PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly June, 1951 Vol. XXI. No. 11. stablished 1930.

I Registered at the G.P.0., transmission by post as a newspaper ] WHEN Dr. E. D. Pridie, Chief Medical Officer of the Colonial Office, London, visited Fiji recently, one of the highlights of his tour was the traditional Fijian Kava ceremony held in his honour by students of the Central Medical School, Suva. While Dr. Pridie was taking Fijians, other students were interested spectators. This photograph shows an interesting contrast in the types of young men from the Pacific Islands who are attending the School. Those shown clearly from right to left are: AMP Fatiaki, Rotuma; Edward Shanta Dass HFiji Indian;-Deiiial Technician Simione, Fiji; Harris Austin, Guam; Ruben, New Guinea; Uhila, Tonga. —Photo by Fiji Public Relations Office.

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2 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY;

TRUTH TO TELL...

We Can Supply You With All These! • Batteries Electric Lighting Plants Fence Chargers Fire Fighters Hargaus Saws Lister Diesel Engines Marine Engines Seagull Outboard Motors Orchard Spray Plants Refrigeration Todd Insecticidal Fog Applicator Multi-Tool Sets Pumping Units Tractors Water Pressure Systems Air Compressor Sets • Sole Distributors in N.S.W. ; Dangar Gedye & Malloch Ltd.

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Index to Advertisers Achun, Gabriel . 104 “Akta-Vite” ... 30 Aladdin Industries . 40 Alois Akun & Co. . 99 Aluminium Union 110 Amplion (A/siai . 37 Angus & Robertson 27 Ardath Tobacco Co. 42 “Aspaxadrene’’ . . 116 “Aspro” 90 Baker, W. Jno. . . 54 Balchin. W.. Ltd. . 67 Bank of NSW . . 82 Bell, Stanley P.. & Co 93. 101 “Bellhaven” Guest House 96 Berry’s Bay Boatyard 95 Bethell. Gwyn Co. 26 Blaxland Rae Pty. 94 Blundell Spence Co. 66 Borthwick’s Paint . 33 Bovril, Ltd 81 Bray & Holliday . 76 Bristol-Myers Co. . 71 Broomflelds, Ltd. . 93 Brunton & Co. . . 77 Budge, James, Ltd. 106 Bunting A. H.. 49, 105 Burns Phiip (NGi . 65 Burns Phiip (NHj . 30 Burns Phiip (SS) . 42 Burns Phiip Trust . 28 Butterfly World Supply House . . 21 Cadbury-Fry- Pascall, Ltd. . . 20 Caine’s Studios . . 39 Carpenter, W. R. «te Co. Ltd. 72, cov. iv.

Carpenter, W. R. (Fiji) Ltd. ... 103 Classified Advts. . 118 Colman’s Miustard 85 Colonial Meat Co. 68 C o 1 y e r Watson (NGi Ltd., 26, 51, 109 Commonwealth Bank of Australia . . 31 Crammond Radio . 2 Crawford’s Hatchery 29 Crilley, R. J., Ltd. 93 “Cystex” . . . .117 Dangar, Gedye & Malloch Ltd. . . 3 Davison Paints . . 55 Donaghy & Sons . 69 Donald, A. 8., Ltd. (Auckland) ... 90 Donald, A. B. Ltd. (Rarotonga) . . 34 Douglass, W. C. . . 39 Dunlop Rubber Co. 16 Electrolux . ... 72 Ellerker, A. J. . . 98 For Sale—'“Pacific Pride” 13 Ford Sherington 49 French Chamber of Cummer ce ... 51 Garrett, Davidson & Matthey, Ltd. . 120 Garrick Hotel . . 100 Gilbey, W. & A. . 89 Gillespie Bros. Ltd. 70 Gillespie, Robert, Pty., Ltd. 1, 54, 87 Gillespie. Robert, (NG) Ltd. . . 67, 95 Gordon’s Gin . . 114 Grand Pacific Hotel 4 Gough & Co., E. J. 38 Gregory, A. Ltd. . 70 Grove. W. ' H., & Sons Ltd. . . 15, 83 Halvorsen Sons Ltd. 50 Hawley’s Pty., Ltd. 84 Hay, K. H. D. . . 113 Heinz & Co., Ltd. . 69 Hemingway & Robertson, Ltd. . 38 Holland Rusk . . 22 Hygeia Sanitary Co. 34 Hyne & Son Ltd. 119 Island Industries . 11l Islands Service Bureau . . . . .35 Kennedy, Captain . 97 Kerr Bros. . . 74, 94 Kiwi Polish Co. . . 83 Kolynos, Inc. ... 21 Kopsen, W., & Co. 96 Kraft Walker Cheese Co. Ltd 73 Lillis & Co. Ltd. . 48 Macintyre, Thomas, & Co., Ltd. . . 108 MacLaurin School . 25 Macquarie Chemical Laboratories 115 Mac Robertson Pty. 25 McGee, Andrew . . 36 Mcllrath’s, Ltd. . . 22 “Mendaco” . . . 112 Merrillees, J. C.

Pty., Ltd 23 Millers, Ltd. (Fiji) 106 Mobile Industrial Equipment, Ltd. . 52 Morris Hedstrom Ltd 12 Morris Hedstrom (Aust.) Pty.. Ltd. 107 Mungo Scott Ltd. . 27 Nathan’s Merchandise (NSWI Pty. 75 Nelson & Robertson 85 “Nixoderm” ... 115 Nordman, Oscar G. 55 NZ National Airways Corporation 56 O’Brien, Geo. ... 94 Pabco Products . . 91 Pacific Is. Society 75 Pacific Islands Trading Co. . . 79 Pan American Airways Inc. ... 14 Parer Pty. Ltd. . 119 “Pinkettes” ... 89 Pixie Knitwear . 112 P.I. Year Book . . 17 Proud’s Ltd. ... 32 Qantas Airways cov. ii Qld. Butter Board 29 Qld. Insurance Co. 33 Quirk’s Victory Light Co. ... 80 Ransomes, Sims & Jefferies Ltd. . . 50 Reckitt’s Blue . . 41 Reed, Wm„ E. 18, 114 Riverstone Meat Co. 44 Robinson, G. H., Ltd 41 Rohu, Sil . . . . 79 Savitz, B 87 Scott, J., Pty., Ltd. 86 Seward, N. H„ Ltd. 16 Shell Co. of Aust. 113 Sherwin-Williams Co 43 Simpson Bros. Pty. 108 Sims, A. G. Ltd. . 92 Southern Pacific Insurance Co. . 81 Spartan Paints . . 78 Spruso Co 19 Steamships Trading Co. Ltd. (Papua) 53 Stewarts & Lloyds 78 Sullivan, C.. Ltd. . 77 Swift & Horndale Pty., Ltd. ... 104 Tallerman & Co. . 105 Tasman Empire Airways Ltd. . . . 102 Taylor, Allen & Co. 73 Thornycroft, Ltd. . 117 Tilley Lamp Co. 46, 74 Tillock & Co.. Ltd. 109 Tongan Photos Bureau 71 Tooth & Co., Ltd. . 45 Trans Oceanic Airways 24 Tru-Wite Cleaner . 35 Tyneside Engineering Co., Ltd. . . 86 Undersee Novelties 53 United Island Traders Ltd. . . 46 Vacuum Oil Co. . . 88 Ventura Trading Co. Ltd. 19, 101, 120 Vincent Chem. Co. 47 Walsh, A. D. . . . 119 West Harry, Pty., Ltd 99 “Where the Trade Winds Blow’’ . . H 8 Williams’ Pills . . 104 Wills, W. D. & H 0., Ltd. . . cov. iii.

Wood’s Great Peppermint Cure . . 37 Wright & Co. ... 97 Wunderlich Ltd. . 100 Yorkshire Insurance Co., Ltd. . . 44 3 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNK, 1951

Yvett tfv st^V i * 9 1 m h « •* **?

I** PI Ce Uem fr , 5s w Urre «cy> /Itua S*** *£ 555 : £ * "** iao£ e j J* lre cc a n ly ox iv ~ able <Z ca^'^ lan Pacit'’.

IN THIS ISSUE: Editorials: Willing or Unwilling, Australia Must Lead in the South Pacific :: The Missionaries and the Returned Soldiers and New Guinea 5-6 New Administrative Set-Up for Papua-New Guinea 7 Sir Brian Freeston to be Secretary- General of South Pacific Commission 7 No Air Service for Tonga .. •• •• 7 Tongan Crown Prince Will Visit Britain 7 New Guinea’s Lost Land Registers . 8 Tofua Should be on Job This Year . 8 Canada Wants to Buy Copra Direct from NG, Fiji .. . 8 Solomons and New Hebrides New Minister Knows Nothing of Reported Transfer 9 Red Raggers Delay Aorangi Departure 9 French Mail Plane Sent Away from Cook Is 9 Flying-boat Hits Reef • • • 9 More Complaints About P-NG Little Ships 10 New Cargo Vessel for Islands 11 TOA's New Service H Death of Sir Maynard Hedstrom .. 13 Why Fijian Student Was Expelled from NZ 15 Boom in New Caledonia's Metals ~ 17 Giant Snails Still a Pest 18 Hebrides “No Asset to Australia’’ .. 19 Preparing P-NG Defences GOC’s Visit to P-NG 23 Tahiti’s Isolation is Ended TEAL Establishes Fortnightly Service .. 25 Livestock for Papua-New Guinea .. 25 American Viewpoint on Pacific Islands 26 Rehabilitation of Lamington Evacuees —llimo Camp Closed 27 New Sugar Cane Varieties from NG Highlands 27 French Ships for Pacific 27 Dismal Outlook for Service Pensioners 28 Fapua-New Guinea’s Economic Headaches 29 Navy Crew for Matua Essential Goods to be Taken to Island Ports 34 Rabaul to Kokopo Europeans Reconciled but Chinese Not Happy 35 MV Gona on NG Reef 35 New Samoan Political Party 37 Cook Islanders Offer to Work on NZ Wharves, Ships 38 The Month in Papua-New Guinea . 41 South Pacific Commission—Seventh Session in Noumea 43 Polio Outbreak in BSI 49 Anzac Day in Vila 49 Allocation of Mt. Lamington Relief Fund 50 PAA Interested in Tahiti 51 We Too Have Our Nutteries 53 Madang Newsletter 54 Territories' Talk-Talk 57 Tonga’s 92-year-old Poet 58 PIM Crosscmiz 58 Namatjira Dinkum Aussi, Real Artist 59 Moresby Goes from Air Warfare to Air-Fare War Tropicalities bl There is Treasure on Tupai and Many Coconuts Fashion ;; Children’s Section .... 64 It was a Quiet Election in Samoa .. 66 P-NG Postage Rates Up 66 Laurabada for Scrap-Heap 6< New Hebrides Get Increased Air Service 69 New Name for Suva Point 70 Ex-Missionaries in Methodist Posts in Australia 70 Buy Western New Guinea! 71 Fiji’s Official Festival Visitors .... 74 Some Ideas for the New State .. .. 74 Pitcairn Relic Returned 75 Western Samoa Trade, 1950 75 Rabaul Roundabout 81 That Iniquitous MOF Copra Contract 83 Review: Helping the Natives to Get Along With Us . 85 Making New Guinea Natives Fish Conscious 89 Spoiling the Papuans—Old Timer’s Protest 91 Plane and Shipping Timetables ... 93 Notes from Lae 103 The Month in Fiji 104 Pitcairners Watched for Plane That Did Not Come 107 Review: In Defence of the Plough . 108 The Problem of the Half-Caste .. 11l Treaty With Tonga Event of 50 Years Ago 112 French Oceania News 113 Plantations Do Not Pay 115 News Notes from NG Goldfields .. lib Uncle Sam’s Guam Yankees 117 Commerce, Markets 120 OBITUARY: J. Graham-Taylor, il; Sir M. Hedstrom, 13; James Morgan. 15; P, G. Rogerson, 28; Mrs. B. Stowers, 38; Nils Bowman, 50; Harold Thompson, 51; K. J. Angel, 69; J. B. Mawson, 87; E. E. Dunwoodie, 100.

INDUSTRIES: Rubber, 6; Gold, 11, 31, 50; Pearling, 31; Copra, 51, 79; Rice, 99.

ORGANISATIONS: New Guinea Women’s Club, Sydney, 10; P. I. Society, 10; P-NG Public Service Assn,, 37; NG Ex- Servicemen’s Club, 101. 4

June, 195 I'-R Pacific Islands Monthly

Pacific Islands Mont lily The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper ] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand' and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Australian Territory of Papua.

Trustee Territory (Australia) of New Guinea.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

Trustee Territory of Nauru (Aust,, NZ and UK).

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Niue Island, Trustee Territory (NZ) of Western Samoa.

British Crown Colony of Fiji.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

French Colony of New Caledonia.

French Establishment of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Trustee Territory (USA) of Micronesia.

Owned ond Produced by Poeifie Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

Telephone: General Office and Advertising BW 5037.

G.P.D. BOX 3408 Registered Address for Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables: “Pacpub,” Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS.

Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited and will be paid for on publication.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES.

In Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Papua and New Guinea, Western Samoa.

Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga, British Solomon Is., Gilbert and Ellice Colony, Nauru, New Hebrides, and Norfolk Island 18 0 New Caledonia (French) and French Oceania (Tahiti, etc.) £llO United Kingdom, British Commonwealth, United States of America, US Pacific Territories, and Foreign Countries .. .. $3.50 £1 10 0 Editor and Publisher: R. W, ROBSON, P.R.Q.S.

Assistant Editor; JUDY TUDOR.

General Office: Union House. 247 George Street, Sydney. Telephone: BW 5037.

Business Manager: SELWYN HUGHES REPRESENTATIVE IN LONDON.

J. T. Wallis, Coronation House, 4 Lloyd’s Avenue, London, E.C.3, from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly Pacific Is. Year Book, advertising schedules, etc AGENTS.

The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for Pacific Islands Monthly:— Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd. All branches.

W. R. Carpenter <fe Co., Ltd. All branches.

Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd. All branches.

Steamships Trading Co.. Papua. All branches Colyer Watson (NG) Ltd. All branches.

Mrs. Jean Fraser, Lae, New Guinea.

R. P. Smith, Rabaul, New Guinea.

A. H. Bunting Ltd.. Samaral. Papua.

Steele’s Central Store, Suva, FIJI.

Adams Pharmacies Pty., Lautoka, FIJI.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

United Island Traders Ltd.. Rarotonga, Cook Te.

A. Vercoe, Apia, Western Samoa.

Oscar Nordman, Papeete, Tahiti.

Islands Branches and Representatives of W H Grove & Sons, Ltd., Auckland. New Zealand Ed. Pentecost, Noumea, New Caledonia.

Societe Gubbay Kerr et Cie, Noumea, NC.

V. E. White, Brisbane, Qld.

Vol. XXI. No. 11.

JUNE, 1951 . ( 1/9 Per Copy.

Price ] Prepaid, p.a.: 18/- Aust. ( In South Pacific.

Willing or Unwilling, Australia Must Lead in the South Pacific THE significance of recent events in Australia are of interest to all dwellers in the Pacific Islands. Aus- .raha, whether she likes it or not, as she pows m strength, is being forced to take in increasing share in responsibility for SlaSfc e o C m o munmef 0d goVernment 0f the The pressure comes from three facts vnicn, It not yet officially recognised, are generally accepted. They are: • Australia, and whatever Islands she controls, are the only real barrier between he Smith Pnmfip lanHc tha ne oouiri e-acinc lanas ana the count- CSS millions of Asia, who now are lookng greedily in this direction. • As Britain is increasingly weakened rom within by the Socialist canker, she s shedding her Imperial responsibilities n the Pacific; and, for defence reasons lustralia is obliged to assume these. • Already, there is an understanding 1 mutual assistance and defence between Australia and the United States; and, in hat connection, Australia is expected by America to assume all Possible responibility for the defence of the Southwest nd (in partnership with New Zealand) he South Pacific TTntil ttt-ov. tt j Until Woild War II and, more specially, until most of Asia came under he domination of the Red Muscovites— mstralia officially was reluctant to accept ny developmental responsibilities in the slands. In her view, she had all the olonising work she wanted within her wn vast borders. The events of the last iecade have changed all that. Long beore the surrender of Japan, it was aparent that there was no future for Euro- 'cans in the Pacific, except under Amerian protection. Which reminds us of lanus. mstrXn tocllisf'Government °were dominated by its sectional hatreds and complexes; but even its best friends cannot explain its extraordinary action over the Manus Base. This is taken from page 396 of a new book by James A Michener, just published in America- Guinea man can p. ssib ,y cotepreaJhS “17 ‘ tt ,e ‘ "eaS naval establishments in history. It was a city larger than Sacramento. It had naval stores warth a ha,f billion dollars, i was at Manus i'eyTe and U thJ ra Jn£?« arinK H V* e J n l vasion °J i-eyie, and in the endless roadstead I saw 26 carriers, dozens of battleships and actually hundreds of lesser craft. Vet the great anchorage—absolutely protected by coral reef—looked empty- “ America requested permission to retain the ba * e ' at her ex P ense - Australia refused, why, "" b a ody kI V OWS - Manus was of only minor im- Australian defend ™?\* a i bso,ute . ,y , vital 1° incredible wealth of Manus. aifd barrel to Chinese wholesalers and carried off to make Hong Kong fortunes, “Now the once great base is a shambles" an echo of the protecting bastion it might have be .!"- 1 have heard men in New Guinea stutter speaking ° ¥ f f the fo »y- There 1 °” ly one sav,n e S ra <*: ‘lf we ever get into trouble again, your blokes’ll be able to use the anchorage—if somebody else doesn’t grab it first.’ ” the appointment of a man skilled in ** international affairs as her new, full-time Minister for Territories and by creating a new post of Special Adviser to the Minister, the Australian Government has indicated its acceptance of new obligations, and a new orientation of Pacific affairs. The changes are of direct and special interest to Papua-New Guinea; but they have a wider application, and affect all Territories eastward. th“vfe“t' thaf whilf son for holding the Papua-New Guinea area is related to defence, the best basis for defence is a strongly-established Australian economy in the Islands. Hence, private enterprise must be encouraged in every reasonable way—though not necessarily to the prejudice of native interests and welfare.

In this way, the new Minister has been set a pretty task—that of reconciling the Ward-Murray Socialist set-up (which frankly placed native welfare first, to the exclusion of all other interests) with this later conception of Australia’s obligations.

He also must keep the fanatics of the Trusteeship Council out of the picture.

In the past, encouraged by the absurdities ol Evatt-Ward idealism, they have been permitted to take too big a part n the formulation of F-NG policies.

Judged by his writings, the new Minister himself holds some rather strong views regarding the welfare of primitive, native races; in this regard, he and Professor J.

K. Murray probably will find themselves in agreement on many points. But Mr, Hasluck is looked upon as a man who can keep his head out of the clouds and his feet on the hard, unimaginative earth; and there is not much room for idealism in either the world picture or the Pacific picture to-day.

IF Mr. Hasluck, as Minister, controls the Australian-Pacific scene, he will find Mr. J. R. Halligan, his new Adviser, of very real value to him, and to Australia. Few know the Islands’ background better than the competent, muchexperienced and incorruptible “Reg.”

However, he will bring to all Pacific problems the one-track mind of the Public Service bureaucrat and the trained accountant; and, because Pacific problems demand to-day a large dash of vision and imagination, as well as realism, it would be a calamity if the scetfe were dominated by the former Secretary of External Territories Department. But a balanced

combination of Hasluck and Halligan might open a new, and a comparatively happy era, in the South Pacific.

AT this stage, all developments in relation to the future of the British Solomon Islands and the New Hebrides Condominium assume first interest.

Talks on this subject which last year took place at high Ministerial levels in London and Paris apparently have got nowhere.

They were inspired by the restless and imaginative Mr. Spender; and now Mr.

Spender is gone to another sphere. Critics deprecate the suggestion that Australia should have a direct responsibility in the two archipelagoes—Australia, they say, will acquire nothing but headaches in either group, which are economically of little value.

That is perfectly true. But the British economy in both Hebrides and Solomons already is 90 per cent. Australian: and. if Australia holds eastern New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago and guards western New Guinea for security reasons, she cannot logically remain indifferent to Solomons and Hebrides. Guadalcanal proved that, in 1942-44. Solomons and Hebrides are closer than New Guinea to the industrial, economic and administrative heart of Australia.

What applies to New Guinea applies equally to both Solomons and Hebrides —namely, if they are to be our line of defence, they must be strongly integrated with our economy. That means development by the encouragement of private enterprise. The outlook for any kind of development, in either Territory, under present administrative conditions, is pretty hopeless. Under Australian encouragement, it could improve. It should not be forgotten that Australia is the owner of very large areas of good land in the New Hebrides—the gift of the late Sir James Bums.

New responsibilities for Australia in Solomons and Hebrides could be expensive and embarrassing—but, sooner or later, those groups must come completely within the Australian orbit.

CONTACT with New Hebrides would bring another problem to Australia —namely, the future of the French Colonies in the South Pacific, especially New Caledonia and the French side of the New Hebrides. If—as so many thinkers insist—there must be eventually a struggle between Europeans and Asiatics for possession of the South Pacific territories, to what extent can the English-sneaking nations denend unon the French for cooperation in defence preparations, and support in the ultimate contest?

Consideration of this question involves a mental survev of conditions in the French Colonial Empire, and of political developments in the Mother Country. It is true that Britain, like France, is torn and weakened by Socialist activities and conspiracies; and still we do not despair of Britain. But there is a fundamental difference between the two Empires. Even if Britain were paralysed by the Reds, the younger Britains in Canada. Australia, New Zealand and Africa would carry on, as allies of the United States; but there is no self-contained French nation outside of France.

IN Dutch New Guinea, and in French' New Caledonia and Hebrides, the young Australian Minister for Territories has, so to speak, one or two international headaches.

Some of those headaches, presented from another angle, may come to focus in that new body, the South Pacific Commission, with its headquarters now in French territory. When the new Secretary- General takes office, shortly, this body will look to Britain for administrative machinery, to Australia for a large slice of its revenue, and to France for accommodation; but where will it look for inspiration?

If the Commission is to live usefully, it must have inspiration and drive from at least one of the six nations that created it. So far, the main inspiration has come from its own Research Council, and the drive from the young Secretary-General who now has departed. That is not enough.

There is a great job to be done by the South Pacific Commission; and 1951-53 will be its testing-years. All the nations concerned are friendly and co-operative; but, unless Australia, as the chief South Pacific nation, is dominant in this thing —and dominant because she is really interested and enthusiastic —the Commission will not survive.

ALL this applies particularly west of the Date-line. Eastward of that, Australia’s responsibilities continue, but they are shared substantially with New Zealand.

To a degree not generally recognised, educational, medical, defence and transportation services, provided and directed by the smaller Dominion, extend all over Fiji, Western Samoa, Tonga and Cook Islands; and. within a few weeks, a new New Zealand air service will link French Oceania with Suva, Auckland and Sydney.

There are signs of a close and increasing co-ordination of Australian and New Zealand policies in relation to Pacific affairs. Even as this is written. Prime Minister Holland of New Zealand is in consultation with Prime Minister Menzies in Australia; and both of these British anti-Red Governments to-day seem to be in closer and happier contact with Washington than they are with London.

The Missionaries, and the Returned Soldiers, and New Guinea THERE are reports that the Australian Board of Missions—which represents in Australia the Church of England missionary organisation in Papua—is promotmg a petition to the Australian Government, asking that steps be taken to prevent returned soldier settlements in the Territories. They want the land kept as a close preserve for natives—and missl ° l } a^. s - .

If this is so, it almost certainly will provoke a lively exchange with the Returned Soldiers League. The Australian president of the latter organisation, very recently, in urging Australia to properly recogmse her defence obligations in Papua-New Guinea, said that the Pacific lerritones which the Commonwealth controls should become “Australia’s Seventh State.”

The President of the RSL, perhaps, was almost too realistic. The Anglican missionaries, unquestionably, are not realist enough.

This is no Christian world, in which the fundamental rights of man take precedence over all other considerations.

This is a cruel, brutal, ruthless world, in which we now have little choice; we must align ourselves with one side or the other in a struggle in which only one side will survive. The plain choice is between Western civilisation, in which the common man is conceded some rights as an individual, and Muscovite Communism, in which nothing counts except the dictatorship of a brutal and merciless materialism.

With the greatest respect and sympathy, we listen to the pleas by the Colonel Murrays and Father Bensons of the Territories on behalf of the natives.

In anything like normal times, we concede much to such men, when they give their first thought to native welfare. But these are not normal times. Our first consideration, surely, is our own defence, and the protection of the standards of human conduct and decency which we have created in a thousand years of sociological struggle.

We are in Papua-New Guinea primarily because that is our first line of defence against Red Asia. The better the economic organisation we can establish in Papua- New Guinea, the stronger is our defence line. The more Europeans we can settle in P-NG, the greater will be our economic strength.

Even if soldier settlements are established all over P-NG, the good Anglican missionaries of North-east Papua should not worry—there is plenty of room in the huge islands for hundreds of thousands of Europeans, plus the present li million natives. There is not the least chance, with the present Administrative set-up, that the natives will be “exploited.” As a matter of fact, they never were exploited. The myth of exploitation was deliberately created by the Wards and Evatts of Australia to open the way for the introduction of their disastrous Socialist Administration. That unhappy era is ended—or about to end.

The Anglican missionaries seem inclined to become emotional over the sufferings and sacrifices and loyalties of the natives who carried for our troops in wartime. Those natives gave splendid service —but the real heroes of that jungle war surely were the Australians and Americans who fought it out to the death in the most ghastly campaigning terrain in the world. Do the Anglican missionaries ignore the appeal and the logic of those endless lines of white crosses in the Australian cemeteries of Papua-New Guinea?

The ‘‘Fuzzy-wuzzy Angels” were fine.

But if they had not been kept on the job by the example and spirit of the Australian soldiers they would never have been heard of.

If Australia does not hold New Guinea.

New Guinea almost certainly will be overrun by Asiatics. Let the missionaries ask themselves what then would be the fate of the natives.

The Christian missionaries of Papua- New Guinea—and, prominent among them, the Anglicans of the north-east coast—have done a magnificent job. Let them, as in the past, give their energy and devotion to the mission field, and leave politics and policy-making to the realists of this tortured world. Otherwise, they may blot their record.

Fall In Rubber Prices

AS a result of the decision of the Anglo-American countries to cut off rubber supplies to Red China, the world price of rubber slumped sharply in mid-M*ay, and this was reflected in the rates offering in Papua. The price, however, remains at a rate that Papuan producers find quite profitable.

Ratu Josefa Cakobau, a member of the chiefly family of Somo Somo, Cakaudrove.

Fiji, died in Suva on May 1 after a short illness. During the first World War he went to France as a member of the Fiji Labour Corps. In his youth he was a Rugby footballer and a boxer. 6 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

New Administrative

Set-Uf For P Ng

Mr. J. R. Halligan Is Special Adviser to Minister A USTRALIA’S New Minister for Terri- \ tories, Mr. Paul Hasluck, MP, took charge of his Department during Jay and, in recent weeks, has been laking himself acquainted with multiudinous files, and with conditions in the ’erritories he now controls—namely, the Forthern Territory of Australia, Papua- Few Guinea, Nauru and Norfolk Island.

Although arrangements have not yet een finalised, Mr. Hasluck expects to isit the chief centres of Papua-New luinea at a very early date.

Since mid-May, some important changes i the system of administration, as affectig the Australian Territories, have been nnounced.

Mr. J. R. Halligan

Mr. James Reginald Halligan, who has een closely associated with Australia’s eternal territories since 1922 —mostly as ruef executive officer and latterly as ecretary of the Department—has been opointed Special Adviser to the Minister ir Territories.

Mr. Halligan is 58 years of age, and has sen a member of the Commonwealth üblic Service since 1911. He has filled lany positions connected with the Tertories. He is a qualified accountant, and olds the Diploma of Commerce of Mellurne University. He was an accountant i the New Guinea Administration in )22, and he had a spell as a Deputy Ad- Linistrator in Norfolk Island in 1937. He as taken some part in practically all ustralian activities relating to Australian erritories, and he has represented Aus- ■alia before the Trusteeship Council teetings, at Lake Success, on two occaons.

MR. C. R. LAMBERT Mr. Cecil Ralph Lambert, formerly irector of Northern Territories Affairs in le Department of the Interior, takes Mr. a lligan’s ace as Secreiry of the epartment o f x t e r n a_l ffairs, which 0 w controls 1 e Northern erritory. H e 52 years old, id has spent s working f e in the )mmonwealth iblic Service, pecially i n i e sections ncerned with onomics. He notable for le outstandg work he id for the aral Bank in 3W where, tiong other ings, he was ven the task reconstructg four million acres of worn-out and er-capitalised wheat lands. Those who low him well rate him highly.

“Political Considerations”

The Australian Prime Minister, Mr. enzies, commenting on the new appointents, said: The administration of the territories volves very difficult political considera- >ns on the international level.

“Through various agencies, such as the Trusteeship Council of the United Nations and the South Pacific Commrnission, a concerted international effort is being made for the benefit of backward peoples.

"The new Adviser, who will be freed of routine administration, will be engaged chiefly on matters arising from Australia's membership of and responsibility to the United Nations’ Trusteeship Council, and will also be Senior Commissioner on the South Pacific Commission.”

It may be noted that Territories Minister Hasluck and Adviser Halligan will now have in their care a complicated and more or less inter-connected set-up comprising the following Australian Government responsibilities and instrumentalities: Australian Northern Territory, with several subsidiary boards and branches.

The combined Territory of Papua-New Guinea.

The Territories of Nauru and Norfolk Island.

The Australian-New Guinea Production Control Board.

A branch of the Australian Directorate of Shipping, which runs the coastal services in Papua-New Guinea.

The Australian School of Pacific Administration, with headquarters in Sydney.

The South Pacific Commission, with headquarters in Noumea.

The Trusteeship Council (headquarters at Lake Success) watching New Guinea and Nauru.

Each of these establishments has problems peculiar to itself; and some are literally clamouring for Ministerial attention.

Mr. Halligan is now Australia’s Senior Commissioner on the South Pacific Commission; and, as reported elsewhere, the Secretary-Generalship of that body is to be taken over shortly by the retiring Governor of Fiji, Sir Brian Frees ton, who takes the place of Mr. R. D. Forsyth, a distinguished young Australian who organised the establishment of the Commission.

Planters’ Deputation To

MINISTER Papua-New Guinea residents now hope that, under the arrangements outlined above, they will get quicker movement and prompt decisions in Territories affairs. For years, owing to political troubles and Ministerial changes, there have been confusion and delay in such matters.

At the end of May, in Sydney, the new Minister (Mr. Hasluck) was interviewed, on behalf of the New Guinea Planters' Association, by a deputation comprising Colonel H. T. Allan, Mr. E. T. Fulton and Mi*. Jack Allen. They placed before him various data relating to the Copra Stabilisation Fund, the price paid for copra under the MOF contract, the low price charged Australian copra crushers by the Production Control Board, the delay in bringing in the new Land Titles Ordinance, and various associated matters The Minister carefully noted the deputation’s statements, and said he would try to give decisions as soon as he had acquainted himself personally with the matters under review.

Deputy Administrators

The Minister told the PIM that some time probably would elapse before he would make a statement about the appointment of the two Deputy Administrators, for which positions applications were invited eight months ago. (There is a belief in some quarters that these appointments now may not be made—but the Minister would not comment on that.) The Minister indicated that he was keenly interested in representations that had been made to him about the MOF contract—namely, that the New Guinea planters were receiving an unfair price, because the £ Sterling had been depreciated substantially after the contract was made.

Sir Brian Freeston

To be Secretary-General of South Pacific Commission 11HE Governor of Fiji and High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Sir Brian Freeston, in May, formally accepted the post of Secretary-General of the South Pacific Commission, which was offered to him by the Commission when it met in Noumea at the end of April.

Sir Brian’s term of appointment to his present post expires in January, 1952, and it had been arranged that he should leave Fiji on long leave in September, and retire from the British Colonial Service in the following January. That arrangement will be adhered to; but Sir Brian, about November, after the close of the Eighth Session of the Commission, will take up his permanent residence in Noumea (headquarters of the Commission).

The present Secretary-General of the Commission, Mr. W. D. Forsyth, will leave Noumea this month, to rejoin the Commonwealth Australian Federal Service, and probably will be appointed to a high post overseas, under the Department of External Affairs.

The Deputy Secretary-General, Mr.

John Ryan, will carry on the chief secretarial duties at Noumea until Sir Brian takes over.

Sir Brian Freeston, of course, is thoroughly familiar with the activities of the Commission: he has been, since its inception, Senior Commissioner for the United Kingdom, and has taken a keen interest in the organisation.

No Air Service for Tonga?

NUKUALOFA, May 19.

IT has been announced here that the regular air service connecting Tonga with Suva and Auckland, on the one side, and Samoa, on the other, will cease to operate as from June 30, and we apparently will be without an air service after that.

As announced on page 25, Tasman Empire Airways soon will commence a flying-boat service between Auckland and Tahiti, via Fiji, Samoa and Cook Islands.

At present, NZ National Airways run a land-plane service between Auckland, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa and Cook Islands. It has not been reported that the latter service is being modified; but it seems likely that TEA, running along the same route, will take over some of the NZ National Airways services, and that Tonga is beingwiped out, as part of the rearrangement.

Tonga’S Crown Prince On

Visit To Britain

PRINCE TUGI, the distinguished young Tongan who is the heir to the throne of Tonga, has gone on a visit to Britain, as a guest of the Government, on the occasion of the Festival of Britain.

Prince Tugi arrived at Nadi (Fiji international airport) on June 4, where he was met by the Governor of Fiji (Sir Brian Freeston). He spent two days in Fiji, and on the 6th he went on by air to Europe. He expects to return to Tonga in August.

So far as we know, this is the first time a ruler or heir-apparent of Tonga has visited the headquarters of the Empire.

Mr. Lambert. 7 ACIFIC ISLANDS MON T (H Y-Ju N B . 1951

New Guinea’S Lost Land

REGISTERS Ordinance to Meet Difficulty Caused by Jap Invasion THE long-awaited Lands Title Ordinance of New Guinea is out at last, and soon will be in .general circulation.

The fact that most of the Mandated Territory’s land registers and records were lost in the war has caused enormous inconvenience, delay and loss —especially among those interests anxious to proceed with the erection, or re-erection, of buildings.

The prenaration of the Ordinance was a task of great complexity, demanding almost endless research, and the fact that it has required five years of preparation is not surprising.

In an article in the May issue of South Pacific (the journal of the Australian School of Pacific Administration), Mr.

Ewart Smith, who was a legal draftsman for the Department of External Territories and is now a solicitor in practice in Sydney, describes “The Restoration of Lost Titles to Land in New Guinea.” He says that this is a novel piece of legislation, “the circumstances of the complete loss and destruction of official land registers not having previously confronted the English-speaking world.”

Elaborate provisions are made for the “compilation of new Registers and Official Records relating to Land Mining and Forestry ... in place of those lost or destroyed during the Japanese Invasion ...” No attempt will be made to re-constitute the old German Grundbuch, known as the Land Register.

Provision is made by elaborate machinery for the incorporation, in the new organisation, of all that has been done in relation to land since the re-establishment of civil administration in 1945.

Much work by lawyers, and by the Administration, has to be done before the new machinery begins to operate smoothly —which probably will be in 1952. There is pro/ision, however, for dealing quickly with many urgent cases now before the Department of Lands.

Miss Harriett Baker, for many years a Methodist Missionary, died in Sydney in April. She was a daughter of the Rev.

Thomas Baker, who was killed by Fijians in the early mission days in that Group.

Building Activity Around Port Moresby

Tofua Should Be On

Job This Year

IF New Zealand has cleaned up its water-front-shipping troubles by then, residents of the South Pacific should see the new Union Steamship Co. ship Tofua by the end of this year.

Tofua, a 5,300 ton motor-ship was launched at Dumbarton recently by Mrs.

W. L. Dawes, wife of a member of the USS Co.’s London advisory board. The ship should be completed by the end of September.

Tofua will supplement the service carried on (when watersiders and seamen are willing) between Auckland, NZ and Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, by the motor-vessel Matua.

The company hopes that eventually one of these ships will be used on a direct service between one of NZ South Island ports and Fiji and Tonga, leaving the other vessel to cater for the requirements of Western Samoa and the Cook Islands.

Canada Wants To Buy Copra

Direct From Fiji, N. Guinea

(CANADIAN Government officials are: J increasingly critical of Britain’s longterm raw-materials contracts with British countries. If these countries were freed from the contracts, they say, it. would mean much bigger dollar earningsi all round.

One of the points of criticism is Southi Pacific copra which at present is bought: from all British possessions in the Southi Pacific under long-term Ministry of Foodl agreements (at about half the worldl parity price).

Canada would like to buy copra direct; from Fiji and Papua-New Guinea and selll to these countries the cars, canned fishi and other products which are not now\ available to Britishers in the Southern Hemisphere. Last year, Canada wasE forced to buy 5 million dollars worth ofl copra from the Philippines at world parity prices because the United Kingdom hade Fiji and New Guinea copra sewn up in MGF contracts.

There should be, as there once was, a natural exchange of goods between Canada, on the northern extremity of the Pacific Ocean, and the South Pacific countries. We need Canada’s manufactured goods and Canada needs our tropical and semi-tropical nroduce. But since the wizards of Whitehall have begun dividing the world into tight little areas of hard or soft currency, the trade has withered away and the shipping routes which were established last century to carry the trade have become moribund.

The London reaction to Canada’s outsnokenness was on the usual pattern. Mn Gordon-Walker, Minister for Commonwealth Relations, “can see no early pros-, nect of relaxing present restrictions on trade with Canada.”

That is what Mr. Gordon-Walker thinks?

It is possible, however, that the UK will one dav have a change of government ano a change of policy although mos< governments, these days, seem imbueo: with the desire to “control.” And onu control starts a chain action that ends in a complete tangle of red tape.

At the annual meeting of the NSW 181 Footer’s League in July, a move will b»c made to sail the next world’s championshiji in Suva, Fiji, instead of in Auckland. Thr race would be sailed about the end oc May, 1952.

Mr. J. Hill, fishing master of the tunr clipper, Senibua, which returned to Fiji from Australian waters some time ago; has gone back to Sydney.

Building is going on around Port Moresby— administrative centre of Papua-New Guinea —at a breath-taking rate. The above photographs were taken by the PIM on April 27 to show some of the recent additions to the town—and the resting-place of some of the millions which Australia, official and non-official, is pouring into the Territories.

TOP.—This is a part of the little suburb which the Works and Housing Department has built, four miles out of Port Moresby, near the airfield, to house part of its European staff.

CENTRE (left). —A number of new buildings are being erected on the distant hilltop for the accommodation of a new radio station. This is about three miles out of Moresby. CENTRE (right).—This is the very charming little suburb. 2½ miles out of Moresby, erected by the Australian Petroleum Co., to house part of the large European staff engaged in the search for oil in Papua. Ocean in the right background.

LOWER (left). —Just a corner of the large excavation fronting the port, where Steamships Trading Company is now erecting a very large new department store. LOWER (right).— Native technicians are erecting new offices for the Department of Education at Konedubu, the Administration suburb of Moresby.

But see article elsewhere in this issue— troubles are gathering. The supply of cement and building materials is rapidly running out. 8 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT H L If

Solomons And New

HEBRIDES New Minister Knows Nothing of Reported Transfer Plans ALTHOUGH discussions concerning the future of the British Protectorate of Solomon Islands and the Anglo- French Condominium of New Hebrides took place at Ministerial level, in London and Paris, while Mr. P. C. Spender held the joint Australian portfolios of External Affairs and Territories, no decisions appear to have been reached in London or Canberra.

The new Minister for Territories, Mr.

Hasiuck, told the PIM in May that, although he had seen references in the newspapers to a plan for transferring British interests in one or both Territories to Australian Administration, he knew nothing whatever officially about the matter.

Meanwhile, the headquarters staff of the Western Pacific Commission (responsible for Solomons and British side of New Hebrides), which is under transfer from Fiji, is settling down at Honiara (Solomon Islands).

Canadians Take Relief To

Fanning Island

ON its homeward voyage, after its Australian Jubilee visit, the Canadian cruiser Ontario gave a practical demonstration of Empire cooperation.

Difficulties in arranging for ships to call at the Cable Station at Fanning Island—a coral atoll some 2,000 miles north of Fiji—had upset plans for supplies and relief staff.

An appeal by the Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia), who staff and provision the Cable Station on behalf of Cable and Wireless Ltd., London, was met and promptly acceded to by the Canadians. The Ontario took on board both relief cable staff and supplies, including frozen meat, and these were successfully landed on Fanning Island at the end of May.

This station is a vital relay point in the Pacific cable which links Australia and New Zealand with Canada. The Fanning Is.-Bamfield (Canada) cable is the longest unbroken stretch of submarine cable in the w0r1d—3,450 miles.

NEW MANAGER FOR FANNING IS.

In transit between the Cable Stations at Southport, Queensland, and Fanning Island are Mr. and Mrs. F. S. Sutherland and family.

They left Australia by fiying-boat on May 28 for Suva, whence Mr. Sutherland will proceed by the “Comliebank,” while Mrs. Sutherland will join him when other transport is available. Mrs. Sutherland (formerly Miss Joan Rayner) will be at home at Suva, where she lived for a number of years.

During 25 years in the Cable Service, Mr. Sutherland has served at Adelaide, Suva. Fanning Island, Darwin, Southport.

Cottesloe and in England. This time he goes to Fanning Island as Station Manager.

While owned by Cable and Wireless, Ltd., London, the Fanning Is. station is staffed and provisioned, on behalf of the company by Overseas Telecommunications Commission (Australia).

Patrol posts are being set up on the Australian side of the Papua-New Guinea- Dutch New Guinea border to stop possible infiltration by Indonesians.

Red-Raggers Delay

DEPARTURE

Of Liner Aorangi

THE Central Pacific communities, already suffering from the shipping dislocations caused by the strikes in New Zealand, will now have more troubles, caused by the hold-up of the trans-Pacific liner Aorangi.

The Aorangi was due to leave Sydney for Auckland, Suva and Vancouver, on June 7: but, a few days before that, the seamen left the ship because of political trouble. Healy, the Red leader of the Watersiders, is being prosecuted by the Menzies Government, and the Aorangi seamen left their jobs, in protest.

It was announced on June 6 that the departure of the liner has been postponed indefinitely.

Because of high costs, the Union SS Co. withdrew the liner from the Pacific service, last year. She was restored when the Australian and NZ Governments provided a subsidy. Now, she is idle again.

Australia now is so completely under the domination of “red-raggers” that her shipping business is in serious disorganisation, and all supplies of essential goods —especially foodstuffs —are shrinking steadily.

Flying-Boat Hits Reef

WITH 19 adult passengers, one infant, and a crew of eight on board, a Qantas Sandringham flying-boat hit a reef while taking off from Vila, New Hebrides, on June 10.

The pilot is believed to have swerved to avoid a native canoe which suddenly appeared in the take-off area.

The flying-boat sank in 10 feet of water, but all on board were rescued.

It is not known yet whether the aircraft can be salvaged.

Sent Away Again

Extraordinary Treatment of French Mail Plane in Cook Is.

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, May 9.

THE fortnightly mail and passenger service planned by Air Tahiti between Papeete and Aitutaki was inaugurated on May 4, when the Gruman- Mallard seaplane left at 6.20 a.m. for the Cook Islands, with a heavy load of mails. It can carry 10 passengers.

On April 26, the plane, when leaving the harbour for Raiatea, had struck a reef. Damage was not serious, however, and was soon repaired.

But when the plane descended in Aitutaki. it was approached only by persons wearing gloves and masks. It then was realised that Tahiti, from the New Zealand viewpoint is infected with Polio, and is Tabu.

The flight time, Papeete-Aitutaki, is 3hours.

The Tahiti plane was given petrol, but the attendants would not accept the paper money tendered in payment by Captain Pommier. It was not allowed to land its mails, and the New Zealanders would not hand over the 24 sacks of mail for Tahiti which had accumulated at Aitutaki.

The seaplane returned to Papeete with its load —surely the most extraordinary incident in the dismal record of the many attempts to establish an air-mail service for Tahiti.

PAPEETE. May 27.

It is now announced that the long dispute between the airways companies is over, and the Air Tahiti fortnightly service will run regularly, commencing June 1.

Lincoln heavy bombers of No. 82 Wing RAAF will shortly hold exercises from Momote airfield, Los Negros, Admiralty Group, New Guinea.

Red Cross Activities In Fiji

This photograph, taken recently at Government House, Suva, Fiji, shows trainees of Red Cross infant welfare classes which are among the many activities of the Fiji branch of the Society (formed April, 1950). At the Government House function, Lady Freeston (shown centre, in striped frock), who is president of the local branch, handed certificates to the successful candidates Back row, left to right: H. Parham, M. E. Emberson, MereSeini Turagava, Lusiana Nabou, B.

Parham. Adi Eci Uluilakeba. Front row: Elenoa Tunjdau, Zainab Buksh, Lady Freeston, Shyam Prasad, J. Lane. —Fiji p u bu c Relations Office photo. 9 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

Late sir Hubert Murray Fund For A Memorial A LETTER was received recently from England, from Lady Murray, widow of the late Sir Hubert Murray, asking what had become of the fund established some years ago, to provide a memorial to the life and achievements of the distinguished former Administrator of Papua. We referred the inquiry to Mr.

E. A. James, of Port Moresby, and the following is his reply: “As advised some years ago, the moneys collected pre-war for this fund were held by Mr. Nevitt and myself as Trustees; and, as the amount collected, namely £l9B, was considered insufficient to carry out any worthwhile memorial, we were most concerned as to what action could be taken.

“We consulted with His Honour, the Administrator who, after a lapse of time, has consented to take over the Fund, with the certainty of some financial assistance from the Government in carrying out a suitable memorial.

“Accordingly, Mr. Nevitt and I have assigned our interest in the Fund’s money, represented by War Savings Certificates having the face value of £248, to the Administration.”

Probably, the inclination of the present Administration will be to spend the £248, in some special way, on native welfare, and call that a Memorial.

The simple and sensible thing to do, which probably would most please the late Sir Hubert’s relations and friends, would be to spend the available money on the erection of a plain stone memorial in a central position in Port Moresby, where future generations may be reminded of the former Administrator’s name and achievements.

It is ten years since he died, and already there has appeared on the scene a generation who remember little and care less about Sir Hubert Murray.

Pacific Islands Society

4N address based on his experiences as a Resident Magistrate in Papua before World War II was given to members of the Pacific Islands Society, at their May meeting, by Mr. Alec Rentoul, who retired some years ago from the Papuan Public Service. The address contained many amusing anecdotes, and some valuable reflections on the problem of governing the New Guinea natives; and It will be published, later, in this journal.

The next meeting of the Society—at which all Islands visitors are welcome— will be held in History House, 8 Young Street, Sydney, on Wednesday evening, June 27.

New Guinea Women’S Club

Annual Meeting THE annual general meeting and election of office bearers of the New Guinea Women’s Club of Sydney, will be held in the Feminist Club Rooms, 77 King Street, Sydney on July 19 at 11 a.m.

Montevideo Sinking Commemoration Members of the Club and their friends will meet at the Cenotaph in Martin Place, Sydney, at 3 p.m. on July 1. This is an annual pilgrimage in memory of those men of New Guinea who were lost when the Japanese ship, Montevideo Maru, carrying New Guinea prisoners of w ,a r jmd civilian internees, was sunk with all hands on July 1, 1942, while en route to Japan from Rabaul.

More Complaints About P-Ng Little Ships

Bad Equipment Causes Losses and Congestion From a Special Correspondent THE shipping position in this (Buka- Bougainville) end of the Territory is really most serious. The ships just can’t handle the copra being produced and it is piling up in every copra shed in Bougainville and Buka.

It is estimated that there are about 50,000 bags on the coast now. Some plantations have ceased production because of lack of room, food shortages and shortages of essential supplies.

One man, at Kieta, had 40 natives from New Guinea—new recruits—held up for two months in Rabaul, because of lack of shipping, and they eost him four shillings each per day—that means well over £4OO for their sustenance, and two months of their time gone.

The plantations at Kieta have been five and six months without a ship. Stores at Kieta and some Government stations have been out of supplies.

The whole thing is really a horrible mess; and present shipping cannot even keep pace with production, let alone pick up the lag. What to do no one knows.

The PCB is going round in the usual —ever decreasing—circles, but that doesn’t help the producers much.

I am informed that the PCB says that copra cannot now be carried on hatches, as it gets wet. That’s farcical, as more copra gets wet from their leaky surf boats and leaky bilges than ever gets wet on the hatches. This ruling cuts down the carrying capacity of each ship quite a lot. I have not checked on this new ruling, but I believe the report is correct.

I enclose some photographs which show what happened a little while ago at a plantation below T Kieta. The surf boat — particularly leaky—just sank at the ship’s side, and you can see the copra boat being retrieved, and the boys swimming over the spot where the boat sank.

All the ships’ boats are bad. Much rice is spoiled.

Recently, at Jame, a sling was lowered to a surf boat waiting to receive it. Owing to a faulty winch and incompetent boys, the sling was lowered onto the side of the waiting boat, and she heeled over and partly filled with water, and 10 bags of rice, at £7O a ton —and badly wanted — were destroyed. That same ship, when loading, and owing to the faulty winch, capsized another surf boat, and 20 bags of copra were totally immersed. Then the PCB says copra gets wet on the hatches!

Control Of The Ships

A PLANTER, writing about the same time as our correspondent, says that the smaller New Guinea copraproducers are not happy about the plan to give control of the coastal shipping into the hands of the Big Firms. They think that, as the Big Firms themselves own plantations, and have favourites among the planters, the routing of the ships may be arranged to take care of particular rather than of general interests.

This matter was brought before the Administrator (Colonel Murray) and Mr.

J. R. Halligan by a deputation of planters whom they met in Rabaul at the end of April. The planters asked that the routing of the ships be controlled by the PCB, in consultation with a representative of the Planters’ Association.

Mr. A. K. Reynolds of the Works and Housing Department, Madang, New Guinea, was recently married to Miss J.

Lyndon of the Tusbab Education Centre staff, Madang.

Native Regiment Marches In Papua

The newly-formed Papuan Infantry Regiment marching in Port Moresby on Jubilee Day, May 24.

It was the first appearance of the recruits in their new uniforms. —Photo by Papuan Prints. 10 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Bcd’S Troubles

Officials Close the Airfield AFTER many long years of successful management and high profits, Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., the New Guinea money-spinner, is being embarrassed by factors outside the Directors’ control — namely, Australian Socialism, bad country, and bureaucratic interference.

The Company, in May, announced a reduction in its dividend from 20 to 15 per cent.

The industrial trouble, and the dwindling returns from a patch of poor country, are described in an article on page 31. The bureaucratic trouble deserves an article to itself!

Ever since BGD opened up the rich flats of the lower Bulolo by making a bold and courageous use of air transport, 20 years ago, the Bulolo airfield has been used regularly, by all classes of aircraft, in all kinds of weather; and we have no recollection of any serious mishap there.

NovV, the officials of the Department of Civil Aviation—of whom there seems to be an extraordinary number in Papua-New Guinea —have decided, in their wisdom, that the airfield is not safe for large aircraft: and, as a result, the airfield is out of action, except for small aircraft.

Meanwhile, as BGD simply must get fresh (refrigerated) foodstuffs to their township, other urgent measures have had to be taken.

Fortunately, the interference of the DCA officials has not been the calamity that it might have been before the war.

Then, the community was wholly dependent on aircraft. To-day, there is available the motor road constructed by the Army, BGD engineers set to w T ork to build a mobile refrigerator that will hold 15,000 pounds of goods. Mounted on a diesel truck, it made its first run down to Lae at the end of May, and came back in seven hours. The cargo carried well and arrived in excellent condition.

New Cargo Vessel

FOR

Bp Islands Services

ANEW motor cargo vessel of 3,750 tons, named Malekula, is now under construction on the Clyde, and should be placed in the Bums Fhilp Pacific Islands services early in 1952, it is announced in the annual report of Burns Philp & Co., Ltd.

The directors report a net profit of £315,264 (an increase of £12,530 on the figure for 1949-50) earned in the year ended March 31.

Gross profit rose from £2,295,340 to £2,671,907. Salaries, wages, expenses, etc., md taxation absorbed £1,872,037 (£1,719,560 for 1949-50), and depreciation £402,287 (£208,583).

Unchanged dividend of 12 J per cent, required £250,000 and £50,000 is again idded to reserve (making it £1,500,000).

Assets total £10,902,245.

Deadly Snake Kills Woman

IN PAPUA IT is not generally known that the world’s deadliest snake, the taipan, is found in Papua and New Guinea, as veil as in Northeast Australia.

Two taipans were reported in Port Vloresby at the end of April. A woman vas bitten when working in her garden in Hanuabada village, and died hr 20 minutes. Later, a taipan was sighted mder a lavatory in the Papuan police jarracks, Konedobu, and was killed by a Samarai man, with a long pole.

A professional snake collector was killed W a taipan in Queensland, last year.

Toa’S New Sydney-Moresby

SERVICE THE new weekly flyingboat service between Sydney and Port Moresby, inaugurated by a special Solent flight at the end of May (see special article in Magazine Section of this issue) is now being run regularly by Trans Oceanic Airways.

TOA, through a reciprocal arrangement with Mandated Airlines, books passengers to all parts of Fapua-New Guinea.

Passengers change from flyingboat to land planes at Moresby.

It Was The Planters—

Not A Volcano!

RUMOURS of a new volcano in Bougainville are reported: but indications are that conditions in the area referred to are much the same as they have been for years (writes Mr. F.

P. Archer, of Jame Plantation, Buka Passage, New Guinea).

But I think that Mounts Bagana and Balbe (in the interior of Bougainville) have been showing more activity than I have seen for years. Last year, while standing on my jetty at Jame on a clear day, I saw the smoke of Bagana going up in a great column, and mushroom-like effect of smoke (like the pictures of the atom-bomb explosions) over Balbe—the first time I had seen anything like this in 24 years’ residence.

Since then I have carefully measured the distance from Balbe to Jame. Praise be, it is over 50 miles!

There may be a new volcano growling in the south; but I think it’s more likely to have been the planters, who all are seething over the very unsatisfactory shipping service we are getting.

When Mrs. J. K. Murray, wife of the Administrator of New r Guinea, was in Brisbane In May she was the guest of Mrs. Doris Booth, of Bulolo, at her Brisbane flat.

Drinks At Five!

High Bp Executive On

World Tour

DEATH OF JOHN GRAHAM-

Taylor, Of Taveuni

ONE of Fiji’s oldest, best-known and most successful coconut planters passed on on May 25, when Mr. John Graham-Taylor died peacefully at his old home, Undu Kacu, on Taveuni, at the age of 74. In the presentee of nearly every person on the island, amid many beautiful wreaths and the Fijian ceremonial of mats and tapa, he was lowered by his sons and grandsons into the resting place which he himself chose, on his own Estate, some 20 years ago.

He was the son of Mr. Archibald Taylor, a stipendiary magistrate of Fiji, and he was bom on the old Government Station at Nadi in 1877. He was educated in New Zealand and, while quite young, he was associated with the late James Borron, on the Mago and Cecea plantations; and then he moved on to his own property on Taveuni, and there acquired the family estate of Undu Kacu.

In addition to being a successful planter, Mr. Graham-Taylor was a notable sportsman—a good horseman, a good shot and a practised pugilist. His death will recall to many readers his picturesque activities on many a field of sport.

He is survived by his widow, and a large family of grown-un sons and daughters.

He had two sisters—Mrs. L. Elvira Watkins, of Christchurch, NZ, and Mrs. A. B.

Edwards, of Suva, who recently returned from NZ.

Says a correspondent; “Hurricane Jack’ has ridden out his last strong gale, and come safely to anchor in that harbour from which there is no departure . . .

The last scene was impressive. It took place against a background of rugged peaks; the wind was muted down to a sorrowful rhythm, in his beloved palms; while a beautiful circle of soft clouds, like a diadem of welcome from stern old Mother Nature, closed a life of ceaseless endeavour.”

The Administrator of P-NG, Col. J. K.

Murray and Mrs, Murray, were guests of the Governor-General in Canberra during recent Australian Jubilee celebrations.

An unconventional photograph of the Assistant Resident Commissioner in the New Hebrides (Mr. B. F. Blackwell), with Mrs. Blackwell and their small son—taken recently, when Mr. and Mrs. Blackwell were entertaining M. and Madame Fred Drilhon. M. Drilhon is a newspaper correspondent, who is spending some time among the islands of the South-west Pacific.

Bound for an extended trip through. North America and Europe. Mr. and Mrs. John Trotter, two of Suva’s best-known citizens, were among the 400 passengers who arrived at Vancouver on April 27. aboard the Canadian- Australasian liner Aorangi. This bright and unposed photograph was taken at the dockside, just after they landed from the Aorangi. 11 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

MORRIS HEDSTROM Limited Generol Merchants, Importers and Exporters, Shipowners, Plantation Owners, Commission and Insurance Agents

Head Office

Suva, Fiji

Established 1868

Service In The South Pacific Territories

'J'HROUGH our Large Establishments in Suva and our Numerous Branches, we distribute a wide and comprehensive range of General Merchandise and provide almost every kind of service. Our departments and associated businesses include: DRAPERY

Motor Sales

And Service

TOBACCO

Timber And

BUILDING GROCERY CONFECTIONERY HARDWARE ELECTRICAL LIQUORS DRUGS Branches Throughout Fiji, Samoa and Tonga There is a Branch or Agent of Morris Hedstrom Limited in every Town in the Three Territories.

We are Sole Agents in these Territories for British Drug Houses Ltd.

Electrolux Ltd.

Ford Motor Co.

General Electric Co. Ltd.

Goodyear Tyre £r Rubber Co.

B. A. Hjorth Cr Co. (Primus Products) Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd.

International Harvester Export Co.

Matson Navigation Company Max Factor and Co. Inc.

Pacific Islands Transport Line Ransomes, Sims Gr Jefferies Ltd Ruston £r Hornsby Ltd.

Vacuum Oil Co. Pty. Ltd.

Yorkshire Copper Works Ltd.

Morris Hedstrom Limited are LLOYD'S AGENTS in Fiji and Samoa.

IN AUSTRALIA: Morris Hedstrom (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., Asbestos House, 65 York Street, SYDNEY IN GREAT BRITAIN: Morris Hedstrom Limited, Barclay's Bank Building, 73 Cheanside. LONDON, E.C.2. 12 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

FOR SALE—“Pacific Pride”

One of the famous FLY RIVER SCOWS, specially built (under strict A.i.D. inspection) of Oregon and hardwood in 1945 for Island freighting. Beaches practically upright for careening.

HOLD; 21 ft. x 15 ft. x 6 ft., at present insulated—9 h.p. Listerdriven -20 deg. Methol refrigerating plant can easily be removed os a unit for shore installation.

Length: 56 ft. x 16 ft. x 5 ft. 6 in.—Registered tonnage; 37.30 —Sheathed —Flax sails—Dual steering—l6s h.p. "G.M." Diesel —420 Fuel—7oo Water—Engine bilge pumps to all bulkheads— —Aux. deck pumps. 32-Volt aux. lighting plant—2-way Wireless—Sleeps 2 aft, 4 for ard (all bedding, etc.)—Gas and fuel stoves —Large Electrolux—Hot and cold shower—Toilet.

Life boat—Tuna racks—Shark winch.

Armstrong Holland power cargo winch and all gear.

Spares: Engine, electrical, freezer, propeller and shaft.

Ai Condition. Full Inventory. Insured Lloyd’S

F. ENGLISH, 650 Pacific Highway, Chatswood, Sydney.

For further details, contact — Telephone: JA 6566.

Death Of Sir Maynard Hedstrom

MIR JOHN MAYNARD HEDSTROM, Kt., Chairman of the big Pacific merchandising organisation of Morris Hedstrom Limited, died in his sleep at his borne in Suva, Fiji, on Saturday night, June 2, at the age of 79. He had been in poor health for some time. Messages from all over the world, and the large gathering of people of all races at his funeral in Suva, were evidence of his fame, and of the great esteem in which he was held.

There are three large and powerful companies trading in the South Pacific- Burns Philp and Co., Ltd., Morris Hed- >trom, Limited, and W. R. Carpenter and Ho., Ltd. Sir James Burns, the founder )f the first of them, passed on in the Twenties. Sir Maynard Hedstrom, bunder of the second, now is gone. The hird, Carpenter & Co., was established nanv years after the other two, and its bunder, Sir Walter Carpenter, is still an ctive business man, in Canada and in ydney. Future historians will say that lese three very notable men had a pro- )und influence on the establishment of le British communities in the islands of le South Pacific. In their case, the flag Jllowed trade.

John Maynard Hedstrom was born in evuka, Fiji, in February, 1872, the son f a Swedish sea-captain, Nicholas S. :edstrom, who was one of the first Euroeans to settle in that archipelago. Young iedstrom was educated at Wesley College, telboume, and he matriculated at telbourne University in 1888. Soon afterards, he was back in Levuka, where he jry early displayed that combination of lasculine goodfellowship and commercial >resight and shrewdness which, in a few scades, made him one of the most ifluential and richest merchants in le South Seas.

He held a couple of jobs with Levuka merchants; but, before he was out of is teens, he was planning his own career, e wanted to trade but he had no capital, e himself told this story: “To obtain capital. I borrowed £2O from the father of a girl I used to take home from church.

In view of this relationship, the lender per 6 annum"interest ™ ° n ' y 10 PCT per annum interest.

Percy Atherton Morris, then aged 23, arrived in Levuka with his parents in 1891; and, before long, the two youngsters had got together in a small trading enterprise, as Morris, Hedstrom & Co.

Hedstrom had a sub-agency for the Union SS Co., and he was also a recognised Customs agent. They took over the trading business of Miller Hedey; and, as the young Colony developed, the young firm grew, too. Morris remained in charge at Levuka, while Hedstrom established and took charge of their branch at the new capital, Suva.

As the firm grew, it absorbed other concerns, by either purchase or amalgamation. Thus, in the course of the years, it took over Brown, Joske and Hedstrom; Arthur Joske Ltd.; G. W.

Miller & Co., Lau; Hugh Ragg & Co., Ba; John Robertson & Co., Sigatoka; Tindall & Ross, Tonga; Smyth and Carruthers, Samoa; and the most important amalgamation occurred when the big trading company of Henry Marks and Co., Ltd., and the Marks directors and personnel joined up with the Hedstrom company, which thenceforth became Morris Hedstrom Limited, Mr. Morris retired, to live in Sydney, in 1921. He lived to the age of 82, and died in 1950. After 1921, Sir Maynard carried on alone. (Continued page 15) The late Sir Maynard Hedstrom. 13 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Office and Sample Room: Bank of New South Wales Chambers, Suva, Fiji.

THE big firm’s period of pioneering and 'planning more or less ended with the Marks amalgamation: thenceforth. for Sir Maynard and his co-directors, it was mostly a matter of standing by and watching the growth of the huge concern, and using their judgment and experience to give it direction and shape.

In these later years, Sir Maynard gave more and more personal time to public service and philanthropic activities. For about 30 years he was a member of the Legislative Council; he gave similarly long service to the Executive Council: he was an active President of the Suva Chamber of Commerce for 25 years—in fact, there was not a public body in Fiji which, at some time or other, he did not serve or support.

He was particularly interested native Fijian race; and he showed that in a practical way when the Morris Hedstrom scholarship fund was established for the maintenance of Fiji students at the New Zealand universities Many young Fijians thus have acquired a high education and the fund .continue indefimtely to provide selected Fijian lads tUition - a fine mem ° rial Maynard Hedstrom’s services to his community and the nation were recognised in 1922, when he was knighted; and in 1939, when a high Swedish honour was conferred on him. He was Fiji’s Commlssloner at the great Wembiy Exhibition - PUMC dinner combined to pay a warm tribute to his qualities, and his unique re E o ariv°in P lite llC qi r Early in life in 1895 Sir Maynard married Miss Grace Eastgate, one of the four daughters of Mr. Alexander Eastgate, who went to Fiji to become a cotton planter in 1874. and remained to be a distinguished magistrate. (Others of the Eastgate girls married Sir Maynard’s partner, Mr. Morris, and Mr. H. E.

Snell, who in 1947 succeeded Sir Maynard as Managing Director.) By this marriage, Sir Maynard had three sons and two daughters—one of his sons, Mr.

John Maynard Hedstrom, Junior, is at present General Manager and Secretary of the Company. The first Lady Hedstrom died many years ago; and in the ’Thirties Sir Maynard married Miss Joyce Beauchamp, of Sydney. The hospitality of Sir Maynard and Lady Hedstrom was famous in three continents.

It appeared in the last five years, that Sir Maynard’s strength was failing; and this became plain, last year, when within a few months he was shocked by the deaths of Lady Hedstrom, and of Mr.

Morris, his partner and life-long friend.

Nonetheless, right to the end, he remained the same Maynard Hedstrom—on terms of simple friendship with every man— European, Fijian or Indian—he met in Suva’s main street, and keenly interested in every phase of life in the Colony’s mixed community.

He had gone far beyond the allotted age of man; yet hundreds—especially in his beloved Fiji—will mourn the passing- of one whose achievements were great, whose sympathies were wide, and who, despite honours and riches, bore himself always with modesty and kindliness.

RWR.

On the 10th anniversary of the New Caledonia rally to Free France, the medal the Legion of Honour was bestowed on Medecin Lieutenant-Colonel Massal, of the South Pacific Commission.

Why Thf Fill -Indian Student

Was Expelled From Nz

From a specmi Correspondent SUVA, May 12 y NOTICE that the March PIM is in- I dignant because Chantra Prntran Sharma a Fiii Indian had been py P De iled from’ New Zealand ’ Vnn ?av that ofaccSuntancv and was orderwl to leave the and an offlcYalexolanation wL reused 0 l*v be ?nt crested to know that the exnTanation nrovided hv himself He aonarentlv d fo?eot Y that fn PP rpmain inlv kt, ir iJn Z CumpHousneS andSck if tact so’cha a?

“eristic of his classhe b«an to make statements on public affaire SSd to Siticise me autLrities iS aA offensive wav nf is a Leftist h? ioinpd T Jftwt Organisations and he told ah and how thOv should run the country The 5? fhPv aumomies stood so mucn, then they toVho^A^hl New Zealan , c ? \ s more than usually generous in al owing young students of oth *L race ? . to bve tj} ere > almost as long they Wlsh - But they have to behave themselves,

Death Of James Morgan

A N old resident of Fiji, in the person of A mk" 'SSLSJ’ZSg keeper at Ba. His daughter now Mrs Price, is a resident of Killara Sydney One of his sons, a chemist, was in the service of the CSR Comnanv at Ba several years ago P y ’ at a ’

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

THE NEW CHAMBERS’S ENCYCLOPAEDIA.—IS vols.. 4,000 illusts.. 14.500.000 words. 2.500 eminent contributors —magnificent set. Just published. £66. Post. 30/-.

JOURNAL OF WILLIAM LOCKERBV. —Sandalwood Trader in the Fijian Islands. 1808-1809 (edit.. Sir Evera-rd Thurn and L. S. Whartoni, maps, illust., pub. by Hakluyt Soc. £2/13/-.

Post. 1/3.

NATIVE PEOPLES OF THE PACIFIC WORLD (F. M. Keesingi. Illust. £l/11/6. Post, 9d.

BUTTERFLIES OF AUSTRALIA AND NEW GUINEA (Charles Barrett and Alex. Burns, Entomologist, Melbourne National Museumi. Ready September. £2/15/-. Post, 1/-.

Orders booked.

NOA NOA. —My Voyage to Tahiti (Paul Gauguin). 36 wood cuts (14 in colour!." £ 1 11/-.

Post. 9d.

KON TIKI EXPEDITION.—Raft Across the Sea (Heyerdahl). Illust. £l/1/-. Post, 9d.

Write for free Lists of Australiana and Pacific items, new and second-hand. Thousands of books in stock. Also Microscopes from £2 to £l5O. Surveying [lnstruments, Binoculars, Magnifiers, etc. Lists on Application.

N. H. SEWARD PTY. LTD., 457 Q Bourke St., Melbourne, Australia. 1951

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Useful Lectures For

Tropical Dwellers

A COURSE of lectures which commenced on Monday, June 4, and terminate on August 4, in Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, framed to meet the needs of missionaries, etc., who anticipate living in tropical areas, are being held from 2-3 p.m. on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, at the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, in the University grounds, Sydney. No fees are charged.

Dr. E. D. Pridie, Chief Medical Officer of the Colonial Office, London, recently visited Fiji and was entertained by the students of the Central Medical School. Suva. On the left, students from Eastern and Western Samoa, led by Setonga, a 4th year dental student, perform for the guest of honour. On the right a Ist year Fijian medical student presents a halfshell of yaqona (kava) to Dr. Pridie. —Fiji Public Relations Office photo. 16 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH I I

HJFJ With USA Exports Imports 1943 .. . . . . 212,632,000 82,423,000 1945 .. . . . . 139,212,000 208,460,000 1947 .. . . . . 24,145,000 191,347,000 1949 .. .. . . 103,500,000 222,666,000 1950 .. . . . . 80,575,000 157,098,000 With Australia Exports Imports 1943 .. .. . . 21,326,000 195,355,000 1945 .. .. .. 5,638,000 207,694,000 1947 .. .. .. 17,142,000 204,973,000 1949 . . .. .. 14,411,000 132,707,000 1950 .. .. .. 12,757,000 200,283,000 OBTAIN YOUR COPY NOW!

PACIFIC ISLANDS YEAR BOOK 1950 K.. W Robso r Have you ordered a copy of the PACIFIC ISLANDS YEAR BOOK, 1950 Edition, the South Seas" most valued reference book, for your library?

Available at all leading Booksellers in Australia and New Zealand, the main Pacific Islands stores, or direct from the Publishers.

The 1950 (Sixth) Edition contains 500 Pages and numerous Maps. In addition to providing reliable information relating to Administrations, Geography, History, Industries, Commerce and Trade (full statistics), Tariffs, etc., the Year Book has many Special such as: A History and Chronology of the War in the Pacific, 1941-45; Lists of Public Servants in each Territory; Description of the new Air Transport Organisations serving the Pacific Islands; Complete Directory of Pacific Islands Missions; Notable Developments in 1940-50 Period; Detailed Index of Place Names in the South Seas, etc.

Price: 25/- per copy.

Add postage, etc. (Within the British Empire, 1/-; Foreign 2/-) when ordering direct. (In U.S. Currency: $3.50, including postage.) FROM- PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY. LTD.

Union House, 247 George Street, SYDNEY.

Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W., Australia.

Boom In New Caledonia’S Metals

Interesting Analysis of French Colony’s Trade From Our Own Correspondent NOUMEA, June 1.

WAR, and the threat of war, have added much value to certain metals, and New Caledonia—the French South Pacific colony with huge reserves of nickel and chrome —is booming.

It is reported from Paris, where the famous Nickel Company has its headquarters, that the Company has increased its capital from 708 million francs to 984 million francs, by the incorporation of a special reserve and revaluation of certain assets.

One of Australia’s most able reporters, Osmar White, of the Melbourne Herald, who has been recently in New Caledonia and New Hebrides, has vividly described the mining boom in Noumea, and the activities thereabouts of “poker-faced strangers engineers, metallurgists, chemists, technicians, concession buyers.”

White points out that, while New Caledonia, because of its isolation, is at a disadvantage with Turkey, Baluchistan and Yugoslavia as a source of chrome, World War 111 might cut off all those other supplies whereupon the Caledonian chrome would become exceedingly . valuable. Speculators are gambling on that.

It is also reported that French, American and Australian companies are getting deeply interested in New Caledonia’s deposits of tungsten and cobalt ■ Most of the colony’s landowners .are dreaming dreams of millions.

THE following figures, in millions of Pacific francs, show the value of the traffic between the French Pacific colony of New Caledonia, and the three countries with which it mainly trades: — With France In 1943-44, the Colony did no trade with France. But by 1946, the total trade was back to 213,421,000 francs; and in the following years the figures have been —1948, 358,336,000; 1949, 548,427,000; and 1950, 679,913,000 francs.

THE principal imports from the USA were machines and motor cars and chassis, spare parts, ironware, shoes, cloth, wearing apparel and lingerie, timber, chemical goods, oil, tobacco, tinned fish and whisky.

From Australia, New Caledonia bought oil, flour, rice, sugar, potatoes, milk, cement, leather goods, clothing, hardware.

Other essential foodstuffs came from French possessions—rice from Indo-China and wine from Algeria.

As usual, minerals formed the overwhelming bulk of exports. The tonnage of nickel bought (exclusively) by France increased from 3,950 tons in 1949 to 5,790 in 1950, and the value from 159,778,000 to 234,590,000 Pacific francs. With so much stockpiling going on, the price of this metal has risen considerably and the demand is very active. Thus, once again, war and stockpiling for war are saving the colony's financial situation.

Chrome, also in stockpiling demand, dropped from 102,914 tons of ore in 1949, worth 146,062,000 francs, to 73,867 tons in 1950, valued at 122,267,000 francs. The bulk of the chrome (52,100 tons) went to USA; but Prance took 5,750 tons; Norway 9,134; Sweden 4,470; and Australia 2,414 tons.

A trial shipment of 7,895 tons of iron ore was also sent to the Broken Hill plant at Newcastle, NSW; and 690 tons of giobertite ore reached Australia in 1950.

Of non-mineral exports, 1950 saw 181 tons of canned meat; 278 tons of cattle and 37 tons of cattle and deer hides (mostly to Australia); 434 tons of trochus; 2,664 tons of copra; and 1,663 tons of coffee were sent overseas last year.

Between April and June a total of five ships were expected to load 33,300 tons 17 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE , 1951

1946 ..

TROCHUS Quantity (tons) Value (fr.) .. .. 1,221 20,227,000 1947 . . • • • . 1,177 19,120,000 1948 . . .... 464 8,379,000 1949 . . •• .. 391 6,699,000 1950 . . .... 434 6,665,000 1945 . .

COPRA .. .. 1,249 3,000,000 1946 . . .... 403 1,077,000 1947 . . .... 828 6,617,000 1948 .. •. .. 1,569 22,565,000 1949 . . • • ■. 1,855 26,643,000 1950 . . •. .. 1,765 27,308,000 1945 .

COFFEE .... 483 4,552,000 1946 .. .... 925 18,739,000 1947 .. .. .. 1,224 34,418,000 1948 . . .... 919 28,714,000 1949 . . .... 815 32,710,000 1950 .. .. .. 1,663 78,837,000 A PERSONAL VISIT ■ As fhis issue of P.I.M. goes to press, Mr. D. W. Reed, principal of the old-established firm of William E. Reed, leaves on an extended visit to New Guinea, Papua, British Solomon Islands and New Hebrides.

The purpose of his visit is to establish closer contact to ensure better service to the firm's Islands clients and to present personally a wide range of power craft and auxiliary craft ideally suited for trading and cargocarrying purposes.

Points to be visited by Mr. Reed include Port Moresby, Samarai, Lae, Bulolo, Madang, Wewak, Rabaul, Kavieng, Torokina, Honiara and other points indicated by circumstances and travel facilities.

A cordial invitation is extended to you to contact Mr.

Reed upon his arrival at your centre.

William E. Reed (Established 1913) Island Trade Broker & Commission Agent 145 a GEORGE ST., CIRCULAR QUAY, SYDNEY.

Cables: “WILREED”, Sydney. of ore (of which 26,500 tons will be chrome) for the Tiebaghi Company. The bulk of the chrome is for the United States.

Quantity and value of New Caledonian exports of trochus, copra and coffee in recent years, including 1950, have been as follows:

Giant Snails Still A Pest

ALTHOUGH the first rush of the Giant Snails has died down, they are still a serious pest in New Ireland. New Britain and the Madang district of New Guinea, where the Japs released them.

Apparently they are still numerous, although they are not now so “giant”— the 10 inch snails with their five and six inch shells have shrunk to something more normal.

It is believed that the snails originally came from Africa or Madagascar and spread from there to the Seychelles and on to India and Ceylon about 1800. In the following 150 years they travelled far and wide. By the beginning of this century they had reached Malaya and turned up in Hongkong in 1936 or 1937. Presumably they arrived in China and Japan about the same time because when the Japs moved south they took them along and speeded up their travels.

When the Allies re-occupied New Britain and New Ireland and took over the Marshalls and Marianas they found the big snails well established —according to native reports the Japs had introduced them as a source of food, although there is no evidence to show that even the Japs were fond of them.

By good luck rather than good management, they appear not to have got into Australia, although the way was wide open, during the early post-war days when war disposals materials were pouring back from New Guinea. They did get into the Pacific coast of the United States in this manner although now it is believed they have been completely cleared out.

Scientists are looking for a biological control for the pest. It has been noticed that they are not multiplying as rapidly as they were in Ceylon, and it is thought that this may be because the Indian glow-worm has acquired a taste for them.

A 400-ton tug belonging to the American Trading and Shipping Co. Fty., Ltd., (in which W. R. Carpenter & Co. are Interested) was damaged by fire in May. The tug, formerly the Japanese Houta Maru, has been renamed Manam.

It had been refitted for the Solomons and New Guinea trade. She had a crew of six Fijians living aboard her. 18 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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V

Hebrides No Asset

To Australia

Opinion of Leading Journalist OSMAR WHITE, of the Melbourne Herald, and one of the few Australian journalists who knows anything about the Pacific, feels that Australia will be “buying a pup for appearance’s sake” if she takes over British responsibility in the New Hebrides, as it is rumoured that she will.

He calls the Condominium Government the most expensive, cumbersome, contradictory, ridiculous, comic opera type of government ever devised by politicians, but comments that it works— not efficiently or smoothly, but just sufficiently to see that the area is controlled, essential social services are carried on, and that crime is suppressed. This has been possible, he says, because the Administrators of both French and British nationality, have contented themselves with a bare minimum of control in civil affairs.

“In a world plagued by over-government, the New Hebrides scintillates as an example of how uncomplicated life can be if only the administration is content to under-govern. Refrain from committing murder, mayhem, and the grosser kinds of larceny, in the New Hebrides, and you will manage to get away with practically anything else.”

Vila, the capital, he describes as one of the most squalid and unlovely settlements in the Pacific —the business quarter is a row of tumbledown shacks along the filthy waterfront. He with reason aments the present copra boom which is causing the neglect of cocoa and coffee plantations which were becoming economically important to the Group before ;he war.

Service For Wallis Group

From Our Own Correspondent NOUMEA, June 1.

THE Neo Hebridais broke her regular schedule of sailing between Sydney, New Caledonia and the New Hebrides recently to take 44 passengers and stores to the Wallis Islands, the isolated French archipelago between Fiji and Samoa. The passengers included a military doctor, Lieut. Touze, and his wife and a number of priests, as well as 15 Wallis Island soldiers who have been serving in New Caledonia, and 20 other Wallis natives.

There are about 5,000 Polynesians in the Wallis-Uvea Group.

Mr. A. F, Ward, of Suva, Fiji, arrived in Mauritius in June to become Deputy Comptroller of Customs. Before he went on leave to England earlier this year he was in the Fiji Service as Collector of Customs. 19 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE. 1951

'There’s a glass and a half of rich, full-cream milk from Tasmania’s richest dairying districts in every half pound of Cadbury’s Dairy Milk Chocolate. * LK M % hat s secret of the smooth, creamy flavour and nourishing goodness of Cadbury’s Dairy Milk Chocolate. Cadbury’s insistence on only the choicest ingredients, consistent high quality, and careful manufacture have won a worldwide reputation for Cadbury products. Cadbury’s chocolates are wrapped in moisture resisting paper and especially packed for tropical conditions.

An order placed with us nominating your usual agent will receive our prompt attention, CADBURY-FRY-PASCALL PTY. LTD. 212-218 York Street North, Sydney And you should try these other Dairy Milk combinations . ..

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For those who like dark Chocolate srw,S ehi CM7;FP/| 20 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

BUTTERFLIES and the Larger Moths WANTED From all parts of the World, especially Australia and all Islands in the Pacific.

Will pay from £25 to over £lOO per 1,000 butterflies first quality, perfect specimens, in papers only.

Collectors who can supply first quality Butterflies, Large Moths, Large Insects or Beetles, especially giants of all kinds, should write for instruction on how to pack and ship Butterflies, etc. Do not send any broken or rubbed specimens.

Will pay for sample shipment, and advance money to good collectors.

Write or print clearly, particularly your name and address.

Butterfly World Supply House, 289-291 East 98th Street, Brooklyn, 12, New York, U.S.A.

M WA s » •\jPa ■A Ancient custom

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East African Planes for MAL rWO Mandated Airlines (NG) pilots, Messrs. L. Davis and J. Perry, left Sydney in June for East Africa, rtiere they will pick up two twinngined de Havilland Dove aircraft, reently purchased by MAL.

They will ferry the planes to Lae in easy stages spread over two weeks. MAL will use the planes to link up with Trans Oceanic Airways’ Sydney-Port Moresby service.

Twin sons were recently born to the Rev. and Mrs. Douglas Telfer, of the Methodist Mission, Fiji.

Mrs. G. F. Neilsen, president of the Samarai (Papua) branch of the Queensland Country Women’s Association, attended the QCWA Conference in Brisbane at the end of May.

Proof that they really need a new wharf in Port Moresby. The photograph shows one of Iteamships Trading Co.’s trucks, the back wheels of which have fallen through the wharf decking, because of bad wharf facilities, the E. & A. Line ships are not any longer calling at Moresby. (See article. page 29, this issue.) —Papuan Prints photo. 21 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

Now Available For the Islands.

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Breakfast Cake, Edam Cheese Crunches, Cocktail Buttons, and Celery Rondelles, etc. Individually packed and shipped in sealed tins and cases for the Tropics.

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ALL PRICES F. 0.8. STEAMER, SYDNEY, including Australian permits, cases, packing, etc. All shipments excluding deck cargo are insured against pillage, theft and non-delivery. Join the many satisfied Island customers who obtain their grocery requirements from Mcllrath’s Export Department, 202 Pitt Street. Sydney, and effect considerable savings.

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Lively Picture

OF

New Caledonia

Extract from an article which that brilliant young Australian reporter, Osmar White, has just written for Melbourne Herald: NOUMEA. —This is a very rich island.

Indeed, it is so rich that the people running it have been, and still are. deathly afraid that the word will get round in the wrong quarters.

One of the most heavily mineralised areas in the world, it could supply all the industrial metals likely to be needed by Pacific countries in the next couple of hundred years—and then have made no inroads on its low-grade ore reserves.

From its own agricultural and pastoral resources, it could feed four or five times its present population of 20,000 whites and near-whites, 12,000 Asiatics and 30,000 natives. The mountains are bare scours of mineral oxide, but the river valleys are broad and fertile.

There are deposits of anthracite coal, stands of excellent timber ranging in variety from teak to kauri pine, reef waters teeming with fish, rivers that with conservation could keep the industry of Sydney or Melbourne rolling from one year’s end to the other.

Sitting pretty in this little oceanic paradise are half a dozen “first families.”: who between them own or control prac-' tically every important commercial enterprise in the archipelago.

In one way or another, almost every body else on the island—barring possibly new arrivals in the service of the French Colonial Office—is in debt to them or likely to end up that way if he doesn’t remain uncritical, co-operative and strictly non-competitive.

There have been a few reasonably efficient Australian monopolists at work in the South Seas since the turn of the century, but by comparison with their New Caledonian confreres, their position has been shaky and their methods have smacked of the Sunday School. . . .

In all the Western Pacific. New Caledonia is probably the only island with an economic potential big enough and immediate enough to invite large-scale American or European investment.

Mr. Norman C. Nelson, chairman of directors of the well-known Islands trading firm of Nelson and Robertson Pty., Ltd., Sydney, who is on a business trip abroad, returned to England at the end of May after visiting Europe. He has been successful in arranging for the better supply and delivery of British and Continental goods for the South Pacific. Mr. and Mrs. Nelson expect to return to Australia in September. 22 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY^

Mary Baker ICE CREAM MIX Is now available to Pacific Islands Traders and Storekeepers in Chocolate and Strawberry Flavours in addition to the always popular Vanilla Successor to the ice cream making formula introduced to the South Pacific by the U.S. Army in wartime, Mary Baker Ice Cream Mix is now manufactured in Australia for export to all the Islands Groups and Territories. It's delicious in the home for dessert —on its own, flavoured, or with fresh tropical or canned fruit.

Now specially packed in 16 oz. tins for Household Servings, in 5 lb. Family size vacuum packed tins, and in 40 lb. drums for Traders and Storekeepers, lined and sealed to ensure complete preservation and first-class quality under all tropical conditions.

Ask Your Store for it To-day!

ATTENTION CAFES AND MILK BARS!!! We can also supply: Ice Cream Cones (cartons of 800) —26 oz. bottles of Cordial Extract, Flavouring Essences, and Concentrates—Malted Milk Powder—and other requisites for the Islands Soda Fountain and Milk Bar trade.

SOLE DISTRIBUTOR : J. C. MERRILLEES PTY. LTD. 104 Hunter Street, Sydney, N.S.W.

Telegrams: “MERRILLEES,” Sydney.

Preparing The Defences

GOCs Visit to New Guinea From Our Own Correspondent LAE. June 1.

THE General Officer Commanding- Northern Division, Major-General V. C. Secombe, accompanied by Group Captain A. G. Carr, Officer Commanding North-Eastern Area. RAAF, who are visiting main centres in the Territory, arrived in Lae on May 29. The official party was accompanied by Lt.-Col. N. P.

Maddern, CO, PNGVR, and all were welcomed at the ’drome by a guard of honour of 60 native constabulary, under the command of Asst. Sub-Inspector F. Hoeter, who is also a member of the PNGVR. The GOC was met by Mr. H. R. Niall (District Officer) and Messrs. L. Ashton (president), J. V. Knight (treasurer), R.

Tann (secretary) and C. Hendrick, representing the Lae Sub-Branch of the Returned Servicemen’s League.

Later, at a meeting of the League, the GOC stated he was aware that there had been criticism of the policy adopted by the authorities, particularly as to the future of the PNGVR. He looked on this organisation as the field for potential officers and NCO’s from whom would undoubtedly be drawn staff for the PIR, as well as liaison groups with mainland units. With this end in view every opportunity would be afforded men of the PNGVR.

He agreed that it was essential that officers of their unit, and of the PIR, should be well versed in local conditions, and the handling of native troops, but he would insist that, as well, they should be trained soldiers.

The present plan for the training of the PIR provided for Headquarters at Port Moresby. The unit would comprise natives drawn from Papua, New Guinea, and New Britain, and the initial complement would be 200. After between 6 to 9 months’ training this group would be moved on to an outpost area, to be determined after consultation with the Administration, and a further group would commence training. This group would, in turn, move to the outpost area occupied by Group No. 1, which would take up duty in a new area.

This procedure would be continued by the training of fresh groups, and replacement of earlier groups until the first group had completed 2 years in out-post areas, when it would return to Headquarters for a smartening-up course, and :hen be again posted to area duties. During the time that a group was absent from Headquarters, the native troops would be trained in all classes of iungle warfare, camp sanitation, etc.

Officers at present selected had fulfilled the necessary requirements of the authorities in respect of military training, local knowledge, and handling of natives, and, in addition had been through a military school embracing the VTotuan language, and Pidgin English.

It could be seen that the policy of itilising the PNGVR as the training rround for officers and NCO’s of the PIR would cover every aspect of essential re-, juirements. He made it perfectly clear ;hat it was not intended to train both inits together; but the standard attained 3y the PNGVR would be reflected in the 'anks of the PIR.

Commenting on the suggested Roll of rerritorians for immediate use in the went of an outbreak of war. the GOC was emphatic that he disfavoured the istablishment of “One-man” armies. He vanted the younger man, but he felt that here would be a place for the older gensration in emergency circumstances in such eration in emergency circumstances in such spheres as local intelligence, coast watching, etc. If the older men wanted to have a rifle, the way was open by joining a rifle club, and every facility would be made available by Northern Command to assist in this respect.

During the afternoon, the official party made inspections of selected sites for the establishment of permanent training quarters in Lae. The GOC inspected the Lae War Cemetery, and started he was most impressed with the new type of headstone.

Mr. and Mrs. K. Kirsch of the Lutheran Mission left Brisbane recently for Madang, NG. Their three children have gone with them.

Mr. Peter Grant (Gurudin Cawnwajia Pathak), one of Fiji’s most respected and oldest Indian citizens, celebrated . his birthday with a garden party at the Grand Pacific Hotel on May 12. There seems some doubt whether it was his 99th or 100th birthday, but in any event, it is agreed that it is a fine old age. He was born in Lucknow, and arrived in Fiji in 1882 after some years in the West Indies.

He eventually purchased property in the Colony and became a successful businessman. He has a large family of whom Mr.

John Grant, MBE, owner of a picture theatre chain is the eldest. His birthday party was attended by the Colonial Secretary, Bishop Foley SM, the Mayor of Suva and representatives of the Civil Service. 23 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

Port Moresby Sydney Service

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The new luxury starship, “Star of Australia,” has that exclusive club atmosphere, and each passenger is our special guest-of-honour. For your convenience, there is a well-stocked library; hot and cold water and electric razors provided in the gentlemen’s room; whilst for the ladies . . . sheer delight! . . . modern kidney dressing tables with fluorescent lighting.

Your meals on the “Chieftain” will be an epicure’s delight . . .

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Tahiti'S Isolation Is

ENDED TEA Establishes Fortnightly Service IT was officially announced on M!ay 18 that Tasman Empire Airways, which provides the two Trans-Tasman services (Sydney-Auckland, Christchurch- Melbourne), will inaugurate, at an early date, a fortnightly service between Sydney and Tahiti.

TEA already operates a regular service between Auckland and Suva. Fiji.

The new schedule represents an extension of that Auckland-Suva service via W.

Samoa and Cook Islands, to Papeete, in Tahiti.

Tahiti, for years, has been “out on the end of a limb.” All the other South Pacific Territories now are linked up with world airways by good air services based mostly on Australia or New Zealand; but French Oceania and New Caledonia were more or less reserved for French air interests. Air France did its best, but soon iiscovered that these French Pacific colonies are too distant from other sections of the French Empire to make a profitable Trans-Pacific service possible.

Qantas and TEA (the two big airways companies providing local Pacific services :rom Australia and New Zealand respectively) each examined the Tahiti situation. At first the French authorities were lot enthusiastic: but, as it became clear that Air France was not coming in, and is the absence of air connections was causing embarrassment and loss to Tahiti business, the official attitude changed.

TEA. which gives admirable service vith the best aircraft available, will be welcomed in Tahiti —and, in fact, in all the Islands groups of Polynesia.

Already, TEA has four Solent flyingboats —which are about the roomiest and most comfortable craft of their type in the world —and the chairman (Sir Leonard Isitt) announces that a fifth has been ordered.

After this month, passengers and mails, making use of services already established, plus the extension from Fiji, will travel every fortnight between Auckland and Papeete, via Auckland, Suva (Fiji), Apia (Western Samoa) and Aitutaki (Cook Islands).

Mrs. J. R. Gwilt, of the Mt. Lamington area, Papua, who with her husband was one of the few survivors of the eruption of January 21, arrived in Sydney on holiday in May. She said that their rubber plantation, although only six miles from the volcano, was not in the direct path of the blast.

The number of Government-licenced traders and dealers in New Caledonia is 2.944, of whom 1,229 operate in Noumea.

Of these, 1929 are French, 592 native Melanesian, 257 Indo-Chinese, 85 Javanese, and 81 “foreign” (including Australian).

Livestock For Papua-New

GUINEA From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, June 1.

ANOTHER shipment of livestock for the P-NG Department of Agriculture arrived at Port Moresby, on May 31, from Australia. This lot consisted of five bulls, 120 heifers (mostly Shorthorns, but also some Jerseys and Red Polls), 25 horses and 16 Romney Marsh rams.

All the stock goes to the various Papuan livestock breeding stations, but private purchasers can buy from the Department.

The costs are certainly not low, but they are much less than if a private individual imported small numbers of stock.

All the worry and detailed paper work of importation and shipment is also avoided.

In a steady and unspectacular way the Animal Industry Division is doing a good job in importing new breeding stock and building up stud herds acclimatised to the various types of country in the Territory.

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American Viewpoint On Pacific Islands

Under the headings, “PIM Reports On Down Under —Australian Publication Gives Lowdown on International Relations,” John C. Davis, in Cleveland Plain Dealer (one of the best known American Midwest newspapers) of May 21, says something interesting about the attitude of the United States towards Pacific Territories. The article follows: BEFORE Pearl Harbour for most Americans (at least those of us here in the Midwest) the world was of a normal size. The 3,000-mile bastion of the Atlantic and the 6,000-mile spread of the Pacific gave us a sense of security from the ills that beset less fortunate peoples.

Then the Japs, whom we held in slight regard, bridged the 4,000 Pacific miles separating them from the Hawaiian Islands and dealt from the air a crippling blow. Those bombs that crippled our fleet and killed our boys while they slept jarred midwestern America from its security and its isolationism.

Because we have more here to protect than any people anywhere, and because we saw the danger could come from airborne war, we became immediately interested in every remote nook and cranny of a world that had shrunk to the size of an apple.

Islands Monthly One of the most revealing purveyors of information is the Pacific Islands Monthly, a magazine published in Australia and covering the happenings and thinking of folks in that island continent and its adjacent isles. It is familiar territory to hundreds of thousands o American boys who fought their wa T , island by island, from New Guinea to thr Japanese home islands.

Small World John Crossen, lawyer, a classmate o mine at Western Reserve 25 years ago who put in three and a half years as aj artillery officer out there in World Wa 11, has sent me the March issue of It is jam-packed with items showing th keen interest those folks have in thing American and international. It nrove how small the world has become. Fron editorials to news items, it frankly voice the thought that the South Pacific des tiny is tied with the United States rathe than the colonial nations of Europe, th British, Dutch and French.

It burns with indignation at the Britis Labour government, a party that ws tossed out of office in Australia last elec tion. It seems that the Labour drove a long-term contract to purchas South Pacific copra (product of the cc conut tree used in making soap an margarine) at 55 pounds sterling a toi Then they devalued the pound but di not raise the copra price. The conse quence is that British interests are buy ing the stuff at about half the world pric: It has the rugged citizens from “dow yonder” burning.

The Japanese Another item that has blood pressure at the boiling point is word that we ar willing to consider resettlement of abou 5,000,000 Japanese from the homelands t New Guinea as part of our treaty agree ment with them. The Anzacs figure ths many Japanese, most alert and progres sive of the Asian peoples, would socc transform the world’s second large;; island, rich in natural resources, into South Pacific power that would oves shadow, perhaps even endanger, the Aus. tralian-New Zealand orbit.

Another piece of pithy comment cove]; 26 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Three Worthwhile Books

THE 25TH HOUR. By Virgil Gheorghiu. Book Society Recommendation. This powerful novel poses the gravest problem of our day—individuals or “Citizens” in this regimented age. 13/6 (post 6d.) THE SHIP OF HEAVEN. By Hugh McCrae. This delightful musical fantasy by a famous Australian writer introduces an enchanted world and some of his best lyrics and songs. Illustrated by the author. 21/- (post 6d.) THE LITTLE MADELEINE. By Mrs. Robert Henrey. Book Society Choice.

The author of A Farm in Normandy re-creates with extraordinary vividness the people and life of her early girlhood in Paris. 16/- (post 9d.) ANGUS & ROBERTSON LTD.

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Col. Phelps Phelps, of New York, just appointed civil governor of the American Samoa. It seems that Col. Phelps is a bachelor. However happy that condition is supposed to be over nere, it is frowned upon by the Polynesian citizenry of our newly acquired territory. Fact is, as PIM points out, “this is an affront to the traditional culture and conventions of the Samoans, who will be embarrassed for him.”

It seems a fellow doesn’t really rate in Samoa until he heads a family and demonstrates ability to keep a wife under control. And that seems to bust wide open the idea that South Pacific Islands are a paradise.

Rehabilitation of Lamington Evacuees Ilimo Camp Now Closed THE Ilimo evacuee camp was closed at the end of May when the last of the Mt. Lamington evacuees moved out to newly-constructed villages along the Wasita-Awala Road.

The villages are “permanent-temporary” settlements, and the evacuees themselves do not regard the villages as permanent since they naturally wish to return to their own tribal lands. But the deciding factor will be the Lamington volcano. If it settles down, in time the natives will undoubtedly return to their old areas.

The transfer of all evacuees —somewhere around 8,000 all told—to new villages within four months is an excellent achievement on the part of the District Services Department. Anybody who knows natives, does not need to be told their thousand-and-one objections to settling in even “kinship” territory, nor the long story of enthusing the young and active men to the job of clearing new areas for homes and gardens. But they have been won into accepting temporary substitute lands, and are in fair way to becoming self-supporting again. Government rations are still needed, as the first gardens are not yet yielding enough for their requirements, but a start has been made, and the £4,000-a-week food bill will be steadily reduced from now on.

The Health authorities merit a good stint of praise, too, for there have been no epidemics among the thousands of evacuees who had to be crowded into closely packed camps after the main evacuation from Mt. Lamington.

It took a lot of supervision to enforce essential precautions but the result has been a clean bill of health and the general well-being of the evacuees.

French Ships For The Pacific

From Our Own Correspondent NOUMEA. June 1.

THE French have chartered a number of foreign ships for the Pacific service. Recent ones include the Norwegian ship, Grey County, which is plying (with chrome) between Noumea, the New Hebrides, Papeete, and France; the liners Chung Chow and Chung King; and an English ship, the Pentire, which is to link ports of Northern France and Marseilles with Australia and Noumea, returning via Tahiti and the Panama Canal.

Carpenters equipment and £4,000 worth of building materials for the rebuilding of the Methodist Mission centre on New Ireland were unloaded from the Kelanoa just a few hours before that unlucky vessel went up on a reef last month.

New Sugarcane

VARIETIES

From Ng Highlands

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, June 1.

THE two Australian and one American sugarcane experts who arrived in the Territory in the middle of April, have collected new varieties of cane for breeding purposes.

The Australians, Mr. C. G. Hughes and Mr. J. H. Buzzacott, from the Bureau of Sugar Experiment Stations in Queensland, collected 140 new varieties in the Central Highlands, Their associate on the survey, Dr. J. N.

Warner, from Hawaii, where he works with the Experimental Station operated by the Hawaii Sugar Planters’ Association, gathered a valuable new assortment of sugarcane seed.

There have been a number of previous sugarcane searches in New Guinea, but this is the first time that a survey has extended much beyond Kainantu. The party gathered the new species from Goroka, Aiyura, Mt. Hagen, Chimbu and Mendi, both from native gardens and wild sugarcane stands. All the new species will be tested and used in improving sugarcane now being grown in Queensland and Hawaii. 27 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

'THAT The

You Need Not Become

Another Harassed

EXECUTOR It is easy to say “Yes” to an old friend’s request to become his executor. Your worries do not begin until you are faced with the estate’s complicated problems. Your energy, honesty and goodwill are by no means all that you will need. Administration demands highly specialised knowledge, instant access to sound advice, and long experience in handling other people’s affairs.

However, there is no need to saddle yourself with these extra responsibilities.

It is a simple matter to transfer your unsought obligations to Burns Philp Trust Company Limited. This commonsense arrangement not only frees your hands, but guarantees tireless and efficient management. You will find the Company’s services fully explained in “Hands That Never Leave The Wheel.” Copies of this most interesting booklet can be obtained from any branch of Burns Philp (South Sea) Company, Burns Philp (New Guinea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Limited, or direct from the head office of this Company.

Burks Philp Trust

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Also Registered Offices at Melbourne, Brisbane, Port Moresby {Papua), and Vila {New Hebrides) .

DIRECTORS: James Burns.

P. T. W. Black.

Joseph Mitchell.

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MANAGER: L. S. Parker.

SECRETARY: E. R. Overton, F.F.I.A.

Executor • Trustee • Attorney Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney.

Tel.: BU 5901 Box 543, G.P.O.

Dismal Outlook

FOR

Service Pensioners

NOTE received from a resident of Australia—once well known as a man filling a high position in an Islands Government:— “With regret, after all these years, I must discontinue my subscription to the PIM .... We people, who depend mainly on a pension, are properly getting it in the neck these days; and the indications are that the present high cost of living will go higher.

“The Commonwealth Government, in this matter, seems to be as hard as hint, and quite unmoved by our appeals for a review of the pension rates.”

There are thousands of Civil Service pensioners in Australia today—they have gone there, wherever possible, to get whatever benefit they can from the Australian exchange rate. Where the pension comes from a Sterling or New Zealand or Fiji source, they do enjoy some slight advantage. But all classes, Australian and otherwise, now are being driven to absolute penury bv the galloping inflation of the Australian £.

All persons on fixed incomes are facing 'grim and alarming conditions. Where the income comes from property, the unfortunate owner can at least sell; but, where the income is based on superannuation, the prospect is dismal indeed.

The pensioners’ only hope is some sympathetic move by the governments concerned.

Death Of Mr. P G. Rogerson

THE death occurred in Brisbane on May 23 of Mr. Percy Gilbert Rogerson, formerly accountant of the Public Works Department in Port Moresby, and well-known and esteemed in the Territory. He had made plans to return to Papua, but died from a throat malady, rather unexpectedly. He marched with the veterans on Anzac Day.

Mr. Rogerson lived in Samarai about 1915, and was accountant for the wellknown Whitten Brothers, before he entered the Government service. He suffered ill-health as the result of World War I experiences. He married Miss Bessie Wisdell, a daughter of one of the pioneers of Eastern Papua, and they had one son, Gilbert, now qualifying as an accountant. Another Rogerson, brother of deceased, was also well-known—he was ARM at Kulumadau for years, but now is retired, and a resident of Sydney. The Wisdell family were connected by marriage with the well-known Ballantyne family, of Samarai, Well-known old Territorians were at the funeral—among them, Mr. C. T.

Wurth, former Lands Department; Mr.

George Christie, of Moresby; Mr. Les Drew, of STC, Moresby; Mr. Sydney H.

Chance, formerly RM in Papua; Mr. Fred Bunting, of Samarai; Mrs. Puxley, formerly a well-known Kerema planter; and Mr. and Mrs. Bob Munro.

A shipment of 60 tons of klinki pine, specially milled for battery separators, reached Brisbane from the Bulolo Valley, NG, on the May Bulolo. Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., and New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., are milling the timber. The New Guinea pine takes the place of Queensland hoop pine separators—hoop pine is now scarce—and similar timber imported from dollar areas. 28 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Introducing CRAWFORD’S

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Papua-N. Guinea’S Economic Headaches

No Cement :: Asian Ships ‘Wipe’ Moresby :: ‘Control’ of Motor Importations :: End of Socialists’ Coastal Shipping Set-Up From R. W. ROBSON.

PT. MORESBY, May 30.

BECAUSE of failures in supply and transport, Papua-New Guinea now is faced wth confusion and expense which, at least, will equal some of the worst records of the last ten years.

The Territory has a huge public construction programme, and, for work on roads, ports, airfields, houses, planned towns, water and hydo-electric services, it is committted to an expenditure that is literally staggering. Under an arrangement with the Territories Department, the Australian Department of Works and Housing has in Papua-New Guinea now an establishment that embraces a thousand Europeans, many thousands of natives, and enormous equipment.

The basis of a large proportion of W. and H. operations is cement. But Australia, in the past year, has become very short of cement, and now has none for Papua-New Guinea. Both Administration and private importers have been told that they will get only a trickle of Australian cement, and other building materials, for a long time.

Arrangements accordingly were made to bring in foreign cement, especially from Japan. This is good cement, well packed in waterproof containers. Some other building materials were available from the same sources. The E. and A. Line agreed that their ships, running down from the East, should call at Port Moresby.

This pleased Territories importers. The intolerable conditions created in Australian ports by watersiders and other Red Unions have caused European shipowners to curtail their services. As a result, it has become difficult for P-NG importers to bring goods out from Europe for transshipment in Australia to Papua-New Guinea. When the E. and A. Line decided to make a Territories call, the P-NG merchants decided they could get their goods from Europe by having them shipped to Singapore or Hongkong, for transshipment there by E. and A. to Papua- New Guinea.

But now, owing to the unsatisfactory condition of the Port Moresby wharves, and the limitations of the port generally, the E. and A. Line has announced the cancellation of its scheduled calls there.

Thus, at one blow, the hopes of many kinds of importers, and especially the public works people, have been shattered.

Very strong efforts are being made to induce the E. and A. Line to resume the Territories call; but, at the moment, the prospect is depressing.

Control Over Motor Vehicles

MEANWHILE, certain “controls” as operated by uncoordinated and blundering officialdom, are causing exasperation, anger and ridicule. There is, for example, the matter of dollar exchange and motor-vehicle importations.

P-NG wants a lot of vehicles—and especially those of American make, which are most suitable for Territories conditions. After much argument, Canberra decided to make dollars available, provided that as many parts of the vehicles as possible were made in Australia and that the American (dollar-bought) parts and Australian parts were assembled in Australia. It took the P-NG importers pacific islands monthly-june, 1951

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A.E.P.I OUeAelaJ fooduel weeks of time and work, and endless headaches, to get this new system all lined up. The system was most inconvenient, and it added considerably to the delivered cost of motor-vehicles.

Now, it is noticed that certain makes of American cars are being imported in toto—that is, they are being delivered complete, and without any Australian admixture. They come from the manufacturers who have no Australian factories.

So far as P-NG is concerned, the shrewd buyers are inclined to nominate the products of the American manufacturers who have no Australian workshops.

A good example of the old saying that every “control” imposed on trade and finance breeds, in addition to exasperation and confusion, more and more “controls.”

Shipping Department In

SUSPENSION WHEN the Ward-Murray Socialist regime was fastened on P-NG after the war, the first industry taken over was shipping. Apart from the large and growing air services—which take care of passengers, mails and urgent goods— P-NG moves and has its commercial being on the water. The coastal services are of vital importance.

Ward-Murray Socialism wiped out private enterprise in shipping, created a Government Shipping Department, and proceeded to introduce a large fleet of little ships, to carry goods and passengers out to the plantations and little ports, and bring back produce. The story of its failure need not be told again. The Shipping Department followed the almost invariable pattern of all such Socialistic enterprises.

When Australia ejected the Socialist Government, it was soon decided to abolish the Socialist shipping organisation in P-NG, and private enterprise was invited to take it over.

Private enterprise, in the shape of the big trading firms, has not rushed the proposition. The “little ships” are not in an attractive condition, and port facilities are not as good as they could be, seeing that six years have passed since war left the area.

The Government ran the coastal shipping as one organisation. The private companies cannot see it that way. Conditions vary widely between the south coast of New Guinea (Papua) and the north and east coasts, and the coasts of New Britain, New Ireland and Bougainville.

So far as they have gone, negotiations indicate that Burns Philp & Co., Ltd., and Steamship Trading Co., Ltd., will jointly form a company to take over and run the coastal shipping in Papua, or the south coast thereof; while another combination, or combinations, of the big trading concerns in New Guinea will take over the rest of the establishment. The ships in New Guinea are in poorer shape than those in Papua.

Progress in discussions has been painfully slow. The chief obstacle has been the valuation of the ships to be taken over. Mr. Halvorsen, head of the wellknown Sydney firm of shipbuilders, was making his third visit —and valuation — at the end of May; while the big firms 30 JUNE. 1951-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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re hourly awaiting some decision from •. Halligan.

Some people were accusing Mr. Hallia of prevarication and delay; but Mr. lligan has had a change of Ministers, d the induction of a new Minister to :e care of.

Naturally, the new Minister will want give the final word on an important .nsaction like the sale to private enprise of the Socialist Administration’s istal fleet of little ships.

New Guinea Gold

The Ridges Mill is Operating Again F an interim report by the directors of New Guinea Goldfields Limited, at the end of May, it was announced that i amalgamation section of the treat nt mill at Golden Ridges, near Wau, > now been completed, and the plant undergoing a running-in period, using ow grade ore. 7he through-put and grade of ore will stepped up gradually, and it was exted that this section would be running full capacity (100 tons per day) within couple of weeks. Tailings from this nt will be stored pending construction :he plant to extract residual gold values cyanidation process.

The production and sale of timber conues to be satisfactory,” said the direcs, “and the income from alluvials is ag maintained at recent levels.” ulolo Co. Strikes a Bad Patch ECAUSE its European staff will not work overtime (more than 40 hours per week) unless higher wages are iceded, the dredges of Bulolo GD Ltd. /e been on reduced output since late April.

'ollowing on that, the directors decided close down dredges 3 and 6, owing to 5 reduction in returns, plus higher (rating costs, and about 30 European ployees were sent back to Australia. l third dredge, the big No. 5, which ned turtle last year as a result of a lapse of a bank alongside, and which > subsequently righted, is still out of ion, pending repairs. There has been iculty in getting necessary spare parts, ’his company, which has been a conent money-spinner since the early rties (minus the war years, of course) ms to have struck bad luck and bad ntry.

Japs For Nt Pearling?

)ME pearling men in the Northern Territory and Torres Strait waters think that if Japanese pearl divers not allowed to return to the industry .rling “will fold up.” >ne pearler, Mr. H. S. Cross, says that is shortly going to Japan to get divers 1 luggers and that he hopes to bring m out as soon as a peace treaty is led with Japan. If the Commonwealth uses the Jap entry, then he would work teams from Portuguese Timor, he said, t is believed that the Immigration misery Council, which advises the Auslian Minister of Immigration on tricted migration, will soon consider ether Japs should be allowed into rth Australia again. The Council hides representatives of ex-servicemen’s anisations. t seems that not everyone in Darwin if the same opinion as Mr. Cross —and •ugh most admit that the Japs made • pearling industry, many are doubtful they should be allowed back. It is ieved that many of the pre-war Jap lugger skippers were Jap Navy officers who plotted the approaches to Darwin harbour and engaged in other espionage.

Amongst recent arrivals in Western Samoa were Mr. and Mrs. W. F. Meredith, Mr. and Mrs. A. M. Macdonald and the Apia Harbourmaster, Captain W. Jones and Mrs. Jones, returning after a holiday in New Zealand; President and Mrs.

Paul and Mr. Paul Jnr., of the L.D.S.

Mission President Paul succeeds President Hale who, with Mrs. Hale, returned to the United States.

Amongst those departing were the Hon.

E. F. Paul M.L.A, and Mr, G. T. Jackson, Apia solicitor who left by plane for a short visit to New Zealand: Captain Fred K. Allen, who had acted as harbourmaster for the past three months during the absence of Captain Jones; Mr. R.

Hoare, of Avele Boys’ School, who has resigned; and Mr. and Mrs. A. G. Smyth off for a well earned holiday in Australia, Miss Mildred Earle of the Australian Broadcasting Commission will shortly be married to Mr. George Woodward of Port Moresby.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Some Of The Dexters Of Tahiti

MRS. GEORGE DEXTER, of Tahiti, and some of her children photographed just before leaving Papeete for Auckland, New Zealand, on April 2.

She with daughter Moko, will have six months’ holiday in the Dominion which is the country of her birth. She has lived n Tahiti for 31 years, having left NZ as i young wife with her husband and eight months old daughter Olga in 1919. She has not been back since. Mr. George Dexter is the son of the late Captain G.

Dexter of Papeete.

Mr. and Mrs. Dexter have 10 daughters, two sons and 15 grand-children.

Noumea's Societe Touristique et Hoteliere placed its Anse Vata villas at tne disposal of the South Pacific Commission for its recent conference. Each furnished villa was let at the rate of 30/per day, including breakfast. 33 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Mr. R. H. (Bobby) Gibbes, owner of r B hfs'S ed He^r^d e opeStio P n?n the Territory 3i years ago with one Auster aircraft. Most of his passengers are native labourers and most of his freight is foodstuffs and other supplies for isolated outposts. Mr. Gibbs now 35, was a Whig Commander in the had service in the Middle East and the Pacific where he won the DSO and DFC.

Navy Crew for Matua Essential Goods to be Taken To Island Ports From Our Own Correspondent , APIA, May 22.

EWS has now been received that the Matua is to leave Auckland with a Naval crew for an emergency trip to Fiji, Tonga, Niue and Apia to bring essential foodstuffs. She is expected in Apia on or about June 2.

The New Zealand waterside strike which has continued now for over three months, is adversely affecting Samoa’s export and import trade. The Matua has missed three of her monthly trips and we have been completely cut off from our regular sources of supply in Australia and New Zealand. Apia stores and trading stations all over the Territory are now extremely short of stocks of essential foodstuffs and household goods such as meats, butter, flour, sugar, soap, tobacco and many other goods usually obtained from New Zealand and Australia.

The shortages of sugar and flour were temporarily relieved by the arrival of the SS Eastbank on April 16, with supplies of brown sugar and biscuits from Suva, Fiji and a limited supply of flour transshipped at Suva. But the acute shortage of refrigerated goods, potatoes and onions is felt by the public which looks forward eagerly to the arrival of much-wanted supplies.

The SS Eastbank lifted about 4,000 tons of copra for the British Ministry of Food and 300 tons of Samoan cocoabeans.

On May 2, the Union S.S. Co. SS Waihemo reached Apia with a cargo of canned fish and lumber from Canada and USA. The Waihemo left Apia on May 5 with 900 tons of copra and about 100 tons of cocoabeans for Auckland via Suva As she had last called at Papeete, Tahiti, where cases of infantile paralysis have occurred, she was placed under strict quarantine and stevedores working the ship were domiciled for some time at the Quarantine Station to prevent contact with the people on shore.

Miss Shirley Mcßae left Sydney for the New Hebrides in May. She will supervise teaching staff of the Presbyterian Mission, Vila. 34 JUNE 13 5 1 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Rabaul To Rapopo

Europeans Grim But Reconciled :: Chinese Are Not Happy rHE Europeans of Rabaul seem to be grimly resigned to the official decision that, at the earliest possible loment, the administrative establishment hall be transferred from Rabaul, among he volcanoes, to Rapopo (near Kokopo), ome 20 miles south of the line of earthaults.

So far, there is no direct official com- >ulsion upon the non-official people— pparently, they can remain in Rabaul : they wish. But, presumably, the Adlinistration is not going to make public ervices available at Rabaul—and a luropean trading community cannot do inch without port, post office, police and üblic works facilities.

Just to help matters along, the Adlinistration, on a Sunday in May, made big plane available, and took a large arty of Rabaul residents across to the lainland, where they were flown aoroughly over the region devastated by ae Mt. Lamington eruption. There was 10 doubt about the impression made ipon the Rabaul-ites; and there has een no active and little passive resistnce by Europeans to the plan for abanoning Rabaul.

But the Chinese community, which has one a lot of building in Rabaul in the ist three or four years, is taking a very im view of the situation and, with true ►riental fatalism, it is likely that many hinese will refuse to move out of Rabaul, o matter how the ground shakes and the olcanoes mutter.

There is certain to be talk of comensation: and there is some moral obliation upon the Administration, because oe Administration for so long dithered r ith the problem of Rabaul. It could have iven a lead in 1946 just as easily as in 951, and thus avoided a great amount f inconvenience and expense.

Some Rabaul Residents Still Sceptical From a Special Correspondent RABAUL, May 16.

JINCE the announcement that Rabaul j is to be abandoned in favour of Rapopo, there have been two schools f thought amongst local residents. One ection favours the wild snort and “we ron’t see it in our time;” the others rofess to believe that we will be out of ere and established at the new town site ithin six months.

Those who have -seen the Mt. Lamingsn devastation urge a move at once, and ne of our most reputable citizens who as seen Lamington and who was here uring the 1937 eruption, feels that Rabaul citizens were just lucky on that ccasion and that there could have been reat loss of life.

Bulldozers and graders are already at rork on the Rapopo site, but although he job has been given top priority, Rabaul citizens have been hoaxed so many imes that many of them refuse to believe util they see Rapopo an accomplished act. But, in the meantime, many who lad intended to build in Rabaul have tayed their hand and it seems that here n the old town we are in for a period of tagnation.

One of the projects to which a halt has ieen called is the Church of England, t rectory has recently been completed md the new rector and his daughter have arrived. But it has been decided to use the large enclosed verandah of the rectory as a chapel for the time being instead of going ahead with a separate church.

Mv Gona On Reef In

New Guinea

IT was reported in Sydney late in May that the 62 ft. motor-vessel Gona, owned by G. V. Miller & Co., Ltd., of Bougainville, had gone on the reef at Djaul Island, near New Ireland.

The Gona had been advertised for sale in the May PIM, and was reported in good condition.

It was hoped that she would be towed off and taken to Rabaul. 35 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Annual Meeting Of P-Ng

PUBLIC SERVICE ASSN.

AT the annual general meeting of the Public Service Association in Port Moresby, recently, Mr. A. A. Roberts was elected president in succession to Mr.

C. L. Anthony who has held the post for the past 21 years. Other officials for the coming year are: vice-president, Mr. R.

Brennan; treasurer, Mr. M. Dali; general secretary, Mr. J. H. Irvine.

Due to pressure of other duties Mr.

Anthony did not stand for re-election. The Association now has branches at Wewak, Madang, Lae, Wau, Manus, New Ireland.

Bougainville, Rabaul, and at the School of Pacific Administration. The Association’s membership has shown a marked increase over the past year and now totals 720. There are also 72 members of the Papuan and New Guinea Retired Officers’ Association which is affiliated with the PSA.

New Samoan Political Party

From Our Own Correspondent, APIA, May 22.

ANEW Samoan political party, a completely new development in Samoa’s checkered political history, was formed at Apia recently. It aims at certain political reforms and the creation or a democratic system of franchise similar to the system in force for the European section of the community.

The new party will strive to achieve these aims and other political, social and economic reforms by legitimate and constitutional methods and is at present canvassing the various districts of Upolu and Savaii soliciting the support of the Samoan people.

Various meetings have been held and a strong committee representing most of the districts of Samoa has been elected.

The President of the new party is J. B.

Fonoti, a High Chief and a member of the Legislative Assembly during its last term.

A photograph taken after the wedding of Mr. [?] F. Holland to Miss Mary Baker in Adelaide, A. in March. Mr. Holland is the only son of [?]rs. W. H. Holland, of Armadale, Victoria, and he late Mr. H. D. Holland, of Rabaul, New [?]uinea. 37 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Agent in Territory of Papua-New Guinea: N. F. Maloney and Co.

Mr. E. J. Frame, general manager of Burns Philp and Co. (New Guinea), Ltd., has left Port Moresby on four months’ leave. Mr. A. T. Davidson, Port Moresby branch manager, will act as general manager, and Mr. Bernard Ryan, manager at Rabaul, has gone over to Moresby to temporarily fill Mr. Davidson’s place.

During his stay in Australia Mr. Frame will have a short spell in hospital—a minor adjustment relating to gallstones.

Death Of W. Samoan

RESIDENT M RS ' BELLA STOWERS, wife of the lormer member of the Legislative Assembly Mr W Stowers died nt her home at Magia in Western Samoa cn AprU iG afteTa’short fllS. ’

Mrs. Stowers, descendant of one of the pioneer families of Samoa, was a wellknown and greatly respected resident.

Cook Islanders Offer To Work NZ Ships, Wharves AITUTAKI Island Council (Cook Islands) offered the New Zealand Government a labour force to help work on the wharves or to man ships held up in New Zealand because of the watersiders-seamens’ strike.

The offer was declined, although NZ Minister for External Affairs said that the Government was gratified at “this spontaneous expression of loyalty and cooperation on the part of the people of Aitutaki.” - The Cook Islanders are unlikely to have made their offer in a spirit of pure altruism, however, or for the gratification of the NZ Government. When there are no ships to the Islands there is no export of fruit, and when there is no export of fruit, the Cook Islanders have no money. They naturally would like to see the ships moving again and, applying a simple solution to it, offered their services to get this done. But the settling of industrial troubles never seems to have a simple solution these days; they must be approached in a manner that was once reserved for high level diplomatic discussions between nations.

The NZ strike seemed, at the end of May, after 13 or 14 weeks duration, to be fizzling out. Possibly the Islanders will have ships again shortly if the Australian watersiders and seamen do not, as appears likely, espouse the lost cause of their New Zealand buddies. 38 JUNE. 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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SOME of the disabilities under which the good-class Indians of Fiji may suffer are illustrated in the case of 18-year-old M. Khalid Abdullah, who has ?one from Fiji to study medicine at the University of California.

This youth completed his secondary education at Natabua Government High School, last year, having won a Fiji Government scholarship in 1947.

His father is Mr. M. Abdullah, headnaster of the Vunimono Muslim School it Nausori. Mr. and Mrs. Abdullah irrived in Fiji in 1931, to take charge of ;hat school, and since then they have had fight sons and two daughters, all born in The Indian Muslims are among Fiji’s most desirable immigrants.

It was decided to send Khalid to join ais brother, who is a second-year student it the San Francisco City College of iST f °o?

Vancouver-thronly^wayh^ould get to San Francisco. When he reached Vancouver, he was held there by the immigration authorities, for 16 days, while American officials dealt with and granted his application to cross the border. The lad had been booked into a Vancouver hotel; but it was deemed wiser that he should remain in the care of the Canadian immigration department, at their barracks. He renorts that he was treated with kindness and consideration.

There is no United States Consulate in Fiji, SO Khalid’s only course was to proceed at his own risk to Vancouver, and there apply in person at the American Consulate for the necessary visa.

A Fiji Rugby team will visit New Zealand this football season. They will arrived from Fiji probably about July 18, and play various fixtures extending over a period of about six or eight weeks.

Mary Edwards Exhibition

IN SUVA rHE Grand Pacific Hotel, Suva, was again the meeting place for all interested in art, when an exhibition )f paintings of Fijian subjects by the Australian artist, Mary Edwards, was ►pened on April 25. The paintings were >n display for one week.

Miss Edwards has been a frequent fisitor to Fiji, and her paintings have iroused considerable interest wherever hey have been exhibited.

Cat Trouble tyriss EDWARDS’ exhibition apparently ltl was a success, but she had plenty of cat trouble.

When she left Sydney for Fiji on the rambua, she took with her a black kitten.

F’iji health authorities would not permit ;he cat (Sally) to land as it had no health certificates, so Sally stayed on the ship.

When the Tambua reached Sydney again, ;he NSW authorities would not permit Sally to land either —because there were 10 certificates from Fiji.

Miss Edwards sought the help of Government officials, Federal Minister of Realth, Sir Earl Page, her solicitor and die RSPCA and finally won the day.

Sally went free.

The Master of the Tambua, Capt, L. M.

Dollins, was not available for comment n Sydney.

It’s an ill-wind that blows nowhere, lowever. Miss Edwards has presented the RSPCA with one of her paintings, valued at £5O.

Mr. and Mrs. Abdullah, and their family, say [?]arewell to Khalid, who is seated in the centre. 39 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Month In Papua-N. Guinea

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, May 28.

ANOTHER volcanic area came into the news during May. This is an old crater and lava dome forming one of the peaks of Mount Taroka in Southern Bougainville.

The vulcanologist’s aerial survey disclosed no signs of any recent eruption, but there are three small patches of hot ground lying like small open sores against the green of the forest-covered slopes.

These show the usual sulphur tint and one was giving off slight wisps of steam.

The vulcanologist, Mr. Taylor, based his observations on the aerial survey and warned that further ground inspection vas needed. He considered, however, that ;here had been no eruption at Mt. Taroka 'or at least a hundred years. He said that )n present evidence, there was no need for ilarm or for evacuation of villages in the id joining areas. But it was necessary to ceep the mountain under observation by i ground patrol, as any renewal of activity could be dangerous.

So there is now a third volcanic area in Bougainville to be watched. The other ;wo, of course, are Mt. Bagana and Mt.

Balbi, both of which are active volcanoes.

Mount Taroka rises to just over 7,000 "eet with four or five peaks, and the hot 'round occurs just below a peak of about >,OOO feet. The whole mountain mass is sxceedingly rugged and juts above rough ;ountry. It is all forest-covered and is ibout three days’ walk north of Buin. An irmy jeep road extends about half the listance, and the remainder would keep - patrol moving steadily to cover the the ground in U days. There are perhaps five or six villages within a five mile radius of the volcanic peak. This peak is actually the old lava dome rising out of a crater, and between the base of the dome and the crater rim lies a narrow horseshoe-shaped lake known as Lake Loloru, in which areas of hot water are known to occur. European and native reports all indicate that it has been known for some time as a thermal region.

The first ground patrol report also indicated that Lake Loloru was the centre of thermal activity, but more detailed information is expected later when closer investigation has been made. This is a tough assignment and a detailed survey will be a very difficult job.

NOTHING very much has occurred at the Lamington crater where the normal variations of volcanic activity have occurred throughout the past month. However, it is understood that it may be building up for another “blow” shortly. This surmise is based on the record of Mt. Pelee. One report going the rounds is that it may erupt on quite a big scale within the next week or so, and it should then subside into steadily dwindling activity. The alternative is no renewal of eruptions and a steady decline until it becomes just another old crater pock-marking the landscape.

But volcanoes, particularly the Pelean type, rarely run to text-book rules, and a close watch is still being maintained at the Sangara Station.

IN the middle of May a quarantine was placed on the movement of all natives in and out of the Sepik District due to an outbreak of measles. The disease started at Angoram and then spread to Wewak, and at the time that the quarantine was imposed 500 cases had occurred.

This has temporarily halted recruiting in the area, and special arrangements have been made for time-expired contract natives to remain at their places of employment as casual workers until the quarantine ends. (Continued Next Page) PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE 1951

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THE naval sloop, HMAS Shoalhaven, made a goodwill cruise in Territory waters during May. She arrived at Port Moresby on May 12 and sailed on the 15th for Dreger Harbour where the Administrator, Colonel Murray, boarded the ship for part of its Island cruise. Port Moresby folks turned on a full programme of hospitality and entertainment for the ship’s personnel, and both guests and hosts thoroughly enjoyed the short visit.

The Konedobu and Murray Heights Clubs did a great job entertaining the Shoalhaven lads, also the RSL and the Red Cross. The Administration chipped in with bus transport for a Sunday picnic in the hills, and the various sporting clubs did their full share in arranging special football, cricket, tennis, golf, and other fixtures for the visitors.

From Dreger Harbour the sloop went to Aitape, then Wewak and Manus. Calls were made at Lou and Baluan Islands south of Manus, and then at Bogia, Saidor and Madang. with the cruise terminating at the last-named port on May 29. The sloop then sailed for Australia.

A WORKS and Housing employee, Francis Henry Mohr, 27, disappeared overboard from a small ship at Milne Bay on May 10 and is now presumed drowned.

He was a passenger on the Kwato Mission ship, Osiri, which was on its way to Milne Bay, and towards dusk other passengers felt a bump against the side of the ship, and then saw a person’s head come to the surface of the sea just behind the ship. It was then noticed that Mr. Mohr was no longer on board. A diver from the lugger, Crystal Star, went to his rescue immediately, with members of the crew, but it was then almost dark and their attempts were unsuccessful. Mr.

Mohr was a single man and his family reside in Victoria.

ON April 23, Mr. John Nolan, owner of the luggers Crystal Star and Lochiel died at the Nimoa Catholic Mission Station from the effects of continuous diving at deep levels. (See May PIM).

Both luggers were working the trochus shell beds of south-eastern Papua, as the first step towards developing a trochus shell industry from a fleet of luggers.

Medical reports indicated that Nolan collapsed on April 22 after he had dived at least eight times to a depth of 20 fathoms. He had remained on the surface only a few minutes between each dive, and had come straight up from the shell beds instead of by slow stages. Information given by his European crew told how he had shown signs of exhaustion before his collapse, and two days before his last 42 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

we Hand it to you paint Real economy demands that you buy only good paint the best paint. Sherwin- Williams Paints and Finishes are the result of constant and intensive research by a compact corps of field specialists and qualified paint consultants. The combined fruits of this extensive research and developmental work by the Sherwin-Williams companies throughout the Empire are available to you when you specify Sherwin-Williams Paint for all tough assignments . . . espec ially those under trop •cal climatic conditions.

Sherwin-Williams Paint To meet the test of the tropics COLYER WATSON (NEW GUINEA) LTD. dive had been cautioned by a medical officer in the area not to dive for at least two days.

Mr. Nolan’s record as a diver showed that he had very unusual powers of endurance, and although diving to about 20 fathoms wore only a helmet.

After seven or eight dives on Sunday, April 22, he came to the surface and ordered the crew to a new location, then collapsed. He was taken to the Nimoa Catholic Mission Station where, despite the care of a Mission nurse, he died in the early hours next day. He was about 30.

He arrived in the Territory with the two luggers during March, with the intention of checking trochus shell possibilities. If these were favourable, he intended to transfer the three other ships of his fleet from the Thursday Island pearling grounds.

The tragic death of this enterprising newcomer to the Territory was a shock to all who had known him during his short stay in the Islands.

Shortly after Mr. Nolan’s death, his business manager arrived in the Territory from Thursday Island and announced that the two luggers would continue operating in the Papua and New Guinea area. In addition, the other three trawlers of the Nolan fleet—the Josey, the Elian and the Gwen May would move from Thursday Island to the Territory during June to engage in trochus fishing.

It is understood that the shell will be sold in USA at a guaranteed price.

THERE is no money problem about building the new base hospitals at Lae and Port Moresby, as funds totalling £816,500 have been allocated for the Lae project, and £906,500 for the Port Moresby Hospital.

Territory people are awaiting news about the letting of tenders and the estimated dates for completion of these jobs.

THE Territory’s Jubilee Celebrations officially opened at Port Moresby on May 9 with an exclusively native programme. This was a great success and got the Jubilee programme away to a good start. The all-day programme opened with a parade of decorated floats entered by various native groups. It is believed this was the first time floats had ever been featured as part of a public celebration in the Territory. The first prize went to the Catholic mission which entered a special hospital float demonstrating the work of the Catholic Hospital. It was a really fine turn-out with cots, native trainee nurses and even a pair of small but thriving twins who would have had little chance of survival but for the skilled modern care provided by the Mission Hospital.

The second prize went to a float carrying a well-made model of a new Hanuabada timber house, and by contrast, at the rear, a replica of the old style grass hut. The banner carried the title “Hanuabada Project.”

While the judges looked over this entry a lot of small European girls also had their eye on it, as the timber model was just about ideal for a really super doll’s house. All the work on this entry, like the others, was the work of the natives themselves.

Third prize went to the Indubada Technical centre which exhibited a very clever model of the Sydney Harbour Bridge and also small structural spans made from bamboo. The prize winners put up a fine demonstration of the progress being made by the more advanced natives.

There was plenty of chance to measure the progress since several floats went back to pre-European times for their motif such as the old gag about a European in the cooking pot, and also decorated canoes with crews wearing the equivalent of a Papuan fig leaf.

The Scouts showed good appreciation of the Jubilee theme by a “then and now” contrast—at the front of the truck were tribal warriors with primitive weapons, painted bodies, and weird' and seldomseen hairstyles, while at the back were smartly turned out scouts in their khaki uniforms and neat pale blue neckerchiefs.

After the float parade, which attracted very big crowds, including Europeans as well as natives, an all-day sports programme started, interspersed with speeches, and the day wound up with an open-air movie programme at Ela Beach.

All in all, it was a very successful programme, and a credit to its organisers!

STEAMSHIPS Trading Company at Port Moresby is making good progress with the building of its new premises. When it is completed, residents will be able to go window shopping as the new store is to have plate glass display windows.

The new building will occupy double (Continued on page 77) PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE 1961

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COMMISSION Decisions of Seventh Session at Noumea Headquarters: Anse Vata, Noumea, New Caledonia THE Seventh Session of the South Pacific Commission was held at its headquarters in Noumea from April 28 to May 7. Delegations attended from the member Governments of Australia, France, the Netherlands, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. The Session was under the Chairmanship of Australia; and, pending the arrival of Mr. J. R. Halligan, Professor K. O. Shatwell, as chairman, opened the procedings.

In his opening address, the Chairman remarked that the foundation of the South Pacific Commission was a proof that at the end of World War II there were to be found among the leaders of six nations men of vision and of historical sense.

“Men not forced to make a hurried accommodation by the necessity of events,” he continued, “but who rather sought by wisdom and foresight to accord their actions with the emerging pattern of history, and by common action to achieve the common good. But as with every other ideal, the only test is the extent to which it becomes realized in the lives of ordinary men.”

The Chairman went on to say that the Commission was at a critical point in its history. The machinery had been set up and was beginning to work; but whether its work would achieve what its founders hoped depended upon the continued labours of all who were then associated with it. “There are most encouraging signs,” continued the Chairman. “Some of them are to be discerned in the matters which will be discussed at this Session.”

Programme of Work Consideration by the Commission of its work programme for 1951 was an important item on the agenda.

In the field of Social Development, the Commission authorised publication of a report on the vocational training of island peoples. This was prepared by Mr. R. A.

Derrick, Director of Technical Training, Fiji, who last year was loaned to the Commission to conduct a six months’ survey of vocational training throughout the South Pacific.

The Commission decided that a specialist be engaged to investigate the possibile costs and other planning necessary should a decision be made by the member Governments to encourage the development of a centralised traininginstitution or institutions for islands peoples.

Two projects in applied anthropology were approved. One provides for promotion of studies of de-population and over-population problems in various areas of the South Pacific. The second will comprise investigations of means for assisting Islands peoples to play a more important part in commerce and industry in the area.

Plant and Animal Quarantine Plant and animal quarantine in the South Pacific, and fisheries, were the main subjects discussed in the field of economic development.

The Commission unanimously declared the report of the Plant and Animal Quarantine Conference held at Suva in 45 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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April to be a highly valuable contribution to the protection of the territories of the South Pacific against pests, diseases and weeds. The report was transmitted to the member Governments for further study and action. „ „ Meanwhile, a sum of £Stg.3,ooo was made available to enable effect to be given to recommendations of the report.

These include the appointment of a research officer who, among other duties, will develop an information service concerning pests, diseases and weeds of the region. Plant quarantine and animal advisory committees are to be set up, comprising officials and specialists from both member Governments and territorial administrations. They will serve as technical committees to advise the Commission in dealing with plant and animal quarantine matters.

Fish Resources The full investigation of the fisheries resources of the South Pacific forms one of the most important of the economic projects to be undertaken by the Commission.

At this Session it was decided to appoint a fisheries expert to survey the fisheries problems of the region and advise the Commission regarding future research requirements. He will investigate such matters as local fishing techniques, and the transport, storage, processing and marketing of fish.

Filaria and Leprosy In the field of health, the Commission made available a grant of up to £Stg.Boo to the Medical Research Institute of French Oceania for investigation into filariasis in Tahiti.

The Commission is sponsoring a filariasis conference of world experts, to meet in Papeete next August.

Following requests from territories, the Commission has authorised the engagement of a specialist in leprosy. His services will be available in an advisory capacity to territories on request.

South Pacific Conference A progress report was approved at this Session on action taken on the recommendations concerning the welfare of Islands peoples contained in the resolutions of the First South Pacific Conference held in Fiji in April, 1950. (This Conference is a subsidiary body to the Commission, and provides a direct link between it and the Islands peoples it is designed to serve. The First Conference was attended by 28 delegates and. 32 alternates and advisers, the majority being indigenous peoples from the 15 territories in the Commission area.) At the invitation of the French authorities, the Second South Pacific Conference will be held in Noumea early in 1953.

Tribute to W. D. Forsyth At the closing meeting of the Session, on May 7, high tribute was paid to the work of the retiring Secretary-General, Mr. W. D. Forsyth, who will return to 46 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Australia in June to resume duty with the Department of External Affairs, from which he was given extended leave in 1948 to become the first Secretary- General of the Commission.

The Commission recorded by resolution its high regard for Mr, Forsyth, and its recognition of the inestimable value of the efficient and untiring service he had rendered to the Commission, The Commission decided to offer the post of Secretary-General to Sir Brian Freeston, K.C.M.G., 0.8. E., present Governor of Fiji, and High Commissioner for the Western Pacific. Sir Brian has been Senior Commissioner for the United Kingdom on the Commission since its inception.

At the final meeting Mr. John Ryan was appointed Deputy Secretary-General.

He had been acting in this post for some months. The next Session of the Commission will be held in October.

What The Commission Is

DOING Activities in Numerous Fields AS an indication of the work that the Commission is doing, it may be noted that the following projects are now in hand, or listed for early attention: HEALTH Epidemiology and Quarantine —Improvement of epidemiological intelligence service. Standardisation of quarantine regulations relating to non-pestilential diseases.

Nutrition, including Infant Feeding- Study of infant foods. Determination of the nutritive value of island foods. Establishment of a “nutrition map” of the area.

Tuberculosis—lnvestigation of simple techniques for individual diagnosis and of epidemiological techniques, including studies of:— (a) The different antigens and methods used in tuberculin tests; (b) The radiographic appearances in different races at different ages; (c) The techniques for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Filariasis and Elephantiasis—Establishment of liaison between various field groups working on filariasis and elephantiasis. Research to determine further specific investigations needed on these diseases and organisation of the conduct of these investigations. Conference of experts to be held in 1951.

Ophthalmology—Classification of eye liseases in the area. Advice to territorial lealth services on diagnosis, treatment and control.

Leprosy—Study of local conditions meeting leprosy. Advice to territorial lealth services on a uniform system of Jiagnosis and control.

Malaria—Research on control of nalaria. Advice to territorial administrations on preventative measures.

Venereal Diseases—Studv of local conations affecting venereal diseases. Advice o territorial health services on a uniform system of diagnosis and control.

Economic Development

Introduction Gardens—lntroduction of economic plants to the area and their ransfer within the area for studv and mprovement in special gardens and iboretums.

Cash Crops—lnvestigation of informalon available on copra, cacao, coffee, tea md rice, especially with regard to imirovements in quality and in methods of •reduction, and to possibilities of future levelopment.

Pasture and Livestock—lmprovement of he quality of tropical pasture grasses and tock, and promotion of better farming nethods. 6 Land-Use Survey—Correlation and disemination of information on land utilisation, arising from land-use surveys which may be carried out in South Pacific territories.

Grading of Agricultural Products—Establishment of uniform grading of agricultural products traded in the area, the grades to be both satisfactory to buyers and within the capacity of island producers.

Coral Atolls—A study of atoll and low island economy with a view to discovering ways of increasing the quantity and variety of subsistence and commercial crops, improving domestic animals, and exploiting fisheries and native handicrafts.

Fisheries—Survey of the area with particular attention to indigenous fishing methods. Consideration of fish marketinf =, anc * processing, poisonous fish, pond culture and deep-sea fishing techniques, Subsistence of Indigenous Peoples— Investigation of subsistence economy, especially domesticated and wild food materials, processing and preservation of fo .o? s > an ? equipment and working topis, with a view to amplifying diet and increasing efficiency of production, Control of Pests, Diseases and Weeds— Investigation of the pests, diseases and (Continued on page 73) PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Polio Outbreak in BSI Some Gases Also in Papua MORE than 300 cases of polio had been reported in an outbreak in the British Solomon Islands up till mid- May. There have been a number of native deaths. A European died on May 6 shortly before the arrival of an iron lung that had been rushed by air from Sydney to aid him.

THE Papua-New Guinea Health Department has quarantined all ships arriving in the Territory from BSI.

After entering Territory ports they must remain in quarantine for three weeks and no personnel will be allowed to land during that period.

However, to avoid hardship to BSI people, the normal air service from the Territory to Honiara will be allowed to continue. But the schedule has been amended so the plane will not remain at Honiara overnight, and air crews are avoiding all direct contact while on the BSI airstrip.

Already one case of poliomyelitis has accurred at Buin following the visit of Shortland Island natives to a village, rhis village has been isolated but up till May 20 no ban had been placed on the novement of Europeans to and from the Bougainville area. However, visitors are jeing warned not to move among the natives.

The minor outbreak of poliomyelitis at Sudest, Louisiade Archipelago, Papua, appears to have ended. Twelve cases >ccurred, one of which was fatal. All :ases were native. (Note: There have been over 1,100 cases )f polio in NSW this year—every day mything from two to a dozen new cases ire reported. Yet no one has thought to luarantine Australian ships or aircraft mtering Territory ports. This may be jecause polio is. considered more or less endemic in Australia; certainly it seems to bear little resemblance to the epidemics that have flared up in BSI and Papua and other Pacific Islands in recent years, only to die out as quickly as they have appeared. Polio was little known in the South Pacific Islands until recently; possibly there is some medical explanation as to why it should suddenly manifest its presence, but to the layman it appears to be an unpleasant mystery.)

Australian General

Visits P-Ng

M AJ *?on GE M E H^ L V 'r- C ‘ SE^ OMEE / GQC Northern Command left Brisbane for Townsville on May 16 and later went on to Port Moresby. He inspected army establishments there and visited Lae, Madang, Wau, Rabaul and other Territory centres.

It was a see-for-himself tour brought about by reports that there had been Communist infiltration into New Guinea.

He also made himself conversant with civil and defence set-ups in P-NG.

Anzac Day In Vila

Prom Our Own Correspondent VILA, May 10.

TO Australians, wherever they may be, Anzac Day has a special significance.

April 25, is not, of course, a holiday in the New Hebrides, but to mark this, the 35th anniversary of the landing at Gallipoli, Mr. and Mrs. Terry Young invited 50 guests, in addition to the small Australian colony in Vila, to an informal cocktail party at their home on the evening of that day.

The British Resident Commissioner, Mr. H. G. Flaxman was present. M.

Anthonioz, the French Resident Commissioner was unable to attend owing to his absence on a tour of the northern islands of the group.

Princess Elizabeth’s birthday occurred on the previous Monday. It was marked by a public holiday for the British section of the community. No functions to commemorate the event were held. 49 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Death Of Nils Bowman

THE death, due to peritonitis, of Mr.

Nils Alfred Bowman, was reported from Rabaul, NG, on May 1.

Four years ago Mr. Bowman joined the P-NG Customs Department and was one of the most popular Customs officers ever to serve in Rabaul. Previously he had been with Burns Philp & Co. for 20 years.

He had a fine war record with the 2nd AIF both in New Guinea and the Middle East. After recovering from an attack of typhus during the Buna campaign, he returned immediately to his unit which was then engaged in front line fighting.

He is survived by his wife and two small daughters.

While the RCS Kurimarau, BSI interisland copra ship, is away in Suva for overhaul and slipping—a job that will take several months—Burns Philp’s small motor-vessel Muliama is assisting in copra collecting around the BSI Group.

Allocation of Lamington Relief Fund From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, May 25.

The Mt. Lamington Relief Appeal Committee has drafted a tentative plan for allocation of the Fund. This was decided on when the Fund was approaching a total of £lB,BOO and there was a ten-day period before it closed.

The provisional arrangement is to allocate £lO,OOO for the needs of widows and children of Europeans who died in the disaster, and £5,000 for native relief and rehabilitation. This £5,000 will be made available to the Administrator, Colonel Murray, and it is understood that he will appoint a committee of government officers to distribute tools and other equipment purchased from this money.

The Committee further decided that consideration should be given to cases of hardship incurred by European residents of Higaturu who were not at the station during the disaster, but who lost their personal possessions.

The Committee added that if the Fund reached £19,500 to £20,000, as appears possible, all the additional money will be allocated after consideration of further information now awaited by the Committee.

Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing ADVICE has been received from Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing Ltd. that during the month of April, 1951. 94 oz. of gold were recovered from 10,707 cubic yards of material treated at their Morobe, New Guinea, leases. 50 JUNE, 1951- — PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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COLYER WATSON (guinea) LTD RABAUL MAD A N G KAVI E N G Another Morsel for BSI Planters From Our Own Correspondent HONIARA, May 7.

THE BSIP copra price has been raised to £AS3 at Yandina and £52/15/- at Honiara, as from May 14. (Formerly it was £ASI.) Fees of the Copra Board’s agents have been assessed at £2/10/- per ton at Yandina and £2/15 - at Honiara, and these figures have been accepted by the agents.

In the past, the fees paid to the Board’s Agents at Yandina and Honiara have contained percentages covering insurance and loss from shrinkage. These commitments will in future be undertaken by the Board.

The Chairman of the Copra Board (Mr. V. J. Andersen) announcing the new prices, said; “The new purchase prices at Yandina and Honiara may be argued by some copra producers and traders to reveal that the Board has been making excessive profits on its transactions, but I would ask you to bear in mind that the Board is committed to an average monthly expenditure of approximately £43,000 and that as the Banks Line ships do not call here every month the Board may have to make an outlay approaching £BO,OOO before being reimbursed by the Ministry of Food. I mean, of course, that this will happen when the present system ceases—at present the Ministry of Food advances 75 per cent, of the value of each month’s purchases. It will then be necessary to obtain an overdraft: Interest on a Bank overdraft is an expensive item, and the Protectorate copra industry will benefit from the fact that the Board has accumulated assets which can be employed to lessen the amount of overdraft required thus saving expenditure on interest.” (BSI planters who are forced to jump through the hoops which bureaucracy provides and who have no redress, will no doubt be thankful for small mercies, even to the extent of a pound or two.

However, they are scarcely likely to be impressed with this rigmarole about bank overdraft interest, if and when the MOF changes its buying tactics. In the New Hebrides planters are receiving £9O per ton for very ordinary copra and the world parity price is over twice what the MOF is paying British colonies on contract. The BSI planters did not want a contract with the MOF. If they had been permitted to sell their copra themselves the BSI Copra Board would be relieved of its anticipatory trembling over bank interest—indeed, there would be no Board at all.)

Death Of Father Harold

THOMPSON Father harold Thompson, an Anglican missionary who had spent nearly 30 years in the South Pacific, died at the Eroro Mission Hospital near Gona, Papua, on May 8.

Aged 70, Father Thompson became ill at Kumbum early in April and died a month after admission to hospital.

His work as a missionary included 11 years as priest in charge of Ambusi and Sangara in the Diocese of New Guinea, and in the Diocese of Melanesia, where he was in charge of mission work at Arawe and Lupun in New Britain. Later he became principal of the New Vureas School in the New Hebrides, and after the war returned to New Britain and re-established the mission station of St. Boniface at Kumbum.

Paa Interested In Tahiti

THE San Francisco Examiner ox February 8, said that Pan American Airways had applied for permission to include Tahiti and French Oceania in its services.

Mr. H. F. Mille, Divisional Sales Traffic Manager, said that PAA hoped to make Tahiti a stop between Hawaii and Samoa, on the San Francisco-Australia run.

The new service, inaugurated between Honolulu and French Oceania, by the Tahiti-Hawaii Airways, was abandoned after the first trip.

Mr. O. J. Symes, of Honiara, left Sydney by air for the Solomon Islands at the end of May, after a month’s furlough in Australia. 51 pacific islands MO N T(H IY-J U N E , 1951

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SYDNEY AGENTS: NELSON 6 ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., 12 SPRING STREET We Too Ha ve Had Our IN a straight-from-the-shoulder article in Sydney Sun recently, Dr. W. E. H.

Stanner, of the Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, gave us something that we have ceased to expect from University professors—sense. It was as refreshing as a cool breeze in a roomful of human fug.

In his own experience, Dr. Stanner says, he has found that universities, politics, government, churches and the professions are riddled with a style of social thought that, at one extreme, fuses with moral cynicism and, at the other, with a greenstick Utopianism.

He says that Australians, since about 1940, have been saturated in the same kind of mentality that produced what he calls the “moonstruck” groundnut scheme in Africa which cost the British public about £36 million and broke the hearts of Englishmen and Africans.

The groundnut scheme mentality, he thinks, consists of five main elements:— • An inability to distinguish between a fable —that is, a false belief making strong appeal to the emotions —and plain if difficult facts of record. • A contempt for the humble commonsense of human experience and a stupid addiction to glittering slogans invented by phrase-mongers. • A credulity toward social “planning” and “engineering,” based on pseudoscientific theories of economics, politics and society. • An astonishing misconception of the nature of human society, how it works, how it may prudently be improved to accord with developing ideas, and how narrow is the line between stability and chaos. • A stubbornly purblind refusal to see that many social facts are independent of the human will, and do not respond at call to personal or national preferences.

Most of the great disappointments and tragedies in social history began with a fable that is compounded of half-truths, emotional slogans and a concealed or open promise of Utopia. The groundnut scheme had all these elements. For a generation, British Colonial history has been misrepresented and vilified by the fables and slogans of all the isms, from Communism to Fascism—no one who wished to say simply that colonial administration was just plain difficult, could get a hearing. After the war, the British people decided that they were through with what used to be called commonsense —that was “reactionary”—what they wanted was “progressive men” and “dynamic” outlooks, and “big thinking.”

“Well,” says Dr. Stanner, “they got a groundnut plan so progressive it shot through; so dynamic that its feet never touched ground at all; and so big that it ate itself to death while producing nothing.”

HE lists half a dozen Australian “groundnut schemes” of recent years. We quote three here;— NEW GUINEA POLlCY— Fables: “Exploited natives”; “the past is dead”; “the four freedoms for New Guinea”: “a peasant nation in 20 years.” Outcome: The same old problems, greatly exacerbated.

INDONESIAN POLICY Fables: “Wicked Dutch imperialism”; the “inevitable” end of “colonialism”;- “a progressive policy will win Indonesian friendship.” Outcome: No Indonesian friendship, and a danger to Australia clearly foreseen by Mr. Curtin in 1939.

IMMIGRATION— FabIes: “Populate or perish”; “an empty continent”; “immigra- PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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tion is development”: “250,000 migrants a year”; “America did it, so can we”; “immigration means greater military strength.”

Outcome: A flood of ifl-assorted ethnic, social and political elements pouring into a strained, badly-structured, defective economy to dissipate further an already weakened Australian way of life.

Australia with her thriving export of day-old chicks seems to be doing her bit to improve the poultry stocks of New Guinea. With a somewhat similar idea, the Director of Agriculture of Dutch New Guinea, Dr. Joseph Brant jes, who recently visited Sydney, has taken back five dozen Australorp eggs which he hopes will hatch out in Hollandia and form the nucleus of a stud poultry farm.

Miss Dorothy Stewart who has been helping Mr. Arthur Brown establish his Ascot Hotel in Rabaul, New Guinea, left for Queensland by air on May 28. She plans to be away from the Territory for about six months. Her place at the Ascot has been taken by Mr. and Mrs. Dick Seath, who arrived in Rabaul on the May Bulolo.

Madang Newsletter

From Our Own Correspondent MADANG. May 30.

MRS. A. WELSCH of Lutheran Mission at Amele is off to Germany. She has been five years teaching and ministering to the needs of her flock.

In' 1922, Mrs. Welsch first came to New Guinea to join her husband. Originally she had planned to come in 1913 but the First World War intervened. Her last trip to Germany was about 20 years ago.

This time, she will travel on the maiden voyage of the “Australia,” to Genoa, then train to Switzerland and from there through Germany to the Rhineland near Cologne.

Mrs. Welsch has an almost superhuman influence over the natives in her area, particularly among her pupils in the Girls’

School. It is a credit to her that where so many mission schools cannot obtain girl punils, Mrs. Welsch cannot cope with the number of applicants. Her last venture was the introduction of kindergartens among local natives. After educating native girls in the simpler laws of Froebel and Montessori, she sends her graduates to their village with instructions to teach the children by the playway method of education.

Included in their equipment are books made by themselves with gay cutouts, ribs of coconut palms cut and painted for stick work, matchboxes, cotton reels, and other home-made gear.

The natives made a presentation from their new rice crop to “Grandma” (Mrs.

Welsch) before she left, and shed many Later in the month, Nurse E. Walborn and Mr. and Mrs. E. Hannemann of the American Lutheran Mission travel south by plane. They will go by steamer to their homes in America. Nurse Walborn is the dispenser at Yagaum, while Mr. and Mrs.

Hannemann have done grand work at their Teachers’ College at Amron and in their congregation.

ANOTHER interesting departure was Madang’s Butterfly Man. For some time, Mr. Keith Slatter has had to give up his work as “Master Bilog Binatag” because of supply problems and other worries.

He plans to marry in Melbourne and, then, with Mr. Barry Bamphet, formerly of Kar Kar Island, establish a butterfly farm in the Atherton Tableland behind Cairns in North Queensland.

THE Administration in Madang lost five well-known officers in May.

The District Commissioner, Mr. C.

D. Bates, left on May 22 to join his wife and family in Sydney. During his term in Madang, Mr. Bates —known throughout the Territory for his love of sports-established the golf course, organised other sports and generally took the lead in athletics Also on May 22, ADO Allen Gow journeyed South. (To take over the positions of District Commissioner and ADO in Madang, came Mr. lan Downes and Mr.

J Keenan.) Dr. and Mr. N. P. Woods went South on the Malaita for 12 months leave. In his three years in Madang, Dr.

“Norm.” has made many friends and saved many lives. As well, he took a keen interest in sports and photography and was always ready to help at musical functions and generally closely identified himself with the people. Dr. Fergus Brown took his place as medical officer.

Although Miss Parle, teacher in charge, Madang European School, has been in the town five months only, she has won much respect from parents and children. It was unfortunate that it was necessary to transfer her in the middle of the year to SOPA but it is hoped she will return to 54 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

TAHITI To Shipmasters and Visitors When calling at Tahiti, and seeking SHIPS SUPPLIES and FRESH PROVISIONS, see—

Oscar G. Nordmak

Supply Agent for Messageries Maritimes, Union S.S. Co. of N.Z. Ltd Matson-Oceanic Line, United States Line, General S.S. Corp., Etc.

We supply General Service Act as Shipping Agents Address all inquiries to the Tourist Bureau.

Wire before your arrival to

“Oceanic, Papeete’—Our

registered cable address.

Oscar G. Nordman

Ship Chandler

Papeete. Tahiti

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Port Moresby Papua Madang in six months time. Mr. and Mrs. Ken Hicks had a reception at their home for parents to say “Goodbye” to Miss Parle. Miss Erin White will relieve Miss Parle after the terminal holidays.

THE narrow bridge over the neck of the lagoon was the scene of a head-on collision on May 3. The brakes of a jeep, driven by Mr. Tim Willis, refused to function at the bend on the main road.

Hoping to avoid the small car approaching the bridge, Mr. Willis swerved into a nearby road but the jeep was heading straight for the lagoon; as he swung back onto the road to the bridge one of his little girls was flung out of the car and sustained head injuries before the cars collided. The occupants of the small car received head injuries and one of them a deep cut on the knee. All were taken to hospital for shock and medical attention.

This correspondent has pointed out before the dangers of this section of the road and it seems an opportune time for Works and Housing to do some immediate work on the many dangerous bends while the Department’s long range plans are getting lost in a maze of blue prints. The bridge is only one of many death traps on local roads which are only a survival of the horse tracks and foot-tracks put in by the Germans in the days before motor transport.

Most Territorians realise the need for a modern road system throughout the Territory but any furthering of such a plan is held up by knots in the red tape and the failure to put the millions of pounds used in the Territory into permanent constructional work.

THE teachers of the Lutheran Mission Sunday School staff invited parents of Madang to discuss improvements to the Madang Sunday School at Baitabag. During the meeting suggestions were brought forward concerning the Sunday School programme of work and efforts to further their work in the community. A motion of complete confidence in ' the work of the Sunday School teaching staff was passed.

THE Golf Club held its first ball in the Club Rooms on Saturday, May 12.

The large crowd that gathered saw the trophies presented and enjoyed themselves on the dance floor.

The Club was decorated and supper prepared by the lady members of the Golf Club.

Canadian Pacific Airlines planes on the Vancouver-Sydney route are now equipped with radio telephone. The new device does away with the necessity for carrying a radio operator—the pilot' of the plane has only to lift the receiver to speak to the nearest high-powered radio station along the route—at Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Honolulu, Canton, Fiji, Sydney and Auckland.

Sister Winifred Swift was sent to Papua in mid-May by the Victorian Save-the- Children-Fund to help victims of the Mt Lamington eruption. She is stationed at Ilimo Evacuation camp. 55 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

- X -X 7S a: wi» \ M ■ IVK, rj \ t i i > n / The 2947 miles of the N.A.C. internal network routes are the highways to New Zealand’s scenic and sporting attractions.

Save travel time, see more ... fly for extra comfort with Offices and Agents throughout New Zealand and the South- West Pacific for the Dominion and South-West Pacific Air Network. \m ■ ■ .111 >!„.• • ■ ,\VV*i i , -Will' i 56 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Magazine Section

Territories Talk-Talk By "Tolala"

NEW GUINEA, in post-War II days, has had a Ward, a Spender and now Hasluck. We hope.

HE has had considerable experience with UNO, therefore he should have all the necessary answers to Trusteeship matters. Whether his outlook on Territorial questions will be influenced by his UNO activities in New York remains to be seen. He has been a journalist, and Members of the Inky Way usually enjoy the happy faculty of being adaptable. His UN duties were varied: from Director of the Post-Hostilities Division to Acting Representative on the Security Council of the Atomic Energy Commission.

Paul Meernaa Caldwalla Hasluck announces that he hopes to tour the Territories soon. That was on May 21. It will be interesting to hear what his impressions are of Up There, and also what Up There thinks of him. Like many others. I would have preferred a man with some personal knowledge of the people, European and Native, whose destinies he will control.

THAT was a timely “plea for the exhausted European women of NG” (PIM, May) and deserving of support from every direction. More especially in these days of high fares when a greater part of a family’s savings is spent in getting out of the country, then getting back again. And in many instances the leave is compulsory—or else.

Back in the German days, the Government had a sanatorium at Toma, up in the hills back of Kokopo, or Herbertshohe as it was then called. It was a favourite spot in which malaria patients could recuperate and enjoy the luxuries of cool nights and fresh meat and milk, for in those days refrigeration was unknown and nearly everything in New Britain and the surrounding islands came out of tins.

A chap named Hoerstmann was in charge and he did a good job of work.

When the Aussies came in 1914 the government was not interested. Australians, as a rule, like to live the hard way.

But later, several government officials erected their own week-end homes in the Toma district.

Over on the mainland of NG the favourite convalescing station was at Sattelberg Mission Station, and a very nopular place, too, in the ’2o’s and ’3o’s.' It’s a wonder to me that some of our up-and-coming air companies have not established a NG highland resort.

WOOL sales from the Central NG Hallstrom Experimental Station do not seem to indicate that the Silent Knight Man will be included among present-day wool barons. Average price for the 16 bales was only slightly over 56d at the Sydney wool sales the middle of last month. Top price was 105 : id alb for a bale of AAAH XB.

SO the abandonment of Rabaul is on again and Administrator Murray is “urging all possible speed” in this regard. It is 14 years ago exactly (May 29) since Vulcan burst out of Rabaul Harbour on that sunny Saturday afternoon and the cry of abandoning the town started a few days later, it has been repeated at irregular intervals ever since. Billy Hughes came up in the first official passenger plane to arrive in 1937 and started plugging for Salamaua; then came the Capital Site Commission who selected Lae; and so it has been going on.

Despite all this urging, which has been going on now for over a decade, I’ll still have a few bob on Rabaul being the centre of commerce for a good few years yet— as I said last month.

TALKING of volcanoes and the like: When I read the report of the alleged Bougainville outbreak last month the years slipped away to a time when I was scratching through the country in back of Arigua and Mabiri properties on Bougainville, and came across hundreds of acres of dead trees with the ground covered with grey volcanic mud —a relic of some previous volcanic eruption in those parts. Too far, in my estimation, to be from either Balbi to the north, or Bagana in the south-west.

REPORTS in Sydney newspapers featured the fact that some oil fuel got mixed up with the water supply of the Malaita when she came down from Samarai last month. Most of the passengers, it was stated, were forced to drink lemonade the rest of the trip.

Sounds a bit screwy to me. The tastes of Malaita passengers must have changed a lot in these post-war years. I have made a few trips on her and the favourite beverage was always beer, despite the teetotal propensities of Skipper Bill Wilding.

New Guinea folk must be losing their punch.

THIS modern thought of racial equality, which is possessing so many of our present-day politicians, can be carried too far. Mr. Clive Evatt, who is NSW Chief Secretary, recently stated that regulations denying abos the right to have intoxicating liquor have been temporarily repealed, and if successful, will be repealed altogether.

That is a dangerous procedure with which to experiment; it is to be hoped that the new Territories Minister has no views of a similar nature.

IN pre-War II days one might see occasionally tripping along Mango Avenue in Rabaul a rather leggy lass, with pleasant face and two long fair pig-tails hanging down her back. You knew then that the Hemings from New Ireland were in town for she was young Gill Heming.

For the last two Empire Days in Sydney' Gill has held the centre of the stage in the tableau staged by the Royal Empire Society at the Trocadero. for she has been chosen to represent Britannia.

You can imagine into what an attractive and dignified young lady the pig-tailed lass has developed.

Gill works on a Sydney newspaper and has already reached the stage where she writes special articles under her own name.

Once again young New Guinea makes good. I am tipping that we shall hear a lot more about Gill and her journey along the Inky Way.

YOUNG European men in NG were “very eager’ f for feminine companionship reported Capt. E. A. Barr, the Government Stevedore who arrived at the end of May in Sydney from NG by the Bulolo. He went on to say that there were “two European men to every woman on the island.”

Presumably he meant, “every European woman.”

These newspaper interviews, when the ships come in from the North, are often dangerous encounters and create untold embarrassment to the interviewed when

New Guinea'S Old Man River

Even 250 miles from its mouth, the Sepik River, New Guinea, is still a sizeable waterway. Here Pastor E. A. Boehm, of the Seventh Day Adventist Mission, is seen looking upstream from Ambunti, a Government sub-station. 57 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - JUNE, 1951

he or she sees what he casually spoke of in cold print, with large glaring head-lines.

Capt. Barr’s remark on the obvious recalls to my mind the early days of the Expro Board in NG when all the staff consisted of returned servicemen from the First War, and an edict was issued that their wives could not accompany them to the Territory.

The disproportion of the sexes, in the European community then, was more like 100 males to one female. And that was something to moan about. The diggers formed a branch of the RSL and the ban on wives was one of the first complaints sent south to the RSL HQ. Shortly afterwards the ban was lifted. 1 HEARD over the air on May 29 that a missionary agricultural expert was leaving for NG “to teach natives how to be self-supporting.”

Of all the silly, stupid statements made that appears to be about the limit. If there is a race of peonle who are economically, socially and politically selfsupporting then it is the Melanesian native in his natural state, before he has been contacted, or contaminated, by Europeans. There is plenty of scope to teach him hygiene and to raise his standard of living certainly, but not selfsupport.

Personally, I would welcome the inculcation of some of the principles of primitive NG natives into our present-day system of so-called civilised living in Australia, with its snarls and strikes and sabotage and where no one is “selfsupporting.”

I have seen, 40 years ago, heathen natives possessed of far higher ethical standards and more humane in their treatment of their fellow-men than many of the 1951 residents in the heart of Sydney.

Contact with Europeans is usually the cause of the native losing his self-support.

IT was good to hear that Harry Downing had had a spot of promotion with a double job in Norfolk Island (PIM May, p. 15).

Wherever he is Harry will be the everobliging personality which has made friends for him over a wide expanse of NG. He is probably the most popular man in the Department.

I first came in touch with him in the middle ’2os when he had just completed a trip through the Morobe district with Cecil Levien and had come back to Rabaul with some excellent photographs of his trip. He is one of the best photographers who ever snapped a shutter in NG. At that time he was attached to PH Dept. A good cove.

BITS AND PIECES: Margaret Cilento recently held an exhibition of her paintings in London. She returns to Australia by Stratheden in July. Her Daddy, Sir Raphael, meanwhile, has had an interesting series of his articles published in a Sydney newspaper. He wrote on Middle East Politics, and was very illuminating. . . . Mrs. J. W. Campbell, onetime of Buka Passage, has married again and is now Mrs. England. She left for England in Orcades recently for a few months’ tour.

Mr. and Mrs. F. Leydin returned on May Bulolo after having spent three months leave in Australia. Mr. Leydin is business manager for New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd.

PIM Crossquiz No. 18 (Solution on Page 107) ACROSS I. —Which Tom committed a famous larceny? 6. —Who befriended the two famous Roman poets.

Virgil and Horace. and whose name survived as a patron of art? 7. —What language is spoken by the Moslems in India? 9. What instrument is used by doctors fofl auscultation? 11. —What do printers call a long galley-proof before it is made into pages? 12. —Which star is not in the sky nor in Hollywood? 15. —What name has been given to cats, rabbits and goats? 16. —What is the term for a cask containing 42 gallons? 17. —What is another name for the plane-tree? 19. —What is the term for any flower of the mignonette family? 20. —What anthem is sung at the beginning of the mass? 21. —Who was the founder of antiseptic surgery?

DOWN I.—What headgear is named after a hero in one of Burns’ poems? 2-—What is the term for the essential part of anything? 3. —Which play or entertainment is a dumb show? 4. —What are drawn in cricket? 5.i —Which is the sleepiest land?

B.—What was the dream of Sir Thomas Moore? 10. —In which imaginary land can wealth be easily made? 13 What money is given in ‘token of a bargain made? 14. —what is the raw material of china? 18.—From what famous Italian family came the Guelph Houses of Brunswick and Hanover?

Tonga’S 92-Years-Old

POET ON May 5, Mr. Alfred Cowley, a very well-known resident of Nukualofa, Tonga, was 92 years old; and he celebrated his birthday by writing this little poem;

When I Go West

When I go west, be there no grief expressed No painful sigh, no mournful tear, For one set free from hope or fear, Whose love of life does not extend To “Life Eternal,” without end.

More humble is my brief request; That with the Summons to go West, There comes assuring consciousness That all that life once marred is mended, That Nature and I in one are blended.

Nevermore is there worst, or best — Only the grave’s most perfect rest.

May 5, 1951.

A. COWLEY.

Mr. Cowley was born in England in 1859, and he was trained as a baker and confectioner. He arrived in New Zealand when he was only 24 and, within seven years, he was a trader on his own account. He moved to Tonga in 1895, and established a profitable business there as baker, confectioner and manufacturer of aerated waters.

As the decades passed, Mr. Cowley turned more and more to a contemplation of science and the arts, and some of his literary work has outstanding merit. He writes very good prose: but his natural inclination is towards poetry. Here is a set of verses which he wrote at Christmastime, 1937. Few writers have succeeded so well in putting into words that indescribable attraction of the South Pacific Islands:-

South Seas Magic

Magic of South Sea Islands, formed of light from the stars; Fragrance of spice-laden breezes, music of native guitars; Roll of the surf on its beaches, lilt of sweet song on the air; Voices in harmony blended, joyous with freedom from care.

Glamour of Island enchantment, magic of Southern seas— Long rolling sweep of its billows, seductive caress of its breeze: Wafted from Island to Island, from palmfringed lagoon to the strand, Fragrant in glorious sunlight, gateway to fairyland.

Bevy of brown-hued maidens in garlands of flower and palm Beguile the heart from its bosom by magical spell of their charm: The soul in ecstatic emotion, inspired by vision of these, Is impelled to a life-long devotion, to linger and dream ’neath the trees.

South Sea Islands magic, lure of the reef and the palm, Transports of glamorous enchantment, coralformed islets that charm; Memory of a meeting; a moon-lit camp by the sea— One glance, a word of greeting, my heart was in thrall to thee.

Magic of South-Sea-Islands, marvel of lure and charm.

Are enshrined in thy peerless beauty, sweet maid of the coral and palm.

“I tried, in these verses, to depict the idyllic conditions of life in these Islands, as it once was, but which long since has ‘gone with the wind.’ ” writes Mr. Cowley.

“I place the termination of that era about 1920; and the poem represents my desire to picture something of the freedom. the friendliness, the naturalness and happiness expressed once by these people (See foot Col. 1, Page 59) 58 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY!!

in song and laughter, bubbling over with the sheer joy of living.”

“I have lost interest in world affairs, and have no opinion to offer respecting the Korean impasse, or the unsavoury diplomatic mess into which the British Labour Government has been dragged by the blunders of Truman and Mac Arthur,” he goes on; but his comments on world affairs are as incisive as ever!

NAMATJIRA Dinkum Aussi, Real Artist Although Albert Namatjira and his paintings are somewhat outside our line of country, we feel that this article should be of interest to the Pacific reader.

Firstly, because Namatjira’s paintings are not just a fad, or a manifestation of Australia’s post-war brown-brother complex, buX, are fine paintings, after a manner uniquely his own. Secondly, because it is one of the last articles written by young Clifford Kruse before he died in Papua last year. Kruse sandwiched a visit to Australia’s Dead Heart between his Polynesian rambles and his visit to Papua-New Guinea.

ALBERT NAMATJIRA, an Australian aborigine, is only one generation removed from the Stone Age. A member of the Arunta tribe that lives in the great desert outback of central Australia, Namatjira’s people are considered anthropologically as the most primitive people known. Yet at present he is the brightest star on the Australian cultural horizon.

A watercolour artist who took his first lesson in painting only 13 years ago, this 48-year old “blackfellow” is now gaining world prominence for his art productions.

No other contemporary Australian artist, white or black, is enjoying more popularity at home or abroad. Or doing so well financially.

Namatjira, though he spends most of his waking hours with a brush and easel, never seems to catch up with demand.

With his watercolours bringing an average of 20 guineas each, his economic future is assured. But despite the increasing demand for his work, he, like the true artist, refuses to become “assembly-line” in his methods and frequently sits studying and meditating upon a “location” long hours without putting brush to paper.

NAMATJIRA’S art is all concerned with the out-of-doors. The purple mountains, the red sands and the cloudstreaked skies that characterise the countless, unchanging square miles of Australia’s great heart are his subject.

And despite the eternal sameness of this near-barren land, no two of his pictures present exactly the same scene. As is the custom of his semi-nomadic peoples, he frequently goes on walkabout hundreds of miles from his home at the Hermansburg Mission west of Alice Springs, Northern Territory. Until recently, he has gone on these long wanderings camelback, but now he has purchased an old truck to take him to location.

On these trips, which may last for months, he lives much as his people have lived for thousands of years. He sleeps on the bare ground close by a smoky fire and catches all his own food by stalking By Clifford Kruse and by spear. The meat of the kangaroo, the seed cakes and the witchetty grubs are more to his liking than the white man’s mission food. The aborigine, who ranks with the American Indian as the world’s most-gifted stalker, still prefers the native spear and the boomerang to modern firearms.

Because they have had to depend on it for survival, the aborigines have a keen kindredship for the land that is impossible for the white man to understand.

They have been able to eke out a meager livelihood from the arid wasteland where a European, without outside food or water, would perish in a week. They are able to interpret and read tracks and signs, so faint that the white man cannot see them.

They are the perfect adaptation of man to his environment.

IT is this that gives Namatjira’s compositions an authenticity and appeal that few European artists, painting the same subjects, ever achieve. The faithfulness to colour seen in his purpleat-dusk mountains, his coppery sands, his grey-white ghost gums, his barley-green spinifex grasses and his silver saltbush marks him as a colour-genius without peer.

I have watched Namatjira (whose name means “flying ant”), at work at his’native station. While I continually brushed the swarms of flies from my face, he was wholly concentrated upon his work Though hundreds of the pesky insects crawled across his forehead, down his nose and onto his cheek, he never winced. In his concentration on his painting, he did not seem to know that they were there.

Nor care that I was watching.

While I gawked like a tourist seeing the Grand Canyon for the first time. Namatjira was painting a picture that included the steel framework of the windmill on the mission station. The structure was a mass of cross-braces and beams, all necessary parts of the stress-and-strain pattern of the tower. But to Namatiira, whose untrained mind did not seem to grasp the intricacies of engineering principle, the beams and girders were just a hodge-podge of decoration. He painted them as such, putting them on his paper with a reckless, unscientific abandon.

THE now-accomplished artist first began to paint in 1936 when Mr. Rex Battarbee, a European artist, happened by the mission station where Namatjira’s tribe was living. The aborigines, but especially Namatjira, showed a keen interest in the paintings of Battarbee. Namatjira prevailed upon the Rev.

Mr. Albrecht, head of the mission station, to buy him a brush and some paints.

He followed the white man around as Battarbee did his paintings and. little by little, Battarbee taught the eager aborigine. Soon it became apparent that the blackfellow’s progress was phenomenal.

Then the white painter devoted all his time to teaching his black brother.

That was 1936. In 1938 the first fullfledged exhibition of Namatjira’s works was held in Melbourne. All 41 of the paintings were sold during the show.

That was extraordinary for a pre-war art show.

The following year his works went on exhibition in Adelaide. Again all were grabbed up immediately. Even the staid old National Gallery of South Australia purchased one. To-day, Namatjira’s paintings hang on walls the world over and his wide-spread exhibitions draw great crowds. But he remains unaffected.

Namatjira has never attended one of his own exhibitions. Nor has he been out of Central Australia at all. As a full- (Continued on Page 63.) Namatjira at work. 59 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LY JUNE, 1951

Tonga’S 92-Year Old Poet

(From Previous Page)

Moresby Goes From Air-warfare To Air-fare War R. W. Robson's Impressions of TOA's Solent Flight THE luxurious Solent flying-boat.

Star of Papua, nosed her way steadily through smothering cloud. Captain Brian Monkton looked a little jaded. He had brought the Star from Sydney—l 2 hours’ continuous flying, except for a fuelling break at Brisbane.

This was Trans Oceanic Airways’ inaugural flight in its new Sydney-Moresby service. It was important that all should go well . . . first impressions do count.

The Papuan coast was right ahead; there were high mountains behind the coast.

But where was Moresby?

With a roar, the Star emerged from the last cloud-bank. And there was Paga Hill dead ahead. Perfect navigation! How many planes on this route have found their landfall at Bootless Inlet or Yule Island!

With the newly-risen sun shining of: her chrome and silver, the Star slid down to a gentle landing in the peaceful, landlocked port. The party of Press VlP’s TOA’s guests for this inaugural flight— threw safety belts aside, and sniffed eagerly at the colourful little town, surrounded for once by hills greened by a fairly wet season.

No one gave even a glance at the discoloured wreck lying on the reef a- few hundred yards away. That was once the graceful white liner Macdhui. pride of Sydney-New Guinea transportation. She collected some of the Jap bombs which fell thickly hereabouts in 1942. yet the bones of the old Macdhui were a reminder of War. And War, naked and unafraid, already was upon this party of TOA pioneers. , . TT „ A S the boat-load of VIP s and Company directors, led by four beautiful Sydney models—who had been brought along to give colour and liveliness to a Cinesound film covering the enterprise— stepped onto the pontoon, troublesome news was received. Qantas, which hitherto has had the Sydney-New Guinea service as a close preserve, had reduced the fare by £8; and the two Moresby hotels, which had been expected to accommodate this TOA party of 35, now had room for only half that number.

All the glamour disappeared. The TOA managers and agents went into a grim and purposeful huddle. “We expected Qantas to fight,” they said. “That is logical. But we didn’t expect it this way. And we certainly didn’t expect BP’s to come into this argument.” (The two Port Moresby hotels are owned by Burns Philp interests.) We had left Sydney in an Arctic westerly, and were dressed accordingly. One of the mannequins still wore a fur. When we landed on that pontoon, the temperature already was 85 and the humidity about 96. When the War opened, even those figures seemed to go higher.

Managers and agents were in action.

“Ammunition—for god’s sake, give us ammunition”—but it wasn’t ammunition they cried for—it was beds. Thirty-five VlP’s and others won’t go into 16 beds—at least, ours wouldn’t. Four attractive mannequins, plus other ladies of definite charm, forbade any such simple solution, Time passed, and the perspiration, which had at first been a mere discomfort( became trickles and rivulets. As their make-up began to shift, and they thought of the cool flying-boat luxury they had just left, the mannequins wailed, an( j some 0 f the VlP’s snarled softly.

At last, with generous help from private residents, the harassed managers worked it out, and we were loaded into cars, for the metropolis.

The Papuan Hotel manager allotted me room 15. “One permanent guest lives there,” he said. “To help out the TOA party, he has allowed us to use the extra bed in his suite ; ” can you guess what had happened! I was room-mates with E. J. Frame; and e J.F is general manager of Burns Philp j n Papua-New Guinea- and BP’s were supposed to be in the’War against the TOA invasion As they say in the movies, it didn’t jell! If BP’s were in this War, Field-Marshal Frame should have been sending slant-eyed assassins after TOA’s travellers instead of loaning his room to them j SO on discovered that the hotels were (Continued on Page 63.) What has happened to Mr. Ward’s houses for natives at Hanuabada. This is typical.

TOA Solent on Moresby Harbour.

Jim Macdougall, Sydney Sun Columnist, waves a 10/- note at a Hanuabada woman and tries to induce her to sell him a grass skirt. 60 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Tropicalities SUCH is fame. At one time we heard rather a lot about the Rev. Dr. J.

W. Burton, President-General of the Methodist Church in Australia, champion of Pacific natives and Australian representative on the South Pacific Commission. He has now more or less retired but recently visited Western Australia on Methodist business where we were rather startled to see him introduced as Dr. J.

W. Burton Snr., “the father of the former Australian High Commissioner in Ceylon.”

Young Dr. Burton is now quite well known to Australians. An academic Socialist, he has never lost an opportunity of proving himself loyal to the cause. It was he who left his post as High Commissioner and flew back to Australia unannounced to contest a seat at the recent Federal elections. He lost, and we are unable to record what he is doing at present. But there will be other elections and probably we will hear of him again— that is, if the hard-boiled Labour boys don’t consider such youthful enthusiasm politically inept. There -is always the chance that they will hesitate to nurture in their bosoms a second Dr. Evatt—of whom young Dr. Burton is a disciple.

In the meantime, Dr. Burton Snr. says that the Fiji Indians have become a kind of Nemesis and are ousting the Europeans from Fiji. Dr. Burton does not say whether he is happy about this or not.

IT seems that anything is a good enough excuse for a crazy boat voyage—that is, crazy to these unromantic (if sensible) souls who undertake voyages in small boats only as a matter of necessity.

In the last month we have heard of two parties who are bent on setting off across the blue Pacific following in the wake of adventurers of past centuries.

Frederick W. Johnson and Ernest Lamberty, both of whom have lived around French Oceania, plan to re-enact Bligh’s Bounty voyage in an open boat.

They are going one better than Bligh, however. They plan to buy their 23 ft whaleboat in Holland and sail it to New York, just as a preliminary. If Bligh is like Mr. Charles Laughton has made us believe, then we would like to hear that old sea-devil’s comment on this bit of nonsense.

The second set of adventurers are Captain Dod Orsborne (he wrote a bestseller, Master of the Girl Pat) and his crew of 12 Yanks who will sail from the United States shortly for the Pacific, where they will emulate the late lamented botanist Charles Darwin and visit the places he saw between 1831 and 1836. As Cap’n Orsborne remarks, there probably have been a lot of changes since then.

The cruise will be of about 80,000 miles but they aren’t doing it in an open boat.

It is a 75-ft ketch called Argosy.

Both adventurers have been described m American papers as “fabulous.” The Greeks probably had another name for it.

THE External Territories Department in Canberra also weighed in with a contribution to P-NG’s Mt. Lamington Relief Fund.

A ball was held in Canberra’s Albert Hall in early May on which the Governor- General, Mr. McKell, and daughter Betty Me Kell threw the light of their Vice- Regal presence; Mr. J. R. Halligan permanent head of the department, was host.

It isn’t often that a Government department bestirs itself socially on behalf of its public particularly in the midst of Canberra’s winter so, the function deserves to be mentioned.

THESE days, employers of casual labourers in New Guinea over long periods, are required to fill in forms.

To my astonishment and delight the other day a “casual” turned up, seeking employment. Fishing into the odorous depths of his dilly-bag, he produced his “reference” filled in by his last employer.

It was written on the Casual Worker’s Registration Form. Under the heading “Occupation” appeared the succinct phrase "Bludger.” Further down it reappeared with slight variation under the heading “Industry (if any) in which worker employed.” The answer was “Sludging."

Interested, I looked at the bottom of the sheet to see the name of his last “Boss.” The paper was signed bv one, Ima Sucker.

Well, well. There stood the savage smiling triumphantly, obviously waiting to be snapped up as to-day’s special on the labour market.

Before leaving, he insisted on being given back his “reference.” It was lovingly folded, and reconsigned to the depths of his weekend R.

AN interesting visitor to Rabaul recently was Mr. Geoff Charles of Kalubi, New Ireland.

Mr. Charles’ job is to capture the wild zebu cattle which have been roaming the hills of New Ireland since the end of hostilities.’

His experience of cattle and horses has been considerable, but even he was astonished when herding captured animals into the crush, to see a young heifer so determined to escape that she leapt onto the shoulders of her “onetalks” and escaped over the walls of the crush.

Mr. Charles, who is in town receiving treatment for sulohanilamide poisoning, has so far managed to capture about 90 of the wild cattle, and said that soon he hoped the waggon wheels would be ‘aturnin’ again.—R. R.

ALLAN VILLIERS, well-known Pacific Islands wanderer and writer, is back in the news, again in London. He was recently chosen for the BBC’s Merchant Navy programme, to give a roving report on matters of current interest to seamen. We in the Pacific know him best from his books, “The Coral Sea” and “The Set of the Sails.” Going to sea at 15, Villiers served under sail in the Herzogin Cecile and the Parma, among other ships: took the Joseph Conrad round the world in 1934-36; was in the Mediterranean landings during the war; and served in operations in Burma, Java and Indo-China. Since the war he has commanded the training ship Warspite for the “Outward Bound” Sea School at Aberdovey, in Wales. He was with the Portuguese cod-fishing fleet on the Great Banks and off Greenland in 1950 H.E.L.P.

MOST of us were seafarers; and we were sitting around a table in the tavern, enjoying a few evening drinks. The conversation naturallv was of ships.

One of the group (holding his own, too!) was a well-known and well-liked member of a New Guinea mission master of the mission schooner. He laid a hand, on the table and announced, ‘Here’s something that’s got all you navigators tricked!”

“Oh?” we answered, every bristle on our professional dignities at the present, “and what might that be, Brother?”

“You’re at sea in a very small boat.” he proposed.

We nodded cautious “go-ons.”

“A storm has blown you miles offshore, and you don’t know where you are; can’t see a thing. The sky is completely overcast, so you can’t see the sun. You have no compass, no radio: no navigational gear of any description.”

More cautious nods of agreement.

“All you possess is a large pocket watch, on the end of a fathom or so of watch chain. Now, if you wanted to steam North, say, how would you find your direction?”

Youthful impetuosity stuck its neck out.

“That’s simple. Simply point the T2’ of the watch at the sun and bisect the angle between that and the hour hand —”

“No!” the Brother objected. “Remember, the sky is overcast and you can’t see the sun.”

We were stumped; and sipped our beer thoughtfully. The Brother will be forgiven in Heaven, I hope, for the way he sat there smirking.

Finally, someone said, “Well, Brother, wot’s the answer?”

New Guinea'S Education

DIRECTOR The Boy Scouts will hold their World Jamboree this year; and this should interest Mr. W. C. Groves, Director of Education, Papua and New Guinea, who is also the Commissioner for Boy Scouts in the Territory. The uniform which he wears is a figment (or shall we say pigment) of the artist’s imagination; for, so far, Mr. Groves has not yet publicly shown his sturdy knees in a Scout uniform.

The twin banner held by him, allied to that “Excelsior!” look, might give some hope to those residents who await the opening of the Administration school at Wau. Most of them say that they are now prepared for anything—a state of mind which Commissioner Groves should agree with.

The swag, temporarily discarded by Mr.

Groves, shows only a few of the places his duty has taken him. There was no room for a Wau label on the blanket roll JKMcC. 61 pacific ISLANDS MONT'HLY JUNE, 195!

“It may be a little difficult for you blokes,’’ he explained, “but for an old experienced salt like me it comes easy.

First you must stand up in a part of the boat clear of all obstructions. Then, taking the watch by its chain, you start to whirl it about your head, gradually letting the chain slip through your fingers. When you have the last link between thumb and forefinger, you let go.”

“Let go?”

“Let go.”

We were more puzzled than ever. “But you’d lose the watch,”

“Exactly. The watch goes west. And if you wanted to go north, you merely . .”

I hope we’ll be forgiven in Heaven for throwing him off the wharf into the harbour—SEAHORSE.

ANEW form has been devised, for the entertainment of Papua-New Guinea land-holders, by Mr. J. McElhone, the Territories’ new and indefatigable Statistical Officer. A “return” now is required from the holder of every area cultivating an acre or more of any crop of any description, or grazing land stock.

The land-holder has got to show how much land he has, from whom he bought or leased it, and how it is used; what labour he employs and what he pays for same; what machinery and transport he uses; and (in great detail) what he grows and what livestock he has on his property.

At present, such statistics are gathered by District Officers, and they often represent only an approximation. More exact data are required; but the new form goes rather to the other extreme, and nothing is left to chance. There is even a division on the form for “Bearing Trees Not Harvested” and “Reason Why Not Harvested.” The really bitter planters will have an opportunity with the answer to that last question.

On Return From Leave (With th« Proper Acknowledgements) The crowds at night Are big and tight Deep in the heart of Sydney, When I say tight, Why, yes you’re right!

Deep in the heart of Sydney, The trams have seats To rest your feets Deep in the heart of Sydney, But no one sits Since no one fits Deep in the heart of Sydney!

They push along, A million strong, Deep in the heart of Sydney; And when they’ve been They’re just as keen On getting back, in Sydney.

They’ve beaches fair (A few to spare) Deep in the heart of Sydney, And cool, each spot.

But you get hot When getting there, in Sydney.

Along they barge, With parcels large, Deep in the heart of Sydney.

Their faces grim, Their chances dim, Of getting home, in Sydney.

The jungle they Proclaim’s this way (Deep in the heart of Sydney) More jungle ways, They met my gaze Deep in the heart of Sydney!

NOELLE TAYLOR.

There is Treasure on Many Coconuts WHAT bids for a Pacific atoll an island of glamour and beauty; a little kingdom in itself, which offers its fortunate possessor surcease from the troubled world that is to-day? For Tupai In the Society Islands, discovered by Captain James Cook in 1769, is for sale with all productive coconut plantations: all its teeming fish and seabird life; all its cache of pirate gold.

The early chronicle of Tupai belongs to an age alien and remote from ours today—an age which let loose upon the peaceful inhabitants of Oceania an avalanche of European adventurers, freebooters, mutineers and pirates, before whose onslaught, as grass is seared hy the blast of a furnace, the former native culture of Polynesia was swept away.

Fortunate for Tupai that it possessed no indigenous population. It therefore escaped the harrowing and tragic events which fell to the lot of other South Seas islands. Its absence of inhabitants, however, recommended it as a rendezvous to such gentry as desired their acts, to go unnoticed. Rumours of treasure cached there by freebooters became rife among natives of nearby islands. At first these were fragmentary and indefinite, until at length from out the fable and surmise, emerged the drama we here narrate.

IN 1822, the 18-gun brig Araucana, swiftest vessel of the Chilean navy, mutinied. Turned pirate, after plundering coastal cities of Peru, it sailed for Honolulu where, not long after, it appeared as the peaceful trader Providence.

There, however, the trim craft in possession of its ruffianly officers and crew, attracted suspicion as to its real character. It sailed for Huahine in the Society Islands, where its captain, professing interest in religion, ingratiated himself with the English missionaries stationed there.

The insubordination of the sailors and the filthy condition of their vessel again attracted unfavourable comment. Gradually the excesses of the crew became more unguarded. In their cups they boasted possession of chests full of pirate gold and gem-encrusted vessels looted from churches in Peru. Among their booty, a collection of women’s finery and the eqaulettes of a British naval officer were reported seen by natives who had been permitted aboard the vessel. At length, the newcomers abducted a native woman and as a consequence they were attacked by the infuriated islanders. In the affray, several natives and two pirates were killed.

The Providence made her ecsape with difficulty. After cruising among the Tuamotu and Marquesas Islands for some time and putting ashore at Tupai, she arrived at Papeete, where, the captain gave out that he was about to sail for New Zealand on a seal-hunting expedition.

Before leaving he fell in with a 40-ton English brig commanded by a Captain Henry with whom he exchanged provisions and pretended friendship. Probably with the idea of returning home with a less marked vessel than his own, he began plotting to seize the smaller vessel. The mate of the latter, a resolute man named Ebrill, obtained wind of his intentions and, when most of the pirates were ashore, boarded the Providence and captured her.

Several of her crew escaped and returned to Huahine. There, deceiving the missionaries into the belief that they had been forced into ill ways by their officers, they were employed as carpenters and mechanics. Gradually they dispersed and drifted away.

TUPAI. —One of French Oceania’s Isles Sous le Vent—is an atoll about eight miles north-west of Bora Bora. It is privately owned, and when it was put up for sale, a few months ago, a Papeete correspondent wrote us the following story.

For some years thereafter, the Providence lay at Tahiti awaiting reclamation by the Chilean Government. Nothing came of it and eventually she was broken up by the natives. Her cannon are still to be seen on the islet of Motuuta in Papeete Bay.

SIXTY years went by and in 1885 there arrived in Papeete, by sailing vessel from America, two young brothers calling themselves Rorick, who claimed to be members of the then reigning Spanish royal family. Excellent musicians and possessed of the social graces and accomplishments of their pretended aristocratic status, they were hospitably received by the haut monde of the Papeete of that day, and became exceedingly popular.

In a few weeks, however, they exhausted their interest in local society and, to the regret of their hosts, took passage, ostensibly for the Marquesas Islands, on the trading schooner Niurohiti, their departure being sped under an avalanche of floral garlands from a crowd of admiring young people.

Details of the momentous voyage that then ensued were later supplied by the native cook of the schooner, a man named Neri. At sea, the character of the two accomplished young gentlemen underwent sudden transformation. They became blood-thirsty ruffians. Two days after leaving Papeete, the elder one came on deck brandishing a gun. After an altercation with the supercargo he shot him dead. Hearing the shot, the captain rushed up from below only to have his head blown off by the younger brother.

The terrified native crew was then rounded up on deck under the guns of the desperadoes, driven below and battened in the hold. With only the cook to help navigate the schooner, they changed course and reached Tupai. There, leaving Neri aboard, they landed, accompanied bv the intimidated crew, who carried an assortment of picks and shovels that the brothers had smuggled aboard the vessel. The party remained on the island for several days only returning to the schooner for supplies.

At length, their work on the island accomplished, they returned to the ship.

From the exhausted condition of the natives and their tattered clothing, Neri was curious to question them, but in this he was frustrated by the brothers. That evening, the crew were all poisoned and their bodies thrown into the sea.

Following the usual pattern of such ruffians, the killers then changed the name of the schooner. Painting the name ‘Ngamanuariki” on its bows and hoisting 62 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLAND-S MONTHLY

blooded aborigine, he is a ward of the State and must get permission to travel, even though he can pay for it out of his own pocket. If he travelled by train, he could not buy himself a meal, although Clara, his half-caste half-sister could. The intricacies of Australian law in regard to the Stone Age blacks brings about this absurd situation. Namatjira has often expressed a desire to see something of the coast and the sea, but without special dispensation from the State he is unlikely ever to be able to do so.* Because he earns a good bit of money from his art, Namatjira also creates another peculiar situation under Australian law. For the past five years, he has had to pay a sizable income tax. Since the abos have no political representation, there has always been a question as to whether or not he should pay this “taxation without representation.” But he always has. Although, in the communal fashion of the aborigines, he supports a tribe of some 60 persons, he is granted income tax exemption only for his wife and two youngest sons.

HIS measure of success has also brought additional woes to the Lutheran mission fathers, under whose watchful eyes Albert and his tribe live. A number of the natives, jealous of Namatjira’s increasing good fortune, have abandoned their jobs in the mission’s saddlery and in its gardens and have turned to painting. Some of them, like the Pareroultja family, Henoch Raberaba. Walter Ebatarinja and Namatjira’s own sons, Ewald and Enos, have had some financial success, too. This has disrupted the plans and the orderly routine of the station built up over 73 years. Heads of the mission are concerned that their work shall not become of secondary importance to the work of a few of their converts.

Namatjira, always a moody and difficult type, has lately had a run-in with the missionaries over the arrangement whereby they keep his bank and cheque books. Before he can write a cheque or spend a large sum of money he must get the permission of a board of trustees especially set up to watch that some scheming white man (several have tried) does not victimise Albert for his funds.

Among his own tribesmen he has many who commend him for his attainments, but many who also decry his achievements by saying “he tries to be like a white man.” To the tribal elders, he must still pay age-old tribute, although he has been known to say: “I guess I’m the big boss of this country ’round about here.”

Kruse wrote this. Namatjira has been to Darwin and has painted his first seascapes. not in the War—they were merely the victims of an unhappy combination of circumstances, There had been dislocation of TOA’s hitherto smooth-flowing plans; but within an hour everyone was in quarters, and being fed with TOA lavishness.

THE mannequins, four of the prettiest girls ever shipped out of Sydney, created a stir which was not wholly masculine. The women of Moresby, who generally are smart dressers, and socially adept, took all opportunities of looking the lovelies over; and, as the visitors were modest and amiable young women, they made a good impression everywhere.

What with glamour girls, expert operators and first-class instruments, the TOA party was all equipped, in a film sense, to go places and do things.

But Port Moresby is not naturally well endowed with novelty and beauty: the production there of a film worthy of the effort requires much cogitation and preliminary staff work. Pictures were taken, with a lively mixture of tropical scenery, sophisticated natives and co-operative mannequins; but they will need a lot of trimming if their presentation is to achieve their ultimate purpose.

The Solent ran several short flights over town and coast, and scores of residents enjoyed brieflly the air-liner’s comforts and amenities. Even the Qantas men, who came out of their offices to watch the Solent “buzzing” the main street admitted sourly that TOA was making the most of its chance to advertise the new service. Then they went back to a close calculation of rival schedules and operating costs.

When the last guest-flight was over, the War was advanced another stage. Every VIP in Moresby and district was entertained at TOA’s cocktail party in the Papuan Hotel. At the end of two hours of ardent hospitality, even the leading men from Qantas interests were telling each other cordially that, with all the money and movement now in Papua-New Guinea, there could be room for TOA’s new service, without anyone being hurt much.

When TOA’s Solent left Sydney, 24 hours before, the TOA fares to Moresby were £39/5/- single, £7O/13/- return, compared with Qantas £43/4 - and £77/16 0.

By the time the Solent arrived, Qantas fares were down to TOA level.

That, said TOA cheerily, is as it ought to be. Hold the fares steady, and let the Territories folk go to the service they like best. (Final decisions, of course, lie respectively in Margaret Street and Macquarie Place, Sydney.) By the time the long evening’s fevers were waning, the TOA tigers were purring gently beside the Qantas lions, and everyone was agreed that, if there had to be War, it really would be a gentlemen’s war, for the ultimate benefit of all concerned.

After a really successful 24 hours, the Solent departed next morning, with its over-fed and over-wined VlP’s, and its four delightful mannequins; and arrived without incident in Rose Bay.

And now the stern business of conducting rival air services—and making them pay!—really will commence.

TjmOM SYDNEY TRUTH: That big bearded gentleman you’ve seen moving around Sydney in recent weeks isn’t really King Henry VIII.

He’s Ralph Ormsby, a District Officer from New Guinea, over here for a wellearned six months’ holiday. the flag of Rarotonga (Cook Islands) they set sail Not long after the schooner was disabled in a gale and put into Ponape in the Caroline Islands to refit. After threatening the cook with dire reprisals if he should attempt to follow them, the brothers went ashore. Neri, however, overcame his timidity, swam through the shark-infested waters of the bay and denounced them to the authorities.

They countered his charges by declaring he was insane; but they were held in custody pending investigation. Not long afterwards the cook’s story was substantiated, and the two men were sent to France for trial. At the Criminal Court at Brest they were convicted of mutiny and murder.

The younger was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment with hard labour; the older, for life. The former lived to be pardoned, but his brother died at Cayenne in 1920.

Neri, the cook, died in Papeete hospital in 1918 during the influenza epidemic.

It is believed that the Rorick brothers had come into possession of information revealing the location of the buried treasure of the pirates and their search for it was successful. For some reason they did not consider the opportunity to remove it favourable; but, leaving it where it had been cached, they sailed away with intention of returning at a more propitious time to lift it.

The ill-omened Niurohiti, upon return to Papeete was renamed Tapioi. Native seamen declared it to be haunted and refused to ship on it. For some years thereafter it presented a melancholy spectacle, as the Providence had formerly done, rotting away at anchor in the lagoon.

AS in the case of many other reported treasure caches, of direct evidence of the presence of such on Tupai there is none. Circumstantial evidence exists in plenty. Its presence is also indicated by native tradition. That this should not be discounted was proved in Tahiti only a few years ago in the recovery of the long-lost anchor of the ship Bounty. Caught imbedded deep in the coral of Matavai Bay, in their haste to escape seizure bv the British man-of-War, which they knew would be dispatched from England to capture them, the Bounty mutineers cut cable and abandoned their anchor. Though covered from sight and forgotten by Europeans, the natives preserved knowledge of its location and 'predicted from the growth of the coral when it would be likely to be seen again. Generation after generation came and passed, and 150 years later their virgil was rewarded.

Knowledge of the reappearance of the anchor was conveyed to a local Englishman. In spite of the great weight of the anchor and the herculean task of hauling it ashore by hand, it was recovered.

Although historically belonging to Tahiti, it now reposes in the Naval Museum at Auckland, New Zealand, AND now, historic Tupai is for sale. A mere trifle of £160,000 will make it yours. But let not the price deter you. The island is capable of producing 1,000 tons of copra annually, which, at present world demand for the commodity amounts to a considerable sum of money.

Tupai is well watered and wooded, is covered with vegetation and possesses the picturesque beauty of tropical islands generally. Its climate is that of a perpetual English summer. Fruit trees—fig, orange, citron, papaya, mango and breadfruit, etc., —flourish wherever planted.

Vegetables grow with little care. Vanilla is arown with success.

The extent of the cultivable land is about 2,000 acres. The remainder of the island is occupied by groves of native trees, sandbanks, small lakes and outer reef which afford refuge for innumerable seabirds, fish and turtles. The perimeter of the outer reef is about 30 miles. A lagoon of deep, sheltered water four miles long, which would afford unrivalled harbour for sea-planes operating to and from Papeete, occupies the centre of the island.

So far as is known, no further search for Tupai treasure has been made by outsiders since the Rorick brothers’ visit to the island; nor have the owners of the property made a systematic attempt to discover it. But their faith in its existence is indicated in the terms of the sale of their property, which for 50 years after sale, reserve for themselves onethird of whatever treasure shall be discovered. In the meantime, maybe pieces-of-eight, gem-encrusted crucifixes and chalices still await the spade of the successful hunter where the despoilers of the churches of Peru first cached them. 63

Air-Fare War

(Continued from Page 60.)

Namatj Ira

(Continued from Page 59) PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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It Was Quiet Election In

W. SAMOA From Our Own Correspondent . APIA, May 7.

THERE will be a number of new faces in the Western Samoan Legislative Assembly when it meets—there are two new European members and seven new Samoan members. The five Europeans who successfully survived the election on May 27 were:— Messrs. E. F.. Paul, G. F. D. Betham, A.

M. Guiau, H. W. Moors, and Jacob Helg.

The Samoans are Vui Manu’a, Tuala Turo, Masoe Tulele, Tualaulelei and Tofa Tomasi Timu F.P.. Toomata Lilomaiava F.P., Olaaiga F.P., Taupa’u Semu F.P., Mataia Europa F.P., Leutele S. Te’o F.P., and Anapu F.P.

There was little excitement before and during the election period and, apart from an election meeting at Aleisa Agricultural Settlement, electioneering was confined to pamphlets, announcements in the local paper and election addresses in English and Samoan over broadcasting station 2 AP.

European members were elected by those electors who have European status but the Samoan representatives were nominated by the 41 districts of Samoa and balloted for by the Fono of Faipule or Samoan Parliament.

Since the last election in 1948, 164 Chinese residents have been given European status, and they voted for the first time.

The election was not fought on party lines.

Putting More H In The Hcl

P-NG Postage Rates Up From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, May 20.

NEW postage rates came into effect in the Territory on May 17, bringing the charges into line with increases which were introduced in Australia some months ago.

Airmail letters to Australia and New Zealand are now 6d. for the first half ounce; ordinary letters and lettercards are threepence, postcards are 2sd., and there is a halfpenny rise in most other rates.

Telephone rentals which have been £7/10/- a year for both domestic and business phones have jumped to £lO for a private residence, and £l5 for business installations.

Island radiogram charges jumped from twopence a word to threepence, and there is also a rise in internal trunk line and radio-telephone charges. The old basis of charging on six minutes conversation has been amended to three-minutes at a charge of a penny for each five miles radial distance between the exchanges.

British Ship Seeks Help

IN BSI From Our Own Correspondent HONIARA, May 7.

THE SS Corda, British owned, from Japan, with a European master and a Chinese crew, paid a surprise visit to Gizo. New Georgia Group, BSI, in mid- April. She was reported short of coal and food and unable to make any other equally good harbour. She remained at Gizo awaiting the arrival of the Viti from Sydney with fuel and rations.

The Viti arrived early in May. Food supply on Corda was considered adequate but because of poor coal she was unable to make the Queensland port which yvas her destination. 66 JUNE. 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, May 20.

THE Papuan Administration vessel Laurabada, after 26 years’ service has been decommissioned.

She made her last voyage late in 1950 and took a terrific pounding off Samarai.

She limped back to Port Moresby with battered bows and many wounds which set experienced seamen shaking their leads over the ship’s future. A close scrutiny revealed rotten timbers and bolts 10 more than a thread of rust.

So Laurabada was condemned and her passing from the lists of sea-going ships vas marked by a decommissioning cerenony on May 12, with the Administrator, Jolonel Murray, in attendance, and also .he Commander of the HMAS Shoallaven, Commander R. I. Peek, whose vessel was in Port Moresby on a goodwill voyage.

A lot of Island history has flowed past the bows of this ship. She was used extensively by the late Sir Hubert Murray on his voyages as Lieutenant-Governor of Papua, usually with Mr. Leonard Murray (Sir Hubert’s nephew) as captain and navigator; and, with Mr. Ivan Champion in charge, it made a daring run into Japanese territory after the fall of Rabaul in 1942 to pick up survivors who had got through to Jacquinot Bay. Then she did duty as a naval ship and finally returned to the ways of peace as the official vessel of the present Administrator.

So far no announcement has been made regarding a replacement for the old craft.

Mr. E. J. Hallslrom, of Sydney, has invited Count Nils Gyldenstolpe, of Sweden, to accompany him on a hunting and collecting expedition on the central highlands of New Guinea. The count will gather material for the Swedish State Museum.

Laurabada —a photograph taken in 1980. 67 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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HHNZt V tH o* 1 °' ST ; heis^l oma+o Sauce H. J. HEINZ CO. PTY., LTD., 479 Bourke Street, Sydney. ttTOMAIO SAUCE Kf He Destroyed Gauguins Original Work!

A T the end of 1901, when the famous painter, Paul Gauguin, decided to end his days in the Marquesas islands, his property and possessions n Tahiti were sold to Mr. Nordman, of Papeete. In that connection it is not renerally known that the now well-known )scar G. Nordman, of Papeete, destroyed nillions of francs worth of Gauguin’s :arvings. paintings, statuettes, etc. Their 'alue, of course, was then not even guessed at.

Oscar was sent by his father to super- 'ise the clearing of the newly-acquired >roperty. Oscar was afraid of spooks, so le made a dead set at all the doors, window-panels, house-posts, etc., because hey were all carved and painted. They were used to start the kitchen fire, when naking Oscar’s coffee and cooking his ood.

The ceilings were made of carved loards, and these disappeared. A school eacher took them away and sold them or a small profit.

When, years later, Gauguin’s paintings were regarded by the world as priceless, aany members of different institutions rom all over the world arrived in Tahiti, nd Oscar was questioned closely about he disappearance of the many different rticles given into his care. Oscar then ealised his mistakes.

On this, Oscar Nordman made comaent;— At the time when I was destroying lauguin’s things, I became afflicted with ash, and my body itched intolerably. At the command of my uncle. Charles Thompson, I was taken to Tiurai, the native healer, to see what he could do.

When we confronted Tiurai, he lost no time in saying that he guessed the reason of our visit. “Go back home,” he said, “and open a can of salmon. Pour the liquid only into a tub of luke-warm water and bathe in it. But remember that the liquid only is to be used—destroy the meat.”

When we got home, we did as the healer directed.

Next day, accompanied by my uncle, I reported to Tiurai. To his astonishment, I was worse than on the previous day.

“Mr. Thomson,” he said “You are the cause of this boy not getting well. You wanted the meat that the can contained, and I made you understand that this should be destroyed, so no one could eat it.”

My uncle admitted eating it.

“So,” said Tiurai. “Go back home and start all over again. Bury the meat, bathe in the water, as I already prescribed, and come and see me tomorrow.”

The next day I was well.

But, somehow, I think now there was a connection between the affliction and the sin I committed in destroying Gauguin’s creations.

Death Of K. J. Angel

MR. K. J. ANGEL, died at Honiara on May 6 from poliomyelitis.

Mr. Angel who was 24 years old, was employed as a clerk in the Resident Commissioner’s Department. Willing, cheerful, pleasant and amusing, and a hard worker, he was very popular with everybody, and his tragic death, after only a week’s illness, shocked and saddened Honiara residents.

The Rev. C. W. Whonsbon-Aston, Chaplain of the Anglican Church, Western Samoa, was holidaying in Devonport, Tasmania, in April.

Miss Marie Hobbs, of Western Australia, was married to Mr. John Sherwood Hoare, of Nauru, in early June. The couple will make their home on the island where Mr. Hoare is an engineer with the British Phosphate Commission. 69 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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New Name For Suva Point

AT a recent meeting in Suva, of the committee for recommending names for streets and certain rural areas in sub-divisions of Crown Land in the Suva Peninsula, it was decided that the new sports ground, at present known as Laucala Bav Park, be re-named Buckhurst Park after Mr. W. H. Buckhurst, Director of Lands, Mines and Surveys.

In making the change of name, the committee has recorded that in view of the active part taken by Mr. Buckhurst in organising and promoting athletics in Fiji, and his work in preparing the area, it would be appropriate for the new sports ground to bear his name.

It was also decided to re-name Suva Point. This area will now be called Laucala Bay.

Ex-Missionaries in Methodist Posts in Australia THIS year four out of five Methodist.

Conferences in Australia have elected ex-Overseas Missionaries to the chief posts of their States.

In New South Wales the President is the Rev. A. M. Sanders, for many years a gifted missionary to the people of Tonga.

In Queensland the Secretary of the Conference is the Rev. T. Norman Deller, who gave a long and successful ministry to Fiji. He was the organiser of the Centenary celebrations, and gave a good lead to the new Jubilee church scheme for Suva.

In Victoria, the Secretary and Presidentelect is Dr. Harold Wood, who developed the great Tupou College and Queen Salote Girls’ School in Tonga. His legal knowledge proved most useful in the reunion of Methodism in Tonga.

Finally, in South Australia the Secretary and President-elect is the Rev. W. R.

Steadman, who gave very long and devoted service to the Indian Methodist Mission of Fiji, organising and building the big Toorak School; building the Hannah Dudley Memorial Church and other institutions.

Mr. P. P. Legh, who left the Solomon Islands three months ago after serving, as senior manager of Guadalcanal Estates (Lever’s) for two years, reached Sydney at the end of May after visiting Vancouver, Canada. He went on to Cairns to join his wife, who stayed in North Queensland during his absence abroad. 70 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Some Discussion In Australia THE facts that the Indonesians still are anxious to get control of Western New Guinea from the Dutch; that Asiatic Communists are tending to thrust southwards towards Australia; and that the Indonesians are more likely to fraternise with the Reds than oppose them, were debated in May, by the Liberal and Country Party of Victoria.

Members said that the Dutch could not bold the Reds back and they considered :hat Australia should buy Western New Guinea from the Dutch, and thus use the whole of the great island as a barrier igainst the Reds.

Mr. D. L. Hore Lacy, a well-known planter of New Britain, writing to the Melbourne Age, made some interesting comments; “One has only to remember how, at the cutset of the last war, the US hastened to ;ecure her outer defences by obtaining lossession of some British Islands in the Caribbean (in exchange for some obsolete lestroyers). Also one calls to mind the mrchase of Louisiana from France in the larly days of Federation for the sum of wo million dollars.

“This Island Continent—the last of the mpty spaces of a rapidly filling Earth yhich is fit for white habitation—has no rentiers to the south, east or west; it inly has one frontier, the tropical north.

Ve should remember that but for the trength of the US Navy in the battle of he Coral Sea and but for the heroism if the AIF on the Kokoda trail, that rentier would have been pierced in the ast war.

“What have we done since? The preious Government, in the person of its atuous and egocentric Minister, has mislandled our affairs to such an extent that le USA has abandoned Manus—a tropical igoon which they turned into a firstlass bastion on our northern frontier at cost of many millions. True, the RAN re now manning it to the extent of one ug and a small shore staff.

“Surely it is time, now that we are celerating our 50th year of Federation that re become more realistic.

“Not only should Manus be brought back ito full Commission, but we should aim t owning or controlling the whole of New luinea, the western portion of which used d be and still is controlled by the Dutch. >n no account should it be allowed to go y default to a rabble of ignorant Malays, /hether looked at from the native welfare ngle (which we are so solicitous about) r the defence angle, the situation calls 3r positive action.

“It is no use saying that we could not lan or police the Territory; there are lenty of men of experience to be drawn non from within the Empire.

“Not least important is the fact that le Dutch Territory contains Oil.”

Recent departures on leave from the 'ritish Solomon Islands include Mr. C. W. [indie, Commissioner of Lands; Mr. H.

V. Gaudin, Director of Education, who 111 spend three months’ Vacation leave i New Zealand; Dr. and Mrs. J. S. Mc- Kenzie Pollock, for the United Kingdom, nd Mr. W. G. Elliot of the Public Works department. Mr. and Mrs. A. P. Peebles nd Dr. and Mrs. W. H. McDonald reamed in May from overseas leave. Dr.

IcDonald will act as Senior Medicai >fficer during the absence of Dr. Mcienzie Pollock.

Battle With Hurricane

THE 22-ton schooner Ornant reached Auckland on May 13, 22 days out from Suva.

She had weathered almost 12 days of continuous hurricane and had torn sails, portholes smashed and bulkheads stove in.

On board were Captain Donald McLeod, his 20 year old son Kenneth, and three young men making their first sea trip as deckhands.

An Auckland firm bought Ornant last year from Captain B. Thomas, an American. 71 acific islands monthly junh. 1951

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Storage capacity: 5i cub. ft. (approx.); shelf area, 10 sq. ft. Food shelves, six—five removable; 2 self-supporting when half drawn. Ice-making: Four trays—s lb. ice per freezing: 80 cubes. Fuel consumption; 1,8 pints kerosene per day (approx.).

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Weight, unpacked, 406 lb. Packed, 574 lb. direct to: Head Office: 16 O'Connell St., Sydney, N. S. Wales 72 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Wherever you see the name “Kraft”, buy confidently, and remember, “Red Feather” foods are made by Kraft too. No finer foods can be found.

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BONOX pre-digested beef in its tastiest and most assimilable form. A valuable food for its high content of niacin (the anti-pellagric factor), and a powerful digestive stimulant. Dissolve in hot water for an appetising drink, or use as a spread or a flavouring for cooked dishes. Eat it and drink it for a lift I weeds affecting plants and animals likely to spread into or within the. areas, occurence, distribution, present methods of control within and exclusion from territories. Development and implementation of quarantine policy in the area. Conference of experts in 1951.

Commercial Relations—lnvestigation of credit facilities available for the development of agricultural, industrial, and commercial enterprises especially by indigenous peoples.

Records of Current Research—Maintenance of records of research work and investigations relating to economic development which are being carried out in the area or are of importance to the area.

Compilation of an annotated list of projects in operation or contemplated.

Social Development

Vocational Training—Survey of vocational training with a view to the possibilities of further developing centralised training institutions. (Completed) .

Visual Education —Survey of the use of visual aids in the education of island peoples. (Completed).

Mass Literacy—Study of methods for teaching literacy.

Applied Anthropology—Review of research work and needs in social anthropology.

Linguistic Research—Review of linguistic research work and needs. (Completed).

Co-operative Societies —Survey of the co-operative movements with a view to extension and development.

Buildings—Survey to determine the most suitable types of native buildings.

Community Development—Pilot projects in community development in (a) Fiji, and (b) Netherlands New Guinea and (c) to be carried out in an area of de-population.

Archaeological Sites—Recording and preservation of archaeological sites, historical monuments and archives.

Literature Bureau—Establishment of a South Pacific Literature Bureau to— (a) Encourage production of reading material suitable for the area; (b) Stimulate literary effort by Islands peoples; (c) Prepare model text books; (d) Prepare specimen follow-up material for mass literacy campaigns; (e) Conduct appraisal services for books and for films.

Vernacular Teaching—Collection of source materials for a study of vernacular teaching methods.

Any person or institution wishing to discuss with the Commission any matters relating to the foregoing, should note; Official correspondence should be addressed to “The Secretary-General, South Pacific Commission. Noumea, New Caledonia.”

Informal correspondence may be addressed to the Executive Officers for Health, or Economic Development, at the above address; and to the Executive Officer for Social Development, Box 5254, GPO, Sydney.

Young Fiji-Indian Joins Raf

THE Air Ministry in London has accepted Narendra Parshu Ram, of Lautoka, for a Royal Air Force aircraft apprenticeship at the RAF College, Cranwell, England. This is the first to be awarded in Fiji and the Western Pacific Territories.

Narendra Parshu Ram is a son of Parshu Ram, a teacher at the Natabua Secondary School, Lautoka, and was until recently a student at the Wellington Technical College in New Zealand. He received his secondary education at the Natabua Secondary School, Lautoka, and passed the Cambridge School Certificate examination. The entrance examination for the apprenticeship was held in Suva under the supervision of the Director of Education. 73

South Pacific Commission

(Continued on page 47) PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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TASMANIA: Mr. H. V. Sellers, 108 a Charles Street, Launceston.

FIJI: Mr. K. Witherington, 2 Burns Philp Buildings, Suva.

Fiji’s Official Festival Visitors THE three members of the Fiji Legislative Council, who will visit Britain as the guests of the United Kingdom Government during the Festival of Britain, have been nominated by the unofficial members of the Council. They are, Mr. H. Maurice Scott, Ratu G. C.

Tuisawau, and Mr. Tulsi Ram Sharma.

The period of the visit will be from July 9 to July 30 and it is expected that about 90 representatives from the Colonies will attend.

The three Fiji representatives will leave Fiji by BCPA aircraft on July 4, via Honolulu, San Francisco, and New York to London. They will return via Australia to Fiji, arriving at Nadi on August 8, 1951.

A Pan-Pacific Women’s Conference will be held in Christchurch, New Zealand in January, 1952.

Some Ideas For The New State Letter to the Editor THE Federal President of the RSL, after visiting these Territories, advocates their formation as a State.

The idea is full of possibilities, but much has to be thought of.

We must, of course, have a Coat-of- Arms. I suggest the shield be supported by Australian taxpayers, since the new State certainly would be.

A State should possess a traditional figure, or Father of His Country. For this position I nominate Edward the Liberator.

Eddie would be the principal figure in a group, heroic size, standing in front of our Parliament House. The group would depict the good man in benign pose, arm outstretched; crouched at his feet, in supplicatory attitudes, would be a number of emaciated natives, the overseer’s wealmarks plainly visible on their backs.

There must be pigeons fluttering (etc.) about. No public statuary is complete without these, I suggest our own goura pigeons—they are bigger than any others!

Well, it’s a grand idea. With other fossils I will have a vote—my second. The first was in France on the conscription issue; under-twenty-ones being allowed to vote there.

Will the natives be allowed to vote too, and pay income tax?

I am, etc., G. T. GEMMELL.

Mariboi Estate, Papua.

Mrs. D. Rawson, an American newspaper woman, who recently had been travelling through India and China writing articles for the US press, paid a visit to Papua and New Guinea in May on the “Bulolo.” 74 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

The Pacific Islands Society

(Founded 1937) Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons interested in Islands affairs, are invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social centre for those interested in the Pacific Islands.

Regular meetings and social gatherings, with lectures, are held at History House, 8 Young Street, Sydney, on the fourth Wednesday of each month, at 8 p.m.

Address for correspondence:— THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box 2434, G.P.0., Sydney. / V NATHAN'S MERCHANDISE (NSW) PTY. LTD.

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Pitcairn Relics

Rev. Nobbs’ Tahitian Testament Returned 11 TIDE publicity given to the return of ff the original “Bounty” Bible from USA to Pitcairn Island last year, joupled with an appeal by the Island’s leadmaster, Mr. A. W. Moverley (of the Western Pacific High Commission staff) ’or collectors of Pacificana to send back K) their home “Bounty” and early Pitcairn •elics, documents, books and letters, have lad worthwhile results.

Mr. Moverley was able to contact a lumber of people in Australia, NZ, Britain md USA, who apparently have in their >ossession items worthy of preservation in he archives of Pitcairn Island itself.

He is negotiating now, it is reported, for he return from an American collector of he “Bounty” oak tombstone originally >ver the grave of John Adams, last surrivor of the “Bounty” crew, who died on vlarch 5, 1829—nearly 40 years after Letcher Christian and his men sought Lsylum on the lonely island after the amous “Bounty” mutiny, in 1790.

Another relic, a Tahitian Testament, iwned by Rev. George H. Nobbs, first irdained minister of Pitcairn, and incribed “G. H. Nobbs, Chaplain, to Jack larris, December, 1856, Norfolk Island,” ms sent to Mr. Moverley early last month iy Mr. J. Downing, of Narrabeen, Sydney, t apparently had been a gift from Nobbs , short time after the ship Morayshire ransferred the whole over-crowded comaunity of 194 Pitcairners to Norfolk in aid-1856.

The Testament, which bears the imprint f the London Missionary Society, was lublished in 1844. It was a lucky “find” y Mr. Downing—in 1938, in an out-ofhe-way Sydney secondhand bookshop, diile he was making a purchase of the our-volumes edition of “Polynesian lesearches” by Rev. William Ellis at the argain price of £2/10/-, the bookseller asually offered him the Tahitian Testaaent for sixpence!

Another document Mr. Moverley hopes 0 acquire soon is a community letter rom the Pitcairners to the British Naval !haplain at Valparaiso (Chile), making plea for the ordination of Nobbs. The lissive has been preserved in Ulster by a escendant of the Valparaiso Chaplain.

George Hunn Nobbs, born in Ireland in 799, served in the British Navy and had colourful career in South America and Isewhere before he settled on Pitcairn 1 1828 to become the Island’s astor, schoolmaster, and surgeon. His arly days on the Island were not unarbulent, however —he was exiled for a [me to the Gambier Group (300 miles rest of Pitcairn) in the 1830’s, following ne advent of one Joshua Hill, a pompous dventurer, who claimed to have been uthorised to reside at Pitcairn Island by ae British Government. Hill eventually r as removed by the British warship tnogene and Nobbs returned to the commnity.

In 1852, Nobbs went to England to be rdained as a priest of the Church of ngland. He died on Norfolk Island, 'here he served the Pitcairn community, i 1884.

Mr. and Mrs. Maynard Gray, who are n leave from North Borneo, were in uva, in May, to spend a month’s holiay.

Mr. F. Stansfield, Fiji Government rinter, and Mrs. Stansfield, have left 3r the United Kingdom, where they will pend three months’ leave before proceedig on transfer to Nyasaland.

Western Samoan Trade

IN 1950 From Our Own Correspondent APIA, May 7.

THE following are the official trade returns for the calendar year 1950, just made public by the Western Samoan Collector of Customs: — Total Exports £1,303,761 Total Imports 1,095,121 Total Trade £2,398,882 Excess of exports over imports £2OB 640 Exports during the calendar year 1950 comprised 13,917 tons copra valued at £682,718; 1,880 tons of cocoabeans valued at £439,770; 97,357 cases of bananas valued at £81,159, and 555 tons of desiccated coconut valued at £74,934.

Mr. R. B. Ackland, Commissioner of Inland Revenue, Fiji, and Mrs. Ackland have left for the United Kingdom on leave. 75 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTjHLY JUNE, 1951

as iiiil I- V I m ■ •V: Price at Works (6 ft. Length): £4O/10/- Extra for 10-inch additional shelf and brackets (if required) : £2 Cost of packing and transport to wharf depends on the number and sizes of counters required. A quotation for packing will be submitted promptly upon request. 4 ft. Length: £27 8 ft. Length: £52 Another view of the “Brahol Export Counter case, showing width of counter space.

Brief Specifications

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Moreover, it is specially built for export, so that it can be readily securely packed, and assembled by anyone, from simple directions, in an hour, with no tools other than a screwdriver. Retailers all over the world have To help you get an accurate picture of the “Brahol”

Special Export Glass Counter Case, here are the main specifications: Overall size is 6 feet long x 1 ft. 9 in. deep x 3 ft. 3 in. high. Made from first-class, wellseasoned Queensland Maple, hand french polished, wax finished, in natural maple colour. Glass parts are i inch British plate glass.

The inside is lacquered ivory colour, and the recessed base is lacquered burgundy.

There is a pair of solid core sliding doors, and one glass shelf, 14 inches wide, on adjustable nickelplated brackets.

Storage space below is 11 inches high.

The plate glass front is 22 inches high. learned the selling value of modern display equipment, and this "silent salesman" will soon pay for itself in increased sales.

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Makers of Fine Store and Office Fittings for over a third of a century Brahol House, 66-74 McLachlan Avenue, Rushcutter Bay, Sydney. Telephone: FA 4121 Cable and Telegraphic Address: “Brahol.” 76 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

PLAIN AND

Self Raising

F LO UR, daJc fob ESTABLISHED 1868 Agents for Fiji, Tonga and Samoa: C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD , Suva, Fiji 1 Pi mmm W HEAD OFFICE: 379 KENT STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Telegrams and Cables: “CHASULL,” SYDNEY.

Telephone: MJ 4657.

And at Melbourne, Victoria Brisbane, Queensland.

Associated Companies : C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD., Suva, Fiji.

C. SULLIVAN INC., 230 California Street, San Francisco, U.S.A.

Over 30 Years' Pacific Island Experience Expert Buying Service Original Invoices Furnished Overseas Indents Arranged Best I rices for Chopra, Cocoa, Shells, and Ceneral Island Produce. the ground space of the present structure, comprising the present site and two adjoining allotments formerly held by the Bank of New South Wales. In the retail store there. will be twice the present flour space, with offices on the second storey over the central part of the building, and a bulk store at the back of the premises.

The main section will be constructed with a concrete facing, and a circular iriveway will enable trucks to be loaded md unloaded in the bulk store. This will oe a much appreciated improvement as it will end the pressure on parking space n front of the store, and the lines of lative employees carrying stocks into the buildings across the footpath.

If things go according to plan, the job will be finished by August next year.

THE Territory Island and Inter- Island shipping service has suffered a heavy loss through the stranding )f the 300-ton wooden vessel Kelanoa. She vent aground on a rock ledge near Kimiian in New Ireland on May 7, and, despite salvage attempts by the naval tug, Reserve, and other ships, had to be abandoned. With a heavy list and her engine *oom flooded and all attempts to pump ler out unavailing, the Reserve could not nove the stricken ship, and snapped its leaviest towline in trying to do so.

On the advice of Reserve’s Commander md that of the Production Control Board’s Marine Superintendent, it was decided to abandon all salvage efforts.

Everything moveable was taken off, and t is believed the hull will be offered for public tender.

Nobody has yet put an official figure on he loss but it is unlikely to be much less ;han £25,000. Almost as serious is the additional strain placed on the already inadequate government fleet.

Another government ship, the Kulu, went aground at Kulili on Kar Kar Island near Madang early in May. It was refloated and taken to port for repairs.

THINGS are beginning to move at Madang. During May two special leases for slip sites were put up for public tender, also a hotel site.

The slip site leases specify erection of slips within twelve months from the granting of the lease, and these facilities must accommodate ships of at least 200 tons.

The hotel site lease is certainly going to keep the successful tenderer jumping around for its conditions call for erection of a building valued at a minimum of £12,500.

At present Madang has no licensed hotel, but a grand job is being done by Mrs. M. Pitt in catering for the travelling public at her boarding house. With buildings which were overdue for demolition years ago she has turned army hutments into a cheerful, homely hostelry with first class meals and smiling service.

Nobody—not even the shrewdest bargainer —would give tuppence for the buildings, but travellers have to go far, indeed, to find a more comfortable home from home. (COMBINED Commonwealth Jubilee and J Empire Day celebrations were held throughout the Territory on May 24.

The Port Moresby programme started with a parade of the Papua and New Guinea Volunteer Rifles, the Pacific Islands Regiment and the Royal Papuan Constabulary and New Guinea Police Force. It was really an excellent show

The Month In Papua-New Guinea

(Continued from page 43) PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT 111 :LY JUNE, 1951

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THE Bulolo airstrip, one of the oldest in the Territory, has been closed to Douglas aircraft until an official check is made of the approaches.

Evidently this strip has been a headache to several pilots, as the Airline Pilots’

Association of Australia has protested that it is dangerous, and its members are not at all happy about operating from it in DC3’s. When old-timers stressed that the strip has been particularly free of landing and take-off accidents over 20 years, the Civil Aviation boys put that down to a combination of mighty good flying and mighty good luck. They claim that the rising ground at the end of the strip is too close for safety, and if engine! trouble occurred just at take-off a pilot, has little chance of clearing the hill.

The CA officials say they have been, stressing the hazards of the strip for morei than a year and urging construction of a new one. Since this has not eventuated, they have taken action and banned thei use of Douglas planes. This must bei quite a blow to Bulolo Gold Dredging which makes extensive use of air freighting.

The action on the Bulolo strip had Wau residents worried in case their strip might fall out of line on civil aviation standards. However, the Department says the Wau airfield is quite OK for all types of planes flipping around the Territory.

AFTER a lot of discussion and a notable lack of response from the general public in the way of ideas, the Port Moresby Advisory Council and the Port Moresby RSL Sub-Branch have finally setttled the problem of a World War II Memorial.

It has all boiled down to a simple bronze plaque to be placed near the World War I Memorial Gates at Ela Beach, plus a sun-dial. The names of those who served in the Second World War will not be engraved on the plaque—apparently nobody considers that it is possible to get a correct list. So there will be an appropriate inscription and nothing more.

An appeal for funds to finance the cost of the new memorial will be launched as soon as its approximate outlay is known.

The Parks and Gardens Section of the Agricultural Department has done a splendid job improving and beautifying the Memorial Corner. The credit is due to a young Dutchman who was originally engaged as a clerk, but by some miracle 78 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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We Want Your Goodwill! of departmental juggling was finally moved to the Parks and Gardens job.

It shows that, on the law of averages, even in the civil service they get this business of round pegs and square holes sorted out some time.

AN adequate electricity supply is still dangling like an enticing carrot ahead of Port Moresby residents, but it looks as though the townsfolk are going to get a bite out of it soon, for now the deadline for full power supply Is September.

This time, there is some solid backing for improved power hopes—three fine new streamlined generators at the Konedobu powerhouse. The alternators that will make two of them complete are on their w T ay from Britain. The bits and pieces of the third generator are all at Port Moresby and the mechanical experts are now putting it together. When they all get going this trio should provide us with power without blackouts.

THE RSL plan for establishing soldier settlers in the Territory has veered away from the first choice, Sangara, near Mt. Lamington, in Papua, and is now centring around the Warangoi Valley area south of Rabaul.

Warangoi was recently inspected by a party of RSL representatives and Administration officials, and the reports are encouraging. Apparently there are around 45,000 acres suitable for cocoa growing, and road access to the district would not be difficult as the main Rabaul road already runs to the edge of the area.

The agricultural experts calculate that it would take £14,000 to establish each soldier-settler on a 250 acre block and see him through until the cash crops started rolling in. This amount covers the cost of clearing and planting, erection of a home and other buildings, running costs while in the development stage, and provision of a reasonable living standard until the property was self-sufficient. On present cocoa prospects, the agricultural experts estimate that the settlers would be able to pay off all the loan within 15 years.

Now the RSL has been told that there is another large area of good cocoa land lying in a semi-circle behind Cape Hoskins near Talasea. The Agricultural Department computes this at 100,000 acres, not including rough land or areas occupied by native communities.

A report on the inspection at Warangoi and suggestions regarding the Cape Hoskins area are being placed before the Administrator by the RSL.

Rnzaf Officers Visit

W. SAMOA Prom Our Own Correspondent APIA, May 22.

A PARTY of high ranking RNZAF officers visited Western Samoa on May 19, departing again on the following day.

The party included Air Vice Marshal Carnegie, Chief of Air Staff RNZAF, Group Captain Flemming, RAAF Liaison officer, and Wing Commander Trigance, Commanding Officer Laucala Bay, Fiji The officers were the guests of the High Commissioner, Mr. R. G. Powles at dinner on May 19.

The proposed visit of HMNZS Taupo, which was to coincide with the flag raising and King’s Birthday celebrations on June 1 and 2, has been cancelled owing to the waterfront situation in New Zealand.

Fiji Planters Get Less

FOR COPRA BECAUSE of increased handling charges, the Fiji Copra Board has decided to reduce by £1 the local price paid for copra.

As from May 7 the local buying price at Suva and Levuka is £FS4 10 6 for plantation grade and £FS4 5 - for FMS grade.

Two anthropologists will visit Papua- New Guinea later this year. They are Mr. and Mrs. R. M. Bemdt, graduates of s y dne y University. Mrs Berndt recently won a Fellowship of the International Fe I { J erat^< ? l ? will enable her to carry out her New Guinea work. The University of Sydney has arranged that Mr. Berndt will also be able to carry out work in P-NG while Mrs. Bemdt is there. 79 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH XT JUNE, 1951

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From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, May 20.

THE second meeting of the Rabaul Advisory Council was held at the Masonic Hall, on May 4.

Discussing the official plan to remove the administrative centre from Rabaul to the new site at Rapopo, Mr. Perriman, representing the New Guinea Company, urged that a definite decision be given on this, and a date set, with tolerance of one year.

Mr. Perriman also spoke on the vital need for the reconstruction of the telephone lines to Kokopo.

Mr. Brammell, ADO, suggested that the laying of a cable would be economical and a swifter way of establishing the line.

Mr. Whippey (Burns Philp and Co.) spoke with feeling of the necessity for clearing undergrowth and debris from town property. He said that certain areas }f Rabaul were a disgrace to any comnunity, particularly a European one, and le moved that the clearing of sites by )wners be made compulsory.

An interesting suggestion came from Vlr. Don Barrett, regarding the construction of an alternative aerodrome to Vlatupi. He said that, in case of an ;ruption, Matupi possibly would be >bliterated.

Mr. Brammell said that evacuation Jans had been circulated among the )opulation; four food dumps had been organised; and areas marked off with phite drums for the dropping of food rom planes, if necessary. He said the [uestion of an alternate drome had not been discussed, but the suggestion was an excellent one, which he thought should be given immediate attention.

Mr. Barrett suggested Pal Mai Mai, at Jacquinot Bay, as the most suitable site.

Most pertinent comment of the evening came from Mr. Dudley Jones, who submitted that the proposed move to Rapopo was merely a face-saving device on the part of the Government. He said that unless the move was authorised by the Australian Parliament, and provision made for compensation, many small people (who had been forced by the Government’s procrastination in making a decision on the site of the new town into erecting decent and permanent dwellings and business premises in Rabaul) would be ruined.

Mr. Dudley Jones pointed out that not only had some people invested all they owned in private enterprise in Rabaul, but many had borrowed money in order to set up businesses to earn their livelihood. These people, he said, should be protected and compensated, and their position would be clarified if Rabaul was officially declared an unsafe area, and evacuation ordered.

A FAREWELL dinner was given at the Ascot Hotel on April 17, to Mr. Les Michel, by his cricketing friends in Rabaul and Kokopo.

Mr, Michel has been in Rabaul since 1946, when he served here in the Army.

During this time his guidance and help to young cricketers have been of great value to cricket-lovers. He left Rabaul at the end of April, having retired from his position as accountant in the New Guinea Company.

There were 25 cricketers oresent, representing every cricket team in the area, and all subscribed to the wish that, since Mr. Michel in future would live in Port 81 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE. 1951

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Vale, “San Michele”! You will be missed —and not only at the cricket pitch.

IN aid of the Mt. Lamington Relief Fund Rabaul Swimming Club staged a spectacular swimming Carnival May Besides water jousts and tourneys which delighted the audience, several championship events were decided. From these emerged Bill Cohen of Kokopo as winner of the men’s open freestyle race. Lady champion was Mrs. Smith of OTC. The entrants in this race appeared in gowns designed rather for the parade than “le sport.” Mrs Smith, in a strictly utilitarian and businesslike suit, carried the day.

TOO much tribute cannot be paid to the men of the “little ship” brigade.

When the Kelanoa went aground at Kandan, New Ireland, recently, during a spell of violent wind and seas, the SOS came through to Rabaul at a time when there was not a ship in Harbour which could be sent to her assistance.

But during the night the 85 ft trawler, Matoko, under the command of Goya Henry, came in to port, after battling through the heavy seas outside, and turned back immediately to go to the assistance of the Kelanoa.

New Hebrides Gets Weekly Air Service From Our Own Correspondent VILA, May 20.

IT is expected that the Qantas Empire Airways flying-boat service to the New Hebrides will shortly be on a weekly basis.

This extra service will be appreciated by Hebrides residents who, without air transport would be in a very isolated position.

Trans Oceanic Airways, using a Short Sunderland flying boat pioneered the route only as recently as 1947. Their service extended north from Santo to Honiara. Prior to their entry into the transport field, communication between Australia and the New Hebrides was restricted to surface craft of which the veteran Morinda formed the backbone.

TOA ran a monthly schedule, but was dogged by bad luck. There were delays but no one could deny that the service fulfilled an urgent need. A “feeder” service run by Trapas was plying at the same time between Noumea, Vila and Santo. This service was later replaced by Air France, which ran a successful service until unsettled conditions in Saigon cut it off.

TOA withdrew from the Sydney-New Hebrides-BSI run in early 1950.

In July 1948 Qantas Empire Airways announced a fortnightly service from Sydney to the New Hebrides. An initial survey flight was made and landing buoys were laid at Vila and Santo. The survey Catalina departed. Weeks passed and the promised service did not eventuate —presumably due to some hitch over landing rights. It was October before the first Qantas Catalina touched down on the Canal at Santo but the company soon won the complete confidence of the New Hebrides people. The Catalina unfailingly arrived to the expected minute.

Although QEA has been running the service to the Hebrides regularly every second week for the past 18 months, it is still officially an “unscheduled” service.

It is understood that the company has to go through the formality of applying to the Condominium Government for a special permit to land every time they make a flight. This variety of red-tape appears ridiculous to the layman no matter what “reasons of State” lie behind it.

This air link with Australia is a great benefit to NH residents and the government. Apart from the fact that it means speedy communication, since the 14seater Catalina was replaced with a 30passenger Sandringham, we have been able to get urgent freight by this means —and fresh vegetables, fruit and eggs.

New Caledonia has decided to spend another 50,000 francs, to continue the fight against noxious weeds, among them the lantana and the guava which now cover large areas of the country. sit * * The New Caledonia company known as Societe de Propagande Francaise en Oceanic, with a capital of 1,400,000 francs, has sold the Noumea daily paper La France Australe, of strongly Catholic tendencies, to the Societe Caledomenne d’Editions. 82 JUNE. 1951-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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That Iniquitous Mof Copra

CONTRACT Letter to the Editor IN the oversea news of Sydney Morning Herald on May 20 appeared an item that the British Ministry of Food had increased the price of household fats, margarine, etc., by fourpence per lb.; or £37/6/8 Stg. per ton, equivalent to £46/13/4 Aust.

As the prices by the British Ministry of Food at ports of shipment for Pacific Islands copra is not much greater than this amount, planters will be justified in thinking that this may portend a big increase in the MOF price to them.

One is inclined to speculate that the MOF has repented of its evil ways and has decided to compensate planters for the price shortcomings of the iniquitous MOF contract—in particular, to do the decent thing and allow them the benefit of the revaluation of sterling. This revaluation of sterling is now coming home to roost so far as the cost of production of copra is concerned. Prices of calicos, tinned meats for rations, copra bags, machinery and equipment, etc., are skyrocketing. Rice is up another £8 per ton.

A recent news item stated that Canada was compelled to buy copra from the Philippines, no Empire copra being available. This is symptomatic if what happens when bureaucracy takes charge of commerce. Before the war a steady trade with Canada was being built up for Pacific Islands copra. The MOF contracts mean that Canada must seek fresh sources of supply, or purchase copra from the MOF. In the latter case it is heavy odds on that they will not be able to purchase on anything like the same advantageous terms as the MOF.

I am, etc., MUG PLANTER.

Editorial Note:: During the past two months, the price of copra, in European ports, has fluctuated between £llO and £145 Sterling per ton. But under the MOF contract the British Socialist Government, by the trick of devaluing Sterling over 30 per cent, in relation to the dollar after the MOF contract was made, is paying the South Pacific planters only about £55 Sterling per ton.

Mr. K. H. Grove of the Methodist Church in Tonga, was attending the Methodist General Conference in Adelaide, SA, in May. He said that the Methodist Church in Tonga has 26,000 members.

A passenger to Sydney by Qantas flying boat in early May was Julian Toganivalu, a 19-year-old Fijian who was on his way to the United Kingdom to enter Sandhurst—the first Fijian ever to do so.

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Review: Helping the Native to Get Along With Us A SMALL booklet (The Blending of Cultures—An Essay on the Aims of Native Education), written by the late Dr, F. E. Williams, who was Papuan Government anthropologist from 1924 until he was killed while on duty early in the Pacific war, has recently been republished by the Papua-New Guinea Administration.

Primarily, it is intended for P-NG officials who are concerned with native administration, but it is interesting also to the layman in the light of post-war trends in the administrative approach to native affairs.

Dr. Williams wrote his essay in 1935, at i time when any aims in native education, J' l fv,^ P Jf^ ining e ?" & tenment of the native, was held to be >trictly the business of the very few “ the matter - , T 1^ e SfSiS £ lC +v, nc £ ave even a ?, acaden ? lc nost of It as 6 fLJf as rul:, kish, most of them, at i^ erß r 1 ? 10re concerned with rymg to make a living out of copra which vas then bringing about £9 in London. If hey had shown more interest then in lative problems we would probably have >een spared the violent reaction in the ther direction that first manifested itelf during the war years.

Since the war, the layman has had to in I ll terest X P native affairs whether i t Q i )r , n( £’ never b ? f °re has the heonst had such an opportunity of get- L S? 0 S o/ d c e ,? S y, mto P^chcc— and we can ope tlmt such opportunity will not come gam - As far as Papua-New Guinea was concerned, the Theorists went after the unfortunate exponents of private enterprise in full cry and, mixing their pet notions into large, rough pills, forced them willy nilly, down the gullets of their unwilling victims. The result has been acute mental indignation on the part of the layman and a revulsion from anything propounded by a Theorist, good or bad.

Probably it can be said, however, that the layman, having been forced to swallow the unpalatable pills, will retain something of them and that, in the years ahead, some happy medium between the extremes of Theorism and Conservatism may result.

In the meantime, probably even the conservatives are already sufficiently conditioned to this New Thought to be interested in what Dr. Williams had to say about the aims of native education away back at a time when they thought natives, as distinct from native labourers, were no concern of theirs.

DR. WILLIAMS states that no one who has seriously studied the question can believe that the natives should be left just as they are. Nor is the ideal straight out Europeanisation. The solution, he thinks, is a blending of the two cultures—the native retaining what is best in his own culture and adopting what is best for him in ours. “It is obvious,'’ he says, “that there is change ahead for every primitive society that is brought under European control or influence ”

When Dr. Williams wrote that, the Papua- New Guinea natives were still many years away from the Pacific war. The “culture clashes” that happened during that period were not brought about with the “due precaution” advocated by Dr. Williams 85 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Co IyerW a fy °f New r • Tn.' 0 n -“ Telegrams 3 Cables: FOUNDRY. NE WCASTLE-ON-TYNE.'' Codes ABC. Sth & 6th Editions, Gain, iea and the effect they had on the natives of New Guinea are well known to the residents of the Territory to-day.

Dr. WILLIAMS believed that there were three ways in which we could contribute to the betterment of native existence; (1) A reformed horticulture—a practical training calculated to raise his standard of living; (2) The teaching of the English language so that “the gate might be opened to wider fields of experience and knowledge;” And (3), Christianity.

Dr. Williams was not blind to the dangers of giving our religion to primitive people—they are, he said, particularly prcne to getting hold of the wrong end of the religious stick which turns them into zealots —fanatical Puritans—or produces strange freaks of behaviour such as the various “cults” or “movements.” But he believes that “Christianity for the present and the long future is the best available spiritual diet we can offer to primitive peoples.”

IT probably can be said that these three fundamentals have formed the pattern of the post-war policy of the P-NG administration towards native administration. The manner in which the plan was put into action, however, was probably very much different to what Dr.

Williams had in mind. In his concluding paragraph he says this: “If it provides for understanding, helpfulness and goodwill between native and European, and if it enables the more backward race to develop latent powers to live a fuller and richer life, then the main aims of education will have been fulfilled.”

It will be noticed that Dr. Williams said goodwill between “native and European”— that is, Europeans in the mass, not missionaries or school teachers or administration officials exclusively—Europeans generally. And it seems to this writer that in the first year or so after the resumption of civil administration in Papua-New Guinea, the men who should have been guiding the natives to this co-operation and understanding were producing just the opposite effect. With the backing of the rat-bags that were then in high places in Australia, some sections of the Administration went back to the Territory believing that they had a charter to turn Fapua-New Guinea into what they conceived to be a native heaven, in the quickest possible time. Only those who were professed hand-maidens to this scheme were tolerated. Those who indulged in those mundane things lumped

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ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY.LTD. 54a PITT ST. SYDNEY CABLE ADDRESS 'ROBEROLL*SYDNEY PHONE 8U2221 together as “private enterprise” were not worth considering. This attitude coming when it did, on top of three years of war and more culture clashes than any anthropologist dreamed of, must have done far more harm to the Williams ideal of co-operation than any of the previous decades of so-called exploitation. The fact that there have not been far more repercussions from those first few years of post-war Civil Administration is probably due to the fundamental good sense of the ordinary Territorian, European and native.

“It is obvious,” says Williams, “that our civilisation is incomparably richer than the natives’ and that we, who happen to be the masters, are in a position to broaden and elevate the life of those who are in the position of pupils.”

Our richer civilisation was not built entirely by Administration officials or missionaries or those people who, in 1945, would have liked to have kept “private mterprise” out of the Territory so that the pure flower of administrative theory night be brought to bloom in a rarified itmosphere of higher thought.

In a nutshell, Williams’ idea of native education was to aim at something that vould allow natives and Europeans to get ilong together. If this ideal is now to be nade the cornerstone of future Adminisration policy in New Guinea one can only include by saying that it is a pity that fhe Blending of Cultures was not discovered and re-printed sooner.- JUDY TUDOR.

Red Cross Branch Formed

IN BSI From Our Own Correspondent HONIARA, May 1. \ T a recent meeting held in the Resi- "l dency, Honiara, a branch of the Red Cross Society was formed, to be nown as the British Red Cross Society •ritish Solomon Islands Branch.

Office bearers and committee members r ere elected as follows: Patron, His [onour the Resident Commissioner (Mr. [. G. Gregory-Smith); President and hairman, Mrs. H. G. Gregory-Smith; hrector. Dr. Mary McKenzie Pollock; ecretary, Mrs. E. S. Cook; Treasurer, Lr. C. N. Bolton: Assistant Director Junior Red Cross), Miss Susan Gregorymith; Secretary ((Junior Red Cross), Ciss Diane Barnfather; Quartermaster, [r. R. Barnfather; Blood Transfusion fficer, Mrs. V. J. Shearwin; Hospital isiting and Epidemics Officer, Mrs. E. J. •• Colchester Wemyss; Finance Officer, [r. V. Lawson; Emergency and Transit Officer, Mr. R. Davies; Ex-officio ember, Dr. J. S McKenzie Pollock Senior Medical Officer); Committee embers, Mrs. L. Klaucke, Mr. P. ughes, Mr. Him Choy, Mr. Daniel Pule!

Death Of Mr. J. B. Mawson

IHE death of Mr. J. B. Mawson, (see May PIM) formerly Headmaster of the Suva Boys’ Grammar School, me _, as a s h° c k to all Suva residents, r. Mawson was highly respected by all embers of the Community, not only for e care and attention he showed to his ipils, but also for the interest he showed their subsequent advancement, in latever occupation they took up.

He was educated in Otago, graduated A at Otago University and became secondary school teacher in various lools in the South Island of New aland, and later at Wellington •liege. He saw active service in the st World War, and then returned to ellmgton College. Subsequently he became an inspector of secondary schools in New Zealand, and then Headmaster of St. Andrew’s School in Christchurch.

Later, as a Lieutenant Colonel, he commanded a New Zealand Battalion in Fiji.

He returned to Fiji as headmaster of the Suva Boys’ Grammar School from which post he retired at the end of 1950.

His quiet manner and outstanding leadership played a very large part in laying the foundation of many a boy’s character.

Master Alexander Ross flew from Sydney to Canton Island, Central Pacific, early in May, by PAA airliner, to spend school holidays with his father, Dr. S. G.

Ross, who is Chief Medical Officer for the US Civil Aeronautics Administration at the little Anglo-American Condominium.

Dr. Ross formerly was Medical Officer at Nandi Airport, Viti Levu, and before that was in Hawaii. While her son is at college in Sydney, Mrs. Ross is living at Rose Bay.

Miss Noni Pyke, of Newcastle, NSW, was married in May to Mr. John Segaert, of Fiji. They had a 10-days honeymoon in Sydney before they flew to Lautoka where they will make their home.

Mr. and Mrs. G. W. Toogocd, of Lae, New Guinea, left Adelaide SA, in May by the Orcades for a six months trip to the United Kingdom and Europe. Their two children are staying in Adelaide with Mrs. Toogood’s mother. 87 *CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—.JUNE!, 1951

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Making New Guinea Natives Fish Conscious

Report of 1950 Fisheries Survey IT might be imagined that natives from the coastal regions of Pacific islands whose traditional diet is fish (and coconuts) might be capable of providing themselves with same. But apparently this is not so. Between January and April this year a Commonwealth Fisheries expert was sent to Papua to teach the natives of the Samarai area to catch fish.

The expert was sent at the request of Mr. Cecil Able, of the Kwato Mission.

The official explanation was that Mr.

Able "wants to develop fishing in Papuan waters to improve native diet." It might be remembered that a couple of Kwato natives visited Sydney last year and inspected fish canneries; they said that they intended to start canneries with the help of the Australian Government in Papua. It was probably with something of this sort in view that the Commonwealth provided the expert.

The officer sent was Mr. A. O’Grady who said that Papuans knew only how to fish with a line, a spear, with traps or by trolling. He instructed them in bait net fishing, trawls, drift nets, beach seine nets, long lines with up to 90 hooks and live bait pole-fishing for tuna. Under his supervision they also constructed nets and lines.

He said that they were eager to learn new methods and although much slower than Europeans at net-making were painstakingly accurate.

THE report of the Fairwind fisheries expedition to P-NG waters has recently been released. (It will be remembered that in June, 1950, Fairwind vith five European officers, including Captain Sandy Campbell, and 12 Papuans, was lost in a cyclone off the northern NSW coast when returning to Sydney after several months survey in New Guinea).

The report shows that the area east of Samarai around the Louisiades is most productive—this is an area of about 3,000 square miles abounding in shallow reef waters which apparently make good trolling grounds.

Reefs on the east coast of Bougainville are much smaller but produce the same species of fish and in good quantities.

In the Laughland-Woodlark Group in Papua shallow sandy bottom gives good results close in to shore but reef fishing here did not produce much fish. The Trobriands possess a fair area of shallow reef and good fishing but the small reefs of other Papuan groups were not productive of much fish. The North Western Islands of New Guinea have some extensive reefs but trolling and line fishing here produced only mediocre results.

The extensive lagoons at the mouths of Sepik and Ramu rivers support a large fishery and off-shore in these regions there are considerable schools of tuna in the N-W season —a time when fishing close inshore is impossible in this area.

Southward to Milne Bay along the Mainland coast the coast is generally sharply shelving and, with the exception of an area off Buna, the fishing is poor.

Tuna shoals are less common than to the north ivest. Good line fishing reefs lie off the Gazelle Peninsula in New Britain and the south coast of New Britain appeared to have the best beach seine fishing areas. rriHERE are a great variety of fish in A P-NG waters but the greatest part of the Fairwind’s catches comprised 20 main varieties including: Spanish mackerel, pike, job fish, trevally, various tunas, dogtooth, yellowfin, bass and bream, cod and coral trout.

A great deal of native fishing is done by natives in estuaries and lowland rivers, especially -the Sepik, where natives smoke and process prawns and fish and barter them up and down the river.

The report suggests that inland rivers should be stocked with fresh-water fish and that pond culture would also assist these natives to become fish conscious.

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Indonesians In New Caledonia

From Our Own Correspondent NOUMEA, June 1.

IT is officially reported that on March 31 there were 6,633 Indonesians in New Caledonia, of whom 1,764 were children: and 4,011 Indochinese (1,910 children). Repatriation operations in the near future were expected to cost 38 million francs, of which over 17 millions were in hand.

During the war years, when repatriation provisions broke down, some thousands of Indonesians were allowed to settle permanently in the colony.

Through The Comrades’ Eyes

THAT such wickedness could be! The following extract is from the Sydney Communist newspaper, Tribune, of May 10: Just what imperialism means in exploitation of native labour can be seen aboard the motor vessel Kofala, tied up at Storey & Keers’ shipyards, Balmain.

The vessel is owned by British imperialist interests which run and control the Solomon Islands. It is manned by a crew of Solomon Islanders getting the princely sum of £6 a month.

Until friendly Australian shipyard workers brought them old pairs of long pants recently, the natives were shivering in Sydney’s cold weather in the short pants provided by their indifferent imperialist bosses; The miserable £6 a month, it might be pointed out, is the overseas wage. When they are at home the benevolent owners give the native seamen only £2/10/- a month.

A shipyard worker who drew the Tribune’s attention to the Kofala said that natives have been in Sydney away from their families for over three months.

“They are ‘free’ to go into the city but they don’t get far at our prices with 30a week,’’ the worker said.

“Quite anart from the way they’re exploited, recently when one of the boys asked for some eggs to vary their diet he was told by one of the whites that ‘hens don’t lay eggs for black men’.”

In early June at All Saints, Wollahara, Miss Angela Hunter, daughter of the late Mr. A. J. Hunter of New Guinea, and Mrs.

H. R Wales of Rose Bay, was married to Mr John Carrick of Bellvue Hill. 90 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Spoiling The

PAPUANS An Old Timer's Protest Letter to the Editor SUPPOSE I am out of touch with the times: but I must confess that I got a real shock when, as a World War eteran, I went along to the Anzac Day tcheon at the CTA Club, in Brisbane, i there found a couple of Fuzzy Wuzzy gels preparing to sit down at table with 'our of these Papuan natives came down •e under Red Cross protection or someng—something to do with the Lamingi appeal—and they were served with als by Sinabadas at the Mission cafe, ile the newspapers published the usual ff about them.

Vhen I learned that two were to be the Anzac Day luncheon —which was be addressed by the Prime Minister — aturally thought that the two would be nitted after we had eaten, and enraged to say a few words about the >eal. Not on your life! ifter the bugle call, we all filed into dining hall and —Blow me down! —if Red Cross gentleman and the two ives didn’t file in, too. And they were sn seats, and they ate with us with ves and forks—and were allowed to take of our beer!

Ir. Menzies talked to us. But the boys e not asked to do anything—they just and ate —and drank! You can imagine v this old Papuan felt about it. was going to write to the newspapers ut what’s the use! These people with Brown Brother complex, led, I regret say, by the New Guinea Administrator, I’t know what they are doing, and the rspapers know even less. They would y regard me as one of the old school, [ a friend of the exploiters. They will ce up, one day, to the crime they are imitting against the Europeans—and inst the natives!—but by then it will too late. never thought I should live to see the when I would sit down in a formal cheon gathering with two native luans, complete with ramies and san- 5, eating our food and sharing our r. Yet none of my fellow Club-mem - > seemed to see anything wrong with did not believe the stories that the ;ent Administrator has had natives like at his luncheon-table at Government ise, in Moresby. But I saw these lads :he Brisbane luncheon on Anzac Day, i my own eyes. i a very few years, the way things are ig, there will arise a Doctor Lahui a, or something, claiming equality i the Europeans, and the prompt rei of all the lands and plantations— kicking us out of the land we deveid and civilised. wonder whether the Ancient and Disourable Society of Sydney Pilferers— .rfies to you—would like to sit down to e with a brace of their Indonesian trades!

I am, etc. bane, i/51.

E. L. A. BEACH.

Drunken Seamen In Sydney

(A Letter to the Editor) unpleasant incident occurred when the New Guinea hound Muliama sailed from Sydney a few days ago. sailing was delayed for over an hour ie the native crew was rounded up.

At the advertised sailing time several crew members were missing, but eventually arrived in a state of belligerent and obscene intoxication. Members of the city police were called to restore order. , , . ~ . TCTI .

The 1946 amendments to the NSW Liquor Act made it legal to supply coloured persons with liquor, with the exception of Australian aborigines living on reserves. Our legislators ignored the fact that native seamen on Island vessels are at the most, only one or two generations removed from savagery and cannibalism.

As both sides of the legislature have stated their intention of revising the NSW Liquor Act, it is hoped that a tightening up of the control of liquor sales to visiting native seamen will not be overlooked.

The Muliama incident is not the only one of this nature to have occurred in recent months.

I am, etc..

Manly, ISLANDER. 24/5/51.

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Shipping And Plane Services

Ship Services

Sydney-NZ-Fiji-Hawaii-Nth. America TTHE itinerary of the Canadian-Australasian liner “Aorangi” (17,500 tons) is Sydney, Auckland, •*- Suva (Fiji), Honolulu (Hawaii), Victoria (Vancouver Island), and Vancouver (British Columbia.

Canada). Time-table for the Pacific section of her run is;— Mew Zealand—Fiji— Samoa—Tonga Monthly Service by MV “Matua”

ERVICE CONDUCTED BY UNION SS CO.,

.Td—Subject To Alteration Without

NOTICE.

This ship has been held up by the New Zealand ratersiders’ strike which is now in its third iionth. New Unions have been formed in some fZ ports but it is not yet clear when strikeound ships will go to sea.

Matua normally makes calls at Suva. Nukuajfa, Vavau, Niue, Pago Pago. Apia and returns » Auckland via Suva.

Sydney—N. Caledonia- Tahiti INERS of the Messageries Marltimes main- -* tain a service at about two-monthly itervals between Sydney, Vila (New Hebrides), oumea (New Caledonia) and Papeete (Tahiti), i route to Marseilles, via the Panama Canal: nd they return by the same route.

New Caledonia—New Hebrides

HHE New Caledonian Government has sub- ■ sidlsed and maintained the coastal shipping services. The East Coast, tho West aast, and the Loyalty Islands, under present editions, receive 10 round trips per annum be ships call at the following ports: EAST COAST.—Yate, Ounla. Thlo, Nakety mala, Kouaoua Kua, Moneo. Ponerthouen, Ibarama, Polndlmle. Wagap, Touho, Tlpindje, lenghene, Tao, Oubatch, Pouebo, Balade, Pam. rama, and return.

WEST COAST.—Pouembout. Kone, Temala, 3h, Ouaco Gomen, Koumac, Tangaiou. Tlebaghi, »houe, Poume, Baaba, Belep and return.

LOYALTY ISLANDS.—Mare (Tadlne», Llfou ihepenehe) Ouvea (Pajaoue. St. Joseph) and turn.

The steamer "Neo Hebrldals” runs regularly tween Noumea and Svdney. with occasional ips to the New Hebrides (mostly Aneityum). ie owners arc Soclete Maritime et Manlere »gen, Noumea. Sydney agents; F, C. Sleigh 4 George Street. Svdnev The Messageries Marltimes motor-ship Polynesien sails from Sydney about every six weeks to Noumea. Vila and Santo (New Hebrides) and outports, with occasional trips to the Wallis and Futuna Islands. Details from Messageries Marltimes branch office, In Sydney. Noumea and Vila.

New Zealand—Cook •s.—-Niue—Samoa THE motor vessel “Maui Pomare’’ owned and opt rated oy the NZ Government, maintains a direct service between Auckland and Rarotonga (Cook islands), with alternative calls at Niue and Apia (Samoa).

ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Sydney-Papua- New Guinea BURNS, PHILP LINE motor-vessels “Bulolo” and “Malaita” maintain regular services between Sydney and ports in Papua-New Guinea.

“Bulolo” leaves Sydney, northbound, approximately every six weeks; “Malaita” every seven weeks.

“Bulolo” calls at Brisbane, Port Moresby, Samaral, Lae, Dregarhafen, Rabaul, Samaral, Port Moresby. Brisbane, thence back to Sydney.

The “Malalta’s” schedule varies considerably.

She calls at Port Moresby only occasionally, but usually calls at Samaral, Lae, Madang, Manus. Rabaul, Samaral, thence direct to Sydney—ports of call being in that order. Sometimes the order of calls is Samaral, Rabaul, Manus, Madang. Lae. Samaral. Intending passengers should check with Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., Sydney, or Island branches.

Sydney-Norfolk Island- New Hebrides THE SS “Morinda,” Burns, Philp & Cc Ltd., runs at approximately three monthly intervals from Sydney t Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, arr main ports of the New Hebrides, and r« turn.

Air Services

Summary of Pacific Air Services PAPUA AND NEW GUlNEA.—Regular Qant service from Sydney.

SOLOMON ISLANDS.—Frequent regular flyin boat service from Sydney bv Trans Ocear Airways. Qantas service also from Lae, N to Honiara, BSI.

NEW HEBRIDES. —Frequent regular flying-bo service from Sydney by Trans Oceanic A: ways. Service from Noumea by French pla runs twice weekly. Qantas plane from Sydn to NH on alternate Tuesdays.

NORFOLK ISLAND. —Regular service from 1 by NZ National Airways; from Sydney Qantas; from Fiji by NZ National Airway LORD HOWE ISLAND. —Regular weekly serv: from Sydney by Qantas and Trans Oceai Airways.

FlJl.—Regular services from Australia by P American. BCPA and CPA (to Nadi); Auc land by NZ National Airways (to Nadi); fr» Australia by Qantas (to Laucala Bay, Suvs from Auckland by NZ National Airways Laucala Bay, Suva). Irregular calls fr< Australia to Laucala Bay, Suva, by Trs Oceanic Airways. Regular service from St to Labasa by NZ National Airways.

Western Samoa, Cook Islands A]

TONGA. —Regular service from Fiji by National Airways.

TAHlTl.—Monthly service from Noumea TRAPAS plane via FIJI, W. Samoa. Cook DUTCH NEW GUlNEA.—Regular weekly serv from Darwin to Biak by KLM under char to NEI Government.

AUSTRALIA-NEW ZEALAND—ReguIar servii Sydney-Auckland and sydney-Wellington Tasman Empire Airways.

AUSTRALIA-NORTH AMERICA—Regular Trai Pacific services by Pan American Airwa BCPA and CPA.

Europe - Indo-China -N. Caledonia —Fc

nightly service by Air France.

NZ National Airways South Pacific Services THE Pacific services run by the New Zeals National Airways Corporation are follows: —

Auckland-Norfolk Ist. A Nd-Fiji-Tono

Western Samoa-Cook Islands: A Doug

DC3 airliner leaves Whenuapai, Auckland, alternate Tuesdays at 9 a.m. (June 11. etc.), for Norfolk Island arr. If p.m.; dep. 2 p.m.). Nadi (arr. 8 40 p.m., dep. S a.m. Thursday). Nausori (arr. 6.25 a.m., dep. " a.m.), Tonga (arr. 10.50 a.m., dep. 11.50 a.n •Faleolo, Western Samoa (arr. 4.5 p.m. Wedn day, dep. 8 a.m. Thursday). Aitutakl. C: Islands (arr. 1.50 p.m. Thursday, dep. ! p.m.), Rarotonga, Cook Is. (arr. 4.5 p.m.).

The aircraft departs from Rarotonga the return journey on alternate SaturdE (June 16. 30, etc.), at 8 a.m. for Aitut (arr. 9.15 a.m., dep. 10 a.m.). Fale; W. Samoa (arr. 3.15 p.m., dep. 8 a.m. Sunds ♦Tonga (arr. 10.55 am. Monday, dep. 1 a.m.), Nausori (arr. 2.40 p.m., dep. 3.40 p.nr Nadi (arr. 4.25 p.m., dep. 5 a.m. Tuesda Norfolk Is. (arr. 10.55 am., dep. 12 noo Whenuapai, Auckland (arr. 4.50 p.m.). •Crosses International Date Line.

AUCKLAND-NORFOLK ISLAND: A Douglas 1 airliner leaves Whenuapai. Auckland, every S= day at 8 a.m. for Norfolk Island (arr. 1 a.m.), and departs on the return flight at IIJ p.m.. arriving at Whenuapai at 5.45 p.m.

On alternate Sundays (June 10. 24, et a second service is also operated, leav Whenuapai at 9 a.m., arriving Norfolk at 11 p.m.. departing again at 1.55 p.m., and arrit Auckland at 6.45 p.m.

JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

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Sydney-Seattle 265 10 0 477 18 0 Sydney-’Prisco 265 10 0 477 18 0 Sydney-Honolulu .... 217 15 0 391 19 0 Sydney-Fiji 57 15 0 103 19 0 Auckland-Seattle .... 246 5 0 443 5 0 Auckland-Honolulu ... 199 0 0 358 4 0 Auckland-Flji 39 0 0 69 15 0 Auckland-’Frisco .. .. 240 5 0 443 5 0

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•Manufacturers Agents

PARES, single (in NZ currency): Auckland to Norfolk, £l4; to Fiji, £3l; to Tonga, £35/15/-; to W Samoa, £39/10/-; to Aitutaki, £43/10/-; to Rarotonga, £45. Norfolk to Fiji, £l9; Fiji to Tonga. £B/15/-; to W. Samoa, £l3; to Aitutaki, £29; to Rarotonga, £3l. W. Samoa to Rarotonga, £l9; to Aitutaki, £l6/10/-. Return fares less 10 per cent.

BOOKING OFFICES: Wellington Air Centre, Govt. Life Bldg.. Customhouse Quay; Auckland, Air centre. Achilles House, Commerce St.; Dunedin, Air Centre, 8-10 Manse St.; Christchurch, Air Centre, 164 Gloucester St.; Gisborne, Air Centre, 74 Peel St.; Palmerston North. Air Centre, 107 Broadway Ave.; Hamilton Air Centre, 8 Alma St.; New Plymouth, Air Centre, Grand Central Building, Egmont St.; Blenheim, Air Centre, 13 Queen St.; Hokitika, Southside Airport; Norfolk Is., Burns Philp, Ltd.; Fiji, NAC, Suva; Burns Philp, Lautoka; Tonga, Lautoka; Tonga, Mrs. F.

F. Melhose, Fou-amotu Airfield; W. Samoa, Burns Philp (SS), Ltd., Apia; Cook Is., Mrs. P.

McVeagh, Aitutaki, and Mr., J. D. Campbell, Rarotonga.

Sydney-Vancouver BCPA Service BRITISH Commonwealth Pacific Airlines, Ltd., operate a twice weekly trans-Paciflc service from Sydney to Vancouver, via Fiji, Canton Island, Honolulu and San Francisco; and a weekly service between Auckland and Vancouver, via the same ports.

Planes leave Sydney every Wednesday and Saturday, and Vancouver on the Southbound trip every Monday and Thursday. Every fourth trip from Sydney terminates at San Francisco instead of Vancouver.

Planes leave Auckland every Tuesday and arrive in Vancouver the following Wednesday.

The Southbound trip to Auckland commences from Vancouver every alternate Friday. Every other Friday the service commences at San Francisco.

B.C.P.A. services make regular connections at both San Francisco and Vancouver for onward carriage, via either New York or Montreal to the United Kingdom or Europe. The through fare from Sydney to London is £325 (Aust.).

The fares for the Pacific flight are: Sydney- Nandi (Fiji), £AS7/15/- single, £AIO3/19/- return. Sydney-San Francisco, Seattle, Portland, Los Angeles or Vancouver, £A265/8/- single, £ A477/15/- return. Auckland-Nandi (Fiji), £ NZ3I single, £NZSS/16/- return. Auckland- San Francisco, Seattle, Portland, Los Angeles or Vancouver, £NZI97/3/- single, £NZ3S4/18/- return.

Douglas DC6 aircraft carrying 48 passengers (seated) or 37 passengers (in sleepers) and a crew of nine are used on the service.

Pan-American— Trans-Pacific Service PAN-AMERICAN World Airways clippers now provide the following services in the South Pacific, using Strato Clippers, equipped with Sleeperettes and berths. (Passengers may book either accommodation.) Planes leave Sydney Thursday and Sunday for San Francisco, Nadi (Fiji), Canton Island and Honolulu.

The return flights are made from San Francisco every Sunday, Wednesday, via Honolulu. Canton Island and Nadi, and from Seattle once weekly, via Portland, Honolulu, Canton Island and Nadi.

DC4 Clippers once weekly run a shuttle service between Auckland and Nadi, Fiji, and return to connect with the Strato Clippers. (Time-tables and fares subject to alteration without notice.) To convert to Fiji currency, reduce above by 12 y 2 per cent.

Free baggage allowance is 30 kilos per person.

Excess baggange charged at 1 per cent, of single (are; per kilo up to 10 kilos; V a per cent, for every kilo over 10 kilos.

CPA Sydney-Vancouver Service CANADIAN Pacific Airlines, Ltd., run a transpacific service between Sydney and Vancouver. For the present there will be one northbound and one southbound trip per fortnight. Stops are made at Nadi (Fiji), Canton Island. Honolulu and San Francisco. The northbound flight commences from Sydney every alternate Wednesday.

Accommodaton is provided at hotels in Nadi and Honolulu, which is, of course, complimentary.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

Only five minutes’ drive across the Sydney Harbour Bridge from the City, “Bellhaven” is quietly situated—your rest assured in this new, comfortably furnished and well serviced hotel. n tT ilHi^ PRIVATE HOTEL, Priory Road, North Sydney.

Olympic Pool. Zoo, all City of entertainment Handy to transport for beaches, sights, and Australia’s leading and night life—Sydney.

Modern Room or Suite Accommodation.

TARIFF FROM 16/6 PER DAY.

Manager: A. L. GUARD.

Write or Cable “Bellhaven.” North Sydney.

Phone: X A 1746.

Kopsen Marine Equipment

Everything for Boats or Boatbuilding i COPPER NAILS of all types and sizes. Copper Clouts. Cut Copper Tacks. Brass Bolts and Nuts. Copper and Brass Rod.

Copper Sheathing Metal and Copper Sheet.

DEKOL. The modern preservative against dry rot, mildew, decay, Borers, White Ants and Marine Teredo. For wood or canvas. Green or colourless. Applied as paint. Prolongs life of articles treated by three t : mes. 16/- and 24/- per gallon. *OOD WIRE ROPE. Galv. for yachts, ships, mines or timber logging. All sizes and grades. Also shackles, thimbles, turnbuckles, wire rope grips, and every class of lifting equipment.

PROPELLER SHAFTING for motor boats. All sizes from i in. to 4 in. dia. in brass, bronze or monel metal.

Bearings in bronze, rubber or novasteen. Propellers all sizes.

Orders accepted through your buying agent. Price lists on request at any time. Send a list of lines for quotation.

W. KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD. 376-382 Kent St., Sydney. Cables: “Kopsen,” Sydney.

Fares are (in Australian currency: Sydney- Vancouver, San Franclsco-Los Angeles and Portland-Seattle, £265/8/- single. £477/15/- return; Fiji-Vancouver. £207/8/- single, £373/7/- return; Sydney-Piji, £57/15/- single. £lO3/19/- return; Sydney-Honolulu, £217/13/- single, £391/16/- return.

Bookings may be made at the Union Steam Ship Company of New Zealand. Limited, Sydney, or Melbourne; Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ. Ltd..

Plji, Canadian Pacific Airlines, Vancouver; Canadian Pacific Railway Co., Sydney or Melbourne.

HnAAnci/iN/l jyUllCy’ yUCGIISIQ 110 ' .. ~ • N«W 01111160 fVE.A. Ltd. operate regular services between N*' Sydney and Port Moresby. Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Bulolo and Wau via Brisbane, Rockhampton. Townsville and Cairns, This Service is known as the "Bird of Paradise” Service and DC4 Skymaster and DC3 Aircraft are used. The Skymaster aircraft leave Sydney every Tueday and Saturday at 8 p.m. and. making a night flight calling at Brisbane only, arrive at Port Moresby the following morning at 7.05 a.m.

The Skymaster arriving on the Wednesday connects with a DC3 from .Port Moresby to Bulolo and Wau via Lae the same day, while the Skymaster arriving at Port Moresby on Sunday connects with two DC3s from Port Moresby, one flying direct to Rabaul on the same day and the other flying to Lae, also on the same day.

A DCS aircraft leaves Madang on Tuesdays at 3.45 p.m., nightstops at Lae and departs Lae at 6.40 a.m. on Wednesday to connect with the Skymaster leaving Port Moresby at 9.30 a.m for Sydney via Brisbane, arriving Sydney at 9 p.m.

Two DCS aircraft leave Lae at 6 a.m. and G. 40 a.m. respectively on Sunday to connect with the Skymaster leaving Port Moresby at 9.30 a.m. for Sydney, via Brisbane, arriving Sydney at 9 p.m. the same day.

DC3s leave Sydney at 8.15 a.m. on Monday, Thu. ..day, Friday, calling at Brisbane, Rockhampton and nightstopping at Townsville.

The following morning they depart Townsville at 5.20 a.m., calling at Cairns and arriving at Port Moresby at 10.30 a.m. and Lae at 12.20 p.m. The aircraft which arrives at Lae on Tuesdays extends to Madang the same afternoon.

Return flights leave Lae at 5.45 a.m. on Mondays and Thursdays, departing Port Moresby at 7.35 a.m. and proceeding to Sydney the same day, via Cairns. Townsville and Brisbane (with an optional call at Rockhampton), arriving Sydney at 10.15 p.m.

The service leaving Lae on Thursdays, also connects with a DC3 leaving Wau the previous afternoon at 3.30 p.m.

Every Monday a DC3 leaves Rabaul at 7 a.m. for Port Moresby, departing Port Moresby at 10.20 a.m. for Cairns and Townsville. The following morning it departs Townsville at 8.15 a.m. calling at Rockhampton and Brisbane and arriving Sydney at 5 p.m. (Rockhampton call optional.)

Qantas Subsidiary Services In

Papua-New Guinea-Solomons

Qantas Empire Airways run the following subsidiary services In Papua, New Guinea, and British Solomons: — A DC3 leaves Lae every Wednesday at 8 a.m., calls at Finschhafen, Rabaul. Kavieng and arrives at Manus at 3 p.m. It returns every Saturday, leaving Manus at 8 a.m., calls at Kavieng, Rabaul and Finschhafen (optional) and arrives at Lae at 2.45 p.m.

Every Mon. and Thur. a plane flies from Lae to Madang, and after arrival at Madang operates where and when required. This service is primarily for the carriage of native labourers and Europeans travelling on this service are always advised of the fact.

Every alternate Wednesday a Qantas Catalina flies from Port Moresby, westward to Daru. via Yule Island, Kerema, Wana (optional) Kikori, Lake Kutubu, returing to Port Moresby, via Kikori. Kerema and Yule Island the same day.

Every alternate Monday, a Qantas Catalina flies from Port Moresby eastward (dep. 9 a.m.) and calls at Abau and Samaral before flying out to the Archipelagoes in the afternoon. Calls are made at Esa'ala and Losuia (where an overnight stop is made), and the following day (alternate Tuesday) at Deboyne Lagoon, before returning to Port Moresby, via Samarai and Abau.

Every alternate Monday, a Qantas Catalina leaves Port Moresby for Rabaul, via Abau, Samarai, Esa’ala and Losuia (New Britain); next morning (Tuesday) it flies to Queen Carola Harbour, Buka. Kieta, Buin (Bougainville) and returns to Rabaul with an optional stop at Inus, next morning (Wednesday) it flies to ( Talasea, Moewe Harbour and Jacquinot Bay, and returns to Rabaul (with an optional stop i at Lindenhafen) and next morning (Thursday) it returns from Rabaul, via Losuia, Esa’ala,, Samarai, and Abau, to Port Moresby.

Every alternate Monday a Qantas Douglas flies; from Lae to Rabaul via Finschhafen and continues; on to Honiara (British Solomon Islands), via.

Torokina, Vellalavella and Yandina remains over- ■ night at Honiara; and returns to Lae the fol lowing day Tuesday), over the same route.

Every Wednesday and Saturday a plane leaves; Port Moresby at 7.30 a.m.. reaches Kokoda at 8.20 C a.m,. flies on to Higatura (Popendetta) at 8.55 c a.m.. and leaves again for Port Moresby at) 9.5 a.m.. reaching there at 10.15 a.m.

Dragon DHB4 aircraft operate the following* internal services in New Guinea;— Every Tuesday depart Madang at 7 a.m. fon Goroka. Kainantu, Aiyura. Arona, returning to 96 JUNE. 1351 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Captain W. L. Kennedy

(.Established 1931)

Shipbrokers, Business & Real Estate

63 Pitt St., Sydney 'Phone: BW 6461. Cables: "CAPKEN," Sydney.

LISTING: DIESEL CARGO.- 138 It. x 26 ft., two hatches, engines aft. in survey and in Australian waters, deadweight 470 tons. £28,000 Sterling TWIN nivrsrr ctkti pad/’a oca < aeaaweigm 470 tons. £28,000 Sterling.

TWIN DIESEL STEEL CARGO.—2SO tons, engines aft, diesel winches, light draught A 1 Lloyd’s. £21,000 Sterling. Delivery Hong Kong. araugni, cias.

Sn EE cni , H ESEL CARGO. 600 tons. 155 ft. x 27 ft. 6 in.. Ruston Hornsby diesels aft 500 h.p., speed approx. 9»/ 2 , electric winches £40,000 Sterling.

CLASS R.D. CRUISER.—6 berths, well appointed. £1,450. 36 FT. CLASS AUXILIARY YAWL. —Fully powered. 2 suits £2 700 f “" ““ “"»• 50 hP ' late ■— <"««•• •>«»«« iRRAND B Ii G ™SnSv Vr! hp ’ diesel - electric start - 3 berths, toilet. £2,300.

NEW AUXILIARY KETCH.— 6I it. xl4 ft. 6 in., 30 h.p. crude oil diesel, sails, etc. slrro !i T ®. ,WLER 51 lt; - xlsft . Atlas diesel, suitable conversion to cargo £6 300 SEVERAL other strong working jobs from £4 500 rr?u of e a h |f V H«nsn°« rt SeleC f£i n ° f Pleasure Craft. Auxiliaries and Cruisers, and Commercial Crait of all descriptions. Delivery arranged to any port in the Pacific.

WE ARE ALSO AGENTS FOR MOST MAKES OF MARINE DIESELS.

INQUIRIES INVITED.

Through <mr BnsineM and Real Estate Branch. we can otter a wide variety of Sydney and N.S.W. properties. All Island inquiries promptly and satisfactorily attended to.

AfON£L shafts g/ve /-o-n-g-e-t* sew/ee Monel* shafts are renowned for their rugged strength, stiffness and freedom from whip. These characteristics are very important since a good, stiff shaft reduces vibration, transmits more power to propeller and thereby increases speed and efficiency, of still greater importance is the fact that Monel retains these properties indefinitely, because Monel cannot rust and is not corroded by fresh or salt water. That is why a Monel shaft, stronger than others when new, is still in perfect condition after years of continuous service.

Further information on Monel propeller shafting will gladly be forwarded by:

Wright & Company, 81 Clarence St., Sydney

Sole Australian Distributors of Monel iS < a j re 6 istered trade-mark covering a rich nickel auoy, mined in Canada and rolled in Great Britain.

Madang at noon the same day. Calls as required lor loading are made between Arona and Madang.

Every Thursday departs Madang at 7 a.m. for Wabag, Baiyer River, Mt. Hagen, with optional calls at Kerowagi and Chimbu, and returning to Madang at noon the same day.

Every Friday departs Lae at 6.30 a.m. calling at any or all of the following places as required. Nadzab, Kiaipit, Arona, Aiyura, Kainantu, Bena Bena, Goroka, Chimbu, Kerowagi, Kup, Nondugl, Banz, Minj, Mt. Hagen, Ogelbeng, Baiyer River, Wabamunda, Wabag.

Daily, except Wednesdays and Sundays, depart Lae at 3 p.m. for Bulolo and Wau, returning direct from Wau to Lae the same day. arriving at Lae 5.5 p.m.

Every Tuesday departs Lae at 7 a.m. for Garaina and returns same day at 9 a.m.

Trans-Tasman Service Sydney—Auckland TASMAN Empire Airways, Ltd., operate a flying-boat service between Rose Bay.

Sydney, and Mechanics Bay, Auckland, with a fleet of four new Solent flying-boats each with a capacity for 45 passengers, In seven selfcontained cabins on two decks. Full fresh-cooked meals are served en route. Average crossing time is 6V2 hours. Depart Sydney 11 59 p.m. on Mondays and Fridays, and at 8 a.m. on Thursdays and Fridays. They depart from Auckland at 9 a.m. on Tuesdays. Wednesdays.

Fhursdays and Saturdays, and arrive Sydney at 2.15 p.m.

Fares: £A39/8/-. £NZ3I/10/-, single; £ A7O/19/-, £ NZS6/14/- return.

Passenger reservations may be made in Australia at any office or agency of Qantas Empire Airways (General Agents), offices of TAA and all leading travel agents. In New Zealand book through TEAL (Auckland and Wellington) or any eading travel agents.

Trons Tasman Services Sydney—Wellington TPASMAN Empire Airways, Ltd., operate a A regular flying-boat service between Sydney md Wellington with Solent flying-boats.

Services depart Sydney at 10.30 p.m. on Tueslay. Wednesday. Thursday. Sunday; and depart Wellington at 11 a.m. on Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.

The fares are £A39/8/-, £NZ3I/10/- single; £ A7O/19/-, £NZS6/14/- return.

Melbourne-Christchurch TEAL’S Melbourne-Christchurch air service commences June 28-29. The schedule;— Dep. Melbourne—ll p.m. (Aust. time) Thursday.

Arr. Christchurch—B.ls a.m. (NZ time) Friday Dep. Christchurch 11 a.m. (NZ time) Friday Arr. Melbourne—7.2o p.m. (Aust. time) Friday.

For an initial period of six months, while the service is of an exploratory nature, it will be operated by a DC4 aircraft of Qantas Empire Airways, Ltd., under charter to TEAL. Pares; Single, Melbourne - Christchurch, £A44/2/- ( £ NZ33/5/-I; return, Melbourne-Christchurch, £ A79/8/- ( £ NZ63/9/-).

France-1 ndo-China- Aust.-N. Caledonia THE French national airways, Air France, runs a 28 days service between Paris and New Caledonia, and return. Stops are made at Damascus, Karachi, Calcutta, Saigon, Batavia, Darwin, Brisbane.

DC4 Skymasters are used In the service between Saigon and New Caledonia, Lockheed 97 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— -JUNE , 1951

Ships And Smallcraft

FOR SALE As one of the oldest, largest and most active shipbroking firms in Australasia, we are in a position to offer a wide range of vessels suitable for economic Island operation. Some of these craft are solely in our hands for sale.

At this time of publication, and subject to prior sale, we have the following vessels to offer:— • MOTOR SHIP, built 1947, twinscrew, 360 tons. • DIESEL TUGS, 45 ft. to 95 ft. • AUXILIARY SCHOONER, diesel powered, 150 tons capacity. • Number of 50/60/80/100/150 tons capacity MOTOR VESSELS, some with auxiliary sails. ★ E TRAILER FIRE ENGINES & These units are widely used throughout Australia for rural fire protection by Fire Brigades, Municipal Authorities, Harbour Boards, etc. They are ideal for the protection of Island townships, store depots, properties, and as supplied to Department of External Territories and Australasian Petroleum Co. Pty., Ltd., etc. Available in 225 GPM and 500 GPM capacities. Several units available ex Sydney stocks. ★ A. J. ELLERKER 63 PITT STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

'Phones: BU 1574, BU 5055.

Cable Address: "Hipex, Sydney. 98 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Single Return.

Sydney-Noumea .... £37 10 0 £67 10 0 Sydney-Suva 55 10 0 99 18 0 Noumea-Suva 20 5 0 36 9 0

Sails. Covers, Awnimcs

TENTS, TARPAULINS, and all classes of CANVAS GOODS for industrial & home use FLAGS AND PENNANTS FOR CLUBS AND ASSOCIATIONS.

Send your inquiries through your agent to: HARRY WEST Pty. Ltd.

"Sydney'S Sailmaker"

DUKE ST. (WATERFRONT), EAST BALMAIN, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Telephone: WB 1105. WB 2284.

Telephone 136. Telegrams: “AKUN,” RABAUL.

Alois Amin T Company

Rabaul. Territory Of Papua-New Guinea

Also at 180 NATHAN ROAD, KOWLOON, HONG KONG.

Planters and General Merchants

We Carry Stocks Of;—

(1) Embroidered Silkware. Carved Camphor-wood Boxes. Eastern Fancy Goods. (2) The Best of Beers, in different Brands “San Miguel,” “Red Horse” and “Three Horse.” (3) Cotton Piece Goods suitable for trade and issues. (4) Trade goods of all descriptions: Wholesale and Retail.

Prompt attention to all orders Sydney Representatives. NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY., LTD.. Electra House, 12 Spring Street, Sydney, N.S.W.

Constellations between Salgon-Parls, and Messagerles Maritimes are agents in Australia.

Fare between Brisbane and Tontouta (Noumea) are £3O/12/6 single, £55/2/6 return. Sydney- Tontouta, £37/10/- single, £67/10/- return.

Sydney-Norfolk Is.

Qantas run a DC4 Skymaster alt. Thursdays • returning same day) from Sydney to Norfolk Island. Fare, £25 single; £45 return. (For Norfolk Islanu, ste also under NZ National Airways.) Sydney-New Hebrides QANTAS operate a service to the New Hebrides with Sandringham flying-boats calling at Noumea, Port Vila and Esoiritu Santo. Frequent non-scheduled flights are made, subject to the approval of the Governments concerned.

TEAL Flying-Boot Service NZ-Chothom Islands TASMAN Empire Airways, Ltd., operate a Solent Flying-boat service from Auckland-Wellington to the Chatham Islands and return, at monthly intervals.

Flying-boats leave Auckland at 4.15 a.m., arrive Wellington 6 a.m., depart for Waikato Bay, Chatham Islands, at 7 a.m. and arrive at 10.30 a.m.

The flying-boat leaves the Islands the same afternoon at 2.30, arrives Wellington at 6.30 p.m. and Auckland at 9 p.m.

Fares are, from Auckland, £l6/10/- single; £33 return; and from Wellington, £ll single; and £22 return.

Darwin—Netherlands New Guinea Service THE service between Batavia, NEI, and Biak, Netherlands New Guinea, has been discontinued and a new service from Darwin to Biak and return has been inaugurated.

The service is run by the Netherlands Government, with DC3 aircraft, chartered from KLM Airlines. The service is run once weekly.

Popua-NG Local Services MANDATED Airlines, Ltd., of Lae, New Guinea, and other private operators, run air services between Lae and the New Guinea mainland :entres of Wau, Bulolo, Madang, Wewak, Altape, Mt. Hagen, Plnschhafen. Moresby. Kokoda—in fact anywhere in Papua or New Guinea where there Is an alr-strlp. These planes carry passengers. mails and cargo on regular schedules >)r charter flights.

TOA Services TRANS Oceanic Airways run the following Pacific services:— SYDNEY-LORD HOWE IS.: A regular weekly service with large four-engine flyingmats from Rose Bay. Pare: £lO/16/- single; £2l/12/- return. Free baggage allowance 44 lb'.

Excess baggage and freight rate Bd. per lb SYDNEY-PORT MORESBY: Four-engined Jolent flying-boats leave Sydney each Sunday lt 7.15 p.m., make a call at Brisbane and each Port Moresby early the following momng. They leave Port Moresby on the return light each Monday at 8.30 a.m. The service onnects with Mandated Airlines services in *apua-New Guinea.

SYDNEY-HOBART: The company now runs a hnce-weekly service direct to Hobart. Tasmania, rom Sydney. It will be possible, therefore or passengers to book from Moresby to Hobart nakmg an overnight stop in Sydney. Fares are ; El 2 single, £24 return.

TEAL Flying Boat Service Auckland Fiji i\7 ITH 45 seater Solent flying-boats, Tasman Empire Airways, Limited, operat° weekly Auckland-Suva-Lambasa and return ;rvice.

Aircraft depart Mechanics’ Bay. Auckland, a alf hour after midnight, each Tuesday and Jerate to the following time-table:— dep. Auckland .. .. 0.30 a.m. Tuesday arr. Suva 7.00 a.m. Tuesday dep. Suva 9.00 a.m. Tuesday arr. Lambasa .. .. 10.00 am. Tuesday dep. Lambasa .. . . noon Tuesday arr. Suva 1,00 p.m. Tuesday dep. Suva 7.00 a.m Wednesday arr. Auckland .. .. 1.30 p.m. Wednesday Fares (Single): Auckland-Suva. £3l (NZ). £349/- iPijian). £3B/15/- (Aust.); (Return)' £55/16/- (NZ), £6l/19/- (Fijian), £69/15/- Aust.) Suva-Lambasa (Single): £4/10/- (NZ), £5 (Fijian), £5/12/6 (Aust.); (Return): £B/2/- (NZ), £9 (Fijian), £lO/2/6 (Aust.).

Reservations may be made through TEAL (New Zealand), Qantas or TAA (Australia), NZNAC (Suva) or any leading travel agents.

Sydney-Noumea-Suva THE following is the time-table of the Qantas Sandringham flying-boat:— Sydney dep. 9.30 p.m. Mondays.

Noumea arr. 6.30 a.m. Tuesdays.

Noumea dep 8.30 a.m. Tuesdays.

Suva arr. 3 p.m. Tuesdays.

Suva dep. 6 a.m. Thursdays.

Noumea .. arr. 10.30 a.m. Thursdays.

Noumea .. .. dep. 12.30 p.m. Thursdays.

Sydney arr. 7.45 p.m. Thursdays.

Intending passengers may book through Qantas offices in Australia. Burns Philp (South Sea) Company, in Suva; and J. Brock, in Noumea.

The fares for this service in Aust. currency

Australian Rice Crop

PROSPECTS IT is expected that this season’s rice crop in Australia will be larger than last year’s. At the same time, however, the Australian home market is expected to consume 25,000 tons as against 10,000 tons last year when rice was obtainable only by those who required it for medical reasons.

All rice surplus to Australian requirements will go to Papua-New Guinea and other Pacific islands whose native populations Australia has undertaken to keep fully supplied—at a cost of about £BO per ton. 99 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNB 1951

THE ability of WUNDERLICH Craftsmen to produce Architectural Metalwork of outstanding excellence is traditional, for with the founding of the WUNDERLICH INDUSTRY, over sixty years ago, was established a high standard of workmanship and artistry that has remained unsurpassed in the Metal-working field over the intervening years.

Address enquiries to W underlich Limited, Box 474, G.P.0., Sydney. ( 77 'funxhHluJL Architectural metalwork l\ IN BP.ONZ€ - ALUMINIUM • STAINL€SS ST€€L • CTC The Garrick Hotel ■ "TfF sip i!

B mill * » » &* SUVA tox lte-5 FIJI This well-known Hotel is centrally situated in Suva's main business quarter : : Modern accommodation provides comfort in all climatic conditions : : Only the best of Beers, Spirits and Wines is served.

Telephone: 80. VINCE COSTELLO. Proprietor.

Sudden Death

Of Notanle

Dunwooie Of Samoa

One of the most notable and highly- -rmvuin cprvnnts of two op^p™f^ns P hi the South Pacific Mr E.

P^tmast^ r and B’superinten<^n 8 ’superinten<^nt W (ff S Radio in Western Samoa from the time of the New Zealand occupation in 1914 until his retirement in 1936. He married a part- Samoan woman; and he and his wife were leading and beloved figures in Polynesia “Dun,” as lie was generally known, joined the New Zealand Posfc and Tele . graph service in 1905; and about 1910, when he was recognised as one of the best and speediest telegraph operators m duce^to^afiio Hemisphere ’ was When 1914 came, he was one of the first New Zealanders to enlist for overseas service, and he sailed on the first troopship a few days after the outbreak of war, as radio specialist. They thought they were going to France; but they found themselves at Noumea and, a few days later, off the German Colony of Western Samoa. They had been given the task of capturing the large German radio station there, and occupying the German colony. They were ready to fight, but there was no shooting.

Mr. Dunwoodie, with two others, proceeded unofficially ahead of the troops to the station at Tafaigata. On the way, they located the popular “half-way house” near Tuaefu and were royally treated.

Carrying on to Tafaigata, they were hospitably received by the German wireless staff—a bottle of Scotch figuring in the proceedings. By the time the troops arrived, later in the day, the station had been “seized.”

With the rank of Regimental Sergeant- Major, Mr. Dunwoodie was appointed second-in-command of the station, and his outstanding ability was soon recognised. For most valuable service rendered during the first year of the Military Occupation, he was decorated with the French Medaille Militaire. His several requests for service in Europe were refused and in October, 1916, he became Commanding Officer. Under Civil Administration in 1920 he was made Officer-incharge of the station.

With the amalgamation of the Postal and Radio Departments in 1930 he was made Chief Postmaster as well as Superintendent of Radio positions he held until his retirement on superannuation in December, 1936.

Mr. Dunwoodie was a model civil servant, one who earned the respect of all citizens. He held fine ideals, and possessed tact of a high order, and his motto was service before self; he was a public servant first and an official second.

Mr. Dunwoodie was the only Postmaster who attended to mails irrespective of the time of their arrival or departure, and he thus earned the gratitude of all citizens, and the business community in particular.

Mr and Mrs. Dunwoodie took an active interest in all things pertaining to Samoa and its welfare. It is recalled that on his ; initiative and action, he trained numerous; part-Samoans in the art of wireless; telegraphy, and' erected stations in the { Tokelau Group, in addition to several out- ■ stations in Upolu. He obviated the need! to recruit civil servants in New Zealand tor maintain the postal and radio services,, and placed those outlying places m constant contact with Apia. With the= exception of one other European, all hiss services in and outside Apia were staffedt with native lads.

Mr. Dunwoodie had a remarkable senses of humour, and a keen memory. It is as pity he did not write a book from tries The late Mr. Dunwoodie, with Mrs. Dunwoodie and their grand-daughter, Terry. 100 JUNE. 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY!

TROCHUS AND

Green Snail

Bought outright for Cash, or on Consignment at highest ruling market prices.

Stanley P. Bell & Company

Importers, Exporters and Brokers for the Sale, Purchase or Charter of Ships. 173 Eagle St., BRISBANE, QLD.

Cables; “PACENT” Brisbane.

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Many hundreds, including overseas personages, will remember the generous hospitality so freely given at Tafaigata.

The farev/ell function tendered in their honour in December, 1936, was the most successful and representative gathering held in Apia for many years, and was an indication of the high esteem in which the Dunwoodies were held.

The Assembly Hall, Melbourne, was crowded on the night of May 29, when a technicolour film showing the work of the Presbyterian Mission in the New Hebrides was screened.

New Traffic Bridge In Tahiti

PAPEETE, April 19.

ON April 14, Governor Petitbon, accompanied bv the Secretary-General, the Chef de Cabinet, the Mayor of Papeete. Deputy Fouvanaa a Oopa M Jean Millaud (President of the Assembly), and many other officials and civilians, officially 3pened the new traffic bridge it Punaruu.

Much praise for the construction went to Rene Passard, Teraitua Poroi, and 3enri Nimau who, under Monsieur Vidal, Chief of 3 ublic Works, did a remarkibly good job.

The construction began on September 20, 1950. The bridge s 36 metres long, 6 metres vide, and each of the sidewalks is i metre wide.

The Consuls of Britain, Belgium. Norway and China .ttended the ceremony.

The photograph is by the nformation Bureau.

Club For New Guinea

Ex-Servicemen

MEMBERSHIP of the New Guinea j^x-Servicemen’s Club, which was formed in Sydney, last year, is for those persons who are, or have been, members of the Australian Forces, in the following units or establishments: New Guinea Volunteer Rifles, Australian-New Guinea Administrative Unit, Moss Troops, Coast Watchers, New Guinea Infantry Battalion, Papuan Infantry Battalion, Residents and ex-residents of the Territory of New Guinea and Papua who have served in any theatre of war.

Any further information mav be obtained from the secretary of the Club Mr. A. G. Pagett, 8 Slade Road, Bardwell Park, Sydney. The present officer-bearers are: Patrons—Dr. E. T. Brennan, Messrs.

J. C. Mullaly, N. P. H. Neale, W. A Money. President, E. J. Cook; vice-presidents, L. Clark, J. Costello; social secretary, Mr. Rhodes: committee, Messrs.

Blyton, Mears and Hanson.

The membership at the end of May was over 100. Badges will soon be available. The next meeting will be held at the Gallipoli Legion Club, 12 Loftus St., Sydney, at 8 p.m., on July 9, when visitors will be welcome.

A dance was held in Legion house on May 30. While the attendance was not all that had been expected, those who attended had a most enjoyable time.

Arrangements are already well in hand for the annual ball, to be held this year on October 24. 101 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Notes From Lae

Prom Our Own Correspondent LAE. June 1.

CRITICISM of the European Hospital, Lae, has had results. But it is doubtful whether the expenditure of public moneys in patching up the existing buildings is warranted. Repairs to the bathrooms, fly-wiring of the kitchen and other minor repairs have been aporoved and the expenditure in this respect is over £2,000. It is learned that the Sanitary section, at present located immediately to the rear of the hospital, is to be removed.

Since the recent outcry, it has been announced that a sum of over £BOO.OOO has been set apart for the new hospital, Lae, and that tenders will soon be called.

RICE AT £88!

An acute shortage of white flour has reduced the bread supply to brown bread, md no further supplies are expected until the arrival of the next Malaita, which is ndefinite.

A further increase in the price of rice tongs the rate per ton to £BB, and an ncrease all round in tinned meats is forecast.

As these are essential goods, and not uxuries, the lot of the employer of native abour is made even more difficult with he increases.

W And H Are Paying Up

A general move by the Department of Vorks & Housing to make uo its leeway i payment of accounts, has been most oticeable during the past month, and the osition is more satisfactory. By paying ccounts from head office, Port Moresby, ny delays which may have been at touted to the Treasury have been eliminted.

Goings And Comings

Matron May, OBE, of the European espitai, Lae, has returned from her so- >urn South, and has resumed duty, [atron Kiernan, who acted as relief has to her station at Madang.

Superintendent E. Steeples, and Mrs. teeples left for Port Moresby on the ulolo. He will take up duty there as uperintendent of Police for the Port oresby district, and his place at Lae is cing filled by Inspector Dix.

Superintendent Steeples and Mrs. ;eeples were farewelled at a buffet diner at the Hotel Cecil, Lae, by a very presentative gathering, and presentams—a gold wristlet watch to “Ernie,” id an evening bag to Mrs. Steeples— ere made on behalf of the gathering by strict Officer P. Mollison.

Opportunity was also taken, at a parade native Police, to present their No 1 in with a Parker Pen.

Mr. Jim Peterson, manager of Bums ulp (NG) Ltd., Lae, resumed duty this lek after a spell South; and Mr. J. G. tker, who acted in his stead during his sence, is expecting to move on in the ar future. Both are Life members of J RSS&AILA, Lae Sub-Branch, and ve done much to place the sub-branch the sound position it enjoys.

Shipping Congestion

n °r over a week the tanker Cyreena has !n at anchor near Besama, waiting for »erth at the new wharf, where the Vilia a Erica have been loading. The lastntioned has sailed but the Viria rems and the date of departure is most efimte. n view of the fact that the Cyreena Id unload in about 36 hours, it seems jostly business to have such a vessel ndmg by for over a week. If this conies, small ships will be found occupythe wharf, whilst cargo ships, carryurgently-required essential goods will e no alternative other than to stand in patience—and at what a cost!

Many Casualties In Tribal Clash

Meagre details to hand indicate that a tribal clash between rival native factions in the Mumeng district on the morning of May 28, resulted in 5 deaths, and over 60 natives were admitted to hospital with injuries received, some m a serious condition. The Department of Native Labour is investigating the cause and a full report will be submitted to the appropriate authorities.

Storm Damage At Lae

, , rail ? s * iave . l^ €n experienced Still Of 94 hm,rf i? r^ n l? ht and ’ m J? ne SISho 13 inches were recorded.

SU f mostly ’ anc * culverts and narlin 1 nvi areaw ere swept away Kr C in ry at the south ‘ east end of the airstrip.

A week ago, a severe electrical storm rendered useless the whole of the telephonic system from the Namanula end of Markham Road to well down Milfordhaven Road, and the lines are still out.

Much inconvenience has been occasioned Qantas Empire Airways Limited which was riie principal sufferer.

All our extensive preparations for the celebration of Empire Day (May 24) were washed out by heavy rain, f Arr

Still Waiting At Po

Some time ago Lae residents were promised a private Box service at the Post Office—a service which has been operating for some time in Port Moresby. The Postal Department has already provided the front P lates for the boxes, and although the necessary requisition for the construction of the woodwork was passed on to the Department of Works and Housing some months ago it still remains a matter of “time,” as the Department has now f° un d that some difficulty exists in fitting the fronts. A renewed effort is now in progress and public hopes for an early completion of the work have also been renewed. 103 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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Telegraphic Address: “GABRIEL ACHUN,” RABAUL.

Mr. and Mrs. J. O’Brien, accompanied bv their children, Maureen and Michael, have returned to Lae, NG, from furlough In Australia. Mr. O’Brien is Mines Manager for Golden Ridges, Wau.

Weary, Dreary People Put Some GO Into Your Life Too many men, women and girls suffer aching backs, headaches, and feel dreadfully tired tired, always tired. The cause? Very often, anaemia or bloodlessness.

You see the symptoms in dull eyes, pallid cheeks and lips, breathlessness, vague aches, exhaustion after the slightest exertion. Young children, especially girls, suffer frequently.

If you haven’t blood normal in red corpuscles, you are not receiving sufficient energy-giving oxygen which Is dispersed by the blood throughout your body every second of the day and night. Your nerves, organs and tissues are not properly nourished and you remain weary and dreary.

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The Month In Fiji

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, May 31.

THE aerial survey of Fiji is now being made. An Airspeed Oxford aircraft owned by the English firm of Hunting Aerosurveys, and piloted by Captain R. M. Rusk, a former squadron leader of Coastal Command, is now at work.

This survey is part of the colony s Development Plan; and it will enable accurate maps to be made of any part of the larger islands, assist in planning roads, water supplies, power schemes, and help in geological and soil surveys. The work of preparing the maps will be done in London by the staff of Colonial Surveys.

The expedition is a self-contained unit with its own processing equipment, and comprises Mr. H. Lewis (a Bomber Command navigator during the war) as navigating officer and photographic manager; Mi-. H. C. Adkins, as engineer officer; and Mr. D. Fergusson, as photographer.

The survey should be completed by the end of the year.

Population Of Fiji

It is estimated that the population of Fiji, at the end of 1950, was 293,764, an increase of 8,809 in a year.

The largest single racial group is the 1 Indian, being 138,425. Fijians, who now are estimated to number 129,896, formed | the next largest group, showing an increase of 3,246 on the year.

Europeans were estimated to total 6,501, an increase of 375 over the year. Other j members from Pacific groups residing in i the Colony were estimated to be 18,942. ;

Colony To Largely Control Its J

Own Finances

The control of the public finances of \ Fiji exercised by the Secretary of State I for the Colonies was relaxed on January | 1, 1951, and most of his responsibilities in i this respect now devolve upon the Legislative Council of Fiji.

The Secretary of State, having relin- quished his detailed control of the colony’s J expenditure and examination of accounts, I will henceforth confine his interests to 1 the broad issues of fiscal policy. His interest in these will be preserved by consultation and discussion between the Fiji Government and the Colonial Office.

The annual estimates will continue to be submitted in draft to the Legislative Council for detailed consideration in support of the annual Appropriation Ordinance, but they will no longer require the Secretary of State’s approval.

All supplementary provision will be authorised by the Legislative Council. In urgent cases, however, the Governor may authorise expenditure not exceeding £5,000 in any one case, the covering approval of the Legislative Council being obtained as soon as possible thereafter.

New posts in the Civil Service will be created by the Governor, with the approval of the Legislative Council, without reference to London. Any general review of salaries and conditions will continue to require London’s concurrence, however.

London retains authority over the 1 raising of new loans, including local loans,, but formal sanction for expenditure from, loan funds will no longer be needed.

Local Price Of Copra

The Management Committee of the Copra Board on May 4 decided to reduce; the local buying price of Copra by £1 a t ton, in order to meet the increased costs of handling copra.

As from May 7, the local buying price of copra at Suva and Levuka became £54/10/6 a ton for Plantation Grade, and £54/5/0 for F.M.S.

No Export Of Motor Vehicles

The export of motor vehicles of all, classes, except with the written authority of the Comptroller of Customs, has been prohibited. 104 JUNE, 1051-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONIUL.

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Also procurable from Bunting’s, Lae.

This has come as a shock to those eople who were planning to take their ars to New Zealand with them, on the rst stage of their journey home to Engind. After touring New Zealand, the sual procedure has been to sell the car t top prices in that country.

However, this step has been taken beause the rearmament programme in the r nited Kingdom will divert scarce labour nd materials from the production of Dods for civilian consumption to the prouction of weapons of war. In conscience, the supply of new motor vehicles ill be severely curtailed. It is thus lanned to safeguard the colony’s stock I motor vehicles.

Although permission will be necessary > export any vehicle, the Comptroller : Customs will grant licences freely in ;spect of vehicles which were manuictured before the year 1947, owned by isidents who are leaving the colony to ike up permanent residence elsewhere, id who have had the car for more than x months; or vehicles, owned by Fiji isidents, who require the car for a tour /erseas, provided the owner promises le return of the vehicle to the colony ithin a certain period.

Notable May Anniversaries

Two anniversaries of local interest icurred the first week in May.

In 1789, which was 162 years ago, on mday, May 6, Captain William Bligh ught his first sight of the main island Fiji, Viti Levu, as he was making his ay to the Dutch East Indies in the aunty’s launch, after being cast adrift r the mutineers.

On May 2, 1867, Ratu Cakobau was owned King of the first Kingdom of au, in the church on the island. A conmporary report says that the crown as made of zinc by a carpenter of ;vuka, at a cost of 4i dollars and was esplendent with such gems as the stores Levuka could supply.” A later report scribes the crown as having been made of wood, covered with gold paper, and decorated with gems taken from cheap brooches. However, all reports agree that Cakobaus strong natural dignity and deportment overcame the tawdriness of his re'galia. A salute of 21 guns was fired, and the Bauan flag—a rising sun on a blue ground with a crown in the top corner—was hoisted.

The first immigrant ship from India was the “Leonidas,” which reached Levuka, after a passage of 72 days, on May 14. 1879. with 481 immigrants.

On May 24, 1891, the then young town of Suva suffered a great fire, which destroyed the principal shopping and business block of buildings, together with valuable stocks.

To put an end to internal troubles of Pong standing in Rotuma, the chiefs, about May 23, 1879, wrote to the Governor of Fiji. Sir William des Voeux, offering to cede their island to Great Britain. Their offer was accepted, and Rotuma was formally annexed on May 13, 1881.

On May 21, 1924, the Special Service Squadron of the British Navy entered Suva Harbour in the course of an Empire cruise. The squadron included the warships “Hood,” “Repulse,” “Delhi,” 105 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

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About People

Mr H. M. McMillan left for New Zealand this month. He is senior Lecturer at the Nasinu Teachers’ Training College.

Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Hewlett, and small son, have returned from holiday leave in Australia and New Zealand. As there is no home as yet at Nadi Airport for Mr.

Hewlett. Mrs. Hewlett is living in Suva while Mr. Hewlett carries out his work as Public Relations Officer at Nadi.

Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Stevenson, and daughter, returned to Suva last week from overseas leave. Their daughter has recovered from her recent illness.

A large gathering of the staff of the Mechanical Engineers’ Branch of the Public Works Department recently farewelled Mr. J. E. Bish, who was proceeding on leave prior to retirement. A presentation was made to Mr. Bish by Mr. B. L.

Cronin, on behalf of the staff. Among those present was Mr. H. J. Sabben, 0.8. E., a former Mechanical Engineer who had arrived in the Colony on a brief visit from Australia. Mr. Bish entered Government service in 1928. Before that, he was an engineer in Union SS Co. vessels. He was on the “Wairuna” when it was captured by the German railer “Wolf” in the Kermadec Group in World War I. He spent nine months on the “Wolf” before being taken to Germany, Mr. and Mrs. Bish and daughter have gone on a visit to Britain.

Air Vice-Marshal D. V. Carnegie, C. 8., Chief of the Air Staff, Royal New Zealand Air Force, has been inspecting RNZAF installations in Fiji and Samoa. He was involved in a forced landing at Batiki, in the Koro Sea, of the RNZAF Catalina flying-boat, during a storm late one afternoon, on its return from Apia. The night was spent in the Catalina, which returned to Suva early next morning.

Mr. Harold Rabling, Chairman and Managing Director of the Vacuum Oil Co. Pty. Ltd., accompanied by Mrs.

Rabling, was in the Colony, from Sydney, on a week’s visit. He gained first-hand knowledge of conditions and problems affecting this area of his Company’s marketing territory.

The engagements are announced of Shirley, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

A. W. Evans, of Lautoka, to Mr. Alistair Flett, of Taree, New South Wales; and of Margaret Elizabeth, second daughter of Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Emberson, of Suva, to Mr. Kenneth Ross Bain, of Auckland.

Mr. P. N. Dalton, Crown Counsel, Gold Coast, has been transferred to Fiji as Solicitor General, and arrived in June.

The former Attorney General, Mr. B. A.

Doyle, has left the Colony on leave. Mr.

W. G. Bryce, Crown Counsel, will act as Attorney General pending the arrival of Mr. Dalton.

Superintendent B. F. Hooper, of the Fiji Police, accompanied by Mrs. Hooper, returned to Suva in May from a vacation in the United Kingdom. 106 JUNE. 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Inquiries Are Invited

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Sir Henry Milne Scott, K.C., who is on a visit to the United Kingdom, expects to return to the colony in July.

Mrs. S. J. Cocks, widow of the late Captain Robert Cocks, a former Harbour Master of Suva and Levuka, died suddenly on April 29, at Sydney. She was the eldest daughter of the late Mr. David Wilkinson, who was interpreter at the signing of the Deed of Cession at Nasova, Levuka, in 1874, and a prominent figure in public affairs, both before and after the cession.

COINCIDENCE HERE is a coincidence. When the late “Dickie” Humphries, of Papua, late in the war period, met a distinguished American officer, and the latter learned of Humphries’ achievements in penetrating new country in the early Murray days, the American insisted on nominating the Papuan official as a member of the famous Explorers’ Club, of New York.

Mr. Humphries was elected; but, before the notification reached him, his proposer was killed in an air crash in the Philippines.

Years later, Humphries nominated his fellow-official and old friend, Ivan Champion, for the same Club. (Champion has done some notable work as an explorer.) Champion was elected, at about the end of last year. But before the formal notification reache'd him, his proposer, W. H. Humphries, was killed in the eruption of Mount Lamington— R.

Pitcairners Watched for Plane That Did Not Come |l/ps. MYRTLE L. WARD of the Seventh Bay Adventist Mission on Pitcairn Island, writing to the ABC Weekly, in early June, describes the disappointment Pitcairners felt when Captain ® G. Taylor and his crew on Frigate Bird I did not pass over the island as cheduled. It appears that a change of vind altered the survey party’s plans and hat the plane passed at night about 70 niles north of Pitcairn. Mrs Ward vrites: — RADIO Australia is a great link with home, and we are thrilled to listen to the news and other programmes.

Partly because we are Australians anc} >artly because it came so close to us on fltcairn Island, of unusual interest was he news of Captain Taylor’s flight in the frigate Bird 11.

It was thrilling to know he was flying ver the vast expanses of the Pacific in ur own neighbourhood, but when, on larch 30, we heard that he would “inpect Pitcairn Island from the air on his eturn flight,” our interest was greatly icreased.

Our radio told how he would “carry a pecial parachute with which to drop some lail which would be the first air mail ver to be received on Pitcairn Island”!

Iverybody wanted to see that parachute nd find the mail that would be dropped!

Vhen we heard that the captain had left buth America it seemed time ,to be matching for him. Then came some delay t Easter Island.

We watched Wednesday, some of the eople selecting clear, grassy places up on ae ridge from which to look out over the astern sea. Nothing happened Wednesay, so we watched again Thursday. At .45 Friday came the word, “Captain 'aylor took off from Easter Island this lorning and is due in Mangaroa toight.”

Now, there was a big conundrum. Had aptain Taylor left Thursday morning and passed up by, or had he left before daylight Friday and would he be passing over during the day?

Then at 7.00 a.m. here, which is 1.30 on Saturday morning in Melbourne, came the same statement: Captain Taylor had left “this morning” from Easter Island. So we were rather tangled. Some were for watching still, and others said he had already passed. In the end, most of us kept one eye on the sky while going about our various duties. A few again took their woodwork up on the ridge, erected a tentfly for shelter from the sun, and, while a huge Union Jack floated from a pole at the end of the ridge, continued to look for the huge “Bird.” But it never came.

It was a great disappointment to all the people.

Our weather all the week had been so beautiful that we thought he might be tempted to land when he did come. So we prepared a small souvenir to celebrate and commemorate the occasion. If Captain Taylor had landed we’d give him the tiny souvenir. Seeing that he didn’t come, we are planning to send it to him just the same.

It will commemorate the event that never occurred! 107 ’ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951 Solution to Crossquiz from Page 58

The SIMPSON TEST KITCHEN tells how to make SPBCED APPI F RHI I ■ Sift together 2 cups SIMPSON’S SELF-RAISING FLOUR, rLt HULL.! -j/ 4 teaspoon salt, Vs teaspoon ground mace. Cut in y 4 cup shortening. Beat 1 egg. add V 2 cup milk. Add to flour mixture; stir quickly. Turn on floured board; knead gently until smooth. Roll into an oblong y 4 -inch thick, brush with 1 tablespoon melted butter. Mix together 2 cups peeled, finely chopped apples, 2 tablespoons white sugar. y 4 cup raisins, chopped. 1 teaspoon cinnamon, V 4 teaspoon ground cloves; roll up like jelly roll. Place in greased baking dish, shaped into a circle. Mix together 3 4 cup golden syrup, V 4 teaspoon nutmeg, 2 tablespoons butter, 1 cup hot water.

Pour over roll; bake in moderate oven (350 deg. Fahr.) 45 minutes. Serves 6. a The SIMPSON TEST KITCHEN, with Miss R. P. Borrowdale as Superintendent, exists ™to encourage excellence in Home Baking. It pre-tests all Simpson products and its service in an advisory capacity is FREE.

SIMPSON’S Raising FLOUR w BRAN Review: In Defence of the Plough Fiji Writer Contributes to Agriculture’s Hottest Argument TO anyone who has grown as much as a radish or a window-box of geraniums, other men’s theories about agriculture are very interesting indeed.

The great thing appears to be, however —if you want to produce anything—to regard the theories merely as interesting and to go ahead leaving most of it to nature and the plant. If you ponder on the theories long enough it will produce a state of complete mental dizziness and a profound wonder as to how man has managed to grow enough to feed himself in the ages that have passed since he went into the agricultural business- |N my case, this present fit of agricul- -1 onbvNOTmanCarewts book HoSlhmm”W.sdoT whfch publrSed in London last year and sets out to vindicate the use of the plough which was spurned and trampled on by the American, Edward Faulkner, in his book Ploughman’s Folly.

In a very minor way I have been a disciple of Faulkner—leave the subsoil alone, green manure crops, death-to-the-ploughlet’s-buy-a-rotary hoe, a nice mulch on top of the soil to stop water evaporation— but it seems that all this could be wrong.

Mr. Carew, who has had over 20 years farming experience with the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., in Fiji, sets out to prove his points by very ingenious means and if you are the type who is impressed by what you read, as I am, you will probably agree that it makes sense.

By and large, Mr. Carew’s theory seems to be a version of that branch of agricultural science of which we heard something pre-war—hydroponics, I think it was called —wherein vegetables were grown in tanks of water into which was dissolved all the minerals and chemicals necessary for their growth. Only Mr. Carew uses the earth instead of a water tank—“all the good in the soil which the plants need, must, first of all, be dissolved in water before the plant roots can take it up.’’ This deep-soil water, as he calls it, is the natural water that lies at varying depths under all our agricultural land —it contains, he says, all the nutrients any plant needs and, to Mr. Carew’s mind, agriculture consists fundamentally of drawing this fluid to that part of the soil which holds the plant roots. Therefore, he advocates deep aeration of the soil—the ploughing of the sub-soil if you like that better—to expedite the upward movement of this deep water and bring it to the roots of the plants.

The old theory of stopping the capillary action of water in soil by top-soil cultivation to break up the small tubes or capillaries, is dismissed by Mr. Carew as nonsense. It is, he says, beneficial to promote the evaporation into the atmosphere of the deep-soil water as it leaves behind on the surface the plentiful supply of minerals and salts that the plants require. When the rains come—and rainwater itself contains no plant food except nitrogen—these minerals are washed down through the soil to the roots and, presumably, to the store of deep water where they originated.

The rise of water by capillary action alone, Mr. Carew discounts. From experiments he carried out he proved that, although there is some rise of water by this means, it is not the full story and he accounts for the continual rise of this deep water to the surface by the “cohesion theory” (which is believed to account for the rise of sap in a tree) plus the fact that carbon dioxide dissolved in the deep water acts as the motive power which carries the water to the surface soil.

To sum up, Mr. Carew believes that the best way to get results in agriculture is to work deep into or aerate the subsoil in order to allow this deep-soil water and its plant food to reach the roots of the plants.

A FEW other things propounded by Mr.

Carew which will astound the Faulknerites: — • There is no such thing as soil exhaustion —its physical condition may have been so badly treated as to retard the rise of deep-soil water but the supply of plant food in the deep-soil water remains inexhaustible. • The only type of fallow which can be beneficial to future crops is bare fallow.

After the remains of a crop have been cleared up, turned in or burned, the area should be deeply subsoiled (aerated), and nothing should be permitted to grow thereon; weed or bean crop both are just robbers of the future crop. • Green manure crops are a waste of time for the above reasons and because any ’nitrogen they can give to the soil could be given anyway by mechanical means—i.e., ploughing up the subsoil. 108 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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KAVIENG AS I said in the beginning, a man and his theories are always interesting.

A man I know—well known to PIM readers also —has a theory about the health-giving properties of rain-water as opposed to town water.

Town water, he says, rots your teeth and gives you stomach ulcers and has all its goodness destroyed in the process of standing in reservoirs and being piped therefrom to one’s kitchen sink.

But rain water! Ah!—There we have the elixir of life. He goes so far as to advocate bringing a jar of it back from a week-end jaunt in the country for consumption in his city flat.

All this being so, I was most interested in Mr. Carew’s theories on the same matter. I quote: “In this part of the world (Fiji) on plantations, we rely almost entirely on rain-water from the catchment provided by bungalow roofs run off into tanks. I am convinced that this is the cause of many of our ailments.

“I was horrified to find that when our baby daughter had established a magnificent set of milk-white first teeth they began at once to break up. Her second teeth were better but so too, was the source of the water she drank at boarding-school.

Her young brother produced not teeth but a sort of jelly bean. My own teeth are like Rocks of Gibraltar. I knew their mother’s were less robust, but I did not know why. But I know now; for she too was reared on rain-water.

“Rain water is a pleasant drink: it sparkles with the atmospheric gases, sxygen, nitrogen and carbon-dioxide but it contains no mineral salts except a trace 3f common salt. River water and well water and all that we call natural waters abound in health and life-giving mineral salts.”

MR. CAREW has produced a very interesting book; possibly it will not convinced the confirmed Faulkner devotee, but it has contributed considerably to agricultural observation. Mr. Carew’s practical experiments have proved, without doubt, that by following the direct opposite course to that advocated by Faulkner he gets good results. Which prophet will prove right in the long run we leave history to record.

In the meantime, the unscientific amateur may take comfort from the fact that no matter what we may do to this old earth, root it up, flatten it down, sprinkle it with this or withhold that, it still continues to grow grass and trees, the lowly spud and cabbage and occasionally a rose bush.- JUDY TUDOR. (Plowman’s Wisdom, Published by Faber and Faber, London, for 15/- per copy.) 109 *ACI F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE. 1951

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The Problem of the Half-Caste Letter to the Editor 1/fAY we, through your columns, put ▼1 forward some difficult problems regarding the welfare of the halfastes of Papua-New Guinea.

We have noticed that a great deal has een and will be done for the upbringing f the native race; but it seems that othing whatsover has been done for the alf-caste.

We are all under the impression that lere is no desire whatever to help and use our standard of living. This opinion based on,the fact that there is some idifference to the rights of the halfiste as an individual.

Take education, for example. The lajority of our children have great faculties in trying to make progress on le education provided by the mission id Government schools: it is really more •r the natives than the H.C. We underand that New Guinea has schools for te Europeans and Asiatics. Are there ly differences between the Asiatics of ew Guinea and Papua? We would like know. New Guinea comes under the nited Nations and the other is Commonsalth Territory; but both are under te Administration. Therefore, we cannot e why we don’t have a school here only r half-castes. If there are any fees to -y. we are only too willing to pay.

Another problem is living conditions. It pears that the Government has no inition of helping us to solve our probns. We are a sort of unknown race, mggling between freedom and hardips.

The ambition of every self-respecting If-caste is to raise his or her standard living to that of a European, and we know we have every right to do so. it, somehow, for some reason which we n t know ourselves, we are deprived those rights. As we came from Eurom and Asiatic fathers, surely we should ve all the privileges of our fathers, sedom is just a word of seven letters hout a meaning to us.

Jnfortunately, there are unsurmountle barriers confronting us, such as :ial discrimination and high cost of ng with low wages. The latter has ced us to live on a level that can only considered as downright poverty.

Government has never made any •vision for anyone to act as our repretative when dealing with matters conning the progress and social welfare the half-caste people. If this was done, think it would bring the half-caste to ugher standard. The Government has le nothing to help the half-caste idren and their mothers—yet this is a ial problem found all over the world )ur only request is that some Generation be given us in this matter —we a people living under one King, one v and one Freedom.—l am, etc., . ~ . OUTCAST, t Moresby.

DITORIAL NOTE.— This is by no ins the first time that a plea has been te m these pages for some consider a- L for people of mixed race—not •« m T f apua " New G Uinea, but in the inc Islands generally. There are many } pe ?P. e ’ and it is an improper and uel thing that better provision is not le for them, in the way indicated by correspondent. It has been shown n and again that the offspring of a jpean or Asiatic father, and an nds mother, are nearly always ner- °J intelligence and wellneed qualities. If protected in childi, and educated, they are excellent ens; and today, all through the South Seas, half-castes who have been given a chance are filling responsible positions, giving good service, and are accepted on their own merits as the equals of Europeans and Asiatics. Our correspondent’s appeal is timely. We should try to find out how many half-castes there are in Papua-New Guinea.

Loss of £6,332 was incurred by Yonki Creek Gold N.L., New Guinea, for the year ended August 31, 1950. From 210 cubic yards 81 oz. was obtained by boxing and 28 oz. was recovered from 1,475 cubic yards by sluicing. Since the close of accounts 138 oz. had been recovered.

Owing to a failure of the pipe line the whole of the efforts are being concentrated on boxing, to accumulate funds to replace the pipe line.

All Change Here!

IN the Javanese compound of the Nickel Company’s Doniambo smelters, New Caledonia, there was recently a domestic mix-up, ending in a Javanese workman knifing one of his compatriots in the region of the heart. The wounded man was taken to Noumea hospital in a dangerous condition. He had been stabbed by the “husband” of a woman who had deserted him for the man who wielded the knife. The “husband” had taken this drastic course because the “ex-husband” had beaten up the woman, who had left him a few days previously. Jealousy, the green-eye monster, is active in these Javanese communities, where husbands and wives exchange so frequently that it’s difficult to keep track of who’s whose. A Javanese has been known to gamble his wife away over an evening’s game of toupie (their form of roulette) H.E.L.P.

Mrs. E. Maclean, who spent a large part of 1950-51 with her son in Bougainville, New Guinea is back in Sydney again.

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Treaty With Tonga

Old Diary Recalls Events of 50 Years Ago GOEDICKE-VAN ASTEN, who j is a resident of Lotofoa, Haapai, Tonga, and who is over 90 years of age, was badly injured by an axe a few months ago, and seemed on the point of death. Father Tremblay, in charge of the Catholic Mission in that part of the Pacific, gave him the Catholic rites for a dying person.

However, he made a last-minute recovery: and soon afterwards, he was well enough to send to Queen Salote, on the occasion of the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Friendship and Protection between Great Britain and.

Tonga, the following notes from his 50years-old diary:— “1900—April 30: HMS Philomel arrived with Mr. Basil Thompson on board. Mr.

Thompson takes quarters with Dr. Mc- Lennan at Tangaloa.

“Mav 3: I called on Dr. McLennan and met Mr, Thompson. Mr. Thompson told me he is waiting for Premier Sateki and Uiliama Tungi (Minister for Lands) to sign a Treaty of Friendship and Protection. At 8 p.m., Premier Sateki arrived and also Mr. R. Hanslip, who is going tc act as internreter. At 10 o.m. there was no sign of Tungi. A messenger was sent to his home, and a message is brought back, ‘Kataki.’ At 11 p.m. Tungi arrivec in his invalid’s chair, pushed by (indecipherable). At midnight the Treaty was signed.

“June 13: Tungi died.

“1901—February 16: HMS Taurangs arrived, with the Governor of Fiji, to sign the Ratification of the Treaty, signeo on May 13, 1900.

“All the persons who signed, or saw thi signing of the Treaty namely, Basf Thompson, Premier Sateki, Tungi, Dk McLennan, R. Hanslip are dead now except your humble servant, who sendl his love to you. He is still alive, but ii poor health.”

Mr. H. H. Harman, who has been % years in Qantas service the last fiv\ years as General Manager, has retireo He has been succeeded by Mr. H. C Turner, who has been Assistant GM sine: 1946.

Mr. F. W. Smith, who is well-known if Fiji, where he was Government Prime for ’ a number of years, now is filling | similar post at British Honduras.

Rabaul Social Doings These competitors (left) were successful in the Swimming Carnival held in Rabaul in early May in aid of the Mt. Lamington Relief Fund. They are: Miss Norma Sullivan and Mr. Norman Schafer, who won the team relay race.

At right is Mr. L. Michel, who recently left Rabaul for Port Moresby. He was an enthusiastic cricketer and will be missed in Rabaul sporting circles. (See Rabaul Roundabout, page 81, this issue.) 112 JUNE, 1951-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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French Oceania

Governor Deals With Strike From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, May 20.

WHEN the Union freighter Waihemo arrived at Papeete late in April from San Francisco, the watersiders refused to unload the cargo unless they got a rise of 20 per cent. A meeting with the Governor decided that 10 per cent, would be sufficient; but they refused. Next day, Governor Petitbon ordered the Militia to unload the ship.

Soon afterwards, interested onlookers saw a man going up the gangplank wearing the tricolour ribbon around his waist.

It was Pouvanaa a Oopa, the “White Kanaka Deputy,” going on board to talk to the captain of the Waihemo.

But the captain had his own views about the matter. Pouvanaa a Oopa descended the gangplank as quickly as he went up.

The captain seemed very pleased at the way Governor Petitbon took the affair in hand by having the militia and marines unload his vessel, under the vigil of the gendarmes, police and garrison.

The Waihemo left Papeete on April 25 with little delay and the watersiders were minus the pay envelope.

Captain Malcolm Peters, of the Oceanic S.S. Co.’s Sonoma, was surprised, when docking his vessel, to be met by an army of gendarmes, policemen, soldiers and marines, all lined up inside a barricaded area of oil drums. But Governor Petitbon was keeping his promise that our port should not be paralysed. Unloading started, minus the members of the Stevedores’ and Longshoremens’ Union.

Free workers were drafted in. The Sonoma sailed on schedule.

After being on strike for over a month, the stevedores and dockers resumed work on May 26, having gained nothing.

The Governor and Monsieur Zeigler (Chief of Labour in French Oceania) in a meeting on May 26, told the strikers (nearly all Tahitians) that if they did not resume immediately and unconditionally, they certainly would lose the 10 per cent, rise offered them last month. If they resumed, the plan to raise rates to 10 per cent, would be considered.

The Chungking, which arrived to-day, Sydney to Panama, is being worked.

Well-Known Resident Returns

Madame Edouard Ahnne, widow of the late Edouard Ahnne (former President of the Privy Council of Papeete, who rallied to General de Gaulle, in 1940, and who pioneered the establishment of Protestant schools in French Oceania) returned recently to Tahiti, with her daughter Aimee. She was formerly Miss Walker, daughter of a pioneer British resident of Tahiti, and a sister of the well-known shipbuilder, Mr. I. E. Walker Before leaving France, Mdme. and Mdlle.

Ahnne attended the wedding of the younger son, Paul, to the widow of the late Henri Walker, Renee. Henri died three years ago from war injuries. Mrs.

Ahnne is the mother of the late Deputy Georges Ahnne, and of M. Alfred Ahnne now Administrator of the Tuamotus.

Fatal Alcohol

. s <t ven natives of the island of Makemo m the Tuamotu group have been severely I nJ u red or killed by drinking corrosive alcohol, supplied by a trading schooner well-known in Tahiti. The radio says that 2 are dead, 2 blinded, and 3 recovering.

Governor Petitbon has taken the affair in hand and will see that the law is enforced.

Some time ago it was decided that wine cou i c i b e sold to the natives in the Tuamotus, but only on the islands where there is a police official.

For Trading In Opium

A local trader, J. Luciani, won his appeal. He was arrested in January, with a member of the crew of the Sagittaire, on a charge of running opium and sentancen to six months jail, 10,000 francs fine, five years’ banishment, and loss of his civil rights. The appeal judge reduced all that to four months’ jail, only. Luciani had a fine record in the war and is the holder of notable medals.

The steward was escorted to his ship and ordered never to return to Tahiti. He was also sentanced to imprisonment.

Old Residents’ Deaths

M. Edouard Dupont Edouard Dupont, for many years economist at the Colonial Hospital, Papeete, died recently after a long illness.

He was the son of a French pioneer who, many years ago, arrived at Papeete on one of the sailing ships that rounded Cape Horn, from French ports.

Mrs. Mary Ann Thompson, nee Bennett, died on April 27 after a long illness. She was born in Papeete 77 years ago. The Thompson and Bennett families were 113 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTWLY JUNE, 1961

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Mrs. Thompson, known to all as Emeline, was the respected mother of 13 children. One daughter, Christine, married M. Alfred Poroi, now Mayor of Papeete. Henriette is now the wife of M.

Georges Pambrun, sub-Mayor of the City.

Jeanette is now Mrs. Ernie Jackson, of Auckland. Other daughters are Herta (Mrs. Ellacott) Aida (Mrs. Denis Brillant) and Augustine (Mrs. Lavey Brillant).

Mrs. Thompson is survived by her brother Georges, a veteran Anzac, of World War I, and Mrs. Julia Thompson, her sister-in-law, both being the last of the original Bennett and Thompson families.

Mr. Peter Bennett Mr. Peter Bennett, a brother of Mrs.

Mary Ann Thompson, died on March 1.

He was for many years a member of the crew of the ill-fated Union ship Maitai, which went on the reef at Rarotonga. He returned to Tahiti when he became ill, and was an invalid for a long time.

Madame Rost Madame Mathilde Rost, nee Langomazino, died at Papeete on March 31, after a long illness. She came from an old French and British family, named Hunter, established in these islands a hundred years ago! She is survived in Tahiti by two brothers, Paul, (who is the city’s auctioneer) and Maurice. M.

Langomazino was one of the leading solicitors of Papeete.

The Children Of Isaac

THOMPSON Teniaeva Anahoa, known lo all as “Maeva Iti,” died on February 22. He was the first notable writer in the Tahitian language, and a fine orator. He was born of a Tahitian father, and his mother was formerly Miss Lousia Thompson. His grandfather was Isaac Thompson, an early arrival who settled on the island of Maupiti. He came on one of the first voyages of the American whaler, Charles W. Morgan, from New Bedford, USA, nearly a hundred years ago. The only member of his family now surviving is Mrs. Julia Thompson, mother of Mr.

Oscar G. Nordmah, of Papeete.

Isaac Thompson, after leaving Maupiti, with his native wife, settled in the Paea district of Tahiti.

When he landed on Maupiti, after leaving the Charles W. Morgan, he was taken into the home of Taero, the king of Maupiti, and eventually married the king’s daughter, Punaatuai Peetau Taero.

From that union was born: Louisa (mother of Temaeva Anahoa); Caroline (mother of Krause family); Henri; Charles; Johanna (drowned when a child); Mary. Died leaving a son (Deceas).

The Charles W. Morgan is now moored alongside a wharf in Mystic, Conn., USA.

She is used as a museum, and is the oldest American whaler afloat, built in 1841.

General News

Linking the town of Papeete with other residental districts, the Hinoi bridge has been opened to traffic. It carries a brass plaque: “Pont Prince Hinoi, 1951 . . .

Maire: Alfred Poroi. Conseiller Technique: M. Lasserre. Chef des Travaux Municipaux: V. Frogier.”

We have been advised that the ship Golden Hind, Captain Jenkins, is bringing 500 cases of Rarotonga oranges, for sale here. Our own orange season is in full swing; but Cook Island oranges are famous for their sweetness. There is no 114 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Fill in the coupon tor FREE booklet. iuty against oranges, but the quarantine laws are the same as for New Zealand.

A very large eel was caught in the Panaruu River, about eight miles from the :oad. Some reports say it was five meters [l6 feet) long.

Monsieur Auzelle, who has been in rahiti for several months as architect and Planner, has returned to France. After in extended survey of Papeete, he irdered that many of the slum dwellings )e removed. Much will have to be done >efore Papeete becomes a beautiful town.

Suivai Faiena, the new heavy-weight :hampion of Western Samoa, was asked ecently to go to Tahiti to meet our leavy-weight boxer Fredo Salmon. When A. Marcellin Sage, Tahiti boxing promoter, aw Suivai Paiena’s picture in December J IM, he lost no time in issuing the nvitation.

Miss Maadi Gobrait, who served as a mrse in the British Army, has returned 0 Papeete. She has brought a letter from General de Gaulle, asking her to convey lis best wishes to all in French Oceania /ho stood by him during the dark hours if the last war, and especially the famous Bataillon du Pacifique.” He added that hey should be ready to fight off the [angers from inside and outside, which low menace the Union Francaise.

Soon after he took charge here, xovemor Petitbon, accompanied by high fficials (Messrs. Vidal, Ziegler, Gallois and ail) visited the vicinity of Fareauape, to tudy the possibilities of quickly building road to allow tourists to visit the lountainous interior of Tahiti.

The local twice-weekly newspaper, which ecame well known since it started üblishing Tahiti news, two years ago, losed down early in May. Lack of funds, nd especially lack of paper, are the cause.

It was in this “Courrier Des E. F. O.” aat your correspondent was roasted for n article “Cement Scandle in Tahiti”— ut which was approved by most of the olony’s responsible residents.

On April 29, the motor ship Charlotte onald, in command of the well-known aptain Andy Thompson, arrived from the ook Islands, in ballast, to dry-dock, and len pick up a cargo of oil and general erchandhes, transhipping at Papeete, om USA.

Your correspondent first met Skipper ndy Thompson in 1908, when he was a ember of the crew on the scientific issel Galilee, and Andy was making his •st appearance in the South Seas as AB 1 the trader O. M. Kellogg.

Cornelius Crane, multi-millionaire and ;ir to Crane’s Bath-tubs and Toilet •tides, and now owner of a large estate Tahiti, has bought a ship in Los igeles, to be used for the Hawaii-Tahiti n, and will transport travellers between e two Territories. The ship was in San idro in April, awaiting the arrival of a tive crew from Papeete.

The French Government of Tahiti has quired a former small LST, now at mama, and it also is awaiting a 3w from Tahiti.

Iron Lung By Air To Bsi

N iron lung, 9 ft. long and 4 ft. high, L left Sydney on May 12 by Qantas Skymaster for Port Moresby. In iresby next morning it was taken over a Qantas Dakota freighter and flown •ect to Honiara, in the Solomons, where was urgently needed to help a European to had been smitten with Polio. rhe American Society in Australia lintains an “Iron Lung Pool” in Sydney help wherever help is urgently needed; d the machine sent to the Solomons s a new one from that equipment.

Plantations Do Not Pay

Significant Move in New Guinea RABAUL, May 30.

THERE is an interesting sign of the times in the report that a good many occupiers of Expro plantations in and around New Ireland are taking steps to return the plantations to the Custodian.

The places no longer can be worked economically, on account of the difficulties of obtaining managers and labourers, the shortage of coastal shipping, and high prices generally. There are not the fortunes in copra at £5O per ton that so many imagine.

Many of the plantations in New Ireland are going off, and the yields now are low.

There has been no new planting for years.

Various owners have made application to the Custodian for some relief, in cases where yields have fallen away; but that official seems reluctant to admit that planters have any case at all for consideration even where the owners are servicemen (or the widows of servicemen) who fought in two wars.

Picture Theatre Co.

A £50,000 company, Civic Theatres, Ltd., has recently been registered in Port Moresby, P'apua. The purpose of the Company is to build and operate a theatre in Lae, New Guinea. Materials for the construction of the theatre have been ordered in Australia. 115 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 1951

COUGHS, COLDS, 'FLU, TONSILITIS, ASTHMA, HAY FEVER, BRONCHITIS, SINUS,

Antrum And Whooping Cough

are best treated by atomized inhalant aspaXaprene The Answer to the Asthmatic's Prayer' Five little whiffs and, in five little jiffs, “off she pops.” Relief is “touches the spot” unchanged, because it is an atomized inhalant.

Another “Cru the Chemist . . .

Many inquiries are received’ re continuity of supplies of really marvellous Aspaxadrene should the present “Crundall the Chemist” “blow a fuse.” Supplies are assured for an indefinite period: furthermore, a son of the above has just been apprenticed to John Bever, Block Pharmacy, Elizabeth Street, Melbourne. So don’t “point the bone” any more, please. (Incidentally, there has been a “Crundall the Chemist” for 120 years now.) The best, safest, and simplest treatment against coughs, colds, ’flu, asthma, bronchitis, etc., is still — l Obtainable at Most Islands Stores- Ask tor it Today!

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Box 58, Prahran, Victoria, Australia

New Fiji Mission

CHURCH The new building of the Assemblies of God in Fiji—First Church in Robertson Road, Suva, was dedicated on Easter Sunday night.

The building was packed with members and friends of the Mission. The Rev. Maurice Luce, of Pago Pago, Eastern Samoa, officiated. The local pastor, the Rev. Adrian M. Heetebry, was the builder. Thei building is erected in cement blocks and is practically 100 per cent, termite-proof. Mr. and Mrs. Heetebry came to Fiji from USA in 1926. —Photo by Stinson’s Studios.

Sir Walter Carpenter, head of the Carpenter organisation of Pacific trading companies, had a spell recently in St.

Vincents Hospital, Sydney, and underwent a medical overhaul. He now is in very good health, and may return to his residence in Canada before the end of the year.

News Notes from the Goldfields Prom Our Own Correspondent WAU. May 30.

MR. TURNER, the new general manager of Qantas Empire Airways, visited Wau on a tour of inspection recently. He was accompanied by old Territorian, Orme Denny and Mr. Shannon, the Area Manager at Lae.

Wau experienced a very dry month during April. Many of the large vegetable gardens established here were feeling the lack of rain.

An extra three holes at the Wau Golf Club are now well under way. and it is hoped that the New Guinea Open Championship will be played at Wau in November. The Golf Club also plans to hold a Golf gala on New Year’s weekend, 1952, when all Papua and NG Clubs will be invited to participate in open events.

A daughter was born to Mr. and Mrs.

J. Sherlock of Pine Tops, Bulolo, at Wau Hospital on May 1.

The Chief Judge of P-NG, Mr. Justice Phillips, visited Wau in May. Two natives were sentenced to long terms of imprisonment for serious offences.

Mr. Harry Wormald, a local electrician, has completed a major power line extension from the Wau township to the Lutheran Mission School on Koronga Hill, and the whole Mission is now connected to the electricity supply. It is anticipated that, on Mr. Wormald’s return from South, he will commence installation on the Wau Town Street Lighting Scheme.

Mr. J. B. McAdam visited Wau during the month on matters affecting his Forestry Department.

Colonel Maddern, CO of the PNGVR, paid his first visit to Wau, and was shown over the area. He will shortly return to commence recruiting for the unit.

An X-Ray plant has now been installed at the Wau Native Hospital by Technician Lannoy. It fills a much-needed want.

Mr. J. Hohnen, and Mr. W. R. Mc- Connon, managers of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., and Koranga Gold Sluicing Ltd., respectively, are both attending a Mining Conference in Adelaide.

The Wau Kindergarten is now almost completed and as the committee had some £230 at their disposal, an adequate stock of furniture for our pre-school children is now assured.

During May, Wau has lost its very popular school teacher, Miss Jo Keating, who has departed for Perth where she intends to spend her leave. Miss Keating, prior to her departure, was given a series of farewells by her many friends. Mrs. B.

Corlass, wife of the local Native Labour Inspector, will replace Miss Keating.

THE BGD Company closed down its No. 3 and No. 6 dredges recently.

This has necessitated the retrenchment of a number of employees. The company chartered a DC3 on May 28, to take 21 of these people direct from Wau to Sydney.

St. Augustine’s Church, Wau, held a unique Mother’s Day service this year.

Children of the Sunday School were responsible for conducting almost the whole of the service under the tutelage of the Rev. and Mrs. John Given, who were warmly congratulated by the parents who attended.

A son was born at Wau on May 28 to Mr. and Mrs. Alan Watts.

Captain Brett Hilder held a successful exhibition of watercolours in Melbourne in early June. 116 JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Ankles Swollen, Backache Nervous, Kidneys Strained!

If you’re feeling out o-sorts, have Broken Rest, or suffer from Dizziness, Nervousness, Backache, Leg Pains, Rheumatism, Swollen Ankles, Excess Acidity or loss of Energy and feel old before your time, Kidney and Bladder Weakness may be the true cause.

Wrong foods and drinks, worry, colds or overwork may create an excess of acids and place a heavy strain on your kidneys so that they function poorly and need help to properly refresh your blood and maintain health and energy.

Help Kidneys Scientific Way It has been discovered by scientific clinical tests and in actual practice that a quick and modern way to help the kidneys clean out excess poisons and acids is with a scientifically prepared prescription called Cystex.

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Cables: “THORNMOTOR,” Sydney.

Uncle Sam'S Guam Yankees

Pictorial Record of Navy Outpost riIHE things Uncle Sam does for the X Pacific Islands under his control are pictorially set out in a glossy publication recently produced in Hawaii by Jeorge T. Armitage.

The subject is Guam, the “Farthest West” portion of the United States.

The Island is about 6,000 miles west of San Francisco and between the 13th and 14th degrees north latitude. There are 217 square miles of it. There are about 27,000 Guamanians and twice as many US servicemen there or a total of 85,000 altogether. Guam was in Jap occupation from a couple of days after Pearl Harbour to mid-1944—but there are few signs of war on Guam now.

Mr. Armitage’s book gives us some beautiful colour photographs of the charming little outpost both in its natural beauty‘and in the establishment America has built there.

The British observer is struck with one thing, however—the Americanisation of this island. Although some of our American friends have not been backward in castigating us for our imperialistic notions and for the fact that ive have, in the past, owned colonies i mighty few now. unfortunately) we Eiave never planted our culture on native Deoples to the extent that the Americans aave done.

When large numbers of Englishmen vent out to India or Malaya or Kenya or it was the Englishmen who changed -adopting strange customs and snippets )f language and the Indians and Malayans ind Africans or Fijians just kept their )wn culture and wore the same clothes and ate the same food—to a large extent, anyhow.

But when large crowds of Yanks take up their more or less permanent residence among what, for want of a better name we will call subject peoples— within a year or two there are not two peoples any more —they are all Yanks. That is certainly true of Hawaii and, according to the illustrations in Mr, Armitage’s book, it is true of Guam, The little boys wear striped sweaters and sailor caps and the youths, Aloha shirts; the little girls have little white boots and sox and short frocks and their big sisters wear peep-toed shoes and sports dresses copied from Hollywood.

They all eat ice-cream at the corner drug store and go to the movies and attend the same sort of schools as American mainland kids.

Anthropologists in our neck of the woods are fond of talking about culture-clashes, and giving the natives what is best in our culture while retaining what is best in their own. They turn thumbs down on what they call “Europeanisation.”

Maybe we are barking up the wrong tree. The Guam natives, who apparently want to be like Americans and certainly look like Americans (brown skinned type), seem happy enough. 117 •ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNH, 1951

Classified Announcements

Wanted To Purchase

OLD “PIM” COPIES. —To complete my reference files of the ‘Pacific Islands Monthly” from Vol. 1. No. 1 to the present. I require three early copies—December. 1930 and March, 1931 (Vol. 1, Nos. 5 and 8( and September, 1931 (Vol. 2, No. 2). I am prepared to pay a good premium for these particular issues, so if you have them for sale please write to “Bibliophile,” c/o Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, Australia.

Position Wanted

EXPERIENCED PLANTER, aged 34. married, highest integrity, seeks position of responsibility and trust in the Pacific Islands. Experienced in handling European staff and large native labour force, construction of housing, labour lines, copra driers, roads and developmental work. Has excellent knowledge of copra, cocoa and coffee planting, also trucks, boats, trade stores and plantation accounts. Possesses wide administrative experience and is accustomed to full responsibility. First-class references. Replies to: “Available Now,” c/o Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney.

FOR SALE RADIO EQUIPMENT. —We can supply new and reconditioned transmitters and receivers for low powered marine and shore installations at a reasonable price. Crystals supplied to specified frequencies. Inquiries answered promptly.

Write: Liverpool Trading Co., 23 George Street, Liverpool, N.S.W., Australia.

N.I. PROPERTY.—NorfoIk Island Calling! The Island of Charm, Delightful Climate and Frienjdly People. I have for sale a Modern Home, fully furnished with quality furniture, big living room, two bedrooms, dining room, kitchen, bath room, electric light, good shed, and a detached cottage (rented for £1 week).

Flat one acre section on good road handy to shops. Family bereavement is the reason for selling. Price, £3,500. You can’t go wrong with this, so air-mail or cable Peter Goddard, Norfolk Island.

ACCOMMODATION ATTRACTIVE ACCOMMODATION for tourists, with children. “Tanglewood.” Clayfield, Brisbane, Queensland. ’Phone M 5656.

SYDNEY.—Furnished, serviced flats, with private bathroom and kitchenette. morning trays, situated in heart of the city. Double and family flats available —reasonable rates for Pacific Islands residents. Wyobe Court, 52-54 Phillip Street, Sydney. Cable address: “Yarap,”

Sydney. Telephone: BU 1376.

BOOKS BOOK BARGAINS.—Send for list of real bargains from 2/- upwards. State your interests, please. I also find out-of-print English Books.

Mention “PIM.” Nearly 400 customers in the area where “PIM” circulates.—Philip Boulton, Bookseller, Westbury, Wilts, England.

TENDERS

Estate Colin Mackellar, Deceased

Sealed tenders endorsed “Tender Pigibut and Pikung” are invited and will be received by the undersigned until 5 p.m.. July 31, 1951, for the purchase of the following:— PIGIBUT PLANTATION.—Being Lot 81 of Third Group Catalogue of Expropriated Properties having an area of approximately 200 hectares.

PIKUNG PLANTATION.—FreehoId land area approximately 20 hectares.

Situation.—Tabar Island, off the east coast of Kavieng, New Ireland, Territory of Papua and New Guinea.

Soil.—Sandy loam, coral formation on foreshore; chocolate loam back area.

Buildings.—No buildings on properties.

Titles. —The successful tenderer shall accept such title as the Administrator of the Estate now has and without further investigation.

Terms.—The properties will be sold subject to the respective consent of the Administrator of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, and the Custodian of Expropriated Property. On acceptance of tender, 25 per cent, of tender price to be deposited and the balance is to be paid upon the execution by the Trustee of a conveyance of the property or such other document or instrument as the successful tenderer may reasonably require to evidence the sale in the absence of a registerable transfer. The highest or any other tender will not necessarily be accepted.

The properties referred to are subject to a Lease Agreement which expires on February 22, 1952.

BURNS PHILP TRUST COMPANY LIMITED, 7 Bridge Street. Sydney.

Administrator of the Estate of Colin MacKellar (deceased).

Sydney, May 28, 1951.

MACHINERY FOR SALE New Four-Header Planing and Moulding Machines.

Size, Bx 3. fully ball-bearing, complete with totally enclosed gears, operating in oil. Also fully adjustable, ball-bearing counter-shaft. Immediate delivery.

Price: £B5O, Sydney.

Machines fully guaranteed.

Sole Distributing Agent : A. D. WALSH, 10 Centennial Avenue, Lane Cove, Sydney, N.S.W.

Bankers: Commercial Banking Co. of Sydney, Ltd., Kingsford, Sydney.

“Where The Blow”

Still available for your entertainment . . .

This book of over 70 bright stories, articles and sketches, illustrated with cartoons and photographs, describes life in the South Seas as it has developed in the past decade.

It is written about Island people and places by those who know the islands—with the emphasis always on the amusing side of life.

A delightful gift-book for your friends. A source of entertainment to yourself.

At all Leading Booksellers in Australia and Neiv Zealand; from Steele’s Book Store, in Suva; and from the main Islands Stores.

OR DIRECT FROM THE PUBLISHERS: Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd. 7th FLOOR, UNION HOUSE, 247 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY.

Trade Winds Collected by R. W. Robson and (Posted, 8/3 or $1 U.S.) j uc j y T uc jor PRICE 7/6 118 JUNE, 1951 - PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

# cica cc YOUR LOCAL LEICA DEALER

Will Be Pleased £

To Give Full "

Information On

THE NEW s

Leica Hie S

And Vast Range Of A

ACCESSORIES. “ Sole Aust. Agents: PARER PTY., LTD., 36 Forbes Street, East Sydney.

FOR SAFE LARGE STEAM ENGINE Horizontal type with Fly Wheel. Suitable to drive large Sawmill.

WITH Large quantity of Shafting, Pulleys, Bearings, Belting, etc.

Present owner has no use owing to mill being electrified.

Apply: HYNE & SON PTY. LTD., Sawmillers and Timber Merchants, MARYBOROUGH, QUEENSLAND.

Valuable List Of Pacific

BIBLIOGRAPHIES THAT highly skilled librarian, Miss Ida Leeson, has produced for the Social Development Section of the South Pacific Commission an invaluable compilation, called a Bibliography of Pacific Bibliographies.

If there is one thing more than another constantly called for in connection with Pacific affairs, it is a Pacific Bibliography.

Mr. P. S. Allen, in his Handbook of the Pacific, last published 30 years ago, had a very good list of most of the published works on the Pacific; but, since then, many hundreds of new books on the Pacific have been produced, and there is no complete list of them. But there are many scores—maybe hundreds of sectional bibiographies; and the South Pacific Commission, before proceeding to the compilation of a main bibiography, commissioned Miss Leeson formerly Mitchell Librarian in Sydney to make a list of the sectional bibliographies.

This has been done in a most efficient manner; and, even if the main bibiography is delayed, or never produced, Miss Leeson’s new compilation will be of great help to students of Pacific affairs.

A Note On The World’S

MUDDLERS Letter to the Editor CONGRATULATIONS on your editorial in the PIM of December, 1950. If you will refreshen your memory, you will recall that the present chaos in the world is no surprise to the “Voices in the Wildnerness” —here, at Tahiti.

The historian who will write “The Decline and Fall of the West, in the Twentieth Century,” will devote a large volume of his monumental work to what undoubtedly he will call “The Incredible Lustrum (1945-1950)”.

Moreover, we are fervently of the opinion that a composite of the military genius of Alexander, Julius Caesar. Hannibal. Marlborough, Frederick the Great, Napoleon, Wellington, Robert E. Lee, Montgomery. Eisenhower and MacArthur, could not protect the West from disaster —so long as the destiny of the west remains in the hands of the architects of the Incredible Lustrum.

I am. etc..

A. C. ROWLAND.

Tahiti.

Navy Visit To Madang

From -Our Own Correspondent MADANG. June 1.

NEW District Commissioner of Madang, New Guinea, Mr. lan Downs, made a spectacular success of the reception for the Administrator, Col. J. K. Murray, md the Commander and officers of HMAS Shoalhaven when they paid a recent call.

The oval was surrounded with flags of ill nations. A native choir sang the National Anthem on the Administrator’s irrival, and the Native Constabulary were nspected by the official party.

In the evening, a cocktail party was ield at Mr. and Mrs. Downs’ home to give ocal Europeans an opportunity to meet ;he visitors.

Afterwards a dance was held at Madang Social Club.

A RAAF medical officer was flown by lAAF Lincoln to Norfolk Island from Brisbane in early June to replace the sland’s only doctor who was suffering rom burns sustained in a fire which had lestroyed his home.

Mr. Don Reed, proprietor of the firm of William E. Reed, Islands agents and yachtbrokers, left Sydney by air for Papua and New Guinea on a business trip on June 9. From Port Moresby, he will go on to Samarai (Eastern Papua) by Qantas Catalina service and then, on his return, will visit Mambare district and Yule Island. His itinerary in New Guinea includes Lae, Wau, Bulolo, Wewak and Rabaul, from whence he will go down to Torokina (Bougainville) and Honiara (BSI), reaching the latter in mid-July. If possible, he will return to Sydney via New Hebrides.

Employers are offering £l4 a week to competent stenographers in Port Moresby and still cannot get them. Even with the high cost of living, the girls should be able to make ends-meet on this salary— which is tax-free. Moresby bachelors contemplating matrimony when they come South on leave should see to it that their brides-to-be can type a little. 119 ‘ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - JUNE. 1951

FIJI Aug.. 1939.

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Islands Produce

(Unless otherwise stated, quotations are in Australian currency) COCOA ISLANDS cocoa prices are usually based on the ruling rate for Accra cocoa (West Africa), quotation for which early in June was £314/10/- Stg.. c.i.f. (equivalent to £392/12/6 Aust.).

Quotation supplied by Colyer Watson Ltd., Sydney.

Pacific cocoa beans were quoted nominally on the Sydney market in June at: New Guinea: Approximately £360 Aust. per ton. ,ex wharf.

New Hebrides: Nominally £36s—supplies unavailable in Sydney at present, exports mainly going to France.

W. Samoa: Sydney agents reported in June that the Samoan cocoa price had dropped to £295 Samoan (£368/15/- Aust.) per ton for first grade. (Samoan currency equals Sterling.)

Trochus Shell

Nominal Sydney quotations in June were: Thursday Is., £l9O per ton, f.0.b.; New Guinea, £2OO per ton, c.i.f., Sydney; Solomon Is., £225 due to lack of buyers’ offers, the market for Western Pacific shell weakened considerably during the month. Fiji, £F9O (£AIOI/14/-i per long ton on the beach at Suva; New Caledonia, approximately 14,000 francs per ton, Noumea.

COFFEE Nominal quotations are; - New Caledonia: Production exported to France at above normal rates (equivalent to £A4SO per ton for Arabica; £A4OO for Robusta).

New Guinea and Papua: Nominally £375 to £425 per ton (c.i.f.), according to quality.

Vanilla Beans

Papeete merchants recently quoted 325 francs per kilo for French Oceania vanilla beans.

RICE Price of rice shipped from Sydney to Islands ports was fixed in May, 1951, at £6O f.o.b. for White, Unpolished and Brown. (On plantation in Papua-New Guinea, approximately £85.)

Green Snail Shell

Little Green Snail shell has been received by Sydney Agents from Islands during the past few months —nominal quotation is at £ 150 per ton, c.i.f., for f.a.q. shell.

Pearl Shell

By a term contract between the Otto Gerdau Company (USA) and the majority of Torres Strait pearlers, TI shell prices were fixed in 1949 (for three years) at; Sound grades £ A 325 per ton, f.0.b., TI; “D" grade, £A225; “E” grade. £Al2s—all plus bonuses.

Purchase price for the independent pearlers’ 1950-51 output by overseas buyers was set at around £ASBO per ton for Sound grades; £A465, “D” grades: £A34O, “E” grades.

COPRA Papua - New Guinea. Production Control Board s fixed price, delivered to ship’s slings or ANGPCB warehouses, as from March, 1951: At main ports, Hot-air Dried. £54/5/- per ton (at Kokopo, £52/17/6); Smoked, £53/12/6 (at Kokopo, £52/5/-). Official price (as from March, 1951) for Papua-New Guinea copra sold in Sydney to crushers; Hot-air Dried, £74/10/-; Smoked, £73/17/6. Australia has a 9 years’ contract with Britain for the disposal of all Territories’ copra surplus to her own needs, and the above prices are based on the British MOF rate of £53/15/- Stg. per ton.

Fiji.—From January 1, 1951: £59/10/7 Fijian per ton. f.0.b., Suva —producers receive £FS4/10/6 per ton for plantation grade and £FS4/5/- per ton for FMS grade, at Suva or Levuka. Fiji has a 9 years contract with UK Food Ministry.

New Hebrides.—Price at Vila and Santo is approximately £BO Aust. per ton.

Western Samoa.—Producers receive £ 45/11/- Samoan (par with Sterling) per ton, f.0.b., Apia —based on an MOF rate of £53/19/- Stg. per ton, less £5/7/11 Samoan Export Duty and £3/0/1 Copra Stabilisation Fund.

Solomon Is.: Producers receive £ASI per ton, f.0.b., for copra shipped from Honiara or Yandina ports (based on £53/15/- Stg. MOP price).

Fr. Oceania.—Papeete merchants pay 14,900 Pacific francs per 1,000 kilos for Tahiti copra (about £lO6 Aust. per ton).

RUBBER Sydney firms use London and Singapore quotations as a basis to buy Papuan rubber. The world market price again fell during the month Rates early in June were: No. 1 grade, RSS (sellers) Spot 46d. Stg. per lb., c.i.f., London (equivalent to blVsd. Aust, per lb.»; Singapore, RSS No. 1 (sellers) 153 cents per lb., f.o.b.

London Prices

LONDON. April 12, The following are to-day’s quotations: Copra, c.i.f.. Continental ports, per ton; — FM Straits/Mixed DEI .. £125 Stg.

Ceylon £126 Stg.

Philippines $3OO U.S.

Coconut Oil, c.i.f., per 2,240 lb. ton, in drums; FM Straits £l9O Stg.

Ceylon £2OO Stg.

Cocoa, c.i.f., Continental ports, Stg.:— Accra, 324/- per cwt.. in bond.

Trinidad, 375/- per 50 kilos, f.o.b.

Grenada, 365/- per 50 kilos, f.o.b.

Bahia, 289/4 per 50 kilos, f.o.b.

Islands Mining Shares

Price of Gold. —Commonwealth Bank of Australia’s fixed price for gold bought in Australia and Islands Territories is: Fine oz., £AIS/9/10; Standard oz., £AI4/4/-.

Exchange Rates THE following exchange quotations show the rates existing in Sydney in mid-June: — FIJI Through Bank of NSW and Bank of New Zealand:— Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying, £Alll/2/6; selling. £AII3.

Piji-London. on basis of £lOO London: TT or On Demand: Buying, £lll/2/6: selling, £ll3.

Western Samoa

Through Bank of New Zealand: —Australia on Western Samoa, on basis of £lOO Samoa; buying, £ A123/12/6; selling, £AI24/10/9.

Samoa-London, on basis of £lOO London: TT: Buying. £lOO/7/6; selling. £lOl/10/-.

Samoa on New Zealand, on basis of £lOO NZ: —Buying, £100; selling, £lOO/10/-.

Samoa on Fiji, on basis of £lOO Samoa;— Buying, £111: selling, £llO.

Papua-New Guinea

Commonwealth Bank of Australia (branches; Ft. Moresby. Lae, Rabaul, Madang) and Bank of New South Wales (branches: Ft. Moresby, Lae, Rabaul) quote an exchange rate between Australia and Papua-New Guinea of 10/- per £lOO.

French Pacific Colonies

Post-war, the franc, instead of having the same value in all parts of the French Union, was given different values in different Colonial Groups—Group 1 (Metropolitan francs): France and Algeria. Group 2 (African francs).

African Colonies and Madagascar, etc. Group 3 (Pacific francs): New Caledonia, New rides, French Oceania. Exchange values, in francs, are (nominal only): Group 1 (Metrop.) 981 f. 349.20 f. 777 f.

Group 2 (African) 490 175 888 Group 3 (Pacific) 178.37 60 141.76 Published by PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY„ LTD., Union House, 247 George Street. Sydney Printed In Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co. Pty., Ltd.. 29 Alberta Street. Sydney. (Telephone, ma tun.)

The features of this unusual XVlth Century key illustrate its owner s connection with the trader on the African coast, no doubts the key obviously being that of his sea-chest. ~ X a p s The key to smoking plea & e FINE CUT NAVY CUT TOBACCOS or JUNE, 1951 PACIFIC ISLANDS -MONTHLY

Merchants, & Ship Owners

Capital £5OO/000 ESTABLISHED 1914

General Merchants

AND PROYIDORES TRADE THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC.

THIRTY-FIVE YEARS OF PACIFIC ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE.

Buyers And Exporters Of All Kinds

OF ISLAND PRODUCE, COPRA, COCOA, M.O.P. SHELL, TROCAS SHELL, ETC.

T Agents For Australian, European

} AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS.

( Distributors Of Every Description

\ OF MERCHANDISE. branches and agents, we distribute Through our Sydney office, a wide and comprehensive range of general merchandise. ff. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

Head Office: 16 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cable Address: Telephone: Postal Address: “CAMOHE.” BW 4421. G.P.0., BOX 168, Sydney In London: W. R. Carpenter b Co. (London). Ltd., Coronation House, 4 Lloyd's Ave., London, EC ASSOCIATED COMPANIES THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC : IN NEW GUINEA: IN PAPUA: New Guinea Company, Limited, J. R. Clay & Co., Ltd., Rabaul, Lae, Madang, Kavieng. Port Moresby.

IN FIJI: W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji), Ltd., Suva.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JUNE, 19 5 1