background. There' is no doubt of the loyalty of Australia to the Crown and the British flag. Can the same be said foi< India, nowadays?

Tahiti Tourist Bureau Changes Monsieur rouvin has re; placed Mile. Muriel Gooding in charge of the Tahiti Touris; Bureau, Mile. Gooding having re-; cently resigned. M. Rouvin’s assist' ant is M. C. Duprat.

M. Rouvin speaks excellent Eng ; lish and will be able to give Eng ; lish-speaking visitors full assistance on their arrival at Papeete. 150 MARCH, 19 5 4 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Warnock Bros. Limited AUCKLAND, N.Z.

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Suva, Fiji

% , - Will ■ifiv ii » &#**** This well-known Hotel is centrally situated in Suva’s main business quarter :: Modern accommodation provides comfort in all climatic conditions :: Only the best of Beers, Spirits and Wines is served.

Telephone* 80. VINCE COSTELLO, Proprietor.

The Troubles Of

FIJI'S

[?]Ourist Traffic

SUVA, Feb. 15. 11TE hope that if you enjoy your f? visit to Suva you will tell others about it,” said a broadister, in the course of the usual eetings session for the benefit of urists in the liner Oronsay, the ening before the cruise-ship rived on a 2-days’ visit.

To-day, the Oronsay entered Suva arbour on a perfect South Sea orning, but most of the day was icupied with a Suva downpour, •me of the travellers went for otor-trips, but the rain covered Dst of south-eastern Viti Levu id the inevitable cameras for the ost part remained idle.

Judging by some of the disuntled comments, in which Ausilian adjectives abounded, it had ver entered the heads of many the visitors that they might counter a tropical deluge. After ~ this is the middle of the wet ason, and most of Fiji has a lot leeway to make up after last ars drought.

The trouble seems to be that so my people are so bemused by aginative flights about the idyllic uth Sea Islands that such things rain and hurricanes are over- >ked.

With the Oronsay in port on Febary 15 and 16, and the Caronia >m New York, due February 17, is commotion in Suva tourist cles.

For tourist purposes, the Suva tel situation remains unchanged d completely restricted. No work s been done on the trimmed-down uth Seas Hotel since the earthake on September 14.

American Anthropologists In New Britain I ORE American anthropologists have arrived in Papua-New Guinea for a six-months’ study i popular period, rhe latest are from the Anthrology Department of the Uni- 'sity of Pennsylvania—led by Dr.

H. Goodenough, accompanied by ■. Daris Swindler and Miss Ann owning. rhe party went on to the Talal area of New Britain where they 1 be making a study of the lages of the Nakanai group. It is my years since these natives re last studied —probably not since rman days. 3r. Goodenough decided on lasea when he was in eastern pua on a survey visit in 1951. ;identally, he traces his family mections to the Goodenough after om the Islands were named.

Completing his Pacific photographic wprk for Life Magazine, rwr covering the Marquesas and the Cook Islands, Photographer Elisofon s £ ort da ys m Pago Pago, American Samoa, in February, to get “rain shots.” Ever since Maugham made it famous, people ia T^f xp f cted i to . rain in but Elisofon looked up at a perfistent sunny sky and wailed, Where is this famous rain?” Old Rainmaker mountain must have heard him—within ten minutes, the skies opened and he got all he wanted. fl Major A. H Diffev and Mrs Diffey will settle in Y the United Kingdom after 25 years in Fiji An explosives expert, Major Diffev has been attached to the J Fiji Army. * A Public Service Institute which will conduct tutorial and Correspondence courses for officers of the PNG Public Service will shortly be established in Port Moresby. At the same time, an Anciliary Division of the PS will be established for natives —this will be a “training section ” aimed at fitting natives for ultimate entry to the Third Division. 151 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

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Fiji’S Soil Conservation

EXPERTS

Making Some Progress

BATTLING against soil erosion in Fiji, the Agriculture Department’s soil conservation officers in the last four years have terraced about 1,000 acres in the Nadi-Sabeto Basin of Viti Levi: and “by field propaganda and instruction have made the farmers of the area aware of the dangers of erosion and have led them tc appreciate the value of the conservation measures applied to the land.”

This was stated at the first meeting of the Land Conservation Board, set up last year, which is now setting out to cope with the problems involved on a substantial scale.

Soil erosion in Fiji is cause© mainly by two factors —bad farming and the “mining” of the soil anc the destruction of forest ano other natural cover in the high country. When the present Governor (Sir Ronald Garvey) arrivec in 1952, he was shocked at the extent of erosion in Viti Levu ano warned that the denudation o: watershed areas was the first stej to the loss of vital water supplies To help the new board, soil conservation committees are to b< set up in three areas—Nadi-Sabeta Macuata Province in Vanua Lew and the Suva-Nasinu-Colo-i-Suvr triangle in the south-eastern corner of Viti Levu. With landi owners or occupiers in a majority the committees will advise tin. board on conservation questionj within their respective areas collaborate with the conservation staff and support the staff’;' educational campaigns.

Most small farmers will either a loan or time in which t« repay the cost of conservation wort done on their properties, and thi board is to take up this point witK the Government.

The Conservator of Forests tolt the board that great havoc ha/ been and is being done by‘ riven bank erosion throughout Fiji. I was decided to ask the Governmenr to consider the appointment of ar overseas expert to visit the Colon;/ and advise on the control of rivererosion. At the same time ;it was agreed that riverbank erosion waf a symptom and that the basic cun was proper land-use to reduce ex:cessive run-off from the water': sheds. It is possible that a Com servation Order will be issuer covering the cultivation of rives and stream banks within certaii distances from the water’s edge.

Indiscriminate grass-fires and thr protection of watersheds by thr maintenance or establishment oo forests and the prevention of oven grazing also came into the diss 152 MARCH. 19 5 4 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

WILLIAM FARRER PTY. LTD. (formerly Jacketts Pty. Ltd.) Flour Millers 1 BERESFORD RD., STRATHFIELD, N.S.W.

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Fiji Representatives: OCEANIA AGENCIES CO P.O. Box 284, Suva. ission. Two full-time fire rangers e to be appointed to work with .e police in western Viti Levu.

There are already signs that the jriculture Department is making eful headway against the ig- >rance and prejudice which used Indian farmers to plough out ntour lines as soon as official monstration parties were out of e way, but the erosion problem ,s become too big to be dealt with scemeal. A flight round the coast south-eastern Viti Levu, after avy rain, will indicate how r much od soil is constantly going out sea.

The Sultan Flagged Off! r is understood that at the next session of the Assemblee Territoriale in Papeete, Tahiti, a )tion will be presented calling on e Governor to debar the exiled Itan of Morocco and his wives, nily, and concubines, from settling Tahiti as has been rumoured ely. (See Magazine Section, this ue). [n any case, there is everything suggest that Mohammed Ben iussef would not be at all satisd with the set-up in Tahiti. He accustomed to a suite of several sen rooms to house his retinue strict privacy. When exiled from )rocco he was first given a hotel Corsica by the French Govern- :nt but promptly complained that s one was too small—so was en most of the space in another ger hotel. slow at Madagascar, the ex-Sultan i followers are occupying a threerey ex-army club. iVhere he would hope to find this id of accommodation in Tahiti, hout disrupting the entire tourist lustry, is difficult to see—unless special hotel is built for him. ssumably, on the way through to peete by air, an acute accommo- :ion problem would arise in va. —JPS. has been received by the tional Parks Assn, of Queensland, m the Director of Wild Life reservation, in Natal, congratulatthe former on steps that have m taken to establish National ■ks in Papua-New Guinea. So far we know, no National Parks ve been declared in PNG, but, least, the Queensland Assn, is the job. ?he World Health Organisation ; awarded Dr. H. E. Knowles, of Fiji Medical Department, a lowship, to assist him in completstudies for a diploma of lology at the Sheffield University, ere he is at present studying ,io diagnosis. Dr. Knowles’ speciled knowledge of radiology is exted to be of particular value to Colony in connection with the i-TB campaign.

Fiji’s Anti-TB Campaign is Not Just a Matter of X-Rays THERE is increasing speculation in Fiji among those interested in the welfare of the Fijians as to progress being made in the anti-TB campaign.

For reasons best known to the Fiji Health Department, very little appears to have been done in the way of informing the man in the street of the magnitude of the problems involved in eradicating the disease from the Colony.

On the face of it, a clear statement of some of these problems would appear wise.

Although, so far as we know, no figures on the incidence of the disease throughout Fiji have been published, it may be taken for granted that it is widespread.

To the public who imagine that all that has to be done is to X-ray the population, determine immediately who has, and who has not the disease, then to get busy with a needle and a supply of Wonder Drugs, the seemingly lengthy delay in doing anything is aggravating.

But here, in plain language, are some of the problems: THE actual X-raying of the population presents quite a problem on outlying islands —but even when the photos are taken they do not provide a “yes-no” answer. A great number of people have suffered TB of the lungs and other lung infections without being aware of it. The disease has become arrested or has healed of its own accord—but the X-ray shows the damage.

By investigation and observation it must be determined whether or not these people still have TB in an active form. With the Fijians it is believed that a high percentage show “shadows”—signs of past or existing infection. Are all these people to be kept under close observation for six months or more?

Some only become infectious occasionally. This can only be determined by sputum examination at intervals over a lengthy period.

They should be held in a sanatorium during this period, but imagine the accommodation required for this purpose.

Having sorted the unfit from the fit there comes the treatment.

There is not to-day, and possibly never shall be, a drug which alone will cure pulmonary TB. If the Disease is caught very early—and that is not the case at the commencement of an anti-TB drive — the patient may require only a few months of bed-rest together with other forms of treatment —surgery, injections, or localised partial (and temporary) collapse of a lung. But if the disease has been established

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THE WORLD’S LARGEST SELLING DENTAL CREAM and SAVE 1/S for a year or two and is in a dor mant form, common in Fiji, th< treatment will certainly be pro< longed if surgery cannot be re: sorted to —which is very frequentl; the case in Fiji where both lung; are affected. If one lung only ii involved, the surest “cure” is per 1 manent collapse of that lung by sur gical means.

If both lungs are involved, per haps one extensively, that one ma, be permanently collapsed and tin other one temporarily collapsed. O both may be temporarily collapsec The point here is that a consider able programme of surgery by ver skilled surgeons would be caller for, though the period of hospital! isation might not be more than few months. But with partial col lapse methods the treatment mai well continue for many years, witi out-patient attendance weekly c fortnightly at a clinic —often after very lengthy period of hospitalisa tion.

Treatment clinics would eithe have to be established on ever major island, or these long-tern patients, quite capable of wor while under treatment, would hav to remain away from their horn islands and in the vicinity of clinic.

Those who know the dispositioc of the Fijian are well aware that very high percentage of patient: once released from a sanatoriun would never again appear for the.; regular treatment—injections of aj between chest-wall and lung to kee the infected lung collapsed an rested. The alternative: trains medical staff to make a person:, weekly round of every village t round up and treat the defaulter] Then what of the advanced cas«; in a highly infectious condition These people are frequently to a appearances in reasonably goo health. They move about, are ofte capable of work —but many of the:; also spit indiscriminately in the: houses or in the market place. The may be the primary source of fu:j ther infection.

If all these were rounded up : Fiji they would occupy a great des of expensive accommodation an would cost a great deal to keep ; isolation. They are untreatable, cs perhaps never be rendered non infectious, and may well live for ■ long period of years. And unlea they are rounded up they will as most certainly continue to infea others, especially children.

Whether Fijians who have pass*? middle age and are set in the ways, can actually be educated forms of hygiene and self-isolatio: so that they can look after them selves and not infect others, seen extremely doubtful. The only soM tion appears to be the establish ment of colonies or villages of thee chronics where they could very wt\ look after themselves. It means u;i 154 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Powered Machines Save Time, Money and Worry. Mechanise Your Plantation. ooting them from home and imily. The survey figures probably ill show a large number of such ases.

Or are these chronic cases to ocapy all present available sanajrium and hospital space while lose early cases, who can be cured, re forced to perhaps go without Tective treatment?

This latter is, of course, a probm in many countries.

The Fiji Health Department unaubtedly has a considerable probm on its hands—in providing ained staff, in education of the ijians as to the things involved in dding themselves of this scourge, id in making the weighty decisions ; to policy. Aware of these matters, le man in the street may be less ipatient with the seeming slowjss of the anti-TB campaign in le Colony. [?]Z Tax-Gatherer [?]oes After [?]ook Is. Tax-Dodgers i TAXATION expert of the New L Zealand Taxation Department left Auckland in mid-March spend six months in the Cook lands, investigating the books of issible tax-evaders there. In the st the Department has not shown uch interest in the Cook Islands, d it has been a tax-free haven r all except those who have made luntary payment, as required by iv.

With high prices for Islands oduce, many Islanders, as well as iropeans, are now earning taxle incomes.

The Social Security system does t operate *in the Cook Islands, id wage-earners there are not juired to pay social-security tax, t they are required to pay orlary income tax if earning over >0 per annum, and in any case to ike annual returns of income.

Dne well-known Cook Islands ider was “stung” heavily last ir when he showed himself in w Zealand with a wad of notes, hers may now be feeling apprensive.

Fhe expert is said to have plenty time and is not going to rush ngs. Culprits paying up volun- •ily may be forgiven some of their st sins—so reach for the chequeik, gents!—J.P.S.

Ed. Note: It comes as a surprise find that the parliamentarilyceless Cook Island residents are )ject to NZ income tax. And we ve certainly never heard before anyone voluntarily paying income Water from a Wartime Hide-out By Mrs. Marjorie A. Long, Bonis Plantation, Bougainville.

THERE was no running water on our plantation: and, during the first two or three years after the War, we had to rely on a few small tanks for household water.

Corrugated iron was scarce and difficult to procure, and we had only a small catchment from the iron roof over the kitchen and bathroom of our bungalow, the rest of the roof oeing sacsac.

During one of the dry spells, when our tank water was very low, one of our house-boys said to my husband : “Masta, me savvy one pella hole ’e got plarnty water ’e stap.”

“Dis pella hole ’e stap where?”

“ ’E no long way too mus, ’e close to!”

Further questions brought the information that the “hole” was a cave where some of the natives had hidden from the Japs during their occupation of Bougainville. There was, apparently, an underground spring in the cave. Taking a supply of food, natives who had been unwilling to co-operate with the Japs had there found a successful hidling-place.

The cave was in a rocky cliff, rising above the beach about 11 miles from the boundary of our plantation, and was accessible from the Government Road, which runs along the top of the cliff above the seashore.

My husband decided to investigate; and, one morning early, several large petrol drums and some smaller ones were loaded on the tray of the plantation truck and a number of native labourers were detailed to be “water-getters.”

Our truck was a hybrid affair, built up partly from a war-time Chevrolet Ambulance, of which the housing portion had been replaced by an ordinary tray. One of many such ambulances remaining after the War in a military camp at Torokina, in Bougainville, it had suffered the ravages of a tropical climate, in addition to the wear and tear of war service. Its springs were worn out and, except for a dilapidated horse-hair cushion on the driving seat, all upholstery and/or padding were gone from the cabin.

However, it was a useful vehicle for plantation work, if not quite suitable for lady passengers.

My husband drove and our bodyguard of natives stood rigidly on the tray behind us, holding the drums and supporting each other over the very rough road. One of our house-boys stowed away and was not discovered until we arrived at our destination. He was made to “work his passage” by helping to fill the water drums. . . (Over) 155 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

TH!

Edwd. Waters & Sons

Avoues aux Brevets et Marques de fabrique, 422-428 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

AVIS L’etiquette ci-contre est la propriete et la veritable marque de fabrique de la

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de Byrne Street, South Melbourne, Victoria, Australie, Societe de distillation, et utilisee par elle pour le GIN et les commercants et le public sont mis en garde par le presente centre toute contrefacon ou tout usage Impropre de ladite etiquette.

Des poursuites legales seront entamees centre toute personne vendant ou offrant pour la vente des produits non-manufactures par la United Distillers Proprietary Limited et portant une contrefacon de ladite marque de fabrique ou toute imitation. an ■

Edwd. Waters & Sons

Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys, 422-428 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the Label shown in the margin is the sole and exclusive property and proper TRADE

Mark Of The United

Distillers Proprietary

LIMITED, of Byrne Street, Sooth Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, Distillers, used by them in respect of GIN and the Trade and Public are hereby cautioned against any infringement or improper use of the same.

Legal proceedings will be instituted against any person or persons selling or offering for sale goods, not the manufacture of the aforesaid The United Distillers Proprietary Limited, bearing any representation of the said Trade Mark or any colourable imitation thereof.

SUDDENLY we stopped. “We hav* arrived,” said my husband. “Tin track to the cave starts here.”

The thick growth on both side; of the road seemed forbidding anc impenetrable.

“Oh”, I said. “I’ll take your wor« for it! Can you see any track?

“No, but the boys know and they’l guide us. I’ll go behind the leade: and you follow in my tracks.”

In a few minutes we found our 1 selves on a narrow foot track. I was clear enough when we got t it, but invisible from the road an» the bush around it. Several native went ahead with bush knives t: cut a wider track for us and prei pare a return path for the wate carriers.

A quarter-hour’s walk brought u to the top of a cliff, above a bead bounded by a flat, coral reef. Ther was a narrow track down the clil side, which I negotiated by a sit ting-sliding motion; then we earn to a deep hole in the ground. I was about four feet across and gav access to a cave, feebly lighted b daylight through the opening.

It was impossible for anyone bu a native to climb down insid 1 without risk of broken bones, and was glad to be informed that then was a second opening into the cav lower down the cliff, near the beac level. A further short scrambl brought us to a low, narrow open ing in the face of the cliff, we hidden between boulders. We ha torches, and there were two hurr cane lanterns to light us into th interior, which was pitch dark, WE had to stoop to enter th tunnel and, inside, we coul not stand upright. We crawle along in a crouching position, ou torches lighting up the dusty rocr walls and floor strewn with stont and some big rocks, which mao our progress slow and awkward. Fin coral sand that had settled everj where gave the tunnel a dirty, dust appearance. It was obvious that til natives were still using the cay< empty tins, bottles and othu rubbish were lying about in the wa that the native always leaves tiring when he has finished with them..

Suddenly, we came to the end ■ the tunnel, which opened into larger portion forming a cave ataon eight feet high, with a number 1 boulders and rocks in a tumbl* mass on the floor and along til walls. We were able to extinguis. our torches, as the daylight froc the opening we had seen as v climbed down the cliff was immedt ately above the centre of the caw There was .a spring of crystas clear and very cold water in a depression in one corner of tic cave, half hidden under some rocbJ We had a cup and a kitchen dippe with us. and my husband climbu down to the pool to sample tic water. I watched the proceedinr from a higher rock and awaited in turn as official taster. As the cvc 156 MARCH, 19 5 4 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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& SONS Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys, 422-428 Collins St., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. is being passed up to me, a native locked it against a rock, breaking so a second sample was handed i in the dipper. The water was ghtly brackish.

He crawled back through the nnel, and my husband set about ?anising the line of carriers to ing out the water. In the meanle, I decided to have a look round 5 beach reef. A rag-and-bobtail dyguard of native children folded me, for by this time we ;med to have collected all the al piccaninnies from the villages, ne of the bigger ones were pressed X) service to aid the water Tiers, but the smaller fry, whose ;s ranged from about five to eight, fled along behind me. The eldest 1 the youngest both carried bush ives—one about sixteen inches g. The youngest, aged five, drew jer figures with it in the sand my edification, but I found them ntelligible. The older lad showed artistic prowess by drawing a loe with a sail on a slender mast, ecognised that one. As conversai between my followers and myf was only possible in pidgin ?lish, which I then did not know, had little to say to each other, ried to make them understand, yever, that I liked the drawings, ad nothing with me to give them a reward and they soon drifted ly, the novelty of my presence ing worn off.

'AME upon the wreck of a small barge, half buried in the sand; its engine, apparently intact, submerged. It was a Japanese c, aground on the reef, which tched widely away from the ch. There was a rolled-up ana leaf hidden in the wreck, taining some native food, which : probably been put there by e native women as a hiding je from the other thieves and Ders of her kind. n my way back I discovered the ains of a Japanese patrol camp, len behind a natural barrier of Iders above the beach. A fissure yeen two huge boulders, so 'ow that it was a squeeze to pass >ugh, led into a small cleared le, outside an enormous shallow 3 in the cliff side. There were remains of fireplaces, cunningly ened jn the cave and ends of i sticking out of the rock face cated that there had been some 1 of telephone connections. There J a number of bottles, tins and ;r rubbish lying about and a ered Japanese army helmet rened, a mute relic of defeat, lere was ample room in the le to move around and, from □us points, one could see parts ;he beach, and bush, and out ea. It must have been a good ng place for a patrol during the mese occupation of Bougainsurprising feature was the p’s proximity to the cave with 157 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

South Pacific Commission : Technical Papers

The following Technical Papers are available from the South Pacific Commission. The series includes selecte project reports and papers previously given restricted distribution as Supplements to Progress Reports. Copi of all papers listed may be procured from the South Pacific Commission, Noumea, New Caledonia, or from tl South Pacific Commission, G.P.O. Box 5254, Sydney, Australia. Except where otherwise stated, price per coi is 2/- stg., post free by surface mail. 1. The Co-operative Movement in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. By H. E. Maude. February, 1949. 31 pp. 2. Community Development. March, 1950. 27 pp., bibliography. 3. The Village Library. April, 1950. 9 pp., book list. 4. Visual Aids in Education in the South Pacific. By A. L.

Moore, Visual Aids Consultant, Commonwealth Office of Education. April, 1950. 58 pp. 5. Fisheries and Animal Health Research Projects of Significance for the South Pacific Region, conducted under the authority of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia. May, 1950. 9 pp. ■6. A Preliminary List of Economic Plants of New Caledonia.

By J. Barrau, Director of Agriculture, New Caledonia.

July, 1950. 10 pp. 7. A Preliminary List of Plants Introduced into Tahiti.

July, 1950. 21 pp. 3. Insect Pests in the Wallis Islands and Futuna. Extract from a report by F. Cohic, Entomologist, Institut Francais d’Oceanie. July, 1950. 30 pp. ■9. Report of Plant and Animal Quarantine Conference, Suva.

April. 1951. 24 pp., two annexures. 10. Bibliography of Co-operation in the South Pacific. April, 1951. 10 pp. 11. Interim Reports on the Moturiki (Fiji) Community Development Project. By Howard Hayden, Director of Education. Fiji. May, 1951. 48 pp. 12. Tuberculosis Investigations by the South Pacific Commission in 1950. May, 1951. 124 pp. 13. Vocational Training Facilities in Australia for Students from South Pacific Territories. May, 1951. 8 pp. 14. Educational Broadcasts to Samoan Village Schools. Department of Education, Western Samoa. May, 1951. 7 pp. 15. Libraries for Beginners. By Dr. and Mrs. Kenneth Todd.

Kwato Mission, Eastern Papua. July, 1951. 21 pp., book list. 16. Some Notes and Suggestions Regarding Conservation of Important Archaelogical Sites and Archives in South Pacific Territories. By Dr. F. M. Keesing. August, 1951. 19 pp., bibliography. (Price, 5/- stg.) 17. Conference of Experts on Filariasis and Elephantiasis, Tahiti: Summary of Proceedings. September, 1951. 22 pp. 18. Report on Nutrition Investigations by the South Pacific Commission in 1950. November, 1951. 77 pp., tables, graphs. 19. Report on Copra Grading. November, 1951. 20 pp. 20. Research Workers in the South Pacific. December, 1951. 15 pp. 21 Note on the Mycoflora of Rice Seed in the Territories of the South Pacific. By Dr. F. Bugnicourt, Director, Institut Francais d’Oceanie. January, 1952. 5 pp., appendices, bibliography. 22 The Chemical Composition of the Milk of New Hebridean Mothers. By F. E. Peters, biochemist, South Pacific Commission. February, 1952. 7 pp. 23 Nutrition Research Conducted in New Hebrides during 1951.

By Sheila Malcolm, nutritionist, South Pacific Commission.

April, 1952. 51 pp., tables, graphs. 24. A Survey of Leprosy on the Island of Nauru. By Dr.

C J. Austin, Director, Makogai Leprosy Hospital, Fiji.

April, 1952. 8 pp., table, graph, map. 25. Report of Fisheries Conference, Noumea. May, 1952. 46 pp., appendices. 26. Further Education in the Cook Islands. By P. F. Henderson, Officer for Further Education, Cook Islands. July, 1952. ’ 13 pp. 27 A Survey of Leprosy in the British Solomon Islands Pro- * tectorate. By Dr. C. J. Austin, Director. Makogai Leprosy Hospital, Fiji. July, 1952. 12 pp., map. 28, Coral as a Building Material. July, 1952. 10 pp., bibliography. 29. Current Research in the South Pacific in the Field of Economic Development. July, 1952. 82 pp., map. 30. Bibliography of Cargo Cults and other Nativistic Mov ments in the South Pacific. By Ida Leeson, form Mitchell Librarian. July, 1952. 16 pp., map. 31. Cocoa Plantation Management in Western Samoa.

D. R. A. Eden, General Manager, New Zealand Repan tion Estates, and W. L. Edwards, Assistant Genei Manager. October, 1952. 20 pp., diagrams. 32. Types of Organisation in Adult and Mass Literacy Woi By D. B. Roberts, Organiser for Island Literature, Sou Pacific Commission. August, 1952. 10 pp. 33. A Survey of Malaria in the British Solomon Islands Pi tectorate. By Dr. R. H. Black, School of Public Heal and Tropical Medicine, University of Sydney. Novemb< 1952. 38 pp., appendices. 34. Rhinoceros Beetle Control in the Kingdom of Tonga.

L. J. Dumbleton, Plant and Animal Quarantine Office South Pacific Commission. November, 1952. 7 pp. 35. The Purari Delta—Background and Progress of Con munity Development. November, 1952. 37 pp. 36. Cocoa Growing in Fiji Islands. By D. H. Urquhai former Director of Agriculture, Gold Coast. Decembc 1952. 20 pp., map, appendices. 37. Cocoa Growing in Netherlands New Guinea. By D.

Urquhart, former Director of Agriculture, Gold CoaE January, 1953. 14 pp., maps, appendix. 38. Coffee Growing in New Caledonia. By D. H. Urquhat former Director of Agriculture, Gold Coast. Januaj 1953. 27 pp.. maps, appendix. 39. Cocoa Growing in Western Samoa. By D. H. Urquhaa former Director of Agriculture, Gold Coast. Januat 1953. 22 pp., maps, appendices. 40. Cocoa Growing in New Hebrides. By D. H. Urquhas former Director of Agriculture, Gold Coast. Januai 1953. 30 pp., appendices, map. 41. Social Problems of Non-Maori Polynesians in New ZC land. By Rev. R. L. Challis, Pastor of the Pac: Islanders’ Congregational Church in New Zealand. F 1 ruary, 1953. 15 pp., bibliography. 42. The Co-operative Movement in Papua and New Guim Prepared by the Registry of Co-operative Societies, R Moresby. February, 1953. 28 pp., sample co-operai society records. 43. Research in Queensland on Tropical Plant and AniiJ Industries. By J. Barrau, Technical Officer, South Pao Commission. May, 1953. 70 pp., illust., maps, appendix 44. The Use of the Vernacular in Teaching in the Sou Pacific. By G. J. Flatten, Education Officer, Papua i New Guinea. June, 1953. 34 pp., appendices. 45. The Nimboran Community Development Project. By J. van Baal, Director of the Bureau of Native Affas Netherlands New Guinea. June, 1953. 42 pp., mt chart, appendices. 46. The Koror Community Centre. Reports supplied by High Commissioner, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islau August, 1953, 34 pp., illus. 47. Central Vocational Training Institution. By F. J. Han August, 1953. 82 pp. (Price 5/- stg.; plans availd separately at 5/- stg. per set.) 48. The Management of Coconut Plantations in Wesig Samoa. By D. R. A. Eden. September, 1953. 32 illus., diagram. 49. The Social and Cutural Position of Micronesian Minors on Guam. By R. R. Solenberger. October, 1953. 11 map. 50. Nutrition Investigation in New Caledonia. By SM( Malcolm. October, 1955, 33 pp., maps, graphs. 51. A Bibliography of Co-operation in the South Pao December, 1953. 17 pp. (Revised edition of Techm Paper No. 10.) 52. Social Science Research in the Pacific Islands. Decernn 1953. 34 pp. (Revised edition of Technical Paper No. , 53. Reclamation of Tidal Mud Flats in Tonga. By W. Stn mans. Head of Department of Agriculture Tonga. March, 1954. 18 pp., illus., diags., tables, bibd 54. Commercial Relations in the Pacific Islands. By V\ Stace, Assistant Economist, Reserve Bank of N.Z. M&l 1954. 158 MARCH, 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Classified Advertisements Per line. 1/9; Minimum, 6 lines.

ACCOMMODATION TO LET.—Cottage in choice North Shore suburb will be available for six months from April 12, while owner is abroad.

Inquiries to “Ess”, C/- Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney.

STOP, when in Sydney, at the French Pension beautifully situated in Double Bay, within walking distance of the Cross: 10 minutes to the city.

ENJOY the large pleasant rooms, the convenience of having both breakfast and dinner, the cosmopolitan atmosphere and an opportunity to speak French as well as English.

WRITE or phone for reservations to: Mrs. M. Laigle. 6 South Ave., Double Bay, Sydney. Telephone: FB 3549.

IF you are planning to settle in New Zealand, and intend to buy property, consult Stacey & W ass, Ltd., Real Estate Agents, F.R.E.1.N.Z., 138 Queen Street.

Auckland, New Zealand, who can offer you a wide selection.

TO LET for Islands visitors, a comfortable 3-bedroom home at Leura, Blue Mountains. Well equipped throughout, all mod. cons., hot & cold water, large verandah, telephone. £lO/10/- per week.

Write: Mrs. W„ H. Harris, C/- Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, or phone JM 5351.

ETTALONG.—Visit beautiful Ettalong for your next holidays; 2 hrs. from Sydney.

Cottages For Sale or To Let; moderate rates. R. Lundie, L.E.A., Ettalong Beach, N.S.W. ’Phone: Woy Woy 259.

DR. AND MRS. H. L, ZIELE, New Zealanders, wish to announce they have opened their home, centrally situated in peaceful surroundings at Double Bay, for Pacific Islands and Interstate guests, for bed and breakfast. Laundry facilities; adjacent to excellent restaurants at Double Bay; 10 minutes from City.

Under the personal supervision of Mrs.

Ziele, 37 Manning Rd., Double Bay, Sydney. Phone: FM 2761.

NORFOLK ISLAND, “Burnt Pine” Real Estate Agency. Cable Address; “Adage.

Norfolk Island”. Properties for sale in peaceful surroundings and beautiful climate of Norfolk Island. All enquiries promptly attended to.

Positions Wanted

SYDNEY STENOGRAPHER. 38. ex perienced secretary, high shorthand and typing speeds, accustomed responsibility, able compose correspondence, seeks Islands position with accommodation; first-class references. Reply; “Capable,” Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney. N.S.W.

AUSTRALIAN, with 5 years pre-war experience in Papua and 2V% years as manager of Production Control Board plantations, desires position on plantation anywhere in the Islands. Fully experienced in copra and rubber. Full particulars available on request to: “Experienced”, C/- Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.

PERSONAL DON’T BE LONELY.—Men and women all over Australia are finding happiness through my Friendship & Matrimonial Correspondence Club. Someone wants to be YOUR friend. Select and confidential.

Write to-day. No obligation. Locker P, Dorothy Pope Friendship Club (regd.), Box 182, Haymarket P. 0., Sydney, N.S.W.’

BOOKS ANY NEW BOOK (English), which is in print now, posted to you in a few days.

I also find rare and out-of-print books to order. Large Pacific clientele. Write: Philip R. Boulton, Bookseller, Westbury, Wilts, England.

“Where The Trade Winds Blow,”

by R. W. Robson and Judy Tudor.—A collection of tales and sketches of the Pacific Islands, by PIM writers, R. W.

Robson and Judy Tudor; well bound and profusely illustrated. 175 pages. Price: 7/6 (8/3 posted or $l.OO U.S. currency).

From booksellers in the Islands or direct from the publishers, Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., P.O. Box 3408, Sydney.

Drive Yourself Cars

DRIVE YOURSELF CARS.—At your service in Brisbane. Lloyd-De Laurier Pty.

Ltd., Rowes Cafe Lane, Edward Bt., Brisbane, Queensland. Phone: B 3375.

Enquiries Invited.

IN SYDNEY.—Drive yourself—all Holdens; cheapest rates, N.R.M.A. road service.

Make the most of your leave. Sydney (late Wentworth) Drive Yourself, 77 Wentworth Ave., or 196 Elizabeth St., City.

MA 9204 (after hours, FM3113).

Wanted To Purchase

GUEST HOUSE or similar.—Middle - aged English couple, seeking semi-retiremerfl within next 12 months, desire purchase Guest House, or any proposition giving small income with easy life; sub-tropics, Norfolk Island or similar climate. R.M.G., 151 Sea St., Herne Bay, Kent, England.

FOR SALE FREEHOLD PLANTATION.—2,6OO acres; 400 bearing nuts; pre-war output 160 tons yearly; necessary buildings erected.

Situated near Bougainville, New Guinea.

Further particulars from: “Jaycee”, C/- P.1.M., Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney.

Position Wanted Australian, 28, married, child (3 years), requires Chef or Cook’s position in the Islands or North Queensland. Has spent 3 years in New Guinea.

Wife able to do secretarial work, also has knowledge of nursing. Go anywhere.

REPLY: Billinger, Box 3, Portland, Victoria. underground spring. The dist- ;e was not more than 300 yards i the fact that natives could iroach and hide there without Japanese knowing, as the ives maintained, was astonishing. ;re must have been a more ctive means of disguising the ranee than appeared when we ■ it.

Tien I returned the water- •iers were toiling up the rough :k with full * drums on their alders to the trucks, while ansr line was bringing back the >ty drums for refill. A bucket i rope attached, was dropped n the perpendicular opening to ves inside the cave, who filled nd returned it to those outside, re was only one bucket and ves are slow workers. d fill in the time, I went with husband into the bush, where inspected various sorry-looking ;ks of motor vehicles left by the mese, seeking parts which he it utilise in our plantation truck, found some “possibilities.” hen the large drums on the k were full, the native workers ! assembled and instructions a for the casual local hands, had assisted, to call at the tation later for their pay (twist cco). We lost some of the water he road, going over the bumps, e of it slopped down my back i a drum immediately behind one morning, I had visited a :et” cave, discovered a wreck, ired a Japanese camp site, and >tigated derelict motor vehicles; much more to the point, our sstic water supply had been reished.

Miper Year For Cook

Is. Tomatoes

By W. H. Percival 3T year, Cook Islands tomatofrowers shipped a record of 5,610 cases to New Zealand. The ous best was 1946—69,550 cases, idequate shipping normally js local fruit exporters to retomato crops as a gamble, but year no less than 24 fruit boats i at the Cooks after April, mg it possible to better the figures by 26,060 cases, ices varied from 11/3 to 20/6 :ase, working out at an average d per lb. nett for the local er. We try here to supply the ate winter market demand for toes, and in 1953 this was very table. . Carl Koster and Mrs. Koster, 'esidents of Fiji, recently left colony to retire to Sydney. Mr. er has recently been seniof inspector in the Department ?riculture. His father went to N aimanu River district of Viti prior to Annexation. 159 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH, 1954

FIJI Aug., 1939. Feb. 1 Mar. I Emperor .

U9/11 bl7/bl7/6 Loloma . .

S25/6 s26/b23/6 PAPUA-NEW GUINEA Bulolo G.D. bI24/b67/s75/- Mandated All b3/8 blOd blOd N.G.G. Ltd. bl/10 b2/2Vz b2/2 I /as Oil Search , s3/ll b21/9 b25/3 Oriomo Oil . b5/blO/6 bll/- Papuan Apin b4/ll b8/3 b8/3 Placer Dev. b68/6 b300/b260/— Sandy Creek .. 01/5 b3d b3d Purchasers at Full Market Prices on Assay Value of

Gold, Silver

and PLATINUM Also Platinum Group Metals Some of Our Services: ASSAYERS & ANALYSTS.—Assays of Bullion. Ores, etc. Analyses of Metals, Minerals, Alloys, etc.

Scientific And Industrial

METALLURGISTS.—Our range of precious metal manufactures covers all industries —Gold and Silversmiths Electrical Trades, Dental Profession. Glass Silverers, Electro- Platers. etc., etc.

REFlNERS.—Purchasers and Refiners of Bullion, Scrap, Mining By-Products, and Trade Residues of every description carrying Precious Metals.

Garrett, Davidson &

MATTHEY PTY., LTD., 824 George St., Sydney. Works: Surry Hills & Chippendale, N.S.W.

Official Assayers to Bank of N.S.W.

Gazetted Agents of Commonwealth Bank, under the Gold Regulations of the National Security Act.

Consign Your Shell To VENTURA TRADING CO. PTY. LTD.

26 Bridge Street, Sydney

We eon offer highest prices for all types of Shell and Island Produce, and invite your inquiry.

Cables: “VENTURA,” Sydney.

Islands Produce

<Unlcss otherwise stated, quotations are in Australian currency) COPRA (The following are based on the MOF contract prices in the Territories named.) t'APUA-iNt.w GUINEA.—Copra Marketing Board rates; Main ports. Hot air. £75 per ton; FMS, £74/5/-; Smoked, £7l/10/- —at main ports (except Kokopo, where rates are 17/6 less). Sydney crushers will pay, in 1954: Plantatiod Hot-air; £97, FMS £97, Smoked, £96.

The above prices were officially announced on March 12, to operate from January 1.

FIJI,—At Suva and Levuka, 1954: Plantation grade (60 points and over) £F7O/15/6 per ton; FMS (45-57V 2 points) £F7O/10/-.

W. SAMOA.—MOF (1953) contract was £Stg.6s per ton, f.0.b., Western Samoa; producers received about £ 10 less. 1954 price is expected to increase by 7y 2 per cent.

BSl.—Prices based on 1953 MOF contract of £Stg.6s, per ton, f.o.b. Rates to producers were: £A62/3/4 per ton, delivered Honiara; £A63/3/4, delivered Tulagi or Yandina; £A62/18/4, delivered Gizo. 1954 price is expected to increase by 7V 2 per cent.

COCOA.—lslands prices are usually based on rate for Accra cocoa (W.

Africa), quotation (from Colyer Watson Ltd., Sydney) for which on March 31 was £Stg.442/10/- (£A553/2/6 approx.) c.i.f., ton, Cont. ports.

N.G. — £5lO approx, per ton, in store, Sydney.

Samoa.—Sydney agents in March quoted Samoa cocoa at £Stg.43o (£A537/6/approx.), f.o.b. per ton, first grade. (Samoan currency equals Stg.).

COFFEE.—P.-N.G. Overseas market increases have brought Territories coffee to 6/- per lb. All supplies assured of quick sale.

New Caledonia.—Crop mainly exported to France. Recent quotation was 398 Metrop. francs per kilo (£ASI3 approx, per long ton).

RUBBER.—Market still weakening.

Papua - New Guinea. —Price based on Singapore figure which fluctuates from day to day. Quotation on March 12 was 26-2/3d Aust. lb. Singapore rate March 12 No. 1 grade RSS (sellers) spot 53 7 / s c. lb. c.i.f. (approx. 24-l/3d Aust. lb.).

VANILLA BEANS.—Sydney nominal quotations (by Victor Karp, Tulk & Co.): Tahiti.—Stocks still unavailable. New season expected to commence about July.

Nominal price white & yellow, 60/- c.i.f., Sydney.

RICE. —Price for 1954. Papua - N.G. — Dry brown £9O per ton; dressed £96 per ton. Other Pacific Is., except NZ dependencies, £96 per ton.

PEARL SHELL.—Prices fixed between Torres Strait producers and Otto Gerdau Co. (USA) for 1954: AA/A/B grades. 85c lb. ( £ABSO approx, per long ton); C. 80c lb. (£ A 800); D, 55c lb. (£ASSO); E, 40c lb. ( £ A 400); EE. 30c lb. (£A3OO) all c.i.f., New York. No change froi last season. Manihikl. — £NZ292 (£A36£ c.i.f., Auckland. Rarotonga.— £NZ2! (£ A287/10/-) f.0.b., Auckland.

TROCHUS SHELL.—N.G.: £2BO per tc ex-wharf less rejects. Market very quie sales difficult to confirm. Price indicate only. Fiji, £F2OO per ton f.0.b., Suv GREEN SNAIL SHELL.—Market fair steady in Sydney at present. N.G., £2: per ton less rejects. N.H., £205 per tc free ex-wharf. 8.5.1., No. 1 grade £l7' £l9O, Spotted £BO both per ton e: wharf.

PEANUTS. —P.N.G.: Quality of nuts in proved. Recent price was 2/- lb. wi' kernels. Market expected to ease slight; when Australian nuts are again availabl

London Prices

LONDON, March 5.

Copra, c.i.f., Continental Ports, ton;: New Hebrides .. .. 97,500 Metrop. frani (£ A125/16/- approx Tahiti 98,500 Metrop. fran (£ A 127 approx FM Straits £Stg. (£ AlOO appro* Philippines, bulk, March $2 (£ A9l/10/- appro* Coconut Oil, c.i.f., Continental Por ton;— „_. ~ FM Straits, 3y 2 % £ Stg.3l (£ Al7O appro* Ceylon, Jan £ Stg.l (£ Al6B/15/- appro: Cocoa, per 50 kilos, c.i.f., Nth. Coe tinental Ports;— Accra, March £Stg.22/l( (£ A 565 approx, per long toi

Islands Mining Shari

Exchange Rates

FlJl.—Through BANK OF NSW, At BANK and BANK OF NZ. Australia on FJ basis £lOO Fiji: Buying, £Alll/2/6; Belli £ All 3. Fiji-London. basis £lOO Londi B. £llO/12/6; S. £ll2. NZ-Fijl, basis £: NZ: B. £lll/11/9; S. £llO/4/3.

SAMOA.— Through BANK OF I Australia on Samoa, basis £lOO Sanaa B. £ A123/12/6; S. £AI24/10/fl. Same London, basis £lOO London: £lOO/7/6; S. £lOl/10/-. Samoa— basis £lOO NZ: B. £100; S. £ 100/lU Samoa-Fiji, basis £lOO Samoa: B. £!

S. £llO.

Papua-Ng.—Commonwealth Baf

(Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul, Kavi© Madang), BANK OF NSW (branches: Moresby, Lae, Bulolo, Rabaul, Madas Samarai; agency: Wau) and ANZ BA# (Port Moresby) quote exchange E Australia-Papua-NG: 10/- per £lOO.

BSL—COMMONWEALTH BANK (brae at Honiara) quotes exchange rate A tralia-BSI: 10/- per £lOO.

FR. PACIFIC COLONIES.—Pacific fras most valuable of the three franc groin French Union, are used in New CZ donia, New Hebrides, and Fr. Oceat FRENCH BANK (Comptolr Natiol D’Escompte de Paris) in Sydney quo (nominally): 145.78 Pac. fr. to £Au. 176.72 Pac. fr. to £Stg.; 64.70 Pac.. to US $. t

Holiday over your fence Wherever you live along the Coral Route, a fine holiday awaits you “just over your fence.” TEAL will fly you there easily, comfortably.

For Australians or New Zealanders, a TEAL trans-Tasman flight provides a new world of interest—similar enough to home for comfort yet stimulating because the attractions of the two countries are so different.

Island residents can at little cost visit a neighbouring territory—Fiji, Samoa, Tahiti—or for a complete change, New Zealand or Australia.

Enquiries and reservations at TEAL offices or Travel Agents at all TEAL route points, (See below).

Tasman Empire Airways Limited

in association with QANTAS and 8.0.A.C. *

Suva (Fiji)

Apia (Samoa)

SYDNEY MELBOURNE

Wellington • Christchurch

Papeete (Tahiti)

Aitutaki (Cook Islands)

MARCH. 1954 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

§

General Merchants

Capital £1,000,000 ESTABLISHED 1914

General Merchants

and PROVIDORES

Trade Throughout The Pacific

OVER THIRTY-FIVE YEARS OF PACIFIC ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE

Buyers And Exporters Of All Kinds

OF ISLAND PRODUCE, COPRA, COCOA, M.O.P. SHELL, TROCAS SHELL, ETC.

Through our Sydney office, branches and agents, we distribute a wide and comprehensive range of general merchandise.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

Head Office: 16 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cable Address: Telephone: Postal Address: “CAMOHE.” BW 4421. G.P.0., BOX 168, Sydney.

In London : W. R. Carpenter 6* Co. (London) Ltd., 13 Rood Lane, London, E.C.3.

ASSOCIATED COMPANIES THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC: IN NEW GUINEA: IN PAPUA: IN FIJI: New Guinea Company Limited, Island Products Ltd., W. R. Carpenter Co. (Fiji) Rabaul, Lae, Madang, Kavieng. Port Moresby. Ltd., Suva.

Agents For Australian, European

AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS.

Distributors Of Every Description

OF MERCHANDISE.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MARCH. 1954