PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly Vol. IX. No. 5.

December 15, 1938 ■wOterazA tne.G.P.O., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] 8 a

A Charming Group In Western Samoa

One of the several pretty daughters of Mr. O. F. Nelson (Sina, standing in back row) was married recently; and, among other celebrations and festivities at the Nelson home (near Apia, Samoa) there was a ceremony in which Miss Sina and Miss Calmar Nelson (latter sitting, in front row) were photographed, with their Samoan serving maids. —McFarland, photo.

PARCELS-PACKETS- MERCHANDISE • RABAUL SALAMAUA ■* \ * For Quick Delivery of

Port Moresby

COOK TOWN CAIRNS TOWNSVILLE ROCKHAMPTON BRISBANE ® SYDNEY per W.R.C. Airliners CHEAP RATES-LESS PACKING-QUICK TRANSIT-EARLIER REMITTANCES The Freight Section of the new W.R.C. Sydney-New Guinea Aeroplane Service brings many important advantages to both Business Houses and individual senders—as well as to consignees; and as these benefits become more widely known, increasing use is made of this modern transport system for the quick delivery of goods by Air.

For "Urgent" freight, such as machinery parts, repairs, etc., it achieves a particularly valuable service—but, the reduction of weeks in transit time justifies most goods being forwarded by these Airliners. Among many classes of merchandise which already have appeared on the manifests are the following:— Dresses, Drapery, Shoes, Millinery, Hosiery, Chemicals, Drugs and Medicines, Dental and Optical Goods, Scientific Instruments, Hospital Supplies, Motor Accessories. Machinery Parts and Re- Aircraft Instruments, etc., Stationery & pairs, Radio Accessories, Plants, Seeds, Printed Matter, Cosmetics and Toilet Eggs for Hatching. Strawberries, Cam- Supplies, etc., etc. eras, Jewellery and Watches. Binoculars, EARLY REMITTANCES FOR GOODS SENT C.O.D.

Business firms sending goods C.0.D., or on Demand Drafts, obviate the long delays previously experienced in obtaining payments, and now receive Early Remittances—with the subsequent saving of interest.

Much goodwill also may be achieved by extending to Islands clients this air freighting service, assuring speedy delivery of orders.

RATES In many instances it is more economical to forward by air than by sea. Rate Schedules are obtainable from Booking Agencies.

Booking Procedure Is Simple

Full information is available on request from any of the Company’s agents listed below.

AGENTS AND BOOKING OFFICES: SYDNEY: Macdonald Hamilton & Co., 4 Challis House, Martin Place.

BRISBANE: Macdonald Hamilton & Co., 244 Queen Street.

ROCKHAMPTON: Walter Reid. Quay Street.

TOWNSVILLE: Burns. Philp & Co. Ltd., Flinders Street.

CAIRNS: Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., 31-35 Abbot Street.

COOKTOWN: S. M. Standen.

PORT MORESBY: Burns, Philp & Co.

Ltd.

SALAMAUA: W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

RABAUL: W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

Or Full Details of the Sydney-New Guinea Air-Mail Service may be obtained on application to — W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD Merchants and Shipowners.

AGENTS for Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise : Complete Range of all Stocks Carried.

Head Office: 19-21 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY.

Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain), KAVIENG (New Ireland), MADANG, SALAMAUA, WAU, BUT fNew Guinea), TULAGI (Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands; and in LONDON.

Buyers and Shippers of; Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce.

Pacific Islands Monthly-December 15, 19 38

THE KP.M SOURARAYA .

SOUTH PORT MO RiSEt PACIFIC LINE ii Links the East with the South Pacific Islands, New Zealand & Australia KP.M.

South Pacific Line

Royal Packet Navigation Co.

Ltd., Paketvaart House, 255 George Street, Sydney. (N. V. Konlnkiijke Paketvaart MaatschappiJ—lncorporated in the Netherlands).

The frock routes of the K.P.M.-South Pacific Line new motor vessel "Maetsuycker" and the well-known passenger steamer "Tasman" are each as follows: "MAET- SUYCKER": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Samarai, Salamaua, Rabaul, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon. "TASMAN": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Port Vila, Noumea, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon.

Saigon, Dlethelm & Co.; Port Moresby and Samarai, Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.: Rabaul and Salamaua. W. R.

Carpenter & Co. Ltd.: Port Vila. Gubbay Preres: Noumea, Carlo Leoni: Auckland, Russell & Somers Ltd.; Wellington, Johnston & Co. Ltd.

Pacific Islands Travellers

PASSENGERS PER ••MALAITA” WHICH AR- RIVED IN SYDNEY FROM N.G. & B.&.I.

PORTS ON NOVEMBER 18: Messrs. Adair, Baxter, Bergin, Beverley, Blackburn, Boydell, Clayton, Comber, Considine, Elkington, Evans, Green, Hanicks, Hodgess, Laidlad, Lambert, MacLellan, Mitchelhill, Naughton, Osborne, Patten, Pijacun, Taylor, Thomas, Venning, White, Wills, Wood. Mesdames Bergin. Beverley, Blackburn, Boydell. Clayton, Hitchcock, Hodgess, Knibbs, Laidlaw, Mitchelhill, Palmer, Sanders, Venning, Waker, Fassler. Misses Brewer, Brigitte, Cohen. Deck, Hackett, Ney- PASSENGERS PER AIRMAIL LINER “CARO- NIA” WHICH LEFT RABAUL, N.G., FOR AUS- TRALIA ON NOVEMBER 18: Messrs. Parkinson, Wilson, Oxenbridge, Ward, Pallanza, Flynn. Mesdames Kingsley, Middleton. Misses McGahan (2), Alexander.

Passengers Per “Niagara” Which

ARRIVED IN SYDNEY FROM FIJI ON NO- VEMBER 19: Messrs. Day. Mackie, Pascoe, Vernon, Parkinson, Werge. Mesdames Armit, Messmer, McKay, Brauster, Statham. Misses Fryer, McKay, McKindlay, Ward.

Passengers Per “Bulolo” Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR PAPUA & N.G.

ON NOVEMBER 19: Messrs. Drummond, Lade, Brown, Rogers, Reid, Melville, Barnes, Pancourt, Giblin, Burstal, Reynolds, Matley, Mitchell, Schwartz, Tomlinson, Peterson, Murphy, Pratt, O’Driscoll, Baden Jones, Mossman, Einsiedel, Philpotts, Hamilton, Gough, Palmer, White, Armit, Lannan, Dight, Mild, McLean, Aubrey, Briggs, Dexter, Huenerbein, Holmes, Horne, Clift, Craig, Hancock, Abbott, Josh, Gay, Lovell, Frame, Lament, Hendry, Healy, Duffil, Barnett, Philip, Connor, Williams, Cahill, Berry, Lord, Kershaw, Targett, Giles, Lee, Rudd. Mesdames Carr, Nicholson, Reid, McCaghern, Gore, Maidment, Ditton, Cox, Mitchell, Tomlinson, Baden Jones, Ryder. Philpotts, Ostrom, Bowden, Palmer, White, Passmore, Mosely, Leigh, Briggs, Bellamy, Hallam Vine, Holmes, Bird, Shaw, Horne, Clift, Erskine, Abbott, Frame, Morgan, Poland, Proctor.

Misses Cooper, Boag, Schwabe, Perry (2), Mossman, Mills, Yates (2), Pearce, Smith, Pigott, Manyon, McNally, Meredith, Perry, Telford, Munford, Cardew, Proctor. Sister Zita.

Passengers Per Airmail Liner

“Carinthia” Which Left Sydney (For

PAPUA & N.G. ON NOVEMBER 22; Messrs.

Dixon, Perriman. Mrs. Seawright, Master Kane.

Passengers Per "Nellcre" Which

Arrived In Sydney Prom New Guinea

ON NOVEMBER 23: Messrs. Muller, Ellis, Pickerlng, Dix, Tee, Jenkins, Kofler, Rogers, Beesley, Battis, McGowan, Young, Clark, Nelson.

Mesdames Dix, Jackson, Murfield, Thomas, Battis, Hiscox. Miss Wilks.

Passengers Per “Niagara” Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR FIJI, ON NO- VEMBER 24: Messrs. Allman, Colahan, Fraser, Freeman (2), Hall, Kermode, Lyons, Lowe..

Snodgrass, Trollope, Young, Armstrong, Bessell, Hodgson, McLean, Stephens, Watson, Chandlri, Deo, Kama, Shama. Mesdames Came, Hall, Kermode, Waters, Armstrong, Bellchambers, Bentley, Hodgson. Misses Kermode, Ragg,.

Winters. Sister Faddy.

Passengers Per Airmail Liner

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR 8.5.1. & N.G.

FOR AUSTRALIA ON NOVEMBER 25: Messrs.

Gannon, Ronma, Burns, Warne, Archbold,, Campbell, Lennan, Leslies.

Passengers Per “Malaita” Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR 8.5.1. & N.G PORTS ON NOVEMBER 26: Messrs. Tudberry* Johnson, Dickie, McKenzie, Mason, Bell, Armstrong, Hughes, Sanders, Kane, Bates, Lawrence: Father Le Breton, Father Lepping. Mesdames Tudberry, Driver, Mason, McPherson, Sanders. Misses Nicholson, Kennedy, May, Barker, Valenta, Ellis, Sanders, Cohen, Moore, Lynch; Mother Margaret; Sister Madeline.

Passengers Per Airmail Liner

WHICH LEFT SYDNEY FOR PAPUA & N.G, ON NOVEMBER 29: Messrs. Giblin, Rideout,

Continued On Page 80)

1 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ec*in b e r 15, 1938

BURNS, PHILP & CO.

GENERAL MERCHANTS t.'-’

P i Willi m m mm 111 tin till i null HI ill I LTD.

SHIPOWNERS

Tourist Agents

Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney—Australia Code Address: "Burphil"

Buyers Of All Classes Of Island Produce

Regular Steamer Services from Australia to New Guinea Papua Solomon Is. —Lord Howe Is. —Norfolk Is. —New Hebrides Java and Singapore ADVERTISERS.

“Alnwick Kindergarten .... 65 Amalgamated Wireless of Aust. Ltd 42 Amplion 'A’sia) Ltd 19 Angus & Coote Ltd 71 Arnott’s Biscuits . 36 “Aspro” .... 60 “Ausolene” ... 63 B A.L.M. Ltd. . . 53 Bank of N.S.W. . . 74 Berger & Sons Ltd 50 “Bernly” Guest House .... 72 “Bidomak” ... 17 Blau (Aust.) Robt. 64 Breckwoldt & Co.

W. . . . 48, 62, 69 British Institute of Engineering Technology Ltd. . .21 Broomfields, Ltd. . 78 Brunton’s Flour 41 Budge & Co. Ltd. 52 Bullivants, Ltd. . . 56 Burns, Philp & Co. ii.

B.P. Magazine . . 34 B.P. (S.S.) Co. . . 54 Burns, Philp Trust Co. Ltd. ... 78 Buzacott Ltd. . 49 Carpenter, W. R.

Limited . . cov. 2 Chapman & Sherack 22 Chemist—H. P.

Michael .... 63 Chemists’ Supplies Co 67 Chivers & Sons Ltd 35 “Cinnamolia” Preparations ... 52 Coleman Lamp Co. 20 Continental Compensations Pty.

Ltd 54, 69 Coral Starch . . 38 Cosmopolitan Hotel 80 Crossle, Duff & Macintosh, Ltd. . 68 “Cystex” .... 76 Banks & Son, Ltd 53 Dewar’s Whisky . . 12 Doan’s Pills ... 78 Donald, Ltd, A. B. 46 Eaton, Ltd., J. W. 51 Electrolux Refrigerators .... 24 Eno’s Fruit Salt . 73 Fairbanks - Morse Limited .... 77 “Fairholm” College 16 Fletcher & Sons. 60 “Flit” 56 For Sale .... 77 Ford Sherington, Ltd 31 “44 Macleay St." . 28 Foster’s Lager . . 44 Freeman’s Sports Store 55 Fryer, A. C. ... 79 Garden Vale Products, Ltd. . 38 Garrett & Davidson 68 Gillespie’s Flour . 37 Grand Pacific Hotel 45 Grove & Sons, W.

H 32 Guinea Airways, Ltd cov. 3 Hallstroms Pty Ltd 33 Halvorsen Sons Ltd 79 Harper, M. ... 31 Holbrooks’, Ltd. . 41 Horlick’s Malted Milk 27 Hornadge, W. . . 34 Horne, W. & Co. 46 Hotel Moresby . . 80 Intercontinental Airways .... 11 Jantzen (Aust) Ltd 65 Jones & Co. Ltd, H. 37 “Kambala” School for Girls ... 10 King’s School, The 26 Kodak Pty. Ltd. . 18 Kopsen & Co. Ltd. 57 Kork-N-Seal, Ltd . 35 Koyong Boarding School 76 Levenson’s Radio . 70 Lloyd & Co. Pty.

Ltd 13- Lustre Hosiery Ltd. 67 “Majora” Paints . 58 Mclrath’s Ltd. . . 14 Maxwell Porter Ltd 51 Methodist Ladies’

College .... 66 Miller & Co. Pty.

Ltd 56 Morris, Hedstrom, Limited .... 47 N.D.L 78 Nestle’s Milk ... 40 Newington College 66 Newlands Bros. Ltd 43 Newmarket Saddlery 71 Nock & Kirby Ltd. 23 Noyes Bros., Ltd. 58 “Oriana” .... 76 Pabst Canned Beer 14 Pacific Is. Club . 9 Papua Hotel, The 80 Paul & Grey Ltd. 75 Pike Bros. Ltd. . 12 Positions Wanted 19, 74, 76 Prescott, Ltd. . . 39 Prouds, Ltd. ... 13 Ransome, Sims & Jeffries, Ltd. . . 47 Reed, William E. . 36 Riverstone Meat Co 15 Rohu, Sil . . . . 22 Royal Packet Co. . i.

Scott’s Emulsion . 15 Scott, Ltd., J. . . 34 Shell Oil Co. . . 59 Springwood L. Col. 65 Steamships Trading Co. Ltd 30 Sterling Varnish Co 9 Sullivan, Ltd. C. . 37 Swallow & Ariell . 39 “Talkeries”, The . 31 Taylor & Co., A. . 68 “Tenax” Soap . . 16 “Teviot” College . 64 Tilley Lamp Co. . 61 Tillock & Co Ltd. 30 Tongan Stamps & Photos Bureau . . 49 Toohey’s Ltd. . . 25 “Top Dog” Men’s Wear .... 31 Tooth & Co. . cov. 4 Usher’s Hotel . . 28 Vincent’s A.P.C. . . 72 West, Harry ... 48 Weymark & Son . 35 Wills, W.D. and H. 0., Ltd. ... 31 Wright & Co, . . 73 Wright & Co. Ltd., E 48 Wunderlich, Ltd. . 51 Contents Page Pacific Islands Travellers 1, 80 Dismal European Outlook 3 New Policy in Australian Pacific Territories 3,9, 14 Ketch “Idle Hour" Wrecked 4 Drought on Nauru 4 Dairy Industry for Central N. Guinea 4 Huge Fleets Out After Whale Oil 5 International Tennis in Samoa .. 5 Western Samoan Election 6 “Bounty” Men’s Graves 6 Refuges for Jews in Pacific 6 Indian Publicist’s Attack on Fiji Conditions 7, 73 New Japanese Air Service 8 Tropicalities 10 Christmas Is. —British or American? 11 About Islands People 13 P.A.A.’s Trans-Pacific Service .. 16, 40 Papua Suspects New Guinea Goldfield of Dark and Dirty Designs 18 Increase in B.P. Shipping Subsidy 22 Samoan Attitude to Germany .. .. 23 The Numerous Princesses of Tahiti 25 Bounties for Islands Planters .. .. 27 Education and Protection for Fijians 28 Nature of the Mandates 33 The Romance of Bulolo 34 Kings and Princes in Tahiti .. .. 38 German Praise of Fiji 42 Indians Make Requests for Different Conditions in Fiji 45 Medical Work Among New Hebrides Natives 48 Fijians Grow More Bananas .. .. 49 B.P. Sell Phoenix Is. Leases .. . . 50 Papuan Governor Flies Over New Lands 51 German-Japanese Alliance Theatens the Pacific 53 Treatment of Malaria 57 How a Bridge Was Built in Fiji .. 58 Fashion Hints for Islands Women . 65 Planters and the Big Firms in N.G. 66 Pacific Mining Notes 68 Radio Programmes (Short Wave) .. 71 Quotations for Islands Gold Shares 73 Produce and Exchange Rates .. .. 74 Copra and Rubber Prices 75 Shipping Timetables 76 2 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission hy post as a newspaper. J Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Crown Colony of Fiji.

Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney. tttt irpTinwr J Managing Director __ 8W5037 TELEPHONE BuBinesg and Editorial MA7IOI P.O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables: “Pacpub”, Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

Subscription Rates

Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Per Annum, elsewhere, prepaid. Post Free 10/- Single Copies Bd.

Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON, F.R.G.S.

Assisted by Selwyn Hughes.

Advertising Manager: L. W. Bailey.

Advertising Office and Printing-House: 29 Alberta St., Sydney.

Advertising rates furnished on application.

Colours, etc by Arrangement Process Blocks made at Advertiser’s expense when required. Screen, 100.

Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by 3rd of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

AGENTS The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

All Branches of Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co.. Rabaul, New Guinea.

T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros. Ltd., Samarai, Papua.

Steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches.

P. Costello, Suva, Fiji.

J. Muir Suva, Fiji.

N. C. Mackenzie-Hunt, Wainunu, Bua, Fiji.

All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove & Sons Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

A. C. Rowland, Papeete, Tahiti.

Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. IX. No. 5.

Sydney, December 15, 1938.

PrirP ( Bd ' Per Copy met: ( prepaid: 8/- p.a.

Dismal European Outlook THE Pacific countries, to a degree greater than ever before in their history, are affected by the international position; and, in recent weeks, the international position has seriously deteriorated.

The Munich Agreement, made at the beginning of October, was nothing except an expression of mutual good feeling between Britain, Germany, France and Italy. Britain and France agreed that Germany should dismember Czecho-Slovakia; France renounced her valuable defensive treaties with Russia and the Little Entente; and, in return, Germany and Italy were to promote good relations with Britain and France.

British public opinion, in October, moved immediately and definitely towards friendship with Germany, and a policy of transferring large areas of colonial territory to Germany for administration and development. The whole western world acclaimed Munich. But, as we pointed out in October, everything depended upon the good faith of an uncertain person named Adolf Hitler.

Then a hysterical Jewish boy in Paris, crazed by sufferings inflicted on his relations in Austria by the Nazis, murdered a German high official. Germany immediately began to persecute all Jews within her borders, in the most horrible manner. The pogroms (which continue) have killed Britain’s growing friendship for Germany. The cruelties were bad enough: but (all Anglo-Saxon people are asking) how can we have faith in the word of a nation which in a time of psychological crisis, acts so madly, and with such utter lack of self-restraint.

To-day, the Nazi-led newspapers of Germany are screaming abuse at Britain; Germany is getting ready to seize further territory on her eastern frontier (probably Memel); Italy has made a sudden, noisy and blustering demand upon France for Corsica and Tunisia; Germany and Italy have entered, provisionally, into a Triple Alliance with Japan, which directly threatens the Pacific territories. Japan’s attitude is menacing.

Britain, practically, has abandoned hope of reaching any peaceful understanding with the dictators. She realises that she might just as well try to make agreements with mad dogs. They promise peace to-day—howl for war tomorrow. So Britain and France, while still trying to keep the peace, are preparing grimly for war, and with all speed. As time passes, there seems a greater likelihood of the United States joining with Britain and France, in an attempt to save humankind from the ruthless, trampling hordes of Germany, Italy and Japan.

There is one ray of hope. There are increasing reports of a growing movement in Germany, led by the intelligentsia, against Hitler and his Nazis. Internal unrest may curb these people. If not, they surely will plunge Europe into war. Neither Britain nor France wants to fight the Totalitarian States; but, if it is to be war, the noisy claquers of Germany and Italy are due for some very unpleasant surprises.

New Policy in Australian Pacific Territories AS large a measure of amalgamation as is practicable is to be introduced, as between the administrations of the Australian Territory of Papua, and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea. Fortifications and defence units are to be placed in Papua. One administrative centre for the two territories, preferably inland, is to be sought. A policy will be formulated for the encouragement of new primary industries and of new European settlement.

In fact, most of the things which Australia should have been doing in her tropical territories during the past 20 years now are to be done. Details are given on page 9.

The announcements have come with such rapidity that many people are bewildered. They ask what it all means, and the reason for haste. For 20 years, these tropical territories have been the playthings of professional politicians; they were voteless, and important only as a means of providing highly-paid positions for Canberra job-hunters. They have been, for innumerable years, under

the control of unimaginative Ministerial automatons like Sir George Pearce. Once or twice, a young and industrious Minister has been given “Territories”; but, as soon as he tried to introduce a real colonial policy, he was hunted out by scandalised bureaucrats. The situation was not improved by the vicious system of appointing untrained men to the highest posts in the territories.

These recent, startling changes are the result of Canberra suddenly being confronted with the most urgent problem of defending Australia against Japan, and realising that Papua and New Guinea are a vital part of the defence plan: and of the portfolio of “Territories” being handed over to Mr. Harrison, a young man with vision, driving-force and conspicuous administrative ability.

"Amalgamation” will be resisted, on many grounds—the chief being that the two territories have been so differently governed that they now are far apart, and it will be most difficult to reconcile their administrative machinery, finances, superannuation schemes, native policies, and so forth. Those difficulties have been made by men, and men can sweep them away. It is absurd to argue that two areas of New Guinea (plus adjoining islands), exactly similar in physical conditions, in climate, in native races, in industries, and in health conditions, cannot be controlled with greater efficiency by the one organisation.

There is need for the greatest care in one direction, however. During the 30 years in which Sir Hubert Murray has governed Papua, there has been evolved in Papua a native policy which is a model for all countries. Sir Hubert, combining scientific knowledge with vision, patience and administrative skill, has helped the natives of Papua to meet and adapt themselves to “Europeanisation”, and thus has preserved their racial virility and their spirit. Conditions are not so good in New Guinea: and, if the frontier barriers are to be lowered, it is most important that the Murray native policy shall be protected and shall continue. Otherwise, the most creditable thing in Australia's record of Pacific Islands administration may be destroyed.

New Books In Brief

SPACE pressure compels us to hold over, until next issue, details of books published by Angus & Robertson, Ltd., of Sydney. They are:—♦ “Collected Essays of Walter Murdoch”. 8 6—a delightful volume by Australia’s most distinguished writer — “shafts of wisdom, pointed by wit and feathered by fun”.

“The Bone is Pointed”, 6/ a really intriguing murder mystery, woven against a background of inland Australia, by the clever hand of Arthur W. Upheld.

“Free and Easy Land”. 10 6, by Frank Clune. As one reads this bright, amusing book, one realises that Queensland is Australia’s most colourful State, with patches of fascinating romance in its history.

“Titans of the Barrier Reef”, 8/6, by Norman Caldwell. A series of adventures, vividly told, vith sharks, devil-fish, groper and other monsters of tropical waters.

“Idle Hour", After 35,000 Miles, Wrecked in Harbour THE 32-ft. ketch “Idle Hours”, was wrecked in Long Island Sound (Atlantic coast of the United States) on the night of September 21. She will be remembered in many parts of the Pacific as the little boat which the American University student, Dwight Long, sailed from Seattle across the Pacific Ocean in 1935-36; thence to Auckland, Sydney, Papua, East Indies.

Colombo, Suez Canal, Gibraltar, London, and then across the Atlantic, home.

Dwight Long, writing from New York, sends the attached photograph to the editor, and says: “My boat was wrecked here in the worst hurricane that had struck New England and vicinity since 1815. I had completed 35,000 miles, and was safe in harbour and then to be wrecked!

“Curiously' enough, I was down at Radio City, describing over the air a former hurricane I had experienced, when my boat broke away from its moorings. and was pounded against a seawall. smashing in ten ribs and 18 planks”.

Mr. Long does not say whether the vessel is capable of repair. The photograph suggests that repair is possible.

We should not be surprised to see the indomitable young American back in the Pacific again, with his famous “Idle Hour”.

Bad Drought On

NAURU Water Supplies from Condensation From a Special Correspondent NAURU, Nov. 14.

THE island of Nauru is in a bad way at present owing to the prolonged drought—the worst since 1916.

Practically no rain has fallen for a year, and coconut palms and vegetation generally, including even the hardy tomano trees which cover the island, are dying. Europeans are receiving ration supplies of condensed water. The little golf course, usually an oasis of green, is practically too dry and dusty to allow of play.

Dairy Cattle

Herd to Establish Industry in Central N. Guinea From a Special Correspondent W Tm CAIRNS, Nov. 13.

HEN the “Macdhui” left Cairns today for New Guinea, she carried Mr. Jack Toogood, and 15 head of pure-bred Illawarra dairy cows. He is taking this stock to Lae, New Guinea and there, at the mouth of the Markham Valley (gateway of the great central tablelands) he will establish a dairy farm and stock-recruiting station.

This may prove to be one of the important steps in Australia’s development of New Guinea, and it is hoped that this enterprising man will receive at least a little encouragement from Rabaul and Canberra.

Mr. Toogood had resided for many years in the Ingham district, Queensland, and has been handling stock all his life. He can deal with all stock ailments and his presence in New Guinea should be of value from a veterinary science point of view.

He has also taken back with him plants and seeds of the best pasturegrasses, which comprise collections from Argentine, South Africa and Queensland and he feels sure that all of these grasses will do well in New Guinea, and should improve the milking qualities of his dairy herd.

Mr. Toogood, for the past three years, has been in New Guinea, contracting and recruiting, and he considers that the upper reaches of the Markham Valley will, in the near future, be settled; and with his farm at Lae, he will be able to supply cattle and stud pigs to other settlers who come in to make a start.

He speaks in optimistic terms of the future of New Guinea as a cattle dairying and pig-raising country.

Who was it said that the man that made two blades of grass grow, where one grew before, was worth all the politicians put together?

Sawmill Established

LAE, Nov. 25.

HE road up the Markham Valley from Lae is being steadily improved, and an increasing amount of good land is being made accessible.

Messrs. Hoile Brothers, of Wau, have started the erection of a sawmill, near the Markham River, between 8 and 10 miles from Lae. There is good timber thereabouts. They are making a road, to connect with the new Markham Road.

Death Of “Granny" Clunn

SAMARAI, Dec. 2.

MRS. E. CLUNN died on December 1, aged 77.

She came to Papua 40 years ago, and became one of the best known and most highly respected women in the Territory. Miners and traders calling at Samarai, coasting skippers, and homesick young clerks and store hands, all made a point of going to see “Granny Clunn”; and all were sure of a welcome—and of a frank encouragement or straightspoken rebuke, according to their deserts.

Practical, capable, generously hospitable, and deeply understanding of human difficulties and human frailties, Mrs. Clunn was almost the last representative of the fine type of pioneer women.

The “Idle Hour”, where she was thrown against a sea-wall and smashed, by a hurricane. 4 Pacific Islands Monthl y—t) ecember I§, 1938

Copra'S Rival

Huge Ships Out After Whale Oil ALL the nations are sending larger and more efficient fleets of whale-catchers and floating factories to the Antarctic this year, and it is likely that the catch of whale oil—which has a depressing effect on the copra marketwill be larger than ever. Japan and Germany set the pace in this industry, and Britain. U.S.A., and the Scandinavian countries have followed.

International agreements, to limit the whale catch and save the whales from extermination have gone by the board.

The “Unitas”, a 21.846 ton German whale factory ship, which left Southampton early in November for Capetown, on her way to ninety days’ whale hunting through the Antarctic, is the biggest cargo vessel in the world, and has a bigger draught than any ship afloat.

Having taken on 38.000 tons of fuel oil, the ship had a sailing draught of nearly 40 ft., which is more than 3 ft. in excess of the 81,000 tons liner “Queen Mary”. . , _ ~ This season a new catch-finding apparatus is to be tried. When a whale is killed by the chasers it is pumped up with air from compressed air cylinders to make the carcase float and left to be picked up by the factory ship. It is then “flagged” to facilitate “spotting", but automatic radio beacons, which emit signals at intervals, are also attached to the carcases, so that they may be picked up even under conditions of bad visibility.

The “Unitas” will work in conjunction with a fleet of ten chasers in the region of the Great Barrier. She has a crew of 306. and with the men on the chasers, there is a total of 470.

A New Fish

In Recently Discovered Lake in Central Papua From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Dec. 2.

THE newly-discovered Lake Kutubu, on the south-western edge of the uncontrolled area, in Central Papua, is not only a very beautiful sheet of water, but is also achieving fame as the home of fish hitherto unknown.

The fish, though small and bony, are an important item in the diet of the lake-dwellers.

Mr. C. T. J. Adamson who, with Mr.

Ivan Champion, is stationed at the lake, sent specimens of two varieties of the fish to the British Museum, for identification. He has received a report that one variety is entirely unknown to science, and that “Adamsonii” has been decided upon as its baptismal name. The other specimen has not yet been identified with any known species, and is expected to prove another new discovery.

Late Jock Hides Son Born Posthumously MRS. MARGUERITE HIDES, widow of the late Mr. Jack Hides, of Papua (who died a few months ago) gave birth to a son on November 24. He has been named John Fairfax Hides.

The young explorer thus is survived by two children —a daughter, who was born when he was away on his famous Tarifuroro patrol, in 1935, and a son, born posthumously.

International Tennis In Samoa

THE Western Samoa tennis team won the Ernest Reid Memorial Trophy, and the Inter-Island Tennis Championship, 1938.

Teams from American Samoa and Western Samoa met at Pago Pago on October 21-23, to play in the tournament.

The trophy was presented by Mr. G. H. C. Reid and family, of Pago Pago, in memory of their son, Ernest J. E. Reid.

In the photograph, left to right, are: Sitting—C. Hellescoe (captain). W. M. Jones, Standing—R. E. Hendriksen, G.

F. Betham.

The American team included; P Reid. E. Meredith. S.

Scanlon, J. Johnson, Ropati.

During the tournament, members of the Australian Davis Cup team, who were passing through Pago Pago on S.S.

“Monterey”, on their return to Australia from U.S.A. participated in some delightful exhibition matches, and were given a rousing reception by a most appreciative audience. The rival inter-island captains, Hellescoe and Reid, also tried conclusions with the doughty Australians.

Help For China

Surprising Sums Sent from Tahiti From our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, Nov. 24.

THE events in China have had a profound effect on the Chinese colony in French Oceania.

While the war raged about Shanghai and in the valley of the Yang-tse River, the Chinese at Tahiti concentrated their efforts on the collection of funds to aid the purchase of war material for the armies.

Committees were formed to visit the several islands. Every Chinaman —even to the lone tiller of the soil in the mountain valleys and the trader on the most remote atoll—was rounded up and urged to contribute. A really astonishing sum was amassed and sent to Hong Kong.

Most of the Chinese in French Oceania came from Canton, and have families and relations who —since the Japanese invasion of South China — are now refugees in Hong Kong and the hinterland beyond Canton.

The loyalty to family, traditional with the Chinese, is amply proven by the generous aid now being sent from Tahiti many merchants have despatched a goodly share of their capital funds, and that others have sacrificed their savings of years to relieve the tragedy which has fallen upon these distant relations and friends.

Mrs. Mollie Lett, well-known resident of Port Moresby, Papua, arrived in Sydney on December 5, to spend a holiday in Australia.

TOP ROW.—Father Lepping (left) and Father Breton, of the Marist Mission, sailed from Sydney for Kieta, Solomon Islands, by the last “Malaita”. Father Lepping arrived recently from Philadelphia, U.S.A., and this is his first term in the Islands. Father Breton, who has been in B.S.I. for more than 12 years, has just completed furlough in Sydney.

BOTTOM ROW. —Mr. and Mrs. G. E. Clift sailed from Sydney by the “Bulolo" on November 19 for a brief visit to Papua and New Guinea.

Mr. Clift is secretary and a director of Grace Bros. Pty. Ltd., the well-known Sydney retail store. 5 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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West. Samoan

ELECTION O. F. Nelson Tops The Poll APIA, Dec. 1.

AN election for two European members of the Legislative Council, for three years, was held on November 26, and resulted:— ELECTED O. F. Nelson (former leader of the Mau) 332 Dr. C. M. Dawson 270

Not Elected

A. G. Smyth (retiring member) .. 216 A. Stowers (prominent in local Labour Party) 152 E. T. Pleasants (a solicitor in Apia) 135 P. W. Glover (Apia business man) 28 The other retiring Councillor, Mr. I.

H. Carruthers, did not seek re-election.

At the last election, there were 111 on the roll—the voter’s qualification being property or income worth £2OO p.a.

This election, there were 705 on the roll, of whom 98 per cent, voted. The N.Z.

Labour Government changed the voting qualification from that stated, to “every European male or female, over 21 years of age, provided he or she is either the legitimate child of a European parent or registered as a European”.

This new rule gave the vote to the large community of European-Samoans, who have European status. Of the 705 on the roll, 194 are Europeans, and 511 are European-Samoans. One-third of all the electors are women.

Loss By Fires In Fiji

AFIRE in an electricity plant, owned by Mr. M. P. Khan, did £1,300 worth of damage at Lautoka, Fiji, on November 22.

Early in the morning of October 29, a Pre did £lO,OOO worth of damage at Ba, Fiji. Buildings destroyed were: The Avalon Picture Theatre, a bulk store, a garage with five vehicles, a cordial factory, two terraces of shops and tenement buildings, and a number of outbuildings. Messrs. Morris Hedstrom Ltd. owned the cordial factory, bakery, bulk store and garage, and Singh owned the remainder.

Serious Epidemic In New

BRITAIN PRIVATE letters from Rabaul, dated December, say that there has been a “terrifying death-roll” among New Britain natives, apparently from pneumonia, which is the result either of neglected measles of pneumonic influenza.

“All over this district”, says one planter, near Rabaul, “the natives have been dying like flies in their villages.

No doctor has been near them —there are not enough to cope with this big epidemic”.

THE Fijian coastal steamer, “Yanawai”, left Suva on November 24, heavily laden, for an unknown destination.

She was an object of curiosity as she waited about, near the harbour entrance, for some hours, before disappearing into the south-east. It is supposed that her mission is connected with the formal occupation of certain islands by Great Britain.

"Bounty" Men'S

GRAVES Danger That They May Be Lost HISTORICAL landmarks of value on Pitcairn Island are in danger of being lost.

A year ago, it was noticed that the headstone over the grave of John Adams (the last of the “Bounty” mutineers) had fallen down and was broken. The stone was repaired with cement, and re-erected; but soon afterwards it fell to pieces again.

The grave of John Adams is the only one of the “Bounty” mutineers’ graves that is definitely known. The approximate place of Fletcher Christian’s burial is known, but nothing marks the spot.

Emigration of Tonkinese From Indochine to New Caledonia and New Hebrides TN confirmation of information already 1 published in one of our last issues (says “Bulletin du Commerce”, Noumea, of November 16), a press radio was received this morning announcing that it had been officially stated on November 15 that a decree had been published instituting a mission for the purpose of studying in French East Africa.

Madagascar, New Caledonia and the New Hebrides, the possibility of an emigration of Indochine people to these colonies.

This mission consists of Mon. Wintrebert Heny, Senior Resident in Indochine (head of the mission), Mon. Wintrebert Michel, Assistant Administrator of Civil Services (Secretary), Mon. Tran Van La, Indochine doctor, and Mon.

Dinh Wanhon (Agriculturist).

The point in question is the installation in the sparsely populated colonies, of small farmers from the over-populated Tonkinese territories, which constitute a distressing problem.

Refuges For The

JEWS Fiji, New Hebrides or Central New Guinea THE High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, in common with other British Colonial Governors, has been asked by the British Government whether there are any areas in the Pacinc Islands, under his care, which might be regarded as suitable for settlement bv Jewish refugees.

The territories under the jurisdiction of Sir Harry Luke include Fiji, Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Solomon Islands Tonga and the British share of the New Hebrides. It can be said, from a quick survey, that there are opportunities for well-organised and properly-supported settlement by Europeans, in Fiji itself in the southern islands of the New’

Hebrides, and, to a limited extent, in Tonga.

Australia has been very urgently asked to make provision for Jewish refugees, and is preparing to receive a certain number of thousands per annum A plan has been brought forward to settle communities of Jews on Melville Island-just off the coast of Australia near Darwin—but that is a low-lying, hot and humid place and, however fertile it may be, it is scarcely suitable for kind of settlement contemplated.

It is surprising that no one has directed attention, in this connection, to the large plateaus recently discovered in Central New Guinea. Here are lands of great fertility, well-wooded and wellwatered, an almost limitless expanse of wide valleys, lying at an average height of 5,000 ft. This region is near the equator; yet, owing to its elevation, it has a pleasant climate, quite suitable for Europeans. It definitely would represent better country for settlement than the southern islands of Fiji or the New Hebrides. And its settlement, for the protection of Australia against Asiatics (for that is the urgent aspect of New Guinea development), by Jews driven out of Central Europe by German terrorism, would be a kind of poetic justice —for Central New Guinea was a German colony between 1888 and 1914.

The New Hebrides

Australia always was expected to colonise the British section of the New Hebrides; but always has neglected her obligations in that direction in a very Head-stone over John Adams’s grave, before it was broken. Standing beside the stone is Ada Christian, a great-great-grand-daughter of John Adams. 6 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

shocking way. The result is that, today, European settlement there is almost wholly French. The British planters have either departed, or sought French citizenship, which gives encouragement and practical help to settlers.

The fact remains, however, that large areas of land in the New Hebrides belong to Australia —a gift made to the Commonwealth, over 30 years ago, by Sir James Burns, the founder of Burns* Philp and Co. Ltd. Surely, this is a suitable time in which to look the New Hebrides situation over, with a view to a little active co-operation between the British Government (which wants to help the Jewish refugees), the Australian Government (which has large areas of New Hebrides land upon its hands; and the Jewish organisations which are prepared to finance and help their distressed countrymen.

Problems Of Settlement

Someone will say: But how will they live? What will they produce? Where is their market?

Isn’t there fallacy behind those alltoo-common questions? The true purpose of settlement is to place a man and his dependants upon land of such an area, and under such conditions, that they can provide directly for their own requirements in food and shelter. That was the method of the original, successful settlements in Australia and New Zealand. Those people lived off their own little, primitive farms; and the few necessities that the land did not provide, were provided, at first, from a very small cash allowance made by the Governments and, subsequently, from the very modest sales they made of the products of their farms.

It was only during the past quartercentury that attempts have been made to establish farming settlements on another scale —“gentleman-farming”, it is called —the basis of which is the production of large quantities of foodstuffs or raw materials for immediate sale. That kind of settlement generally fails. The other kind—the settlement of peasantfarmers close to the soil —usually is successful; and it provides, moreover, the basis for a very sound economic structure for the nation.

Lands Commissioner in Papua From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Dec. 9.

THE position of Commissioner for Land and Director of Mines and Agriculture, left vacant by the retirement of the Hon. C. T. Wurth, has been filled by the appointment of Mr. E. R. Oldham, who has for some months been acting as Commissioner for Native Affairs, during the absence of the Hon. J.

T. O’Malley.

Seeks “Pen Friends”

Madame A. Couvrier, 62 Rue du Marais, Montiguies sur Sambre, Belgium, writes to say that she would like to make contact with “pen friends” in the Pacific who are interested in stamp-collecting.

Mr. F. R. Charlton, Commissioner of Lands for the Colony of Fiji, was invested by His Excellency the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Sir Harry Luke, with the insignia of an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire, at the opening of the Legislative Council at Suva. Fiji, on November 25.

Indian Publicist’S Attack On

Fiji Conditions

Provides Fantastic Material for America's Anti-British Newspapers An outrageous abuse of British hospitality, and a treacherous attack upon British institutions, are disclosed in the following despatch from our Honolulu correspondent;— HONOLULU. Nov. 14.

THE following startling “snapshot” opinions were given to the American press by Dr. H. N. Kunzru, a member of India’s Council of State, who recently attended the British Commonwealth Affairs conference in Sydney as leader of the Indian delegation, and who arrived in Honolulu this week: — British Indians in Fiji are forced to live under one of the most backward Colonial policies in the Pacific area. , The conditions under which they live and work are “deplorable”. The position is “acute”.

Dr Kunzru came to Hawaii to make a detailed study of conditions in the local sugar industry, to see if he can’t find a solution of the difficulties which he said he encountered in Fiji.

The American reporters asked Dr.

Kunzru to boil down his complaints to a few words. His answer was as follows : The status of the Indians in Fiji is of immediate concern because the short term leases under which they have cultivated their sugar cane lands now are expiring, and thousands of the Indian planters are faced with the prospect of either not being able to renew their leases, or being forced to accept new short-term grants which give them little or insufficient economic security.

The Indians compose 43 per cent of Fiji’s population, and 90,000 Indians are in the sugar industry.

Boiling down his complaint still further, Dr. Kunzru said:— “The Indians still are subject to an antiquated master-and-servants ordinance which, in effect, relegates them to the position of feudal slaves”.

Dr. Kunzru’s story was front-paged by the Honolulu press, one reason being, of course, that the Hawaii sugar workers are told they are the best-off of all world sugar workers.

Reading through the published statements credited to Dr. Kunzru, these are highlights:— Average annual wages in Fiji of Indian planters (does that mean workers in the field?) rarely exceed £5O a year.

Now under consideration by the Fijian Government (according to Dr. Kunzru) is a plan to divide all the land into maior portions: one half to be used by native Fijians, the other to be leased for 99 years by all “foreign” residents, including the “oppressed” Indians.

All sugar production in Fiji is controlled by the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. The management of this company (according to Kunzru) has exercised considerable influence on the Government to keep the Indian workers in the position of serfs, and has done little to provide economic security for the Indian labourers.

Under current laws (Dr. Kunzru said) Indian planters would be committingpenal offences if they attempted to organise to form trade unions.

Asked whether he had done anything on the spot about the alleged conditions of the Indians, Dr. Kunzru said that he had discussed the problem with Sir Harry Luke (newly appointed Governor of Fiji).

That was all Dr. Kunzru would say to the American press for publication. On the q.t. (or off the record, as the Americans say) Dr. Kunzru was extremely enlightening.

He told the U.S. press all about himself: He is president of the Servants of India (one of the largest social welfare organisations in India), a graduate of the University of India, a Boy Scout executive, and a potent force in India’s mixed politics.

A survey of the reporters who interviewed him leaves the impression that Dr. Kunzru is serious. Added several of the reporters: “If only half of what Dr.

Kunzru said is true, there’s lots of social dynamite in Fiji”.

Dr. Kunzru intends to “spend a week” in Hawaii to study the local sugar industry. Local interests are concerned lest he obtain a “snapshot” opinion of the local set-up, and “sound off” about it in newspapers elsewhere.

Something About Dr. Kunxru and His Methods THIS Dr Kunzru came to Australia in | e rS ber commonweaU?r Relations Coni™. Se°Ta TsSe mafwito treated‘wtfh^proper^courtiesy! &*£ made a number of public addresses. He did not openly display his apparently inherent hatred of Britain.

In Fiji, again, he was given every possible facility for carrying out his ostensible purpose—namely, the promotion of good relations between the people of the British Commonwealth—and for investi- D-ntimr thp rrmdifion nf the Fiii Indians He presided at an All-Indian Conference (see report elsewhere). He said nothing, publicly, while on British W SS det £&-££&&&& S'SuSfS row about.

But, the moment he found himself on foreign soil, among representatives of an ignorant and sensation-loving Poswhich loses no chance of belittling and ridiculing the British Empire and Bntlsh institutions he .let go a mass o malicious half-truths dwtortlojM o f fact. His purpose is not easy to understand: but apparently he is one of those Indian intellectuals who cannot resist 7 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

a chance of spitting venom at Britain.

He cannot be explained—he is just part of the white man’s burden.

It is far too late, now, to overtake the evil impression made on American minds by this man—we only can state the facts. But it may be said that the harm done to the Indian community in Fiji by an incident like this more than outweighs all the problematical benefits of the visits of a dozen Kunzrus.

One of the most difficult problems in the British Colonial administration is provided by Fiji. The Fijians are increasing, and are becoming agriculturists. Britain, under the terms of cession, is the trustee for Fijian lands. The Indians also are increasing, and are avid for land, which they farm well and profitably. But the Indians were admitted to Fiji as tenant-farmers of sugar-lands, with certain obligations to the C.S.R.

Co., and subject to the inalienable land rights of the Fijians. The Indians, escaping from the poverty of their overcrowded homeland, gratefully accepted the conditions. But nowadays, the circumstances of life in India are forgotten, and the Fiji Indians clamour for more land, more privileges, and equality with the British.

For two decades, the British most conscientiously have striven to adjust racial differences in Fiji. They are trying in Fiji, as in every part of the Empire—despite the snarling and malice of all kinds of trouble-makers, from Fascist to feebleminded, and from Communists to Kunzrus —to provide social justice and political freedom for all the races they control, and a fair share of the good things of life; and they have made considerable progress. Lately, British official opinion has been definitely favourable to Fiji-Indian aspirations.

The British have obtained marked concessions from Fijian landowners in favour of Indians.

British officials, being what they are, probably will continue their policy, unperturbed—although they scarcely will gain in respect for a race which produces and encourages Kunzrus. But there are others who, when faced with such incidents as this, will ask the Fiji Government seriously whether it is worth while trying to do anything for such an ungrateful and unappreciative community—whether it would not be better to leave the Indians in the condition they originally accepted—namely, cane-growers and labourers for the big sugar company.

And there is practical commonsense in that question. The C.S.R. Co. has made Fiji the most prosperous colony in the Empire. The Co. must have cane-growers and labourers, at a price which will enable it to compete with other sugarproducing countries. Already. Fiji sugar-production costs are at their peak.

The Honolulu statements of Dr. Kunzru can be very briefly disposed of.

I travelled through the cane-growing districts of Fiji not long ago; and I have travelled in India—and the conditions simply are not comparable. The Fiji Indians generally are far from rich— but mostly they are well-fed, well housed, protected and cared for, and in social condition, education, widening opportunities, they are improving all the time.

I saw no slum conditions, or distressing poverty. I saw—and photographed— swarms of happy, well-fed, well-clothed Indian children, mostly going to or leaving schools, which are provided for them by Government and Missions.

Indian cane-farmers may not earn more than £5O-£7O p.a., in cash, from the Co.; but they live on their own little farms and produce most of their own foodstuffs.

Land tenures are a real problem—not of Britain’s making—but very substantial progress has been made lately (and Dr. Kunzru knew it) in finding a solution.

Wherever Indians have emigrated— South and East Africa. Trinidad, British Guiana, Mauritius, are places that come to mind—they have sat around and howled their discontent with life in general and British rule in particular. Fiji is no exception. Yet. probably, they have made greater progress in Fiji, spiritually and materially, than anywhere in the world. —R.W.R.

Some Facts, From C.S.R. Co.'s Records REPORTS of Dr. Kunzru’s Honolulu utterances were shown to Sir Philip Goldfinch, general manager of the C.S.R. Co., in Sydney: and he kindly supplied the following informative notes.

Land and Short-Term Leases: The tenure of lands leased from the Fijian owners is generally 21 years; and, admittedly, difficulties in connection with renewals have constituted in the past a genuine grievance on the part of Indian lessees. This has long been recognised by the Government: but, owing to the unique circumstances under which Fiji was ceded to the British Crown (which was specially asked to protect the Fijians against the alienation of their lands), the question of remedial measures was extraordinarily difficult. However, the Fijians, through their Council of Chiefs, recently agreed (in November) by an overwhelming majority, that it is in the best interests of the native race that all lands (including leases) not required for the maintenance of the Fijian owners be opened for settlement, and that all land (including leases) not so required be handed over to the Government to lease on behalf of the Fijians.

Masters and Servants Ordinance: This law applies to all servants, and not to Indians only, and imposes certain obligations on masters also. The statement that the Ordinance “relegates Indians to the position of feudal slaves” is absurd. Contracts under the Ordinance, like other contracts, are enforceable in law, but in actual practice the law is seldom invoked.

“Wages” of Planters: Presumably the word “wages” is used loosely for “income”. The proceeds from all agricultural industry depends mainly on two factors:—(a) The ability of the farmer, (b) The market value of his product.

In the latter regard, it is sufficient to say that the price paid for cane has not varied in the past 15 years, in spite of the depressed state of the sugar market. The burden of low prices has fallen entirely on the manufacturer, and the grower has been paid a price for his cane which compares more than favourably with that paid in India and in sugar-producing British Colonies. As a result of this stabilisation in prices, crops have greatly increased.

Labour: Dr. Kunzru’s allegation that “the management of the C.S.R. Co. has exercised considerable influence on the Government to keep the Indian workers in a position of serfs and has done little to provide economic security for the Indian labourers”, if correctly reported, can only be characterised as a slanderous lie. It suggests a conspiracy be-

(Continued On Page 73)

Northward Bound

From Japan To

CAROLINES New Weekly Airmail in April IT was announced during the month that the new Japanese weekly airservice, from Tokio to the Japanese mandate, Marshall and Caroline Islands, will come into operation in April, 1939.

It was reported in this journal several months ago that such a service was in contemplation.

Some Australian newspapers suggested that the new air line has aggressive intent, insomuch that its southern terminal will be only 1,500 miles north of the Australian teritory of New Guinea.

The Japanese, however, are very rapidly colonising their mandated territory— especially the Mariana, or Ladrone, Islands—and there are now at least 60,000 Japanese in the Marshall and Caroline Islands (this grouping includes the Mariana Islands), as against about 50,000 natives; and they need this service for commercial purposes.

It appears that the Japanese line will run due south from Japan through the Bonin Islands, then through the thickly populated and rapidly developing Mariana chain to Saipan; and thence it will run due west to Palau. The Jaluit or Marshall Islands end, is not in the picture.

New Aerodrome at Rabaul GOOD progress is being made with the construction of a new aerodrome at the golf links, on the outskirts of Rabaul, New Guinea: and it should be ready for use about the end of January.

Miss Schwabe left Sydney for Samarai, Papua, by the “Bulolo” on November 19.

Rev. A. Mason, of the Melanesian Mission, returned to Fiu. B.S.I., by the “Malaita” on November 26, after spending long furlough in England.

Mrs. Ditton de parted from Sydney for Salamaua, New Guinea. by the “Bulolo” on November 19, after a holiday in Sydney, en route for her home at Wau. 8 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—D ecember 15, 1938

The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

The next club gathering will be held in January, 11)39, at the Hotel Carlton, Sydney.

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB.

C/o Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, George St., Sydney.

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Australia’S New Policy In

Papua And N. Guinea

Unified Control-Development of Territories Resources -Inland Capital For Both-Fortification of Pt. Moresby As Naval And Air Base a T last, under the driving-force of international and defence considerations, and assisted by a new and businesslike Minister for Territories, the Australian Government has adopted a definite line of policy and a plan of action for its Pacific Territories of Papua and New Guinea.

The Government’s proposals are set forth hereunder; If the Commonwealth Cabinet survives—it is being increasingly attacked by a critical and dissatisfied electorate —and the present Minister remains, important changes will be seen soon in both Papua and New Guinea.

The Administrator of New Guinea (Sir Walter McNicoll) arrived in Sydney on December 5, after a trip to the Far East, and was immediately available for consultations with Federal Ministers concerning Territory matters.

As Papua, also, is vitally affected, Sir Hubert Murray (Lieut.-Governor of Papua) was asked to come south a few weeks earlier than he had intended, for consultation. It is believed that Sir Hubert dislikes the plan of “unified control” —probably because he fears that it may adversely affect his policy of protecting and assisting the natives, to which he has devoted a lifetime of thought and singularly successful effort.

- Unified Control

1. —There is to be the largest practicable measure of “unified control” for Papua and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea, in place of the present system, under which the administration of the two Territories are kept completely independent of each other.

A committee of experts in international law will examine the constitutions of the two territories, and especially the obligations and implications of the Mandate, and ascertain what measure of “unification” is possible. Complete amalgamation is not at present expected; but it is certain that there will be some degree of amalgamation of the administrative services. There will be interchange of officers between the territories and exchange of experience.

A “P.1.M.” representative asked a high official whether the Government now would consider the establishment of a new principle—namely, that the best men of the trained services would be given preference in the making of major appointments. The answer was an emphatic “Yes”.

According to a report in Sydney “Sun”, November 27, Mr. Harrison said “it was necessary to develop an Australian Colonial Service”.

Problem Of Capital Site

2. —Subject to the report of the expert committee, it is proposed to have one administrative centre for the two Territories; and, in view of defence needs, and the desirability of a cool climate, a position on the inland plateaus of New Guinea is favoured.

Present indications are that Port Moresby (Papua) or Wau (New Guinea) is favoured; but many matters, especially the method of future Government, haVe to be considered first, and in the meantime the choice may be much widened.

The new Minister (Mr. Harrison) told the press on November 30 that there would be two advisory committees appointed—an expert legal committee, and another committee to deal generally with both the questions of the practical amalgamation of the administrations and the selection of a joint capital site for the two territories under unified control. That committee, which would probably be identical in personnel with that appointed about a year ago to select a new site for the New Guinea capital (Messrs. Griffiths, Thomas and Thornton) would be free to recommend any place in either Papua or New Guinea as the headquarters of an amalgamated administration.

Mr. Harrison added that the Ministrv was anxious to bring about a development of primary production in both territories. and he would call for reports from the administrators on the most effective means of doing that.

Mr. Harrison told Sydney “Sun” (Nov. 27) that an announcement will be made shortly of the granting by the Commonwealth Government of timber concessions for certain areas of New Guinea. “It is recognised that commencement of this industry will assist in stimulating development. This will be substantially aided by the building of the road from Salamaua to Wau, which will give an export outlet”.

Rabaul Will Not Be Future

CAPITAL 3. —The report of the vulcanologists, relative to the danger of another eruption at Rabaul, has been re-examined, and the decision to move the administrative establishment has been confirmed.

This decision cannot be given effect to for some little time; and, in the meantime, an observatory will be maintained on the edge of the volcanic ground at Rabaul, to give timely warning of an explosion, while good roads, and an efficient organisation, will be maintained for a quick get-away to the east and north, in the event of an eruption.

Salamaua And Lae

4.—ln the meantime, while an inquiry about “unified control” is proceeding, Salamaua is to be regarded as a “temporary capital”; and the Departments of Customs and of Public Works are to be moved there immediately.

This decision has been freely criticised, especially in Rabaul. It appears to some to have been taken in order to save the face of Mr. Hughes who, in defiance of expert advice and commonsense, selected Salamaua as the Territory’s new capital. It is pointed out, however, that Salamaua is bound to be the Territory’s chief port in the future, wherever the capital may be; and that the Customs Department should be at the chief port. There is to be a great (Continued on Page 14) 9 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

KAMB A L A

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School For Girls

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Kindergarten To

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MISS F. HAWTHORNE. B.A.

Kambala School

Rose Bay, Sydney

* A Matron : MISS M. COLLINS, A.T.N.A. ,4 KAMBALA" —ldeally situated in 5 acres of ground ... 5 Tennis Courts TROPICALITIES THE use of teleradio is spreading steadily throughout the Pacific Islands.

It is reported this month that the Government station at Mapamoiwa, Fergusson Island, Eastern Papua, has been provided with AW.A. teleradio equipment, which keeps the Assistant Resident Magistrate, Mr. F. A. Champion, in regular telephone communication with his headquarters through the Amalgamated Wireless station, at Samarai, 75 miles away.

The “P.1.M.” can claim that it had a good deal to do with bringing this useful “gadget” into general use in the Western Pacific. Seven years ago, we were urging that “here is the means of removing one of the greatest troubles of life in the Islands—the inability of an isolated official, planter or trader to quickly communicate with other Europeans, in an emergency”. * * * ON the bush track near the sea, I was startled by the sudden awful squeals of a pig.

Just around a bend, I found the cause and the instrument of the unholy row.

In the middle of the track, astride a large and agitated pig, was Zonglewara, an old ruffian from the hills, doing his utmost to tie a figure-of-eight knot in the protesting animal’s tail. Our island pigs have remarkably short tails, worn more for ornament than for any conceivably useful purpose—other, perhaps, than that of almost driving one mad with rage at the consequential twitch the brutes give the ridiculous thing, from side to side, as they leisurely retreat from the wreck of our garden. Zonglewara had but a small end to work upon. In fact, if there was to be a knot achieved, it would have to be a particularly tight knot—which was being gradually accomplished by sundry tugs and heaves, accompanied by agonised squeals.

The job was finished; the pair, much begrimed, arose; and Zonglewara, using a tow-line made fast to the pig’s hind leg, proceeded to steer his animal towards the sea by the simple expedient of slewing the pig’s stem in the direction in which he really wanted him to go.

Whereupon the pig, being a pig, instantly turned himself round and went the way required.

“But wait a bit, Zonglewara”, I said.

“This tail-knotting is new to me. What’s it all about?”

“Master”, replied Zonglewara, “woman belong me ’e tell it: ‘Time you go along salt water, Zonglewara, you go along store an’ you take it treepenny matches belong me’.

“Now, master, head belong me, sometime cranky little bit—might me forget matches. Now you look—me tie it tail belong pig. Ah! Time me look ’im pig, now me tink about matches!”—Marooned. * * * ON December 27, Sir Hubert Murray, Lieutenant-Governor of Papua, will be 77 years old. He still is actively in harness; in fact, such is his physical and mental vigour that, probably, he is twice as efficient at 77 as the majority of public servants half his age. He now is the doyen of Pacific administrators; and, in protecting a primitive people, and equipping them to meet and survive the impact of a ruthless European “civilisation”, none can equal his record.

The name of Hubert Murray, and the achievements of Australia in Papua, will be praised, long after the present generation has passed. Although Sir Hubert is a member of a family famous for genius, he does not appear to have employed in Papua any quality not possessed by many men. But he has been wise, far-seeing, very patient, and completely devoted to his duty. He acts frequently as an autocrat, taking bold decisions and expecting no one to question his will; but he works mainly through his men, whom he personally selects, studies and trains. His rule has been notable for two outstanding lines of policy: The protection, education and advancement of the Papuan natives (who regard bim partly as their father, and partly as God); and the development of the Territory by the encouragement of private enterprise. * * * WE have received a copy of the financial statement issued by the Melanesian Mission. Whatever may be one’s individual ideas about the value of missions in the South Seas—and opinions do vary—it can be said that an organisation which publishes its income and, more particularly, its expenditure, in such detail as is shown by the Melanesian Mission, deserves some such public commendation, at least. We congratulate the Bishop on producing such a detailed and simple statement —easily understood. and well set out. It is thus that confidence is maintained. * * * EARL AND COUNTESS BEATTY arrived in Apia, from American Samoa, by the U.S.S. “Ontario ”, on November 25, and settled down for a month’s stay in the Territory as guests of the Acting Administrator (Mr. A, C.

Turnbull) and Mrs. Turnbull. They will return to Pago Pago this month, and go on to Suva by the “Monterey”. He is the son of that famous Beatty who led the British battle-cruisers at the Battle of Jutland. 10 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Christmas Is. —British Oh American?

By Our Honolulu Corres pendent.

IN support of reports first published in the “P.1.M.” early in 1937, it seems that Christmas island, Britain’s mid-Pacific possession may be the next on America’s list of islands to be annexed, according to statements emanating from the Honolulu “annexation” office, which supervises the U.S. colonists upon Jarvis, Baker, Howland, Canton and Enderbury, the isles “annexed” since 1935 by America.

As a matter of fact, the local officials were surprised that Christmas was not “annexed” before Canton and Enderbury were in March, 1938, because for long they have been gathering all the material they can about Christmas in obedience to a blanket order from Washington.

Christmas, 1,250 miles south of Honolulu, to-day is occupied commercially by a French copra company with headquarters in Tahiti, under lease from a British company.

Sovereignty of the island has oeen claimed by Great Britain many times.

H.M.S. “Leith”, of the New Zealand division of the Royal Navy, visited Christmas in 1936, and a statement of British sovereignty was placed upon the island. In February, 1937, Mr. Oscar Barrack, a British radio operator of Suva, was placed on Christmas, where permanent quarters were established.

Regular daily radio schedules are maintained by this British outpost with Suva and Ocean Island. In July, 1937, Mr.

Barrack was replaced by Mr.

William Cowie, also of Suva.

Sovereignty of Christmas has been discussed between Washington and London.

America bases her claim to Christmas on the grounds that it was “re-discovered” by an American whaler in 1857, after British subjects had occupied it. Later, a U.S. warship formally announced American ownership; but, since then, British subjects again occupied the island and established to-day’s copra plantations.

Of course, Captain James Cook “discovered” the tropic island on Christmas Day, 1777 —the very day that George Washington and his army were complaining about the lean, wintry conditions at historic Valley Forge.

Not much can be added to the voluminous records of Christmas. It is a skilletshaped island 40 miles long, 740,000 acres (200,000 of them arable) in area, 70,000 coconut palms, countless undulating dunes, billions of hermit crabs, swarms of wild cats that have multiplied from the many wrecks in the island’s famed Bay of Wrecks. The Tahitians employed in the copra industry to-day live in a couple of villages called London and Paris, at the entrance to the great lagoon that is made to order for modern airboat purposes. There are several landplane areas, too.

First aviation possibilities of Christmas were expressed by the Australian aviator, Charles Ulm, who in 1934 dumped gasoline there in case he made an emergency landing at Christmas on his illfated attempt to fly from America to Australia.

Besides Mr. Cowie, other white inhabitants of Christmas are the plantation manager, Mr. Franta Jerabak, a Czechoslovakian, and his Austrian wife.

Significant fact about the American Top: Manager Jerabak’s home on Christmas Is.

Middle: Two of the women on Christmas. They are Tahitians, wives of the men employed on copra production.

Lower: Copra workers spreading their product for sun-drying.

Note fox terrier in foreground—one of many that keep the rats and wild cats on the move. 11 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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X/X “annexation” of Pacific islands is that all the islands so far “annexed” were generally recognised as belonging to Britain. This fact cannot be lost on Japan.

British Warship Busy In Central Pacific (Published in Melbourne Herald on November 26.) Considerable speculation has been aroused concerning the visit to Fiji and other Pacific Islands by the New Zealand cruiser “Leander”, carrying Commodore H. E. Horan, chief of the New Zealand Naval Staff and Major-General J. E.

Duigan, chief of the General Staff.

It is an unusal period of the year for a warship to cruise in the Pacific, particularly as it is believed that the “Leander’s” voyaging will take her into the hurricane zone.

The names of the islands to be visited have been kept secret, but it is stated that Apia, and the cable station on Fanning Island, will be included.

The cruiser arrived at Fiji on November 11. At the same time a senior Air Force officer arrived. The warship’s movements and the date of her return to Auckland are unknown. The “Leander’s” aeroplane has been very busy. It is reported that work has been started on building an aerodrome in Fiji.

Proceeding from Fiji to an unstated destination, the “Leander” took a surveyor, also a civil engineer. It is reported that they will be engaged in prelimmary work for the establishment of civil or military air bases at Christmas Island, or on other islands near the Equator.

The Fiji Government has chartered a motorship, it is believed for the purpose of transporting native labour to the islands.

There is considerable speculation whether Fiji will eventually be used as a naval or Air Force outpost in connection with the scheme of Pacific defence.

Although it may be only a coincidence, Fiji’s new governor was previously Lieutenant-Governor of Malta. He served as intelligence officer on the staff of Admiral Wemyss, was a political officer.

When H.M.S. “Leander” finally left Suva on November 7 she took with her Mr. C. Harlen, Staff Surveyor, of the Lands and Survey Department, and Mr.

R. B. Roberts, Junior Engineer, of the Public Works Department, together with a quantity of surveying equipment and supplies for several months. Their destination, says “Fiji Herald”, has not been revealed.

Administrator Of New

GUINEA THE Administrator of New Guinea, Sii Walter McNicoll, and Lady McNicoll, were guests of honour at the meeting of the Pacific Islands Club in Sydney on December 6. Other guests included Mr.

G. F. Collings, who described “Film Making in Tahiti”, and Mr. W. R. Humphreys, Resident Magistrate in Port Moresby.

Sir Walter McNicoll interestingly described his tour since he left Rabaul late in September on four months’ furlough.

He had been to the Philippines, Japan, China, Cambodia, the Malay States and he had returned to Sydney through the Dutch East Indies.

Sir Walter and Lady McNicoll will spend about a month in Australia before returning to New Guinea.

Mr. F. W. D. Dansey, who had spent nearly 30 years in Fiji, died in the Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, on November 15. For 10 years, until he retired in 1933, he was delivery clerk for the Union S.S. Co. at Suva.

Colonel Dix, accompanied by his wife and daughter, arrived in Sydney from Noumea, New Caledonia, by the November “Pierre Loti”. He is connected with the meat canning industry at Ouaco.

Rev. Leonard Hurst, London Missionary Society, secretary for Australia and New Zealand, departed from Sydney on November 19 by the “Orontes” to attend the International Missionary Conference now being held at Madras, India. He was accompanied by Pastor Julepi, of the Ronorono Native Institution, Beru, Gilbert and Ellice Group. Julepi is a Samoan chief of fine type, a big, impressive figure, dignified and regal in bearing: for 36 years he and his wife, Nei Sera, have been working in the Gilbert Islands as missionaries for the L.M.S. 12 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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About Islands People

Mr. J. Walker, who has completed his term of service with the Samoan Administration. departed from Apia for N.Z. by the December “Maui Pomare”.

Mr. H. E. Ellis, who was in Fiji for about 15 years, ten of which were spent in the service in the Health Department. died in Sydney in November, aged 43.

Mr. T. O’Dea, assistant manager of Guinea Airways Ltd.. Lae. New Guinea, reached Sydney by the “Macdhui” early in December.

Messrs. Loste and Andre Ballande, sons of the late Monsieur Louis Ballande, well-known in the French Pacific Islands, arrived at Noumea by the November “Pierre Loti” from Sydney to supervise the large stores of Etablissements Ballande in New Caledonia.

Mr. K, Hufnagel-Betham, who has spent many years in Western Samoa, chiefly in the Lands and Survey Department, has left the Territory. With his young daughter, Touselle, he sailed from Apia by the “Maui Pomare” on December 1 to join his wife and family in New Zealand.

Mr. Tom Pickering, wireless officer at Rarotonga. Cook Islands, died in Avarua Hospital on November 3, at the age of 29. He had contracted pneumonia when a scratch on his face developed into septicaemia, and the combination of these two proved fatal. Mr. Pickering, who left a widow and two children, was very popular both with Europeans and natives.

Dr. J. S. Cramer, of Sigatoka, Fiji, arrived in Auckland, N.Z.. by the “Mariposa” at the end of November, on a health trip.

Mr. Eugene O’Driscoll, an associate member of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists, has joined the staff of Papuan Apinaipi Co. He departed from Sydney for Pt. Moresby by the “Bulolo” on November 19.

Madame Maurice Gane, who recently arrived in the New Hebrides from France, died at Santo on November 14.

Mr. C. Lament, assistant master at the Suva Boys’ Grammar School, arrived in New Zealand from Fiji at the end of November. He has been in ill-health during recent months.

Rev. W. Bruce Gentle, B.A. (Syd. and Oxon.). of New South Wales, has been accepted by the Methodist Mission for service in Tonga.

Mr. W. Wiggle, of Messrs. Morris, Hedstrom Ltd., Apia, reached New Zealand from Samoa by the last “Matua”.

Miss M. M. Cleary, formerly Fijian Infant Welfare Nurse at Tailevu, Fiji, is at present in the United States where she will spend a year studying under a Rockefeller Foundation scholarship.

Rev. F. G. Lewis, of the Methodist Mission, Rabaul, New Guinea, arrived in Sydney with Mrs. Lewis by the “Macdhui” early in December to take up new duties in Australia.

Madame Lionel Laine (nee Helene Fanny Cheval), who was well-known in New Caledonia, died on November 4, at the age of 75.

Mr. William Tailby, Treasurer and Collector of Customs in the Cook Islands, has been transferred to Wellington, New Zealand. During his 15 years in the Group, he won the esteem and respect of all classes, and before leaving Rarotonga with his wife was tendered a number of farewell functions.

Doctor W. Dickie, a well-known surgeon in the north of England, left Sydney by the “Malaita” on November 26 for Pawa, Ugi, B.S.I., to pay a visit to the Melanesian Mission station, where his son, Rev. W. A.

Dickie, is engaged in mission work.

Mrs. M. Sanders was a passenger by the November “Malaita” for Marovo, Solomon Islands, after a short holiday in Sydney.

Mr. Sanders is an employee of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., at Marovo Lagoon.

Rev. H. Lawrence, who recently joined the staff of the Melanesian Mission, sailed from Sydney by the “Malaita” on November 26 for the Solomon Islands, where he will take up duties at Pawa mission station. 13 Pacific islands Mont HI y—D ecember 16, 19 3 8

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amount of public works (road-building, harbour improvement, etc.) in this district in the early future: and the Public Works Department may find the Salamaua location temporarily convenient.

It is now pretty clear that, between August and October, the chief officials, in both Canberra and Rabaul, thought that Lae would become the new capital of New Guinea, and they proceeded accordingly. Lae was the original choice of the Griffiths Committee; was rejected by the then Minister (Mr. Hughes) who, in association with the Administrator, chose Salamaua; and then, as the result of a sharp public outcry, the selection of Salamaua was abandoned.

While Mr. Hughes was still in the Territories Office, and dithering on the question of selecting a site other than Salamaua, the officials evidently thought they could save time and headaches by getting plans ready for a new town at Lae, which seemed the inevitable alternative. Hence the presence of surveyors at Lae.

The removal of Mr. Hughes, however, together with the introduction of a young and energetic Minister, and the belated recognition by Australia of her defence obligations, changed the whole picture. Quite another sort of capital is wanted, now; and the probability of Lae becoming the administrative centre of the Territory has faded into the background. It will only come forward again, as a rival of Wau and Salamaua, if “unified control” is found impracticable.

Fortification Of Pt. Moresby

5. —Pt. Moresby is to be fortified, and to become an “important air base and sub-naval base” for units of the Australian navy and air force. No details were given in the official announcement, published on December 7, except that, through Port Moresby, Australian defence will be linked with Britain and New Zealand.

It is unnecessary, here, to point out the importance of Papua, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, New Hebrides and Norfolk Island in the plan of Australian defence. Obviously, there should be an advanced base somewhere near Rabaul, as well as at Port Moresby: but the idealists who framed the mandate (at the end of “the war to end war”!) laid it down that a mandated country could not be used by the mandatory for any military purpose. This is a matter that will be closely examined by Australia’s team of legal experts, who are to advise on the future treatment of the mandate.

Ships and aeroplanes, based on Port Moresby, probably can look after the northern New Guinea mainland; but the more easterly parts of the mandated territory—New Ireland. Bougainville, etc. —cannot very easily be covered from

Ambrym Natives Fear

VOLCANO IT is reported in Sydney that natives on the island of Ambrym, in the New Hebrides, fearing a sudden eruption, have set a day and night watch near the crater of a volcano to warn the villagers below of danger from the lava flood.

Mr. D. Ferris, a Seventh Day Adventist missionary, in seven years has seen several of the eruptions, which are steadily eating up the natives’ land and forcing them to vacate the island. A few months ago, said Mr. Ferris, the volcano erupted at 5 p.m. one day and by daylight the stream of lava had flowed 12 miles to the seas. Two native villages in its path disappeared.

Mr. N. Proud, of Enterprise of New Guinea Gold and Petroleum Development N.L., returned to Wau from Australia by airliner in mid-November with his bride.

Mr. J. Costelloe, Assistant District Officer in the Morobe region, arrived in Sydney from New Guinea with his wife by the December “Macdhui”.

Mr. Hulbert, a recent arrival from New Zealand, has joined the staff of the Apia Post Office, Western Samoa.

New Policy for N.G. and Papua (Continued from Page 9).

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Port Moresby.

We therefore have this ridiculous position: Australia is being prepared for defence against an aggressive Asia, led by Japan. The spearhead of Japan’s southwards thrust is in the Marshall and Caroline Islands, only 1,500 miles north of Australian New Guinea. Although Japan holds those islands under the same sort of mandate as was given to Australia in respect of New Guinea, Japan is believed to be using the islands in connection with her naval and military plans—while Australia, considering herself bound by the mandate, refrains from placing in New Guinea certain counter-measures that really are vital to her defences.

Agricultural Council

6. —The appointment of an “Agricultural Council”, to foster the development of primary industries, and steps to “encourage the growing of tropical crops, timber-cutting and reafforestation”, and the encouragement of the oil search, are planned.

Wau-Salamaua Road

7. Regarding the Wau-Salamaua road, there has been no official pronouncement. But it is quite clear that the construction of the road is to be proceeded with. A final inspection of the alternative routes is being made, and a decision, and an announcement as to how the work will be done, is expected at any moment.

It is known that the men who now are formulating a bigger and wider developmental policy for New Guinea have been embarrassed by the road problem. Should they plan a road direct from Wau to Salamaua, for the benefit of the goldfields communities only; or a road by the longer route (Buangs or Markham Valley), which would serve also to provide communication up the Markham Valley and over onto the Hamu and Purari tablelands?

Meanwhile, the reconstruction and extension of the road up the Markham Valley, from Lae, has been proceeding vigorously, and some good country already is being opened up to settlement.

In this connection, it is worth noting, as described elsewhere, that a Queensland cattle-man already is on his way into this newly-opened region, with stock.

Parties of surveyors during the past four months have examined five different routes for the Wau-Salamaua road; at the and of November the Director of Public Works in New Guinea, Mr. C. R.

Field, and assistants proceeded from Rabaul to Salamaua, and started to walk over two or three of the alternative routes in order to make a final recommendation. It is understood that the party is giving particular attention to the Bitoi River route (which is the shortest) and to the Buangs route, which, while considerably longer, is thought to have fewer engineering difficulties.

On November 22, the New Guinea Mining Association, Wau, sent to the Australian Prime Minister a stronglyworded letter, protesting against: The continued delay in selecting the route for the road; the report that the Acting Administrator favoured the Buangs or Markham route instead of the short route via the Bitoi; urging that any generally developmental road should be built out of revenue, and not out of the funds now being provided by the goldfields community for cheap road transport; and suggesting that Australia take this road construction matter out of the hands of the N.G. Administration, and allow the mining interests .to build the road themselves.

Various Comment

“If we can get over the legal difficulties, amalgamation of the territories is the soundest course, the obvious thing for us to do”, said Sir Walter McNicoll to “Sydney Morning Herald”. “I have in the past pointed out the necessity of keeping not only New Guinea, but the string of islands extending from Papua through the Solomons to the New Hebrides. Many of these islands, with good harbours, should be semi-fortified and fitted as seaplane or warship bases, as the outer fringe of Australia’s defences”.

Referring to the proposal to develop Salamaua and Port Moresby as ports, with an inland capital for the administration of both Papua and New Guinea, Sir Walter McNicoll said that an inland capital was of military value.

“it would be futile to attempt to fortify these islands heavily”, said Sir Walter Carpenter, in Sydney, on December 7 - “because an enemy attacking force would be in such strength that such fortifications would not form an effective barrier to the approach of the enemy to tne maimana- “As bases for warships or submarines, 15 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ccember' 15, 1938

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For Prospectus apply Secretary:-R. T. PHELPS, F.A.A., TOOWOOMBA, QLD. however, they would serve a very valuable purpose. Many points, in addition to Port Moresby, might be used for this purpose. Such bases would greatly increase the mobility and efficiency of Australia’s and Britain’s naval forces. A strong naval force, collaborating with the British fleet based on Singapore, will deter any potential attacker”.

The use of Port Moresby as an advanced Australian defence base was vigorously advocated by Mr. White (late Minister for Customs), in a speech in the Commonwealth Parliament on November 25.

Can Australia Annex?

“Can Australia annex New Guinea?" was the substance of a question in the Australian Parliament by Mr. A. E.

Green on November 25.

“The mandatory has full power of administration and legislation over the territory as an integral portion of the Commonwealth”, replied the Minister (Mr. Harrison). “The consent of the Council of the League is a condition precedent to any modification of the terms of the mandate. The annexation by any mandatory power of mandated territory by unilateral action, would, however, be regarded as a breach of trust and of the conditions under which the mandate is held”.

That, of course, is the formal official viewpoint. The fact is that the League of Nations is a hollow and useless shell, and has no authority over mandatories, and no power to enforce its decisions.

Mr. H. L. Clarke, manager of Bay Loo Co. Ltd.. Rabaul, left Sydney for New Guinea by the December “Macdhui”.

TRANSPACIFIC? 74-Passenger Plane for Pan- American Airways ANEW Boeing aeroplane, with four engines, capable of carrying 74 passengers, was delivered to Pan-American Airways in San Francisco on December 9.

It was reported unofficially that “this plane may be used in 1939 between Honolulu and New Zealand—and possibly, between Honolulu and Sydney, in co-operation with the British Government”.

P.A.A. declined to make any statement. To understand the position, reference should be made to the article printed on page 40.

Mr. Harold Gatty, Pan-American Airways representative in New Zealand, was in Sydney in December, but h£ made no statement. There are indications, however, of interesting developments which may taring Pan-American Airways closer to the American Government and closer to British aviation interests. It seems certain that, eventually, Britain and the United States will provide for their Trans-Atlantic aviation needs by a policy of friendly co-operation.

No Beer Boycott

Letter to the Editor I HAVE read, with interest and indignation. an article in your issue of October headed “Beer Boycott”, and I feel incensed at the inaccuracies of your statement.

I am a financial member of the New Guinea Mining Association, and I have attended every meeting. There never has been any mention at any of these meetings of boycotting the W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd., interests and activities in Waii. How you arrive at this and other totally erroneous conclusions, is beyond my comprehension, and I can only conclude that your source of information is prejudiced, or extremely badly informed.

True, there has been some talk of a boycott of the hotels at Wau in unofficial circles, due to indignation against certain interests operating on the goldfields.

But the New Guinea Mining Association has issued no directions to its members as to their actions regarding same.

In common with the majority of goldfields residents, I feel that in fairness to our Association, this mis-statement on your part must be given publication.

I am, etc., JAMES WRIGHT.

Wpu, N.G. 19/11/’3B.

EDITORIAL NOTE: Mr. Wright's statement certainly is surprising. According to reports published in Australian newspapers, apparently from several sources, it appeared that the Mining Association conducted for several days, a very lively boycott of certain interests.

We are glad to have this assurance that the situation was not as • represented— it did not reflect creditably on the Wau community.

Mrs. Chas. Bentley, of Suva, left Sydney for Fiji by the November “Niagara” after a trip to Europe. She spent some time at Sydney visiting her niece.

Mrs. Allen Junes.

Mr. Max Harris, of the clerical staff of A. H. Bunting and Co., Samarai, returned to Panua after three months’ furlough in Sydney, by the December “Macdhui”.

Mr. D. W. D. Maxwell, of the Fiji Government Medical Department, is at present in the United Kingdom on leave. 16 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

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New Administrator

Greeted In Nauru

Prom a Special Correspondent NAURU, Nov. 14.

HIS Honour Lieut.-Colonel F. R.

Chalmers, C.M.G., D. 5.0., of St.

Helens, Tasmania, having taken over the office of Administrator from his predecessor, Commander Garsia, R.A.N. (ret’d.) at Canberra, arrived with his wife and four daughters on the island by the M.V. “Triadic”, via Ocean Island, on November 9.

There was a large attendance of Europeans and natives at Boat Harbour, where His Honour was met by all the officials of the Administration, as well as the executive staff of the British Phosphate Commission at Nauru; and Mrs.

Chalmers by the wives of the European staff of the Administration. Detachments of native police. Boy Scouts and Girl Guides paraded and were inspected by His Honour on arrival.

Lieut.-Colonel and Mrs. Chalmers met the European inhabitants of the island at an “At Home” as the residency, on Saturday afternoon, November 12.

Rt. Rev. Leonard S. Kempthorne, Bishop in Polynesia, left Fiji in mid-November by the “Larchbank” to visit the Tongan Group.

Mr. J. Merriman has joined the mechanical staff of the “Rabaul Times”. New Guinea, replacing Mr. A. McGowan, who recently left Rabaul for Queensland.

Nurse E. M. McKindlay reached Sydney from Fiji by the November “Niagara” to spend a year’s leave in Australia. She is attached to the staff of the Methodist Mission’s Hospital at Ba.

Nigger In The Unification

WOODPILE?

Papua Suspects New Guinea Goldfield of Dark and Dirty Designs Contributed By A Papua Resident THE project of amalgamation of Papua with the Mandated Territory, after being turned down twice, has appeared again. And this time we are told that it is official.

It comes supported by two rather specious arguments. The first is that, as a new capital has to be provided for New Guinea, a great deal of money would be saved by making Port Moresby the capital; but that, as P.M. is in Papua, amalgamation would be necessary before this could be done.

The second argument is that, since Hitler is anxious for the return of New Guinea, and as his winning personality seems to gain for him everything that he asks, there is danger that Papua’s twin sister may be torn from her and given oyer to Totalitarianism. To prevent this, N.G. should be incorporated with Papua, which, being a purely Australian colony, is safe from Hitler’s predatory claws.

These arguments may sound convincing to politicians and others who know little and care less about facts and conditions. But they are so wide open to criticism that old hands begin to look sceptically for the nigger in the woodpile.

He’s there, all right. The nigger is labour.

Native labour is becoming scarce in N.G. The biggest employer of labour is Gold; and, for some time past, Gold has found difficulty in attracting enough labour. A year or two ago an attempt was made to obtain labour from Papua.

The attempt failed, because Papua has no great surplus of potential labourers; and also because the Papuan Administration was not willing to permit the employment of Papuans in conditions which it was not able to control.

Java was the next objective. But Javanese labour, though plentiful, is not inexhaustible. The Netherlands have a vast programme of expansion and development in Netherlands New Guinea and Sumatra: and it is expected that the whole of the visible labour supply will be absorbed. Consequently, the emigration of Javanese labourers is prohibited except to countries where the traffic is established by custom.

Reference to the report of the New Guinea Planters’ Association for 1937-8 reveals the fact that “a serious shortage of native labour is becoming manifest throughout the Territory”. The report points out that the number of 18 Pacific islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, Iy3B

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Reply: ADVERTISER, Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, G.P.0., Sydney. labourers employed in various industries has increased by 55 per cent, in the last five years, and states that the question of imported labour must be considered by the Commonwealth Government.

So the thoughts of Gold turned again to Papua. Amalgamation would bring all labour in Papua and New Guinea under one control. That done, there could be no objection to Papuans working for wages on the New Guinea goldfields. Hence the present talk of amalgamation.

BUT the comfort and peace of mind of one industry will not compensate for the many evils that must accompany such a move.

We are told that it would be a much more economical arrangement. But would it? And we are told in the same breath that Civil Service salaries would be higher, and that better men would be attracted to it; which looks like an undeserved slur on two hard working services.

The Gold Companies, of course, are rich. They must have labour. They can afford to pay a rate of wages, and to give working and housing conditions, that no plantation or other industry could even consider. Papua is sparsely populated. Even the uncontrolled area of which we have heard such amazing things with regard to its density of population, proves to be but thinly peopled. Already, with the help of the oil-seeking companies, something like 90 per cent, of the estimated available supply has been absorbed. If the New Guinea goldfields are permitted to satisfy their needs from Papua’s meagre resources, then somebody must go short.

That “somebody” will be, in the first instance, the coconut planter. The rubber planter’s turn will come next; and soon every plantation in Papua will be starved out of existence. Once strangled, the planting industry is not likely to be revived; and agriculture, which is generally recognised as the mainstay of any country, must die in order that gold, an ephemeral product, may profit for a few years.

AS to any gain that is to be looked for in administrative method, there seems no likelihood, and but little hope, that such an object would be attained by amalgamation. Major Furhmann, of Australia House, has just told us that the wise men of Geneva are quite satisfied with the administration of New Guinea; and the administration of Papua is generally accepted as a model by those whose job it is to study such things. So why not leave well alone?

The deeper one looks into the question, the more devastating the project appears; at least, from the Papuan viewpoint.

Of course one may argue that the fittest must survive. And if Papua is not, through her assets and her position, fitted for survival, she must go under. But there are many who have a genuine affection for Australia’s first colony, and who would be unwilling to see it absorbed by its richer and more populous neighbour.

Although they would probably not admit it, old residents in Papua are proud of the admirable work that has been done by the Civil Service in the most trying conditions, and proud of their association with the men who have done it. For years, many of us have criticised them and quarrelled with them. We have advertised all their faults and sturdily denied their virtues. But through it all we have known that the beloved enemy would go far out of his way to help us in case of need; and we are most unwilling to see them compulsorily retired on a pension to make room for younger and less experienced men from elsewhere.

An old dog for a hard road. Papua has many problems that have ceased to trouble men who have been dealing with them for years, we have learned that they would trouble extremely the hardboiled politician who looks for a soft and well-paid job as Governor of the combined territories.

Further, we don’t want our labour laws altered to suit the view of any outside vested interest. After complaining of them for years. But it is certain that they really suit us very well. And we don’t want our land laws altered to conform with the less generous laws of New Guinea. Nor do we want the addea burden of taxation that is almost inevitable if amalgamation should become a fact.

IT seems highly probable that the majority of residents in New Guinea are as unwilling as we are to see amal- 19 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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At least, before the matter is carried any further, the European residents of both territories should be given an opportunity of expressing their opinion and their wishes. Whatever the preponderance of public opinion may be, it would surely be as well to know in advance whether the combination of two colonies with differing interests is likely to lead to general satisfaction or to discontent that can end only in disaster.

New Guinea Eager to Escape League Shackles By Gordon Thomas, Editor of “Rabaul Times”.

THIS is an age of mergers more especially in the commercial world.

Big companies with interests of a similar nature are merging, or establishing combines or tacit understandings of some description, in order to eliminate competition, overhead expenses, or both.

Nations are following their example.

Little wonder, then, that “mergitis” should extend to Australia: and that we hear of the suggested unification of the Administration staffs of New Guinea and Papua, with the possibility of Port Moresby becoming the capital of the United Administrations.

Strangely enough, public opinion in New Guinea does not appear to be opposed to such a union, notwithstanding the fact that in February, 1934, a motion was passed in the Legislative Council:— “That the Legislative Council is of opinion that the amalgamation or federation of the Territory of New Guinea with the Territory of Papua is not in the best interests of the Territory of New Guinea, and is strongly opposed to any action by the Commonwealth Government which may remove or interfere with the power of this Council to legislate in relation to matters affecting this Territory”.

The speeches by the members left little doubt as to their opinions.

What the feeling is in Papua I cannot say—though it is common knowledge that a certain jealousy exists between the two territories, due possibly to the more prosperous times experienced in New Guinea on the one hand, and the senior political position and more balanced administration which seem to prevail in Papua on the other hand.

There are some people in New Guinea who speak of Papua becoming a burden on the more prosperous Mandated Territory. To bear this out, they point to the difference in the surplus of the consolidated revenue accounts of the two territories; that of Papua for the three months ending September 30 was only £52, while New Guinea’s totalled £47,616.

Incidentally, for the same period in 1937 Papua’s was £17,317 and New Guinea’s £73,584. Certainly, an appreciable difference. On the other hand, it is more than likely that “overhead” expenses could be cut down in both territories, and the movement is definitely one in the right direction, when such aims as uniform administration staffs and defensive measures must be taken into account.

The question of the mandate, presumably, will come up and, perhaps, appear a stumbling block. It is time, though, that there came a show-down of the mandate question, and a change brought about in its legal status, eliminating the League of Nations from its role of Mother-in-law and allow the Fathers— the Allied and Associated Powers—full control and undivided supervision, casting off the restrictions which the League idealistically imposes on countries requiring development in an economic sense, which can go hand in hand with the moral and social evolution of the native inhabitants.

The League’s connection with Mandated Territories has been nothing but an imposition, retarding their normal development, making the task of the Mandatory Powers doubly difficult—requiring them, to a great extent, to stick their tongues in their cheeks and laud policies which they only half-heartedly approve.

New Guinea —comprising Papua and the Mandated Territory unshackled from the chains of the League, given Federal representation, a strong Administrator and a freedom from Canberra interference, would be the grandest country in the world. At any rate, in the* South Seas.

Rev. A. Freund, of the Neuendettelsau Mission Society (Lutheran), returned to his station at Awelkon, Siassi Island, New Guinea, at the end of November, after spending seven months’ leave in South Australia. He was accompanied by Mrs. rxeund. 20 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Pacific People

Mr. J. Millar, of the New Guinea District Services Department, has announced his engagement to Miss Jean Trudinger, of Rabaul.

Notes From Nauru

NAURU, Nov. 14.

ARRIVED by the “Triadic”, returning from leave in Australia, were Captain W. Preece (“Pop”), the popular harbour-master, and Mrs. Preece; and Mr R. B. Kirk, under-manager of the B.P.C. at Nauru, accompanied by Mrs.

Kirk and daughter.

It is understood that Dr. T. M. Clouston, Government Medical Officer, who proceeds on leave by next “Triaster”, intends to return for a further term to Nauru. Dr. Clouston, who has spent four years on the island, holds the golf championship cup for Nauru for 1938.

A one-sided display of fisticuffs between two Europeans: a rush of police to the Chinese compound, to quell a mild internal dispute which resulted in one Chinese casualty: the birth of a daughter to Mrs. Bill Bowen; a slight accident to the popular Don Bates, whose cycle collided with a native-driven car at night; the recent painful illness of Mr. George Nelson, of the junior engineering staff of the 8.P.C.; an afterthe-pictures party at the home of Mr. and Mrs. W. C. Groves to celebrate their wedding anniversary; and the usual round of bridge-afternoons amongst the women-folk: these complete the recent items of local news of interest.

Mr. G. Noack, of the Lutheran Mission, arrived in New Guinea in November by the “Macdhui” after furlough in Australia. Accompanied by his bride, he later went on to the Mission’s plantation at Gizerum.

Esala Delana, a Fijian native who has been in Australia most of this year doing deputation work for the Methodist Mission, returned to Suva by the “Niagara” from Sydney on November 24.

TOP. —Left: Mrs. H. T. B. Hall sailed from Sydney with her husband and child by the “Niagara” on November 24 for Suva, Fiji. Mr.

Hall will take up a position as veterinary surgeon with the Fiji Government. Right: Mr. J.

Reid, of Messrs. Rondahl Ltd., Rabaul, New Guinea, accompanied by his wife and young son Don, sailed from Sydney for the Mandated Territory by the “Bulolo” on November 19, after three months’ furlough in Sydney.

SECOND ROW.—Left: Mr. N. Kershaw, a draftsman with Oil Search Ltd., sailed from Sydney for Port Moresby, Papua, by the November “Bulolo”, after spending a month in Sydney. Right: Mrs. W T . G. Mitchell sailed from Sydney for Salamaua, New Guinea, by the last “Bulolo”, with her husband, who is manager in the Morobe District for Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd.

They spent three months’ furlough in Sydney.

THIRD ROW.—Left: Mrs. N. D. Bellchambers left Sydney for Suva, Fiji, by the “Niagara” on November 24, after four months’ holiday in Sydney. Mrs. Bellchambers proceeded to her home at Tavua, where tier husband is an engineer with Emperor Mines, Ltd. Right: Mr. H.

C. Maclean departed from Sydney for Suva, Fiji, by the November “Niagara” to join the staff of Burns Philp (S.S.) Co., Ltd.

BOTTOM ROW.—Left: Mr. A. K. Edwards, a geologist with Oil Search, Ltd., in the Sepik River District, New Guinea, arrived in Sydney recently. He later proceeded to Adelaide, where he is spending a short holiday. Right: Mr. E. G.

Jackson, of Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., New Guinea, reached Sydney recently by the “Macdhui”, and is at present spending three months’ furlough in Australia. 21 Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Subsidy To Burns

W Islands* n” Paciflc h^ PP ?i g o mail services Mr A d Tr b r-v £l2 ’ 6s4 v. Pe £ an u num? ” asked Mr. A. E. Green, who has become the watch-dog of Pacific Territories affairs in the Australian Parliament The Prime Minister reniieHagreement between the Commonwealth Government and Bums, Philp and Co Ltd. for the maintenance of shipping services to the Pacific Islands, which expired on March 31, 1937, provided for a subsidy payment at the rate of £44 000 per annum, to which the British Solomon Islands Protectorate contributed £3,000 per annum. The expenditure during 1937-38 was £40,346.

“A further agreement was made with the company, providing for the maintenance of the services for a period of six years and nine months from April 1 1937. That agreement requires a subsidy payment at the rate of £44,000 until December 31, 1938, or until a new vessel is employed in the Papua-New Guinea service, and thereafter the subsidy is to be at the rate of £52,500 per annum.

“The agreement also provides for a variation of subsidy in the event of variations in the rates of wages of the company s employees engaged in the maintenance of the services. Under that provision, additional payments were made inoo of the Deriod ended June 30, 1938, and an additional subsidy at the rate of £3,250 per annum is being paid from Jffiy i, 1938. The payment of such additional subsidy is to be reviewed in the event of further variations in the rates of wages”.

N.G. Goldfields' Dividend

A PLEASANT surprise for shareholders m New Guinea Goldfields, Limited was received in a circular on December 7, when it was announced that a divid|nd of 5% would be paid. As the shares of this company are now, and have been for many months, quoted at about 1/4 each, the dividend is equal to 20% on a recent investment.

The “P.1.M.” takes the opportunity of pointing out, with complacency, that on number of occasions it urged that N.G.G. shares at anything under 1/6 each were well worth the -attention of investors. The company has not been making sensational profits; but it has been making profits sufficient to pay a good return on the present value of its issued capital (which is now 5/- per share, having been written down from 20/- per share).

Tenders for New Guinea Timber Extended TENDERS for the purchase of a permit to cut and remove about 50,000- 000 super feet of Hoop and Klinkii pine and a similar quantity of cedar and other timbers from the Bulolo Valley.

New Guinea, which were to close on December 2. have been extended to March 10, 1939, to permit of those interested obtaining some knowledge of the conditions that would obtain following the Government’s decision to build the road from Wau to Salamaua. Mr. Harrison.

Minister for Territories, made the announcement on November 27.

Mr. Harrison said that the Government intended to adopt a plan of reafforestation in the Bulolo Valley, under which annual plantings would, in the course of 30 to 50 years, re-establish the forest progressively.

Mr. L. Morris, formerly on the staff of Islands Exploration Co. at Madang, New Guinea, has taken up duties at Pt.

Moresby, Papua, as accountant for both Islands Exploration Co. and Australian Petroleum Co. 22 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Samoan Attitude

To Germany

Fear of the Nazi Rule Prom Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 28.

OF late, a little Nazi propaganda has been active in the Territory, among Euronesians and natives, who are told that the return of German rule is imminent. This activity is insignificant, however, and has no apparent influence on the mass of the people of the Territory.

There are no German business interests now in Western Samoa. There are about a dozen German planters, who have leased plantations from the Government, There are only about 20 German white nationals. Though the 1936 census showed nearly 500 German nationals among the Euronesians, the large majority of these do not know the German language and have no ties with Germany.

The question may be asked; What would be the attitude of the population of Western Samoa, native and European, to a proposal to return the Territory to Germany?

It is interesting, in this regard, to recall the spontaneous offer of the Samoan representatives, the Fono of Faipule, during the recent European crisis, to supply a fighting force of 9,000 young Samoans, for service at home or overseas, coupled with an expression of sincere loyalty to the British flag.

Would Lose Privileges

Those sentiments were quite natural, considering that the New Zealand Government has granted the natives a large and liberal measure of self-government, which they very probably would lose under the rule of a Totalitarian State.

There is also apprehension as to the religious aspect of a return of Samoa to Germany under Nazi rule. It is feared that the beneficial influence of the missionary bodies, unhindered now under the liberal and tolerant New Zealand Administration, would be interfered with, and probably be replaced by some kind of Nazi or semi-pagan ideology.

The section which would be hardest hit by a Nazi Administration would be those of mixed blood, numbering over 3 000 Under Germany’s racial policy, this section, now enjoying equal political and economic rights with Europeans, would be discriminated against and lose their present privileges.

The position may be summarised by saying that Germans, and German-Samoans, are proud of their German blood; but thev definitely do not want to come under the power of the Nazis In the circumstances, it can be said that practically the whole of the European and native population of the Territory are strongly opposed to a return to German rule.

The right of self-determination should be applied, not only to German minorities in Europe, but also to any Territories claimed by Germany; and the Samoans consider that they are neither chattels nor slaves, to be handed over to a new owner or “protector” without being consulted in the matter. A plebiscite in Western Samoa probably would give a 95 per cent, majority against cession to Germany.

Mr. and Mrs. R. V. Kay left Samoa last month. Mr. Kay had completed a three-years’ term as Crown Solicitor and Commissioner of Labour. 23 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 193 ft

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The Numerous Princesses Of Tahiti

Explanation of a Curious Social Phenomenon Letter to the Editor WHEN— now full 10 years past—the writer came hither seeking (and finding) quiet and retirement after a strenuous career, clear up to man’s allotted span, he was surprised at the number of Princesses who roamed the streets of Papeete.

The absence of Princes was as remarkable. Possibly they hid themselves from public view through modesty. One only he saw—none could fail to see him — Prince Hinoi—for he was a huge man, head and shoulders towering above the tallest on the island, and of gigantic proportions.

It was natural enough to look into the matter for one’s own satisfaction. It took time, for one met with a very maze of contradictions and there were tomes to be secured and read.

The upshot was truly astonishing. Some —happily not all—based their claims upon the fact that they were the grandnieces of Queen Marau Salmon, the temporary consort of Pomare V. She had been a Queen for 13 years, and it was claimed that her nieces and grand-nieces and those yet to follow were princesses.

It is as if our English Queen, who was a Bowes-Lyon, bestowed upon all her Bowes-Lyon nieces and grand-nieces yet to come that same high rank; which, as Euclid would express it, is absurd.

Maybe, the temptation was too overpowering to be resisted. It was something to be a princess among the swarm here of the gentler sex. Tourists fell to it— especially, one regrets to say, Americans —it was not everyday that one dines and wines with a princess—nothing was too good for such a divinity. Some even seriously contemplated marriage, bearing off to their far off homes a live princess—to the astonishment and fearsome jealousy of their friends.

As to princes, it was not modesty that accounted for their absence, but plain commonsense. They knew the claim was preposterous. If the women chose to play the game, let them! It really hurt no one save the gullible tourist and if he was such an ignorant fool, let him pay the price.

But, to the writer, it does not appear in that light—it is abusing an honoured title and not “playing the game”. These self-termed princesses should stand on firmer ground. Charm, beauty and oft fine figure are theirs; pretence and affectation are but sand. Disillusionment is bound to come sooner or later and, with it, contumely and contempt by those deceived.

This careless handling of European titles was further pressed home to the writer by the abuse of the still higher title of “King”. There was talk —and there still appears to be talk —of one of Queen Pomare’s younger sons as “King of Moorea”. Kingship is synonymous with sovereignty. The sovereignty of Moorea was the Queen’s. If he was “King”, then Moorea had suddenly become a separate State from Tahiti. What he really was is what the first Pomare vainly tried to become upon Tahiti, the “Paramount Chief” —the leading chief of all. Makini became that on Moorea in Cook’s day; Teriitapunui was created that by his mother, the then Tahitian sovereign. He was, if one can coin the word, the Ari’i of the Ari’irahi, and the lesser Ari’i of Moorea. If there be a special word it is certainly not file equivalent of “King”, which implies territorial possession.

The Leeward Islands being separate States from Tahiti till the London Treaty of 1888 was abrogated, and France mastered them with arms, there were rightly both Kings and Queens thereon; but Moorea, since Mahini’s day, has been as it is to-day, an appenage to Tahiti. The misuse of the title is as if Princess Beatrice for long years past the “Governor” of the Isle of Wight (the small appenage to England off its south coast) was •Queen of the Isle of Wight”. There would be short shrift at Home if such a claim were made by ill-advised correspondents, much less talk.

It is surely high time that these flagrant perversions of titles should cease; and, if the writer is privileged to aid in some small measure in such good work, he is well repaid for his long and interesting research.

A thing which he has been long impressed with is that the (socially) upper grade of Tahitian half-castes have talked and talked to outsiders till they have lost in large measure the basic facts. In confusing themselves, they confuse their hearers. The writer long suffered, so he knows; and it has taken years of quiet perseverance to sift the wheat from the chaff. It was well worth the trouble, for Tahiti’s past is not inglorious—though it has dark spots and none darker than 25 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

The King’S School

(PARRAMATTA) N.S W. ■■■■ i : Extensive Modern Additions—New Class Rooms, Laboratories, Dormitories, Modern Swimming Pool.

Vacancies for 1939 Apply, THE HEADMASTER Next Term commences February Bth, 1939. those preceding the coming of the white man—despite the novelist, who grows eloquent on “the noble savage” of a dav now passed.

I am, etc., W. W. BOLTON.

Tahiti, 10/10/’3B. (This subject is also dealt with in a series of letters published on page 38 Ed.).

Mr. B. W. Bramell, former Commissioner for Native Affairs in Papua, where he served in the Public Service for over 20 years, died recently in Sydney from pneumonia. He was 71 years old. One of his sons, Mr. J. C. Bramell, is a Patrol Officer in the Papuan Administration, and is stationed at Lake Kutubu.

Sugar, Please!

The British-American Occupation of Canton Is.

From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Nov. 13.

THE publicity which “P.1.M.” has given to the joint British-U.S. occupation of Canton Island, a potential airways island in the Phoenix Group, is bearinginteresting fruit. For example: In the May issue, page 14, it was reported how Captain William Martin, of R.M.S. “Niagara”, obligingly dropped off some food at the island when the American residents were running low in their supply.

This was a good human-interest story which the U.S. press duly used; but it annoyed the U.S. departmental employees, who are responsible tor the victualing oi the American outpost on Canton.

But the score was evened. To-day’s mail brings an official note to this correspondent from the U.S. department, enclosing the copy of a radio message from the Britishers on Canton to the U.S. authorities. The message requests the Americans to secure certain lantern spare parts for the Britishers and, of course, to take them along on the next U.S. cruise to the Line Islands in about one month’s time.

But the British message ends; . also 50 pounds of sugar . . .”

With immense official satisfaction this message was passed on to me to-day.

However, my detached viewpoint is that it is a reflection upon both the U.S. and British authorities. Why should the British group appeal to America? Is the British Colonial Office running short of funds? If the Britishers want food, cannot it be sent up from Suva? Why can’t both Governments run their respective shows properly, or is America becoming the housekeeper for John Bull’s Pacific paradises?

If this sort of precedent-establishing goes much further, we’ll have the Aleutian islanders appealing for shipments of Fiji oranges, etc.!

Incidentally, both the British transpacific liners “Aorangi” and “Niagara” have been ordered to stand well off Canton. This is an insurance company stipulation. However, both liners continue to drop overboard food, magazines and other “luxuries” in passing the island, north and southbound. The British colonists have a navy whaler, and they sail out and pick up the parcels which are packed in watertight cans. The contents are shared with the Americans, of course.

Nov. 11 In Eastern Papua

From a Special Correspondent MISIMA, Nov. 26.

UNDER fine conditions —unusual in cloud-swept Misima —the first outof-doors ceremony ever held on the Island took place at 10.45 a.m. on Armistice Day, when a large proportion of the population flocked to the Government flagstaff to take part in the ceremony organised by the Returned Men of Misima.

In a hollow square formed of returned men, the general public, a choir from the Methodist Mission (Mrs. H. K. Bartlett), and a detachment of armed constables, a broadcast of the Service from Brisbane was followed. The facility was due to the courtesy of Mr. F. Lee, wireless manager in Misima. Over eleven beautiful wreaths were laid by the people in memory of dear ones who had fallen; and, as the “Last Post’’ rang out through the sunlit silence, it was a very impressive and long-to-be-remembered moment.

Dr. D. L. Pullen was largely responsible for the organisation, and Mrs.

Rentoul served a welcome cup of tea at the end of the ceremony to all ladies present.

The ex-soldiers present were: Messrs.

C. Le B. Brown, A. C. Rentoul, A. Le Boutillier. T. Bollinger, W. Munro, W.

Walton, F. Lee, R. A. Rurherfurd. G.

Brett, J. Murphy, E. Whitehouse, W.

Hellaby, P. J. McDonald, and D. L.

Pullen. ' Mr. Chet. Mayfield, dredgemaster of No. 5 dredge, Bulolo, New Guinea, who married Miss Wilde, of Wau, and went on a honeymoon trip to America, is returning to New Guinea with his wife, this month. 26 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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While you walk —he runs! He’s always on the go —burning up energy —and that energy has to be replaced! If it is not—then he droops into a state of dull, listless tiredness.

Your child needs extra nourishment to give him additional energy. Doctors recommend Horlicks because it supplies just the right amount of extra nourishment. Horlicks builds children up and helps them grow.

Give your child a cupful of Horlicks at bedtime, and another at mid-day. Then you’ll see a wonderful difference in him.

Make yours a Horlicks home from now on—and you’ll give your child real energy you’ll build him up to be a fine sturdy young man.

Ask your chemist or storekeeper to-day for a bottle of Horlicks (14y 2 oz. size costs 3/- in the main towns throughout the British Pacific Islands). orlic *ixejL 73 guards against

Night-Starvation

Bounties For

PLANTERS Position in New Guinea and Papua ALTHOUGH liberal bounties for a variety of products grown in Australia’s tropical territories have been provided since 1927, by the Commonwealth, planters in Papua and New Guinea (except cocoa producers, in very recent years) have not taken advantage of the offer to any marked extent.

Questions asked by Mr. A. E. Green in Parliament at Canberra in November brought the following replies from the new Minister for Territories (Mr. Harrison) .

Is the Papua and New Guinea Bounties Act, which provided for the expenditure of £25,000 per annum on the products of New Guinea and Papua, in force to December 31, 1938?

The Minister replied: The Papua and New Guinea Bounties Act 1937, makes provision for the payment of bounties on certain produce of manufacture on importation into the Commonwealth for home consumption for a period of ten years from January 1, 1938. The Act does not make any specific annual appropriation to cover the payment of the bounties.

Do the Estimates for the year 1938-39 provide for an extension of the bounties?

The Minister said that an amount of £2,000 is provided on the Estimates, 1938- 39, to cover the payment of bounties under the Act.

What are the primary products on which bounties have been paid, and how much has been paid on each item, to the end of the last financial year, for New Guinea and Papua?

The Minister replied: The Papua and New Guinea Bounties Act, 1926-1936, which was in operation for a period of 11 years from January 1, 1927, made provisions for the payment of bounties in a manner similar to that contained in the Papua and New Guinea Bounties Act 1937. From January 1, 1927, to June 30, 1938, the following bounties were paid: New Guinea —Cocoa beans, £11,764; nutmeg, £4. Papua—Cocoa beans, £2O; kapok, £l3; sisal fibre, £4O.

No Treasure

Search On Pacific Island NO treasure was found by Mr. J. W.

Wray, owner of the Auckland yacht “Ngataki”, on the lonely island of Suwarrow, in the Northern Cook Group, where a call was made recently to test a story of hidden wealth.

When the yacht left Auckland in August Mr. Wray said that, while he did not place much credence on the tale of a fortune awaiting discovery on Suwarrow, he intended to investigate reports which had come to him. To this end the “Ngataki” carried a number of kauri gum spears and several old German bayonets with which to probe the sands where the treasure was said to be buried. After the vessel’s departure, support for the belief that some old-time money or jewels had been hidden in the sands was forthcoming from several sources.

The “Ngtataki” arrived at Niue Island on October 31 from Suwarrow and the crew said no treasure had been found.

The “Ngataki” left Niue on November 2 for Vavau, in the Tongan Group. 27 Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y—D ecem b e r 15, 19 3$

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Telephone: FL 2641 Pololo Makes Annual Appearance in Samoa From Our Own Correspondent APIA, NOV. 21.

PALOLO, the mysterious sea worm which appears only once a year on the coasts of certain South Sea Islands and is a much sought delicacy for natives and Europeans, made its appearance in Samoa on Monday and Tuesday, November 14 and 15. Unfortunately, the supply was not as plentiful as usual, but the small offering was sold by native fishermen in the streets of Apia in record time.

Education And Protection For Fijians

New Governor, Greeted With Picturesque Ceremony, Outlines Official Policy Picturesque old-time ceremonies marked the first meeting between the new Governor of Fiji, Sir Harry Luke, and the Great Council of Chiefs, which took place at Somosomo, on the island of Taveuni, Fiji Group, at the end of October. His Excellency received a formal welcome from the natives; and, later, opened the proceedings of the Council in an address in which he dealt with native affairs generally.

OVER 4,000 natives were gathered in Somosomo town (capital of Cakaudrove province). There were the customary presentations of tabua (whale’s tooth), food, and the ceremonial preparation and presentation of kava, and much native dancing to celebrate the occasion.

When His Excellency came ashore from the motor vessel “Yanawai” there were 1,000 natives crouched respectful and silent on the beach. He was greeted with a loud “Tama” from the natives, and then proceeded along a carpet of tapa, which—in one piece—stretched some 300 yards from the beach to the Council house.

The Governor’s address to the natives supplied an admirable summary of the policy of the Government in regard to protection, education and advancement of the Fijian race.

All that he said, and addresses by the Chiefs (some in Fijian, and some in purest Oxford English) was listened to attentively by the great gathering in Somosomo, and —as the proceedings were broadcast by radio —by village gatherings of Fijians throughout the group.

The matter of raising the general standard of native education is receiving the consideration of the Government and the Director is taking steps to provide a system under which the pupils of the Queen Victoria School will be fitted to pass what are known as the Cambridge Local Examinations or their equivalent, said His Excellency.

I look to you chiefs to encourage parents to ensure the regular attendance of their children at school so that they may be the better fitted for the higher standards that are now being aimed at.

The matter of raising the age of primary school pupils from 14 to 18 years has been fully considered by Government, but no steps can be taken in this direction until an efficient schooling is available for the large majority of children from 14 to 16 years. I regret to find that there is a definite lack of properly trained teachers.

You must encourage your young men and women to enter the teaching profession, and it is necessary for you to supplement Government grants by providing your teachers with houses and gardens.

I am confident that the happiness and prosperity of the vast majority of Fijians is dependent upon their being successful agriculturists* and tradesmen; and it is the policy of Government to stress this important fact in the curriculum of all schools.

During April this year the Colonial Sugar Refining Company Limited, opened at Drasa, in the Lautoka district, its farm school for the training of Fijian youths in general farming and the cultivation of cane in particular. . . .

After the completion of their training the prospective farmers will be at liberty to choose whether they will farm sugar-cane (when they will obtain further guidance from the Company) or farm other crops independently of the Company.

The Governor said the conservation of the valuable native forests —especially

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I have said that your forests are valuable. They can, however, be made more valuable still and that is what the forest department is here to do for you. But trees do not grow in a day, nor can the forests of this Colony be examined and planned in a moment.

Government proposes to continue the training of Fijian youths in agriculture. In future the period of training will be three years. Improved allowances and conditions will be an additional attraction.

Apart from the demonstration farms established by the' Department of Agriculture. Government notes with approval the establishment of training farms by certain provinces, and the interest which the provinces have taken in general agriculture, is evident from the provincial votes. These provincial agricultural training farms have been started in Bua, Cakaudrove and Macuata in order to try to bridge the gap between the ages of 14 and 18. They are financed from provincial funds, and the men in charge are trained Native Agricultural Instructors.

On the subject of improving native health; My experts inform me that their efforts will be unavailing unless the Fijians, and in particular your women, give their whole-hearted support to the movement. I exhort you one and all to concentrate upon the preservation of your race.

The problem of tuberculosis among the Fijian continues to exercise the attention of Government. In the meantime a survey of the native areas has been begun with a view to determining the incidence of tuberculosis in the vil- Fijians on the verandah of a European country home, listening to the radio broadcast of the ceremonies at the opening of the Great Councilof Chiefs, at Somosomo, Taveunl. Three generation ago savage Fiji was known to the worldas “the Cannibal Isles’’ To-day these people are accepting education, becoming skilled agriculturists, and are competing with each other, by villages, for the installation of world-range radio receivers. 29 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Isle Of Rotuma

Curious Place in Central Polynesian History From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Nov. 19.

THE little island of Rotuma, north of Fiji Archipelago, was at one time closely allied to the islands of Central Polynesia.

The legends and traditions which, in the woof and warp of metaphor and mystical allegory interweave threads of the race, make repeated reference to that faraway isle.

The writer was honoured with the intimate friendship of a venerable scholar, a member of the Opoa clan of Ra’iatea, who passed away 10 years ago at the age of 94. Every now and again, as he recited the ancient poetry, there would be mention of Rotuma. and of heroes who came thence to the Leeward Islands. Neither of us could make much out of them; the allusions being too misty and fragmentary.

A fragment rescued by Rev. J. M.

Orsmond, tells of a high chief named Te Fatu who, at a remote period, came from Rotuma to Bora Bora, where he married a princess of that island. Together, they voyaged from island group to island group, negotiating alliances which were consolidated into the confederation of Te-Ao-Uri and Te-Ao-Tea. centred in Opoa, in Ra’iatea.

Such distant places as Rotuma and New Zealand are included in the roster of members of the confederation, but no mention is made of Samoa or Hawaii, although it is certain that voyages were made from Hawaii to the southern islands. presumably at the times of the great convocations of the alliance—held at stated occasions at Opoa—until the time of the quarrel between Te-Ao-Tea and Te-Ao-Uri, at Opoa. which broke up the confederation early in the fourteenth century.

All this implies that, distant though it was, and separated far from the other island groups, Rotuma was a place of great importance and its chiefs held high rank in the Councils of the confederation.

It would be interesting to know the fountainhead whence flowed the mana that gave precedence to this remote, insignificant island: assured unquestioned acceptance of a wanderer who bore a divine name no high chief of Central Polynesia dared assume; and sanctified the Marae Fare-Ura, constructed on Bora Bora, as a great national temple by virtue of its corner stone, brought from the principal Marae of Rotuma by Te- Fatu.

The remnants of ancient lore surviving in Central Polynesia give no clue.

Perhaps some hoary legend or fragment of archaic poetry, now reposing in the mind of an ancient in Rotuma itself, might enlighten us.

Mr. and Mrs. B. P. Jones left Sydney for Rabaul. New Guinea, by the November “Bulolo”, after spending three months’ holiday in Sydney. He is manager of the Rabaul Carrying Company.

Mr. J. D. Hathaway, a former resident of Fiji, died in Auckland, New Zealand, recently at the age of 82. Before he retired and left Fiji in 1912, he was for many years a member of the staff of Millar. Headdey and Co., of Levuka, and, later, Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd.

Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecemher 15, 1938

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Abuse Of Natives

CHARGED Measles Epidemic in T.N.G.

Letter to the Editor I WAS surprised to read in your issue of November 15, 1938, a letter headed “Unused Native Land in New Guinea”. I was not surprised at the tone taken by your correspondent, which is symptomatic, but that you should have published and so headlined the letter without first ascertaining the facts.

The land being seized was not “unused”, as you suggest. It is heavily planted with coconut trees and food gardens, and on the area marked out were two copra kilns and many native dwelling houses belonging to the people of Karavia and Ratavul. Had they been evicted, as was evidently intended, they would have starved, with the many families of eruption refugees who are living with them.

After futile complaints to the District Services Department, the natives took the only defence measure open to them, that of pulling out the survey pegs. This measure was not “inspired” by any European. but was agreed to after a meeting of chiefs and elders. For this action some seventy odd natives were charged and heavily fined by the Department of Native Affairs. One man was assaulted on his own ground by a Government official.

The natives thereupon drew up a petition signed by 582 native men and women pointing out that this land represents their sole means of livelihood, and that it had been planted up originally with coconuts by their parents under the advice of the German Governor, Dr.

Hahl. One copy of this petition went to the Acting Administrator and one copy to the Prime Minister of Australia. On representations made by myself the savage fines were reduced by 80 and 90 per cent. Canberra has promised an inquiry.

Your correspondent states that “tens of thousands” of acres in this district are lying idle. Where? No one else knows of it. He also says that there are areas of bearing coconuts in the vicinity without owners. Again I ask, where? The natives of the district have never heard of these coconuts.

Your correspondent refers to the worthy purpose of erecting a native hospital. The natives point out that this hospital can be better established on nearby European plantation land, without the need for dispossessing or starving anyone.

It seems strange that this solicitude for native health has not taken more practical form in attempting to halt the terrible measles epidemic that for months has been sweeping through the villages, taking an enormous toll of life. One had hoped that prompt measures would have been taken to quarantine the sufferers at the beginning.

In conclusion, as an old Fleet Street man, I protest against any reputable journal publicly accusing another of “lies and exaggeration”, without taking reasonable pains to ascertain the full facts’’.

I am, etc., THOMAS VALENTINE WALLACE.

New Britain. December 1, 1938.

The Polynesian Club

THE guest of honour at the Polynesian Club’s gathering on November 22 was a young Tongan theological student, Paula Kongaika, a kinsman of the Queen of Tonga. He since has returned to Tonga, after representing his country at the World Methodist Conference in Melbourne. Among Islands visitors were: Mrs. Lembcke, niece of the Fa’atonu, Taisi (O. F. Nelson) of Samoa; Miss Mann, of Tonga; Mrs. Lamacraft, of Tonga: Mr. and Mrs. Freddy Gosnell, recent arrivals from Suva; Miss Minna Raynton, of Auckland, whose mother was one of the well known Richelman family, of Tonga; Mrs. Edward Gosnell, who has just returned from a long holiday in Fiji. The Samoan “tauoluga” was danced by the guest of honour, with the chieftainess (Mrs. Missen-Garrett, of Rotuma). Mrs. Gosnell and Mr. Fred.

Gosnell, and Mr. Richard Hahn.

The Polynesian Club will soon feature a new and unusual form of entertainment, when the members inaugurate their Little Theatre movement. Polynesian stories and legends will be presented in drama form, as well as other kinds of playlet. The first playlets to be presented will be: “The Bitter Taro’’, a legend of Maui and fire-making, written by the president (Mr. Moran); “The Singing Post’’, a Maori story, adapted by Miss L. Waugh; “Dontaro Dono”, a comic interlude from the Japanese.

Mr. W. T. Martin, Assistant Comptroller of Customs in Sierra Leone, a British protectorate on the west coast of Africa, has been appointed Comptroller of Customs in Fiji in succession to Mr. J. M.

Wilson, who has retired. Mr. Martin is expected to arrive in the Colony in April next. 31 Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y—D ecember 15, 1938

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A Samoan Boxer

From Our Own Correspondent.

T___ . APIA, Nov. 17.

HE heavyweight boxing champion of Western Samoa was recently presented with the belt he won in this year’s contest. He is A. Schmidt, a hefty 25-years-old Euronesian, a native of the island of Savaii. He is 6ft. Oiin tall, and weighs 1901bs. The accompanying photograph shows him (wearing the championship belt) and (left) his training manager, Mr. A. Philipp, who is the heavyweight-lifting champion of Samoa, and a member of the Samoan Police Force.

The Western Samoan champion is open to receive challenges from the Islands, New Zealand and Australia.

New Bank Building For

SUVA From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, NOV. 14.

WHEN the new building for the Bank of New South Wales is completed it will be one of the finest structures in Suva. Work was commenced in October.

The building, designed in modern style, is to be constructed of reinforced concrete on pile foundations, the external elevations being finished with tinted cement and a glazed terracotta base course. The public accommodation will be very commodious, a special feature being the travel department. The banking premises will occupy the whole of the ground floor, together with a portion of the first floor. The remaining first floor area of over 5,000 sq. ft., will be divided into offices to let.

A notice in the New Guinea Gazette states that, unless cause to the contrary can be shown, Morobe Alluvials, N.L., which was registered in the Territory in September. 1935, will be struck off the list of N.G. mining companies in January. 32 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Nature Of The

MANDATES League Has No Authority to Transfer or Cancel THERE seems still to be considerable contusion concerning the terms under which the Dominions of Great Britain hold the mandated territories of New Guinea and Western Samoa.

The then Australian Minister for Territories (Mr. Hughes) on November 4, was asked a question about it. He replied: “The question is similar to one put by the Leader of the Opposition on 14th October last, which was — "Will the Prime Minister state whether the Government subscribes to the substance of the statement by the Minister for External Affairs (Mr. Hughes) which appeared in the press of the 10th October, 1938, in reference to the Mandated Territory of New Guinea?’

"The reply given by the Prime Minister was as follows: — " ‘The principle underlying the statement made by the Minister for External Affairs is in accord with the views and policy of the Government in connection with the mandate held by Australia.’

"For your information I may add that, summarised, my statement oi 10th October was to the effect that Australia was given the mandate of New Guinea by the allied and associated powers to whom Germany, under Article 119 of the Versailles Peace Treaty, surrendered all its overseas possessions. The surrender was absolute. Our mandate is not limited in time but, subject to one condition, is held as an integral part of the Commonwealth.

The condition is that we are to govern the territory not for the purpose of selfish exploitation, but in the interests of the native population. This condition we have religiously observed. The suggestion that we should relinquish the mandate cannot be seriously entertained. Apart from all else, strategic reasons make this impossible.”

MR. HERBERT G. WILLIAMS, British M.P., former Parliamentary Secretary to the British Board of Trade, in an article recently published, said:— "It is believed in many quarters that those Territories (Tanganyika, British Togoland and British Cameroons) as well as the other Mandated Territories controlled by South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, France, Belgium and Portugal, belong to the League of Nations and that the government of the Territories was entrusted to the respective Mandatory Powers by the League.

“This is a complete delusion.

"The facts of the case are that in Article 119 of the Peace Treaty of Versailles Germany renounced all her rights and titles to her overseas possessions in favour of the principal Allied and Associated Powers —Belgium, France, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.

"These Powers in turn decided to which countries the various surrendered Territories should be transferred: the transfer was a permanent one, but was made subject to certain conditions.

“It was laid down that the administration of the Territories should be subject to certain restrictions designed to safeguard the natives and designed also to avoid discrimination by the Mandatory Power against the interests of other nations.

“Many people seem to think that the Mandate is the authority for the control and government of the Territories; it is nothing of the kind, it is merely a list or rules for the purpose of achieving the objects indicated above.

“It was part of the whole scheme that after the transfer of the Territories had been effected the Mandatory Power was to draft the Mandate and to submit it to the League of Nations for approval.

“The process of preparing the Mandates was, in fact, a lengthy process, and in many cases we had been several years in complete control of the Territories before the Mandate was finally settled.” (The first clauses respectively in the Mandates of New Guinea and Western Samoa bear out Mr. Williams’ contention. They read: “Whereas, by Article 119 of the Treaty of Peace with Germany . . . Germany renounced in favour of the principal Allied and Associated Powers all her rights over her oversea possessions ...” and “whereas the principal Allied and Associated Powers agreed that, in accordance with Article 22, Part 1 (covenant of League of Nations) of the said Treaty, a Mandate should be conferred upon His Britannic Majesty ...” There can be no argument there about the derivation of authority.

The League of Nations did not confer the mandate, and has no power to cancel or transfer it.) Ratu Tiale Vuiyasawa, Roko Tui Ra, has been appointed a member of the Fiji Legislative Council. He fills the vacancy caused by the death of Ratu P.

Veli, Roko Tui Macuata. 33 Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y—D ecember 15, 1938

WANTED Regular supplies of Used Pacific Island stamps. All Coronations, Jubilees, Airmails and ordinary issues wanted. Best prices paid. Submit stamps or details to: W. HORNADGE, Catherine Hill Bay, N.S.W., Australia.

READ THE B.P. MAGAZINE

Summer Number

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Mr. J. N. Marshall, formerly of Oil Search Ltd., Wewak. New Guinea, has joined the staff of Australasian Petroleum Company as commercial superintendent.

Mr. A. E. Osborne, officer in charge of the Tulagi radio station. British Solomon Islands, reached Sydney on leave with his wife by the last “Malaita”.

The Romance Of Bulolo

And Some of the Men Who Have Transformed New Guinea

By R. W. Robson

I HAVE before me the annual report of the directors of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., dated October 18, 1938.

It is said that nowadays there is no romance in commerce and little, if any. reward for the bold adventurer. I wish others could see the sequence of events which I visualise behind the cold print and prosaic figures of this balance sheet.

Let us first glance at the statistics.

It is shown that Bulolo Gold Dredging, in the year under review, operating six dredges in New Guinea, won gold worth 4,730,000 American dollars. The profit out of that amount, after putting aside 322,600 dollars for amortization, and large sums for other purposes, was 3,453.- 000 dollars. The total subscribed capital is five million dollars, on which they paid a dividend equal to 60 per cent.!

The Amortization Fund (in other words, an insurance for the return of capital when the gold field is worked out) already is 1,420,000 dollars.

What a Golconda! And how did all this happen?

WE find the beginning of the story sitting under a native-built shelter, at a small inlet called Morobe. on the shores of the Huon Gulf, New Guinea, in the year 1923. He has been listening to news brought to him by primitive natives, who still are standing by attentively: but he now is gazing thoughtfully out over the misty, sun-drenched sea.

He is Cecil J.

Levien, District Officer at Morobe.

He spoke to the natives again and questioned them in The late Cecil j. Levie „. a mixture of Pidgin and native dialect. “You say that those white men up there are getting gold?” was the burden of his question. The reply of the natives was emphatically affirmative.

Levien turned and stared at the gloomy, blue-black mountains towering behind him, already half hidden in the mid-day mists. “I knew it”, he said to himself. “I seem to have known it always. There is a great goldfield up there, and Shark-eye and Nettleton have found it. I cannot miss this chance”.

“Sharkeye” Park found the gold in Koranga Creek in 1921, and he and Nettleton followed it up into Edie Creek.

The news trickled out, and in 1922-3 a stream of hard-boiled Australian prospectors trickled in.

Never did men undertake a more hazardous journey. They were dumped on the beach at Salamaua (a few miles north of Morobe), and then they had to make their way through filthy, malarious swamps, over mountains of incredible steepness, and through jungles into which the sun never penetrated, and where head-hunters and cannibals were waiting always to pick off the unprotected and the unwary.

From Salamaua to Edie Creek is only 50 miles, as the aeroplane now flies; but, in those days, the Australian goldseekers, with their teams of native carriers. found three weeks too short in which to do the frightful journey.

YET, at the end of 1923, when Levien —then a man over 50 —resigned his Government position and followed the first prospectors into the inhospitable 34 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Mule tracks? You must understand that this country was so rugged and precipitous that it was not possible even to establish a mule-transport system.

Levien, like the others, found gold— incredible quantities of gold—lying in the crannies and eddies of the creeks, just waiting to be scratched out. The cost was great, and the effort was ghastly, but those men who could stand up to it and fight off fever and madness, pneumonia and natives, made fortunes — and got out of the country as quickly as they could.

But not Levien—a Jew, with the clear, shrewd vision of his race. He climbed on to the hilltops around Koranga Creek, and he saw how the Koranga and Edie and other creeks poured down into the Bulolo River; and how the Bulolo, after thrusting itself through a series of gorges, spread out into wide flats.

It follows, reasoned Levien, that in the course of the ages, the Bulolo River has carried down enormous quantities of gold and sifted them out over those flats. Dredges!

He talked to some of the prospectors, and they laughed at him. They admitted that the flats might be worth dredging—but how, in the name of common sense, would anyone get dredges into that incredible country. They could be brought by ships to the coast, 45 miles away; but between the coast and the Bulolo flats there were ramparts of mountains which need to be seen to be believed. Roads? It would take years to build a road over such country.

Levien would not give up.

“Aeroplanes”, said he; and they laughed again. Imagine anyone in his senses bringing aeroplanes into such frightful country, under the blistering conditions of the tropics. Besides, how could the bulky, heavy dredging machinery be carried in aeroplanes?

But this strange, indomitable Levien would not “go quietly”. He believed that the Edie Creek-Bulolo goldfield wa£ enormously rich; but he realised, also, that owing to the great natural difficulties, it could not be profitably worked except on a big scale, by companies with big resources.

Levien knew no wealthy companies. He was just an inconspicuous individual, with great faith in himself and in an idea.

WHERE to get finance? And so he bethought himself of two wartime friends. He, Levien, C. V. T. Wells and W. P. A. Lapthorne were young officers together in the great war. When he went to New Guinea, they entered business modestly in Australia. He wrote to Wells, urging his great plan, and begging their co-operation. He did not talk A snapshot in 1936, when some of the directors of Guinea Airways, Ltd., flew to New Guinea in the company’s new Lockheed aeroplane, at a speed of over 200 miles per hour. Left to right; Mr. W.

P. A. Lapthorne, Mr. T.

O’Dea (pilot), and Mr. C. V.

T. Wells. 35 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

25 YEARS OF SERVICE William E. Reed (Established 1913)

Broker & Agent

Union House, 247 George St., Sydney For all Plantation and Trading Requirements. Enquiries welcome.

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CHRISTMAS PUDDINGS in hundreds or thousands, but in millions - -figures big enough to scare off most people. But he did not scare Wells and Lapthorne.

It was a heartbreaking task at first.

All the men whom Wells interviewed dismissed him and Levien as dreamers of dreams. Wells was almost in despair, when he was joined by Lapthorne, who also believed in Levien; and then a kind providence brought them into contact with George Jeffrey, of Adelaide an older man. but one with a young heart and a mind capable of appreciating visions. Jeffrey decided to help them. It is a long story—told at some length in lon Idriess’s book, “Gold Dust and Ashes”.

Suffice it to say, here, that Wells, Lapthorne and Jeffrey got behind Levien in his amazing plan to dig the gold out of the Bulolo flats, amid the mountains of New Guinea, with dredges carried in aeroplanes. Guinea Gold N.L. was formed, and it took over the leases in the Bulolo Valley. Then came into the picture an expert group—Engineer L V Waterhouse, Charles A. Banks, Frank W. Griffin and W. Addison Freeman.

They added technical knowledge to vision, and the enterprise began to take shape.

Placer Development Ltd. was formed by Waterhouse and associates to further explore the possibilities. Placer Development formed Bulolo Gold Dredging Co. as an operating company. Guinea Airways was formed to undertake transport.

The capital of the group was largely British and Australian, with some American: but the technique was almost wholly American; and therein, apparently, lay the secret of phenomenal success.

The whole proposition was most carefully examined, surveyed and calculated.

Dredges were planned to be built in such a way that the heaviest part would not exceed 3i tons (the largest load taken by the largest aeroplane employed). Hydro-electric stations were planned to sit astride the swift-rushing streams and supply the dredges and an the European communities to come, wnn light and power. Aerodromes were planned in suitable places; a port was planned at Lae with a great aerodrome, and aviation work-shops, at the back of it.

Aeroplanes were planned to fly over those hideous mountains with all kinds of loads, in all kinds of weather.

That planning was something about which one might well become lyrical. It was all laid out, step by step, like a vast military campaign. The Bulolo flats were drilled from end to end, so that the engineers knew exactly what each stratum contained', at varying depths.

Certain dredges were to commence work on a certain day, and each dredge was to recover so much gold per week. At a certain date, years hence, a certain dredge would finish working out a certain bit of territory, and would be moved to another part of the valley. Costs would be so-and-so, and profits, each year, exactly so-and-so.

AND it all worked. Everything clicked into place, like the last girders in the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Seeing that the whole scheme had to be carved out of primitive jungle, and that all necessities, from matches to sawmills, had to be transported by an untested aeroplane service, this probably is one of the most remarkable gold enterprises in the history of the world — a magnificent achievement in planning and in performance.

It seems to me that, over it all, lies always the shadow of a tragedy. The faith of C. J. Levien literally moved mountains. His genius was the spirit which set this vast development in progress—and thus altered the history of New Guinea and, it may be, the history of the Western Pacific. But Levien, worn out by his mighty efforts in the primitive Morobe jungles, died in 1932, just when the magnificent plan was coming into operation and beginning to bear rich fruit.

They say of Wren that St. Paul’s Cathedral is his eternal monument— that he cannot die while that magnificent edifice remains. In a more modest way, the friends of Levien can claim that, while the gold industry is changing primitive and inhospitable Morobe into a white man’s country, and while Guinea Gold, N.L., Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., Placer Development Ltd., and Guinea Airways Ltd. continue to cut a wide swathe in commerce and finance, the memory of Levien and the visions he cherished will never fade.

So, behind the cold type of this 1938 balance-sheet, there are the colours of romance and the thrill of adventure. To me, a writer who likes to praise orderliness and achievement, the story of B. G. D. always gives pleasure.

But I wish that Levien had lived to see Wau, and Bulolo, arid Bulwa, and those seven dredges, and the two great hydroelectric stations, and that fleet of aeroplanes, running to a timetable like railway trains, carrying freight and passengers all over New Guinea.

LOOKING over the picture, I feel that it is incomplete, unless I bring one figure into greater prominence—that of C. V. T. Wells, of Adelaide. The good Lord knows, it is not easy, for there never was a man so quick and determined in dodging the limelight. But the fact is that much of the smoothness of the preliminary success of B.G.D. in New Guinea, stands to the credit of “C.V.T.”.

He is an extraordinary mixture of a man. One side of him is adventurous and bold to the point of rashness—haying decided to take a risk, he backs his opinion with all he’s got. The other side 36 Pacific Islands Monthl y—l) ecember 15, 1938

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Bankers; Bank of New South Wales. CORRESPONDENCE IN ENGLISH. FRENCH AND GERMAN of him is canny, cautious and calculating —the side that demands clear-cut and long-range planning, backed by decimal points and algebraic measurements.

It was not enough that Wells and his friends should back Levien. Their initial interests, as pioneers and planners, could easily have been swallowed up in the great developments necessary, if the Levien vision was to have substance and a name. All the successive steps, from Levien to Guinea Gold, and from Guinea Gold to Placer and to Guinea Airways were taken under the vigilant eye of C. V. T.; and thenceforward the whole plan went forward without argument or friction. It is easy to say that, if there had been no Levien, there would have been no Bulolo. But it is equally certain that, if there had been no Wells, the Morobe goldfield might easily have been a vastly different and much less profitable enterprise.

Wells, perhaps, was lucky in contacting clear thinkers and quick-handed executives like Waterhouse and Co. But the latter were lucky in having to deal with a man like Wells, who can appreciate neatness, efficiency and a definite purpose.

Wells stays quietly in the background, as chairman of Guinea Gold, N.L.. and Guinea Airways Ltd. If I were king. I would dig him out of the obscurity of Adelaide, and appoint him Administrator of the New Guinea end of the Mandated Territory. I would bet that he would make such a good job of it that Japan would suffer a perpetual pain in the neck.

The men who set Guinea Gold and Placer and Bulolo Gold Dredging into operation are still at the helm. They long ago must have earned the wherewithal to retire; but it is the fascination of achievement, rather than its fruits, which holds them on the job.

Waterhouse and Banks are just back from New Guinea, after seeing the new deep-digging dredges coming into operation; while Freeman and Griffin, not content with their phenomenal gold success, have gone into oil. They were the men instrumental in forming and launching the new “headache powder”— A.P.C., or Australian Petroleum Co. Pty.

Ltd., which already has started to spend £lOO,OOO or so on the search for oil in Papua and New Guinea. Lapthorne. at this moment, is away in Java, making plans, as one of an Adelaide syndicate, to build a great hotel in Darwin, and take steps to start worth-while development in the Northern Territory.

A future generation, looking over the history of Australia’s tropical territories, will call them “men of vision and eenius”, and may put up statues in their honour. The present generation, seeing nothing except their success and their nrofits, calls them “bloody monopolists”!

It was ever thus.

Hon. S. Smith, Treasurer of Papua, is soendine four months’ vacation leave in Australia.

Death In Jarvis Garrison

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Nov. 13.

THE first death in connection with the American occupation in recent years of mid-Pacific Islands occurred on October 8, when Carl Kahelewai, a Hawaiian, died from peritonitis aboard the U.S. coastguard cutter “Roger B. Taney”, which was making a full-speed dash from Jarvis Island to Honolulu with the stricken youth.

Authorities in Hawaii were notified that the youth was ill and until the cutter reached Jarvis treatment advice was given to Kahelewai’s three companions by radio. Once aboard the cutter the 21-year-old youth seemed easier, and it was decided to delay operating until arrival in Honolulu. The death occurred two days out of Honolulu.

Friends of the late Rev. George Downton, who was on the staff of the New Guinea Mission in Papua for some time, and for many years A.B.M. Secretary in Victoria, have proposed that there be a memorial to his life and work in the new Cathedral at Dogura, Papua.

The Bishop of New Guinea approves of this suggestion, and has mentioned a window in the St. Peter’s tower. Such a memorial would be very fitting, and would correspond to the window in the St. Paul’s tower in memory of Miss Ethel King, who also occupied a prominent place for so long in connection with the work of A.B.M. It is estimated that the cost would be about £5O. 37 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Kings and Princes in Tahiti Who Have The Right to Name and Titles?

Letter to the Editor WHEN reading the August issue of your excellent journal we found on page 34 a letter of most extraordinary character, addressed to the Editor and signed by Tamatoa Brander Pomare and Pomateao Salmon Pomare.

We presume these signatures represent Monsieur Tamatoa Brander and Madame Pomateao Salmon Stevenson (nee Salmon).

Knowing these charming young people as we do, we do not believe either of them wrote the letter to which the above signatures are attached. Under no circumstances could we imagine them departing so far from the canons of good taste and good breeding as to have written the last two paragraphs of that letter.

Whoever did write it exhibits an amazing ignorance of heraldry, French law, Tahitian custom and the facts.

The surname Pomare is legitimately borne by but two people of that generation: Princess Teriinui-o-Tahiti, the daughter of the late King Pomare V., and Prince Ariipaea. the only surviving son of Prince Teriihinoiatua —the nephew and adopted son of King Pomare V.

Princess Teriinui-o-Tahiti is unmarried.

Prince Ariipaea Pomare has a large family of sons and daughters, who inherit the name Pomare, and through them alone the name Pomare will be perpetuated.

Madame Pomateao Salmon Stevenson is given the title of Princess by courtesy only.

Monsieur Tamatoa Brander has never claimed nor ever received the title of Prince.

The writer of the letter is trying to bring again to lifp a lost cause, which had better be left decently buried with the individuals who initiated and carried it on during nearly fifty years.

Mr. Bolton’s essay on the Pomare family, in the April "P.1.M.”, is sustained by the records and the facts. It is accurate in every particular.

I am, etc., VERITAS.

Tahiti, 9/10/1938.

Pomares Of Tahiti And

Heraldic Law

Letter to the Editor FOR the sake of historical accuracy, I seek space to further elucidate the article you kindly published on the Pomares of Tahiti.

The Pomare family and the Pomare surname must not be confused. Queen Pomare’s three grand-daughters (there were five, but two died in childhood, as well as a brother) married as follows: Vaetua married a Brander, whose mother was a Salmon; Navahoroa married two Salmons; Maevarua married her cousin, Hinoi Pomare. Hence, the children of the first two named lost the surname but, of course, were members of the Royal Family, as are their children in turn to-day. The tacking on of a family surname to that of the father is an anomaly unheard of anywhere, to the writer’s knowledge, and gives an unfortunate sense of affectation.

The titles “Prince” and “Princess”, borrowed from Europe, are of necessity governed by the laws of heraldry, and, if used elsewhere in place of native names, such as Arii, must needs conform thereto. A leading law is that the above titles cannot descend through a woman unless she is a sovereign reigning in her own right, not a consort to a king. Queen Victoria, and Tahiti’s Queen, Pomare IV., were sovereigns in their own right. The latter’s son, Toma toa, was therefore a prince, and his five daughters were princesses. But the three daughters already named were unable to pass on the titles to their children. We see the matter clearly portrayed in Britain. The Princess Royal’s sons have never borne the title of prince.

Queen Marau, the last queen, had two daughters. The title, they bear does not come through her. a consort, but through the king. Divorce ended the transmission of the title to her son, born later. These daughters have the right to the surname Pomare; the son has not, nor has ever claimed it. Neither daughter has issue; but if thev had. the title would lapse. So is it with the Brander and the Salmon issue, allied by marriage with the Pomares: but one must again insist that they are members of the Royal Family. They have only lost the right to title, and the use of the surname.

The marriage of the cousins, Hinoi Pomare and Maevarua Pomare, being dissolved, no issue surviving, Hinoi yet had three children fully recognised as his by law (two sons and a daughter), 38 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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The other few adults are either Salmons or Branders.

The headship of the Pomare family is very clear, when the facts are known.

On the day of the last King Pomare V.’s accession to the throne, he—backed by Chesse, the French Commandant — announced that the succession, and, of course, with it the headship of the family, was to go first to his niece, Vaetua, and her issue; but, if she died or failed in issue, it was to go secondly, to his nephew. Hinoi. Thai was in 1877. But in 1880 he decided to give over his sovereignity to France. Hence, there was no succession in existence. The Order lapsed; and Vatua, having married into Pomare’s wife’s family, to his annoyance and disgust, he adopted as his son and heir his nephew. The headship thus naturally passed from a niece to his recognised son and heir. The elder branches of the Pomare family were thus eliminated, both by their marriages and the choice of the one-time king, from any special prior claim by birth.

Hinoi was heir to title as well as property, and was always recognised by the Tahitians of his day as the head of the Pomare family, even as is Ariipaea today.

Of course, it may seem hard on those elder branches to have both titles and position denied them by heraldic law. and the arbitrary choice of their one-time head, but one must face facts, and also be sure of the ground before putting pen to paper. So also must one be ready to bow to facts, however unpleasing. Some here have willingly done so. There seem to be others who are unwilling, misled by imperfect knowledge.

The Pomare family is no mere family affair, which gentle breeding would forbid enquiring into, but the family of a line of sovereigns which calls for research and careful record on behalf of an interested public.

I am, etc., W. W. BOLTON.

Papeete, 12/10/1938.

Another Outline Of Succession

Letter to the Editor FOR the sake of accuracy, may I submit the following concerning the Royal succession in Ra’iatea.

A letter printed in the August issue of the “P.1.M." states (among other inaccuracies), that the son of John Teriirere (Brander), Tamatoa, “might be Tamatoa Vl.’’.

The facts are as follows: — Tamatoa V., son of Queen Pomare IV., of Tahiti, was crowned king of Ra’iatea and Taha’a on December 1, 1860, at Opoa, by Rev. Mr. Platt. At the coronation, he met with some opposition by the people, but as he was protected by French troops that were in attendance on the Royal family of Tahiti, the ceremony passed off in pomp and state. He reigned until February 8, 1871, when he was deposed by his subjects for misconduct. (Ancient Tahiti — Henry).

The succession then passed to Tahi- Toe, the second grandson of King Tamatoa IV., of the ancient royal line of Ra’iatea. Tahi-Toe accepted the French protectorate flag in 1880 and died in 1881.

Rereao Hau-Roa-Ari’i, daughter of Tahi-Toe, succeeded her father. She remained unmarried and died March 18, 1884.

She was succeeded on the throne of Rai’atea and Taha’a by Tamatoa VI., son of Queen Te-Ha-Apapa of Huahine and Te-Uru-Ra’a-Ari’i-Mate First, and great-grandson of King Tamatoa IV. He was crowned as Tamatoa Tautu and reigned until his kingdom was annexed to France, March 16, 1888.

I am, etc.,

A Member Of The Family Of

T AMATO A A TAUTU VI.

Papeete, 12/10/38. 39 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Transpacific Air

MAIL Honolulu to Auckland BOEING flying-boats with accommodation for 50 passengers will be used on the San Francisco-New Zealand airmail route early next year, according to a statement made to Australian newspapers on December 3 by Mr.

Harold Gatty (representative in New Zealand of Pan-American Airways).

Mr. Gatty said that the route to be followed would be via Honolulu and Canton Island to Auckland. He expected an announcement of the date of the starting of the service to be made early next year. u

Losses On North Pacific Service

The Trans-North Pacific service of Pan- American Airways, Inc., which has been in schedule operation since November, 1935, and which has carried passengers since October, 1936, between San Francisco and Hong Kong, has made serious losses, according to newspaper reports late in November.

The loss in 1937 was $474,858, and in the first six months of 1938 it was $373,523.

It now has asked the United States Government for substantial subsidies, including a subsidy of $7 per aircraft mile for the outward journey from San Francisco to Hong Kong. It has pointed out that it is seriously embarrassed by lack of equipment, since the “Samoan Clipper" was destroyed in December, 1937, and the “Hawaiian Clipper” on July 28, 1938. Owing to its heavy losses, it was unable to finance the purchase of new flying boats (Boeings are on order), and unless it could obtain Government assistance, it would have to depend upon assistance from the parent body, Pan-American Airways Corporation.

The application at present is under consideration by the Civil Aeronautics Authority of the United States.

British Trans-Pacific Service

Mr. R. M. Wimbush, of the technical department of Imperial Airways, Ltd., who recently passed through Sydney en route to Suva with echo-sounding apparatus, will make a survey of Parengarenga Harbour, New Zealand, to determine if it will be a suitable base for the operation of flying boats on a Pacific service from Sydney to Canada, by way of the Fiji Islands, the Phoenix Group, Palmyra and the Hawaiian Islands.

Trans-Tasman Service

It is reported that three flying boats have been ordered for the Sydney-New Zealand airmail service (the date for the commencement of which is still unknown).

Meanwhile, it is announced that the Germans and Italians, who operate airmail services between West Africa and South America (across the Atlantic) are changing from flying boats to land planes.

Mr. D. Ferris, S.D.A., missionary at Ambrym, New Hebrides, arrived in Sydney by the last “Morinda” on his way to Melbourne to spend leave.

Master Herbert Fairfax Edwards, only son of Mr. and Mrs. H. G. Edwards, of Vaiala, Apia, Western Samoa, died in the Government Hospital early in November after six weeks’ illness. He was 19 years of age, and until the end of last year was a pupil at Takapuna Grammar School. Auckland, N.Z. 40 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 19 3 8

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Wedding In Well-Known Samoa Family

In Apia. Western Samoa, on November 4 Miss Sina Nelson, second youngest daughter of Mr. O. F. Nelson, was married to Mr. Edward Annandale. Later, f atv Lcl-c rpsiripncp “Tiiaefu” at Mi. Nelsons residence, iuaeiu , many of the leading residents of Upolu, including the Acting Administrator and Mrs. Turnbull, attended a reception and dance. Miss Olive Nelson received the guests.

In the above group, are the following (reading left to right); Mr. August Meyer (best man), Mr. E. Annandale (bridegroom). Miss Sina Nelson (bride).

Mr. O. F. Nelson (father of the bride), and Miss Calmar (bride’s younger sister, who was bridesmaid).

Philippines Copra

Industry Severely Depressed THE “Far Eastern Survey” of October 26 says that the Philippines copra industry, owing to the poor support of United States purchasers of copra, is going through a bad time. The writer proceeds; “The American market is turning more and more to domestic fats and oils, and to cheaper substitutes for coconut oil wherever these can be used. Cottonseed oil is displacing coconut oil to a large extent in the oleomargarine industry in the United States.

“In American soap manufacturing, palm-kernel oil is gaining at the expense of coconut oil. In 1936. 18% of saponifiable material consumed by the American soap industry was contributed by coconut oil; this share has fallen to 14% in 1937.

“Total consumption of coconut oil in the United States was put at 637 million pounds in 1936, only 493 million in 1937, and a large carryover of coconut oil stocks within the United States has helped to reduce the demand and price in 1938. In the first half of 1937, the United States price was quoted at 7.6 cents a pound, plus 3 cents tax; this year, the price had fallen to 3.4 cents, plus the 3 cents tax.

“In the same period, exports from the Philippines (practically all of which go to the United States) in 1938 fell to 139 million pounds, a loss of 2.5 million pounds; and the trade returns show a value of only 10 million Philippine dollars, compared with nearly 20 million in 1937.”

The South African ketch-rigged auxiliary yacht “Land’s End” returned to New Zealand in November after a three months’ cruise to Tonga. Captain Jeffrey plans to return to Durban shortly via Tonga. Fiji, New Hebrides, Solomon Islands, Papua, and the Seychelles Group. 41 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

A.W.A. Teleradio No. 3A

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m This portable radio telephone-telegraphic equipment has been designed to provide communication facilities for points where line telephone or telegraph services are not practicable. The receiver can also be used for the reception of world broadcast entertainment.

The equipment is particularly suitable for use by Government administration out-posts, survey and mining parties, light-houses, forestry observation towers, island plantations, cattle stations, patrol launches or small trading schooners, etc.

Many A.W.A. Teleradio installations have, for some years, provided excellent service in isolated areas in Papua, New Guinea and the South Pacific Islands.

Information and quotations for A.W.A. Teleradio equipment may be obtained from A.W.A. Radio Stations throughout Australia, New Guinea, Papua and the South Pacific Islands or from AMALGAMATED WIRELESS (A/SIA) LTD. 72 CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY; 167 QUEEN ST., MELBOURNE Mr. J. Grimwood, manager of the Trans-Pacific and Inter-Island services of the Union Steam Ship Co. in New Zealand, who has been closely connected with the Fiji trade for many years, will retire at the end of this month. At one time he was in the U.S.S. Co.’s branch at Suva as chief clerk and accountant. Mr. Grimwood will be succeeded by Mr. F. Wood.

Mrs. Paulina Bartley died at Motootua, Western Samoa, in November at the age of 84. Her son, Mr. Charles Bartley, conducts a trading establishment in Apia.

Mr. H. C. Monckton, Adviser on Natives Affairs in Fiji, departed from Suva with his wife by the November “Niagara” to spend a short time in New Zealand before going on to England.

During Mr. Monckton’s absence, Mr. C.

E. de F. Pennefather is Acting Adviser on Native Affairs.

Model Colony

German Praise of Fiji In an article, entitled “British Political Organisation in the Fiji Islands”, published recently in Germany, the German Consul in Australia, Dr. Rudolf Asmis, makes the following summary of conditions in Fiji:— IN summarising the foregoing description of British native policy in the colony of Fiji, unbiassed observers must acknowledge that British colonial administration has admirably succeeded in dealing with the three main departments of the native problem presented by the Fijian, the Indian and the halfcaste population, and in reconciling the diverging interests of these groups among tnemselves and with those of the European inhabitants and of the British Empire, The great asset of British colonial practice, namely, its elasticity, has again proved its worth. Although the general principles may be laid down, tnere is no rigid dogma, each principle being adapted to a given case in accordance with circumstances. While the privileges and the position of the white population and of the Crown are fully saieguarded, the natives are being systematically encouraged to share in the administration of the islands and are trained for this task.

The establishment of native self-administration under utilisation of the existing tribal organisation, the sharing by the natives in the cost of local administration, their co-operation in matters of education, the progressive participation of the coloured people in the labours of the Legislative Council, their sharing in the military defence of the colony—all these are problems of practical colonial policy which appear to be solved in an exemplary fashion.

The institution of the various “Councils” allows the Fijians a large measure of self-administration, ensuring consideration of their legitimate requests by the English administration, while the executive power remains in the hands of the latter.

The loyalty of the Fijians to the Governor as the representative of the King and supreme authority is very real, and the sending of a delegation to the Coronation celebrations in London has further strengthened this loyalty towards the Crown.

Continually, efforts are being made gradually to raise the natives’ living standard, and consequently their rights as the actual and original owners of the islands are being safeguarded. A firm hand controls immigration and protects the islands from undesirable political agitation.

Indeed, the colony of Fiji merits also, in the domain of native policy, the name of a model colony, which it already possesses in the fields of finance and economic development.

New Roads For

TONGA METHODS for improving the roads, the construction of causeways, and foreshore protection and reclamation work on Tongatabu Island, the principal island in the Tongan Group, have been approved by the Tongan Government on the recommendation of Mr. A.

M. Page, of the Public Works Department, Auckland. Mr. Page (says “N.Z.

Herald”) returned by the “Matua” recently, after spending three months on loan to the Tongan Government.

Mr. Page said there were about 200 motor vehicles on the island, which had about 70 miles of formed roads. On his recommendation a programme of tarsealing work was to be carried out. Provision had also been made in the Estimates for the purchase of some modern graders. During the next year it was proposed by the Tongan Government to spend about £B,OOO on foreshore protection.

Other work had also been approved, on the basis of his report, Mr. Page added, but the amount of money to be spent would be dependent upon financial arrangements. 42 Pacific Islands M o 11 1 h 1 y—D eccmber 15, 1938

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Unsung Side Of Mission Work In The Tropics

SELF-APPOINTED critics of mission activity in the Pacific Islands seldom take into consideration the fine medical work that is being carried out by missionaries in the tropics, but it is nevertheless a fact that, usually with the co-operation of the local Administration, missionaries of all denominations are waging efficiently and without ostentation a ceaseless fight against disease and ignorance of even the most elementary principles of hygiene. The above photographs, taken at a hospital in Melanesia, show how young children suffering from malnutrition and neglect are cared for by the nursing sisters. Left: An emaciated three-years-old child, who weighed 11 lbs. when taken to the mission station. Centre: After three and a half months’ treatment. Right: Normal and healthy, after five months’ at the hospital.

Rev. H. Lawrence, a new recruit for the Melanesian Mission, arrived in Sydney from England recently by the “Orion”, He will leave for 8.5.1. by the next “Malaita”.

Mr. and Mrs. Ward have been sent by the Seventh Day Adventist Mission to teach at the Pitcairn Island school where there are over 40 pupils. Hitherto, the school has been taught by Pitcairn Islanders (Euronesians). —Photos, by Courtesy of “The Southern Cross Log”. 43 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

park ling refreshment from pure Malt and Hop* • 9 ft • ★ Malt* m FOSTER'S LAGER Mr. Organ arrived in Apia with his wife by the November ”Maui Pomare” from New Zealand to join the staff of the Western Samoa Survey Department.

Mr. L. J. Joubert, general manager of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., arrived in hfs d^Tack°to m Ne r w 2 Gu US A - ° n “is way back t 0 New Guinea.

Mr. P. C. Macarthur, of the New Guinea inspection staff of Messrs Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., is now in the East spending long furlough.

Mr. O. B. Hart, construction engineer for Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd.. New Guinea, who has been acting as general manager for some months, intends to retire at the end of this year. Mr.

Hart has built over 50 dredges, in all parts of the world. His valued assistant, Mr. Clyde Taylor, arrived in Sydney from U.S.A. on November 28. and will return to the service of B.G.D. Ltd. as construction foreman.

"Bring 'Im Ak-is!"

Story of a Wireless Set LAZARUS lives out on the other side of the sunrise, where he is the solitary white lord of the Ontong Java (or Lord Howe Group, North-eastern Solomons) and where visitors coincide with Halley’s Comet—more or less.

When the copra market jittered up to nearly £2O per ton. about the close of 1936, Lazarus gave himself a long-promised holiday in Sydney. He did not buy a sundial, or take shares in the Bridge; but he was “spruiked” into bringing back £6O worth of wireless, so that, if he was far removed from physical contact with Europe he at least could hear what Hitler and Co. were saying.

He duly arrived home; and no time Wjis lost in installing the set. He switched on to hear—profound nothing! As it would probably be six months before the vessel came back again, he instantly re-cased the set. and sent it back to the suppliers for overhaul.

Months later, it arrived again—with a bill tor about £2O for repairs and charges—and once again it was installed It was switched on—with equally successful results! ak-S°” kie! roared Laz - “Bring ’im A few well-aimed blows with the axe and the whole contraption was reduced to matchwood and bits, which were carefully re-cased and taken back aboard the schooner. v^ d B az - to the skipper: “Hand the X.Y.Z thing over to 8.P.. and tell them to send it back to the suppliers with my compliments, and here’s a covering letter telling ’em that if they can get it going they can have it for nothing on condition that they don’t sell it to anybody in the Solomons”.

The skipper glanced at the remains, and said: “But what did you do that for, Laz.?”

Well”, said Laz.. “Copra, as you know, is down to bedrock, and I can’t afford bread and butter, let alone bills for 20 quid for wireless repairs. So I thought the best thing to do was to cut my losses !”- R.C.L.

A Samoan'S Labour-Saving

DEVICE From Our Own Correspondent.

A APIA. NOV. 17.

SAMOAN native named Va’a, of the village of Faleasiu, on the main beach road. 13 miles west of Apia, wanted the dilapidated small shed alongside the main road, which was used for packing cases, pulled down, so that the young men of the village would be compelled to build a new and better one.

But the young men—the taulealeas— did not wish to do the work.

Then Va’a had a brainwave. He borrowed a long i-inch wire rope from the village missionary and, in the early morning dusk, fastened it to the posts of the old shed and then stretched it across the main road, tying it to a coconut tree on the other side. Some passing motor truck or car would then. Va’a calculated, run against the wire and thus pull the old shed down without any effort by him.

And so it happened. A banana truck came along and ran against the wire, and pulled the shed down. Fortunately, it was being driven at a moderate speed, and the driver managed to stop before much damage was done to him or his truck.

But the driver reported the occurrance to the Apia police; and Va’a, repentant and sorrowful, pleaded guilty to having obstructed a public place and created a source of danger to the travelling public. The judge, in view of the man’s obvious ignorance and low mentality, let him off with a fine of 30/-.

Mr. E. J. Gough, who is well-known throughout the Pacific Islands, has joined the staff of the Islands Export firm of C. Sullivan Ltd., Sydney.

Mr. S. D. Morton married Miss Vera Henderson at St. John’s Anglican Church, Port Moresby, Papua, on November 11. They have now settled down in their home at Koitakinumu. 44 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecemher 15, 1938

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Indians Make Requests For Different

Conditions In Fiji

But Distinguished President Destroys Good Impression by Action in Honolulu INDIAN representatives, to the number of several hundreds, gathered in Suva on October 30, to attend an All-Fiji Indian Conference. The conference considered many matters affecting the general condition of the Indian population in Fiji, and adopted a long series of resolutions shown in the attached special report.

The conference was presided over by the Honourable Pandit Hridaya Nath Kunzru, 8.A., LL.B., D.Sc., who was leader of the Indian delegation to the Public Relations Congress held recently in Australia. His addresses to the conference were moderate and conciliatory in tone, and might have been regarded as a contribution to good relations between the different races in Fiji.

Unfortunately, this Dr. Kunzru, when he arrived in Honolulu, made a number of outrageous statements about the Indian community in Fiji, which were broadcast throughout the sensation-loving press of America, and which are an evil reflection upon British colonial government in Fiji.

The subject is dealt with elsewhere in this journal; but it may be pointed out here that the statements made in Hawaii by the learned chairman destroy much of the practical value of the All-Fiji Indian Conference, described below.

THE chairman addressed the conference formally on three occasions. He said that many matters, affecting the living conditions of the Indians in Fiji, required patient study, and he appealed for greater unity and co-operation between the different communities of Indians living in Fiji. He pointed out that none of the resolutions adopted would, if implemented, do any harm to the native Fijians, and he said that they had received, from the Government of Fiji, a promise of laws giving “equal rights to Indians’’. He urged upon the Indians a sense of obligation to other races living in Fiji, so that they might live in happiness and harmony. He pointed out that Fiji had benefited much from the industry of the Indians in Fiji, and therefore the Indians were entitled to the same rights and privileges as other British subjects living in Fiji.

The following report is based on reports published in the “Fiji Times”,

Scope Of Conference

The following papers were read and discussed: — General Economic Position, by Mr. A.

D. Patel.

Land, by Mr. R. Parmeshwar.

The Indian Cultivator and his Problem, by Mr. Ayodha Prasad.

Health and Hygiene, by Dr. C. M.

Gopalan.

Education, by Pandit Amichand.

Commerce, by Mr. Hargovan Gangaram.

Indians in Fiji and Their Rights and Disabilities, by Mr. A. D. Patel.

The following resolutions were unanimously adopted by the conference:—

Demand For Inquiry

(1) This All-Fiji Indian Conference is strongly of opinion that an enquiry into the economic conditions of the Indian community in Fiji which was promised to the Government of India several years ago, but has not as yet been carried out, is essential, and urges the Government to appoint as early as possible a Commission of enquiry, containing representatives both of the Indian community and the Government of India. (2) This All-Fiji Indian Conference requests the Government of India to delegate representatives expert in land matters to assist the Indian community when the Government of Fiji will appoint a Committee for the proposed demarkation of native reserves and alienation of lands for leasing purposes.

Land Wanted

(3) This All-Fiji Indian Conference 45 Pacific Islands Month! y—D eceinber 15, 19 3 8

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At Fiji: Trading as Dominion Fruit C 0.," Suva draws the attention of the Government to the great difficulties experienced by the Indians, who depend to a large extent on land for their livelihood, in obtaining leases of agricultural land and requests it to take immediate action to protect Indian interests on the following lines: — (a) Leases of lands at present cultivated should be renewed. (b) Suitable provision should be made for obtaining fresh land. (c) Subject to regular payment of rent and the right of the Government to revise rents after a prescribed period. Indians should not be disturbed in their possession of agricultural land. The system followed by the Government of India in those provinces where land is directly held from the Government should be adopted in Fiji. (4) (a) This Conference impresses on the Government the urgent need for legislation to regulate the relations of landlords and tenants and to allow to tenants the rights and protection enioved by them in all civilised countries The present position is giving rise to widespread and acute discontent and unless dealt with fairly and boldly will prove seriously detrimental to the future development of Fiji. (b) This All-Fiji Conference is further of opinion that Government should take early action to prevent tenants from being forced to work for any individual or association. _

Health And Hygiene

(5) This All-Fiji Conference author ises the Indian Association to make suitable representations to the authorities for the: — (a) Training of more Indian medical students. (b) Establishment of hospitals in the districts in which there are no proper medical facilities existing at present. (c) Establishment of Indian child welfare centres and training of Indian nurses. (d) Provision of pure water supply in the districts in which such supply is not available. (e) Establishment of a sanatorium for T.B. and such diseases; and (f) Arrangement for necessary instructions to Indian Dais, midwives, attending confinement cases.

EDUCATION (6) This All-Fiji Indian Conference registers its strong dissatisfaction with the present educational facilities afforded to the Indian children and strongly urges the Government to put into effect as soon as possible the recommendations contained in Mr. Mayhew’s report on the following points:— (1) Introduction of compulsory education. (2) Provision for technical and vocational training. (3) Establishment of intermediate and secondary schools. (b) This Conference while welcoming the fact that the Government have adopted the Mayhew recommendations in principle is of opinion that the provision made for carrying them out is quite inadequate, specially in view of the neglect of Indian education in the past by Government, notwithstanding the keenness of Indian parents to educate their children. (c) This Conference further records that; (1) As in India, a prescribed percentage of Indian children should be admitted to the European Grammar Schools; and that (2) efforts should be made to obtain trained women teachers from India. (d) This Conference while approving of Mr. Mayhew’s recommendation that scholarships for higher education should not be confined to Europeans only, is strongly of opinion, in view of an increasing number of Indian boys ready to profit by University education, that adequate provision should be made for giving them higher education outside Fiji.

Other Requests

(7) This Conference authorises the Indian Association to make necessary representations to the authorities to facilitate importation of Indian patent medicines and matters connected therewith and to remit import duties on foodstuffs. (8) In view of the fact that the Indian community has vast interests in this Colony, this Conference strongly requests the Government to appoint an Indian elected member to the Executive Council which consists of Europeans only at present. (9) This Conference requests the Government to expedite the publication of the report of the Committee appointed to consider the question of passports and domicile and urges the Government to remove the disabilities, under which Indians labour at present. (10) This All-Fiji Indian Conference considers that the time is opportune for the appointment of an Agent of the Government of India in Fiji and urges the Fiji Government to give facilities for the purpose in the interests of both the Government themselves and the Indian community. 46 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

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UD This Conference strongly urges the Government to repeal the Masters and Servants Ordinance and to introduce legislation to facilitate registration of agricultural and trade unions in Fiji. (12) This Conference is of the opinion that the provisions of the Workmen’s Compensation Ordinance be extended to the Indians and Fijians in this Colony at an early date. (13) This Conference records its emphatic protest against the racial discrimination made in the Fiji Civil Service against Indians and Fijians and urges the Government to take immediate steps to abolish such discrimination and to give equal opportunities to the members of different communities for careers in the public service of the Colony, on the ground of personal merit.

Engines Displace Magic

New Ways of Papuan Coastal Traders UNTIL recent years the Motu people, who inhabit the large group of villages near Port Moresby, set forth each year at the close of the south-east season on trading expeditions to the west.

These were undertaken in clumsy vessels known as the Lakatoi, consisting of dug-outs lashed together in threes and fours, to form what were little better than rafts. The difficulty of directing such craft, with their crudely-made sails, was generally attributed, not to any imperfection in their design, but to the action of evil spirits incited by some enemy tribe.

To counteract this evil, they invariably carried magicians on board, whose duty it was to combat spells that raised the violent winds that drew the ungainly craft into danger; and other spells that caused the sails to split, and the stone, that did duty as anchor, to lose its hold, so that they were driven to disaster.

The magicians used more powerful, spells, and ritual that governed every action of the crew—ritual that had for its sole object the placation of hostile spirits, and the retained favour of those who were friendly.

To-day the younger generation of natives are gradually abandoning this primitive method of transport: and many own small powered vessels and sailing craft that trade along the coast. Though they still lash the tail of a king-fish to the mast to insure speed, in the knowledge they have acquired from their white masters about winds, tides and currents, they find little time for spells and ritual, and the old-time magician, for the most part, has lost his job.

M.L.

Sporting History Is Made

From a Special Correspondent, TULAGI, Oct. 28.

SPORTING history was made in the British Solomon Islands on October 26, 1938, by the playing of the first Rugby football match in the Protectorate.

The game was played at Tulagi, on the King George V. Memorial Ground, between a team representing Tulagi and a team representing M.V. “Malaita,” (Burns, Philp and Co.’s mail steamer).

The match resulted in a win for Tulagi by 28 points (Prince (2), Kneen, Trench, Train and Wager, tries; Chapman kicked 5 goals) to 5 points (Beverley one try, and kicked a goal).

Successful Yacht Design PACIFIC Islands residents, who nearly all are small boat navigators, will be interested in the following article published recently in Sydney: With the arrival here of the yawl “Marie”, from U.S.A. via Pacific Islands, yachtsmen have a chance of seeing a sister-ship to the famous yawl “Islander”, twice sailed around the world by Harry Pidgeon.

The design is an enlargement of the little 25 ft. yawl “Seahind”, sailed across the Atlantic by Captain Day in 1906. and recognised by leading naval architects as one of the strangest and most seaworthy designs known.

The dimensions of the “Marie” are of interest: 34ft. length over all by 10ft. 94in. beam, and with a draft of water sft she has only 1 2 371 b. of iron on the ee L which makes the design restably stiff m a seaway m companson with a round bottom type 01 yacnt Ihe teel & mUCh g " ater g , iU . , . , Boats built from this design have an unequalled record for ocean cruising, one 25-footer successfully weathering a se- V ere typhoon. A sister-ship to the 25footer can be seen any day in Mosman Bay Sydney.

The arrival of the “Marie- is again proof that a small yacht properly handled is just as sale as the largest liner afloat. Over a dozen yachts of under 40 feet on the waterline have now safely circumnavigated the world. 47 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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Mrs. Emily Vallance Cox, widow of the late Rev. W. H. Cox, who was for many years a missionary and chairman of the Methodist Mission at Rabaul, New Guinea, died at Strathfield, N.S.W., on November 22, aged 64.

Medical Work Among N. Hebrides Natives Letter to the Editor IN a recent issue of your paper I found it necessary to make some comment on a letter by Mr. E. H. Corlette, in which he implied that a great deal of the medical work done by the Missions was done with the assistance of the Condominium Government and the Rockefeller Institute, whereas planters did similar work without such assistance.

Mr. Corlette has now (in your issue of September) given an explanation of this. But, unfortunately, his letter is largely a re-assertion, with amplification, of the same mistaken idea. It is not the policy of missionaries to take much notice of such letters, but lest Mr.

Corlette should lead some of your readers astray I feel that in this case something further should be said.

The “Medical Care of the New Hebrides Natives” is not, in our opinion, a matter of “Credit to Administration or Missions , as your headings suggest. My letter specnicany stated mat a comparison couid be made, out that mat is unnecessary in this discussion—the reason being that it would serve no useful purpose.

Why, then, does Mr. Corlette charge me with being “rather stingy in giving any credit at all to me Administration’ ; and how does ne Know what I am “prepared to admit”; and why assert that I “belittle wnat is done”? Surely to state clearly some facts with regard to what the Administration does not do in connection with the worx of the Missions is not to belittle the Administration?

All the statements that I made or now maKe are accurate. Despite his greater experience in me Group, Mr.

Corlette has not been able to Keep his own statements accurate.

It would never occur to me to belittle the worK of the RocKefeller Institute, or to give them less credit than was tneir due, as Mr. Corlette suggests. One lans to see how he reads such into my letter.

Mr. Corlette speaks of “the fact that the Administration pays . . for the periodical rounds of injections of NAB and hookworm treatment”. By this, surely, he means throughout the New Hebrides, since it is of the whole Group that we both speak. Yet, unless he limits his statement to a relatively small proportion of the Group, his statement is very misleading to anyone who is not in a position to know the facts —for only a very limited portion of the Group could be said to have had “periodical rounds of injections of NAB and hookworm treatment” at the expense of the Administration, and much of the Group has had none at all. Is he really ignorant of the position, that he should call this assertion a fact?

I thank Mr. Corlette for his explanation of his paragraph on the source of supply of NAB to the Missions, and I am sorry that in making the transcription of his letter he should have made the slip in two successive sentences. Even the corrected version is only partly accurate, in that the supply of this drug to the Missions is by no means all through the Rockefeller Institute, though at times it has been largely so. At present, it is found to be cheaper to buy through London.

In this, as in other points, Mr. Corlette speaks as though he is as closely in touch with Mission affairs and missionaries as I am, and as though he is more fully and correctly informed of their business and opinions. We both know that that is not so.

A greater purpose can be served by all if they used their best endeavours to assist the natives as well as themselves, and that not only in health. Assisting less fortunate people does not demean one, nor is it without its reward. No golden future can be foreseen for the New Hebrides unless the natives are to have some share in it.

The Missions have for almost a century been using their best endeavours in a variety of directions for the benefit of the natives. I would like it to be perfectly clearly understood that they have been and always will be ready to co-operate with the Administration in any similar work.

I am, etc., B. R. C. NOTTAGE.

Tongoa, New Hebrides. 31/10/1938.

Mr. G. R. Jordan, of the Lands and Survey Department, Fiji, is at present on six months’ furlough. 48 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Write to Tongan Stamps and Photos Bureau, Box No. 1, G.P.0., Nukualofa, Tonga. Friendly Islands, For Commemorative Issue and other Interesting Philatelic News.

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Fijians Grow

BANANAS Interesting Trade Development “fTVHE production of bananas is gradu- X ally passing into the hands of the native Fijians”, said Sir Harry Luke.

Governor of Fiji, when addressing the Council of Fijian Chiefs recently. “In 1932, when the quota system was introduced, the Fijians produced 64.3 per cent, of the total exports of bananas; in 1937 they produced 95.3 per cent.

“A Committee which was appointed in December last to consider the report on the banana industry has recommended that a native company should be granted a licence to purchase bananas for export, and that the long range policy of the Government should be directed towards placing the disposal of nativegrown bananas in the hands of Fijians themselves. These recommendations have been adopted by the Government, and the company referred to has already commenced to purchase and dispose of bananas”.

The Governor said that the chief and almost the only market for Fijian bananas was New Zealand. There was a small market in Canada (limited by shipping facilities); and. as for Australia:— “The Australian Government permits the importation of approximately 40.000 cases of bananas per annum from Fiji, but high selling costs in the Commonwealth have so far made this market unprofitable”.

How Australia “Stonkered”

FIJI

(Editorial Note)

There is far more to the unfavourable character of the Australian market than “high selling costs”; and it is to be hoped that the new Governor will examine the situation.

Australia sells far more goods to Fiji than she purchases from Fiji; and, some years ago, Australia was reluctantly compelled to admit Fiji bananas.

But, although the bananas were apparently admitted without penalty, actually a cunning combination of politicians and bureaucrats succeeded in imposing all sorts of underground taxes and charges upon them—income tax, primage, sales tax, etc. —so that they could not possibly compete with the bananas grown in the Northern coast of N.S.W.

There are many banana-growers in the latter district, and they threatened to unseat their Parliamentary representatives if Fiji bananas were admitted.

Australians generally are eager for Pacific Islands bananas —they prefer this full-bodied, well-flavoured fruit to the poor, flavourless stuff grown in N.S.W.

The head-stone of a Rarotonga native who was killed while playing football. That is why the ball is depicted on the stone. —Photo, by Wm. H. Watson. 49 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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But the rings and combines have seen to it, for many years past, that there is not a Pacific Islands banana on sale in Sydney.

When the then Governor of Fiji, Sir Murchison Fletcher, saw how the underground engineers in Australia were defeating the official decision to admit a few Fiji bananas, he took prompt and drastic action. He imposed a special import tax upon Australian flour —which is one of Australia’s largest exports to Fiji.

The response was so quick as to be funny. The Australian flour-millers became alarmed, and inquired into the position; and the millers’ ultimatum to the politicians was to the point: “If you want our support, carry out your bargain with Fiji, and get that flour tax taken off”.

And it was so—p.d.q. There were apologies and explanations; the underground charges were quickly taken off Fiji bananas; and, for a time, the trade proceeded. The Fijian tax was taken off Australian flour. The Australian banana-growers howled; but they were told that the organised flourmillers were of more political importance than the organised banana-growers.

But time marches on. The bananagrowers appear to have enlisted the aid of the fruit ring; and by devious means the intrusive Fijian bananas were ‘“stonkered” (an Australian slang term, which expresses exactly what we want to say). Australia enjoys an evergrowing share of Fiji’s trade; but there is no room in Australia for even a miserable 40,000 cases per annum of Fiji bananas.

All lovers of fair play in trade (if there is such a thing!) hate to see the underground engineers succeeding in their underground tactics. A Fijian tax on Australian produce, to be non-operative so long as Australia buys 40,000 cases of Fiji bananas per annum, would meet the situation.

Coveted Phoenix

ISLANDS Burns Philp Sell Leases to Government QUICK and interesting moves have oeen taking place among the islands of the Central Pacific, since their value as stations on the proposed Transpacific airmail services was recognised.

For many decades, all these small islands were regarded as British no one wanted them. Then the Americans, planning new airways, reached out and grabbed Howland and Baker Islands, northern outliers of the Phoenix Group (British).

That brought Britain into action. Her warships meticulously visited, re-occupied and re-annexed all the other islands which stood in her name, and which might be useful in aviation.

The Phoenix Group—valuable, because it lies right on the track between Fiji and Hawaii —was plastered with titles, and added to the Gilbert and Ellice Island Colony (which is administered by the British Colonial Office through Fiji).

But that did not prevent America, last year, sending an official party to fly the Star and Stripes over Canton and Enderbury Islands, potential air bases in the Phoenix Group. The British already were in occupation there, with the Union Jack flying; and the Americans settled down happily beside them. The idea, of course, is that each nation will have the right to put its aircraft down there.

It is reported that, in similar fashion, America has designs on Christmas and Washington Islands, already in British occupation.

The latest development is the sale, quite recently concluded, of leases in the Phoenix Group, held for many years by Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd. They have been sold to the G. and E. Islands Government. The coconut plantations and copra producing plant are to be taken over by the G. and E. Government and, according to the terms of sale, the Government will establish settlers on the areas purchased.

Dr. E. P. Ellison, Chief Medical Officer in the Cook Group, reached New Zealand from Suva by the November “Niagara”, after a visit to Fiji. 50 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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WUNDERLICH '■cm DURABESTOS asbestos cement building she ets Governor Flies Over New Lands Visit to Beautiful Lake Kutubu, in Central Papua From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Dec. 1.

THE Lieut.-Governor of Papua, Sir Hubert Murray, K.C.M.G., made his first visit of inspection by air to the newly-established police camp at Lake Kutubu, in the uncontrolled Central area of Papua, on November 18.

Leaving Kikori in Guinea Airways Stinson seaplane (Pilot K. Garden), His Excellency reached Lake Kutubu in the morning (after a flight of little less than an hour) and, though clouds cut off the view during the greater part of the journey, it was possible to obtain a clear view of the lake, and of the villages perched on the heights along the shore, before landing.

The camp is on a hill near the shore, and the view is described by Sir Hubert Murray as different from the ordinary landscape to which one is accustomed in Papua.

“The Papuan interior generally presents us with a beauty which is like that of Caledonia, ‘stern and wild’, but Lake Kutubu offers a quiet loveliness which one associates rather with the scenery of the English lakes”, said Sir Hubert. “Such, at any rate, was the manner in which Kutubu scenery appealed to me. Whether or not the scenery resembled that of the English lakes, the effect was very beautiful, and the roughness of the surrounding country only served to accentuate the beauty of the lake itself.

“The surrounding country is very rough. Mt. Bosavi (Leonard Murray mountains), which is close by, rises to a height of 8,000 feet, and the plane, coming from Kikori, reached 5,000 ft.

The lake itself is 2,700 ft. above sea-level.

The ruggedness of the surrounding country may be imagined from the fact that, though the plane does the journey from Kikori in an hour, the overland journey takes between two and three weeks”.

Sir Hubert noticed that taro, sugarcane, sweet potatoes, and other food stuffs grew well, and even luxuriantly, about the camp; but he considered that, except for a few pockets, the soil of the country around the lake was rather poor. It appears that the native plantations are neither extensive nor fertile, the usual food of the inhabitants consisting of sago, and an inferior fish which is found in the lake.

“Judged by Papuan standards”, stated Sir Hubert, “the natives of the lake seem to be a fairly peaceable lot of people; though retaliatory murders to pay back for alleged sorcery are, I understand, not infrequent. Mr. Ivan Champion, the officer in charge of the camp, has alreadv succeeded in preventing several of these murders, and he has hopes of being able eventually to suppress the more serious forms of crime without recourse to arrest and punishment. If he succeeds in this —and I personally believe that he will—he will have done a great service to the method of peaceful penetration which it is our ambition to establish in Papua”.

On the return flight, the same afternoon, owing to a much clearer and almost cloudless atmosphere, it was possible to have an excellent view of the overland route to the lake; of Beaver Falls, where the waters of the Mobi River tumble in a cloud of spray over a precipice many hundreds of feet high; and of the Samberigi Valley: and of other landmarks of interest.

In describing his impressions after the flight, Sir Hubert Murray said he was struck by the boundless expanse of land, with so little trace of human occupation.

Mr. and Mrs. Ken Frank left Pori Moresby by the “Guba” at the end of November on six months of well-earned leave. He has been officer-in-charge at Port Moresby since 1934; and, with his exceptional mechanical skill and capacity for hard work he has done a very great deal to develop wireless communication in Papua. Officially and socially he will be badly missed. Mr. C. E. Searle, who was transferred from Port Moresby to Sydney a year ago, is in charge during Mr. Frank’s absence.

Dr. K. Washington Gray, chief geologist to Australasian Petroleum Co., in Papua, was suffering from malaria recently, and spent a few days in Port Moresby hospital. He was sufficiently recovered to leave for Daru and the Fly River by Guinea Airways Stinson plane on November 19. 51 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D eccmber 15, 1938

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Where electricity is not available, crude oil engines may be utilised for driving the larger plants and petrol engines for driving the smaller machines. The accompanying illustration is of a petrol engine driven SO2 unit. Enquirers please state power available (if any), size of cabinet and amount of ice required per day.

James Budge Pty. Limited

Refrigeration And General Engineers

McEvoy and Harley Streets ALEXANDRI A S Y D N E Y Established 1890

Engineering Workshops

All Classes Of Machines Made And Reconditioned

The M.Y. “Crusader” (380 tons), which has already called at Papeete and Apia in the course of a world cruise, arrived in Fiji in November.

With the owner, Mr. J. McComber, there are five guests on board. The “Crusader’s” master, Captain J. Evans, served at one time in the Fiji Group as chief officer and later master on the Government yacht, “Pioneer”.

Celebrations In Tonga

TOP: Nukualofa en fete on October 11, to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the crowning of Dame Salote as Queen of Tonga.

LOWER: Lakalaka girls, performing their action dance before the Queen during the celebrations. -Photos, by Hettlg. 52 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecem b e r 15, 1938

roira

Danks' Island

SPECIALTIES Write for particulars of lines in which you are interested.

"Petromax’’

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Light on Kerosene in 30 Cooking Ranges for Wood, Coal, Gas, Oil.

Electricity.

Refrigerators, Ice or Electric.

Builders’ Hardware, Gal.

Iron, Bituminous Roll Roofing, Sheet Lead. seconds. Latest models.

IN BOND PRICES FOR PETROMAX LAMPS AND LANTERNS. 200 C.P.Lanterns, £2/16/6. 300 C.P. Rapid Lanterns. £3/5/-.

Ordinary preheating type using petrol for starting;—2oo C.P.

Lanterns. £2,6/6. 300 C.P. Lanterns, £2/16/-. 200 C.P. Rapid Table Lamps, £3/7/6. 300 C.P. Rapid Table Lamps, £3/16/6.

PHONE. M 6505 18 LINES—LATE SHOPPING PR I DAY 830 Catalogue of “Modern A jL/Mf *nd Home ” Fittings now available % 321 ' 3:}0 PITT street, nr Sanitary-ware, Baths, Basins, Bath Heaters, Wallboard, Asbestos Building Sheets.

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“NOX” Electric Lamps Prevent BORERS White Ants and DRY ROT - - - The attacks of White Ants —Borers—or Dry Rot can be prevented by treating your timber with ‘Cuprinol”, This scientific preservative is insoluble in water, easy to apply, and can be painted or varnished over. “Cuprinol’' will definitely eradicate these pests in timber that has already been attacked. The life of Canvas, Nets, Cordage, etc., can be doubled or trebled by treating with “Cuprinol”—it prevents Mildew and Rot, adds to the tensile strength and doesn’t affect flexibility. Full information on request.

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German-Japanese Alliance Threatens

The Pacific

Facts Which Tropical Territories Must Frankly Face A DEVELOPMENT of supreme importance In international relationships generally, and to Pacific countries in particular, was made public on November 28.

It was announced that, after months of negotiation, Germany, Italy and Japan had reached an agreement, under which they now are ready to transform their Anti-Comintern Pact into a Triple Alliance. It is provided in the Alliance that, if any one of the three is threatened by an outside Power or Powers, the other members of the alliance will give diplomatic, political and economic assistance.

Great military significance is attached to the Alliance.

Germany is ready to sign immediately: but it is believed that Italy is in favour of a few months’ delay.

The objects of the move are clear.

Japan intends to create, in the Far East, a Japanese Empire, to include Japan, Korea, Manchukuo, the whole of Eastern China, and all the Pacific Islands now held under Mandate. She will be supported in this by Germany and Italy, who hope to push British, American and French interests out of the Far East, and to share with Japan the rich trade advantages thus gained.

The process is going on, already. On December 1, it was announced that Japan was to hold, in Tokio, a Japanese “Imperial Conference” representing the conquered countries named above.

The seriousness of the outlook cannot be exaggerated. Japan, alone, could be held in the Far East by Britain, France and the smaller democratic countries.

Japan, if she is to be supported by Germany and Italy, inevitably will turn southwards into the Pacific, and challenge the strength of the democratic countries.

If this Triple Alliance is formed—and, although Britain and France are working against the plan, its consumma-i tion seems likely—Britain and France will have great difficulty in holding Japan back to the northward of the equator. That is, unless the United States comes in.

This “great and glorious” democracy, however, is completely undependable.

Babbling politicians in high places, reacting pitifully to the cranks and ideologists who direct the world’s most terrible newspaper press, can give no assurance of an intelligent or consistent foreign policy. Probably, when the British and French Empires are falling to pieces, and all that is best in human relationships is being trampled down by goose-stepping Fascists, the Americans will try, months too late, to “save democracy”.

To-day, the writing is on che wall.

South America now is being literally over-run by Germans, Japanese and Italians, and North American interests there are being sadly affected. But. in this as in other matters, the ostrich head of the U.S.A. is buried deep in the sand.

The American people, whom we all know and like, undoubtedly would prefer the world as it is to a world controlled by Germany, Italy and Japan.

But no one seems to be able to give them a free choice.

Defence Of Papua And New

GUINEA IT was stated in this journal recently that, during the international crisis on September 26-29, there were Japanese naval forces awaiting orders in the Japanese Mandated Territory of the Caroline and Marshall Islands, very close to Australian territory.

The information was published, not as an alarmist or sensational item, but as plain truth. Is there any reason why people in the British Pacific territories should not know the danger that threatens them constantly and increasingly from the direction of Japan?

It long has been the theory of this writer that Japan is engaged in a conspiracy, with other Fascist), landhungry nations, to do everything possible to embarrass and weaken the British and French Empires, in the belief that if those Empires once begin to fall to pieces, they will pick up rich colonial territories. One sees signs of the conspiracy all over the world. Britain is countering it in the only way possible —by building up her armed strength to invulnerability—but France, owing to the rotten political system which prevents 53 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 19 3 8

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Inc. in Fiji Island Traders and Shipowners Also Branches at: Registered Office: SUVA FIJI Fiji: Levuka, Lautoka, Labasa, Ba. Sigatoka, Rotuma.

Tonga: Nukualofa, Haapai, Vavau.

Samoa: Apia, Pago Pago (American Samoa).

Solomons: Makambo. Gizo. Faisi.

New Hebrides; Vila.

Cod. Address; Silberts: Tarawa.

"Bumsouth.* 1 Norfolk Is. Niue. Wallis Is. Futuna Is. stable government in that country, is becoming alarmingly weak.

However, this is all theory. Let us stick to facts. There are plenty of them.

The Australian Prime Minister formally denied that Australia, during the crisis, was menaced by Japanese warships. But his statement was generally ambiguous, and he did not say that there were no Japanese naval forces in the Carolines and Marshalls.

Was it not the same Mr. Lyons who, only a few weeks ago, snorted with indignation at the suggestion that Port Moresby should be fortified and made an advanced base for Australian defence?

Nothing of the kind was contemplated, he said —it would be regarded as offensive by other countries (meaning Japan, of course). The “P.1.M.”, at the time, said in plain and simple language what it thought of Mr. Lyons and his prevarication. Now, it is announced officially that Papua and New Guinea are to be regarded as the advanced line of Australia’s defences, and that Port Moresby will be fortified.

Japanese Naval Bases

FACTS? The news of the past month bristles with them.

“Nauticus”, an annual sponsored by the high command of the German Navy, has just published this; “Since the lapse of the naval treaties, Japan’s intention is unmistakable to extend her bases, already existing outside the home islands, to Formosa, the Pescadores and the Bonin Islands, and to extend the new bases as far as possible towards the south-west, into Mandated territory”.

Germany And Japan In East

ASIA THE following are extracts from a significant article in “Far Eastern Survey” of October 26, 1938: — Recent developments in the Far East are now maxing it apparent that Germany is envisaging a German-Japanese condominium in East Asia, equally profitable to both participants and established on the shattered remains of what was China.

German activities within the- last several months, particularly as revealed in new investments in Manchukuo and preferential treatment of imports to Japan, all show a clearcut objective.

Simultaneously she is liquidating as fast as possible all direct affiliations with the forces representing an independent China. . . .

The real stake of the German gamble, however, remains of course in China. If Japan wins, Germany can re-enter the Chinese market as Japan’s ally. . . .

It is scarcely accidental that at the height of the Czech crisis in Europe, Japan took the momentous step, by the establishment of the China Affairs Bureau, virtually to proclaim her intention to establish a protectorate over all of China and to remove all Chinese business from the orbit of Japan’s Foreign Office. It is believed that it is within the framework of such a protectorate that German-Japanese politico-economic co-operation could best be realised and extended —at the expense of the same powers that have just bowed to the threat of force in Europe.

“ANY DAY!”

INTERVIEWED in New York on November 14, Captain Victor A. Cazalet, M.P., who attended the British Relations Conference in Sydney, said:— “Events in the last few months have shown the people living in the Pacific that they may at any time be faced with just as unpleasant a situation as we in Europe have experienced, and it may not be a question of waiting some years. Any day may find a situation which can be dealt with only if we have sufficient strength in defence and attack to ward off Japanese aggression”.

Japanese In New Caledonia

MR. MIKAMI, a Japanese official, whose duties lie largely in the Japanese Mandate of the Pelew group, recently spent several months in New Caledonia investigating labour conditions there. He arranged for the purchase by Japan of agricultural produce, including oranges and cotton, and dried fish and shell.

“Cotton grown in New Caledonia is of very good quality”, he said, “but not enough is grown. Japanese companies will finance the growers, so that their crop will be increased. If the local fishermen need boats to get the shell and fish we want, then they will be financed.

Japanese interests were now active in the development of the mineral resources of New Caledonia, Mr. Mikami added. Two iron mines at Goro belonged to a Japanese company, and experts had been brought from Japan this year to do the foundation work. It was hoped that ore would be shipped to Japan next month.

“As soon as production starts, we will employ Frenchmen to operate the mines, using Japanese capital”, he explained.

“The French have placed a prohibition on the importation of Japanese labour, and now only Javanese and Tonkinese can be employed”. 54 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Buy High Quality Goods At Wholesale Prices!

Freeman’S Sports Store

(Est. 190o> (Right in The Centre of The Block. 165-167 CASTLEREAGH ST., SYDNEY. Between Park & Market Streets.) TRADERS SUPPLIED.

MENTS.

Bicycles.

Free Lamp!

GIVEN to every purchaser of a bicycle!

Good strong Bicycles, slightly used, fixed or free wheel, with brake, in good order, 45/- Good strong Bicycles, slightly used, fixed or free wheel, in good order 50/- Good strong Bicycles, slightly used, fixed or free wheel, with brake, wheel, with brake, in good order, 55/- Good strong Bicycles, slightly used, fixed or free wheel brake, tapered frame, good tyres and tubes, Gent’s Roadster Bicycle, free wheel, electric dynamo and lamp, hand brake, good tyres and tubes, slightly used £3/15/- “Malvern Star” Bicycle, free wheel brake, good order and condition £4/15/- “Speedwell” Bicycle, club racer, free wheel, tapered frame, hand brake, slightly used £4/19/6 Brand New: —Gent’s “Oxford” Special Roadster Bicycle. Equipment:—Brake, lamp, free wheel £5/19/6 “Wynall” Bicycle, free wheel, brake, good tyres and tubes £4/19/6 fiS/.

Powerful Field Glasses.

Extra-powerful Field Glasses, centre focus, complete in case *l/-.

“Lumlere” Paris, High-power, Field Glasses, centre focus, with case and strap ... 30/-.

Extra High-power, Marine Glasses, day and night use, centre focus, in case . .. 45/-.

French “Prisma” Field Glasses, large eyepieces, 6X, wide vision. With strap and leather case 55/- “Carlmere” Field Glasses, with sun shield, extra powerful, in case 50/- “Carlex” 8 x 25 Binocular Field Glasses, extra powerful, centre focus, with shoulder strap, in solid leather case, suitable for races, marine or field use £4/15/-.

“Delmar” 8 x 25 Prismatic Binocular Field Glasses, wide range, centre focus, with strap and solid leather case £4/19/6.

“Achromatic” Field Glasses, War Office model, extra powerful, wide range, complete with shoulder strap, in solid leather case £3/15/-/.

“Audemair”, 8 x 30 Prismatic Field Glasses, extra-wide optics, central and individual focus, complete with strap and case, £6/10/- Postage Paid on all Field Glass Orders. skirts made of long wearing flexible kip, mounted with bevelled leathers, girth, and 4-bar N.P. irons £6/19/6.

SPECIAL SADDLES MADE TO ORDER.

Jewellery Specials.

Gent’s latest square-shaped lever Wrist Watches; 15 jewelled movement, chrome link band 39/6 Gent’s Chrome 7 jewelled lever Wrist Watches, on leather band 29/6 Gent’s solid gold-filled Wrist Watches; 15 jewels, 5 adjustments, very latest smart shapes 45/- Lady’s Chrome Wrist Watches, latest miniature shapes, on chrome link band .. 39/6 Lady’s 9 ct. gold Wrist Watches, ultra smart shapes, 17 jewelled movement, 5 adjustments 59/6 Postage paid on all jewellery orders.

HEAVY WATERPROOF TARPAULINS.

Heavy, 15 oz., twisted duck Tarpaulins, double-sewn throughout, all eyelets, double reinforced and secured. 10 x 8, 21/-; 12 x 10, 30/-; 14 x 12, 39/6; 16 x 12, 50/-; 18 x 14. 59/6; 20 x 15, 72/6; 20 x 18. 79/6; 20 x 20, 82/6. Special orders taken for all camping and canvas goods.

We Stock Everything. Write For

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Musical Instruments.

Ukeleles: Complete with set of strings, Free Tutor 10/6.

Steel Guitars, beautiful tone, Free Tutor, 86/- “Harmony” Guitars, beautiful tone, nicely finished, Free Tutor £3/19/6 “Harmony” Guitars, professional model, pearl position dots, beautiful finish and tone.

With Free Tutor £6/6/-.

Guitar Cases, 19/6. Set of Picks, Steels, 4/6 per set.

High-grade “Valencia” Accordeons, brand new, all steel bronze reeds, nickel protected bellows, ebonlsed frames, good value, magnificent tone, 2 stop 25/- 3 stop 35/- English Banjo Manodlins, 6 brackets, complete with case, tutor 37/6 English Banjo Mandolins, 8 brackets, complete with case, tutor 50/- Typewriter Bargains.

Slightly used.

Corona. 3-Bank. Portable Typewriters, in case, perfect order £5/19/6.

Corona, 4-Bank, Portable Typewriters. In case, perfect order £B/16/-.

Remington 4-Bank Portable Typewriters, In case, perfect order £B/16/-.

“Royal” Portable Typewriter, 4 bank, in case, perfect order £lO/10/-.

Sporting Goods.

Imported Golf Sets “J. A. Kirkwood,” hickory shaft, matched Golf Sets; special rustless heads, made in Scotland; includes mid-iron, mashie, putter and brassie-driver, in leather mounted, waterproof, canvas bag 42/6 Steel shaft, matched Golf Sets; latest heavy ridged back design, rustless heads, made in Scotland; includes mid-iron, mashie, putter and brassie-driver, in leather mounted, waterproof, canvas bag 6,9/6

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1 doz. tees and 3 golf balls given to every purchaser of a golf set.

“J. A. Kirkwood,” hickory shaft Irons, hand forged, rustless steel heads 8/6 ea.

“J. A. Kirkwood,” hickory shaft Woods, hand forged 10/6 ea.

“J. A. Kirkwood,” steel shaft Irons, hand forged, rustless steel heads, heavy ridge, back design, imported 16/6 ea.

“J. A. Kirkwood,’ steel shaft Woods, hand forged, made in Scotland 18/6 ea.

Waterproof canvas Bags, leather mounted, 9/6 ea.

Oval, waterproof, canvas Bags, with solid leather trimmings 15/6 ea.

Saddlery.

FREE BRIDLE!— To every purchaser of a saddle!

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All metal work guaranteed Solid Brass.

Strong High-grade Saddles in Stock, Kemp or Poley styles. Strong guaranteed trees, narrow grip, firm pads, best quality flaps and skirts mounted with leathers, girth, & 3-bar N.P. Irons £3/19/6 High-grade Station Saddles, in Kemp or Poley styles, deep comfortable kip seat, narrow grip, wide leather facings at back, strong firm pads, extra long kip flaps and skirts, mounted with leathers, girth, and 3bar N.P. irons £4/19/6.

Very Fine High-grade Super Station Stock Saddles, built on strongly plated, guaranteed trees, deep comfortable hogskln seat, with 4V 2 in. dip, narrow, grip, wide leather facings at back, very firm 5Va In. strong capped pads, raised thigh pads, extended leather points, extra long flaps and FREEMANS

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and HONEST VALUE. 165-167 Castlereagh Street, SYDNEY, New South Wales. 55 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

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"Matafele" For Fiji, Not

SAMOA Prom Our Own Correspondent.

APIA, Nov. 16.

M.V. “MATAFELE” (Burns Philp S.S.

Co. Ltd.), which was launched at Hong Kong and left for Western Samoa on November 10, is expected here on December 6. She will make only one round trip from Apia and afterwards will be transferred to Suva for the Fiji inter-island traffic.

This news has been received with regret in Apia. It had been hoped that the “Matafele” would fill a long felt gap in the inter-island passenger trade, particularly with American Samoa. The alteration, it is understood, has been made mainly owing to depressed trade conditions in Western Samoa.

Cuthbert’s Misima Goldmine Limited, Eastern Papua, has declared a dividend of 1/- a share payable on December 17.

The previous dividend (1/- per share) was paid in June.

The auxiliary yawl “Ronda”, commanded by Captain R. Hudson, R.N. (rtd.), reached Auckland, New Zealand, from Fiji at the end of November, in the course of a world cruise.

Cruise By Mail

ORDER American Captain's Novel Plan Prom Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Nov. 13.

SOMETHING novel in the way of international yacht cruising will get under way from here late this month when the American 55 ft. ketch “Otter” sails for the Marquesas, Tuamotus, Tahiti. Pitcairn, Tonga, Samoa, Fiji, New Zealand, Australia and the Dutch East Indies.

Her owner, Mr. Albert Gallatin Powers, sailed here from Monterey, California, in May last and since then has been pondering his novel plan which is:— More people would travel if they had the time and the money. Most people are footloose at heart. Travel movies and tales are steady favourites.

Mr. Powers started a “sail by mail” club. The idea, in short, is that from every port at which he will touch he will mail back to his subscribers a descriptive letter of it, its natives, industries, and so on.

He will sail the “Otter” into all the out of the way ports that he can.

The period for the cruise so far set is three years. By then Mr. Powers may be sick of the sea, or he may wish to extend it.

So far, into his novel scheme, he has coaxed many U.S. schools, churches, hospitals, clubs and individuals. The size of his club will be restricted only by the amount of writing paper which the sturdy ketch can carry.

A romantic touch, necessary for all cruise stories, has been added already.

Navigator Hugh McDonald, of the “Otter”, has taken unto himself a wife, a resident of the Hawaiian islands, to wit, Evelyn Freitas, who is most comely. Mrs. Powers will be the only other woman aboard.

Final “sail by mail” cruise touch: cachets are being carried for stampcollecting friends.

Fiji Revenue Exceeds Estimates Prom Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Nov. 9.

FOR the nine months ended September 30, Customs revenue in Fiji showed a net increase on the estimate of £6,900. Import duties were £331,993, an increase of £4,768.

Directors of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing Limited, New Guinea, have declared a dividend of 3d. per share, payable on December 17. 56 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

s its.

RENTA marine engines For power and quiet smooth running the Penta Twin is unrivalled. The most popular of the Penta range, it is fully equipped with fine built-in Reverse Gear, and overhead raised chain starter. Runs for approx. 2 hours on 1 gallon petrol with speed up to 12 m.p.n.

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Also single, four and six cylinder engines up to 100 H P.

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SHIPCHANDLERY and Mining Gear We have large and complete Stocks of Shipchandlery and Mining Gear. Boat fittings of all descriptions manufactured in our own marine foundry.

We are manufacturers of the wellknown “Pioneer” brand Ash Oars and Tool Handles. Write for free catalogue of any line which may interest you.

Tilley Lamps

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Outboard Motors

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CABLES: ‘KOPSEN”, SYDNEY.

New Caledonia Personality

Treatment Of

MALARIA The Value of Atebrin TKE following is part of a letter received from Messrs. Wm. Breckwoldt & Co., of Rabaul, agents in the Pacific Islands for Bayer products:— “In the October issue of the ‘P.I.M.’ is an article ‘Fight Against Malaria— Use of Plasmoquine and Atebrin in the Southern States of America’.

“In this article there are certain arguments against the use of Atebrin. The statements are. surely of several years ago. We can only say that Atebrin has proved very successful in the Pacific Islands and that we have an increasing turnover. You may ask the local doctors for their opinions and you will find that they prescribe more and more Atebrin tablets as well as Atebrin injections.

“Furthermore, the writer took Atebrin tablets regularly (every two months, 15 tablets) first in Africa and then in the Pacific Islands, since 1933, and did not suffer from malaria.

“We are enclosing some articles written^,® n T pJ?if v^ lb fPom^^es^rs^Bayer 6 Ig"

A G the Farbenmdustne A.G., o Leverxusen, tne manufacturers of Atebrin.

A great deal of matter relating to anti-malaria drugs has been sent to us. matter “has manu- 3 facturers of the drug, who naturally are interested in its sale; whereas the article we quoted in August came, we believe, from a completely disinterested source, That article, while critical, did not condemn Atebrin, however, and, in view of that fact, and the good standing of the Bayer firm, we quote the following from an article supplied by Messrs. Breckwoldt: — “The League of Nations, and more particularly the Malaria Commission which it expressly called into existence, could not fail to consider the important question: which drugs are most suited for treatment and prevention of 'malaria?

“During the years 1934-36 the Commission tested this problem in Algeria, the Malay States, Italy, Rumania and the U.SS.R., in over 12,000 patients suffering from malaria. The results of the tests have now been published in the Fourth Report of the Malaria Commission of the League of Nations, and may be summarised as follows: — “On almost all the developmental forms of the casual agent of malaria the modern synthetic drug Atebrin acts more quickly and more powerfully than quinine. The typical manifestations of the malarial attack are more intensively affected by Atebrin than by the media which have previously been at our disposal, and—a matter of special importance—the protection against relapses lasts longer when Atebrin is used. The proportion of relapses amounted, with earlier methods of treatment, to 50 per cent, or more. By means of Atebrin, discovered a few years ago in the Bayer laboratories, the relapse rate could be reduced to a small fraction of this figure.

“Other important points are the harmlessness and satisfactory toleration shown by this drug, which brings about a cure of malaria within 5-7 days, whereas previously courses lasting as long as 30 days A recent photograph of Mr. Nicholas (“Tibby”) Hagen, merchant and shipowner, of New Caledonia, in his office in Noumea. Behind him is seen his famous painting, “Footsteps in the Sand’’, concerning which he can tell an interesting story of early days in the Pacific. 57 Pacific Islands Mbnthl y—D eceniber 15, 1938

You are cordially invited to visit our Showrooms. msonablp uqqralions Whether intended for gifts or for personal needs Noyes Bros, offer a wide range of high quality lines suitable for Christmas. They include: China and Glassware. Silverware, Cutlery Radio Receivers, Vacuum Cleaners. Electric Hot Water Jugs.

Toasters, Electric Fans. Electric Irons, Reading Lamps, Gramophone Pick-ups and Turntables, and for BETTER LIGHT-BETTER SIGHT. USE CROMPTON LAMPS.

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“In the Report emphasis is also laid on the reliable effect of Atebrin as a preventive measure against malaria. To take it twice weekly confers certain protection without in the least affecting working capacity or general health.”

Mr. E. Quin, of the Samoan Administration, reached New Zealand with his wife and daughter by the last “Maui Pomare” on leave.

Mr. R. Reed, who conducts the Rabaul dairy, returned to New Guinea in mid-November after a visit to the country districts of New South Wales.

Dr. Margaret Mead (who, in private life, is Mrs. Gregory Bateson) who has been studying native life in Bali, Dutch East Indies, for some time, arrived in Sydney with her husband early in December and will remain in Australia for several weeks. Dr. Mead is well-known in most of the Pacific Islands on account, first, of her anthropological studies and second, because she is the author of a number of interesting books based on Islands life. She is now planning another book about Bali.

How A Bridge Was

BUILT Forgotten Bit of Fiji History Letter to the Editor OVER the caption “Sigatoka River Bridge on the New Highway, Eastward of Suva, Fiji”, there appears in your issue of October a photo of the C.S.R. Co.’s railway bridge spanning the Sigatoka River at Na Vunasalu. It is a good photo of the bridge, but the caption is misleading inasmuch as it conveys the impression that the bridge is of recent erection. It is quite true that the traffic portion of that structure now forms part of the Queen’s Highway Road westward of Suva, but it was built by the C.S.R. Co, some 28 years ago.

A perusal of the Fiji Legislative Council debates of 1911 will enlighten those who desire to learn how the C.S.R. Co., came to construct—at its own expense— an additional width of bridge, when all it wanted to do was to erect one to carry its own cane trains.

In 1910, the C.S.R. Co., brought a Bill entitled “The Ba-Kavanagasau Light Railways Bill” to the Fiji Legislative Council, asking that it be passed.

The then Acting Attorney-General, Mr.

Alexander, opposed the Bill, on the grounds that it contained no provision whereby the public interests would be safeguarded. He contended, inter alia, if and when the C.S.R. Co., built a bridge over the Na Sigatoka River, that adequate facilities should be provided for the convenience of the travelling public.

He further submitted that the Co., should be compelled to deck the two bridges which it had already thrown over the Lomawai and Namarau streams.

The debates were conducted with great keenness and even led to an exchange— through the columns of the local press— of correspondence between Mr. E. Knox, general manager of the C.S.R. Co., and the Acting Attorney-General. Mr. Alexander. Mr. Knox maintained that his Co., constructed the light-tramways, including all bridges, for the sole purpose of furthering the interests of their business: that the Co.’s enterprise and canital were alone responsible; that the public of Fiji was contributing nothing towards the cost of construction and maintenance, so it was therefore manifestlv unjust that the Fiji Government should attempt to comnel his Co., to contribute anything towards the public convenience.

Mr. Alexander took un a stand completely opposite. He contended that public convenience must come first. The proof that his contention was endorsed by the Legislative Council is to be found in the facts that there is a portion of the Na Sigatoka bridge being used bv the public for general traffic —and has been so used for about 28 years—and that the bridges over the Lomawai and Namarau streams were decked and maintained by the Co., thoue-h these latter did not come into general use for many years.

Though the credit for having shouldered the exnense belongs to the C.S.R.

Co., to Sir Brickham Sweet-Escott funder whom Mr. Alexander served) and to his predecessor, Sir H. May, must be given the kudos for having taken so longsighted a view—because. I may state, the Governor did not have the undivided support of the elected side of the Council.

It cannot do any harm to let the present generation of residents in Fiii know what the Colonv owes to the far-sightedness and devotion to duty of those Administrators who have gone before.

I am, etc..

THEO. D. DIAZ.

Colo North. Fiii.

Nov., 12. 1938.

Mr. and Mrs. M. G. James reached Wellington by the November “Maul Pomare” from Ania. on leave. He is senior wireless operator in Western Samoa. 58 Pacific Islands Mon th 1 y—D ecember 15, 1938

AtV« al ® •i A an o cz Just think of the number of starts, the times you accelerate, slow down and accelerate again, the uphill as well as the flat running you do every time you take the car out. You . . . start the engine a (6) aa- £3 0 41 © drive off, gear changing slow down for a kiddie, then and accelerating . • accelerate again . • OB ZD Q> slow down for an obstructing car, then accelerate . • step on it going uphill 31r- n _ Mi call in at a friend’s place . .

Srv~ Another start, gear changing and accelerating pull up at shop then another start, changing gears and accelerating . .

This "stop-and-go" driving wastes petrol unless you drive on Shell.

The unrivalled volatility and extra energy content of Shell means many savings to you. On starting you get away immediately, because your engine develops full power at the press of the starter. With gearchanging, the surging power ensures that you change up sooner and more smoothly. You spend less time in low gears. When you accelerate swiftly you get instant response from your engine, and on bends and hills the extra power which Shell provides will take you over in M top H .

So - use the most powerful - therefore, the most economical spirit, Shell.

Saves on ''STOP-and-GO' Drivinq THE SHELL COMPANY OF AUSTRALIA LTD. (Incorporated in Great Britain) OS. 58/4 E 59 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Millions Of Good Deeds

Done Daily

IF you consider that banishing pain and illness is a GOOD DEED, then “ASPRO” is performing millions of good deeds daily. For | “ASPRO” the DAY OF SERVICE is a full one—it is busy everywhere 1 all over the globe—dispelling all kinds of Pain and Headaches in some places, banishing Colds, ’Flu and Rheumatism in others. Then again, i “ASPRO” brings sweet sleep to the sleepless, soothes the irritable and i quickly removes the cause of many minor everyday complaints, j “ASPRO” is therefore, an ideal “GOOD SCOUT”, ready to do a good deed anywhere, at any time. You will save time, trouble, temper and expense by always having “ASPRO” on hand ready for any | emergency.

Do You Know that the Famous . . .

YOUNGER STOVES and RANGES made with extended Firebox specially for long Wood fuel, are Self-Setting and, provided sufficient Flue Piping is attached, can be used in almost any position?

The No. 7W " Younger" Ranger can now be supplied fitted with Legs, as per illustration.

Ask tor quotation for this Range, also Illustrated Catalogue and Price List for both Single and Double Oven Stoves.

G. FLETCHER & SON 50 Oxford Street, Sydney Younger Stoves are Widely Used Throughout the Pacific Islands.

Stranded In Suva Absence of Southwards Transport THERE is an extraordinary shortage of passenger accommodation on liners running between Fiji and Australia and New Zealand and it was reported in Auckland at the end of November that visitors held up in Suva had taken unusual steps in order to secure transport.

One man stowed himself away aboard the “Mariposa”, and when the vessel was at sea presented himself to the purser and tendered his fare. He was accommodated in the ship’s hospital.

Other men have secured precarious passages on cne or two yachts which nave called at Suva on their way to Auckland.

But the position at the end of Novem- Iber was that there were at least 50 people in Suva clamouring for passages to Australia and New Zealand, and everything seemed to be booked out for some weeks ahead.

Mr. Len Freeman, of Sydney, has been elected to fill the vacancy on the Council of the Pacific Islands Club, owing to the resignation of Major H. S. Robinson, of the Melanesian Mission, due to pressure of other duties. Mr. Freeman is a New Zealander.

Mr. L. H. Allman, representative of R.C.A. Photophone (A/sia.), Ltd., left Sydney by the November “Niagara” for Suva. Fiji, where he will install new motion picture equipment at the “Lilac” theatre. He will also inspect the sound equipment of several other theatres on Viti Levu.

ROBERT RASCH, OF NAURU, DEAD AT 86 THE death occurred on October 31 in his home at Ana, Ewa district, Nauru, of the oldest European inhabitant of the island, Herr Ludwig August Robert Rasch, a summary of whose life story, including a period of over fifty years’ residence on Nauru, was published in the August Deceased, who was 86 years of age, was little known to the Europeans of the island, having spent his last few years in close association with his family. A copy of the photograph published in the “P.1.M.” in September, taken this year on the occasion of his birthday, had been sent to his people in Konigsberg, East Prussia, some weeks prior to his death.

His body was interred beside that of his native wife, who predeceased him by some years. The funeral service was conducted by Rev. Father Al. Kayser. M.S.C.. and was attended bv the Acting Administrator (Dr. T. M. Clouston) and members of deceased’s Nauruan family.

Dr. R. Ford and Mr. K. Clinton are at present in the Trobriand Group, Eastern Papua, carrying out investigations on behalf of the Administration into the prevalence of leprosy and venereal disease among the Papuans.

Mr. B. W. Faithorn has taken charge of the Papuan Government’s experimental station on the Kemp Welch River, Central Division, relieving Mr. C. E.

Heiner.

Seated: The late Robert Rasch. Standing: Messrs. V. Purcell (left) and K. Tingman, two members of the British Phosphate Commission on Nauru Island. 60 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

One Lamp for every purpose In or Outdoors TILLEY ii

All-Purpose” Lamp

Light of 300 c.p. for 4 hours for Id. Burns Ordinary Kerosene This Lamp is designed for general all-round service. It is the cheapest Vapour Lamp on the market, but at the same time highly efficient in every detail and simple to operate. Can be carried about as Storm Lantern in the fiercest gale; used as a Hanging Lamp (indoors or out) by fitting 12ins. Reflector which slides on to the Suspension Wire; or turned into a Table Lamp by just detaching the Suspension Wire. The light is perfectly steady and unaffected by draughts, however severe. Lamp is strongly made of polished brass. Burner hood enamelled in bright colours. Reflector is enamelled white. Get rid of all antiquated devices and use this up-to-date All-British Tilley Lamp.

Obtainable throughout the Pacific Islands from the Branches of: BURNS PHILP & CO.. LTD., ana BURNS PHILP (SOUTH SEAS) CO.. LTD.

E.X. 4.

CLARENCE ST.

SYDNEY If any difficulty, write direct to: THE TILLEY LAMP CO. (Dept. P.M.), HENDON, LONDON, N.W.4.

Spare Parts and Lamps yy KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD. also obtainable from—

"Charlie" Wurth

Popular Official Retires From Papuan Service From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Dec. 2.

THE Hon. C. T. Wurth, Commissioner for Lands and Agriculture and Director of Mines in the Territory of Papua, finally left Papua on November 29, when he took his long leave. On its termination he will retire from the public service, after 29 years’ service.

Mr. Wurth was born in Queensland exactly 57 years ago. At an early age, he enlisted for service in the South African War, and later entered the service of the South African Government. Then he joined the Queensland Government service, and remained until 1909, when he crossed over to Papua and joined the public service in March, nearly 30 years ago.

Mr. Wurth’s duties first took him to the Northern and North-eastern Division where, at the time, the goldfields on the Mombare and Yodda had attracted a large community of miners; and, during this remarkable period, Mr.

Wurth held the position of Resident Magistrate.

In 1914, Mr. Wurth volunteered for war service. At the cessation of hostilities he was transferred to Buna, and as R.M. of this and other stations, eventually became Resident Magistrate of the Central Division, stationed at Port Moresby. In 1936, he was appointed Commissioner of Lands and Agriculture and Director of Mines. Since his appointment. he has been faced, not only with awakened interest in agriculture— rubber in particular—but with extensive work in connection with the operations of tne different oil companies prospecting for oil in the territory, to whom he has given every assistance. “A tiger for work, very exact, very, very honest, loyal to his salt” —that is a summing up of Hon. C. T. Wurth, who is one of the most popular officers Papua has ever known.

On November 25, at the Public Service Club, Mr. Wurth was presented with a wallet of notes by his fellow-officers.

Some very flattering things were said of him by the Lieut.-Governor’ (Sir Hubert Murray).

Airmail Services In New

GUINEA IT was formally announced in Canberra on November 25 that the New Guinea Administration had “decided to adopt air transport on a permanent and extensive scale for the conveyance of administration officers, mails and goods between various parts of the Territory”; and tenders were invited the following day for the conveyance of passengers, mails and goods by air between the Morobe towns and Madang and the Sepik for a period of two years, and between the Morobe towns and Port Moresby for a period of one year from March 1, 1939.

Such services have been carried on under contract for the administration for several years past; but Canberra and the Australian newspapers seem to think that there was something new about the arrangement.

Josaia Tawake, a trained Fijian agriculturist of considerable experience has been accepted by the Methodist Mission for service in Papua.

Annual Farce

Mandate Report At Geneva mKE annual report of the Government i of Western Samoa for the year 1937 was before the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League of Nations in Geneva recently, and the usual farce was enacted.

Dr. R. M. Campbell, Economic Adviser to the N.Z. Government in London, attended and described what New Zealand was doing to improve the health conditions and educational standard of the Samoan?.

It is reported that the Commission showed a lively interest in steps, taken and contemplated, towards giving the Samoans a larger measure of self government; and that “the general attitude was one of commendation”.

In these days, when the taxpayers of Australia and New Zealand are obliged to find enormous sums for armaments and defence, it does seem ridiculous that Australia and New Zealand should continue to pay very large amounts each year for the maintainence of the “Great White Palace” of the League of Nations at Geneva. Only Britain and France, and a host of cynical smaller nations, are now members of the League. The League is without power or influence in preventing international war; and its examination of the annual reports on mandated territories is so completely useless as to be pathetic.

Mr. R. S. Willis, Government Medical Assistant stationed at Port Moresby, Papua, with Mrs. Willis, arrived at Cairns. Queensland, in November by airliner on furlough. 61 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

WIKI. BRECKWOLDT & GO.,

South Sea Merchants

TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS: NEW GUINEA:—P.O. Box 89, Rabaul. SAMOA:—P.O. Box 124, Apia FIJI:—P.O. Box 111, Suva.

Postal Addresses:—

TAHITI:—P.O. Box 60, Papeete.

AGENTS FOR... ■ • • ATERBRIN— THE PROTECTION AGAINST MALARIA.

F A \ Aspirin Bayer— The Genuine Aspirin— And

BAYER] MEDICINES - ALL OTHER BAYER PRODUCTS.

B J STOCK ALWAYS AVAILABLE AT OUR BRANCHES.

All Orders Executed at Original "Bayer" Prices. 2 Tonner Type, L. 1,500 -45 H.P. just arrived in Rabaul for demonstration. Fuel consumption— -28 miles on one gallon only of Shell Dervoil Medium, costing 1 lid. in Rabaul.

Prices for all types, up to loading capacity of 12,000 lbs., and for special types, on application.

CONTINENTAL" Tyres and Tubes tor Motor Cars and Bicycles.

DEUTZ and MERCEDES-BENZ" Diesel Marine Engines.

"PETROMAX" Hurricane Lanterns (fncandesc.) and Lamps. (Not Agents for Tahiti).

"TIGER BRAND" Corrugated and Flat Galvanised Ironsheets.

"TAIFUN" Bicycles and Accessories.

"TWO LIONS" Best Known Quality of A.l. Butcher Knives.

"BREWO" Razor Blades, Black, Brown, Blue, Pink, Silver.

"TORPEDO", "BIJOU" and "ERICA" Typewriters, Portable and Office.

"BECK' S" "Key Brand" German Lager.

"TELEFUNKEN" Wireless Sets, Battery and Current. Best results obtained.

Many Sold, Ever-increasing Turnover.

ALSO ALL TRADE LINES OF GERMAN, BRITISH, CONTINENTAL, JAPANESE AND CHINESE ORIGIN LIEBERMANN, WAELCHLI & CO., Kobe, Yokohama, Tokio and Shanghai.

JOHN CAMPBELL & CO., SYDNEY. (All Australian Goods.)

Mercedes-Benz Diesel Trucks

HANOMAG" Diesel Tractors.

ANCRE" Cast Iron Sauce Pots FROWO" Hurricane Lanterns.

ARARA" Gas Stoves. # VESTA" Sewing Machines.

LOHSE" Uralt Lavender.

BREWO" Swedish Axes and Hatchets.

ARVSKA" Swedish Axes and Hatchets.

PLEASE NOTE: Obt Trademark.

We sell WHOLESALE ONLY but, upon application, we will supply names of firms at all places in the Pacific Islands retailing our goods upply the goods. 62 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, I§BB

\ Dr Henri'S

NU-VIGOR ViTALITt PILLS OOHINRIS NU-£Vsc3R ':h Ipu'sf kk: MEN

Take Dr. Henri’S

Nu-Vigor Vitality Pills for loss of power and nervous exhaustion. They give wonderful results where overwork, worry, nerve weakness, etc., causes loss of those vital powers so necessary for the full enjoyment of life.

They are made in two strengths to suit individual cases. Week’s supply 3/6, one month’s treatment 10/6. Obstinate cases should take the Extra-Strong Prescription, 7/6 and 21/—stimulates the organs.

Post FREE in plain wrapper. Call or Write for literature and Free Advice to H. P. MICHAEL, S&.

CHEMIST.

Michael’s Buildings, Cor. Elizabeth & Lonsdale Streets, MELBOURNE.

Medical Goods

Best Quality. Lowest Prices.

All Guaranteed.

Write for FREE “Book of Knowledge” Catalogue and Price Lists Medical Goods etc. All Goods sent Post Free, plain wrapper, return mail. Strictly confidential. LADIES! Let the Secura Nurse advise you in the selection of your intimate Medical requirements.

It Attracts They Eat It They Die

IUSOLINE Tfc ***• ' - .

VfrCd CERTAIN DEATH NEVER KNOWN TO FAIL !

COCKROACH DESTROYER

It'S A Paste

AUSOLINE CO., 314 CROWN STREET, SYDNEY (Established 191®) PRICES: lib. 5/- . . . 3lbs. 10/- Postage Extra.

Remit Cash with Order.

Obtainable also from Islands stores of: BURNS, PHILP & Co. Ltd.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd.

Why Not Consult The Officials?

Canberra, and Problems of New Guinea Letter to the Editor IT is to be regretted that, with the unlimited supply of sound data available amongst Administration representa tives in this (Morobe) District, no one has officially sought the advice or recommendations of such outstanding officials as Taylor, Feldt. Penglase, Roberts, Downing, Kyle, Vial, Black and other District and Patrol Officers, concerning the value of Lae and* Wau as administrative centres, and concerning the best way of opening up the country. These are all .able and respected men, whose advice would certainly be worth having.

Moreover, they are beyond bribery or corruption, both in regard to “partyfunds ’, or political influence. They have no axe to grmd, neither are they looking for spoils to be gamed as a result of their recommendations, if consulted.

It was, and still is, generally accepted that the Selection Committee were a practical and honest comomation, and it will ever remam a mystery to the people of New Guinea, as well as those outside, why then recommendations were not accepted. If they were incompetent, then why were they selected for such an important work? If they were not, then it was a waste of money to send them on what now appears a wild goose chase.

I am. etc., SALAMAUA.

New Guinea, 21/11/’3B.

Editorial Note

It is surprising to know that those well-known officials have not been consulted. (It is presumed that our correspondent knows what he is talking about./ Still, the intelligent people at Canberra who ignore the Territory officials now, ignored them in exactly the same way when Administrators were wanted for New Guinea, Northern Territory, Norfolk Island and Nauru. Ex-politicians and exsoldiers, with no experience of tropical administration, have been appointed to the chief positions, and the proved and experienced men of the tropical services have been passed over.

That vicious system has persisted for years. It was typical of the administrations of Sir George Pearce and Mr.

Hughes; and it is almost too much to hope that the new Minister (Mr. Harrison) will break it down.

Iron Ore In New Guinea

A DEPOSIT of iron ore is known to exist on New Britain (Mandated Territory of New Guinea), but the full extent of the deposit is not known (according to an official statement made in Canberra).

The deposit has been examined by official geologists and by private enterprise. In 1936 the geologist of the New Guinea Administration reported on the deposit, and stated: “Outcrops of highgrade magnetite ore occur in several places. Owing to the absence of developmental work, even surface costeaning, it is difficult to form an estimate of the true extent of the ore bodies”.

Sir Walter McNicoll (Administrator of New Guinea) said in Sydney that these iron deposits were poor and apparently of little value.

Typically Tropic

You can read about the guile and the lure of tropic isles.

And the devastating mischief that they do; How a tired young baronet will fall there for all the wiles, And will buy himself a native wife or two.

You can read of stirring pictures where he sits upon a mat, While half-a-dozen kids ‘are playing round; And he’s smoking trade tobacco; thinking this, and thinking that, And his wives sit at his feet there on the ground.

You can travel through the Islands, or you can take it just from me These pathetic little tales are “all my eye”.

They’re a worn out tropic topic; something that you’ll never see; They are libels, and are tales that I deny.

We may be at times romantic in our lazy sort of way, And watch a sun-set from the tropic sand; Or, at times when forced to rise, we will greet the break of day As a sight that’s really swish—you understand.

It’s not often that we moon about the wonderful lagoon, Or the stately palms that wave their heads on high.

We are “tuning-in” to Sydney, Singapore or else Rangoon— There are times, too, when we wear an ev’ning tie.

We’re a fairly moral crowd—and the wives we have are white, And our kiddies are at school in cooler climes; If we’re sun-kissed, we are normal—or. at least, I hope I’m right— We are typically tropic—with the times —Don Gordon Mr. J. I, Blaikie, Headmaster of the King George V. School at Tarawa, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, has been appointed Superintendent of Police on Ocean Island, according to a recent notice issued by the Colonial Office. London.

Mr. D. Eden, of Vailele, Western Samoa, is at present in New Zealand on furlough with his wife and two sons. 63 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecem b e r 15, 1938

TEVIOT COLLEGE, Killara, Sydney, N.S.W.

A Boarding School for Boys, 4 to 1 5 years, situated in a healthy and idea! position on the North Shore heights.

The purpose uf the School is to provide an education, calculated to develop well-balanced minds and bodies, to encourage initiative and breadth of outlook, and to stimulate the formation of wholesome Christian character in a homely atmosphere.

Boys from THE ISLANDS may spend School Vacations at the School Seaside House.

Prospectus on application. Principals: j j^ now a |g S ' g P m & v \ % 1 r ' 3 NGASSE \ X "471 I"

Classic Eau de Cologne The world's favourite invigorating, fragrant and cool.

"Tosco" Eau de Cologne A happy union of a glamorous perfume with the freshness of Classic Eau de Cologne, "Rhinegold" Eau de Cologne A happy union of an elusive, subtle perfume with the freshness of Classic Eau de Cologne.

Representative: Robert Blau (Aust.)

A.C.A. Building, Cnr. King & York Streets, Sydney

Miss E. Downs, of the London Missionary Society, arrived back in Samoa by the November “Maui Pomare” after short furlough in New Zealand.

Mr. and Mrs. F. W. Brooks arrived in Australia from Suva by the “Monterey” recently to make their home in Sydney.

For the past 30 years. Mr. Brooks has been in the employ of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., in the Labasa District.

Rev. E. and Mrs. Fenn, of the London Missionary Society, Aird Hill. Papua, received many congratulations in November on the birth of a daughter.

Mr. Simeon Lewis Lazarus, Second- Lieutenant in the Fiji Defence Force, married Miss Betty Jane Kearsley at the Suva Holy Trinity Pro-Cathedral in November. They spent their honeymoon cruising in the Group on board the bridegroom’s yacht “Cimba”.

Pattern Service

pACH month we publish a Fashions design, “ patterns of which may be purchased by our readers direct from this office. post free. To obtain a pattern, print your name and address below, giving the number of the pattern and the bust size, and send to “Pattern Department”, Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, G.P.0., Sydney; enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps.

It will be sent by return mail.

Name Address Pattern Number Size Rev. Henry Whyte, accompanied by his wife, departed from Sydney for New Zealand by the “Niagara” on November 24 to join the “Matua” for Western Samoa where they will engage in work for the London Missionary Society. For the past eight years, Mr. Whyte has been minister of the Congregational Church at Ipswich, Queensland.

H6355.—This delightful suit of spotted uncrushable linen is made in cool green, or smart navy fabric. The shirt has the tailored appearance which modern women demand for sportswear, and the shorts are fully pleated for comfort. In these utility garments, simplicity of making is combined with smartness and comfort.

Material: three and seven-eighth yds. (36 in. wide). Sizes: 32, 34, 36, 38, and 40 inch bust measurements. Pattern—1/ld. 64 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

“ALNWICK”

KINDERGARTEN 14 BUNDARRA ROAD, BELLEVUE HILL, SYDNEY.

Boarding School for Children from 2 years.

Qualified Nurse and Teachers.

Special attention to health and diet.

Individual Training under ideal conditions of climate and environment.

MISS E. WARRELL, Principal.

Tel.: FM 5638.

Skip The Flattery Darling, My

JANTZEN TAKES CARE OF THAT".

I! m She wears Jantzen s “Clipper” * Suit.

He wears Jantzen’s “Half - Hitch Trunks.

JANTZEN (AUST.) LTD., Lidcombe, N.S.W.

Sleek flatterers these marvellous new Jantzens. Lovely fabrics slenderise you. Meticulous tailoring, with deftly placed bralines or bra-lifts, accent your loveliness and gently restrain unruly curves. Jantzen gives you all this, plus that lasting good fit, which means lasting good style—and that’s where Jantzen achieves its greatest triumph. kqisen.

At Blue Mountains—Springwood. N.S.W.

Springwood Ladies' College Est. 1897. Kindergarten to Leaving Certificate. Tennis, Riding, Swimming. Team Games. Unequalled climate. Pure Jersey Milk. Senior and Junior Houses. Open-air sleeping. Inclusive fees. Special vacation arrangements for Island pupils. | M. E. DURAND, Principal.

Fashion Hints for Islands Women By Therese SOME of the new Continental prints are really exquisite. Their colourings are marvellous, their patterns unique, and they wash and wear like mad.

Colour, whimsy and richness have been woven into Fashion’s new patterns. Pastels no longer take pride of place in summer weather; and bold reds, marine blues, emeralds, and clear yellows are well to the fore. The linens are printed and woven in the most fascinating designs—all of them appealing.

December being holiday time, sports clothes and beach wear become of paramount importance, and boldly patterned materials are the perfect medium for their expression. Gay sun-suits of patterned linen are covered with kneelength coats or short jackets which go equally successfully over brief bathers.

Swim suits, by the way, are breath taking—lovely figured garments of ruched rubber that is as fine as silk and demure cotton ones almost like play suits in design. Whatever your choice, it is sure to meet with instant approval.

The black swim suit retains its popularity, giving as it does that lovely slender appearance; while the girl who picks on a white suit will be the belle of the beach.

All sorts of head gear is worn for the seashore. Quaint bonnets give the maximum amount of protection from the sun. Large coolie hats are equally effective. For the girl who seeks the suntan skin, peasant handkerchiefs may be worn in a variety of ways. Beach accessories grow more intriguing than ever, and the latest oiled silk lined holdalls, patterned in nautical designs, are indispensable.

CLOTHES for holiday wear are particularly attractive. Uncrushable silk linens make the most delightfully cool frocks. The shirt-maker style' gives wide scope for various neck-line and skirt treatments. Culottes are deserved- Iv in the picture and it is only the most discerning eye that sees them for what they really are.

Evening frocks for summer wear are ideal. A delightful gown seen recently comprised navy blue hail spot muslin with the skirt cut on the cross and with low cut bodice and wide shoulder straps.

Pioue. both plain and figured. Is used to make the most effective gowns and cannot be surpassed for coolness and chic.

Gailv flowered cotton chintz is utilised for dinner frocks. A frock of this material is shirred all over the bodice and down the side to the hips fitting the form snugly and allowing for a smooth front and graciously full skirt. The puff sleeves are also shirred i"to a little band.

Organdies and voiles in floral and check designs and in lovely pastels also look unbelievably cool.

THE search for new hat styles is almost feverish. With the hair sweeping upwards, hats follow suit and a swirl of ostrich feathers sweeps up and forward. Lots of the new hats have feather and flower trimmings in modified forms, and an enormous number of veils are still worn. For smart afternoon wear, large hats in lace or filmv materials match the gowns. These have moderate close fitting crowns and the wide brims swerve boldly off the face and down towards the sides.

Flat tailored hats are chosen with shirt-maker and formal tailored frocks and the brims vary in width. The trimmings. again, show the upward and forward movement and grosgrain ribbon is stiffened to make bows that shoot out at all angles. Toques are making a bid for recognition. They are immensely intriguing and most of them have a high point somewhere or stick a quill at a jaunty angle.

CLOTHES for the return to city life are delightful. There is a predominance in blousing both back and front in dresses and coats and the small sash that is worn ties at the back, pro- 65 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Methodist Ladies’ College

IrtlliiiiigiliS BURWOOD SYDNEY, (N.S.W.) A College of Distinction.

Founded in 1886 for the express purpose of providing a Girls’ Day and Boarding School of the highest order. Complete curriculum from Kindergarten to University. Noted results in Public Examinations. For senior girls, the School offers —Leaving Certificate class —Secretarial course—Special Finishing class.

Every Home Care for Oversea Girls.

New Term: February 7th,*1939. Personal interviews after January 31st.

Principal: Headmistress: REV. H. C. FOREMAN, M.A. MISS M. H. SUTTON, M.8.E., B.A.

MODERATE FEES—PROSPECTUS FROM THE PRINCIPAL. Telephone: UJ 4166.

NEWINGTON COLLEGE rniinmmnmmiiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiinin STANMORE, SYDNEY, N.S.W, ESTABLISHED 1863 One of the Great Public Schools of N.S.W.

For Parents in the Islands, Newington offers the ideal Home School for Boys of all Ages.

Education Recreation Characterbuilding.

New Preparatory School, to accommodate 150 scholars, and embodying the maximum of modern teaching aids and domestic comforts, will re-‘ ceive young boys from next term. Prospectus and all particulars from: Headmaster: P. R. Le Couteur, M.A. (Melb. et Oxon.) ’Phone: LM 5355. New Term commences February 7th, 1939.

Diabetes treated without Injection, Pasting or Pietlng! Free—New Book, entitled “A Treatise on Diabetes—lts Cause and Treatment”, explains fully this latest theory. Successful home method. Write CHEMISTS’ SUPPLIES CO., Dept. P.M., Box 1178, Christchurch, N.Z. (Kindly enclose 6d. stamps . for handling). ducing a very youthful effect. Gathered and gracefully draped afternoon frocks are well to the fore, and there is a revival of the shoulder height achieved by padded rolls at the tops of the sleeves.

The two-piece never loses its popularity. It always takes a place in Fashion’s scheme of things in every season.

Simple swing-back coats of threequarter length are worn over well-cut frocks with a draped sash for colour contrast. Evening dresses grow wider and wider and the modified bustle appears with greater frequency, IN house gowns nowadays there is no room for fluffiness—they are simple, beautifully cut gowns of satin and chiffon and gay cottons. They can be worn for informal entertaining and no wardrobe should be without them. Pyjama ensembles are delightfully new. The softly tailored pyjamas are worn with a three-quarter length coat and are ideal for cruising or travelling. They are made in the most fascinating striped silks — some of them rainbow-like in effect.

Mr. A. J. Mclver left Sydney for Pt.

Moresby, Papua, by the “Macdhui” on December 10, on his way to Daru where he is employed by Islands Exploration Ltd., as an engineer.

Mr. J. B. Mackay, Patrol Officer in the New Guinea Administration at Madang, departed from Sydney for the Mandated Territory by the last “Macdhui”. He had been in Sydney two months on sick leave.

Planters and the Big Firms How to Improve The Position in N. Guinea Letter to the Editor AS a resident of the Territory since 1919 I read, from time to time, with great interest, your comments on the administration and progress of New Guinea under the Mandate.

I am not one of those who decry what has been done by our Australian officials there. If what has been accomplished had been the result of a Five Year Plan (so popular these days) and carried out in that time, those results would be very creditable. But when we realise that it is the position achieved after 24 years’ occupation, and 18 years of civil administration, there is not so much to be proud of.

If Australians are to retain this Territory, the tempo must be accelerated and a period of real long-sighted development entered upon.

The discovery and development of the goldfields has assisted greatly, and the Administration has been fortunate in having this development by private enterprise, and the revenue therefrom, to cover up the results of absence of organised development in other directions.

That we are not now faced with a just claim that, as a colonising effort, our occupation has been a failure, is due to the dogged persistence of the planters and to the commercial enterprise of the two big firms (Burns, Philp and Co.

Ltd. and W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd.) and such efficient mining companies as Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., New Guinea Goldfields Limited, and also Guinea Airways and the plucky pilots. The two commercial firms have practically had a monopoly of the copra and trading business, and undoubtedly assisted planters to survive the previous great depression; but they did so at great profit to themselves (vide the very apparent progress of W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd. and the disclosed and undisclosed profits and strengthening of Burns, Philp and Co.

Ltd.).

The Commonwealth Government came to the assistance of purchasers of expropriated plantations by agreeing to a most reasonable scheme of payments on the fluctuating price of copra. Having done this, however, the Government is not following up its action by seeing that its proteges (the returned soldier planters) get the full benefit of its scheme.

The parity of copra to London is now less favourable than in the time of the depression. The average “tied” planter gets £3 to £4 under London price, on the beach, and this difference, plus exchange premium of 25 per cent., goes to the firms and transporters. On a £lO London market this is undoubtedly the lion’s share; and so, as you remarked in 66 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

LOVELY Mike LINGERIE

For Yo U - Lovely Lady

12.L1 THE feminine heart has never fluttered for more exquisite lingerie than Lustre is showing for this Christmas.

It is so appealingly lovely and glamorous.

New colours, new fabrics, new styles all contribute to joyous moments in the choosing of Lustre lingerie, and the giving or wearing of it afterwards. ■ i=»& 1 From any Burns Philp Store or direct by mail from any Australian store. one of your articles, copra production is “only a bread and butter business, and not too much butter”.

During the depression, planters were able to do little to free themselves from their tying agreements with the firms and the present unfavourable market, plus the heavy charges for freights, marketing, interest, stores, etc., binds them closer in their toils.

Lack of healthy competition, due to this financial position, is one of the chief troubles. If planters were free to negotiate freely with the firms, and cooperate to get better prices and cheaper supplies, the position would be much easier, and there would be a greater incentive to development, and a healthier tone in the agriculture of the Territory —which must, in the long run, be its mainstay.

The Commonwealth Government proposes shortly to inaugurate a Mortgage Department of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia; and thereby it has a chance of lending valuable assistance to the planters, by opening a branch of the new department in New Guinea and taking over the tied advances of planters from the firms on a reasonable basis. This would “unfreeze” the position, and give the planters new hope; and would give the firms extra capital for transport services and other means of marketing their produce.

It would also encourage healthy competition. The bank could secure itself through control of the distribution in big lots of copra, might be able to secure better prices, if the firms do not do their part in that direction.

The Administration and, still more, the Commonwealth Government, could be of real assistance to our New Guinea colonists if they would take an intelligent and constructive interest in these matters.

In spite of conditions very unfavourable as compared with those prevailing at the time of the sale of the expropriated properties, planters have carried on their part in populating and developing the Territory during the past 12 years, and, like us all, they are getting no younger. It is too late for most of them to think of starting again in Australia in new ventures, even if 10 to 20 years in the tropics has not unfitted them .for other conditions.

The success of the pioneers would be the best means of encouraging future settlement of the Territory by Britishers.

Japan has over 50.000 Japanese (over 60.000, now.—Ed. “P.1.M.”) settled in the relatively small area of their Pacific Mandate. Australian and other white people will only go to New Guinea if they are encouraged to do so by the success of those already there.

If they live reasonably well, and do not go too long without a holiday to temperate climates, whites can keep healthy in most parts of New Guinea, but they must be able to set aside sufficient money to enable them to send their children to Australia for education, if there is not to be race degeneration.

It is hoped that recent changes in the responsibility for Territory affairs augurs well for a keener interest in Territory matters.

I am, etc., RABAUL ASIAN.

Sydney. 19/11/1938.

Mr. Tom Nevitt, M.L.C., well-known Papuan planter, left Sydney for Port Moresby, Papua, by the “Macdhui” on December 10.

Cook Islands Notes

From Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, Nov. 17.

ONCE a year the Catholic Church congregation hold an evening service in their Nikao cemetery. This is known to the natives as the ‘Tu Rama” (to light), and every grave is decorated with flowers, while hundreds of candles are placed on the tombstones and crosses. The service this year, held recently by candle-light, was most impressive and solemn, and was attended by over 2,000 people.

“Matua’S” Schedule Altered

On account of the recent watersiders’ strike in N.Z., the schedule of the Union Co.’s motorship “Matua” has been altered. To allow her to leave on the usual mailing date in January, Rarotonga’s call is being omitted next month.

The December cargo of bananas from Rarotonga will be lifted by a cargo boat calling on its way to N.Z, from America.

Tahiti Yacht At Rarotonga

Some time ago Mr. W Wlgmore, well-known Cook Islands planter, left by the local schooner “Tagua” to visit his plantation on Raiatea Island in the Society Group, French Oceania.

Wishing to return to Rarotonga, Mr. Wigmore found that the only way ne could do so was by chartering a yacht. This week the 40 ft. yacht “Nani” sailed into Avarua Harbour with Mr.

Wigmore as passenger, after taking six days to do the 600-odd miles from Tahiti.

New Zealand Bound

Leaving by the November “Matua” for New Zealand are the following:—Mr. and Mrs. Wm.

Tailby, Mr. and Mrs. R. Walker, Mr. and Mrs.

J. W. W. Graham, Miss Paynter, and Mr. Ford.

Miss I. Tooth, who, for the past two years, has been on the nursing staff of the Government Hospital at Apia, Western Samoa, returned to New Zealand by the “Maui Pomare” in December. 67 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Pour weeks ended Sept. 7.

Oct. 5. Nov. 2. Nov. 30 Ore treated, tons 14,583 13,901 13,183 13 085 Head value, dwt. 6.3 6.5 6.81 6.9 Gold, oz. fine .. 4,120.6 4,165.7 4,109.4 4,110 Residues, dwt. . 0.53 0.62 0.5 0.53 Oct. 2 Nov. 2.

Nov. 30.

Tons crushed . . 13.901 13.183 13.085 Head value, dwt. .. 6.5 6.81 6.9 Yield, oz. (est.) .. 4165.7 4109.4 4110 Dwt.. a ton .. 6.0 6.23 6.28 Tailings, dwt 0.62 0.5 0.53 Four weeks ended.

Sept. 7. Oct. 5. Nov. 2. Nov. 30.

Ore. tons .. . 2,754 2,778 3,318 3,272 Gold, fine oz. 615 662 695 671 Value (£A.) . 5,381 5.792 6,081 5,871 Year ended May 31. 1936. 1937. 1938.

Bullion, oz. 175,469 198,229 194,956 Gold, fine. oz. . 121,35* 137,325 134.715 Silver, oz 52,852 59,038 58,891 Cubic yards . . 10.915,500 11,197.000 11,222,000 Grs. fine gold per yard* 5,372 5,919 5,793 ♦Includes silver values converted into gold.

Aug. Sept. Oct.

Cubic yards .. 1,249.000 1.138,000 1,260,000 Bullion, oz 23.492 15,271 19,547 Gold, fine, oz 16,209 10.537 13.487 VALUE— Aust. currency* .. £141,829 £92,199 £118,011 Value, per c. yd. . /27.2 /19.4 /22.5 Working profit .. £100,695 £63,875 £77,192 *At £ A8/15/- per fine ounce.

Mining Ore Treatment Machinery

Complete Cyanide

Plants Supplied

Dorr Classifiers Dorr Thickeners Dorr Agifeters Oliver Filters Merril Crowe Zinc Dust Sold Precipitation Richardson Mine Fans •

Fans And Air Heaters

For Ventilation. Copra Drying Rooms, etc. • Enquire from

Crossle, Duff And

MACINTOSH LTD. 52 Bridge Street. SYDNEY Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd SYDNEY Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . . PILES . . . POLES . . . SLEEPERS, Etc.

EXPORTING TO PAclflc ISLANDS SINCE 1893 Cables: Tuxedo, Sydney A PRECIOUS METALS GOLD Throughout the length and breadth of Australasia and the Pacific Islands, we are recognised as the main clearing house for Gold and other precious metals.

Having won an enviable reputation by sheer force of merit based on accuracy of assays, efficiency of service, and prompt payments at highest ruling rates, it is to your advantage to consign your Gold to us.

We are also buyers of Osmiridium, Platinum, Silver, and other precious metals, the smallest shipment receiving the expert attention of experienced metallurgists.

GARRETT £r DAVIDSON, PTY. LTD.

BANK OF N.S.W. BUILDINGS.

REGENT & GEORGE STS., SYDNEY.

Nurse E. W. Broadhurst, of Western Australia, has joined the staff of the Methodist Mission.

Mining Notes

From Fiji EMPEROR MINES, LTD.

CUTURE of Emperor Mines, Ltd., could be 1 viewed with every confidence, said the chairman (Mr. Wallace H. Smith) at the annual meeting in Melbourne in November. All evidence pointed to a long life of uninterrupted dividends with possibilities for increased output and returns. In addition to overburden removal, opening up of sufficient working faces to permit regularity of feed, coupled with the necessity to tram additional personnel to handle the larger tonnage needed for the steady increase in output, all tended to raise costs. Now that full production has been reached, and the mine prepared for large-scale operations, it is hoped that it will be possible to further reduce costs.

The general manager (Mr. N. E. Nilsen) reported that from geological evidence there is reason to believe that further exploration will show considerable extension, laterally, as well as downward in the known lodes. Because of the great size of the bodies already disclosed, and the unusual nature of their occurrence, considerable time must elapse before all ascertainable limits have been defined at the present depth.

Recent yields compare as follows: Combined Head Value averaged 6.9 dwt. per ton New mill head value 6.9 dwt. per ton.

Pilot plant head value 5.9 dwt. per ton. New mill residues 0.53 dwt. per ton. Pilot plant residues 0.55 dwt. per ton. Concentrates from pilot plant estimated to contain 50.75 oz. fine gold stored for further treatment.

The last progress report, at the end of November, stated that over-all recovery from semisulphide ore, using cyanidation and flotation, was considered satisfactory. It was anticipated that installation of two fagergren cells just arrived at the mine would increase the capacity of this plant. Koroere Area: Chum drill tests deferred until electric transmission line completed.

General erection of lime burning plant at Tau nearly completed. Expect start furnaces early in December. Bulk oil tank at Vatia about completed.

LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES N.L.

Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L. reports that the new agitators in the treatment plant are working well, and that extraction is now over 95 per cent. The flotation section is completed, but running is delayed because of the recent strike of native labour.

Latest yields compare as follows: Announcing a dividend of 1/- a share payable on December 8, the Co.’s chairman, Mr. P. F.

Cody, addressing shareholders at the third annual meeting in November, said he confidently expected that the property in Fiji would be productive of good dividends for a long time. He hoped that dividends of 4/- a share per annum would be possible. If sufficient ore was opened up in the bottom level production might be increased, which would enable more to be paid out in dividends. Ore in sight was equal to six years’ production, exclusive of ore which should be opened up by further development.

Mt. Kasi Mines Limited

Yields from the Mount Kasi Mine, Vanua Levu, Fiji, for the past four months, are compared in the following table:— From New Guinea

Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd

A PROFIT of 3,453,463 dollars (£A908,806) was earned by Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., for the year ended May 31. 1938, before providing 322,633 dollars for amortisation. Two dividends required 3,000,000 dollars, leaving a credit balance of 2,150,310 dollars, as against 2,019,480 dollars at the beginning of the financial year.

Bullion won returned 4,73u,848 dollars and sundry income 72,340 dollars. Working costs amounted to 979,243 dollars, royalties 234,366 dollars freight refining 18.860 dollars, miscellaneous expenses 117,253 dollars.

The following table shows the production and yardage for the year, and the totals to date:— Production of the Co.’s dredges in New Guinea from August to October last was:— Throughout September the Number 2 dredge was digging in very low values to reach a new location.

DAY DAWN SOUTH (N.G.) N.L.

Directors of Day Dawn South (New Guinea), N.L., Intend to recommend that the company be wound-up, and the fund* distributed to the holders of the 82,750 shares. As a result of royalties received from tributers, the Co. has in hand £1,400. The tribute was completed on October 20, the directors state, and there is no 68 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecemher 15, 1938

Aug.

Sept.

Act.

Edie Creek mill — Gold, oz., fine .. 1,154 1,162 670 Silver, oz., fine .. 3,865 3,734 3,781 Alluvial— Gold, oz., fine .. 809 785 863 Silver, oz., fine .. 612 572 636 Golden Ridges mill- Tons treated .. 1,200 1,633 1,155 Gold, oz., fine .. 113 401 554 Silver, oz 116 542 647 Operating profit— Edie Creek .. .. £2,532 £307 £743 Golden Ridges .. £1,005* £300* £222t Alluvial 2,700 2,591 2,597 •Loss. Low grade tailings and ore treated. ■fLoss, due to low tonnage.

Quarter ended November 30 Cub. yd. Hrs. Gold, oz.

September 19,30C 552 497 October 18,100 644 450.55 November 18,378 442 537.5 Total 56,778 1,638 1,485.05 Previous quarter 80,600 1,617 834.1 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.

Cubic yards . . . . 18,497 19,644 16,073 19,154 Gold, oz 53b 359 368 445 Per cubic yard .... 4/4 2/9 3/5 1 /» 3/6 Working cost .. . . 1/2 1/0 Vs 1/2 Vs 1/3 Mine Owners and Contractors BRING YOUR PLANT Up-t O-date USE r Automatic Rockbreakers AND Drills • These Machines are a SELF-CONTAINED UNIT and require no Air Compressor or Pipe Lines. • They are ready for work at all times. d Owing to their Light Weight can be transported very easily.

Address enquiries to: Continental Compensations Pty. Ltd., 422 COLLINS ST., MELBOURNE, VIC. i!M i iM* r /r Th extraordinar advantages of our new PETROMAX Rapid lanterns and table-lamps are obvious: Due to the very high heating efficiency of the absolutely safe and automatic Partffi' pre-heating device, the usual pre heating time of about 5 minutes has been reduced to 30 seconds! m ms d 8 U W. BRECKWOLDT & CO., Robaul. Sole Agents for South Seas. possibility of arranging for a further tribute, though the results obtained indicated the need for proper development and equipment of the mine.

New Guinea Goldfields Limited

The following progress report for October has been issued by the Mining Trust Limited, consulting engineers for N.G. Goldfields, Ltd.:—

Enterprise Of N.G. Gold

Enterprise of New Guinea’s clean-up at Surprise Creek mine for November amounted to 34 oz. of retorted gold from 2,730 cubic yards of wash. Floods and heavy rains delayed operations during the month Development is now proceeding on three levels at Edie mine. Development footage for November was 325 ft. No. 2 level is in hard iron-atained quartz, assaying 10 dwt. 9.6 gr., over 30 in., at 140 ft.; and 11 dwt. 19.2 gr. at 150 ft. The steam and compressed air plant is functioning satisfactorily.

The Co. incurred a loss of £6,829 for the year ended August 31. The loss for the previous year was £7,677. Current assets at balance date exceeded outside liabilities by £3,294. A yield of 677 oz. of gold and 427 oz. of silver realised £5,760. The Surprise Creek mine earned a small working profit. Development work proceeded with encouraging results on the Edie lode. The manager (Mr. H. Taylour) states that the average value of the wash at Surprise Creek Mine is much too low under present working conditions to provide other than low returns. The Edie mine is opening up well and justifies an optimistic outlook.

SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT LTD.

Sunshine Gold Development, Ltd., New Guinea, shows a profit of £13,111 for the year ended September 30, compared with £14,123 for the previous period covering 14 months. Two dividends of 6d. each, equal to 10 per cent., require £10,000. After a transfer of £5,000 to reserve, the carry forward is reduced to £5,916 from £7,805.

The sluicing plant treated 220,800 cubic yards for a gross return of 4,159 oz., of a net value of £25,530, to which is added £777 from the Undaunted lease tribute. Working costs, including depreciation, amounted to £10,705, or 11.63d. per cubic yard. Heavy flood on the Watut River in the early part of the year caused loss of sluicing time and affected the yardage treated, the directors report. Another adverse factor was the removal of an ancient stone-slip in the face of the gravels. The Co. sluiced considerable ground outside the tested area which proved to be profitable. According to the present working plan, operations should be within the selected area for some time ahead.

Production figures for the last quarter show: — SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING LTD.

The mine manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing, Ltd., New Guinea, reported early in December that recent yields compared as follows:

Mt. Lawson Prospecting Syndicate

One of the most spectacular New Guinea syndicate stocks of the gold-mining boom period of 1935, Mount Lawson Prospecting and Option Syndicate, N.L., will go into liquidation at an early date. The Co.’s main interests were centred in New Guinea, its offshoot companies being Upper Watut Gold Alluvials and Irowat Alluvlals.

From Papua PAPUAN APINAIPI PETROLEUM CO. LTD.

NET expenditure of Papuan Aplnaipi Petroleum Co., Ltd., for the year ended June 30 the first of operations, was £8,074, including field expenditure of £6,640.

At November 5, the date of the report the Olapu bore was down 1,124 ft. Gas came in at 224 ft. and 774 ft. A slight trace of oil was noticeable at 774 ft., and was continuous to 842 ft. Oil and gas appeared again from 1,047 ft. to 1,065 ft.

The new issue of 150,000 shares of 5/- each should provide sufiicient capital, the directors state, to enable the programme set out by the technical members of tne Commonwealth Oil Advisory Committee to be carried out, thus proving the possibilities of the area, and placing the company in a position of being able to secure

Car and Radio Accumulators. Re-| built. Half usual price. Send for quotes or leave order to us. 12 months’ guarantee.

Surprise packet of Jump Out Snake Novelties. For Parties, etc., etc., 10/-, 15/-, 20/-.

Highest Grade American

Pressed Steel Model Toys

Adjustable all way Morse Code Key as illustrated. 12/6.

P.M.G. Type, 19/6.

Buzzers 2/6, 2/9, 8/6, 7/6.

No. 600—COED ROADSTER, 10/9. Exact Replica. Fitted with strong Clockwork motor, rubber tyres, etc. Length, 15in.

No. 245—CITY DELIVERY VAN, 4/6. All Steel Model, with opening door at rear xor parcels. Without Motor. Length, 12in.

No. 337—RACING CAR, 12/6. Replica of Major Seagrave’s Golden Arrow Racer.

Fitted with rubber tyres and extra strong, fast clockwork motor. Length, IBin.

No. 253 SEDAN WITH LIGHTS, 15/-, Model of Airflow Chrysler Sedan, com- Gramophone Recording Units, over-l Plete with Electric headlights, rubber head cutting Gear, with cutting tyres and strong spring motor. Length Lead; £B/10/-. Motors: 84/-, ism - £s/5/-. Microphones, Needles.

Blank Records, etc., etc. Write for particulars.

A d j u s table Electric Forehead Torch.

Fits snugly; for Professional Men B a n ds m en.

Miners, etc.: 10/6. With separate Torch Battery Container: 18/6. Batteryless Hand Torch, 25/i Heavy Duty XL Electric Solder Irons. 12 months’ guarantee. 32/6 value. NOW 22/6.

Accumulators. Unspillable genuine British Built Every Ready. 2 Volt units. NOW 18/6. Actual output, 20 amps. i\o, 215—AERIAL LADDER TRUCK, 12/6.

Model of American Fire Engine, with Extension Ladder. When the engine bumps any object, such as a wall, the ladder automatically extends. Fitted with motor. Length of Engine, 18in. Ladder extends 36in.

No. 603—ZEPHYR CAR, 6/6. Mystery Car.

Needs no winding. Smart model of Futuristic Roadster. When car is pulled oackwards slightly, it automatically speeds on its way when released. Lengtn, loin.

No. 244.—CAR & TRAILER, 15/-. This is a splendid Model of a Ford Sedan, complete with very attractive detacnabie Trailer. All equipped with rubber tyres, and Car with strong Clockwork xviotor. Length overall, approx. 24in.

Like-a-flash ‘Eliminoise’

Aerial Kit, for short or dual wave sets.

Aerial Pyrex type Insulators, transposi ti o n blocks and 200 ft. aerial wire, 22/6. Eliminates unwanted aerial and hideous electrical noises from your dual-wave or snort-wave set. ®OK3® OCCD® Goldring English Pick-up Heads. Suit and Fit all Gramophone Tone Arms.

Type 44/4 Pick-up Head with Builtin Volume Control: 19/6. Type 44/5 Pick-up Head, with Volume Control attached; 21/-. Type 33/3 Pick-up Head with Highly Polished Nickle Finish: 18/6. Bakelite Case Pick-up Head: 16/6.

Swiss Music Boxes for Cigarettes, etc.: 21/-. 25/-, 27/6.

Table Type Interesting Pin Games: 12/6, 15/-. Competition Dart Boards 21/-. Others: 2/6, 8/11, 11/6. Competition Brass and Feathered Darts 3 for 5/6. Table Tennis Sets: 7/6, 15/-. Model Aeroplane Kits, all types Write for leaflets. Draught Sets 4/6, 6/6, 10/6. Monopoly Sets: 10/6 16/6, 21/-. Big Business. A Monopoly type of game, 12/6.

V Buy assembled or build the Air Patrol 2 - valve Battery - operated Radio for all short-wave stations and broadcasts. Easy to operate change over switch. All parts £4/1/6, Valves 28/9, Batteries £2/15/9, Phones 30/-, Speaker 21/3 The set assembled and complete, £l2/14/9. Easiway Charts 6d.

Auto Sets for Cars, Planes, Launches, etc.; no Batteries needed; 2 wires to Accumulator (.only) needed: £l6/16/-. 16/-. Trouble Free £22/10/- Value.

Buy now or write for particulars.

Like-a-Fiash Super Het. Mantle Moaei Electric Radio, 1938-9 designs. £l3/10/’ value. NOW £B/10/- CASH.

Trade-in Radios, £5/10/-, £B/10/-, £l2/10/-. All reconditioned as new.

Rebuilt 4 Valve Marco 4 Battery Sets, in Console Cabinets £ 8/10/-.

A Levenson Creation; The Like-a-Flash ‘Liliiput” Portable Battery Operated Radio Receiver. IT’S NEW. 2 Valves, complete with headphones, aerial, earth, etc. Small, compact, and efficient, £7/10/- Complete. Take it with you anywhere you go. The most economical Set ever introduced. Not much larger man a cigar box.

C “Yogi”, The greatest and straightest of all tricks, match size. You keep them guessing or tracing how its done, 2/6.

Microphones. Sing, Play, Recite. Great Fun for Home, Dance, Party, etc., or for use in Factories, Stores, etc. Write for full range. Just plug leads of Pick-up into pick-up terminals of any set. 9/6 to £6/6/-. r ©o 00 //I As illustrated with long lead fitted. Splendid Reproducer.

Excel lent English Mic r o p h o ne, Table Model, with selfcontained Pre - amplifier unit In Base: 39/6.

These Microphones suit all sets. The leads plug into the Pickup terminals of the set.

Write for full illustrated list of the finest range of microphones available.

We guarantee a better price for all kinds of canvas goods, horse rugs, tents, tarpaulins, window blinds, etc.

Also material in the piece. Ask for quote.

Collaro 240 AC Electric Gramo phone Motors, complete, ready to install 49/6. Continental AC-DC 240 Type. £B/8/-. Now £5.

Valves; we guarantee a cheaper price for any replacement. Just send along your order.

“Totem”, a wellmade little game, for Homes, Clubs, Hotels, etc. Push the starting knob and off spin the 2 reels, one the horses and the ther the odds when the spin jrminates the Winner and Winer’s Price is clearly shown.

Iheat and fool-proof, 21/-.

Send for Leaflet.

Electric Dry shavers for 240 A.C. D.C. Electric supply. Write for full list.

“VICO” 75/.

Special price to traders. Write for prices. “Packard” 90/-. We stock every make.

CROWN AND ANCHOR SETS, 10/6, 5 Poker Dice, in box .. .. 7/6 and 10/6 In Leather Case, .. .. 7/6, 10/6, 12/6 Head and Tail Dice, Sets of Five, 8/6 and 11/6. Large Transparent 1 to fa Dice, 1/6 each. Extra Large 2/6.

We stock all kinds of Dice and Dice Cups.—Send for Lists.

Electric Train Sets, Loco., Tender, ana 12 Rails, 65/, 75/-, 85/-, 95/-.

Transformers, 17/6, 21/-, 25/- Extra Auto Aerials, 2 and 3 Strand Rooi Type, 31/, Collapsible Type 21/. Traders, write for Price. Just landed Range U.S.A. Types.

All Metal, Indestructible Vest Pocket Size, Quick and Easy Cigarette Maker, 6/6. •Presto”, the Mys terious Coin-Box !

The most baffling Trick ever conceived* Borrow a coin; re quest owner to mark in a way he will identify it again. In exchange for coin hai!a him a small bakelite box bound up.’

Ask him to open it. Inside he will find a match box, also securely bound. Inside this he will find a cloth bag, also bound up. When opened up, he finds the coin he marked, in the bag. This is one of the most mystifying Tricks ever performed. Price, complete with instructions: 2/6, plus postage, 3d.

Midget Single Jack 1 Hole Mounting 1/3.

“Ormond” British .00035 Single Hole Mount Variable Condensers, with 4in.

Black Polished Bakelite Dial, 15/-.

NOW 7/6.

“Pilot” U.S.A. .00035 Variable Condensers, 11/6. NOW 5/6.

Sterling Silver Cats Whiskers foi Crystal Sets 6d, Pacent” Shockproof UX Bakelite Vale Sockets. Phospher Bronze Fittings 1/3.

G r a phoscope 8/6. With It you can copy any Drawing or Photo up to size 6 x 4 in.

Write for full list of Foreign Stamps and Albums. _ Sweet Chimln g Bell. A ELECIRIC b e auti f u l BELL Unit. Works off Batt. or CJumU T ran sformer 8/6. Write for full list of Radio Gramophone Microphones.

Wates Pocket Meters: 14/-.

Reads 0 to 6, 0 to 15, 0 to 180 volts. 0 to 30 M/A. 2 Reading Pocket Volt Meters 7/6. 3 Reading Meters 10/6.

Emmicol Universal Meter 18/6. 0 to 6, 0 to 150, 0 to 30 M/A, 0 to 2000 ohms 18/6.

Electrical Continental Solder Irons, 240 volts: 15/-. 6 v.

Electric Solder Irons: 22/6.

Large 50 amp. Battery Clips: 1/3 each.

COiMOCOBD' “Like a Flash” British make Gramophone Pickups complete Richards, just arrived 25/- “Cosmocord” 25/- “Cosmocord” De Luxe 32/6 "Cosmocord” high definition 38/6 “Cosmocord” Super de Luxe 45/- Amplion (English) 28/6 B.T.H. Crystal Type 75/-.

Write for Full List.

We stock tools for all trades. Prices with pleasure.

Travel Goods, Canvas, leather and Fibre Suit Cases. Attache Cases, Kit Bags, etc., etc. Direct from the factory to you.

Levenson S Radio

_ . , ~,, _ „ .. . w Write fu Write for * Pin-Game, Punch GAMES, NOVELTIES AND HOBBIES Totem and Board 226 PITT STREET. SYDNEY odds and Leaflets Manufacturers, Importers, and Exporters. , \ Branches: Radio Cheapside, 240 a Pitt St.

N.S.W., AUSTRALIA Cable address; “Leveradioh.” Goods forwarded V.P.P. or Sight Draft. Satisfaction and Service Guaranteed. We can supply by mail all General Merchandise at a Better Price. Quotations with pleasure.

Please add freight and packing. Write for full list of interesting leaflets of Games, Hobbies, Novelties, and Electrical Goods.

Sept. Oct. Nov.

Tons 2,750 2,540 2378 Pine gold, oz 39C 334 316 Silver, oz 1,749 1,220 997 Value, £ 3,620 3,050 2,925 Residues, grs. ... 7 6 6 Sept. Oct. Nov.

Mill treated, tons .. 2,905 2,895 2,900 Bullion produced, oz. .. 2,922 2,575 2,609 Gold, fine oz 835 782 799 Silver, fine oz 1,986 1,723 1,738 Value (£A8 p. oz.) .. £6,797 £6,345 £6,493 Extra Strong Extra Low 751- bare Built by highly skilled workmen from the best available materials, the Great Western Saddle represents remarkable value at 75/-. It Is specially built to suit Island conditions with a Galvanised Tree, Copper Tacks and Brass Fillings.

Saddle Price Other Saddlery Bargains Newmarket carry a complete stock of Saddles, ranging in price to £l4/14/-.

Also Collars. Whips, Rugs, and all other Saddlery accessories. If it’s In Saddlery it’s at Newmarket.

These Saddles are obtainable through your regular agent.

Newmarket Saddlery

18 20 \\ I I SQN s 1 \r\MONNV

W. H. Williams For Safer Saddles

The Tropics Are Hard

on Ordinary Watches BUT -(She “Indestructible Lever” will stand up to the severest conditions. It will be your true companion in rain or sunshine, because it’s

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It has proved itself to be the only watch for damp or dusty districts.

The “Indestructible” Wrist Watch is warranted to give 25 years’ service, and any adjustment or regulation needed for the first 12 months are given free of charge by Angus & Coote. Time will tell how good it is.

Catalogue showing many Watches will be sent Post Free anywhere with pleasure.

ANGUS & COOTE LTD, °° tC \^NEY TKh^T <V 95/ 9/ <0 a D (1 C> With stainless steel case chrome 1i n band, it is only 95/-.

Stainless steel band of greatest durability. 10/extra.

The “Indestructible” Wrist Watch was specially made for Angus & Coote, and designed for a definite purpose. Just how successful it has been, is evidenced by the letters of appreciation received.

THE HOME BARBER'S USEFUL OUTFIT, ii

Fitted With Well-Made

RELIABLE ACCESSORIES.

THE CASE IS SOLID COWHIDE, and the equipment includes hair-cutting scissors, clippers, barbers’ comb, razor and strop. Quality is good, the articles are trustworthy, and the value wonderful for 35/-.

THE POSTAGE IS PAID BY ANGUS & COOTE,

And The Safe Arrival Of Every Article

In Good Order Is This Firm’S

RESPONSIBILITY.

ANGUS Cr COOTE # Pty. Ltd., 500 George Street, Sydney. the assistance of the Federal Government, both by subsidising expenditure and by the hire of full-sized drilling plants. The area in Papua taken over by the recently-formed £1,000,000 Co. (Australasian Petroleum Co.), the directors point out, adjoins the area held by the Apinaipi Co.

None of the 100,000 shares to be issued as fully paid to the vendors has been allotted, and the principal vendors have agreed that their vendors’ shares are not to be allotted until evidence of petroleum to the satisfaction of the directors shall have been obtained or the company disposes of its interest to another company by reformation or otherwise. Paid-up capital appears at £24,997. Cash balances at June 30 were £6,044. Preliminary expenses amounted to £4,514.

The directors state that the aerial survey of the whole of the Co. s permit area has been completed. The aerial photographs obtained will facilitate the examination and mapping of the structures.

MANDATED ALLUVIALS N.L.

The chairman of directors of Mandated Alluvials, N.L. (Mr. S. H. Carroll), said at the annual meeting in Sydney in November that it was hoped that the Co. would be on a dividendpaying basis by March or April. He described tne Co.’s position as “rather hopeful”. Had it not been for the coal strike, a dividend could have been paid now, he said.

The Co. had been handicapped by difficulty in obtaining coke and by a shortage of labour. Now, however, the position regarding the supply of coke was better than it had ever been, and there were no difficulties with either labour or the plant on the field.

It was expected, Mr. Carroll proceeded, that the plant would run for 20 days a month in the future. Difficulty in obtaining coke had prevented this rate from being reached before. During the last financial year the plant had run for only 30 days. Since the end of the year, however, it had run for 25 days. Ore reserves now exceeded the estimate of two years ago.

As far as was known, Mr. Carroll added, no further capital expenditure on plant would be necessary.

A debit of £5,935 for the year is charged to development account, and establishment expenses have been added to by £1,252. Holders of £2,380 debentures issued during the year are being asxed to defer repayment for a period of up to six months. The interest rate is 10 per cent, to September 1, and 25 per cent, after that date.

The Co. reports that the check assay of the fifth shipment of matte of 29 V 2 tons shows; Gold 322 oz., silver 620 oz., copper 11 tons. The net value of this shipment is £3,414. The net value of the total matte produced to date now amounts to £11,369.

YODDA GOLDFIELDS LTD.

The management of Yodda Goldfields, Ltd., Papua, reported early in December that the yield for November was 70 oz. 15 dwt.

A dividend of Id. per share, payable December 15, has been announced. Previous dividend at the same rate was made in October.

GOLD MINES OF PAPUA LTD.

A loss of £9,181 was sustained by Gold Mines of Papua, Ltd., for the period February 1, 1938, to June 30, 1938.

Recoveries were valued at £4,853, but costs were £13,199, or 41/3 per ton of ore treated.

During the period production was retarded by shortage of native labour and metallurgical difficulties, which have since been overcome. Since the close of the accounts all sections of the treatment plant have worked efficiently, with a negligible loss of gold in the residues. Full capacity of the plant at 3,000 tons monthly has not yet been reached. Costs have now been reduced to about 22/- per ton, and it is anticipated that there will be further reduction when full production is reached. Assay value of the ore is considerably in excess of recoveries, so it is impossible to establish actual values. Reserves, however, are considerable, and higher values are expected at the lower levels. At June 30 liquid assets were £11,235. Creditors stood at £29,597.

Comparative monthly returns from Gold Mines of Papua, Ltd., Misima Island, show:— CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLDMINE LTD.

Figures for the monthly clean-up on November 23 from Cuthbert’s Mislma mine compare with the previous two months as follows: Australian Short Wave Broadcast A NATIONAL Short Wave Programme is broadcast daily from Lyndhurst, near Melbourne, Victoria, for listeners in the Western Pacific. Call signs: Before 6 p.m. VLR3; after 6.15 p.m. VLR.

Wave lengths: Before 6 p.m. 25.25 metres; after 6.15 p.m. 31.23 metres. Frequencies: Before 6 p.m. 11880 Kcs.; after 6.15 p.m. 9580 Kcs.

Daily Week Days

a.m. 6.30 Market Reports. 6.55 Early News Bulletin. 7.10 Music. 8.00 Australian and Overseas News. 8.15 Music. 12.00 Time Signal, p.m. 12.25 Stock Exchange Reports and London Metal Prices. 12.40 Recorded Music. 1.00 Time Signal and News Bulletin. 5.20 Children’s Session. 6.00 Close (Wednesday, 5.15). 6.15 Dinner Music. 6.30 Comment by “The Watchman.' 1 6.45 Sporting News. 7.00 (Saturday excluded) Markets and Weather for North Australia. 7.15 Overseas News Service. 7.25 News Commentary. 7.30 Australian News. 7.40 (Tuesday excluded) Talk. 9.10 (Usually) Musical Programme. 10.50 Musical Programme. 11.20 Late News. 11.30 Close.

Every Saturday

p.m. 12.40 Music. 1.15—5.30 Description of current sporting and athletic events, interspersed with music. 6.30 Markets Summary. 7.35 Sporting Highlights of the Week. 11.00 Dance Music. 12.00 Close.

Every Sunday

8.00 News Bulletin. (Continued Overleaf.) 71 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecembei* 15, 1938

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Proprietor : F. J. BERNE. 9.20 Musical Programme. 9.30 "On the Land” Session. 9.50 Summary of Weeks News. 11.00 Divine Service, p.m. 1.30 Close. 3.00 Re-open. 6.00 Close. 6.15 Re-open. 7.20 News Bulletin. 8.30 Recordings of Oversea Artists. 9.00 Talk on International Affairs. 10.20 News. 10.30 Close. (Times given are Australian Eastern Standard —lO hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.) DECEMBER 25 TO JANUARY 14 Dec, 25 (Sun.)—B a.m. Carols; 10.15 Book Review; 10.30 "From the Operas”: 8 p.m. Play— " Scrooge”; 8.45 Concerto by Corelli; 9 "Hansel and Gretel”—A Christmas Opera. .Pf r, 26 (Mon.)— Caulheid Races; 8 Pantomime: 9 Military Band; 9.30 Jim Davidson’s Band.

Dec. 27 (Tues.)—l.3o p.m. Yarra Glen Races; 8 Community Singing; 11 Music.

Dec. 28 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Epsom Races; 8 Requests; 8.45 "Emma and ’Erbert”; 9.30 Play “Santa Claus of Christmas Creek”; 10.05 Harry Bloom’s Orchestra.

Dec - 29 (Thurs.)—l.3o p.m. Ballarat Races; 8 “Do You Remember?—l9sB in Retrospect”; 9.30 A.B.C. Concert Orchestra.

Dec - 30 (Fr1.)—1.30 p.m. Sheffield Shield Cricket; 8 Jim Davidson’s Band; 8.30 Organ Recital; 8.50 Comedy Harmonists: 9 Adelaide Wireless Chorus.

Dec - 31 (Sat.)—l.ls p.m. Mentone Races; 8 Recorded Numbers by Celebrity Broadcasters for 1939; 9 Jim Davidson’s New Year Party; 11 Dance Music; 12 Close.

Jan. 1 (Sun.)—lo.ls a.m. Book Review; 10.30 “From the Operas”: 7.30 p.m. Salon Orchestra (Harry Bloom); 8.15 Play; 9.30 Tossy Spivakovsky (violinist) and Jascha Spivakovsky (pianist).

Jan - 2 (M0n.)—1.15 p.m. Flemington Races; 8 8-3 ° • > Lf- cJft}; <*£ Community Singing; 10.50 Recorded Feature.

Jan. 7 (Sat.) —10.15 a.m. Book Review; 3pm Scouts’ Jamboree Farewell; 7.30 Orchestral and Chorus Music; 8.15 Play—" Marie Antoinette” ■ 9.15 Talk (H. G. Wells); 9.30 Spivakovsky Duo.

Jan. 8 (Sun.) —7 p.m. raik; 7.30 Albert Fischer; 8 Jean Hatton (Soprano); 8.15 "Marie Antoinette”: 9.15 H. G. Wells; 9.30 Spivakovsky Duo.

Jan. 9 (M0n,)—1.30 p.m. Ascot Races; 8 Serial —"Singapore Spy”; 9.15 Topical Revue; 9.45 Classic Music.

Jan. 10 (Tues.) —1.30 p.m. Cricket Qld. v. S.A • 8 Symphony Hour; 9 Talk; 9.15 Opera - 10 50 Dance Music.

Jan. II (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Woodend Races; 8 Requests; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert”: 9.45 Sketch; 10 Spivakovsky Duo.

Jan. 12 (Thurs.)—l.3o p.m. Pakenham Races; 8 Play—“ Whistle While You’re Happy”; 9 Talk (H. G. Wells); 9.20 Concert Orchestra. „ ™ an - 13 (Fri.) —8 p.m. Jim Davidson’s Band- -8.30 Desmond Tanner (Electric Organ); 8.50 jng Gr awson » 9.15 Music and Community Sing- Jan. 14 (Sat.)—l.ls p.m. Ascot Races; 9.15 Recital (Daisy Richards, violinist, and Allan McCnstal, pianist); 9.45 Mastersingers Quartet.

G.M.O.P. DISAPPOINTMENT Story of Misima Enterprise IN April, 1937, the 5 - shares of Gold Mines of Papua Ltd. (formerly Misima Options Ltd., on Misima Island Eastern Papua, now controlled by the Pratten Group) were quoted at over 17/-.

To-day, the market says they are worth around 4/-.

The story of “a bitter disappointment” is told, without frills, in the Go’s annual report, just issued. The mine was to be on the same lode as Cuthbert's famous money-spinner, and treatment was designed accordingly.

But the plant at the beginning was seriously wrong—the ore carried an unexpectedly large proportion of silver and it had to be re-arranged. That was the first knock-back.

Then the plant > designed to handle 3,000 tons per month, came into operation on February 1, 1938. The report states the position frankly: “It will be seen that the grade of ore sent to the mill, as determined by the recovery, is much below the figure estimated from the assay of the ore in situ. The grade of ore milled since the close of the financial year has shown some improvement, but is still disappointing”.

Finally, there has been an acute shortage of efficient labour—due in part to the demands of the oil companies—and the labour that was obtained was affected by epidemics and discontent.

The loss for the operating period, February 1 to June 30, was £8,345.

The general manager, R. A. Rutherford. concludes his report: “In regard to future prospects, it can be confidently stated that these are bright, notwithstanding the earlier disappointing results. With an increased tonnage and low working costs, the disadvantage of lower grade ore than anticipated can be largely offset. There is also, as indicated elsewhere in this report, the likely possibility of proving better grade ore in the near future”.

The directors say that working costs now are down to 22/- per ton of ore. and the mine should treat 3,000 tons monthly. That suggests a possible profit of £20,000 p.a. on a subscribed capital of £135,000.

Rev. and Mrs. H. P. K. Gordon, 8.A., L.Th., of Victoria, recently joined the staff of the Methodist Mission and will enter the George Brown College for missionary training. 72 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

FIJI.

Mid-June Mid-Sept.

Mid-Dec.

Emperor Mines • b!2/4 bl3/blO/- Loloma b21/9 b24/7V 2 b22/- Mt. Kasl , b3 10 b4/2 b4/5 Tavua Dev . — b3d bid Vatu Kasia .... . s2/- — sld Bulolo Deposits

New Guinea

. bSVid blOd b7Vfed Bulolo G.D . b £ 6/10/ b £7/4/ b £ 6/5/ Day Dawn Sth. . — s2 J /2d bid Day Dawn (Pd.) — blV 2 d s4 y 2 d Enterprise of N.G. b£ 1/2/6 b7/6 — Guinea Gold ... . bl3/4 bl5/4 bl4/- N.G.G., Ltd bl/5 bl/8 bl/6 Oil Search b6/3 b9/l b6/4 Placer Dev b£ 3/15/6 b£ 3/16/3 b£3/13/- Sandy Ck bl/5 bl/5 bi/sy 2 Sunshine Gold . . bll/3 b8/3 b9/- Cuthbert’s PAPUA, . bl8/6 bl6/6 bl7/9 G.M. of Papua .. b8/- 55/1 b3/6 Mandated All. .. b2/3 b2/bl/9 Oriomo Oil — bl4/o9/- Papuan Apinaipi b6/b8/2 b5/- Yodda Gold Co. .. b6d b4d b8d

Does Your Complexion Show

Signs Of Self-Poisoning?

A muddy, over-greasy skin, with a tendency to pimples and blackheads, can mean only one thing—the accumulation of poisons in the blood. Nature is warning you that your system is not ridding itself properly of waste matter. Don’t let this state of affairs go on.

Take Eno’s "Fruit Salt.” A sparkling glass of Eno first thing every morning gently yet thoroughly dismisses food waste before it has time to produce the poisons which cause bad complexions.

The words Eno and "Fruit Salt” are registered trade marks.

'MPi § for SHAFTS and SAFETY Reliability is the major consideration when selecting propeller shafting. By installing Monel, you take the surest precaution against breakdown at a critical moment.

Monel shafts are exceptionally strong and tough—they withstand impacts which would completely ruin shafts Further information on Monel 'propeller

Wright & Company. 81

of less suitable materials. Their great rigidity reduces whip and vibration to a minimum. Whilst in service, Monel quickly develops a mirror-like finish which prolongs the life of both packing and bearings. Above all, Monel cannot rust and is not corroded by prolonged immersion in fresh or salt water. shafting will gladly he forwarded by: Clarence St., Sydney, N.S.W.

Monel is a registeied trade mark. tween the Government and a large employer which is impossible under any British administration.

So far as the position of the Indians in Fiji is concerned, the following quotations are apposite;—

From The Report Of Messrs Mcneill

AND CHIMMAN LAL (1914); (Mr J. M. McNeill, a senior member of the Indian Civil Service, and Mr ’. C c^^ al J n L f 9 ’ 12 a 3 Indian barrister, were commissioned in 191 2 i to investigate the conditions of Indian immigrants in all British Colonies);— “The great majority of emigrants exchanged grinding poverty, with practically no hope of betterment, for a condition varying from simple but secure comfort to solid prosperity. Emigrants live under very much better conditions than their relatives in India, and have had opportunities of prospering which exceeded their own wildest hopes”.

From “Fiji And The Future” (By Kilmer

O. MOE), 1929: (Mr. Kilmer O. Moe, a representative of the Kabehameha Schools in Honolulu, with experience of the Philippines, was invited by the Methodist Mission to visit Fiji in 1929) ; “The Indian has been transplanted from the hard, sterile soil of India to a fruitful land.

He has struck his roots deeply into the soil and is responding to the improved conditions in a very satisfactory manner. He has forged ahead economically, as well, until he holds at this writing a very strong position in the Colony. There is little doubt that he has availed himself of the opportunities that have come his way and that he has prospered beyond anything that his brethren in the homeland may hope for. Fiji, in this respect, has been a land of promise.

“I am not at all impressed with the influences that come to Fiji from India. There are too many of them, and they clash with one another.

“The human elements that belong in Fiji hold no menace. The danger was rather from those who would saddle this young and hopeful Colony with dissensions and prejudices brought in from overseas. These have no place in Fiji, or in the South Seas”.

From Sir Frank Stockdale, Report On

FIJI, 1937: (Sir Frank Stockdale is Agricultural Adviser to the Colonial Office, and has an intimate knowledge of agriculture throughout the British Empire):— “The sugar-canes were formerly grown by the sugar Companies themselves with hired labour.

The C.S.R. Company now cultivates only a small acreage on its own account and relies almost entirely upon the efforts of small farmers, who cultivate as tenants of the Company, or as lessees of lands leased from Fijian owners.

“The change of system is one of the most interesting agricultural developments which have taken place in the Colonial Empire within the past 15 years, and although there at times have been difficulties, these have been faced when they arose and a valuable scheme of cooperative production has been evolved”.

From Rev. J. W. Burton, Chairman Of

The National Missionary Council Of

Australia, When Interviewed In Suva

BY THE “FIJI TIMES AND HERALD”. 1938: (Mr. Burton resided in Fiji from 1902 to 1911, and has since frequently visited the Colony): “I was greatly impressed with the improvemerits made for the accommodation of mill labour. It is manifest that a new and more sympathetic attitude is taken by employers and, as I always maintained, has resulted in economic advantage to the employer and in the begetting of self-respect in the mind of the worker.

“I believe that the three major races in Fiji —European, Fijian and Indian—are finding that co-operation, goodwill, and mental respect are the only satisfactory bases for economic, social and moral life”.

FROM ‘‘INDIA AND THE PACIFIC” (BY C. F.

ANDREWS), 1937; “By far the strongest and best impression I have carried away from this, mV third visit to the Fiji Islands, is the advance made in the last 20 years by the Indian population. . . .

The change that I have witnessed has not only given good economic results; it has also provided a new social structure. On all my journeyings among Indians abroad, I have never seen such a complete transformation. . . .

“There will be many criticisms still to offer, both with regard to Government policy and also with reference to the C.S.R. Co.’s method, and I shall offer them freely and frankly; but at the same time I wish to be equally frank in heartily commending the improvements I have witnessed. I can fully appreciate the business foresight which has carried the Company through one of the darkest periods in modern economic history”.

Mrs. M. E. Thompson arrived in Sydney by the “Westralia” on December 12 from " New Zealand. Mrs. Thompson is engaged in mission work for the Methodist Mission at Nukualofa. Tonga, and will spend leave in Sydney.

Quotations For Islands Mining Shares 73

Indian Publicist Attacks

Fiji Conditions

(Continued from Page 8) Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

Buying. Selling. £ s. d. £ s. d Telegraphic transfer .... 110 15 0 112 0 0 On demand 110 12 6 111 17 ti Francs to £ Australia on Papeete. Australian Average for week ended 21/11/38 .. .. 138.51 Average for week ended 28/11/38 .. .. 138.80 Average for week ended 5/12/38 .. .. 138.30 Average for week ended 12/12/38 .. .. 139.07 Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian Average for w T eek ended 21/11/38 .. .. 138.28 Average for week ended 28/11/38 .. .. 138.58 Average for week ended 5/12/38 .. .. 138.07 Average for week ended 12/12/38 .. .. 138.92 Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £125 0 0 On Demand £123 0 0 124 17 6 30 days 122 15 0 124 15 0 60 days 122 10 0 124 12 6 o 0 days 122 5 0 124 10 0 12C aays 122 0 0 124 7 6 POSITION WANTED.

Young man, 21 years of age, good education and address, experienced in staff control, management of motor spares and accessories, general office routine, diesel engines, etc., etc. Accept any offer.

Reply to “Ambitious,” c/o Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Box 3408 R.. G.P.0., Sydney. %.*■

Export And Import Credits

Wherever and whatever your trading interests may be the Bank of New South Wales can serve you. 7,5 0 0 agents and correspondents throughout the world.

Bank Or New South Wales

ESTABLISHED IN-THE /EAR 1817

Islands Produce

[Copyright by “Pacific Islands Monthly”.] Coffee THE following quotations were obtained in Sydney in mid-December: — Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment, Sydney; Quote No. 1; 22/7 per cwt. (new season Nov.-Dee. shipment); quote No. 2: 20/- per CW't.

Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.; —-No. 1 quotations; (Supplies are very short, and these quotations were the last recorded some weeks ago and are nominal.) Grade “A”, 60/-; grade “B”, 55/-; grade “C”, 50/-. Triage 45/-. No. 2 quotations, Nov.-Dec. shipment: Grade “A”, 59/-; grade ”B”, 48/-; grade "C”, 52/6. Triage, 39/- (drought coffee).

No. 3 quotations: Grade “B”, 54/-; grade “C”, 46/-.

Mysore, f.a.q., Jan.-Mar. shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.: No. 1 quotations; Grade “A”. 55/-; grade “B”, 48/6. No. 2 quotations: Grade “A”, 59/-; grade “B”, 53/-. Triage, Jan.-Mar. shipment, 46/-.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f.. Sydney—No. 1 quotation, July- Aug. shipment: 69/- per cwt. No. 2 quotation, 70/- per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges: Exchange, duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent.), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.i.f. official prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid-December were: Average Java 7 27-32 d. per lb., and prime Japara, 7 7-16 d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: Cocoa beans, £36-£4O per ton Quote No. 2; New Guinea cocoa £2B-£3O per ton.

Quote No. 3; Accra, good fermented Jan.- Feb. shipment £24/15/- per ton; Feb.-Mar. shipment, £25/10/- per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Cotton London c.i.f. cotton prices during the month were: November 18, 4.81 d. lb., December shipment; November 25, 4.86 d. lb., December shipment: December 2,4.79 d. lb., December shipment: December 9,4.61 d. lb., January shipment.

Ivory Nuts No. 1 quotation: £7 per ton, f.o.b.

No. 2 quotation: £7 per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Quotations nominal.

Rice Rangoon rice; packed in 100 lb. bags, £l2/ 10/ per ton; 200 lb. bags, £l2/5/ per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 56 lb. bags, £lB per ton.

Trochus Shell Owing to Japan’s restrictions on oversea credits, there have been no sales for some time.

Quotations are nominal.

The following quotations, by two firms, represent last sales, several months ago;— (a) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £65 Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £57 Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £44 (b) Trochus shell. No. 1 grade £6B Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £6O Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £45 All quotes are f.0.b., and on the Australian £.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, good quality, was quoted by Sydney buyers in mid-December, at £5O per ton.

Exchange Rates [Copyright by “Pacific Islands Monthly”.] THE following exchange quotations, gathered in Sydney, show the rates existing In mid-December:— FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying £Alll/2/6, selling £AII3.

Fiji-London on basis £lOO London:—

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

Bank Op New South Wales

in Australia.

NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Pt. Moresby 10/- per cent.; on Rabaul 10/- per cent.—Other New Guinea districts £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London: — Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia on Papua 10/- per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of 10/- per cent.; Australia on Rabaul 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London: Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney, are on basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less DA per cent, (approx.) either way.

As quoted by the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris, in Sydney, and the Banque de ITndochine, Noumea. On December 13, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 141.35 francs, £lOO Australian would purchase a draft in Noumea of 14,055 francs.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa —buying £AIOO, selling £AIOO/10/-.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £ 100 In London:— 74 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecembei 15, 1938

June 4 £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £10 12 6 July 2 . . £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 15 0 Aug. 6 . . £15 2 6 £15 2 6 £15 17 6 Sept. 3 . . £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Oct. 1 . . £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 12 6 Nov. 5 . . £13 10 0 £13 10 0 £14 5 0 Dec. 3 . . £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Jan. 7. ’38 £12 12 6 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 Jan. 21 .. £12 0 0 £12 12 6 £13 0 0 Jan. 28 ... £11 17 6 £12 0 0 £12 15 0 Feb. 4 . .. £11 2 6 £11 10 0 £12 7 6 Feb. 18 . . £10 12 6 £11 0 0 £11 15 0 Feb. 25 .. £11 2 6 £11 5 0 £12 5 0 Mar. 4 £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Mar. 18 .. £10 15 0 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Mar. 25 .. £10 12 6 £10 15 0 £11 12 6 Apr. 1 . . £10 10 0 £10 12 6 £11 10 0 Apr. 29 £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 May 6 £10 17 6 £10 17 6 £11 17 6 May 27 .. £10 0 0 £10 0 0 £10 15 0 June 3 .. £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 12 6 June 10 .. £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 10 0 June 17 . £9 12 6 £9 12 6 £10 7 6 June 24 . £10 0 0 £10 0 0 £11 0 0 July 1 . . £9 17 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 July 8 . . £10 2 6 £10 2 6 £11 2 6 July 15 . £10 5 0 £10 5 0 £11 5 0 July 22 . £10 5 0 £10 7 6 £11 7 6 July 29 . £ 10 0 0 £10 0 0 £11 0 0 Aug. 5 . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 Aug. 12 . £9 12 6 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 Aug. 19 . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 (I Aug. 26 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 12 6 Sept . 2 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Sept . 9 . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £ 10 5 0 Sept. 16 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Sept. 23 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Sept. 30 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Oct. 7 . . £9 2 6 £9 2 6 £10 2 6 Oct. 4 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Oct. 21 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Oct. 28 . . £9 0 0 £9 0 0 £10 0 0 Nov. 4 . . £8 12 6 £8 12 6 £9 10 0 Nov. 11 £8 15 0 £8 15 0 £9 15 0 Nov. 18 . £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Nov. 25 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 5 0 Dec. 2 £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Dec. 9 . . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Rubber Plantation London Para.

Smoked.

Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6, 1933 .. . . .. 4 3 / 4 d. .. 2.43d.

July 7 . .. 5%d. .. 3.71d.

December 8 ,. .. 43/ a d. .. 4.0%d.

January S, 1934 .. .. 4‘/id. . . 4.28d.

July 6 . . 7.06d.

December 28 ,. .. 5d. .. 6>/ 4 d.

January 4, 1935 .. . .. 5d. .. 6%d.

July 5 .. . . 5d. . . 7 7 /ad.

December 6 . .. 6 3 / 4 d. . . 6 3 / 8 d.

January 3, 1936 .. . . . . .. 6%d. .. 6>/ 2 d.

June 5 . .. 9d. .. 7V 4 d.

December 4 .... 1/- .. 9 l-16d.

January 8, 1937 . . . . .... 1/2 .. 10‘/ 2 d.

June 4 . . .. lid. .. 9 5-8d.

September 3 ,. . . 9V 4 d. .. 9 l-16d.

October 1 .. 8 9-16d.

November 5 .. . . 8d. .. 7V 4 d.

December 3 . .. 7»/ 2 d. .. 7V 2 d.

January 7, 1938 .. . . .. . . 7‘/ 4 d. .. 7d.

February 4 .. . . 6%d. .. 6 7 / 8 d. * March 4 . . . 6d. .. 7*/ad.

April 1 .. .. 5 5 /ad. .. 5 7-16d.

May 6 .. .. 5%d. .. 5 s /sd.

June 3 5|d. .. 5 9-16d.

July 1 .. .. 6 3 / 4 d. .. 7>/ 4 d.

August 5 . .. 7V 2 d. . . 7 ll-16d.

August 19 .. .. 7 3 / 4 d. 8d.

August 26 .. . . 7%d. .. SVad.

September 2 .. .. 7%d. , . 7 15/16d September 9 .. .. 7 3 / 4 d. .. 7 13/16d September 16 .. .. ., .. 7%d. . . 8d.

September 23 .. .. 7 3 /»d. .. 7 15-16d.

September 30 ... .. 7 3 / 4 d. . . 8V 4 d.

October 7 . . .. 8d. .. 8%d.

Oct. 14 . . .. 8d . . 8 17-32d Oct. 21 .. . . 8d . . 8%d October 28 .... 8d .. 8 3 /ad November 4 .... 8d . . 8 7-16d November 11 . . . . 8d. . . 8 3 /ad.

November 18 .. .. 7 3 / 4 d. . . 8d.

November 25 .. .. 7 3 / 4 d. . . 8.1.

December 2 .. . . 7V 2 d. . . 8d.

December 9 .... 7‘/ 2 d. .. 7.9%d.

Copra South Sea, Plantation, Sun-dried Hot-air Dried, London to London Rabaul Price on— Per ton. c.i.f.

Per ton . C'.i.f.

January 1, 1932 £14 0 0 £14 15 0 March 25 .. £14 17 6 £15 0 0 June 17 .. .. £13 2 6 £13 5 0 September 2 £13 17 6 £14 0 0 December 16 . . £14 2 6 £14 5 0 January 6, 1933 £13 0 0 £ 13 12 6 March 3 £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 . . . £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 .. £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 30 .. . £7 7 6 £8 0 0 June 15 .. . £8 0 0 £8 12 6 September 7 .. £7 12 6 £8 15 0 December 28 £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 March 1 .. . £12 2 6 £12 15 0 June 7 £11 15 0 £12 7 6 September 6 .. £9 17 6 £10 17 6 December 6 .. £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles . to London Rabaul.

Price on—Per ton.c.l.f.

Per ton, c.i.I. Per ton.c.i.l.

Jan. 3, ’36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £14 0 0 Mar. 6 . . £11 15 0 £12 : 15 0 £13 0 0 June 5 . . £11 10 0 £ 12 0 0 £12 17 b Aug. 7 . . £12 17 6 £13 7 6 £14 7 b Sept. 4 . . £13 2 6 £13 : 10 0 £14 12 6 Oct. 2 . . £13 7 6 £13 10 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 6 . . £15 10 0 £15 2 6 £16 5 0 Dec. 4 . . £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8, ’37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £23 12 6 Feb. 5 . . £19 0 0 £19 0 0 £19 15 0 Mar. 5 . . £ 19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 April 2 . . £19 0 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 0 May 7 . . £16 0 0 £16 : 12 6 £17 12 6 \ Utility Baats-Runabouts Cruisers 105 MODELS TO CHOOSE FROM.

From a 15i foot 33 m.p.h. Runabout, powered with a 60 h.p. 4 Cylinder Chris-Craft Marine Engine, to a 41 foot De Luxe Cruiser, powered with 2-275 h.p. engines giving a speed of 33 m.p.h. makes Chris-Craft the most outstanding builder in the world, who builds a boat for every purse so before buying any boat or engine, consult us. ’Phone: BW 1851.

PAUL & GRAY LTD,, 82 SUSSEX STREET, After Hours: FU 8955.

BRANCHES: LONDON, ADELAIDE. MELBOURNE, SYDNEY.

NEWCASTLE, BRISBANE.

Market Quotations

Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Matua Auckland . ..

J. 30-31 P. 27-28 Cook Is Feb. 4 Mar. 4 Nukualofa .. .. Jan. 11 Feb. 8 Mar. 8 Vavau Feb. 9 Mar. 9 Apia ... J. 12-14 F. 9-11 M. 9- ■11 Suva ... J. 17-19 F. 14-16 M. 14 -16 Auckland . .. .. Jan. 23 Feb. 20 Mar. 20 M.V. Neptuna.

Sydney . J. 13-18 M. 22-25 M. 26-31 Salamaua .. . Jan. 25 Apr. 1 June 7 Rabaul . Jan. 27 Apr. 3 June 9 Cebu (opt.) , . Feb. 3 Apr. 10 June 16 Manila . Feb. 6 Apr. 13 June 19 Hong Kong . F. 8-12 A. 15-19 J. 21-25 Saigon . Feb. 18 Apr. 25 July 1 Madang . Mar. 1 May 6 July 12 Salamaua .. . Mar. 4 May 9 July 15 Rabaul . Mar. 7 May 12 July 18 Sydney Mar. 14 M. 19-20 July 25 Melbourne .. > M. 17-20 M. 22-24 July 28 BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Salamaua. S.S. Suva.

London .... Dec. 15 London ....Apr. 19 Rabaul Mar. 28 Panama May 7 London June 11 Apia May 29 M.V. Rabaul. Suva May 31 London Apr. 17 Rabaul June 12 Rabaul Aug. 6 Capetown — London Oct. 25 London Aug. 13 W. R. CARPENTER & Co. LTD.

M.V. Lakatoi.

Samarai Dec. 20 Abau D. 26-27 Conflicts Dec. 20 Mogubo Dec. 27 Mlsima Dec. 21 Baibara Dec. 27 Woodlark Is. ...Dec. 22 Gadaisu Dec. 28 Trobrland Is. .. — Samarai D. 28-30 Samarai D. 23-24 Conflicts Dec. 30 Mogubo Dec. 25 Misima Dec. 31 Dedele Dec. 26 Samarai Jan. 1 M.V. Nusa.

Samarai Dec. 22 Mambare dep. . .Dec. 26 Puni Puni Dec. 22 Buna Dec. 27 Baniara Dec. 22 Cape Nelson ...Dec. 28 Cape Nelson ..Dec. 23 Baniara Dec. 29 Buna Dec. 24 Puni Puni ... .Dec. 30 Mambare Dec. 25 Samarai Dec. 31

Qualified Ladies’ Hair

DRESSER desires position. Refer ences. M . Kearney, Main St.. Atherton, Q.’land.

Koyong . . Moss Yale

Day And Boarding School And

KINDERGARTEN FOR GIRLS.

Pupils prepared for School, Music Examinations. Excellent Climate and Health Record.

Own Orchard, vegetables, poultry & dairy.

Home Life and Individual Attention.

Boarders taken from six years old.

Prospectus on application.

MISS MEIN, Principal.

Visitors From The

PACIFIC ISLANDS--will enjoy every comfort and attention at ORIANA

Sydney'S Private

Hotel De Luxe

50-58 MACLEAY ST.

Potts Point

Accommodation 150 Guests, 5 minutes City.

Extensive Lounges, Card Room, Smoking Rooms, Billiards Room, Dance Floor, Garages. Tariff: Inclusive, from £3/3/- WEEKLY.

Telegraphic Address: “Orianaotel”, Sydney. Telephones: F 1095, F 1590, a Kidneys Weed Help if Passages Burn If you suffer from painful scanty or frequent urination, nigh* and day, your Kidneys are in danger. OHinary medicines won’t help much because you must kill the germs causing the trouble, and also the cause of other dangerous symptoms such as Getting up Nights, Leg Pains, * Dizziness, Swollen Ankles, Circles under Eyes, Rheumatism, Lost Vitality and Appetite. Now you can stop these troubles by removing the cause with the new scientific discovery called Cystex. Cystex is guaranteed to give you new health and vitality in 24 hours and completely eradicate your troubles in 8 days or cost nothing. Ask your chemist for Cystex today. The money-back guarantee protects you.

Shipping Services in the Pacific Central Pacific Services The cargo vessel Limerick (8,724 tons) will depart from Sydney on January 9 (approx.) for Suva and Lautoka (Fiji), Papeete (Tahiti), and North American ports. She will carry a limited number of passengers in addition to mails and general cargo. The cargo vessel Hauraki (7,113 tons) is scheduled to leave Sydney for Fiji, Tahiti, and American ports early in February.

UNION STEAM SHIP CO. LTD.

Sydney New Guinea Hong Kong Gilbert and Ellice Islands Service M.V. Moamoa (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.

Ltd.) and M.V. John Bolton (W. R. Carpenter and Co.) operate from Tarawa (Gilbert Islands). and connect regularly with all Islands in the Gilbert and Ellice Groups.

Europe - Suva - N.Z. - Sydney - New Guinea Papuan Inter-Island Services M.V. Lakatoi (Burns Philp & Co. Ltd.) makes round trips on a regular schedule from Samarai to Misima Island, via the Conflict Group; also calls at Woodlark Island.

M.V. Nusa (Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.) holds the Papuan Government’s contract for carrying mails and passengers on the north-east coast of Papua. The Nusa connects with all Southern mail steamers at Samarai.

S.S. Papuan Chief (Steamships Trading Co.

Ltd.) makes regular round trips from Port Moresby to Samarai via Kapa Kapa, Abau, and Baibara, returns by same route; then Port Moresby to Daru via Hisiu, Yule Is., Kukipi, Orokolo, Kikorl and back via Orokolo, Yule Island, and Hisiu —full trip occupying about one month.

Noumea Australia The small steamer Neo Hebridais (Societe Maritime et Miniere Hagen) carries on a monthly service between Noumea (New Caledonia), and Newcastle and Sydney (N.S.W.L The round trip occupies about 17 days.

The three vessels of the Societe Le Nickel, Cap Tarifa (2,177 tons), Capitaine Illiaquer (2,138 tons), and Notou (2,384 tons) make irregular trips between Noumea (New Caledonia) and Sydney, Newcastle, and Port Kembla, N.S.W. 76 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

M.V. Maui Pomare.

Wellington Jan. 24 Feb. 21 Mar. 21 Apia ... J. 31-F. 2 F. 28-M. 2 M. 28-30 Niue Mar. 4 Apr. 1 Lyttelton ... F. 13-14 M. 13-14 A. 10-12 Wellington . Feb 15 Mar. 15 Apr. 13 Subject to alteration without Notice Mariposa.

Monterey.

Mariposa.

Honolulu ....

Jan. 9 Feb. 6 Mar. 6 Pago Pago ..

Jan. 14 Feb. 11 Mar. 11 Suva Jan. 17 Feb. 14 Mar. 14 Auckland ...

Jan. 20 Feb. 17 Mar. 17 Sydney ..

Jan. 23 Feb. 20 Mar. 20 Melbourne ..

J. 27-30 P. 24-27 M. 24-27 Sydney Feb. 3 Mar. 3 Mar. 31 Auckland Feb. 6 Mar. 6 Apr. 3 Suva Feb. 9 Mar. 9 Apr. 6 Pago Pago ..

Feb. 10 Mar. 10 Apr. 7 Honolulu ....

Feb. 15 Mar. 15 Apr. 12 OCEANIC STEAMSHIP CO.. MATSON LINE.

FOR SALE AUX. MOTOR KETCH “Goodwill”

Reg. No 1 of 1906 Built by R. Davis, Sydney. Gross tonnage 42.89, net 29.17. Length o/a 67ft. Beam 16ft. Carries 40 tons cargo Draws 6ft. loaded. 50 H.P. Kelvin Engine (heavy duty). Kero. c ene, Marine. Speed without sails IVz Knots. Copper sheathed.

Recently slipped. Commonwealth survey.

Ready for sea, complete with Sails, Anchors. Chains, Running Gear and two Dinghies. Price, £l,OOO cash. Delivery T.I.

Apply Burns, Phllp & Co., Ltd.

Thursday Island.

Write for details to

Fairbanks - Morse

ELIMINATE THE FIRE HAZARD instal a FAIRBANKS- MORSE DIESEL

Marine Engine

Engines from 10 to 60 H.P. carried in bond in Sydney.

Spare Parts always available.

CO. (Aust.) LTD. rG.P.O X , 2 SYm?ET N. Zealand-Samoa-Niue Subject to alteration without notice.

The New Zealand Government’s steamer Maui Pomare (1,159 tons) is the only direct connection between N.Z., the Mandated Territory of Western Samoa and Niue Island.

The vessel, which carries mails, passengers, and cargo, is controlled by the Department of External Affairs at Wellington, where application should be made concerning freights, berths, etc.

Sydney — N.Z. — Fiji - Samoa - Hawaii Sydney - Papua - N.G. Air Service Under contract with the Commonwealth Government, a weekly airmail service between Sydney, Papua, and New Guinea Is conducted by W.R.C. Airlines Ltd., with two 10-seater De Havilland airliners. A ’plane leaves Kingsford-Smith aerodrome, Sydney, every Tuesday at 7 a.m. and calls at Brisbane (Tues.), Rockhampton (Tues.), Townsville (Tues.), Cairns (Wed.), Cooktown (Wed.), Port Moresby (Wed.), Salamaua (Wed.), and Rabaul (Thurs). The return trip from Rabaul commences at 1 p.m. every Friday, the airliner reaching Sydney at 5.30 p.m. the following Sunday.

W. R. CARPENTER AND CO. LTD.

Nauru - Ocean Island Service Ships are despatched by the British Phosphate Commissioners from Melbourne (Victoria) two or three times monthly, and from Auckland (New Zealand) irregularly, according to the requirements of the phosphate trade.

Fiji Inter-Island Services S.S. Malake, 736 tons (Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.), under contract with Fiji Government. Regular four weekly itinerary comprises: Two trips Buca Bay. returning by same route to Suva —trip occupying 8 days.

Two trips each Suva to Lautoka, returning to Suva direct or via Ellington—trip occupying 3 or 4 days.

M.V. Yanawal (Burns Phllp (South Seas; Co. Ltd.) makes regular trips from Suva to Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then returns to Suva.

Trip A: Suva-Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, returning to Suva by the same route. Duration of voyage, 8-10 days. Trip B; Suva-Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then calling at the ports on the coast beyond Labasa, Natewa Bay ports, Levuka, and Suva.

Duration of voyage, 10-12 days.

M.S. Adi Rewa (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) makes trips from Suva to Levuka and Labasa via Macuata ports—trip occupies 8 days. Leaves Suva and proceeds to Levuka, Nabouwalu, Lekutu, Dreketi, Naduri, and Labasa. Returns to Suva by same route. On alternative trips she returns from Labasa via Naduri, Nakaloa, Dreketi, Naiserewaqa, Lekutu, Galoa, Nabouwalu and Levuka. The latter round trip from Suva occupies about 10 days.

M.S. Tul Kauvaro (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva to Levuka, calling at Lautoka and Ellington. Voyage takes 4 days.

M.V. Tul Cakau (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva and makes regular interisland trips throughout the Colony. 77 Pacific Island- Month! y—D ecember 15, 19 8 £

S.S. Friderun (cabin, third-class and deck passengers) runs from Hong Kong to New Guinea and Solomon Islands ports.

In the Solomons she calls at Tulagi, Rere, Fulakora and Meringe.

S.S. Friderun.

Hong Kong Jan. 8 Feb. 27 Madang Jan. 20 Mar. 11 Salamaua Jan. 22 Mar. 13 Tulagi (arr) Jan. 26 Mar. 17 Tulagi (dep) Jan. 28 Mar. 19 Rabaul J. 31-F. 4 M. 22-26 .Lorengau Feb. 7 Mar. 29 Hong Kong Feb. 19 Apr. 10 GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, AGENTS.

Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Malalta.

Sydney Brisbane ...

Townsville Cairns Jan. 12 jan 13 Feb. 18 Feb. 20 Feb. 23 Feb. 24 P. 28-M. 1 Tulagi i Gavutu Domma I Su’u ( Tasavarong ' Mamara Aruligo Lavoro Mamara | Jan. 19 - Jan. 20 Mar. 2 Mar. 3 Tasavaro Aruligo Meringe ' Hivo Yandina Banika Ufa ng Mar. 4 Mar. 5 Faiaml _ Younger Pepesala Lingatu West Ba; Somata Gizo 1 Falsi Kieta Arigua Numa Numa Tpnnnsinn Jan. 23 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 f Jan. 25 Mar. 6 Mar. 7 Mar. 7 Mar. 8 Rabaul Mar. 9 ■jv/r in 11 Soraken Kieta ..

IVi. iU-11 Mar. 12 A/Tar 17 Paisi .

Jl iviar. u T\/T n mm 11 Gizo | L ..

Mar. 14 Tetlpari , Russell I Gavutu r s. .

Mar. 15 Mar. 16 M. 17-18 Mar. 23 Mar. 25 L Makambo f Brisbane Ryrinpy ....

Feb. 11 BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents Subject to alteration without Maetnotice.

Saigon Tasman. suycker.

Barentsz.

Jan. 16 Feb. 15 Mar. 14 Singapore ...

J. 18-19 F. 17-18 M. 16-17 Batavia J. 21-23 P. 20-22 M. 19-20 Samarang . ..

Jan. 24 Feb. 23 Mar. 21 Sourabaya ..

Jan. 25 Feb. 24' Mar. 22 Pt. Moresby . . Feb. 1 Mar. 3 Mar. 30 Samarai , Mar. 4 — Salamaua ... — Mar. 6 Rabaul .

Mar. 8-9 Vila , Feb. 6 — Apr. 4 Noumea Feb. 7-9 — Apr. 5-7 Auckland ... . Feb. 13 Mar. 16 Apr. 11 Wellington ..

Feb. 18 Mar. 22 Apr. 17 Sydney . F. 23-25 M. 27-29 A. 22-25 Pt. Moresby .

Mar. 2 Apr. 3 May 1 Sourabaya .. . Mar. 9 Apr. 10 May 9 Samarang ... , Mar. 10 Apr. 11 May 10 Batavia . M. 11-13 A. 12-13 M. 11-13 Singapore ...

Mar. 15 Apr. 15 May 15 Saigon — — —

Royal Packet Navigation

CO. LTD.

Subject to alteration without Pierre Loti notice.

Sydney Jan. 20 Feb. 16 Mar. 11 Noumea . . .

J. 24-26 F. 20-21 M. 16-18 Mare Jan. 26 Feb. 22 Vila J. 27-28 P. 23-24 Mar. 19 Luganville . .

Jan. 29 Feb. 25 Mar. 20 Le Dart ...

J. 30-31 F. 26-27 Mar. 21 Norsup — Feb. 27 — Saigon — — Apr. 3-5 Haiphong ... . — — Apr. 8-11 Zamboanga — — A. 16-17 Luganville . — — Apr. 28 Le Dart . . . . — — Apr. 29 Vila . Feb. 1-2 Feb. 28 A. 30-M. 1 Mare ,. Feb. 2 Mar. 1 Noumea ... ., Feb. 3-4 Mar. 2-3 May 2-5 Sydney .... . . Feb. 8 Mar. 7 May 9 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Sydney Bulolo.

Macdhul.

Jan. 18 Bulolo.

Feb. 8 Brisbane Jan. 20 Feb. 10 Townsville ..

Jan. 23 — Cairns Jan. 24 — Pt. Moresby .... Jan. 6 Jan. 26 Feb. 14 Samarai ...

Jan. 27 Feb. 15 Rabaul J 29-30 F. 17-18 Kavieng ...

Jan. 31 — Lindenhafen Jan. 11 Feb. 19 Salamaua J- 12-13 Feb. 2-3 F. 20-21 Madang Alexishafen, Jan. 1* Feb. 4 Feb. 22 Opt. Jan - 1 4 Feb. 4 Feb. 22 Wewak i J. 15-16 Feb. 5-6 Feb. 23 Boram f ' * Madang Jan. ll Feb. 7 Feb. 24 Pinschafen, Opt. — Feb. 8 — Salamaua Jan. 18 Feb. 8 Feb. 25 Kavieng ...

J. 19-20 — F. 26-27 Pondo — Feb. 10 — Rabaul Feb. 11 Feb. 28 Salamaua ..

Jan. 22 — Mar. 1 Samarai ...

Feb. 13 Mar. 3 Pt. Moresby Jan. 25 Feb. 14 Mar. 4 Cairns — Feb. 16 —■ Brisbane . ...

Feb. 19 Mar. 8 Sydney Feb. 21 Mar. 10 BURNS, PUILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

FLUSH OUT 15 MILES OF

Kidney Tubes

Win Back Pep . . . Vigor . . . Vim Medical authorities agree that your kidneys contain 15 MILES of tiny tubes or filters which help to purify the blood and keep you healthy.

If you have trouble with too frequent bladder passages with scanty amount causing burning and discomfort, the 15 MILES of kidney tubes need flushing out. This danger signal may be the beginning of nagging backaches, leg pains, loss of pep and energy, getting up nights, lumbago, swollen feet and ankles, pufliness under the eyes, rheumatic pains and dizziness.

If kidneys don’t empty 3 pints a day and get rid of more than 3 pounds of waste matter, your body will take up these poisons causing serious trouble. Don't wait. Ask your chemist for DOAN’S BACKACHE KID- NEY PILLS . . . used successfully the world by millions of people. They give quick relief and will help to flush out the 15 MILES of kidney tubes. Get DOAN’S BACKACHE KIDNEY PILLS at your chemist.

Ship Chandlery Hardware [ Write for Ship Chandler/ Catalogue ] Special "In Bond" Pricei tor all Islands enquiries quoted on application.

Broomfield'S Limited

152 SUSSEX STREET :: :: SYDNEY Cables "Boom," Sydney Large and Complete Stocks of

Ship Chandlery

IRONMONGERY OF ALL KINDS. PAINTS.

White Lead And Oils

Sole Agents for: P. H. MUNTZ & CO.'S 3-CROWN BRAND METAL SHEATHING.

PEACOCK & BUCHANS' ENGLISH READY - MIXED PAINTS.

Norddeutscher Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong—New Guinea—British Solomon Islands Service.

Regular Sailings By

S.S. “FRIDERUN.”

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets issued to all parts of the world.

For further particulars apply to MELCHERS & CO., General Agents, P. 0.8., 423, Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO., N.D.L Agents, Rabaul, New Guinea.

GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney.

Hong Kong New Guinea - Solomon Islands Sydney — Solomon Islands - New Guinea Saigon - Java - South Seas - N.Z. - Sydney Sydney - Noumea - New Hebrides - Indochina Sydney - Papua - New Guinea 78 Pacific Islands Month! y—D ecember 15, 1938

Subject to alteration without notice.

Niagara.

Aorangi.

Niagara.

Honolulu Dec. 28 Jan. 25 Feb. 22 Suva Jan. b Feb. 3 Mar. 3 Auckland ....

J. 9-10 Feb. 6-7 Mar. 6-7 Sydney Jan. 14 Feb. 11 Mar. 11 Sydney, dep. .

Jan. 19 Feb. 16 Mar. 16 Auckland J. 23-24 F. 20-21 M.20-21 Suva Jan. 27 Feb. 24 Mar. 24 Honolulu ....

Feb. 3 Mar. 3 Mar. 31 UNION S.S. CO.

LTD., Agents.

Marella.

Merkur.

Marella Sydney . Jan. 7 Feb. 6 Mar. 9 Brisbane . Jan. 9 Feb. 8 Mar. 11 Townsville (opt.) Jan. 12 Feb. 11 Mar. 14 Thursday Is , Jan. 15 Feb. 13 Mar. 17 Darwin , Jan. 19 Feb. 17 Mar. 21 Sourabaya .Jan. 24 Feb. 22 Mar. 26 Samarang Jan. 25 Feb. 23 Mar. 27 Cheribon (opt.) , Jan. 26 Feb. 24 Mar. 28 Batavia . Jan. 27 Feb. 25 Mar. 29 Singapore J. 29-P. 3 F. 27-M. < M. 31 L-A. 4 Batavia .Feb. 6 Mar. 7 Apr. 7 Samarang Feb. 7 Mar. 8 Apr. 8 Sourabaya ......

Feb. 8 Mar. 9 Apr. 9 Darwin Feb. 13 Mar. 14 Apr. 14 Thursday Is ,Peb. 16 Mar. 17 Apr. 17 Townsville (opt.) Feb. 18 Mar. 19 Apr. 19 Brisbane Feb. 21 Mar. 22 Apr. 22 Sydney P. 23-24 Mar. 24 Apr. 24 Melbourne Feb. 27 Mar. 27 Apr. 27 BURNS, PHILP & CO.

LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without S.S. Morinda notice.

Sydney Dec. 20 Dec. 31 Jan. 7 Lord Howe Dec. 22 Jan. 2 Jan. 9 Norfolk Is. .

Dec. 24 — Jan. 11 Vila — — J. 14 -15 Bushman’s B.

Malo 1 " ■ Jan. 16 Tangoa J.

Segond j — — Jan. 16 Aoba — — Jan. 17 Hog Har. ... — — Jan. 18 Norfolk Is. . .

Dec. 24 —- Jan. 21 Lord Howe ..

Dec. 26 Jan. 2 Jan. 23 Sydney Dec. 28 Jan. 4 Jan. 26 BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Nankin.

Nellore.

Tanda.

Hong Kong Dec. 31 Feb. 3 Mar. 4 Manila Jan. 3 Feb. 6 Mar. 7 Rabaul Jan. 11 Feb. 14 Mar. 15 Brisbane ..

Jan. 17 Feb. 20 Mar. -21 Sydney Jan. 19 Feb. 22 Mar. 23 Melbourne .

J. 23—F. 1 F. 27-M. 4 M. 27-A. 1 Hobart Feb. 3 Mar. 6 Apr. 3 Newcastle ..

Feb. 6 Mar. 9 Apr. 6 Sydney, dep, Feb. 11 Mar. 15 Apr. 15 Brisbane ...

Feb. 13 Mar. 17 Apr. 17 Rabaul Feb. 19 Mar. 23 Apr. 23 Manila Feb. 28 Apr. 1 May 2 Hong Kong Mar. 3 Apr. 4 May 5 E. & A.

STEAMSHIP CO. LTD., Agents.

Papeete D’Amlens C. Ramel.

J. 15-16 Eridan.

Ralatea (opt.) —. — Suva Jan. 23 — Vila Deo. 14 Jan. 25 — Noumea D. 16-23 J. 27-P. 3 Mar. 22 Vila Dec. 26 Feb. 6 Mar. 25 Raiatea Jan. 2 Feb. 13 Apr. 1 Papeete J. 3-5 P. 14-16 Apr. 2-4 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO. LTD.

Agents.

Huon Pine Boat Planks Practically Borer Proof and Everlasting, also Spotted Gum Timbers—Prices Right. a n 110 Miller St., A. rryer pyrmont, n.s.w.

HALVORSEN S/ M.V. "SIRIUS"

Built tc the order of the New Guinea Administration.

Whether

Luxury Cruiser

or WORKING BOAT the high Halvorsen standard in shipbuilding assures the ultimate in QUALITY, DESIGN and FAITH-

Ful Construction

Correspondence Invited.

Lars Halvorsen Sons K

SHIPBUILDERS, DESIGNERS, MARINE ENGINEERS, NEUTRAL BAY, SYDNEY.

Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Hawaii Sydney T.l. Darwin - Singapore Sydney — Norfolk Is. - New Hebrides Sydney — Rabaul — Hong Kong Samoa Inter-island Service In command of Captain Tanner, the M.V.

Matafele (Burns Philp (South Seas) Co. Ltd.) arrived in Western Samoa from Hong Kong early in December. After making a trip to the Tokelaus, Swain and Nassau Groups she will be transferred to the Fiji service of B.P. and Co., according to present arrangements.

Sydney - Noumea Tahiti Service Subject to alteration without notice.

Mails and passengers from Sydney for Tahiti may connect with Messageries Maritimes liners at Noumea, per Pierre Loti (see Sydney-Noumea-New Hebrides service). The M.M. liners run between Marseilles and Noumea, via Panama Canal. 79 Pacific Islands Mon t h I y—D ecem b e r 15, 19 38

4- LICENSEE: E.J. MORROW Cosmopolitan SAMARAI Hotel First-class Accommodation for Tourists and Travellers Ballroom ; Electric Light; Billiards; Freezing - works ; Cold Store. Best brands of Wines, Spirits, Ales.

Moderate Tariff

Fishing Trips and Launch Excursions arranged

Where To Stay In Port Moresby

Licensee: Papua Hofei, Ltd.

First-class Accommodation. Parties Arranged.

The PAPUA * HOTEL Catering specially for Tourists and Travellers.

Situated on high ground overlooking both coasts, its Spacious Lounges are always Cool and Comfortable. Tariff: Per day, 16/-; per week, £6/5/-; per month, £l4; bed and breakfast, 10/-; bedroom only, 7/6.

Can meet all Steamers, f Hotel Moresby NEAR THE WHARF COMFORTABLE ACCOMMODATION

Only The Best

BRANDS OF

Wines. Spirits

AND BEERS IN STOCK LICENSEE • Hotel Moresby Ltd. m Bain. Mesdames Harris, Edwards. Masters Schafer, Munro (2).

Passengers Per “Morinda” Which

Sailed Prom Sydney For Lord Howe

IS., NORFOLK IS. & N. HEBRIDES ON NO- VEMBER 29; Messrs. Trougton, Dillon, Smith, Cottee, Harvey, Johnson, Sieveking, Kenny, Richmond, Winchester, Gaven, Harkness, Guest, Palm (2), Watson, Baker, Aston, Farrar, Warwick (2), Bidal, Purkis, Fitzgerald, Hunter, Phillips. Mesdames Smith, Cottee, Sieveking, Kenny, Richmond, Kirby, Hollay, Hyslop, Sanders, Sinclair, Bailey, Swain, Farrar, Bruce, Hankinson. Misses Young, Grand, Sinclair, Hogarth, Tunks, White, Watsford, Evans, Brown, Englert, Sinclair, Bruce, Fenton, Nash, Larney (2), Flight, Triggs.

Passengers Per Airmail Liner

“Caronia” Which Left Rabaul, N.G., For

AUSTRALIA ON DECEMBER 2: Messrs. Lohmann, Thurston, Foon Kang, Bayliss (3), Short, Doebels. Mesdames Sedges, Bowring, Bayliss.

Passengers Per Airmail Liner

“Carinthia’' Which Left Sydney For

PAPUA & N.G., ON DECEMBER 6: Messrs.

Carey, Meneffe, Hyde, Judd, Gander, Brennan. Mesdames Bergin, Judd, Gander. Miss Gander.

Passengers Per “Macdhui” Which

Arrived In Sydney From N.G. & Papua

ON DECEMBER 6; Messrs. Anderson, Anslow, Bateson, Betts, Braithwaite, Cook, Costello, Cruickshank, Doherty, Garms, Hardie, Hayward, Hope, Howard, Hyde, Jackson, Johnston, Lewis, MacGregor, Mackay, McLean, Mc- Leod, McPhee, Mason, Moyle, Neal, O’Dea, Penrazio, Rohrlack, Ross, Scope, Shutt, Skelly, Smith (3), Stephens, Stevenson, Swanson, Taylor, Theckston, Whelan, Wilton, Woods (2), Young, Zenrosso, Andrew, Bannigan, Bock, Connolly, Day, Frame, Griffin, Guinan, Hall, Kirwan, Kudnig, Lavender, Mclan, Mclver.

Mason, Maxwell, Norris, Parkin, Rodoni, Sefton, Seward, Shanks, Shorthouse, Williamson, Woolard, Berry, Bradford, Cargill, Moore, Neilsen, Boileau, Clegg, Dudley, Turner, Wurth, Cameron, Connell, Crawford, Hawthorne, Hayles, Armstrong, Borgas, Callanan, Ellery, Marshall, Scott, Shotton, Topping. Mesdames Anderson, Bateson, Bradford, Brennan, Coghlan.

Cook, Costello, Cromie, Duchatel, Hardie, Hyde, Lewis, Penrazio, Schilling, Shutt, Smith (2) Andrew, Aumuller, Bock, Bonnell, Day, Guinan, Haynes, Lett, Minogue, Sefton, Shorthouse, Couzens, Moore, Berge, Champion, Bowthorpe, Cameron, Hawes, Hayles, Holden, McLean, Callanan, Kiessling, Shotton, Wilson. Misses Bayley (2), Kirby, Noonan, Rudd, Whitehead, Blake, Bock, Clarke, Leetch, Healy, Howard, O’Donnell.

Passengers Per Airmail Liner

“CARINTHIA" WHICH LEFT RABAUL, N.G., FOR AUSTRALIA ON DECEMBER 9: Messrs.

Spinsley, Cromie, Davis, Collins, Korn. Mesdames Carpenter, Bellhouse, Allan.

Passengers Per “Macdhui” Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR PAPUA & N.G.

ON DECEMBER 10: Messrs. Harris, McPhee, Appleby (2), Koch, Clarke, Mayfield, Creswell, Batze (2), Smallwood, Thomas, Elliott, Smith, Joubert, Gardner, Burch, Lukin, Lloyd (2) Russell, Niall, Adorno, Hill, Smith (2), Livingstone, Page, Pulton, Kiernan, Marshall, Barrow, Brown, Laws, Perry, Parkinson, Mc- Cabe, Mackay, Gibson, Styants, Horward, Etty, Piper, Miller, Harman, McDonald, Mitchell, Morell, O’Donohue, Stack, Toogood, Dennis, Ogg, Broodbank, Moore, Buchanan, Dixon (3) Eccles, Hubble. Mesdames Bestmann, Appleby, Koch, Scott, Adorno, Mayfield, Creswell, Richardson, Chambers, Ashwell, Turner, Smallwood, Thomas, Joubert, Batze, McCabe, Ecknoff, Reaby, Russell. Niall, Rowe, Boom, Smith, Osborne, Marshall, Anisimoff, Haire.

Misses Rudd, Kirby, Ewing, Lyons, James, Bestmann, Crowe, Smith, Broodbank, Fay, Matthews, Sinclair, Voysey (2), Evans (2), Warner, Rutledge, Rowe, Pennefather, Adams, Street, Cunningham, Wilde, Chester, Stanfield, Love, Gorkin, Ryan, Miller, Barker, Anderson, Page (2), Allen, Davies, Stehr (2), Munford, Pattison, Lumley, Mocatta. Masters Matley, Montgomery (2t, Searle, Shaw. Street, Mccatta, Brown, Taylour, Roberts, Hatchard, Coote, Adams, Rentoul, Claris, Dougherty, Griffiths, Leetch, Chester, Pennefather, Stanfield, Lumley, Evenett, Miller. Matthews, Mc- Kenna, Spiller, Anisimoff.

Mr. W. A. Bock, Government printer in Papua, arrived in Sydney on December 6 on 12 months’ leave.

Prospects of N.G. Million Pounds Co.

Annual Report and Effect on Wau QUITE a large amount of earnest calculation, plus local knowledge, is needed to ascertain the prospects of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. from the annual report, just issued.

Itjs shown that the profit made was £50,486 (which is £38,000 less than the previous year), but no large payments on capital account are proposed out of profits, as in previous years, so another dividend of 5 per cent, is provided on the issued capital of £1,118,083.

It has not been a good year, from the production viewpoint. There has been a great deal of managerial and underground reorganisation at Edie Creek (deep level mining); an almost complete reconstruction at the Golden Ridges mill; and a good deal of interruption to the important alluvial operations, near Wau.

The coming year should get the benefit of the managerial reorganisation, the reconstruction of Golden Ridges mill to treat ore from Lower Ridges, and a new arrangement made in regard to alluvials The directors refer to the latter as follows: “A mutually satisfactory agreement was negotiated with the Koranga Gold Sluicing Ltd. for working this Company’s deep alluvials adjoining those of the K.G.S. Co. In order to meet our undertaking to Koranga Gold Sluicing Ltd. m regard to water for exploiting this ground, a deal was consummated with Bulolo Gold Deposits Ltd., whereby all of that Co.’s assets, including valuable water rights, were purchased for the sum of £21,500. The Board feels that this acquisition, taken in connection with the Koranga Gold Sluicing agreement, effectively provides the best and most economical means of bringing into production this important item of the Co.’s alluvial holdings”.

Neither the directors, nor the Mining Trust Ltd. (consulting engineers) say specifically what they think of the prospects of N.G.G.; but an examination of the data suggests that the prospects are good. There should be at least £BO,OOO per annum profit in the enterprise, now; and, if the Wau interests really do succeed in getting cheap road transport, values should be increased and the life of the Co. extended. 80 Pacific Islands Monthl y~D ecember 15, 1938

Pacific Travellers

(Continued From Page 1)

Published by Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney. (Telephone: BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed In Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co., Pty., Ltd., 29 Alberta St., Sydney. (Telephone: MA7101),

FROM COAST TO MOUNTAINS.. -V" - LAE /Vs ts*** ■W» a

Guinea Airways, Limited

was established in 1927; and has grown as the figures show To-day it is the largest freight-carrying service in the world.

Year Tonnage Passen- Ended Trans- gers Feb. 28. ported Carried. 1929 434 869 1930 .... 949 2,047 1931 1,146 1,995 1932 3,947 1,607 1933 3,980 3,856 1934 6,044 7,398 1935 6,102 9,721 1936 6,476 12,137 1937 6,705 11,869 1938 .... 8,408 12,120 Totals .. 44,191 63,619 Building a New Civilization ...BY AIR!

The development of the Territory has been amazingly rapid—thanks to air transport.

GUINEA AIRWAYS LIMITED has transported every type of goods needed by the large and ever-growing European community.

GUINEA AIRWAYS operates regular air services in New Guinea and Papua, using over fifty aerodromes and landing grounds in the two Territories.

GUINEA AIRWAYS planes depart from Port Moresby for the Goldfield on the arrival of each boat. Tickets are obtainable from the Purser.

Fly with GUINEA AIRWAYS—the pioneer Company—in New Guinea and in Australia.

Australian Services

ADELAIDE-DARWIN—Three times weekly, connecting with overseas services. ■2 » LIMITED

Lae-Salamaua

Head Office: Austral Chambers, Currie Street, Adelaide, S.A.

New Guinea Office: Lae, Mandated Territory of New Guinea ■ ■ w • • BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU— SALAMAUA—PORT MORESBY AND SYDNEY. 2 2 Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938

I PffiSE ER \ SCHS WAL EXPO ■SEN IT I P VDN PILSENER >» •> _ When two long thirsts equal one long bottle!

"What's yours?” ”Resch's PUsenet”

"So's mine.”

When you ask for Pilsener insist on the long bottle.

RESCH'S P IO 2* Pacific Islands Monthl y—D ecember 15, 1938