PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly SEPTEMBER, 1960 Vol. XXXI. No. 2 tablished 1930 at the GJ>.O„ .S'ydneJyCw, v transmission hy post a o newspdj^}.

A colourful period in the aviation history of the South Pacific ended in September when TEAL's last surviving Solent flying-boat made its final journey on the Coral Route. The 4,600 mile round trip between Suva and Papeete was the last regular flying-boat service of any importance anywhere in the world. Land planes will now take over. Here, garlands of flowers called heis (not leis) trail in the water as passengers say farewell to Tahiti.

-Ps

New Guinea And Papua

mmm tsa'JU MM u Now.. .TAA serves the Territory TAA, Top Australian Airline already the largest domestic airline in the British Commonwealth now flies between Australia and the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, linking with 44 places within Papua, New Guinea, Dutch New Guinea and the neighbouring islands. More people fly TAA to more places on more flights because they know that TAA offers more of everything that “Service” means. Next time you fly, fly TAA. Reservations and information at any authorised Travel Agent or TAA Office.

Fly Taa The Friendly Iva Y

zz m Bookings: At authorised Travel Agents, or at TAA, Musgrave Street, Port Moresby, Phone 2101; Airport Centre, Lae, Phone 2311 4 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1960

i fij ff fnpfr ig “ ;; Coleman

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IRONS; Kerosene or petrol. Easy guiding, easy gliding.

SOLUS STOVES: In silent and roarer types.

Representative for Pacific Islands ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD., Sydney ROBERT GILLESPIE (N.G.) LTD., Loe, Modong, Rabaul, Port Moresby PEARCE fir CO. LTD., Suva for Fiji Islands 1 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Target Shooting Is Good Sport!

Si -s* 4 o 9S On the inside of each new ICI .22 Rimfire Cartridge pack there is a practice target.

Your retailer also has free five-bull practice targets. Ask for them each time you buy .22 Rimfires your perfect partner for good shooting.

The new colourful packs in the ICI range contain the same high-quality .22 Rimfire Cartridges famous the world over for consistent accuracy and excellent performance. sm.

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Sporting Cartridges

Manufactured by IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES OF AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND LTD.

AM7791 3 4 c I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

THE CHINA NAVIGATION CO. LTD. (A British Company incorporated within the United Kingdom.) Mad Passenger Liners: M.S. "SINKIANG"

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"CHEKIANG" (Cargo only) Connecting Japan, Hong Kong, New Guinea, New Hebrides, New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga, thence return Japan direct. <, V ' '' For further particulars please apply to Agents or refer to the weekly advertisements in the “South Pacific Post ”, AGENTS: PAPUA; Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., Port Moresby, Samarai.

Cables: "Steamships".

NEW GUINEA: Colyer Watson (N.G.) Ltd... Lae, Madang, Rabaul.

Cables: "Colyeram".

NOUMEA; Etablissements Ballande, Rue de L'Alma, Boite Postale 18, Noumea.

HONIARA: British Islands Trading Corporation.

VILA: Les Comptoirs Francaise des Nouvelles-Hebrides.

JAPAN; Butterfield & Swire (Japan) Ltd., Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, Kobe. Cables: "Swire".

FIJI: Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

SANTO: Les Comptoirs Francaise des Nouvelles-Hebrides.

APIA: Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

NUKUALOFA: Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

TAHITI: Etablissements Donald.

EASTERN MANAGERS: Butterfield & Swire Ltd., 1 Connaught Road Central, Hong Kong. Cables: "Swire".

General Agents in Australia SWIRE & YUILL PTY. LTD. 4 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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For Jarrah, Cedar, Stained Floors & Woodwork Piccaninny Polishes are manufactured by PICCANINNY MANUFACTURING CO. 254 Pittwater Road, Manly, N.S.W., Australia PEOPLE Because the 15th session of the lited Nations General Assembly ening on September 20 in New >rk could produce some con- >versial debates the Trustee bjects on the agenda include New tinea and Nauru—a top member the Commonwealth Government, ■ Garfield Barwick, Attorneyneral, is leading this year’s deletion. One of the Advisers to the legation is Mr. G. W. Toogood. ;cutive officer of the Department the Administrator, Port Moresby, e session will last for three nths. ter completing his three years’ i in Samoa, Mr. C. H. (“Cam”) ler, Director of Broadcasting, med to NZ early in September, er his guidance, 2AP’s protimes developed in a realistic efficient way, particularly with °an language broadcasts. Just : from a refresher training se in NZ, Mr. Frank Brunt, a [ member of 2AP’s staff, is now ng Director of Broadcasting in tern Samoa. * * * • get the current picture, from uhtary point of view, Colonel Murray, US Military Attache in [?]island's "Gold Coast" is attempting to out- [?]the sunny South Pacific Islands as a [?]t attraction. They have now began send- [?] heir representatives abroad to show the [?]-and here's one. She's 18-year-old dental [?]J ean Clark, crowned "Princess of Paracity",as she arrived in Auckland by TEAL a on the first stage of a New Zealand tour as a "goodwill emissary". 5 GiriG ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

A Alii NEW TWIST!

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First Class Tobacco. Golden Bird special Twist is made from highest grade overseas tobacco leaf as used in expensive pipe tobacco. It is not bitingly strong but smokes sweet and mellow. Any pipe smoker would enjoy Golden Bird in his pipe.

Uniform Quality. Golden Bird is well made by modern, improved machines, each twist being of regular shape and even weight.

Highly Mould Resistant. “Golden Bird” was tested b'. the C.5.1.R.0. Here is the text of the report: “The failure to develop mould growth within four weeks at 90% relative humidity at 77° F. temperature indicates that the samples submitted have manifested a considerable resistance to attack by moulds.” (Mould grows fastest at this temperature).

Special Packing. To guard against the effects of high humidity and to ensure complete smoking satisfaction, Golden Bird is supplied in moisture-proof, sealed polythene bags of 3 lbs. Packed in 30 lb. outers and in 90 lb. shippers.

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Canberra, flew up to New Guine on an inspection tour during th first week in September. He late went on to Netherlands New Guine to carry out a similar survey. * * * In Melbourne at the end ( August, awaiting a ship to can him home to Nauru, was Re Itubra Amram, first ordaine minister of Nauru Protestai Church. Mr. Amram, who traine for six years at Camden Theologic College, NSW, has just complete a further 12 months of study at tl Union Theological Seminary, Ne York.

Suva legal fraternity, through IV R L. Munro, president of the F Law Society, gave a special welcoi to Mr. Moti Tikaram, first Fi Indian appointed as magistral when he took his place on t Bench at Suva Magistrate’s con on September 1.

Bankers, so their overdn burdened clients say, are seldf friendly people, but in Fiji <► exception was Mr. W. J. (“Jinr Lahore, who was first managerthe ANZ Bank Ltd. in Suva. . amiable personality and liw interest in people and places wll he sojourned in Fiji won hinr Off to Europe on a long holiday with his w[?] and family in August was the popular Sen[?] Customs Officer and Sub-cashier at Santo,N[?] Hebrides, Mr. Jack Holder. Mr. Holder, [?] Australian, has been in the New Hebrides si[?] 1937, the last six years of them in Santo.[?] Santo Customs brings in revenue of £25,[?] a year.

Married at St. Luke's Church, Suva, recent[?] Mr. and Mrs. Desmond Campbell. Mr. Camp[?] is with the CSR, and his bride was form[?] Miss Joy Knapper, tutor sister at the Cem[?] Medical School, Suva.

Photo: C. L. Chif

I

Your Family

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Get Vitamin Bl in many different ways, with delicious: VEGEMITE SPREADS so SMOOTHLY on toast *r^U: DELICIOUS on biscuits SO NOURISHING in sandwiches Every member of the family needs Vitamin B x every day for VITALITY.

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But remember! The body cannot store up Vitamin Bi —it needs a fresh supply daily. So enjoy Vegemite every day —for Vitality.

ENRICHES gravies KR3 lost of friends. He was transferred i couple of years ago to the nanagership of the main ANZ Sydney branch. Last month, the lables from Suva were running hot with congratulatory messages when te was made the bank’s chief nanager for NSW. * * * Mr. Robert Charles Symes, a well jiown resident of the British lolomon Islands and of New Juinea, and Mrs. Judy Wales, irmerly of New Guinea and widow f the late Mr. Hector Wales, who r as well known in that Territory efore World War 11, in August nnounced their engagement. Mrs.

Tales has been a resident of Aus- •alia for some time. It is expected lat the marriage will take place ext January.

A lone traveller who was seen in ; w Zealand, Fiji and Samoa in :ent months was Mr. Berson seph, a Marshall Islander, who is engaged in the study of educa- •nal broadcasting on a six months’ lowship awarded by UNESCO.

Mr. Joseph has been identified th Station WSZO in the Marshalls ■ 3! years; in addition, he has en teaching mathematics and ence at the Intermediate School. ■ is a full-blooded Micronesian, Wotho Atoll. * * » Just back in Noumea after an sence of two years is Rev. Father cob, a New Caledonian native est who spent the last two years Rome (where he gained a sological degree) and in a parish Chartres, France. Father Jacob s ordained a priest five years ago ;er completing studies at the mmaire at Paita, 20 miles from umea. He served some time at umea’s Cathedral, “it has been the Church to prove the rth of the New Caledonian [?]aded for Noumea, but visiting Port Moresby August from Manila, where he was First [?]retary with the Australian Embassy, was [?] Keith Douglas-Scott. In October Mr [?]glas-Scott will take over the post of Aus- [?]lian Consul in Noumea from Mr. Rodney [?]dgson, who will be returning to Canberra. 7 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Pour on Carnation for the best dessert you ever tasted!

You’ll love the way creaming with CARNATION MILK brings out that delicious, fruity flavour. Pure, fresh, “double-rich” CARNATION is so rich it actually whips! No wonder it gives desserts such a smooth, rich, luxury taste a taste you can’t get any other way.

And it’s so simple just punch and pour straight from the can.

Try creaming your desserts this new, easy way with convenient economical CARNATION. It’s the quickest way there is to turn a dessert into a treat. -•x Creaming with CARNATION is real economy—costs you less than halj the price o] ordinary cream Mil* Carnation Milk From contented cows iM rich > So rich, it even whips. v

Milk In Its Most Convenient Form

native” (comments a Noumean resi dent). “It is only the Churc which has had the courage to tak a full-blooded native and train hir for a high post. Father Jacob ha pointed the way—there is no reaso why the future should not see nativ lawyers, doctors and scholar There is actually an elite passir through Noumea’s La Perom college which should do honor 1 the New Caledonian race”. * * * A Fijian and an Indian repr< sented the Colony of Fiji at tl Bth Conference of the World Ai sembly of Youth held at Acer Ghana, in mid-August. They we: Ratu Jone Vuiyasawa, of the Fijis Affairs Board staff and president i the Viti Club, and Mr. Shankar Li of the Education Department schools broadcasts unit. Both a members of the Fiji Council < Social Services, and Mr. Lai lat went on to UK to take a pos graduate course in social welfare Swansea University, New Guinea, just recovering frc a rash of VIP visitors in July a August, is about to steel itself 1 another invasion. The president the Australian Council of Trg Unions, Mr. A. E. Monk, and t ACTU junior vice-president, Mr.

Evans, will fly to New Guinea October. They are members of group reported to be “studying t economic and social position white and coloured people Papua-New Guinea”. Others in t party will be representatives employers and the Federal Govei ment. It will be Mr. Monk’s 4( trip overseas, and he will contin on to Geneva to attend an Int: national Labour Organisation me ing. * * * Miss Fanaafi Ma’ia’i, first Samo woman university graduate, w recently was appointed lecturer education at Victoria Universe In the Solomons in August were Dr. T. J.

Jamieson (left) and Mr. G. F. Witchell.

Jamieson, Medical Superintendent at Vil[?] Raton Memorial Hospital, was on tour to st[?] hospital construction and organisation in BSIP and P-NG. Mr. Witchell, travelling [?] missioner for the international headquarters the Boy Scouts' Association, is on a five mont[?] tour of the South Pacific, conducting train[?] programmes and checking on Scouting devel ments. 8

September. 19 6 0 -Pacific Islands Monthi

For a long cool drink on a long hot day P* 0 IC7 Never any risk of running out of soda-water with a Sparklets syphon. You make the soda yourself—the easy way. Just fill the syphon with water, screw on a Sparklets bulb . . . and up comes the soda, crisp and lively. And you know without doubt that it’s fresh and pure. if you keep your new Sparklets syphon in your refrigerator you’ll have a supply of ice-cold soda always ready. There’s a fine range of colours to choose from and it makes a wonderful gift.

Sparklets syphons

Sparklets Limited London Nl7 England

Wellington, NZ, has written a ihildren’s book. Stories of Old lo,moa. It contains the old legends I Western Samoa in attractive orm and has been well received in Few Zealand. ♦ * * Among 23 scientists who paid a uick visit to Papua-New Guinea at le end of August, after an interational symposium on chemistry eld in Australia, was a leading ritish professor, Sir Alexander odd. He told reporters that, in his union, meat was more important lan education for the Territory’s itives— they appeared to lack an lequate meat supply in their diet, lucation is very necessary, he freed, but the natives cannot ach their full potential unless ey are properly fed. He urged at the job of developing P-NG ould be tackled by the British unmonwealth rather than by istralia alone, with her limited oney resources.

Ir. and Mrs. Jacques Villeminot sed through Sydney on their / to New Guinea in August to ry out four months’ anthro- Dgical work on behalf of the nch Government. A lecturer at Musee de Paris, Mr. Villeminot, > in Australia in 1955 doing rerch work among Central Auslian tribes and he has written ee books about the aborigines I Australia generally. * * * Miss Marjorie Stewart, South Pacific Commission’s [?]nation of a new Boy Scoot Troop at [?]angi, Rarotonga, in August has added inst to Scouting in the Cooks. Rarotonga [?]ously had only one Scout troop but now we are two a keen sense of competition is [?]cted to develop. Here is the investment [?]mony of the new All Saints Troop. Scooter [?]aiau receives his scarf from Scoutmaster [?]n Sullivan, while District Scout Commissioner J. D. Campbell stands by.

Photo: R. D. Moore. 9 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

&

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Women’s Interests Officer who has been in Fiji for the past six months; went on to Tonga in August. Hei work among Fijian women was ar outstanding success—Women’s Clubs have mushroomed all over the Colony, with their attendant programmes of hygiene, sewing, cooking and gardening. From Tonga Miss Stewart will move on to th( US Trust Territory of Micronesia. * * * From the little town of Tugun in South Queensland, three forme] residents send kindly greetings t* some of the old generation o; people in Fiji. They are Mr Christopher Wager, now aged 81 who for long years was a promin ent police official in Fiji; Mi Arthur Freeman, who now is 8‘ years of age but who still defie the withering hand of time an* cherishes many memories of ols friends in Fiji; and Mr. Freeman’ daughter, Mrs. Jane Robertsor who also made many friends in Fij: Mr. Ron Webb, the South Pacif Commission’s administrative office recently spent a week in Pago Pag inspecting and making plans f« the next South Pacific Conferenc It will be held there in July 196 and Governor Coleman hopes it w; coincide with the completion « the new Tafuna international aij port. The last South Pacific Con ference was in Rabaul in 1959. * * * Commander A. W. Savage, we known in the Pacific through h command of HMAS Tobruk (whit recently made a South Pacific to* together with HMAS Anzac) September was appointed Au tralian Military Adviser’s repn sentative at the SEATO militai planning office, Bangkok. T h appointment will be for two yea from next January, with the actij rank of Captain. He succeeds Gro< Captain G. H. Steege, also W' known in the Islands. * * * Mr. John Wesley Coulter, Pn fessor of Geography at the Ue versity of Cincinatti, well kno'' writer on Pacific subjects—he wro Fiji, Little India of the Pacif in 1942—was in Fiji for a week August after spending three montt in French South Pacific territon studying human geography uno an Association of American Ge graphers’ research grant.

Married at Arorangi, Rarotonga, in August, the London Missionary Society Church —Jimir Wichman to Salome Joannides.

Photo: R. D. Mooi 10 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L.

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E2BI ZJonrad Dube, French Canadian ppled cyclist who has been mak- \ an extensive tour of the South cific over the past year or so, was en a happy send-off from Papeete July when he departed with his ich decorated bicycle aboard a ssageries Maritimes liner for aama and Brazil. Dube made ny friends during his stay in hiti and he was bedecked with vers on his departure. the High Court of American oa, bank employee Ben Tau of ei. was sentenced to 16 months on a charge of having emled $3OO from Bank of American oa funds. graphed in Vila in August—well-known Hebrides businessman Oscar Newman, who had large plantation interests there. He how sold his interests and in September [?]ts to leave the New Hebrides “more or permanently" and live in his house near Roseville, Sydney.

O. Simpson a WHO official in Suva he is lecturer at the Central Medical headed a band of enthusiasts who sed a Suva street appeal in August for to send a Fijian Olympic party to Rome.

Here he is, on the job.

Photo: C. L. Cheng. 11 cIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

\ K Ml L, oM jjji JrY'S • • . because there is a glass and a half of pure, fresh, full-cream milk in every half pound of Cadbury’s Dairy Milk Chocolate Wo2s/2FC/ 9 The Qantas house flag was pullec down at Lae, New Guinea, on September 1 and TAA’s run up, t« show that a new era in P-NG internal air services had begun Qantas officially left New Guinea or that date. TAA general manager Mr. John Hyland, and Mr. Cedrii Oliver. Qantas Islands manager both had nice things to say abou each other’s companies that da: at a hail and farewell luncheon Mr. Hyland added that TAA, witß its New Guinea routes, was nov the biggest domestic airline in th Commonwealth and one of tin world’s biggest.

Former French Finance Ministi Antoine Pinay passed thrmig Noumea with his son and a priva secretary so quickly that he wj gone before most Frenchmen kne he had ever been in New Caledomi Mr Pinay said he was merely mal ing a world holiday tour —and 11 headed for Sydney. * * * It is perhaps fortunate that rw everyone in the world has conscience like Mr. Clive Camera MHR, who recently visited Ne Guinea and now is an expert on tl subject.

What is troubling Mr. Gamer* and a group of natives in tl; Sangara area of Papua, is that 1917 the native owners sold 28,41 acres of land to the Commonweal!

Government for trade goods to tk Bishop George Bernarding, SVD, newly cons crated Divine Word Missionary Bishop for t[?] Mount Hagen vicariate of New Guinea. T[?] picture was taken at Pittsburgh Cathedral d[?] ing his consecration by Bishop John Wrig[?] Bishop of Pittsburgh. The new Bishop, on[?] episcopal coat-of-arms, has a coconut pa[?] perched atop Mt. Hagen. Coconuts don't gr[?] at Hagen but the palm symbolises the tv[?] coastal vicariates of Wewak and Alexisha[?] from which the Mount Hagen vicariate w[?] formed. 12 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

5 fascinating cheese flavours

■ Kraft Spreads

for quick-spreading on sandwiches and savouries Blue Cheese Spread KRAFT L Blue c heese soreai kraft Gorgonzola c heese spread kraft Cream Cheese Spread y Gorgonzola Cheese Spread Cream Cheese Spread kraft Smokay cheese pread Smokay Cheese Spread Cheddar Cheese Spread These Kraft Spreads come in slim and attractive re-usable glasses which will prove very handy. kraft Cheddar Ch Spread eese Just look! 5 easy-to-spread treats all deliciously different. Kraft Spreads bring new, tasty variety to party savouries —or spread on toast fingers or biscuits for quick snacks ideal for sandwiches, too.

Be sure you always have Kraft Spreads in your pantry there’s a flavour to delight every member of your family.

KRI alue of £2BB/11/6. Both Mr. ameron and the present genera on of natives (whose forebears sold ) think it was a lousy deal and ant a judicial inquiry into it.

In Parliament in Canberra in ,te August, the Minister for Terrifies explained to Mr. Cameron lat the £2BB worth of trade goods •including beads, tobacco, rice, ces, etc. —were given as payment s was customary” then and that was apparently acceptable to the eputed owners of the land at that ne and for many years afterirds”. However, in 1951, the inister said, a younger generation ade representations and had rewed them since. He didn’t see at there was any case for apinting a Judge to hold an inquiry. society wedding with all the immgs took place at All Saints irch, Woollahra, Sydney, in ust, when Julienne, daughter of G Assistant Director of Lands, L. Anthony and Mrs. Anthony, Tied Captain Adrian Clunies- 3, son of the late Sir lan Cluniess and of Lady Clunies-Ross. y met in Port Moresby, where oaptain was with the Pacific rids Regiment. Julienne was born labaul. A month before, another a S" bor P gir1 ’ Janet Normoyle, =hter of the P-NG Police Commoner, was married to Mr lan ertson. in Port Moresby, by the lop ?. f J* ew Gui nea, Bishop ►ng who had confirmed her Mr weP known as first fwill shortly e the sea for a job in Sydney. [?] ceremony at the top of New Guinea's [?]m Pass in August, the widow of Patrol [?]e r . Rupert Haviland (top) was present at the [?]iling of a memorial plaque in his honour, [?]as erected by his friends. Rupert Haviland [?]largely responsible for the building of the [?]lands road over the Kasam Pass. He died [?]pectedly in October, 1958, leaving a widow and two children. 13 CIFI ° ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

(a/nv'ft&pub cofmoi.ivittv i|e% mlvn(\ P Gay canvas the fashion fabric of outdoor living enjoys a place in the sun no other material can match for smart decoration, lasting beauty, light weight and versatility.

Colourful awnings, cool, absorbent chairs and lounges, canvas wading pools for the children and shade-giving umbrellas are but a few of the many attractive items in canvas.

Ask your local canvas supplier for a free catalogue he will help you choose the ideal canvas accessories to beautify your home. 613 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Pacific Islands Monthly

A News Magazine Distributed In Australia, New Zealand And These Pacific Islands Publisher: R. W. ROBSON.

Editors:

Tudor Stuart Inder

Manager: SELWYN HUGHES.

NES: General Business, Editorial, Ivertising, Subscriptions: 197-8, MA 7101, MA 4369.

'.0. BOX 3408, SYDNEY, ired Address for Telegrams, ns. Cables: "Pacpub", Sydney.

IAL SUBSCRIPTION RATES; ides surface postage except where stated) ic Is. —Papua-N.G., Samoa, Norfolk, B.S.I., Cook Is., G.&E. Grp., Niue, lebrides, and other cific Islands . .. £1 4 0 icific Territories (N. lia, Fr. Polynesia); utch N.G £1 7 0 lia and N.Z. . .. £1 10 0 British Commont h Countries, and (40/- Stg.) . .. £2 10 0 . and U.S. Pacific ies ($6.00 U.S.) . £2 12 6 pies (postage extra) 2 6 ANCH OFFICE, PAPUA-

New Guinea

jblications (New Guinea) Ltd., luilding. Fourth St., LAE, New Jinea. Tel.; Lae 2577.

Pat Robertson, Manager. \NCH OFFICE IN FIJI: s Building, Gordon St., Suva.

Tel.: 4043. *RESENTATIVE IN N.Z.; Whitcombe, P.0. Box 5179, Jckland. Tel.: 22.570.

RESENTATIVE IN U.K.: hburn, 13 Rood Lane, London, Tel.: Mincing Lane 8633.

HE OFFICE; Newspaper House, ms St., Melbourne, Victoria Tel.: 63.7053.

All main trading firms and i m the Pacific Islands.

Agency In Australia

ublications Pty., Ltd., is the i agent for THE FIJI TIMES, of Suva. Fiji.

CONTENTS No. 2. Vol. XXXI.

September, 1960 PEOPLE: Personal Paragraphs of Islands' Interest 5 Government "May Relinquish Majority" in P-NG Council 17 Fijians Won't Accept Major Part of Burns Plan 17 187 Dutch New Guineans Came Home 18 Julian Amery's Visit; Future of British Pacific 18 Fiji Sugar Deadlock Broken 19 Significant Moves Against Disorder by Fijians 19 Rabaul's Wedding of the Year 19 Lively Interest in Norfolk Island Council 20 Important Change in P-NG Native Wages 20 The Copra War Livens Up 21 No Change in NNG's Status 21 Mr. David Trench is New High Commissioner for the Western Pacific . 22 West Samoa Hammers Out its New Constitution 23 NNG Has a Political Party 23 COMMENTARY; A Look at Pacific and World Affairs 25 The Editors' Mailbag 27 The People You Meet: Stuart Inder's Islands Roundup 29 SYDNEYSIDER at Home Base 37 Death of Mr. Graham Kerr 41

Territories' Talk-Talk 45

Two Who Have Cruised a Year 51 Vietnamese to Leave the New Hebrides 53 On the Trail of the Cargo Cultists .. 57 New BSIP Wet Rice Project 65 Professor Who Collects Pacific Languages 67 How a Fiji Mill Got into Operation . 69 Book Review: Pacific Territories Just Happened 73 The Wood Carvers of Bougainville .... 77 MAGAZINE SECTION: Brett Hilder's Profile, 81; Tropicalities, 81; Crossquiz, 82; Do You Remember? 82; Life with an Oil Drum, 83; How Tahiti Became French, 84; My Chinatown! 87; Book Reviews 88 This Month's News of Ships and Yachts 103 PACIFIC REPORT (Index p. 17) 119 OBITUARIES: W. H. ("Tavua") Johnson; C. B. Dupertuis; Mr. Frank Allen; Mr. Harold Adcock; Mr. John Price; Mr. Arthur Cresswell; Ratu Eroni Buresova 149 Commerce and Produce 161 Sports Review 151 Shipping and Airways Timetables 153 A Product of Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney (29 Alberta Street is 10 yards from the intersection of Goulburn Street and Wentworth Aventte.)

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[?]overnment "May Relinquish Majority" In P-NG Council From a Special Correspondent CANBERRA.

The Administration of Papua-New Guinea may possibly lose its official majority in the new Territory Legislative Council. [”S understood that Cabinet has discussed this important and most surprising proposal, and it an announcement will be made m. \ decision on the composition of 3 new Council will certainly give 3 Territory increased native and ropean representation through increase in electorates, fhe present three electorates, of pua, the New Guinea Mainland d the New Guinea Islands may ih be divided into two, and a tive and a European elected from ;h. rhe composition of the Council is ely to be, if the plan goes through: Pwelve elected members (six native, six European).

Den nominated members (native and European). [Twelve Government members, plus the Administrator.

Dhe new electoral divisions are 3ly to be east and west Papua, ; New Guinea Highlands, the New inea Mainland. New Britain and ; New Guinea Islands.

Such a composition will mean, course, that the elected and ninated members voting toiler can defeat Government legision. )ne of the arguments apparently ; forward for this important pro- ;al was that the most contentious i vital legislation—that of income ;—had already been put through i Council, and that there was no ter legislation of similar import- -3e that could now arrive and s defeat. Such legislation that aid go to the new Council would legislation dealing with internal tters where the local knowledge members can be expected to mt —such as liquor and native our.

Legislation Foreshadowed n any case, under the new com- -ition, important legislation would hably be foreshadowed, and mbers would be given plenty of ice beforehand. Their opinions aid be canvassed behind the nes. If it is obvious the proposed v legislation had no possible mce of being passed because the jority of the unofficial members aid be against it, then the legison would not be submited, or it aid be amended.

Vith a composition of at least 12 vernment members to 22 unofficial members, more than half of the unofficial membership would have to agree on legislation before it could be put through, otherwise the Government would be able to use its strength to out-vote them.

No doubt also the Government could be expected to search for moderates to be nominated to the unofficial membership—men it can depend on to be sympathetic to the Government’s point of view.

But whether it does this or not, such a composition would certainly be welcomed in New Guinea as a democratic one and a startling move by the Government. Mr.

Hasluck, it is understood, has had much to do with the planning Electoral College The election of native members will probably be undertaken through an electoral college of the type now being operated in Netherlands New Guinea to help establish the New Guinea Council.

Delegates will be elected from each division, who will meet and finally choose the six members to represent the native viewpoint in the Counqil. There will, presumably. be nothing to prevent such a college electing a suitable European to represent the native vote.

The next Legislative Council meeting—the first of the new term —will begin in Port Moresby on October 17.

It will be in new Legislative Council chambers, formerly the European Hospital building, which has been completely redesigned and fitted with air-conditioning.

This session will be opened by the Governor-General, Lord Dunrossil.

The Council will probably be prorogued early in its sessions, and the new enlarged Legislative Council should be operating some time next year.

Pacific Report

Turn to these inside pages for more highlights of the month’s news: Big Sea Search Fails—ll 9; Fiji Labour Precedent—ll 9; Death Comes to a Lone Hander; Fiji Stabilisation Fund Problem—l2l Japanese Team Busy in Tonga—l2B-' New Fiji Store is “Islands Largest” —128; Coral Route Plans—l 29; Five Days as Castaways; Former Pago Pago Man on Serious Charge —133; Future of Norfolk’s Air Services—l3s; Cooks Labour Conditions; Anthropologist Refused P-NG Entry—l 36.

US Will Look at Samoan Economics —139; Anti-Blood Transfusion Pamphlet: NNG Natives to Visit Holland—l 39; Daru Puts on a Show—l 42; Stores Fined for Overcharging Natives—l 43; Mishap Delays “Malaita”—l44.

Fijians Won't Accept Major Clauses Of The Bums Plan Little progress has been made in the adoption by,Fiji of the Bums Plan, published last March, and designed to re-arrange the governmental structure so as to provide for the demands of a greatly iozcreased —and increasing — population.

A LARGE proportion of the Report’s minor recommendations have been agreed to by the Government; but the few major recommendations—w ith o u t the acceptance of which the Burns Plan is virtually useless—have still to be agreed to. , Council of Fijian Chiefs, after lengthy sessions, informed th e Governor on September 7 that it mission s report for the 8-Dolition ox the Fiji Administration and the merging of its powers in the Central Administration; penal taxation of Fijian-owned lands which are not being effectively used; and other recommendations relating to the use of revenues from lands. The Council by a small majority, accepted in ’ principle the direct election of three Fijian representatives to the Legislative Council, plus two elected by the Council of Chiefs, The effect of the Council of Chiefs’ decisions is to stultify the Burns Commission’s plan of reform. The Commission in its Report emphasised that its plan must be accepted as a whole.

Expert observers say the refusal of the Fijians to agree to the major recomme Adations-?especlally refoi-m of administration and reform of the i _ _ nAnffAi nf :n rwnKnKiTr _•__ i probably cripple th ® wh “ e . p J a JV „ The Legislative Council will meet on September 27; but several weeks probably will elapse before it will commence consideration of the Burns Report. This debate would become one of the most important and critical in the recent history of Fiji. 17 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

187 Came Home From Hollandia, NNG, in August came a report of how 187 Papuans “came back” to Dutch territory from Indonesia.

IT happened in April when the people of the small village of Torobi, on Koflau Island, which is in NNG close to the western sea border which divides NNG from Dutch-hating Indonesia, were astonished to see a great number of outrigger canoes heading for shore. All were loaded with people, plus pigs, goats and other live stock. Soon. 187 men, women and children were walking up the beach.

They were led by a village preacher Willem Wanma, who reported the fugitives had taken four days to make the crossing from Indonesian territory and on the way a baby had been born, Wanma told how his people had always been seagoing people who had regularly visited what were now the Indonesian islands.

In about 1936, people from the Dutch islands of Numfoor and Biak had settled what is now Indonesia’s island of Obi. where they had worked with a Dutch firm. When war broke out and there was no work, the migrants moved to the small island of Bisa, and around 1945 an entire village of people from Biak and Numfoor had established itself there. The men mixed with the local Indonesian, but Christian, population.

Wanma reported that conditions had deteriorated in the last few years and Chinese shop owners were ordered by the Indonesian Government to close their shops and go to the big cities. Then the New Guinea immigrants made their plans to return home. Officially they were not allowed to go so they had packed up one night and gone.

The NNG Government has assisted the 187 fugitives with food and supplies and has returned them to villages in the Geelvink Bay area, where the elders originated.

Julian Amery'S Visit

Future Of British Pacific Islands Under Examination There could be considerable significance in this month’s unexpected visit to the South Pacific Territories of Mr. Julian Amery, Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the British Colonies, who will be accompanied by Mr. H. P. Hall, head of the Pacific and Indian Ocean Sections of the Colonial Office.

MR. AMERY will arrive in Sydney on September 15, and fly directly to New Zealand; and in Wellington he will have discussions with representatives of the Australian and New Zealand Territories Departments, in relation to the South Pacific countries where Britain has joint interests with the Dominions.

From New Zealand, Mr. Amery and Mr. Hall will fly to Australia; and thence they will fly north tc visit Papua and New Guinea, as guests of the Australian Government.

Mr. Amery will proceed from New Guinea to the British Solomon Islands (due in Honiara on September 26); and thence to New Hebrides, and on to Fiji.

Important Tour Mr. Amery will be in Fiji in the early part of October; and the indications are that, from Fiji, he will visit Tonga and the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony.

He and his party are due back in London on October 30.

It is considered certain that Mr' Amery will examine, not only the local administrative conditions ir the several Territories and Colonies which they will visit, but also— • The future interests of New Zealand and Australia in relation to Fiji and Tonga. • The future defence of South Pacific Islands against growing anti-West power in South and East Asia. • The future interests of Australia and the Territory of Papus and New Guinea in relation to the British Solomon Islands and the New Hebrides Condominium. • The future of Fiji in relation to (a) the implementation of the recommendations of the Burn,* Report (b) the extent of Australia’s economic interests in Fiji and (cX the need for some degree of constitutional reform in Fiji, to provide for rapidly changing population ano community changes there.

The outstanding post-war facton (Continued on page 150) These are some of more than 20 outrigger canoes, with 187 people aboard, who escaped over "the Western border".

This young mother was one of the fugitives.

Obviously she has some Indonesian blood in her now. 18

September, 1960 Pacific Islands Monthly!

Sugar Deadlock Broken : All Mills Now Working In Fiji The four Colonial Sugar Refining Co. sugar-mills in Fiji were in full operation, in mid-September, and the nine-months' war between the company and the Indian cane-farmers was over. Nevertheless, difficulties still lie ahead.

I EITHER side won a victory I worth boasting about.

The company finally got its 11s going, but under conditions lich probably will show little Dfit in the 1960 season, rhe growers will cut and sell ough cane at the 1959 price (conied to them by the company in e June) to keep them off the jadline; but they will get nothr, to compensate them for the s they sustained when, instead beginning to cut on June 21, they lowed Messrs. A. D. Patel and iya into a wilderness of meandess argument and screaming •y against the CSR. rhe company had planned to proce, between June 21 and early nuary, enough raw sugar to fill J quota of 199,000 tons allowed i under the international agreent. Even that would have left a ge proportion of the cane stand- : in the fields, unwanted and un- Big Losses Tow, with 21 months lost in jiment and idleness, it is doubtful ether the quota can be produced The growers stand to lose, not y the cane grown in 1959-60, (Continued on page 150)

The History Of

The Deadlock

inuary-June.—Numerous conferences fail to reach agreement on 1960 rates and other conditions governing sale of growers’ cane to CSR Co. me 21.—Instead of opening on this date, four crushing - mills remain closed, and put off many hundreds of millworkers. ily 24.—Verbal agreement reached between company and growers on July 23—but minority of growers, directed by Patel group, refuse to sign, ite July.—Definite split between “moderate” and Patel - led cane growers. ngust 10.—Yanua Levu growers began cutting and Labasa mill started crushing on August 11.

“gust 12-31.—Patel group strives to maintain cane-growers’ strike, but— sptember I.—Rarawai (Ba) mill begins crushing. eptember 10.—Penang (Raki Raki) mill begins crushing, eptember 9.—Lautoka mill begins crushing.

Forces Against Disorder

Significant Move

By Fijians In Fiji

By a Staff Writer There are clear and growing signs that the Fiji community, believing that the Fiji Government has failed to protect the Colony against “irresponsibles”, is preparing to provide its own protection. r[E Fiji community (Europeans, Fijians, Indians, Chinese, Euronesians) in recent months has seen these things— o Riots last December, caused by mishandling of a strike called by irresponsible young labour-union leaders. Much damage was done in Suva. • Deadlock in the sugar industry, extending over months, caused by a small group of Indians apparently motivated by hatred and prejudice, and some of whom are suspected of subversive associations. • Strong attempt made at end of August by youthful union-leaders to call a general strike, “in protest against the despatch of Police and Army detachments” to the sugar areas. (The attempt failed—rank and file of workers ignored the call).

Demonstration of Loyalty A significant thing happened late in August, A meeting of ex-servicemen was called in Suva, to celebrate something or other. A couple of hundred were expected—but no less than 2,000 Fijians, with some Europeans and Euronesians assembled from all over Fiji, and gave an impressive demonstration of loyalty to the country’s Government, and hatred of disorder.

There also have been some private demonstrations.

The Governor has been told repeatedly, by the Fijian leaders, that he has only to say the word, and he can have all the men hfe wants to cut sugar cane, or to protect the cutters.

Early in September, there were reports current of the formation among Fijians of a new political party, to take a larger share in the government, and in the maintenance of order.

It is said that this movement is among the younger Fijians, but that it is being approved by the chiefs and the older Fijians, who

Wedding Of

THE YEAR This was Rabaul’s wedding of the year—that stopped the traffic, postponed a race meeting, and dragged an estimated 1,000 white Rabaulites from their homes to see the couple leave the Methodist Church and 400 more into the church to see the Rev. Wesley Lutton perform the ceremony. The District Commissioner, Mr. J. R. Foldi, was among the guests.

It happened on August 20 when Mr. Patrick Roberts, a planter, married Bougainville girl, Miss Victoria Mah. Our photo shows the couple leaving the church to enter the £2,500 Chevrolet sedan that was the bridegroom’s gift to the bride, and ride off to the reception where champagne flowed like beer usually does in Rabaul.

This isn’t the first time that a European has married a native girl in the Territory—but mostly it has been on the Papuan side, and there has never been a fuss like this, which was made all the more surprising by the fact that, although Mr. Roberts has been in the Territory for many years, he has never shown signs of being “social”.

Some reactionary types (native and European) disapproved the match, but most white Territorians have got themselves nicely adjusted to the world of 1960 and just couldn’t care less.

Photo: M. R. Hayes. 19

L C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

hitherto have given their support to the Fijian Administration, rather than the Central Government.

Position of the Indians This new spirit and political activity among the Fijians is, to some extent, anti-Indian. In the view of some old hands here, it cculd extend far and dangerously.

That development is to be deplored. Although Indian agitators held the centre of the stage during the long sugar deadlock, they did not represent Indians generally.

The great majority of Indians, both rural and urban, are as much opposed to disorder and violence as the other communities. But they do lack leadership, and a voice in affairs.

There is no reason why the majority of Indians should not be aligned with Europeans and Fijians in orderly and progessive government. It is mainly a matter of wisdom at the top, and suitable constitutional machinery in between.

Norfolk Council’S Stand

Is A Lively Issue

The Norfolk Island Council’s sit-down strike, begun in July, developed into a lively issue in August after the Council had publicly snubbed visiting Australian Minister for Civil Aviation, Senator Paltridge.

THE Senator, who wasn’t offended at the snub, but just “a little surprised”, later offered the Council some advice about getting on with the job it was elected to do. So did a big public meeting which was called by the islanders to discuss Norfolk’s political goingson.

The troubles of the eight-man Council began after it was elected in June as Norfolk’s first experiment in local government. Previously, Norfolk had an advisory council.

The new Council revolted before it had even begun.

It shot off a petition of sorts to Australian Territories Minister Paul Hasluck, insisting that the new Council wasn’t what the people wanted; Norfolk was tired of remote control and had to have power to make its own laws (to be approved by the Commonwealth) and to have complete control of the budget among other things (PIM, August, p. 20).

Caused a Split The Council said that until the Norfolk Island Ordinance was amended to give it these and some other things the Council intended (Continued on page 150) P-NG Wage Fixing New Wage Will Have Wide Effee A recommendation for an ir crease in native labour wages i Papua-New Guinea, which is ez pected to be approved shortly, wi mean an important change in Terr tory wage fixing methods.

FOR thousands of Territoi natives the Native Labour Ore inance will cease to have th influence it has held for them ove many years, and the way is opene for wage fixing by negotiation. : may mean a scramble for highe wages, as in Australia.

The recommendation, for a min: mum cash wage of £3 per week fc urban workers in Port Moresb; Rabaul and Lae, was made to tli Native Employment Board by em ployers’ and employees’ represent atives. It was recommended fc single workers only, as an alternate to the system of a weekly wage ph rations, other issues and accora rnodation, and is to come into effec from November, if approved.

The Proposals Proposals were that the new wag not be applied to workers in primar production or in domestic dutie£ that deductions be made by err ployers of certain amounts for foo and accommodation if it is supplied that overtime be paid, at one-and a-half times the regular rate, i excess of eight hours in a day or 4 hours in a week (double time o Sundays and holidays); that thes rates not be applied to existin agreement workers; and that era ployees’ associations would under take not to seek an extension c the cash wage to other centre within two years (but this woul not affect their right to seek a re view at any time for the thre centres).

The recommendations were mad by the Kerema Welfare Associatio and the P-NG Workers’ Associatio (both representing employees), an for the employers, the Port Moresb Chamber of Commerce, Planter Association of NG, Papuan Planter; Association, Morobe Dist r i c Planters’ and Farmers’ Association Lae Chamber of Commerce am Rabaul Chamber of Commerce.

The recommendation was mad at the end of a long public in quiry into native wages by th Native Employment Board. The in quiry began last September am concluded in July. Evidence fille? nearly 1,800 typewritten pages.

The Board has drafted an overaj (Continued on page 150) Here is Norfolk Island's newly-elected Council. Back row, from left: Mr. G. Quintal, Mr. L. Nola, Mr. W. S. Newbald, Mr. S. Nobbs. Front row: Mrs. C. Donkin, Mr. F. C. Christian, Mr. F. J. Needham (President), Mr. I. Bailey (Deputy President).

Photo: P. R. Hoare. 20 Fijian Moves (Continued from previous page) SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Copra War Livens Up Fiji Planters Are Beginning To Have Second Thoughts Frcm Our Fiji Correspondent There are now clear signs that the Fiji copra-crushing mill, operated by a subsidiary of the W. R. Carpenter Co. organisation, is facing a copra supply situation a good deal more restricted than that of recent years, when little or no competition existed in the buying field.

S of August, at least three other buyers had entered the field— Banno Oceania Limited; the Japanese Mitsui organisation rough a New Zealand agent, ;an Trading & Wholesale Co., of llington); and a London buyer h apparently no direct repretation in Fiji. n the surface it appeared that Suva mill-owners and the Banno pie—buying on behalf of Japse principals—had reached an eement regarding prices in May, owing a week or so of openly ipetitive trading after Bannos t entered the field, ntil then, Carpenters had ilarly issued prices each Monday ■ning for the three grades of ra for the week ahead.

''hen Bannos started buying, >e prices were withheld for a k. Then again they were issued a, joint, agreed price; and they regularly published, as such, i Monday morning, at it is now no secret that both >e organisations are offering er than the published terms to east the larger producers, and i the entry of additional buyers e May it is clear that competihas become very keen, indeed.

That Other £l4 is now known that at least two he overseas buyers—Bannos and London firm—are ready to buy Suva prices, or better, on the rf at Savusavu, subject only to cient quantities being available lake it worthwhile for an overship to load there ivusavu has a wharf capable of dling such vessels, though at ent it would only permit worktwo hatches at a time. Addial copra storage space might i to be established there before l shipments could commence, but would not seem to be a seriproblem. > the differential in the coprang price between Savusavu and i is at present between £FI3 and l, it is obvious that the Suva ers are going to be faced with ajor problem.

Since the British TVTinistrv nf irri Ml , ni S tr y 01 Food S buying contract ended at the end Of 1957, some Fiji plantation- Owners have maintained that the Fiji mill has not been paying the best price—however that price might (.nmmrp with thof hoimr Sthe? teriTtoriPs g P rrrt , The Producers Association has been in regular receipt of the London prices; and the planters maintain that, although the local mill stated about the end of 1957 that Fiji producers would receive at least £3 more by selling locally, this has not been the case.

They claimed in August that the differential between the Suva mill price and the London price had recently been about £F2S, which far exceeds the charges that would be involved in shipping direct to the , . , . A , They have stated that they wish to support the Suva mill, provided the mill is prepared to pay the price that outsiders are offering.

The situation now appears to have reached a showdown insofar as the big Savusavu-Buca Bay-Taveuni producers are concerned and probably one-third of the Colony’s copra is produced by these planters.

Want Copra Board The Fiji Copra Producers’ Association held a committee meeting at Diloi Plantation, Savusavu area, in (Over)

No Change In

Nng'S Status

The Netherlands caused some confusion among its friends in early September when it announced that it “favoured placing Netherlands New Guinea under international supervision” through the UN. This appeared to contradict NNG’s 10-year plan towards self-government.

The statement was first made in The Hague, reportedly by the Prime Minister, and seemingly was confirmed by the Dutch Foreign Minister, Mr. Luns, just before he left for New York. The suggestion was that a UN commission of Australian, Indian and US representative be formed as an advisory body to the Dutch administration.

Nevertheless, in Sydney on September 10, the Netherlands’ new Ambassador to Australia, Dr. J. G. de Beus, denied that any such scheme was in the air.

“The Press has somehow mixed it up,” he said. “There have been no changes.

We still have a 10-year programme to build up NNG towards selfgovernment. Naturally we will still keep in close contact with the UN.”

A day later, an official statement was released from The Hague saying exactly the same thing.

The £ s. d. Of Selling Copra By a Staff Writer The most important thing to be deduced from the report on Fiji’s current copra situation is that Fiji planters are about three years behind other British Pacific territories in thinking that it is a good idea to have more egg-baskets than one. But judging by some of the ideas that are currently circulating in Fiji about copra, it seems evident that local producers have something to learn about selling overseas, too, QINCE the end of the UK Ministry ° Unilever a {ias * enter Arm contractsSchvlar wito most sr territories in the South Pacific for a nronortion of their conra nroduc*tioS their copra pr This company would have entered into a similar contract with Fiji; but at the time Fiji producers could nol dWUiev wlXto S reta?n°a g conr S a nothing was done about selling a nmnnrtinn rvf thp codfr overseas° n and it consequently all went to the local mill which has now geared itself to this intake of COpra.

Someone to Make Contracts As has been suggested lately.

Unilever would, no doubt, still be to make an annuai contract with Fi J i; but there is no authoritative body with whom the company could make such a conbesuchabadth?mr ?fSr n r! oUlCl not be SUcn a bacl tnmg « has also been suggested that *ls difficulty might be got over by operative. But wricitever the body W3<S called, the requirements would be more or less the same. It would need to have a legal status for mak- (Continued on page 146) 21 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY 1960

August, to discuss the recommendations of the Burns Report in relation to the copra industry.

After the meeting the president, Mr. R. McGowan, said that it had been decided that the best interest of the industry and of the producers in Fiji would be served by the establishment of a Copra Marketing Board, similar to the boards in other Islands territories. Another approach will be made to the government.

One of the reasons given for rejecting the establishment of such a board on an earlier occasion was that it would be creating a monopoly, and that in any case it was not really necessary.

The producers now believe that its necessity has been demonstrated, and say it could co-ordinate the marketing and stabilise the situation which is now developing with the entry of new buyers.

The Producers’ Association at present has 89 members, including Fijian and Indian members. The president would make no comment on prices now actually being offered, or say whether these differed from the published weekly prices; but he agreed that the situation was developing in favour of the producers and away from the situation under which they had to accept the terms offered by the Suva mill.

The copra grading system under which the local millers and Banno Oceania Ltd. purchase copra, was changed on August 29 from a threegrade system which has operated since December 30, 1957, to a twograde system, with the moisture allowance for the top grade—still known as HAD—increased from 6 per cent, to 8 per cent, and the price differential 30/- between the two grades.

Previously the price differential between HAD and the lowest grading, FM2, was £2/12/6, and the difference between the top and middle grade prices was 27/6.

The new arrangement offers less incentive for the use of expensive copra driers, and is opposed by planters who have invested in them.

P-NG Airlines Have Settling-in Pains LAE.

Machines break down and humans make errors, no matter whether they work for Qantas, TAA, or Ansett-ANA.

And those New Guinea Territorians who spent a lot of time complaining about Qantas and who anticipated a modern miracle by way of a perfect time-table from the new companies when they took over are due for a disappointment.

TAA took over the internal network officially on September 1, and the transition period during take-over has underlined the many problems—large and small —with which Qantas had learned to deal efficiently, and the new companies hope to do, eventually.

But at least they’ve got two big blunders over, and probably won’t repeat them.

Were they embarrassed when the captain’s satchel and documents were left behind at Rabaul the other day and the plane had to return for them!

And more than embarrassment was felt one day in August when the southbound plane went off from Lae without the mail! It was pretty serious because there was no service the following day so all New Guinea mail for south was delayed in Lae for two days.

Popular Appointment

Mr. David Trench High Commissioner For Western PacifiC Mr. David Trench, Deputy Colonial Secretary, Hongkong will be Britain’s next High Commissioner for the Westerr Pacific.

HE succeeds Sir John Gutch, wl retires early in the new yea He is expected to take up h appointment soon after Sir Johr departure.

The official announcement ma< by the Queen in August, said thi Mr. Trench would be appointed be a Companion of the Distinguish* Order of St. Michael and St. Joh Mr. Trench has had long exper ence in the British Solomons ar his choice as High Commission will be welcomed as a happy one. I went to the Protectorate as a cad in 1938. He saw military servi from 1942-1946, and attained tl rank of Lt.-Colonel.

Human Touch He is a man with the hums touch and a sense of humour th shows in the twinkle in his e and a laugh that is never far aw£ The Western Pacific was a tes ing ground for a lot of young a ministrative officers during the wj Following his pre-war Solomo experience he had been posted Tonga as Secretary to the Gover ment.

But after the recapture Guadalcanal, he was sent back the BSIP as District Officer 1 Guadalcanal and given the job “pulling the district back into shapi The way in which he did it described in Harold Coope Among Those Present in th« terms: “He reopened the Dis t r i Treasury, although for mar months it consisted merely of t; safes standing on a trestle in t open air. As the end of the figf ing on Guadalcanal drew near a coastwise schooner journeys cor against be undertaken for otll than military purposes, he beg to visit distant areas to see hi the natives were faring.

“He was agreeably surprised the manner in which they had sto up to the strain of war. Nowlu was there any sign of a collapse i morale. During a period when Gt ernment control had inevitably b(» relaxed, no inter-tribal feuds tJ developed and there had been serious crime. (Continued on page 147) This photo was taken after the Fiji Copra Producers' Association committee had held an important meeting at Diloi Plantation in August. Those present are, from left; S. H. Wilson, L. H. Simpson, B. Kesteven (vice-chairman), C. G. 0. Parr (secretary), J. Fenton, H. B. Gibson (legal adviser), R. G.

McGowan (chairman), G. Barratt, D. M. Mackenzie, W. G. Halstead. Absent from the committee meeting were A. G. McCown (vice-president), Ratu Kabakoro (Tui Naweni), and Amara Singh.

Photo: J. P. Shortall. 22 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

West Samoa Hammers Out Its New Constitution From “PlM’s” Apia Correspondent The Constitutional Convention of 174 members (10 of them representing the European population), began on August 16, the marathon months task of giving the soon-to-becomeindependent State of Western Samoa a written constitution.

HESE 174 men who, as the New Zealand High Commissioner, Mr. J. B. Wright, said in his ning speech, will go down in tory as the Fathers of the Conution and thus the guardians of civil rights of the people, have deliver the qompleted, volumindocument to the General Asibly of the United Nations by member. or their guidance they have the ift Constitution that was drawn by a Working Committee of the islative Assembly of Western aoa with the help of Prof. J. W. fidson, of the Australian National verity, and Professor C. C. Aik- 1, of Victoria University College, ilington, NZ. roceedings got off to a creaky *t, and the first three days were oted to debating the rules of :edure to be followed during session.

Involved Work uring the first week’s discussions lecame evident that many of members of the Convention id it difficult to understand the etimes intricate and involved ns of the constitutional and ,1 clauses in the draft in spite he additional explanations given Dr. Davidson and Professor nan, gain and again speakers appealed more time for members of the mention to express their views; not to rush proceedings in e of the limited time available ire the constitution in its final a has to go to the United ions. mgthy debates centred on two icular subjects which were of ial interest to the Convention on which many speakers were i to express views, bey were the traditional lority of the “Ali’i and Faipule” : village Councils of Western iqa) which were not specifically itioned amongst the important ponents of the new State in the :t constitution; and the quesof whether capital punishit should be continued or ished. motion asking for the authority he Ali’i and Faipule to be set and safeguarded in the final stitution was later withdrawn. n*ge number of members of the Convention seemed greatly concerned to have the rights of these councils of village chiefs the traditional representatives of villages and districts—expressly protected and anchored in the constitution but a compromise motion was later agreed upon. The definition of the authority of the Ali’i and Faipule will be referred to the Legislative Assembly for consideration and early legislation.

PM Quotes Bible The question of capital punishment in the new independent State was another controversial subject which was discussed at length and on which widely divergent views were expressed.

While many speakers—and in fact a majority of members—demanded on religious grounds that the death penalty should be abolished altogether, others pointed out that consideration must be given also to the victims and their families.

The debate on this point culminated in an impassioned address by the Prime Minister, Mr. Fiame Mataafa, who pleaded with the (Continued on page 148) Dutch NG Has A Political Party Mr. Frits Kirihio, a 26-year-old student at Holland’s Leiden University, in Hollandia in August where he was on vacation, formed NNG’s first political party the multi-racial National Party.—lt is abbreviated to “Pama”.

PARNA’s programme includes removal of discrimination between races; possession of all ranks of the NNG Public Service by Papuans by 1970; the opening of the interior with roads; foundation of a People’s Credit Bank which will give loans to Papuans; and leave with pay for all Government officials, whatever colour.

About 500 Papuans, some of them cheering wildly at times, attended the party’s formation meeting at Hamadi. Parna’s president is Mr.

Hermanus Wajoi, from Serui. Mr.

Kirihio (who comes from the same region) will be Parna’s representative in Holland and abroad.

P-NG View In Port Moresby, Papuan Reuben Taureka. president of the newly formed P-NG Workers’ Association, said he didn’t think P-NG was ready for political parties yet.

Political consciousness would develop as the standard of living improved. At the moment, wages and housing were the most acute problems.

President of NNG's new National Party—Mr Hermanus Wajoi.

Papua's Reuben Taureka, President of the P-NG Workers' Association, with his wife, a Fijian.

They met in Fiji while Taureka was studying at the Central Medical School, and she is a great support to him in his activities. 23

C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

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COMMENTARY Ainister Hasluck Sorts )ut The Tangle T has been given a lot of publicity, so there is no need to publish here the re-statement of Ausalian policy in Papua and New ninea, made by Australian Terrifies Minister Hasluck on August . Most of it had been said before, recent months.

Mr. Hasluck’s real purpose—in lich he succeeded very well —was straighten out the tangle of inions and comments broadcast June and July (see page 17 of ly PIM ), wherein confusion has sn made more confounded by a s-reading of a statement made Prime Minister Menzies at Mas- : Airport on June 20.

Vlr. Menzies was made to say it, in his view, Australia should part from P-NG sooner rather m later. The PM actually said it that; but in a context that anged the meaning somewhat, t the tireless commentators took as a flat contradiction of views t expressed by Mr. Hasluck.

Mr. Hasluck had been saying, in rope and America, that Australia st remain in New Guinea for )ther three or four decades—or lerations —if New Guineans were be left there in a condition where y could govern themselves.) lo the newspapers, and the iticians and the UN visionaries— Dse knowledge of P-NG can best expressed with the minus sign— I a really merry time in July- [ust, planning the imminent deture of Australia from P-NG, I the kind of government that :ht come into power, loth Prime Minister and Terries Minister were greatly irri- ;d. n examination of the full text what Mr. Menzies said on June showed that his meaning was represented. On the contrary, as explained in a speech on July there was no conflict between views and those of Mr. Hasluck. \ had already pointed this out its July issue \ late August, to get the record Mr. Hasluck issued iphlets in a flood, giving the text anous statements made by himand Mr. Menzies. It is a remng flood. Taken in conjuncwith speeches made by Opposi- , and Labour leader Calwell, it ;d satisfy property-owners in ua and New Guinea that their Jstments are safe for many ides yet to come, owever, it is a pity that Mr. i C 9 U I ( I not himself have 1 this, in so many words His ? re-statement of policy of August 23 contains nothing calculated directly to cheer and encourage private enterprise one gets comfort only by inference.

Anyone who has studied history and observed conditions in New Guinea over the last 50 years knows that planters and traders do at least as much as Administration and Missions to Europeanise the natives, and encourage them to adopt less primitive standards of life.

But Mr. Hasluck, the conscious Socialist, always avoids that particular point. In recent times he has met P-NG planters and traders with a show of affability and goodwill; but in none of his public statements is there any real acknowledgment of the debt the Administration owes to private enterprise, or any expressed hope that, in the future, there will be closer co-operation between official and non-official classes. ☆ ☆ ☆ New Moves In Native Education In P-NG AFTER decades of dithering, the Australian Government now is making a sweeping frontal attack upon the problem of introducing literacy to the widely differing Melanesian communities which make up the Territory of Papua and New Guinea.

Although Australia generally is exceedingly short of school-teachers, the Department of Territories is now offering special inducements to Australian teachers to go to New Guinea for a brief period of years, to train selected natives to be village school teachers.

The Christian Missions, which have undertaken so large a part of the education task in P-NG for 50 yea(rs, are co-operating with the Department in this extension of activities. The Methodist Church, like the Department, is advertising widely for white teachers to train brown teachers.

This combined effort is entirely praiseworthy. Its effect will be to greatly hasten social progress among the native peoples, from most primitive village life to a condition where they at least can be prepared for some degree of real self-government.

But why was the effort so long delayed? As has been pointed out dozens of times in this journal, over the last quarter-century, it was impossible to really lift the standards of life in this ‘country unless the natives were provided with some means by which the Administration could instruct and direct them.

In a one-language country, the task is simple—the Administration learns the language. But what could be done in Papua and New Guinea, where a vast agglomeration or mostly primitive tribes speak at least 500 different languages?

There obviously was only one thing to do—namely, provide machinery through which hundreds of selected natives can be taught simple English, and given enough education to allow them to go out and teach in the village schools.

It was obvious, yet it took 15 years of time, and a lot of screaming by United Nations and other instrumentalities, before the Administration really got around to it.

However, better late than never.

The next thing to ensure is that all this preliminary training of teachers is done in the Territory, and not in Australia.

The system of sending Melanesians to Australia for special education, and then returning them to their villages, is cruel and mischievous, and indefensible so long as these people are unable to become permanent residents of Australia.

It is gratifying to see, throughout the Territory, increasing evidence that the whole scheme of native education is being linked with technical training.

Age limitations give Mr. G. T.

Roscoe only a short term as Director of Education; but, already, he has more than justified his appointment. ☆ ☆ ☆ A Cyclone in the Gluckman Teacup r[E refusal of a permit to enter New Guinea for Professor Max Gluckman of the Department of Anthropology at Manchester University (he has been “visiting” the National University in Canberra for some months) has set off this month’s New Guinea fuss in Australia, and has ended—as New Guinea fusses usually do—with almost everyone involved making fools of themselves. (See Pacific Report, this issue).

All countries, of course, reserve the right to refuse a visa, even for a tourist visit, and without giving reasons; but even if P-NG was doing only this in the Gluckman case, this might have been an occasion, in view of the shortness of the visit and the other circumstances, when an ounce of commonsense would have been worth a ton of moral right.

The refusal of the permit cut every academician to the quick; but when neither the Minister for Territories nor the Administrator of P-NG (who is nominally the person who “refuses” permits), would give any reasons for it, Australian newspapers got into the act. Led by The 25

C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

Sydney Morning Herald whose “We Hate Hasluck”, or “Pooh to Paul” policy obscures most of its New Guinea thinking these days— they deplored this travesty of British justice which could damn a man without saying why.

The Professor himself, after initially saying that as a guest in Australia he wouldn’t dream of criticising the Government, went on to give daily “statements” to the Press and to appear in a TV interview. The Australians must have acted in good faith, he said, on reports from British Security or Northern Rhodesia which “must have been full of lies”, or “only malicious gossip”, or (worse still) “compiled by politically immature people”. He was not anxious to have this “false information made public”.

The Territories Department or the P-NG Administration, could possibly have taken the wind out of the Professor’s sails at this stage by saying why they didn’t want him in the Territory—but they didn’t.

They kept silent, and made another peg for their critics to hang them on.

There have been rat-bags and no-hopers a-plenty who have slipped through the screen and established themselves in the Territory, so it is hard to see how a three-weeks’ visit by an expatriate South Africa Professor—who has strong views on racial matters there and elsewhere —could make much difference, one way or another.

Even if he had gone away and said later that Australians treated the natives worse than dogs or that they were unfit to administer a primitive country, it would have been no worse than what Australian politicians, newspaper reporters and ether critics have already said, ad nauseam.

The professor and his permit are, of course, only symptoms of the disease; the disease itself is the permit system, and PIM has been saying so for 15 years. While the system does not prevent the entry into the Territory of undesirables who are guaranteed to give Europeans a bad name, it does allow others to be kept out for no other reason than that bureaucracy does not like them.

It transpires, from all the recent turmoil about Professor Gluckman, that 15 other people have been refused permits in the last 10 years.

PIM, of course, can remember back further than that. During the Labour Government and Mr. Eddie Ward’s term as Minister for Territories, Mr. R. W. Robson, PlM’s publisher, was refused permission to go to Papua-New Guinea. No reason was given except that it was “not possible, at present, to grant permission”. Shortly after the last refusal, another member of PlM’s editorial staff applied for permission to visit the Territory and this was granted immediately from which we concluded that the Robsonian sin was simply that of being persona non grata at that time.

The matter was regarded as inconvenient but slightly amusing— not a national calamity or a Party political weapon.

We doubt whether Professor Gluckman’s troubles are national in scope, either. There must be few things left in P-NG that a 40years procession of anthropologists hasn’t dealt with. But, on the other hand, it is unlikely he would have done much harm, either. The Territory has, in its time, received and digested stranger visitors than the professor. ☆ ☆ ☆ Danger! Need For Reform in Fiji The end of the sugar deadlock in Fiji, while a great relief to Government and citizens, does not mean the end of the Colony’s troubles. On the contrary, they are just beginning.

Already, they had appeared in the fields of administration and economics, but they have been obscured by the quarrel between mill-owners and cane-growers—a dispute that has been unduly prolonged by an Indian coterie whose motives are not clear, and deeply suspect.

Fiji’s troubles come basically from the fact that Fiji’s administrative system has failed dismally, heretofore. in providing for a rapid population increase, complicated by community unbalance and the difficulty of gearing the land-owning Fijians’ village-communal way of life to the practices and demands of the now more numerous, non-land-owning Indians.

The stark problems created by increased population and Colonial Office incompetence now have been presented—at least ten years late— by the Burns Commission. Internal reorganisation is demanded, most urgently; the people apparently are reconciled to the idea of far-reaching changes; but there is a pitiful lack of the machinery needed to shape the necessary reforms, and carry them out, as part of an integrated plan.

The present machinery consists only of a Governor with wider powers than perhaps is generally recognised; and a Legislative Council completely dominated by the Governor’s nominees—Departmental heads and selected non-officials. In view of what clearly is coming, that is not enough.

Because they have social and economic grievances which are not adequately taken care of by the present governmental system, the Fiji-born Indians are developing a political consciousness which may not be ignored. In fact, it must be provided for. and soon.

Meanwhile, and unexpectedly, a new generation of Fijians is likewist developing a political consciousness The events of the past year havt greatly stimulated its growth, anc sharply shaped its direction and its thinking. It is not too friendly t( either of the other two dominan races, Europeans and Indians—ant especially the latter.

If the policy of drift and inr guided political growth goes on there easily could be disaster ii sight, in the shape of racial con flict. It would be madness to ignon the signs.

The Burns Report dodged th constitutional issue argued tha the present worn-out system woul< serve for a while yet. That i fallacy. The call is for action befor trouble develops—not afterwards.

Mr. Julian Amery, due very soo: in Fiji, has dealt successfully wit! some very difficult trouble-spots t his Colonial Empire in the past tw years. We believe that he will re cognise in Fiji the need for con stitional change that will be wis« swift and firm.

A benevolent autocracy probabl is the very best form of govern ment for Fiji, under present con ditions. But that calls for wisdon experience, benevolence and strengt in a degree difficult to find. Any way, how can a Colonial Offic autocracy be maintained in a worl that now has gone crazy on the sub ject of self-government for in digenous races?

They've Censored Errol’s Book The English edition (published by Heinemann) of Errol Flynn’s book, “My Wicked, Wicked Ways”, is available this month in Australia, and will be reviewed next month in “PIM”. We can, however, put you out of your suspense now about the passages on the imaginary hangings of natives in Madang district (“PIM”, June, page: 113) which appeared in the US editioni and which incensed old Territorial and caused Mr. Ted Taylor, now living in retirement in NSW, to seek legal advice some months ago: These passages have been left right out of the UK edition.

The whole section on P-NG is so ridiculous it is hard to take any of it seriously. Flynn has deliberately scrambled names and places, of course,, but apart from that his geography is haywire, his knowledge of elementary things about the Territory is poor, and some of his own alleged adventures so fantastic that if we didn’t know he had been there, we would have said he got it out of a novel about some other place.

Probably about the first and last thing you can say about Flynn and hiia approach to New Guinea was how he regarded the native girls. To him they were all “golden” coloured; with skins “like satin”. The shape of thein breasts drove him to ecstacy—on one occasion to saying that one girl, in this department, was shaped like a “skirun”. 26 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L

The Editars' Maillag iji's Drum Is Not eaten Loudly Enough A blast of protest is in from iva’s Mayor, Mr. Charles A. inson. who, as chairman of the ji Visitors’ Bureau and Tourist rvice, feels that our Publisher’s te, in August (to the effect that ji’s tourist traffic seems less than aal, and that more should be done stimulate tourism) was less than ir to the Bureau. rle says that the tourists in Fiji, ns far in 1960, exceed those of 3 same period in 1959 by 15 per it. That certainly does not in- ;ate shrinkage, and we stand Tected.

Dn behalf of the Bureau, he exssses resentment of the statent: “There does not seem to be y authority or agency in Fiji with ; necessary power, or imagination, funds, to really sell Fiji’s tourist ractions to the world.”

Dhis never was intended as critici of the Bureau. The citizens who e the Bureau so much of their •sonal time and thought are proing valuable service and, if given f a chance, will do a bigger and ter job for Fiji in the future, a Lane’s work as Secretary > earned nothing but praise. ’he criticism was aimed much her At the time it was written June) there seemed to be only rickle of tourists through Suva; ereas Fiji in all respects is 'thy of the cool-season streams holidaymakers and sunshinekers seen in Ceylon or Hongig or Hawaii. But those countries, advertise their attractions, really nd lavishly—and cunningly—and ir publicity hits one in the eye many places. ydney and Melbourne, today, ry stirring messages to potential sellers to visit Queensland, New land. Tasmania; but one looks vain at hoardings and news- >ers to see anything much or suasive about Fiji’s appeal. (Ext occasionally and indirectly Dugh an airline or steamship ipany advertisement), i other words, Fiji—like other ntries with something really lable to sell in tropical beauty 1 pleasure—should have not a eau on a limited budget, but a -blooded Tourist Department i funds adequate for the adverts messages likely to bring the tors There are three things ch Fiji s Government must renber.

Fiji’s attractions are equal to those of any other tropical country likely to interest travellers. • Travellers will not go to Fiji unless they really know about Fiji. • When selling anything under competition, it almost always is necessary to spend money in order to make money.

Concerning Equality and Freedom in N. Guinea Paul Mason, Bougainville planter, honoured as a wartime Coastwatcher, says his piece: This winter-time flood of politicians to New Guinea is again notable for the flow of rot being pushed down the throat of the Australian public.

I met a politician I knew, who had just landed in New Guinea— where he had never been before— and he spent a hour telling me all about the place and its problems.

I could not get a word in edgeways.

We can only hope that events in the Congo will make people think, and see things in a different light.

Now we have a school of thought which says we should be doing what the Dutch are supposed to be doing —namely, educating the few to be the ruling class in New Guinea.

Although I cannot see anything to lecommend this. I have for years advocated full citizenship rights for all indigenes who are capable of exercising them.

For many years, our Territory natives will have to be protected against non-indigenes and against themselves; but this restricts the freedom of the few who are —or should be —capable of looking after themselves. If we were now to accept such people as our equals they would have no cause to feel we were treating them as inferiors. Frankly, I think they would be with us, and against their own colour, if they were accepted by us.

Around settlements, and European towns, there are natives who have given away their village community life and have accepted ours, but they are frustrated and irritated by the restrictions which are necessary to protect the more primitive people.

Then, again, there are those who have been educated —for example, in Australia —who cannot return to primitive living conditions.

We all know the story. Some of them became leaders, and blame us for the primitive and backward state of their people.

If we accept these people—as they should be accepted—we will find them on our side, and against their own people, if and when necessary.

Our Territories Minister, and his Administrator, are more raceconscious than the average longtime white resident of the Territory. For some reason, the egalitarian and the sentimental “dogooder” are usually more raceconscious than the practical person.

Why should Government native officers of ability get less pay than the European, for the same work?

Admittedly, under the system where the public servant is a member of a protected class, there would be an anomaly. But why keep him a protected person?

The drink question raises its head again. I have repeatedly pointed out that, although it is a major matter to many, as a symbol of inequality, to me it is one of the less important freedoms denied those people who are unnecessarily protected.

I was one who fought hard for the Chinese to be permitted to take out Australian citizenship, if they so desired. Before that, things were getting unpleasant in Rabaul. Today, you have to go to a Chinese “do” to be in the social whirl. ("Mailbag” continued on page 35) As an addition to our collection of magical monoliths, masalis and tambarans (Mailbag, August) Mr. Bill Moore sends this photograph of a carved stone tambaran at Taliligap near Rabaul, New Guinea. The figure is about 2 ft, 3 in. high, and local natives say that it has been there, wedged in the root of a tree that was exposed in a washaway, longer than men can remember. “The local people say that he is 'poison true'," writes Mr. Moore. “One of the local big-wigs claims he is the custodian of the 'poison' and charges a fee of 5/for anyone wanting to lay a curse; or if you suspect that a curse has been put upon you, 5/- will buy protection." 27 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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YOU MEET Some Notes Made by STUART INDER Round-and-About the Islands, but Mostly in the Solomons.

“It’s a cow of a river!” said BSIP Public Works Department works supervisor John Schenk, tossing a pebble into Guadalcanal’s troublesome Lunga. “We have had 34 rises of more than three feet in the last three months of building this bridge ND what’s more—in another L three months period they had to put 11 temporary bridges er that river, because the Lunga iparently made up its mind it dn’t want anything permanent, id kept sweeping the bridges away nly one was lost—otherwise the me bridge was recovered and reaced as soon as it was swept fay).

The Lunga seems to be getting mething permanent, now, hower. I saw a steel bridge going i with a main span 210 ft, with a :ondary span of 160 ft, and a 27 clearance from the centre of the er. One concrete pier goes 19 under the river.

Hie builders insist that this bridge really going to stay there— spite the view of some of the :als who say the piers will be dermined. rhis attitude reminded me of lat the New Guinea locals used say when the Markham River dge was being built near Lae. ie Markham would change course and leave the bridge out on its own, they said—but the Markham Bridge was still intact when I drove over it a fortnight after I worshipped at the banks of the Lunga.

The Lunga Bridge is important because it connects Honiara with the coastal road, and also the big Henderson Field. This last year the missing bridge has been very inconvenient, and one Of the sore points of life for many BSIP people.

To get across the river now you have to wait on the bank while a makeshift pontoon is laboriously hauled across by six boy-power engine, guided by a pulley arrangement. The boys merely haul on the rope (cost of the boy-power— £42 per month). It’s a slow business, although it must be deadly dull work for the locomotive power, too.

Since the aircraft have been landing at Kukum, at the Honiara side of the river, Henderson is getting to look a bit neglected— note the photograph. But it shortly should come back into its own.

Honiara people are hoping for really big things when Fiji Airways begins its projected Fiji- Honiara service, even if it is only a fortnightly one. There has been great enthusiasm engendered at the announcement (I understand there has been a hold up because of some technical argument but the scheme will certainly go through).

This much-needed Pacific link, which will open up an entire new travel route, would have gone through much earlier if not for some prickly international problems that have been associated with the New Hebrides part of the chain.

I predict both the Solomons and the New Hebrides as an up and coming tourist attraction in the South Pacific. Apart from the BSIP’s war story (for some details see T Topicalities, p. 81) it has the kind of upspoilt charm which was the reason why Rarotonga was voted Number One by those sophisticated American shi p s’ passengers over the last couple of years.

I always thought Honiara people were supposed to be inclined towards stuffed-shirtiness, but wherever I heard that, it was a monstrous slander. Perhaps, if anything, Honiara might collectively have a slight inferiority complex, Malaita's Sister Pamela Crawford.

Honiara's main street, Mendana Avenue, with its flame trees, is one of the prettiest streets in the South Pacific. Honiara deserves to rank as a tourist attraction—and probably will soon, when Fiji Airways begin regular services from Fiji. No doubt Honiara airport will get a springcleaning before then (below). 29 I CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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NAME ADDRESS 8311 but that will go when more peop] begin to travel through there.

Mendana Avenue, with its line of flame trees, is one of the pretties streets in the South Pacific, an the views from the nearby ridge are superb. And if the standai of design already seen in one c two of Honiara’s new Governmei buildings is going to be the norr then Honiara will be hard to bea The old quonset-hut look is on tl way out.

One personal criticism: Bulk fu installations are rather necessar especially when they mean cheapi petrol, and they also have to 1 accessible. But they shouldn’t t allowed to take over the pick « the beauty spots, and it might m yet be too late for Honiara 1 keep its approaches free of the kir of eye-sores that ruin so man other places.

AT Honiara I found one of tl most modern little broadcasts studios in the Islands —hea< quarters of the Solomon Islan Broadcasting Service.

It’s all air-conditioned, and tl standard of the programmes is sui that Port Moresby’s VLT6 seems be losing many of its evenii listeners to it —mostly in the Ne Britain and Bougainville ares Honiara Radio also covers the Ne The Lunga River's six boy-power pontoon fer[?] in operation in August. The rope they ai[?] hauling on spans the river.

Honiara's radio man Ron Calvert. 30 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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But I gather that moves are afoot increase the hours, and to inade commercial programmes.

The man who runs VQO Honiara still the man who started it off Ron Calvert. As Chief Wireless Beer with the BSIP Posts and decommunications, Ron, in 1952, ought it would be a good idea give the locals a radio station their own.

With a war scrap 400-watt transfer pulled out of the bush, he irted in business, using an 8 ft by ft room in the wireless station his “studio”. Ron virtually made i the programmes as he went mg—it was a just a hobby anyw—and on the occasions when wanted to put on a live broadst from a local native band the ;udio” would be moved to a nearby randah.

Miss Kay Poole, a South Ausilian who was and still is formation Officer, used to help a in those days of the “Shoestring twork”, as they called it, and lay Calvert and Miss Poole still rk closely together. He now has 3 title of “Broadcasting Officer” d is occupied full time. £ay Poole handles the news and 'angements for talks. She comes a five-minute bulletin nightly :ept Sunday, plus a pidgin lletin, a weekly news summary in viana and a 15-minute weekly itrict story. ‘People sometimes say to me, ‘You ven’t much to do, compiling five nutes news a day’ ”, observed Kay. ut it isn’t as simple as that”. [t certainly isn’t. Nobody who s not tackled the job can really ow how difficult it sometimes can be to fill a bulletin when the news isn’t there, and in handling the many other matters that come up.

Kay Poole obviously has her workmg day filled.

SOMEBODY on the roundabout somewhere suggested that since the Australian Government was not averse to using charming models to sell apples in Britain, the missions really ought to consider using charming missionaries to sell the work of the Islands church to the public. He meant the European public, of course—and why not?

Everybody needs a bit of public relations work these days if they are to get their message across, and if what was claimed in the Australian Parliament recently is true —that the Communists are planning to wage a hate campaign against Islands missionaries then the missions could do worse than think about it.

Anyhow, my nomination for a public relations officer is Sister Pamela Crawford, nursing sister in charge of the Melanesian Mission’s Fauabu leper colony, on the west coast of Malaita, BSIP. Originally from Wanganui, NZ, and still only 34, she has nevertheless been with the mission in the Solomons for 10 years—six of them with the le P ers - Even as a girl Sister Crawford al ways wanted to be a missionary 7“ a , furthermore—she wanted to L ook after le P,ers, too. She certainly work cut out at Fauabu, Wl th 74 in-patients and 70 out- Patients, but she manages to remain both cheerful and attractive and she has no complaints except one.

It seems that neither the chapel at the colony (St. Luke’s) nor at the mission’s general hospital (St.

Francis) not far away, has a decent bell. The bell at the hospital, which chimes the daylight hours and calls twice a day for church and rings for attention in maternity cases has long been cracked. The bell at the colony, used for meetings, for church and to call the people from the gardens, is simply a bomb casing which is struck by a piece of iron. (Over) [?]is Honiara band is performing in the early [?]ys of the BSIP's "Shoestring Network", [?]ere was no real studio then. They broadcast from a nearby verandah. 31 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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E name of Tsunesuke Tashiro, the Japanese who worked in New Guinea from 1917 right up to the outbreak of the Pacific war, has entered PI M’s pages a lot in the last few months. Wau (NG) identity “Mum” Bowring told the story of how Tash had turned up on a Japanese warship at Kieta in 1942 and tipped off his pre-war friend Bishop Wade that he should clear off while the going was good.

A discussion followed in the Mailbag columns about whether it was indeed Tash or a Japanese named Yatoshi, another NG oldhand, who had later gone back to Japan. Bishop Wade himself, now in Boston, USA, settled the argument in June by saying that the man in question had been Tashiro.

One would think that was the end of it. Yatoshi, somebody wrote, was dead, and Tashiro was living in Tokyo. Yet I heard quite a lot about Tashiro on this trip for his story had been recalled to many Bougainville readers because of PlM’s references. I heard there the story of how Tashiro (who was generally regarded as a “good bloke”) had helped popular Chinese trader Wong You off lightly at Kieta. Wong (who is now an Aussie, incidentally) was being questioned by a Japanese abou Coastwatcher Paul Mason an v/ouldn’t give any informatior Tashiro had interrupted the in terrogation by saying to th Japanese interrogator “He ha known Mason for 20 years; he ha known you for only five minutes”.

Paul Mason told me when I sa: him on this trip that he ha no doubt that such was Tashiro 1 knowledge of the natives that h could have located Mason.

“In other words,” said Paul, “ think Tashiro could have got me i he had wanted to.”

All this was the more interestin because by accident I locate Tashiro at Santo, in the Ne 1 Hebrides, in August.

Getting on in years, yet remark ably active, he has for the last for years been construction manage with the South Pacific Fishin Company—which operates the tun freezer there.

Santo dentist, Ken Bridges, a Aussie, drove me out to mee Tashiro, although Ken had no moi idea than I did that the populs Japanese at the fisheries was tb same Tashiro of Bougainvib memory—although Ken certain! had been wondering.

Tashiro recalled that he had gor back to Japan from Rabaul in Fefc ruary. 1941, and that he had bee; called up with the Japanese Nav in 1942 to be sent to New Guine with the Japanese forces as ai interpreter and native aff ai: officer. He had been in Rabaul rigH throughout the war, and was the: when Rabaul fell to the Allies. F said he didn’t pass on the messag to the Bishop in person—he did through a French priest, because h “didn’t want to cause the Bisho any embarrassment”.

Footnote: Yatoshi (“Tosh”) w: unfairly killed off by that PL reader. According to Tashiro, If is living in Nagasaki. They st:; Buka's popular Chinese-born trader Wong You 32 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

rite to each other and Tashiro ill keeps in touch with Bishop r ade. >AUL MASON, incidentally, is the president of the recently formed Bougainville Improvemt Association, which appears to ,ve a lot of local backing and )ks like going places. This is beuse membership is not confined ly to the European planters, but has native. Chinese and mission ;mbership. It is, as secretary F. R. ;Killop pointed out, “nonjtional, and working for the genii good of Bougainville”. \.nd Bougainville, as a whole, cernly needs some general good done ■ it. It gets a disgustingly poor il from the Administration — irely, I suspect, because it’s too ■ from anywhere, and too busy iducing things, to be heard. The ole 4,100 square miles of Bougainle (which produces more copra in Papua, and which has one rticular 40-mile stretch of eastern istline growing more than 5,000 of produce a year) has no arf, no real roads and is given equipment or men to keep the t tracks it has got in repair. I I’t suppose there is a foot of bitun in the whole of Bougainville, at Boroko, part of Port Moresby’s t-expanding suburbia, I saw one Le strip of sealed road near the pping centre that appeared quite lecessary. How Bougainville could re used it!

Tie difference in the amount of ney being spent in Moresby corned with the rest of the Terri- 7, and Bougainville in parilar, is now so great that sudily, this time, the position seemed be indecent.

It’s painful to have to report as an ex-Moresbyite that what New Britain and the islands have been so bitterly insisting these many years is at last coming true. The islands earn the cash—Port Moresby spends it. On itself. r:E reference to Honiara’s hospitality reminds me of the genuine hospitality that is also Norfolk’s. On “boat days” the island is a busy place, and there is plenty of work going on as the islanders attempt to beat Norfolk’s foul seas and unload the Tulagi with the minimum of loss. Despite this, nothing is too much trouble for the lighterage men in helping out Tulagi’s passengers who attempt to put foot on Norfolk soil from a madly heaving small boat. Often passengers get ashore unceremoniously with the aid of a cargo sling, as I did, but there is always a helping hand from the islanders.

Thus, it’s all the more surprising that the Norfolk Island Council should have snubbed Senator Paltridge so obviously the other day (see news pages) and then decide to apologise. The snub was not typical, certainly.

When I called, I was struck by the fact that although there was certainly a strong difference of opinion on how the Council should conduct its affairs, with some ripsnorting arguments going on in the best tradition, there were no real personal animosities. I got the most polite attention from both sides of the fence.

A humorous sidelight to the present argument is the way Norfolk News, the Administration’s roneoed weekly news-sheet, has been given a thorough pounding by some of its disgruntled readers —mostly Council members.

The editor of the News, I understand, is Administrator Leydin, who, no doubt, is learning the hard way what it’s like to be an editor and to attempt to please all the people all the time.

Most frequent complaint is that it allegedly quotes out of context parts of Council minutes, which thus can be “misleading”. Others also insist on full publication of various pieces of intelligence, and Santo's Tsunesuke Tashiro.

Bougainville planter F. R. McKillop has other interests besides the Bougainville Improvement Association—orchids. At his plantation a few miles north of Kieta he has thousands of orchids growing —the trees are almost swamped with them. He exchanges them with orchid lovers all over the world, and is himself regarded as an expert on the New Guinea varieties. Here he is in his hothouse showing some species to a visitor. Miss Jean Keeton.

Norfolk Island's Mr. F. Needham, Council president. 33 iCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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New Guinea Highlands sionary, who asked us not to use name, also has something to say 1 month about what he terms the ices that can be heard clamourfor the independence of New nea”. He writes: hey are voices of foreigners— pie who are foreign to the ritory who know New Guinea )ugh a blitz visit by air but who surely foreign to the conditions 3. They judge by generalising n. the hot house samples they t at Hanuabada, or on the Lk or among the Tolais. But bethere is any talk about inmdence, some injustices have je eradicated. )me of these flourish as proed flowers under the great an of Native Custom. They are to be found in some unknown i village but in quite frequented ;s with a dense population, here is the selling of little girls marriage—not, mind you, a e marking. The selection of the mts is not influenced by the ities of the future husband but the possessions of his father— icularly by the number of his . The biggest bride payment is le before there is a bride, long time—often years—before girl enters womanhood she is ■sed up and told to go to the sband”. If she refuses there will endless nagging and beatings, mever there is a good feast the will get a bone—No meat until heeds the decision of the mts. Should the girl test the ence of her people too long she be dragged to the husband’s house—sometimes on a pole, like a Pig.

If she is lucky to have some friends she will escape again and again, to take refuge with them.

In any case she has to live like a hunted animal, or else she will live with one real and one hidden husband as best she can manage.

All this happens even a few yards off the main road, where jeeps and trucks shoot past. Luluais usually stick to the old slogan of Native Custom.

If a married woman is divorced or leaves her husband, often on account of mental and bodily cruelty, she is again at a disadvantage, According to Native Custom she has to leave her children with her husband.

Visits of UNO officials or Parliamentarians are not such that they see the real life of the people. They are entertained by colourful dances performed by the natives in obedience to “orders” to entertain some white chief, or performed out of mere curiosity to see a wandering white circus. mplain when they can’t be fitted to the News’ pages. There isn’t i editor who hasn’t heard all that fore.

Norfolk News dutifully reports 3st of the complaints of its critics le main story for the issue of igust 25 is headed “Council Not 3ased with Norfolk News”) and inly attempts to point out that is doing the best it can with its lited resources and that it is iking every effort to be impartial.

Ind it is being impartial, and lerally doing a good job, but one i imagine that the Administration Norfolk is hoping fitfully that i day may come when private ;erprises will take from its adders the burdensome responilities of newspaper ownership! ncidentally, I heard the same t of thing in the New Hebrides 1 the Solomons —both newspaper- ; territories, whose Administrais say they would welcome a vspaper if somebody would offer start one.

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Luganville, Santo, in the New Hebrides was expected to have its automatic telephone system working in late August. The equipment and telephones came from England and he exchange building is not far from the Sarakata Bridge, 35 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960 Editor/ WaiiL 9 (Continued from page 27)

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Sydneysider At Home Base Taking Time Out For Television It was Old Territorians’ night at Sydney television station ATN on the last Sunday in August, when four men braved the glaring white light of this medium to try to prove to Mainland Australians that homs and forked-tails are not currently being worn by all Europeans in Papua-New Guinea.

HE brave men were Messrs. Mick Leahy, R. F. Bunting, R. W.

Robson and Graham Kingsfordith. Mr. Kingsford-Smith used 3e a coffee planter at Goroka, but v is a Sydneysider and arranges se discussion panels professionr. He therefore deserves all he 3. tick Leahy, one of the discoverers the New Guinea Highlands in early 1930’5, and now the owner the biggest cattle station in the ritory, has been crossing swords ;ly with all the experts who have n tossing the Territory back to natives. He was filled with sionary zeal, and would have ?d a den of lions to get over his it that some reassurance for the opean settlers in the Territory ild be in order before Australia ked out. ; was the other two who were the ctant dragons—mostly, I suspect, luse they both live for a fair t of the year in Sydney, and as ilar television viewers have seen it of the prominent figures of time cut down to size by the orting process of the TV camera. he previous week, in that same ion, there had been the spectacle the Commonwealth Treasurer, ;old Holt, defending his Budget mst the barbs of Federal Opposii Leader Calwell.

Tiat the Treasurer said may have ii pure wisdom; but I swear that it viewers were more diverted by the Holt profile, with which a pixilated TV camera completely filled their screens, and even more so by the Holt ear that, by some third-dimensional trick, appeared to be drawn out of the Holt face like a wind scoop, and actually wiggled and twisted like an animate creature in its own right, as its owner drove home his points, Mr. Holt is a reasonably goodlooking man and is still on the right side of 60; but, according to that malevolent camera, he could have been 90, and with that great mane of silver hair brushed back he looked like a kookaburra with ears, no mo™. , ™hat then would the cameras do “ ssssrszsnss e Or crumple up their faces like old rubber dolls? Magnify each whisker and wart or freckle? Or by some juxtaposition of features and a 100to-one chance, might one o 1 * other of them turn out to be actually telegenic?

Being human, this is probably what they thought as they sweated out the preliminaries in that huge barn-like studio with its miles of trailing wire, its cameras and its pendant microphones, and its white arc-lights beating down on the table where X marked the spot.

The whole place had something of the atmosphere of a hospital theatre before a major operation.

Looking as though they might suddenly take fright like stallions and paw the floor and neigh, they are led off, one by one, to where a phlegmatic, small female encases them in sun-tan pancake makeup. paints their eyelids green and the tips of their noses something else and, thus finally prepared for the ordeal, they seat themselves at the table beneath the lights.

Robson Discovers The Highlands The three cameras move in for the kill, and Mr. Kingsford-Smith goes into his introductory remarks, followed smartly by a short section of film on New Guinea that is supposed to get viewers in the right frame of mind. The three other participants brace themselves for the trials to come.

The film speeds on, native potmakers dissolving into what looks like natives digging a hole and then the whole lot dissolving into a seismographic explosion as the film hops the sprockets of the projector and jazzes and leaps to a full stop.

The floor manager yells “cut”; the cameras draw back; and Mr.

Kingsford-Smith produces what could be described as a calming smile. The others look blank.

Fortunately this is being put on video-tape for showing later in the night, so no great harm is done, and after a few minutes they get going again. Mr. Kingsford-Smith again makes his introductory speech, the newsreel takes over and, with only a small shudder at the critical moment, manages to stay on its sprockets; Messrs. Leahy, Bunting, and Robson tense themselves again for the introductions.

Two of them might have tensed themselves a bit more if they had known that at that very moment the cameras were getting their wires crossed, and that Mr. Robson, who obviously didn’t know the gun was loaded, was employing the distinterested look of an Egyptian mummy Old Territorians' Night on Sydney TV station ATN.

From left, Graham Kingsford- Smith, Bob Bunting, R. W. Robson, Mick Leahy. 37 C 1 F I c ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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S. E. TATHAM & CO. PTY. LTD. 414 Collins St., Melbourne Z 614 while being introduced as “Mr. Mick Leahy, who discovered the Ne'w Guinea Highlands”, And Mr. Leahy, who didn’t knov the camera was on him, either, while suitably composing his face into the right expression for tearing strips off theorists, was being shown to the unseen audience as “Mr. R. W Robson, the founder and publisher o the Pacific Islands Monthly But, after this final sortie, th( gremlins departed and the four mei settled down to a calm and reasonee discussion of the place of Europeai private enterprise in New Guinea and why Australia can’t just do j Congo and pull up stakes and flit.

The minor miracle of these thing —at least as far as the interestei bystander is concerned —is that hav ing spent half of the afternoon i] a dozen apparently unconnectei fiascos, the whole thing should b delivered later that nightsuspended between shaving-crear advts., certainly—but for all thai neatly packaged into a 25-minute programme that hangs together an actually makes sense.

The $64 question so far as Guinea is concerned, of course, i whether all the trouble which thi entailed for the participants reall pays off. The answer is that it coul hardly fail to do so—so far as it wen There should be more of this soi of thing, better timed and dishe up in various l sugar-coated ways fc today’s viewer or listener.

Ten o’clock on a Sunday nigh when Sydney Suburbia—the sectio that most needs educating aboi P-NG —is likely to be preparing fc bed is not the best time for this tyi of programme. Nor is 30 minute including the sponsor’s soap or flj spray, the introduction and tt warming-up period, sufficient tirr for four men with ideas to produc the kind of verbal bombs that ai likely to jolt viewers from the chairs.

Nonetheless, those who deliberate; set out to see it, and those wt lingered on after the Sunday mov and survived the advertisements ths attended it, could not help bi observe that these men who defende the rights of private enterprise : the Territory had no smell of brim stone about them, but spoke ar acted and (in spite of the worst tU television cameras could do) looke like normal men, and that the arguments were logical.

Picking ’em Up Putting ’em Down Marathon walking is just like an other kind of walking said ex-pos: man George Lockwood, when I plodded into Sydney during tl month after walking 2,800 mill across the Continent from Fr mantle since mid-March.

According to George, it’s just matter of picking ’em up ar putting ’em down, until you g where you want to go—not that tl: SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Apply R. Toft, Superintendent, Box 36, Herberton, Nth. Queensland (Advertisement) To Beautify The Neck In cultivating a beautifully smooth neck, be particularly careful in the warmer weather when the skin contracts and little natural skin oil gets to the surface. Guard against wrinkle-dryness as there is so much movement in the neck skin. The most satisfactory near-natural protector for the neck is your oil of ulan. When you use it for your daily complexion care, don’t forget the neck. For best results, you should bleach, cleanse and tone with lemon delph and protect and nourish with oil of ulan as a regular routine. Ask your chemist or cosmetic supplier for oil of ulan and lemon delph freshener. . . . Margaret Merril me hasn’t been ruined, but! >orge had a lot to say about these I girls that natter about eating iss, and not drinking beer, and ving babies at 100. \t about the same time, the old 1 in question—Dr. Barbara Moore vas giving the Australian fruit lustry a big boost in America. In j course of putting on a tantrum the San Francisco Air Terminal, ? pelted Customs oiffcials with the stralian fruit they wouldn’t let : take into the States —amongst ; assortment, “two of the biggest mges” this fruit-and-veg consseur had ever seen. flDout a day later (such is the age), she was storming the US ibassy in London with six Auslian lemons and two Australian ties which had somehow escaped • US Customs net. What happened the flora and fauna is not reded, but Dr. Babs ticked everyi off properly about the San incisco do.

Tie modern phenomena of the Barbara Moores are something ponder about in idle moments, t of the darkest period of last pish mid-winter, she sprang ly~fl e dged onto the front pages the sensational Press with the ertion that she would walk from in O’Groats to Land’s End on nothing more inspirational than honey, nuts and carrot juice.

No sooner had the doctor proved her point, than a teenager took up the challenge and mowed some days off her time; and then holiday-camp tycoon, Billy Butlin, weighed in with handsome cash prizes for the fastest time for the same route. No less than 500 people staggered off into the February mists, snows and gales of northern Scotland to prove that the Second Elizabethan Age did not find the spirit of adventure entirely dead in Englishmen (or women).

For weeks they strode or limped down the length of the UK, and even at the end of March stragglers were checking into the bleak hotel at the tip of the long nose of Cornwall. These were not, of course, fuelled by carrot juice alone; most of them were doing about 10 miles to the gallon of mild-and-bitter.

That Long, Long Trail But though others might better the doctor’s walking, she was always one hop ahead in publicity. She went quickly off to the United States to walk across the North American continent, and when the small centre called Blacktown, on the fringe of Sydney’s metropolitan area, had some sort of anniversary in July, it was Dr. Moore who came all the way out here to provide the piece de resistance.

For the edification of Blacktownians she promised to walk the 400-odd miles from Albury in a week. Such a stroll, she said, would be a flea-bite. But this was the flea that turned and bit; and as the good doctor plugged on, complaining bitterly of the hard bitumen roads, her poor, sore feet and our ghastly winter weather, one week lengthened into two. Not that she didn’t get a flattering amount of attention: whole towns along the way turned out to see her pass, and panting radio and TV reporters interviewed her on the run.

She had. she claimed, definitely halted the ageing process by her diet of honey and nuts. At 57 she was still capable of having a baby (by which one assumed that she was still —though why go into gynaecological details), but just for the heck of it, she would wait until 100 before she let motherhood overtake her.

She was born in Russia, at one time was Russian champion female motor-cyclist, was currently married to an Englishman, and expected to live to 200.

Her recipe for a long and healthy life included a lot of walking (obvious), nuts, honey and fruit — and no meat, alcohol or sex. It seems to me like the made-to-order remark to bring forth the classic retort: Under those circumstances, you don’t live longer—it only seems longer!

Polynesian Restaurant For Sydney London’s got one and the United States has some—now Sydney is to follow suit with a Polynesian Restaurant. Sydney’s version has a fair chance of being more authentic than the others because Mine Host will be John Hunter, Pacific cruising yachtsman ex “Nirvana” and more recently of “Goodewind” (both owned by Australian-bom London dental surgeon K. W.

Laws).

“ Goodewind” reached Sydney from the UK via Panama and Pacific ports in June, and since then Mr. Hunter, who has been interested in the restaurant business as well as yachts for some time, has been looking around for suitable premises.

He’s found them at King’s Cross but does not expect to be in business there until about February, 1961—and when he is, we’ll be telling you more about it. Sounds like the sort of place that would make the same kind of rendezvous for cruising yachtsmen as Usher’s New Guinea Bar used to be for Territorians.

“Goodewind” meantime is anchored in Pittwater, Sydney, and will be an entrant in the Montague Island Yacht Race and the Christmas-New Year Sydney-Hobart classic. 39 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Graham Kerr's Death Breaks A Link With The Old Days For many years, up until a few :eks ago, the tall figure of Mr. aham L. S. Kerr, snowy-haired and ddy of complexion, had been a niliar one amongst the regular immers at Anse Vata beach, )umea. But his death in Noumea ispital at 87 on August 16 removed t only a well-known local resint but also one of the last human ks with the pre-Condominium ;w Hebrides.

FE was born in Whangarei, New L Zealand, of Scots parents— James Walter Kerr and his wife >ra. Flora Kerr’s maiden name s McLeod, and she was a sister the famous Captain Donald Leod, who had established himf in the New Hebrides as a powner and trader in the 1860’s, n 1894, Captain McLeod died and aham, who was then about 21, nt from New Zealand to Vila take over the business. In the lowing year he was joined by his er brother James; and some irs later by his sister Flora and brother Hugh. (Mr. Hugh Kerr d about three years ago in Syda later stage two younger *ts Mary and Agnes, also took interest in the business, mostly the Sydney end, at a time when 7 women had much influence in J business world.

The Kerr brothers and sisters at first carried on the business under the name of McLeod and Company; this later became Kerr Brothers & Company and in 1909, Kerr Brothers Ltd. was registered in Sydney, where a branch office had been opened in 1902.

Between the death of McLeod and World War I, the company, essentially a family one, was specially interested in trading in the group, where they founded several trading stations.

Important Fleet From Vila, a small but important fleet radiated out, reaching as far as Noumea and Sydney.

Among the vessels carrying the firm’s flag were: Mary Anderson, Tamarina (built in New Zealand), Countess of Ranfurly (bought from the New Zealand Government)), Tathra, Flinders, Polynesian, Aoba, Toa, Rosabel, France, Lunawanna, and White Heather.

The Tathra, a fast twin-screw vessel of 600 tons, perfectly adapted to the transport of passengers, met with a tragic end during a hurricane on the night of January 3-4, 1912, on the coast of Ambrym, when 24 people lost their lives.

Amongst those on board were Mr. and Mrs. Graham Kerr and their first child, Muriel, and Kerr’s sister, Flora, who had married Mr.

James Nicol. Mrs. Kerr was saved, and Mrs. Nicol was also picked up; but Mr. Kerr, with the child in his arms, and a native drifted for 12 Veteran New Hebrides trader Graham Kerr, who died in Noumea in August, was the nephew of pioneer trader Captain Donald McLeod. He took oyer McLeod's business in Vila when Mc- Leod died in 1894. This old photograph shows McLeod's original store at Vila, with McLeod himself at right, holding cap. 41 kCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Fiji Agents: Burns Philp (S.S.) Co. Ltd., Suva duts on a spar, during which time le child died. The native was killed . the surf when the spar finally ashed up on the reef of a small land off the north coast of Maleila, but Mr. Kerr, though cut to bbons on the coral, managed to it ashore. A French planter looked ter him.

Vast Plantation The company had also, at this ne, established a vast plantation Turtle Bay, on the east coast of into, and with its agency business Sydney continued to prosper. In 27, however, the company sold all ; New Hebrides property to a ench company and ceased for a ne to exist. It was Agnes Kerr, very capable accountant, who in r dney attended to the liquidation.

The name Kerr Brothers (but this ne Pty. Ltd.) was taken up again d re-established in Sydney shortly terwards, with a trading branch Vila. This company dealt as Dkers for New Hebrides planters d traders, and in this capacity 11, of course, exists. [ts first managing director was •aham Kerr and although he ide his new headquarters in Sydy, he travelled extensively in the w Hebrides and elsewhere for his m. He claimed that he had welled more than 1,000,000 miles Europe and America, by sea and air before he retired in 1946.

Seven Children Because he liked the New Calenian climate, he went there to s with his wife Muriel and their Lighter Margaret and after 1948 ;ame a well known resident of umea. Old residents of the New brides will remember him not only a straight-shooting businessn and pioneer, but as a first-class mis player, a bridge player of ne note and as an enthusiast who ioyed his swim every day. le was very active until only a 7 weeks before his death. )f his marriage to Miss Muriel tton in Sydney in 1909 there were en children: Muriel (1910), who dm the Tathra disaster; Joyce 13). now Mrs. Gillespie, of London; Muriel (1916), now Mrs. Bogg, of Sydney; Katherine (1917), now Mrs. Caws e y, of Melbourne; Margaret (1919), now attached to the South Pacific Commission in Noumea; Graham (1922), of Sydney; and Nancy (1929), now Mrs. Eling, of London.

Mrs. Kerr, who is still living in Noumea, and all the children with the exception of the first Muriel, survive him. None of the children entered his business.

Mr. Tearii Marsters, a Cook Islander living in Auckland and recently married, won the first prize of £5,000 in a sweepstake in August.

Tho lato Mr. Graham Kerr, with Mrs. Kerr— a recent photograph. 43 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Territories TALK-TALK With TOLALA It was somewhat of a coincidence that a friend handed me a copy of The Catholic Weekly during the second week in August last and drew my attention to the start of a serialisation of Bishop Scharmach’s book, “This Crowd Beats Us All”. |N August 19, 1945, I, with my ' fellow internees, was transferred from the Jap dug-out city of mare (which lay somewhere held Kurakakaue plantation on the rth Coast of New Britain) to the tholic Mission “Protectorate 3urity” camp at Ramale —someere behind Tobua plantation. ) Occupation Rabaul ind now, just 15 years later, I ,d of His Lordship’s record of at happened to the Sacred Heart ssion at Vunapope in those first rs of the Jap occupation, I shall k forward to the time when the )k is published. n a foreword, Bishop Scharmach Jains the title as being taken m a remark of a Jap. He writes; iwards the end of our battle panese) General Staff officers nitted their own defeat in these ■ds: ‘Bishop, we have discussed [ and your missionaries many, ny times. We cannot make you . This crowd beats us all’ hat explains the title, lut whether Bishop Scharmach duly emphasise the great task, ti which he and his executives e faced when the Japs came in, tains to be seen, spent a month in the Ramale ip— ; from a few days after the listice until the Aussies came > New Britain in the middle of tember—and during that period salised what a stupendous task with which the Bishop had to cope.

Not only as spokesman with the Japanese, but maintaining happy relations between missionary workers from many countries. (And if ever tempers become ragged it is certainly during days of long internment and nights of incessant bombing!) T 0f Ra ™ ale ™ hen 1 a T V f^ Wa L a ha PP mess as - P° sBlbl p- German, .rench. American, Australian, Belgian, Poles, English—all missionaries from these various countries lived m perfect harmony.

There were in all 331 inhabitants of the Valley on September 1. I got the figure from Father Muller, the so-capable business manager, and these included such internees as the Rundnagels the Tills Mrs Kaumann-Juker ’(who died there on September 2), Mrs Muller Bischoff the Hoerlers, Padre James Benson (who wrote Prisoners Base and Home Again).

Th e recording hv tbp • R i c v lAn v, l ij recordings by the Bishop S®? bef ° re tbe wading fH? 110 .. the outstanding bravery and of these missionaries in remaining at their Post, during the Guinef^ 8 experienced in New The Musa's Sister Ship I was interested in reading about Nusa (“Shipping”. August PIM, p. 107). She has had a varied career.

If I am not mistaken she was captured over in the Duke of Yorks by the Australians in a small concealed harbour with a coconut palm stuck in her funnel! I have an idea Jack Thurston owned her at one time and that later in the ’3o’s she was sold to a syndicate that operated around Samarai.

Her sister ship, Buka, was used by the Kiap in Kieta (Capt. Doellinger) in pre-War I days and was run on firewood. Native villages at approprivate anchorages were required to have supplies of cut wood available for the Kiap’s periodical visits. (What a saving in running expenses!) When war was declared, Buka was taken from Kieta harbour and sunk in deep water a few miles north at Rorovana.

Reports that she had a quantity of bullion aboard prompted the Administration to attempt a salvage and Capt. Komine (the Rabaul Japanese ship-builder and accredited consul) was on the job but there was too much Pacific Ocean around the spot and nothing was ever accomplished.

That ROW Mail John Watson (“Editors’ Mailbag”, August PIM) would probably get the low-down on the POW mail in Rabaul and dropped over Port Moresby in 1942, from war historian Gavin Long in Canberra. I remember handing in letters on two occasions.

I cannot recall the date the first time we were given the opportunity It's Got a Plaque at Last e Marquis de Rays’ mill-stone has got a plaque at last. ought out by the ill-fated colonists to the Marquis’ settlet at Port Breton, New Ireland, in 1880, to grind the corn .never & rew - it was salvaged and taken to Rabaul in the Thirties and erected outside the Works Department buildsurvived the war, although the original plaque was lost Australian soldiers who relieved Rabaul in 1945 took it e some Japanese memorial (it had Japanese writing on it hat stage). It was re-erected and a new plaque ordered it but this somehow managed to get itself lost in the rinths of Canberra or Port Moresby. Now it- has its Intion which, brief though it is, may encourage visitors (or lents) to do a little research into early New Guinea history. —Photo Gordon Bladen.

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DISTRIBUTORS: DUTCH NEW GUINEA: H. Englebert n.v., Hollandia. SOLOMON ISLANDS: Mr. K. H. Dalrymple Hay, Honiara. NEW CALEDONIA; Agence Automobile, Noumea. TAHITI: Hintze & Company, Papeete. NEW HEBRIDES: Kerr Bros. Limited, Sydney. FIJI: Niranjan's Service Station, Suva. PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: Steamships Trading Company Limited, Port Moresby and Samarai, Dealers; New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., Wau and Lae. Rabaul Trading Co. Ltd., Rabaul.

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We were sceptical of their ultimate rival in Australia. But I later ard that some of the letters were ;eived by relatives, although mine ver made the grade. I also heard sy were dropped over Moresby but ne bags fell into the sea and were t. I do not know what Jap ladron made the drop. \.s for the old air companies he sntions I cannot recall “Papuan .ways” operating from Salamaua that time. Could he be referring the Pacific Air Transport (PAT) rted by Ray Parer and operating •m Salamaua to Wau? Arthur llins started an air company in haul some time in ’33, I think, b it didn’t last long. lence the Tolais? 2ecil Hobler, in Port Moresby, ikes some comments on the par DUt the Tolais coming from New Ireland (June “Talk-Talk”) and mentions that in parts of the West Coast of Southern New Ireland the Blanche Bay dialect is spoken.

“Further, when the Methodist Mission holds its annual ‘Waratibar’ (sic) at Watnabra Mission station some men from New Ireland attend.”

The New Ireland area referred to by Mr. Hobler used to be (and may still be) know as Topai and, when I was at Watnabra back in 1911, was part of the circuit with headquarters at Watnabra, where the George Brown College was located and all teachers both from New Britain. Duke of York and New Ireland were trained. TTae common language used was the Blanche Bay dialect, all New Testaments and hymn books were printed in the Tinata Kunua and became a lingua franca amongst Methodists in all districts. The New Ireland and Duke of York natives have their own distinctive languages and dialects. At least they used to have; for I am speaking of nearly 50 years ago.

Mr. Hobler’s reference to “Waratibar” should be Waratabara. The prefix warn before tabara (to give) creates the word “giving” in the Tinata and refers to the annual Methodist May meetings, when the villagers made their gifts in cash for the Good Cause.

In my time on Duke of York they were held at various centres where Police Cyclist Is Radio Controlled Sub-Inspector Roy Monaghan, of the Royal Papua-New Guinea Constabulary, in Rabaul in August operates the first two-way radio to be fitted to a police motor cycle in the Territory. Other police cycles are likely to be fitted if this set is successful. Six cars are already fitted with two-way radio in Rabaul. The transmitter on the cycle replaces one of the saddle bags, and a loud-speaker is also attached to the crash bar so the cyclist can be called up while on the move. He pulls out the hand telephone to reply. Sub-Inspector Monaghan is on traffic duty in Rabaul. 47

C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

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Special Order Forms Post Free on Request 7e ral villages would assemble, stage iborate dances, feasts and then ch Church member would donate ; offering by depositing the needful •rman marks (equivalent to about L in those days) in a large white amel basin. }ften several villages would keenly npete with each other and this itest almost reached blows ongst some of the more fanatical mbers. Needless to say, this airy was not discouraged by the ite missionaries.

Veil do I remember the task of nting the harvest of these enamel ins. It amounted to many idreds of pounds. was always careful to pick out bird-of-paradise marks of the New Guinea Kompagnie, and ) the English shillings, of which re was a goodly number, he writer also seeks the derivai of the word Tolai, stating that word Taulai meaning “married” >ronounced in the same way.

Ithough Tolai is pronounced “tol as he asserts, taulai is proneed “tow” (to rhyme with Wau) cannot say whence Tolai comes, is certainly prefix for a male le. There might be a link up i the word for friend Talai, but t is only a guess, have no Blanche Bay dictionary 3 but there must be many a sionary of New Britain who can ply the answer. My knowledge he Tinata has become hazy with effusion of time. I have no one i whom to use it in this neck he woods!

Roberts-Mah tials tie Public Relations Bureau dling the “Wedding of the Year” labaul last month, certainly did >od job. It made the front pages oth Sydney morning newspapers TV fans had the satisfaction of ng the bridal outfit at their ire. (See elsewhere). regrettable feature surely was ; the caterers were unable to )ly a sufficient number of npagne glasses, and beer glasses to be substituted. Oh, dear. r very non-U! But at least ocratic. should at least be apparent now he Afro-Asian members of the ) that racial discrimination in New Guinea Trusteeship Terridoes not exist. Australian □ur politicians should feel less rehensive that a repetition of go incidents might be staged in Territory, at just exactly what impression spasm of leaning over backds by the whites in regard to gration has on the native’s mind nybody’s guess and personally I can’t see that it will be too favourable.

If nothing else, the New Guinean —and particularly the Tolais—are born psychologists.

To paraphrase an old adage; He doth lean back too much!

A Query With P-NG now being accepted as an integral part of Australia by the introduction of income tax, would it not be appropriate to dispense now with customs tariffs, permits for landing and so forth? ”Tis an idea for some legal eagle to work out.

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C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

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Cables and Telegrams: "MANNTRADER", Sydney. hey've Cruised A Year-But Not For Pleasure nknown to the 800 Australians on lood-time Islands cruise in the *,r “ Strathnaver” in August, there e two other 'passengers securely ced in a dark artificially-lit fourth cabin in the crew’s quarters ) were travelling under less happy umstances—as stateless persons.

IE two men, Samuel Abdullah, aged 24, and Joseph Vaz, aged 22, have been shuffled round the Id in various P and O Line ships the past year, since they first yed away in Strathnaver. hey were found in that vessel ir it had sailed from Colombo Bombay. Though they claimed to Df East Punjab origin they had papers to prove it. They were ised entry to India and were isferred to another ship for rei to Colombo, t Colombo, the authorities there led all knowledge of them and ned that they must have already i in Strathnaver before her val at Colombo. bus commenced a life of mobile risonment.

From Ship to Ship iey have been moved from ship >hip in port, or held in shore s temporarily, and taken on ses in the direction of countries :h might accept them, le shipping line was hoping ►erately that their story that they lived in Fiji for a time would iccepted and that they would be tved in, but the Suva Immigraauthorities, after closely stioning the men, were convinced * they had never been to Fiji ►re and that they had no claim ntry.

Unless someone, somewhere, is prepared to sponsor them and that particular country is prepared to grant them compassionate entry, the outlook now is not particularly bright for either the men or the shipping line. The line would be liable for forfeiture of a substantial bond in most countries if the men gained illegal entry.

According to their own story, told through a barred porthole at Suva, the men were put in a ship trading round the Persian Gulf and over a period of eight months they could have taken the opportunity to slip ashore—but the Persian Gulf looked even less hospitable than a locked cabin so they declined the privilege.

Earlier this year, while in another P and O ship, they got loose in Marseilles—no doubt to the delight of the company—but a few days later they were in London, again awaiting the hospitality of the shipping line. They had been promptly sent off by air to London under restraint.

They commenced their second sojourn in Strathnaver early in June.

Officers in Strathnaver think that the men probably are Pakistanis.

Possibly they left just prior to the partition of India, with no evidence of nationality. They would have been young boys then.

Now they seem to be a genuine case for United Nations attention. men on a never-ending cruise-Samuel [?]ullah (left) and Joseph Vaz, photographed [?]rd the “Strathnaver" in Suva in August I “PIM" staff correspondent Jim Shortall. 51 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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The Viets Are On The Way Home From a Correspondent in Santo, New Hebrides Market-gardening and the operating of taxi cabs look like being two businesses wide open for the asking in the New Hebrides soon. Both are in the hands almost entirely of the Vietnamese and the Vietnamese are going home. mHE decision to repatriate them has been made recently alter lengthy and involved negotiations between France and Vietnam.

The New Hebrides’ Viets come under the same repatriation scheme as those in New Caledonia, for they all came to the Pacific under the same indentured labour scheme pre-war.

They were brought from French Indo-China (now Vietnam), under five-year contracts, and the repatriation schemes were working satisfactorily until the war. when they broke down. The Viets were allowed to remain as free citizens.

Comparatively few have been repatriated since the war, again because of political conditions. North Vietnam is now under Communist control, and most of the Viets in both New Caledonia and the New Hebrides come from the north.

In July, the New Caledonian Government announced that agreement had at last been reached for the Viets in New Caledonia and the New Hebrides to choose (1) To be repatriated to Haipong (North); (2) To be repatriated to Saigon (South); or (3) Remain where they are. If they choose to remain they lose any rights to be repatriated and must conform to all the requirements of other foreigners.

There are no definite figures available at the moment, but probably about 5,000-6,000 Viets will be repatriated from both Territories, which is most of them. And virtually all will go to Haipong. There are at least 2,000 Viets in the New Hebrides.

The first repatriates are expected to leave New Caledonia in October, aboard a British ship chartered at Hongkong. That vessel will carry 550 passengers a voyage, at a reported cost of £A50,000 a voyage, the cost to be met by the French Government.

Canned Veg. Again The ship will sail right to Haipong. and a French and Vietnamese delegate will accompany each voyage to iron out any difficulties.

The New Hebrides probably hasn’t realised yet the effect the Viets withdrawal is going to have, although people are telling themselves that since they once lived on canned vegetables, they can do it again.

Perhaps they can, but fresh vegetables are pretty good, too, and it is not likely that anything like the past supply is going to be available, since the Viets virtually are the market gardens.

Similarly, where are all the plumbers, carpenters, painters, concreters and odd-job men going to come from after the Viets leave?

Everybody complains about the quality of their work—which is pretty rough work —but at least it gets done and there is nobody else to do it. For a wage of £2 or £3 a day a Viet will turn his hand at just about anything.

Being mechanically minded, it was probably not surprising that they took on local work as motor mechanics and that this led to their interest in the taxi cab business. Nearly all of New Hebrides’ cabs are run by the Viets. They operate 86 of them on Santo alone. (Over) This group of Vietnamese was [?]hotographed in August in their shanty town camp just outside of Luganville, Santo.

Most of the Viets in this camp come from North (Communist) Vietnam, and will probably opt to be repatriated there.

WANTED IN NEW CALEDONIA! It's hardly vable. This 17-year-old Vietnamese lass of [?]nea expects to sail in the first repatriate ship to Vietnam in October.

Photo: Fred Dunn. 53

C I F I C Islands Monthly— September, 1960

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Good Citizens t all-in-all, the Viets are hard ers who get into little trouble, ;hey are regarded here as useful ns in their own quiet way. 3y don’t have any land of their but live in camps for the most -ugly eye-sores of tin and Their conditions are probably heir fault so much as that of authorities who have allowed to build to such a poor ard. 3 New Hebrides’ Viets appear to ippy, and thus their decision ; repatriated is all the more ising to local people. iy should they want to return to a Communist Government? nmented one local business- “ They’ll get a shock. Out here are all small capitalists themselves, and they can’t really know what life is like under Communism.

It will probably be too late when they find out.”

But the Viets became homesick like anybody else, and there doesn’t seem to be any doubt, into the bargain, that they have been reading a lot of Red propaganda.

It comes in through their home newspapers, which many of them get sent out, and also by radio.

When a Viet buys a radio in the New Hebrides he usually insists that it should be powerful enough to pick up one of his own stations. Furthermore. more often than not, he’ll insist that the radio set prove that it can do the job, and he will want a free demonstration before he leaves the shop.

Without the Viets, the New Hebrides will certainly not be the same.

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Pied Pipers of Pentecost Rats have become a menace n many parts of the South } acific, and they are a paricular problem in the lanmawat area of Pentecost, n the New Hebrides, where Irs. J. Smith (above) and er husband are missionaries nth the Church of Christ, 'he rats will attack anything nd eat anything, but the local ats have become so inbred hat they are now useless at eeping the rats down. When Tr. and Mrs. Smith returned ■> Pentecost in August after lave in Australia they took nth them two cats from ydney, in the hope that they nil put new blood—and new ourage into the Pentecost it population, and thus enble them to tackle the impaging rats. 55 11FIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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September, 19 6 0 -Pacific Islands Month

On The Trail Of The Cargo Cultists With STUART INDER /ho Adds a Note About Fellows Being Buried Alive “A native uprising on Bougainville is imminent!” he Administration officer said in an urgent report o his superior in Port Moresby. “Is it true that hey buried a Bougainville native alive last week?” isked the planter. “It’s Cargo Cult—the worst mtbreak since the war. There is a nationalist novement growing on Buka,” said the priest.

DUGAINVILLE, New Guinea’s rich yet neglected eastern island, certainly appeared to be in the > of something in August when I sed that way, so I stopped off lave a look. argo Cult is what they were ing it, but that phrase always covered a multitude of native ; not all of them related to the ive belief that the good things he world from the white man’s ;ories are about to arrive for n by the shipload, nly a couple of weeks before, n in the New Hebrides, others been telling me, again, about Jon Frummers, of Tanna —the rgo Cult” movement which was -government and which, they ~ was spreading again. Maybe as, but I didn’t go to Tanna so m’t know. nd in the Solomons they told again, about the “Marching 3” of Malaita, and how it was uning active once more. That’s t some of them said, anyhow, thers told me about the natives Southern Guadalcanal who were ig in holes in the ground or ething; and about that fellow ■ on Santa Ana who was guided the spirits and was anxiously ■ing to be ordained “Bishop of ta Ana”. That fellow (they said) with the Melanesian Mission, the Methodists had been havtheir Cargo Cult troubles, too.

Hot Gospeller hey told me of the Methodist chist on the north-west coast of r Georgia named Silas Ete, who i 11 ? 1861 * up as a Hot Gospeller had built a model village for his hymn-singing adherents. It was supposed to be a spotlessly clean and well ordered village, beautifully laid out with streets and fences, and he called it Paradaisi.

They said Ete was a problem, but since I never visited Paradaisi —or Malaita, or Santa Ana for that matter, I don’t know. But I did later visit Rabaul, where they told me some of the Tolais had been watching for a few nights for a submarine off the coast that was to bring them cargo, or take them to America, or something.

And what was all this about Cargo Cult on Bougainville?

The natives had been cleaning up the cemeteries, they told me when I arrived at Kieta, on Bougainville’s east coast.

They had been removing all the crosses and the flowers, so that their ancestors would not be plagued by the new fangled religion, and thus the ground would be prepared for all the cargo that the ancestors were to place in the cemeteries.

September D-Day The cargo would arrive some time in September, and the Catholics would receive most of it. (Up the coast a bit later, they told me the Catholics had told the Seventh-day Adventists that they could have some of the cargo when it came, but that they would have to pay for their share) There was talk that the natives were saying nasty things about the whites, but nobody had actually heard them saying them.

Some native labour wasn’t turning up at work, they told me. It was expected this might have something to do with Cargo Cult, but when the planters asked their boys why they had been absent, they always seemed to have a reasonable explanation.

“The trouble is,” said one planter, “that while there may not be anything much you can exactly put your finger on at the moment, you never know where these things might lead.”

Three native cemeteries near Kieta had been cleaned up. I had a look at one of them. It was bare —except for one solitary white cross like a shining light in the distance.

“Why has that one been left there?” I asked.

“That’s the grave of a native that a Catholic Brother in this district thought a great deal of. When the Brother heard the cemeteries were being cleaned, he made it quite clear that if that particular cross disappeared they’d just better watch out, that’s all! It seems they took the hint!”

Anton Kearei And for the last three weeks, I heard, some natives had been turning up to greet Thursday’s DC3 from Sohano. The natives had explained that they were waiting for Anton Kearei —a “big man” from Sohano, who, it was assumed, had something to do with the cult. Kearei, they said, was a native leader who now worked for the Administration as a kind of unofficial patrol officer. (Over) One solitary cross marks a grave in this native cemetery just outside of Kieta, Bougainville.

It was photographed in August. All the other crosses had been removed by natives as part of some Cargo Cult activity, so that their ancestors would thus be able to help them master the white man's technique.

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"The White Man Gets His Cargo For Nothing" >n the third Thursday, with 100 ives waiting at the airfield and . no Kearei, the Kiap went out ordered them to stop acting like >ags and to keep away from the trip. he welcoming committee never led up again, and most people ;ed that the Kiap had done the it thing, since the Cargo Cultists earlier spread the talk that Kiap wouldn’t do anything to i them because he was really in area as the secret emissary of rei. heard at Kieta a report that a ve gentleman had been buried e so that he could take the jrtunity of rising again on the d day. But he hadn’t got up, ough when they saw him again lad turned pure white, lat’s the story I heard —and irently it had happened a th previously, although nobody be Kieta area could tell me just re.

"Johnno Knows" lee Johnno, up the coast,” they . “He’s in the middle of it. He vs about the burial, and all rest of it at first hand.” d the coast a day or two later iw Johnno. (Johnno isn’t his e, but what do names matter?) l matter of fact, Johnno didn’t v anything. irtainly, about 20 of his boys had ! missing and there was some it was because of the cult. There been a meeting or two at night be bush, but so what? Johnno heard the report of the fellow had been buried alive, but he irstood it had happened not a th ago but a fortnight ago, and is up the coast somewhere; not i. Charlie, farther up, would v. ben I got to Charlie a couple of later he greeted me first, with, at’s all this about Cargo Cult i the other end? They tell me serious and we will all get our its cut”. on’t you know anything about [e? There’s some talk. Supposed ive buried a bloke up the coast other day but I don’t know e. It’s all down the Kieta end, p around the top. That chap ei is running the show, from i I hear.” i the top of Bougainville, Father knew something about Cargo and he also knew about Anton •ei, who had ioined a Catholic nary before the war, and had afterwards because he decided wasn’t suited to the vocation, it there was nothing happening ie top end exactly. There were just reports of things happening down at Kieta, like burials for instance.

“The natives up here are frustrated,” said Father Tom. “They get like this occasionally, but they have been mucked around a lot in the last few years. They are doing some thinking these days, but they are still ignorant and get things mixed up. Some of them want to know why they have to pay for the cargo.

No Real Unity “What they mean is they see us walk into the store and then walk out again with a box of something without any money having changed hands. We put it on the bill, but they don’t know that. They’ve had to pay cash across the counter.

There is something going on, but there is nothing organised, because there is little native unity on Bougainville. They are all bits and pieces.”

Did Father Tom know anything about a native being buried alive?

Yes—it had happened down the end recently, and he couldn’t understand why the Administration hadn’t investigated it.

So I asked the Administration about that.

“We certainly did investigate it,” they said. “The report is several months old now, and it came from a village in the north. We sent a man out. The chap they buried was dead at the time they buried him, so it’s the best thing they could have done!”

Yes, certainly there was Cargo Cult talk on Bougainville, they said.

They had been hearing about it for months, and had been reporting on it. but there was nothing really special happening that anyone could do much about. These things took their time but there was no cause for alarm. But things always needed watching in case anybody got too silly.

At an Administration office in Sohano I spoke to Anton Kearei.

Officially, he is a clerk. He speaks excellent English.

“The Administration once asked me if I had anything to do with these reports of some nonsense going on down the Kieta end,” said Kearei. “It’s all stupid thinking. I have nothing to do with that kind of talk, which is only being carried This is the pleasant little harbour that is Kieta's. Kieta was occupied by the Japanese during the war and the monument in the foreground is a war memorial. The small stone that can be seen in front of it is a memorial to a loyal luluai, Baros of Sirovi, who gave his life in January, 1943. He was beheaded by the Japanese for refusing, to the last, to give information about the whereabouts of Australian Coastwatchers hidden on Bougainville. 59 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Lopped Their Heads 'ing the Pacific War, added si. there had been an outbreak irgo Cult on Buka. But the lese had fixed that, ey brought the ringleaders over ;o Sohano and beheaded them.

Buka people haven’t forgotten on Kearei is an interesting lality. One way or another we i hear more of him. rlabaul a few days later a man tad heard I had just come from unville grabbed me by the arm xclaimed, “I heard they buried ive alive over there the other jVill they slit all our throats e other day!” I exclaimed. they have been burying s alive on Bougainville for is now—from one end of the to the other!” didn’t take me seriously. This just how ignorant some are. yn Hinina Kearei is a Buka, village of Lonahwn, inville and is probably aged mid-thirties. s married, with two children, 7, and Bruno. 2, and is em- . as a clerk with the P-NG istration at Sohano, Bougain- Ithough he says, “I don’t think The idea is to get iking hke a patrol officer ”

Guinea officially has no native whivi? rs ’ althou gh conditions hmS SOme n i lay be appointed hortly expected to be announced. but Kearei certainly does a certain amount of field liaison work for the Administration, contactmg and addressing native groups and generally, assisting European patrol officers in the advanced Buka I j n • .

Trained as Priest He has been doing this work since the beginning of 1959, and it is his second appointment with the Administration—his first being not long after the war. g nou long He originally trained for the priesthood. He began his education as a h°y in 1938 with the Chabai Catholic Mission, Bougainville and went to the Vunapope Sacred Heart mission near Rabaul in iqai With war that tear anH th£ h ToJvfS? occunation s£nt the n?xt fewve£s at the minion. y ’ “ 945 ' They were not allowed to move about much, but there was little or 0I^ C ® him or the 27 Vunapope^wa^^n^thi lll S ecaUse t ration n? d 2 - tl i e adrmmsa7 ° f , German Priests, A war’s end he went to a buThe n ° U^ainvUle ' ios« -ff er * t J le f °Uowmg year, ffis tri 6 iiiing thoUt havmg completed “t 1 decided 1 dldn t llke it,” he says. (Over) (earei —a leader of the Bukas. See below. 61 ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Need for News 'he native people need to be ” he says. “They read what they in the New Guinea newspapers, listen to the radio, but they t hear enough. Sometimes they and read things which they ;onfused or distorted. They have y wrong ideas.” larei, one imagines would like much to become a publicist to correct these wrong ideas, already has a “name” in Buka, ictivities there over the last few 5, between his two periods with Administration, have won him . followers and enemies. Untedly he has more followers enemies. was involved at one stage with organisation of a kind of unal native co-operative, which through and he was also said \ m the background of some le on Buka a couple of years vhen some villages refused to .axes to the Government.

Still Sensitive s matter was fixed but beof this and other reasons is still regarded by the Adtration as a sensitive area and ildom has been adopting a policy of hastening slowly. :a natives are shrewd and in- ;nt. Although the New Britain ; are roost often publicised as the shrewdest and most add (and thus being a potential !al problem) the Buka natives i many ways their equals and ie cases superiors and as Buka >, so thinks Bougainville iy Catholic priests and many ts on Bougainville make no to conceal their belief that ire not happy about the ine that Kea^ e L got with his r§S as V+- 1 ? d J' lla t they distrust (The attitude of the priests, er, seems to have mellowed rin?i^-cf oth^ rs w - h 0 insist dmimstration is taking too hi* ai L m £ erest in Kearei, and cThcvi because some senior in him taken a P ers onal iniously the Administration is many taKthatSSrt tes. » hal given him a seat on the Bougainwas also one of the native delegates who spoke to the Territories Min- Iftf r » ?£• Hasluck. recently about Tw Ui 5 eauvearei says ms view is that New SKioW 6 in the f ands of the Australian Government for many years yet, because it is not nearly for self-government, and won’t be for a long time.) The fact is that Anton Kearei is a man in transition.

Nobody—private or official—really knows what the future holds for him, and that—at the moment—includes Kearei himself.

The Cook Islands—with a population of 18,000—had £237,000 in 8,000 separate accounts in its Post Office Savings Bank at the end of last June. There are no trading banks in the Cooks. 63 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

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64 SEPTEMBER. 1980-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Wesley College

Paerata, N.Z.

A Boarding School for Boys, Forms 111 to VI.

ROLL: 160 TO 180 BOARDERS.

COURSES: Academic, General, Agricultural.

Boys are prepared for the following Examinations: School Certificate, University Entrance, Junior University Scholarship.

The College is set in beautiful surroundings, 28 miles south of Auckland, with a farm of 400 acres attached, providing a source of revenue and an excellent training ground for Agricultural students. The school is well-equippea, with modern classrooms, excellent hostel facilities, firstcass playing-fields. All staff are residential.

Fees. £73/6/8 per Term, plus "extras".

Write for Prospectus and Enrolment Forms to The Principal, Wesley College, P.O. Box 58, Pukekohe, New Zealand.

The Pacific Islands Society (Founded 1937) Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons interested in Islands affairs, are Invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social and cultural centre for those Interested in the Pacific Islands.

Regular meetings and social gatherings with lectures, are held at the Feminist Club Rooms, 7th Floor, 77 King St., Sydney, on the last Thursday of each month, at 8 p.m.

Address for correspondence:— THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box 2434, G.P.0., Sydney.

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Rabaul A.S.P. (N.G.) Ltd. j- ae Paul Hyman Madang Roy Macgregor Manus .... Edgell & Whiteley Ltd.

Honiara, 8.5.1. P. . . E. V. Lawson, Ltd.

Suva Williams & Gosling Ltd.

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Bsip Gets Going

ON A

[?] Vet Rice Project

From a Honiara Correspondent ecause somebody discovered the Nalimbu River, Guadall, is 25-ft above the level of lin two miles away, Guadal- I has a very good chance of dishing a successful wet rice JCt.

II project will use water directly rom the river, brought there brough a canal and a system ,tes. The channel is now being through two miles of thick e, which was cleared after great alty by a bulldozer and a team m. j rice project is being carried q Ilu farm, outside of Honiara, l is owned by K. Dalrymple Hay. tanager is Mr. Charlie Lawrie, is well known on New Britain he was with a timber concern, s is a case where private prise is working hand-in-hand h the BSIP Government, mple Hay has supplied the and the Government has supmost of the initiative and the ing. The Government has been i a “test area” to play with, e scheme is successful both 1 benefit. r ernment soil surveyor Dr. r Ballantyne is the man bethe scheme. He’s surveyed the and found that the Nalimbu was well above the level of ains at Ilu farm. He estimated at least 2,000 acres could be d at the beginning, and there robably a potential of at least ) acres.

All Enthusiasts Ballantyne, Field Officer John fimer, and Charlie Lawrie all combined in their enthus- ►ver the project, and they think hree to five years will prove belief that wet rice can be in the Solomons economically.

They think they may be able to plant rice just before the beginning of the wet, take advantage of the wet for the growing period, and reap it in the dry—thus making full use of mechanisation to cut labour costs.

Their first plantings they hope to begin by November, to take advantage of the first wet.

Charlie Lawrie says he hopes to import a number of varieties to begin with; and the Agricultural Department will conduct its own experiments.

Simple System In late August, work was just about to start on the actual excavation of the channel, in a 9,000-feet line from the river.

The area each side of the channel had already been cleared, and the channel itself had been painstakingly pegged out and all the levels taken. The deepest cut in the channel (which will be about 4 ft wide) will be 9 ft 6 in., but in some spots the ground will have to be built up a few inches.

A very simple system of gates will control the flow, according to the planners. The channel will run directly alongside the field.

Meanwhile. Guadalcanal is showing a great interest in the scheme which, with its cheap water, seems to be off to a good start.

Rotonga Tops The Poll

engers who made this year’s cruise in the Norwegian liner Bergensfjord, for the year in succession voted mga as the most memorable njoyable port of call of the r e round-the-world cruise. isfiord is the only cruise liner g calls at this island but mga is endeavouring to induce liners to call.

Along this line, cleared through thick Guadalcanal jungle with the aid of a bulldozer and a team of axemen, a canal is being excavated which will tap river water for a rice-growing experiment. 65 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER. 1960

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He Collects Pacific Languages ’ Pacific 'peoples, say most )rities, came down into the c from Asia and travelled east, ■dahl’s theory that the Polyns migrated west from South ica is not popular. There is I helming evidence in support 5 theory of eastern migration, igh it hasn’t been fully proved NTY of experts are still on ie job, tackling the question om various directions. Dr. A.

I, reader in Oceanic linguistics ssf#*r=i out to get a full record of all the Melanesian languages spoken. w °? 15t ami *l® , carries a standard manage? tfU STM? new W materfai eS ‘small gSSf and canoes are more familiar forms of trave! to him than ships and airn 4.1 Recently Dr. Capell has been working in the British Solomons and he took some time off on his way back to Sydney in August to collect some material around the Kieta area of Bougainville, P-NG.

In the Solomons he found three languages quite distinct and separate and not related to each other—and there is a fourth there that is already known.

When Dr. Capell gathers all his material he will align it alongside that already gathered or still being gathered by others in different parte of the Pacific.

But he expects his work may take him a few more years yet.

THE PHOTOS SHOW. Dr. Capell, with his portable tape recorder, sets off from the "Tulagi" in August to gather some more material for his studies. Lower picture shows him interviewing a native informant. He first checks a word list, and then gets the informant to read a passage into the recorder. 67 FIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

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How a Fiji Sugar Mill Got into Operation From J. P. Shortall, “PIM” Staff Correspondent in Fiji, who was an observer on the spot in Vanua Levu.

I watched the Labasa sugar mill at work at the end of August, watched it with a great deal of interest, for while crushing was going n here, pro-Patel agitators were concentrating their attention on the ’inch larger community of cane-growers on Fiji’s main island of T iti Levu, with the result that at the end of August the three mills here (Lautoka, Ba and Penang) were idle. (See news sections).

UT the mill was not idle here on Vanua Levu. It began operations on August 11, and by end of the month had an ndant supply of cane in sight I apparently would continue shing for the remainder of the son (until late January). üble certainly had been expected mid-August, but nothing had pened and more and more ners began cane-cutting. Why this? he fact is that while it has not i easy, it has certainly been able to arrange a breakaway on lua Levu, because the sugar munity here is isolated from Patel and his cohorts at Nadi Lautoka. It is more difficult Viti Levu where the sugar areas )in one another, and where there thousands of farmers along the miles of coastal strip from itoka to Penang. large proportion of these lers would no doubt begin cutif given a free choice. They not allowed a free choice—they in terror of those of their hbours who are under the ct influence of Mr. Patel, le CSR company probably wishes - the Fiji sugar industry was tered over more islands! was clear that even in the asa mill district, in the first weeks of operations, it was thing for a farmer to declare wish to cut his cane, and ;her thing for him to pluck up necessary courage to actually b cutting, while neighbours id about were not prepared to Farmers 7 Fear of Fires ie Labasa mill started up after ) farmers—about two-thirds of farmers in the district>-had sated to the CSR district super- 's that they were ready to cut. in the first few days after the started up there were probably than 100 men actually cutting, i very few farms. 3r was the cutting on a racial s. Of the 60 Fijian cane farms, cane was being cut on only one in the first week. The Fijian farmers do not have a separate union on this island.

All of which seemed to indicate a definite fear of victimisation, even on this island. That fear could probably be magnified several times on Viti Levu where union pressure and exhortation against cutting are much greater. The fear was not so much of violence—at least on Vanua Levu —but that the farmer’s cane, or his house, might be set on fire, perhaps not this year, but next year or at some later date.

There is nothing easier than to set a cane-field alight without fear of detection—a candle set to burn down and start the blaze an hour after the culprit has vanished; or a mongoose soaked in petrol and released with its tail afire to streak off through the cane-field setting acres alight within minutes.

Even in good times these things happen through feuds or jealousy.

But, in such times, priority is usually given by the millers to the acceptance of this cane, which must be crushed within a week or so of fire going through it. In normal times there is, in fact, a certain amount of deliberate firing, in the hope of gaining such a crushing priority from the millers.

Fighting With Their Tongues In the days following the commencement of crushing at Labasa (Thursday, August 11) there was little outward sign of any tension.

There were no public meetings in Labasa. Union representatives opposed to cutting travelled about and held small country meetings, presenting arguments as to why the “strike” should continue.

Union representatives in favour of cutting held similar meetings, and a CSR district supervisor also held meetings.

All of these were on private properties and usually in the open.

Police patrols drove unobtrusively through the countryside so unobtrusively in fact that in many miles of travelling through the sugar areas in the days following the mill opening, I saw the patrols on only two or three occasions.

Still, they were there; and if any farmer had any fears or wanted to report anything he had only to flag down the police Land-Rover. The police in fact had—and have—a dusty, tiring job, lightened perhaps by the beautiful scenery of this Vanua Levu countryside.

A curious feature of the early cutting was that many of the men engaged in the cutting gangs were farmers who were not prepared “yet” to allow their own cane to be Mr. Girwar Prasad, president of the Vanua Levu Farmers' Union, which in August was still opposed to cane cutting. He's a country storekeeper.

The CSR mill at Labasa stokes up the morning that the crushing commenced. The farmers had begun cane cutting. 69 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

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70 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHII

IFYOOIM YOOUIOtt goimn TiffM w* JPA/S s Z/yooV«°** the d/ff ere/,ce These men simply said that i 7 would wait for the majority to de to cut, before they would cut r own cane. nother feature of the first few s was that the union in favour cutting was arranging for tiers from distant areas to be ight in to Labasa to actually the mill operating, and to sfy themselves that the propada by those opposed to cutting untrue.

Millworkers' Grim Outlook axmers in distant areas were g told that the mill was not •ating at all, or that little if cane was coming in. In fact, e was a steady and uninterrupted of cane which kept the mill hing at the rate of at least 50 per hour, right from the start August 11. The mill can handle it 75 tons an hours at full sure.

About 12,600 acres are under cane in the Labasa area this year, and about 2,400 farmers are involved.

But the people who are hit hardest by the hold-up, in this district, as elsewhere, are the millworkers.

One good effect of the strike—if it could be so described—is that farmers this year are growing many food crops which they always could have grown, but did not.

The millworkers, however, in the main, have no land for such subsistence gardening. Many of them here, even in early August, were suffering real hardship; and in Viti Levu it seems certain that these people, who are not members of the striking (or growers’) unions, will require assistance from some quarter before long.

Although there were signs late in August that almost all the Labasa farmers would decide to cut their cane in the weeks ahead, the strongest opposition, in August, was coming from the CSR tenant farmers, probably because they are generally better off than other farmers. They occupy land at nominal rents. They can better afford to remain idle.

Incidentally, the manager of the CSR mill at Labasa, Mr. A. S.

Hermes, has a very close link with New Guinea. He was a member of that gallant little RAAF Wirraway unit which was destroyed when attempting to defend Rabaul from Japanese invasion in 1942, and he was taken prisoner there.

Spencer Weaver’s new Hotel Tahiti, a cottage-type hotel between Papeete and the new airport, is now in full operation, though work on the central building is still not completed. [?]abasa in August, a police patrol has a roadside talk with the cane-cutters. Police were always on hand—but unobtrusively—in the days that followed the opening of the mill. [?]ijay Singh, MIC, president of the Labasa Sangh—the farmers' union which decided [?] cane - He ' s a lawyer in partnership with Mr. H. B. Gibson. 71

Cif I C Islands Monthly— September, 1960

EXPORTERS . . . Catering to the South Pacific C. SULLIVAN (EXPORT) PTY. LTD. 66 Pitt Street, Sydney (Corner of O’Connell and Pitt Streets) Telephone: 8L5071 (6 lines). Telegrams & Cables: CHASULL, Sydney.

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Not Planned as Nations Pacific Territories Just Happened s most people know, the colonion of the South Pacific Islands Europeans was wholly unplanned, uitous, haphazard. 3NCE, the present-day administrative and political problems which now are roosting in and md the Islands, to the frequent arrassment of the “South Pacific ’ —Britain, France, USA, Aus- :a , New Zealand and The lerlands >r example, there is the clamour it the future of New Guinea, ticians. and so-called experts of dus kinds visit the Territory, and l talk portentously about “our ciousness of this emerging onalism”. What nonsense!

"Political Accidents" iw —if any—of these people ever ; pointed to the historical fact this line of archipelagoes never planned by nature or by man I self-governing nation, nor to ethnological fact that it con- -5 a wide variety of Melanesian II groups, speaking no less than separate languages. pua and New Guinea came toer as an administrative unit bee of a series of political ients, caused mostly by trade ries and European wars, is difficult enough to make a ?d nation out of a one-language, illy united people like the oans—it is far more difficult an area like Papua and New lea, where there is little comity of interest. lese reflections are induced by a ing of a valuable new book, lin in the Pacific Islands, just Dieted after many years of re- ;h by Professor W. P, Morrell, he University of Otago, New md.

Tells How and Why e author’s purpose was to show and why Britain became intd in Pacific Islands responsies; and, in doing that, he, of ;e, examined the earliest records luropean penetration of these tnerable archipelagoes—as he ■ibes it, an “intrusion that was outcome of the overflowing pes of European civilisation”, us we get from him not only ;count of how Britain came into South Seas, but also an exdinarily useful record covering irrival. activities and designs of ce, United States, and Ger- 7. ere now are a score of Indeent Colonies, Territories, Prorates, etc., in the Pacific, all sll in g with administrative [ ems, and none of them really planned in the beginning for nationhood. This book shows how most of them were created by such things as missionary enterprises, thrusting traders, and war settlements, and it explains all kinds of anomalies.

These anomalies, for example: • Why should the Southern and Central Solomon Islands be administered on a shoestring by distant Britain, while the northern Solomons are included with New Guinea to enjoy Australia’s annual gift of £l5 million per annum? • Why should the Samoan archipelago—all one people and one language—be split in two, one administered from Washington and one now attaining independence under the care of New Zealand? • Why should the large, rich, desirable archipelago of the New Hebrides languish as a “Condominium”, simply because neither Britain nor France will surrender to the other its tenuous, 50-yearsold claim to these islands? • Why should all the problems and headaches of governing modern Fiji remain with Britain, while the whole of the Colony’s economy is owned by Australia, which does not contribute one penny piece to the Colony’s tightly-drawn budget?

Britain, France, Australia, and the Netherlands especially are now faced with some first-class administrative problems among the Territories they hold in the South Pacific. Professor Morrell’s new book does not supply any solutions; but his research has been carried out so thoroughly, and his records presented so clearly, that his carefully documented and indexed Britain In the Pacific Islands becomes a “must” for all those serious people who, today, are trying to arrange the political and economic future of this growing and clamorous Island world. —RWR. (BRITAIN IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS.

Published by Oxford University Press, Melbourne. Australian price, 89/3.) 73 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1960

stands out for service in the Islands Throughout the islands you’ll find Bank of New Zealand branches and agencies giving a complete commercial and personal banking service. The 8.N.Z., the Dominion’s Leading Bank, has been serving the Islands since 1876.

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UTM PA Am Lin A Scheduled U.S. Certificated Air Line Fly with the Dollar Flag • Pioneer in Pacific Luxury Travel 9sS % 3 * f Rewa Rice Results Not So Bright From a Staff Correspondent Le to a combination of circumces the new CSR rice mill at sori, Fiji, processed only 80 tons ce up to the end of harvesting uly. There had been hopes of iling perhaps 3,000 tons.

ASONS given for the poor remit were resistance by the farmers to a change-over from r cane to rice following the ire of the CSR cane mill last imber, and consequent late ting; less acreage than had hoped; a severe nitrogen iency due to the plowing in of and rotten trash; a drought a period of six weeks in uary-March when rain was needed; and hoarding of paddy by the farmers due to the uniin outlook, plus higher con- )tion due to a poor rice harvest ie district in the 1958-59 season, e grower-resistance to planting partly the result of a hope another cane milling company h had been formed would find inance to get itself established, did not happen. The rice crop Id have been in the ground by November. Most of it was not ;ed until February.

March 18 the Commissioner ral issued a statement through Public Relations Office which inter alia “over 8,000 acres of nad been planted” and forecast Dd harvest.

Less Than Announced August the Department of ;ulture admitted to PIM that ict only 5,536 acres had been ed in all. The normal rice ing in the district is about acres and there has been : 10,000 acres under cane. So about 2,500 acres of cane land converted to rice growing this s manager of the CSR rice diary, Rewa Rice Limited, said agust that those farmers who decided to change over to rice fear had co-operated fully with advice given them by the any and the Department of ulture. The possibility of a e nitrogen deficiency of the esulting from plowing in cane lowever been overlooked. This ency should be less next n, but fertilisers would be red. 3 average yield per acre was ibly well below the 16 cwt. ted, though it varied widely farm to farm.

Ere seemed to be no immediate s of knowing just how much ¥ was actually produced this n. Some of the crop had L on gone t° one or other of 20-odd small Indian-owned mills in the district, and some of these were known to be paying £35 per ton for paddy—that is, £5 in excess of the CSR price. It was also likely that a lot of unmilled paddy was being held by the farmers, and some of this might be brought out next season.

Of the 80 tons actually milled by the CSR, about 50 tons came from a group of Fijian farmers in the Tailevu Province who had been urged to grow rice by Ratu George Cakobau (Roko Tui Tailevu). These Fijians were not previously growing sugar cane. Next season they intend expanding their rice acreage.

According to a circular issued by the CSR prior to the establishment of the rice mill last year, the company would consider closing down the new mill if the supply did not reach 2,000 tons in 1961.

The mill manager said in August that there were hopes that a very much better result would be achieved in the coming season as there was no reason why planting should not take place at the right time this year. It was also considered that many more farmers would change over to rice.

Apart from rice, there were signs that the farmers were also changing over to other crops. 75 3 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Wood-Carvers of Bougainville

Genu May Be The Last

Of His Kind

By Brett Hilder

Examples of primitive South Pacific art are scattered all over the world m famous museums and private collections , and in a few years that is where Pacific Islands dwellers will have to go to see Item The art of sculpture in all islands is dying out. * 1 ,ie THE wooden figures of Buka boys and meris from the village of Rorovana are about the only sculpture from Bougainville that one ever sees. This can hardly be called local native art, for the Rorovana people settled in the district only about two generations ago.

They came from Fauro island in the Shortlands, and a few generations before that, from Mono or Treasury Island. I suspect that they came originally from Roviana lagoon on New Georgia, the centre for a fierce race of people who built large war-canoes and raided all the surrounding islands of the Western Solomons, just as the Vikings did in Western Europe.

This was also a centre of sculpture in ebony, mainly of ancestral figures such as those that graced the prow of each war-canoe. The ebony was inlaid with mother-of-pearl, and as the natives are as black as ebony,, the figures can look very realistic The legends of the Shortlands tell us that about 1840 the islands of Alu and Fauro were invaded by Poreisi, second son of Telekana, chief of Mono. The present land tenure derives from grants made by Poreisi.

The invasion of the coastal strip of Bougainville just north of Kieta occurred about 1900, and w asmounted from Fauro Island. The invaders called their new home Rorovana, possibly with some reference to their ancestral Roviana.

One version of the story of this last invasion is that the Fauro warriors were invited to the area to help fight the hill-men who were raiding the coastal strip, and that after the ensuing war, the Fauro men attacked their allies and occupied the land themselves.

Another version is that the invasion was in revenge for the killing of a white trader.

Copied the House Posts The present leading wood-carver of Rorovana is a man of 50 or 60, named Genu. He once told me that his father, Mauki, was born on Fauro, but he now says that he was born at Rorovana, although this would not accord with the date of the invasion.

Genu tells me also that the only old carving he knew was on the posts of the open war-house built at Rorovana, from whence the warriors were sent to battle.

These posts had a man’s head carved at the top where they supported the roof. The war-house had no walls. Genu was first inspired to carve similar heads on posts, and he later extended the carving to include the body. The original posts of the war-house were taken by the Germans, who sawed off the heads and took them away in a ship. They might be still in some collection in Europe. There are no speciments of old Rorovana carving in the district today.

There were several wood-carvers amongst the Rorovana about the 1930’5, but Genu is now the only survivor. There are two yolmger men, Auwuko and Matua, aged about Left, are three figures by Genu. The one on the right, wearing a small string apron, is of polished hardwood and both older and better than the later examples.

Some examples of the work of Genu of Bougainville. At top is one of Genu's rare imaginative pieces. It represents a story of a man and a woman who intended to kill a snake as it came down a tree-trunk.

At the critical moment the woman gets scared and wants to run away, while the man stands his ground. The base of the carving is supported by what look like two sets of police-boys' legs.

The club carried by the man is called a "bakau." The story is not that of Adam and Eve (who are referred to as Matam and Eva). The snake appears to be a python or a treesnake. 77 1 C INLANDS M O Nif 6tt—SE P T E M B E 1r 7t ,' 1960

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W WHBhhnß coioc^ EALJDE m m GIDCKENGAS'; m Representatives: Robert Blau (Australia) Pty. Ltd., Box 4711, G. P. O. Sydney^ ho are disciples of Genu, and do similar carving, s style of the carved figures is n in the photograph of the specimens of Genu’s work, eyes, teeth, belts and arm- -3 are cut in and painted white, n the older style these items I have been inset with nautilus coiffure and the bases are red with red powder, which off, and the bodies are painted to resemble the local skin r. The wood used now is said ! Tollis—a light wood of the r of pine. The old figures were lished ebony, or of other hardstained black by immersion angrove swamps.

Built-in Skirts * figures are generally erect feet apart, and are sometimes i by the addition of a child d by a woman, or standing in of a man. Most of them are but not phallic. ;y are often given a small of cloth or grass when on in European houses, and some ;m now have a similar covering i in the wood. : heads and faces of the figures little difference between males miales, so their nudity is really i to identification, se little wooden figures have erage height of 18 inches, none less than a foot and none three feet. They might be black dolls, though they are too n pose to be thought cuddle- They look more realistic when ?ed in a row, or in a group, tiey strike a distinctive note in ection of native art. iu tells me that he doesn’t use models for his carving, as SSSJSSKSSS? S°* The fi^ure l do n °t approximate human proportions of a l e to ° shol \ for the torso, and the torso too short ency b * f f2 m T3 the - older ancestral in gl wblpwio e^ Ro T iana war " cana s s * “ S f th f Jl ea( i *2 nearly as bl S RnLvln? 6 ™° d T* • f The Rorovana people are just as vmSr? c S *55? • of v. l the uP°V ga , in " villeans, indeed this blue-black skin colour extends to Choiseul and New Georgia in the Solomons. All these black people have finer features than most Melanesians, suggesting aWl th the Ethiopians rather Genu s parents were both of Jj9. r ° 1S only brother was Kikila. Genu married Akokani and they have two sons, both of whom are now married with children but with no interest in wood-casing Genu has lived most of his lifp as a Kanaka, equivalent to a ye£ man farmer in England. His only period in European employment was in the early 1930’s when he was a house-boy to General Wisdom, then the Administrator of New Guinea with his home in Rabaul. Genu has never worked on plantations nor has he served in the Police as has offpn been suggested He is now, for a native, an old man, a bit temperamental, and he finds the younger generation disinterested in the traditional lore and art of the tribe. Wood-carving mav disappear from Bougainville when he dies.

Profile of Genu, by Brett Hilder. 79 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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September, 19 6 0 -Pacific Islands Month

He Yachtsman

DERICK FAWCETT - KAY is a ring yachtsman who filtered into Western Solomons in the yacht about 10 years ago. After a few he was persuaded by Michael Jtti, of Vella Lavella, to exchange for an ugly scow named “Loma”. the charm of this vessel and her s had worn off, Fred sold her to Palmer as a work-horse, and set off another yacht to live aboard while ced around the islands, labaul he found the yacht “Kathup for sale and finally bought her Chinese owners. “Kathleen” was a like “Quest”, but larger, and was lown in Australia after her voyage the world about 1950. new owner returned to his former loat in the Western and Central ns, and has renamed her “Mort- Fred recently spent three months Santa Cruz group shooting crocoith Nich Winter on Nono, and now ; taken up two small plantations unda on New Georgia. One of these dar and the other is the nearby of Banga. hails from Victoria, where he was i business. He spent several years win after the war, in various types imercial activity, but when the ’ arrived in Darwin and was put sale, Fred bought her and set sail w Guinea, leaving all his cares Although he looks like a poet, i fiercely independent soul who is ’ to classify. He likes drifting but objects to being pushed around, e he will now settle down happily ding up his groves of coconuts,— HILDER.

Pacific Islands Monthly

Magazine Section

Tropicalities "Do You Know Where The Solomons Are?"

HONIARA businessman A. c.

Blair would like to see that phrase used as a tourist slogan for the British Solomon Islands Protectorate. He would like to see it writ large on tourist publicity overseas. particularly in Australia and New Zealand.

Mr. Blair, an Australian who is a member of the BSIP Advisory Council and vice-chairman of the Honiara Town Council, is merely one man who thinks that the BSIP has a first-class tourist potential, and who is hoping for big things from the projected Fiji Airways link between Fiji and Honiara, and from the Trans Australia Airlines takeover of the NG-Solomons service in September.

“We have a lot to offer here,” he says. “The war history alone in the Guadalcanal-Savo Island area would bring people in. And Honiara is a very pretty town, and growing.

“But when you talk about the Solomons outside, they haven’t any idea where it is. I have had so much experience of that in Australia, that whenever I am there I make sure I carry a small map in my pocket —and when the question comes up I whip it out and show them where the Solomons are!”’

Another Honiara businessman, Mr.

Alvin Blum, plans to run a tourist bus around the war-time sites that can be seen by road, including, presumably, some of the wrecks piled up in view along the Guadalcanal coast. However, these wrecks are fast disappearing as a Japanese salvage team continues to make headway in that area, and there is a good possibility of there being nothing left to see. Some Honiara people, as a matter of fact, would like at least one wreck left there as a kind of memorial of the war, as well as tourist bait.

And, of course, there is plenty of hidden history left near Honiara — especially in the 20 miles of sea that separates Honiara from Savo Island which can always be clearly seen from the mainland.

One of the big sea battles of the war was fought there in August, 1942, and in 60 fathoms in what is now known as Ironbottom Sound, there rest the Australian cruiser Canberra, together with the US cruisers Vincennes . Quincey and Astoria.

Many members of their crews no doubt still lie down there with them.

War history or not, Honiara and places like Gizo can more than hold their own for scenery and general interest, and there is no reason why the Solomons can’t be one of the big tourist areas of the future.—Sl.

P/VTs First Car Engine Would Not Lie Down THE first motor-car into Port Moresby was second-hand, and arrived in 1915. Its owner was very proud of it; but when other cars arrived in 1916-17, he decided it was too shabby, and sold it to a merchant, who had it converted into a delivery truck.

The wooden body, made by a local carpenter, fell to pieces in 1919, and the car went to tough transport work outside the town.

In 1923, the chassis collapsed; but the motor still was good, and was installed in a launch. It failed the launch-owner at a critical time, and he was nearly drowned; so he sold the machine to a sawmiller, who installed it in a shed, to drive something or other. It was “unreliable”, so the sawmiller sold it to a planter.

It did some work there, and then it was bought by “an engineering experimentalist”.

Finally, after some years of rest and neglect, it was taken over by an ambitious prospector; and in December, 1937 (reported the PIM of that date) it was merrily pumping water from a creek in a remote corner of Papua.

The Plastic Palms of a Restaurant to Remember Following last month’s Tropicality about the proposed Polynesian restaurant (The Beachcomber) in London, we have now had an onthe spot report from Alan Fitzgerald, who has actually been there: FROM the moment you step between the Totem Poles at The Beachcomber entrance you walk into another world, according to the Public Relations Officer —a tropical island paradise of over 50 tons of heavy-duty, reinforced plaster.

Dazzled by sufficient bamboo to stretch from London to Brighton, 81 1F 1 C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

and bewildered perhaps by the sight of rare Nile crocodiles (brought at “great expense”) you step gingerly over 25 miles of cable and wire, gazing all the time at Terrapins from the Everglades of Florida, and multi-coloured shells from “the four corners of the Pacific”.

Thus May Fair Hotel —the place where a white man’s burden is more likely to be his surtax —announces its £145,000 pastiche of the “lush, heady atmosphere, informality, romance and magic of the South Seas”, which it claims to be the first Polynesian Restaurant in Europe.

Should you by any chance be nostalgic for the old Polynesian triangle, the sound of a friendly Macaw “nodding his greeting” as you make your way to the Castaway’s Corner ought to overwhelm you.

The most philistine of us should be moved to shed a tear over the 40,000 flame-proof plastic leaves and tropical flowers, pondering all the while on the stringent London County Council fire regulations which caused much of this Pacific to be manufactured, from corner to corner, from Cinemoid, a Celanese plastic.

At the Aloha Bar, where the management “extend the traditional greeting of the islands” (everybody duck!) you may sample a Missionary’s’ Downfall, while keeping a friendly, Christian eye on the “native girls wearing tradtiional Muu Muus”, running bare-foot through the Chicken Po Lo Kai and Kahanamoka Salad.

Take your time to consider the panorama of the far-off plastic islands . . . the palate-pleasing Chinese dishes . . . the Angel fish from the Amazon . . . the alligatorfilled lagoons . . . the 2,000 Honolulu utensils made by the best craftsmen in the 50th State of the Union . . . the seashells, tropical palms, fishermen’s net —consider all these things, but for God’s sake try and forget those NILE crocodiles.

CROSSQUIZ (For Solution see page 101) ACROSS I. —Around what commodity is the whole financial structure of the island of Nauru built? 7. —What stone is highly valued for cameo-cutting? 8. —Who was the author of "The Last of the Mohicans"? 9. —Which British air ace has since the war become prominent for his unceasing philanthropic work? 10. —Borodin composed an opera about this Pripee? 11. —ln which region did the. explorers • Franklin and Amundsen lose their lives? 12.—What- title has been borne by 13, different popes over the centuries? 17.^—Who created the character, Freddy Eynsford Hill? 21. —What Is the term for a Chinese temple of worship? 22. —" .... is love"? 23. —What emblems were used, by the Houses.of York and Lancaster? : 24. —The waters of Whi£h ' river have been harnessed to supply electric power to almost the whole 6f Eire? —DO W N 1. —Who composed ,"La Boheme"?, 2. —What is the largest fresh water lake on the globe? 3. —Which Greek hero had to perform "12 labours"? 4. —What js the term for transference of thought from one person to another? 5. —Which Greek dramatist of the sth century BC wrote the tragedy “Oedipus Rex"? 6. —What is the term for a victory gained at too great a cost? 13. —Of which country is Stockholm the capital? 14. —What is the title of an officer ranking between a captain and a lieutenant-colonel? 5 15.—T0 whom has been ascribed the first five Old Testament books? 16. —What have Austra'ia and England been fighting for since the famous In Memoriam notice of 1882? 18. —Which golfer won the British Open Championship in 1953° 19. —Whom did Damon Runyon team with "Dolls"? 20. —Who, in company with a swan, was frequently the subject of ancient art?

Do You Remember ?

In the European summer ai early autumn of 1940, German threw 1,000-plane raids again Britain, and the RAF went up knock them out of the sky. T: daily score of RAF triumphs w the nearest thing we had to Ti cricket that year , and as Septeml lengthened fear of a Nazi invasii of Britain faded —at least for th year. Here are some other extraa from “PIM” of September, 1940: In the Pacific, while “war” still mes “Europe”, there were fateful events the French Colonies which had been « off from the homeland by the events?

June. By September, and led by M. He: Sautot, who had been French Residi Commissioner in the New Hebrides, tt had all rid themselves of pro-Vic elements and had declared for Free Frai and General de Gaulle. (The plebec held in Tahiti and French Polynesia : suited in 18 votes for Petain’s governme and an overwhelming 5,564 for de Gaull * * * Editorialised “PIM”: “It is becoming t parent that the whole of the Brit; Empire east of Suez—India, Ceylt Malaya, Burma, Australia, New Zealai South and East Africa and the Pac: Islands—are going to be organised Great Britain into a tremendous v machine that will attack Italy and Gi many through the Middle East a Northern Africa.” Wishful thinking p haps; but the interesting thing is ti then Britain had an Empire, and call it such. If a backs-to-the-wall call w out today who would be in it? Austral New Zealand and, of course, the Pae; Islands. * * * Pan American Airways’ giant Boe; Clipper flying-boat was making regui fortnightly flights across the Pacific—£ Francisco, Honolulu? Canton Is., Noun and Auckland—carrying passengers, ms and freight. It was “a development great historic interest”. * * * There might have been a war for h the world, but things went on norma elsewhere. Australian tourists actua cruised to Tahiti in the Matson lii “Monterey” where they were met by “Mariposa”, cruising with Amerio tourists from San Francisco. The tour) then changed ships, returned to their spective homes, leaving Tahiti a v 1 welcome 15,000 dollars better off. * * * Many were the ways in which plant) and other coconut experts in the Soi Seas tried to get the copra industry—jr about down-and-out because there was European demand and no ships to mi it, anyway—onto its feet. Mr. G.

Loudon of Papua came up with the i«i of getting a copra factory-ship that woe service the territories of the SW Paa and at the same time produce oil s other by-products. It was pointed that factory ships attached to whali fleets did precisely this. * * * News had been received from Tal, that proved that the age of chivalryhonour—was not dead. Two local Freni men fought a duel, not over a fair lao reputation but because one had called * other a Fifth Columnist. After the latf had been punctured twice in the a?j honour was considered satisfied. 82 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHD

Life Would Hove Been Tough Without Drums And Tins DOUGLAS ASKEW, of Madang, TNG, who has spent a Lifetime in the Southwest Pacific, Says . . .

Na wanaim tok-tok long dispela bigpela drum belong kerosene.

Ol man e savee im e gutpela—ol man e laikim tumus taru. Im e )kim planty gutpela someting longim. Or ait!

Na mipela laik toklong gutpela long taim before —gutpela taim taru!

Taim ol kerosene more bensin im e come up long bokis bilong . Bokis im e got liklik tin e stap long im. Nau dispela tin e tpela more long ol Masta more boi —im a gutpela tumus taru.

Nau yupela harim tok belong liklik tin —olgedder harim!

AT burst of Pidgin was brought >n after reading an article in jraise of the übiquitous 44n drum (July PIM ). But peryou would rather have it in ish, anyway. e writer of the article remarked maybe some of us in the Terricould recollect other uses to i the drums were put. e of the most useful that comes ind was their adaptability in ing culverts —across main roads over the Territory—and on ations. I think you would still them filling that purpose not r out of Lae, for instance, along Tadzab Road, and no doubt in r other places. m how about their use as lining veils? And also for latrines? le way from Darwin to Borneo! yarding the latter I have had rather painful memories eir use as such by the RAAF ;ne Section in the Darwin Area rly 1943. The idea was good— e row of drums lined up with ppropriate opening and every ing the Hygiene bloke would r some Diesoline in, followed piece of lighted paper.

The Hot Seat! j only catch in this was a hot seat for the unwary early rs —and sometimes, to the ernation of the operator, a flown” owing to too liberal use el! ay thousand drums have also utilised as containers for exig small scrap metal.

I how about pontoons and 1 Early in the war, we un- -1 a Liberty ship off Drysdale i, in the far Nor’-West. Her was 2,000 drums of highe fuel, plus a big load of aerial 3. With the Nips just across on : —and very hostile—it was a >ot at that time, and the Yanks lot waste any time hanging fl! the drums were heaved over the side to drift ashore—tide willing—and maybe two-thirds of them did reach the beach. But we got all the bombs ashore on large rafts made from empty 44-gallon drums, plus several big trucks.

However, useful as they were— and still are—l still think we all derived more personal benefit from the pre-war. humble. 4-gallon tin.

We must have used millions of them throughout the Islands in those days.

Two 4-gallon tins in a nicely-planed case, or 8 1-gallon tins in the same size case, either Vacuum or Shell, and look what we did with them.

Anything, Just Anything First, the cases were carefully opened and the tins taken out.

Then one could join the cases together in rows, either horizontally or vertically, and you had a set of cupboards, or book cases, or store shelves—in fact with a bit of ingenuity one could make all kinds of household fittings.

I even floored a native-material house once with case timber. A lot of work, but I “had the wood” on my neighbours with their old Limbom floors!

The tins had many uses. With the top end cut out and a fencingwire handle they served as buckets, boilers for clothes, and for cooking.

One removed the laundry and then put in the corned beef or leg of mutton.

With one side removed lengthwise, and the edges rolled, they made good wash-up dishes and wash-basins.

And how about the 1-gallon tins?

With the side cut out they made excellent bread tins—and I am sure that many old Time Befores will recall using them as such.

Gripes! I nearly forgot one other important service they rendered.

Cut right open, and carefully flattened out. one could roof a building, and make walls also.

And one of the unique ideas I saw put to use was out in the Kimberleys, on the Ord River where the Army had a roving patrol unit early in the war, ostensibly looking around for Jap spies, etc.

These coves had an over-abundance of 50-lb tins of Army biscuits, so they built a four-walled barracks with the full tins, with spaces for windows and doors, and then roofed it with flattened tins. It was quite impressive, out there in the mulga.

God knows how many biscuits it contained!

Finally—getting away from drums and tins— let us not forget two other very important things which made our rehabilitation of the Territory so much easier after the war ended, when we all had to start off again from “tors”. These were our old trusty friend the “Mighty Jeep”, and Marsden Matting. The latter had about as many uses as the 44-gallon drums.

He's A Man Of Many Parts Mr. Howard Farnsworth is seen here aboard the “Tulagi” at Norfolk Island in late July watching a sling go over the side into a waiting boat. At this moment he happens to be engrossed in his job of lighterage manager for Norfolk, but at other moments he can be found somewhere about fulfilling one or other of the post’s of Police Officer, Prosecutor, Sheriff, Bailiff, Customs Officer, Deputy Registrar of Motor Vehicles, Inspector of Boarding Houses and of Food Sales, Inspector of Stock, and a few others. Mr.

Farnsworth has been Norfolk’s man of many parts for three years. As a British policeman in the Midlands, he visited Australia for a holiday in 1951, liked it so much that he decided to stay. He was with the Commonwealth Investigation Service in Canberra for eight years until he went to Norfolk on secondment. He and his wife both like the island life. 83 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER. 1960

How Tahiti Became French A Sectarian War Destroyed Pomare’s Throne Gathered From Old Records By R. W. ROBSON Never had Tahiti appeared more beautiful than on that morning of August 28, 1838, when the French 20-gun frigate "Venus", expertly handled, moved slowly to an anchorage in the sheltered lagoon opposite Papeete town.

THE brilliant sunshine emphasised the colours of the tropical verdure around the little town. The bare mountains behind stood out sharply against the blue sky.

Tahitians, English and French gathered lazily along the waterfront, to stare at the newcomer. Teams of youths and excited girls manned the canoes, to row out and, in traditional fashion, welcome the visitors with Leis and sweet-smelling garlands of tiare.

But there was no cordiality on the warship. Under orders from the snarling commander Commodore Du Petit-Thouars, the sailors reluctantly drove off the vivacious vahines, while a ship’s boat was sent ashore.

The officer in the boat sought and found a Belgian merchant, M.

Moerenhout, and took him aboard.

Within the hour a French naval man, in full uniform, was rowed ashore and. guided by Moerenhout and supported by an armed party, he marched to the impressive residence of Queen Pomare IV.

There, he handed over a formal document, bristling with seals..

The Queen was abed. Only a few hours before, she had given birth to a son. She, and her associates, had only a fragmentary knowledge of French —she had been educated by the Englishmen of the London Missionary Society, who tried consistently to shape her habits towards Protestantism and her policies towards Britain.

The naval party presented arms, about-turned, and marched back to the waterfront. The young Queen— she was only 25—greatly puzzled by these formal and seemingly unfriendly proceedings, sent urgently for George Pritchard, formerly of the English mission organisation, now Acting British Consul, a trader, and her constant adviser. Pritchard brought an interpreter.

The document was signed by Du Petit-Thouars and, in the name of His Imperial Majesty, King Louis Philippe of France, he demanded that the Queen, within 24 hour • Pay to him the sum of 2„ Piasters (approximately, 2„ Dollars) as compensation for insi and injuries received by the Frei Roman Catholic missionar Fathers Garret and Laval, who 1 been forcibly removed from Tal in December, 1836. (They had ca from the Gambiers in NovemU 1836, and been landed surreptitior from the little schooner of Capt William Hamilton, at Tautir opposite side of Tahiti —and th launched a campaign against English Protestant “heretical” n sionaries.) • Make to him a formal apoll for the wrong done to citizens; France.

This was the scene in the cemetery at Paurani, Papeete, when Marau, the last Queen of Tahiti, was buried on February 4, 1935 . . Marau was the daughter of Princess Taimai (described in this article) and Alexander Salmon, and she married King Hinoi, son of Queen Pomare IV, who was dethroned by the French in 1843.

Pomare was restored by the French soon afterwards; but thenceforward she and Hinoi were merely figureheads, and the monarchy disappeared when Hinoi died.

This pen sketch of Pomare III, "the boy king", was made by an IMS missionary who was one of his teachers. He succeeded to the throne in 1821, when only a child in arms, and he died six years later.

The drawing was discovered and photographed by the late Mr. W. W. Bolton, MA, in 1937. 84 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTI

Salute the French flag with 21 s. nless these things were done, town of Papeete would be ibarded.

The Bigoted Mr. Pritchard :r. Pritchard was an aggressive, table man. It was he, rather i Queen Pomare, who had led fierce campaign against the filing “Papist” missionaries in 1836 1837; he who had appealed sionately, but in vain, to Britain, “protection”; he who had comned so bitterly to Washington inst the pro-Roman Catholic vities of Moerenhout (who had [tered the French missionaries in house in Papeete in 1836), that shington had sacked Moerenhout n the coveted job of United tes Consul in Tahiti, ritchard had fought ceaselessly a in s t Moerenhout —and the ally bigoted Moerenhout, in conlence, had kept the LMSnan Catholic quarrel constantly ler the notice of Paris. Hence arrival of Venus, and the Petitmars ultimatum, ritchard was no coward. He it straight aboard the French ;ate, and furiously pointed out cruelty of Petit-Thouars’ dends.

The Queen and her new-born ly are ill,” he cried. “She has got 2,000 dollars. She cannot imon her chiefs to a meeting hin 24 hours. She has not got a inch flag. She has only one gun nd powder enough for only five urges. She cannot carry out your nands.” ?he Commodore was icily oolite i completely unyielding. If his nands were not met by 11 o’clock 5 next morning, he would hom- 'd certain places, and land troops.

French bluejackets lined up at the gangway, and formally saluted, as the raging Pritchard departed.

Back at the palace. Pritchard found a troubled gathering of the Queen s relations. Close beside her was the very beautiful young Princess Te Riirire Oturau Ma Toarai Ariioehau Taaroarii Ariitamai. For the purposes of this story let us call her Taimai.

The Princess Taimai She was of Tahiti’s bluest blood.

Her parents represented two of the area’s most aristocratic families —so noble that the Pomares, by comparison, were parvenu. When Tu somehow became Pomare I just before the LMS missionaries arrived in 1797, Tati (who was Taimai’s grandfather) already was a senior chief of ancient lineage, and protected Pomare.

To appreciate Princess Taimai’s place in this family, perhaps these dates should be noted ; 1797 —“ Duff” disembarked the LMS missionaries in Tahiti and, soon after, Pomare I embraced Christianity. 1803—Pomare I died. His son Tu, aged 23. became Pomare 11. 1812—Daughter, Aimata, born to Pomare 11. 1821—Pomare II died. His infant son, became Pomare 111. In same year, Princess Taimai born, and taken into Pomare family, and reared in close intimacy with Princess Aimata. 1827—Pomare 111 (still a child, who was being cared for and educated by LMS missionaries) died. His sister Aimata, pged 16, also trained and educated by LMS missionaries, succeeded as Pomare IV. 1836—French Roman Catholic missionaries arrived and challenged prestige and influence of LMS missionaries.

Always, Aimata (Pomare IV) and Princess Taimai had been close friends, practically sisters; and Mt was natural that Pritchard should find the two clinging to each other when he reported back from the French warship on August 28, 1838.

There was despair in the royal palace.

But in the town, the Belgian merchant Moerenhout rejoiced— and certain leading Tahitians rejoiced with him. At last, they felt, they had curbed the power of the English missionaries. The aggressive Mr. Pritchard had enemies a-plenty, and naturally they became also the enemies of the pliant young Queen.

Enter Alexander Salmon Into the gloom of the palace there walked a handsome young English Jew, Alexander Salmon. He was the well-educated, world-wandering son of a London banker. He had landed in Tahiti a couple of years before this, and had fallen in love with the place.

Also, he had fallen in love with Tahiti’s most beautiful daughter, the Princess Taimai.

I cannot ascertain whether he had married her in 1838, when she was only 17; but he did marry her, and she still is remembered in old Tahiti as the handsome and wellbeloved Madame Salmon, She died in 1897, aged 76.

Learning of their distress, Salmon went immediately to the aid of Queen Pomare, and his Princess.

He sought urgent counsel with Pritch&i'd Pritchard was of little use. His judgment was dominated and coloured by his hates; and his top priority hates, in order of intensity, were “Papists”, Frenchmen, and Tahitian fornicators Salmon, on the other hand, had no such deep prejudices. He had friends everywhere especially among the polyglot traders along [?]37, when Pritchard be- British Consul in [?]i, Pomare IV built for a large residence on [?]site. It was there she [?] refuge when she was [?]d out by the French [?]843. The building re- [?]ed intact for nearly a [?]ry, but was recon- [?]led in the 'Twenties or [?]ies. This photograph The British Consulate" taken about 1936. [?] Pomare's palace was [?] a little way from this [?](beside what after- [?] became the French ency and the Treasury) [?]it practically collapsed disappeared 80 years ago. 85 Icl F I c ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER,' 1 ■‘1960

the “beach” —and he took life joyfully.

In Salmon’s view ,the crisis was of Pritchard’s making. If the missionary had not so fanatically pursued the Roman Catholic missionaries, and persuaded the Queen to deport them, the French would not have reacted like this.

He naturally had little sympathy with Pritchard’s determination to protect the rich preserves of the LMS in Tahiti.

However, the Queen and his Princess must be helped, and immediately.

“Better pay the fine and placate the Frenchmen,” he said. “Otherwise. you’ll have them ashore here, taking possession.”

The Queen wailed that she did not have the money. Pritchard confirmed it. “I am sure that England will not permit this outrage,” he declaimed. “But we must have time to appeal to London.”

“You will have to buy time,” snapped the young Londoner. “Get rid of this Frenchman, and then make your appeal.”

“But there is no money.”

“You must make a loan to Her Majesty,” said Salmon. “The LMS must have funds —you have had it all your own way here for 40 years.”

Pritchard protested; but finally he agreed to provide part of the 2,000 dollars, if Salmon would find the rest. Salmon went down among his trader friends on the beach, and raised his share of the “fine” in an hour.

Commodore Loaned the Guns!

Then came the problem of the 21-guns salute. The Queen had neither guns, nor powder, nor flag.

Pritchard was Acting British Consul. Salmon, carrying the 2,000 dollars, took Pritchard with him to the warship, and was able to talk to Du Petit-Thouars, while persuading the missionary not to fly at the visitor’s throat.

Salmon arranged it all. The Commodore loaned the Acting Consul five guns, and donated enough powder to load them 21 times, on the understanding that the Consul made them available to the Queen.

He undertook to send ashore a Tricolour.

The flag was displayed: the borrowed guns were fired 21 times; the Commodore received an apology for the manhandling of the priests, written in Pritchard’s best hand, and signed by the Queen. Gallic honour was satisfied.

A few days later the Venus departed. The Commodore carried with him a copy of a Convention between Tahiti and France, under which any law-abiding Frenchman at any time might establish himself and his business in Tahiti.

Political intrigues now moved swiftly in Papeete—where Moerenhout had become French Consul and Pritchard full British Consul. They were appealing respectively to Paris and London, each for “protection” against the other.

But the two young lovers, Salmon and Taimai, got away from it all when they went to live in a lovely home on the other side of Tahiti, in close association with the noble Tati families.

Pritchard Carries On Urged by Pritchard, the Queen passed a law (November, 1838) that the Gospel as taught by the LMS was the religion of the State—and there would be deportation for any foreigner, and labour on the roads for any native who challenged it.

Lord Palmerston was too busy trying to get possession of New Zealand for England before the French got there to bother about Tahiti, and refused to intervene.

Egged on by Moerenhout, France sent Captain Laplace, with the frigate Artemise, to Tahiti in June, 1839, to point out very firmly that the law of November, 1838, set at naught the Convention of September, 1838.

While the poor, badgered young Queen hedged, and the fanatical Pritchard raged, Captain Laplace gave presents generously to the anti- Pomare chiefs now being organised and influenced by Moerenhout; and “his officers feted the Queen’s maids-of-honour”.

The November law was repealed, and there was added to the September Convention a clause giving to RC missionaries all the freedoms enjoyed by those of the LMS.

In 1840 and 1841, the Pritchard- Moerenhout feud kept the hell’sbroth stewing in this earthly paradise. The French, seeing their colonising plans defeated by the English in Australia and New Zealand, concentrated on Polynesia. The British could not have cared less— all, that is, except Mr. Pritchard.

In 1841, Mr. Pritchard headed for London.

In 1842. Consul Moerenhout complained to Paris that, owing to the preponderance of British in the country’s economic life, and the position of British Consul Pritchard as chief adviser to the Queen Pomare, the French community (actually, a mere handful) were forced to undergo humiliation and arbitrary ill- treatment.

Some high French officials sa; they would prefer a British pn tectorate there, rather than the ru of Pritchard, who was motivated 1 hatred of the French and the Roms Catholics.

As London remained indifferen Paris moved in again.

Petit-Thouars Returns Back came Du Petit-Thouars (nc a Rear-Admiral) in September, 184 in a warship. Because there hs been ill-treatment of the Frenc community, France demanded a pa; ment of 10,000 piasters within < hours, or else naval forces woui occupy strategic points.

According to history, there we; not a dozen French families livir in Tahiti at the time. There is i record of anti-French outrages.

Tahitian constable had had a ra with a Frenchman over a dog fight, and another official hs seized some French brandy, alleged] illicit—the Rear-Admiral’s demanc seem to have been based on thing of that kind.

The Queen was over in Eimc Island, having another baby. Hi chiefs—now strongly influenced I the Moerenhout faction—could no pay the fine. They communicate their plight to the Queen, and urge that they seek a French protect orate. Reluctantly, Pomare agreed!

Du Petit-Thouars instant! accepted the request, and Frenc administrative machinery was intro duced forthwith. Paris ratified th “Treaty” in March, 1843.

Pritchard, meanwhile, had bee battering his head against White hall’s indifference to Tahiti’s plight but when rumours of the Frenc: protectorate began to circulate, then was alarm in the new British Colon of New South Wales, and the Gov ernor sent the warship Vindictiv (with Mr. George Pritchard aboard! to Tahiti in February, 1843, to en quire.

Reaction to Protectorate The Tahitians were now awaken ing to the character of the Trend; invasion, and displaying hostility.

The Queen had returned tj Papeete. Pritchard was back, agai:: her “counsellor”. British warship called more frequently. Troubll brewed.

The Vindictive lay for somi months in the lagoon, opposite Papeete. The British refused t: acknowledge the French “administration” and treated Pomare as ai independent sovereign. Tahitianr gathered in camps in the interioc valleys and made war-like gestures; Pomare and Pritchard bombardec Sydney and London with appeall for help.

Princess Taimai was frequentl:! with her foster sister, the distressed Queen. Alexander Salmon, sympaj thetically English but shrewdly Jewish, kept in the background: neutral. (Continued on page 99) The Young Queen Hedged—And The Fanatical Pritchard Raged (Continued from previous page)

It Must They Lose Their Tradition, He Asks?

Chinatown-My

CHINATOWN

By Lew Friday

The Chinese community of New Guinea has least to say, works the irdest and in recent years has prospered most. The writer of this tide looked Rabaul Chinese community over last year, and gives ire his own very personal views. r ER since 1910, when the Germans made their administrative centre on a drained swamp inated by volcanoes. Rabaul has its Chinatown. le Germans had brought in ) coolies for plantation labour, their descendants remained as traders, restaurant lers, tailors, laundrymen and dressers, shipowners and plantamanagers. le first Chinatown was well m to Australian troops who took in 1914. Captain J. Lyng, who a member of the Australian 3, and wrote a book about it, de- )ed it as a tiny East-Asiatic iship transplanted to New ain, a place for these parts both ’ and wicked. )day it is still busy, but it is not ucked any more, le old-type Chinese, according yng, wore his umbrella-like hat; women wore pants and carried : babies slung on their backs, re were Japanese women, too, over-virtuous; and grop shops, bling and opium dens, and a house. rote Captain Lyng: “To the h-born Adam treacherous Eves l the land of the chrysanthemum out open arms.” hile waiting for that victory never came, some of the Gerofficials and planters sought lence in Chinatown. They were to be repatriated until 1921. lere followed the Rabaul of ben the wars, the place some old itorians look back on with algia. Magnificent, like cathedral is, were the shady avenues of larina Avenue and Malaguna J; while the verdant Botanical lens running up towards the .lings of the high-up officials on Lanula Hill were, rightly, of more l local fame.

War Again ie shops-cum-dwellings of Chinai still gave off their whiff of Orient, but thrift, hard work long working hours were the lot tie inhabitants. len the blow fell. World War viped out Chinatown with the of Rabaul. The place was so ened by Allied bombing that you couldn’t see even where the streets used to be.

Gone were the Gardens, gone were the trees along the avenues, gone were the people. The Japanese brought in to work for them Chinese from Canton and Indians from Singapore and Malaya. A memorial on the outskirts tells how many hundred local Chinese died then or were executed during the Japanese occupation.

Some of them, accused of helping Australian soldiers make their way down the coasts, were tortured or beheaded. Others went bush, to live as best they could, to start life again when the Japanese capitulated.

A temporary Chinatown grew up in another part of Rabaul (the Matupi Farm area a makeshift place of old iron, so that when the wind blew it set the corrugated sheets flap, flap, flapping). After every big blow in the north-west monsoon season, which lasts from November to March, few nights passed without at least one family having to move in on already overcrowded neighbours. because their shack had collapsed on top of them.

However, as the rebuilding of Rabaul got underway, the old Chinatown was rebuilt according to building regulations, and at the same time, the shack area near Matupi Farm, gave place to a new suburb, “New Chinatown”.

The peculiarity of Rabaul Chinese building, as in other Pacific Chinatowns I could name, is that every dwelling is a potential shop; the administration has to see that living rooms are not used as cocoa or copra stores. Children abound; neatly dressed, they cycle to and from school, and play around the houses in the evening.

The administration has not been half so kind to Malaytown next door, nor to Rabaul’s many excellent mixed-race families, who though they are intelligent, good workers, and speak good English, have not been allowed naturalisation.

How Much for a Bike?

Chinatown shops are open to a late hour, and rely, in the main, on native trade; but the Gazelle Peninsula is rich and the Tolais flourishing. Unfortunately, price discrimination against the natives has not come to an end. (Europeans once took similar advantage of native ignorance, but this is far less marked today).

Short-weight is frequently given by the Chinese trader in such necessities as sugar and rice, sold over the counter in made-up bags.

If? #ou send a native to buy a bag (Continued on page 99) Rabaul's new Chinatown —a change from the flapping tin. 87 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

The Month'S New Reading

With JUDY TUDOR There's A Raj Close Behind It is only to he expected from a foreign correspondent of such a high-hom publication as the London “Daily Telegraph”’, that even when writing what he calls a “light political travel hook”, he should, at times, slip onto the ponderous plane; and that his old typewriter should hash out a sonorous phrase or two where it does least good. But hy and large, Gordon Shepherd’s “Where the Lion Trod” does what he says he designed it to do —it “primarily entertains” .

IN the course of his duties, Shepherd spent four months in India 11 years after the British Raj had departed. If he expected that a decade of independence could oust, neck and crop, the several hundred years of British influence he was disappointed. He found that although skin pigmentation no longer protects the white man from the consequences of his folly or bad judgment: although the Burra Sahib has been replaced by the grammar school boy; and that although everything in the metaphorical shop window is Indian, the old Imperial imprint of the British Lion is still there, manifesting itself in ways that are paradoxical, amusing and sometimes pathetic.

That’s not to say, of course, that official India does not now try to give the impression that the British occupation was only a short incident in the long and glorious history of the sub-continent. (Which, considering that there have been Indians in India for as long before BC as BC goes, is of course quite true).

Mr. Shepherd begins his wanderings (so far as this book is concerned) in the extreme SW of the peninsula, which used to be Travancore Cochin but in more recent years has been absorbed in Kerala. Kerala, since partition, has had a more than normal up and down political career, including a spasm of Communism.

Sirs Versus Masters Our traveller, however, was more interested in what was once the very British tea planting community— strictly Burra Sahib—of the Travancore hills. Here names like Brooke Bonds Tea remain to remind us of the glory that was; while the managers and assistant managers are more likely now to be Indian, or foot-loose products of the technical and grammar school, interested in earning a quick and honest buck and moving on, rather than products of public schools who, in past generations, dedicated themselves to rai ing tea bushes and carrying the white man’s burden in far Travancore.

There were, too, the Russians who had horned in on the once British preserve of buying tea at the fortnightly Cochin tea sales. Dressed in open-necked shirts and duck trousers, they still acted as though they were fur-hatted sentries in Eastern Europe, as they outbid the British for the best chests of tea to blend with the twigs they mowed off their own tea bushes back in Georgia.

There was, of course, that anachronism, the club, conceived of British planting tradition and carried on in the same tradition—with recent Indian admixtures.

Under a portrait of the Queen, both sections ate in harmony—but remote, one from the other, roast beef and Yorkshire pudding for the one; curry for the other. The Indian servants had already coped with the situation: They called the British members “Master”, and the Indian members “Sir”—with no difference in the inflection of the voice.

In the Men’s Bar were displayed the holy relics of the time now departing; Sporting trophies and photos galore crowded the walls and then, proudly, beside the bar, a unique display of hats—topees felts, pork pies, and even a bowler—eai marked with the name of some te tending veteran of the British bre who had sweated out the qualify! 30 years.

Shepherd ponders on the future: this graveyard of hats. Few vetera remained in the district who wou qualify in the next decade; and ft of the grammar school types won stay ten years, let alone 30.

Would the Indians preserve •. like the bagpipes in their Am bands? Shepherd doubts it: “Or the native barman, a veteran many ‘hanging events’ still regard them fondly with the unswervii wet-eyed loyalty of the colone batman. It was touching to pictu him in the early 1970’5, defend! the sahib’s dusty topees, nail nail, from desecrations of an arr of ‘Sirs’”.

"Ousting English"

But Kerala is probably not t best spot to view the lasting i fluence of the Raj. The travell moves swiftly northwards into tl disputed province of Kashmir; ai to Sikkim, the gateway to Tibe and lingers long in the heart of tl new nation. Delhi.

He discusses at length the strugg of the Indians with their languai problems and their official effort oust English as an official languai —particularly in Parliament—ar foist upon all India the limite language called Hindi, artificial! enriched by deliberate injections « ancient Sanskrit. [According to tB ‘‘schedule”, Hindi is to replace Eng hsh in India’s Parliament by 196 but the betting on this when you reviewer was in New Delhi thre months ago, was that it neve would]. (Ovei The hat graveyard, result of many "hanging" ceremonies. A drawing from "Where the Lion Trod reviewed this page 88

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(Advertisement) Lemons for Beauty To keep your skin clear and fair and your hair brilliant, you need the natural cleansing and bleaching tonic of lemons.

Ask your chemist or store for a bottle of lemon delph, the latest lemon type skin freshener that beautiful women are now using. Lemon delph bleaches yellowness of the hands and neck, beautifies the complexion as it melts out plugged pores and closes them to a beautifully fine texture. Lemon delph is excellent for a quick cleanse or to quell a greasy nose. A little lemon delph brushed on the hair after your shampoo will give it the glamour of sparkling diamonds. )ur traveller looks into one of most extraordinary of modern ian paradoxes—the British public 001, transplanted to the lofty jhts of a Himalayan foothill, s particular school was founded 1823, for the sons of Eurons; today its students are ,ost entirely otherwise —yet the X)1 goes through the old motions, uding an Anglican morning seri in the chapel for a “congregai of pint-size Hindus, Buddhists, ists and Sikhs”. fficially, this school and others it, are marked down for early ngiilation (as “anachronisms in India of today”) while at the ie time high Indian officialdom imbles to enter its sons for them minute they are born.

Vandering American Widows hepherd is told, as all visitors to ia are told, that there are more tish in India today than ever, sibly, so, but what sort? Mostly micians in the new industries, inessmen and salesmen. Estim- ; in their way, but certainly not Burra Sahibs of the past, and ; is a matter for regret on the t of both Indians and our author, id your reviewer.) his vacuum, unfortunately, has been filled by British tourists > leave India strictly to the ericans who overrun this field —a ural staging point, says Shepherd, veen the pagodas of Bangkok . the pyramids of Egypt, he result is that the Indian on tourist beat is likely to judge Western world today on these rgetic globe trotters and come the conclusion that it consists inly of women over 60, all addicts pills, potions and preventive iicine. he standard candidate for these erican tourist parties is the ow of the business executive Dnsigned to an early grave by iss, strokes and stomach ulcers”), i a couple of the opposite sex d have survived the rat race, iding out like tall poppies— ?nificent in flambuoyant hula 'ts. hey seemed embarras c ed to be re, and silent, too. . . “While the aen chattered away about whether t emerald in Rangoon was glass L whether the water in Calcutta i boiled . . . they just fingered ir cameras, filters and light chines that festooned them, like >adhu selling his beads”. »ur traveller’s description of the erican tourist invasion of every ce between Cairo and Hongkong t has a decent hotel, is so bitterly using and so extraordinarily urate that these passages alone 'e, for me, worth the price of the ole book.

VHERE THE LION TROD. Published Macmillan and Co., Ltd. Australian :e, 29/9.) Tigers Came When He Called AFTER Shepherd’s story of India today, there is no better book to read —in order to get your ideas completely into perspective— that Jim Corbett’s Man Eaters of Kumaon. This story, with one of his other Indian stories, was recently added to the Oxford University Press’ World Classic series.

Corbett was the living example of these Burra Sahibs that Shepherd concerned himself about, and with whom today’s tractor assemblyplant foreman, in India on two years contract, is like a creature of another species.

Jim Corbett was born in Northern India in 1875; he had five brothers and three sisters; two half-sisters and four half-brothers. Both his parents were survivors of the Indian Mutiny.

In the summer, this large, mixed family, went to the mountains; the rest of the year they lived in the foothills below, at Kaladunghi, and it was here that Corbett learned his first jungle-lore and from an elder brother how to shoot. Even as a small boy he went into the jungle and camped alone; he learned the bird and animal calls and could call up tigers to within a few feet.

He was a prodigious hunter and marksman, and all of this book about man-eating tigers is based on personal experience. He was continually under pressure to rid one district or another of some maneater, sometimes credited with hundreds of victims, and he continued this gratuitous service until the outbreak of World War 11.

He occasionally hunted for sport, but when in later years he was presented with a 16 m.m. Cine-Kodak, he gave it up in favour of stalking game with a camera. He is credited with some of the best Indian and African wild life films. (Now in the Natural History Museum, London).

For over 20 years Corbett earned his living by transhipping goods across the Ganges for pne of the railway companies, and in the 1914 war he raised a labour force of 5,000 in Kumaon and took 500 of them to France. He brought 499 of them back, resettled them in their villages, and spent his gratuity building a canteen for the troops he later fought alongside in Afghanistan.

During the Second World War he raised and trained more troops..

Corbett loved India, its people and even, probably, its man-eating tigers, but after partition in 1947 he and his sister went to live at Nyeri, in Kenya, where he had an interest in a coffee estate. It was Corbett who was with Princess Elizabeth and the Duke of Edinburgh during the fateful night of February 5-6 1952, which they spent at Tree Tops the thatched hut in the branches of a tree in the Kenya forest. During that night, the Princess became Queen Elizabeth 11.

He wrote six books—five of them about India —and all in his latter years. Together they tell the story of his life and all, in their way, are classics.

His last book, in 1955, was Tree Tops, an account of the Royal visit to the unique hotel in the trees. In April of that same year Corbett died of a heart attack. (MAN EATERS OF KUMAON. Published by Oxford University Press. Australian price, 12/9.) The Navy and Others in Samoa THE United States Naval Institute has published more than 100 books in its time, most of them relating to Naval history of the United States and other Powers, or to scientific and biographical matters that have a Navy flavour. But their latest publication, Amerika Samoa, by Captain J. A. C. Gray, although hitched to the Navy by virtue of the fact that American Samoa was for half a century administered by the USN, is a straight-out history of the American Territory. The Navy’s part in Samoa (covering the period between 1900 and June, 1951), is apportioned its rightful place in this scheme of things.

Captain Gray was the last Senior Naval Medical Officer stationed in Pago Pago, and although he was in the Territory for only a couple of years, he obviously has kept his interest in Pacific affairs since, as well as being something of a student of earlier Samoan history.

A considerable amount of literature exists, both in German and English, on the early struggles of World Powers to get a foothold in the Samoan islands, and there is no 91 LCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Also Registered Offices at Melbourne, Brisbane, Port Moresby (Papua), and Vila (New Hebrides). of literature on missionary ts there. But most modern srs about these islands have pushing a theory, or have anthropological axe to grind, there have been few attempts a, comprehensive history, and fewer from the American point iew. hen the Samoan islands were ly apportioned between Gery and the United States at the of last century, the small islands le American share, in compariwith Western Samoa, were omically poor to the point of I useless. Between 1900 and when the Navy handed over vil Administration, the economy le territory was based on the that it was a Navy base. The ;enous inhabitants, who had somewhere around 6,000 in ber when the US Navy took , and who had increased to 0 by 1950, made their living by ;ing for or supplying services to tfavy. iis reviewer was in Pago Pago le time the Navy was pulling and can remember the conlation that was felt when it was sed that the fairy godfather had operated in Navy uniform 10 long was really leaving; and they would have to get on as they could with an agricultural omy of which most of them r nothing, and with the proon of arable land far too inuate for the now increased lation, wever, the Samoans were not ys pro-Navy, and Captain Gray tes quite some space to the ities of the American Samoan that, in combination with a ; administration, caused dison in that Territory throughnost of the 1920’5, e activities of the American Dan Mau got under way before Western Samoan Mau, although s been generally eclipsed by the r which was much more vigor and had far more serious and caching consequences. >st of the Mau troubles in rican Samoa were aggravated if directly inspired by people who not live permanently in the itory and by others who had no ection with it at all except igh half-baked theories—much mstralian academic do-gooders abuses in New Guinea today e, in fact, they don’t exist, one stage the Samoans were 1 to take the view that Samoa really “free” and that the ds had never been ceded. The Dans themselves, at this time, a whole string of petty grievs ranging from the charges 5 at the Navy dispensary to the that US sailors could not marry Dans without the consent of commanding officers, is is a good, straight-forward ry with just one mystery—why in heaven’s name the author should have called it Amerika Samoa. So far as we know there is no valid reason for this, nor does the writer use this version of “America” in the body of the book. (AMERIKA SAMOA. Published by the US Naval Institute, Annapolis, Maryland, USA. Price, $6.) The Great Three Ringed Circus THE cynical view of politics and politicians taken by most people these days is probably some indication of how far Democracy has slipped its cogs. The popular notion of politics is that they stink; and that politicians don’t smell much better, either. And this attitude is not helped by the kind of novels Americans write about their own brand of political democracy.

Presumably, there are American novels that set out to show that theirs is the best of all political systems, but they are harder to recall than the many others based on political graft, influence, or misplaced ambition.

Even when the goodies ultimately triumph over the baddies, it leaves a nasty taste in mouths of readers who don’t understand the ballyhoo techniques of the American electoral system.

A Fever In the Blood (by William Pearson), is a case in point. And even if it has appeared opportunely in Presidential Election year; and 93 3 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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YARDLEY LAVEN DER n if the connivers don’t always mph, it is sufficient to make the i-American wonder how the ural leaders of the community ever rise through the ruck ;ake their rightful place leading peat nation. Things being as 7 are, the choice of American tical leaders interests more than Americans these days, he central figures in Pearson’s el are three men who want to i State Governor —two of them, how, as stepping stones to the ddency. ne of the candidates was the ;h and honest District Attorney; second was a slightly dipsouac State Judge, and the third aged Senator who had already one stroke but wanted to finish career in the gubernatorial seat, was the Senator who had the :anisation” and he set about his ihibited way of removing his anents. The whole campaign was plicated by the fact that a local alite was to be tried for murder, he District Attorney could get mviction before the “primaries”, yould be in. If, however, the trial d be delayed until after the pre- 3tion, the delegates by some exrdinary American type of reasonwould favour the Senator. It is Senator’s pressure on the Judge, only to withdraw as a candidate, to somehow foul up the trial promise of a Federal Judgeship, ; is the crux of the novel, bis is an extremely well written i but presumably would be more irtaining and comprehensible to jrican readers than to other iterners who are more likely to irritated or befuddled over the ne.

FEVER IN THE BLOOD. Published [acmillan. Australian price, 22/6.) :rutable East, :a 1908 this travel-mad world of 1960, when about every tenth person is dashing into print with his ressions of life on foreign nds; and experts on every odd ect under the sun are a dime a sn, you wouldn’t imagine that it Id be necessary to bring out :her (the seventh edition) of a el book that first drew breath 911. vay back before the First World before most of us had drawn th ourselves, a young doctor a job on a tramp vessel as its ical officer. The voyage was i Liverpool, through Suez to aya, Singapore and Japan and i a deviation to the (then) lerlands East Indies, back along same route. ne Doctor was J. Johnston aham, and when he got back to land he wrote a book about what lad seen, and where he had gone, as called The Surgeon’s Log, and n it was launched on an unsophisticated world back in 1911 it was a thundering success. The publishers, thus encouraged, have been churning out new impressions and new editions ever since, and the doctor has not only gone on to become a successful London surgeon, but has become the author of an imposing string of novels and factual works.

Any resemblance between the South East Asia of 1908 and Mr.

Abraham, and South East Asia, 1960, is purely geographical. In the light of two World Wars; the invention of flying machines, and radio; the wave of nationalism that has swept SE Asia in the last two decades — what he wrote now seems like a museum piece.

But travel was real adventure in those days—something enjoyed by the privileged few—and we have lost a lot of the fresh approach that generation had to it. Junior typists and freshly graduated nurses did not then, as a matter of course, take a trip across the world with the Grand Tour chucked in. There were no 85,000-ton passenger liners; no stabilisers to smooth out the raging main; no seasick pills; no planes to hurl you about the globe at just under the speed of sound. No mass produced, package deal tourist trips, The Chinese crew on the doctor’s ship wore baggy pants and pig-tails; spoke a brand of Pidgin that sounded like something out of a bad movie; and when he got to the East, the rickshaws amazed him, the hissing Japanese confounded him; the colour and exotic life overwhelmed him; the stinks at first appalled him.

These days, of course, we all know that Japs hiss, that rickshaws are just tourist bait; that the colour and exotic life are no more than the travel brochures promised us.

Ctoly the stinks remam the same, All in all, it appears to me, travellers have lost a lot since they became sophisticated and blase and the East gave up being Inscrutable, As a travel guide for 1960 we wouldn’t recommend Surgeon’s Log; but as an exercise in nostalgic read- 95 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Phone: MA 3972 and the living proof that the has changed (but not always he best) it’s worth a place on bookshelf, even though it seems r that the cost of edition seven out four times that of edition E SURGEON’S LOG. Published by Heinemann, Ltd. Australian price, at Work CRE are more things in ladrid’s heaven and earth than per dreamed of in the tourist’s ;ophy, and Paco Never Fails — its French version, Paco Le ique —tells you why. ; author is Andras Laszlo, a arian who now lives in France /ho once lived in Spain long :h to write seven novels in sh. s the tradition in Madrid (or le author says), for young nt girls who have erred to come from the country and hire lelves out as wet-nurses to iy families. Apart from the al sin, it is, we are to believe, lectable and lucrative occupa- Unfortunately, nature usually les only sufficient lactic hment for one child, and after tain period the milk supply up. There is only one way to going again, and this is where comes in. he time we meet him, he is a in middle age, and has been sing his profession for many He brings to it the calm, itional approach of a plumber drain pipes, and his wife keeps >pointment book and receives ients. Sometimes Paco obliges centric tourist who is looking 0 more than diversion, but illy his work is amongst the irses. ible for Paco starts when his >egins to have a child, when ing to Paco’s theories and matics it could not be his. eads the story to end in what dust-jacket calls “dramatic n”. 1 is a book about sex, sex of an rdinary kind, but presented :h a fashion that apparently ven Australian book censors eir susceptibilities disarranged, nade clear that it is the disice in Paco’s mind that is the 1 theme of this novel; not the ig description of how he earns ’ing.

O NEVER PAILS. Published by and Warburg. Australian price, llection Called .ove ALD KERSH, who might be garded as some sort of latterly O. Henry, is back again with lection of long short-stories, which make their bow to the world under the encouraging title of The Ugly Face Of Love.

The book, however, does not, as you might imagine, set out to give 11 versions of the seamier side of sex. It just happens that one of the stories is about a bloke called Love who had an ugly face, and the collection is cannily given its name from that.

The author has his own brash, American style of writing—although many of the pieces in this book have a London background. If you are fond of short stories —and not eve yone is—you might do worse than invest in Mr. Kersh. (THE UGLY FACE OF LOVE. Published by William Heinemann, Ltd. Australian price, 18/9.) Blessed Are Those Who Are Happy ALTHOUGH Evangelist Billy Graham has spoken several million words in his young life, he has written only two books, and Secret Of Happiness is the second.

In this small paper-backed book there are in all, ten essays on how one may get to grips with oneself, with life and with God, and eight of them are based on the Beatitudes.

Graham writes with ease and obvious sincerity in getting his Christian message across. (THE SECRET OF HAPPINESS. Published by World’s Work, Ltd. Australian price, 6/- ) Youth Department YOUNGSTERS who have improved their geography and their knowledge of sailing craft in other of the Green Sailor series (by Gilbert Hackforth-Jones), will welcome a new adventure, Green Sailors In the Galapagos.

This story is an extension of Green Sailors In the Caribbean, in which Uncle George, the four children, their Canadian friend Loopy and schoolmaster Ted are all involved in defeating a diamond smuggling racket.

They are allowed by their parents to go on with Uncle George to visit his old friend in the Galapagos, providing they do their lessons and don’t have any more excitement.

But, of course, they do —plus learning something about these strange islands 800 miles south-west of Panama. (GREEN SAILORS IN THE GALAPAGOS.

Published by Hodder and Stoughton, Ltd.

Australian price, 13/3.) Also Read . . .

THREE novels that we have conscientiously tried to read this month, and on which we have made little impact, are herewith listed for your comment; , DEAR BEAST: by Nancy Hal. (Published by Macmillan, Australian 97 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

price, 22/6) : A new twist on the country mouse who anonymously writes a novel about the community in which she lives. The twist is that it creates little comment when it is learned who did the dirty deed, and she whizzes off to New York to join an arty-craft set who at first lay on the VIP treatment and waft the authoress along on rosy-pink clouds of delusion.

MALCOLM: By James Purdy. (Published by Seeker and Warburg, Australian price, 18/9) : A pixy creation that delves so far into the realms of fantasy that it leaves your poor, prosaic book-reviewer for dead The thing is that if you liked other novels written by Purdy, you will probably like this one, too. Dame Edith Sitwell (not surprising) and Dorothy Parker (surprising) did.

Lust For Innocence, By

Dianne Doubtfire. (Published by Peter Davies, Australian price, 18/9): TTiis is the story of the anguishes of an eight-year-old moppet who pushes her sadistic mother under the wheels of a London Underground train, and then is blackmailed into an association with a man who saw it happen and whose ideas are more related to the first word in the book’s title than the last.

What’s New In Paper Backs COME IN SPINNER, by Dymphna Cusack and Florence James: The novel of wartime Sydney which is pretty well unique in AustraHan literature. It is not about wide open spaces nor gum trees, but manages to avoid the arty-craftiness that most Australian novelists imagine is the only alternative. The collaborators produced a good, sophisticated novel that could have happened against any big city background, but yet allowed it to have its genuine Australian overtones. (PAN GIANT 5/-.) THE SECRET ADVERSARY, by Agatha Christie: A vintage Christie, first published in 1923, published by Pan Books, Ltd., in 1955. with six printings since.

There should be no surprises in it for anyone. It concerns the post-War I and premarital adventures of Tuppence and Tommy (whose collective ages were around 45), the earliest of Agatha’s sleuths. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) N OR M?, also by Agatha Christie: Twenty years and about two dozen thrillers after the preceding adventures of Tuppence and Tommy we find them, their combined ages now being twice what they were, relegated to the shelf by both the British Secret Service and their children. Nonetheless they had a World War II adventure just the same. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) FATAL WOMAN, by Patrick Quentin.

What can happen (and fortunately doesn’t often) when your wife takes her sick mother to Jamaica and you befriend a poor, little wallflower at a cocktail party.

Peter Duluth’s poor little wallflower hung herself from his chandelier—and it made for complications, and not only with his wife. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) THE STRANGE LAND, Hammond Innes, When this book was written—less than 10 years ago—this part of Morocco was still French. Apart from its thriller aspect, it is an interesting account of the littleknown land between the Atlas Mountains and the Mediterranean, and of its people.

Of course, the strangest people in Innes’ tale are not the Arabs and the Berbers, but the importations who are engaged on the usual skulduggery. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.)

The Saint Closes The Case And

THE HAPPY HIGHWAYMAN, by Leslie Charteris. According to a recent newspaper article, Charteris (real name Yin) had a Chinese father and an English mother; his current wife is his fourth; and he is reputed to be a millionaire. The last fact proves that there is money in writing thrillers, especially when as now they are reprinted an infinitum. A good thriller is never “finished”. (Or so publishers seem to think.) These first saw the light in 1930 and 1933 respectively, when Simon Templar was presumably a good deal younger, but even then engaging in the same Robin Hood kind of adventures that he has today. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.)

A Penknife In My Heart, By

Nicholas Blake, which is a pseudonym for “one of the foremost poets of the day”.

But Blake doesn’t write thrillers like a poet, and in his example he has two men contracting together to commit a murder but for entirely different reasons. What seemed to both a way out turns out to be something quite different. (FONTANA, 3/9.) HOUSE OF NUMBERS, by Jack Finney: In California a prisoner can get the d* sentence for just hitting a gaoler. Th what Arnie Jarvis did, and that’s whal was up against. There was just one out—escape—and this is the story of it was planned. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) THE WIND CANNOT READ, by Rid Mason: The story of a young RAF ofl taking an Intelligence course in India < ing the war and falling in love with Japanese teacher. It was made into a m a few years ago, but unlike Mason’s be known novel—“ The World of Suzie Wo —this one doesn’t have a happy end (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) FORTUNE IS MY ENEMY, by Rid Pape. This “grips the reader in a stran hold of suspense”—horror weapons suicide club, espionage, murder am beautiful girl, all spread out against background of Hitler’s last days in bunker. (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) JUTLAND, by Captain Donald Macini Back to 1916 and another war, and whi now regarded as the biggest naval bi of all time, when Germany’s entire n might met 148 warships of the British to decide who had control of the s (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) RED FOR DANGER, by L. T. C. 1 No one expects these days to die i railway crash (although some still but at one time it was the novel A New Series For Connoisseurs The first half dozen books in a new series, from the publishing house of William Collins Ltd., has recently become available in Australia. This series is called The Fontana Library, and each volume in it is an important work, hitherto available only in expensive editions.

These books are for the student and for those whose tastes in reading go beyond the superficial. The first six in Fontana Library cover a variety of subjects, and new additions in preparation are even more diverse. The first six are: GRACE AND PERSONALITY, by John Oman. The author was born of humble crofter parents in the Orkney Islands, but managed to go to the Edinburgh University and later to Heidelberg where he was greatly influenced by the German school of theology. He was later ordained in the Church of Scotland but is mostly highly regarded now as a writer on theology. This work, published first in 1917, is probably his most important. It analyses two approaches to life one by the man who thinks he is captain of fate; and the other who feels he has a total dependence on God and attempts to reconcile them. (8/9.) THE ROMANTIC AGONY, by Mario Praz: A study of the Romantic period in literature and in particular the Decadent Movement at the end of last century. In this the influence of the Marquis de Sade (from which we get our word "sadistic") is correctly ap portioned. (11/-.) LECTURES IN MODERN HISTORY, , collection of lectures that Lord Actoi delivered during his six years as Pro fessor of Modern History at Cam bridge. Acton had an extraordinary background, was out of step with hii own times and has been mon honoured since his death (1902) thai in the 68 years of his life. (8/9.)

The Italian Painters Of Th

RENAISSANCE, by Bernhard Nerensorr who is considered the most know ledgeable art critic and connoisseu who has ever written in the Englisi language. He died in 1959.

The four sections of this book covering the Venetian, Florentine Central Italian and Northern Italiai schools of painting were originall' published separately. They were re vised and combined for this volume which is illustrated with example: from each school. (8/9.)

A History Of Europe, By H. A

Fisher. This is published in twr volumes the first covering thu period from the earliest times on thii continent until 1713, and the othe: from that time until 1935. Fisher diec in 1940 after a distinguished aca demic and political career aii unusual combination. This history wat completed in 1935, published thu same year, and immediately pro: claimed a great work, in the tradition of Gibbon and Macaulay. (Each volume, 14/-.)

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NEW GUINEA CO. LTD., Rabaul, Madang, Lae, Kavieng, Kokopo. in the absence of positive moves by either France or Britain, there were many incidents, and increasing hostility between the French and British communities. The majority of Tahitians were with the Queen, pro-British. A small minority supported the anti-Pomare (actually, anti-Pritchard) chiefs, Du Petit-Thouars, in Valparaiso, learned in October, 1843, that his “Treaty” had been ratified by France He dropped anchor at Papeete on November 1, and on November 3, defying the Queen and the British warship lying there, he vo and weigh them at home will find they only contain 12 oz.

'opeans who buy bicycles from Chinese for their New Guinea iyees pay from £l7/10/- to £lB. [ the native does his own shophe is asked £2O to £2l. ? natives are becoming alive to situation, and ill-feeling is ng. It is a short-sighted policy e part of the Chinese. It would hem to treat the native fairly, mlarly as they are permanent mts in a way that most Euro- > are not. ither illegal activity that has > eradicated in Chinatown is ale of sly grog to the natives — ro”, and watered-down Ausn whisky at £2 a bottle, laul’s European stores give the bs fair and honest weight. Their ke, in the business sense, is to European customers first and f turn, so that the natives get and and dilatory service. Yet lative trade brings wealth—a lean store which went out to ;he native real service sold out small fortune, lerally, the European and jse in Rabaul get on well tor. Many of the local-owned ise ships have European masters engineers. It is only the noise ;r that drives Europeans away the fringes of Chinatown. reaking the Sound Barrier b assumes the Chinese to be ly deaf. They shout to each throughout the day and night, anted by the blaring of gramobs, radios at top strength, the ng of roosters, and the barking )gs. In places dogs rush out lark at every car; their howls ® white neighbours all night they are at their worst when loon is full. /as told of a Chinese woman had 24 dogs. She traded them New Guinea boys going back to villages after working out their act. Should the air company reto take a dog because it was properly crated, then the dog to be left behind, to make its aack to the only home it knew, of the original owner, who . then sell it over again, e other characteristic of the present-day Chinese areas in a town where vegetation flourishes, and the green-lined avenues are flourishing again, is the almost complete absence of trees. Should a tree stand near his fine new house, the first thing the Chinese occupant seems to think to do is to cut it down.

The saddest thing before I left was to see a bulldozer knocking down what must have been Chinatown’s last magnificent grove of bamboos.

One had hoped for the reverence, reflected in the work of Chinese poet and painter through the milleniums, for these lovely, waving feathery adornments of the year.

In becoming Australian citizens, must the Chinese lose all their traditional poetry? rite way of removing unwanted cters from the scene. This is a il account of what was behindd the sts’ gimmick—a survey of Britain’s railway disasters between 1840 and and the lessons learned therefrom so British railways are the safest in the (GREAT PAN, 3/9.) r copies from Wm. Collins (Over- Ltd.) 99 Tahiti's Troubles (Continued from page 86)

I F I C Islands Monthly— September, 1960

My Chinatown (Continued from page 87)

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id the French flag at several bs in Tahiti. l November 4, the new French ;rnor, Captain Bruat, arrived, pare went to British Consul hard’s house, and from there d the French. itchard demanded help from British warship (now HMS in) ; but Captain Tucker, havtio instructions, would not inre. On November 6, the French ally took possession of Tahiti, sed Queen Pomare, seized her ,te property, and took full of government, itchard ceased fighting, pulled i the British Consular flag, and ne a merchant again. Pomare, simply a terrified Tahitian lady, placed aboard a British ketch, '.isk, where she lived for several s. len news of the seizure of ti reached London and Paris 'ebruary, it caused an internal sensation. France disced the high-handed annexaby Du Petit-Thouars, and red the “protectorate” file the Chancelleries bickered argued through 1843, 1844 and there was confusion and some ing in Tahiti.

Tahitian seized and disarmed rench sentry, whereupon the ch arrested and gaoled hard, and four days later sent aboard a British warship, with rs not to return. He never did m afterwards, he was a trader British Consul in Samoa. He no longer a missionary—one oses that the LMS had “had”

The French paid him, later, 0 compensation, itish public opinion was hied against France in 1843 for y years, and the seizure of ti worsened the situation. There public meetings in London and jydney—the latter on June 7, being very ferocious, and sal of Whitehall, leen Pomare went into hiding laiatea —still part of her own inions—in 1843. Although the ectorate was restored soon wards she remained there. She never accepted the Protectorate, said—she would not live under ch domination.

The Princess Intervenes ie pro-British and pro-French tians gathered in two hostile is—civil war was imminent, jrnor Bruat gathered his forces prepared for action—which it an attack upon the Pomare ons. adame Salmon—the 22-years- Princess Taimai—was persuaded tier husband to interview the ich Governor. Bruat listened to lady, and agreed to delay his :k for three days, len, with her husband, she was 3n to the various camps; and did persuade the angry groups disperse and return to their homes. It was the charming voice of Taimai; but it was the judgment and force of Salmon which prevented slaughter.

But still the Queen would not return to Tahiti. There were more than political reasons.

As a child, Princess Aimata had been betrothed to High Chief Tapoa and, as a very young Queen, she was married to him by an LMS missionary. She bore him two or three children. She did not like him much; but, despite her well-known amorous temperament, she was kept generally on the path of domestic rectitude by the unflinching Mr.

Pritchard But Tapoa hated Tahiti, and the arrogant Europeans and, when the international squabbles started, he cleared off to Bora Bora, and remained there.

When Pomare fled to Raiatea, in 1843, she was mate-less. On Raiatea lived her cousin Tenania, a high chief, and—it has been said—her teen-age lover. Within a few weeks they were married (one presumes the union with Tapoa was somehow dissolved); and, experiencing married love for the first time, Pomare was reluctant to leave Raiatea.

Search for a Queen All now being quiet in Tahiti, and the French having restored the Protectorate, the Tahitians wanted their queen back in Papeete. The French asked Pomare to return. Her reply was highspirited and undiplomatic.

The French really needed a titular monarch. They talked quietly to Salmon. Would Taimai accept the throne? Salmon referred them to the chiefs. In Tahitian eyes, Taimai ranked higher than Aimata. Yes, they would accept Taimai.

There was a dramatic scene when a delegation of chiefs offered her the Crown. Already, Salmon had warned her of what was afoot “Never!” she cried. “Aimata is my sister and my Queen. Never will I betray her. Her place is here.”

One can imagine the harassed chiefs saying that that would be fine, if only she would come here.

Madame Salmon then went to Raiatea, and urged Pomare to return. But Pompare refused again.

She was happy in Raiatea. She hated the French. She still believed that her repeated appeals to her fellow-Queen, Victoria, would bring the British to her 1 side.

In 1845, in continuation of Anglo- French squabbling, Governor Bruat extended his “protectorate” over the islands of Raiatea. Bora Bora and Huahine, and raised the French flag in each. This move was not confirmed for some years; but it was violently resisted in 1845 by the inhabitants—including Pomare.

Princess Taimai and her husband went to Raiatea to help Pomare, in 1845. She now was so poor (the French had seized all her possessions) that the British Government planned to provide her with funds. The Salmons helped her to flee from Raiatea to Moorea, where again she sought asylum.

The Raiateans suspected that the Salmons—who still were urging Pomare to return to her throne— were under-cover agents for the French. The Princess was not—but one is not so sure of Salmon, They were in danger of assassination, for a time. The Raiateans were bitterly anti-French.

Pomare did not like Moorea.

Maybe, the first fever of her lovematch with Tenania had faded.

They were together, on Moorea in 1846 when messengers came again from Princess Taimai. She said the Tahitians desperately needed a Queen, to stand between them and the thrusting and arrogant French.

There was a long message from Alexander Salmon. It now was plain, he said, that the British would not intervene in Oceania, and that France was there to stay.

If Pomare returned, she would be treated as royalty, with all her privileges and adequate allowances.

Pomare IV, penniless and without London aid, admitted defeat, returned to Papeete, accepted the hated Protectorate, and went back to her throne.

Thenceforward, until her death in 1877. she was merely a puppet in the hands of the French; but she remained to the end a gracious and much-loved leader of the Tahitians.

Princess Taimai’s friendship with Pomare IV endured all their lives.

The daughter of Salmon and Taimai, Marau (who lived until 1935), married the son of Pomare, who became Pomare V and the last king of Tahiti.

In 1855, Taimai Salmon succeeded her grandfather Tati and was chiefess of Papara for 35 years. She died in 1897. She was a gifted administrator —making the district “one of the richest and most prosperout in Tahiti” —and was succeeded by her son Tati as chief of Papara in 1890.

Alexander and Madame Salmon enjoyed always the confidence and warm friendship of the French.

Crossquiz Solution From P. 82

101 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Cargo Vessels

Photo shows the 60 feet K Class Copra Vessel, built by us for Steamships Trading Co. Ltd. of Port Moresby, here carrying 420 bags of copra on a draft of only 5 feet 6 inches These vessels and also 40 feet Army Workboats are in regular production in our yards.

For all types of Island vessels BJARNE HALVORSEN LTD.

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PAPUA & NEW GUINEA AGENTS:

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101 WICKHAM STREET, VALLEY, QUEENSLAND P.O. Box 193, Port Moresby 102 SEPTEMBER. 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Pacific Shipping And Cruising Yachts

Last month we mentioned that the one-time Fiji Governent vessel <( Viti” was to be chartered for an oceanic survey uise to French Polynesian waters. On September 1, HMNZS Endeavour”, New Zealand’s Antarctic supply ship, was also to ive Auckland with four DSIR scientists to visit Raoul, Suva, iue, Apia, Palmerston atoll, Aitutaki, Rarotonga and Mangaia the course of a scientific cruise, involving work afloat and hore.

GNETIC measurements were one of the sea projects.

Obsolete naval ammunition to be landed at several islands ■eef-blasting purposes. >m San Diego, California, the ■ton 213-ft former US Navy e-and-salvage ship Argo, now r control of the University lalifornia’s Scripps Institution ceanography, was to sail late st on what is known as the ;oon Expedition to the Indian n via the South West Pacific. : 20 vessels of several nations ling the USSR will be engaged e Indian Ocean section of this lition in a major drive to asle every kind of information lis little investigated ocean. io has a crew of 31 and a bific party of 24.

DN THE WAY: Off on an lition of another sort in st, the former Union Steam- Company 11,037-ton passenger Monowai was heading for a kong ship-breaker’s yard. The I, whose last commercial voyage was an Islands cruise in June, was manned at Wellington on August 11 by a Chinese crew of 47, and a European delivery master, Captain S. M. Barling. The ship will probably have completed her final voyage when this appears.

At the other end of her life span, the New Zealand Government vessel Moana Roa for the Cook Islands service was scheduled to commence her delivery voyage from the UK on August 29, arrive at Rarotonga via Panama and Papeete on October 3, and at Auckland on October 12.

It was announced in August that the post of Purser will go to an Australian, Mr. M. L. Boyle, who has spent six years in the supply and secretariat branch of the Royal Australian Navy. He is 28 and has been with a government department in Wellington for the past two years. He was to make a voyage in the retiring vessel Maui Pomare to acquaint himself with the job before joining the new ship.

Mr. Dan McMahon mentioned in July PIM as possibly joining this ship as Radio Officer for the delivery voyage, reports that he has in fact now joined. At the time of writing from the Grangemouth shipyard he said that he and Mrs.

McMahon—who went to Europe on a holiday trip—had “just done England, Paris, and Ireland, and are now being ‘done’ by the Scots!”

Apart from the cramped radio station Mr. McMahon reports enthusiastically on the new ship and her amenities and general finish.

Over 6,000 visitors toured the vessel when she was open to the public upon completion. She has a cruising speed of 11 knots. The 40 passengers for the run out were mainly single men immigrants for New Zealand. • LUCKY CATCH: When the 1,215-ton Maui Pomare hove in her The News This Month ;ula inian Reefer en Anzao ;tl i ee Dolphin :hita Manus ?our light a a van Oldenlevelt vai b mi Margrethe Su vai Moana Roa Maui Pomare Melanesien Margaret Marie Celine Northumberland Nina Pacific Enterprise Penella Rejoice Romayne Stardust (Yacht) Stardust (Fairmile) Slevik Staghound Si Ye Pambili Shamrock Silver Cloud Sea Fever September Song Tovata Te Matai Tiburon Tahoe Viti Venture Wild Goose II Wanderer Wanderer 111 Whence The 35-ft cruising yacht "Arewa", photographed here in Nukualofa, Tonga, in July after a hard passage from Whangarei, NZ.

Aboard were owners, Gerald and Mary Hunter, and crewmen Cliff Cook, Dennis Bolton and Robin Candy. After Tonga they expected to make calls in Samoa, Fiji, New Caledonia, before returning to NZ.

Photo: Blakely.

The "Pacific Enterprise", a new tanker soon to be seen in the South West Pacific. Details are on page 109. 103 3 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

i a i H Ballina, Richmond River , N.S.W.

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on departure from Aitutaki ily she brought up another r and cable, believed to be one ost herself seven or eight ago. »ig anchor which has not so >een recovered is that lost ;ide the Suva main wharf on it 13, 1959, by the 19,787-ton l liner Johan van Oldenbarnes she was heaving up prior to ture. A diver attached a pilot 0 the anchor immediately to its position, but it was deeply Ided in mud and the cable not be reshackled so the liner without it. subsequent days the 8-ton r sank steadily deeper in the lud, and by the time that the writers had instituted salvage bions it was so deep that no nent available in Suva could ?r it. It is now thought to be ;low the mud surface and may be recovered. The replacevalue was estimated at £5OO. ’RAWLERS AND LONG- RS; With Japanese fishing s very much in the news in 1 Pacific and Australasian s a great deal of confusion is d by many of the leading )apers referring loosely to all vessels as trawlers. ; vast majority of Japanese ig vessels operating in these s are tuna longliners. They ut their floating lines on the high seas in very deep waters, and, except for shelter for some particular reason such as to transfer fish to a mothership—they have no need or inducement to fish inshore. Their best earnings lie in tuna-type fish which are available on the open oceans far from land, They do not carry trawling equipment and most of them could not possibly find room for such gear in addition to their longlines, buoys, and bamboo marker beacons. They range from about 80 to 150-tons in the case of boats working with motherships, to 250 to 600-tons for vessels sailing independently from Japan.

Trawlers on the other hand have appeared in New Zealand and Australian nearby waters only since the beginning of 1959 and there are very few of these operating, These are the only vessels which are likely to want to fish within territorial limits, as their operations are carried out to a maximum depth of not much more than 200 fathoms, using nets which either drag along the bottom or are hauled along at some shallower intermediate depth as mid-water trawls, They are also the only vessels seeking fish of types caught by New Zealand fishermen—though blue-fin tuna fishing is done round Australia by Australian fishermen.

Ranging from 1,000-tons upwards they are considerably larger than the longliners.

In short, it is the operations of [?]g Watch, 1960 'le Annual Dog Watch, 1960 el, was published in August the Shiplovers’ Society of oria for the Shiplovers ’ eties of Australia. It cons, as all the previous issues 2 done, an interesting collecof yarns and articles gned for and written by e who are interested in the and in ships, ancient or ern. \e indefatigable Captain :t Milder, of BP’s " Tulagi”, tributes to this issue, too, i on article on “Shellwork ; Hobby”. lis is the 17th Dog Watch. No. ode its appearance in 1943 roneoed fob with a printed r but no pictures. The 1960 Ition to the family is a vastly irior effort —well printed, full pictures, and of course, irtisennents. But like everyg else, the price has got er, too. Five shillings is the e this year, and not after such a vast amount for a 'azine of this sort in 1960. ies may be obtained from csellers or direct from the olovers’ Society of Victoria, ), Box 1169 K, Melbourne, 105 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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LW SERIES—S SIZES. 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 B.H.P. at 1300 R.P.M.

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GUARANTEED Sole Distributors for: — Vauxhall Cars Bedford Trucks Chevrolet Cars Rover Cars Land Rovers Frigidaire Refrigerators Johnson Outboard Motors Firestone Tyres Vesta Batteries Coseley Prefab. Buildings Allis Chalmers Tractors MILLERS LIMITED, G.P.O. Box 296, Suva Priestman Excavators "Coles" Diesel Electric Cranes Galion Graders Taylor "Jumbo" Cranes Broomwade Compressors Ruston & Hornsby Engines Hoover Appliances Belling Electric Stoves B.A.L.M. Paints G.E.C. Radios S.K.F. Ball Bearings Suva & Lautoka, Fiji Cables: “LUMBA”, Suva trawlers—the shallow-water s fishing for non-pelagic types sh —which the Australasian men need watch. There is no iary inducement for longto fish for other than tuna, if they were equipped to e other types of fishing; and are not sought in inshore s. gliners may, and do, fish close the coasts of many Pacific is, however, because these Is are almost all devoid of Dastal shallows which form the lental shelves and the best ,ng grounds of Australia and Zealand. Tuna, a migratory ar-ranging fish, will be found inshore under these conditions.

"He Week-End Rush: The

le branch of Fiji Customs rtment—the Harbour Master’s on —is not very happy about ng conditions. Unlike the Customs section proper, they receive no overtime but work on an all-in system—and are in fact quite literally all-in after a rush of overseas shipping, when they are up at all hours for days on end piloting and berthing, handling lines, etc.

To add to the grievance, all the big rushes seem to come at the week-ends. There were some particularly busy periods in July and August when a large number of calls were made by Japanese motherships and by fishing vessels with damage or sickness, together with other overseas ships. • SALVAGE LIEN: According to a New Zealand report, the “surviving” barge of the pair which the Tonga Government’s tug Hifofua attempted unsuccessfully to tow across the Tasman some time ago, was released to its owners, Cleveland Bridge & Dorman Long Ltd., after an insurance company had posted a bond to cover a salvage claim made by the Tonga Government.

The salvage claim arose from the fact that after the tug lost the barge in heavy weather in mid- Tasman, it relocated it and took it in tow again as salvage—the original towage contract being considered void through Act of God. The owners can now make other arrangements for the delivery of the barge from New Plymouth, NZ, to Tasmania. But there will presumably still be legal argument [?]b Grant, who suffered severe burns in [?] 1957, in a fire aboard the trading [?]"Ve Tega" in the New Hebrides and [?]er flown to a New Zealand hospital, [?]ports from Honolulu. He married a [?]nurse, Marie Calvert, and the pair, [?]n Auckland yachtsman, sailed from [?]d for Samoa, Tahiti, and Hawaii in [?], 1958, where they are settled with Bob [?]ob, but still living aboard "Typee''. [?]w has a 14-month-old son, seen here [?]m. The Grant family is likely to be the South Pacific again some day.

These were the men manning the [?]ia yacht "Babboon" which cleared Suva [?] late July. From left: Maxwell Hoeflich, MacPherson (sailing master), Charlie [?]n (front), and Gene Laughlin (navigator). 107 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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8713 whether salvage can be d by the tug owners.

C”S THAT MAN AGAIN; i Johnson seems to be headr salt water again—and that mean news, for Mr. Johnname has always been quite linked with maritime its. The ex-subchaser in he drifted from near Hawaii ir Fiji, now stripped of all s, lies at the Whippy boatin Suva, but the last vessel ich Johnson put to sea from V in March, 1956, the Hongmilt fishing junk, ended in small pieces a few hours after Since then Johnson has n the war-surplus business at ale, NSW. low hear that he has acquired 1 hull 41-ft x 13-ft and is ng to fit it out in his spare 10 who knows! The Solomons *e he delivered two other trading craft and sold them— e him again. An argumentive crew provided some diversion liara on the occasion of his sit. 3R VILA: The Whippy yard a was to launch in September t x 10-ft launch of sturdy action for Burns Philp (New les) Ltd. It was to have a carrying capacity of 5-tons 20-hp Simplex petrol engine power unit. The launch will pped to Vila as deck cargo. • ON THE BEACH: Towed to the breakers yard together with the Johnson boat Tovata (ex Purple Sea ex SC-671) last January, the hull of what was the 140-ton Carpenter vessel Komawai, made another sea voyage in early August which will almost certainly be her , The hull has changed hands several times this year and is now owned by Captain M. Whippy, master of the Fiji vessel Ai Sokula.

He has had the hull towed by a Levuka launch to his Yanutha Island property where he will break it up and make use of the good timber.

• Master Sought: The

British Administration in the New Hebrides was advertising in August for a master, Foreign Going certificate for preference, for its 68-ft patrol craft. Burns Philp were acting as agents for receiving applications. • TANKER FOR SW PACIFIC- A newcomer soon to be seen around the SW Pacific will be the tanker recently acquired by the S. Berg Shipping Pty. Ltd., of Sydney, which will be operated on behalf of the Vacuum Oil Co. (The Berg Company operates the 297-tons Kurimarau out of Suva, mainly in the drum oil trade to nearby groups).

The tanker has been renamed Pacific Enterprise. (Since she was launched eight years ago she has been operating as Harold and registered in Rotterdam). (Over) [?]cht "Wanderer", which was in a in August. See story on page 117.

Photo: R. D. Moore. 109 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Taikoo Dockyard

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"HERVAR", one of two motor cargo vessels built for Messrs.

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"TARAWERA", all refrigerated motor cargo vessel built for the Union Steam Ship Co. of New Zealand Ltd. ■ '.’-Vi . , 111 Right: "LUNG SHAN", one of two bunkering vessels built to the order of Shell Tankers Ltd., for use in Hong Kong, supplying fuel and lubricating oils to ships at harbour moorings.

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Prices are cheapest in Hong Kong NEW ! ! BELL & HOWELL "ELECTRIC EYE" Cameras available in 8 mm. and 16 mm. Cine AND Photo Models 1 BELL & HOWELL 8 mm. and 16 mm. Silent and Sound Projectors and latest models Slide-projectors, etc.

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Ist Floor, 3 Castlereagh St., Sydney. 'Phone BW 5177 'he tanker will be based at Lae, v Guinea, and will service a nber of outport terminals now ag built in the Islands by mum. She will carry supplies motor gasoline and distillate in k to centres in New Guinea, Gilbert & Ellice Islands, the v Hebrides and the British Dmon Islands. he is 193-feet long and has a ed of 10i-knots. She can carry -tons of petroleum products in cargo tanks and is ideally suited the job because she draws less n 12-feet of water. She carries :rew of 12.

'acific Enterprise arrived in gapore from the United igdom in mid-August for a final t. For a shakedown voyage, she [ carry a cargo of petroleum ducts from Palembang to Wyndham in the north of Western Australia, before inaugurating the Pacific Islands branch inter-island tanker service in late September or early October.

In the initial stages she will carry fuel in bulk to outport terminals now being built at Wewak and Kavieng in NG, at Tarawa in the Gilbert & Ellice Islands and at Vila and Santo in the New Hebrides. She will also service bulk installations at Gizo, Munda and Yandina in the BSIP.

Pacific Enterprise will call at the outport terminal about once every three months and, to maintain the service, she will probably lift supplies from the Vacuum ocean terminals at Lae, Suva and Ducos (in New Caledonia).

The outport terminal at Wewak will have four bulk tanks—two for aviation gasoline with a capacity of 70,000-gallons each; one for motor gasoline with a capacity of 70,000gallons and the fourth for distillate to hold 35,000-gallons.

The Kavieng terminal will have two tanks 70,000-gallons for distillate and 35,000-gallons for motor gasoline; there will be one tank at Tarawa—B7,soo-gallons for distillate.

In the New Hebrides, Vila and Santo will each have two bulk tanks for motor gasoline and distillate.

Each terminal will be linked to the tanker mooring by a pipeline which will be able to handle discharge at a rate of up to 30,000gallons an hour.

The terminals will service their local areas with tank trucks and their outcentres with drums for which special cleaning and filling facilities are being installed. • BUSY TIME AT RARO- TONGA: When the Argentinian Reefer and the Maui Pomare sailed The new "Slevik", which has been in New Guinea on her maiden voyage. See page 117.

On Slovacek of the Sydney yacht "Janis" is on a lone-handed cruise through the [?]nds. Mr. Slovacek was employed on a [?]-known Papuan rubber plantation a few years ago. 111

C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

Philips Model AG 9124 I* a 4-speed gramophone ol outstanding quality, with a simply operated universal record-changer and a high quality amplifier and loudspeaker. 2 <27 Three in Harmony It’s the perfect combination lor home entertainment • a radio, a record player, and a collection of your favourite records.

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Other Famous W. C. DOUGLASS LIMITED, FOVEAUX STREET, SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA. ii«»* m Rarotonga on August 13, they 1 loaded between them a total of 525 cases of citrus, 23,939 cases tomatoes, and 382 cases of other its. it first it was thought that the ps would not be able to take as ich cargo as they did, and as at ‘ present time there is an mdance of citrus and tomatoes the Cooks, the Rarotongan Radio d for some days been trying to ;ice passing ships to call for aatoes.

JSS Northumberland very nearly swered the call, but at the last ment, after numerous messages ;ween the owners, the captain d Rarotonga, decided not to Dart from her schedule. r ruit picking was restricted, but at was picked was able to be pped.

* More Trouble For

ARDUST ; This Fairmile, owned d skippered by Mr. Richard iith, of Sydney, which first :ered PIM’s pages in mid-1959 en it was announced that a crew amateurs would cruise in her to } West Indies from Sydney (she 3 spent most of the time since Fiji), was in trouble again in •ly August in the Cook Islands, jeaving Pago Pago on July 22 ind for Tahiti, Stardust ran into 1 luck as well as bad weather, avy seas loosening her top superucture and short of fuel and sh water, and 400 miles off irse she headed for Aitutaki, then itinued on to Rarotonga. 5he arrived at Rarotonga late Jdnesday afternoon, August 3, d immediately faced difficulties, ing short of fuel, she could not nply with the Cook Islands Plant arantine Regulations, in that a >sel coming from an area where dnoceros beetle was known to be, ist stand a mile off shore for 2 period from 15 minutes before iset until 15 minutes after sune. After an anxious couple of urs Mr. Smith was able to obtain 5l and stand off shore as he was luired to do, rhursday also brought its mbles, for when attempting to weigh anchor in the evening, it was found that it had fouled on the harbour bed. It was suggested that the skipper leave his anchor marked by a buoy, but reluctant to put to sea without it. Mr. Smith continued his efforts to free it. Finally, at 8 p.m. the anchor was abandoned and the vessel put out to sea.

Friday afternoon found Mr.

Smith appearing in the High Court charged with a breach of Quarantine Regulations, in that Stardust did not stand at least a mile off shore for the required period the previous night, and as a result he was fined £3. An Agricultural Oificer giving evidence said that at the present time Rarotonga was free of Rhinoceros beetle, and breaches of the regulations which could lead to the entry of the beetle into the Cook Islands had to be regarded as serious.

Saturday afternoon, after recovering its anchor from the Avatiu [?]rdust" —in the news again. See below.

Photo: R. D. Moore. 113 iCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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KBS rbour bottom, Stardust sailed for tiiti, taking a cargo of tomatoes behalf of the Rarotonga Coirative Marketing Society.

Ir. Smith’s impressions of the )k Islands can well be imagined.

Trawler Delivered: A

year-old standard 45-ft wooden •ttish seine-net fishing trawler tmed by 10 persons arrived at ;kland on August 16 from ithwick, Sussex, having left the er port last November 24. After sing through Panama Canal the sel called at the Galapagos, rquesas, Papeete and Rarotonga, j owner-skipper, Lester Royle, Australian, was accompanied by wife Pamela and eight men cted from 300 applicants for the very trip. he trawler is equipped with a r cylinder 300-hp diesel motor well as auxiliary sails and is j being offered for sale at ;15,000. Originally named innyfold, the craft was renamed rdeen Anzac when purchased the Royles.

FOR DISPOSAL: The Fiji was calling tenders in August for its vessels Adi i and Venture. The former was t by the PWD at Suva in 1927, isures 531-ft x 14|-ft x 61-ft and wooden vessel, copper sheathed, i a 72-hp Gardner diesel. She a gross tonnage of 49 and a net aage of 34 and has been used for eral government transport of :ials and cargo. enture, a smaller vessel measur- -45-ft x 12*-ft x 51-ft, was built Auckland in 1936 and is of 27- 3 gross and 13 nett. Both craft e been laid up for some months.

Interesting Italian

ITOR: An interesting visitor to :ualofa, Suva, and Noumea in :ust, on a cruise from Melbourne Sydney, was the Genoastered one-class passenger liner elia, first Italian vessel to ear in the Pacific Islands cruise ie in post-war years—and sibly the first ever, though ian vessels regularly call at ieete on the regular Australiaope passenger run. urelia was built in Germany in l as a cargo-and-passenger ;el for German owners and led Huascaran. When war broke she was converted to service as U-boat mothership, and was ■ioned in Norwegian waters after way fell. At the end of the ' she was seized as a war prize i became the Canadian vessel werhrae in 1947. In 1953 she i purchased by her present lers, Cia, Genovese d’Armamento, Genoa—known as the Cogedar e for short—and completely relt to the most modern standards. ; is a handsome vessel both in ward appearance, with white 1 and moderately streamlined file, and in her internal appointments. A feature of the decorations are the huge photographs of scenes on the Italian Riviera in the public rooms and companionways.

The ship was commanded by Captain Alessandro Tortora. He said in Suva that the company owns two other similarly converted vessels. One, the 8,000-ton Flaminia (ex Genova) , is on the Australia- West Germany run with Aurelia.

The other is chartered to Messagenes Mari times and operates under the French flag between France and Australia via Pacific ports as Melanesien ex Bianca-C, ex Assuncion, ex Indrapoera, built 1925. She was completely modernised ? n Poc I Q'^ ase Italian company m 1958.

Captain Tortora said that his company plans to build two new ships and to place one of its fleet entirely in the cruise trade. Another Islands cruise will probably be made next year.

Fares for the present 16-day circuit from Melbourne ranged from £AI2S to £AISO. She carried 650 passengers, mainly Australian, and 185 ship’s personnel, almost all Italian but including a few Germans,

• Improved Safety In

SAMOA: All Home Trade ships and Inter Island trade ships registered in Western Samoa are now required to be equipped with radio transmitters and receivers. Western Samoa thus probably becomes the first South Pacific territory legally requiring this safety measure.

The necessary radio equipment has been made available by the Government, so there can be no default on that score (Over) 115 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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• Maiden Voyage Of New

, EVIK : The new Slevik completed r delivery voyage from Europe to ibaul in August, picked up some rs from the Thompson and right timber lease at Cape »skins and took them to Sydney. the end of the month she was sparing for her first north-bound page—-this time to Lae, with 100 ad of cattle. rhe smart new vessel was built Germany, can carry 1,000 tons of light and has been specially dened for carrying cattle (northand) and logs (southbound). len and if required she will also :ry some general cargo. Her icers are Norwegian and crew inese. The vessel is owned by rlander (NG) Line and F. H. jphens Pty. Ltd. are Australasian leral managers. Elilzdbeth Boye, the same line, is already operatjin New Guinea waters. (The ginal Slevik was under charter Eriama Estates Ltd. of Papua ■ some time and was also engaged the cattle and timber trade; but 3 was sold to South Australian erests about a year ago).

U present there is one timber mpa n y operating at Cape skins, New Britain, but recently ; Administration put another ge timber lease in the same area for tender. The availability of ship that can go right in and k up logs for transportation ect to Australia would be a big :tor in the plans of any ispective tenderer. ws of Cruising Yachts WILD GOOSE 11, the big Seattle motor ht which was in Papeete recently, is arently a converted American naval S type, similar to the French naval ft now stationed in the South Pacific similar to the Pago Pago vessel NU’A TELE. (For later news of a misto this vessel see Pacific Report ion.) ADIOS and the Steeles, who passed >ugh the Islands some time back, were Darwin in August and likely to remain re for some time.

STAGHOUND, which cruised westward jugh the Islands as far as Noumea Her this year, was doubling back from re to Papeete in July-August.

MARGARET, the New Zealand yacht ch was reported overdue last month, y arrived at Papeete.

INA, GALATEA, MARIE CELINE, AHNEE, IWA, KYALAMI, TE MATAI, SI YE PAMBILI were all reported at icete early in August, i TE MATAI mentioned above, was reted from the Cooks to be owned by Mr. »ert Fraser of Honolulu and of 78 tons ss. Prior to arriving at Penrhyn the ht had blown out mainsail and jib. i PENELLA, of England, with Groupitain W. E. Rankin, RAF, and Mrs. ikin aboard, arrived at Suva August 9, i to do several weeks of local cruising, n head for New Caledonia. The yacht i 40 ft. x 11 ft. x 5 ft. staysail schooner. >up-Captain Rankin trained as a RAAF •t at Point Cook, Victoria, in 1930 I the next year transferred to the RAF ere he served until retirement in 1958, He married in England and he and his wife Dorrie have five children—two sons in the RAF, and three daughters married and living respectively in Montreal, Melbourne and Capetown. That’s the object of this cruise—to visit the children. Cruise was started from UK in December, 1958, and Pacific was entered at Balboa this January.

Since then they have visited Galapagos, Marquesas, Society Islands, Samoa and Fiji.

Next port will be Noumea and then Australia for six months before leaving for South Africa. • SHAMROCK of Wellington and SILVER CLOUD of Auckland departed for Noumea and Vila respectively from Suva on August 9. • NINA of Auckland cleared Suva August 16 for Noumea. Her owners, the Buckthought family, had £4O stolen from them while at a Fiji beach resort. • AREWA also cleared Suva August 16 for Vila. This 34-ft. cutter with Gerald and Mary Hunter, Clifford Cook, Denis Bolton and Robin Candy aboard, had called at Nukualofa, Pago Pago and Vavau before arriving at Suva. Gerald Hunter cruised to Norfolk Island from Auckland as a crewman in MANAWANUI In 1948. • TIBURON of the US, with Ed Vessey and his new wife aboard, arrived at Suva August 22 when inquiries were about to be made regarding his whereabouts. He had advised Suva from Apia under date of August 8 that he was leaving there within two or three days of that date, so was considered overdue. He had called at Niuafoou, Tonga, en route. • REJOICE, schooner of Santa Barbara; TAHOE of Vancouver; KAREN MAR- GRETHE, ketch of San Diego; LANG SU of Newport; and BORRACHITA of Santa Cruz, Mexico, were all in Papeete in mid- August according to a brief report. • WANDERER arrived at Rarotonga on August 15 from Tahiti. Tom Buchanan (skipper) and Pat Ganley, both of Auckland, are on the last stages of their journey home to NZ. The yacht carries one passenger, R. McCarthy, an American.

The yacht intended to leave Rarotonga near the end of August, and will visit Tonga and Fiji before returning to Auckland. Mrs. Buchanan, the skipper’s wife, has flown up from Auckland and will join the yacht in Suva. • WANDERER 111, of England, with owners Eric and Mrs. Hiscock spent a week in Nukualofa mid-August and last report was that they were then heading towards Suva. • KELPIE, 63 ft. schooner from Newport, Calif., arrived Honolulu July 25, 13 days out of Bora Bora. Skipper George Minney and crew of six plan on heading back home shortly. Left August 16. • CARLA MANUS departed Honolulu midnight July 27, bound for San Francisco via Kauai. • FREE FLIGHT, 34 ft. Atkins ketch of Newport, Calif., arrived Honolulu 22 days out. Ron Linderman and crew of Allen Desatoff, Pete Smllie, and Bob Silver plan on heading south. • KOAE, ketch, of Seattle, Washington, with Mr. and Mrs. Taylor and Chuck Kennedy aboard arrived Honolulu 30 days out of Bora Bora on July 28. They left for home on August 15. • SEA FEVER, 42 ft. Ed Monk-designed ketch, Larry and Margaret Alexander, son John, 6, and two crewmen aboard, arrived Honolulu July 28. They made the run from San Diego to Hilo in 17 days. Eventually will continue on to Tahiti and New Zealand. • BLACK DOLPHIN, 40 ft. ketch of San Diego with Bill and Marion Rumsey and sons Tommy and Billy arrived Honolulu 24 days out of San Diego, on July 28. • KOCHAB, 40 ft. ketch of London, with Dr. John Evans and crew Dick Pohe departed Honolulu bound for San Diego on July 31. • ROMAYNE departed Honolulu for Vancouver, BC, on July 31. • STARDUST, 34 ft. ketch of Santa Barbara, Calif., with Louis and Jesse Bendixsen and crew Kenneth Bendixsen, arrived Honolulu August 9—22 days out of San Diego. Stardust will remain in Honolulu for the present. (But there is sure to be some confusion between this one and the converted Fairmile of same name, now in Papeete—see page 113.) • SEPTEMBER SONG: This 33 ft. sloop sailed by an American couple, Dr. and Mrs.

W. M. Lee, which has twice in recent months been reported overdue, was in Madang, NG, on August 22. The slooo was the subject of a search late June when she was thought to be overdue in Wewak from Hollandia. It was called off early July when Hollandia reported that the yacht was headed for Fiji. In early August, ships in BSIP waters were asked to keep a lookout as the vessel had not arrived in Fiji. It appears that after leaving Hollandia, the yacht ran into a 12-day storm off the New Ireland coast and was swept by westerly currents. The Lees decided to turn south-west to Wewak and from there were sent on to Madang which has a couple of slipways. It seems they may be there some time while repairs are made. They bought the yacht in Hongkong and left there in April, 1959. Their route after leaving Madang is expected to be through the Barrier Reef to Australia (where they have a daughter), then Fiji, Tahiti, Honolulu, down the US coast, through Panama and across the Atlantic to England. • WHENCE of Florida, left Suva, August 9. for Beqa and Vila, in continuation of the westbound cruise. 117 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Next to myself I like B.V.D. best 118 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Pacific Report The month’s round-up of news and pictures of people and ;vents, from PIM correspondents in the South Pacific.

Lost: Big Sea arch Fails ,NZAF Sunderland flying-boats n Laucala Bay, Fiji, and from jsonville, Auckland, made a wide 'unsuccessful search for a vessel the Japan Marine Products ;hership tuna fleet south of Fiji the end of July and the begin- -- of August. She carried 22 men. ue to some misunderstanding in request for the search made to RNZAF by the Japanese Govment, it was wrongly reported b two fishing vessels were missflien the mothership Nojima -it, came in to Suva for bunkos August 2 it was learned that the sing vessel was the modern, steel, ;on Chitose Maru No. 1, corned only in April, he had sailed for the South iflc from her home port of ihama on June 9, had discharged irgo of fish into the mothership t of Fiji on July 18, and had i headed south to an area about miles south south-west of Suva 400 miles roughly north of New land. .. , 0 radio contact with the vessel been expected by the mother- > for the first 24 hours, but some cern was felt when she failed nake contact on the second day. he longliner was also supposed iave a regular daily contact direct 1 her home station in Japan, he business manager of the hership fleet. Mr. Yukio Kato, I in Suva that there was no exlation of the loss. The vessel equipped to the most modern idards. She had separate main emergency transmitters, and i if these failed she was equipped i three or four radio beaconys with low-power transmitters. ; weather at the time of the arent loss of the ship was fine i only very light breezes, he chief refrigeration engineer he mothership said that the only Able explanation of the loss eared to be an explosion, and t the only likely cause of such explosion seemed to be from nonia gas used in the refrigeral machinery. hitose Maru No. 1, unlike many ;r fishing vessels, had such equipment. Such explosions, he said, were extremely rare, but they might explain this and other similar losses.

Last season the same mothership lost the 99-ton, six-year-old Kasugu Maru south of Ocean Island under almost identical circumstances —she failed to make radio contact after leaving the mothership. This did not explain the complete absence of wreckage over both the search areas, unless perhaps a big hole was blown in the bottom of the ship causing her to sink very quickly with all her glass floats and other floatable gear still securely lashed so that it could not break adrift.

This would be logical in the case of a vessel not actually fishing.

It Was Nice To Be Without The Bedbugs, Too The BSIP has begun a malarial eradication programme after the same style as the mosquito spraying programme now going on in Papua- New Guinea. The entire Solomons will be done eventually.

First work has already been completed in the Shortlands, which are close enough to be seen from the New Guinea territory of Bougainville. There is quite a lot of native movements between the two areas, despite difference in Government, so the BSIP and P-NG Governments got together on a combined scheme to help both areas at once.

Spraying teams will work through the Western Solomons to the other areas. They spray the inside walls of houses.

After the Shortlands spraying was finished, a local Government newsletter commented, “The villagers in the Shortlands noticed some very good things soon after the spraying finished, because the medicine killed a great many flies, cockroaches and bed bugs These will come back but it is nice to be without them, even for a few weeks.”

Important Precedent For Fiji Labour Following some months of quiet negotiation between the Fiji Public Works Department Employee’s Union and the PWD, an agreement involving important improvements in labour conditions for the Department’s workers was announced on August 6.

As a result of the dispute in the oil distribution industry last year, and the subsequent award of improved conditions in that private SANTO SCENE; Work has begun on a new store for Burns Philp, at Santo, New Nebndes. lt will replace one destroyed by fire last year, and has a pleasant outlook Son to will cost about £60,000. Burns Philp in the New Hebrides is also spending another £30,000 to build five new homes for employees in the Condominium. One at Vila, was lost in the hurricane at the beginning of the year. 119 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

SINCE 1924 ★ Columbine Caramels ★ Macßobertson's Confectionery ★ Lifeguard Condensed Milk ★ Keidon Canned Meat ★ Preservene Soap Products ★ Mac's Lilydale Cider ★ Twisties Cheese Krackle Snaps ★ Wing Lee Chinese Foods Available at all Leading Stores throughout the Pacific Export Agents for Pacific Islands: S. E. TATHAM & CO. PTY. LTD.

Phone: 60-1125 414 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE Cables: "Set", Melbourne ★ Buyers and Shippers ★ Pacific Island Traders

For The Comfort And Convenience Of

power / OQ We feature here one of our most popular diesel sets for application to the average bungalow, which is available in 240 or 110 volts A.C. current. All sets are tropicproofed electrically and are simple to install Skilled labour is not red req jt BRAYBON P BROS Pty. Ltd. 27-33 WASHINGTON ST„ SYDNEY Telephone MA 6853 PRICE: £325 TELEGRAMS: "Brayboman F. 0.8. Sydney. (Push Button, Electric Start Model.)

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120 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLT

Captain W. L. Kennedy

(Established 1931)

Shipbrokers, Business Cr Real Estate

32-34 Bridge Street, Sydney 'Phone: BU 3797. Cables: “CAPKEN,” Sydney.

LISTING: CARGO VESSEL, steel, 220 tons deadweight cargo, Heavy Duty diesel aft, 9.5 knots, two electric winches, two hatches, one hold. In Class, £15,000. Owner w negotiate to deliver to buyers’ port.

CARGO VESSEL, 115 ft. x 25 ft., aux. Ketch, excellent accommodation aft, H.D. diesel aft, hold 10,000 cu. ft., two large hatches, hydraulic winch, in Commonwealth Survey, £20,000, consider offer.

AUXILIARY CARGO KETCH, carry about 100 tons, BL3 Gardner diesel With bridge control. Until recently held Commonwealth Certificate, £5,000.

CARGO KETCH, 56 ft. x 15 ft., in excellent condition, diesel engine aft, large hatch, copper sheathed, £8,500.

EX-ARMY TYPE WORKBOAT, 40 ft. x 12.6 ft., 6LW Gardner marine diesel, sheathed, in good all-round condition, £2,750.

WE HAVE SEVERAL NEW 40 FT, HULLS under construction. In some these can be finished to buyers requirements. Further details on application.

We shall be pleased to obtain independent Surveys subsequently arrange delivery either on ship s of any craft we offer and deck or sea as desired. ustry, the PWD agreed to an rease in the basic rate of pay its employees. Such improvers were inevitable. The PWD •kers were seeking other imvements in conditions and, owing lengthy negotiations, have r been granted some of them, erhaps the most important adce is the introduction of umulated sick leave for hourly i workers. Where formerly such worker became an in-patient in ospital he received no compensai at all. nother clause covers pay rates workmen who are transferred a one job to another within the lartment. bonus rate has also been introed for men working under wet or ;cially dirty conditions, and *e is a similar bonus rate for i handling certain special tools, he new concessions can be scted to have their repercussions jrivate industry. >ks Co-operatives "An imple To Others" r V. D. Stace, economist for South Pacific Commission and t author of the economic and al survey of the Cook Islands, le together with Professor Belv in 1955, revisited the group in mainly to study progress in sing and in co-operatives, r Stace said before leaving otonga that the sound basis and dy expansion of co-operatives in Cooks under the wise and exenced leadership of Mr. J. L. kes (now retired) had already vn other territories that co- •ation has a very important part >lay in the Pacific Islands, feel I should mention especially enlightened attitude of some of trading firms in the Cook ads towards the development of •peratives,” Mr. Stace said.

This attitude is refreshingly difnt from the entrenched opposisometimes encountered elsere.” r. Stace also noted that this is only Pacific territory where the ciples and methods of co-operawere taught in the schools, r. Stace expressed the hope that re many months the first steps Id be taken to establish the Depment Committee in line with recommendations made in 1955, reby there could be closer liaison reen government departmental is in co-ordinating policies and slopment activities, r. Stace was also making a gensurvey of capital formation in 3PC territories. 5 part of this he has been inigating the promotion of savings investment among Islanders bv ial methods; the provision of term loans for productive pur- :s; the use of development Is. marketing boards, special s for development purposes, etc.; special help to Islanders in agriculture; methods of encouraging investment in local industries to promote employment for Islanders; cooperative societies, credit unions, etc., and the direct use of labour in capital formation on plantations.

Death Comes to a Lone Hander Guy Clabaut, doughty French “lone-handed yachtsman” who sailed from Morocco to New Caledonia alone in his tiny Eole via Tahiti and Rarotonga, in Noumea in late August sailed on his last voyage. He passed away at the Noumean hospital where he had been a patient for two months.

Death was due to the privations of his voyage.

Guy Clabaut during the war fought with the Free French naval forces and was badly wounded. He spent three years in hospital and never regained his former good health.

In Morocco he built a small vessel, 30 feet by 9 ft, called it Eole (God of the Wind) and decided to sail around the world alone.

He crossed the Atlantic and arrived at Tahiti last year where ill health forced a stay of eight months.

After convalescence Clabaut set sail for New Caledonia touching at Rarotonga on the way.

On June 24 he landed at Mare Island, southernmost of the Loyalties, gravely ill.

He was flown urgently to Noumea where in hospital he showed signs of improvement. However the strain and hardships of the lone voyage was too much for his war broken health, and he died on August 22.

Clabaut’s body was temporarily laid to rest in the Noumea cemetery until it can be sent home to Morocco. His funeral service was attended by French Naval ratings and officers and also delegations from New Caledonian sporting clubs.

Eole strained at her moorings in the yacht club bay near Noumea, under the first stirrings of the Trade Winds.

Controversy Over Stabilisation Money?

When the CSR Company’s Nausori sugar mill closed down at the end of the 1959-60 cane season, there arose the question of refunding moneys which had been deducted from the cane proceeds French Naval ratings carry the coffin of lonehander, Guy Clabaut, from Noumea's Roman Catholic Cathedral in August.

Photo: Fred Dunn. 121

C I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

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122 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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This wonder milk ‘Entration’ purifies the skin, brightens the complexion and melts out all facial dullness. Entration Milk smoothed onto the skin penetrates deeply and on contact with moisture flows out in a gentle milk carrying away all harmful impurities such as blackheads, stale cosmetic pigments and grease plugs, leaving a finer textured, softer, smoother, more beautiful skin than you have ever known.

You will be amazed at the remarkable difference in your complexion after entration treatment, your skin will no longer be dull and patchy but will have taken on a complete new appearance, full of life, wonderfully soft and velvety smooth.

Entration does not leave an oil film or dry your skin and it can be used as often as you wish, on all types of skin and by women of all ages. Your chemist or cosmetic supplier has entration milk. contributions to a stabilisation i over a number of years. There signs that a controversy may cuilding up over the system of nd which has been adopted by government. i all there is about £102,000 for nd and 750 farms are involved, :ing an average payout per farm about £sB—according to figures n in the Fiji Legislative Council ;he Financial Secretary in April, he point at issue is that while •e are 750 farms involved, there apparently a good many more ners. Farm have changed ds during the period, and others ;rted to Native Land reserves on iry of lease. Thus varying amts of the fund belong to the ;essive lessees. The government id that to investigate the situafor each of the 750 farms would out of the question and the sion was made to pay the full l to the farmer actually in session and registered with the ers as a cane supplier on ember 10, 1959. his could mean that in some is a farmer who had taken over lediately before this date would entitled to receive the full £5B, his predecessor of a number of rs who supplied most or all of cane would receive nothing. correspondent reports that in ’s present political and industrial late this could represent the dngs of yet another dispute ;n the payout commences in r ember. ituku Gets a idical Once-over 'he high island of Matuku in the i group of Fiji was the object of intense medical survey in August, ry man, woman, and child being sely examined, blood-tested, and terally given a thorough health ick.

A team of medical practitioners and medical students from all parts of the Pacific who are based at the Central Medical School at Suva, made the survey. It was the third survey of its type in the Fiji Group.

The island of Gau was surveyed in 1958, and Naviti, in the Yasawas, was selected last year.

In addition to checking the health of the population a careful survey of housing, sanitation, and the general environment was also being made.

It is expected that a good deal will be learned when the individual islands are re-surveyed after a lapse of several years.

Tourist Consultant Takes a Look An American economic consultant, Mr. John F. Child, Jnr., a director of the associated firms of John Child and Co. of Honolulu and Child and Waters Inc. of New York, who specialise in the development of tourist resorts, was taking a look through the South Pacific in August.

Mr. Child was mainly interested in Australia and New Zealand but he was taking the opportunity to hold discussions with government and private interests in Fiji, New Caledonia, and Tahiti and to look over possibilities in these areas.

Mr. Child’s firm, which has acted as consultant for some of the largest American tourist interests, has now opened an office in Sydney, TV Importers Receive A Short Circuit A good many people returning to New Zealand from Fiji have been buying English television receivers under bond at Suva and landing them as personal effects at a cost far below that of the New Zealand made sets.

The sets have been subject only to three per cent, import duty. They could be purchased in Fiji for only £7O-£BO Fijian currency. Other sets were being purchased in the dutyfree stores aboard the big passenger liners by New Zealand passengers.

The “leak” raised a howl from the New Zealand manufacturers and in July parliament passed a revision to the Customs regulations raising the duty to 33-1/3 per cent, and charging a 20 per cent, sales tax. In addition all such sets are being impounded unless their owners produce a New Zealand import licence, which would presumably only be granted if the sets are bona fide personal effects and perhaps of a certain duration of ownership.

To cap it all, as from August all TV set owners in the Auckland area have to pay an annual licence fee of £4. The TV service there is on very restricted hours, and as the hours are extended the fee will also be increased.

Italian Cruise Ship

The first Italian liner to appear in the Pacific Island cruise trade since the war—the Genoaregistered "Aurelia" was in Nukualofa, Suva, and Noumea in August. During the war she was a U-boat mothership, but since then she has been completely modernised. Her Italian owners intend to make more Islands cruises.

See page 115. 123 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Logs To Lumber

atAAIMIMUMcost! !& %> WF k\ ss /\ All Caterpillar track-type Tractors are available with Hyster Towing Winches, for increased pull and easier logging even across hills or swamps. The further addition of a Hyster Logging Arch allows a greater volume to be hauled faster and cleaner. £A it i JV o CATERPILLAR Caterpillar and Cal are Registered Trademarks of Caterpillar Tractor Co., O.SA.

For loading logs, Caterpillar builds log and lumber lift forks, interchangeable with the buckets of its Traxcavators. The buckets are useful In road building, sawdust handling and many other jobs.

Whether powering a tractor or a sawmill, a Cat Diesel Engine is a real profit-maker. It burns non-premium fuel without fouling, and it responds quickly to load changes. Its component parts are made for the most severe duty.

The proper choice, application and maintenance of machinery help the logger to operate at minimum cost. Our equipment specialists will gladly supply the facts for your consideration.

HastingOeerini; Full information HASTINGS

(New Guinea)

&l prices from PEERING

Pty. Limited

HD437 Milford Haven Road, Box No. 61 Port Moresby, Papua Box No. 138 Lae, New Guinea Telephone: Lae 2487 Telephone: Kone 4328 124 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Uunl fltabif'iis a "must" for tropical baking % Aunt Mary’s Baking Powder is always fresh and maintains its full strength. It never deteriorates in its airtight container, that’s why your cakes and pastries will have an extra lightness and stay fresh longer when you use Aunt Mary’s Baking Powder. You also cook with the important, and in the tropics, the vital advantage of adding the rising agent when you do your mixing—that is the right time—the best time for sure results.

You’re in for a wonderful treat when you try Aunt Mary’s Tomato Sauce, Tomato Juice, Jellies, Custard, Baked Beans, Spaghetti, Lemon Butter and Canned Soup. rlon Turns The ids in Tahiti ahiti’s prettiest and most nted girls have been swooning over the place lately, hoping to :h the eye of the ex-GI film star •lon Brando who has been there :ing a leading lady for the new \iny of the Bounty film. 3me preliminary shooting was ig done and researchers were r busy at the home of the late man Hall of the Hall and doff team which wrote a trilogy :he mutiny upon which the most ous Bounty film to date was 3d. Mrs. Hall owns an extensive ary of books on the mutiny ected by her late husband. ; is understood that a model of S Bounty will be brought to liti for the shooting of the main les next year. eople who met Brando in Tahiti July-August were surprised to I him a much blonder type than films have lead them to believe, jy also found him pleasant and iroachable. He was stopping at ley Gooding’s new Hotel Lotus Punaauia. je's Woven Goods )de is Expanding ■here is every indication that the nufacture of baskets, table mats, I other similar woven goods at ie Island is at last headed for le degree of prosperity, ome months ago, through the initiative of a government official in taking samples of goods directly to New Zealand firms and in subsequently organising a Niue Weaver’s Association to control production, marketing, and quality of goods, a valuable connection was established with a Christchurch, NZ, firm.

The firm gave a trial order for £250 worth of goods a month. It is anticipated the order will be increased in the near future.

Other outlets are being investigated in New Zealand and also in the United Kingdom, where samples have been taken by another salesman for the Island’s goods who was travelling there on vacation.

Apart from the shopping baskets, sewing baskets, clothes baskets and table mats which have long ’been produced by Niue there would seem to be definite openings in other lines like waste-paper baskets, office correspondence trays fem-stand baskets for Islands hotels to give an Islands atmosphere. Woven screens for use in cafes or restaurants and large woven lampshades might be other possibilities, Two enterprising young men in Fiji have established a profitable business in wrought iron furniture sold largely to hotels. There may be equal opportunities there and perhaps even in Tahiti, for the Niue weavers. (Over) They'll Make Their Own Transistors Surely the only co-operative f its kind in the South Pacific, ie Cook Islands Radio Manuicturing Co-operative Society td. was registered at Rarotonga \ July.

Prime mover in the co-operave is Mr. S. G. Kingan who has derated classes in radio theory, * actice , and operating over the ist year or so and has had >me keen support by Cook landers.

Some of this group have now voided to go into business with r. Kingan in producing a lowest type of transistor receiving t suitable for listening to the arotonga broadcasting station id overseas shortwave stations id within the financial means '■ the average Cook Islander. lans are to produce 200 of the ts, which operate on five andard torch cells, this year.

The co-operative will also irry out general radio servicg work. 125 LY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Cific Islands Mon

If it’s your deal lead with a bottle of Gilbey’s Gin and take tricks for the rest of the evening. There’s something about the clean , fresh taste of Gilbey’s that goes with the game. In the tall bottle or the cool glass — that’s Gin ! order the GILBEY’S!

The International Gin

FreeJ Oilhey s Guide to Cocktails and long drinks that break the ice.

Write to Gilbey’s Limited, Rosslyn Street, West Melbourne, Australia, for your copy.

Don’T Say Gin—-Say Gilbey’S

by the bottle . . .by the case u Saw the Error Of Their Ways At the Seventh-day Adventi outstation at Hambuari, in tl Southern Highlands District Papua, there was a celebration mark the decision of this “figh ingest” of the Huli clans to fini with war. The chief had asked Past L. T. Grieve of the Mission arrange for the Assistant Distr: Officer, Mr. W. Crellin, to be prese and witness the destruction of th( bows and arrows as a public r nunciation.

In his speech, the chief, Pingi, tc the gathering that for a long tir he and his people had been wea of their former ways, especially the constant alarms of war and : consequences. They had by this tir learned something of the laws of t white man and wanted to abide ' them. For this reason they h chosen the mission to provide the with a teacher to help them chan their ways and become law-abidi] people.

Responding with appropriate r minders of the benefits of peace ai the keeping of the law, Mr. Crell congratulated the people on th( decision to renounce war, and e: pressed the hope that many oth groups would follow their example The bundle of weapons, includii women’s arms, was then taken in the centre of the assembly and young man who had undoubted joined in many battles and probab enjoyed every one of them, pr ceeded to cut them up with tomahawk.

When all were rendered useles they were placed in a forked sti« by the side of the main road, I which the station is built, for s passers-by to see the sign of tl people’s renunciation of war.

This is a sign apparently w« understood by the Huli people mean that no armed man can $ by or through that area; arm* men now go around by devious jung tracks in obedience to the messaj of the sign.

Big New Grants For Fiji Institutions Two substantial grants for F; from the Colonial Development Fur have been made by Britain —£162,0( for additions to the War Memorii Hospital in Suva, and £152,000 assist in building the new tecß nical school in Suva (total estimate cost £169,000).

Fiji is going ahead with plai for training its own local-born higll class technicians, and discouragin the introduction of trained pe:; sonnel from abroad.

The new grant brought a wa from Lautoka, where a new hospit: is urgently needed. The Goveric ment replied that provision woifj 126 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Get Paladac from Your Chemist made in the new developmental is for 1961-70 for a new hospital Lautoka to cost £500,000. ia Company Seeks reased Quota he Taiyo Gyogyo (Ocean lery) Comnany of Tokyo, largest ing company in the world, ch operates one of the two tuna :hership fleets in the South :ific each year, has applied to Japan Fishery Agency for an reased South Pacific tuna quota ; year.

'he business manager of the thership Tenyo Maru No. 3 said Suva on August 24 that the ipany was seeking an increase of 10 tons to its permit. The quota present stands at 11,400 tons for 3 company and a similar amount the opposition Nippon Suisan pan Marine Products) Company.

T enyo Maru No. 3 was to hand r her fishing fleet to the cipany’s mothership Koya Maru the end of August and return to >an, but if the additional quota is nted she will probably return the Fiji area on a second assignnt in November.

May Build His Own Hovercraft Fiji may have the South acific’s first hovercraft next ear—somebody hopes.

Mr. Peter Allan, of Suva, who instructed his own Bensonesigned gyroglider early this ear, was off to the Farnborough Ircraft display late in August -it takes place in September— rid he said that he would be iking a close look at aviation’s test arrival, the hovercraft, ith the idea of building one of is own.

Mr. Allan, who is head of iternational Aeradio Co. in iji—the company which prodes radio communications at iji’s smaller airports—said that ve laws governing the flying f aircraft had considerably mited his gyroglider operations, e was only permitted to make thered flights.

The gyroglider derives its ower from a towing vehicle, if the pilot is properly lalified he can release the tow t sufficient altitude and carry i in free flight.

Mr. Allan thinks that the overcraft, which only rises a no inches above the water irface, will be free of limiting igulations and will offer more wrt to an unlicensed pilot.

However, he may be wrong iere, as the hovercraft pilot ill probably need to be :ensed. 127 LCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

r/n?//a/u/ m HELLABY’S

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AUCKLAND Japanese University Team Busy in Tonga A seven man Kyoto University Explorer Club research team which arrived at Nukualofa on July 10 is busily engaged in its research project in Tonga.

According to a Tonga Government statement the programme calls for research into land usage, the collection of botanical specimens, marine life, and archaelogical specimens, the study of folklore, traditional ceremonies, community productivity, arts and crafts, and the Tongan educational system.

In addition the anthropologist in the group, Mr. Yosinaru Huziuka, is to conduct a survey of human weights and heights using what is known as the Rorshach technique.

The project will include a large number of the Tongan islands in its scope, and is expected to be completed by early October when the students will return to Japan.

The party is headed by Professor Yoshihiki Yabuuchi. Professor of Geography, and includes the anthropologist mentioned above, also Mr. Takashi Hasegawa, B.Ag. (specialising in agricultural engineering) ; Mr. Mitsuru Hotta, B.Ag. (specialising in botanical subjects); Mr. Hiroshi lida, student of geographical subjects; Mr.

Naomichi Ishige, archaeologist; and Mr. Bin Okada, educationist and sociologist.

Tonga Broadcasting Soon, Plus Radio Aids The 200 ft, aerial mast f Nukualofa’s first broadcast!] station was being erected in Augu and the 10 k/w transmitter whii had arrived from Australia w being installed.

When the station comes on t: air with test transmissions in t near future it will be heard « 1,020 kc/s in the broadcast band.

A bill to establish a Toni Broadcasting Commission was ii troduced in the Legislative AssemU in August.

Meanwhile, the Tonga Gover ment has ordered from the Unit Kingdom a medium-frequency rac beacon transmitter and a mob radio telephone transmitter to £ in the safe navigation of aircn in the Tongatapu area.

The beacon will be used by eith flying-boats or land aircraft locating the island in poor visibilii and the mobile transmitter can used either in a control launch 1 flying-boats, or in a Land-Rover Fua’amotu Airport for landplane Fiji Council of Chiefs Considers Burns Report The Fiji Council of Chiefs met session from August 16 to Augu 27 and a statement was issued lat which said that five days had bei taken up in considering the Bur Commission recommendations. Ott subjects listed included the sug industry crisis, housing, and educ tional problem.

All resolutions are submitted the Governor and are eventual published as a Council Paper, i sessions of the Council are in p: vate.

New Suva Store Is "The Islands' Largest"

Claimed to be the largest sto in the Pacific Islands, Morris He strom Limited’s new Suva sto was opened on September 1.

Under construction for the ps two years, the store occupies ti site of the old Carpenter premia on the Thomson Street fronts and extends back through the blcr to occupy what used to be tl Walter Horne drapery premises Ren wick Road.

The new building thus adjoin the old MH building which extern along the bank of the NubukalC creek to provide the subject matt for the “Venice of the South Ses photographs. This old building w now be rebuilt to form part of ti one large new building.

The new structure is a two-ston building, with offices and bulk sto age on the upper floor, and tl ground floor laid out with nume, ous display counters and racks 128

September. 1960 Pacific Islands Month Ii

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Up to 78,000 different key combinations ensures that only your key will open your padlock. The shackles are of casehardened steel or all brass, and are available in various lengths. Most Lockwood pin-tumbler padlocks can be “master-keyed”.

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I modem department-store style, [’he new store incorporates a new rellery department, Morris Hedoms having bought out the well Dwn business of Mr. T. C. Widdowi opposite the post office and nsferred the stock to the new re. rhe sales gtfis wear bright yellow iforms—saris in the case of the nan attendants. rhe new building was designed by rnck and Derrick, and built by ‘ Reddy Construction Company of va. ral Route Moves: Latest i The Airlines rEAL’S last surviving Solent flyr-boat made its final flight the Coral Route from Fiji to hiti via Western Samoa and the oks on September 1.

Fhereafter until Electras are ailabie for this route about next irch the old DC6’s. brought out mothballs (where they were BSIP'S Copra Advice: Go On With the Cooking With the copra market Jailing, a sign of the times that Dill bring back some unhappy nemories of pre-war planters is L .his recent announcement in the *Western News”, a monthly lewsletter published by the government in the Western District of the BSIP, mainly for he benefit of the native people: “Now that the price of copra las come down to £65 a ton for Jrade I and £6l a ton for Grade II (August price was £6O for Jrade I), many people are askng why the price changes so nuch, and why it was necessary o alter it in the middle of the nonth. Some even say that the rresent price is no good, and hat they will not cook much '.opra until it is worth more.

Vhis is foolish talk, because at '.65 a ton the price is still quite rood. Try to remember how nuch a ton was paid for copra lefore the war, or ask some of he older men, then you will see oday’s price is very much letter. . . .

“Nobody complains when copra foes up, and everybody complains when it comes down, but emember, even at £6O a ton you an still make a lot of money iy cooking copra”

The Western District last year rroduced 41 per cent, of the Protectorate’s entire copra output, and 72.8 per cent, of this listrict’s production was grown iy the natives. 129 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

f i m HERE’S A QilK I

Solution Touour

I HOT PACKS 16-oz. Vegetables & Steak. 16-oz. Steak & Kidney Pudding. 16-oz. Irish Stew. 16-oz. Vegetables & Sausages. 8-oz. Irish Stew. 8-oz. Vegetables & Steak. 8-oz. Vegetables & Sausages.

Cold Meats

12-oz. Trim (Pork & Beef). 12-oz. Camp Pie. 12-oz. Corned Beef W/C 12-oz. Taper Corned Beef. 6-lb. Taper Corned Beef W/C. 6-lb. Taper Corned Beef. 12-oz. Taper Corned Beef W/C. 12-oz. Al-Tayib Halal Corned Mutton. 12-oz. Al-Tayib Halal Curried Mutton.

Canned Fruits

16-oz. Peaches. 16-oz. Pears. 16-oz. Apricots. 16-oz. Grapes. 16-oz. Two Fruits. 16-oz. Cherries. 16-oz. Loganberries. 16-oz. Gooseberries. 16-oz. Raspberries. 16-oz. Solid Pack Apple. 29-oz. Peaches. 29-oz. Pears. 29-oz. Apricots. 29-oz. Two Fruits. 29- Grapes. 30- Crushed Apples.

"Rivermede" Butter

Fruit Juices

16-oz. "Berri" Tomato Juice. 30-oz. "Berri" Tomato Juice. 16-oz. "Berri" Orange Juice. 30-oz. "Berri" Orange Juice. 16-oz. "Berri" Grapefruit Juice. 30-oz. "Berri" Grapefruit Juice. 16-oz. "Berri" Apricot Nectar. 30-oz. "Berri" Apricot Nectar.

MARGARINE 56-lb. boxes Cake Margarine. 56-lb. boxes Pastry Margarine.

DRIPPING 16-oz. Tins Dripping. 37-lb. Tins Dripping.

SAUSAGES 16-oz. Beef Sausages. 16-oz. Oxford Sausages. 16-oz. Cambridge Sausages. 16-oz. Pork Sausages. 8-oz. Vienna Sausages. 4-oz. Vienna Sausages. 8-oz. Frankfurters.

TONGUES 12-oz. Sheep Tongues. 12-oz. Lamb Tongues. 12-oz. Calves' Tongues. 12-oz. Lunch Tongues. 2-lb. Ox Tongues.

Condensed Milk

14-oz. Sweetened Condensed Milk.

Unsweetened Evaporated Milk. 12-oz. Chocream. 8-oz. Reduced Cream. 14-oz. Natural Milk. 7- Tubes Sweetened Condensed Milk

Canned Fish

12-oz. Flair Fish Cutlets.

MUSHROOMS 8- Sliced Mushrooms. 56-lb. boxes Bulk Butter. 1-lb. pats Butter. pats Butter. 12-oz. tins Butter. 16-oz. tins Butter.

Peek Freans Biscuits

In 4-lb Tins and 8-oz Packets.

Caramel Crunch, Cheddar Crackers, Digestive Ovals, Ginger Slice, Honey Snaps, Lattice, Vita Wheat, Wafers, Dairy Milk Arrowroot, Wheat Crunch, Dainty Creams, Mocha Creams, Custard Creams, Coquette Creams, Petite Creams.

Agencies: Eastern Tasmanian

FISHERMAN'S CO-OP. SOCIETY, Tasmania. (Flair Canned Fish). TONGALA MILK COMPANY, Victoria. ("Jersey Cow" and "Mont Blane" Condensed Milk). PORT

Huon Fruitgrowers Co-Op. Association

LTD., Tasmania. ("Huoncry" Canned Fruit and James). PEEK FREAN (AUST.) PTY.

LTD. (Biscuit Manufacturers).

HOT NEWS Economical, convenient 8-oz. cans are now available in the Pacific Islands.

Choose your favourite dish from Irish Stew, Vegetables and Steak, Vegetables and Sausages.

W. ANCLISS & GO, (AUST.) PTY. LTD.

RIVERSTONE MEAT CO. PTY. LTD.

"Imperial" House, 255-257 George Street Sydney, N.S.W.

REOBANK MEAT WORKS PTY. LTD. 154-206 Stanley Street South Brisbane, Queensland 130 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

All-Steel Bathroom Cabinets

m

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Features large mirror, two shelves, plastic door-knob, cream or white baked enamel finish. Size 11" x 18" x 6".

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Order through your usual Islands Agents.

SYDNEY MELBOURNE BRISBANE ADELAIDE ced following breakdown of a r sale to an American airline lier in the year) will fly from jkland to Bora Bora via Nadi, alls will be made at Aitutaki in Cooks on the return flight only, jrmittently. No calls will be made Samoa. removal of the flying-boat from route will mean that seven airv and 27 other staff, plus families, illing in all about 43 persons livin Fiji, will be transferred to v Zealand. >nly a very few TEAL people will stationed at Nadi. Staff equipat and some buildings will also involved at Faleolo (Western noa) and Aitutaki. although the new Papeete airport expected to be ready for Electra rations in October, the TEAL ctra fleet has to undergo modiitions in line with recommendais made as the result of overs air disasters, and this will mean ,t aircraft will not be available the TEAL Coral Route sooner ,n March. The DC6’s will also be rating trans-Tasman services for ;ime.

Intil August, it appeared that stern Samoa’s only air conneci with the outside world after i withdrawal of the flying-boat, nld be by way of the two local er-Samoa air services to Tafuna, lerican Samoa, where there is at isent a regular Pan American ways connection with Nadi and nolulu and beyond. On August 22, vever, Fiji Airways announced it they were making application ‘ permission to operate a Nausori- Faleolo Heron either fortnightly or weekly, flying to Samoa on one day and returning the next in daylight flights. The permit was sought to cover a period of seven years.

Fiji Airways also has made application to operate scheduled services from Suva to Tonga and Honiara. The intention to seek permission was published on July 14 but up to August 23 the applications had not been dealt with by the licensing authorities. The nominal commencing date had in these cases been given as August 15. The airline is already operating a monthly non-scheduled service to Tonga.

It is possible that one or other of the local Samoan airlines might oppose such an application though they do not appear to be in a position at present to offer a similar air connection. In August, in fact, both were temporarily grounded, Polynesian Airlines’ pilot, Captain R. Barnewall, had suffered a stomach injury when he fell from a ladder while making an aircraft inspection, and Samoan Airlines Limited’s sole DCS suffered an engine breakdown. The absence of an air link between Western Samoa and Fiji would presumably boost traffic loadings on the Tafuna-Faleolo route.

The Heron aircraft would be capable of carrying eight adult passengers and their baggage quota on the Nausori-Faleolo route, with the possibility of higher loadings under certain conditions, Fiji Airways said late in August that it was probable that their application for the Solomons, Tonga, NZAF Sunderlands Until 1962 The RNZAF Sunderland ying-boats stationed at Suva nd Auckland will he in service or at least another two years, ccording to a New Zealand reort, and the aircraft to replace hem then has still not been ho sen.

The choice lies between an ircraft with the best military har act eristics and one with the hility to carry out the many seful peacetime duties that the underlands are capable of oing.

The second of these choices leans a flying-boat—and the nly available flying-boat with nything like the sa m e ipabilities is the American lartin PSM.

Of the landplanes, types that light find favour include the lilitary version of the Electra , he Canadair Argus, the Avro hackleton Mk. 111, and the 'eptune P2V.

Even if ordered immediately, ; is considered that the order or any of these could not be lied before some time in 1962. 131 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

keep pace with modern construction needs! ’ii $ * 1/ aumiaste/u PORTABLE The Builder’s Machine Designed especially for today's and tomorrow's need for speed and accuracy on the Building Project, the Joinery and Furniture Factory.

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Specialising in Pacific Islands Insurances.

Fire—Motor Vehicle—Marine

—HULLS AND CARGO- EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY.

BONDS—in accordance with Administration Ordinance—COPßA insured from drier to buyer—and all other classes arranged at lowest current rates.

Established Agencies throughout the Territory of Papua and New Guinea.

RABAUL, T.N.G.

Managing Agents; New Guinea Co., Ltd.

Island Representative: G. D. A. Kent, Rabaul Branch.

SUVA, FIJI.

Colony of Fiji Branch Office: W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji), Ltd., Bldg., Suva.

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And this amazing new aland and vigour restorer, called VI- Stim. has been tested and proved by thousands in America, and Is now available at all chemists here. Get Vl-Stlm from your chemist to-day. Put It to the test. See the big improvement In 24 hours. Take the full bottle under the guarantee that It must make you full of vim, vigour and energy, and feel 10 to 20 years younger, or money back. __ restore Vim and Vitear money >1 Vl-Stlm d Samoa services would all be isidered at the same session of ; licensing authority.

Vith the removal of TEAL’S ;e establishment from Fiji, Suva 1 be missing some well known :es and none more than that of ptain “Joe” Shephard, DFC, who 5 been on the Coral Route service m start to finish, le piloted the last flying-boat on j Tasman service in June, 1954, I he made the last Coral ute flight and the last flight from i to New Zealand. laptain Shephard is understood have put in about 14,000 hours flying-boats; he flew Sunderlands i Catalinas in the RAF and [ZAF during the war. le is now “converting” to Electras, ; in future will be alternating ween Tasman and Islands routes i will not be stationed in Fiji. moa Doesn't Want (vice on Birth Control rhe West Samoa Legislative Asnbly in August debated at length important report by Dr. P. Dillssell, Inspector-General of the nth Pacific Health Services, iling with a long term plan for astern Samoa’s health services.

Dr. Dill-Russell’s report criticises jsent conditions of Samoa’s health ■vices, particularly the organisan of the Apia Government ispital. It makes concrete recommdations for improvement.

During the debate, some members d that some of the recommendans were not applicable to conions in West Samoa. It would t, for instance, be possible to ild a completely new hospital at iia in the near future. There was II great difficulty in obtaining rior medical staff from overseas, d there were only four senior jdical practitioners on the staff at ssent.

Fhe Assembly passed a resolution posing the suggestion by Dr. 11-Russell for the Health Departsnt to give advice on family inning and birth control to those io wanted it. ve Days As istaways A. terrifying story of castaways is revealed from the Catholic ission Station at St. Louis, 10 lies from Noumea, in August.

Three natives from the Isle of len, a small island on New iledonia’s southern tip, left the and in an outrigger canoe at 5 d. on August 14 to attend ligious ceremonies at St. Louis e next day.

Two hours out, the canoe psized, and the outrigger was st. The three men clung to e upturned hull all through that ght, through the next day and to the morning of the 16th —the prey of winds and currents. Once they found themselves near a lighthouse but too far off to attempt to swim.

Finally on the morning of the 16th they risked swimming to a small reef—and found they had just sufficient strength to make it.

The reef is uncovered at low tide, but at high tide it is covered by 4 ft of water.

From the morning of Tuesday 16th, to Friday 19th at midday, the three natives remained on the reef —sleeping there in a crouched position at low tide, and subsisting on shell fish. At high tide, they were compelled to stand in four feet of water. Finally, the half dead trio managed to attract the attention of a fishing boat.

The Catholic parish newspaper Semeur in reporting the details, said that only faith in God had kept the natives alive. They had prayed continuously, and had encouraged each other.

US Motor Yacht In Trouble The big twin-screw wooden converted US Navy “Yard Minesweeper” (YMS) motor yacht Wild Goose 11, of Seattle, USA. was reported leaking badly 290 miles south of Honolulu en route from Papeete to Honolulu via Penrhyn on September 1.

A US Coastguard plane from Hawaii dropped pumping equipment to the yacht and she was later reported to be in no danger and continuing her voyage.

Wild Goose 11, commanded by Captain J. Blackburn, and with owner Max Wyman and crew and guests totalling 17 persons, called at Christmas Island, Penrhyn, and the Societies south-bound from Honolulu in May. Northbound in August the yacht had picked up the fouryear-old adopted daughter of Mr. and Mrs, M. MacCauley, of Penrhyn —Mr. MacCauley has been Resident Agent there since March—to undergo a heart operation at Seattle.

Former Islands Man On Serious Charge In the Court of Petty Sessions in Sydney on August 31, Alfred Vercoe, 43, photographer, now of Newcastle, NSW, pleaded guilty to a charge of having attempted to obtain by false pretences about £25,000 from the father of the 8-year-old boy, Graeme Thorne who was kidnapped on July 7 and subsequently found murdered.

Vercoe was committed for sentence at the Sydney Quarter Sessions on October 4. , .

Vercoe is an Australian by birth but worked as a photographer in Apia, Western Samoa, for some years after 1949; and subsequently, in the same capacity in Pago Pago, 133 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Branch Office at Melbourne: 51 William St. Phone: MA 3031.

AUSTRALIAN AGENTS: Brisbane & Adelaide: Gibbs. Bright & Co.

ISLAND AGENTS: Madang (New Guinea)— Strachan & Strachan. Lae (New Guinea)— Buntings. Rabaul (New Britain';— Town Transport Limited. Honiara (Solomon Islands) —British Solomon Islands Trading Corporation. Espiritu Santo (New Hebrides) — D. J. Gubbay and Co. (New Hebrides) Pty. Ltd. Vila (New Hebrides)— Wm. Breckwoldt & Co.

FAR EASTERN AGENTS: Dodwell & Co. Ltd., Manila, Hong Kong & Japan. 134 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

icrican Samoa. He left there last ir.

Lt the Sydney court, a statement *ged to have been made by Vercoe 3 tendered by police. A great a of this had nothing to do with i Thorne kidnapping case but was extraordinarily involved account Vercoe’s alleged attempts to nggle watch parts and opium into jtralia after he arrived back re. r ercoe said that a man named usen had paid him £1,300 to get x h parts and opium and he had ie d unsuccessfully to do so ough the Fijian and Noumean ws of certain ships.

Vhen Clausen began pressing him the opium, he stalled by telling i that he had some floating in air-tight tin in the Hunter River Hexham (Newcastle). He went re with Clausen in the latter’s but had first tipped off the stems Department in the hope ,t the appearance of police or stems officers would scare Clausen I give Vercoe more time to pro- :e the opium (according to •coe’s alleged statement).

The boy, Graeme Thorne, was napped shortly after he left his ne for school on July 7. Within ouple of hours, a man contacted mother by phone, demanding ,000 for his return, but by this ie Mrs. Thorne had already inmed the police of the boy’s disjearance and a police-sergeant 3 with her. The sergeant spoke the phone to the kidnapper and s may have caused those conned to panic. The Thornes were rer again contacted by the kid- Dper—or kidnappers—but the •tly-decomposed body of the boy 3 found about a month later on vacant piece of bush-covered d. ?his kidnapping case was the first of its kind in Australia and has shocked Australians in the same way that the Lindbergh kidnapping once shocked Americans.

During the month that the search for the child went on, the Thorne family was plagued not only by eccentrics of various sorts, but by others who sought to extract money from them by pretending they knew the whereabouts of their son.] According to the statement presented in court in Sydney, Vercoe said he read in the papers about go-betweens in the Thorne case. At first he did not think about getting money from Thorne; he just “wanted to make myself big in confronting Thorne”. He was actually at home in Newcastle the day the boy disappeared and did not even know where the Thornes lived.

He went to Sydney and contracted Mr. Thorne through a newspaper office. They met out ide the Newtown station on August 4 (a few days before the child’s body was found). He told Thorne that he had been in the street when two other men, relatives of his, had taken the boy. He said that the boy was alright, except for a cut on the face, and that he was in Queensland. Vercoe is alleged to have said in his statement; “I told him that he would need to have £5,000 in American dollars which would have to be handed to the Catholic priest at Cessnock and when he paid the other £20,000 to the priest his boy would be taken to Cessnock and handed to the priest.” __ .

A statement made by Mr. B. H. P.

Thorne, father of the boy, was also tendered to the court. In the course of the statement, Thorne said that conversations he had with Vercoe at their meeting caused him to doubt that Vercoe knew anything about the boy. He drove Vercoe back into the city and asked him to ring him at his home that night. Vercoe did not ring.

Vercoe appeared in the Newcastle Court on August 19 and was remanded on bail until August 26 when his counsel caused a sensation by alleging that Vercoe had been beaten up by police; the Court adjourned while photographs could be taken of his alleged bruises and injuries.

When the case was resumed in Sydney on August 31, Vercoe said that he had not been beaten at all, but that the story that he had was “entirely a fabrication” on his counsel’s part.

Just an Old Dreamboat, After All!

An outbreak of Cargo Cult in the Rabaul area of New Britain in August was really a “submarine cult” but in the end it turned out to be a “dreamboat cult”.

It all started when a young Tolai, named Leonard, lured 200 men 40 miles from Rabaul to board the submarine, and left the party stranded and hungry. The submarine, which Leonard had told his followers would take them to America, wasn’t where he said it would be.

Leonard collected his followers [?]orfolk Air Service Will Remain Qantas has decided not to derive Norfolk Island of its ortnightly DC4 service between Australia and New Zealand. It is tow unlikely that either TA.A rr Ansett-ANA will be invited o take over the service.

This possibility was on the ■ards because of the increased mrden placed on Qantas with he removal of its DC4 services n P-NG. It is uneconomic for Qantas to operate only one 'ortnightly DC4, although the company is already being granted a £20,000 a year subsidy l o keep the NI service going.

The Minister for Aviation, Senator Paltridge, told the Norfolk Island Council in August, In answer to a question, that he iid not think either PAA or TAI would be interested in extending their services to Norfolk.

AT THE BEACH According to the lines which came with the photograph from Honolulu, this is one of the most charming new additions to the Waikiki Beach scene. She is Miss Penny Hunt of Hawaiian Airlines Waikiki sales office, who is well known in Fiji where she was born 20 years ago. Her father is Harvey Hunt of Suva.

The attractive Miss Hunt was runner-up in Fiji's Miss Hibiscus competition in 1958. But what is she doing wjth the ukelele? 135 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Wales House, 27 O'Connell St., Sydney Box No. 2512, G.P.0., Sydney. Phone: BL 5421 Cable Address: "Morstrom", Sydney Bank of New Zealand, Sydney; Bank of New South Wales, Sydney. after a vivid dream about the submarine. Most of his followers didn’t believe him exactly but they went along anyhow on the chance that something might turn up.

But all that happened was that they went hungry, were forced to buy food from local natives at high prices or steal from market gardens, When a Government patrol, headed by ADO Jack Emmanuel with PO M. Cockburn left Rabaul to follow the dreamboat force, they found them alright—disillusioned in a temporary camp on the coast.

But Leonard was missing. He had escaped into heavily timbered country only a few hours before the patrol arrived. (See “On the Trail of the Cargo Cuitists”, page 57.) n. nrtK i r.-l, i* KepOil On LOOK IS.

I ahnni* fnnrlitmnc LaDOUr LOnQITIOIIS The results of an investigation into labour conditions in the Cook Islands made by a special committee set up by the Administration some months ago, were made available to the Legislative Council in July.

The main points of the report were: • As the system of industrial agreements operating under the Cook Islands Industrial Union Regulations, 1947, had worked satisfactorily no major changes in the machinery for the settlement of industrial disputes was necessary or desirable. • A single union had operate satisfactorily in the past an appeared more suitable for loc: conditions than a number ( separate unions. • A recommendation that thei should be a minimum wage fixed 1J law to apply to all workers over : years of age. • A recommendation for legish tion covering a 40-hour weei holiday pay for regularly employe workers on more than three montli engagements. ® A recommendation for legisls tion laying down minimum requin ments for safety, health, an welfare of workers. • A recommendation for legisls tion regarding conditions < employment of women and childre; • The desirability of Worker Compensation and the impracti( ability of it unless employers cou'. cover their liability by insurance Moving the adoptiion of the r» port, the Treasurer of the Coc Islands said that it was felt in son quarters in New Zealand that tt Cook Islands did not have adequalegislation dealing with tt employment of workers. The in vestigating committee had four that New Zealand laid down cor ditions of employment by law whii the Cook Islands laid them dow by agreement between employer ar employee. The committee had four that the Cook Islands system ws the best for local conditions, was agreed that Worker’s Con pensation and minimum wag should be covered by legislation The report was adopted.

They're Cracking Down On Noumea's Motorists Noumea is still cracking down a negligent motorists. In the secon quarter of this year, 75 more licence were suspended—the period c suspension ranging from one wee to periods up to a year, with eigh licences suspended indefinitely, ant one for life. In the first quarter c the year, 85 driving licences wen suspended. Thus this year’s tots already is 160 compared with 140 fo the whole of 1959.

Anthropologist Refused Entry to P NG When, in August, Professor Mat Gluckman was refused a Permit ft Enter Papua-New Guinea for three-week visit, it caused consider able comment in Australia anr elsewhere. (See Commentary). I was alleged that (a) he was thru unable to cany out important won for the National University in Carr berra; and (b) that because n reason was given for the refusal the Professor was put in an invidiJ ous position.

Professor Gluckman is a Soutt African, but is now attached to thi 136 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

NESTLCs V. .s> * \\ * N 446-59 96 (towJL irtment of Anthropology at the rersity of Manchester. He holds ig views on South African and r African racial policies and irently has had a great deal to about these things in the past, jays he isn’t a Communist. »r some months he has been ated to the Australian National rersity in Canberra but is soon eturn to Manchester. for Permits to Enter na-New Guinea are nominally rred to the Administrator of aa-New Guinea. The Minister Territories and the Prime Min- ■ of Australia have both stated the Administrator turned down essor Gluckman’s application, three have refused to comment he reason for refusal, although r as hinted by the Minister for itories that it was on grounds ecurity. le Commonwealth Government itains a security officer in the •itory. It is understood that the ent officer is an Englishman has had previous experience in of the African colonies. l September, Professor Gluckl applied for a visa to visit lerlands New Guinea, but this ;ed another minor international lent, this time behind the scenes, Prof, Gluckman withdrew the iication presumably to save and and Australia from an iment. anese "Floating Fair" the South Pacific Japanese “floating fair” might at Rabaul early in November the course of a trade-seeking cruise to 13 ports in New Zealand, Australia, and South East Asia.

The 7,733-ton twin screw motor vessel Aki Maru of the Nippon Yusen Kaisha fleet has been chartered by the Japanese Industry Floating Fair Commission to show off Japanese machinery, electronic goods, cars, textiles, jewellery, and other wares.

Twelve officials will accompany the display, and about 80 salesmen representing the companies displaying goods will follow the vessel as air passengers.

This will be the third such exhibition ship that Japan has sent overseas in recent years. One went to South East Asia and another, last year, to Central and South America.

Aki Maru’s first scheduled South Pacific port is given as Wellington, where she is due to arrive on November 14.

Electric Power For Labasa Soon Labasa, largest town on Fiji’s second-largest island of Vanua Levu, has no public electric power supply, but the indications are that it might have one soon.

Mr. H. B. Gibson, MLC, who operates the town’s Grand Eastern Hotel and is partner in a leading legal practice, was the successful tenderer for an electric power installation which until recently was supplying the requirements of Nadi driving Under The (Betel Nut) Influence Traffic 'police in New Guinea we an added hazard to connd with —natives who drive otor vehicles under the inience of betel nut.

The whole thing was disused learnedly at a Rabaul mn Advisory Council meeting cently, when medical opinion is given that over-indulgence betel nut could have similar f ects to that of morphia—it med up the reflexes and died the senses.

Most NG natives chew betel it, of course, and it seems to i little harm one way or .other, but employers of native hour know what it is like on a onday morning when the b our turns into a line of )mbies after a week-end betel it jag.

But how the local police are ing to change an ingrained dive custom into a must-not cording to the traffic code, unds like quite a problem. 137 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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Available from all Leading Stores Airport and its expanding coi munity. Tenders were called • the six diesel alternator sets by 1 Civil Aviation Administration.

Mr. Gibson is now faced with t problem of getting the mass : equipment off the airport within reasonable time and delivered Labasa.

The new installation should very welcome, if only to supi street lighting.

New P-NG Plan to Speed Up Education The P-NG Administration early September announced dets of a five-year plan to speed native education in Papua-N Guinea.

The plan aims at boosting by f tunes the present number of & ministration-trained native teache increasing native school enrolnu by 53,000 and setting up 608 n schools.

The Director of Education, I G. T. Roscoe, said the scheme v, a major step forward in the ter tory’s development.

The main feature of the plan the recruiting from Australia es year of batches of unqualified mi primary school teachers.

Applicants need have only intermediate or junior certifici and be aged between 18 and They will be given a six mont special training course and placed in charge of native prims schools.

He Wants To Work In Australia Fijian-born Indian Ram Jat got some support from Sydu workmates when the Australi Immigration Department in Augr threatened to deport him as prohibited immigrant.

Jatan, 23, came to Australia fro New Zealand about 15 months s and has been working in Sydney a carpenter—his present job bei on the construction of a buildi for the University of New Sou Wales School for Wool Technolo< The Immigration Department t* Jatan that he could remain in At tralia only as a student, but Jati said he wanted to work.

Jatan’s union made approaches? the Immigration Department or several months in the hope stopping the deportation, witho success, so his workmates decid: to lend their weight.

In early September they a pointed a carpenter and a paini to accompany Jatan and a uni official to Canberra to see it Minister for Immigration M Downer himself, Jatan told the Sydney Prr meanwhile that his two brothers ; Fiji had offered to support hr during his studies in Australia 11 138 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Will Look More sely at Samoan Economics ie US Senate in July agreed to aside $20,000 to finance a study tied at improving American oa’s economic position, nator Murray told the Senate little or no effort had been e to develop a self-sustaining Lomy, living standards and rity in American Samoa since administration of the islands ted from the US Navy to the artment of the Interior. 3 added, “The political situation tiade more acute by the fact . in neighbouring West Samoa, 1 self-government and the Lomy have developed to the t where the West Samoans attain full and complete incidence in 1961.” n Guinea Residents Being oed Through the Mail Box Listralia’s Minister for Terri- 3S, Mr. Hasluck, is apparently ting back in an effort to conle New Guinea residents that ■e is no insecurity in the ritory for them. Residents, of *se, have been saying, with good ion, that they do feel insecure, i late August, two 15-page iphlets setting out Australia’s cy for the political future of i Guinea began appearing in the 1 boxes of Territory residents, he pamphlets were printed by Commonwealth Government iter, and one of them bears the ds “Issued under the Authority of the Minister for Territories .

The pamphlets emphasise the need to clear away misunderstanding and they carry excerpts from statements by the Prime Minister and by Mr. Hasluck in recent months. One of the statements was made by Mr. Hasluck to native leaders in Rabaul, Lae and Moresby in July, when he said, So long as you want us to stay you can depend on us not to desert y °The second pamphlet presents the full text of the statement of Australia’s New Guinea policy made by Mr. Hasluck in Parliament last month.

Anti-Blood Transfusion Pamphlet Upsets P-NG A pamphlet condemning blood transfusions and sponsored by the Jehovah’s Witnesses sect, caused some trouble in Papua-New Guinea in August. The pamphlet, published in Sydney and outlining the sect s usual arguments against blood transfusions, has recently been distributed among natives by sect members in Port Moresby. It was doubtful whether most natives who read it could understand it; nevertheless the Administrator, Brigadier D. M. Cleland, roundly condemned it as stupid and dangerous and issued a request to natives to ignore the arguments put forward.

The President of the P-NG Red Cross, Mr. C. Normoyle, who happens to be the Police Commissioner, also issued a warning about the dangers of the pamphlet.

P-NG’s Crown Law authorities agreed they were unable to take any action against the pa.mphlet. (The authorities are. in fact, unable to take any action against members of the sect on some of their other activities. There have been reports that natives at picture theatres have been recently refusing to stand for the National Anthem, and that this has something to do with the teachings of the sect. However, there are others who think that the explanation to tliis is that the natives have simply not recognised the Anthem or realised the picture being flashed on the screen at that moment happens to be the Queen.) Following Brigadier Cleland’s condemnation of the pamphlet the matter was mentioned by some members of the New South Wales Parliament. Members described the propaganda as “mischievous” and suggested NSW should do something about the pamphlet.

Natives Jump BGD Claim Five New Guinea natives got gaol sentences of between two and six months each in August for a determined effort at claim jumping.

The “claim” that they jumped happened to belong to Bulolo Gold Dredging—in fact, was part of a BGD lease in the Bulolo River.

The natives were warned several times after they began operating there about six months ago, but persisted. They were arrested in June. At one time they had 13 sluice boxes working and were employing about 50 native labourers at 30/- per month.

During the court proceedings it was stated that it was impossible to say how much gold had been taken out by the claim jumpers, but that it had been estimated from bullion records that it was worth at least £1,200.

NNG Natives Will Have A Look at Holland Seven outstanding native officials from various Government departments in NNG will leave there on September 13 on a two months visit to Holland. All except one speak Dutch fluently. This is part of Holland’s plan to speed up Papuan development in NNG. (Over) JAPANESE LEFTOVERS Rabaul fire officer Ken Bonnett examines a cache of Japanese aerial bombs recently found in an old Japanese tunnel about a mile from Rabaul. Bombs like this frequently turn up in that area.

Photo: M. Russell Hayes. 139 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1060

to tame Lightning! to save the wealth of the South Pacific It takes fifteen years for a coconut palm to become fuf productive. It takes less than a second for lightning i reduce it to a charred stump.

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le men were chosen because of r close contact with the native ilation. The natives will be the its of the Dutch Government, will show them around toer, and then give them an jrtunity to study in the difnt fields in which they have rest. le men are Marcus Kaisiepo, lericus Poana, Aquila Krey. mon Jufuway, Hendrik Joku, >b Taran and Ismail Bauw. Mr. iway is the first Papuan author ave contributed in the scientific thly Nieuw Guinea Studien v Guinea Studies). He wrote tory on the forbidden native ritual. i Meat-and-Veg. Troubles New Caledonia sw Caledonia was having a lot ood troubles in August. By that ; it was obvious that the Colony’s ito crop was going to be an ost complete failure this year, to excessive rain that had caused potatoes to rot in the ground. d do something for the growers, Government decided to increase subsidy it usually pays on seed itoes (which are purchased Australia or France) from four ics per kilo to nine francs. Funds this subsidy come from one of many local taxes on liquor.

Lost other vegetables are in poor ply this year in New Caledonia .though in the cool months there usually excellent local cabbages, liflowers beans and tomatoes, 'fficially, New Caledonia’s meat strike is still dragging on, too— although most people seem to be getting meat anyway. Quantities of Australian mutton and lamb are coming in on ships trading between Noumea and Australia.

Graziers stated earlier in August that they wouldn’t supply beef to butchers under 60 francs a kilo— which is 20 francs above the Goveminent.fixed price. However, there were indications that some of the smaller producers were supplying some Noumea butchers with meat ne£ Hl fix^ d price and later, when the biggest pastoral company, that also owns the biggest butchery business in New Caledonia, found that it was losing customers, it also followed suit.

NZ Scientists Begin Research in the Pacific Research officers from four branches of NZ’s Department of Scientific and Industrial Research made up the scientific team in HMNZS Endeavour when it sailed from Auckland in September to make calls at islands over a wide area of the South Pacific.

Endeavour’s missions will include carrying explosives to Western Samoa, Niue, Aitutaki, Mangaia and Rarotonga to blast gaps in coral reefs, delivering medical supplies and mail to remote islands, and landing scientists on research missions.

The four research officers are Mr.

J. M. Hoy, principal scientific officer, Entomology Division, Palmerston North; Mr. J. C.

Schofield, scientific officer, Geological Survey, Otahuhu; Mr. A. Hanley,

Carrier At

HOLLANDIA The Royal Netherlands Navy's aircraft carrier "Karel Doorman" drew many visitors in Hollandia last month during its show-the - flag visit (which caused some repercussions in Indonesia). Natives in particular thronged the ship's flight-deck and studied the Seahawk jets.

Lopevi In Eruption

The Lopevi volcano in the New Hebrides was still rumbling away in August after its violent eruption of July, during which the entire population of the island—about 250 people—had to be evacuated. They will not now return but will be given land elsewhere. The initial explosion sent up a mushroom cloud to 30,000 ft., visible from Vila, 85 miles to the south. By the greatest good luck a lethal nuee cloud— (probably the most terrible of all volcanic manifestations, consisting of glowing cinders and ash supported in a cloud of hot ashes) — missed one village by a matter of a few hundred yards. The lethal cloud killed goats and cattle. Eruptions of Lopevi have been reported since 1864—the previous one being in 1939.

This photo shows the nuee rolling down from the top of the main crater of Lopevi.

Photo: Reece Discombe.

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CCS d«r f f |tf I and pal au oa nv» Mono I, Biak, orong scientific officer, Geophysicial SurellingtC ? n; a 4 d J^ r * C ' Gl cSi i ch ’ sen 3£s • officer, So *J. B £. reau ’ Christchurch Mr. Hoy will collect scale insects from various cipoia inccnfc lre m b”d established citrus ninnintirmo throughout the Pacific. The collection of specimens will enable wider comparisons to be made.

Mr. Schofield will investigate terrace levels on islands where there is evidence that suggests there have been world-wide fluctuations of sea level with major stand-stills at various heights above sea level.

Mr. Hanley will carry out a reconnaissance gravity survey while the ship is at Suva > complete the gravity survey of Samoa, and take measurements on other islands.

Mr Vnrpfipb win ivir. vucetich will examine soil SSaSg^aSTW ciassmcauion, and will take mea surements of soil radioactivity, N&W GiiinPA Chnw INCW oumea inow Exhibit fnr Anctralia CAmuir ror An extensive exhibit prepared by the Administration of P-NG and the Australian Department of Territories gained much attention and flattering comments at t Brisbane Show in August.

It was so arranged as 1 emphasise the progress made in j sections of the Administration especially native affairs—in rece years. Two native officials of the A ministration (Messrs. Buani Ke 1 and Kamea Gabe) were among t: officials who explained the exhibi to spectators.

On August 17, in the Australii Parliament, Senator Scott appeal to the Minister for Territories ‘ arrange that the exhibit shor appear at the principal Agricultui and Industrial Exhibitions in t: other capital cities of Australia; a; the reply was that the requt would be sympathetically co sidered.

Daru Shows It Can Do It, Too Daru, capital of the Weste District of Papua, joined the ma; other districts in Papua-Nt Guinea by putting on a Show 1959. In late August this yearshow that it was no fluke, but like to remain an annual eventstaged its second Show which 3,0 people attended.

The Western District, as t: Administrator who opened the She said, in an area of contrasts, its southern seacoast, it has be; longer in contact with Austral than any other part of the Ten tory. But at the same time, it an area of vast swamps and u: inhabited regions, and in parts the mighty Fly River and tributaries, and in the mountai: some of the most primitive peor dwell.

The Western District does n produce large quantities of cop or rubber or cocoa or coffee —pr ducts that made many of the oth districts of P-NG rich; nor has any goldfields or other minen resources.

Nonetheless it managed to p on a display that no one in ti District needed to be ashamed • Most of the other Shows in tl.

Territory are dominated by whi Europeans can produce; the Da Show, however, was predominant a native affair—showing what tin. can do with European guidano even when their environment pretty much against them.

Native artifacts from little know regions, crocodile skins (and on e: hibition, one live baby croc.), den antlers from the Morehead Distrit and building and cabinet makin timbers from the Oriomo sawmi were features of the Show.

P-NG Thinks Canberra Grant Is Too Small After the publicity that Nea Guinea has received in Au s : tra 1 i a and elsewhere recent!;! and the great pressure that is o 142 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Manufactured by : EVERYDAY PRODUCTS PTY. LTD. 105 RESERVE RD., ARTARMON, N.S.W. ;ralia to develop the Territory ediateiy—and if possible even er—Territorians were generally ppointed in the grant that Ausa made to Papua-New Guinea 1960-61. lis grant of £14,500,000—£1,500,000 ? than in 1959-60 —was aniced by the Federal Treasurer, H. Holt, when he presented his get in Canberra in mid-August, it although some Territorians ‘ disappointed, and said so, rs pointed out that P-NG has ly been able to spend in one the revenues that were availand that at the end of June i year, those moneys remaining Dent in that 12 months, simply t back into Australian consoli- :d revenue. le grant was out of tune with ent-day demands, Mr. H. H.

Dbs, vice-president of the Port esby Chamber of Commerce, there on August 17.

The grant is unrealistic when the is for a speed-up in developit,” he said. “It should have i a lot higher if progress is to ihead in the Territory.” r. Stubbs said the rise would Dnly just high enough to cover e Administration’s increased es bill for the year, e was supported by Papua’s ted member to the Legislative Council, Port Moresby solicitor, Mr.

C. P. Kirke, who said that the grant is hopelessly inadequate.

“The Territory needs much more than that to meet all things which need doing now,” he said, but added that he believed, however, that the Administration was not geared to spend large sums of money on development. “It’s no good outlaying a lot of expense on schools if you can’t get enough teachers, and that mainly is how things stand in the Territory at present.”

Legislative Council mission member, the Rev. D. Ure, said the grant was “most disappointing.”

“Most people in the Territory expected an increase of at least £5,000,000,” he said.

Former MLC, Mr. E. A. James, emphasised that although the increase was small, the Administration would probably not have been able to handle a larger increase without having planned for it.

Messrs. Kirke, Stubbs and James all agreed that the Administration should try to “spend to the limit” this year to avoid last year’s position where the grant was underspent by about £500,000.

Ridding P NG Administration Of Sorcerers The District Advisory Council of the Gulf District of Papua has urged that a drive against sorcerers Natives Overcharged The P-NG Prices Commismer, Mr. H. H. Reeve, in gust launched prosecutions jinst ten Port Moresby trade >res for alleged irregularities dealing with native customers, fifteen summonses against » stores were set down for iring in Port Moresby Petty ssions Court.

Sight of the summonses eged short weight. Four that ids were sold at a higher ice to natives than to Euroins The other three alleged overarging. The items involved re sugar, rice and butter. r he prosecutions followed the ense investigation by prices vpectors in July of reports it natives were being excited by trade stores.

Some of the cases were dealt th in court on August 30. and a result three trade stores d two native employees were led a total of £44. The stores re owned by Steamships Trad- -7 Co. Ltd.

Two charges against the Motu ading Company were withawn and charges against ven other stores were pend- 7, a spokesman for the Croion ,w Department said after the aring. 143 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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AUSTRALIA & NEW GUINEA: j |_j BENTLEY Pty. LTD. 1092 Mt. Alexander Rd. t Essendon, Victoria should be made at an elementary level—in the primary schools.

The Council has recommended that courses of instruction explaining disease and natural phenomena (which sorcerers claim they can control) should be added to the school syllabus.

A member, Mr. P. Preece, said this would be one of the ’ most effective ways of fighting sorcery, “the Territory’s most paralysing force”.

The Council’s recommendation has gone to the Administration for investigation.

Another member, Mr. J. Cribb, told the Council that the view that education was a long-range cure was correct. “But some immediate preventative action to lessen the effects, and not so much the belief, is essential,” he said.

“Dismissing reputed sorcerers from Administration employ will not lessen public belief in their powers. But it will help to remove the fear that people have of bringing evidence against such sorcerers and would help to align the Administration as obviously against sorcery in the eyes of the people.”

The Council chairman, Mr. K.

Jackson, said he had heard of a native Court Interpreter at Kikori who was renowned as a sorcerer.

“Local people have often joked with me about his being a sorcerer,” he said. “But I think a serious attitude should be taken by all people, particularly the Administration. If this man has practised sorcery he should be dismissed from his ei ployment”

A Council proposal urging mo positive steps to eradicate sorce was turned down by the Admim tration earlier this year.

The Council had suggested tti a list be compiled of known sorcen and a careful watch be kept them.

In a statement, the Administratl said this had “undesirable p< sibilities” as it would give peoj who dislike a man the opportum of a “persecuting witch hunt”.;!

Education bringing understau ing was the only real solution sorcery, the statement added.

"Malaita" Mishap: Long Delay Expected As this issue went to press, t Burns Philp Line motor-vesi Malaita was coming slowly down t Australian coast to Sydney. S broke down in August in Pc Moresby harbour while moving fro her anchorage to the wharf. She carrying passengers, 1,000 tons cargo and is using six of her eig cylinders.

The breakdown was caused by mishap to one cylinder which thn the crankshaft out of alignmei She is expected to be about thn months in dock in Sydney.

The BP ship Tulagi broke cylinder lining while at Gizo, BSI in August, and was delayed at Kie for several days while her enginee worked round the clock to repla it.

New Hebrides Will Look At Its Liquor Laws The New Hebrides Condominin. in August held the first meetiii of a special inquiry into the N* Hebrides liquor laws.

The inquiry, which sat in Vila, hi been appointed by the Reside Commissioners to examine and n port on the liquor situation as affects New Hebrideans and to advi on any measures which appear d sirable.

The committee consists of foe New Hebrideans (all members of t'i Advisory Council). three British ai three French citizens, and is pr sided over by the Registrar of tl; Joint Court. Mr. Edmond Buter 1 ; Mr. Lloyd Hurrell Wins Morobe Seat As Minister for Territories Haslua is fond of pointing out, Papua-Ne Guinea is politically apathetic—be residents were more than ordinal* so when it came to choosing tk three European elected membea for the next Legislative Council- Only one candidate nominate for each of the Papuan an New Guinea Islands Electorate 144 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Box 2622, G.P.0., Sydney. FF 4224. Cables; "Thornmotor", Sydney. % X m ?srs. C. P. W. Kirke and D. •ett respectively) and these i therefore elected unopposed, the New Guinea Mainland electe, four candidates were nomin- —but there the enthusiasm ped. Only 1,313 people had aselves put on the electoral roll of these only about 38 per cent, ally voted on August 27. le general attitude was “What . it matter who gets in—no one take any notice of him, any- ” This attitude, which has tys been in evidence in P-NG, been intensified over the last nonths when, after two lots of of elected members the income tax issue, the Counlas been limping along like a 3 duck. It is known, too, that the High Court has decided income tax laws in the Terriare valid, the life of the new ncil will be brief and that tly the Minister for Territories announce its recomposition, me the less, the election of Mr. d Hurrell, well-known Wau tier, as member for the New aea Mainland was very popular.

Hurrell. who was at one time Assistant District Officer, left Administration some years ago and since, through sheer hard work and initiative, has built up one of the best agricultural properties in Wau.

Mr. Hurrell polled 304 votes; Mr.

Paul Hyman polled 109, and Messrs.

S. Barker and K. C. Watkins will probably be lucky to get their deposits back.

The new Legislative Council meets in Port Moresby in the new Legislative Council Chambers (it used to be the old European Hospital) on October 17.

Western Samoa in Copra Trouble The Western Samoa Copra Board has been in serious trouble since June due to a fall off in the rate of deliveries of copra. So severe is this fall off that the Territory is having great difficulty in fulfilling its firm contracts with the UK and NZ, and has had to turn down offers from South America at better than world price, Samoans are not cutting the usual amount of copra and although there are several contributing reasons, the main one is thought to be the drop in world price.

At the same time, the publication of a financial statement covering January-August, 1960, by the Board in August, shows how the Board has been caught in a vicious circle.

The statement shows that during that period, the Board took in Memorial to Director of Coastwatchers A committee has been set up Australia to commemorate e memory of Commander R.

M. Long, QBE, who was rector of Naval Intelligence ring World War II and as ch had so much to do with e South-West Pacific Coastttchers.

Commander Long died in 'dney on January 8 this year.

The memorial to him will take e form of a portrait painted well known Australian artist ther Paterson. This will be inted from photographs lich are in existence. In dition Lt.-Commander George irmon Gill, the Royal Ausilian Navy historian, has reed to write a biography.

Donations to the memorial nd should be sent to the Hon. cretary , R. B. M. Long emorial Fund, 201 a George reet, Sydney.

The committee, of which the airman is Commander J. C. B. cManus, OBE, has asked >nors to send also, any ecdote or incident connected th Commander Long that they \ght remember. This will help e biographer in his job.

Every subscriber will receive a py of the biography; the porlit will hang in a place where can be seen by the majority his friends. 145 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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SB.l 28.83 ing firm contracts overseas locally, and to have the necessa stores and office accommodation a: personnel for running what is, aft all, a veiy big enterprise.

All Unilever copra is shipped fre South Pacific territories in Ba Line ships. Naturally, these sht would not call at Savusavu or els where for small quantities of copii and this means that consideral' storage space would be necessar: The price paid by Unilever unc its contracts is current Philippini or world, price. And that, presumab; would be the price it would p: for Fiji copra—“ Suva price, better”, wouldn’t come into calcul tions.

The reported £l4 differential kl tween Savusavu price and Suva m price is difficult to break down in component parts. The mill does n buy in outports. but only ex-whaf Suva, and how the producer gc his copra there is his own busine?

Apparently only about £4 of ti copra to the f.o.b. value i £5tg.725,000. and dispersed evei penny of it. Nothing at all h; gone into reserves this year, ar had it not been for interest < investments and sale of 2,500 to) on the open market (mostly South America) the Board wou have eaten into the reserves bui up over previous years.

The two factors (falling pr duction and falling price) probafc explain the mystery that has bei remarked upon by planters in F elsewhere—why the Samoan Boa in August was paying a f.o.b. pri to producers that was within a f< £’s of the London c.i.f. price, wh producers in other Territories we getting from £lB to £2O less.

Apparently the Samoan Boa feels that if it does not pay pr ducers at the highest possible re over this difficult period (th leaving nothing at all for adju£ ment at the end of the accountii period) copra deliveries will fall j even more.

Cooks Almost Free Of Yaws Now The Cook Islands have be successful in controlling a i virtually eradicating yaws over t past three years through a co certed drive by the medical depa; ment with the aid of mode penicillin compounds.

This was stated by Dr. Friedri Tross of the World Health C ganisation, who made a persor survey of most of the inhabit islands of the group in July. 1 Tross said that the improveme had come about through the who> hearted co-operation between t people and the Administration. 146 £s. d. Of Copra (Continued from page 21) SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHU

is freight, and the rest comes ;r about 24 other heads ranging l the twine that is used to sew bags to beetle-tax —some items hich might, it seems to us, more erly be included in cost of proion. ipra Boards have worked Dthly enough in other Terriis, but Fiji planters would be ng themselves if they imagined planters in these places had no 3. Each board has its own way working and fixing prices that paid producers, as a glance at ’s monthly produce prices will 7.

August, for example, the P-NG :a Marketing Board was paying intative price of £A6S per ton top grade copra at main ports; BSIP Board was paying £A6O top grade; Western Samoa was ng £Stg.67/13/8 per ton. It is □us that the Samoan Board was ng this price from accumulated its (see p. 145) while P-NG, for nple, was merely paying an trary sum, the final amount to djusted at the end of the year’s ing. le only way to compare the 3S paid in various territories is ake them over a long period, bring into consideration such gs as local taxes (some still pay >rt tax on copra), stabilisation 1 deductions and the like.

Difficult Comparisons 1959, when copra boomed, P-NG lucers were consistently paid a tentative price; but when amts were finally adjusted in April this year, P-NG producers ended with an average price of £A9O/14/7 per ton for top grade over the whole of 1959.

During that same period, PIM quoted the price that the Suva mill was paying in the first week of every month (although the Suva prices were, in fact, adjusted weekly).

Using these figures, the average mill ex-wharf Suva price over 1959 was £F7B/6/5 per ton for top grade— equivalent to approximately £ABB per ton. It seems likely, therefore, that in the long run, P-NG planters did a little better than Fiji planters; but Fiji planters had some advantage in that they were paid the total amount promptly, while in some cases, P-NG planters had to wait nine months for a final settling up.

Charges Vary The charges involved in shipping copra in bulk from Pacific Islands ports to Northern Europe varies according to the world price of copra. The cost of a 3 per cent, shrinkage when copra is £lOO per ton is naturally more than when copra is £6O; the same rule applies to insurance. However, the current cost of shipping copra from New Guinea (for example) to UK is certainly less than the very generous amount allowed for getting Savusavu copra to the wharf in Suva.

For those who like doing sums it is interesting to compare the Fiji and Philippines prices as quoted for August 8, 1960, in the PIM.

On that date the Suva mill was paying £FS7/7/6; the Philippines c.i.f. North European price was $193.50 —equal to about £F75.5 At a wild guess, say the freight and other charges amounted to around £Fl3 that leaves around £FS per ton more than the mill was paying—not £25, as some people in Fiji seem to have claimed.

These figures, of course, are so full of unknown quantities that they can be regarded as only approximate. Nonetheless, where thousands of tons of copra are involved in the aggregate, even a pound or two adds up to a considerable sum.

One factor that is consistently overlooked in the current Fiji copra situation is that the mill, once having extracted the oil from the copra, has to get it across to the other side of the world before it can benefit from it—and this is not done for nothing. World price can swing considerably between the purchase of the copra at Suva wharf and the arrival of the coconut oil in Europe.

The immediate nigger in the woodpile seems to be that large amount of £l4 which producers in Fiji say it costs them to get a ton of copra to Suva. It is a sum in excess of the current cost of getting the same copra in bulk, all the way from the Pacific to Europe, and therefore is a figure that needs investigating.

“Local chiefs, although deprived of the official support and guidance on which they formerly relied, had everywhere succeeded in preventing disorder. , Dealt With Shortages “One of Trench’s chief headaches was the shortage of food in areas formerly occupied by the enemy.

The Japanese landed on Guadalcanal with orders to live on the country and wherever they went they engaged in wholesale looting of gardens. , ..

“Trench set out to get the gardens back into production as Quickly as possible, but m the meantime part-rations (readily provided by the Americans on a leaselend basis) had to be issued in one corner of the island where stocks of food were particularly low. The rations were doled out by police patrols which released them only to families able to produce evidence that they had begun replantmg their gardens. - “Perhaps the gravest result of the Japanese invasion was the virtual cessation, over large areas, of that routine medical work which is of such immense importance in tropical territories. . .. .

“The Mission doctors and their staffs had done what they could to keep the work going, and had achieved prodigies, but they could scarcely have been expected to set up their trestles and offer injec-

P-Ng Control Put Off For

Another Three Years

Reasons for the postponement of the date for bringing the whole Papua-New Guinea under control —new target in end of 1963 —has \en put down to “unexpected difficulties” and the desire not to acrifice sound and prudent action for the sake of a plan” according a Ministerial announcement from Canberra on September 1.

The first plan for bringing the whole of the Territory under control is announced in 1956, and the target date then set was end of 1959. ; the time that this plan was announced, there was some Criticism the target in the Territory on the grounds that there was no point leaving some bolder areas unconsolidated in order to push on into rw areas just for the sake of putting up a good show for Australia’s itics.

The new target that the Minister has announced (December 31, 63) —which will require the setting up of 18 new patrol posts—is obably a much more realistic one. But the postponement underlines e complete unwisdom of setting target dates for anything in a Ternry of the size and primitive nature of Papua-New Guinea.

There is no real point in spreading existing P-NG facilities — comunications, personnel, health, education and other services—even ore thinly than they are at the moment, simply in order to be able tell the United Nations that, at last, Australia has done it and at every man, woman and child in the Territory is in direct line r receiving all the benefits of our style civilisation.

It is expected that in this financial year, five new patrol posts will established and 36,000 people in 5,900 square miles of country brought ider control in 1961-62, 31,800 people and 6,450 square miles of country ll be similarly benefited ; and in the following 18 months, 13,765 square miles of country and 53,000 people 147 New WPHC (Continued from page 22) CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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“A pre-war campaign which had promised to bring the Protectorate’s Public Health Enemy No. 1 — yaws—under final control had been interrupted and there had been a fresh outbreak of that disfiguring and debilitating disease. Trench assembled all the natives he could find who had had some experience as dressers or hospital wardsmen and sent them out as a sort of ‘shock’ battalion, with such drugs as were available “His duties as a District Officer having been forcibly increased by the demands of war. Trench sought to divest himself of lesser responsibilities. Many of his judicial powers he delegated to headmen, who were given authority to hear certain classes of criminal and civil cases on condition that the parties concerned were willing to submit to their jurisdiction, n, nn . ( Ma PPY Experiment “This experiment produced extremely satisfying results, as Trench was confident it would, in view of the excellent record of the headmen when left to their own resources during the occupation, “The simplest of Trench’s ‘war duties’ was the arranging of lectun on native customs, and the pn paration of pamphlets on natn languages, for the enlightenment < American troops; the most interest ing was the selection, from tl bridges of American warships, 3 bombardment targets along tl enemy-occupied coast; and the mo hazardous was the operation, wil the help of Kennedy and othi officers stationed in the westei islands, of a rescue service fi crashed American airmen.”

In 1950. Trench was transfern to Hongkong, and his reputatk as a practical, down to earth ar human administrator continui there.

He will find it a change to j from the free-spending atmosphe of wealthy Hongkong to tl Treasury-controlled Western Pacii High Commission, but he can r member when things were mui worse, and all concerned can 1 sure that whatever he does will 1 firmly grounded in practic common sense and good humour. convention to sanction the coi tinuance of capital punishment the only effective deterrent to pr vent the unwarranted taking human lives.

The Prime Minister cited tl Bible to support his arguments ai stated that it had been proved th imprisonment in Western Sami could not be considered a satisfa, tory deterrent to murder, as prise life there was quite acceptable many offenders who considered it kind of holiday.

Though no vote was taken on tl issue, a resolution to refer tl matter to the Legislative Assemfc for early consideration and if nece sary, legislation, was passed by large majority of the conventior Election in February The general elections to the n» Legislative Assembly of Weste; Samoa, which were to be held November, have now been postporn to February 4, 1961. The press Legislative Assembly will formally dissolved by the Couni of State on November 11, and t; present Cabinet Ministers will can on as a “caretaker” Governms until the day preceding the appoir; ment of the new Prime Minister The Legislative Assembly held special meeting commencing i August 31 to consider the Suppl mentary Estimates and ot h < legislation. The Assembly sat du. ing the evening hours, while t: Constitutional Convention sat du ing the day. The SupplementaE Estimates provided for an addition] expenditure of some £95,000 for t.: current year. 148 Samoa's Constitution (Continued from page 23) SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Deaths Of Islands People

W. H. (“TAVUA”) JOHNSON e of the old pioneers of Fiji, William Henry Johnson, known tionately by all as “Tavua”, at his home in Suva on August i his 99th year. :n in Lake Erie district, Canada, rew up in a hard school, folg a variety of professions and s, among them cigar-making, ligrated to Australia in 1891, in the tobacco industry in i Queensland and in Sydney, threw it up to go to Levuka, to grow tobacco.

Levuka, he married an Ausn girl, Miss Blanche Wadeson. i he left Ovalau, he took up ng at Tailevu, on Viti Levu, .rtnership with Rev. Floyd the ter at his wedding, ving to Tavua, in 1893, the prising Mr. Johnson obtained ge area of land, leased most to Indian farmers for growing its and maize, and then opened rge general store. Another •taking was maintaining boat lunication with Levuka, for were no overland roads on Viti in those days. *ause of his championing of little northern settlement he for himself the nickname xa”, and it stuck to him all fe. 1907 he sold much of his land igs to the CSR, his trading ists to Picker Bros, and went } Canada with his wife and f son William Granger, on a holiday. er returning to Fiji, he settled e growing township of Suva, i had superseded Levuka as il, and he engaged in the dement of residential property, be end of World War I, he reached middle-age and as a rty-owner and investor took lore easily, devoting much of ime to the civic activities of Municipal Council and his e hours at Suva Bowling Club, igh the years, he maintained iterest in public affairs, is survived by his only son, V. G. (“Tui”) Johnson, who is ging director of W. R. Carr & Co. (Fiji) Ltd and allied anies. His wife died in 1938.

Mr. C. B. Dupertuis

irles Bernard Dupertuis ended ? and distinguished life in the e of his adopted country, the Hebrides, in August. He was 81.

Charles Trautwein, he was in Switzerland in August, 1879, was educated there and in . He was ordained in 1904 and ' same year went to the Gilbert Ellice Islands Colony as a mary. left the mission in 1918 and married, taking at the same time the name of his mother’s family as Charles Bernard Dupertuis. For some time he and his wife lived in Australia, where their only child was born. The family then went to hve in the New Hebrides, where Mr.

Dupertuis opted for British nationality and where he held numerous positions. For a time he was interpreter at the Joint Court, and for a short time a teacher of agronomy in New Zealand, and at another he was British Resident in one of the New Hebrides Districts.

His main interest, however, was in entomology and his great contribution to New Hebrides economic life was the study of the insects that ravaged the coconut trees, particularly that of Promethoca, a sort of stick-insect that skeletonises the fronds of this palm and causes loss of production.

In 1935, he was in consultation with two British entomologists in Lau, Fiji, where the same coconut problem was being experienced, and in 1937 he went to Java to visit the famous Dutch institution of Buitenzorg. He took with him back to Vila, parasites that were known to attack the Promethoca insect.

In 1939, Dupertuis visited New Guinea and the Solomons at the time that the latter was having a great deal of trouble with premature nutfall in its plantations.

The war interrupted his research, and for some years before his death he was living in retirement in Santo, He is survived by his daughter, Cecilia, wife of Mr. Jean Ratard, of Santo.

Mr. Frank Allen

Mr. Frank Edwin Allen, who died while visiting relatives in Western Australia on August 8, was well known in Fiji, where his association with the Colony went back to 1906.

An accountant, he was with CSR Co. at Sigatoka in the period before World War I; then he was stationed at Lautoka until 1920. He married a local girl, Miss Queenie Berry, niece of Sir John Thurston, then Governor of Fiji, and they had one son, Peter.

Later. Mr. Allen, was CSR manager at Adelaide, then at Melbourne. He retired in 1942; but joined the Australian Ministry of Supply in Queensland during the war.

Finally, in 1952. he returned to Fiji and made his home at Lautoka, where his residence became a garden show-place.

Mr. Harold Adcock

An Englishman who had lived in Fiji for over 30 years, Mr. Harold Adcock died suddenly in Suva on August 11. aged 70.

Going to Fiji from Australia in the late 1920’5, he followed his trade as a draper at Levuka, with Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd. Then, he went to the drapery department of Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Suva, for some years. Apart from a period with Fiji Customs Department, at Suva wharf, he was employed’ by one or other of the Big Firms in Fiji all his life.

A skilful and keen bowler, he lived at the Suva Bowling Clubhouse and was SBC s publicity officer for some 20 years—his reports and comments on bowling in the Colony, written under the pseudonym of “Jack High” were a regular feature of the Fiji Times.

Mr. John Price

The death of Mr. John Price occurred suddenly at Savu Savu, Fiji, on August 6, at the age of 73 years.

In Mr. Price the district has lost one of its oldest and best-regarded residents. He had lived at Savu Savu for about 36 years.

Mr. Price was born in Wales and, as a young man, migrated to New Zealand and made his home at Morrinsville. There he met and married Miss Rosella Knight, of Fiji.

In 1924, Mr. Price moved to Fiji to take over “Qaranikula” c£>pra plantation at Savu Savu West, and the property has remained the family homestead to this day.

Travellers on the roadless coast of that portion of Savu Savu Bay will recall the hospitality extended to them over many years by the Price family. Mr. Price was renowned as a vocal entertainer.

He is survived by Mrs. Price; son Jack (second-officer on MV John Williams ); and his daughter, Mrs.

Lema Low (of Norfolk Island) His younger son, Teddy, was killed in action in North Africa while serving with the NZ Forces in World War 11.

Arthur H. Cresswell

As this issue goes to press, word comes from USA that Mr. Arthur H. Cresswell, of Rabaul, aged 60, died on September 6, at the Mayo Cliniq, after an operation for a double tumour of the brain.

Ratu Eroni Buresova

A Fijian who had a notable career as a Native Medical Practitioner, Ratu Eroni Buresova, died at Rewa on September 3. aged 87.

He was among the first Fijians chosen to train in hospital work and. after qualifying as an NMP, served for 36 years in the Medical Department.

Ratu Eroni was NMP delegate to the Council of Chiefs and, after he retired from the Government in 1924, he continued to serve the Council as representative for Rewa Province. 149 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

in the South Pacific Islands is growth of Australia’s strength t influence, and this will be ami the matters discussed by Mr. Am during his Pacific visit. 1 subject includes the future Solomons and New Hebrides, wh —although an expensive respi sibility of the British Coloi Office—is increasingly under influence of Australia.

Developments in the I* Hebrides have been such t Britain and France will shortly hi to get together and decide 1 where the Condominium is heac: Mr. Amery is a young man, of the Right Hon. L. S. Amery. had a very colourful World \ II record—he carried out sc dangerous secret missions in Balkans area; was wounded al he had been parachuted ii Albania to lead a force of esca[ Russian prisoners; and he was w Churchill’s personal representat in the Far East with Chis Kai-shek. surplus to requirements, but also the cane that should have been cut between June 21 and mid-September, but was not cut because they were led down the garden path by Messrs. Patel and Koya. However, with luck, the growers and the mills might put through the 199,000 tons quota by February 26, which would reduce losses generally.

There was excuse for the attitude of the growers in the first half of 1960.

They had planted up a lot of cane in good faith. Naturally they were resentful when they learned that the company not only could not accept all their cane, but proposed to purchase the 1960 cane at a lower price than that of 1959.

The company itself apparently had been misled by the world’s sugar situation; and it showed some appreciation of the grower’s feelings in June when it agreed to pay the 1959 price, and made other concessions.

On that basis, an agreement, and the commencement of cane-cutting, seemed possible in June, and again on July 24; but the bitter anti-CSR influence of the Patel group, although dwindling, kept the canegrowers idle all through July and (except for Labasa) through August, until early September.

Patience Paid During late August and early September, the Patel group tried repeatedly to induce the Governor to intervene between the CSR and growers. Sir Kenneth Maddocks conscientiously heard each plea— —showing so much patience that in the end he was sharply criticised for not showing the firmness and brutality that, in the opinion of many citizens, the Patel tactics really called for.

But patience paid off. While each argument was being carefully considered, the farmers were showing discontent and distress, and growing weariness with the Patel tactics.

The Government mobilised all reserves and some civilian volunteer troops, to protect growers who decided to cut. (See p. 69 for a report on Labasa position).

Finally, Fijian growers, and contract cutters on CSR-owned farms, began to cut cane for the mill at Ba, and on September 1 it began crushing, with supplies coming in from all the areas, from Penang to Lautoka.

This was the break-throus Within 48 hours, the trickle of cs became a flood. Within 10 days, c! ting was in progress from Sigatc to Raki Raki. and all three in on Viti Levu were in operation It was overwhelming defeat for 1 Patel gang, and some of its me bers reacted in a very ugly w Certain “leaders”, in meetings cane-farmers, urged the farmers a final resort to destroy their ca and use their land for vegetal: and other subsistence crops.

Fearing arson and violence, ■ authorities alerted their gua everywhere.

The 1960 season’s troubles over, for the moment; but gr difficulties lie right ahead. E affected Indian groups almost c tainly will try to — • Interfere with cane-cutt between now and January. • Induce strikes among the m workers. • Discourage planting of cs for the next and following seasc • Wreck pending conferences discuss next year’s cane prices t conditions.

In these matters—especially last two—there is need for grea co-operation and clearer und standing between the Governme the CSR, and the organised ca; growers.

There also is need for r authority, or new laws, to curb ve ous union organisers whose activit while ostensibly for the good of wage-earners, are generally Ir sponsible and, at times, apparer subversive. The Fiji commur must be protected against th gentry—otherwise, the commur will take steps to protect itself. to take over none of its powers except those of an advisory nature.

This attitude caused quite a split on Norfolk —and within the Council itself.

When Senator Paltridge and Mrs.

Paltridge turned up on the island foi a four day visit, Council president F, R. Needham declined an invitation by the Administrator for the Council to be represented at the airport during their arrival.

After this snub, the Council asked the Minister to meet it to discuss business later in the week. At this meeting, the Council’s one woman member. Cr. Lavinia Donkin said she apologised for the Council’s seeming rudeness at the airport, and added: “As a Norfolk Islander I say that as a people we have always been noted for our courtesy, hospitality, friendliness and loyalty.

It was a very poor show, and for my part absolute ignorance”.

Senator Paltridge said he had never heard of a case before where a community had refused powers it was offered. He suggested the Council take these over before asking for additional ones.

Hot on the heels of these activities, 21 islanders—with island women in some strength on the list—called a public meeting to discuss the snub, but more particularly the refusal of the Council to take over the reins.

Feelings were high, and fireworks were expected, but the meeting was orderly. A resolution was moved that the Council resign if not prepared to act. This was amended, for the motion to be held until the Council conferred with the convenors of the public meeting.

An announcement on what happened at this later meeting was expected on September 12.

Meanwhile, the Council resolved to send an apology to Senator Paltridge, who, no doubt, was still wondering how he managed to become involved in colleague Hasluck’s headache. recommendation on native wages which is now being considered by the Administrator, but it is expected the £3 wage will be approved because it has been made by agreement.

Nevertheless, the new wage raises many sticky problems.

What effect will it have on Administration native employees in other big centres, who will also probably insist on the higher wage?

And what effect will it also have on private industry?

The present agreement worker’s minimum wage is 25/- per month, plus rations and accommodation.

Before the war it was 10/- in Papua and 6/- in New Guinea. In 1946 this was raised to 15/- per month in both Territories and in May. 1956, the wage was increased to its present 25/-. The Board will make proposals on this figure. 150 Mr. Amery's Visit (Continued from page 18) SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

Sugar Deadlock (Continued from page 19) Norfolk Council (Continued from page 20) N. G. WAGES (Continued from page 20)

Sports Review ther Fiji Honour "Kam”

Ir. K. C. Gajadhar has fallen 3 honour of being the first dian to manage overseas an es Fiji sports team. Mr. lar, “Kam” to his friends, is and practical sports adminr. and managed the Fiji team August-September tour of nd province. s the secretary of the conl bodies of hockey and cricket , still plays cricket regularly idopts the role of hockey ! during the winter, for his initiative in making jroach to NSW, the Januaryry Fiji cricket tour may have taken place.

He worked hard behind the scenes with president Hugh Bromley to ensure the hockey tour would be a success.

It is a tribute to his popularity that even though he won the hockey managership by one vote only, his selection was warmly acclaimed by all races.

“Kam” obtained his law degree at Victoria University College, Wellington, NZ. in the early 50’s, and on tour of the Dominion, when managerial duties permitted, he renewed many acquaintances.

Till recently in private practice, he is now a Crown Counsel in the Attorney-General’s Department, Suva.

They Don't Give It To Jo, Now Prom Norman Baxter, in Suva JO LEVULA, long-striding rugby wing three-quarter, as well known in the Eastern States of Australia, as well as in his homeland of Fiji, has lost the kick which made him a warm favourite with crowds wherever he played.

Now nearing the end of his tether as a footballer, Jo still plays at Nadi, and this season had the honour of captaining the representative team from that district.

But, sadly, gone are those thrilling runs down the wing which used to bring the crowds to their feet, screaming encouragement.

Crowds fickle in their admiration, now have new heroes, and no longer does the cry, “Give it to Jo”, echo from the sideline.

In his heyday, Jo toured Australia and New Zealand twice, and Tonga once, as well as playing as far afield as Hongkong and Bangkok while he served in Malaya with the Fiji Battalion.

Jo, as boyish and likeable as ever, can look back on his career with satisfaction.

But for concentrating on rugby, he may have made a big name for himself as a sprinter. He did run seriously for a season or two and clocked better than even time for the 100 yards.

Sports fans will regret that his spectacular career is now drawing to a close.

The Best Men Won (Undoubtedly) A TONG A rugby man, who wants to be referred to as “Fair Play” for diplomatic reasons, in a letter to the Sports Editor, goes scone hot over a July Sports Review item, which he says suggests that Tonga’s victory in the recent Maori test in Tonga could possibly be credited to Maori injuries.

He says. “We won it fair and square—Tonga defeated the Maoris by being the better side.”

“Fair Play” says that during the four matches in Nukualofa only one Maori player left the field through injuries and thus only in one match did the Maoris not have their full complement because of injury.

Fair enough, “Fair Play”, Tonga rugby players are the greatest.

NO SKILL NEEDED!

Norfolk Island one day in August held a progressive triples bowls tourney, for trophies presented by the General Manager of the Norfolk Whaling Company, Mr. E. Coles.

Play was still in progress when night fell —and it found four teams still battling in a play-off. Matches were struck to see who was holding the shot, and similar vital factors.

This proved rather fruitless.

Finally it was decided to draw the winner from a hat!

Norfolk bowlers say they can’t see it happening again. The club hopes to have lights on the green shortly! was represented at the Olympic [?]s as usual. And, also as usual, public found a lot of the money to the delegation, thanks to a devoted [?]of sports enthusiasts. Mr. L. O. son organised a Suva street appeal creditable results. Here a Fijian medical student gets a contribufrom Geoff Kemp, Suva business- Who is also prominent at bowls.

Photo: C. L. Cheng.

Hollandia Yachts In Action Hollandia's Yacht Club, in Netherlands New Guinea, is one of the most progressive in the South Pacific—and its clubhouse certainly the most modern. Photographs of it appeared before in "PIM". Visitors receive honorary membership. The club has 16 yachts—and here are most of them out for a day's sailing on the broad waters of Humboldt Bay. 151 1 F 1 C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Step on board for the time of your life yj \ ' to and from America m

S.S. Mariposa S.S. Monterey

Matson service makes you feel you’re America’s special guest. Life on board these yacht-like ships is the peak in sheer travel pleasure. Each stateroom is blessed with its own hi-fi, private bath and toilet, push-button air-conditioning.

The food’s marvellous, the entertainment is fun of the first order. It’s First Class comfort all the way in these stabilized ships superb travelvalue for your money.

See your Travel Agent or Sydney: 82 Elizabeth Street . Fiji: Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Suva Auckland: 73 Queen Street . Samoa: B. F. Kneubuhl, Pago Pago Tahiti: Etablissements Baldwin, Papeete m ... mmms 152 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Fiji Direct Service

Via Panama

Regular Sailings every four weeks London to Suva & Lautoka Through Bills of Lading to

Labasa - Levuka - Apia - Pago Pago

Nukualofa - Vavau - Niue

For further particulars apply to

Bethell, Gwyn & Co. Ltd. Burns Philp

138 Leadenhall Street (south sea) co. ltd.

London E.C.3 Suva

Pacific Islands Transport Line

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S Sandefjord, Norway Motor Vessels "THORSISLE" and "THOR I"

Regular Freight and Passenger Service between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and

Tahiti Samoa - Tonga - Fiji - New Caledonia

New Hebrides - New Guinea

GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION LTD.

General Agents 432 California Street, San Francisco 4, California, U.S.A.

PAPEETE —Etablissements Donald Tahiti. APIA —Burns Philp (South Sea) Company, SUVA—Borns Philp (South Sea) Company, Ltd Lt( j NOUMEA —Etablissements Ballande.

PORT VlLA—Comptoirs Francais des Nouvelles LAE—Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd.

Hebrides. SYDNEY —Birt & Co. (Pty.) Ltd.

Shipping Time-Tables

dney-Papua-N. Guinea allings are approximate and may iry by as much as two weeks.

Montoro sails from Melbourne for , Brisbane, Port Moresby. Samarai, , Kavieng, Wewak. Madang, Lae, [oresby. Last Sydney sailing: Sept, st Sydney sailing; Nov. 11.

Malekula sails from Sydney for ie, Port Moresby, Samarai, Rabaul l , Wewak, Alexishafen, Madang, ydney. Next Sydney sailings; Oct. . 29.

Malaita, usually on Sydney, Bris- Port Moresby, Samarai, Rabaul, m, Lorengau, Madang, Lae, Samarai, ie, Sydney run, developed engine early in Sept., at Port Moresby, and has been withdrawn from until 1961.

Julolo sails about every six weeks; Brisbane, Port Moresby, Samarai, ladang, Lombrum, Rabaul. Last sailing: Sept. 21. Next Sydney sailct. 31, Dec. 12.

Is from Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., e Street, Sydney.

Soochow: Leaves Melbourne for Brisbane, Pt. Moresby, Samarai, Kavieng, Madang, Lae, Port 7, Sydney. Next Sydney sailings: L, Nov. 10 (approx.). bansi; Leaves Melbourne for Sydney, e, Port Moresby, Samarai. Lae, :, Wewak, Kavieng, Rabaul, Port 7. Sydney. Next Sydney sailings: Dec. 2 (approx.).

Sinkiang: Leaves Sydney for Bris- Port Moresby, Samarai, Honiara Rabaul, Madang, Lae, Port 7, Sydney. Next Sydney sailings: Dec. 21. ,s from New Guinea Australia Line and Yuill Pty., Ltd., agents), 6 St.. Sydney.

Elizabeth Boye: Leaves Sydney ive weeks for Port Moresby, Lae, Last Sydney sailing: Sept. 13. rdney sailing: Oct. 17 (approx.).

Ilevik; Leaves Sydney monthly for owe Is., Port Moresby, Lae. Next sailing: Sept. 26. s from Karlander (NG) Line (F. ihens Pty., Ltd., agents), 176 Day ney.

Malacca and Matupi maintain a service between Australian ports, 'lew Guinea, and Borneo. >i: Dep. Sydney Oct. 19, Brisbane Port Moresby Oct. 27, Rabaul Nov.

Nov. 5, Madang Nov. 7, thence an and Borneo ports. Returns o coastal Australian ports for turn it Adelaide. :ca: Dep. Sydney Nov. 23, Brisbane , Port Moresby Dec. 1, Rabaul Dec.

Dec. 10, Madang Dec. 12, thence an and Borneo ports. Returns to Australian coastal ports for und at Adelaide.

Is from Blue Star Line (Aust.) Pty., gents), 17-19 Bridge St., Sydney.

Sydney-Netherlands NG Three weeks service by MV’s Sigll, Silindoeng, Sibigo and Sinabang carrying passengers and cargo from East Australian ports to Hollandia, Biak and Sorong, NNG (with call at Manokwari alternate trips), thence Borneo, Bangkok, Singapore, thence Australia direct. Next Sydney sailings: Silindoeng Oct. 8, Sibigo Nov. 4, Sigli Nov. 25, Sinabang Dec. 20.

Details from Royal Interocean Lines, 255 George St., Sydney.

Netherlands NG—Papua-NG The Dutch KPM Line operates MV Arfak (70 tons) from Hollandia, NNG, on the sth of each month (approx.) to Wewak, Madang and Lae, in P-NG; and MV Karossa (2,000 tons) from Merauke (south coast of NNG) about every six weeks to Port Moresby (P-NG), Sorong (NNG), Dill (Portuguese Timor), and Singapore, with passengers and cargo.

United Kingdom-Australia- Port Moresby The Federal Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., has extended its regular quarterly UK- Australia service to Port Moresby.

The vessels sail from Liverpool via Suez to Sydney, Brisbane, Townsville, Cairns, Port Moresby. Next vessels: MV Middlesex: Port Moresby, arr. Oct. 6.

MV Durham: Port Moresby, arr. Dec. 31 (approx.), Sydney agents: Birt and Co. Pty., Ltd., 4 Bridge St. Port Moresby agents; Burns Philp (New Guinea), Ltd. 153 I FI C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

ORSOVA IBERIA ORCADES ARC ADI SYDNEY depart From Oct. 8 From Dec. 10 AUCKLAND arr/dep Japan and Oct. 11 Japan and Dec. 13 SUVA arr/dep Far East Oct. 14 Far East T>pp HONOLULU arr/dep Sept. 27 Oct. 19 Dec. 2 Dec. 21 VANCOUVER arr/dep Oct. 2-3 Oct. 24-25 Dec. 7-8 Tlan Off « SAN FRANCISCO arr/dep Oct. 5-6 Oct. 27-28 Dec. 10-11 Dec. 29-1

Los Angeles

arr/dep Oct. 7 Oct. 29 Dec. 12 Dec. 31 HONOLULU arr/dep Oct. 12 Nov. 3 Dec. 17 jan. 5 SUVA arr/dep Oct. 19 thence Japan Dec. 24 12 AUCKLAND arr/dep Oct. 22 and Far East Dec. 27 Jan 15 SYDNEY arrive Oct. 25 Nov. 30 Dec. 30 Jan. 18 Details from agents: P. and O.-Orient Lines of Aust. Pty. . Ltd., 2-6 Spring St., 1 3ydi - IP EUROPE, WEST INDIES,

New Zealand, Australia

And South Africa

The 20,000 tons all Tourist Class liner s.s. SOUTHERN CROSS emphasises the modern trend in travel with the latest in amenities: • Every cabin air-conditioned • Two swimming pools • Unencumbered sports decks • Children's play rooms and deck • Spacious lounges • Airconditioned Dining Rooms • Orchestra • Cinema Theatre • Stabilisers.

For full particulars apply FIJI Any branch or agency of Burns Philp (South Sea Co. Ltd.).

Cable Address: Burphil. TAHITI Etablissements Donald Tahiti, Papeete. Cable Address: Donald, Papeete.

Europe - Tahiti ■ BSI - Papua- NG - Netherlands NG A direct service from the Continent and London, via Panama Canal to Tahiti, BSI, Papua-New Guinea and Netherlands New Guinea is operated jointly by Nederlands Line Royal Dutch Mail and Royal Rotterdam Lloyd. There is an approximate four weeks schedule.

MV Bintang; From Continent dep. London Sept. 17, due Papeete Oct. 21, Honiara Oct. 31, Port Moresby Nov. 4, Rabaul Nov. 6, Lae Nov. 8, Madang Nov. 10, Hollandia Nov. 12. Biak Nov. 17, Manokwari Nov. 20, Sorong Nov. 23; thence Europe, via Singapore.

MV Schelde Lloyd: From Continent dep.

London Oct. 15, due Papeete Nov. 15, Honiara Nov. 23, Port Moresby Nov. 27, Rabaul Nov. 29, Lae Dec. 1, Madang Dec. 3, Hollandia Dec. 5, Biak Dec. 10, Manok- Australia-NZ-Fiji-Canada-USA Sailings of P. & O. and Orient Line Passenger Ships wari Dec. 13, Sorong Dec. 16; thence Eu: via Singapore.

MV Batu: From Continent, dep. Loi Nov. 19, due Papeete Dec. 22, Honiara I, Port Moresby Jan. 5, Rabaul Jan Lae Jan. 9, Madang Jan. 11, Holla; Jan 13, Biak Jan. 18, Manokwari Jan.

Sorong Jan. 24; thence Europe via Sii pore.

Details from Royal Interocean LI 255 George St., Sydney.

Far East-Sth. West. & Cent Pacific The China Navigation Co.. Ltd., ve Chefoo, Chekiang and Chengtu mainta 5 to 6 weeks’ service from Japan to H kong thence southwards through P ports, BSI, New Hebrides, Fiji and Caledonia: usually return to Japan di: Chengtu: From Japan, via Hongk due Rabaul Sept. 24, Madang Sept. 27, Sept. 30. Port Moresby Oct. 7, Santo 11, Suva/Lautoka Oct. 14, Noumea Oct thence direct to Japan, arr. Nov. 9.

Chefoo: Dep. Japan Oct. 3, via Hi kong, Kavieng Oct. 20, Rabaul Madang Oct. 26, Lae Oct. 29, Port Mor Nov. 5, Honiara Nov. 8, Santo Nov.

Suva/Lautoka Nov. 15. Noumea Nov. thence direct to Japan, arr. Dec. 22.

Chekiang; Dep. Japan Nov. 1, via Hi kong, Rabaul Nov. 19, Madang Nov.

Lae Nov. 26, Port Moresby Dec. 3, Horn Dec. 6. Santo Dec. 10, Suva/Lautoka 13, Noumea Dec. 21, thence direct: Japan, arr. Jan. 13.

Details from China Navigation Co., I Swire and Yuill Pty., Ltd., agents) Bridge St., Sydney.

The Australia-West Pacific Line K Aros, Citos, Delos, Milos and Samos mi tain regular services between Austras ports and Japan. Southbound vessels ft Japan call at: Hongkong, Manila, Sar kan, NG ports, BSI ports (quarterly), Hebrides (irregularly), Brisbane, Sydf Melbourne and Adelaide; northbo vessels from Sydney call at Manila Hongkong.

Aros: From Japan, via Hongkong North Borneo ports, due Lae Sept.

Brisbane Oct. 6, Sydney Oct. 10; Sydney Nov. 2, Lae Nov. 9, Rabaul Novi thence Manila and Hongkong. Dep. Hi: kong Nov. 25 for Lae Dec. 11, Brisli Dec. 17, Sydney Dec. 21; dep. Sydney i II for Japan, arr. Jan. 28.

Milos; Dep. Japan Sept. 19, via Hd kong and North Borneo ports, Mad) Oct. 7. Rabaul Oct. 9, Honiara Oct.-. 154 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

wro Oct. 14, Santo Oct. 17, Vila Oct. risbane Oct. 23, Sydney Oct. 26; dep. ;y Nov. 12, for Japan, arr. Nov. 30. aos: On first voyage in Pacific, dep. >y Oct. 29, arr. Japan Nov. 13; dep. i Nov. 21, via Hongkong and North >o ports, Madang Dec. 4, Rabaul Dec. niara Dec. 9, Vanikoro Dec. 12, Santo 16, Vila Dec. 18, Brisbane Dec. 21, :y Dec. 24. >s: Dep. Japan Oct. 4, via Hongkong.

Borneo ports, Rabaul Oct. 26, Lae 19, Brisbane Nov. 11, Sydney Nov. 14; Sydney Nov. 28 for Japan, via Manila [ongkong, arr. Dec. 25. 3s; Dep. Japan Nov. 5 for Lae Nov. risbane Nov. 29, Sydney Dec. 3. Dep. y Dec. 31 for Japan. ails from Wilh. Wilhelmsen Agency Ltd., 30 Pitt St., Sydney, and Islands s. ydney-New Hebrides-BSI- Bougainville, Etc.

Tulagi makes a round trip Norfolk ila, Santo, Honiara and BSI ports, inville ports, leaving Sydney about (very six weeks. Next Sydney sailings: !0, Dec. 5 (approx.), ills from Burns, Philp and Co., 7 ; Street. Sydney. iydney-New Caledonia- New Hebrides-Tahiti sels of Messageries Maritimes Line, g from Marseilles, via West Indies Manama, call about every six weexs peete, Vila (New Hebrides). Noumea Sydney, and return by same route, esent on this run are the motor- Tahitlen and Caledonien and a ■red vessel, Melanesien. Next Sydney *s: Melanesien Sept. 28 (at Noumea L-5, Vila Oct. 6-14, Papeete Oct. 21- Nov. 7 (at Noumea Nov.

Vila Nov. 14-22, Papeete Nov. 28- !), Tahitien Dec. 15 (at Noumea Dec.

Vila Dec. 22-30, Papeete Jan. 5-10).

Polynesie (Messageries Maritimes) ains about monthly passenger sailbetween Sydney and Noumea and ew Hebrides (Vila and Santo). Next y sailings: Sept. 23, Oct. 21, Nov. 11, ills from Sydney agents: Messageries Imes, 36 Qrosvenor Street, Sydney.

Europe-Sydney-Noumea t cargo vessels of Messageries Mari- Line maintain a regular monthly e between Dunkirk (France) and ea (New Caledonia), via French East ~ Ceylon and Australian ports. Each ccommodation for 6 to 12 passengers.

Sydney, vessels go to Brisbane and ea; then return to France via Ausa coastal ports. t sailings from Sydney for Noumea: rery Oct. 14, Vosges Nov. 7, Vivarais 7. ails from Sydney Agents: Messageries imes, 36 Grosvenor Street, Sydney.

Zealand-Fiji-Tonga-Samoa Tofua maintains a service from and to Suva, Nukualofa, Vavau, Pago Pago, Apia, Suva and return ckland. Next Auckland sailings: Oct.

J. 1, Nov. 26.

Matua maintains a service from and to Lautoka, Suva, Nukualofa, Suva, Lyttelton, Wellington and return to Auckland. Next Auckland sailings: Sept. 23, Oct. 21, Nov. 18.

Details from all offices of Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ.

Sydney-Pacific Ports- Panama-UK Shaw Savill’s one-class all-passenger liner Southern Cross makes four roundthe-world voyages per year, two westoound. then two east-bound, calling at Fiji and Tahiti every trip. Present voyage from Southampton, via Capetown; Sydney Oct. 14-16, Wellington Oct. 19-21, Suva Oct. 25, Papeete Oct. 29-30, thence via Panama Canal to Southampton, arr.

Nov. 23. Next voyage: Dep. Southampton Dec. 6 (Papeete Dec. 30, Suva Jan. 5).

Details from Shaw Savill Line, 8a Castlereagh St., Sydney.

N. Zealand-Cook Is.

The passenger vessel Maul Pomare maintains a monthly (approx.) service between Auckland, NZ, and Cook Group islands.

Details from NZ Government Department of Island Territories, Wellington, or any office of the Union SS Co. of NZ, Ltd.

N. America-Tahiti-Central Pacific-NG Pacific Islands Transport Line’s vessels Thorsisle and Thor I maintain a regular service from Pacific Coast North American ports, with sailings every alternate month.

Some ports depend on cargoes offering.

Thor I: Dep. San Francisco Oct. 6, Los Angeles Oct. 7-11, Papeete Oct. 21-24, Pago Pago Oct. 28-31, Apia Oct. 31- Nov. 2, Suva Nov. 5-7, Lautoka Nov. 8-9, Noumea Nov. 11-14, Vila Nov. 15-16, Townsville (opt.) Nov. 20-21, Rabaul/Lae (open), Apia (open), Pago Pago Nov. 28-30, Los Angeles Dec. 12-14, San Francisco Dec. 15.

Thorsisle: Dep. San Francisco Nov. 30, Los Angeles Dec. 1-3, Papeete Dec. 14-17, Pago Pago Dec. 21-23. Apia Dec. 24-27, Suva Dec. 30-31, Noumea Jan. 4-6, Apia (open), Pago Pago Jan. 11-13, Los Angeles Jan. 27-28, San Francisco Jan. 29.

Details from General Steamships Corporation Ltd., 432 California St., San Francisco, USA, and Islands Agents.

US-Tahiti-Pago Pago-Fiji- Australia Matson-Oceanic Line of San Francisco operates a regular five-weeks passengercargo service from Los Angeles with the Ventura, Sierra, Sonoma and Alameda, Southern terminal ports, in Australia, vary with cargoes offering. Vessels call at Papeete, Pago Pago, Suva, Sydney, Brisbane and other Australian ports depending on cargoes.

Next Sydney sailings from USA: Ventura Oct. 7 (approx.), Alameda Oct. 19 (approx.).

American Pioneer Line has eight ships (Pioneer Gem, Isle, Glen, Reef, Cove, Star, Tide, Gulf) on Australia - Panama -US Atlantic Coast service with calls at Papeete on southbound voyage. Sailings approx, every 3 weeks.

Sydney-Fiji-Vancouver Pacific Shipowners, Ltd., of Suva (subsidiary of W. R. Carpenter and Co.) operate a service three times yearly with the 10,000 ton. 98-passenger vessel Lakemba along the above route. Accommodation is entirely first class, two-berth cabins, with calls at Suva, Lautoka and Honolulu.

Next Sydney sailing: Late Nov.

Details from American Trading and Shipping Co. Pty., Ltd., 19 Bridge St..

Sydney.

Sydney-Fiji MV Rona (4,500 tons) leaves Sydney approximately every three weeks for Suva and Lautoka, with cargo and passengers (first class accommodation for eight). Last Sydney sailing: Sept. 14. Next Sydney sailing; Oct. 13 (approx.).

Details from Colonial Sugar Refining Co.

Ltd., 9 Bent St., Sydney.

Sydney-(or NZ)-North America Cargo vessels Waihemo and Waitomo, and others, operated by the Union Steam Ship Company of NZ, Ltd., maintain a monthly service across the Pacific, from Sydney to Vancouver and USA ports, via Suva, Lautoka, Nukualofa and Apia, as cargoes offer. Occasional calls are made at Panning Island. They have limited passenger accommodation. Next Sydney sailing: Waitomo Sept. 22.

The Waitemata, from NZ ports, makes 3-4 trips yearly to Vancouver (via Rarotonga and Papeete).

UK-Panama-Fiji The Fiji Direct Service, with various vessels, maintains sailings at regular monthly intervals out of London, via Panama, for Suva, Fiji, and occasionally to Lautoka. Bethell, Gwyn and Co., Ltd., act as Loading Brokers in London, and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd., are agents in Fiji. Cargo for transhipment at Suva to Samoa and Tonga is handled onwards by the Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ Ltd.

Sailing dates from London for 1960 (subject to alteration without notice) are as follows: Oct. 20, Nov. 17, and Dec. 15.

North America-Tahiti-N.Z.- Sydney-Fiji-Samoa-Hawaii Matson Line’s Mariposa and Monterey make round passenger trips from US Pacific Coast ports to New Zealand and Australia, via Pacific Islands ports.

Mariposa: Dep. San Francisco Oct. 2, Los Angeles Oct. 3, Papeete Oct. 11-13, Auckland Oct. 19-20, Sydney Oct. 23-26, Auckland Oct. 29, Suva Nov. 1, Pago Pago Nov. 2, Honolulu Nov. 7-8, San Francisco Nov. 13.

Monterey: Dep. San Francisco Oct. 22, Los Angeles Oct. 23-24, Honolulu Oct. 29, Papeete Nov. 4-6, Auckland Nov. 12, Sydney Nov. 15-18, Auckland Nov. 21-22, Suva Nov. 25, Pago Pago Nov. 26, Honolulu Dec. 1-2, San Francisco Dec. 7.

Details from Matson Lines, Berger House, 82 Elizabeth Street, Sydney.

Far East-Fiji-NZ Royal Interocean Lines operate a service from the Far East (Singapore) to Fiji, NZ, and Australia, with three vessels calling periodically at Suva and/or Lautoka.

They are Van Cloon, Van Nort, and Van Neck. Next calls at Fiji: Van Cloon Lautoka Oct. 15, Suva Oct. 16; Van Nort Lautoka Nov. 27, Suva Nov. 28; Van Neck Lautoka Dec. 13, Suva Dec. 14.

Details from Royal Interocean Lines, 255 George Street, Sydney. 155 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

BO'kl ‘stopover’ plan gives you a choice of 27 EUROPEAN CITIES ... at little or no extra air fare!

Rome • Naples • Venice

Milan . Geneva • Zurich

Basle • Madrid . Lisbon

Barcelona • Valencia

Paris • Nice . Brussels

Lyons • London • Vienna

Marseilles • Athens

Luxembourg • Istanbul

Amsterdam • Salzburg

Frankfurt . Innsbruck

Dusseldorf . Munich

Fly BOAC by Rolls-Royce powered Comet jetliner to London via the colourful East and Continental Europe—and enjoy a fascinating sightseeing tour on your way. By BOAC and associated airlines you can visit a selection of these cities and break your journey at little or no extra air fare. 5 Comet services weekly from Sydney—3 from Melbourne.

For full details of Luxury or Lowfare services , see your Travel Agent or Qantas Empire Airways Ltd., C BOAC General Sales Agents in Australia ).

BOAC

World Leader In Jet Travel

BRITISH OVERSEAS AIRWAYS CORPORATION WITH AIR-INDIA, QANTAS, TEAL, S.A.A. AND C.A.A.

A49.AUB4N Sydney-Tahiti-Europe The Nederland Line Royal Dutch Mi MV Johan van Oldenbarnevelt andl Oranje sail irregularly from Sydney Europe, via NZ, Tahiti and Panama Cai giving Sydney-Papeete connection in e bound direction only. Next Sydney s ings: Oranje Oct. 11 (Papeete Oct. 18- Oranje Jan. 15 (Papeete Jan. 22-23).

Details from Royal Interocean Lines, George St., Sydney.

The Italian Sitmar Line (Panama f MV’s Fairsea and Castel Felice sail f Sydney for Europe, via NZ, Papeete Panama at irregular intervals, with e bound calls at Tahiti. Next Sydney saill Fairsea Jan. 12, 1961.

Details from Navcot Aust. Pty., I 58 Margaret St., Sydney.

Tonga-Fiji Shipping Servic The Tonga Shipping Agency, as agi for the Tonga Copra Board, operate regular monthly cargo and passei service between Nukualofa and Suva i MV Aoniu, 500 tons gross. Turn-rounc Suva is usually two days, and the Ag there are W. R. Carpenter and Co. (F Ltd.

Next scheduled departure dates f Nukualofa are: Oct. 8, Nov. 5, Dec (leaving Suva about four days ’ later each case).

Airways Time-Table

Transpacific Service

1. Australia (or NZ)-Fiji- Hawaii-N. America (First and Tourist Class available betw Australia and North America; First Economy between San Francisco and L

By Qantas Empire Airways

(Boeing: 707 Jets) Effective October 1 NORTHBOUND Tues. and Sun.: Sydney (dep. 5 pj Nadi (arr. 10.55 p.m., dep 11.40 p.i Honolulu, San Francisco.

Wed. and Sat.; Sydney (dep. 5 p.m.), H (arr. 10.55 p.m., dep. 11.40 p.m.), Ho lulu, San Francisco, New York, Lon< Thurs.: Sydney (dep. 5.30 p.m.), Nadi 0 11.25 p.m., dep. Fri. 12.10 a.m.), Ho lulu, San Francisco.

Fri.: Sydney (dep. 5 p.m.l, Nadi (' 10.55 p.m., dep. 11.40 p.m.), Honolt San Francisco, extending to Vancou SOUTHBOUND Mon. and Fri.: London, New York, Francisco, Honolulu, Nadi (arr. l a.m., dep. 6.40 a.m.), Sydney (arr. 1 a.m.).

Tues., Thurs. and Sun.: San Francii Honolulu, Nadi (arr. 5.45 a.m., dep t a.m.), Sydney (arr. 9.20 a.m.).

Sat.; Vancouver, San Francisco, Honolt Nadi (arr. 5.45 a.m., dep. 6.40 a.i Sydney (arr. 9.20 a.m.). (International Dateline is crossed tween Nadi and Honolulu.) Qantas Super-Constellation aircn under charter to TEAL, from Melbow and Auckland, connect at Nadi on Wedrl day and Friday with Qantas northboc 156 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

SHIP - AIR - RAIL 5 *>PRV V

Tours Planned

EXCURSIONS HOTELS

Travel Service

For all shipping and airlines to and from the Pacific, Australia, Europe, U.S.A., Japan, etc.

Our Expert Advice Free :

European Express

COMPANY Dalton House, 115 Pitt Street, SYDNEY Telephone BW 8663-4 i, and on Thursday and Saturday outhbound flights (see table 17).

X Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electra airfrom Auckland, NZ, connect with s northbound flights at Nadi on ay and Saturday (from Christchurch) t Nadi on Wednesday (to Auckland) lunday (to Christchurch) for southflights. tas Fri. service ex-Sydney connects BOAC London service at San Fran- (dep. Sat.).

C service ex-London Mon. connects n Francisco Tues. with southbound s service; ex-London Sat. connects 3 southbound ex-San Francisco Sun.

5Y Pan American Airways

th Intercontinental Jet Clippers*) ind Thurs.: Dep. Sydney 5 p.m. for li (arr. 10.40 p.m., dep. 11.55 p.m.), lolulu and Los Angeles (arr. Mon.

Thurs. 5.25 p.m.). Connections at lolulu for San Francisco, Portland Seattle. and Sat.; Dep. Los Angeles 9.30 p.m.

Honolulu, Nadi (arr. 5.10 a.m. irs. and Mon., dep. 6.30 a.m. Thurs.

Mon.) and Sydney (arr. 8.50 a.m. irs. and Mon.). jrnational Dateline is crossed be- Nadi and Honolulu.) i American B-377 (Stratocruiser) i on connecting services Auckland, Tafuna (American Samoa), and ilu (see table 20).

Canadian Pacific Airlines

(With Super DC-6B Aircraft) Fri.: Sydney (dep. 1 p.m.), Auck- 1, Nadi (arr. Sat. 3 am., dep. 4 .), Honolulu, Vancouver, (thence by ;annia aircraft on to Amsterdam, Mon 11.35 a.m.).

Sat.: Dep. Amsterdam (by Britannia) LI p.m. for Vancouver (dep. by DC- -1.30 p.m. Sun.), Honolulu, Nadi •• Wed. 6 a.m., dep. 7 a.m.), Aucki, Sydney (arr. Wed. 5 p.m.). e: Crosses International Dateline en

Ctional Services In

PACIFIC !. Sydney-New Guinea s Australia Airlines and Ansett-ANA ; from Sydney to Lae and return C6B’s. TAA runs the service Satur- Tuesdays; Ansett-ANA Mondays, lays. Each operates the Friday alternately.

NORTHBOUND First and Tourist Classes sat. (TAA) p. Arr. , 9.45 p.m. Brisbane, 11.45 p.m.

Sun. Sun.

P- Arr. le, 12.45 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 6 a.m. p. Arr. resby, 6.45 a.m. Lae, 7.45 a.m.

First and Tourist Classes Jon. (A/ANA) p. Arr. , 9.45 p.m. Brisbane, 11.45 p.m. rues. Tues.

P- Arr. re, 12.45 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 6 a.m.

P- Arr. resby, 6.45 a.m. Lae, 7.45 a.m.

First and Tourist Classes rues. (TAA) P- Arr. , 9.45 p.m. Brisbane, 11.45 p.m.

Wed. Wed.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 12.45 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 6 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 6.45 a.m. Lae, 7.45 a.m.

First and Tourist Classes Thurs. (A/ANA) Dep. Arr.

Sydney, 8.20 p.m. Brisbane, 10.20 p.m.

Thurs. Fri.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 11.20 p.m. Townsville, 2.15 a.m.

Fri.

Dep. Arr.

Townsville, 3.15 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 6 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 6.45 a.m. Lae, 7.45 a.m.

First and Tourist Classes Fri* Dep. Arr.

Sydney, 9.45 p.m. Brisbane, 11.45 p.m.

Sat. Sat.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 12.45 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 6 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 6.45 a.m. Lae, 7.45 a.m. * TAA: Sept. 30, Oct. 14, 28. Nov. 11, 25, etc.; A/ANA: Sept. 23, Oct. 7, 21, Nov. 4, 18, etc.

SOUTHBOUND First and Tourist Classes Sun. (TAA) Dep. Arr.

Lae, 9.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 10.30 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 11.30 a.m. Brisbane, 4.45 p.m.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 5.30 p.m. Sydney, 7.35 p.m.

First and Tourist Classes Tues. (A/ANA) Dep. Arr.

Lae, 9.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 10.30 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 11.30 a.m. Brisbane, 4.45 p.m.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 5.30 p.m. Sydney, 7.35 p.m.

First and Tourist Classes Wed. (TAA) Dep. Arr.

Lae, 9.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 10.30 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 11.30 a.m. Brisbane, 4.45 p.m.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 5.30 p.m. Sydney, 7.35 p.m.

First and Tourist Classes Fri. (A/ANA) Dep. Arr.

Lae, 9.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 10.30 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 11.30 a.m. Townsville, 2.15 p.m.

Dep. Arr.

Townsville, 2.55 p.m. Brisbane, 5.40 p.m.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 6.25 p.m. Sydney, 8.30 p.m.

First and Tourist Classes Sat.* Dep. Arr.

Lae, 9.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 10.30 a.m.

Dep. Arr.

Pt. Moresby, 11.30 a.m. Brisbane, 4.45 p.m.

Dep. Arr.

Brisbane, 5.30 p.m. Sydney, 7.35 p.m. * TAA: Oct. 1, 15, 29, Nov. 12, 26, etc.; A/ANA: Sept. 24, Oct. 8, 22, Nov. 5, 19, etc. 2A. Qld.-New Guinea

Cairns-Pt. Moresby-Cairns

TAA, with Fokker Friendship (First Class Only) Alt. Mon.: Dep. Cairns 3.10 a.m., arr. Pt.

Moresby 5.30 p.m. (Oct. 3, 17, 31, Nov. 14, 28, etc.).

Alt. Tues.: Dep. Pt. Moresby 7.35 a.m., arr. Cairns 10.05 a.m. (Oct. 4, 18, Nov. 1, 15, 29, etc.).

Cairns-Pt. Moresby-Brisbane

A/ANA, with DC4 Airfreighter (Air Cargo Only) Alt. Mon. (Sept. 26, Oct. 10, 24, Nov. 14, 28): Dep. Cairns 6.30 a.m., arr. Port Moresby 9.25 a.m. Dep. Port Moresby 11.30 a.m. (same day), arr. Brisbane 6 p.m. 3. P-NG Internal Services Operated by TAA

Port Moresbt-Kikori-Baimuru

(DH Otter) Via Yule Island, Kerema, Baimuru, Kikorl: Alt. Tues.. returning same day via Baimuru, Kerema, Yule Is. (Oct. 4, 18, Nov. 1, 15. 29, etc.).

PORT MORESBY-KIKORI (DH Otter) Via Yule Is., Baimuru: Alt. Tues. returning same day (Sept. 27, Oct. 11, 25, Nov. 8, 22, etc.).

Via Ihu, Baimuru, Kikori: Alternate Thurs. (Sept. 22, Oct. 6. 20, Nov. 3, 17, etc.), returning via Baimuru, Kerema the same day.

Port Moresby-Daru (Dcs)

Via Baimuru: Alt. Thurs, returning same day via Balimo (Sept. 22, Oct. 6, 20, Nov. 3, 17, etc.).

Via Kerema, Baimuru: Alt. Wed. (Sept. 28, Oct. 12, 26, Nov. 9, 23, etc.), returning alt. Fri. (Sept. 30, Oct. 14, 28, Nov. 11, 25, etc.).

PORT MORESBY-SAMARAI (DH Otter) Port Moresby, Abau, Samara! each Mon., departing Port Moresby 8.15 a.m., returning same day.

Alt. Wed.: Port Moresby, Samaral, departing Port Moresby 8.15 a.m., returning same day (Oct. 5, 19, Nov. 2, 16, 30, etc.). 157 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

Alt. Sat.: Port Moresby, Samarai, departing Port Moresby 8.15 a.m.. returning same day (Oct. 1, 15, 29, Nov. 12, 26, etc.).

Alt. Sat.; Port Moresby, Samarai, Esa’ala. departing Port Moresby 8 15 a.m.. returning same day (Sept. 24, Oct. 8, 22, Nov. 5, 19, etc.).

L AE-MADANG-WE WAK-M ANUS-

Kavieng-Rabaul Service

(DCS) Mon.: Dep. Lae 6.30 a.m., Madang arr. 7.35 a.m. Wewak. Manus. Kavieng.

Rabaul, arr. 3.45 p.m.

Tues.: Dep. Rabaul 6.30 a.m., Kavieng.

Manus. Wewak, Madang, Lae. arr 3.55 p.m.

Thurs.: Dep. Lae 6.30 a.m., Madang.

Awar, Wewak, Manus, Kavieng, Rabaul. arr. 4.05 p.m.

Fri.: Dep. Rabaul 6.30 a.m. Kavieng, Manus, Wewak, Madang. Lae. arr. 3.55 p.m.

CENTRAL HIGHLANDS (DH Otter) Fri.: Lae (7.45 a.m.) to Wabag, calling at any of: Goroka, Nondugl, Minj, Banz, Mt. Hagen. Baiyer River, Kainantu, Wapenamunda. Wabag. Arrival back at Lae depends on stops made.

Lower Highlands

(DH Otter) Tues : Lae (7.30 a.m.) to Goroka, calling at any of Aiyura, Kaiapit, Rintebe, Kainantu, Goroka, Arena. Arrival back at Lae depends on stops made.

Lae-Bulolo-Wau

(DH Otter) Mon.: Dep. Lae 7.30 a.m., arr. Wau 8.10 a.m.

Mon.: Dep. Wau 8.25 a.m., via Bulolo, arr.

Lae 9.25 a.m.

Wed.. Sat.: Dep. Wau 925 a.m., via Bulolo, arr. Lae 10.25 a.m.

Wed., Sat.: Dep. Lae 8.30 a.m., arr. Wau 9.10 a.m.

Pt. Moresby-Wau-Bulolo (Dcs)

Wed., Sun.: Dep. Pt. Moresby 7.20 a.m., arr. Bulolo 8.30 a.m.

Wed., Sun.: Dep. Bulolo 8.50 a.m., arr. Wau 9.05 a.m., dep. Wau 9.35 a.m., arr.

Pt. Moresby 10.40 a.m.

Madang-Goroka-Madang (Dcs)

Mon.. Thurs.; Dep. Madang 10.30 a.m., via Mt. Hagen, Minj, and Banz, arr. Goroka 1.30 p.m., dep. Goroka 1.50 p.m., arr.

Madang 2.25 p.m.

Madang-Lae (Dcs)

Sun.; Dep. Madang 7 a.m., arr. Lae 8.05 a.m.

Pt. Moresby-Mt. Hagen-Mad Ano

(DCS) Tues. and Fri.: Dep. Pt. Moresby 7.30 a.m., via Goroka, Minj, and Banz, arr. Mt.

Hagen 11.50 a.m., dep. for Madang (either direct or via airfields as required) 12.20 p.m.

Sun.; Dep. Pt. Moresby 12 noon, Goroka arr. 1.50 p.m., dep. 2.20 p.m., Madang arr. 2.55 p.m.

Madang-Pt. Moresby (Dcs)

Tues., Fri. and Sun.: Dep. Madang 7.30 a.m., via Goroka, arr. Port Moresby 10.20 a.m.

New Guinea-New Britain

(DCS) Tues., Fri.: Dep. Rabaul 5.45 a.m.. Finschhafen 8.10 a.m., arrive Lae 8.45 a.m.

Tues., Wed.*, Fri., Sun.: Dep. Lae 10.30 a.m., Finschhafen 11.30 a.m., Rabaul arr. 1.45 p.m.

Wed., Sat. and Sun.: Dep. Rabaul 5.45 a.m., direct to Lae, arr. 8.15 a.m. * Calls Hoskins and Jacquinot Bay before Rabaul, on request, on Wed.

Rabaul-Buin-Rabaul (Dcs)

Thurs.: Dep. Rabaul 6.30 a.m.. Buka, Wakanai, Aropa, arr. Buin 10.30 a.m., dep. Buin 11 a.m., Aropa, Wakenai, Buka, arr. Rabaul 3 p.m.

Rabaul-Hoskins-Rabaul (Dcs)

Alt. Mon.; Dep. Rabaul 9 a.m., via Jacquinot Bay. arr. Hoskins 10.55 a m., dep. Hoskins 11.15 a.m., arr. Rabaul 12.20 p.m. (Sept. 26, Oct. 10, 24, Nov. 14, 28, etc.).

Services By Mandated Airlines

(Scheduled flights with DCS Aircraft) Mon.: Depart Lae 7 a.m. for Goroka, Madang, Wewak Madang, Rabaul— remaining overnight.

Dep. Lae 7 a.m. for Goroka, Wau, Pt.

Moresby, Wau, Lae.

Tues.: Depart Rabaul 7 a.m. for Madang, Wewak, Madang, Goroka, Lae.

Wed.: Depart Lae 7 am. for Goroka, Madang. Wewak, Momote, Kavieng, Rabaul.

Dep. Lae 7 a.m. for Goroka, Wau, Pt.

Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Dep. Madang 7 a.m. for Minj, Banz, Mt. Hagen, Madang.

Thurs.: Depart Rabaul 7 a.m. for Kavieng.

Momote. Wewak, Madang. Goroka, Lae.

Dep. Madang 7.30 a.m. for Goroka!

Wau, Pt. Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Fri.: Dep. Lae 7 a.m. for Goroka, Madang, Wewak, Momote, Kavieng, Rabaul.

Dep. Lae 7 a.m. for Goroka, Wau, Pt.

Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Dep. Madang 7 a.m. for Minj, Banz, Mt. Hagen, Madang.

Sab.: Dep. Rabaul 7 a.m. for Kavieng. Momote, Wewak, Madang Goroka, Lae. 3A. P-NG - Netherlands NG LAE-HOLLANDIA (Neth. New Guinea) TAA, with DCS aircraft Dep. Lae 11 a.m. alt. Wed. (Sept. 26, Oct. 12, 26, Nov. 9, 23, etc.), calls at Madang and Wewak, and arr. Hollandia 3.30 p.m.

Dep. Hollandia 10 a.m. alt. Thurs. (Sept. 29, Oct. 13, 27, Nov. 10, 24, etc.) and with calls at Wewak and Madang. arr.

Lae 3.50 p.m.

Biak (Nng)-Lae

Netherlands New Guinea Airlines, with DCS aircraft De Kroonduif NV (Netherlands New Guinea Airlines) maintains a fortnightly service between Biak, Hollandia and Lae with Dakota DCS aircraft. The airline is a private company operated with the assistance of the Dutch Government.

Dep. Biak, alt. Thurs. 6 a.m., arr. Hollandia 8.10 a.m.; dep. Hollandia, 12.30 p.m., arr.

Lae 4.30 p.m.

Dep. Lae alt. Fri.. 10 a.m., arr. Hollandia 1 p.m., dep. Hollandia 2 p.m., arr.

Biak 4.10 p.m. (Dep. Biak Oct. 6, 20, Nov. 3, 17, etc.; dep. Lae Oct. 7, 21, Nov. 4, 18, etc.)

Nng Internal Services

Netherlands New Guinea Airlines DCS aircraft link Biak with Hollandia.

Lae (see above), Sorong. Merauke. Tenah Merah, Kaimana, Manokwari, Noemfoer, Kebar and Ransiki; Twin Pioneer to Seroei, Genjem and Wamena; and Beaver to Steenkool, Fakfak, Kaimana, Teminabuan, Sorong, Ajamaroe, Napan, Wisselmeren, Kokonao, Wasior, Inawatan, Nabire, Arso, and Kokas. 4. Aust.-Netherlands NG KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (Super Constellation Service) A weekly service between Sydney (dep.

Fri. 3.45 p.m.) and Holland with calls at Biak, NNG (arr. Sat. 1.05 a.m., dep 2 a.m.), Manila (Philippines) and Amst dam (arr. Sun. 3.20 pm.). Dep. Amst dam Sat. 6.35 p.m., via Manila and B (arr. Tues. 12.05 a.m.) for Sydney (j Tues. 12.20 p.m.), DC7C aircraft dep. Biak Tues. and S at 2.45 a.m. for Japan, Alaska and Amst dam (arr. Wed., Sun., 1 p.m.). Dep. a sterdam Wed. and Sat. 10.50 p.m.

Alaska, Japan and Biak (arr. Sat , Ti 12.25 a.m.). 5. N. Guinea-Solomons TAA, with DCS aircraft Mon.: Dep. Lae 6 a.m. for Rabaul. Bu Munda, Yandina, Honiara (ESI), i 5 p.m. same day.

Tues.: Dep. Honiara 7 a.m. for Yandi Munda, Buka. Rabaul, Lae, arr.

P-m. same day. 6. Sydney-Noumea Qantas, with Electra International Fortnightly service, every alt. Fri.. v tourist and first (sleeper-chairs) classes Dep. Sydney alt. Fri. (Oct. 14, 28, Nov. 25, etc.) 9.15 a.m., arr. Noumea 2 t same day.

Dep. Noumea same day (alt. Fri.) ■ p.m., arr. Sydney Fri. 6.30 p.m. 7. Paris-Sydney-Noumea-Fi Fr. Polynesia-USA TAI, with DCS jet and DC7C aircral Dep. Paris by DCS every Mon. for Atht Teheran, Karachi, Bangkok, Saig Darwin, Sydney (arr. Wed. 7.30 a, dep. 9 a.m.), Noumea (arr. 12.35 pi Dep. Noumea by DC7C every Wed. 4 p.m. for Nadi (arr. 8.30 p.m., dep. £ p.m.), Bora Bora (arr. Wed. 6.25 s —connection with Papeete by 1 flyingboat, see Table 24), Honolulu, Angeles.

Dep. Los Angeles by DC7C on return fli 4.50 p.m. Sat. for Honolulu, Bora E (arr. Sun. 9.05 a.m., dep. 10.30 a.n connecting with Papeete by RAI flyi boat—see Table 24), Nadi (arr. Vf 3.20 a.m., dep. 4.20 a.m.), Nour (arr. Tues. 6.30 a.m.).

Dep. Noumea by DCS every Thurs. f a.m. for Sydney (arr. 11 a.m., « 12.30 p.m.) for Darwin, Saigon, Bas kok, Karachi, Teheran, Athens Paris (arr. Fri. 1.30 p.m.). (Note; Crosses International Dateline tween Nadi, Fiji, and Bora Bora, Fre; Polynesia.) 8. Sydney-Lord Howe Is.

Ansett Flying Boat Services Pty. Ltd) with Sandringham Flyingboats Regular return flight from Rose Bay ti each Tuesday and Saturday (with ex flight Thursday as required). 9. Sydney-Norfolk Is.

Qantas, with Skymaster DC4 aircraft Alt. Sat. (Sept. 24, Oct. 8, 22, Nov. 5, ' etc.); dep. Sydney 8 a.m., arr. NI 2 p.m.; dep. NI next day, alt. Sun (Sic 25, Oct. 9, 23, Nov. 6, 20) 2.45 pi for Sydney, arr. 6.45 p.m. (Flight tends NI-Auckland-NI. See table:)' below.) 158 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

). New Caledonia-New Hebrides TAI with DC4 aircraft and Thurs.: Dep. Tontouta (N. Cal.) 7 a.m., arr. Vila 8.55 a.m., dep. i 9.30 a.m., arr. Santo 10.45 a.m., . 12.15 p.m., arr. Vila 1.30 p.m., dep. i 2.05 p.m., arr. Tontouta 4 p.m. 1. New Caledonia-Fiji- Wallis Is.

TAI with DC4 aircraft ly, from Noumea on Oct. 9, Nov. 13, . 11, etc.

Noumea, Sun., 6.30 a.m., arr. Nadi 15 a.m., dep. 12.55 p.m., arr. Wallis 3.45 p.m. Dep. Wallis 7 a.m. Mon., Nadi 9.50 a.m., dep. 11.10 p.m., Noumea 2.15 p.m. same day. !. Norfolk Is.-Auckland L, by Qantas Skymaster (Charter) it. (Sept. 24, Oct. 8, 22, Nov. 5, 19. ). Dep. Norfolk 4 p.m., arr. Auck- -1 7.45 p.m. Ret. next day, Sun. pt. 25, Oct. 9, 23, Nov. 6, 20, etc.), i. Auckland 10.30 a.m., arr. Norfolk ) p.m. 13. Auckland-Sydney i, with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electras (except Sun.): Dep. Auckland 9.30 ~ arr. Sydney 11.55 a.m. (except Fri. and Sun.): Dep. Sydney 3 p.m., arr. Auckland 7.25 p.m.

Sun.: Dep. Sydney 10 a.m., arr. ;kland 3.55 p.m. 3A. Auckland-Brisbane i. with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electra Dep. Auckland 8.30 a.m., arr. Brise 11 a.m.

Dep. Brisbane 12 noon, arr. Auckd 6.30 p.m.

I. Sydney-Christchurch ~ with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electras Thurs., Sat.: Dep. Sydney 1 p.m., . Christchurch 7 p.m.

Thurs., Sun.; Dep. Christchurch 8 1., arr. Sydney 10.25 p.m.

Christchurch-Melbourne .j, with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electra Dep. Christchurch 8 p.m., arr. Melirne 11 p.m.

Dep. Melbourne 12.30 a.m., arr. ristchurch 7 p.m. 16. Sydney-Wellington Li, with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electra Wed., Fri., Sat.: Dep. Sydney 9 1., arr. Wellington 3.10 p.m.

Wed., Fri., Sat.; Dep. Wellington 0 p.m., arr. Sydney 7.10 p.m. 17. Melbourne-NZ-Fiji with Super Constellation chartered from Qantas Fri.: Dep. Melbourne 8.15 a.m., arr. ckland 4.15 p.m., dep. Auckland 5.15 a., arr. Nadi 10.30 p.m. Return, same xte, Thurs. and Sat. nnects at Nadi with Qantas Boeing st service from Sydney to USA.) 18. Auckland-Fiji TEAL, with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electras and Qantas Super Constellations Tues.; Dep. Auckland 6.30 p.m., arr.

Nadi 10.25 p.m.

Wed., Fri.*: Dep. Auckland 5.15 p.m., arr.

Nadi 10.30 p.m.

Fri.; Dep. Auckland 11 a.m., arr. Nadi 2.55 p.m.

Wed.: Dep. Nadi 9.30 a.m., arr. Auckland 1.30 p.m.

Thurs.. Sat.*: Dep. Nadi 7 a.m., arr. Auckland 12.15 p.m.

Fri.: Dep. Nadi 9.30 p.m., arr. Auckland 1.30 p.m. * Wed. and Fri. flights ex-Auckland, and Thurs. and Sat. flights ex-Nadi are operated by Qantas under charter to TEAL. 19. Chrisfchurch-Fiji TEAL, with Jet-Prop. Lockheed Electra Thurs.: Dep. Christchurch 7.15 a.m., arr.

Auckland 3 p.m. dep. Auckland 4 p.m., arr. Nadi 8.55 p.m.

Wed.: Dep. Nadi 9.30 a.m., arr. Auckland 1.30 p.m., dep. Auckland 2.30 p.m., arr.

Christchurch 4.15 p.m. 20. NZ-Fiji-Am. Samoa- Hawaii PAA, with 8377 (Stratocruiser) aircraft Dep. Auckland 4.45 p.m., Mon. and Thurs., arr. Nadi 10.10 p.m.; dep. Nadi Tues. only 11.30 a m., crosses International Dateline, arr. Tafuna (American Samoa) 3.50 p.m. Mon.; dep. Tafuna 5 p.m., arr. Honolulu 6.20 a.m. Tues.

Dep. Honolulu 10 p.m. Mon., arr. Tafuna 9.05 a.m. Tues.; dep. Tafuna 10 a.m., crosses International Dateline, arr. Nadi Wed. 12.45 p.m.; dep. Nadi 6 a.m., Thurs. and Mon., arr. Auckland 11.40 a.m. 21. Fiji-Tahiti TEAL, with DC6 aircraft Effective in October Sat.: Dep. Nadi 11.59 p.m., crosses International Dateline, arr. Papeete (Faaa airport) Sat. 10.25 p.m.

Sun.; Dep. Papeete 1 a.m., crosses International Dateline, arr. Nadi Mon. 7.45 a.m. (Note: Will turn round at Bora Bora (Fr. Polynesia) on Sept, and early Oct. flights until Faaa airport, Papeete, is in use.) 22. Fiji Internal Airways Fiji Airways, Ltd., with Heron and Drover Aircraft and Beaver Amphibian Suva-Nadi-Suva; Two flights dailymorning and afternoon.

Suva-Labasa-Suva: One flight daily.

Suva-Labasa-Suva (via Matei, Taveuni): One flight—Mon.

Suva-Labasa-Suva (via Savusavu): One flight—Thurs., Sat., Sun.

Suva-Savusavu-Suva: One flight—Mon.

Suva-Ura (Taveuni)-Suva: One flight Wed., Sun.

Suva-Matel-Suva; One flight—Sat.

Suva - Savusavu - Labasa - Savusavu - Matei-Suva: One flight—Tues.

Suva - Matei - Labasa - Matei - Savusavu - Suva; One flight—Fri.

Suva-Levuka-Suva: Return flights Tues. and Thurs.

Suva-Kadavu-Suva: Return flights alternate Mon. mornings (Oct. 3, 17, 31, Nov. 14, 28, etc.) and alternate Fri. afternoons (Sept. 30, Oct. 14, 28, Nov. 11, 25, etc.). 22A. Fiji-Tonga Fiji Airways, Ltd., with Heron aircraft On a non-scheduled basis, with flights generally departing Nausori (near Suva) on the morning of each fourth Thursday (Oct. 6, Nov. 3, Dec. 1, etc.) and departing Fua’amotu, Tongatapu on return flight on the following Saturday morning (Oct. 8.

Nov. 5, Dec. 3, etc.). Flying time is about three hours each way. Tourist Class only.

Details from Fiji Airways, Ltd., Suva. 23. N. Caledonia-Loyalty Is.

Internal Service TRANSPAC, with Herons and Rapides Noumea-Mare: Tues. (dep. Noumea 2 p.m., arr. Mare 4 p.m.) and Thurs. (dep.

Noumea 8 a.m., arr. Mare 10 a.m.).

Noumea-Ouvea: Wed., Thurs. and Sat. (dep. Noumea 8 a.m., dep. Ouvea 10.30 a.m.).

Noumea-Lifou: Tues., Wed., Sat., (dep.

Noumea 8 a.m., dep. Lifou 10 a.m.), Thurs. (dep. Noumea 11 a.m., dep. Lifou 1 p.m.).

Noumea-Kounie (Isle of Pines): Mon., Wed., Sat. (dep. Noumea 10.30 am., dep, Kounle, noon).

Noumea-Koumac: Mon., Sat. (dep. Noumea 1 p.m., dep. Koumac 4 p.m.); Wed. (dep. Noumea 2 p.m., dep. Koumac 5 p.m.). Note: On this flight a call will be made at Plaine des Gaiacs if required. 24. French Polynesia Inter- Island Service Rescan Aerien Interinsnlalre with Bermuda flyingboats Service to the Leeward Group (Isles Sous le Vent).

Sun.: One morning (dep. 7 a.m.) flight Papeete-Raiatea-Bora Bora (arr. 8.45 a.m.); and one morning (dep. 10 a.m.) return flight Bora Bora-Papeete-Bora Bora (arr. 4.15 p.m.).

Mon.; One morning (dep. 8 a.m.) flight Bora Bora-Raiatea-Papeete (arr. 10 a.m.).

Wed.: One morning (dep. 6.30 a.m.) return flight Papeete - Raiatea - Bora Bora - Papeete (arr. 10.45 a.m.).

Thurs.: One afternoon (dep. 3 p.m.) flight, Papeete-Bora Bora (arr. 4.15 p.m.).

Fri : One morning (dep. 7.30 a.m.) flight Papeete-Raiatea-Bora Bora (arr. 8.45 a.m ) and one afternoon flight (dep. 12.15 p.m.) Bora Bora-Raiatea-Papeete (arr. 2 p.m.).

Booking agents in Tahiti; Messageries Maritimes, Quai Bir Hakeim, Papeete. 25. Hawaii-Tahiti South Pacific Air Lines, of Honolulu, with Super-G Constellation aircraft Effective in October Weekly service by American airline, South Pacific Air Lines, from Honolulu to Faaa International Airport, Papeete.

Fri.: Dep. Honolulu 10 p.m., arr. Papeete Sat. 7.30 p.m.

Sat.: Dep. Papeete 10 p.m., arr. Honolulu Sun 7.30 a.m. (Note: Until Faaa airport is in use, SPAL will operate from Honolulu to Bora Bora, and the final 140 miles of the route will be by RAI Bermuda flyingboat to Papeete and return; see Table 24.) Details from South Pacific Air Lines, Rue Collette, Papeete, Tahiti. 159 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

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A PRODUCTOF 4>

The Parker Pen Company

160 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

QUEENSLAND INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated 1886 in Australia) Assets Exceed £13,000,000 Head Office:

Queensland Insurance

BUILDING. 80-82 PITT STREET, SYDNEY, Specialists in South__Sea__Fire, Marine & Accident Insurance Apply to;— FIJI. —Branch Office: J. P- Drury, Manager.

Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

NOUMEA.—W. Johnston.

VILA. —Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

SANTO. —Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

NEW GUINEA.— Manager for the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. R. D. Kennedy.

Port Moresby—Samarai— Lae

MADANG —KAVIENG —RABAUL.

Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd.

Resident Officer at Rabaul: K. Johnson.

Resident Officer at Lae: D. J. Granter.

HONIARA (8.5.1. P.) Wm. Breckwoldt & Company.

PAGO PAGO.

Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd- G. H. C. Reid & Co.

Other South Sea Islands

Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

Also to any of the Company’s Offices in Australia or N.Z.

Pacific Commerce and Produce Caledonian Oil French Experts "he search for oil in New edonia has been abandoned the large French Company, iete de Reserche en Noue Caledonie, formed a few rs ago to carry out exploraand research.

DECENT announcement from aris stated that no indicaons of oil had been found here in the group and it can ken as practically certain that il deposits will ever be dissd in the French Colony. ) company had a capital of 50 n francs (£250,000 Aust.), >n of which was subscribed by Slew Caledonian Government, tperts conducted an extensive 1 for oil indications and made vey of the Noumea foreshores.

Ibumea businessman, Mr. Rene ;ux, has been appointed ator to wind up the company. w Co. To Enter i Copra-Buying %de 'nTEW company, Uno Limited, as registered in Suva, Fiji, at le end of August, with the ts listed as “merchants and mtal”, but it is understood that nportant branch of its activwill be the purchase of copra. ? registered capital is £lOO,OOO 1 shares, and directors are as Tom Luey, of Suva, 500 s; Linda Luey, 300 shares; s Luey, of Wellington, NZ. 100 s; and Leslie R. Martin, of 100 shares. The registered is in Victoria Arcade, Suva.

Tom Luey is a director of 1 Trading Company of Welln, NZ. agents for the big Jap- Mitsui organisation, on whose f, it is believed, the new cornwill be operating in the Fiji , market. Mr. Martin is a well n Suva businessman with wide lercial interests, i trade statistics for 1959 pubi in August, show that the ly produced 29,932 tons of 1,064 tons of which was exd and the remainder processed le two Suva mills, le per cent, was graded HAD, ;r cent was FM-1, and 44 per was FM-2. The remaining 22 :ent. was graded sub-standard.

Cl Growers Want Copra Board Cook Islands copra producers wish to revert to marketing copra on a sixmonthly price basis, rather than on the monthly arrangement which came into force with Abels, Ltd., the NZ crushers, at the beginning of 1960.

That appeared to be the unanimous view of speakers at the recent Cl Legislative Council.

There also appeared to be firm support for the establishment of a Copra Board, as in other Island Territories, which could fix a minimum buying price and make an adjustment with producers later, on the basis of the actual price received — if the present monthly price adjustments are to continue.

The Cl Treasurer said that at present local buyers do not know exactly what to pay and the growers are not sure what they are entitled to receive. This could have an adverse effect on the industry.

Emperor Buys Out Loloma and Dolphin Mines The “big three” of Tavua goldfield, Northern Viti Levu, Fiji, in 1935-36 were Emperor, Loloma and Dolphin mines. The latter two ceased production some years ago but Emperor has continued to win gold (and pay good dividends) ever since.

Now Emperor Mines, Ltd., is to buy the remaining mining interests (stores, plant, housing and mining leases) of Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines NL and Dolphin Mines, Ltd.

The purchase is to be made through the operating subsidiary, Emperor Gold Mining Co., Ltd.

Cost will be met by the issue of 1/shares in Emperor Mines, Ltd., at a premium of 4/- a share. On this basis, Loloma will receive 234,000 shares, and Dolphin Mines 78,000 shares. At 5/- a share the total deal is worth £78,000.

Face value of the allotments will raise Emperor paid up capital by £15,600 to £111,350.

Nl Whaling Station Is Filling Its Quota Of the season’s quota of 170 whales for its Nl station, 150 have already been taken, stated directors of Norfolk Is. and Byron Bay Whaling Co., Ltd., early in September.

Operations from Barrier Is., NZ, have been “disappointing and below expectations”, though 135 whales were captured.

Byron Bay station, NSW, has accounted for 101, with 49 of the quota still to be taken.

Steamships Trading Co.

Maintains 12i Per Cent. Dividend Steamships Trading Co., Ltd., oldestablished merchants and shipowners of Port Moresby and Samarai, Papua, made a net profit of £197,405 to June 30, 1960 —a rise of £16,218 over 1959 results.

Profit was reached after providing for income tax for the first time (£45,000) and for £61,500 depreciation (up £ 1,2781.

Ordinary dividend, held at 12V2 per cent, on capital increased by bonus and cash issues, requires £117,973. Preference charge, 10 per cent., is £5,000.

Reserve gains £64,365, making a total of £1,100,000.

Of the two directors due to retire, Messrs. D. M. Spence and L. A. Willis, Mr.

Spence will not seek re-election at the annual meeting on October 10. Nomination has been received for the appointment of Mr. N. V. Johnson to the Board.

Enterprise of NG Refused Oil Prospecting Permit Enterprise of New Guinea Gold and Petroleum Development NL has been refused a petroleum prospecting permit for an area covering about 3,600 sq. miles in Northern New Guinea (adjacent to the Dutch border).

Directors say that the Administrator refused the permit because the company was unable to satisfy him that it had the necessary financial resources.

They added that reference to the financial resources was apparently based on the limited support by shareholders to the last capital issue.

The company applied for the permit on May 8, 1959, and was then required to comply to a number of conditions —one of which was adequate finance for the tasks involved. The company had previously abandoned its Permit Area 21 on the Sepik River because of the difficulty of access and the large amount of capital required for thorough exploration.

Grounded Helicopters Hold Up APCs Oil Drilling Australasian Petroleum Co.’s lehi well has been deepened from 2,432 ft. to 4,612 ft. and has entered cretaceous mudstones. 161

’ I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1960

Sydney Sales Prices

Aug. 8, ’60 Se Ball Plantations . . 14/6 16 Burns Philp .... 96/6 94 Burns Philp (SS) . . 64/- 62 C.S R £83 £81 Dylup Plantations . 12/6 12 Fiji Industries . . . 18/- 16 Hackshalls 16/- 16 Kauri Timber .... 22/- 21 Kerema Rubber . . . 11/- 10 Koitaki 30/- 36 Lolorua 12/- 11 Mariboi 10/9 11 Norfolk Is. Whaling . 7/7 e Pacific Is. Timbers . 8/- T Plantation Holdings . 9/6 n i ditto. Rights . . . t Queensland Insurance 97/- 94 Rubberlands .... 7/6 7 Sthn. Pac. Insurance 25/9 21 ditto, New .... 23/- 22 Steamships Trading . 55/3 51 ditto, New .... 5£ W. R. Carpenter Hold. 30/9 25 Timor Oil 4/6 4

Oil And Mining Shares

FIJI July 0. ’58 Aug. 8. ’60 Sej; Emperor . . b5/0 b3/9 b‘< Loloma ... — S43/9 s4^ PAPUA-NEW GUINEA Bulolo . . . b35/b41/b‘( N.G.G. Ltd. bl/0Va b2/3 b2.

Oil Search . b2/6 b5/b4( Ent. of N.G. b7d b4d b!

Pac. I. Mines —■ s!20/sll Papuan Apin. bBd b3/10 bL do. opt. . bGVad bSVad b'c Placer Dev. b86/6 bll5/b.( Sandy Creek b4d b3d bit 13% in. casing has been cemented at 2,428 Drilling operations were temporarily shut down in early August due to bad weather and because the helicopters which supply the drilling rig’s requirements of bits, mud chemicals, fuel and casing were grounded until new rotor blades were airfreighted from USA.

Netherlands NG Trade Gap Narrowed The excess trade balance of imports over exports from Netherlands New Guinea was tightened from 26 million guilders (£ A 3,058,820) in 1958 to 7 million guilders (£ A 823.530) in 1959. The 1959 trade figures were released in Hollandia in August.

Major outlets for NNG products were- Australia, mostly crude oil, valued at 6 million guilders (£A705,880), Japan 5 million guilders (£A588,250), Holland 4 million guilders (£A470.590). Chief products exported were crude oil, 13 million guilders (£A1,529.410), copra 3 million guilders (£ A 352.940), and nutmegs 2 million guilders (£A235,290).

Naturally, Holland was the main supplier of goods, worth 39 million guilders (£ A 4,588,240), with Singapore next at 11 million guilders (£A1,294,120), then Australia with 7 million guilders (£AB23 530) Principal imports were foodstuffs, grains' cereals, petrol and lubricants.

Plantation Holdings Acquire Two More Valuable Estates Plantation Holdings, Ltd., Rabaul, last month paid Rowe Bros. (NG) Ltd £40.000 cash and 85.000 fully pkid 5/- PH shares for Matanatar and Ravalien copra plantations at Kokopo. Par value for the sale was over £60.000 but, with Plantation Holdings shares at a market value of 7/6 on Sydney Stock Exchange, the deal was then worth over £70,000.

To finance the cash portion of the puricnLprice’ Plantation Holdings will issue 160.000 new 5/- shares to existing shareholders in proportion of one for one.

The new plantations have an excellent potential for copra production. The company already has Tobera and Matala plantations. New Britain, and Mageh estate, New Ireland. It also owns a large general store in Rabaul.

Fiji Exports, imports Down Last Year Fiji’s exports in 1959 totalled £13,822 232 according to figures just released. This was £729,725 less than in 1958 (£1,892 167 less than the record year, 1957).

Imports were valued at £16,856,088, second highest figure ever recorded. Value was £746.639 less than the record figure of 1958, but exceeded 1957 by £1,640.082 Increase in imports is an indication of the considerable development work carried out in the Colony during 1959.

The Colony’s unfavourable balance of visible trade was £3,033,856 compared with £3,050,770 in 1958, and a favourable trade balance of £498,393 in 1957.

The Colony’s total trade for the year amounted to £30,678,320—£ 1,476,364 less than in 1958.

UK, Canada, NZ, Australia and Western Samoa, in that order, remained the principal customers, with Japan next. The latter country more than doubled its imports from Fiji—£3B7,344 as compared with £172,353 in 1958. Next in order in 1959 came Tonga, USA, G.&E. Colony, Western Germany, and Hongkong with many other lesser destinations following.

Vacuum Co. Extends Its Oil Terminal Services A vigorous programme of oil terminal building in the Pacific has been undertaken by Vacuum Oil Co. to tie in with its inauguration of a tanker service, based on Lae. New Guinea, carried on by the “Pacific Enterprise” (see Shipping Section, page 109).

Wewak’s new installation in northern New Guinea will cost £70,000 and work has started on a six-acres site (formerly swamp land), iy 4 miles south of Wewak township. It will be completed early next year.

On New Ireland, Kavieng terminal, with two bulk storage tanks, will be built on the southern outskirts of the town at a cost of £29,000.

A Fiji building firm, Bish Ltd., has the contract to erect a terminal and ancillary facilities at Tarawa, Gilbert and Ellice Is.

It will be situated on Tarawa atoll, along the eastern foreshore of Betio Harbour, and will cost £15,750.

Other terminals will be located at Vila and Santo, New Hebrides.

No Export Duty On BSI Cocoa Until 1968 Introduced commercially to BSI in 1952, cocoa-growing is an industry that the Protectorate Government is putting a lot of faith and effort into. As a measure of assistance, the Colonial Office in 1956 agreed that no export duty would be levied on cocoa for a minimum of eight years from January, 1957.

Although the duty-free period does not end until December, 1964, the matter of an extension was raised and discussed in BSI Advisory Council last November. The Government agreed to take up the question with the Secretary of State.

At the end of August, the Western Pacific High Commission announced that no export duty will be levied on BSI cocoa for a further three years—until December, 1967. After that, export duty will be on a sliding scale for six years. Minimum and maximum percentages and the f.o.b. price range to which they will apply will then be fixed on the basis that there should be a fair margin of profit to producers before duty becomes effective.

Gold Exploration on Misima Active exploration operations on Misima Island, Eastern Papua, by Pacific Island Mines, Ltd., are still going on satisfactorily. The chairman, Mr. G. W. Noe, in the third report to shareholders, says: “The operations, since the last report to shareholders on May 20, have been concentrated in the East Imgubinaina area, and have located further extensions to the three lode structures mentioned in the report.

“Since the commencement of the company’s current operations on Misima in December, 1959, some 15,500 ft. of costeaning have been completed. This entailed the excavation of approximately 7,000 tons of ground at the very favourable direct labour cost of 2/3 per ton.

“Continued testing in the oxidised zone has shown that the combined surface length of the three lodes is at least 2,700 ft., with exposed widths ranging from 5 to 45 ft. Most of this work has been concentrated on the No. 1 lode —a well defined structure which has now been traced over a horizontal distance of some 2,200 ft. and vertical range of 300 ft.

“The results of these operations have indicated that the three lodes together contain prospective reserves of 200,000 to 300,000 tons above creek level, all of which could be cheaply developed by adits. The bulk of the gold content of the lodes occurs free as fine gold, whilst thi mainder as inclusions in small amoui residual base metal sulphides in qi The grade of these reserves will be t mined under operating conditions pilot plant. Given reasonably favou weather conditions, sections of the plant should be operating towards thi of the year.

Economic Outtoo.

TTOWEVER apprehensively Mr. Av -*■ Man views such indications a: current decline in wool pric< around 50d (58d last year), a £lO4 rr import bill in August (highest since and an expected drop of close tol million in Australia’s international serves, the Sydney Stock Market doe share his anxieties.

Its assessment of the present situ was another boom peak on Septemh when the ordinaries index rose to : on September 13 (it was pushing 1 year ago).

On ’Change, it has been a mon take-over bids (Woolworths have o to buy out Mcllrath’s grocery chain, counter to Coles’ recent purchas Mathew Thompson’s 200-odd food si and the conservative department Parmer’s, has bid for Western S richest country store chain in * There have also been good profits showed £2.3 million profit and h dozen other industrial leaders anno record results), and bonus share (notably BHP, with l-for-2).

Investors, generally, are riding with no thought of a September sai answer to the critics, they point t* undeniable fact that there is certain slackening in industry’s expansion pis 162 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

Ralph W. King & Yuill

Members of the Sydney Stock Exchange 113 PITT STREET, SYDNEY. BL 5771-2-3 Cables and Telegrams: "Ralphking" Sydney and Melbourne 84 WILLIAM STREET, MELBOURNE. 67-5089, 67-5080, 67-5127.

Branches at Grafton and Armidale VENTURA TRADING CO. PTY. LTD. 247 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY Island Merchants and Buying Agents SOLE AGENTS FOR:

• Armstrong Siddeley Diesel Engines

• Ajax Liquid Alarm Relays

• Norman Petrol Engines

• Dunedin Engine Testing Equipment

• Hollandia Canned Fish

Distributors for all plantation, farm, trade requirements and HighesTprices obtained for Cocoa, Coffee, Shell and other produce handled on consignment.

Write direct to our Islands Export Manager with over 35 years experience in the Islands.

Cables: Ventura Sy Dney

Ands Produce

less otherwise stated, quotations are stralian currency. Aust. £ equals cimately 16/- Stg., NZ, or W. r, 18/- Fiji; 2ft/- Tonga. Solomons & areas; 196 Pac. Frs.; $U52.25.) COPRA British Ministry of Pood 9-years ict, which governed Copra prices >ua and New Guinea. Fiii. Western . Solomon Islands, and Gilbert and Colony (and to some extent, in and Cook Islands) expired on Der 31. 1957; since when each Terrlas made its own arrangements for ion and marketing of copra.

CTA - NEW GUINEA;—AII production ivered to Copra Marketing Board, lied by six members, including three rs’ representatives: and the Board i distribution and sales, and makes nts to the producers. Production nalnly to (a> Unilever (under concovering 1960), (b) Australia (for consumption) and (c) crushing-mill haul. Prices generally arranged in ance with ruling rate in Philippines t. with premiums for hot-air dried, i July 1, 1960, P-NG Copra s Tentative Purchase Prices, for delivered main ports: Hot-Air Dried, per ton; FMS, £A63/10/- per ton; -Dried, £A62/10/- per ton. :—No Government control—producers here they wish. Bulk of copra goes ishing-mills in Suva. On Sept. 12 were; HAD £FSI/2/6, FM 12/6.

STERN SAMOA;—Official Copra receives all production, and sells and makes payments to producers. proportion goes to Unilever, at pines PM grade rates, plus preup to £S3 per ton for hntied. Prices since March, 1959. have Hot-air dried, £867/13/8 per ton; led No. 1, £865/3/8; sun-dried £B6l/13/8.

FOA;—Sales are under Government l. Part of production goes to Europe, arrangement with Unilever conby Philippines prices, and part open market.

OMONS; —All production marketed :h official Copra Board, at prices on Philippines market. Price deas from Sept. 1: Ist grade. £A6S; rade, £ASB/10/-; 3rd grade, £AS6 n, f.0.b., BSIP ports.

BERT AND ELLlCE:—Production ted in Europe through official Copra , at prices based on Philippines less “stabilisation fund” charges, AMOA; —Producers receive 7 cents lb. 56.8 or £ A7O/4/6 approx, per long Periodic bonus, if average proceeds Govt, buying price and exnenses. / HEBRIDES:—Price on Sept. 9 was (8.000 Pac. francs) per ton del Vila/Santo. French price on Sept, i 88,750 Metrop. francs per metric .i.f., Marseilles. >K IS. AND NIUE IS : Subject to pra contract provisions between Cook d Niue shippers and Abels. Ltd., of ind, who operate the only NZ copra ng mill, the price paid is average n price for previous month, less ing charges. Actual price paid to cers varies widely from island to , ranging from £NZ3O to £NZSO m.

CELAUS; Price is based on the ?e London price for the month prior pment to Auckland crushers.

Other Produce

COCOA:—lslands prices are based on the rate for Ghana cocoa which on Sept. 14 was £ Stg.2l7/10/- per ton c.i.f. Sydney.

W. SAMOA: —Nominal price quoted in Sydney on Sept. 12; £S2IS, f.0.b., Apia, grade 1; £S2IO, grade 2.

P.-N.G.: Sept. 12.—Quote No. 1; £255- 260 (best quality). Quote No. 2: £250 (medium grade).

COFFEE:—P.-N.G.: Sept. 12, good quality A grade, per lb, 4/2 to 4/3; B grade, 4/1; C grade, 4/- c.i.f., Sydney.

In early September world coffee market reports showed; Tanganyika—no supplies available: Kenya A, £Stg.39o, B. £Stg.3ss; Uganda Robusta, £ Stg.l37; all per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

PEANUTS: P.-N.G., Sept. 12, Kernels: White Spanish 1/6 lb del. buyer’s store; Red Spanish, 1/4; Virginia Bunch, 1/7.

In Shell, 1/- lb.

RUBBER;—P.-N.G. price is based on Singapore rate, which on Sept. 8 was: No. 1 RSS, spot, 99V 2 Straits cents per lb (35.24 d Aust.).

VANILLA BEANS: Victor Karp, Tulk & Co., Sydney, advised Sept. 12: White and yellow label, processed, standard packs, 43/6; green label, 42/6, c.i.f., Sydney.

RICE (Aust.): Prices as from May 1960 —P.-N.G.; Dry brown and dressed, 112 lb bags, 5 tons and over, £56/10/per ton, f.0.w.; under 5 tons £57 per ton. Vitamised and enriched white, 112 lb bags, 5 tons and over, £63 per ton, f.0.w.; under 5 tons, £63/10/- per ton.

Other Pac. Islands: Dry, brown, etc., £66 per ton f.0.w., Sydney or Melbourne.

PEARL SHELL.—Quotations for Australian White M.O.P. Shell in Sept, by Sydney independent shell agents were: Sound £ AB5O, D £A6OO, E £A3OO, EE £A2OO (in store Sydney). Demand reported to be falling off. Penrhyn Island: Approx. £ NZSOO, f.0.b., Rarotonga. Manihiki Island: Lagoon closed.

TROCHUS: Quote No. 1.-Papua-N.G. and 8.5.1. £l7O per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Quote No. 2; £175 per ton.

GREEN SNAIL SHELL. —Buyers are offering up to £475 per ton, but supplies are lagging.

CROCODILE SKINS: 12 in. and over, small-scale, first quality No. 1 quote: 12/per in. No. 2 quote; 11/6 per in.

PAPUAN GUM: £BO per ton del. buyer’s store, Sydney.

BECHE-DE-MER: Chang Sing Loong Co., Suva, quote 2/- to 4/- lb for well processed commercial varieties.

SHARK FINS: Suva merchants offer 3/per lb for well-dried fins of commercial quality.

London and US Quotations Copra: London, Sept. 9, Philippines, in bulk, $177 US per long ton, c.i.f., UK/ Nth. European ports. Straits/Borneo, FMS, delivered weights, c.i.f. UK/Nth. European ports, £Stg.66/10/- per long ton. (£1 Australian is equal to about 2.25 US Dollars.) Coconut Oil: London, Sept. 9, Ceylon, 1%, in bulk, £Stg.loo per ton, c.i.f., UK/Nth.

European ports. Straits, 3%, £Stg.9s c.i.f.

Rubber: London, c.i.f., Sept. 8, RSS No. 1, Spot, SOVsd Stg. per lb. 28 3 / 4 d Stg. lb.

Oct./Nov. 28d Stg. lb. July, 1961, 28y s d Stg. lb. 163 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

MUNGO SCOTT PTY. LTD.

Established 1894 AUSTRALIAN cc U 4 mm SYDNEY AUSTRALIA

Flour Millers

Summer Hill, New South Wales

Cables & Telegraphic Address: SUPERB, Sydney the original RIGA recipe Index to Advertise Adams Industries 39, 91, 123, 139 Amal. Dairies . . 80 Angliss, W., & Co. 130 Ansett-A.N.A. ... 34 Arnott, Wm. ... 2 Aust. Canvas ... 14 Ballina Slipway . 104 Bank of N.S.W. . . 32 Bank of N.Z. . . 74 Berec Ltd 90 Bethel I, Gwyn . . 153 Blau, Robt. ... 79 Blaxland-Rae . . 115 8.0.A.C 156 Bosley Clipper Co. 47 Bradford Cotton Mills Ltd. . . 166 Braybon Bros. . 120 British Dairies 74, 108 British Paints . . 16 Brunton & Co. . . 73 B.P. . 89, 93, 115, cov. iii Cadbury 12 Carlton Breweries 67, 122 Carpenter Ltd. . 76, 96, cov. iv Carnation Milk Co. 8 C'wealth. Bank . 146 Colonial Meat . 114 Colyer Watson . . 55 Crammond Co. . 102 Cystex 41 D.A.K. Meat Packers .... 62 Donald Ltd. ... 73 Douglas, W., Co. 113 Dunlop Rubber . . 58 European Express 157 Everyday Products 143 Filmo Depot . . 11l Firth Cleveland . 30 Franke & Heidecke 58 Frigate Rum . . 142 Gardner Eng. . . 106 Gilbey, W. & A l . 126 Gillespie Bros. . . 72 Gillespie, R. . 1, 167 Glaxo Lab. ... 61 Goodyear Tyre Co. 92 Gordon's Gin . . 109 G.P.H. (Suva) . . 54 Greenson Photographies ... 42 Grove Ltd. . . 70, 90 Halvorsen, B. . . 102 Hardman & Hall . 60 Hari, G. B. . . . 48 Handi-Works Co. . 70 Hastings Diesels 124 Hellaby Ltd. . . 128 Hemingway Robertson Institute . 108 Hockstadt, J. . . 97 1.C.1 3 International Harvester ... 46 Kanimbla Hall . 165 Kennedy, Capt. . 121 Kerr Bros. . . 35, 168 Kitchen, J. . . 140 King & Yuill . . 163 Kiwi Polish ... 35 Kodak 94 Kopsen & Co. , . 50 Kraft Food Co. . 7, 13 Lawrence, A. . . 66 Mcllrath's ... 49 Mac. Robertson . 38 Mai leys Ltd. . .] Manning, J. . / , Manokwari Slip-* way . . . . 1 Marino Products ..

Matson Lines .

Mendaco . . . , Methodist Hostel Millers Ltd. . . .i M. H. Ltd. . 24, Mungo Scott . .1 Nathan & Wyeth Nautical Services Nestles . . . .

N. Co. ... ; N.G. Aust. Line Nile Products . .] Nixoderm . . . ; Norman, Leonard ' N. & R | Ogden Olympic Tyre Co, Pacific Islands | Transport Line Parke Davis . 10,, Parker Pen Co. .

Penfold, W. C. .

Philips . . 112, Phoenix Ship. Co.

P. I. Society . .

Piccaninny Wax Qantas . . . .

Old. Co-op. Millin' Qld. Insurance .

Ransomes, Sims & Jeffries Ltd. .

Reckitt & Colemar Scientific Service Co Seward Ltd. . .

Shaw Savill . .

Sheaffer Pen Co.

Sisalcraft ....

South Pacific Airlines Sparklets . . .

S. P. Brewery . .

Stapleton, J. . .

Steamships Tr. .

Stewarts Lloyd .

Sthn. Pac. Ins. .

Sullivan Ltd. . ..

Swissair ....

T. . . . coi Taikoo Dockyard Tait, W. S. . 112,, Tatham, S. E. .

Taubman's Ltd. .

T.E.A.L Thornycroft Co. .

Tilley Lamp Co. .

Til lock & Co. . .

Tooth & Co. . .

Tongala Milk . ..

Turners Supply Cot Tyneside Eng. . .

Union Carbide Co.' Victa Mowers . ..

Vi-Stim ....

Ventura ....

Warnock Bros. .

Walkers Ltd. . .

Webster, D. . . „ Wesley College . , Weymark P/L . .

Whites Aviation .

Whitworth & Co.

Wilkes, E. F. . .4 Wildbridge & Sinclair . . . ■ Wilhelmsen, W. .

Wrigley's . . .

Wunderlich . .

Yardley . . . . | Yorkshire Ins. . I 164 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH E

assified Advertisements r line, 4/-; Minimum rate, 4 lines.

FOR SALE FLEETS. New 47 ft. by 15 ft. 6 ins. by 6 ft. carvel general purpose boat, very faithfully built, iy 2 inch hardwood planking, beech decks, new 61W Gardner marine diesel, 2:1 reduction, 400 gal. fuel capacity, 2 inch s.s. propeller shaft, 4y 2 ton Onazote insulated ice box, Kelvin Hughes M.S. 28 echo sounder, compass, deck and foc’sle accommodation, gas stove, s.s. sink, anchor gear. Rigid inspection invited. £9,000. Fleets, 2nd. Floor, Rowe’s Building, Edward St., Bris., Q’ld. Aust Cable: “Fleets”, Brisbane.

Stamps Wanted

WANTED SOUTH SEA ISLAND used stamps 100-2,000 lots. Wristwatches, pocket watches, Kodak 127 reflex cameras, folding fieldglasses, 5 power telescopes, manicure sets, 45 r.p.m. records, nylon stockings to size, ballpens, comic books. Robert Kahn, 1330 45th Street, Brooklyn 19 New York, U.S.A.

Enfriends Wanted

“The Crossroads of the Pacific” uarters, World’s leading Society 1933) providing world-wide oondents interested in British es and Pacific Islands study and ly exchange of ideas and hobbles illately, Conchology, etc. Write lecimen copy Club journal “Island and application form, to Secretary.

Sea Island Correspondence Club l. Fiji Is.

YOUR NEXT LEAVE Modern up to the minute homes between Dee Why and Palm Beach available to Island Residents for Holidays.

Write for information to:— J. T. STAPLETON PTY. LTD., ESTATE AGENTS, 133 PITT STREET, SYDNEY.

BL 5305, BL 1737 or any of the Branch Offices located at Dee Why, Narrabeen, Mona Vale, Avalon or Palm Beach.

Jooks, Magazines

iOOKS AND JOURNALS ON AUS-

>Sia And The Pacific Bough I

SOLD. Catalogues issued and sent n application. Correspondence In- Berk elouw. 114 King St., Sydney, one: BW 7874.

AND POST FREE—64 page illus- Bargain Catalogue. Stern’s (Dept. 200 George St.. Sydney, Australia.

Furnished Serviced Suites In Sydney Kanlmbla Hall, 19-28 Tusculum St.

Potts Point, 5 minutes city, next Kings Cross, modern, 9 floors, harbour views, restaurant. S.C., furn serviced suites with separate Lounge, Bed and Bath Rms. and Kitchenettes. Refrig., H.W.. from £2/15/- dally for 2, from £3/15/for 3. TT«,der new management.

Write or Phone: PL 4141 (9 lines); after hours. PL 4149. Telegrams; ‘‘KanlmblahaU”, Sydney.

Trade Enquiries

k JOHNSON YOUNG CO.. P.O. Box long Kong. Cable address: “Cisij”.

Kong Manufacturers’ Representa- Inquiries cordially solicited. Prices ilication. Samples available.

Ve Yourself Cars

lIRE - DRIVE LTD. Modern cars lodating 5, 6 and 9 passengers, im formalities. Rates include in- -2 and free mileage plan. Aircraft ips met. Queen’s Road, Walu Bay, P.O. Box 299). Cables; “Hiredrive”, Also at Lautoka.

Book Miscellany

We Search the World Successfully for Rare and Out-of-print Books ANTHROPOLOGY AND NUTRITION (Charles P. Mountford) Vol. 2. Records of the American/Australian Scientific Expedition to Arnhem Land—just published. Illustrated. £6/6/-, postage 5/-.

WHITE MAN’S SHOES (Olaf Reehen). New novel of the Pacific Islands. 18/9, postage 1/6.

IMPRINTS OF THE FIJI CATHOLIC MISSION, Including the Loreto Press. Limited edition. Illustrated. £2/15/-, Postage 1/-.

NEW HEBRIDEAN PAPERS—Scientific Results of the Oxford University Expedition to the New Hebrides, 1933-34 (Baker, Harrison and Others). Includes the following subjects —Botany, Ornithology, Natural History, etc. Illustrated. Bound together. £2/7/-, postage 3/9.

COP THIS LOT (Nino Culotta). Hilarious sequel to “Weird Mob’’. 17/6, postage 1/6.

Also new and secondhand Books on Australia, Art, Natural History. Gardening, Orchids.

Biographies, and General Literature. Lists free.

We are Specialists in Microscopes, Prismatic Binoculars and Day and Night Astronomical Telescopes, Magnifiers, Compasses, Barometers, etc.

N. H. SEWARD PTY. LTD. 457 Bourke Street, Melbourne, Australia. MU 6129 ACCOMMODATION SHED FLATS, Cremorne. Sydney frontage, large, comfortable, two ns, linen and cutlery. 10 minutes Enquiries: Nelson & Robertson ;d., 0.P.0. Box 5316, Sydney. Aust.

EDUCATIONAL Y, North Shore, full secretarial g, Pitman’s Shorthand, short Lindfield Secretarial Training 12 Milray St., Lindfield, N.S.W., ia.

’Osition Wanted

SHMAN, single, aged 46, of good ex R.A.F. and R N.Z.A.F., served ea, Middle East, Solomons, seeks i in Pacific Islands. Good organiser lowledge of Sales, Radio, Electrical, oving Machinery, Boats. Pit and nsider any position. Please reply R., c/o Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, 165 IPIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960

For a lifetime of hard wear in all types of weather insist on only Genuine WARDEN proofed Duck The protection of your property is assured because WARDEN is guaranteed waterproof, rotproof and colourfast.

Your guarantee is branded on the selvedge. 166 SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

GithipMA S Buying Agents for all Pacific Territories and Authorised Agents for LOTUSLAND INNERSPRING MATTRESS The Lotusland "40"

Winker Innerspring Mattress has soft, flexible prebuilt borders which cannot sag or break down with use; attractive, uniform button tufting. The spring unit is manufactured entirely in the Lotusland Factory. Look for the "40" Winker label.

POPE PRODUCTS Pope products are made in the largest and most modern organisation of its kind in the Southern Hemisphere. They include: Washing Machines, Wringmaster Wringers, Refrigerators, Wimbledon Lawn Mowers and Electric Motors.

MASSE DRY-FRESH BATTERIES They're One-Pak. Everything including drycharged battery, polythene bottles, each with its own pourer, containing acid of correct specific gravity ready to pour.

Springs into life immediately acid is added. Has Permassep Separators and Massaloy Plate grids.

GHhjpid ffii Sewice 22 ROBERT GILLESPIE Pty. ltd. “-SSi- Associate Companies ROBERT GILLESPIE (N.G.) LTD. ROBERT GILLESPIE (FIJI) LTD.

Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Port Moresby Victoria Parade, Suva 167 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— SEPTEMBER. 196 0

Before you buy canvas ask yourself is it tough? . . waterproof ? . . long-lasting ? . is it ‘Kuralon’ ? i n /\ For complete protection, insist on KURALON Synthetic Waterproof Canvas. Three times stronger than cotton, Kuralon has undergone the most rigorous tests for strength and durability. Tests have also proved that Kuralon is mould and acid resistant, completely water repellent and impervious to salt water.

KURALON ■RMlliiiiilM PHC KURALON jymiiciit vvuicipiuui luiivuj. iii luiid h llieved ■ t\UrC, 55 yds. x 36" wide. Boat awnings, I too! Strong, light and flexible hatch covers and tarpaulins made to specification. I under all conditions.

Available in three colours: Waterproof White, Waterproof Green, I Waterproof Khaki. * For complete technical information and free quotations, contact Pacific Islands sole distributors: KERR BROS. PTY. LTD. 4 O'Connell street, SYDNEY Published by PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY. LTD., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (Telephone: MA9197). Wholly set up andb printed In Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney.

{URNS PHILP (NEW GUINEA) LTD.

Eneral Merchants

Eneral Shipping

Customs Agents

Agents for: rns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd. rns Philp (New Hebrides) Ltd. rns Philp Trust Co. Ltd. eensland Insurance Co. Ltd. e Shell Co. of Australia Ltd.

Iyds of London jwarts & Lloyds (Distributors) Pty. Ltd.

Australian Agents: rns, Philp & Co. Ltd. (All States) London Agents rns, Philp & Co. Ltd., London, E.C.3.

San Francisco Agents: rns Philp Co. of San Francisco EXPORTERS OF:

Iffee Beans, Cocoa

Ans, Peanuts, Rubber

D Trocas Shell

OVERSEAS TRADE ENQUIRIES INVITED For service throughout the Islands HEAD OFFICE:

Port Moresby

BRANCHES: y Port Moresby / \ Kainantu / \ Samarai / \ Madang / \ Kcvieng / \ Kokopo / \ Wewak / \ Goroka / \ Rabaul / r'X \ Bulolo j Si \ Daru j fiQi \\Wau F L Bulo 1 FERTILISER Njsl' BP O?

ELECTRICAL GOODS TRACTORS AND machinery STATIONERY So O P^PER.Y

Floor Coverings

Sugar ■URNS PHILP (NEW GUINEA) LTD.

SEPTEMBER, 1960 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

m & c n CAPITAL £10,000,000 w- 'CkL ASSOCIATED COMPANIES: NEW GUINEA: New Guinea Co. Ltd., Rabaul, Madang, Lae, Kavieng.

Mandated Airlines Ltd., Lae.

Coconut Products Ltd., Rabaul.

PAPUA: Island Products Ltd., Port Moresby.

FIJI: W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji) Ltd.

Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Suva.

Suva Motors Ltd., Suva.

Island Industries Ltd., Suva.

Established 1914

General Merchant!

Foity-six years of Development and Service in the Pacific Wholesalers and Retailers.

Buyers for Island trade of all classes of merchandise from World Markets.

Buyers of Island Produce: Copra, Cocoa and Coffeebeans, etc.

Islands Agents for Australia European and Americ.

Manufacturers includin Electrolux, Chrysler, For McCallum's Whisky, Vic Mowers, Enfield Engine 1

Buying Enquiries

LONDON: Morris Hedstrom Ltd., 73 Cheapside, London, E.C.2.

SYDNEY: Morris Hedstrom (Australia) Pty. Ltd., 27 O'Conn St., Sydney.

Carpenter & Co. Lti

27 O'Connell St., Sydney, Australia Cable Address: "CAMOHE"

Telephone: BL 5421 Postal Address: G.P.O. Box 168, Sydil PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1960