PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly Vol. VIII. No. 7.

February 21, 1938 the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] 8“ A native Lakatoi, or Sea-going Trading Canoe, Samarai, Papua. —Photo.: Wood.

Fly Air Mail Sydney-New Guinea

T'HE New Weekly Aeroplane Service, for Passengers, Mails and Urgent Cargo, between Sydney A and Raboul, will be commenced In the latter half of March by W. R. Carpenter and Co., Ltd., under contract with the Commonwealth Government.

The Service will be carried on with the most modern 4-engined De Havilland Express Airliners, which have luxurious accommodation for 10 passengers, plus space for mails and cargo. n \ mat 'S' .

A Recent Photograph of one of the new De Havilland 10 -Passenger Aeroplanes to be used in this Service.

The machine in flight.

TIMETABLE AND ROUTE.

EVERY TUESDAY.

Depart from Sydney.

Call at Brisbane and Rockhampton.

Spend night at Townsville.

EVERY WEDNESDAY.

Depart from Townsville.

Call at Cairns, Cooktown and Port Moresby.

Spend night at Salamaua.

EVERY THURSDAY.

Depart from Salamaua.

Fly direct to Rabaul.

Spend night at Rabaul.

EVERY FRIDAY.

Depart from Rabaul.

Fly direct to Salamaua.

Spend night at Salamaua.

EVERY SATURDAY.

Depart from Salamaua.

Call at Port Moresby, Cooktown and Cairns.

EVERY SUNDAY.

Depart from Townsville.

Call at Rockhampton and Brisbane.

Arrive in Sydney.

Moderate Rates For

PASSENGERS AND CARGO.

Rates for Passengers between Sydney and Rabaul, and between Intermediate Stations and freight Rates are published in the News Columns of this issue of the "Pacific Islands Monthly".

A limited quantity of freight will be carried. Minimum charge for small articles, 5/-.

Full Details of the Sydney-New Guinea Air-Mail Service may be obtained on application to— W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

Merchants and Shipowners.

AGENTS for Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise : : Complete Range of all Stocks Carried.

Head Office: 19-21 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY.

Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain), KAVIENG (New Ireland), MADANG (New Guinea). SALAMAUA. WAU. BUT (New Guinea), TULAGI (Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands; and m LONDON.

Buyers and Shippers of; Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce.

Saigon Dietheim & Co. Pori Moresby and Samarai. Steamships Iradmg Co. Ltd; Rabaul W R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd: Port Vila Gubbay Freres-. Noumea, Carlo Leoni; Auckland. Russell & Somers Ltd: Wellington Johnston & Co Ltd on your way to AUSTRALIA.

On your way to Australia visit Auckland and Wellington ... or plan a more leisurely stay visiting the scenic wonders of New Zealand . . . magnificent fjords . , . wild, icecapped mountains . . . hot springs and spouting geysers.

Sail by the splendid new motor vessel Maetsuycker or the tourist steamer Swartenhondt, These fast K.P.M. vessels maintain a regular monthly schedule from South Pacific Island ports; provide newdirect travel facilities to New Zealand of exceptional comfort at economical fares.

S.S. SWARTENHONDT K.P.M Details of sailings from your local agent.

M.V. MAETSUYCKER

South Pacific Line

Royal Packet Navigation Co. Ltd. Paketvaan House. 255 George Street, Sydney. (N.V. Konmklijke Paketvaart Maatsohappij—lncorporated in the Netherlands)

Pacific Islands Travellers

PASSENGERS PER “MACDHUI” WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney Prom New Guinea And

PAPUA ON JANUARY 24;—Messrs. Avery, Bellhouse, Blanden, Barnewitz, Banks, de Boismenu, Claret, Cooke, Chapman, Chant, Champion, Dowsett, Engelhart, Edwards, Ede, Gordon, Harris, Harvey, Hopkins, Hillier, Hilaire, Irwin, Ives, Irvine. Kirby, Lyons, Lambert, Langford, Lesmond, Marr, Minogue, Mcßae, Mackay, Macdonald, Marshall (2), Moyon, McGowan (2), Pierce, Pratt, Simmons, Sjogren, Sim, Stewart, Smith, Simpson, Vocat, Waterhouse, Wheeler, Ward, Walker, Woodman, Zurwerra. Mesdames Bellhouse, Blanden, Banks, Brown, Cooke, Champion, Dowsett, Ede, Carden. Kendra, hopkins, Heath, Ives, Irvine, Lesmond, Middleton, Simmons, Stewart, Street, Smith, Swanson, Tudor, U„ m u’ S , B Ma D xweh Ona.ow, Swain. Simpson, WauCopo, PASSENGERS PER “MALAITA” WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From New Guinea And

SOLOMON ISLANDS PORTS ON JANUARY 28; —Messrs: Binois, Burke, Clammer, Callahan (2), Greaser, Duggan, Hiler, Johnstone, Luttress, Musgrave, Neil, Notley, O’Brien, Pabula, Roach, Seton, Stevensen, Stafford (2), Stock Taylor Thomas, Train, Wall, Younger. Mesdames: Atkinson, Callahan, Campbell, Corry, Ellis, Hanley. King, Neil, Laurette, Ring, Scotland’ Stafford, Thomson, Nelson-Turner, Seton, Wright Younger. Misses: Andrea, Atherton, Barrett’

Cook, Cronin, Elkington, Field, Hesse, Holmes!

Kerz, Knox, Lindsay, McColl, McCullough Me- Mullen, Madeleine, Miller, Mlnchinton, ’ Semmens, Thomas, Vivian, Wilson (2), Thornton.

PASSENGERS per swARTEMMnMnm wwrr’M

Sailed From Sydney For Port Moresby

PAPUA ON JANUARY 28' Mrs C E Dixon Captain A S. p“ E Fletcher W n H. Johnson G A Mong Mrs D ’ Ross W e’

Ryall V G Smith ’

PASSENGERS PER “MORINDA" WHICH AR- NORPoJk^ 1 ?"!?

Hungerford, Lawson, Martin, Monteath, Morse, Olmstead, Owens, Noonan, O’Donnell, Richer, Richmond, Roberts, Thomas, Thompson, Canon Edwards. Mesdames: Creer, Darko, Gane, Gibbes, Grand, Greenwood, Hall, Horrocks, Ingram, Livingston, McNicholl, Monaghan, Noonan, O’Donnell, Olmstead, Richer, Roberts, Thompson. Misses: Atkins, Biddle, Brown (2), Chapman, Christie, Pry, Golding, Grand, Greenwood (2), Jenkins, Jennings, Kllminster, Mason, Mac- Donald, McNlcholl (2), Richer (2), Roberts, Stacker, Stout, Wood, Sefton.

Passengers Per “Macdhui” Which

Sailed Prom Sydney For New Guinea

AND PAPUA ON FEBRUARY 2:—Messrs: Aitchison, Andrews, Asquith, Bell, Barnewitz, Beavers, Coomber, Cook, Crocker, Curry, Cooney, Doe, Dobell, Dickinson, Dale, Eilertz, Eginton, Parlow, Farrar, French, Farr, Pox, Gorry, Gough, Hartley, Hindman, Irwin, Kenward, Knight, Lambert, Lane, Mclntyre, Munro (2), McDonald, McAdam, Macadam, Mollard, Mc- Lennan, Morton, Monoghan, Mills, Nisbet, Nicholas, Owen, Oberdoff, O’Reilly, Pratt, Pickwell, Parry, Powell, Rogers, Speedie, Scannell, Stokes, Sherringham, Stevenson, Smith (2), Slmnett, Tait, Todd, Tyringham, Thompson, Vial, Willis, Wendling, Waugh, Wood, West, Young, Zurwerra. Mesdames: Aitchison, Andrews, Bell, Bouckley, Barker, Collins, Doe, Dickinson, Eilertz, Plorance, Farrar, French, Fox, Farr, Gough, Henry, Hartley, Harper, Johansen, Jarrett, Jacobsen, Moore, Maguire, Macadam, Nisbet, Nicholas, Perry, Rutledge, Rogers, Russell, Robinson, Schuler, Sherringham, Tait, Tealby, Walshe.

Misses: Andrews, Buchanan, Byron, Coleman, Craig, Eather, Fox, McGregor, Moore, Mahon, Naughton, Russell, Schuler, Smith (2), Tait (2).

(Continued On Page 80.)

1 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 192 8.

BURNS, PHILP & CO.

GENERAL MERCHANTS in t in i LTD.

SHIPOWNERS

Tourist Agents

Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney—Australia Code Address: "Burphil"

Buyers Of All Classes Of Island Produce

Regular Steamer Services from Australia to New Guinea Papua Solomon Is.—Lord Howe Is.—Norfolk Is.—New Hebrides —Java and Singapore ADVERTISERS.

Abrahams & Sons Pty., Ltd.. A. ..57 “Alnwick” Kindergarten . . . .66 Amalgamated Wireless of Aust. Ltd. 76 Angus & Coote Ltd. 21 Arnott’s Biscuits . 28 “Aspro” 59 “Ausoline” .... 80 B.A.L.M. Ltd. . . 68 Bank of N.S.W. .. 75 Berger & Sons Ltd. 44 “Bernly” Guest Hse 59 Blau (Aust.), Robt. 64 Briggs & Sons, Ltd. 15 Broomfields, Ltd. . 52 Brunton’s Flour . 74 Budge & Co. Ltd., J 46 Bullivants, Ltd. .. 54 Burns, Philp & Co. 2 Burns, Philp & Co. 66 B.P. (S.S.) Co. ... 46 Buzacott Pty. Ltd. 24 Carpenter, W. R.

Limited ii.

Chapman & Sherack 50 Chivers & Sons Ltd 37 Clarkson, L. B. ... 79 Crossle, Duff and Co., Ltd 71 Coleman Lamp Co. 23 Coral Starch .. .. 35 Cosmopolitan Hotel 79 Crossie, Duff and Macintosh, Ltd. . 70 “Cystex’’ 24 Del Cott Pty., Ltd. 56 Dewar’s Whisky .78 Doans’ Pills .. .. 74 Dobell Pty., Ltd. . 13 Donald, A. B„ Ltd. 62 Baton, Ltd., J. W. 45 Electrolux R efrigerators 30 Eno’s Fruit Salt . 73 Excelsior Supply Co 48 Fairbanks - Morse Limited 27 “Fairholm” College 14 Finau, Wm 17 Fletcher & Sons . 26 Ford Sherington Ltd 25 “44 Macleay St.” 21 Foster Clark (Aus.) Limited 65 Fryer, A. C 77 Garden Vale Products, Ltd. .. .35 Garrett & Davidson 70 Gillespie’s Flour . 36 Grand P a cific Hotel 61 Grove & Sons, W.

H 69 G u inea Airways Ltd iii- Hallstroms Pty Ltd 26 Halvorsen Sons Ltd. 51 Hardie & Co., Jas. 55 Holbrook’s, Ltd. ... 41 H o r licks Malted Milk 29 Hornadge, W 16 Horne, W. & Co. . 60 Hotel Moresby . . 79 1.C.1.A.N.Z., Ltd. . 32 Jantzen, Ltd. . . .67 Jones & Co Ltd, H. 39 Kodak Pty., Ltd. . 17 Kopsen & Co. Ltd. 63 Kork-N-Seal, Ltd. . 37 Lane & Girvan Ltd. 55 Levenson’s Radio . 72 Lloyd & Co., Pty., Ltd 13 Lustre, Ltd 65 Mcllrath’s Ltd. . 18 McKay’s Bookstall 25 McLeod, Bolton & Co 79 Maleham & Yeomans, Ltd 48 Master Sewing Machine Co. . . .43 Maxwell Porter Ltd 45 Miller & Co. Pty., Ltd 38 Morris, Hedstrom Limited 60 N.D.L 77 Nelson & Robertson Pty., Ltd. ~ 22, 68 Nestle’s Milk . . . 40 Newland Bros. Ltd. 42 New Zealand Distributors, Ltd. . 43 N.Z. Tourist Bureau 12 Nordman, Oscar G. 12 Noyes Bros., Ltd. . 49 Oxymel Oil and Paint Co., Ltd. . 4V Pabst Canned Beer 70 Pacific Is. Club 22 Papua, Hotel, The 79 Pike Bros., Ltd. .. 18 Position Wanted . 78 Prescott, Ltd. .. .34 Price’s Radio Serv. 50 Prouds, Ltd. .. .14 Ransomes Sims & Jefferies, Ltd. .. 62 Reed, Wm. E. .. .28 Reid, W. M. .. 36, 64 Reilingh, W. .. .54 Riverstone Meat Co.

Limited 31 Rohu, Sil 32 Royal Packet Co. . 1 Ruston & Hornsby 53 Scott’s Emulsion . 19 Scott, Ltd., J. . .52 Scott & Sons .. .. 54 Shell Oil Co. . . . 58 Smyth, Ltd., J. H. 23 Springwood L. Coll 13 Stanley, Chris. .. .39 Stanley fiz Co. .. .75 Steamships Trg. Co. 22 Sterling Varnish Cc 11 Sullivan, Ltd., C. 77 Sullivan, Ltd., J. J. 38 Swallow & Ariell . 34 Talkeries . .. .67 Taylor & Co., A. . 55 “Tenax” Soap .. .57 Tilley Lamp Co. . 20 Tillock & Co., Ltd. 39 Tooheys, Ltd. .. .19 “Top Dog’’ Men’s Wear t . 49 Tooth & Co iv.

Vincent’s A.P.C. . 66 “Walkabout’’ .. ..33 Warburton Franki Ltd 16 Watson, Victor, Ltd. 12 West, Harry .. ..51 Weymark & Son . 37 Wills, W. D. and H. 0.. Ltd. .. .73 Williams, Ltd., S. . 47 Wright & Co. .. .57 Wright & Co. Ltd., E 52 Wunderlich, Ltd. . 45 Yorkshire Insurance Co 68 Contents Page.

Pacific Islands Travellers 1, 80 Japan’s Shadow on the Pacific .... 3 Islands Vignettes 4 Girl Flier Missing in N.G 5 “Matua” Hits Reef in Tonga 5 Count Von Luckner’s Box of Gold . 5 New Guinea’s Progress 6 Prance and the New Hebrides .... 6 Sydney-Rabaul Air Service 7 Committee to Select N.G. Capital 8 Mishaps to P.A.A.’s “China Clipper” 8 Fiji’s Sound Finances 9 Complaint About B.P. Snips ...... 10 Tropicalities 11 About Islands People 12 New Govt. Offices in Suva 15 Tahiti Schooner Wrecked 17 Rossel Island Financiers (Papua) .. 18 Copra Market Depressed 20 Page.

Chain of Pacific Weather Stations . 24 Islands By the Way—Fascinating History of Torres Strait 25 Preserving Polynesian Relics 29 The Claims of T. H. Harrisson .... 37 Islands Life Pictured on Stamps .. 41 Zeppelin Services for Pacific? .. .. 44 Murder on the High Seas 45 C.I. Fruit* Control a Success 50 Norfolk Island to Change 51 How Washington is Curbing Pan- American Airways 53 Radio Progress During 1937 57 Fashion Hints for Islands Women .. 65 Pacific Mining Notes 68 Radio Programmes 73 Islands Produce Rates 74 Copra and Rubber Quotations .. .. 75 Shipping Services for Islands .. .. 77 2 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney , for transmission by post as a newspaper.] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Crown Colony of Fiji.

Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea.

Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

TFT FPHnNTF J Managing Director 8W5037 j Business and Editorial MA7IOI P.O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables: "Pacpub,” Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited, and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

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Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Per Annum, elsewhere, prepaid, Post Free 107- Single Copies Bd.

Editor and Publisher : R. W, ROBSON. F.R.G.S.

Assisted by Selwyn Hughes.

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Advertising rates furnished on application.

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Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by Bth of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

AGENTS The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co.. Ltd.

All Branches of Morris, Hedstrom & Co., Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Samarai, Papua.

Steamships Trading Co.. Papua. All Branches.

P. Costello, Suva. Fiji.

J. Muir, Suva, Fiji.

N. C. Mackenzie-Hunt, Wainunu, Bua, Fiji.

All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove and Sons. Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook le.

A. C. Rowland, Papeete, Tahiti.

Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building. 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. VIII., NO. 7.

Sydney, February 21, 1938.

Pri™ ( 8d - Pei Copy * i XICc ( Prepaid; 8/ . p . a .

Japan’s Shadow On The Pacific RESIDENTS in the Pacific Territories are looking at the Far East situation with astonishment and alarm. A year or two ago, their north-western horizon seemed clear and peaceful. To-day, a war-cloud hangs heavily in the north-west; and, behind it, Japan makes ready to fight any country which stands in the way of* her determination to control the Pacific, for the glory and enrichment of Japan.

The facts are indisputable; and the danger is so real that we need offer no apology for returning to the subject, again and again. The peoples of the Pacific must try to realise what is happening.

Pacific residents may feel surprise; but this development was foreseen, years ago, by long-sighted statesmen in Britain and America. The proof is seen in the new British base at Singapore, and in the powerful fortifications and fleet which the United.

States has placed in the northeastern Pacific. We may thank our gods that there were, in power, realists who could see what was going to happen in Japan, and who had the courage to prepare accordingly.

Thereby, we have been given a chance to study the situation, from behind the protection of Singapore and Hawaii, and their attendant fleets, and to get ready for the inevitable struggle.

T+ uu, . , . . ? has bee f n expla^ed m tdls J°U r ‘ ? ’ m £ ny timeS ’ at A ?

Europeans and A^ lat 1 ICS by the Japanese is unavoidable. There arp 100,000,000 people in Japan, and only about two-thirds of them can be maintained by their own land: the remainder must depend upon imported goods. Thus, Japan has become a manufacturing nation—she must export the products of her factories in order to import raw materials and foodstuffs. Therein lies deep-rooted trouble. Millions of Japanese workers live on less than a tenth of what European workers consider necessary; Japanese labour costs are so low that Japanese manufacturers can undersell almost any European products in any market in the world. European countries, forced to protect the living standards of their people, have imposed higher and higher tariffs against Japanese goods.

The logic of those facts is inescapable. Japan must find either open markets for her manufactured goods, or new colonies for her enormous and growing surplus population. Since neither can be provided voluntarily by the other nations, only one course is open to Japan—armed and organised to the utmost of her capacity, she will go forth to destroy European control in the Western Pacific countries, and open up markets for her products, and lands for her swarming colonists. Japan recognises this now, but whether this knowledge has directed her policy of “westernisation” of her institutions and industries it is hard to say. No European can understand the mind of a Japanese; so we do not know, really, whether Japanese policy during the last two decades has been torn between two different schools of thought (Fascist —expansionists, who would seek world conquest by the sword, and Liberal- Radicals, who would gain the national ends without recourse to war), or whether the only difference of opinion was concerning the right time to strike. It does not matter, now—Japan is now controlled completely by the Fascist-Militaristexpansionist section, and is committed irrevocably to the invasion of China, which, sooner or later, will bring her into conflict with the 3 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 91, 103 8.

European nations. All we can do now is to try to make an intelligent forecast of the probable course of events.

When they threw their country into the Chinese adventure, the Japanese militarists clearly counted on two things: That Britain and FTance, being uncertain of Germany and Italy, would not dare to send sufficient forces out of Europe to interfere in China; and that U.S.A. would decline to enter into any war where the Monroe Doctrine was not involved. Russia was a danger; but (we may suppose Japan argued) Russia cannot fight at the end of 4,000 miles of trans-Siberian railway.

Japan believed that she could overrun and control China before any European nation would be free and able to interfere; and could thus bring an incredible number of Asiatic troops against the Europeans.

But it is not working out that way.

Although the Japanese armies are all over eastern China, the Chinese are resisting staunchly; Britain and France have remained calm—but have seen to it that the Chinese are getting good supplies of war materials; American public opinion, wholly pro-Chinese, is slowly recognising the inevitability of a struggle in the Pacific against Japan; and there is evidence that increasing supplies of war materials are reaching the Chinese from Russia, through western China. It is possible that Japan will be seriously weakened, in both a military and an economic sense, through becoming “bogged” in China.

But that cannot change the course of events. Control of China will give Japan a new market, and huge reserves of raw materials and manpower, but it will not alter the fact that, sooner or later, Japan must challenge European power in southeastern Asia and the Western Pacific.

Rather, if she is allowed time in which to conquer and mould China to her own ends, will Japan’s control of China strengthen her hands for the inevitable struggle.

Meanwhile, all European communities in the Pacific—and especially British, Americans, French and Dutch —must co-operate in preparation for war. The prospect is horrible, in the extreme, yet no one seems able to offer a peaceful solution. On the one hand, we have scores of millions of Asiatics,, demanding new territory for their increasing surplus population; while on the other hand, we have Pacific territories colonised and developed by Europeans, whose standards of living must be protected by the rigid exclusion of the Asiatic masses.

Administratorship Of

SAMOA It is reported from New Zealand, unofficially but on good authority, that Mr.

James O’Brien, Labour member for Westland and Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Native Affairs, will shortly be appointed Administrator of Western Samoa. He was a member of the “Goodwill Mission” to Apia, in 1936.

The proposal has been sharply criticised, hoth in the Dominion and in Samoa, on the grounds that Mr. O’Brien is without any apparent qualifications and, at 62, is too old to fill such an important and difficult post.

The present Acting Administrator is Mr. A. C. Turnbull, who, since 1935, has carried on with conspicuous ability and tact.

ISLANDS VIGNETTES: New Guinea Ten Years Ago.

TOP LEFT: Alexishafen (Sek), on the Madang Coast, mainland of New Guinea. TOP RIGHT: Madang Harbour (Friedrich Wilhelm’s Hafen in German times), on the north shore of Schering Peninsula. BOTTOM LEFT: Canoes meeting the B.P. steamer “Montoro” at Lorengau, Manus Group. BOTTOM RIGHT: The Father's Quarters at the Society of the Divine Word Mission, Alexishafen.

Girl Flier’S

MISHAP Was Lost For Three Days On Flight To Wau.

From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Feb. 18.

MISS BARBARA HITCHINS, the 23years-old Sydney flier, was missing for three days on a flight from Kerema (Papua) to Wau (New Guinea) this week. She was found safe yesterday 60 miles south-west of Madang in the Mandated Territory. Her ’plane was slightly damaged.

In her Gipsy Moth, Miss Hitchins left?

Kerema, a Government station on the Papuan coast, about 200 miles N.-W. of Pt. Moresby, on Monday, the 14th. The flight should not have taken more than an hour and a half. Wau later reported that she had not arrived there, and no news was received of her from any other centre.

Apparently, Miss Hitchins overshot Wau. her objective, and after travelling to the north was forced down in the Madang area. Many searchers went out, including P.O.D.'s amphibian and Ray Parer’s ’plane. Late yesterday afternoon Pilot G. Cannon, of Guinea Airways, sighted the missing machine. Pilot Jack Todd, of Stephens Airways, landed beside it, and took Miss Hitchins to Madang.

PREVIOUS FORCED LANDING.

Accompanied by Mr. W. Roberts, who has mining interests at Kerema, Miss Hitchins left Sydney for Papua and N.G. on January 21. She arrived at Pt. Moresby on January 27, after an uneventful six-hours’ flight from Cape York.

On February 2, th,e undercarriage of her ’plane was damaged when she made a forced landing at Vailala River, near Kerema. Miss Hitchins escaped injury.

"Matua" Hits Reef At Nukualofa.

WHEN she was entering Nukualofa Harbour, Tonga, on February 9, the Union S.S. Co.’s motor-ship “Matua”, struck a submerged reef. The impact caused damage to the after part of the ship and the propellers.

The exact cause of the mishap is not known, but it is believed to have been due to a ch,ange in the buoys marking the difficult eastern entrance to the harbour.

An inspection of the vessel was made, but the full extent of the damage could not be ascertained. It was apparently not very serious because the Wellington (N.Z.) office of the Union Co. announced that the “Matua” would complete her itinerary, visiting Samoa and Fiji before returning to Auckland about February 21.

She will then proceed to Wellington to go into dry dock for survey and repairs.

Built specially for the Central Pacific service, the “Matua” is a twin-screw motor vessel of 4,193 tons. Under Captain A. H. Prosser, she has carried on a service between N.Z., Cook Is., Tonga., Samoa and Fiji since 1936. She is 355 ft. long with a beam of 50 ft. and a depth of 21 ft., and she has accommodation for 40 passengers.

Search For Mrs. Putnam In

CENTRAL PACIFIC.

CHARLES C. PUTNAM, Jr., of New York, will shortly leave San Francisco leading an expedition which he has organised to search for the American aviators, Amelia Earhart Putnam and Captain Fred Noonan, who were lost near Howland Island last year. His three-masted schooner will concentrate the search in the Gilbert and Ellice, Union, and Phoenix Groups.

Mr. Putnam is not related to George Palmer Putnam, the aviatrix’s widower, who is convinced that his wife is dead.

BIG SHIPMENT OF FIJI GOLD.

From Our Own Correspondent, SUVA, Feb. 15.

THE largest consignment of gold yet received from the Tavua field is awaiting shipment for Australia. It comprises 6,232 oz., of which 3,665 oz. is from the Emperor mine, and 2,567 oz. from the Loloma mine.

Made up into 17 bars, the gold was brought to Suva from Tavua under an escort of armed police. At a valuation of £7/10/ (Fiji) per oz., it is worth almost £47,000.

SEEKING HIS BOX OF GOLD.

Story of Count von Luckner.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, Jan. 15.

THE Count and Countess von Luckner on board their yacht “See Teufel” sailed from Papeete on December 4.

Their intention was to visit Moorea, the Leeward Islands and the atoll Mopiha, where the Count’s war raider “See Adler” was wrecked.

A story has been passed about Papeete that the Count confided to some dinner companions his secret purpose in going to Mopiha.

It is said that, when the “See Adler” was cast upon the reef of Mopiha in 1917, her strong box, full of gold coin, was brought ashore and buried in a secret place known only to the Count and some trusted companions. For 20 years, this treasure has been lying- there awaiting its owner,* who now has come to recover it.

Miss Barbara Hitchins, on her arrival at Kila Kila aerodrome, Port Moresby.

Count and Countess von Luckner, near the waterfront in Papeete, Tahiti, examining a gun from the "See Adler”—the famous German raider commanded by Count von Luckner in the Great War. (Photo. by Simpson). 5 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

N.G.’s Progress Administrator's Review at Opening of Legislative Council.

From Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, Feb. 15.

OPENING the N.G. Legislative Council on February 10, the President (Sir Walter McNicoll) referred to the progress made in the Territory in the last five years. Revenue, he said, had increased by 57 per cent, to £481,000, expenditure by 64 per cent, to £460,000, and external trade by 104 per cent, to £3,864,- 039.

During the five years ended June 30 last the white population had increased by 1,515 to 5,881. In the same period the counted native population had increased by 152,463 to 542,394. Indentured labourers had increased by 13,653 to 40,259.

In the Supplementary Estimates, the Treasurer asked for £ll,OOO more to meet expenditure incurred following the recent eruption, bringing the total sum provided for this purpose to £40,000.

At the beginning of the financial year, the Treasurer said, the surplus for the year was estimated at £40,000. Notwithstanding the eruption, this surplus was still expected as the result of increased revenue, import duty, and the sale of Coronation stamps.

No. 6 Bulolo Ready In March

THE small No. 6 dredge for work on the A area acquired by Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd. from Bulolo Gold Deposits Ltd. near Wau, New Guinea, is almost completed and will commence operations at the end of March.

The erection of this dredge was held up for a time because of a shortage of steel for the fabrication and the non-arrival of machinery from America. No. 6 is a replica of the dredge built by one of B.G.D.’s associate companies in Columbia, South America.

The first Bulolo deep-digger, No. 5 started in December on the Bulolo flats.

It is working at* considerably less than normal capacity, and will continue so for several months until a new driving motor is installed. No. 7, similar to No. 5, is now being built.

Nauru Church Being Built in Melbourne.

A CHURCH thp,t will be shipped in sections to Nauru Island, Central Pacific, is being built in Melbourne to the order of Rev. C. L. Welsh, of the L.M.S., now on leave in Victoria. It will be ready for shipment in the British Phosphate Commission’s vessel “Triona”, sailing at the end of February.

Wood, cement, and fibrous plaster are the main materials. They were bought with £3,000 subscribed by the Nauruans, who will re-erect the church and carry out the cement and plaster work. The building will accommodate 1,000 people.

The church will be cruciform in shape, with a bell tower and cross. It will have a concrete base, raised altar, and choir stalls, over which there will be a Gothic arch. Spotlights will be used to illuminate the choir, altar, and electric organ chamber. All furnishings will be of red wood to resist white ants, which destroyed the old church.

BURNS, PHILP TRUST CO.

New Subsidiary Formed 'T'HE registration was announced on Jan- A uary 27 of the Burns, Philp Trust Company Ltd., with a capital of £50,000 in £1 shares.

This is a new subsidiary of Burns, Philp and Company Ltd., formed to take over the trustee and agency business hitherto handled by the parent company. All the capital (nominally £50,000) is held by Burns, Philp and Company Ltd. The directors of the subsidiary are Messrs.

James Burns, Robert Nosworthy, Lewis Armstrong, and Joseph Mitchell (all of whom are directors of Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd.), and the manager is Mr. C. H.

Chester.

The new company will act as the trustee of an estate, as the executor of a will, as financial agent for any person or firm, and as manager of property and investments.

Its constitution and associations provide a sufficient guarantee of fidelity.

Mr. T. P. Byrne, Collector of Customs at Samarai, Papua, has been transferred to Port Moresby.

THE STEVENSON PLATE AT TAUTIRA, TAHITI.

THIS plate was not presented by Robert Louis Stevenson (as stated by your Tahiti correspondent in November), but by his mother, who accompanied him on his health-seeking trip to the South Seas in 1888-1889.

During their stay at Tautira Mrs. Stevenson attended a Communion service in the native church. The wine was in two black beer-bottles, the cups were of very common earthenware, and the bread was baked bread-fruit. Writing to her sister, who was then residing in Scotland, Mrs.

Stevenson said: “The service, apart from these things, was all that one could wish”.

On her return to Scotland she had a set of suitably-engraved silver Communion vessels made, and sent them to the native pastor at Tautira. Each article is marked underneath: “Given by Mrs.

Thomas Stevenson, Edinburgh”.

The vessels are still in regular use, and the present native pastor is always pleased to show them to European visitors.

J. D. McCOMISH.

NEW HEBRIDES.

France Should Not Be Asked To Make Sacrifice.

IN an article which is justified and timely, the “Bulletin du Commerce” of Noumea, New Caledonia, comments upon some of the ridiculous statements which have appeared in Australian newspapers relating to the New Hebrides. Some Australian newspapers —whose lack of knowledge of Pacific Islands affairs is abysmal—have suggested that Australia should take over the New Hebrides, and that France should be given some sort of compensation for withdrawal from the Group.

The Noumea newspaper quite properly points out that such a proposal is absurd; and it quotes figures to show the dominance of French interests in the Condominium.

It is pointed out that in 1936 the exports of the New Hebrides were 10,131,664 francs and the imports 10,056,000 francs. The French section of the imports was worth 7,404,000 francs (of which a very large proportion were goods purchased from Australia) and the British section, 2,652,000 francs. Of the exports, the English part represented 626,800 francs, while the French part was 9,504,800 francs.

It is pointed out also that in 1936 the total of British shipping which visited the New Hebrides was 38,000 tons, while the French shipping totalled 258,000 tons.

Finally, the “Bulletin du Commerce” points out that the last census shows that the British and their dependants in the Group numbered only 251, while the French and their dependants numbered 1,706.

The newspaper comments: “The importance of our trade, the number of our colonists, and the condition and value of our plantations are indisputable, and it is inconceivable that the Government of France would consent to sacrifice this happy result of our successful colonisation.”

Editorial Note: Anyone who knows the recent history and present condition of the New Hebrides will agree with the opinion expressed by the Noumea newspaper. Britain cruelly neglected her colonists in the New Hebrides, while France assisted her nationals in every possible way. In the circumstances, it cannot be expected that France will abandon the New Hebrides simply because a few Australian and British people have awakened, in very belated fashion, to the strategic importance of the Group. It is much more likely that (a) the Group will be divided, the larger and more valuable islands going to France and the smaller and less important islands to Australia; or (b) that Australia will simply take the place of Britain as a partner in the Condominium, and endeavour to build up British settlement in the New Hebrides, in harmonious co-operation with French interests. 6 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

SINGLE AND RETURN FARES.

Port Sala- Moresby. maua.

Rabaul. £ S. d. £ S. d. £ s. d.

Sydney (Single) 30 0 0 35 0 0 35 0 0 „ (Return) 57 0 0 66 10 0 66 10 0 Brisbane (S) 25 0 0 35 0 0 35 0 0 M (R) 47 10 0 66 10 0 66 10 0 Rockhampton (S) 20 0 0 30 0 0 30 0 0 „ (R) 38 0 0 57 0 0 57 0 0 Townsville fS) 15 0 0 25 0 0 25 0 0 „ (R) 38 10 0 47 10 0 47 10 0 Cairns (S) 12 0 0 22 0 0 22 0 0 ,, (R) 21 16 0 39 18 0 39 18 0 Cooktown (S) 10 0 0 20 0 0 20 0 0 ,, (R) 19 0 0 38 0 0 38 0 0 Port Moresby (S) — 12 0 0 17 0 0 »» ,, (R) — 24 0 0 34 0 0 Salamaua (S) — — 7 0 0 ,, (R) — — 13 6 0 FREIGHT CHARGES.

Port Sala- Moresby. maua.

Rabaul.

Sydney, per lb. .. .. 3/3 4/ 4/ minimum .. 5/ 5/ 5/ cub. rate • ■ 7/ 8/ 8/ B’bane, per lb. . . 2/6 4/ 4/ minimum .. 5/ 5/ 5/ cub. rate ... 5/ 8/ 8/ Rh’mpt’n per lb. .... 2/ 3/6 3/6 minimum .. 5/ 5/ 5/ cub. rate . .. 5/ 7/ 7/ T’ville per lb. .. .. 1/6 3/ 3/ minimum ... 5/ 5/ 5/ cub. rate . 4/6 7/ 7/ Cairns per lb. ... 1/3 2/9 2/9 minimum • 5/ 5/ 5/ cub. rate • • 4/ 7/ 7/ C’town per lb. .... 1/ 2/6 2/6 minimum .. 5/ 5/ 5/ cub. rate .. 3/ 5/ 5/ Pt. M’by. per lb. — 1/ 1/9 minimum ... — 5/ 5/ cub. rate — 3/ 5/ S.’maua per lb. — — 9d. minimum ... — — 5/ cub. rate .. — — 3/ Look on the Front of Your Wrapper!

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"Once Aboard The

LUGGER ..."

STRIKE AT LAUTOKA.

Trouble With Sugar Mill Labourers in Fiji.

From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 3.

ON January 11, word was received in Suva that a strike of Indian and Fijian labourers had occurred at th,e Lautoka sugar mill. Details were meagre, but on the 13th it was announced that the trouble had been settled.

It appears that a proposed change in the system of paying the labour led to the strike. The custom of the C.S.R.

Co. in the past, when dealing with, European and half-caste employees, was to keep one pay in hand, this to be given over at the completion of employment.

Apparently the Co. attempted to apply this system lndian and Fijian labour who are *paid weekly.

When their week’s pay was withheld, the labourers immediately went on strike.

They organised pickets and such essential services as the delivery of milk, meat, etc., had to be carried out by Europeans. The C.S.R. train was taken out by a half-caste engineer, the regular Indian driver being prevented from doing so by his compatriots.

Eventually the Co. acceded to the demands of the labour—a fact which caused considerable comment throughout the Colony, old hands remarking that it was most unlike the C.S.R. to give in on such a matter.

Mr. W. Macarthur King, of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd., Fiji, is at present* spending furlough at Tamworth, N.S.W., with his family.

Rabaul Electricity Ltd.’s interim dividend at the rate of 3J per cent, for the half-year to December 31 h#s been declared payable on February 28.

Sydney - New Guinea Air Mail

Passenger and Freight Rates for New Weekly Service to Rabaul.

ALTHOUGH Messrs. W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., is ready to begin its new weekly air-mail service between Sydney and New Guinea, under Government subsidy, th,e actual date of commencement has not yet been decided upon by the Federal authorities.

A survey flight will be undertaken during the first week in March, and the inaugural official flight will be made at the end of March or, more likely, early in April. The service will be maintained by Carpenter and Co.’s operating subsidiary, W.R.C. Airlines.

The Company has submitted a schedule of passenger rates and freight charges to the Commonwealth Government. Final approval has not yet been given, but it is understood the following rates will apply: The aeroplanes to be used are British De Havilland 86B’s. Two will make alternate weekly trips, while one will be permanently stationed at Salamaua as an emergency machine. Each will carry a pilot-navigator and a pilot-radioman.

The operating personnel will be: Captain R. O. Mant (Plying Superintendent), of Mandated Airlines in New Guinea, and First-Officer K. G. Jackson, formerly of the R.A.A.F., Laverton (Victoria); and Captain G. J. I. Clark, of Mandated Airlines, and First-Officer B. D. Bates, formerly of the N.S.W. Aero Club.

Each, ’plane’s passenger accommodation consists of 10 comfortable lounge chairs, adjustable so that travellers can either sit upright or recline at ease.

Over the water hops—Cooktown to Pt.

Moresby, and Salamaua to Rabaul —only six passengers will be carried, the extra space being needed for additional fuel.

The machines have a capacity for 400 lb. of mail and 200 lb. of cargo. They are fitted with, morse and telephony (speech) sets and carry directional finding equipment. Their cruising speed is 140 m.p.h., with a maximum of 166 m.p.h.

Fuel load will be 191 gallons, sufficient for 750 miles’ flying.

TIMETABLE AND ROUTE.

Every Tuesday, a ’plane will leave Kingsford-Smith Aerodrome, Mascot, Sydney, at 7 a.m. and fly by way of Brisbane and Rockhampton to Townsville, where the night will be spent. The following morning it will leave for Pt.

Moresby (Papua), arriving at 1.30 p.m. after calls at Cairns and Cooktown, An hour later the flight across th,e ranges to Salamaua (New Guinea) is commenced. The final hop to Rabaul will be made the next morning (Thursday), between 7 a.m. and 10 a.m.

On the return journey, a ’plane will depart from Rabaul every Friday at 1 p.m., reaching Salamaua the same afternoon. Pt, Moresby (8 a.m. to 8.30 a.m.), Cooktown, Cairns, and Townsville are the stops next day. Then, flying via Rockhampton and Brisbane, Sydney is reacned at’ 5.30 p.m., Sunday.

Miss Meg Bunting, eldest daughter of Hon. and Mrs. A. H. Bunting, of Samarai, Papua, was married to Mr. L. Ashton at the Church of England Cathedral, Papua, by Bishop Newton, on February 1. They spent* their honeymoon at Milne Bay, in th,e Eastern Division, and then sailed by the “Macdhui” for New Guinea where they will make their home.

Modern Polynesian Misses at Rarotonga, aboard the Cook Islands schooner “Tiare Taporo”. (Photo by W. H. Watson). 7 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

To Select a New Capital.

General Griffiths Appointed Head of the N.G. Committee.

THE personnel of the Committee appointed by the Federal Government to select a site for the new capital of New Guinea consists of: — Brigadier-General T. Griffiths, formerly Administrator of New Guinea (Chairman) ; Mr. C. W. Thomas, loans officer of the Commonwealth Treasury (finance member) ; and Mr. L. Thornton, engineer of the Department of the Interior (technical member), The Committee sailed from Sydney for Rabaul by the “Nankin” on February 12.

A report will be prepared for presentation to the Government at the end of March.

Brigadier-General Thomas Griffiths, C.M.G., C.8.E., D. 5.0., was Administrator of New Guinea from 1919 to 1921, during th,e military occupation, and again from 1932 to 1934 during the civil administration.

MATUPI AGAIN ACTIVE.

Passengers from Rabaul who reached Cairns by the “Montoro” on February 12, said that severe “gurias” shook the town on th,e Bth. Three distinct shocks were felt, one of which lasted 50 seconds, causing some alarm. Only minor damage was done.

Matupi volcano, it was reported, was showing renewed activity. It was belching dense clouds of sulphurous smoke and steam.

Mr. J. Sharpe, one of the passengers, said that the discovery had been made that the entire town site of Rabaul had sunk one foot.

Japan’s Economic Penetration of Central Pacific THE gradual peaceful penetration of Japanese commercial interests in Western Samoa and the Cook Islands is causing concern in official circles in New Zealand.

Newspapers have published figures to show the recent rapid increase of Japan’s trade with the islands administered by the New Zealand Government. Samoa, for instance, imported goods from Japan worth £895 in 1931; in 1936, the Japanese imports had risen to £17,781. In the Cook Group the figures, on a smaller scale, tell a similar story.

Officially the view appears to be that nothing can be done to combat this tendency. Western Samoa is administered as a mandate and the N.Z. authorities believe that this involves no right to indulge in discriminatory tariffs.

Nauru Phosphate Industry

EXPANDS.

“rpHE phosphate industry at Nauru and A Ocean Islands continues to expand”, said Commander R. C.

Garsia, Administrator at Nauru, Central Pacific, who arrived in New Zealand on February 10 by the British Phosphate Commission’s motor-ship, “Triaster”.

The consumption of phosphate by N.Z. and Australia had risen by several hundred thousand tons in the last two years, he added. At Nauru, new machinery was installed last* year and further increases in the plant will be made in the near future so that the demands of Australia and N.Z. could be fully met without delay.

Mr. and Mrs. Les Brown, of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., arrived in Sydney from New Guinea by the February “Neptuna”.

OFF ON A SHEEP-MUSTER.

P.A. AIRWAYS.

Mishaps to "China Clipper" on North Pacific Route.

TWICE in one week, at the end of January, Pan-American Airways’

“China Clipper” on the North Pacific service was forced back to port.

Carrying a crew of 7, and 8 passengers, the “Clipper” was nearly half-way across the ocean between San Francisco and Honolulu, when it was discovered that mechanism to pump fuel from a wing tank containing 700 gallons was out of order. The fuel was not immediately needed, but was essential for completion of the 2,400 miles flight to Hawaii. Putting back, the ’plane landed safely at Los Angeles.

The second mishap occurred a few days later when the “Clipper” was forced back to Honolulu by engine trouble when two hours out on the way to Midway Island, half-way between Hawaii and China. Sh,e landed without incident, with 14 passengers.

There has been no official announcement yet by P.A. Airways as to when the Co. will resume the South Pacific service to New Zealand, tragically interrupted by the loss of the “Samoan Clipper” and her crew in January. Succeeding Captain E. C. Musick, Captain John H. Tilton, a veteran P.A.A. pilot, has been appointed chief of th,e Pacific Division of Pan-American Airways. He has had long service with the Co., and at present is in command of one of the North Pacific Martin “Clippers”.

A LUCKY ESCAPE.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Feb. 1.

A SEDAN car driven by Mr. L. Logan, Headquarters Officer, got out of control when he was driving along the Lower Pr .t Road at Konedobu on January 23. It fell over the embankment to the beach below, striking a huge boulder and ending up on its side.

Neither Mr. Logan nor his two small children with him in the car were injured, beyond a few cuts and bruises. The vehicle was badly damaged.

LIVED 56 YEARS IN SAMOA.

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Jan. 25.

AT the age of 88, Mr. Peter Paul, who had lived in Samoa for 56 years, died in Apia Hospital on New Year’s Day. A German, he was particularly well-liked, and some 500 Europeans and Samoans attended the funeral.

He had been a builder and contractor in Samoa since 1881 and was responsible for many of the buildings around Apia.

Before coming here, he was in Hawaii as an engineer, and later built the first sugar mill in Fiji, in addition to many homes for the pioneer settlers. He constructed several trading posts in Tonga for the German merchants, D.H.P.G.

The body of Daniel Condon, 50, of Wau, T.N.G., who wandered into the bush after a serious illness, was found on February 17. The head had been shattered by gunshot.

Three of the native stockmen employed on a plantation at Erromanga, New Hebrides, where a sheep raising industry has been conducted successfully for several years. 8 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

EXPORTS, 1937.

Quantity.

Sugar .. ., Copra 30,001 tons (34,582) Bananas .. 152,347 cases (150,147) Molasses .. 19,673 tons (22,576) Gold . . . 21,407 oz. (17,107) Trochus 144 tons (185) Value. £ £ Sugar 1,388,681 (1.331.701) Copra .. ..

Bananas ..

Molasses 19,673 (22,576) Gold .. .. 166,115 (131.684) Trochus .. 12,723 (14,305) Other .. ..

Total .. 2,213,657 (2,135,427) IMPORTS. 1937. £ £ Value 1,760,744 (1.501,854) Duty 463,923 (418-757) Wharfage 13,717 (12,684) Tonnage Duty 2,934 (3,207) TONGAN CHIEFS VISIT NEW ZEALAND.

N.G. ADMINISTRATOR'S KNIGHTHOOD.

Letter to the Editor.

I FEEL that it is,only fair, considering how frankly “Rabaulite” has criticised the giving of the award of a knighthood to General MlcNicoll, to state that in the view of many people in Rabaul the General unquestionably deserved the award.

True, h,e was not actually here at the time of the eruption, but this he remedied as soon as possible, flying to Rabaul at once from Lae, although uncertain as to the state of the landing ground in Rabaul.

Once arrived in Rabaul he was faced with the difficult task of “cleaning up” sufficiently for the return of the population, and the restarting of the Rabaul Government offices, a very necessary and essential requirement—a task which had to be accomplished, since it was becoming more and more fraught with difficulties to keep the Chinese population at least, out at Kokopo with no means of earning their living. It was due to his firmness and far-sighted policy that Rabaul was so quickly “carrying on”.

I am, etc., ANOTHER RABAULITE.

Rabaul, 10/1/1938.

Mr. John Trotter, general manager of Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd., at Suva, has been appointed a nominated member of the Fiji Legislative Council in place of Sir Maynard Hedstrom, who resigned recently.

U.S. Government Slashes Matson Subsidy.

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Feb. 9.* THE U.S. Maritime Commission has announced that the Matson- Oceanic Line, which operates the liners “Monterey” and “Mariposa” in the trans-Pacific service from California, via Hawaii and Suva, to New Zealand and Australia, has been granted a total annual subsidy of 650,000 dollars—a big reduction upon what the Company formerly received. The subsidy may be reduced more, depending upon U.S.

Post Office audits of the service.

Formerly the Company was paid an average annual rate of alrftost 1,000,000 dollars. The Post Office is becoming more practical. It prefers to pay out for actual services rendered, or upon a poundage basis.

With this big reduction in subsidy of their rival’s operations, is it possible to hope that at long last the British interests will do something '.about replacing the antiquated trans-Pacifichope that at long last the British in- Union liners “Niagara” and “Aorangi”?

Mr. A. B. Ackland, of the Fiji Agriculture Department, arrived in New Zealand on a business trip by the January “Monterey”.

FIJI’S TRADE. 1937 Returns Disclose Sound Position, From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 3.

THE remarkably sound position of Fiji’s trade is disclosed in the returns of exports and imports for 1937. Exports totalled £2,213,657, a rise of £78,230 —due mainly to better returns for sugar and a higher gold output. Imports were £1.760,744, an increase of £258,- 890.

Details (1936 figure given in parenthesis, for comparison):— CUSTOMS REVENUE, 1937.

An increase of £102,754 on the original estimates (£4,294 on the revised estimates) was recorded in Fiji customs revenue for 1937.

The biggest return was Import Duties, £463,- 923 —an increase of £91,923 on the original estimate and £3,563 on the revised. Port and Customs Service Tax returned £32,039. a rise of £9,039 on the original and £739 on the revised estimate. Port and Customs Service Tax brought In £17,792, an increase of £1,792 on the original estimate but a small decrease on the revised estimate.

Totals were: Revenue, £513,754; original estimate, £411,000; increase on original estimate, £102,754. Revised estimate, £509.460; increase on revised estimate, £4,302, less a decrease of £8 in one item leaving a net increase of £4,294.

C.I. Resident Commissioner

GOES TO NEW ZEALAND.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, Jan. 26.

MR. S. J. SMITH, Resident Commissioner of the Cook Islands, sailed by the last “Matua” for New Zealand, where he will confer with the Government on several important business matters relating to the Group.

Since his appointment as R.C., Mr.

Smith has found that he has a full time job. Besides his usual duties as Commissioner and Judge of the High Court, etc., he has supervised the inauguration of the Fruit Control Board. This has meant addressing numerous meetings of native growers, not only on Rarotonga but on all the islands of the Lower Cooks.

His keen interest in the welfare of the natives augurs well for their future happiness and prosperity.

After spending two months in Australia, during which they made a tour of New South Wales, Hon Ata (Minister for Lands at Nukualofa, Tonga) and Hon. Sateki Akauola (Governor of Vavau) sailed for New Zealand by the “Niagara” on February 17. Solomone Biukana, Ata’s young adopted son, remained in Sydney to be educated.

The chiefs intend to visit the Waikato headquarters at Ngaruawahia, and make a formal presentation of kava to the Maori King. Koroki, and to Princess Te Puea Herangi. They will also visit Rotorua.

Sateki (right) was educated in New Zealand, and served with the Maori Battalion in the Great War. During a visit to the Pacific Islands Club, Sydney, in February, he renewed acquaintance with Noho Toki, a Maori chief with whom he fought at Gallipoli. 9 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

B.P. SHIPS.

Complaint About Pre-Embarkation Service.

Letter to the Editor.

PERMIT me space in your journal, to air a Series of grievances relative to the B.P, shipping services.

I advised my intention of travelling from Salamaua (New Guinea) to Sydney and return, well in advance of the scheduled sailing date of the “Neptuna”.

The first annoyance was that the ship decided to sail from Salamaua four days earlier than advertised —a fact elicited by me by chance, and of which I was not notifiid. This necessitated a most exasperating rush, to join the steamer, with resultant disorganisation of my working arrangements.

On application to B.P.’s Salamaua branch, I was informed that it would be necessary for me to occupy “steerage accommodation”, which was endorsed on my first saloon ticket, for which full first saloon fare had been accepted. This accommodation I flatly refused to occupy, having viewed the steerage accommodation. which comprised four- and two-birth cabins in the after deck, sadly lacking in facilities and cleanliness, and, presumably, in use by Asiatics.

I interviewed the ship’s purser, who, whilst commiserating with me in my distress, stated that the matter of interfering with accommodation held in reserve for other ports, was outside his jurisdiction, without the authority of the Salamaua branch manager being obtained. I was put to the annoyance of interviewing the branch manager and a B.P. inspector, who graciously consented to do their utmost to alleviate my distress and perturbation.

Eventually, prior to the hour of sailing, I was allotted a 2-berth cabin, which I occupied alone for some few days, despite the fact th#t three friends of mine were in the close confines of a two-berth cabin.

Later I was given a single berth cabin which I held to Sydney.

The service on shipboard was excellent and thoroughly merits the praise bestowed by all passengers, but the exasperations experienced prior to embarkation tend to leave an ineradicable impression, which only time and the untiring solicitude of the ship’s personnel may cause to fade from one’s memory. This state of affairs must be rectified if B.P. hope to continue to attract the class of tourist this ship merits.

I trust the foregoing may bear fruit, and result in better shore administration, with an allotment of space to each port, thus enabling booking clerks to allot staterooms, and numbers of same, instead of as at present leaving thjs responsibility to an overworked purser.

I am, etc., JAMES WRIGHT.

Wau, New Guinea.

EDITORIAL NOTE: The above article was shown to the shipping department of Messrs. Bums, Philp and Co. Ltd., Sydney. They explained that on the trip referred to, the “Neptuna’s” cabin accommodation had been allocated between the various ports, and that there were more passengers wishing to travel to Sydney than there were berths available. B.P. had to get special permission from the authorities to carry the extra travellers—mostly school-children returning from their holidays and New Guinea residents on their way south to attend the Sesqui-Oentenary celebrations. The congestion was unavoidable, it was pointed out, because they wished to accommodate all the passengers offering, rather than compel them to await the next steamer.

Another Murnau Film

THE brother of a distinguished German, F. W. Murnau, the film director, who was well-known and beloved in French Oceania, arrived in Australia in February by the “Leuna.” He is Herr Robert Murnau of Berlin.

Mr. Murnau has been administrator of his brother’s estate since the latter’s death in a motor accident in U.S.A. in 1931. The estate includes property in Europe and America and the tiny island of Anaa, south of the Marquesas, in the Eastern Pacific.

It was on Anaa that Murnau made his magnificent South Seas film “Taboo,” a picture of whose Tahitian girl star, Reri, adorned Mr. Murnau’s cabin in the “Leuna.”

Mr. Murnau said that his brother had made another South Seas travelogue film which had been released to the German Ufa concern three months ago. He expected that the new film eventually will be shown in Australian and Pacific Islands centres.

"Zita II" Arrives At Hawaii.

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Feb. 4.

RESIDENTS of Pitcairn, Mangareva, th,e Tuamotus, Marquesas, and, finally, Tahiti, will be glad to hear that Dr. W. F. Holcomb in the 46 foot staysail schooner “Zita H.’’, who visited all those islands during 1937, has arrived safely at Hawaii. Leaving San Francisco, in September, 1936, Dr. Holcomb, accompanied by his wife, their two daughters, Elizabeth and Iris, and George Over (a University of California sophomore), has covered some 13,000 miles without undue incident.

Before Pitcairn they visited the socalled “tragic” isles of Galapagos and met Arthur Wittmer and his family who became emmeshed in the mysteryshrouded antics of the sensational Baroness Eloise Bosquet von Wagner Wehrbom. The latter, a glamorous Viennese noblewoman, set up a strange “Garden of Eden” kingdom on Floriana Island.

The Wittmers were the last to see alive the baroness and her companion, Robert Phillipson, who set sail from Floriana a year or so ago, never to be heard from again. ihe Holcomb party speak highly of 'the generous hospitality which was showered upon them wherever they went in the South Seas.

Violent Earthquake off Coast of Dutch New Guinea A SUBMARINE earthquake of great violence convulsed the Arafura Sea near the Aru Islands, off the southern coast of Dutch New Guinea, on February 2. It was the most terrific disturbance ever recorded at Riverview Observatory, Sydney—all the instruments were flung completely out of adjustment. Darwin, Northern Australia, was rocked by a series of tremors for 10 minutes, but only minor damage was suffered.

Mr. E. W. P. Chinnery, Director of District Services and Native Affairs in New Guinea, is at present spending long leave in Victoria.

"SHOW HANDS!"-CHILD WELFARE WORK IN FIJI.

EARLY morning inspection at a native koro in Fiji: children, with hands extended for examination, await the welfare worker. Note the large bottle of castor oil held by the serious-faced young lady at the left!

During the last decade there has been marked improvement in the health of Fijian women and children and in the care of the home. This is due mainly to the work carried out under the schemes of the Central Executive Council of Child Welfare in Fiji. Women’s Committees of four have been formed under the supervision of district N.M.P.’s and trained native nurses, and they daily inspect the children for cleanliness and minor ailments. 10 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

iOTEv CREAM Write for a Colour Card . . .

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Also Excellent as an Undercoat for lacquers, paints and enamels. 1 I /- per gallon

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Alexandria, N.S.W.

TROPICALITIES LAST steamer-call, we managed to salvage three or four pounds of fresh butter, a luxury when no ice-chest exists ashore. However, by the time it reached the house, after a long trip ashore, its pristine icy firmness had given way to a somewhat oily flow. The lady of the house, therefore, without speaking over-carefully, told a native helper to put it in some cold water.

An attempted reconstruction of his mental processes leads me to suppose that he thought the missus had said that it had been in the water; its liquid appearance would naturally suggest that. However that may be, the sequel was both simple and rather devastating.

There was Jimmy, standing guard over a dreadful oily mass, lying in the strong tropical sun; and before the missus could say a word, with pride he looked up and declared, “I think ’e dry now, missus”. No answer!—P. * * * IT is provided in new ' Fijian legislation relating to mining that rewards may be made to the original discoverers of precious metals or precious stones.

It is likely that this will permit of recognition being made to the discoverers of the Tavua goldfield in Northern Fiji—namely, Mr. William Borthwick and Mr. Pat. Costello. * ♦ • THE appointment of General Tom Griffiths as head of the committee to select a new site for New Guinea’s administrative centre has given much satisfaction in New Guinea, where he is held in high regard. General Griffiths knows New Guinea well —he was there as military Governor, until 1921, and he was administrator between 1932 and 1934, when he retired—and probably there is no man better qualified to weigh up all the varying advantages and disadvantages of the different localities suggested. He will not be influenced by any petty or selfish consideration—the character of this man gives the New Guinea people an assurance that the selection will be made conscientiously and properly.

Mr. Thomas, the second member of the committee, also knows New Guinea thoroughly especially from the planters’ angle, for he was, for years, in charge of expropriated properties—and he should be of great assistance to General Griffiths. ♦ ♦ ♦ A WRITER on Samoan affairs, in a New Zealand newspaper, offers a new and interesting solution of the Samoan Problem:— “The history of Samoa clearly reveals the fact that the Samoans have always been troublesome. There was warfare among them long before the advent of Europeans. There was trouble with them during the international occupation of the islands. There was serious trouble between them and the Germans during German occupation. There has been trouble between them and every New Zealand Government since we occupied the place in 1914. They are troublesome now and they will continue to be troublesome in the future, and there is, at least, one main reason for it. The Samoans have never had a sound thrashing from any of the powers concerned with them, consequently they have got it into their heads that they are invincible.” * * * THE time was the morning after a particularly “bright” New Year’s'party; the place, Suva.

Male voice on telephone: “Hello”.

Answering voice: “Hello”.

Male voice: “How are you this morning?”

Answering voice: “All right, thank you”.

Male voice: “Sorry, wrong number!” « * * 'T'HE following letter, by Mr. E. H. Hum- A phreys, was published in the Brisbane “Courier Mail,” in January:— “I have read with interest from time to time of the soul-stirring anxiety of the Commonwealth Government for its officials at Rabaul.

“Since the earthquake, and particularly since the report of the expert was received, we have repeatedly been told that the seat of government must be moved. Apparently the remainder of the population may go hang. They have very definitely been told that they can expect no help.

They can move, at their own expense, or stay and be blown up or ruined by loss of business.

“The idea that a government should be expected to go to the expense of saving its mere colonist citizens from ruin or destruction appears to be quite outside the mental capacity of Canberra.

No expense, however, will be spared in looking after the safety of its officials.

“Probably this is so typical that no one has thought to comment on it yet.”

The letter is unnecessarily and unreasonably bitter. The government must accept the report of the experts it appointed to advise them, and remove the administrative personnel from the danger-zone.

The officials will go because they are told to do so, and the removal will be made at the Government’s cost. The rest of the community, which followed the Administration to Rabaul, in hope of profit in one shape or another, is free to go or stay, in accordance with ordinary budgetary considerations. Nevertheless, it does seem hard that all the people who invested in plantations and businesses in the Rabaul district should be heavily penalised, and perhaps ruined, simply because Vulcan chose to blow up on May 28, 1937. In the circumstances, a Government grant, to aid the transport of the non-official community to the new site, woud find wide support. * * * rIE fact that the Cook Islanders are now increasing in numbers was quoted by the Resident Commissioner (Mr. S. J.

Smith) in an Auckland interview, and he said that “no greater tribute could be paid to New Zealand’s administration of the Cook Islands.” Hyperbole! New Zealand has an excellent record in the Cook Islands, thanks to her luck in finding some capable administrators: but there is nothing extraordinary in the census position. Practically every branch of the Polynesian race—Samoan. Maori, Tongan, Tahiti —as well as Cook Islanders, having rallied after the first disastrous impact of European “civilisation”, is now increasing steadily in numbers.

The honour of being elected the first ‘honorary members of the Anthropoogical Society of New South Wales has been accorded Mr. F. E. Williams, Government Anthropologist, Port Moresby, and Mr. Leo Austin, resident magistrate at Daru, in the western division of Papua.

Mr. A. S. Farebrother, of Suva, Fiji, recently presented a window, “The Dove of Peace” to St. Matthew’s Church, Manly, New South Wales, in memory of his mother. It was dedicated by the Archbishop of Sydney (Dr. Mowll) on February 20.

Miss Mavis Father, of Gona, Papua, who has been in Australia spending furlough at Baan Baa, N.S.W., with her parents, returned to the Territory by the last “Macdhui”. She is a worker for the Australian Board of Missions. 11 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 3.

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About Islands People

Mr. F. L. S. Bell, M.A., who, some years ago, carried out research work in New Guinea, has succeeded Mr. Eric Ramsden as president of the Anthropological Society of New South Wales.

Mr. Ramsden, who is engaged on another book, did not see re-election.

Avenai Salabiau, a Fijian Catechist, together with his wife and three children, sailed from Sydney by the “Macdhui” on February 2 for Papua, where he will carry on mission work for the Methodist Mission.

Hon. G. H. Murray, M.L.C., Director of Agriculture in New Guinea, left Sydney for Rabaul on February 12 after spending vacation in Australia. He was accompanied by Mrs. Murray.

Rev. and Mrs. H. Johnstone, of the Methodist Mission, Ba, Fiji, received many congratulations recently on the birth of a son, Peter.

Mrs. Fritz Schober, of Nukualofa, Tonga, who has spent the past year in Sydney, will return to the Friendly Islands by cargo steamer in March.

Her son, Bernhard, will remain at school in Sydney.

Mr. Jack Marshall, author of “Black Musketeers’’ and other books, will address members of the Pacific Islands Club at the Hotel Carlton, Sydney, on march 2. Mr. Marshall, who has just returned from Oxford University, has carried out ornithological work at various times in the New Hebrides and New Guinea.

Mr. R. W. Robson, F.R.G.S., Editor of the “Pacific Islands Monthly”, sailed from Sydney for Auckland by the “Awatea” on January 29 to spend a month’s vacation in New Zealand.

Miss Phoebe Mills, of Queensland, is at present undergoing training at the George Brown Institution, Sydney, prior to taking up an appointment as teacher at the Methodist Mission’s Ballantine Memorial School, Fiji.

Dr. Margaret Mead (now Mrs. Gregory Bateson), who is well-known in t~e Pacific for her studies of adolescent girls in Samoa and in New Guinea, is now on the island of Bali, Dutch East Indies, with her husband, and will probably visit Sydney later in the year. Dr.

Mead is attached to the American Museum of Natural History, New York, and is a noted American anthropologist.

Nurse Talbot, of Christchurch, N.Z., passed through Sydney early in February, en route to Malaita, 8.5.1., where she will shortly take up duties at the Melanesian Mission’s Hospital.

Dr. A. J. Borg, of the Fiji Government Medical Service, returned from leave by the “Aorangi” late in January.

Sister Veronica, of the Melanesian Mission, left Sydney for Bunana, 8.5.1., by the “Malaita” on February 5. She has been a member of the Community of the Cross since 1930, Sister Veronica spent her furlough in New Zealand.

Mr. L. A. Lawlor, of Suva, arrived in Sydney from Fiji by the “Monterey” on January 24.

Mr. A. L. Lewis, airport manager in Auckland, New Zealand, for Pan- American Airways, has been recalled to headquarters at Alameda, California.

The transfer is understood to be a temporary one and, although another officer will be sent from U.S.A. to replace him, it is expected that Mr. Lewis will later return to N.Z. as manager. 12 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 19S8.

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At Blue Mountains—Springwood, N.S.W.

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M. E. DURAND, Principal.

Mr. R. L. Clark, unofficial member of the Legislative Council of New Guinea, left? for Rabaul by the “Nankin” on February 12.

Rev. R. C. G. Page, of the Methodist Mission, returned to Nukualofa, Tonga, by the February “Matua”, after furlough in New Zealand.

Mrs. W. B. Mackay, who has made her home in Fiji for the past seven years, arrived in Sydney from Suva by the “Niagara” on February 12 to spend a long holiday with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. F.

E, Basingthwaigte, of Cootamundra, N.S.W.

Mr. Hakon Mielche, Danish artist with the “Monsunen” Expedition (wrecked in the Solomon Islands in 1934), has been in war-torn Spain, acting as correspondent for Copenhagen newspapers. In January, he went to the United States — probably en route to China. He sends greetings to Islands friends, and this charming Christmas study of one of his two children.

Mr. and Mrs. R. H. Ede, of Eastern Papua, arrived in Sydney with their family by th,e January “Macdhui”. Mr. Ede is a well-known planter at Glau, Woodlark Island.

Yen. Archdeacon H. Mayo Harris, of Suva, who has been on a visit to England, returned td Fiji by the “Aorangi” on January 28.

Mr. George William Newland, of Ouaneco, Cape Goulvain, New Caledonia, died on January 21, at the age of 85.

Mr. Frederick Smith, son of th,e late Captain J. Smith, and Miss Zillah Whitcombe, youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

F. S. Whitcombe, were married at Levuka, Fiji, on January 15 by Rev. D. Boorman, of the Methodist Mission.

Mr. J. Trivett, of Lautoka, Fiji, who is a chemist? in the employ of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd., arrived in Sydney from Suva by the “Niagara” ® February 12. He was accompanied Mr. G. A. Flack, who is associated with the Norfolk Island passion-fruit canning industry, departed from Sydney for NX by the “Morinda” on February 3.

Mr. J. E. Salzmann, who has just joined the staff of the New Guinea Mislor February 25 P Montoro 0,1 Mr. A. Bonamy, accountant at Lautoka for the C.S.R. Co. Ltd., arrived in Sydney with Mrs. Bonamy by the February “Niagara”.

Papuan Bishop Attends

MISSION CONGRESS.

A PARTY of missionaries led by the A Vicar Apostolic of Papuasia (Bishop A. M. Guynot de Boismenu) ® rn X ed , ln i S J, d , ne L f -° in. “ ore s b ? by the last Macdhui . They attended the Eucharistic Mission Congress at Newcastle (N.S.W.) on February 16.

The delegation comprised Rev. Fathers Gabriel Moyon and Francis Lyons and Brother C. Hilaire (Papua), and Rev. atb « rs V ,ocat and M Claret and Brother Engelhart (Gilbert and Ellice Islands)—all members of the Order of the Sacred Heart of Jesus.

About Islands People

NORFOLK

Island’S Trade

Imports.

Prom Prom Australia. Pacific Is.

December, 1936 .. .. £4,114 .. £7 December, 1937 .. .. £3,953 .. — Exports.

To TO Australia. Pacific Is.

December, 1936 .. .. £284 .. £63 December, 1937 .. .. £400 .. £11 Smartly-Styled These powder compacts are examples of the latest importations from London and Paris, taken from our new Catalogue.

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Principal MISS D. E. CULPIN. B.A. »>*• Aerial View of Grounds and Buildings.

Provision is made for the accommodation of boarders from distant parts vacations. Fees are chargeable from date of entry only.

GROUP OF WELL-KNOWN PEOPLE AT WAU.

Rare Fish Poisons C.I.

Girl.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, Jan. 9.

IT must be a million to one chance of being stung to death by the poisonous fish “Nou”. Pretty Vaine Taero, aged 15, died on the sth from such a cause.

The “Nou” buries itself in the sands of the lagoon: if one steps on it, sharp spikes penetrate the foot and inject poison which causes the victim intense agony.

It is fortunate that the “Nou” is a rare fish, and is so seldom seen.

EDITORIAL NOTE: The Cook Islands “Nou” fish is the same as the “Nohu’’ in Tahiti. The latter is a squat, ugly, mottled creature, with a large, upturned mouth, and the faculty of changing colour like a chameleon so as to harmonise itself with the surroundings. It is armed with a row of graduated spikes along the dorsal fin, each of which is connected with a poison sac. Sluggish in its habits, it will not move from its resting place in the sandy bottom of a lagoon until trodden on b$ the foot of an unwary bather or disturbed by some other cause. The poison is rapid in its action, and the puncture is quickly followed by agonising pain, accompanied by inflammation and a high fever. Natives have their own remedies for “Nohu” wounds but the best way to treat the wound is exactly in the same manner as one would deal with a snakebite.

Mr. R. J. Woodbridge, Collector of Customs at Vavau, Tonga, left Auckland, by the “Matua” on February 1, after furlough in New Zealand.

THIS photograph has particular interest because it includes the only available picture of Mr.

James Stewart, well-known as a business man and miner in Wau, New Guinea, who was killed in a motor accident in November. Left to right: Mr. Prank Fraser, late Mr. James Stewart, Mrs. J.

Spence, Mr. Orme Denny (famous aeroplane pilot) and Mrs. McKenzie. 14 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 102 R.

a I m & w M.S. 20. This Floral Mariette Gown has been cleverly designed for the not-soslim figure. The bodice and sleeves have dainty inlets of self-latticing.

A posy to tone finishes th,e neckline. Large assortment of floral designs on Light, Medium and Dark grounds. State tonings required.

M.S. 21. Afternoon Gown for the stylish matron, is made in good quality Mariette. The bodice and sleeves are heavily trimmed with shirring and ro u 1 eaux loops, which give a s m a, r t finish.

Shades are Black, Navy, Brown, Light and Dark Beige, Light and Dark Saxe, Dusky Pink, Summer Green & White.

M.S. 22. Cleverly designed Matron’s Afternoon Gown, showing in heavy quality Mariette.

The intertwining rouleaux of the crossover bodice give a stylish finish. Sleeves have inlets of intertwining rouleaux also. Shades are: Navy, Light and Dark Beige, Dusky Pink, White, Black, Brown, Light and Dark Saxe, and Summer Green.

Price 26/6 Price 27/6 M.S. 23. —We particularly recommend this flattering style for the smart matron.

Fashioned in good quality Mariette.

The shirred bodice has an inlet of plain mariette which shows the rouleaux loops to advantage. Shades available are floral designs on Light, Medium and Dark grounds. State tonings desired.

Price 27/6 trice 26/11 FROCKS made to MEASURE at the prices advertised When ordering give Bust, Hips, and Waist measurements (tight measurements) also length shoulder to hem and inside sleeve. Write for Illustrated Book of Styles showing day and evening gowns, with easy self-measurement form. We send goods per V.P.P. or for Cash with Order only and we pay half freight J. BRIGGS & SONS pty. ltd.

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New Offices

For Fiji Government Departments.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 9.

GOOD progress is being made with the erection of new Government buildings in Suva. Although the work has been in progress only a year, the job is already becoming a landmark in Suva, and is growing apace. Situated alongside Albert Park, the buildings will make a handsome addition to the town, replacing an unsightly slum.

The main entrance portico, is facing Albert Park, and this is almost completed. Above this will rise a tower, carrying a clock. The ground floor will be entirely given over to garages, record rooms, and strong rooms, save one room specially arranged for lighting, for the use of the draughting staff of the Lands Dept. The front portico opens on to the first floor, into an octagonal entrance hall, beneath the tower. At the rear of this is situated the Legislative Council Chamber. To the right, are the offices of the Lands and Survey Dept., and the Indian Affairs Dept., while to the left is the Treasury office.

On the second floor, the Colonial Secretary’s offices are to the right of the lift, and on the left are the Public Works Dept., Medical Dept., and Native Affairs Dept. Other departments are to the rear of the building. A wing facing Victoria Parade will be known as the legal block. Here will be the Supreme Court, Police Court, and offices of the various officials of the Judicial and Legal Dept., Law Library, etc.

A feature of the buildings, which are of concrete construction, is their coolness, a big factor in a tropical climate.

Ornamental friezes for decorative work are being manufactured on the site, as were all the concrete piles used in the foundations.

It is anticipated that the job will be completed by June, 1939. There were delays in the early stages, awaiting arrival of machinery; however, it is all on the site now and working at high pressure. The architect in charge (Mr.

W. F. Hedges) has expressed himself as very satisfied with the progress.

Awarded Coveted King'S

POLICE MEDAL.

From Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, Feb. 5.

FOR having served over 20 years in the N.G. Native Constabulary, Sergeant-Major Naduba, of Kavieng, was awarded the coveted King’s Police Medal in the New Year’s Honours. Only 30 of these awards are made each year to police officers and men throughout the whole of the Empire.

This is the second decoration won by Naduba. When he was a corporal he received the New Guinea Police Valour Badge for conspicuous bravery in capturing single-handed a convict murderer who was armed with a knife.

Mrs. Beatrix King, at one time of Apia, Samoa, who has been the guest of Dr. Peter and Mrs. Buck, at Honolulu, Hawaii, returned to Sydney by the February “Mariposa”. 15 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

WANTED Regular supplies of Used Pacific Island stamps. All Coronations, Jubilees, Airmails and ordinary issues wanted. Best prices paid. Submit stamps or details to; W. HORNADGE, Catherine Hill Bay, N.S.W., Australia.

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"Talkies" For Makogai

LEPER STATION.

From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 7.

AS the result of a public appeal sponsored by the Rotary Club of Suva, the Makogai Leper station will soon be equipped with an up-to-date “talkie” plant. The appeal met with a ready response—£l,o4l being received.

Of this, Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa contributed £726, while the N.Z. Rotary Clubs gave £315.

The American 20th Century-Fox Film Corporation will donate a regular supply of film programmes for Makogai, while the Union Steam Ship Co. will carry films for the leper station free of charge from Australia or New Zealand.

Recently Mr. W. J. Hutchinson, Foreign Manager for 20th Century-Fox Films, passed through Fiji, and in U.S.A. he interested Mr. Alfred P.

Sloan, jr., Chairman of the Board of General Motors Corporation, in the leper settlement. The result has been that Mr. Sloan and General Motors have jointly given a Chevrolet seven passenger station wagon for the use of the nursing sisters on Makogai.

STRANGE FREAK OF NATURE.

THE seven coconut trees shown in this photograph are growing in front of the Government Offices at Avarua, Rarotonga, Cook Islands. They are said to have grown from a single coconut with seven sprouts, found on one of the outlying islands of the Cook Group and sent as a present to the Administrator at Rarotonga.

Having seen many thousands of coconuts, none of which produced more than one sprout, I could not believe that seven trees could grow from one coconut. However, on discussing the matter with the late Dr. Gerrit P. Wilder, of the botanical staff of the Bishop Museum (Honolulu) who had seen the seven trees at Avarua and examined them, he said that he was prepared to accept the statement that they had grown from one nut, as he had seen one coconut with four sprouts and several with two or three sprouts.

J. D. McCOMISH.

Inland New Guinea—"The

Promised Land."

“rpHE promised land” was the description X of the vast, fertile plateaux in Central New Guinea given to members of the Legacy Club, Melbourne, by Mr. E. W. P.

Chinnery, Government Anthropologist in the Mandated Territory, in an address on February 1.

These huge plateaux, at more than 5.000 ft. above sea level, were inhabited by a very high type of native who cultivated the land and raised stock, he said. The country was dotted with beautifully laidout gardens, which were remarkable because the natives had never been in contact with civilisation.

The discovery of this land, which promised to be one of the great centres for tropical economics, had created a problem for Australia, because it was her duty to develop it, Mr. Chinnery added.

Official quotation has been granted by the Melbourne Stock Exchange to 80,000 ordinary shares of 20/-, fully paid, and 80.000 7 per cent, cumulative participating preference shares of 20/-, fully paid, in Guinea Airways Ltd. 16 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

W. FINAU International Stamp & Photo Service, BOX 40. NUKUALOFA, TONGA IS., OCEANIA. u fa Photos of native life and scenes In Tonga: 5/-.

Tin-Can Mail cover franked with eight pretty Niuafoou mint: 4/6; same with 3 varieties: 1/6.

Registered, postmarked and despatched at Niuafoau (Tin-Can Island).

Tongan mint of 15 all different: 16/6 postpaid. 1/ Kodak IN FOUR

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Of All Kodak Dealers throughout the Islands and KODAK (Australasia) Pty. Ltd. 379 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY. t I I First copies are just coming from the Press! Covers all the newest Kodaks, Brownies and Miniature Kodaks De Luxe. Readers of the “P.LM.” should apply at once for th,eir free copy, thus assuring reservation. Edition is limited.

Tahiti Schooner

WRECKED.

In Treacherous Tuamotus Pass.

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Jan. 8.

THE Government schooner “Mouette” was wrecked at Amanu, one of the islands of the Tuamotu Archipelago in December.

The passage into the lagoon at Amanu is narrow and dangerous. For nine hours each day a strong current rushes through it as the high tide of the open sea rises above the level of the lagoon. At low tide this current is reversed as the piled up waters in the lagoon drain into the surrounding ocean.

The “Mouette”, carrying the Administrator of the Tuamotus (Monsieur Senac) and Doctor Massal on a tour of inspection, entered the pass at the time the outflowing current was at its maximum. Her engine is said to have failed at the moment of the schooner’s arrival at the most perilous point in the pass, and the current, laying hold of her, cast her broadside on the edge of the reef. The “Mouette” immediately sent out an S.O.S. call which was picked up by the Marquesas Islands radio station and thence relayed to Papeete.

The schooner “Denys” (Captain Alexander Mervin) had left Amanu the night before and was at Hao, nine miles away, when the broadcast from Papeete announcing the mishap to the “Mouette” was heard. Captain Mervin immediately sailed to Amanu, arriving there late at night. Entering the pass, he could see no sign of the “Mouette”, and it was not until he arrived at the settlement that he found out what had happened.

It appears that at the turn of the tide the inrushing current had lifted the “Mouette” from the reef and carried her into the lagoon. Her hull had been badly damaged and, as she floated, she filled rapidly and sank in the calm waters within the reef—3o metres below the surface. The ship’s company were rescued and cared for by the natives.

Captain Mervin offered to carry them to Papeete. Meanwhile, word came that the authorities at Tahiti had despatched the schooner “Tamara” and, as there was no radio-transmitting apparatus at Amanu to notify Papeete that the “Denys” was there, the “Mouette” passengers felt obliged to await the coming of the “Tamara”.

Amanu is a large atoll shaped like a vast bow. It is, without doubt, the “Sagittaria” of the Spaniard Quiros, who passed through the Tuamotu Archipelago in 1606. Quiros’ description of his landing on an island he named “Sagittaria” once led historians to believe that his actual landing place was the isthmus of Taravao on Tahiti; but that has since been disproved. The form of Amanu would suggest to a discoverer the name “Sagittaria” and probably Quiros was so influenced. 3,000 Books for Islands.

ABOUT 3,000 books, comprising novels and general literature, are to be circulated through Australia’s Islands territories as a result of a grant of £625 a year for three years made by the American Carnegie Foundation. The books were being packed in Canberra in February, under the supervision of the Commonwealth Librarian (Mr. Binns) and will be shipped at the end of the month.

Tonga Saw P.A.A.'S

"Samoa Clipper."

From Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Jan. 7.

PAN-AMERICAN Airways “Samoa Clipper”, on her second survey trip from Pago Pago to N.Z., was sighted at Tongatabu on both her outward and return trips.

On the return, she flew right across Nukualofa. On account of losing touch with Pago Pago radio station, she contacted with the station here, which kept on tapping her from 11 a.m. till 1 p.m., when she again got into touch with American Samoa. As the day was calm and clear, the “Clipper” presented a beautiful sight as she floated majestically above our town. 17 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 19 38.

Where Good Dressers Foregather When next in Brisbane you must call at the store that is recognised as the rendezvous of the well-dressed man. Let Pikes assist you in the choice of attire that bears the hallmark of style and correctness.

Pike Brothers

Limited.

In Queen St., Brisbane.

Also at Flinders St., Townsville.

ATTRACTIVE

For The Tropics

®ILRATH’S St. George Roast Veal, 14 oz. ..

I.X.L. Strawberries in Syrup, 16 oz, Pullar’s Prunes in Syrup, 16 oz.

Rosa Custard Powder, 16 oz 1/4 tin 1/1 tin 7d tin 1/3 tin

Price Lists

Post &jree cm Application Ovaltine, 18 oz, (large) 4/4 tin Selmore Fruit Saline, 16 oz. ... 1/3 tin Mynor Fruit Cup Cordial, 26 oz. 1/9 bot Mercury Apple Cider, 24 oz 1/6 bot Mcl. Spec. Vintage Sweet Sherry, 26 oz 2/- bot Mcl. Spec. Vintage Hock or Chablis, 26 oz 2/6 bot Rosa Aspirin Tablets, 100 s. grn. 5 1/- bot Tek Tooth, Brushes, Med. or Hard 1/6 ea.

Ply bane Liquid Insecticide, 16 oz. 1/1 bot Dandy Maize Starch, 14 oz. .. 7£d pkt 15/3 doz. 12/6 doz. 6/6 doz. 14/6 doz. 49/- doz. 14/6 doz. 20/- doz. 17/6 doz. 29/6 doz. 11/6 doz. 17/- doz. 12/6 doz. 7/3 doz.

PTY.L™ •••-EX PORT department • • • 202 PITT STREET, SYDNEY MEW SOUTH WALES . AUSTRALIA.

Mr. T. L. Me Adam, District Officer at Kokopo, New Britain, returned to the Mandated Territory by the February “Macdhui” after furlough in Sydney.

ROSSEL ISLAND FINANCIERS.

Primitive Bill-Brokers of Complicated Monetary System in Papua.

BY MOLLIE LETT.

IN far-away Rossel Island, the most remote and eastern of the Louisiade Group, South-Eastern Papua, where the mountain-tops are forever shrouded in clouds and misty rain, and the legends of the gloomy inhabitants point to some mysterious and long past invasion, a curious currency exists, consisting of shell money, of two kinds, known as the nDap and the nKo. They are used as real coins, and for no other purpose.

The inhabitants assert that these coins were made in the dim past, by their supreme deity, Wanajo, a snake god, who created their island from the coral beds and reefs, and who still lives as a snake on the heights of Mt. Rossel, a thickly wooded mountain some 3,000 feet in height, known to the natives as Ngwo.

The shell discs, or coins, are worn down, indicating great age, and the shell from which they are made does not now exist on the island. Any additions that have been made to their number from time to time are looked upon as imitations, and therefore have little value.

The nDap coins, of which there are 22 values, each with separate names, are made from a species of Spondylus shell, ground down and polished, and perforated in one corner. Their value is regulated according to colour, which ranges from creamy yellow to orange and red. Each value is related to the other by the rate of interest and the length of time for which a loan is made, and not, as with other money, as simple multiples of the lowest value.

There are 16 values of nKo, and each consists of a set of 10 discs, roughly shaped and perforated, and strung together. They apparently were made long ago from a giant clam. The values of these sets are regulated by the size of the discs, and, as with the nDap, are related to one another by the conditions of loans.

The system has many complications, every article of commerce and every portion of labour having a set price regulated by custom. As the number of coins is limited, it is often necessary for a native requiring a particular coin to be forced to borrow, even though he possesses others of a higher value. There is a constant demand for particular coins to meet various situations and, in consequence, many of the more wealthy natives devote themselves to the business of financing obligations, at a profit.

These are professional financiers and bill-brokers, known as Ndeb, who, by borrowing at a lower rate and discounting at a higher, acquire substantial wealth.

Many have been known to become chiefs by their accumulated possessions. These men often resort to magic in order to confuse the issue while transacting negotiations, thus acting on the minds of their clients to their own advantage.

Chiefs and the ruling class alone handle the highest coins of both nDap and nKo, though a commoner must repay his debts to chiefs in these values. These he must borrow, and only with security, so it can be seen that a wily and acquisitive chief can do much, with his capital.

A great deal of ceremony, feasting and dancing is connected with transactions involving the payments of the highest values of nDap, from No. 18 to 22, the first bride price being No. 18, Tyomundi. Before European occupation and, later, until the practice was condemned, both No. 21 and 22, Pwojuma and Kwojuma, were payments made to murderers for victims or sacrifices for the mortuary feasts, held on the death of chiefs. Some chiefs were known to have had three and even four victims at their burial, mostly young boys or girls, or men without influence.

These were killed and eaten at the “sitting down places”, known as Jabbega, made of flat stones in more or less circular formation, still to be seen on the island.

It can be realised that many natives have at times involved themselves in financial difficulties, as the amount of interest depended on the anticipated time of a loan. Some, compelled to borrow and borrow again, in higher and yet higher 18 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Insist on genuine SCOTT’S EMULSION « M £ r Here’s Too’ }> m ee m

Topics In The Tropics

Topic No. I : The important topic in the tropics, is thirst.

Topic No. 2 : And even more important, is how to quench that thirst.

The ANSWER is of course, TOOHEYS CLUB LAGER. Delightfully light, sparkling, and refreshing.

TOOHEYS C£ol£ LAGER

Won Its Favor On Its Flavor

values, in an endeavour to clear their debt, have been faced at last by the necessity of approaching a chief for a high coin, which he could obtain only by offering security, such as a ceremonial axe. This again could only be acquired by service and various obligations.

The origin of these coins, and of the system connected with them, is lost in the mists of time.

There are many features in the Rossel Island customs which are said to suggest Polynesian influence, and many natives on the island believe that they originally came from an island far away to the east. It is evident that at some remote period Rossel was visited by superior people who introduced, among other customs, this monetary system and very likely the coins, or those which the present ones resemble.

Mr. D. G. Irvine, manager of Giligili Plantation, Milne Bay, Eastern Papua, arrived in Australia at the end of January on furlough. He was accompanied by Mrs. Irvine.

Tongan Trader'S Death

IN FIJI.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 5.

A PIONEER trader of Haapai, Tonga, Mr. Gerald Batty, died in Suva Colonial War Memorial Hospital on January 24. He was on his way to Auckland, New Zealand, on board the “Matua” when he took ill a few days before the vessel reached here on her last trip. Taken to hospital, he lapsed into unconsciousness and died five days later.

An Englishman, he had been in Tonga for many years as partner in the trading firm of Batty and Wall. The partnership was well-known in Central Pacific until it was dissolved several years ago.

Mr. Batty was over 60 years of age.

Though there are few folk left in Suva who knew Mr. Batty, his funeral, presided over by the Bishop of Polynesia (Rt. Rev. Kempthorne) was attended by a number of business men, including Mr. W. E. Hancock and Mr.

Parry (Union S.S. Co.), Mr. J. Trotter (Burns Philp S.S. Co.), and Mr. Malcolm Brodie (Pacific Biscuits, Ltd.).

Jabbega, or a “sitting down" place, on Rossel Islandscene of the old-time mortuary feasts.

It was made of flat stones in circular formation. 19 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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Obtainable throughout the Pacific Islands from the Branches of; BURNS PHILP & CO., LTD., and BURNS PHILP (SOUTH SEAS) CO.. LTD.

Spare Parts and Lamps also obtainable from— W. KOPSEN & CO. LTD CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY.

If any difficulty, please write direct to: THE TILLEY LAMP CO. (Dept. P.M.) HENDON, LONDON, N.W.4 Threat of Whale Oil Depresses Copra Market.

THE copra market, in spite, of reported active buying by Germany, has continued to be depressed during the month. The London quotations in early February, showing that the price had dropped below £l2 per ton, were greeted pessimistically in the South Seas where planters were beginning to delude themselves that the era of calamitous copra prices had gone for good.

The only worth-while explanation that observers give is that the market is sluggish under the threat of a flood of whale oil from the European, American and Japanese fleets now operating in the Antarctic. The experts offer no ray of h,ope for an immediate recovery of the market, and it is almost axiomatic that Pacific Islands copra-producers should prepare themselves for a further period of lean prices.

LONDON REPORT.

In their January bulletin, Messrs. H.

M. P. Faure and Co., London, report:— “In oils and oilseeds, there has been a good deal of activity. Soya-bean oil, which after pressure from the East declined to £l7/5/, recovered 15/- to £1 per ton on active buying. At this point the East was again exerting pressure and. at time of writing, prices are again slowly giving way. A good business has been reported in soya-beans to Germany.

Substantial quantities of groundnuts have also been sold to consumption, whilst cotton seed has enjoyed a good, steady demand. Although linseed oil advanced over £1 per ton in sympathy with linseed and the firm Argentine markets, consumers are viewing the advance with suspicion and are adopting a policy of reserve.

“The cotton oil consumption in the U.S.A. during December was somewhat disappointing at 358,328 barrels, compared with 435,386 barrels in November, and 338,861 barrels in December, 1936.

“Stocks of lard on December 31 were 25,538 short tons compared with 16,987 short tons on November 30, and 72,761 short tons a year ago.

“Whale oil will require close attention during the next few months as at this time of the year it has an important bearing on the entire oil and oilseed markets. As is known, there are 31 floating factories operating this season with 257 catchers, against 30 and 195 respectively, last season. Four Japanese expeditions were despatched to the fishinggrounds as early as the end of September. It is too early as yet to form any opinion as to the progress which is being made, but the few catch reports to hand so far seem to indicate satisfactory results”.

A ROYAL PARTY.

PAPEETE, Jan. 10.

A RECENT notable social event was the delightful housewarming party given by Princess Pomateao at her recently completed residence at Tua’a in the dis : trict of Fa’aa, Tahiti, on December 25. His Excellency, the Governor and Madame De Gery were guests of honour.

The Tahitian dancing and singing, performed by natives engaged for the occasion, were particularly interesting to the large assembly of guests. Present were members of the Royal Family, many officials of the Administration and their ladies, and representatives of the leading Tahitian and European families.

In The "Early Days"

PACIFIC CABLE REPAIRED.

DURING January the Melbourne vessel “Mernoo” was chartered by the Pacific Cable Board to repair a fault in the branch submarine cable between Norfolk Island and Fiji. In charge of the work was Mr. P, F. Bundle, who has had many years of experience on the cable steamer “Recorder”, now working at Singapore. The fault in the cable was located about three miles out of Buncombe Bay (in the North- West corner of N. 1.) and was -soon mended.

Miss P. Rowe, 8.A., of St. Mary’s School, Labasa, arrived in Sydney from Fiji in January on furlough.

Old-timers on the Morobe goldfield will recognise many of these New Guinea miners; they comprised the congregation of the first church service at Edie Creek, 1930, held by Padre F.

Bishop. The congregation sat upon the log in the foreground for the service. 20 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

“It’s time I went up”

It’s an “ Indestructible Lever.’

For the Tropics this is the only watch.

The case is entirely of stainless steel. It is sealed so completely that no damp can gain access to its fine mechanism.

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The movement of the “Indestructible” watch is a Jewelled, Swiss lever of proven accuracy. It is soundly constructed.

Every part is cushioned so that a knock or two won’t damage it. Angus & Coote warrant the “Indestructible Lever” to wear 25 years, and give any necessary care during the first year without charge.

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A Tribute To Integrity

Angus & Coote are Custodians of Timing Appliances to the British Empire Games of 1938.

Angus & Coote

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He’s on the bed of the ocean.

That won’t hurt his watch. 95/

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Telephone: FL 2641 from tonga to B.S.I From Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Feb. 7.

THE Chief Justice of Tonga, Mr. Ragnar Hyne, is to be transferred in March to the British Solomon Islands, where he will occupy the post of Judicial Commissioner, Mr. Hyne was born in Norway, and first came to Tonga from Queensland in 1920 when he was appointed Director of Education. He occupied that post until 1930, when he was seconded by the British Government to be Chief Police Magistrate in the Solomons. On his return to Nukualofa in 1932, he was appointed Secretary to the Premier and Chief Police Magistrate, in addition to being Director of Education.

In 1936 he relinquished the post of Director of Education and was appointed Chief Justice and Judge of the Tongan Land Court, in addition to his other posts. Excepting that of the Chief Justice (for which he received £750 per annum) the other posts were honorary ones.

With Mr. Hyne’s transfer these posts will now be separated and new men will have to be found to fill the individual offices. This move is welcomed by some who contend that one man holding two or more posts in an administration is not conducive to smooth and efficient government.

Aid for N.I. Passion Fruit Industry.

From a Special Correspondent.

NORFOLK IS., Feb. 2.

TO a specially convened meeting of passion fruitgrowers in January, the Administrator (Sir Charles Rosenthal) said the Federal Government had offered to assist financially in the pulping of passion fruit to the extent of £6,000. It is anticipated that 220 tons of pulp will be made by the factory. Growers are to receive Id. per lb. on delivery of fruit and the balance, up to 2d. per lb., when the pulp is sold.

MacFarlane’s Place Memories of on Idyllic Spot on Moorea.

BY OUR TAHITI CORRESPONDENT.

MacFARLANE’S place was in a setting of mountain and bay of exquisite beauty; so perfect in the blending of the blue of water and the varied shades of forest and plantation, so calm under an ineffable silence, that it appeared the splendor of an enchantment.

It was situated in a little nook behind a palm-clothed point of land, on one of the deep bays that penetrate the heart of Moorea Island, French Oceania.

Moorea—in the days of which we write —was an unspoiled native paradise. There were but four Europeans resident there: the gendarme (the Government representative). an English aristocrat, a French planter, and MacFarlane.

MacFarlane had settled there to plant vanilla. He was an expert, the only expert at that time in Tahiti, in th,e curing of vanilla beans; but the price of vanilla had fallen far below the cost of production and he had turned to receiving paying guests—if the people applying suited his fancy.

He had erected small native-style thatched cottages about the grounds, as sleeping quarters, to which he had given the names of th,e islands of the Leeward Group: Huahine, Raiatea, Tahaa. and Bora Bora. A central pavilion attached to the main house was the lounge and dining room. The grounds were planted with many varieties of hibiscus, oleander, crocus, lilies, and exotic palms.

There were, to be sure, some elements of disharmony to temper the idyllic perfection of this paradise: fierce, hungry mosquitoes that assailed us by day and passed the night in ceaseless endeavours to break through the meshes of our sleeping nets; centipedes that lurked in our shoes; and a colony of red ants, at the pool in the brook where we bathed, which gave us a fiery time if we chanced 21 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

Next gathering, March 2, at Hotel Carlton, Sydney. Speaker: Mr. Jack Marshall, author of “BLACK MUSKETEERS", on the New Hebrides.

Address communications to: The Honorary Secretary.

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB, C/o Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd,, Union House, George St., Sydney.

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to trespass on their chosen highways.

But these were of minor importance compared with th,e absolute escape from the irritations of modern civilisation, and the unearthly beauty of the place.

Associated with our memories of Mac- Farlane’s place are some of our fellow guests: th,e learned Archdeacon who initiated us into the deeper mysteries of Anglican canonical lore; the French doctor from Papeete who gave us an enthusiastic lecture on elephantiasis in th,e presence of an astounded old native lady, who had been sitting on the lawn quietly plaiting a hat and suddenly found her ample calves the Exhibit A and Exhibit B of an excited harangue in a language she could not comprehend; and, above all, Puoro.

Puoro was not a guest from a far-away land; he lived about a kilometre down th,e bay, half way to Papetoai. Years before, when he was young and svelte, he had been the official player of the accordion to King Pomare V., of Tahiti.

Now, he was portly and had not seen his knees since 20 years; but his fingers had not lost their cunning. He knew but one European tune—a Virginia Reel, a favourite in the Old South, of the States before the Civil War; and such was the fire and rhythm when he played, that one could see, in imagination, a laughing damsel in crinoline and her swain tripping across the floor of an old Southern ballroom of some cotton king’s mansion.

He was at his best, however, in the exciting rhythms of Tahitian music. We used to invite him up to MacFarlane’s as our guest. When he was well lined with good food and a little good cheer (very little of the latter because he was a good church member) the sound of his accordion would gather together the natives of the neighbourhood and we would hear native singing and see native dancing at their natural best.

The going and coming between Tahiti and Moorea was, in these days, something of an adventure. The internal combustion engines of that period were petulant and capricious. That on the little schooner voyaging to Moorea would sulk sometimes for hours while the boat tossed and rolled in the swell of the sea; and everyone on board became seasick.

That is why fewer and fewer went to MacParlane’s until finally MacFarlane gave up and went away to the island of Tubuai; and th,e most fascinating, the most idyllic place in the South Seas went back to jungle.

Years afterwards, we met a gentleman who had known MacFarlane before he came to the Islands. His name there was not MacFarlane. The place was the capital city of one of the great Dominions of the British Empire. MacFarlane was one of its most respected citizens, a man of culture, and a member of the Upper Chamber of the Dominion Parliament. One day he packed a bag, put a few pounds sterling in his pocket and disappeared. There was no breath of scandal. His family in their beautiful home were well provided for.

There was no reason whatsoever for his going except a sudden overwhelming disgust for civilisation. He could have returned at any time and resumed his name and his position; but he never did. He lived for 30 years in the Islands and died there—he had found the haven of his dreams.

"MATUA" PASSENGER FINED.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 2.

A THROUGH passenger on the Islands motorship “Matua” was fined £5 in the Suva Police Court on January- -24 for obstructing the Medical Officer (Dr. D. Macpherson) in the execution of his duty.

The traveller, Mr. W. S. Green, had refused to join the line-up for medical inspection. Going to his cabin, he would not return on deck. When a special message was sent telling him that the 'doctor was waiting he declared the latter could stay there until he was ready to come up. Witnesses said Green behaved in a “truculent manner” to both the doctor and the Captain of the “Matua”.

Dr. H. lan Hogbin, Lecturer in Anthropology at th,e Sydney University, who is the author of several books relating to Melanesian and Polynesian cultures, is now engaged on a new work dealing with the island of Malaita in the British Solomons. He is president of the Pacific Islands Club, Sydney.

Mother Athanatius, of the Lady of the Sacred Heart Convent, left Sydney by the “Changte” on January 22 for Thursday Island, where she will be Mother Superior of the Catholic Mission. 22 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

PACIFIC ISLANDS STAMPS.

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THIS photograph was taken on New Year’s Day, and it records a visit made by some residents in Tonga to an old hermit who dwells near them.

The old gentleman (Mr. Douglas) now in his 82nd year, is a citizen of D.S.A., and was a rancher in that country until some 16 years ago, when disastrous floods destroyed his property and stock. Gathering up what was left, he embarked for the South Seas, and landed in Tongatabu. He took up a few acres in Kologa, and lives simply by the work of his own hands. He is a vegetarian, non-smoker and nondrinker. Crippled by some affection of the hips, he is unable to walk without the aid of his staff; but this, and the disabilities of age, do not prevent him from taking a modest and cheerful view of life, and carrying on with a determination that would be a credit to a much younger man.

The photo, (by August Hettig) shows, left to right; Monsieur Jules Speck, Mr. J. H. Young, Mr. Douglas, Herr Karl Johansson.

To Investigate Papuan Oilfield.

MR. LAUNCELOT OWEN, a noted English geological expert, left Sydney by the “Macdhui” on February 2 for Papua to make a complete investigation of the area in which Papuan Apinaipi Petroleum Co. Ltd. is seeking an oilfield.

The Pacific Islands are not unknown to Mr. Owen—he spent the period between 1911 and 1914 on work connected with the phosphate deposits on Ocean Island and Nauru.

During the war he served as an officer in the Tunnelling Corps and was awarded the M.C. Since then he has carried out geological and general oilfield development in a number of countries, having been eight years in Colombia and three years in Venezeula. Geological surveying for oil has claimed his attention in recent years, and he has made several trips to the Near and Middle East.

Mrs. C. G. Rutledge, wife of the manager of Cuthbert’s Misima Gold Mine, Misima Island, returned to Papua by the “Macdhui” early in February. 23 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB.

MEMBERS of the Pacific Islands Club held a successful gathering at the Hotel Carlton, Sydney, on February 2, wh,en Hon, George H. Murray, M.L.C., Director of Agriculture in New Guinea, was the guest of honour. Including a number of Islands visitors, there was an attendance of over 80.

Lecturing on “Agriculture, European and Native, in the Mandated Territory”, Mr. Murray dealt with the cultivation of copra, cocoa, coffee, rubber, palm oil, kapok, cinchona, cotton, and sisal hemp. Hon. Ata, of Nukualofa, spoke briefly on “The System of Land Tenure in Tonga”.

The function was rounded off with a musical programme, which included a particularly spirited performance of Maori songs and dances by Chief Noho Toki.

Miss Beatrice Grimshaw, the wellknown South Seas novelist, wr.s to have addressed the gathering, telling of her adventures in the Pacific in search of material for her books; but at the last moment she was unable to attend owing to an attack of malaria. Formerly a resident of Papua, Miss Grimshaw how resides at Kelso, near Bathurst, N.S.W.

The Club now has its own magazine, “Te Karere* (Th,e Messenger), priced 3d., which is sent gratis to all members in the Islands.

Rev. 0. Furness was accepted by the Foreign Mission Board of the Methodist Society in January for work at Rotuma Island, Fiji. * Mr. R. Chant, manager of the Sapphire Creek mine of Mandated Alluvials N.L. in Papua, reached Sydney from Port Moresby by the January “Macdhui”.

Chain of Radio Stations Collecting Weather Reports for Islands Aircraft.

IMPORTANT expansions of the facilities for compiling meteorological information for aircraft in Central and Western Pacific are to be made as a result of the International Meteorological Conference held in New Zealand at the end of last year.

For the New Guinea service, which is scheduled to commence late in March, a first-class weather station will be opened at Port Moresby (Papua), with secondary stations at Townsville, Cooktown and Rabaul. The principal forecasting station will be Townsville, where two men will be stationed. At the others, there will, at first, be only one officer.

Work at these stations will include ordinary observations for transmission to planes every half hour, upper air observations three times a day, and forecasting for the route on the basis of general advice from the central bureau at Melbourne, where more detailed analysis of the weather position is possible.

Stations will be opened later on Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island for the use of aircraft on th,e proposed Australia -New Zealand flying-boat service. In addition, supplementary reports for these aircraft will be provided by two observers, to be stationed permanently on ships which regularly cross the Tasman Sea, The Conference urged that Australia should co-operate with New Zealand, Fiji, Samoa, and the Dutch East Indies in collating weather reports. It was stressed that stations should be established at the Solomons, New Hebrides, Suva, Canton Island, Rarotonga, Nukualofa, Apia, and Sunday Island. The Samoan station would obtain information from Howland Island, Kingman Reef and Jarvis Island.

New Patrol Boats For

NORTH.

TWO new fast patrol boats are expected to be commissioned for service in the North by the end of April. There will then be a squadron of three boats patrolling Northern waters to keep Japanese luggers in check.

A launch for the Customs Department will be ready to undertake service at Thursday Island at the end of next month, and delivery of a triple-engined patrol boat for the Department of the Interior is expected early in April. 24 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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SYDNEY ISLANDS BY THE WAY.

Fascinating History of Torres Strait.

BY DR. G. H. VERNON, OF DARU, PAPUA.

ALL little islands have their little mysteries.

The more distant and isolated they are, the more they seem to exercise a fascination over men of imaginative and adventurous spirit.

The islands of Torres Strait are no exception and each one has some special natural feature, some tale to tell, or some historical association that distinguishes it from its neighbours. In these changing times it is worth while recording, before it is too late, some of the stories that have gathered round the little lost specks of land between Australia and New Guinea.

There is the making of many books in Torres Strait, and the pity of it is that with the passing of the years and the advent of the modern cut-and-dried form of civilisation, so much of the richly-endowed past will be lost for want of record. The old hands have all but gone and, for the most part, they were men of action rather than writing. But what a mass of material lay in the memories of those who have passed away!

Look back over the centuries and dwell for a moment on the pageant of Torres Strait—on Torres himself battling against adverse winds through unknown shoals and reefs; on the Malays, who came from afar since time immemorial to collect beche de mer; on the Chinese of an an even earlier date, who are supposed to have sailed down to Warrior Reef for the same purpose; on the scenes of those fierce battles of old between the tribes, where even to-day the skulls of the slain may be unearthed; on the massacre of white seamen on Darnley Island; on the “Ocean Post Office” on Booby Island, where the rare passing ships of early Victorian days left letters for one another. Few parts of our southern land can compare in historical interest with these desolate wind-swept isles and seas.

There are still seas on the globe that rarely see a ship, and are almost as empty and lonely to-day as they were a thousand years ago; yet, thanks to new enterprises on adjoining coasts, they suddenly find themselves “On th,e Map”, blossoming into trade routes of growing importance.

The northern part of Torres Strait has always been a side track, neglected by Left: Aerial photo. of Cape York, most northerly point of Australia.

Right: Aerial view of Thursday Island. 25 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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G. FLETCHER & SON 50 Oxford Street, Sydney the world’s shipping, but to-day it is a changing sea. It is true that for more than half a century the pearling luggers on Thursday Island have sailed its waters in the course of their lawful, and sometimes unlawful, business; but a new class of vessel and a new class of seamen has now appeared, and the future seems to point to a new era in the long history of Torres Strait.

If oil is found over the water from Northern Australia, among the swamps of Western New Guinea—and the search is being feverishly carried out from Daru, the small and hithertp unknown island that fronts the Strait on the north—this shallow sea between two Continents will become a recognised steamer track, where the ships of many nations will come for fuel. Now that so many white men are crossing the Strait, most of them probably in absolute ignorance of the romance of its past, it may be of interest to recall that these northern waters have played a great part in the drama of Australian exploration, Civilisation came to Torres Strait not as the result of trade, nor in the hopes of opening up new areas for the expansion of British emigration in the Antipodes, but as the result of a long roll of misfortune and tragedies that beset the intrepid navigators who pioneered the Cape York route. Navigation here has always been, and always will be difficult, but in the earlier years of last century a worse fate than drowning often awaited ship-wrecked mariners in these islandstudded waters. Escaping from the dangers of the sea, they fell victim far too often to the savagery of the natives ashore.

Many are the tales of women castaways who were forced into captivity, and even marriage with their captors, on mainland or island; and even more numerous the record of sailors who were killed and eaten. Captains of vessels had dangers both afloat and ashore to face, and it became intolerable that a route to India and China of growing importance should be dominated by bands of nomadic cannibals. Torres Strait had to be cleaned up, BOTH the Home and Queensland Governments were concerned at the increasing calamities, and in the early sixties the Jar dine Brothers were appointed to form a settlement in the vicinity of Cape York for the express purpose of establishing a depot where shipwrecked sailors might make for safety, and of maintaining order among the various tribes. Thus originated the first permanent occupation of the British in these waters.

The arrival of th,e Jardines, who settled at famous Somerset, overlooking one of the curving bays of Albany Pass, coincided with the first attempts at pearling in Torres Strait; and even had their station not been established at that time, a gradual development ashore must have taken place. Thereafter, matters began to improve, and pearling grew into an important industry that has lasted until the present day.

Torres Strait, however, had been recorded in history long before the advent of the Jardines, and the names of many of our most famous sea-going explorers had already been written there. Cook had passed through Endeavour Strait and raised the Union Jack on Possession Island. Bligh, set adrift by mutineers, had spent a night on Wednesday Island. Flinders had anchored in Horn Island Bight; King, in the leaky “Mermaid”, had made a survey of some of the passages; and many less known though no less courageous navigators had added bit by bit to the knowledge of Torres Strait. An impressive record for one little portion of Australia! Is it any wonder that these are household names on Thursday Island or that those who live there have a well-developed sense of history and feel themselves to be associated with some of the most interesting phases of exploration in the Southern Continent?

THOSE who expect to find a tropical paradise in Torres Strait will be disappointed, for the islands are rocky and arid, covered with long grass and sparse timber, and one looks in vain for the palm-enclosed lagoons and all the rich and ordered beauty of a South Sea Island of fiction, or indeed of fact. But the ocean gap between Australia and New Guinea has an austere beauty of its own, and an undeniable attraction for those who know it, though its skies are not universally blue nor its waters wellbehaved. Those who live amid the somewhat meagre amenities of civilised life on Thursday Island have always the feeling of being on the verge of a region rich in romance and history.

And, quite apart from the recorded history of Torres Strait, who among us who have dwelt there has not his own store of unrecorded history, of a life rich in incident and adventure and human contacts, in a setting of stormy waters and battles with the sea? There are many reasons why those who voyage among the islands feel a heart grip at the very mention of their name, many reasons why these forlorn surroundings have grown into our lives and come to be a part of our very selves.

No one could have lived in Torres Strait and escaped its spell. 26 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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BOX 2672 EE, G.P.0., SYDNEY There is romance, too, beneath the waves in Torres Strait, romance that is dead and turned to tragedy and decay.

Wrecks have been so frequent that they have slipped out of memory and, on being rediscovered, have remained unidentified. Treasure ships, coal ships, and ships.in ballast, famous passenger liners and insignificant windjammers have all paid toll to the perils of the Strait; and, if the sea gave up its dead, what a motley crowd would be gathered together.

Men of the Strait, both white and coloured, have always been accustomed to sailing in small boats, and some of their voyages have been nothing short of epics of heroism which in other parts of the world would not have passed unhonoured in history.

But in Torres Strait they are the commonplaces of existence.

“TSLANDS by the Way” there are in 1 plenty between Thursday Island and Daru. Let us single out a few that every voyager comes to know, for each has something worthy of notice.

Naghir, the precipitous island that rises so picturesquely to windward on the first beat out of Thursday Island, is almost unique in situation, from the summit of its peak you can on a clear day see both Australia and New Guinea with the naked eye. Cape York and the inter-twining hills of the mainland lie westward, and, far to the north where the almost similar peak of Dauan shows on the horizon, a long low violet tinted smudge marks the mainland of New Guinea.

It was here that Frank Jardine, the pioneer administrator, formed his pearling station; and in the old homestead there one of the most gracious and honoured ladies of Thursday Island first saw the light. Adventure came early for her, for when she was only a few days old she was rescued from her first home just before it was burnt to the ground.

On Coconut, farther east, we used, in the days that are gone, to come ashore at night just to hear the Chief of the Island spin yarns of the early days. The Coconut Islanders were always an adventuring, not to say freebooting crowd, who dominated the folk around them. It was intriguing to listen to Olandi’s sly comments on the valour (?) of the Turituri people, on the New Guinea mainland, who locked themselves in their village at night when half a dozen Coconut Islanders arrived with yells to rob their palms, and saddening to think that raiding parties in these fettered days cannot function in New Guinea without a permit to land.

Coconut Islanders were always having sea adventures of the most thrilling description; one of them capsized his dinghy and, for five days, kept himself alive on a log, drifting to and fro on the tide within sight of unattainable islands, before he was rescued.

Yam Island was a sort of South Sea international market, where Papuans and Islanders traded under a more or less perpetual truce. Here, men who were bitter enemies elsewhere, met to exchange marine products for commodities of the jungle, and it is quite conceivable that th,e adventurous lakatois of Hanuabada, near Moresby, made Yam a terminal port in their annual westward trading cruise with home-made cooking-pots.

From the top of Dauan’s 800 ft. peak, mentioned in de Prado’s account of the voyage of Torres, there is an amazing A sunset view of Friday Island—one of the seven islets surrounding Thursday Island. Friday was named by Captain James Cook during his passage through Torres Strait. 27 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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view over the hinterland of Western Papua, which only an aerial photo, could equal. The land of New Guinea here lies spread out like a map on the ground, a vast expanse of plain and swamp, crossed by winding creeks and rivers that gradually fades without change or rise of altitude into the haze of infinity, the flattest, most water-logged land on earth.

It is of interest to note that the granite of both Naghir and Dauan is the same as that found in Southern Tasmania—a reminder that these remote islands are sunken peaks of the Great Dividing Range of Australia.

Next to Dauan is the saucer-shaped island of Saibai, obviously formed from New Guinea mud and nowhere higher than ten feet above sea level. Though Torres must have sighted it in his voyage in 1606, Saibai’s contribution to history is of recent date. It was in 1916 that a strange vessel approached Saibai in the dusk and signalled the shore. Natives at once set sail for Thursday Is. to report this visitor, which was supposed to be the famous German raider “Wolf”. Thursday Island rose to the occasion nobly; a very small launch manned by a very few riflemen, sailed away into the blue to challenge the enemy, while the rest of the war-time garrison waited with what patience they could for the “Wolf” to be towed into harbour. The launch did not find the “Wolf”—or perhaps, we should say that the “Wolf” did not find the launch, or another laurel might have been added to the renown of the British Naval Reserve—but the intention and, above all; the courage needed to carry out a duty that must have led to capture or death were proof that Thursday Island’s heart was in the right place.

And here we leave our “Islands by the Way” in the hopes that enough has been culled from their store of history and human endeavour to deepen interest in the subject.

Tuberculosis Is Rife Among

TONGANS.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Jan. 16.

JIOSATEKI TUBOU, one of the four Tongan students attending the Central Medical School, Suva, Fiji, has returned to Nukualofa by the M.S.

“Roxen” on account of having contracted tuberculosis. Tubou had completed two of the four years’ course, and both his work and conduct were creditable.

Tuberculosis is the scourge of these islands, being responsible for a large percentage of deaths. Residents declare that the authorities should initiate some campaign to stem the rapid inroads of this dreaded white plague into the health of Tongans, who have not the natural immunities of Europeans to repel the disease.

Canton Island Officially

INSPECTED.

MR. R. H. GARVEY, Assistant Secretary to the Western Pacific High Commission, Suva, Fiji, paid an official visit of inspection to Hull Island and Canton Island on board the N.Z. sloop H.M.S. “Wellington” in January. The warship, under the command of Commander G. N. Loriston-Clarke, also carried Mr. R. C. Farquhar, senior wireless officer, who inspected the radio plants on Hull and Canton, and Mr. T.

Manning, who relieved Mr. F. H. Rostier at the latter base.

Melanesian Mission Relinquishes Control of Norfolk Island.

A HAPPY association lasting 70 years was severed recently when the Bishop of Melanesia (Rt. Rev. Baddeley) handed over the control of the Anglican Church on Norfolk Island to the Archbishop of Sydney (Dr. Mowll). St.

Barnabas’ Station, N. 1., was founded by the Melanesian Mission workers Messrs.

Codrington, Palmer, Atkin, and Brooke in 1867.

Rev. E. Lawton, who has been in charge on Norfolk Island since 1932, has been transferred to Lord Howe Island. His successor at N.I. is Rev.

W. K. Deasey.

Originally, Norfolk Island was included in the See of Tasmania, but because the Bishop could visit it only at great inconvenience, it was placed under the care of the Bishop of New Zealand.

After much difficulty, Bishop John Patteson purchased 1,000 acres on Norfolk Island as a site for a mission station, and N.I. eventually became part of the diocese of Melanesia.

Mr. E. M. Marshall, 8.A., Dip. Ed., of Waipukarau, New Zealand, has been appointed to take charge of the Methodist Mission’s Training Institution at Davuilevu, Fiji. 28 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938.

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Old Polynesian

RELICS.

To be Preserved by French Government.

From Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, Jan. 16.

THE “Journal Officiel” of December publishes the text of a Presidential decree establishing in each French colony a Commission of Natural Monuments and Sites for the purpose of preservingrelics of scientific, artistic, and historic value.

These Commissions are given broad powers in questions of classing, expropriation, the marking of zones and perimeters for protection, work to be done, etc., relative to these monuments and sites.

It is to be regretted that a Commission of this character was not in existence to save from destruction the great Marae Mahaiatea at Papara which was the last example of the Ahu (or pyramid) type of Marae in the Islands. There is, indeed, but one Marae of this character remaining in Tahiti —the small but perfect Arahurahu at Faaiti in Paea. All of the other principal Marae on Tahiti are in ruins or obliterated.

The Leeward Islands are more richly endowed with relics of old Polynesian culture which have not been given over wholly to destruction. Most notable is the ancient Marae Taputapuatea at Opoa on Raiatea. “Ancient Tahiti” (based on material recorded by the early missionary J. M.

Orsmond and arranged and translated by his grand-daughter, Miss Teuira Henry) records all that is known of the history of this temple.

“The great international Marae named Taputapuatea at Opoa, on the southeastern side of Raiatea, is the most ancient of all royal Marae in the Society Group. It is said to have been erected by highest royalty in the remotest period of the island’s history.

“Taputapuatea was not always so called. At a very remote period, before Oro was born at Opoa, it was the national Marae of Havai’i (Raiatea), named, in full, Tinirau-Hui-Mata-Te-Papa-O-Feoro, but it was briefly called Peoro, and to it were attached eight memorial stones which represented eight Kings who had reigned over the land.

“To Taputapuatea were taken most of the heads of warriors, who were decapitated as they lay dead upon the battlefields. The heads were cleaned and closely stacked in rows in the crevices and nooks of the Marae where, contrasted with the background of stones, they produced a terrifying sight. Bleached with age, these skulls lay sacred upon the Marae, untouched by native or white residents, until recently when tourists deemed it not bad manners to repay their native guides by laying on a desecrating hand and carrying them away.

All those that remained have therefore been secreted by the natives”.

Huahine, which is Raiatea’s neighbouring island at the east, holds, perhaps, the greatest number of undestroyed and undesecrated Marae now extant.

Perhaps this is accounted for by the fact that Huahine has never been a resort for tourists.

Bishop G. J. Vesters, 0.8. E., of the Sacred Heart Mission Vunapope, New Guinea, is at present visiting Manila, Philippine Islands. He expects to return to Rabaul in March.

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PAPUAN BELLES.

N.G. EXPROPRIATED PLANTATIONS Resale Values Lower.

EVIDENCE of the inflated values paid for expropriated properties in New Guinea when these were first sold in 1926 is provided in a report received by the Federal Government on the resale of five properties which reverted to the Administration. . jrTThe properties sold, the purchase pteke in 1926, and the resale price are:— Price. Price of Property. in 1926. Recent Sale. £ £ Bulo 4,100 1,603 Hermit 16,000 5,000 Purdy and Alin .. 9,100 2,526 Seleo 10,000 1,500 Tomalabatt .. .. 9,650 3,600 Despite the huge fall in bids which has occurred in the last 11 years, the prices realised at the recent sale are regarded as satisfactory. In most cases they are about 10 per cent, greater than the official valuation.

A competitor in the Tasman Cup yacht race between Auckland (N.Z.) and Hobart (Australia), the “Aurora Star”, was blown 400 miles off her course and reached Lord Howe Island on February 4. There had been much anxiety in Australia for her safety.

Crown Prince Spends His Holidays In Tonga.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Jan. 14.

THE Tongan Crown Prince Tuboutoa arrived at Nukualofa by the December “Matua” to spend his Christmas holidays, having completed his first year at Sydney University, where he is taking Arts and Law courses.

After only four years study at Newington College, Sydney, the Crown Prince, at the age of 18, matriculated with honours in 1936; which, for a European, is in itself a creditable achievement. As the Prince is the first Tongan to enter a University, Tongans are justly proud of his scholastic achievements, and this was more marked when a radio was received from Sydney, a few days after his arrival, advising that he had successfully passed his first year’s examination.

In the ordinary course of events, Prince Tuboutoa will take the final examination for his B.A. degree at the end of next year, and will continue studying for his LL.B. degree after that.

Having graduated in law, he will proceed to England to spend a year or two in one of the Inns of Court before returning to Tonga. With his promise of high intellectual attainments, it is natural that Tongans are confident that the future welfare of their little Kingdom will be safe in his hands.

Papuan village girls carrying water to a Mission station. —Photo.: “Missionary Review”. 31 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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WEDDING AT PAPEETE.

From Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE,' Jan. 10.

A WEDDING of much local interest was celebrated at Papeete in December, when Mademoiselle Louise Tetuanui Higgins became the bride of Monsieur Pierre Constant. Mile. Higgins, through her grandmother, is descended from the ancient royal Opoa clan of Raiatea. On her mother’s side she is the granddaughter of the late Emile Levy. The marriage was solemnised at Bethel Chapel, by Rev. Charles Vernier, head of the French Protestant Mission.

Rise in Tonga's Trade.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Jan. 12.

THE trade of the Kingdom of Tonga fof the nine months ended September 30 amounted to £247,284, which was £86,880 in excess of the corresponding period for 1936. Trade figures were: — 1936. 1937.

Imports £69,881 £107,370 Exports £90,523 £139,914 Total £160,404 £247,284 MAIN EXPORTS. 1936. 1937.

Copra (tons) 9,546 10,053 ~ (value) £83,722 £136,320 Bananas (cases) .. .. 20,349 11,015 „ (value) .. .. £5,786 £3,293 Total Customs Revenue for the period was £18,807, against £11,051, for the corresponding period of 1936 —a net increase of £7,756.

PAPER FROM COCONUT HUSKS.

A FORMER merchant of New Caledonia, Mr. W. H. Caporn, referring to an article in the January issue, claims that he can make paper from coconut husks, and that he can produce carbon profitably from coconut shells. He says that his experiments were carried out at Mount Dore, and Saint Louis, Noumea, New Caledonia, and at Surandah, Santo, New Hebrides. The price of coconut husks there is less than in Travancore, the important coconut growing centre of India, where the coir (coconut fibre) industry is highly developed.

Mr. Caporn’s process reduces the husk to a brown pulp and then bleaches it by the Johnston process, of Niaouli oil flotages. He declares that 10,000,000 hectares of coconut plantations in New Caledonia and New Hebrides could supply the world with cheaper and better paper, like Niaouli Bark. According to his plan, husks to the value of 3/- could produce coconut paper (or Niaouli flotage paper) worth 36/-.

Mr. Caporn has asked the French Minister for Colonies for financial aid in his researches. The Minister has forwarded Mr. Capom’s appeal for financial aid and sympathy to the Governor of New Caledonia.

Guinea Airways' New

PLANE.

THE, latest addition to the air fleet of Messrs. Guinea Airways, Limited, a new Stinson Reliant, was shipped from Sydney for New Guinea by the “Macdhui” on February 2. The machine will be re-assembled and fitted with floats on arrival at Lae, G.A.’s headquarters in the Mandated Territory.

Guinea Airways’ fleet now consists of 15 machines —seven Junkers, four Fords, three Stinsons, and a Moth.

An interim dividend at the rate of 10 per cent, per annum has been declared by W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd., on account of the 1938 year. Last year’s dividend was 9 per cent, in an interim 4 per cent., and final 5 per cent. 32 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Discipline For

YOUNG TONGANS.

Problem of Church and School.

Letter to the Editor.

IN the “Pacific Islands Monthly” of October, there is a timely article, “Townsmen or Land-Owners?”

There is a large body of opinion in agreement with your correspondent on the subject of education in Tonga, when he says that the educational policy is at fault, but it is doubted whether the evils will be removed by shifting the Government College out of the town of Nukualofa. There is more affected than the Government College.

First, this scheme may be like others undertaken by the Government of Tonga, with promises to benefit this and that, but almost all resulting in disaster, involving losses to the country of thousands of pounds. May I instance the vessels “Hifofua” and the “Tokaga” (now “Tui Toga”)? Already £25,000 have been expended in the past 16 years on the Government College, and it is estimated that the removal to the bush would cost another £2,000; and buildings taken down and put up again are never the same.

Removal of a college from the town to the bush would never solve Tonga’s problem of improving the character as well as the behaviour of its youth. A stiffer discipline is required, not only at the Government College, but at the Nafualu Wesleyan College, and the Wesleyan Girls’ College, to bring about without delay a more respectful demeanour towards their parents and elders and their betters (not only to the faces of the latter, but behind their backs as well). A little less arrogance in our young Tongans is desirable.

The root of the trouble goes further back than the Colleges, and starts with the children just before school age, and in the primary schools. Lack of parental control is a factor. The Missions, also, are too intent on making their children good Callathumpians, rather than good Tongans.

The Government is to be blamed mostly for the present condition of Tonga’s younger generation, because the Government, being mostly Wesleyans, have left too much in the hands of the Wesleyan Mission, who have taken the chance to push on the political influence of Wesleyanism, instead of the Government holding the balance evenly, as between the many competing sects in Tonga—six, to be exact—for the benefit of the children of all, and the population as a whole.

Any scheme touching education put forward by the Wesleyan-ridden Government of Tonga is looked on with suspicion by many sections of the people, for we have not forgotten, nor will we forget for many a long day, the Wesleyan "manoeuvres” of 1924.

I am, etc., AFUHA’ AMAGO.

Member of the Tongan Legislative Assembly.

Nukualofa, 11/l/’3B.

Mr. William H. Potts, a young Englishman, who accompanied Dwight Long in his yacht “Idle Hour” from Sydney to Papua in 1936 and who subsequently spent some months travelling in the Mandated Territory and Dutch New Guinea, has returned to his home in Birmingham, England. He is now engaged in writing a book dealing with his travels. 34 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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“City Of Papeete."

Sad Fate of Once Well-Known Three-Master.

THE American three-masted topsail schooner “City of Papeete”, once well known in Central and Eastern Pacific, has ended her long career.

Recently, Mr. Oscar G. Nordman, of Tahiti, sought to obtain some relic of the little ship—a bell, a name board, or something of the kind—to adorn one of Papeete’s parks, so that residents might still keep alive the memory of her association with Tahiti. He eventually got into touch with the “City of Papeete’s” present owner, Mrs. Vivienne C. Chadwick, of Marinita Park, San Rafael, California, U.S.A., who replied as follows: “I regret that I cannot send you any momento of the ‘City of Papeete’; unfortunately the little ship had been completely stripped before we bought her.

The best we can do is to give you a snapshot taken a couple of years ago, when she had been retired from the service of the Union Fish Co., and towed into shallow water in Richardson’s Bay, San Francisco.

“When we went to see the ‘Papeete’ we found her completely submerged at high tide. Nevertheless, we bought her and began to clean her up. We had her pumped out and moved to shallower water, high and dry. Then we cleaned, repaired, and painted her, and fitted her up for week-end use. She was no longer seaworthy, of course, and had suffered considerable damage at the hands of vandals, while lying abandoned.

“We enjoyed the ship immensely for a couple of seasons, and then she became involved in a lawsuit, by reason of the ownership of the mud-flats upon which she was lying. There was a good deal of trouble about it, and we were obliged to move her again. This time she was put up in the shallows of San Pablo Bay, but too far from shore for us to watch her carefully, with the result that vandals broke in and robbed us of all pictures, ornaments, furniture, equipment, etc. They even smashed her refitted windows and damaged the interior.

“Now the poor ‘City of Papeete’ is once more deserted. She was a lovely little packet, and we have been most disappointed that our efforts to give her a happy finish to her days have met with disaster. It is unfortunate that some people do not love ships!”

The above illustration has been reproduced from the photograph sent to Mr. Nordman by Mrs. Chadwick'. The schooner originally was built in the 80’s at San Francisco. In the period when full-rigged ships, barques, and barkentines skimmed over the Pacific, she was commanded by M. Berude, with Mr. Lunn as second in command. Ac* cording to the records, she was 360 tons gross, and 50 metres long, with a beam of 10 metres.

Mrs. Johnson, wife of Mr. W. H. (“Tavua”) Johnson, of Suva, Fiji, died in the Colonial War Memorial Hospital in January. She had lived in the Colony over 40 years.

Mr. Colin C. Marr, of the Department of Agriculture, New Guinea, recently married Miss Marjorie Thomas, of Rabaul, at the Church of St. Michael and All Angels, New Farm, Brisbane.

Tall sticks at rest—the “City of Papeete” anchored in a quiet bay at San Francisco. 35 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

1937. 1936.

Copra (tons) .. .. 20,083 22,520 (9 months only) (9 months) Vanilla (quint.) . . 619 624 ,, Value (fr.) 6,532,000 2,673,000 Phosphates (tons) . 143,662 101,092 Value (fr.) 9,194,000 6,469,000 M.O.P. Shell (quint) 482 Value (fr.) 100,000 Imports (fr.) . . . . 40,429,000 26,889,000

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BOOM IN HAWAIIAN TOURISM.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Jan. 10.

TOURIST traffic to the Hawaiian Islands is booming so much that it has now become the territory’s third “industry”.

The very efficient Hawaii Tourist Bureau, a non-profit organisation, supported along the same lines as the Australian National Travel Association, reports that 53,478 tourists visited the isles during 1937. This does not include the 32,000 “one day” tourists.who came ashore from trans-Pacific liners remaining in port for the day only.

This great influx of visitors, it is estimated, is responsible for the distribution of something like 10,000,000 dollars in cash.

The boom is reflected in local interisland air travel by the Inter Island Company’s amphibians, which are operated with more safety than any other airline under the Stars and Stripes. On January 2, no less than 167 passengers were lifted.

Mr. H. G. R. McAlpine, of Otago, New Zealand, has been selected by the British Colonial Office, London, to join the Colonial Service. He has been allocated for duty in Fiji.

TAHITI'S TRADE.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, Jan. 5.

THE following trade figures are available:— Of the phosphate, 115,925 tons went to Japan, and 27,736 tons to Hawaii and to Sweden.

A Jinx On A Japanese

STEAMER.

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Jan. 5.

THOSE who believe that a jinx is some deliberate stroke of fate will be interested in the career of the old steel freighter “Buffalo Bridge”, which was bought in October last from an American company by Japan. Promptly the rusty steamer was loaded with scrap iron and lumber, and prepared for her long voyage to war-gripped Japan.

On October 23 the engines broke down, when the freighter was 950 miles from Honolulu. A tug was sent to the rescue. With a bad list, the “Buffalo Bridge” was towed into Honolulu for repairs.

On December 6, the ship set off foi Japan. Only 120 miles out of Honolulu, she was forced to turn back; engine trouble again.

On December 17 she set off again for the industrial yards of Osaka, but 400 miles out the jinx worked once more, and back she came to Honolulu.

The “Buffalo Bridge” for the third time is in the hand of local shipwrights.

It is hoped she will sail again for Japan early in January.

The ship was bought for approximately 30,000 dollars, and so far her repairs in Honolulu have cost some 25,000 more.

Incidentally, there is another Japanese steamer in port now lifting a large consignment of scrap metal for Japan’s war factories. The metal came from discards at the U.S. navy base, Pearl Harbour, the purpose of which is to act as U.S. navy pivot in the defence scheme against Japan—just another angle of the inconsistency of the armed nations.

Dr. A. H. B. Pearce, Chief Medical Officer in Fiji, arrived in New Zealand with his wife by the January “Aorangi”, on leave.

Mr. L. J. Warren, manager of the Union S.S. Co., Ltd., in the Cook Group, was in New Zealand in January on furlough.

Mr. Greg Neilson, proprietor of the Picture Theatre at Nukualofa, Tonga, arrived in New Zealand by the January “Matua”. 36 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1988

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The Claims Of T. H. Harrisson

New Hebrides Planter Returns To The Attack.

Letter to the Editor.

IN your issue of October, 1937, Miss Cheeseman takes up the cudgels on behalf of T. H. Harrisson in reply to my challenge in June issue, 1937. I do not say that Mr. Harrisson is an imposter, but there is abundant proof available that he did not see or hear certain things he claims to have seen or heard. I say emphatically that my indictments were justified and in the public interest. Self deception is not uncommon.

Miss Cheeseman can sleep in peace. I am not after blackmail nor actuated by petty spite. Whilst in the Group Mr. Harrisson received quite a fair deal from me and mine, which I am told he acknowledged in one of his addresses, and it is not my habit to indulge in personalities or mud-slinging. I am only interested in him so far as he concerns the people of this Group, native and non-native.

Dr. Codrington, an authority whom Mr.

Harrisson quotes largely, said, in one of his books on Melanesia: “A man comes to the Islands, and in two years knows all there is to know about the natives!

He stays on twenty years and learns he knows little”.

There is a story told of Sir William MacGregor which goes somewhat as follows: Meeting a young Missionary who appeared ratner confident of everything native, he asked him how long he had been in the Islands and on the young Missionary saying two years, MacGregor asked him if he had written his book yet?

On receiving the negative, he said: “Well, young man, you had better hurry up, for if you stay too long you will find you are not so sure of your facts as to make the book readable”. There you have it in a nutshell, from two unimpeachable sources! Mr. Harrisson was in the Group, say, two years, and behold!!

He knows everything!

Should Mr. Harrisson Return?

By asking leading and suggestive questions of natives—for the most part more or less detribalised—he gets the replies the natives think he wants, not knowing whether it is the real or the whole truth.

I would suggest to Mr. Harrisson that he pay a visit to the Group again, leaving his superiority complex behind him, in England, learn a dialect, and stay, say, only ten years. At the end of that period he will realise he is not so sure of the conclusions he arrived at after less than two years in the Group.

Contrary to Miss Cheeseman’s guess, I have read th,e book. I have not seen the papers he read before the Geographical Society, though I have seen some of reports of these.

After all, what constitutes an anthropologist? One who systematically studies the subject or one who simply dabbles in it? For many years this —and I suppose other Groups also—have had a succession of people, coming from this or that University, or Museum, or scientific body, and claiming to be specialists in one or other branch of science. A portion are genuine and keenly in search of knowledge, others are seeking notoriety, cheap or otherwise; others simply seeking local colour to clothe fiction or theories. The people of all the Groups have 'sufficient intelligence to sift the one from the other.

They appreciate and assist, in every way in their power, the genuine article, but resent the spurious and the notoriety hunter.

Miss Cheeseman says Mr. Harrisson never inferred he was more than three weeks in the Big Nambus. Let her turn to page 277: “Some of the most pleasant evenings of my life have been spent drinking kava. listening to the endless running flow, of words, the trivial, described as only the ‘lowest’ savage and highest genius can describe it. so that every angle, incident, word and thing appears again to conjure up a scene not simply of ... I had not previously realised that talk could be more than conversation. . . Talk can be a people’s highest manifestation”. And then, bathos! “I did this for a year and it gave me much, friendship, pleasure, and prestige—especially as at the end I could drink any Big Namba under the table”.

As Mr. Harrisson could not speak nor understand ten words of any dialect it was really genuine courtesy for the na- 37 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Harrisson’s headquarters, during the brief period (five months, I believe) he was acting as locum tenens to the District Agent, was not in the Big Nambus area, nor within ten miles of the nearest village. Where he was, the dialect is quite different from that of the Big Nambus and unintelligible to them. The North West dialect and customs are more nearly related to that of the N.E. of Malekula.

T , . . ~. .

It is impossible in the space allowed to go into detail. He has given nothing new to science that will stand. His folk tales are over-edited and distorted. Any man who knows his way about, and more particularly if he knows a dialect, can collect a dozen folk tales in a day, from the village story tellers. If left as told, they are valuable, if tampered with, they are valueless. Mr. Harrisson does not realise there are people, even within the Group, with a public school background, planters whose educational status is perhaps even superior to his. It is arrogance for him to think he has discovered Malekula.

Miss Cheeseman endeavours, by taking a sentence away from its context, to draw a herring across the path. The writer has been 34 years in the Group, and, though holding his own views, has succeeded in living and working alongside the Missionaries, without difficulty or quarrels. Mr. Harrisson was, say, two years in the Group and was not liked by the Missionaries.

Plenty of planters have been right inland and have even ascended the principal mountains. There are few areas in the North of the Island that the writer has not been into. He was in Taumaro and Amok 32 years ago, with a planter named Robert Petersen, and a Mr. Moroney, an artist and photographer, who took both sketches and photographs. He has been in Amok once since, and Taumaro several times. Taumaro has been visited constantly for 20 years.

Nowadays the white inhabitants all use boots. Twenty and more years ago a large percentage, owing to constant boating, went often barefoot, consequently a goodly percentage showed hookworm. Mr.

Harrisson himself never used boots, and it is possible that he himself was a hookworm positive. The term Tombat is never used in the sense given on page 410. Tombat is the term applied to initiates in the societies and ceremonies. The term Nelag Sen is what he means. The Tombats were often the Nelag Sen.

The Chief of Taumaro, the Miliun Vavau, was told of what Mr. Harrisson said of cannibal feasts and of his claiming by inference to have participated therein. In his characteristic blunt fashion he said: “He lies! We do not eat human flesh in the presence of strangers. It is absolute tabu for an outsider to see it, let alone participate”. This chief is an unquestionable authority. He is in fact, the man erroneously described as “King of Big Nambus” by a former visiting scientist, who even went so far as to send a spear to the late King George from “One King to Another”—an apparently harmless freak, but in reality one which caused an endless amount of bad feeling and jealousy among the rival clans.

PLANTERS’ MEDICAL WORK.

It is not in anyway true that the Missions are the only people who try to do anything for the natives. Many planters give medicine—including arsphenamides—free or at actual cost, and they have to pay for it out of their own pocket at full price. Planters were the first to use both the bismuth and arsenic compounds when they came in, and planters were the first to consider the employment of N.M.P.’s in this Group.

There is an agreement, which can be produced, between two planters and the Fijian. Malachi, who accompanied Dr.

Lambert on his first survey. It was the existence of this agreement which actually shamed the Administration into taking the matter over. I am sure Dr.

Lambert can bear witness to this, as he did to the original agreement!

And what of the not inconsiderable work of the much-maligned Condominium Administration, which supplies the material with which the Missions inject the natives? During Mr. Harrisson J s stay on Malekula, let him count the number of times he saw Missionaries using arsphenamide injections, and how many times it was Rockefeller trust plus Condominium.

He will then eat his words I hope.

I am not belittling the work done by the Missions when I make this statement.

They will be the first to admit the truth.

In conclusion, I may point out that Mr.

Harrisson has graciously admitted thatwith few exceptions, the British planters are honest men. He has also told us there are no honest Frenchmen here!

How overcome with conceit the British planters must be at such commendation, and how downcast the poor French must be at their condemnation—and that coming from such a source!

I am, etc..

E. H. CORLETTE.

Bushman's Bay, Malekula, New Hebrides. 19/12/’3B. 38 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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VETERAN MISSIONARY RETIRES.

REV. ROBERT LECK, M.A., of the Anglican New Guinea Mission, has reached the retiring age, and has returned to Australia from the Papuan mission field.

Graduating in arts at Melbourne University, he was ordained and served the Anglican Church in various parts of Victoria, before going to Papua in 1915 to be rector of Port Moresby. Returning to Australia in 1920, he spent a period at Wedderburn (Vic.), and then went back to Port Moresby, remaining until 1927. In 1928 he went to Samarai, at the Eastern end of the Territory, where he has since resided.

Whilst rector of Port Moresby in 1917, Rev.

Leek tided over a period of financial stress by working as “offsider” in a local engineering shop, to avoid closing the church. It fell to Mr. Leek’s lot, as Administrator of the diocese of New Guinea, to enthrone the new Bishop (Right Rev. P. N. W. Strong), on his arrival early last year.

New Pictorial Stamps For

C.I. AND NIUE. fpHE present issue of the Cook Island Group f and Niue Island pictorial stamps will be extended on May 1 so that the denominations will range from Vfed. to 3/-, instead of utilising overprinted N.Z. stamps over 1/-. The new issues will comprise 1/-, 2/-, and 3/-, and it is intended to reproduce a portrait of King George VI. in a vignette. The 2/- stamp will contain in a central panel a native village scene, and the 3/- denomination will reproduce an Islands seascape.

Mr. E. Lewis, formerly of Nyngan, N.S.W., has joined the staff of the Commonwealth Bank at Rabaul, New Guinea.

Mr. R. F. Pinder, of the Fiji Audit Department, has been transferred to Northern Rhodesia, South Africa, to be Government Auditor.

Mr. D. H. Larsen, Secretary to the Resident Commissioner of the Cook Islands, reached Auckland, N.Z., by the “Matua” in January.

FIJI RIFLEMEN—AND WOMEN.

Second In Empire Competition.

SECOND place in the recent Colonial Rifle Association’s Small-bore Match, in which 17 British Colonies and Territories took part, was won by the Fiji Rifle Association, with 1,559 points out of a possible 1,600. The winner was the Kenya Rifle Association, with 1,576 points, and it took the Challenge Cup and eight silver medals. The Fiji team, which was awarded eight bronze medals, comprised:— Mrs. A. Bernard . . . . 100 100 200 W. Wilder 98 100 198 J. B. Turner 99 98 197 P. J. Turner 100 96 196 J. H. Jardine 98 97 195 Miss S. Monckton .. 98 95 193 Mrs. W. P. Ragg .... 95 96 191 Mrs. I. E. Michelmore 95 94 189 Out of the 17 teams, only three—Fiji, Nyasaland, and Straits Settlements— included women.

Mr. Alfred T. Hill, who has had charge of the Melanesian Mission launch “Cecil Wilson” in New Guinea, has been transferred to Pawa, Ugi Island, British Solomons.

Mr. A. D. Leys, LL.B. (N.Z.), of Suva, has been admitted as a barrister and solicitor of the Fiji Supreme Court.

Mrs. John Baird, of Norfolk Island, died in Norfolk Is. Hospital early in January. -A.B.M. Photo. 39 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Historic German Flags

FROM SAMOA.

BY recent gifts from two New Zealand women, the Auckland War Memorial Museum now has in its possession the three German flags captured by the N.Z. Expeditionary Force on its arrival in Samoa on August 29, 1914. One is the first German flag to be captured in any theatre of the Great War.

When the N.Z, Force landed at Apia, an official party marched to Government Louse to take possession of the flag.

In the meantime, another party went to the Post Office and cut down the flag there. This latter ensign, which was taken half an hour before the official party secured the one at Government House, was preserved by the soldier who commandeered it. Eventually, it passed into the hands of Mrs. Ewena Cate, of Blenheim, who in December offered it to the Museum. Measuring 3 ft. by 5 ft., it bears the insignia of the former German Crown, above the postal sign—a bugle. The N.Z. authorities already had placed the “official” flag in the Museum.

In January, the third of the captured banners was sent to the Museum by Mrs. A. Slattery, of Davonport, whose son, Corporal Gilbert Slattery (now of Sydney), secured it from a German administrative building. It is 9 ft. by 12 ft., and is in perfect condition. In the centre are the German Imperial Eagle and Crown.

WACO NOT A COMPLETE LOSS.

Letter to the Editor. 1 SHOULD be glad if you would state that the Waco aeroplane that was forced down by violent weather near Madang is not a “complete write-off”, and never was. While the machine was under control, Captain Leggatt decided to land and, in doing so, landed in a kunai swamp. It was impracticable to clear a runway there, and so the machine is being salvaged. The only damage was a bent propeller, and, when the wings, fuselage, engine, etc., are brought in the plane will be reassembled again and the “Old Waco” will be just like she used to be.

I am, etc., R. MACGREGOR, Madang Manager, Stephens Aviation, Ltd., New Guinea.

RACES AT RAROTONGA.

From Our Own Correspondent, RAROTONGA, Jan. 10.

NEW YEAR’S DAY saw the first meeting of the Rarotonga Jockey Club, at Muri Beach sports ground.

Europeans and natives turned out in force, and keen interest was shown in all races. A “tote” operated by the club officials proved very popular; the best dividend of the day was the Cup winner, which paid £l3. 40 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 19 38.

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HOLBROOKS Sweet or Unsweetened GHERKINS are the finest imported Gherkins, firm and delicately flavoured. They may be used in the preparation of many dainty and appetising savory novelties, and like all Holbrook products their quality is entirely dependable.

HOLBROOKS Pearl White ONIONS. These tiny white onions are imported and preserved in sweetened liquor. They are delicious and so elegant for savories.

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ISLANDS LIFE PICTURED ON STAMPS.

BY KENNETH ALLEN.

THE Pacific Islands are inhabited by picturesque peoples. Each isle has its peculiar native customs and characteristics.

One particular class of non-travelling persons may “see” these islanders, and study their customs and typical dress.

They are the philatelists, or stamp collectors. Throughout the territories there are issued innumerable postage stamps, illustrating Islands folk and their associations.

The New Zealand stamps are outstanding and typical, depicting all phases of Maori life and customs.

On the 1913, 1 centime and 40 centimes issues of Oceanic Settlements (French) we will find a beautiful Tahitian woman, and in the latter value a group of hardy men, wearing only the scarlet pareu (which, as a rule, comes from Manchester). Another later issue, in 1934, showed a Tahitian belle apparently awaiting someone on the seashore. She is pictured wearing the traditional native skirt and headband. In 1926 a philarepresentation of a Tahiti native about to “shin up” a palm tree was made.

The British Solomon Islands have given philatelists a very poor representation, in a native war canoe full of tough-looking natives. The canoes featured in the 1907- 8 issues were used in days when the natives carried out head-hunting expeditions.

There are two well-known personalities met in the 1897 and 1920 Tongan issues, King George 11. and Queen Salote. King George 11. had the honour of appearing on the world’s first “Wedding Stamp”.

An issue was released on June 1, 1899.

This stamp was actually an over-print of the 1897 issue. Queen Salote, who is on the 5d., 1920 issue, came to the Tongan Throne in 1918, and reigns over the only kingdom in the Pacific. The 1920 stamp was a fine example of stamp-printing art, and is a popular acquisition.

A Samoan girl in typical Samoan dress is featured on the Id.. 1935 issue. This young lady is seen dispensing ceremonial Kava. She is wearing tapa cloth, with Samoan fine mat around her waist. Her neck carries a Samoan necklace, and there are flowers behind her ears.

Standing outside a Samoan “fale”, we meet a chief and his wife. Both are in national dress. This is truly an arresting design, the figures being equipped with their native finery. This stamp was issued in 1935 and its value was 2ld.

In the Cook Islands stamps, we meet a highly-decorated Rarotongan chief, complete with head-dress, necklace, fan and spear. He is in a commanding attitude, near a native hut, set on the seashore. Another interesting scene is presented on the 1932, 2d. value. Here we find a number of Maoris on board a picturesque double canoe, pointing excitedly forward. Others are pictured also in apprehensive attitudes. This canoe, we discover, contained one of the first parties of Maoris supposed to have come from Hawaii to Cook Islands en route to New Zealand, about 1350.

New Hebrides cannot show us any stamp illustration other than that of native idols, etc. In 1911, N.H. commenced on these issues, displaying a group of different types of spears, totems, idols, native pottery, some grotesque idols, and the like.

New Caledonia offers us a very bad stamp design on the 1905 2 centimes issue.

Here we see a seaside village and a native punt manned by two natives, one standing in the bow and the other the rear, and apparently propelling the craft through the water. A native pirogue, also manned by some natives, can be discerned on the Id., 1891 Fijian issue.

Papua acquaints us with a wide range of native people. On the Id., 1932 issue we meet a Motuan girl, carrying a load of fire-wood on her head, a “kiapa” being slung across her back, wherein she carries anything from a baby to supplies for the larder. The 4d. and 6d. stamps of this same series excellently reproduce scenes entitled “Motherhood”. A fine specimen of native physical fitness is 41 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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seen on the 5/- value —a native policeman. The Id. and sd. values show a chieftain’s son (young Steve, from Hanuabada, near Port Moresby) and a masked dancer. Examples of native art may be seen on other values, whilst on the 3d. design we have the so-called Papuan “Dandy”.

Training Cook Islanders

AS SCHOOL TEACHERS.

From Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, Jan. 7.

IN the near future the famous old mission school at Tereora, Rarotonga, will be reopened as a Government secondary school. There natives will be trained to become school teachers, and as time goes on they will replace the more highly paid Europeans.

There will be agriculture and handicraft classes where the natives will be taught practical scientific fruit-growing and the use of tools.

It is the opinion of many that this is a move in the right direction, both from a practical and an economic viewpoint. In the Northern Cooks, where there are no European teachers, scholars are just as well educated as those in Rarotonga.

Rev. Geoffrey Stanley Crouch, 8.A., of Nadroga, Fiji, who has spent five years in the Colony with the Methodist Mission, is now in Australia on furlough. Owing to the ill-health of his wife, he will not return to Fiji, but will remain in Victoria.

ON THE CENTRAL PLATEAUS OF NEW GUINEA.

THIS attractive, unposed group is interesting for many reasons—for it shows the Governor-General of Australia, Lord Gowrie, and Lady Gowrie, chatting to the women residents of Bulwa, New Guinea—but its chief value is in the glimpse it gives of life on the interior tablelands of New Guinea, almost under the Equator.

Here are no miserable victims of the malarial jungle—no washed-out women and scarecrow children. The women and children shown in this photograph would be a credit to an,y temperate country in the world. The explanation, of course, is the altitude —conditions are cool and healthy on these great central plateaus of New Guinea. —(Photo by Simmons.) Sir A. G. Murchison Fletcher, K.C.M.G., C.8.E., who was Governor of Fiji from 1929 until 1936, has resigned the Governorship of Trinidad and Tobago, owing to continued ill-health. 42 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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"Yanawai" Enters Fiji

TRADE.

From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Jan. 26.

EARLY last month B.P.’s new M.V.

“Yanawai” arrived in Suva from Hong Kong for the Fiji trade.

She is a most up-to-date vessel, and for a small ship has exceptional passenger accommodation. A feature of the airy cabins is that each is provided with a large thermos water bott~ —a necessity where tropical travel is concerned. There is a roomy saloon, a comfortable smokeroom, and a large amount of deck space. The boat deck is provided with a permanent awning, and there is ample room for deck games.

The “Yanawai” has taken up running between Suva and Vanua Levu ports, a route previously covered by the auxiliary ketches “Helena” and “Tui Labasa”. Served by a modern ship, this locality should become popular with tourists, who, in the past, have seldom visited these outlying parts because of lack of comfortable travelling facilities.

The vessel was brought out from China by Captain Colquhoun, a skipper well-known in B.P.’s service for many years. Since her arrival she has been taken over by Captain M. Whippy, a local veteran of the B.P. service. Captain Colquhoun reported that the little ship proved herself most seaworthy on the trip out. The only incident of note was when she was questioned as to her destination by a Japanese destroyer.

Manslaughter Charges In

NEW GUINEA.

From Our Own Correspondent.

WAU, Feb. 2.

DURING January Judge Phillips, in the Supreme Court, Wau, heard charges of manslaughter against two men who were the drivers of motor vehicles when fatal accidents occurred, Mr. Wally Corden, who was the driver of the motor truck which overturned and killed Mr. James Stewart in November, was found not guilty of manslaughter and was discharged. The Court evidently took the view that the regrettable occurrence was entirely an accident.

The driver of another motor truck, which ran over and killed a man near Bulolo, and which continued its journey without stopping to ascertain whether harm had been done, was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment.

Rev. 0. G. Parry, B.Ec., with Mrs.

Parry and their three children, departed from Sydney for Papua by the “Macdhui’ on February 2. He will have charge of the London Missionary Society’s Lawes College at Fife Bay, pending the arrival of a new L.M.S.’ missionary.

AIRMAIL STAMPS.

First On Central Pacific Route.

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Jan. 5.

THOSE collectors who intend putting a price .on the covers of the unofficial mail carried from Auckland to Hawaii by the survey plane, “Samoa Clipper”, had better know about the first letters carried on the Hawaii-New Zealand air route.

These were carried by the “Samoa Clipper” from Honolulu to Kingman’s * Reef on March 23, 1937, the date of the first survey flight. There were some 30 letters addressed to employees on the S.S. “North Wind”, the chartered steamer which acted as radio base at the reef.

The mail had been sent by regular sources to the men at Honolulu, but the air company obligingly sent on the mail by the clipper. The alert recipients quickly took advantage of their historic mail.

With razor blades and rubber, they made a neat cancellation stamp which stated “Received at Kingman’s Reef, the date, carried by clipper, etc.”, and Captain A. J. Borklund, the “North Wind’s” skipper, and Stewart Saunders, chief Pan American representative at the reef, obligingly certified the correct facts on each envelope, the location of the reef, date and so on.

So far, only two of these valuable

0 which) paint r rs OF COURSE (PR ARE /Keeps on 1

Agents Throughout The Islands

covers have been sold, and they each fetched 35 dollars. They are all held in the United States.

Incidentally, the mail that was carried from Auckland to Hawaii by the second survey flight of the “Samoa Clipper” was unofficial, and of this the U.S. post office department was 2areful to warn collectors in America, It was such a windfall for the men that they intended sending back the mail to Honolulu by the clipper, but the company, which considers it is entitled to all profits on first mails on its new routes, was angered by the Kingman colonists’ enterprise, and out went an order in code by radio to all the bases on the route that no mail whatsoever could be carried on the northward flight.

Zeppelin Services

For Pacific?

From Japan To California.

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Jan. 10.

THOSE airminded people interested in the expansion of commercial airlines throughout the world should not overlook the announcement of the American Zeppelin Transport company, which has backed the construction of dirigibles in Germany. Commercial zeppelin flights in regular service are to be started in June. Helium gas will be used in inflation.

A subsidiary company has been formed for the exploitation of dirigible services across the Pacific. The first service will be from Japan to California.

A non-stop San Francisco-Sydney service is beyond the discussion stage.

It is on long voyages such as these that the dirigible easily eclipses the heavier-than-air clippers, which have to make so many landings and which are so affected by adverse weather.

Dirigibles revel in storm forecasts.

They detour and hug the edges, and thus make faster time, favoured by tail winds.

The old Graf Zeppelin’s record set many years ago of 3i days non-stop across the Pacific, from Japan to Los Angeles, still stands. It seems likely that it will not be broken until another Zeppelin gets going.

Tested Guadalcanal Gold

AREAS, B.S.I REPRESENTING an English company with a capital of £200,000, Mr. J.

G. Thomas arrived from the Solomons in the “Malaita” on January 29 for Melbourne.

He visited Gaudalcanal Island to test alluvial areas for gold. The results had been satisfactory, he said. In the near future an extensive system of dredging would probably be in operation.

Wireless Station For

PUKA PUKA.

From Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, Jan. 8.

WHEN the schooner “Tagua” sailed last month she had on board equipment for the new wireless station at Puka Puka, Northern Cooks. A locallytrained native operator will be in charge of the installation.

This new station having no commercial value is just another link in the chain of radio stations on remote islands of the South Seas for the use of future trans-Pacific air services, and they also will have their use in case of war.

Author R. D. Frisbie will not welcome this incursion of civilisation into his Islands paradise. 44 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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MURDER ON THE HIGH SEAS.

How The Brothers Rorique Were Trapped in Ponape In 1892.

BY A.C.R.

ON July 26, 1895, two men were embarked in the prison ship, “Saint Nazaire”, bound for Cayenne.

They had been condemned by the Tribunal Maritime of Brest to perpetual imprisonment in France’s South American penal colony, for piracy and murder on the high seas. They were enrolled there under the numbers 27029 and 27030.

They first appear in this history when, in the month of June, 1891, Captain Wohler, of the schooner, “Papeete”, while at Rarotonga, was requested by Messrs.

Lisle and Goodwin (merchants at Rarotonga) to take on his ship two wrecked French sailors who had arrived at th,e island a short time before. They gave their names as Alexandre and Joseph Rorique, and represented that they had been captain and first mate of the ship “General Bag”, which had been wrecked at Jaluit, in the Marshall Islands; they being the only survivors. From the Marshall Islands the two had made their way to Penrhyn and thence to Rarotonga, where they became warehousemen for Messrs. Lisle and Goodwin.

There was no truth whatever in this story of a wreck in the Marshall Islands.

In reality, they had come ashore, on December 25, 1890, at Penrhyn from the ship “Vagabond”, sailing from Sydney, having deserted the vessel at that island.

This was not known at Rarotonga at the time so Capt. Wohler accepted them on his schooner and transported them to Tahiti.

The Roriques lost no time in insinuating themselves into the good graces of the people of Tahiti.

HOW well they succeeded is witnessed in a letter written on May 28, 1892, by the Governor of that time, Monsieur Lacascade:—“The brothers Rorique, who speak fluently five languages, appear educated and have irreproachable manners, were recommended by Captain Wohler”.

Le Messager de Tahiti, in relating the horrible tragedy of the “Niuorahiti”, speaks of “the apparent poise, the social talents and the imperturbable politeness of the brothers, Rorique”—wh,o played one, the piano, the other, the flute. Captain Wohler learned that they could set a course, and steer a ship. There is not any doubt that they possessed scientific knowledge. They wrote French, in the style most pure. All of these qualifications recommended them to Captain Arnaud, who, sensing the advantages he could derive by employing such men, offered to establish them in one of the islands of which he controlled the traffic —th,e atoll Kaukura, in the Tuamotu archipelago.

There is no doubt that, during their sojourn together at Kaukura, the brothers Rorique conceived and perfected their plans for the piracy which has made their name infamous in the Pacific.

It was not long before Joseph, returned to Tahiti—alleging that there was not sufficient work for the two of them in Kaukura.

AT Papeete Captain Andre offered Joseph the post of first mate on his schooner, “Henri”. The “Henri” was on the point of departure when Alexandre arrived from Kaukura. He had frequent conversations with his brother, Joseph, on board the “Henri”, which lasted far into the night. Finally, Alexandre departed for Kaukura by another vessel while Joseph assumed his duties as mate on the “Henri”. During the voyage Joseph three times requested Captain Andre to call at Kaukura; but Andre, suspicious, refused and ordered his crew to notify him if the course of the vessel should be changed during the night.

Returning to Papeete, Joseph left Andre’s schooner and was offered the post of mate on the “Gabrielle”; but refused because, as he said, it was “too small”.

For a long time Joseph remained ashore until, one day, he was introduced to Monsieur Gibson, captain in fact, although supercargo in name, of the handsome schooner “Niuorahiti”.

“I engage you”, said Gibson. “At least. 45 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8,

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I shall have someone to whom I can speak English”.

The following day. Gibson conducted Joseph on board and introduced him to Tehahe, the captain; but hastened to add; “Do not trouble yourself about the captain. I have him on board because I cannot be captain myself. Not being a French citizen, I embark in the quality of supercargo. Nevertheless, everything will be between you and me”.

The “Nluorahiti” was a fine schooner of 50 tons and was owned by Prince Hinoi Pomare, nephew of the late King Pomare y She sailed from Papeete on December 15 1891 The first call was at Makatea.

After leaving that island, Joseph convinced Gibson that it would be to his interest to call at Kaukura. His brother, he said, was desirous of selling a cargo of Mother-of-Pearl shell.

THE “Niuorahiti” arrived at Kaukura on December 20. Alexander feigned to Ha thp Arrival of his brother. “I thought you were still with Captain Andre”, said he.

The same evening, Alexandre was invited to dinner on board. During the meal, he asked Gibson if he would allow him a passage to Fakarava. Gibson, who had no reason for refusing his request, consented and even offered to take him free of charge, Arrived at Fakarava, Alexandre pretende(j he had missed the mail from Tahiti anc [ begged Gibson to permit him to remain on board. The Roriques took luncheon with the Administrator, Monsieur Aubert. At evening, there was a party where the brothers distinguished themselves by their musical performance at the harmonica. During the night Joseph « as seized with chills and fever.

“What good fortune”, Gibson said to him, “that your brother is on board!” He was most happy to have with him so experienced a mariner. The following morning the schooner sail for Fakarava.

When she left Fakarava, the “Niuorahiti” had on board nine persons—the captain Tehahe Gibson the cook Mirey a hEtlf — c&sto), four H3,tiVo s&ilors, p&ss enger named Teteria, and the two Roriques* After having left a bag of mail at Kauhehi, the schooner set sail for the Island of Hao.

A clear night and a calm sea. Joseph, who had recovered from his pretended sickness, took the helm. The captain Tehahe, Gibson and Mirey went below to sleep. The crew were already asleep in their quarters forward. The sick passenger had not moved from his cabin. The two brothers Rorique, were alone on deck.

After some minutes, the captain Teha'he, complaining that his cabin was too hot, came on deck to sleep in the open.

AT ten o’clock that night, the supercargo Gibson and the cook Mirey were awakened by the sound of two gunshots. Gibson leaped out of bed and said to Mirey: “Pori (Mirey’s Tahitian name), did you not hear two revolver shots on deck?”

“Yes”, replied Mirey. “I will go up and find out the reason”.

“No, stay here”, ordered Gibson, “I will go myself”.

“What has happened?” asked Gibson, on arriving on the poop.

He had scarcely spoken these words when Alexandre came toward him and cried: “Ah, this is what I wish”, and at the same moment discharged his revolver full into the breast of Gibson. Gibson fell like a log to the’deck. Mirey, who had come some steps up the ladder, stood —his head just above the companion-way—terrorised by the spectacle before him.

Alexandre stood over Gibson, lying unconscious on deck, and shot him three times in the head, to finish him. Behind the body of the supercargo, Mirey perceived that of the captain, Tehahe, extended beside the skylight.

“Get below or I’ll kill you”, shouted Joseph to Mirey. Mirey obeyed.

The tw r o brothers then took up the two bodies and cast them, without ceremony, into the sea.

Having started in murder, the Rorique brothers pursued remorselessly their determination to eliminate all possible witnesses of their crime. Mirey they spared because he swore to be faithful to them inasmuch as (so he protested) he would be accused equally with them should they fall into the hands of the authorities, and, secondly, because they needed a cook. The sick passenger died the following day from poison placed by Alexandre in a bowl of nourishment.

The Roriques called the crew aft. “You have nothing to fear”, they said. “For we nurpose putting you on a desert island 46 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938.

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(Incorporated in Queensland) with plenty of food to last until you are rescued”. They further told the crew that the passenger had died of an infectious disease and must be put overboard at once. They read the burial service over the body before they consigned it to the waters of the ocean.

The next morning, Alexandre commanded Mirey to get a half bottle of rum from the cabin and give a glass to each of the four native sailors. Two of the sailors drank their rum, but the two others refused. Those who had taken the rum soon afterwards died in great agony.

“They have caught the contagious disease of the passenger”, said Alexandre, and ordered the bodies to be thrown overboard.

Six days followed without incident.

The “Niuorahiti’s” course had been set to the north-west, and she was beyond the limits of French Oceania. There was no land in sight. The nearest island, Penrhyn, was distant many hours of sailing.

AT midday, Alexandre suddenly ordered the two sailors to lower the jibsail. They obeyed, and slid out on the bowsprit to fasten down the sail.

At that moment, Joseph rushed forward, brandishing a revolver. The poor men on the bowsprit knew his intention and, rather than die as had Gibson and Tehahe, they leaped into the sea.

Alexandre, at the helm, did not even turn his head as the men floated by, nor did he change the course of the vessel.

A smile appeared on his lips. The last witnesses they feared were gone. Mirey they could spare because between them they could make sure he would not betray them. They could keep him in such terror that he would hold hjs tongue.

Besides, Mirey was an excellent cook, and they wished to enjoy a comfortable existence.

Their next task was to disguise the schooner. Alexandre painted over the black letters of the name on the bow and substituted the name “Poe”—which signifies, in the island dialect—a pearl.

Next, they erased the “Niuorahiti- Papeete” on the stem and painted the new name, “Poe-Rarotonga”, in its place. With materials they had at hand they made a flag of Rarotonga—two red bands horizontal, separated by a band of white, on which were sewn three blue stars.

While at Rarotonga they had possessed themselves of blank clearance forms and had carved a replica of the official stamp.

With these in hand, they had already forged complete clearance papers and other documents necessary to convince port Authorities that everything was in order. At the point of a pistol they compelled Mirey to sign on the crew roll as Polydore Dessard, born at Martinique.

The Roriques were now ready to carry out their further plans. Their first landfall was in the Gilbert Islands. The Gilberts were still under their native Kings. There were no critical inspections of the ship’s papers as the “Poe” entered the island harbours. It was not until the ship came to Ponape, in the Caroline Islands, that the real test came.

THE Caroline Islands were at that time under the" Spanish flagT Ponape was the seat of administration. When the “Poe” sailed into the harbour there were two Spanish gun boats anchored there.

The “Poe” dropped anchor at 10 a.m. near the Spanish cruiser “Dona Maria de la Molina”, At 11 o’clock the port doctor came aboard and asked to see the “Poe’s” certificate of health. Alexandre at once presented to him the false patent he had fabricated, on which were the visas of the islands he had previously visited. The doctor took some notes and said to Alexandre that the military Governor desired to see him during the afternoon.

At 2 o’clock Alexandre went to the residence. The Governor, who spoke English, wished to examine all of the ship’s papers. Alexandre promised to bring them the following day. The next morning he brought all the falsified documents to the Governor, who stamped and signed them with his visa without reading them.

Alexandre returned on board triumphant. He called Mirey. “Now, Pori”, he said, “we have nothing more to fear. All our papers have been found in order by the Governor”.

The next day Joseph said to Mirey: “Pori, wh,en we have finished dinner we will go ashore”.

Mirey heard this with secret joy, but he quieted all suspicion by again promising to say nothing of what had happened during the voyage. Ashore they repaired to a licensed hotel, kept by a German named Narruhn, where many officers of the Spanish military had gathered for refreshments. The officers invited Joseph and Alexandre to join their company. The two Roriques entertained 47 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 19 3 8

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MIREY, meanwhile, was seeking opportunity to separate himself from them and to denounce them to someone who could understand French. But the Roriques kept him under constant observation. Finally, at evening, Mirey said to Alexandre: “I think we must dine on shore for I have not time to prepare a meal on board”.

Alexandre consented, and directed Narruhn to set a table for three.

The wife of Narruhn was a Tahitian woman. Mirey knew that if he could speak to her alone he could accomplish his object.

The Roriques drank heavily at dinner and before the repast was finished both were intoxicated—so much so that Alexandre became sick and went out into the court. His brother soon followed him.

Now was Mirey’s opportunity. He beckoned to the wife of Narruhn. “Are you not of Tahiti?” he asked in the Tahitian dialect.

“Yes”, she responded, and added that she had even lived at Papeete.

Then Mirey, profiting by the drunkenness of the two brothers, begged the Tahitian woman to conduct him to the Spanish Governor, with her husband as interpreter, as he had a denunciation to make against the captain of the schooner for crimes committed on the high seas.

At that moment Joseph came staggering in from the court. He had overheard the conversation. Alexandre followed, and the two attempted to drag Mirey from the inn.

The Tahitian woman hurriedly told her husband what Mirey had revealed to her.

Narruhn intervened and, with a blow of his fist, knocked down first Alexandre and then Joseph—both being too intoxicated to offer any resistance.

Mirey was conducted before four officers of the Spanish infantry, together with, an interpreter, and there made his declaration in writing as to all that had transpired on the “Niuorahiti”. These accusations were so grave that the officers went at once to awaken the Governor, to inform him of what they had heard.

The Governor immediately ordered the arrest of the Roriques, who were thereupon seized, taken aboard the “Dona Maria de la Molina” and confined as prisoners.

The inquiry amply confirmed the accusations of Mirey. The prisoners were transferred to Manila, in the Philippines, and later turned over to the French authorities.

THE Roriques were tried before the Marine Tribunal at Brest in France and condemned to death. During the trial it was revealed that the name Rorique was assumed, and that the brothers were in reality, the scions of a noble and distinguished family of Belgium. Great influence was brought to bear and their sentences were commuted to imprisonment for life at Cayenne.

Alexandre died at Cayenne. Joseph was released in 1919. He is said to have embarked on an expedition to search for emeralds in Colombia, in the year 1926.

No details of the affair are available, but it is rumoured that he transgressed the laws of the country, was imprisoned and died there in mysterious circumstances. (Note.—The story of the Rorique Brothers, is, of course, well known to the older residents of Tahiti. The writer, however, has taken his history and some of his phraseology from the account “Les Freres Rorique”, par Rene La Bruyere, published in 1934.)

New Guinea Bounties For

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UNDER regulations gazetted on January 27, bounties paid by the Commonwealth Government on products of New Guinea and Papua for consumption in Australia have been extended for 10 years from January 1, 1938.

The items affected include cocoa beans, cocoa shells, fibres, coir, sago, bamboo and rattan products, spices and kapok.

The bounties on goods produced in these territories were first paid in 1936 and have operated ever since as an inducement for them to enlarge their trade with the Commonwealth. Rates of bounty are not specified in the regulations.

Mr. W. E. Bellingham, who # has been a miner in Papua for some years, arrived in Australia by the January “Macdhui”. He intends to settle down in Queensland.

Mrs. A. C. Turnbull, wife of the Acting Administrator of Western Samoa, arrived in New Zealand with her daughter Ruth from Apia by the January “Matua”. Miss Turnbull has become a pupil at Chilton-St. James College, Wellington. 48 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

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"THE HURRICANE" FILMED.

METRO-GOLDWYN-MAYER studio, which made such a success of “Mutiny on the Bounty”, written by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall, of Tahiti, recently completed filming a screen version of “The Hurricane”, Nordhoff and HalFs latest. Over £lOO,OOO was spent in its production in Am. Samoa and the United States, and previewers declare that the picture will be “the movie sensation of 1938”.

The players are Dorothy Lamour (of “Jungle Princess” fame), Jon Hall (screen name of a handsome, rippling muscled young man who lived his early years in Tahiti), Mary Astor (of “diary” notoriety), and C. Aubrey Smith (veteran Britisher).

Mr. A. W. Thomas, of Norfolk Island, accompanied by his two daughters, sailed from Sydney in January for New Zealand. His father, Sir A. P. W.

Thomas; Professor Emeritus, of Auckland University, N.Z., recently died, after a life-time devoted to biological research work.

Mr. L. Porteau, one of the pioneer planters in New Guinea in the German regime, died recently in Sydney.

Mr. N. S. B. Kidston, Secretary to the Government of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate, has retired from the Colonial Service.

Mr. Alec. W. Mortimer, who joined the Melanesian Mission in 1935, has resigned. He has been stationed in the British Solomon Islands.

Mr. Garth E. Walker, of Rabaul, has been appointed Clerk of the Legislative Council of New Guinea.

MANY men in this group will remember the occasion when it was photographed—Thursday Island, at Christmas, 1916. It was at a dinner given in honour of Joe Austen (formerly, Joseph Augustin de Paoli), who is seen in the centre, wearing a hat. Each Christmas, the T.I. Garrison carried Joe up the hill from the Grand Hotel, and, after the festivities, they took him home again. (Photo. by favour of Mrs. R. Gordon, of Port Moresby.) 49 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Officials Claim That Plan Is A Success.

THE first year’s operation of the Cook Islands orange trade (export to and sale in New Zealand) under Government control shows a profit of £1,538, for the period ended December 31 last.

The N.Z. Government advanced £lO,OOO for the operation of the control plan, and at December 31 the position was:— Assets: Cash, £6,093; shocks, £8,890; total, £14,984.

Commitments: Due to N.Z., £10,000; due to Rarotonga Treasury, £1,558; growers’ debts redemption fund, £957; due to shippers, £1,336; reserve fund, £427; total, £14,279.

This is held by the officials to be satisfactory; and they intend to carry on the control scheme vigorously during the current year. Growers in Aitutaki, Atiu, Mauke and Mangaia have agreed to create a fund for the purchase of boats, trucks, etc., for the operation of the fruit trade.

Levies of varying amounts, from 2d. to Bd. per case, are being made to meet Administrative costs, purchase of manures, packing shed facilities, insurance against shipwreck, etc.

“The genuine growers of the Cook Islands—and especially the outer islands —are behind the control scheme,” writes an official. “They ought to be. They have received regular, substantial payments in cash, better than the prices they previously received in ‘Kaiou’ (credit with the stores).

“Shipping was ever our great bugbear—a very real difficulty, and one that we will be faced with again this year.

“There is really a new spirit amongst the people in the Outer Group, which is manifested in great activities in road making to develop their fruit areas, and in other public works. Central packing sheds will be erected in April next at Aitutaki, Mauke and Atiu to replace former traders’ sheds, which were dispersed in various parts of the Islands.

“During a recent visit to Atiu the Commissioner opened no less than five new roads, and Mauke has now followed suit and built two magnificent roads across the Island. Jane Tararo Ariki, a fine young woman, headed the labour gangs in carrying stones with the best.

Men, women and children were all included, and the teams vied with each other in order to have their roads completed.

“At Atiu, the officials paid out £1,200 in one day, all in cash, and to the individual grower, and I assure you it was a wonderful sight to see these people with cash in their hands. Traders raked in good money against old debts that day. In Rarotonga there is considerable ‘opposition’ by a few, as you may imagine, and they are now attempting to carry it to the Outer Islands, but meeting with no success whatever.

“Some of the traders, seeing the benefit of control, are now coming into line; but one or two are going to die very hard.”

"AUBABA" GOES TO WAU.

From Our Own Correspondent.

WAU, Jan. 14.

ON December 29 and 30, Wau Musical Society presented a really wonderful performance of the pantomime “Alibaba and the Forty Thieves”.

Its presentation was remarkable when it is considered the number of makeshifts which had to be made in such a place as Wau in the way of properties, scenery, costumes, etc.

Every member of the cast filled his or her position brilliantly, and the whole production went with a swing and a glitter.

It would be invidious to single out any one person to offer praise to, but mention must be made of Major Berkeley Ayris, who produced the show and who has been the life and backbone of the Society. Mrs. Constance Hoile, who designed the scenery and costumes, also deserves special praise.

The cast was:—Alibaba (Hendy Humble), Cogia (Berkeley Ayris), Hamid (Frank Hoad), Morgiana (Nancy Beck), Cassim (Niell Proud), Zaida (Inez Beckett), Hassan (Charles Parker), Wawak (Colin Rees), Mukkadam (William Southcott), Mahbuba (Mae Looker), Marjanah (Marie Smith).

Mr. H. E. Woodman, of the District Services staff at Wewak, New Guinea, arrived in Australia by the January “Macdhui” on furlough. 50 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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WHEN Pitcairn Island became too cramped to meet the growing requirements of the descendants of the mutineers of H.M.S. “Bounty”, Queen Victoria displayed a singular interest in her new colony and relieved the tension by the bestowal of liberal concessions of land in Norfolk Island. By her gracious gesture, the Queen transformed a straggling and incoherent camp of refugees, in a small and lonely island, into a community of landed proprietors in what is now recognised as the Riviera of the S.W. Pacific.

Intermarriage with Europeans has gradually changed the character and physiognomy of the original settlers and given the race an individuality of its own, indigenous to Norfolk Island.

As might be conjectured from the idyllic environment in which they are set, ambition and initiative are not outstanding characteristics, but for natural charm and spontaneous hospitality the islanders enjoy a reputation that would be difficult to surpass.

Attracted by the unique climate and the unconventional ways of this island Arcadia, there has been a steady influx of immigrants from Australia and New Zealand, until to-day the population of 1,200 is pretty well divided between islanders and mainlanders, as the incomers are called. These mainlanders acquired holdings either by purchase from the Norfolk Islanders or by grants of Crown land, and in their new and pleasant surroundings they settled down as small farmer proprietors to exploit the agricultural resources of the island.

But, unfortunately, due to a variety of extraneous causes connected with export and an unfavourable tariff, their labours have not been very successful and, for the most part, they remain poor.

Under normal conditions, this island of perennial sunshine, with its cool and bracing climate, should have blossomed out as a premier health resort, while its historical and legendary associations should have invested it with a halo of romance and transformed it into a tourist wonderland. But an irksome sea journey, combined with a lack of landing facilities, rendered Norfolk Island largely inaccessible to the travelling public and allowed the islanders to pursue their leisurely manner of life, comparatively free from outside interference.

By the construction of a breakwater across the small islets near the township of Kingston, Norfolk Island could long ago have been provided with a safe harbour and landing jetties. But the islanders could see that such a harbour would completely change the character of their ancestral home. They preferred to retain their isolation and remain in a convenient and blissful inaccessibility.

But in spite of the inclinations of a people so happily circumstanced, Norfolk Island is about to lose its insular character, owing to the übiquitous aeroplane connecting it with Australia.

Though rising out of the sea in solitary grandeur, Norfolk Island is really the tail end of an archipelago stretching from New Guinea, through the Solomons and New Hebrides islands, and forming a natural rampart to the vulnerable N.E. coast of Australia. The Archipelago occupies a position of strategic importance, and as a link in the chain of aviation outposts, Norfolk Island will acquire a growing significance as one of the outer defences of the Commonwealth. The selection of a commodious and convenient site for an aerodrome and landing ground is already giving rise to much speculation among the islanders.

It is tolerably certain that civil aviation will hug the heels of the Defence Board operations and provide the travelling public with similar facilities for visiting the island. Instead of a protracted journey of five days by sea, the aeroplane will bridge the distance of 900 miles in a few hours, enabling passengers to breakfast in Sydney and 51 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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But it is certain that the advent of the aeroplane will change the character of the island and the outlook of the islanders. Incidentally, it will provide them with a solution to many of the troubles and marketing difficulties against which they have contended so long. Instead of being impecunious exporters, expending their energies in furnishing agricultural products for an uncertain and unsympathetic market in New Zealand or Australia, they will enjoy a lucrative employment in catering for the requirements of a home market necessitated by the influx of visitors from overseas.

Long before the completion of the breakwater, which the new Administrator has in contemplation, Norfolk Island will have assumed the regal position which nature and fortune designed for her as the Riviera of the South Western Pacific.—M.F.

Guarding Coconut

PLANTATIONS.

Tahiti's Stringent Regulations Against the Rhinoceros Beetle.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, Jan. 14.

AS the Union Line freight steamers call at Western Samoa and often at the Tongan Islands on their voyages from New Zealand to Tahiti, alarm has been aroused as to the possible introduction, by these carriers, of the dreaded rhinoceros beetle into the coconut plantations of French Oceania.

To protect the Colony from invasion by this pest, most stringent regulations have been enacted. The importation of plants, soil, sand, copra, grain, fruits, and vegetable products in general from Eastern and Western Samoa, Tongan Islands, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, Philippine Islands, Formosa, Cuba, Haiti, San Domingo, and Porto Rico has been interdicted.

All other cargo, parcels, and materials from these territories must be fumigated by hydro-cyanic gas before landing in Tahiti. A strict quarantine of the baggage, vestments, and personal effects of passengers will be enforced.

Ships from Samoa and Tonga must cease loading and unloading operations an hour before sunset, withdraw to an anchorage at least 400 metres distant from the quay, and remain there until an hour after sunrise. Palms of all varieties may not be cultivated within a radius of 400 metres of the quay of disembarkation at Papeete.

N.G. PUBLIC SERVICE.

THE following staff movements in • the New Guinea Administration were announced by the Government Secretary at Rabaul on January 15:— TRANSFERS.

Public Health: Dr. R. W. Schuch, Medical Officer, Kokopo to Rabaul; F. N. Green, Medical Assistant, Rabaul to Kokopo; C. B. Walsh, Medical Assistant, Rabaul to Wau.

District Services Dept.: W. M. English, Cadet, Rabaul to Kieta; J. L. Taylor, A.D.0., Manus to) Rabaul; E. L. Lownes, Clerk, Wewak to Rabaul: R. I. Skinner, Cadet, Rabaul to Madang; E. Taylor, D. 0., Rabaul to Salamaua; J. I.

Merrylees, D. 0., Rabaul to Wewak; B. F. Johnson. Clerk, Rabaul to Lae; S. H. Pilan, Clerk.

Rabaul to Wau; R. H. Boyan, Clerk, Rabaul to Wewak.

Agriculture Dept.; B. George, Inspector and Instructor, Rabaul to Kavieng.

Public Works Dept.: G. A. Beer, Foreman Carpenter, Rabaul to Wau.

Lands Dept.: L. H. Livingston, Surveyor, Rabaul to Salamaua.

TEMPORARY APPOINTMENTS.

Public Works: D. McD. Smith to be Foreman Carpenter; J. D. O. O’Neill to be Roadmaster; F. Wilson to be Overseer Native Labour; E.

Condren to be Bridge Carpenter.

Mr. M. Barnewitz, a pioneer miner in New Guinea, reached Sydney from Wewak on January 25 by the “Macdhui”.

He returned to N.G. by the same vessel on February 2. 52 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Rev. D. E. Ure, of Port Moresby, has been appointed Chairman of the London Missionary Society in Papua for 1938.

Mr. and Mrs. Ross Noonan, of Norfolk Island, reached Sydney by the “Morinda” on February 1 on their way to New Zealand.

Mr. C. L. Schrader, of Mount Isa, Queensland, has joined the Papuan Public Service as a draughtsman in the Lands Department, Port Moresby.

How Washington is Curbing Pan American Airways.

Disclosure of "Scheme" Behind Occupation of Howland and Jarvis Islands.

BY JOHN WILLIAMS.

NOW that more flights have been made between New Zealand and Hawaii by the American international company, Pan American Airways System, it is time the record of trans-Pacific aviation is kept straight by the telling of a story tucked away behind the scenes.

It reveals the long-sightedness of Uncle Sam’s watchdogs and why certain Pacific Isles, mere dots so long out of public mind, were hurriedly taken by America; it reveals, too, the tactics and technique of interlocked U.S. aviation interests.

Maybe the story will have a moral for Australasian statesmen, if they will read close enough between the lines.

The story starts early in 1934. Certain directors of Pan American were becoming privately interested in transpacific air routes. Outstanding among them was Donald W. Douglas, manufacturer of the aeroplanes which bear his name. Douglas and others on the Pan American board then had stock and interests in other American air companies.

This was not unusual. There was so much overlapping of these interlocked interests that President Roosevelt “disciplined” the industry and the bringing to the light of astonishing facts caused the U.S. press to dub the story “the airmail scandal”. The scandal incidentally reyealed that directors hatched schemes privately among themselves and then sold out options to the companies concerned —an old, old capitalistic trick.

Well, in 1934, certain Pan-American stockholders as a sideline had a scheme for the Pacific so nicely worked out that it was set down on paper, and it is upon a copy of this Proposal or Scheme that this story is based. (It had hardly been compiled before it fell into the hands of U.S. Federal agents, always on the alert in the most unexpected places.) PLAN FOR LANDPLANES.

THE Scheme discussed two routes: One from San Francisco to Sydney, via Honolulu, Jarvis Island, Pago Pago, Suva, and Auckland; and the other from A huge pig, roasted whole, now ready to be cut up for a native feast in Rarotonga, Cook Islands. 53 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8,

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“Bullivants, Ltd.” « Honolulu to Tokio, via Midway, Wake, and Marcus Islands, with a detour to Guam and Manila.

Landplanes, to be built by Douglas, were to be used, and the costs of the Scheme were based on the operation of Douglas landplanes, DC2’s to be exact. (All the successful Pacific flights up to that time had been in landplanes).

Because landplanes were to be used (the crews actually had been picked, on paper, for the surveys and service) islands suitable for them had been chosen.

Hence Jarvis and Marcus. The men who compiled the Scheme, incidentally, admitted in writing that Jarvis belonged to Britain. Marcus belongs to Japan.

The Scheme went into great detail: Promoters always are careful not to overlook selling points. The Scheme, in a few words, was to be an American invasion of British Colonial air routes, and, by getting in first, to establish monopolies. It held out such promise that, to quote the Scheme’s own words: “Mr.

Douglas would personally be willing to form a syndicate to carry out the surveys and to pay all costs of same with the understanding that, for the loan of a DC2 for the work by Transcontinental and Western Air (a major company interested in Douglas operations), they (TWA) would be given an option of taking over the work of the survey on completion at cost, plus a profit commensurate with the initial risks and outlay incurred The Scheme foresaw that the aerial invasion of Australasia would be more complete by inviting U.S. steamship companies, the Matson and Dollar interests, into the scheme. (To-day the Matson Line has $500,000 in the Pacific division of Pan-American.) It also foresaw eventual competition from Australian or British airlines.

So the Scheme said; “. . . The first company, however, to commence efficient operations on the routes will have a distinct advantage over a later competitor, by the leasing of the most advantageous intermediate points. . . It would seem logical to commence operations all the way to Australia and, when competition seems likely, then to assist a competitor who will be interested in the prevention of the duplication of services. . .

The Scheme introduced an interesting personal touch: . The proposed syndicate considers that for his efforts, Harold Gatty be granted an interest in the syndicate.

Gatty is still an Australian citizen, ideally situated to render valuable assistance in the development of the American line and, through his strong political connection in Australia, to later carry out the above programme”.

Whoever was responsible for the aviation details of the Scheme did not suspect actual Pacific conditions. One item alone reveals this. The Scheme claimed: “No icing conditions exist anywhere along the proposed Pacific routes”. The man who wrote that should do a bit of flying over the Pacific and learn about Polar fronts, nightmare icing conditions that have been discovered by aviators almost on the Pacific equator, and especially between Hawaii and California.

That covers the highlights of thie Scheme, the final draft of which bears the date of June 26, 1934.

CHECK FROM WASHINGTON.

NOW let us see what happened to the Scheme. First of all, the U.S. Government agents got busy. U.S. defence was the primary point. Army-navy officers ordered that Marcus Island would have to be excluded: it is Japanese-owned, and too near vital outlying U.S. defence points like Midway and Wake to be developed by a foreign power like Japan to aid private American interests. (The Scheme had unimaginatively said that Japan could be persuaded to operate in conjunction with the syndicate’s plans.) So Uncle Sam squashed the route from Wake to Tokio via Marcus.

Next, U.S. army forces were sent secretly, in a U.S. coastguard cutter, to Jarvis, Howland, and Barker, the equatorial islands, which, last had been occupied by British interests. Uncle Sam was determined that such handy islands to the Hawaii defence scheme would be his. So in March, 1935, U.S. army units occupied them.

However, this was done without the knowledge of the syndicate behind the trans-Pacific air Scheme. The syndicate, meanwhile, formed the Dr. Dana Coman Oceanographic Expedition in mid-1935 (he was with the First Byrd Antarctic Circus) and equipped the schooner “Kinkajou”, and parties of youths, with Pan- American Airways portable radio equipment.

The scheme was that the youths would be placed on Jarvis, Baker and Howland in the name of Dr. Coman, acting as a 54 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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ASBESTOS HOUSE, YORK ST., SYDNEY, N.S.W. (Box 3935 V., G.P.0., Sydney) blind for the syndicate. Then the syndicate was to obtain leases of the islands.

But Washington emphatically said “No!”

This angle gives the lie to the flaring newspaper stories about American “racing” Britain in the occupation of the islands. Uncle Sam simply forestalled these certain U.S. citizens. (The full inner history of this dramatic occupation of the islands must be kept, for the present.) At this time, too, Pan-American was planning trans-Atlantic dreams, which crashed—temporarily, for political reasons —and so the Martin clippers which were being built for the Atlantic came in handy for the Pacific Scheme. Washington had notified the syndicate, incidentally, that it would not accept Douglas landplanes for the proposed Pacific Scheme. The full Pan-American company, too, got wind of the Pacific syndicate’s plans and as a result of financial moves behind the scenes the company acquired the syndicate’s ideas. Pan-American, incidentally, has acquired a cut-and-dried technique for absorbing potential rivals, details of which are familiar to detached observers of the expansion of airlines about the Americas.

CHANGE-OVER TO PLYING-BOATS.

FORCED to use flying-boats, Pan-American agents lorthwith poo-hooed the idea that the company had ever intended to use Jarvis, Baker or Howland.

Government permission was obtained to use Pago Pago, and long-range flyingboats meant that Suva could be cut out on the way to Auckland. Uncle Sam, too, stepped in and placed Midway and Wake Islands under navy jurisdiction, just to curb the private air dreams. And in Hawaii, Uncle Sam is creating a flyingboat port which the company must use.

Uncle Sam believes in discipline.

John Bull’s family followed suit, with an Empire agreement which forestalled the company’s dream (see “P.1.M.”, Oct., 1937) of flying into Australia. More discipline!

The Scheme was being shot to pieces, although in 1935 the company’s agents were claiming that clippers would be flying into Auckland by 1936. Those were very confusing years. If the Scheme had been aired in 1934, all the Governments concerned might have got together and had clippers flying on the route long ago.

THAT is what is irritating official Washington: paid agents of a private enterprise attempting to commit foreign Governments like New Zealand to schemes which, would create dangerous monopolies and precedents. One result has been that, eventually, British planes •will duplicate the route from America to New Zealand; and this fact has greatly angered the Pan-American board, which dreamed of a fat monopoly.

In a few words, the 1934 Scheme unimaginatively took too much for granted, with the result that there is plenty more discipline going on behind the scenes in Washington to-day. It will dovetail to make still another story.

Meanwhile, the U.S. post-office has not granted a subsidy for the Auckland route.

Of course, Pan-American, including the men behind the 1934 Scheme, carry on with the route because they possess valuable “first in” assets on the route.

What have the Australasian Governments got to say about it, and about Empire solidarity? At least they might try to be as alert as Uncle Sam! He’s a streamlined horse-trader!

Tongan Attacks

POLICEMAN.

From Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Jan. 18.

WHILE he was being arrested to be committed to prison for non-payment of poll tax, a young Tongan, Tufui Sesele, attacked Constable Manu Mila with a knife. Although losing much blood from a gash in the palm of his right hand, Mila closed in with Sesele and, after a short struggle, overpowered him.

This is the first occasion in Tonga that a police officer has been attacked while making an arrest.

At the annual general meeting of the Norfolk Island Association in January, Mr. W. M’Lachlan was re-elected President for a further period of 12 months; Mr. Fairfax L. Quintal was elected Hon. Secretary; and Mr. J.

Baird, Hon. Treasurer. 55 Pacific Islands Monthly, January 24, 193 8

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DOGS AND PIGS.

Create Havoc In Fiji.

ON the island of Viti Levu, on which Suva is situated, and on the islands of Vanua Levu and Taveuni, next in size and importance, two entirely opposite problems exist regarding wild pigs and wild dogs. On Viti Levu wild dogs create a nuisance around the towns and considerable havoc in the country among poultry and livestock, and it was stated in the Legislative Council that one estate owner poisoned no less than 1,580 of them.

The prevalence of dogs is due very largely to the fact that Indians, of whom there are 85,000 in the Colony, generally keep a dog or two. Where in a European community unwanted pups would be eliminated, the Indians permit them to remain. This is due to religious principles held by many Indians, which forbid them to kill animals, and the result is a steady increase in stray dogs, many of which eventually go wild.

The demand from Viti Levu for a higher dog tax immediately raised opposition from Vanua Levu and Taveuni, where the plantation owners are menaced by wild pigs, and where dogs are valuable in keeping the pigs down.

Mr. Percy McConnell, of Mount Vernon Estate, Taveuni, said that on his property thousands and thousands of nuts are eaten each year by wild pigs which, he stated, go from tree to tree, husk the nuts, and crunch, up the shells.

Young coconut trees and vegetable patches are rooted up as soon as they are planted. The breeding of goats had to be given up on account of the fact that the kids were eaten as fast as they were born. He also stated that on the adjoining estate 500 pigs had been killed within the space of 12 months, while on his own estate approximately 1,500 pigs had been killed within the past five years.

The dogs they use are imported and are fed on rice and biscuits. They claimed that the imposition of higher taxes would handicap them in their efforts to keep down the pigs. It has been suggested to the Government that a solution of the problem would be a high dog tax on Viti Levu, where there are wild dogs but few wild pigs, and a much lower one on the islands where pigs are a menace and where there are few wild dogs. It is anticipated that mis proposal will be adopted.—N.Z.

“Herald.”

French Warships Pacific

CRUISE.

IN the course of a world cruise, with 140 midshipmen aboard, the French naval vessel “Jeanne d’Arc” reached Sydney from the Dutch East Indies on February 2. She remained in port for 13 days and then sailed for New Zealand on her way back to France. En route to Panama Canal, she will visit New Caledonia, New Hebrides, American Samoa, Tahiti, and the Marquesas Group.

Well-Known Resident

OF PAPEETE.

Mrs. A. C. Dickson, 8.A., Dip. Ed. (Oxon.), headmistress of the Suva Girls’ Grammar School, and her daughter Joy arrived in Victoria in January. Miss Dickson is now undergoing a special course at Melbourne University.

Mr. Arthur Brander, of Papeete, Tahiti, a member of one of the best known families in Eastern Polynesia. 56 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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New Aids for Aviation.

THE year 1937 was marked by noteworthy developments in the Australian and Pacific Islands radio services conducted by Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia), Ltd. More progress was made in the application of wireless to aviation than in all previous years combined. The controlling authorities have now inaugurated a policy which dissociates flying from dependence upon visible landmarks in favour of reliance upon series of radio-beacons and twoway communication between ’plane and aerodrome.

Radio telephony and telegraphy are being installed at all the principal aerodromes (including Pt. Moresby and Salamaua), and upon all passenger-carrying ’planes in order that the pilot or radio officer may communicate at all times with ground officials who keep him advised as to the weather ahead and give him instructions in regard to landing. He is furnished also with meteorological information which enables him to avoid an unfavourable wind or to take advantage of one that is travelling with him. He is told where he may meet a rainstorm or bank of clouds and whether he should fly higher or lower to avoid them.

RADIO BEACONS.

Under contract from the Civil Aviation Board, A.W.A. is to install radio transmitting and receiving equipment at every capital city in Australia and at several points on the overland journey between Sydney and Cooktown on the N.G. route. The company is also providing radio course beacons over the main routes at intervals of about 200 miles.

These beacons have brought about a further technical advance in radio manufacture in Australia. They operate on the ultra short wave of 9 metres, emitting a beam-like radio signal, which the approaching or receding pilot keeps straight in front or behind until he either reaches his destination or picks up the next beacon on his course. Associated with the radio course beacon is the marker beacon, which is a ray thrown straight up into the air from a station erected at an aerodrome. The pilot knows from his instruments when he enters the marker ray which means that he is immediately above the marker and that the landing place is beneath, even though the ground may be concealed by fog or rain.

RADIO-PHONE SERVICE, Another notable development in radio eommunication during the closing year was the opening of the A.W.A. radiotelephone service between Sydney and New Guinea. Owing to the tropical and equatorial areas to be traversed by the wireless channels, considerable technical difficulties were involved in this service, but these were surmounted and the Rabaul-Sydney telephone circuit became the fourth overseas service of the kind from Australia. The others are Sydney- London, Sydney-Java, and Sydney-New Zealand.

BROADCAST STATIONS.

A.W.A.’s fourth short-wave broadcasting station of world range was brought into operation in 1937. It was VK6ME Perth, companion station to VPD2 Suva, VK2ME Sydney and VK3ME Melbourne. These shorti-wave stations have carried Australian news and influences into every country in and bordering on the Pacific.

Ten years have passed since A.W.A. radiated from VK2ME the first Empirewide radio programme. To-day the programmes of four long distance stations are an A.W.A. contribution to the publicising of the Commonwealth in the outside world.

Wireless manufacture in Australia has made definite strides and 1937 was noteworthy for the advent upon the air of by far the most powerful broadcasting 57 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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station in the Southern Hemisphere.

Station 2YA Wellington, designed and manufactured by Amalgamated Wireless, has a power of no less than 60,000 watts in the aerial, which is ten times as great as the power of the largest broadcasting station in Australia. The completion of this giant transmitter, which is equal in magnitude to any in the British Empire and ranks among the greatest in the world, is final evidence that the Commonwealth has reached the stage where it can be considered self-contained so far as wireless manufactures are concerned.

PROGRESS AFLOAT.

In every direction wireless has had 12 months of steady progress. Fourteen ships were fitted with medium or medium and short-wave communication facilities; seven had radio-telephony added. A.W.A. also equipped three Islands vessels and an Australian trawler with recording echometer depth-sounding devices which show continuously the depth of water beneath the ship’s keel. Direction finding gear has been included in the equipment of other vessels.

A number of small schooners, notably those built in Australia for use in connection with the search for oil in Papua and New Guinea, were also equipped with Amalgamated Wireless radio apparatus.

TELERADIO IN ISLANDS.

During the year there was a great increase in the so-called “teleradio” sets used in isolated places in Papua, New Guinea, Fiji, and the interior of Australia.

As a means of breaking down the great distance which separates residents, A.W.A. has introduced small portable wireless sets which keep residents in touch with one another and with centres of civilisation. About 100 teleradio sets are now in operation, and they have been found invaluable not only to prospectors, planters, and others of fixed abode, but to explorers, patrol parties, and travellers generally. In innumerable cases, medical aid has been obtained by means of teleradio in circumstances which otherwise would have precluded the securing of outside assistance.

OVERSEAS MESSAGES.

New records have been created in the exchange of communications by radio.

The figures for 1937 are'not yet complete, but those for the 12 months ended June 30 last show that the Beam traffic exceeded the figures of the previous year by 14,280,335 words to 12,776,890. Taking all the radio telegraphy services combined there was an advance from 16,- 877,767 words to 18,461,734. The detailed figures give an impression of the magnitude of the wireless ramifications of A.W.A.

CREATING A TRADITION.

Although radio is a comparatively new science, already a high tradition of public service is being built up. This tendency was well marked during the volcanic eruption and earthquake at Rabaul in May last, when the officers of the wireless station stuck to their posts in particularly trying circumstances.

Both at the transmitting station and the operating station of A.W.A. the operators remained on duty until the lights went out, the electricity supply failed, and the equipment became choked with falling ashes. Even so, they were on the job again at next daybreak and by dint of almost superhuman efforts restored the plant to action and re-established communication with Australia using temporary equipment.

RECEPTION COMMITTEE.

SIDELIGHTS ON COLOGNE.

MANY Islands residents visiting Europe pay a call at Cologne, Germany—home of the famous “Eau de Cologne”. The city has a fascinating historical background. In the very early days it was a Celtic fortress and some research workers have advanced the theory that the name Cologne was derived from the Celtic word “ceall”, meaning a place of refuge. Later the Roman legions had a fortified camp (Colonia Agrippina) at the same place, on the banks of the Rhine. ‘‘Eau de Cologne” is inseparably linked with the historical city. The first known manufacturer of this wonder water called his product “Aqua admirabllis”, later translated into French as “Eau admirable de Cologne”, which again was abbreviated to the present designation. Incidentally, “4711” is not the 4711th recipe of that famous Eau de Cologne brand, but the former number of the old “4711” Headquarters in the Glockengasse or Bell Alley of the ancient Rhenish metropolis.—• Fly River natives, Papua, lined the banks when they saw the first seaplane land in front of their village. In the background is the Dubu (communal house). 59 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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A NEW WHARF.

Lautoka's Pressing Need.

Prom Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Jan. 25.

THOUGH there are unmistakable signs that Lautoka, on the North-west coast of Viti Levu, is becoming a flourishing centre, there is some discontent among residents because the Government has neglected for so long to provide a new wharf.

The principal sugar port of the Group, Lautoka is visited by a good deal of shipping, but so bad is the congestion that vessels frequently have to delay their arrival, owing to lack of wharf accommodation.

Residents point out that a new mining field was recently proclaimed several miles inland from Lautoka and that the demands of this field will further increase the shipping traffic at the port.

This year promises to be a bumper one for Lautoka—there is much activity within and outside the town, and buildings are going up apace. The main job is the erection of the new buildings to house the pineapple canning machinery for the Colonial Sugar Refining Co.

Messrs. Bums Philp (South Sea) Co. who recently finished building their new large bulk store, are going ahead rapidly with a new copra shed and new office premises. In addition, there are several independent stores and a garage nearly completed.

Fiji’s sugar allocation for 1937-38, under the recommendation of the Permanent Advisory Committee of Colonial Sugar Products, is 135,000 long tons.

Prominent Indians

IN FIJI.

From a Special Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 4.

THREE, brothers well-known throughout Fiji are shown in the photograph below: th,ey are (from left to right) Messrs. Farm Anand Singh, C. Chattur Singh, M.L.C., and Gajadhar Singh.

Acknowledged to be the most prominent Fiji-bom Indian leader in the Colony, Mr. C. Chattur Singh is Indian elected member for the North-Western Division in the Legislative Council. Taking a keen interest in the welfare of the Indian community, he has been connected with most of social and political organisations in Fiji since 1916.

The first Fiji-born Indian to join the N.Z. Expeditionary Forces for active service overseas, Mr. Gajadhar Singh is the second eldest of the Singh family.

Entering the Fiji Civil Service in 1919, he was for some years a clerk attached to the District Commissioner’s office in various parts of the Colony. ,He was transferred to Suva in 1932 as clerk of the Magistrate’s Court, and more recently was promoted to the Registrar-General’s Department.

Educated in Fiji and New Zealand, Mr. Farm Singh followed in his eldest brother’s footsteps in politics and other matters connected with the advancement of the Indian community. When the political franchise was first extended to Indians in 1929, he contested and won a seat in the Legislative Council, at the ’age of 26. However, he later resigned with the two other Indian members as a protest against the Council’s rejection of the Indians’ demand for a “common roll”. Although pressed on several occasions, he has since declined to stand again for election to the Council, and his brother, Mr. C. Chattur Singh, now represents the Division* 60 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

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GIANT RAYS.

Fiji Fishermen's Experiences.

Letter to the Editor.

A FEW years ago when working for a well-known trader in the Yasawa Group, Mr. Arthur Robinson, we had the following experience off the island of Naviti.

We put out a turtle net measuring 150 yards by 50 yards off the shore, right in front of the store. A five-gallon oil drum was placed in the centre and 20 odd kerosene tins at intervals along the top of the net to keep it afloat. Early next morning, I looked out and was surprised to see only the oil drum floating. Going into the dwelling house I awoke Mr. Robinson and together we went out in a dinghy to investigate.

Nary a turtle was there, but no less than nine “saga sagenas” (manta rays) were entangled in the net. As it was impossible to disentangle them out there, we cut the net into nine pieces, and towed each piece ashore—a full day’s work, with labour. The biggest “saga” measured 20 ft. across from tip to tip of the wing. Mr. Robinson took a photograph of the writer sitting in its mouth, but, unfortunately, this snap has been mislaid.

These rays appear to be harmless, having a fairly wide mouth with no teeth and a short flipper on either side of the head. As each one was freed from the meshes of the net, it was great fun to * watch, the natives taking a ride on its back as it made straight out to sea and freedom again. This episode cost Mr.

Robinson the value of the net, some £4B odd.

Another experience befell us at the same place—one which I am sure neither he nor I would care to have happen again.

Being inveterate fishermen, we decided to go out one dark night, in a little eight-foot dinghy. Anchoring where we had met with varying success on previous occasions, we fished for half an hour or so, with a few to our credit. Then suddenly there was a jerk, and the dinghy started to move out to sea at a fair rate. We each thought that th,e other had hooked a “big ’un”, but when we discovered that such was not the case, it was time for quick thinking.

Our thoughts naturally turned to severing the anchor line but, unfortunately, we had a chain fastened to the anchor instead of a rope; therefore severing it with a knife was out of the question.

Then, just as suddenly as it started to move, the dinghy stopped and we were free. We must have broken all existing records in the half mile pull back to the shore. The only explanation we could think of, for being so suddenly towed out to sea, was that a manta ray, swimming leisurely along the bottom, had got the fluke of our anchor caught on one of its wings, or possibly in its mouth.

Feeling the sudden jerk, it had made all haste out to sea, with us in tow.

Mr. Robinson never talks much about tips episode, the reason being that people think he “stretches” this yarn. However, I was the other occupant of the dinghy and can vouch for it.

Has any other reader of the “P.1.M.” had a similar experience with these denizens of the deep?

I am, etc., TUI YASAWA-I-LAU.

Yasawas, Fiji. 16/1/1938.

The famous Finnish barque “Pamir” will not take part in this year’s grain race—she will load manganese ore at Noumea, New Caledonia, for Europe.

Fijian Gives £200 Church to Methodist Mission.

A REMARKABLE example of the way in which natives respond to the Christian teachings of the Missions was provided recently in Fiji.

A middle-aged native, Josateki Vetewa, conceived the idea of building a church for presentation to the Methodist Mission—the whole cost to be borne by himself! By industry and frugality, he raised £2OO. Then, consulting a carpenter friend, Apisai Bakabaka (who had been trained by the well-known Suva builders, Whan Construction, Ltd.), they together designed a church building and bought the materials at Lautoka.

With such assistance as the townspeople could give them, they erected at Navata, Colo West, a church, 36 by 18 on concrete blocks, with porch and suitable ornamentation, coloured wondows, a pulpit, and communion rail.

Farming Machinery For

THE ISLANDS.

CULTIVATION by Animal Draught” Is the title of a catalogue just issued by Messrs.

Ransomes, Sims, and Jeffries, Ltd., Ipswich, England, showing their wide range of agricultural implements. The brochure is richly illustrated with photographs from all over the world, including the South Seas, depicting Ransomes ploughs at work. The 66 pages of the catalogue are packed with information regarding the latest equipment and developments in farming machinery. Pacific Islands readers may obtain a copy of the booklet by writing to Messrs. Ransomes, Sims, and Jeffries.—* 61 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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MORRIS, HEDSTROM LTD. - Suva, Lautoka and Ba Mad© by: RANSOMES, SIMS & JEFFRIES, LTD., IPSWICH, ENGLAND Archbold Party Expected in Papua in March MR. RICHARD ARCHBOLD, the wealthy young research associate of the American Museum of Natural History, is expected to arrive in Papua at th,e end of March in his new flying-boat specially constructed for a nature survey of British and Dutch New Guinea for the Museum. He is personally financing the trip.

With his assistants Mr. Archbold will fly a large Consolidated PBY-I flyingboat. He was originally the owner of a flying-boat of this type which was bought by Sir Herbert Wilkins for his flight to th,e Arctic regions in the search for the lost Russian fliers.

Mr. Archbold is now having another boat built for the flight to Port Moresby via Hawaii, Wake, Midway and Guam Islands. Latest advices state that the new flying-boat is now practically completed. It is of the very latest type for research work.

Mr. Archbold proposes to fly the airboat from Papua to Melbourne so that Air Board and Civil Aviation officials may inspect it. The expedition will spend several months in the South Seas.

Mrs. Emily Sprott, of Santa Isabel, Solomon Islands, who has served the Melanesian Mission in the Group for over 20 years, is at present spending furlough in England.

Wilisoni Inia and Delana Kama, Fijian Methodist teachers, arrived in Sydney by the “Aorangi” on January 22. They will carry out deputation work in Australia for the Methodist Mission.

TONGAN'S FRAUD.

How a Native Lived Luxuriously On "Easy Money."

From Our Own Correspondent.

NUKUALOFA, Jan. 13.

AT the General Sessions of the Supreme Court in December, a Tongan, Benisimani Latuselu, was found guilty of fraudulent conversion of property for his own use, and was sentenced to four years’ imprisonment. Before passing sentence, the Chief Justice said that this was one of the worst cases of fraud in Tonga.

From 1931 to 1937 the accused was in charge of a labour gang working on the wharf. Instead of giving his labourers their earnings, he persuaded them to leave their money with him to accumulate for the purpose of paying their taxes. With this money, he purchased a car in 1932 and a new Ford V 8 lorry in 1935. His mode of living underwent a complete change—he discarded his native loincloth for more expensive European suits and a cigar was substituted for the native cigarette. In short, he led the life of a well-to-do European. , Last year a number of his labourers were committed to prison for non-payment of tax in respect of periods ranging from one to five years. These labourers complained against Latuselu and the police commenced their investigation, which culminated in this charge of fraud.

It came out in evidence that Latuselu paid £1,500 to one firm alone in respect of accounts during the period of four years (1932-1935), and he also dealt with other firms as well. From this an idea may be formed of the considerable amount of money that went through his hands; but like all “easy money”, it slipped away as quickly as it came —at the time pf his trial Latuselu was insolvent.

DEATH OF NOTED N.G.

MISSIONARY.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, Jan. 12.

THERE was much regret expressed in Rabaul last month at the passing of Father Otto Meyer, of the Sacred Heart Mission, who died on board the “Nellore” on his way back to the Territory after receiving medical attention in Australia.

Anthropology lost one of its keenest followers with his death. Rev. Meyer >was well-known in Europe where his scientific articles on native culture, bird life, and fish had won him recognition as an authority on New Guinea matters.

Visiting scientists, research workers, and students seldom missed the opportunity of meeting him at his station on Watom Island.

A German, Father Meyer was born in 1877 and came to New Britain after he was ordained in 1902. His 36 years of missionary endeavour were spent on the North Coast and at Watom. 62 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

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Cables : "Kopsen," Sydney. 7 0 CLARENCE STREET SYDNEY Phone :BW 1114 (3 lines) AN OLD C.I. CUSTOM.

The steamer “Beulah” (Flood Bros.

Line), a well-known freighter in the South Seas, recently ran on the rocks off the coast of British Colombia, Canada.

She was refloated and taken to Victoria, where she later sank when tied up alongside a dock.

The Brain Of The

NATIVE.

By a Medical Correspondent.

MANY white residents in the Western Pacific are of opinion that the Melanesian native’s brain is so constructed that it fails to function in the way expected of it. This opinion is quite correct; the grey matter of th,e savage, or his half-civilised descendent, differs very markedly from that of the European.

Recent investigations in British East Africa have brought to light some remarkable features in the physical structure of the brains of natives, which must have a powerful effect on character and may convince those who are assisting in native education that an overhaul of their methods is desirable.

The human brain shows a racial variation in size, weight, and microscopic structure. The Caucasoid (white) race has the largest and heaviest brain, followed in order by the Mongol (yellowbrown), East African, Negroid, and Australoid. These facts have been known for some time, but additional knowledge of the intimate structure of the brain has now been added.

In the forebrain are three distinct layers, each with a different function.

The layer which deals with, the higher functions of will, intelligence, and control of the emotions and instincts reaches a greater development in the Caucasoid brain than in any other. Conversely, the layer of cells governing representation of the animal instincts, reproduction, and self-preservation is found to be greater in the native. A middle layer, dealing with, perception of sensations, is almost equal in the two types, the Caucasoid being slightly in advance.

This proved that the animal instincts of uncivilised people, which we know to be a dominating influence in the general racial character, is in reality due to an anatomical excess from which there can be no escape. A still more technical survey of the structure revealed the fact that only six per cent, of native brains approach in quality that of the European, and not one was above the average.

The “British Medical Journal”, commenting on these striking facts, sums up as follows: “Educational authorities dealing with backward native races cannot afford to neglect the teachings of anthropology and psychology. If it is proved that the physical basis of “mind” in the native differs from th#t of the European, it seems possible that efforts to educate these backward races on European lines will prove ineffective and possibly disastrous. It has long been recognised among highly civilised races that the educational methods applied to the normal child cannot be applied to the backward and defective”.

It cannot be doubted that our present methods of educating natives require revision, for the results h#ve often proved them to be unsound. At the same time, no one can deny the rapid progress in the control of animal instinct that contact with Europeans has produced in our South Sea subjects. Two generations has in many instances turned a race of cannibals into decent members of society.

Mr. J. N. Marshall, of Oil Search Ltd., reached Sydney in January from Wewak, T.N.G., on short leave.

It is the native custom, in the Cook Islands, to place his most treasured possessions upon the grave of a deceased person. Thus, one may see sewing-machines, phonographs, typewriters, etc., patiently rusting away. In the above photograph, taken in Rarotonga by W. H. Watson, one sees a large iron bedstead that has been placed upon a grave in the bush. 63 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Devoted L.M.S. Teacher'S

DEATH.

From a Special Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Feb. 4.

AFTER a three-weeks’ illness, Miss Emmie Winifred Riley, 8.A., of the London Missionary Society, died in Port Moresby on January 14, aged 31.

Born in South Australia, Miss Riley graduated at the Sydney University, and then joined the L.M.S. in 1931, serving as leader of the kindergarten department and head of the school for Papuan girls. In a brief period of six years, she left her mark for good on her colleagues and the Papuans alike. She was a most able teacher and trainer of teachers. Her school at Port Moresby had a tone about it that could only have been achieved by a combination of professional skill and high Christian idealism.

An evidence of Miss Riley’s devotion and ability is to be seen in the production of a book of Sunday School Lesson Notes for Papuan Teachers, most of the work for which she did during her last furlough. Native girls whom she trained are taking their place in the Papuan educational system, and show evidence that they mean to carry out in their village schools the ideals she kept steadfastly before them.

Pattern Service

\A/E have arranged with a well-known Sydney * firm of pattern-cutters to publish each month a diagram of a seasonable frock, patterns of which may be obtained by our readers direct from this office, post free, on payment of the sum stated under the diagram. Address your letter to “Pattern,” Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, Sydney, and enclose a note giving the number of the pattern wanted and bust size, and enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps. The pattern will be sent by return mail. 4339.—8ack extends over the shoulder; on to this the front is attached with gathers. Waist is defined with a material belt. Sleeves may be worn in long or shorter length. Patch poc* kets and the large fastening buttons add greatly to the appearance. Material (for 36 in. bust): 3Vt yds. 36 ins. wide; y 2 yd. extra —long sleeve. Bust sizes 32 to 40 ins.

Mr. and Mrs. T. G. Aitchison, returned to New Guinea by the February “Macdhui”. Mr. Aitchison is an A.D.O. in the New Guinea Administration, and, before his leave, had been stationed in the Ramu District.

Mr. and Mrs. C. B. Andrews left Sydney on February 2 for the Morobe goldfield, New Guinea. Mr. Andrews is a consulting engineer, and will inspect the Bulolo Gold Dredging plant.

Miss Kitty Smith, of Roseville, N.S.W., sailed from Sydney on February 2 by the “Macdhui” for Rabaul, New Guinea, where she was to be married to Mr.

E. A. Hawnt.

House Frock, 4339—1s. 1d. 64 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

These Bills Are

Surprisingly Low

I Thought Nice Meals

WERE EXPENSIVE.

Mrs. Brown

TOLD ME

How To Make

ECONOMICAL

Dishes Taste

EXPENSIVE

With, Foster

Clarks Custard

- S, i> !!'!!!

Clever Mrs. Brown! She knows that Foster Clark’s creamy Custard can be used in dozens of delightful dishes. It also improves the flavour and health-value of all stewed fruits, puddings and pies.

Always ask for Foster Clark’s Custard. Refuse cheap imitations.

Am Write for Elizabeth Craig’s FREE Recipe Book to Foster Clark (Aust.) Ltd., Department R. 8., Redfern. N.S.W.

Enclose id. stamp for postage.

V759A Foster Clark's creamy CUSTARD

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u&tte Fashion Hints for Islands Women By Therese.

QUALITY rather than quantity is an adage that every woman should do well to remember, for by rigid adherance to this rule her reputation for chic will be enhanced. Good foundations can be gayed up in so many ways by the charming accessories that are offered nowadays, that a careful choice of these will give a small wardrobe endless possibilities, Plain frocks top themselves with printed boleros, and swathe their waists with gaily patterned sashes. When printed frocks are worn, plain sashes and accessories take pride of place.

A navy frock with finely pleated bodice and skirt swathes its waist with a spotted sash of navy and white. A navy hat with tie-ends is worn and the accessories match up. A starched lace frock takes unto itself a flaring bolero and trims its bodice with innumerable tiny buttons; and beige lace of this variety offers infinite possibilities for varied colour schemes. Allied to leaf green—a sash and a wide green hat—it looks delightfully cool and attractive.

A coral frock patterned in black and white adds a little white jacket, and pins a posy of coral and black flowers at the neckline. The skirt swings wide and the sash ties in front for a change.

Shirring is flattering and the square neck is new, so that a frock combining these features will be one of the smartest of the season. All sorts of necklines are favoured, and there is no necessity to follow sla\dshly one particular idea that might appeal but is entirely unsuited to your type, Very simple and soft, and useful through the hottest days is the frock with the gathered shoulder and deep V-neckline.

Flowers are its only note of adornment, Washable materials are important in the tropics and practically all the materials offered by the manufacturers possess this virtue, even to the gaily patterned ones printed in four or five colours, There is youth in every line of the dirndl, or peasant frock, with its full skirt and quaint peasant air, and when evolved in one of the attractive printed muslins or self printed organdies in pastel shades it is really delightful. This is a style that can be readily adapted to both day and evening wear with great success. A little of the fullness is dispensed with in the daytime version. If worn for beach or sporting occasions, a peasant handkerchief keeping straying locks under control is a fitting accompaniment, Widely spaced splashy chiffons are at their loveliest for formal wear, and a flowered dress of cobalt blue, patterned in blue and rose, has a high draped neckline and below the elbow sleeves. Gored fullness gives a lovely swing to the skirt.

Quaintly patterned linens are made on tailored lines, their gay colourings obviating any necessity for further trim. Piccaninnies with gaily coloured mammy turbans grin cheerfully from the white ground of a shirtmaker frock of this material.

A sheer that will give yeoman service for formal and informal occasions is made with a tailored pleated skirt, crisp sleeves, and flattering white collar.

Shadow organdie frocks with a tiny design printed in a lighter shade, are really exquisite. Made with the full swing skirt, over a taffeta foundation, full puff sleeves, and tight little bodice, they are ideal for the ingenue. A more modified version makes a formal afternoon frock which, when worn with a picture hat and clusters of flowers, is the envy and admiration of all who behold its crisp perfection.

Taffetas are still worn for evening and the fullness demanded for this type of material is gained by gores that swish widely in the back of the skirt. Coats and jackets are made of taffetas and make cool wear for tropical nights.

Bolero jackets are worn over backless 65 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

‘‘ALNWICK”

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If you suffer from Headache, Rheumatism, Heat Exhaustion, Nervous Irritability, Sleeplessness, or any nerve or muscular pain, get a packet of Vincent’s A.P.C. Powders or Tablets and take them as directed. You will be more than satisfied at the speedy, effective relief Vincent’s A.P.C. brings. Vincent’s A.P.C. can be taken with perfect safety, as it does not affect the heart or leave any after-effects.

FOR SAFETY’S SAKE, SAY ” VINCENT’S A. P. C.” pk frocks, and boast puff sleeves. A mauve chiffon swings wide with the dance, and is held aloft by tiny straps. A huge cluster of violets trims its low V-decolletage and single violets are scattered over the skirt. A top-knot of the same flowers perches jauntily on the head.

Colour combinations are cleverly adapted for evening wear. An evening frock has a slim black skirt, flaring at the back, a softly gathered coral bodice, and a widely swathed green sash falling in a panel to the hem of the skirt. Sheath gowns are coming into their own again—column slim, with the fullness beginning from below the knees at the back. The newest form-fitting frocks swirl their fullness all round from below the knees.

The march of time with its wars and rumours of wars has a wide influence on our choice of headgear, and coolie hats, sombreros, and all sorts of quaint headgear appear on Fashion’s horizon.

Hats rise or fall to suit one’s every mood, and plateau hats are extremely popular. Veils more than ever are part of feminine hat fashions, and these are arranged in new and subtle ways, swathed round and tied in a perky bow at the side.

Brims are important and material hats are made in adaptable styles to suit the occasion.

Mower-trimmed hats with chin straps are further vagaries; but if you have the slightest suspicion of a square chin, avoid them like the plague. You may be proud of your determination, but it is not always wise to draw attention to tell-tale features.

Cocktail and evening hats are frivolous and charming, and are made of whisps of material twisted and swathed, and sometimes flower-trimmed.

Large hats of the picture variety are flower-trimmed, and the really broad brimmed sailor is the essence of chic when one large bloom relieves its tailored simplicity.

Annabella hats are still with us; but their popularity sounded their death knell and in a short while they will be seen no more. They will, however, be the foundation for new and youthful styles.

New Nurses' Quarters

AT SUVA.

From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, Feb. 7. rR many years past complaints have been voiced about the inadequacy of the European nurses' quarters at the Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, and in June last a start was made with, the erection of a substantial reinforced concrete building.

Very fine progress has been made with the building, which has three storeys at one end and two at the other.

It will be finished about the middle of this year. From appearances the building should be a comfortable well ventilated one, each, nurse having a room to herself. There are 30 bedrooms, including roomy suites for the Matron, Assistant Matron, and Home Sister.

Another job in hand at the Hospital is the erection of a Children’s Ward, which is being built as an integral part of the main Hospital, on top of the existing medical ward. It will be divided into three compartments, one for Europeans, one for natives and one for other non- Europeans. This Ward is expected to be finished about May.

Government Urged To Take

OVER NATIVE EDUCATION.

THE establishment of an Administration of Native Affairs, which would cover the Commonwealth, Papua, and the Mandated Territories of New Guinea and Nauru, was suggested to the Minister for the Interior (Mr. McEwen) during an interview in Sydney on February 5 by representatives of the National Missionary Council.

It was contended by the deputation that the Government should definitely assume the obligation of educating the natives in the Territories, concentrating on the children. They declared that there should be initiated an after-school-age service which might apply to native affairs the principle of vocational training.

The representatives of the Council (Canon J. S. Needham, Rev. J. W. Burton, and Rev. J. W. Perrier) were supported by Dr. A. P, Elkin, Professor of Anthropology at the Sydney University.

Miss Lilian Caswell, of the New Guinea Mission, will return to her station at Wamira, Papua, by the “Montoro” which is due to leave Sydney on February 23.

Mrs. B. Harper, who works her own gold claim on the Wewak field, N.-W.

New Guinea, returned to the Territory by the “Macdhui” from Sydney on February 2. 66 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Records Packed Free and sent C.O.D. without extra charges H.M. Voice Slightly-used Portables, delivered straight to your nearest port for £3/15/.

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Talkeries Music Stores 451 Quwn VXZ Bundings Su htl e of lattery

By Jantzgn

Every Jantzen is a thrilling fashion story. Slendering fabrics knit from luxurious, quick-drying wool. Lovelier, new “evening gown” colors so exquisite, so easy to wear . . . And in both men and women’s suits that famous Jantzen stitch that gives perfect, permanent fit! (Australia) Limited , Lidcombe , N.S.W, MRS. DORIS BOOTH, O.B.E. r[E owner-manager of the largest individual mine on the Morobe goldfield, New Guinea, Mrs. Doris Booth, is at present spending a well earned holiday in Tasmania and Victoria.

Charming and well dressed, with her black hair smoothly braided round her head, she is one of the best-known women in the Mandated Territory.

It is just 17 years since Mrs. Booth first went to New Guinea to live on a coconut estate. After three years of plantation life she decided to try her luck on the newly-discovered goldfield at Morobe, which in those days before aeroplane travel was six days’ journey on foot through dense bush from the coast.

Mrs. Booth was the first white woman to make the journey.

Working for the first year with the man who discovered the field, she learnt enough about alluvial mining to begin by herself. Then, in 1925, she pegged out a claim 98 chains in length along the river and 11 chains wide, and began to work her own mine. It was slow work at the beginning. The gold had to be washed in boxes which had been hollowed out of logs with an adze. It was not until 1930, when machinery was brought up by aeroplane from the coast, that this primitive method was abandoned.

To-day, Mrs. Booth’s mine is a large, busy-looking place, criss-crossed with machinery and long sluices. She has five Europeans and 200 natives working for her.

Not the least interesting part of the romantic story of her experiences in those early pioneering days is the splendid work she did in 1926 in organising hospitals and medical care on the goldfield during an exceptionally bad outbreak of dysentery among the natives. Recognition came to her for this in the form of an 0.8. E. A trained nurse, she has always had a small hospital for the natives working in her own mine, and she attends to all their medical needs.

Solomons Man Married

IN VICTORIA.

A WELL-KNOWN Solomon Islands resident, Mr. J. A. D. Love, of Lever’s Pacific Plantations Pty. Ltd., Gavutu, married Miss Mervyn Gwendolen Ormonde Lockyer, at St. Andrew’s Church of England, Middle Brighton, Victoria, early in February.

The bride is the twin daughter of Mrs. and of the late Mr. Ormonde Lockyer, of Brighton, and the bridegroom—Mr. John Alfred Duncan Love—is the son of Mrs. D.

G. Irvine, and stepson of Mr. D. G. Irvine, of Gili Gili, Samarai, Papua.

A waist-length veil of Honiton lace more than 130 years old, belonging to her grandmother, Lady Lockyer, of Devon (England), was worn by the bride, who carried a bouquet of lily of the valley.

Her closely fitting gown was of goldembroidered white cloque, made with puffed sleeves, and the full bodice was drawn into a square neckline. A misty tulle train gave added charm to the sweeping skirt.

Miss Edith Moore sailed from Sydney early in February for New Guinea where she was to be married to Mr.

Graham Hughston. She was accompanied by her aunt, Mrs. William Moore.

Another Education Conference in Honolulu.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Feb. 6.

EDUCATORS from all over the Pacific are again to be brought together at a conference in Honolulu, Hawaii, in June this year, announces the Progressive Education Association, of 310 West 90th Street, New York. It will be called the New Education Conference.

The theme of the conference will be education for democracy in a world of conflict. One of the aims of progressive education is to inflict the adult point of view less upon receptive child minds.

The children under the new system are allowed to discuss freely in class the trends affecting their everyday life. In other words, less emphasis about George Washington and the picturesque cherry tree and more upon social frontiers in the everyday world.

Mr. Frederick L. Redefer, executive secretary of the Association in New York, is at present in Honolulu arranging details of the conference. He is anxious to hear from interested persons in Australasia and the Pacific Islands in general.

Mr. S. H. Ellis, of Suva, returned to Fiji from New Zealand in January. 67 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

FIJI.

Mid-Sept.

Mid-Dec.

Mid-Feb.

Emperor Mines . . bl4/ b!2/ bll/9 Koroere b3/6 s3/1»/ 2 S4/3 Loloma b24/3 bl7/3 bl7/10V 2 Mt. Kasi .. .. s6/6 b4/10 b4/3 Vatu Kasia s2/6 Sl/6 sl/6 Bulolo Deposits ..

NEW GUINEA. sl/6 bl/3»/ 2 blld Bulolo G.D. . . . s£ 6/7/6 b £5/15/ s£7 Dev. N.G — — bl2/6 B n t e r p r ise of N.G b £2/5/ b £ 1/2/6 b£ 1/2/6 Guinea Gold b!3/6 bl2/6 bl3/3 N.G.G., Ltd. b2/2 Vz bl/9 bl/6 Oil Search .. b8/l b6/4 b6/6 Placer Dev. .. . s£4 b£3/12/ s£3/19/ Sandy Ck b2/4V z bl/9 bl/6 Sunshine Gold b!2/6 bll/1 bll/6- Cuthbert’s .. ..

PAPUA. b22/ b20/ b21/6 G.M. of Papua . blO/6 b9/ll b9/10 Mandated All. . b3/l bl/9 b9d Oriomo Exp. . .. b3/5 b3/2 b3/2 Tiveri G.D — s4/3 Yodda Gold Co. b3d b2d b2d Nov. Dec. Jan.

Tons crushed 2,600 2,400 11,426 Head value, dwt 8.3 8.8 6.8 Yield, oz. (est.) .... 952 951 3.044 Dwt., a ton 7.3 8 5.33 LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES N.L. tNov. 24. Dec. 22.

Jan. 29.

Ore treated, tons . . 1,580 1,700 1,663 Gold, fine, oz 1,669 1,999 1,790 Dwt., a ton .. 21.13 23.53 21.03 Silver, fine, oz 757 755 591 Tailings assay, dwt. . 8.1 3.4 1.5 ton raw treatment 75 per cent, of period.

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New Zealand, in 1937, raised £11,568 for Methodist Mission work in 8.5.1.

Quotations for Islands Gold Shares.

Mr. C. V. Caldwell, a District Commissioner in Fiji, accompanied by Mrs.

Caldwell, left Suva on leave by the January “Monterey”

Pacific Mining

NEWS From Fiji.

EMPEROR GOLD MINING CO. LTD.

WITH its new large plant operating, Emperor Gold Mining Co., Ltd., at Tavua, Fiji, treated 11,426 tons of ore in the period December 26 to January 26 for a yield of 3665.6 oz. of bullion, estimated to contain 3,044 oz. of fine gold. This is the first clean-up with the plant, which has a designed capacity, including the original pilot plant, of 3,000 tons a week.

The yield represents a recovery of 5.33 dwt. fine gold a ton. The ore treated was of a head value of 6.8 dwt. a ton, and the gold content of the residues after treatment was 0.63 dwt. a ton.

Milling Derations, the management states, are now on the 12,000 tons a month schedule. Daily throughput for the last 10 days was 430 tons.

In the following table the latest production figures are compared with those of the two preceding four-weekly periods, when only the pilot plant was in operation:— The wet season, the management of Loloma Gold Mines, Tavua, Fiji, states, has curtailed the handling of ore and reduced the running time.

The mill was shut down for six days during the holidays to convert the elevator housing from wood to steel. This is to effect an increase in throughput.

In 496V2 hours’ running, the mill crushed 1,663 tons of ore for a recovery of 1,790 fine oz. of gold and 591 fine oz. of silver. This represents a grade of 21.03 dwt. of gold a ton, compared with 25.53 dwt. in the preceding period. The management attributes the lower grade to moisture in the hanging-wall causing extra dilution.

Residues assayed IV2 dwt. a ton. This compares with 3.4 dwt. in the tailings from the last period, and represents a considerable improvement on the result of the first clean-up in October when, because of treatment difficulties and plant absorption, the residues showed the high assay of 11.3 dwt. of gold a ton.

In the following table the result of the latest clean-up is compared with those of the two preceding periods:— A report on development in the bottom (224 ft.) level states that the south drive off the main east crosscut at 60 ft. has been extended to 536 ft. The average assay value of the lode in the last 13 ft. of driving was 44 dwt. a ton over a width of 84 in. This indicates increases in both the width and the grade of the lode as driving has progressed.

KOROERE GOLD N.L.

Recent operations of Koroere Gold N.L., Tavua, Fiji, are reviewed in a progress report issued early in February.

Work on the Koroere Hill section has been concentrated on two points, No. 1 boundary shaft S. of the Emperor-Koroere boundary and No. 5 lower adit at the S. side of Koroere Hill. Both E. and W. crosscuts in No. 1 boundary shaft have been driven to a depth of 24 ft. to 24 ft.

An S. drive in a narrow band of stone was driven to 31 ft. S., but failed to disclose any definite lode body. While payable ore was located, the average results did not indicate any quantity at this level. Work at this point has been stopped, and the labour transferred to prospecting on an outcrop nearer the Emperor boundary and also to two lode outcrops further W., known as the Brewster and Murchison. No. 5 lower adit at 36 ft. showed the first sign of having intersected the old No. 5 lode, and at this point returned 0.8 dwt. a ton. This tunnel has 68 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8

Nov., May, Nov., 1936. 1937. 1937.

Yds. treated .. . 5,866.400 5,365,190 5,158,300 Bullion, oz 106,182 93,975 93,328 Gold, fine, oz. 74,171 65,070 64,662 Est. work, profit, oz. 51,645 47,199 44,262 Prod, value £648,997 £569,369 £565,799 Working profit £451,894 £412,986 £387,290 January’s production of the five dredges of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd. compares with that of the previous two periods as i follows:— Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Cubic yards .. .. 751 100 826,400 16,404 Ann Bullion, oz ooz.ouu 15,096 Gold, fine, oz. 8,703 11,319 10,408 Value— Aust. currency .. £76,151 £99,041 £91,070 Working profit .. £60,068 £62,343 £65,493 Oct. Dec. Jan.

Morobe Alluvials— Hou rs 480 450 625 Cubic yard 6,000 6,000 7,500 001(1 02 140 110 110 Morobe Deposits— Hours 600 490 450 0111,1(5 yard 8,000 4,500 3,000 °° ld . 02 65 35 25 The January clean-up for the Morobe Deposits area is reported as incomplete, and the W. H. GROVE & Sons Ltd.

AUCKLAND Islands Traders p.o. box 490 Telegraphic and Cable Address: “Grove,” Auckland.

Shippers of all classes of New Zealand Products, specially prepared for the Island trade.

Representing Rylands & Sons (Col.) Ltd., of London and Manchester. (Including the famous “Dacca” Mills Products.) Parbury Henty & Co. Pty. Ltd., of Sydney and Kobe.

“AGFA” Photographic Corporation, of Berlin.

J. Blair King, of London. World-famed Shirts.

Burrell & Co. Ltd., Millwall, London, E. 14. Oil, White Lead and all classes of Paints, including “FERROGENE” . their special Tropical Paint . . . PREVENTS CORROSION . . . made in RED, GREY, and GREEN. or Agfa-Billy-Record ONE would think that the camera was made from a single cast, so harmonious is the construction of the Speedex Record camera. Elegant appearance, easiness to carry in the case, extremely reliable lens and shutter, all help to make this camera one of the best of its kind. The correct choice of a camera is very important, for one does not buy a new camera every day, and it therefore has to be borne in mind that with the Speedex Record one is always fully equipped. As film use the all-weather Agfa Isochrom film. so far been driven by hand labour. A pipe line will be laid and machines installed. It is proposed to drive this tunnel to at least 120 ft., which will take the face to the point where reasonably good values were returned from the original No. 5.

At the Cardigan mine the bulk of the work has been concentrated on the W. Cardigan, where a winze has been sunk in the E. crosscut 65 ft.

N. of No. 7 shaft and 18 ft. E. At 33 ft. the increase in the volume of the water made further sinking difficult and expensive, and the work has been discontinued there for the time being.

While the bottom of the winze is still in lode formation, values tend to fade, and this, coupled with the difficulty of handling the water intake, made it advisable to discontinue. This work can be resumed after the wet season, when it is expected that further development of the winze will disclose a considerable tonnage of payable values. This winze is sunk in the centre of the lode channel, which is here 35 ft. in width, which returned good average values for the full width.

It will be necessary to sink a shaft from the surface over the location of the winze, a distance of 35 ft. in order to continue sinking, and, if necessary, driving and crosscutting at a lower level. Owing to the present wet season, it has been decided temporarily to stop this work and to make an immediate commencement with the sinking of the main shaft, Canadian lode, to the 200 ft. level. This shaft will be sunk in country rock, and it is not anticipated that there will be any difficulty with water.

From New Guinea BULOLO GOLD DREDGING LTD.

TREATMENT figures issued by Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., New Guinea, show that during the last two half-yearly periods, the yardage treated, gold recovered, and working profit have all become lower. The Co. is still earning substantial profits, however, and recent estimates give the areas a life of about 17 years.

In the six monthly period ended November 30, 1937, the Co. had a working profit of £387,290 as compared with £412,986 and £451,- 894 in the two preceding six-monthly periods.

Over the last six months, values have risen slightly from 5.9 grains a cubic yard to 6.0 grains a cubic yard. When the property is equipped with the two new dredges. Nos. 6 and 7, a reduction in working costs should be effected. About the middle of last year, output was affected because of the changing of the courses of two dredges. This required the digging of a large volume of tailings and some overburden.

A comparison of the treatment figures in the last three half-yearly periods is given in the following table:— BULOLO GOLD DEPOSITS LTD.

The January report of Bulolo Gold Deposits, New Guinea, compared with recent yields as follows: 69 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Edie Creek mill— Gold, oz., fine .. 1,014 1,109 1,190 Silver, oz., fine 3,185 3,218 3,951 Alluvial— Gold, oz., fine 1,321 1,132 1,337 Silver, oz., fine . . . . 961 833 961 Golden Ridges mill— Gold, oz.. fine 483 377 296 Silver, oz., fine .. 536 374 346 Operating profit— Edie Creek .. £1,090 £2,013 , £2,329 Alluvial 6,002 5,308 5,540 Golden Ridges 2,394 1,882 1,199 SANDY CK. GOLD SLUICING LTD.

The mine manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing Ltd., T.N.G., issued the following comparative figures Siof production on February Oct. Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Cubic yards 17,992 19,981 26,558 (15,150 Gold, oz 360 271 377 249 Per cubic yd. 3/ 2/0 y 2 2/1% 2/5 % Working cost 1/6 1/5 1/2 1/6 Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Wash dirt, yards .. .. 2,837 2,779 5,103 Overburden, yds. . .. 4,426 2,600 3,159 Unrefined, retorted alluvial gold, oz 833/4 293/4 303/4 Edie Mine— Ore, tons 553 552 Gold, bullion, oz. 121 1273/4 — Nov. Dec. Jan.

Mill treated, tons .. 2,640 2,450 2,611 Bullion, oz 2,475 2.316 2.698 Gold, fine, oz 759 713 788 Silver, fine, oz 1,477 1,368 1,587 Est. value (at £A8 oz.) £6,142 £5,769 £6,374 Value per ton .. .. 46/7 47/1 48/10 Mining Ore Treatment Machinery

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you in genuine than Export. in obtaining supplies ground being treated is still heavy. The balance of the clean-up from this area for the December period and not included in returns was 15 oz. 17 dwt. from 950 yards. The chairman of directors, Mr. C. E. Hopkins, has returned from a visit to the properties, and reports satisfaction with the management and working operations.

SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT LTD.

Sunshine Gold Development Ltd. has declared a dividend of 6d. a share, payable on February 28. Books closed on February 17. The previous dividend of 6d. a share was paid on October 1, 1937.

The clean-up at Sunshine’s area in New Guinea during January was 428 oz. gold.

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS LTD.

The Mining Trust, Ltd., consulting engineers for New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., reported as follows on January 24: ENTERPRISE OF NEW GUINEA.

Mr. Harold Taylour, general manager of Enterprise of N.G. Gold and Petroleum N.L., reported that production of unrefined retorted alluvial gold from all sources for the month ended January 31 was 30 oz. 17 dwt. from 5,103 cubic yards wash dirt and 3,159 overburden.

Owing to the small tonnage treated at the Edie Creek mine no clean-up was made. These figures compare with November and December as follows: From Papua CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLD MINE LTD.

IN the year ended December 31 Cuthbert’s Misima Gold Mine Ltd., Eastern Papua, won gold and silver of an estimated value of £60,884. This compares with £52,160 in the previous year. Tonnage treated and gold and silver extracted all showed increases. The value a ton of ore treated was a little lower. As accounts for the year ended December, 1936, revealed a net profit of £27,635, it seems certain that the 1937 profit will show a substantial increase. The Co. is steadily increasing its treatment tonnages, and in November last had a record throughput. The enlarged plant should soon be treating ore at the rate of 40,000 tons a year.

Production for the last three months are compared in the following table:— GOLD MINES OF PAPUA LTD.

Gold Mines of Papua Ltd. advise that crushing commenced at the Company’s mine on Misima Island, Eastern Papua, on February 2. Proved and probable ore was estimated on June 30 last at 250,000 tons of mainly oxidised ore and 150,000 tons of sulphide ore above the drainage level. Milling head value of the oxidised ore, of which 120,000 tons had been blocked out at June 30, was estimated at 46/ a ton.

MANDATED ALLUVIALS N.L.

At an extraordinary meeting of Mandated Alluvials N.L., held in Sydney on February 11, shareholders were presented with the report of the directors on progress and development of the Company’s property in the Laloki district, about 25 miles from Port Moresby, Papua. Arrangements were considered for the provision of immediate finance. It is estimated that full production will be reached in March. To reach this stage an additional sum of approximately £3,000 is needed. The directors suggested that the money should be provided by shareholders as temporary loans, repayable, say, within six months. An alternative was an issue of 10,000 preference shares of 5/- each.

PAPUAN APINAIPI PETROLEUM.

After consultation with the Commonwealth authorities, the Papuan Apinaipi Petroleum Co., Ltd., commenced its programme of scout drilling in December. The first of these bores has been put down to a depth of 509 feet, the second is at present down 50 feet, and cores are being taken during the drilling operations.

The January output of dry rubber from the Papuan plantations of Koitaki Para Rubber Estates, Ltd,, was 38,513 lb. 70 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 19 38.

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Island Agents: Burns Philp & Co. Ltd., W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

Rabaul: John L. Peadon Ltd.

Fiji: Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.

Morobe Notes.

From Our Own Correspondent.

WAU, Jan. 16.

WAU residents were indeed, sorry to bid farewell to Dr. and Mrs. A. G. Schroeder, who have made themselves so popular here during the short interval in which Dr. Schroeder relieved Dr. McKenna. With Mrs. Mc- Kenna, the latter has now returned from furlough.

Mrs. A. E. Austin, popular staff member of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., Salamaua, returned by the last “Macdhui’’ from three months’ leave She completed the latter part of her journey by ’plane from Moresby.

The ball held by the Wau Club on New Year’s Eve was a wonderful success. It seemed as though the whole of Morobe and his wife were present. Wau Club did itself grand in its usual generous manner, and a good time was had by all—or so they said the next morning.

Members of the Wau Masonic Club journeyed to Madang by Guinea Airways’ tri-engined Ford over the Christmas season to attend a meeting of the Madang Masonic Club. They returned loud in their praise for the wonderful hospitality shown to them by their fellow Masons of Madang.

Members of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd. staff entertained the residents of Salamaua at a party in “Block 9’’ Mess on New Year’s Eve. The usual B.P. hospitality was dispensed in no uncertain manner, and the affair was voted one of the happiest parties ever held in Salamaua.

Mr. and Mrs. Jack Sedgers at present have their two school-girl daughters from Australia staying with them at Salamaua.

Mr. and Mrs. Spankie, of Golden Ridges, have received many congratulations on the arrival of their first-born —a daughter. Both are doing well, and Mrs. Spankie has now returned home from Wau hospital.

Mrs. R. G. Kerr left hurriedly by ’plane to catch the “Montoro” at Port Moresby, after having received word per radio that her daughter, Mrs. Ecclestone, who with her husband is on furlough, has been seriously ill.

Mr. J. P. McGrath has resigned from Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., to join the Administration staff at Madang as road-master. Accompanied by Mrs. McGrath and their two children, he sailed for Madang on the January “Macdhul”.

Mrs. Ronnie Hoile, popular hairdresser at Wau, is at present enjoying a tour of the East on the “Neptuna’’. She will complete the round-trip to Sydney and return to Salamaua on the same vessel.

Mr. H. Taylor, the well-known police officer on the Morobe goldfields, sailed by the “Macdhui” to take over a new position at Rabaul.

Both Wau and Edie Creek residents wish him every success in his promotion at Rabaul.

Mr. H. T. (“Blue”,) Allan has just returned from a trip to Kavieng per “Macdhui”, where he recruited another labour line for his workings. He was accompanied by Mrs. Allan.

Mr. and Mrs. D. Sinclair are enjoying the company of their two daughters, Kathleen and Margaret, who are holidaying here during the school vacation. Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Judd are also keeping their school-girl daughter amused during her holidays with them on the Upper Watut.

Eric and Dexter, the schoolboy sons of Dr. and Mrs. W. E. Giblin, have been making the most of their holiday stay here. Swimming, golf, and tennis are the order of the day, and the return to Sydney—and college—is not looked forward to with any enthusiasm.

Wau Tennis Club has taken a new lease of life under a committee headed by Messrs. L.

J. Perichon and E. Mainwarlng.

The Golden Ridges Golf Club has been reformed and great improvement has been made with the course. Messrs. H. T. Allan, F. Priest, and J. Owers hope to get a strong team together for a challenge match with the Wau Club.

Pilot and Mrs. G. A. Cannon, of Guinea Airways, Ltd., have returned from three months’ furlough, and have taken up residence at Lae.

Mr. W. Lambert, of the grocery department of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., Wau, sailed on the “Macdhui” for three months’ furlough. He hopes to include a trip to New Zealand during his holidays South.

Attracting Tourists to Outer Hawaiian Islands.

From Our Own Correspondent.

HONOLULU, Feb. 6.

DRASTIC reduction in the steamer rates between Honolulu and the outlying Hawaiian Islands is expected to bring the four main islands closer together and to help put Hawaii, Maui, and Kauai Islands—in addition to Oahu, where Honolulu is situated—on the traveller’s map. The new rates came into effect in January, and the reductions average 15 per cent.

The vessels in this Hawaiian interisland service are large modern steamers, offering all the appointments and comforts of trans-oceanic liners, although the longest passages are just overnight voyages. Hawaii travel executives hope that the reduced steamer fares will encourage visitors to add Kauai, Maui, and Hawaii to their itinerary vocabularies. They declare that tourists who explore the archipelago beyond Honolulu will have a better idea of the real Hawaii.

Mr. I). C. Chalmers, of Lautoka, returned to Fiji by the January “Aorangi”.

Mr. A. C. F. Armstrong, an Administrative Officer in the Gilbert Islands, arrived in Fiji by the “Aorangi” on January 28. He will be attached to the headquarters of the Western Pacific High Commission at Suva for some time. 71 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

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Electric Shavers, £6/15/-. Schick & Packard. Schick for all Electrical Currents. Packard 240 AC only. Write for wholesale list.

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Portable Gramophones, English and Continental Samples, 48/-, 55/-, 60/-, 65/-, 70/-.

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M.G', Type, 19/6. Buzzer. 2/6, 2/9. 3/6, 7/6. Siemens British P.M.G. Dept. Surplus Morse Set with Sullivan Special Low Resistance Headphones, 38/6 set. wONVQjr Buy assembled or build the Air Patrol 2 - valve Battery - operated Radio for all short-wave stations and broadcasts. Easy to operate, change over switch. All parts £4/1/6, Valves 28/9, Batteries £2/15/9, Phones 30/-, Speaker 21/3.

The set assembled and complete, £l2/14/9.

's£L British Manufactured bell shaped Lightning Arresters, fixed in a jiffy for in or outside mounting, 6/3.

We guarantee at lea st 20 per cent, off the be s t prices of all r e p lacement v a 1 ues.

Send along your order. We g u a rantee satisfaction.

American Aeroplane Model Kits, Solid and Flying Types. Small (flying) Scale Models, 8 inch, 1/6. Fl 6, Sopwith Camel; F 6, Douglas Observer; Curtis Pursuit, Boeing, Yega, Aerenca.

“Flying” Scale Model Planes, 24 inch Wing Span, 3/6. C 2, Spad; Cl 4, Hawker; Cl 7, Caudron, 20 in.; SES; C 4, Nieuport; C 5, Stinson; Cl 5 Curtis Hawk.

Solid (non-flying) Scale Model Planes, Sin. span, 1/6. S 9 Douglas Transport; Sl3, Hawker; Stinson U; SlB Martin Bomber; China Clipper; 527, Stinson Sr.

Super Detailed, 8/8/8 (non-flying) Modern Scale Models, 5/6.

Waco, Navy Boeing, Taylor Cub, Curtis Hawk.

Like-a-flash ‘Eliminoise’

Aerial Kit, for short or dual wave sets.

Aerial Pyrex type Insulators. transposition blocks and 200 ft. aerial wire, 22/6. Eliminates unwanted aerial and hideous electrical noises from your dual-wave or short-wave set. cams*) HEAD ONES Ericssons Professional Phones, 32/6; B.T.H. and S.T.C., 30/-; all 400 ohms. 6ft. phone cords, 2/6. Rubber Phone Caps, 2/.

Lissen Headphones, 19/6.

Tyrex^ypeTilmis Sin., 4in..

Bin., Glass« type 3 for 7sin. 1/- 3/6, 6/6. 1/-.

Genuine Insulators: JINS gsm® 4| ** I Pyrex 30/- 'COSMOCOBD* 25 tyutiaJi ‘Like a Flash” British make 25/- Gramophone Pickups complete Richards, just arrived 25/- “Cosmocord” - 25/- “Cosmocord” De Luxe 32/6 “Cosmocord” high definition - - 88/6 “Cosmocord” Super de Luxe ...... 45/- Amplion (English) 28/6 B.T.H. bakelite models 32/6 Radio Gramophone Pickup Heads fit all standard tone arms 11/6, 19/6. 10/6, 12/6. Separate volume control with leads fitted, 4/9.

Gramophone Tone Arms to suit pickup heads, 2/6. Pickup Oddments to complete pickups, 20/-.

Write for Punch Board Leaflets

Levenson’S Radio

Games, Novelties And Hobbies

226 PITT STREET. SYDNEY Manufacturers, Importers, and Exporters.

Branches: Radio Cheapside, 240 a Pitt St.

N.S.W., AUSTRALIA ‘Leveradioh.” Goods forwarded V.P.P Write for Pin-Game, Totem and Odds and Evens Leaflets Cable address: “Leveradioh.” Goods forwarded v.r.r. or Sight Draft. Satisfaction and Service Guaranteed. We can supply by mail all General Merchandise at a Better Price. Quotations with pleasure.

Please add freight and packing. 72 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Recipe For

COOLTH \ i / 1 . . . take one tumbler or glass. 2 . . . half-fill same with cold water. 3 . . . throw in dash of Eno’s "Fruit Salt.” 4 . . . drink while sparkling. time for taking: any time you want to feel cooler!

ENOS FRUIT SALT'

Trade Mark

AIRTIGHT KEEP THEM ROUND AIR- TIGHT 50's— SPECIAL MILD,

Medium And

FULL «35-a.7 TINS FRESH

Capstan Navy

Cut Tobacco

Made From The

Finest Virginia

LEAF Capstan Australian Short Wave Broadcast March 6 to April 2.

AUSTRALIAN National Short Wave Programme, broadcast from Melbourne, Victoria, on 31.34 metres for listeners in the Western Pacific. Call sign: VLR.

P.M. Daily Weekdays

12.35 Recorded Music. 1.00 Time Signal, and News Bulletin. 1.05 Interstate Weather. 1.15 Music. 3.00 (Monday, Tuesday, and Friday) Broadcast to Schools. 3.20 (Tuesday and Friday) Classic Music. 5.00 Close (Monday and Wednesday. 5.15). 6.30 Comment by “The Watchman.” 6.45 (Tuesday excluded) Sporting News. 7.00 (Saturday excluded) News, Markets, and Weather for North Australia. 7.20 Overseas News Service. 7.30 Queensland and North Australian News. 7.40 (Monday, Wednesday, and Friday) Talk. 7.40 (Tuesday and Thursday) News in French for New Caledonia and New Hebrides. 8.50 (Usually) Musical Programme. 10.30 Australasian News Service. 10.50 Musical Programme. 11.30 Close.

P.M. Every Saturday

12.45 Music. 1.15 —5.15 Description of current sporting and athletic events, interspersed with music. 6.30 Markets Summary. 7.10 New Zealand Mail Bag. 7.35 Sporting Highlights of the Week. 10.50 Australasian Mail Bag. 11.00 Dance Music. 12.00 Close.

P.M. Every Sunday

6.00 Musical Programme by various State Orchestras. 6.30 Talk on International Affairs. 6.50 News Bulletin. 7.00 “Alice in Orchestralia”. 7.30 Recordings of Overseas Artists. 8.30 Story. 10.15 News. 10.30 Close. (Times given are Australian Eastern Standard —10 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.) MARCH 6 TO APRIL 2.

Mar. 6 (Sun.) —8.30 p.m. Science News; 8.45 New Note Octet; 9.15 Radio Film Presentation.

Mar. 7 (Mon.)—B p.m. Serial—“lnto the Light”; 8.30 Music Hall Programme; 9.30 Symphony Music.

Mar. 8 (Tues.)—B p.m. Orchestral Hour; 8.50 Recorded Recital; 9 Comedy Sketch; 9.45 Lauri & Dorothy Kennedy (’Cello and Piano).

Mar. 9 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Kyneton Races; 8 Light Opera; 9.15 Harry Bloom’s Band; 9.45 travel Letter.

Mar. Ift (Thurs.) —2 p.m. Pakenham Races; 8 “The Play’s the Thing”; 9.15 Dino Borgioli (Tenor); 10 World Affairs.

Mar. 11 (Fri.) —8 p.m. Jim Davidson's Band; 9 Variety Programme; 9.30 brass Band Recital.

Mar. 12 (Sat.) —-1.30 p.m. Caulfield Races; 8 Dino Borgioli: 8.50 Guila Bustabo (Violinist); 8.45 Canberra Commemoration.

Mar. 13 (Sun.)—B.3o p.m. Talk by Dr. S.

Angus; 8.45 New Note Octet; 9.15 Two Plays.

Mar. 14 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Moonee Valley Races; 7.40 Talk by Dr. F. K. Norris; 8 Serial; 8.30 Music Hall Programme; 9 Topical Revue.

Mar. 15 (Tues.) —1.30 p.m. Albury Races; 8 Concert: 8.45 Choral Music; 9 Comedy Sketch; 9.15 Dino Borgioli.

Mar. 16 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Werribee Races; 7.40 Talk by Prof. G. V. Portus; 8 Light Opera; 9.15 Dance Music; 9.45 Travel Letter.

Mar. 17 (Thurs.)—2 p.m. Yarra Glen Races; 8 Irish Plays; 9 Clement Q. Williams (Baritone); 9.45 Male Choir; 10 World Affairs.

Mar. 18 (Fri.) —8 p.m. Brass Band Music; 8.40 Concert: 9.45 Light Orchestral Music.

Mar. 19 (Sat.) —1.30 p.m. Moonee Valley Races; 8 L. & D. Kennedy (’Cello & Piano); 9 “Big Business’’; 9.15 Jascha & Tossy Spivakovsky.

Mar. 20 (Sun.) —8.20 p.m. Richard Tauber (Recorded); 8.30 Story; 8.45 Tango Band; 9.15 Play.

Mar. 21 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Ascot Trots; 7.40 Talk by Dr. F. K. Morris; 8 Serial; 8.30 Music Hall Programme; 9 Topical Revue.

Mar. 22 (Tues.)—l.3o p.m. Seymour Races; 8 Orchestral Hour; 9 Comedy Sketch; 9.35 Concert.

Mar. 23 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Ascot Trots; 7.40 Talk by Prof. Portus; 8 Light Opera; 9.15 Harry Bloom’s Band; 9.45 Travel Letter.

Mar. 24 (Thurs.) —2 p.m. Ballarat Races; 8 “The Play’s the Thing’’; 8.50 Guila Bustabo (Violinist); 9 Polk Songs; 9.15 ’Cello & Piano Recital; 9.45 N.S.W. Police Choir.

Mar. 25 (Fri.)—B p.m. Brass Band Music; 8.30 Concert; 9.30 Nightlarks Male Quartet; 9.50 Orchestral Numbers.

Mar. 26 (Sat.) —1.30 p.m. Epsom Races; 8 Orchestral Programme; 8.50 Richard Tauber (Recorded); 9.20 National Military Band.

Mar, 27 (Sun.) —8.30 Story; 8.45 New Note Octet; 9.15 Play.

Mar. 28 (M0n.)—7.40 p.m. Talk, Miss E. Rivett; 8 Serial; 8.30 Music Hall Programme: 9 Topical Revue.

Mar. 29 (Tues.) —8 p.m. Orchestral Hour; 9 Comedy Sketch; 9.15 Margaret Sutherland (Pianist); 10 Tango Band.

Mar. 30 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Caulfield Races; 7.40 Talk; 8 Light Opera; 9.15 Dance Music; 9.45 Travel Letter.

Mar. 31 (Thurs.) —2 p.m. Bacchus Marsh Races; 8 Play; 9.15 Folk Songs; 9.40 Sydney Male Choir: 10 World Affairs.

April 1 (Fri.) —8 p.m. Harry Bloom’s Dance Band; 9 Light Orchestral Numbers; 9.30 Brass Band: 10 Piano Recital.

April 2 (Sat.) —1.30 p.m. Ascot Races; 8 Symphony Hour; 8.50 Guila Bustabo, Violinist (Recorded); 9.10 Alexander Kipnis (Bass).

BROADCAST OF COPRA PRICES.

SOUTH SEAS produce prices (including copra) are broadcast weekly from Sydney as the first item in the news bulletin from A.W.A.’s world range short-wave station VK2ME each Sunday at 9 p.m., and Monday at 1.30 a.m. (Sydney time). Operating on a 31.28 wave length (9590 kilocycles), VK2ME transmits a special programme on Sundays between 4 p.m. and 6 p.m. (0600-0800 G.M.T.) and 8 p.m. and midnight (1000-1400 G.M.T.); and on Mondays between 12.30 a.m. and 2.30 a.m. (1430-1630 G.M.T.). 73 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 1938

London: — Buying.

Selling.

Telegraphic transfer — £126 0 0 On Demand — — — £123 0 0 124 17 6 30 days — — 122 15 0 124 15 0 60 days — — — — 122 10 0 124 12 6 90 days 122 6 0 124 10 0 120 days 122 0 0 124 7 6 Nagging Pains in the Back Backache is an dication of kidney weakness and when there art also urinary irregularities, disturbed nights, dizziness and lassitude the trouble is self-evident. Don’t wait for rheumatism, sciatica, lumbago. Strengthen the kidneys now with Doan’s Backache Kidney Pills.

They put an end to needless pain and will bring back your health and vigour. ‘ Every Picture tells a Story."

“Had To Lie Up”

Mrs. F. Anderson, 29 Thomas Street, Balmain, Sydney, says; “I suffered with my kidneys for a good while, the result being that I was tortured with backache, and the pain at times was so acute that I had to He up. My ankles and legs swelled somewhat, and were sore to the touch, and I always felt tired and languid, having no energy for anything. About two years ago I was advised to take a course of Doan’s Backache Kidney Pills and five bottles effected a perfect cure."

Be sure to insist upon Doan's Backache Kidney Pills <s>o r

Producing Uniform Good Results Since 1868

Always Ask For It

Commander K. C. Garsia. Administrator at Nauru Island, Central Pacific, arrived in Sydney with his wife by the “Awatea” on February 18. They are on a short vacation.

Islands Produce Coffee THE following quotations were obtained in Sydney during February.

Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment.

Sydney:—Quote No. 1: 27/- per cwt.; quote No. 2: 20/- per cwt.

Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.:—No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”, 53/-; grade “B”, 47/-; grade “C”, 44/-. No. 2 quotations; Grade “A”, 58/6; grade “B”, 48/6; grade “C”. 42/6; Triage, 37/- (drought coffee).

No. 3 quotations; Grade “B”, 47/-; grade “C”, 38/-.

Mysore, f.a.q.. prompt shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.: No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”. 53/-; grade “B”, 56/-. No. 2 quotations; Grade “B”, 49/-; Triage, 40/-.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah, f.a.q.. immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney—No. 1 quotation: 61/per cwt. No. 2 quotation: 56/9 per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges: Exchange, duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.i.f. official prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid-February, were;—Average Java 7ysd. per lb., and Japara, 7 7-16 d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: Cocoa beans, £36-£3B per ton.

Quote No. 2: New Guinea cocoa, £35-£37 per ton.

Quote No. 3: Accra, good fermented, £2B per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Cotton During the month, London, c.i.f., cotton prices were: —January 28, 4.69 d. lb., Feb. shipment; February 4,4.82 d. lb., March shipment; February 11, 4.90 d. lb., March shipment.

Ivory Nuts No. 1 quotation; £lO per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

No. 2 quotation: £lO per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, good quality, was quoted by Sydney buyers in mid-February, at £55 per ton.

Rice Rangoon rice, pecked in 1001 b. or 2001 b. bags, £lB/10/- per ton f.o.b. Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 661 b. bags. £lB per ton.

Trochus Shell Normal quotations for trochus shell obtained in Sydney from two different sources were; (a) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £9O Trochus shell. No. 2 grade £BO Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £7O (b) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade - £9os Trochus shell. No. 2 grade ...._ £79s Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £7os All quotes are f.0.b., and on the Australian £.

Mother of Peorl Shell.

At the last London sales of Mother of Pearl shell, a substantial supply of Torres Strait shell came forward and was sold at prices ranging from £2OO (Australian) for A. A.

Chicken to £145 (Aust.) for defective pickings, fair to good. Little dealing was done in Black Edged shell (Tahitian), and none at all in New Guinea shell. Darwin shell fetched £2lO (Aust.) for Ist. grads to £lOO (Aust.) for fair defective pickings.

Exchange Rates THE following exchange quotations, gathered in • Sydney, show the rates existing in February.

FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji; Buying £Alll/2/6, selling £AII3.

Fiji-London on basis £lOO London: Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £llO 16 0 £ll2 0 0 On demand £llO 12 6 £lll IT 6

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

Bank Of New South Wales

in Australia Francs to £ Australia on Papeete Australian Average for week ended 31/1/38 118.60 Average for week ended 7/2/38 119.35 Average for week ended 14/2/38 119.36 Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian Average for week ended 31/1/38 118.52 Average for week ended 7/2/38 119.29 Average for week ended 14/2/38 119.31 NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Pt. Moresby £1 per cent. ; on Rabaul 10/- per cent. —Other New Guinea districts £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London:— Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals fstg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia on Papua £1 per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of £1 per cent. ; Australia on Rabaul 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London; Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney. are on the basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less 1$ per cent, (approx.) either way.

As quoted by the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris, in Sydney, and the Banque de ITndochine, Noumea: On February 17, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 120.40 francs, £lOO Australian would purchase a draft in Noumea of 12,040 francs.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange. Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa—buying £AIOO, selling £A 100/10/-.

Exchange. Samoa on London, basis £lOO in 74 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Dec. 31 .. .. 7'Ad. .. 6 7 /ad.

Jan. 7. 1938 7'Ad. .. 7d.

Jan. 14 .... 7'/ad. .. 7Vad.

Jan. 21 .. .. 7d. .. 7Vid.

Jan. 28 7d. , . 7Vad.

Feb. 4 .. .. 6 3 Ad. . . 6 7 /ad.

Nov. , 26 £12 7 6 £12 7 6 £13 2 6 Dec. 3 ..... £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Dec. 10 ..... £12 17 6 £13 0 0 £13 17 6 Dec. 17 .. £13 2 6 £13 2 6 £14 o- 0 Dec. 24 .. £13 0 0 £13 0 0 £13 17 6 Dec. 31 .. £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 10 0 Jan. 7, ’38 £12 12 6 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 Jan. 14 .. £12 7 6 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Jan. 21 .. £12 0 0 . £12 12 6 £13 0 0 Jan. 28 ... £11 17 6 £12 0 0 £12 15 0 Feb. 4 . .. £11 2 6 £11 10 0 £12 7 6 Feb. 11 .. £10 17 6 £11 15 0 £12 0 0 South Sea, Plantation.

Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried, London to London Rabaul Price on— Per ton, c.i.f.

Per ton, c.i.f.

January 1, 1982 _ £14 0 0 £14 16 0 March 25 £14 17 6 £16 0 0 June 17 £18 2 6 £18 5 0 September 2 £18 17 6 £14 0 6 December 16 £14 2 6 £14 6 0 January 6, 1933 £13 0 0 £18 12 6 March 3 £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 — £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 £8 12 6 £9 0 • January 6, 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 80 £7 7 6 £8 0 • April 27 . _ ..... £7 7 6 £8 0 0 June IB £8 0 0 £8 12 4 July 6 £7 17 6 £8 16 0 September 7 _ £7 12 6 £8 16 0 October 6 £8 0 0 £9 0 0 December 28 £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4 . 1935 _ £9 5 0 £10 5 0 March 1 . £12 2 6 £12 16 0 April 5 . ... £10 16 0 £11 16 0 May 3 . . _ £11 17 6 £12 12 6 June 7 _ — £11 16 0 £12 7 6 July 5 _ £9 12 0 £10 i 0 August 2 _ £9 15 0 £10 16 0 September 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 October 4 _ £11 7 6 £12 7 « November 1 £12 17 6 £14 0 0 December 6 — — — £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles. to London.

Rabaul.

Price on— Per ton.c.i.f. Per ton, c.

I.f.

Per ton.c.i.f.

Jan. 3, '36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £16 0 0 Feb. 7 £13 n 0 £14 0 0 £16 0 0 Mar. 6 £11 15 ft £12 16 0 £13 0 0 April 8 £12 7 6 £13 5 0 £13 17 6 May 1 £11 10 ft £11 15 0 £12 10 0 June 5 £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 6 July 3 £12 0 0 £12 10 0 £13 10 0 Aug. 7 £12 17 6 £13 7 6 £14 7 6 Sept. 4 . . r £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Oct. 2 £13 7 w £13 10 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 6 , £16 10 0 £16 2 6 £16 6 ft Dec. 4 £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8. *1 37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £28 12 6 Jan. 29 £19 15 0 £19 15 0 £20 10 ft Feb. 5 £19 0 0 £19 0 0 £19 15 0 Feb. 26 £18 IB 0 £19 0 0 £19 IB 0 Mar. 5 £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 Mar. 26 £19 5 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 0 Apr. 2 £19 0 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 0 Apr. 30 £16 0 0 £16 15 0 £17 16 0 May 7 £16 0 0 £16 12 6 £17 12 6 May 21 £14 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 May 28 £15 12 6 £15 15 0 £16 15 0 June 4 £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 June 18 £15 2 6 £15 7 6 £16 5 0 June 25 £14 10 0 £14 15 0 £15 12 6 July 2 £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 15 0 July 9 £15 5 0 £15 5 0 £16 6 0 July 16 ...... £15 5 0 £15 5 ft £16 2 6 July 23 £15 12 6 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 July 30 £15 2 6 £15 2 6 £16 0 0 Aug. 6 £15 2 6 £15 2 6 £15 17 6 Aug. 13 £15 0 6 £15 2 6 £15 17 6 Aug. 20 £14 10 0 £14 12 6 £15 7 6 Aug. 27 £14 0 0 £14 0 0 £14 15 0 Sept. ? £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Sept. 10 £13 12 6 £13 15 0 £14 10 0 Sept. 17 £13 12 6 £13 15 0 £14 12 6 Sept. 24 £14 2 6 £14 5 0 £15 0 0 Oct. 1 , £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 12 6 Oct. 8 £14 5 0 £14 6 0 £15 0 0 Oct. 15 £14 10 0 £14 10 0 £15 7 6 Oct. 22 £13 15 0 £13 15 0 £14 10 0 Oct. 29 £13 15 0 £13 15 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 5 £13 10 0 £13 10 0 £14 5 U Nov. 12 £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 5 0 Nov. 19 £13 2 6 £13 2 6 £13 17 5 London Price on— January 6, 1983 Para per lb. _ 4fd.

Plantation Smoke<l per ll> 2.43d.

July 7 _ __ ..... — B|d. 3.71d.

December 8 _ _ 4|d. 4.U|d.

January 5, 1984 — _ 4 id. 4.28d.

July 6 — — — _ B*d. 7.Ubd.

December 28 — — 6d. 6td.

January 4, 1985 — _ Bd. 6*d.

July 5 6d. 7 id.

December 6 — — _ 6Jd. b|d.

January 8, 1936 _ 6|d. (jff'i- June 5 — — — __ 9d. 7 id.

December 4 — — - V- 9 l/16d.

January 8, 1937 1/2 10*d.

March 6 — — ...... Hid. 11 l/32d April 2 — .. ..... 1/- 1/1 15/16 June 4 — — „.. lid. 9 5-8d.

Aug. 6 9*d. 9 1-16d.

Sept. 3 9Jd. ... 9 l-16d.

Oct. 1 — . 9*d. 8 9/16d.

Oct. 8 .... 9*d. 8d.

Oct. 15 . ..... 9d. 7 15/16d.

Oct. 22 8id. 7 11/16d.

Oct. 29 ... ..... 8id. 7id.

Nov. 5 — 8d. 7id.

Nov. 12 ...» — . ..... 7|d. 7«d.

Nov. 19 — ...... 7§d, 6 15/16d.

Nov. 26 __ ..„ _ 7id. 7id.

Dec. 3 — — .... 7id. 7*d.

Dec. 10 ... ..... 7 Jd. 7id.

Dec. 17 7V 4 d.

Dec. 24 . . 7V«d.

Cables: "Stancarr." Tel. MA 4416 ESTABLISHED 1841 Stanley & Co. 325 SUSSEX STREET SYDNEY

Wholesale & Retail

Produce Merchants

Fruiterers and Greengrocers Shipping Providers •

Packing For Islands Trade

A SPECIALTY

European And Chinese Vegetables

always available in any quantity.

For SAFETY and CONVENIENCE Wherever you may go within Australia or abroad, you will appreciate the safely and convenience of Bank of New South Wales Travellers’

Cheques.

These cheques being readily convertible into money, even after banking hours, at any place you may visit, relieve you of the necessity of carrying large sums in cash.

Bank of New South Wales Travellers’ Cheques are honoured throughout the world. They are cashed by hanks, and the principal shipping and railway companies, hotels, stores, tourist offices, etc., everywhere.

CARRY

Travellers Cheques

Obtainable through any branch of the Bank. 272A.1937 Market Quotations THE Pacific Islands Monthly makes a close check of the prices quoted for Islands produce: and we regularly publish the range of prices during each month, including the last available quotation before going to press.

Copra Rubber Mr. V. C. Gabriel, of Samarai, returned to Papua by the January “Montoro” from Australia. He was accompanied by Mrs. Gabriel and their child. 75 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Use - - Modern Direct Wireless Services for Your Communications

With Australia And Overseas

DIRECT WIRELESS SERVICES are available for infer-communication between the Islands of the Pacific and for traffic between the Islands and Australia and overseas countries.

Services are now in operation between Papua and Sydney, New Guinea and Sydney, New Caledonia and Sydney, and Fiji and Sydney. Speedy, economical and efficient service to Australia and overseas. Route your traffic "Via the Wireless Service."

For overseas traffic to Great Britain, North and South America, and all European countries, route your message via the Direct Australian

Beam Wireless Service

Lodge Your Messages At Any

Wireless Station Or Island Post

Office Routed "Via Wireless"

Amalgamated Wireless

(A Sia) Limited

"To-Morrow!"

Tempo Of Life In The Polynesian Islands.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, Feb. 6.

PEOPLE whose whole life is ordered in Iterms of kilowatts', calories, dynamic units, and quadratic equations suffer terribly when they come to the South Seas. The deliberate, unhurried and, apparently, haphazard way in which work is carried on horrifies and exasperates them beyond measure.

What appears to irritate them*most of all is the schedule of inter-island schooners.

The visitor, his illusions somewhat shaken by the electric lights, petrol stations, and sophisticated natives of Tahiti. resolves to seek in the out-islands the elysian paradise of primitive simplicity he has read about in the books.

He engages passage on an inter-island schooner, and is told she will depart on Wednesday at 5.30.

Wednesday at 5.15 o’clock he arrives with his luggage at the quay to find there a vacuum. No one is in sight. The schooner, silent and empty, rides peacefully at anchor. As the shops have closed at 5 o’clock he can seek no enlightenment there. Finally he discovers a native sitting on the edge of th,e quay; his gaze fixed thoughtfully on the horizon. After much pointing and many repetitions of the Tahitian verb, “To go”, the native comprehends and answers: — “Ananahi Paha” (To-morrow, perhaps).

With this cryptic phrase the interview terminates and the native resumes his contemplation of the horizon.

Going back to his luggage and inquiring diligently from passers-by the voyager is finally informed that the departure has been postponed until Thursday at 5.30.

Arriving with his luggage at 5.15 on Thursday he is gratified to see what appears to be the entire native population of Papeete gathered at the place of embarkation. The big, globular bundles, tied up in red Pareu (the universal luggage carrier of Polynesia) and containing the personal belongings of his fellow passengers, piled up on the quay; the arrival of last minute freight; and the weepings and wailings of partings, indicate that the time of departure is at hand.

Meanwhile, there are sounds of travail in the engine room. These continue until, at 6.25 o’clock, a sooty and oil-streaked face emerges from the depths to announce that the fuel pump apparatus will not function.

After inspections and consultations in the engine room the skipper decides that the ship will be able to sail on Friday at 5.30 p.m.

The schooner actually sails at 11.45 a.m. on Saturday.

Now, all of this is looked upon as normal and natural and as it ought to be, by every one concerned except the visitor. He is full of fury, the form of his visage is changed and his speech is full of strange thunders and lightnings which, however, merely echo and reverberate from the solid wall of Tahitian custom.

In times gone by, men of energy and resolution have essayed to breach that ancient fabric. They have come bearing charts, cost forms, efficiency schedules and other paraphernalia of U.S.A. high pressure management.

Then, for a season, we have been entertained by the spectacle of irresistible force meeting the immovable body. This age-old problem of the scientists has been solved before our eyes.

Invariably, the immovable body has emerged from the encounter unblemished, while the irresistible force has retired in a state of apoplectic exasperation or remained to become submerged in the tempo of the Islands.

Yet—by what seems a miracle to the men of energy—much work is carried out and finished in due season. The schooners, which depart so erratically, always return with their cargo of copra in ample time for the steamer; roads are kept in repair; bridges constructed; houses erected, and Papeete is a spotless town —all achieved without the clank and clamour, the cerebral hyperaemia and neurasthenia of countries where efficiency reigns. We read the journals of those countries and, nightly, the sounds of their voices are in our ears through the agency of the radio. Everything there seems to be caught in the vortex of a whirlpool of confusion. As speed and efficiency increase, confusion appears to become worse confounded.

Perhaps the pace of the Islands is more in accord with the cosmic time-piece than is theirs.

FIRE ON PAPUAN PLANTATION.

From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Feb. 4.

ON January 6, a serious fire destroyed the smoke-house of Itikinumu Plantation owned by the British New Guinea Development Co., in the Sogeri District. Fortunately, very little rubber was in the building at the time, but the loss and inconvenience has disorganised the rubber output, until a new smokehouse is in commission.

It is understood that the building and contents were insured. The cause of the fire is not yet known, 76 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Macdhui.

Montoro.

Macdhui.

Sydney Mar. 12 Apr. 2 Apr. 23 Brisbane Mar. 14 Apr. 4 — Townsville Apr. 7 Apr. 25 Cairns Apr. 8 — Pt. Moresby — Mar. 18 Apr. 10-11 Apr. 29 Samarai Mar. 19 Apr. 12 Apr. 30 Woodlark Is. — — ■ Rabaul Mar. 21-22 Apr. 14-16 May 2-3 Kavieng — Apr. 17 — Lindenhafen — Mar. 23 — May 4 Salamaua I Lae f Mar. 24-25 Apr. 19-20 May 5-6 Madang Alexishafen | Mar. 26 Apr. 21 May 7 Boram (, Wewak f Mar. 27-28 May 8-9 Madang Mar. 29 Apr. 21 May 10 Finschafen — Mar. 30 — May 11 Salamaua — Mar. 30 Apr. 22 May 11 Kavieng Apr. 1 — May 13 Pondo Apr. 2 — May 14 Rabaul .

Apr. 4 Apr. 25 May 16 Salamaua — Apr. 5 — May 17 Samarai —.

Apr. 7 Apr. 27 May 19 Pt. Moresby _ Apr. 8 Apr. 28 May 20 Cairns Brisbane Apr. 12 Apr. 30 May 3 May 24 Sydney Apr. 14 May 5 May 26 BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD.. Agent*.

M.V. Maui Pomare Wellington Mar 22 Apr. 19 May 17 A pin Mar 29-»l Anr. 26-28 May 24-26 Niue Apr 2 Apr. 30 May 28 Lyttelton Apr 11 May 9 June 6 Wellington Apr 12 May 10 June 7 Subject to alteration without Notice Monterey Mariposa.

Monterey.

Honolulu - Mar 7 Apr. 3 May 2 Pago Pago Mar 12 Apr. 8 May 7 Suva Mar 15 Apr. 11 May 10 Auckland Mar 18 Apr. 14 May 13 Sydney Mar 21 Apr. 17 May 16 Melbourne _ Mar 25-28 Apr. 22-25 May 20-23 Sydney Apr 1 Apr. 29 May 27 Auckland Apr 4 May 2 May 30 Suva , Apr 7 May 5 June 2 Pago Pago — Apr 8 May 6 June 3 Honolulu — Apr 13 May 11 June 8

Oceanic Steamship

CO., MATSON LINE.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Strasbourg. Eridan.

D’ Amiens.

Papeete Mar. 29-30 May 6-7 June 19-20 Raiatea (opt.) Mar. 31 — June 20 Suva (opt.) .

May 15 June 27 Vila Apr. 10 May 17 June 29 Noumea Apr. 12-20 May 19-27 July 1-8 Vila Apr. 23 May 30 July 11 Raiatea May 2 June 6 July 18 Papeete May 3-5 June 7-9 July 19-21 MESSAGERIES MARITIME CO., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Tanda Nankin.

Nellore.

Hong Kong Mar 5 Apr. 2 Apr. 30 Manila Mar 8 Apr. 5 May 3 Rabaul Mar 16 Apr. 13 May U Brisbane —.

Mar 22 Apr. 19 May 17 Sydney Mar 24 Apr. 21 May 19 Melbourne M.28-A.2 A. 9S-TVT 4 M. 23-J. 3-4 Hobart Apr 4 May 6 June 6 Newcastle Apr 7 May 9 June 9 Sydney, dep.

Apr 13 May 14 June 15 Brisbane — Apr 16 May 16 June 17 Townsville Apr 19 May 19 June 20 Rabaul Apr 24 May 24 June 25 Manila May 2 June 1 July 3 Hong Kong May 5 June 4 July 6 E. & A. STEAMSHIP CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Niagara. Aorargi. Niagara.

Honolulu Mar. 23 Apr. 20 May 18 Suva Apr. 1 Apr. 29 May 27 Auckland Apr. 4-5 May 2-3 May 30-31 Sydney J..., Apr. 9 May 7 June 4 Sydney, dep. Apr. 14 May 12 June 9 Auckland Apr. 18-19 May 16-17 June 13-14 Suva Apr. 22 May 20 June 17 Honolulu Apr. 29 May 27 June 24 UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agent*.

Huon Pine Boat Planks Practically Borer Proof and Everlasting, also Spotted Sum Timbers—Prices Right.

A. C. Fryer 110 Miller St., Pyrmont, N.S.W.

“Bld4” Diesel Motors

Marine* Industrial* & Electrical Generating Sets.

Pending distributor appointments address enquiries to L. B. CLARKSON Australian Representative Buda Company, Harvey, ILL, 44 Margaret Street, SYDNEY

Norddeutscheb Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong—New Guinea—British Solomon Islands Service.

Regular Sailings By

S.S. “FRIDERUN.”

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets issued to all parts of the world.

For further particulars apply to MELCHERS & CO., General Agents, P. 0.8., 423, Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO., N.D.L. Agents, Rabaul, New Guinea.

GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney Telephones : MJ 4657 (4 lines) and M 2585 L c.

Cable Address : "Vichy," Sydney 379 KENT STREET. SYDNEY R UYERS of all Islands' requirements on Commission Original Invoices Furnished. 22 Years Islands Trade Experience.

JSLANDS Produce Sold on Shippers' Account Liberal Advances against Consignments.

Bankers; Bank of New South Wales. CORRESPONDENCE IN ENGLISH, FRENCH AND GERMAN Shipping Services in the Pacific Sydney - Papua - New Guinea Wau - Port Moresby Service A regular aeroplane service is now maintained by Guinea Airways Ltd., allowing passengers to and from the New Guinea goldfields to connect with the steamers at Port Moresby, Papua. Details from the pursers of the Burns, Philp steamers.

Sydney - Rabaul - Hong Kong Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Hawaii N. Zealand - Samoa - Niuo The New Zealand Government’s steamer Maui Pomare (1169 tons) is the only direct connection between N.Z., the Mandated Territory of Western Samoa and Niue Island. The vessel, which carries mails, passengers, and cargo, is controlled by the Department of External Affairs at Wellington, where application should be made concerning freights, berths, etc.

Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Samoa Hawaii Sydney - Noumea - Tahiti Mails and passengers from Sydney for Tahiti may connect with Messageries Marltimes liners at Noumea, per Pierre Loti (see Sydney-Noumea- New Hebrides service). The M.M. liners run between Marseilles and Noumea, via Panama Canal.

Fiji Inter-Island Services S.S. Malake, 736 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.), under contract with Fiji Government.

Regular four weekly itinerary comprises: Two trips Buca Bay, returning by same route to Suva — trip occupying 8 days. Two trips each Suva to Lautoka, returning to Suva direct or via Ellington—trip occupying 3 or 4 days. 77 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Subject to alteration without notice Maet- Swarten- Maetsuycker hondt. suycker Saigon , Mar. 13 — May 14 Singapore _Mar. 15-16 Apr. 16 May 16-17 Batavia _Mar. 18-20 Apr. 18-20 May 19-21 Samarang _Mar. 21 Apr. 21 May 22 Sourabaya Mar. 22 Apr. 22-23 May 23 Pt. Moresby Mar. 29 Apr. 30 May 30 Samarai ...Mar. 30 — May 31 Rabaul . Apr. 1 — June 2 Vila Apr. 5 — June 6 Noumea .Apr. 6-8 — June 7-10 Auckland — _Apr. 11-12 May 9-11 June 13-15 Wellington Apr. 14-16 May 13-14 June 17-18 Sydney ,_Apr. 20-22 May 18-21 June 22-24 Pt. Moresby Apr. 27 May 27 June 29 Sourabaya .May 4 June 3 July 6 Samarang _ _May 5 June 4 July 7 Batavia _May 6-9 June 5-7 July 8 Singapore _May 11 June 9 I Saigon -May 13 June 11 3

Royal Packet Navigation

CO. LTD.

Subject to Alteration without notice.

M.V.

Malaita Sydney Mar. 19 Apr. 30 June 11 Brisbane Mar. 21 May 2 June 13 Townsville Mar. 24 May 5 June 16 Cairns Mar. 25 May 6 June 17 Tulagi Makambo [■ Mar. 29-30 May 10- 11 J. 21 -22 Gavutu J Su’u [ Mar. 31 May 12 June 23 Domma f Maraara ■) Tasavarong [■ Apr. 1 — June 24 Aruligo j Lavoro J Mamara ] Tasavarong }■ May 13 — Aruligo Meringe [ May 14 Hivo f Yandina Banika Ufa }• .Apr. 2 May 15 June 25 Faiami Younger Pepesala J Lingata ] West Bay f Apr. 3 — June 26 Somata J Gizo Apr. 4 May 16 June 27 Faisi Apr. 5 May 17 June 28 Kieta Apr. 5 May 17 June 28 Arigua [ Apr. 6 May 18 June 29 Numa Numa f Teopasino Apr. 7 May 19 June 30 Rabaul Apr. 8 May 20-21 July 1-2 Soraken Apr. 9-10 Mav 22-23 July 3-4 TCiptn Apr. 11 May 24 July 5 Faisi Apr. 12 May 25 July 6 Gizo 1 Apr. 13 May 26 July 7 Tetipari f Russell Is.

Apr. 14-15 May 27-28 July 8-9 Gavutu Apr. 16 May 28 July 9 Makambo ( Brisbane Apr. 21 June 2 July 14 Sydney Apr. 23 June 4 July 16 BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice Kohzan Brisbane Naniwa Maru.

Maru.

Maru.

Kobe Mar. 12 Mar.31 Apr. 21 Moji Apr. 1-2 Apr. 11 Apr. 23-24 Rabaul Noumea Mar. 28-29 Apr. 16-17 May 9-10 Auckland — Apr. 1-3 Apr. 20-23 May 14-17 Wellington Apr. 5-7 Apr. 25-27 May 19-22 Lyttelton —■ Apr. 8 Apr. 28-29 May 23-24 Dunedin Apr. 9-11 A. 30-M. 1 May 25-28 Lyttelton Apr. 14-15 — — Wellington ..

Apr. 16-18 May 2-5 — Auckland Apr. 21-23 May 7-10 — Hong Kong .

May 27 — Shanghai ...

Apr. 30 — Kobe May 11-12 June 2-5 June 19-20

Osaka Shosen Kaisha And Yamash1Ta

LINE.

POSITION WANTED.

Young man, 25, knowledge tropical medicine, pastoral experience, and used handling natives, desires position as Plantation Assistant.

Reply to “ADVERTISER”, C/- “Pacific Islands Monthly”

Box 3408 R, G.P.0., Sydney. >f The sea has a charm of its own, and so has DEWAR’S Whisky. As invigorating as the winds that blow from out of space, DEWAR’S, like a well-found ship, brings content; boundless and satisfying.

DEWARS

~?Ae Scotch Whisky

M.V. Yanawai (Burns Philp (South Seas) Co.

Ltd.) makes regular trips from Suva to Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then returns to Suva.

Trip A: Suva-Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, returning to Suva by the same route. Duration of voyage, 8-10 days. Trip B: Suva-Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then calling at the ports on the coast beyond Labasa, Natewa Bay ports, Levuka, and Suva. Duration of voyage, 10-12 days.

M.S. Adi Rewa (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd) makes trips from Suva to Levuka and Labasa via Macuata ports—trip occupies 8 days. Leaves Suva and proceeds to Levuka, Nabouwalu, Lekutu, Dreketi, Naduri, and Labasa. Returns to Suva by same route. On alternative trips she returns from Labasa via Naduri, Nakaloa, Dreketi, Naiserewaqa, Lekutu, Galoa, Nabouwalu, and Levuka. The latter round trip from Suva occupies about 10 days.

M.S. Tui Kauvaro (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva to Levuka, calling at Lautoka and Ellington. Voyage takes 4 days.

M.V. Tui Cakau (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva and makes regular inter-island trips throughout the Colony.

Saigon - Java - South Seas - N.Z. Service Hong Kong - New Guinea - Solomon Islands S.S. Friderun (cabin, third-class and deck passengers) runs from Hong Kong to New Guinea and Solomon Islands ports, connecting at Rabaul (N.G.) with S.S. Island Trader (formerly S.S.

Bremerhaven). In the Solomons she calls at Tulagi, Here, Bina, Fulakora, and Nono.

Gilchrist, Watt & Sanderson, Agents

Solomon Islands-N.G. Service N.G. Goldfields' Services Aeroplanes conducted by Guinea Airways Ltd., Mandated Airlines Ltd. (late Carpenter Airways) and other companies, leave Salamaua and Lae, the New Guinea mainland ports, two and three times daily for Wau and other centres on the Morobe goldfield. The aerial services are the only means of communication.

Japan - N. Guinea - Noumea - New Zealand 78 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Pierre Loti Sydney Apr. 14 May 12 June 16 Noumea Apr. 18-20 May 16-18 June 20-22 Mare Apr. 20 May 18 June 22 Vila Apr. 21-22 May 19-20 June 23-24 Luganville Apr. 23 May 21 June 25 Le Dart Apr. 24-25 May 22-23 June 26-27 Norsup Apr. 25 May 23 June 27 Vila Apr. 26-27 May 24-25 June 29-30 Mare Apr. 28 May 26 July 1 Noumea Apr. 29-30 May 27-28 July 2-3 Sydney May 4 June 1 July 7 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO. , Agents.

Auckland M.V. Matua .. Mar 1 Mar. 29 Api. 20 Cook Is.

Mar 5 Apr. 2 Apr. 24 Outer Is — — Apr. 25-27 Cook Is Apr. 28 Nukualofa • • Mar 9-10 Apr. 6-7 — Apia • • Mar 11-12 Apr. 8-9 — Suva .. Mar 16-17 Apr. 13-14 — Auckland .. Mar 21 Apr. 18 May 4 Wellington . Mar 23-26 — — Auckland .. Mar 28 — The cargo steamer “Wairuna” (5,832 tons) will depart from Sydney on March 10 (approx.

VIRGINIA LEAF

The Cigarette

For Connoisseurs

CIGARETTES FROM Bond Street, London iHi Ps

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Packed in tropical sealed tins of 50. Minimum order 2,000.

CAVENDERS MAGNUMS 24/6 thousand. BLACK & WHITE 28/6 thousand.

ABDULLA VIRGINIAN 24/6 thousand. ARMY CLUB .. 24/6 thousand.

GOLD FLAKE .. 16/- thousand.

Prices per 1,000 F. 0.8. Sydney, Australian Currency. (4VAIW®B MEDIUM NAVYCUT CIGARETTES

The Big Cigarette

That Really Satisfies

Sole Agents for Pacific Islands: McLeod Bolton & Co Ltd.

“Pacific House’’ 249 George Street, SYDNEY tfrmyClul CIGARETTES LICENSEE: - - E.J. MORROW Cosmopolitan samara] Hotel First-class Accommodation fer Tourists and Travellers Ballroom ; Electric Light; Billiards ; Freezing - works ; Cold Store. Best brands of Wines, Spirits, Ales.

Moderate Tariff

Fishing Trips and Launch Excursions arranged %

Where To Stay In Port Moresby

m Licensee: Papua Hotel, Ltd.

First-class Accommodation. Parties Arranged.

The PAPUA f HOTEL Catering specially for Tourists and Travellers.

Situated on high ground overlooking both coasts, its Spacious Lounges are always Cool and Comfortable. Tariff: Per day, 16/-; per week, £6/6/-; per month, £l4 ; bed and breakfast, 10/-; bedroom only, 7/6.

Cars meet all Steamers. £ Hotel Moresby NEAR THE WHARF COMFORTABLE ACCOMMODATION

Only The Best

BRANDS OF

Wines. Spirits

AND BEERS IN STOCK LICENSEE: Hotel Moresby Ltd.

I?

Sydney - Noumea - New Hebrides - Indochina Europe - Sydney - Suva - New Guinea Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Rabaul. M.V. Salamaua.

London London Mar. 31 Galveston ...Mar. 15 Galveston ...Apr. 20 Suva Apr. 23* Sydney Junes ♦ Then to United Kingdom, via N.Z., Sydney, and New Guinea.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

N.G. Inter-Island Services 5.5. Maiwara and M.V. Muliama (Burns, Philp & Co.) make regular round trips from Rabaul to New Ireland and Bougainville ports. 5.5. Coombar, M.V. Desikoko, M.V. Duranbah (W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd.) make sailings from Rabaul every two or three weeks to various ports in the Territory.

S.S. Island Trader

5.5. Island Trader (Inter-Island Shipping Co.

Pty. Ltd.) connects at Rabaul with S.S. Friderun and then makes the following trips:— NORTHERN RUN—Rambutyo, Pak, Inrim, Pitelu, Papitalei, Salesia, Salami, Lorengau, Noru, Tumleo, Boikin, Kairiru, Wewak, Boram, Sepik Mouth, Awar, Bogia, Kulili, Kwun, Alexishafen, Nagada, Madang, Finschhafen, Salamaua, Bali, Garua, Toriu, Stockholm, Manuan.

SOUTHERN RUN—Matala, Put Put, Sum Sum, Kekere, Iwi, Aropa, Toboroi, Kieta, Arawa, Numa, Bonis, Buka Passage, Samo, Mageh, Lihir, Kavieng, Patlangat, Rangarere, Notre Mai, Langinoa, Asalingi, Neu Kauern, Manuan.

Agents: Colyer, Watson & Co.. Rabaul

Papuan Inter-Island Services M.V. Matoma (Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd.) make* round trips on a regular schedule from Samarai to Misima Island, via the Conflict Group.

M.V. Nusa (Steamships Trading Co., Ltd.) hold* the Papuan Government’s contract for carrying mails and passengers on the north-east coast of Papua. The Nusa connects with all Southern mail steamers at Samarai. 5.5. Papuan Chief (Steamships Trading Co, Ltd.) makes regular round trips from Port Moresby to Samarai via Kapa Kapa, Abau, and Baibara, returns by same route ; then Port Moresby to Daru via Hisiu, Yule Is., Kukipi, Orokolo, Kikori and back via Orokolo, Yule Island, and Hisiu—full trip occupying about one month.

Central Pacific Services Subject to alteration without notice. only) for Suva, Lautoka, Papeete, and N. American ports. She will carry a limited number of passengers in addition to mail and general cargo. The “Limerick” (8,724 tons) is scheduled to follow to Fiji and French Oceania about the middle of April.

UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agent*.

Noumea Australia The small steamer Neo Hebridais (Societe Maritime et Miniere Hagen) carries on a monthly service between Noumea, New Caledonia, and Newcastle, N.S.W. The round trip occupies about 17 days. 79 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

S.S. Morinda.

Sydney . Mar. 5 Mar. 17 Apr. 14 Lord Howe .. . Mar. 7 Mar. 19 Apr. 16 Norfolk Is. . Mar. 9 Mar. 21 Apr. 18 Vila Mar. 24- 25 — Bushman’s B. — Mar. 26 — Malo 1 Tangoa - Mar. 26 — Segond \ Aoba 1 Mar. 27 Hog Har. .. | r Vila Mar. 28 — Norfolk Is. ...

Mar. 10 Mar. 31 Apr 19 Lord Howe Mar. 12 Apr. 2 Apr. 21 Sydney Mar. 14 Apr. 5 Apr. 23 BURNS.

PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Hong Kong - N. Gi uinea - Sydney M.V, Neptuna.

Melbourne _ Apr 20 June 27 Aug. 31 Sydney Apr 22-27 Jn.29-Jy.2 Sept. 2-7 Salamaua _ May 4 July 9 Sept. 14 Rabaul May 6 July 11 Sept. 16 Cebu (opt.) - May 13 July 18 Sept. 23 Manila May 16 July 21 Sept. 26 Hong Kong May 18-22 July 23-27 S. 28-0. 2 Saigon May 28 Aug 2 Oct. 8 Madang June 8 Aug 13 Oct. 19 Salamaua June 11 Aug 16 Oct. 22 Rabaul June 14 Aug 19 Oct. 25 Sydney June 21 Aug 26-27 Nov. 1 Melbourne _ June 24 Aug 29 Nov. 4 BURNS.

PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

FOR SALE Young plantation, situated 13 miles from Kokopo, New Britain, Territory of New Guinea. Total area 268 hectares, with approximately 20,000 palms planted, ranging from 6 months to 9 years, average. 100 hectares good virgin land available for planting. This is a 99 years leasehold property, the first plantings being made early in 1928. Inspection invited. Nearest offer to £4,600 accepted on a walk-in, walk-out basis. Further particulars from — G. RENTON. Rabaul, T.N.G.

It Attracts They Eat It They Die

USOLINE NEVER KNOWN TO FAIL!

CERTAIN PFftTH AUSOLINE CO.. 314 CROWN STREET, SYDNEY (Established 1919) COCKROACH DESTROYER

It'S A Pastei

PRICES: lib. 5/- . . . 3lbs. 10/- Postage Extra.

Remit Cash with Order.

Obtainable also from Islands stores of; BURNS, PHILP & Co. Ltd.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd.

(Continued From Page 1.)

Passengers Per “Morinda” Which

SAILED PROM SYDNEY FOR LORD HOWE IS., NORFOLK IS., AND NEW HEBRIDES ON FEB- RUARY 3:—Messrs. Astley, Alderson. Bidwell, Burns, Bevan, Brown, Blake, Carr, Corney, Coghlan, Cleary, Collier, Donnelley, Flack, Fraser, Hyder, Jukes, Johnson, Jackson, Jaede, Morris (2), Mackley, Martin, Nicholls, Nott, Perry, Payten, Pearcey, Sykes, Vial, Bragg.

Mesdames Astley, Bevan, Brown, Canney, Carr, Coghlan, Donnelley, De Wilde, Fraser, Hadley!

Johnson, Jaede, Lawrence, Morelle, Nicholls, Perry. Misses Bone, Bennett, Bishton, Cunneen, Goodwin, Gladwyn, Kerr (2), Lancaster, Lawrence, McLeod, Mudge, Nicholls, Russell, Ruffles, Shradlow, Saunders, Tinkler, Taylor, Coghlan.

PASSENGERS PER “NEPTUNA” WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney Prom N.G. Ports On

FEBRUARY 4:—Messrs. Boyd, Brown, Banks, Baths, Carpenter, Clarke, Emery, Giblin, Halliday, Hanley, Huffori, Harvey, Hewson, Keith, Klee, Latchford, Murison, McLennan, Morgan, Murray (2), McKenna, Millar, Phibbs, Renton, Scherhag, Spiller, Wright (2), Warden, Zinge.

Mesdames Brown, Bergin, Banks, Brackham, Carpenter, Colquhoun, Everall, Halliday, Hufton, Keith, Lyall, Morgan (2), Murray, Millar, Peadon, Swanson, Taylor. Misses Allan, Brown, Dow, Gilmore, Hobler, Ovens, Osborne, Sedgers (2), Page (2),

Passengers Per “Malaita” Which

SAILED PROM SYDNEY FOR N.G. AND SOLO- MON ISLANDS PORTS ON FEBRUARY s: Messrs. Arnoult (2), Brownlees, Campbell, Catell, Dionne, de Wotrenge, Goodwin, Fry, Gallagher, Green, Higgs, Hart, Judd, Love, Mills, Macpherson, Napier, Noble, Pumala, Paton, Stephen, Walker, Wilson, Wilson, Williamson. Mesdames Anderson, Arnoult, Deck, Herricks, Hart, Judd, Kater, Love, Mills, Osborne, Paton, Leirstein, Snook, Walker. Misses Arnoult, Bernard, Common, Cohen, Devir, Edmondson, Leirstein, Riggall, Talbot, Zeunert; ' Sisters Immaculata and Veronica.

PASSENGERS PER “NIAGARA” WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From Suva, Fiji, On

FEBRUARY 12:—R. Rudolph, Mr. R. and Mrs.

A. Phillips, Mrs. A. and Miss A. M. Saunders, J. Stinson, P. Vallabh, Mrs. O. Southey, Mrs.

M., Miss V., and Masters A., C. and J. Stevenson, Mrs. A. and Masters R. and B. Trewenack, Mr. J. and Mrs. C. and Miss J. Trivett, R. Twentyman, L. Vance, Miss A. West, Mrs. E. Young, Mrs. M., Master J., and Misses M. and J. Twentyman, Mrs. A. and Miss P.

Vance, G. Young, K. Brabant, S. Carr, E.

Pordham, I. Handley, Mrs. E., Miss E. and Master N. Harness, Mrs. C. Langdon, Mr. H., Mrs. E. and Miss* S. Lansdown, J. Lindsay, Mrs. K. and Master D. Millikin, Miss A. Robins, Miss A. Shakspeare, Miss A. Storck. K.

Thornes, B. Vithal, Mrs. F. Walcot, L. Wilson, N. Winton-Brown, C. Cameron, F. Cocks, C.

Dayaram, A. George, E. Gibson, Miss M. Lagilevu. Miss J. Astley, Mr. A., Mrs. E., Master E., and Misses J. and B. Allman, Miss 1.

Blennerhasset, Mr. A. and Mrs. M. Bonamy, Mrs. 8., Master C. and Miss E. Chapman, Mr.

R. and Mrs. B. Clark, J. Clarkson, J. Chapman, Mr. W., Mrs.' E. Cozens and Miss A.

Cozens, Masters W. and C. Curry, Mrs. A. and Miss N. Finlayson, Miss J. Grahame, Mr. E. and Mrs. M. Griffiths, Mr. L. and Mrs. M.

Horsfield, E. Kenyon, W. King, Mrs. E. Lawlor, Mrs. J. Mackay, Mr. M., Mrs. E. and Miss P. Nicholls, Mrs. P. and Misses N. and B.

Potts, Miss A. Rice, A. Rourke, Miss B. Sherwood, Mr. A. and Mrs. A. Snodgrass, Masters A., N. and D. and Miss N. Snodgrass, S. H.

Snowsill.

Passengers Per “Nankin” Which Left

Sydney For Rabaul, N.G., On February

12: —Messrs. Bayley, Chambers, Clark, Murray, Hay (2), Edgell, Carpenter, Griffiths, Thornton, Costello, Thomas, Harding, Chan, Ramsay, Proven. Brother Hartmann. Mesdames Bayley, Murray, Hay, Forsyth, Edgell, Costello, Thomas. Miss Ware.

Sydney-Norfolk Island - New Hebrides VESSEL HITS SAMARAI WHARF.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

SAMARAI, Jan. 29. rpHE vessel “Norse Lady” arrived here Jl on January 6 and landed petroleum products for the local branch of the Vacuum Oil Co. As she was berthing, the ship hit the wharf, causing damage estimated at £l5O to the structure. After discharging her cargo, she sailed for Rabaul, New Guinea. ,

Death Of Old Papuan

IDENTITY.

Prom Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Feb. 6.

ON January 25, after a long illness, Joseph Danby died at his home at Bootless Inlet, Central Division. He first came to the territory in 1910 from Queensland, attracted by the rush to the Lakekamu goldfield. From the Lakekamu, he tried prospecting and recruiting, and later was employed as roads overseer to the Public Works Department.

“Joe” was well known and liked by the “old hands” in Papua. He had an unusual and varied life; before leaving England, his birthplace, he had been a scene-shifter, and, later in Australia, drover’s cook, travelling through much of Northern Australia.

PAPUA'S IMPROVED FINANCES.

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Feb. 2.

TOTAL revenue for the six months to December 31 was £93,560, an increase of £23,- 538 over 1936, after allowing for the amount previously included in the grant to rubber growers. The principal increases were in the Sale of Stamps (£18,738) and Customs and Excise Duties (£7,908). Mining receipts showed a decrease of £2,631.

Expenditure at £75,888 showed a rise of £6,671, the increases being shared by all departments. The largest increase was in the Government Secretary’s Department—£3,222.

Revenue shows a credit balance of £18,838, compared with £1,069, at the end of 1936. The Public Debt of the Territory stands at £58,- 997 —due to the Commonwealth Government for Public Works loans. 80 Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

Pacific Is. Travellers Published by Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street. Sydney. (Telephone: BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed in Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Cp. ? Pty., Ltd., 29 Alberta St., Sydney. (Telephone: MA 7101).

How Aerial Transport Developed New Guinea The Territory owes its amazing development to Aerial Transport. Since 1927, when the development of the Morobe Goldfield commenced, New Guinea's European population has been trebled. The new industry has increased the Empire's gold production by nearly £2,000,000 per annum, and has added enormously to the trade turnover of New Guinea.

Only Aerial Transport makes this possible. There is no road between the Goldfields and the coast. Only regular, uninterrupted air services are responsible for the carrying in of Dredges, Crushing Mills, Cyaniding Plants, Motor Vehicles, Hydro-Electric Machinery, thousands of passengers and every type of goods needed by a large and growing European community.

Guinea Airways, Limited

were established in 1927. They have grown in the following way, until they are now THE LARGEST FREIGHT CARRY- ING SERVICE IN THE WORLD : I t One of Guinea Airways’ giant freight-carrying aeroplanes with a typical load. This big G-31 Junkers machine transported from Lae, on the coast, to Wau, the Goldfields csntre in the interior, a Baby Austin motor car, an office safe, and 38 bags of rice—a total weight of nearly 21 tons!

GUINEA AIRWAYS, LIMITED, operate regular air services in New Guinea and Papua; they use over fifty Aerodromes and Landing-grounds in the two Territories.

Australian Services. —SYDNEY-ADELAIDE; Direct Service. Flying time, hours. Daily except Sundays.

ADELAIDE-DARWIN: Weekly, leaving Adelaide every Saturday. Arrive Darwin Sunday. / LIMITED

Lae- Salamaua

Head Office: Austral Chambers, Currie Street, Adelaide, S.A., New Guinea Office: Lae, Mandated Territory of New Guinea.

BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU— SALAMAUA—PORT MORESBY AND SYDNEY.

Pacific Islands Monthly, February 21, 193 8.

The more SATISFACTION you’ll f K.BJ & % cP 3 :J D v * o N c° <& o s kt ss the sun beats down with throatparching fierceness—when the air shimmers with the tropical heat—that's when you'll really appreciate the cooling, enjoyable qualities of K. 8.; for the hotter the weather, the more real refreshment there is in a cool, satisfying glass of TOOTH'S K.B. LAGER.

Pacific Islands Monthly, Feb ‘ 2*l, 193 8.