PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly VOL. X. NO. 12.

July 15, 1940 Established 1930 [Registered at the 2/ I^ n ?^S/ 0r transmission by post as a newspaper ] 8“ A Pretty Euronesian Child in Mauke, Cook Islands

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Pacific Islands Monthl y—J u 1 y 15, 1940

Pacific News-Review

Notes And Comment On

The Progress Of The War

FROM JUNE 12 TO JULY 11 June 12: The general war situation is described in London as extremely serious.

Italy now is formally at war with the Allies. The whole German front from the end of the Maginot Line, in the east, right across to the Somme River, in the west, is moving steadily southwards. Advanced German units are as far south as Rouen, in the west, and Chateau Thierry, near the Marne. Some units are within 20 miles of Paris. Paris has been abandoned. The French armies are reported retreating in good order, but there are some indications of far reaching disorganisation and loss of morale.

It is still assumed generally that the French will give effect to their declaration, of some weeks ago, that even if they were driven out of the northern portion of their country and out of Paris, they still would continue the fight in the southern part of France; and if driven from there would fight on from their colonies in North Africa. This attitude of France, despite military disasters, explains why Turkey and Egypt are preparing to honour their obligations and assist the Allies in resisting Italy.

June 13: Paris declared an “open city” —which means that it will not be defended.

June 13: Germans are trying to separate the French armies In the centre from the Maginot Line; situation hereabouts is most critical. Part of a British division, with French troops, was surrounded near the mouth of the Somme and captured.

June 13: The British R.A.F., with undimmed spirit and courage, continue attacks upon enemy bases and communication in the Low Countries, in Germany and Northern France. Some British planes have even penetrated to Northern Italy and bombed Turin and Genoa.

June 13: Millions of pounds worth of munitions and equipment and hundreds of aeroplanes are being shipped to the Allies by the United States Government.

June 14: The German armies to-day marched into Paris and occupied the city. There was no street fighting.

June 14: The Premier (M. Reynaud) broadcast an urgent appeal to other democracies for the utmost possible help for France.

June 16: There is growing doubt whether the French will be able to hold the Maginot Line, and whether French morale will stand up to the double shock of losing Paris and the Maginot Line.

June 16: Large Russian armies have occupied Lithuania. This is causing speculation concerning Russia’s objects. Obviously, the greater the German triumph m Western Europe, the greater is the ultimate German danger in the eyes of Russia. It may be accepted as fundamental that, sooner or later, the Russians and the Germans will fight.

June 16; President Roosevelt has given renewed assurances of assistance to France.

June 17; Marshal Petain, who has become Premier of France, in a radio announcement from Bordeaux, said that “France must give up the fight”, and “I entered into negotiations with the enemy last night, as between soldiers, to determine whether any agreement could be reached to make an end to hostilities”.

It is disclosed that the Reynaud Government has been overthrown. M. Reynaud has resigned, and has disappeared In the prevailing obscurity and confusion, it is only clear that Petain is Premier and, associated with him are Weygand Laval, Badouin and other Frenchmen who are notorious Fascists, and believed to be in active negotiation with the enemy through General Franco, Fascist dictator of Spain.

It is officially announced that Britain and the British Empire are determined at all costs to continue the war against Germany.

June 17: Russian armies are marching into Esthonia and Latvia and occupying those countries, apparently as part of a defensive plan made by Russia. Russia’s intentions are a complete enigma. No one believes that the Soviet will make any move to assist the Allies.

June 17: The British aircraft carrier “Glorious”, 22,500 tons, two destroyers and a tanker of 5,600 tons were sunk by German battle-cruisers which trapped them in the Arctic, near Norway. All, although the position was hopeless, fought to the last, and went down with their guns still firing and their flags flying.

June 18: Hitler and Mussolini conferred at Munich and arranged armistice terms for France.

June 18: Before the Petain Government surrendered, the British Government, on June 16, proposed to France a Franco-British Union, so that France and Britain would fight on together as one nation. “Every citizen of France will enjoy immediately citizenship of Britain, and every British subject will become a citizen of France”, was one part of the proposed declaration. The French Government, being now dominated by Fascist anti-British elements, rejected this momentous plan, by 13 votes to 10, and then sought an armistice.

June 18: There is the utmost anxiety in England concerning the future of the French Fleet and Air Force.

Obviously, if the French Fleet goes into British hands and Japan remains neutral, the only hostile fleet facing Britain will be Italian, and Britain therefore will have domination of the seas. But if the French Fleet falls into enemy hands, French and Italian warships will be able to challenge Britain.

June 19: A raid of practically the whole of England by over 100 German planes is regarded as the first sign of German preparations to invade England. Its chief result has been the speeding up of every possible preparation to resist invasion.

June 20: Mr. Churchill said: “Even if we should be beaten down in Britain, it still will be possible for us to send our fleets across the oceans to the Dominions, whence they will protect the Empire and enable it to continue the war and the blockade of enemy countries until the Nazi regime is broken.”

June 20: There is concern about the future of the French Colonies. A French Government dominated by Nazis will not be permitted by the remaining free countries to administer the French Colonies which lie alongside their own territories.

Japan is officially asking Germany and Italy about the future of Indo-China— France’s most important Colony.

The general opinion is that, in view of the disclosed internal weakness of France, and the unlikelihood of her Colonial Empire holding together, Indo- China will pass, sooner or later, to Japan.

June 20: A contingent of Australian troops arrived in England and was given a most enthusiastic welcome. This contingent, which left Australia early in May, believed they were going to Palestine, but when Italy entered the war and rendered Red Sea navigation dangerous, the destination was changed to England.

June 21: Giving full play to his spite and his sense of drama, Hitler received the French delegates this afternoon in the* Forest of Compiegne, in the same spot and the same railway carriage where Marshal Foch dictated the armistice terms of 1918; and there he personally handed to the French delegates the terms of the armistice. The railway carriage was dug out of the Hotel des Invalides Museum, by the Germans, for this purpose.

June 21: President Roosevelt has added two notable Republicans, Colonel Knox and Mr. Stimson, as Navy and War Minister respectively, to his Cabinet— this being an indication that American effort is being united for the assistance of Britain.

June 21: There have been numerous border clashes between light forces of Italians and British in Northern Africa, along the borders of Egypt and Libya, Sudan and Abyssinia, and British and Italian Somaliland. The poor performances of the Italians give colour to the contempt in which Italian fighting services generally are held.

June 23: The armistice between France and Germany was formally signed at 4.50 p.m., on June 22, in the Forest of Compiegne. The terms will not be published, and will not become effective until after a similar armistice has been signed between France and Italy. Meanwhile, the disorganised French armies are still fighting.

June 23: The terms of the armistice have been somehow obtained and published by Britain. They provide for complete surrender by France. The northern part of France will be occupied by the Germans indefinitely. French Governm3nt, of a character to be dictated by Germany, will be permitted to function.

The French army is to be demobilised and disarmed. The French Air Force and French Fleet are to be immobilised and held by the French Government. Mr Churchill says that the terms placed France and the French Empire entirely at the mercy of the German and Italian dictators.

General de Gaulle, who was chief military assistant to Premier Reynaud, set up a French National Committee in London and is appealing to Frenchmen throughout the world to organise under his leadership and contine the war. He is making strong appeal to the French navy and the Governors of French Colonies to refuse the French Armistice.

June 24: Mr. Churchill announces that of the 400,000 British troops who went to France since the war broke out 350,000 have returned safely to England All heavy equipment south of the Somme was saved.

June 24: Air activity continues intense. Practically every night German air squadrons raid Britain, and as regularly squadrons of British bombers attack enemy bases and communications in Germany, Norway, Denmark, Holland, Belgium and Northern France.

It is always claimed that British bombers have done a great deal of harm, while German raiders over England apparently do very little harm. For that reason people are sceptical of the reports. It is officially explained that on account of the long straight roads and railways in Ger- 1 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

many, it is easy to find the airmen’s objectives, whereas there is dense vegetation and winding roads and a good deal of ground mist in England, which is one of the most difficult countries in the world to fly over. In addition, it is clear that the British airmen are more daring and have more initiative than the Germans.

June 25: The armistice between Italy and France was signed at 5.15 p.m. on June 24, and hostilities between France and the Axis powers ceased at 11.35 p.m. on June 24.

The British Prime Minister said that many solemn assurances had been given by France that the French Fleet would never be allowed to fall into German hands. It therefore, was with grief and amazement that he learned that the armistice provided that the French Fleet would be collected in specified French ports and disarmed under German and Italian control. It is officially announced that everything possible is being done to secure the French Fleet for the Allies.

General de Gaulle expects that the French Fleet will not surrender. Tne French commanders in Syria and North Africa have announced that they will fight on. Resolutions in similar terms have been announced from most of the French Colonies.

June 26: The relations between Britain and the Petain Government are obscure.

It is obvious that much will depend upon what is done with the French Fleet.

June 27: Rumania to-day acceded to a Soviet ultimatum which demanded the immediate cession to Russia of the provinces in Bessarabia and Northern Bukavina. The Russian armies are marching in, and the Rumanians are withdrawing.

The development has aroused the liveliest speculation throughout the world. Is Russia taking moves which are hostile to the Axis Powers?

June 27: The American Fleet has disappeared from Hawaii and its whereabouts is unknown. Well informed people refuse to accept the report that it is being transferred to the Atlantic.

June 28: The Republican Party nomination Mr. Wendell Wilkie as President is of great importance. Mr. Wilkie, although all his grandparents were German, is regarded as strongly pro-British, and an advocate of all possible assistance being given to Britain.

June 28: Although French Colonies generally had promised General de Gaulle that they would continue the fight, it is now revealed that the commander in Syria has announced the cessation of hostilities there. A Polish brigade with the French army marched across into Palestine and joined the British.

June 28: Japan demands that Britain shall not permit goods for the Chinese Government to pass over the new motor road in Burma.

June 30: Japan announces a “Monroe Doctrine” relating to East Asia and the South Seas—that region is to be “a corelated sphere, with Japan as the central ‘stabilising influence”. In other words, Japan will not permit any other Power to alter the status quo of any territory in that region.

June 30: Air Marshal Balbo, Italy’s most notable airman, and regarded as Mussolini’s chief rival, reported killed in an air action with British planes in Libya. There were no British planes there at the time. It is strongly suggested, therefore, that the death of Balbo was deliberately brought about by Italian officials, to get rid of a strong personality, whose criticism of Mussolini was embarrassing.

July 1; German troops enthusiastically greeted by Spanish officials on the r ranco-Spanish frontier. This may be the first step towards the alignment of Fascist Spain with the Axis Powers, so that there will be a Nazi-Facist bloc from Northern Scandinavia right down to Gibraltar, and eastward to the Balkans July 1: The return of the American Fleet to Honolulu and the announcement that it will not be withdrawn from the pacific has given relief to British communities.

July 1; The commander of the French forces in North Africa has obeyed the Petain Government’s order to cease hostilities.

July 1: It is believed that the Japanese Government, influenced by insistent demand of Army and Navy officers that this is an oportune time to take control of South East Asia is making plans relating to French Indo-China ana asking the British to alter traffic in Burma. The evacuation of British women and children from Hong Kong began to-day. They are being sent to Manila, thence to Australia. Japanese are in force near the frontier oi the Kowloon Peninsula (which is the mainlana part of the British Colony of Hong Kong).

July 2: The air war increases in intensity. Practically every night, the Germans raid Britain, but seldom achieve military damage, although they kill many civilians. But the military damage being done by the constant B.A.F, raids on Germany is enormous.

July 2: Britain expects an early attempt by Germany to invade England, via the east coast, or through Ireland, or both, but the whole country is united in making preparations on a scale never before known.

July 2: Rumania has formally repudiated all connection with Britain and France, and is now seeking the aid of, if not an active alliance with, Germany and Italy, fene is receiving little encouragement, however, as Germany does not wish to become embroiled with Russia.

The whole of Rumania’s oil resources now become available to Germany.

July 2: Britain has withdrawn all her forces and most of the 60,000 civilian population from the Channel Islands, and abandoned them to Germany, because their retention would be a military embarrassment.

July 2: The Petain Government is entirely under the domination of the Germans and Italians, and official France is increasingly anti-British. There is intense indignation in Britain because the Petain Government liberated 400 German airmen who were prisoners of war, and nearly all of whom were brought down and captured by the RA.F.

July 3: Spain, increasingly under Nazi domination, believed to be making plans to attack Gibraltar.

July 3: British bombers reached Kiel naval base, and severely damaged the battleship “Scharnhorst”, which was being repaired after contact with the British off Norway.

July 4: Britain has taken special steps to immobilise or destroy the French Fleet.

Two battleships, two light cruisers and numerous submarines, destroyers and smaller craft in British ports were seized.

A battleship, four cruisers and numerous smaller ships at Alexandria were immobilised. French Fleet at Oran, in Algeria, refused to negotiate, so a British battle squadron attacked the French ships and destroyed them all except the new battleship which escaped to sea, although badly damaged by a torpedo.

The British Prime Minister expressed his bitter regret that it was necessary to take this action, but Britain dare not allow these warships to fail into enemy •hands.

July 4: Blue Star liner “Andora Star”, 15,5 u j tons, torpedoed by Germans on her way to Canada with j.,500 uerman and Italian internees. A frightful panic occurred among the internees, resulting in about 9uu of them being arownea. untish crew and soldiers guarding the internees behaved admirably ana, weie it not for the mad panic (among the Germans especially) most would nave been saved.

As it was more than half the British crew and guards also were drowned.

July 7: Petain Government resentful of Oran action, and diplomatic relations with Britain probably will cease.

Petain Government, acting under German direction, is cancelling France's constitution and introducing a Constitution modelled on Fascist-Nazi lines.

This is the final, shameful betrayal of France by the Fascist gang which got control in Bordeaux when Reynaud was displaced.

July 7; Petain Government sent two French naval air squadrons to Gibraltar, and attacked British warships from Oran.

Madrid reports that 8 French planes attacked Gibraltar, but there were no casualties or no material damage.

July 7; K.A.F. bombers accomplished outstanding feat in laying extensive minefields along the coasts of Norway, Denmark and Holland, thus immobilising German sea transport.

July 8: As a result of much sporadic fighting in Africa, between British Colonial and Italian forces, at least 74 Italian aeroplanes destroyed, and 30 damaged. At least 12 Italian submarines destroyed in north and south of Suez Canal.

July 8: French Embassy in London is being withdrawn. Some expect a formal declaration of war upon Britain by Petain Government, acting under Nazi instructions.

July 9: British warships and seaplanes crippled the most modern and powerful of FFench battleships—‘‘Richelieu’, 35,000 tons, which had taken refuge at Dakar, French West Africa, This means that all French battleships, and large part of the smaller ships are accounted lor. Several cruisers may be in enemy hands. Position is officially described as satisfactory —Britain will retain naval superiority.

July 9: Britain now is described as a great fortress —she is ready to repel with men and arms any attempt at invasion.

July 9: Germany apparently, organising attack on Gibraltar, to get command of the straits and so transfer armies to Africa, to occupy the French Colonies and attack Egypt and the Sudan.

July 9; French Government now established at Vichy. French Chamber of Deputies and the Senate attended by half their members, practically unanimously accepted the new Fascist Constitution.

Those absent included all the Leftist and Democratic groups.

July 10: Italian squadron met British squadron in Mediterranean and fled to port at great speed, hotly pursued by British.

July 11: Russia reported to be demanding, from Turkey, control of Dardanelles.

Such a move would have vast repercussions. 2 July 15, 1 9 40—Pacific Islands Monthly

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College .... 66 Steamships Trading Co. Ltd 38 Sterling Varnish Co. 11 St. Ignatius College 37 Spinet Cigarettes . 31 Sullivan Ltd.. C. . 30 Sutton, M. . . .67 Swallow & Ariell . 58 Talkeries, The . . 27 Taylor & Co., A. . 70 “Tenax” Soap . . 45 Tilley Lamp Co. . 49 Tillock & Co. Ltd. 30 Toohey’s Ltd. . . 13 Tooth & Co. . cov. 4 United Radio Distributors Ltd. . 57 Vincent’s A.P.C. . 45 Webster, Russell G 53 West, Harry ... 70 Weymark & Son . 34 Wills Ltd., W. D. & H. 0 36 Wise Bros. Pty.

Ltd 48 Woods Peppermint Cure . . 44, 52, 63 Wright & Co. Ltd., E 41 Wunderlich Ltd. . 41 Contents Pacific News-Review 1 South Seas Travellers 3 ‘ P.l.M.’s” Tenth Birthday and the Shape of the New World .... 5 Copra Market Faces Crisis 6, 27 Liner “Niagara” Mined 7, 14 What Japan Means by “South Seas” 7 Boom in Rubber 7 French Surrender Causes Chaos in N. Hebrides 7 Makea Title in Cook Islands .... 7 Financial Strength of Pacific “Big Firms” 8 Will Gold Hold Its Value? 8 N. Hebrides Plantation Blown to Pieces 8 Record Gold Output in T.N.G 9 Future of N. Caledonia and French Oceania 9 South Pacific Airmail Inaugurated . . 10 New Industries in Norfolk Is 10 Tropicalities 11 About Islands People 13 Growth of Islands Radio Network .. 16 Salary for Papua’s Administrator .. 17 Atiu As She Is Wedded 18 Samoan Banana Production 20 With a Camera in Central Pacific .. 22 New Japanese Shipping Service .... 23 How Civilisation Changes Native Manners 25 Cook Is. Fruit Troubles 26 Tonga’s Chief Justice 27 Changes in Administration of Papua 28 A Papuan Sinabada’s Diary 30 Verse —To a Lady Seen on a Ship ~ 33 Which Was Cook’s Marae? 34 Tuberculosis in Papua 36 Half-Caste —A Memory of Mauke, C.I. 38 The Salmon Family of Tahiti 39 The Judgment of Moati 40 Late R. W. Gosset, Authority on Cook Islands 43 History of Teva Clan in Tahiti .... 44 Insect Stowaways on Pacific Airliners 46 Jottings From Rabaul 47 France’s Collapse Destroys World’s Balance of Power 48 A Trader’s Tale 52 Tonga’s Trade for 1939 53 When D.O. Bell Was Killed in 8.5.1. 54 Reign of the Combines 56 Is Tahiti’s Peace Legendary? 57 Pioneers of the N.G. Goldfields .... 58 Tribute to Mrs. A. C. Rowland, of Papeete 59 An Islands Girl in War-time London 61 Pacific Mining Reports 63 Short Wave Radio Programmes .... 65 Islands Patriotic Funds Mount .. .. 65 Copra and Rubber Prices 67 Produce and Exchange Rates 68 Count von Luckner —A Nazi Spy . . 70 Index to Volume X 71 4 July 15, 1940—Pacific Islands Monthly

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Colony of FIJI.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

French Colony of New Caledonia.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Mariana Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

TTTT FPT7OISTP f Managing Director .. BW 5037 TELEPHONE | Business and Editorial MA 7101 P.O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables; "Pacpub”, Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS.

Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES.

Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Per Annum, elsewhere, prepaid, Post Free . 10/- Slngle Copies Bd.

Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON, P.R.G.S.

Assisted by Selwyn Hughes, Advertising Manager: L. W. Bailey.

Advertising Office and Printing-House: 29 Alberta St., Sydney.

Advertising rates furnished on application.

Colours, etc by Arrangement.

Process Blocks made at Advertiser’s expense when required. Screen 100.

Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by Ist of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

IN LONDON, the Pacific Islands Monthly is on sale at the Bookstall, Australia House, The Strand, London.

AGENTS.

The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Samaral, Papua.

Steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches.

B.N.G. Trading Co., Ltd., Port Moresby.

J. Muir, Suva, FIJI.

N. C. Mackenzle-Hunt, Walnunu, Bua, FIJI.

Islands Branches and Representatives of W. H.

Grove & Sons, Ltd., Auckland. New Zealand.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

A. C. Rowland, Papeete, Tahiti.

Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation House, 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.3, from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. X. No. 12.

July 15, 1940 Priced 8d - Per c°pyrri<-el Prepaid: 8/- p.a.

This Journal's Tenth Birthday, and the Shape of the New World A Review By R. W. Robson WITH this issue, the “Pacific Islands Monthly” completes ten years of continuous publication. I take this opportunity of thanking those good friends, both subscribers and purchasers of advertising space, whose loyal and consistent support, over the years, has made possible a decade of useful life.

I can say, in all sincerity, that I believe that the “P.1.M.” has lived and grown because it has tried to give honest service in Pacific Islands affairs. Errors have been made; judgment, occasionally, has been proved wrong; but always, at least, we have tried to be of real use to Islands folk, and provide an organ through which they might express their honest convictions, without fear or favour.

The “P.1.M.” was needed. Pacific Islands residents are scattered widely over thousands of square miles of ocean; and, being without facilities for getting together or taking united action, they were also without the protection which people in more closely-knit communities enjoy in relation to administrative and economic affairs. The “P.1.M.”, at least, has been able to let them know what is going on, to present their case and to voice their comments; and, on a number of occasions, I personally have made representations in Sydney, Melbourne, Canberra, Wellington, Suva and London, concerning the Islanders’ difficulties, where they themselves were not able to take action. It is all part of what must be the chief purpose of any worth-while newspaper—the giving of public service.

The direction and editorship of this journal, during ten years, have given me great pleasure, as well as some profit. Everywhere, from Madang to Papeete, from Suva and Apia to Port Moresby and Rabaul, I have gained the friendship of men and women whom it is a delight to know —always - hopeful coconut - planters, fever-wracked administrative officials, hard-swearing miners who will unhesitatingly give their lives for a mate, lonely, self-sacrificing missionaries who never lose their faith in human nature—an infinite variety of people, caught together in a common bond of loneliness, good fellowship and quenchless optimism.

The Great Depression settled down upon us soon after the “P.1.M.” was launched, and I shall never forget the way in which the Islands communities, bereft of markets and often kept going only by the goodwill of the Big Firms, struggled on grimly through the lean years. Then came the pleasant, brief period between 1935 and 1939; and, now, we have the stresses and uncertainties of this Hitler War. Our future lies upon the knees of the high gods. Gold, copra, sugar, rubber—we cannot guess at what will be their value a year hence, or what then will be our own condition.

But I do know this: that if the people I have met in the Pacific Islands in the last ten years must make a choice between a fat and comfortable existence dominated by Nazi-dom, and fighting on until they have nothing left but their bare fists and unconquerable spirit, their decision will be quick and unanimous.

I have met the Anglo-Saxon breed in many parts of the world, and, by far, I like best the variety I have met in the Pacific Islands. Perhaps it is because men and women display their quality more, when they are isolated and thrown upon their own resources.

During these ten years, the “P.1.M.” has been well served by its correspondents. Two-Mrs. Mollie Lett, of Port Moresby, Papua, and Mr. A. M.

Gurau, of Apia, Western Samoa —have been regular contributors since the first issue, and still are going strong.

One of the remarkable discoveries of my ten years of editorship has been the amount of literary talent there is in the Islands. Is it in the breed, or is it because people have more

time to read and think, before they write? A man and a woman in New Guinea, a girl in the outer Fijis, and a man on a lonely outpost of the Southern Cook Islands—these are four people who, only recently, have contributed articles and stories, of a quality equal to the best, anywhere.

There have been many others. lon Idriess wrote for the “P.1.M.” before he launched his extraordinarily successful cycle of books. So did Errol Flynn, when he was a tobacco-grower and recruiter in New Guinea. Jack Hides, about 1934, was a hesitant and shy contributor: but, before he died, in 1938, he wrote four good books.

Our readers must have noticed the contributions of A. C. Rowland, of Tahiti. Little of that delightful and scholarly prose would have seen the light of print if we had not made contact with Mr. Rowland, an American gentleman who had retired to Papeete, in an endeavour to forget a mad, squabbling world. * * * AFTER all, the test of a journal is in its circulation, and Islanders may be interested to know that, until Mr. Hitler intervened, there were few countries in the world where there were not “P.1.M.” subscribers. The intense interest in the Islands which is felt by people in remote and distant places was another of the discoveries of my editorship. For years, residents of places like Capri (Mediterranean), North-west Canada, Cashmere (India), Tanganyika, Bermuda, Bolivia, Rio de Janeiro, Lisbon, Mexico, have been regular subscribers—l often wonder why. That “indefinable quality of the Islands”. I suppose.

One of my strangest experiences has been that of keeping tab on Hitler. On September 4, my circulation clerk and I solemnly withdrew, from our subscription cabinet, the cards relating to Germany, Austria, Poland and Czechoslovakia— quite a healthy bunch. In April, we took out the cards labelled “Denmark, Norway and Sweden”. In mid- May, I added to the dismal collection, in a drawer of my desk, the cards for Holland and Belgium. In June, I sorted out the Italian cards; and, only a few days ago, I gathered up and put away the large number relating to subscribers in France. Now. we do not send a dozen copies to the continent of Europe; a year ago, we were sending well over one hundred.

Similarly, under the withering breath of war, advertisements formerly controlled from Europe have disappeared. * * * AND there, in that last paragraph, we have a picture of the conditions under which we complete our first ten years of life, and face the incalculable future. It is a world such as we British have not known for 140 years—a tyrant dominating the whole of Central and Western Europe, supreme on the land, while Great Britain fights alone, supreme on the seas. We lose the vast markets of Europe, while we gain many of those from which the European nations are shut out by our fleets.

It is the Napoleonic situation all over again, with two great differences. In Napoleon’s time, only land or water carried transport. To-day, transport is possible also in the air, and under the water. Hitler, using under-sea boats, is trying to destroy our seapower. We, developing air strength, shall try to destroy Hitler, Beyond that, it is all speculation.

Will Hitler try to invade England, or will he leave us to feverishly expect invasion, while he “Nazifies”

France, consolidates his gains, and brings Spain actively into the Nazi bloc?

Seeing that the Petain Government virtually is at war with Britain, will Britain permit the Petain Government, operating under its German masters, to govern all the French colonies, alongside British territories?

Is time working on our side? Can we, by merely resisting invasion and holding the seas, starve out the new Nazi Empire, or does Hitler now hold enough territory in Europe to permit self-sufficiency? Can the Germans indefinitely keep in subjection the freedom-loving peoples of France, Holland, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, Poland and Czechoslovakia?

What is Russia going to do? Is her hatred of Britain so great that she prefers to await the possible destruction of Britain, before herself undertaking her inevitable task of attacking Nazi-dom?

Where is Japan going—towards the Nazis, or towards “the Anglo-American Democratic Union”? Which does Japan fear most, Russia or America?

Within the answers to those questions lie the course of the future, and the shape of the new world which the editor will contemplate when, in 1950, he reviews another decade of journalistic life.

Mr. Harold Graves, formerly P.A.A. assistant airport manager at Honolulu, Hawaii, is now acting manager for the company at Canton Island. Mr. W. J.

Mullahey has gone from Canton to New Zealand as airport manager at Auckland.

Shortage of Paper rE “Pacific Islands Monthly”, in common with all other British publications, is now subject to severe rationing of paper; and readers, in consequence, will notice that the journal is being severely condensed and compressed. This will become more marked, as time goes on.

We ask for the forbearance of readers and advertisers. Letterpress and advertising space have to be reduced, to economise in paper consumption and assist the national war effort. Under such conditions, publishers cannot expect to make profits—their efforts are concentrated on keeping their journals alive, and rendering public service.

So far as Australian publishers are concerned, there has been no move to increase rates. The general policy is to try to “take it”, and to hope that readers will be patient and generous in these difficult times.

Copra Crisis

Means of Carrying On Being Sought OWING to the lack of ships to take copra away, the position of the copra industry generally in the western Pacific Islands is exceedingly bad. The wreck of the “Admiral Wiley”, booked to lift copra in New Guinea, seems to have been the last tragic blow.

It is reported that Burns, Philp & Co.

Ltd., / in the Solomon Islands, are not able to accept any more copra, their stores being completely full. W, R. Carpenter & Co. were still buying copra there, last week, but they expected to close down soon, when their stores were full.

Much the same position obtains in New Guinea and Papua. The big firms, recognising the vital needs of the planters generally, will continue to accept copra as long as possible; but both their storage space and ability to buy are not unlimited. All our correspondents—in Port Moresby, in Samarai, in Rabaul, in Madang, and in the Solomon Islands, Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa —report the same general conditions, and the same anxiety among producers.

As we go to press, we are informed that strong representations are being made in Australia to the Commonwealth Government and to the big firms, that they should jointly try to discover some plan which they may operate, for the purpose of keeping the copra industry alive —at least, for the present.

Scientists In Fiji

THE Fahnestock Natural History Expedition is expected to reach Suva, from America, in the new schooner yacht, “Director III”, about July 15. It will spend some time in Fiji, and then will go on to New Caledonia, the Solomon Islands and the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. In each of these places it will collect ornithological and other specimens for the American Museum of Natural History, New York.

To Help Britain—Civil Servants May Forego Privileges SUVA, June 15.

A REPORT that all civil servants will forego long leave and passages for the duration of the war has been circulated throughout the Colony in recent weeks. It is stated that the idea was sponsored by a majority of Government employees, who point out that a saving of some £50,000 thus would be effected.

This money could be devoted to defence, and the people would be encouraged in unity in the Empire’s war effort.

Mr. F, A. Murray, manager of the Levuka branch of Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd., is at present on furlough in Australia, accompanied by Mrs. Murray. It is a “busman’s holiday”, however. He has taken charge of the Sydney office of the Arm, thus giving Mr. George Wilson a chance of a long-deferred holiday. Mr. and Mrs. Murray will return to Fiji in August.

Rev. Henry Worrall, who spent 12 years in Fiji as a Methodist missionary, died recently at Kew, Victoria. He arrived in Fiji about 1900 and was stationed first at Levuka and later had charge of the Rewa Circuit. 6 July 15, 1940—Pacific Islands Monthly

Phara Plantationsmoked.

Per lb. Per lb.

June. 1935 5d 6 l-16d June, 1939 7*d 8 5-16d June, 1940 15|d 12|d How They Behaved On The "Niagara"

"Inside Glimpses" From a Private Letter rERE were many Pacific Islands people on the R.M.S. “Niagara”, when she was sunk by a mine off the coast of New Zealand. Here is an account written by one of them, Mr.

Frank Exon, of Suva. Obviously, it was not written for publication—it is contained in a private letter to the editor — and the liberty of publishing it is taken because of the sidelight thrown upon the behaviour of British people, in a crisis.

It is to be remembered that the vessel was mined at 3.45 a.m., in midwinter.

"■nOTH Auckland papers reported the 13 disaster excellently, and there is little I can add. It was a good show.

“Had you told me, a month ago that the bottom could be blown out of the old ‘Niagara’, at sea, on a winter’s night —with women and children, Chinese and Indians aboard—and that everyone would be saved uninjured—that not a boat would capsize or be launched minus its plug—that not a block would jamb or a fall fail to release —I should have said it couldn’t be done. Yet all that happened.

“I have had to re-align a somewhat cynical perspective. I saw the tenderness of the oft-maligned shellbacks with the women and kiddies —the resource and even seaman-like qualities of the stewards —the coolness and deftness of the pampered modern miss, and her ability to suffer in that bleak before-dawn period —the grit of the children, despite their chattering teeth and their sea-sickness in the life-boats —the essential niceness of everyone when the bowels of the elderly women just couldn’t make it—and so on.

“Three times after we mustered, and knew we must abandon ship, did my own wife go below and collect things that would make for the comfort of our nipper (aged nine months)—even to filling a vacuum flask with boiling water and salving his Lactogen, so that he had twq Truby King meals in the life boat, and saw little wrong with his world. It took some doing, to leave the cheerful company on the decks and go below, with the knowledge that a bulkhead might go at any moment—yet she seemed to think nothing of it, nor of her coldness and sea-sickness in the boats. Eight hours later, when we reached the comfort of the rescue ships, she still would not rest but set to and washed the infant’s only clothes. And she was typical of all the women.

“But her tenseness, that night, when the reaction set in, was a pitiful thing; and it, too, I believe, was typical of all the women.

“After eight hours, an Air Force tender picked us up. It had a speed, they say, of 35 knots—but more important than that, it had a lavatory. I realised anew one of the major amenities of life!

“Another thing was the genuine sympathy and help of the Aucklanders—and their well-organised relief measures. I refer to the general public, and not necessarily to the bureaucrats, nor even the shipping companies.

“It seemed to me that a third degree by the police at 9 p.m., out in the stream, as to where everyone had been at the time of the explosion, and what were their views as to its cause—when we were rocking on our feet with weariness and cold—was a little redundant. Especially as Mr. Fraser had announced the cause as a mine, at 5.15 p.m,! . . . But one could not expect the common sense and efficiency that had prevailed throughout the day to continue indefinitely.”

What "South Seas"

Means NEWSPAPERS continue to put sensational headings over Japan’s frequent references to the “South Seas”, when outlining her foreign policy.

Pacific Islands readers should understand that when Japan refers to the “South Seas” she is referring to the seas southwards of Japan and generally northwards of the Equator—the seas which wash the shores of Japan’s own mandated islands, the Philippine Islands, and, maybe, the Dutch East Indies.

Europeans, by “South Seas”, usually mean that part of the Pacific Ocean south of the Equator. Hence the confusion, and alarm.

Rubber Boom

Para Trebled in Value in Five Years ONE of the few things which Britain has and the United States has not, is rubber; and the two nations now have formed a company for the purpose of moving reserve stocks of rubber from British to American ownership. The company will purchase reserve stock with a minimum of 100,000 tons and a maximum of 150,000 tons for shipment before December 31. In the period of purchase and accumulation of this stock the rubber will be purchased at not less than 18 to 20 American cents per lb. c.i.f. New York for standard smoked sheet, packed in cases for bales at sellers’ option, with the usual differentials for quality, deliveries, etc.

It is interesting to note what war conditions have done to the rubber market.

Here are quotations, over a series of years. The prices quoted are in sterling:—

Rush To Sell

FRANCS French Surrender Causes Chaos in New Hebrides From a Special Correspondent THE reaction of the New Hebrides to the capitulation of France was instantaneous and disastrous. The French currency and the copra industry, on which the prosperity of the Group depended, have both been strangled.

The franc reeled, and left Australian money in complete possession of the field. Residents in the New Hebrides, French, British and native, in possession of francs, made a frantic rush to dispose of them in exchange for goods and Australian money; but nobody would accept them.

Nearly all the copra that left the Group went to Marseilles. The surrender of France brought the trade and traffic to a complete standstill. The inter-island British steamer, “Mirani”, which provided a six-weekly service, was chartered by the S.C.F. (a French company formed by Messrs, Burns, Philp to facilitate business operations in the New Hebrides). The S.C.F. store in Vila has closed, and the “Mirani” has discontinued her service. Settlers in outlying islands are already out of stores.

Old Rarotongan Title Possible Appeal fro N.Z. Court IT is learned from New Zealand that the reason for Makea-elect Takau Ariki not returning at once to Rarotonga, with her small daughter Mokoroa (in accordance with the decision of Judge Ay son in awarding the title of Makea to her), was that legal proceedings are likely to develop in Wellington.

The new Makea learned, on the eve of her departure for Rarotonga, that Mr.

W. Browne intended visiting Wellington to contest the award on behalf of his wife, in the Supreme Court. The former returned to see her husband, Captain Love, before he left for England with members of the first Maori Battalion.

Makea Takau will now remain in N.Z. until the case is decided by the Court.

M V “Caroline” (formerly “Satanella”) was recently purchased by Mr. E. F. Paul, of Western Samoa and refitted for the inter-island service between Apia and Pago Pago (Am. Samoa). —Photo; A. P. McFarland. 7 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

July 5, July 5, 1939. 1940.

Burns, Philp & Co. .. . . 51/- 49/- W. R. Carpenter & Co. . . 40/- 28/- Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd. . . 23/3 21/- 1937. 1938. 1939.

Millions of oz. fine.

British Empire— Union of South Africa . 11.735 12.161 12.822 Canada 4.096 4.725 5.046 Australia 1.381 1.592 1.640 Other Empire Countries . 2.503 2.723 2.862 Total Empire 19.715 21.201 22.370 Foreign— U.S.S.R 5.000 5.000 5.000 U.S.A 4.112 4.245 4.565 Other Countries 5.936 6.572 7.215 Total World Production 34.763 37.018 39.150 Look on the Front of Your Wropper I The postage required for this issue is;— To Australia and New Zealand 2d.

To United Kingdom via All-sea routes . . .. 2d.

To United Kingdom via France 2d.

To other British Possessions 2d.

To U.S.A. and Foreign Countries 4d.

The figures stamped there (if any) show the date when your subscription expires.

This date will appear on wrappers of three issues preceding expiration, thereby giving ?. months’ notice. If, at the end of that time, we have not been instructed to continue to send the journal to you, it will be discontinued.

Your subscription (8 - per annum, or 10 - in the case of countries outside the British Empire—which includes postage) may be sent direct, or may be paid to any of our agents (listed on Page 5).

PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY. LTD.

Pacific Trading

COMPANIES Their Financial Strength and Share Values BECAUSE of the lack of ships to take their copra to the remaining markets, coconut growers in the Pacific are having a thin time. This necessarily reacts upon the finances of the big trading firms operating in the Pacific.

Their position is made very difficult by the fact that, not only is their turnover reduced, but they also are expected to finance a large proportion of the planters, and try to keep them on their plantations. The call upon their reserves is heavy—but, as demonstrated in 1914- 18, and in the Depression, their financial strength is very great, and they can take the strain.

The stock market reaction to their condition is interesting. Hereunder, are the buyers’ quotations for their ordinary £1 shares, a year ago, and last week:— In view of everything, the slight fall in Burns Philp and Morris Hedstrom shares is notable.

The fall in the investors’ estimate of the Carpenter share values is due to the fact that much of the Co.’s assets are in New Guinea, and the future of New Guinea seems uncertain. That is silly.

So far as the outcome of the war is concerned, New Guinea is in the same position as all other British-Pacific territories. Nothing of a fundamental character has been changed in the Carpenter structure, to place the shares at a disadvantage, as compared with those of the other Pacific trading companies.

All the companies are likely to have a bad time, for a while, but all three are well prepared for a siege.

Will Gold Hold

Its Value ?

World Production and the War IN addressing the annual meeting of Guinea Gold, N.L., in Adelaide recently, the chairman (Mr. C. V. T.

Wells) referred to the comparative value of gold company shares; and, subsequently, the following interesting figures, showing world production of gold, were made available: — British Empire— Percentage of Total .. 56.7 57.3 57.1 Additional particulars, covering the past ten years, show that the annual production of gold throughout the world has risen steadily and consistently from 20,836,000 oz. fine, in 1930, to 39,150,000 oz. fine, in 1939. The grand aggregate of world production, for the past ten years, stands at the remarkable figure of 293,831,000 oz. fine.

At the close of 1939, the world’s stocks of monetary gold stood at 896,100,000 oz. fine, and of this total the Central Banks and Treasuries contained 763,900,000 oz. fine, which is approximately 85 per cent.

It may be added that this gold position is one of the most important factors in the war situation. A very large proportion of the world’s known stock of gold is held by the world’s non-Nazi nations, especially the United States and the British Empire. Hitler, dominating practically all Europe except Britain and Russia, may try to replace gold with some other standard of value.

Plantation Blown

TO PIECES Poignant Hurricane Story From New Hebrides FIVE months ago, Mr. Chris E. Hill, a coconut planter, of Emae, New Hebrides, with Mrs. Hill, was enjoying furlough, and undergoing a “medical overhaul” in Sydney, which they had not visited for many years. Then he was called home —his island had been, on February 18, right in the path of one of the worst hurricanes the group had ever experienced—and the rest of the heart-breaking story is told below. It is part of a private letter to the editor, not written for publication; but it is published to show something of what these isolated men and women in the hurricane belts have to face, and their brave, philosophic spirit :— WHEN we departed on furlough I left a man and his wife in charge of the plantation, with a local firm as managing agents. I received advice that the plantation had been badly torn about, and my building and contents, including furniture and store stock, had been swept to sea.

I hurried home by first steamer and found everything in a frightful mess, and my manager missing. He certainly had a bad time during and after the blow. His wife gave birth to a child, a few days after the hurricane had blown everything, including beds, etc., to smithereens. He went to Vila, leaving anything in the way of salvage that could, and should, have been done, to the tender mercies of the native labour.

I could not get home (or what was home) for a month after the blow, so you can imagine what a heart-breaking scene met my eyes. Talk about the agonies and devastation of war, of which I had some experience in the last. There, it is either sudden death, or, if wounded, one at least gets medical attention, and one’s worries are more or less over.

Certainly there were no actual deaths in this litle hell, but one boy was knocked unconscious, and two others are in hospital suffering from wounds inflicted by flying sheets of iron.

I have lost all my buildings, furniture, stock, etc., and at least three years’ copra production.

(Continued On Next Page)

Samoan Defence Volunteers, in a swinging march along the main street of Apia, beside the lagoon, on the King’s Birthday.

(Continued from preceding page) The ways and methods of the Government are strange. Two officials were sent along to inspect the damage. This visit, of course, included my place, where the damage was done, as any one with half an eye could and can see. The natives, who certainly lost their gardens, were immediately supplied with a considerable amount of rice. My labour, who were here houseless (and, they tell me, actually hungry—l was not here at the time) received nothing, and I, on my return, received sympathy!

Now, this gift of rice enabled the natives to purchase considerable supplies of grog. The gift of rice made it unnecessary for them to buy food-stuffs; so, with the money received for their /copra, they had all the more cash to spend on grog—much to the satisfaction of the traders concerned.

As for myself, at the moment, I do not know how I can carry on, and build up again. I am not so young, or energetic as I was some years ago, when faced with a similar position. I have been “home” a fortnight now, and I can tell you I feel pretty run-down. I have spent the time clearing away debris and rubbish, trying to make a house to keep the rain out.

My launch and truck were badly damaged. The launches were pulled ashore, but a house fell on one and the other broke away, and banged against a tree stump, staving in some planks, etc. The cement walls and timber of a shed came down on the truck, smashing the bodywork and generally making a mess of it.

The wireless set was left out in the weather, and I guess I miss that piece of furniture just now as much as anything. I also had an almost complete set of “P.I.M.s” ranging from very nearly the first issue—all these things have “Gone With the Wind”, a picture we went to see before I left Sydney, as I thought the title appropriate, after hearing the news!

To make matters worse, my tools are lost, stolen, or strayed, and Vila is the only place where I might get some, 50 miles away.

Such is life in N.H. Thank God, my wife, who is far from well, remained in Sydney, and is not here yet, to witness the scenes of devastation and ruin of all we possess. It is heart-breaking, after 20 years of struggle and building up after the 1932 hurricane.

When we left on our trip, for medical overhaul and rest, everything was in great order here, and it looked as though we might reap some little return for our years of work and worry.

But fate has decreed otherwise.

NEARLY £3,000,000 Year's Record Gold Output From New Guinea From Our Own Correspondent WAU, July 6.

THE financial year closed with still another record gold output from Morobe.

The figures are not yet complete, as a considerable Quantity of gold produced in June was still undeclared at June 30.

However, the conservatively-estimated value of gold exported for the year is £A2,905,381, and the final figure will be still nearer three million pounds.

Future Of New Caledonia And French

OCEANIA Thousands Anxiously Await International Developments WHAT is going to happen to France’s colonies in the South Pacific?

The unhappy condition of the French Empire generally is described in an article on page 48; but the present position and probable future of New Caledonia, New Hebrides and French Oceania are of immediate concern to all South Pacific communities.

It is plain, now, that the Nazified Petain Government cannot administer those colonies from Europe, while Britain remains unconquered. So what?

Britain’s enemies will say that this is Britain’s chance to “grab”. The plain truth is that Great Britain does not want the French colonies but force of circumstances may compel one or more of the British nations to take action.

The Noumea report, printed hereunder, shows, plainly enough, the wishes of the New Caledonia people themselves.

A glance at the map shows New Caledonia’s importance to Australia. The great island is part of Australia’s protective fringe—New Guinea, New Britain, Solomons, New Hebrides, New Caledonia and Norfolk Islard. For strategic reasons, Australia dare not let New Caledonia or New Hebrides fall into foreign hands.

There are 10,000 Frenchmen in New Caledonia, and 1,000 in New Hebrides— a community large enough to govern itself for the present, under British or Australian protection. If France is to remain Nazi, a British protectorate over New Caledonia might become permanent.

Because of its huge mineral deposits— nickel and chrome, especially—New Caledonia has much economic value. Other nations may be indifferent concerning New Hebrides and Tahiti (French Oceania), but they would covet New Caledonia. The Japanese, for instance, have shown a keen interest in New Caledonian minerals, and have acquired several properties there, and at least one of their trans-Pacific lines of steamers calls regularly at Noumea.

In this journal, many times, we have urged that Australia should get ready to take responsibility for Papua. New Guinea, Solomons, New Hebrides and Norfolk Island, as one Pacific Administration protecting eastern and northern Australia.

Now, the unexpected collapse of France may allow New Caledonia to be added to the plan.

The position, obviously, cannot remain as it is. We may exnect to hear of interesting developments in relation to these South Pacific territories, before long.

Tahiti and French Oceania, comprising the farthest east of the Pacific Islands, have not the same interest for Australia.

Their value to the British is mostly agricultural, and romantic—they are, from the point of view of living conditions, by fa Ltbe most attractive of all the islands. ere aie> in French Oceania, about 30,000 Polynesians, 1,000 French, 5,000 Euronesians, and 5,000 Chinese. Most of the French and Euronesians, and half the Chinese, are in Tahiti.

THE General Council of New Caledonia, at an Extraordinary Session on June 25, unanimously decided that Frenchmen should continue the fight against the Axis Powers.

A resolution expressing the determination of New Caledonia, “a country French m heart and soul which cannot admit the surrender of the Bordeaux Government and its result in setting the French against their Allies of yesterday”, was sent to the British Consul at Noumea.

At 5.30 p.m. on June 25, following the usual closing hour of Noumea shops, more than 4,000 persons took part in a remarkable demonstration, which showed the attachment of the French population of New Caledonia to the British Empire.

The demonstration, which took place In front of the Town Hall, also testified to the colony’s resolution to continue the fight on the side of the British for the liberation of France.

Led by M. Daly, president of the colony’s ex-servicemen. the crowd marched to the British Consulate, where M. Daly, in an interview with the Consul, expressed the warm sentiments of the population to the British Empire.

The demonstration, which was of a calm and orderly nature, closed with the singing of “The Marseillaise” and “God Save the King”.—“S.M. Herald” report.

New Caledonia Looking to Australia By H. E. Friday, an English journalist, who arrived in Australia, from Noumea, on July 9.

NEW Caledonia, traders would like an official statement from Australia on the existing position of the Commonwealth in relation to New Caledonia and the New Hebrides.

They would like to know, for example, if New Caledonian currency (Bank of Indo-China francs) are going to be stabilised in relation to the Australian pound, and, if so, at what rate. At the moment, visitors to the Commonwealth from New Caledonia are unable to change their francs at Australian banks.

Now that New Caledonia is cut off from France and must buy practically all her requirements in Australia, she is looking to the Commonwealth as a more important outlet for her minerals, coffee and other produce. A revision, or abolition, of duties on N. Caledonian produce is essential, it seems, so long as the war, necessitating the most complete co-operation with the Colony, continues. This should be part of any working agreement (perhaps a barter arrangement) come to with the Government of New Caledonia, either with or without the implicit consent of the Petain Government.

Australians cannot be told too often that New Caledonia, right on their doorstep, is a land tremendously rich in certain minerals. Up to now the Colony has been scandalously neglected by the Australian press.

What New Caledonians are beginning to ask themselves is whether the Bank of Indo-China monopoly is in the best interests of the country. It would possibly stimulate trade relations, as well as tourist traffic, if a branch of an Australian bank was allowed to open and operate in Noumea.

Two Fijian gold mining companies, Emperor and Loloma, have each subscribed £lO,OOO towards the interest-free loan issued by the Commonwealth Government. 9 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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S. Pacific Airmail Inaugurated at Last PAN-AMERICAN AIRWAYS’ new airmail service between San Francisco and Auckland, via Honolulu, Canton Island and Noumea, was inaugurated on a fortnightly basis on July 12, when a 44-tons Boeing seaplane, with mails and cargo only, left ’Frisco.

Australian airmails for Britain now go via Batavia, Singapore, Manila, and Pan- American Airways’ North Pacific and Atlantic services. The route will be changed to the South Pacific service, when it has been tested and made weekly, both ways.

Fiji, for some unknown reason, is not included. Yet it is practically on the direct route between Canton Island and Noumea.

New Industries In

NORFOLK IS.

Plan For Sheltered Anchorage UNDER the energetic direction of the present Administrator (Major- General Sir Charles Rosenthal), Norfolk Island has been making steady economic progress.

The passionfruit-canning industry established there by Mr. A. Flack, of Sydney, was not the success anticipated; but the residents, who already were running a co-operative dairy factory satisfactorily desired to establish also, alongside it, a factory for canning passionfruit. This saved the passlonfruit industry. Messrs. Cottee. of Australia, are taking all the canned passionfruit that can be produced.

Bean production, which had tended to languish, has been revived. N.I. beans are famous, and th°re is a good, constant demand for them in Australia. The Administrator has been trying to introduce new strains, to further improve the quality.

N.I. bananas sell in Sydney, at a high price, netting 7/- per case to the grower; and N.I. oranges are being sent to New Zealand.

Phormium tenax, a flax plant almost identical with that of New Zealand, grows wild in N.I. There is a keen demand, now, for this hemp and N.I. farmers are being urged to cultivate the flax. During many years attempts were made to cultivate tung oil in N.I. Now, there are some scores of tung trees there, which have yielded luxuriantly, for the last five years, an oil nut described by the Sydney Technological Museum as among the best ever seen there. For that reason, the possibilities of N.I. tung oil are being carefully examined.

Norfolk Island’s greatest handicap is the lack of a sheltered port—under certain weather combinations, the anchorages are unworkable. The Administrator now is examining an interesting plan— namely, to build a causeway, half a mile long, from near the boat-landing at Kingston, out to Nepean islet. It is contended that, if that were done, there would be shelter, from all kinds of weather, on one side or other of the causeway.

Mr. David Buffett, of Norfolk Island, recently married Miss Ruth Stephenson, of Sydney, at St. Barnabas Chapel, N.I. 10 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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TROPICALITIES QUAINT note from a lad who has just returned from furlough in Sydney: “I arrived back after a very pleasant trip on the ‘Malaita’ —the journey at times becoming hectic in its alcoholic frivolity.

“However, at the latter end, things were pretty quiet, as most, including myself, had worked our financial means out to the last penny, even taking into consideration the cheap beer ' between Cairns and Port Moresby.

“By the way, there is a pink pub in Cairns now'. When a friend of mine arrived back at the boat and nervously told me h? had returned to the ship sooner than he anticipated on account of seeing a pink hotel, I took him on a visit to the ship’s doctor. Later, several of the huskiest of us escorted him back up the street, all willing to attack the thing if it flew at him. However, what we found was the Courthouse Hotel, done out in pink tiles!” * * • fTVHE new junior clerk was busily sorti ing out correspondence, in a Levuka trading store, when he noticed that the symbols “c.i.f. & e.” occurred quite freauently.

For a long time, he sat quite still looking solemnlv at the letters, and then, suddenly, a great light dawned on him.

Of course, they stood for the firm’s customers—Chinese, Indians, Fijians and Europeans! • * * PEOPLE who travel on ships these days should take a lesson from what happened to the passengers on the ill-fated “Niagara”, sunk by a mine off the coast of Auckland. It appears that only a small proportion of the passengers had insured their luggage against loss by en°my action. Others had insured, in the ordinary way, but not against war-time risks; and, as the ship was considered to have been lost through enemy action, the insurance companies were not liable.

Many people will not insure their luggage against war-time risks because of the very high premiums charged. Actually, the war-time risk in the Pacific, since the outbreak of war, has been small, and not of a character to justify the rates that have been imposed. * * * THE grocery counter in Burns, Philp’s big store in Port Moresby is one of the meeting places for Government officials and other notable people about 830 a.m. Not long ago, thev were all discussing the possible appointee to the vacant Governorship.

The man behind the counter said, brightly: “Why shouldn’t we have a puppet Government, Tike other countries?”

One of the old hands, leaning on the counter, said: “Gawd struth! Ain’t we had enough of puppy governments already!” * * * 11THEN the Federal authorities decided T T that the New Guinea Administration should retain its headquarters at Rabaul, one of the conditions set down was that there should be maintained a first-class vulcanological service, so that early warning could be given of any pending volcanic liveliness. This meant the maintenance of observing stations at about three points around Rabaul, and the use of delicate instruments of an unusual kind.

The instruments were ordered from Europe, but war made it impossible to fill the orders. This created a serious position. Administrative headquarters could not remain at Rabaul unless a proper observatory system was established.

In this emergency, Mr., W. E. Jackson, engineer in charge at the Public Works Department in Rabaul, and Mr. Fisher, “geologist in charge of volcanoes”, set to work to make the necessary instruments.

The Public Works workshop, under the personal supervision of Mr. Jackson, has produced a series of very delicate, finelyadjusted instruments which, it is believed, will serve the purpose of the observatory.

The “Rabaul Times” congratulates the officials concerned on a fine job of work. * * » AND still they come! Mr. G. W. L.

Townsend, DO., in the Mandated Territory of New Guinea, now on furlough in Australia, is proudly showing a photograph of six volunteers from his district now with the Australian forces — namely, T. Weston, a gold miner: Pat Morrissey, a clerk; J. Grant, a patrol officer; J. Barraclough, a medical assistant; Bob Giles and G. Cole, cadets. Mr.

Townsend told the “Melbourne Herald” that, to inform them that volunteers were asked for by the Commonwealth, native police went out to search for those who carried the white man’s burden in remote areas of the territory, from Wewak, Aitape, Maprik and Angoram.

They covered 25,000 square miles in the search! * ♦ ♦ EVERYONE knows that, since war dislocated industry and transport, we have had to put up with matches that are not like those we once knew.

A correspondent in Papua says that the Australian variety of matches they get there now are very pretty, but they will not strike, and the natives in consequehce have named them “Dika Momo”. A Port Moresby wag put it this way: “The only thing in Australia that does not strike are these matches!” 11 Pacific Islands Monthl y —J uly 15, 1940

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About Islands People

Dr. A. Capel, of the Australian National Research Council, is at present in Sydney revising Hazlewood’s “Fijian Dictionary” for the Fiji Government. After collating all the manuscripts and published material, he hopes to spend several months in the Colony finalising the work.

Miss Amy Richardson, organising secretary of the Marist Medical Mission in the Solomon Islands, arrived in Sydney in June. Miss Richardson, who was trained at St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, was the first lay nursing sister appointed by Bishop Wade some years ago. There are now eight nurses connected with the Mission.

Mr. A. Ledger, of Nukualofa, Tonga, arrived in Auckland, New Zealand, recently to join the Second N.Z. Expeditionary Force.

Hon. Wilfrid Wise, Director of Public Works in Fiji, and a member of the Legislative Council, returned to the Colony, together with Mrs. Wise, in June after a holiday in New Zealand.

Our Thursday Island correspondent writes: In an article entitled “Memories of Louie Pothier” in the April “P.1.M.”, the whereabouts of Mr. Daniel Coulter Harman (late of Daru) seem to be enquired for—he is now on T.I. Formerly manager of the local branch of Hodels, Limited, he is at present running Harmans Pty., Ltd., dealing in marine products, and has a commission agency.

Pacific friends of Lady Pomare (whose husband the late Sir Maui Pomare, held the record in the New Zealand Parliament for the period he served as Minister in Charge of the Cook Islands), will regret to learn of her recent serious illness. Lady Pomare collapsed at her home at Lower Hutt, Wellington, recently.

Since then she has been nursed with devoted care by her only daughter, Mrs.

Te Rangihaeta. The latter, by the way, holds chiefly rank in Rarotonga, an island that she visited on many occasions with her distinguished father. Te Rakahaerea Pomare, the former Minister’s only surviving son, has been in camp of late with the Maori Battalion. He was married not long ago to a member of the Ormond family, of Mahia Peninsula, New Zealand.

Mr. Stuart Drummond Lade, 8.A., Dip.

Ed., head of the London Missionary Society’s school at Poreporena, Papua, died in the European Hospital, Port Moresby, on June 8, after a short illness.

Mr. Lad° was travelling secretary for the Australian Student Christian Movement in 1936, and represented that body at the Pacific Area Conference in America four years ago. He arrived in Papua in 1939 and took over the school on the transfer of Mr. P. Chatterton to Delena.

Mr. Eric Hopkins, of the Rabaul Carrying Co., New Guinea, arrived in Australia recently to join the R.A.A.F.

MISS A. C. ARMSTRONG, of the Melanesian Mission’s teaching staff at the New Torgil School, Lolowai, Aoba Island, New Hebrides, is at present spending furlough at her home in New Zealand. She has been a member of the Mission since 1935. -Melaniesian Mission Photo. 13 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Mr. W. J. Wigmore, an old-established planter in Rarotonga, has been elected to the position of European member of the Rarotonga Fruit Advisory Committee, which was left open by the resignation of Mr. J. J. Murray.

Why Not A Cement

INDUSTRY ?

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 15.

IT is hard for us here in Fiji to understand why we should import cement.

We have an abundance of coral, lime, cheap labour, easy water transport, nearness to port—in fact, everything except initiative and capital.

“Niagara” Is

MINED Pacific Mails and Goods Lost THE veteran Canadian Australasian liner “Niagara”, 13,415 tons, which had been running between Sydney and Vancouver, across the Pacific, for over 25 years, struck a mine off the coast of Auckland, New Zealand, at about 3.45 a.m. on Wednesday, June 19, and foundered two hours later.

A violent explosion tore a huge hole in her side but, owing to the prompt closing of most of the bulkhead doors, the liner floated for some time after she was abandoned by 136 passengers and 202 members of the crew.

All on board were saved, uninjured, thanks to the fine work of Captain W.

Martin and his officers and crew, and the castaways were all safely back in Auckland within 18 hours of the disaster.

It was reported, at first, that the explosion was an internal one, and there was much talk of treachery; but quick work by naval units disclosed that there w r ere mines in the vicinity—a couple were swept up within a few hours of the sinking of the “Niagara”—and it became clear that the mail ship had been lost owing to raider activity.

All the mails were lost. They included consignments for Fiji, Tahiti, Fanning Island and Hawaii, as well as for the United States. The “Niagara” sailed from Sydney on Thursday, June 13, and carried all mails posted in Australia for those places between (about) May 24 and June 13.

The “Niagara” carried a large mixed cargo, much of it for Fiji.

Passengers, in addition to losing nearly all their personal belongings, suffered great inconvenience. They remained in Auckland, awaiting another vessel to take them on to Pacific and American ports; but a trans-Pacific liner which followed, a week behind the “Niagara”, did not go to Auckland —probably owing to a fear of mines.

Sydney passengers for Suva were:- — Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Allard, R. V. Clark, Miss C. Cade, Mrs. E. Candy, Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Exon and infant, Misses E. and J. Exon, Mrs. M. L. and Master C.

B. McCullagh, Mr. and Mrs. A. G. and Miss E. M. Mac Diarmid, Miss M. R.

Ohlson, Mr. and Mrs. K. R. Sands, Miss H. I. Swinbourne, Mr. A. K. Woodhead, Mr. and Mrs. G. A. Guinery, Miss A. E.

Tucker, Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Williams, Mrs. M. Arnold, Mr. V. Bagawan, H. Laxman, Mrs. A. McKenzie, Mr. Siu Kong Po (joined at Auckland).

Hon. George H. Murray, M.L.C.. Director of Agriculture in New Guinea, returned to the Territory in June after a brief furlough in Sydney.

Australian newspapers have been giving much space to the adventures of Dr.

Phyllis Kaberry, a young Australian anthropologist, who recently returned to Sydney after living for 13 months in a native village in the foothills of the Torricelli Range, New Guinea. She is reported to have lived alone in a native sago-thatched bush house, with camp bed, phonograph, and a few other necessities as her only furniture. 14 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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Tomb Of Malietoa Laupepa, King Of Samoa

Japanese Scientists Explore Dutch New Guinea THREE scientists of the Imperial University, Tokio, Messrs. Kanehira, Tayama and Hatsushima, have returned from lengthy explorations in the interior of Dutch New Guinea with 10,000 botanical, insect, snake and animal specimens, including a 2 in. kangaroo. ...

Illustrative of the intense Japanese interest in the islands, their adventures and discoveries have been broadcast in Japan in detail. They say they were well treated by the Dutch officials and by friendly cannibals. They found three Japanese farmers employing 1,000 natives.

The scientists consider that New Guinea and Australia were connected in ancient times.

The remains of the native King of Samoa, Malietoa Laupepa, who died in 1898, were recently exhumed and, with appropriate native ceremony, re-interred at Mulinuu in a new tomb alongside that of his son and successor, Malietoa Tanumafili, whose death occurred last year.

Seated on the curbing of the decorated tombs are: Top Row—Mr. Turnbull (Acting Administrator of Western Samoa) and the new head of the Malietoa clan, Malietoa Tanu. Below— Tanu’s younger brother, Joane, and his mother, the widow of Malietoa Tanumafili. —Photo: A. P. McFarland. 15 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Islands Radio

NETWORK How Dangers of Isolation Have Been Overcome TEN years ago, when the “P.I.M ” was established, the radio stations in the Pacific Islands could he counted on the fingers. To-day, the Islands are linked in a vast radio network, which is thus described in a recent publication by Amalgamated Wireless ( A/asia ) Ltd.: EARLY in the history of A.W.A., the objective of making Australia the wireless centre of the Southern Pacific was visualised. To-day, an extensive wireless service affords direct communication between Australia and Fiji, Papua and New Guinea. About a million words a year are handled by this service, by means of which it is possible to reach the most outlying parts of the islands.

There are many stations at smaller islands centres, and these communicate with the nearest of the above-mentioned centres, which, in turn, communicate with Sydney.

Thus communication can be effected from any of the Pacific Island centres to Sydney for Australia and New Zealand, and for Great Britain, the Continent of Europe, and North and South America, by means of the Australian Beam Wireless Service.

The chief radio station in the Territory of New Guinea is at Rabaul, on the island of New Britain. Rabaul is in direct communication with Sydney, as as with stations at Wewak, Madang, Bulolo, Wau, Salamaua, Manus, Kavieng and Kieta (in New Guinea) and Truk (in the Caroline Islands). It also communicates with the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, through the station on Ocean Island, with Tulagi in the Solomon Islands, with Vanikoro in the Santa Cruz Islands, and with the island of Nauru.

Sydney radio is also in daily communication by wireless with Suva, Noumea, Port Moresby and Nauru. Suva station collects and distributes wireless traffic to and from almost all the Pacific Islands provided with radio. Among these are Tutuila and Apia in Samoa, Noumea in New Caledonia, Vila in New Hebrides, Nukualofa in the Friendly Islands, Ocean Island and Wallis Island (Futuna Islands).

The radio station at Willis Island, about 300 miles east of Townsville, is maintained for the sole purpose of supplying information to the weather bureaus at Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane. Warnings of tropical disturbances sent from Willis Island have often been of great value to ships in the areas affected, and to coastal residents.

Settlers, missionaries, explorers, traders, prospectors and others in remote parts use A.W.A. teleradio sets to keep in touch with the A.W.A. stations and, through them, with the world. The teleradio is a small portable radio equipment suitable for either telephony or telegraphy. About 180 of these are in use, and their owners send and receive messages both within the Islands and the outside world through the “mother” stations, in such centres as Port Moresby, Rabaul and Suva. 16 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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Salary For Papua'S

HEAD £1,500 Considered Too Small I SEE that they are going to pay the Administrator of Papua £1,500 a year,” says a man who formerly was a prominent official in New Guinea.

“Though the cost of living has gone up, and the importance of our Territories also, the salary is to be reduced.

Since 1922, the salaries of the Commonwealth heads of departments have gone up at least 25 per cent., also other Australian salaries. In my opinion, no man could live with the dignity necessary, and entertain as Administrator, on £1,500 a year. If he had children to educate, his position would be an impossible one.

“As you know, the New Guinea Administrator gets £l,BOO, and non-official members have time after time expressed the opinion that the salary is not enough. The cost of living is, if anything. higher in Papua, In New Guinea, the Chief Judge gets £1,500 a year and recently the puisne Judge’s salary was increased to £1,400. Surely, the position of Administrator of Papua is a more important one.

“Of course, if it is only to be a place to pension off someone, the salary is too much, but if they want a first-class man to maintain the dignity of his position, I think £2,500 a minimum.

“Compare English salaries—there is no Governor of a place like Papua on such a low salary. I think it important to get a good man, about 45 years of ae-e, and. naturally, no man who has proved himself would go for a salary which is at most equal to £1,200 a year in Australia.”

Value Of Coconut

PLANTATIONS Review by Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

AT the annual meeting of Morris Hedstrom. Ltd., held at Suva on June 28, tb p chairman. Sir Maynard Hedstrom. said that the company in a sound position, and. if it were not for the uncertainties caused by the war, a reasonably prosperous year could be hoped for.

The main difficulty at present was the ouestion of shipping A neutral ship had been chartered to load conra in June, but British shinning for the United Kingdom was not available.

From a production point of view, said Sir Maynard, the plantations were satisfy ctorv. but under present market conditions they did not yield a profitable return. The company's investments comprised shares in subsidiary comnanies ann ip first-class Australian comnanies. with a small investment in New Zealand companies. The income derived from Australian sources was not included in the profit and loss account, but was placed to an Australian investment reserve.

Sir Maynard Hedstrom said that the character of the companv’s assets had changed in recent vears. When the comnanv was formed, the greater part of its assets was in districts largely dependent on the copra industry. During the i«s* ten years, in particular, substantial amounts had been devoted to writing down the book value of the assets situated in those districts. At present the book value of the property held in districts mainly dependent on the sugar and gold industries far exceeded the book value of the assets in districts mainly dependent on copra. The coconut plantations cost the company more than £120,000.

The book value has been written down to £49,000 and unless there was an improvement in conditions further amounts would be written off year by year.

A number of Papuan Government officers recently arrived in Australia to offer themselves for enlistment. They included Messrs. C. Rich (Patrol Officer); C. E, H. Rich (Mines Department); C.

Schrader (Lands Department); A. E.

Way (Government Secretary’s Department); and B. W. Faithorn (A.R.M., Gulf Division).

Chinese Stores In Wau

A CORRESPONDENT of the “Rabaul Times” writes bitterly of the increase in the number of Chinese trading stores in the goldfields town of Wau. The correspondent says that these Chinese stores should be kept in one designated quarter of the town. They are a regular gathering-place for natives and, says the correspondent, “Wau is becoming unpleasant for Europeans to walk about in, especially at week-ends, owing to the hordes of natives who hang around the stores and commit nuisances all over the place.”

At a recent meeting of shareholders of John L. Peadon, Ltd., Rabaul, New Guinea, it was decided that the Company be wound un voluntarily and that R. H.

Forsyth be appointed liquidator. 17 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

Two Letters . . .

Frank Peters bit his nails as he read the letter. His wife sat opposite, watching. . . . She looked worried, depressed.

“Bad news, Frank?”

“Read it yourself. Couldn’t be much worse.”

This is what she read : Dear Frank, — When the Board of Directors decided to give you charge of our Islands Branch, I was absolutely certain that you were the right man for the job. As a matter of fact, Frank, you know as well as I do that it was my influence that finally turned the vote in your favour. Now I have to write and tell you, Frank, that we are dissatisfied with your work. The last few months have been a great disappointment. What’s happened to you? Your sales figures for the months of February and March are far lower than last year’s, and lower than they have been for the past five years for the same two months.

There must be a reason for this, Frank, so write at once and give me a full explanation so that I will have something to tell the Board.

In the meantime, for Pete’s sake get your sales figures up, otherwise nothing I can say will alter the fact—we’ll have to make a change.

Kindest regards to you and Mary, JOHN.

“He says he wants an explanation.

What are you going to tell him, Frank?”

“What can I tell him? Everything he says is true. Sales are down.

There’s no doubt about it, I’m a flop. How can I put my heart and soul into my work when I always feel like this—tired all the time. I even wake up tired nowadays.”

“Darling, I know you haven’t been yourself for the last couple of months. You haven’t got your old energy. You’d better go down and see Doctor Martin.”

So Frank saw Doctor Martin. After giving him a thorough examination Doctor Martin said : “Frank, the reason why you’re run down, nervy and tired all the time is very simple. Naturally, this climate takes it out of you. And that’s not all! Tiredness, nerviness —these things are really symptoms of Night-Starvation. You’ve probably never realised it, but while you sleep your body goes on burning up energy. Your heart has to beat 35.000 times and your lungs make 20.000 muscular movements. Naturally, this takes it out of you, and if energy isn’t replaced during sleep you wake tired, and stay tired all day long. You get nervy, run down, and lose your confidence. My advice is, drink a cupful of Horlicks every night before you go to bed.

And so Frank started drinking Horlicks every night before bed.

Three months passed. We meet Frank again. He is opening another letter. When he finishes reading it, he passes it across to Mary. . . .

“Darling, read this\ Isn’t it marvellous?”

This is what Mary read: Dear Frank, — Your latest sales figures were the best thing you could possibly have sent down. There’s no doubt about it, Frank, you can turn on the heat when you have to. All the talk about calling you back to Sydney has been forgotten. As a matter of fact, confidentially, you might find a little something in your stocking at Christmas. Keep up the good work.

Do you find yourself waking tired in the morning, even after a good night’s sleep? Do you get nervy, irritable, over small things that don’t really matter? Is the climate getting you down? Then the chances are that you, too, are suffering from Night-Starvation. Horlicks replaces energy lost during sleep, so that you wake refreshed, clear eyed and alert. Start drinking Horlicks at JOHN. night and you’ll soon get back all your old drive and vitality.

Atiu As She Is

WEDDED

By “Tukapa Koko”

ON this island (Mangaia, Cook Group; where at present I live and have my beans, faute de mieux, there is a small colony of native folk from the neighbouring, gayer isle of Atiu.

The Ngati-Atiu are of Tahitian extraction, and less stolid than their Mangaian hosts, so an Atiu wedding on Mangaia was quite a show. The contracting parties, honest Taokiia and fair Rimaiti, were “popped off” in the style customary on the spicier shore.

Nothing less than veil and gown of fair white silk sufficed for the bride. The rig-out represented a prodigious feat of family effort, aided by a few items from European well-wishers chiefly Mrs.

Oswald Savage, wife of Donald’s manager at the local branch, who is also on Atiuan.

The bringing of the bride to the mission was a queer mixture of artistry and quaintness. Her veil and dress ' were beautiful indeed; and she arrived in a sort of sedan-chair, carried on poles by brawny young men, high over the heads of the admiring crowd.

The palanquin was a stout form equipped with shafts, and the bearers were ten in number. The bride was not alone in her aristocratic convevanc' 1 , though the groom had to walk to the slaughter.

The bride sat under a shade of greenery up aloft, with two little twelveyear-old bridesmaids on each side of her.

The humour came in when the bearers put down and picked ud the bride. They were totally unaccustomed to this way of doing things—the first Atiu-style wedding at Mangaia—and in th-ir enthusiasm handled the incoming and outgoing bride rather like the little boys do a certain effigy on the glorious Fifth, up in New Zealand. It was this, perhaps, that led some Rosencrantz or Guildenstern to remark, “Now, we only need a few crackers!”

Be that as it may, the hoisted, shoulderhigh bride was the Belle of the Day.

Salaries Stolen

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, June 1.

THE monthly salaries of public servants on the island of Eua, a sum of about £24, was stolen while it was being taken to Eua in a registered mail package by the cutter “Vaigana’, which did not reach its destination until four days after leaving Nukualofa, although the passage takes only a day normally.

Apparently the cutter touched on various villages on the eastern coast of Togatabu before finally making the crossing to Eua, whose district officer, who is responsible for receiving the money at that end, found the package missing when he opened the mail bag, when the vessel arrived.

The police promptly traced some of the missing Treasury notes to some of the Nukualofa stores, but unfortunately the customer or customers who passed them are still unidentified.

Mr. A. L. Lewis, airport manager for Pan American Airways at Auckland, N.Z., has been transferred to Manila in the Philippine Islands. 18 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

Drastic Reduction

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Anti-Mosquito

What is Done in Fiji From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 2.

HOUSEHOLDERS here are visited every now and then by a native representative of the Anti-Mosquito Campaign and are given instructions to regularly empty watering cans, remove tins, refuse, etc.

One of the most obvious breeding grounds—the gutterings—appears to have been overlooked. Leaves from nearby trees soon find their way into the guttering and, after a few days of dry weather, a small pool of warm water, filled with rotten vegetable matter, provides an ideal breeding ground.

It is hoped that the new idea adopted by builders, in having eaves overhanging about two feet, will gain favour. This would do away with the necessity for guttering and would allow the rain to be thrown clear of the windows.

Food Value Of Coconut Oil

THE rate of digestion of fats seems to favour coconut oil. The rate of digestion of various fats by pancreatic lipase was measured, the fat being prepared in the form of “reconstituted cream” so that the fat was in the form of minute globules and the conditions comparable with those of actual digestion in the organism. The results are of particular interest and some of the conclusions are:— Coconut oil was digested more rapidly than any other fat including butter. Almond oil, cocoa, butter, groundnut oil, bacon fat, beef fat, oleastearine, cod liver oil, cotton seed oil, lard, mutton fat, olive oil, premier jus, soya bean oil, hardened whale oil and hardened groundnut oil were digested at a much slower rate than butter and all at approximately the same rate.

It seems possible that if margarine contains this fat (coconut oil) it will be more rapidly digested than butter. Coconut oil “may prove a more valuable food than has hitherto been supposed”.— Biochemical Journal.

Pacific Birds

Scenes to be Shown in New York Museum A NOVEL departure in the presentation of bird specimens has been adopted by the American Museum of Natural History, New York, for its Whitney Wing, showing Pacific Bird Life.

A typical Islands scene, chosen to match a particular latitude, is built in miniature, and the birds indigenous to that locality are suspended on invisible wires to fit into the setting. For example, an atoll of the Tuamotu archipelago has been modelled, and several birds are shown flying towards a pounding coral reef against a strong trade wind. The lagoon shows faintly behind, swaying coconut palms and pandanus trees giving a realistic touch.

According to the “Fiji Times”, Fiji will shortly be represented in the museum. A U.S. scientist, Mr. G. E.

Petersen, is at present in the Colony collecting specimens of leaves and other local colour, so that a typical Fiji bird scene may be duplicated to the smallest detail.

MEMBERS of the Australian Parliament, especially Mr. E. Ward, have been directing attention to the lamentable condition of Lord Howe Island.

Over 100 people there are dependant upon Australian tourist traffic, and, since the shipping service, at the outbreak of war became six-weekly instead of threeweekly, tourist traffic has almost disappeared. Federal authorities are sympathetic, but cannot do much about it, apparently.

Whenever the Gilbert and Ellice inter-island vessel “Moamoa” or a trading schooner sails from Tarawa, the main centre of the Colony, crowds of young natives swarm upon the concrete navigating beacon on the foreshore to use it as a final point of vantage from which to wave and shout “Tia kapo” (good-bye) to the voyagers. —Photo: C. F. Jackson. 19 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Samoan Banana

PRODUCTION Reply to Complaint About Official "Czars"

THE complaint of a correspondent, “Seeker of Justice”, who insisted that he was the victim of “little czars” of the banana industry in Western Samoa, and who said that the production of bananas in that Territory was equal to twice the demand, was published in the “P.1.M.” in May.

The “Western Samoa Mail” of June 8. declared that our correspondent’s statements were untrue, and proceeded:— “Seeker of Justice” first sought publicity through the “Western Samoa Mail”, but as we were conversant with the facts of his complaint, which were that he packed fruit not in accordance with the regulations laid down for fruit for shipment, and therefore gave himself a lot of trouble packing it, and the Administration the trouble of rejecting it.

Here are the facts as given to us by the Inspector of Produce: “The writer has no plantation of his own. Some bananas sent in by his son were rejected by my Inspector. The rejects were tipped out on the floor of the shed in the presence of himself, his son, and other settlers from Aleisa. I showed him the very immature bananas and he said that they were mature and that I should not have rejected them.

“I peeled off the skin of one, and showed him a banana no bigger than my little finger. I mentioned that I was responsible for the quality of fruit arriving in New Zealand and I could not accept bananas of that type. He then said that I was not to send any more cases to his son as he would not ship any more.

“I showed the bananas I had rejected to the Acting Administrator and two members of the Aleisa Settlement Board (Messrs. Smyth and Paul). Th-y an 'agreed that the fruit was of inferior quality. I have told all settlers, many times, that I would take all the good quality bananas they had any time. They are given all the cases th°y can fill with good fruit.”

The statement in the complainant’s letter, to the effect that there is keen competition amongst copra and cocoa buyers is wholly incorrect. The price paid by all buyers is an agreed price, governed by the market value. There is nothing to hinder the Aleisa Settlers growing copra and cocoa for export if they wish to.

On one occasion a planter in the Aleisa Settlement made application for no less than one hundred cases, and as the Inspector of Produce very much doubted if the plantation could produce more than thirty cases of suitable fruit for shipment, an inspection of the plantation was arranged, when every plant in the plantation was inspected in the presence of the planter and members of the Alesia Board, who agreed to the passing for shipment, or condemning as not fit fpr shipment, as each plant was considered. When this inspection was over it was definitely proved that, at the very most, the planter could not ship more than thirty cases, which was the original estimate of the Inspector of Produce.

Had a quota been given out for one hundred cases he would in all probability have had seventy cases rejected.

The following is the average allotment for each month which leaves Samoa, together with the value thereof:

Tahiti Grows Its Own Food

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 10.

THE wisdom of the Administration in initiating a programme of agricultural expansion, at the beginning of the war, in order to provide within the colony itself, an ample supply of food for the population, has been justified by subsequent events.

The schedules of steamers have been so uncertain and the sailings so far apart, that already the islands find them selves facing a shortage of several essentials. As the future of steamer service is contingent, the colony may be more and more dependent on the products of its own plantations.

Acreage has been allocated for the cultivation of the several food plants necessary for a balanced diet. Administrators and chiefs of districts are supervising the carrying out of the programme, under direct responsibility to the Governor. His Excellency recently returned from a tour of inspection of plantations in the Leeward Islands and Mcorea.

Messrs. W. M. Marks and R. S. Haynes, directors of Papuan Apinaipi Petroleum Co,. Ltd., recently arrived in the Territory, and in June visited their company’s drilling site at Oiapu, near Yule Island. 20 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

A Wonderful Record . . .

Breville Wins Again!

Two of the first three International DX (long distance) Contests conducted by the “Australasian Radio World” were won by Breville users. The First Contest was won by Mr. Ern Neill, of Ipswich, Queensland, with the wonderful record of receiving 1,825 stations on his Breville Receiver.

Now BREVILLE Receives Over 80 COUNTRIES ii * he ade« at rid ■ Winner of the Third DX Contest, Mr. R. G. Cook, with his Breville receivers.

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“My second set is a five-valve Breville vibrator broadcast model, with which I do all broadcast DX and have picked up many foreign stations in the wee small hours.

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Monsieur Charles Vernier, head of the Protestant Mission in French Oceania, and Madame Vernier intended to leave Tahiti for Prance, in June, for a prolonged sojourn. Three of their sons are in the armies of France. Their plans may have been altered by the disasters in June. From everyone in Oceania, says our correspondent, Monsieur and Madame Vernier carry with them a deep understanding of the heartbreaking anxiety they share with the mothers and fathers of Prance, sincere gratitude for their manifold good works, and prayers for their and their sons’ safe return to our islands.

One Way of Escaping the Gloom of War INTENDING to make a holiday cruise lasting five months around the South Sea Islands, including Tahiti, four men left Auckland (New Zealand) on May 30 in the 30ft. ketch “Waiparu”. The party comprised the owners of the yacht, Mr. Vernon Brinckman (29) and Mr.

Rupert Brinckman (27) of Ponsonby (Auckland) as well as Mr. Edward Hay (38) of Glendowie, and Mr, James Downes (40) of Ponsonby. They are all single.

Mr. R. Munro, Jnr., recently left Papua to enlist in the A.I.P.

With a Camera in Central Pacific HERE are some interesting photographs contributed by a “P.1.M.” correspondent who recently was on a round trip on the Union Co.’s motorship “Matua” through the Cook Group and Tonga.

This is the grave of an Ariki at Mauke, Cook Group. It was, and still is, the custom to build quite a small house over an important grave, in which to place the deceased’s bed, with clothes, sewing machine, furniture, bicycle, etc. These will never be used again—which seems to make the custom profitable for local traders! The possessions of less exalted natives are often thrown piecemeal into the grave, and buried with them, or placed on top of the mound. In some places—Niue, for example—one may see old bedsteads, gramophones, bicycles, etc., rusting away on little heaps of coral— obviously graves.

Often, one hears it said that “they have no place to go”—“they” being Europeans from overcrowded countries who want freedom, and . a land where they may grow their own food. Well, how about Rarotonga beautiful, fertile, mountainous, well-watered, cool and nonmalarial? The population is mostly on the coastal strip, 20 miles in circumference.

The broad, fertile valleys of the interior, of which the photograph below is one, are uninhabited.

The lower of the two photographs, above, is a glimpse of the quiet and beautiful harbour of Vavau, in the northern part of Tonga. If international changes affect the Pacific, Vavau may become important, for the harbour is deep and well-sheltered. Imperial Germany once coveted it. Between 1900 and 1914, there was a large German community there. 22 <1 u 1 y 15, 1940—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Below a typical Islands school-house — thatched roof, open sides. The photograph was taken in Mangaia, Cook Islands.

Memorial To N.G. Patrol

OFFICER IN a grave by a little New Guinea village lies buried the son of Major- General H. E. (“Pompey”) Elliott, killed on July 1 last year by native villagers because, as a Patrol Officer, he ordered one of them to clean up a dirty hut. At the end of May, at the Scotch College Scout Group Lodge, at New Chum Creek, Healesville (Victoria), members unveiled a simple memorial tablet, ‘‘Neil Campbell Elliott, a member of the Scotch College Scout Group 1927-35, killed while on patrol duty in New Guinea, July, 1939.”

This memorial will stand in the Elliott Lodge, named after Neil’s father, who gave the land for its establishment.

The lodge was destroyed in bush fires last year, but was rebuilt and was officially re-opened late in May.

Elliott was 27 years of age when the natives speared him at Wanali. After his appointment as a cadet he had been trained at Sydney University for duties in New Guinea. In the upper left-hand corner of his memorial, as a signal to all true Scouts, is engraved the token which means, “I have gone home.” — ‘‘Melbourne Herald”.

Mr. and Mrs. Warne Nicholls, of Nadi, Fiji, were guests of honour at a farewell party tendered them by the Nadi Club recently. Mr. Nicholls, who retired a short time ago, has been connected with the C.S.R., Ltd., for nearly 40 years and intends to settle in Nadroga.

Signalmen L. Pinkerton and R. N. Leek, of the Fiji Defence Force, arrived in Australia from Suva recently. Mr. Pinkerton will join the A.1.F., and Mr. Leek the R.A.A.F.

New Japanese Mid- Pacific Service AN expansion of Japanese shipping in the South Pacific is heralded by a decision of the Yamashita Risen Kaisha Line to maintain a separate service to Suva in addition to that to New Zealand (said “New Zealand Herald”, in June). The company added Suva to the itineraries of its ships in the N.Z. trade last September, but from June, 1940, the two routes will be separate units.

Schedules received by the Auckland agents show that the first ship in the Suva service, the “Momoyama Maru”, was expected to leave Miike for Fiji, via Noumea, on June 4. A two-monthly service will be maintained in conjunction with the “Kusu Maru”, calling at Noumea on both inward and outward voyages.

The trade from Japan to Auckland and other New Zealand ports will be operated by the “Yamafuku Maru” and the “Naniwa Maru”, and Noumea will be a port of call both ways. Like the Suva service, the run to N.Z. will be two-monthly.

Mr. and Mrs. D. A. Donald, of Sigatoka, Fiji, have been in Sydney on leave in recent weeks. Mr. Donald, who is an officer in the Department of Agriculture, will return to the Colony this month.

Mr L. T. Hurrell, of the New Guinea Agricultural Department at Keravat, has enlisted with the New Guinea contingent;.

Miss P. Doyle was married to Mr. Jack Shay, of Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., at, Salamaua, T.N.G., recently.

Shown in the lower picture, above, is one of the oldest and most picturesque mission houses in the Pacific—the L.M.S. station at Takamoa, Rarotonga. The photograph was taken on the occasion of a recent celebration. 23 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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v.v p.;.

VICTORIA BITTER m iM v i m i

New Fashions In

N. GUINEA How Civilisation Changes Native Manners

By Gordon Thomas

A FEW years ago the native of Blanche Bay, which includes the district surrounding Rabaul, the capital of the Territory of New Guinea, would throw you a greeting on the road sounding like a hiccough: “u’uuu”—a peculiar exclamation coming from deep down in the throat.

Only the older men now retain that salutation; the younger natives, absorbing the white-man’s ways like blottingnaper. have translated “Good morning”, “Good day”, “Good evening” or “Good night” into their own dialect, with the result that one now hears “Bona milana”, “Bona bung”, “Bona ravien” and “Bona marum”.

Dress and adornment are other indications of change. Twenty years ago. the native-about-town wore usually a short lavalava —or loincloth —reaching to the knee; sometimes a trifle higher; invariably he wore a woven armlet of coloured native grasses, under which he tucked his pipe or pepper-stick. Wrapped in the folds of his lavalava about his waist, he would carry such valuables as betel-nut, tobacco and, tied in a corner, a shilling or two. There would be no body covering above the waist.

Now-a-days. the length of the lavalava has reached the ankles with a great majority; the armlet is discarded, and, in place, he invariably carries a small leaf basket with cigarette papers, tobacco, matches and betel-nut, and loose money.

Wherever he goes, whatever he does, the small basket is with him. It is so constructed that his arm may be thrust through the top portion, and it is carried on the upper arm, in the event of his having to use two hands.

On the slightest provocation, the young native of to-day dresses in shirt and tie, often of the finest material — high in price and loud in color. He sports a wristlet watch, often carries an umbrella, and a modish belt is worn around his waist. One will even see some with their initials embroidered on the pockets of their silk shirts imported from Hong Kong.

Saturday morning is always a busy day at the local market, where vegetables, flowers, fruit and fowls are sold by native men and women who come from villages as far as twenty miles away. In the notso-long-ago, these natives would walk the distance, carrying their wares in baskets on their heads or backs. To-day, they arrive by motor-lorry or motor-boat, and native lorry-owners collect substantial amounts in fares.

Motoring has become quite an important part of the town-bred natives’ recreation. Late-model cars can be seen, every week-end, careering along the highways, bound for some distant plantation where an evening’s gambling has been arranged, and not unknown are whisky and gin-drinking narties or, if those more expensive liquors are unattainable, good old “pinkie” is introduced; methylated spirits and sarsaparilla.

The white man’s civilisation has brought with it its burdens, and a glance at the list of crimes in the District and Supreme Courts shows what education does for some sophisticated natives Forging of permits to be absent from premises after the curfew is no uncommon offence; more daring pen-men have gone so far as to write and sign orders on firms for goods to be delivered to f muu nC lvi Ch< no™ S even keen forged, with the name of the servant’s master—and cashed by some unsuspecting storekeeper. Being in possession of and drinking intoxicating liquors has increased remarkably; while gambling has a decided hold upon a number of the young bloods.

There is a repercussion from this entertainment which often has disastrous effects. The players, not having the wherewithal to play, become petty thieves of their employers’ property, or even steal, among themselves, in order to have a “stake” to put in the ring.

Civilisation may have many advantages; education may possess many benefits; but both of them, in the hands of a still very primitive people who are actually only a jump from the stone-age. have disadvantages and need very careful watching to prevent their being abused.

At the moment , it is difficult to say whether their use or abuse is more frecment H ' Major H. S. Robinson, general secretary of the Melanesian Mission in Sydney, has been appointed to fill the vacancy on .the Council of the Pacific Islands the death of Captain Ar thur Middenway.

Mr. C. L. Schrader has been appointed draftsman and examiner in the Papuan Lands Department replacing Mr. H, Shelton-O’Reilly, who left the Territory recently on nine months’ leave prior to retirin S on superannuation, Messrs. R. M. Chapman, R. H. Strachan and G. A. Crapp, of the Suva branch of the Bank of N.S.W., Fiji, left the Colony recently to enlist in the A.IF 25 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Rarotonga Fruit Troubles From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, June 10.

THE 1940 Cook Islands orange season did not have an auspicious beginning. The first shipment of the year was made by the “Matua” on April 25, and this late date caused many growers, including scientific growers of early oranges, a loss on their early fruit which was, in accordance with the general crop this year, very plentiful.

Trouble was experienced almost immediately with complaints against the sorting and grading. The system, as introduced under the Government Fruit Control, is that each grower brings his own fruit, into the packing shed, and, after sorting by local labour, he receives a docket crediting him with the nett number of cases accepted, for which he is paid at the standard rate of 3/9 per case. The complaints, with regard to one village, Arorangi, at least, seem to have been justified, many of the native growers receiving credits of less than 50 per cent, of the gross number of cases picked. The rejected oranges, moreover, were not returned to the growers.

On the arrival of the “Matua”, bringing Mr. L. Turner of the N.Z. Internal Marketing Department and Mr. Woods, Pacific Traffic Manager of the Union S.S. Co., a public meeting was held at which all aspects of the fruit industry were reviewed. These two gentlemen followed the steamer round the other Cook Islands interested in the industry, accompanied by the Director of Agriculture and others, and subsequently left for New Zealand by the same boat.

The new fruit prices were to have been announced shortly after Mr. Turner’s return to New Zealand.

The shipment of oranges from Rarotonga landed in New Zealand with a high percentage of loss, this being attributed by one side to the poor quality of the fruit and by the other to the inefficient handling of the oranges in Rarotonga.

A letter, signed by a member of the Island Council and all the native members of the Fruit Advisory Committee, was sent to the Resident Commissioner, advising that the growers wished to be allowed to sort and grade their own fruit without interference, the alternative being refusal to pick.

Growers’ Demands Granted

The Resident Commissioner then issued a public notice, showing that the Government had done its best to meet the growers’ demands, and would grant four out of five of these, including (a) Quick return of rejected fruit; and (b) Placement of growers’ representatives in the packing shed during sorting and grading. The notice also pointed out that the “Matua” only continued to call at Rarotonga in these troublous times under a Government guarantee and that refusal to pick would do nothing but harm. This proposal was ultimately accented and the fruit was picked “under protest”.

An impartial observer would judge that the trouble is due more to misunderstanding than to anything else.

The Government department has a very fair case, without doubt, but this has not been adequately explained to the individual native grower, some of whose representatives are ant to act in rather hot-headed fashion. Government control of the Islands fruit industry appears already to have benefited the small native grower (who might be called, in other lands, a peasant farmer) by the conduct of it on a rational basis, and it is likely still more to benefit him in the future, when preliminary difficulties have been overcome and experimental systems tried and proved.

Subsequent developments indicated that sorting and grading were more evenly and fairly accomplished under the watchful eyes of the growers’ representatives in the packing sheds.

Death of Mr. W. M.

Brander From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 1. rE death has occurred of Mr. Winifred Marama Brander.

Mr. Brander was a member of an old and distinguished family, who have enacted a major role in the social and economic life of French Oceania, since the middle decades of the nineteenth century.

Mr. Winifred Brander was the youngest son of the founder of the family. His passing has removed a beloved and respected member of the rapidly diminishing circle of old residents. He died on board the schooner “Tere Ora”, while on a voyage through the Tuamotu Islands, and was buried on the island of Takaroa.

He is survived by his brother, Mr.

Arthur Brander. two sisters who reside in Scotland, and a daughter.

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Copra Market In

U.S.A. P An Interesting Suggestion MR. Clive Brewster, head of the W. R.

Carpenter firm in Fiji, made an interesting suggestion, in a newspaper interview in Auckland, in which he discussed the world copra market.

Mr. Brewster pointed out that there is a vast potential demand for copra in the United States, but that no tropical territory, other than the Philippines, could hope to supply that demand, because there is a processing tax of 2 cents a pound levied in the United States on coconut oil made from copra from non-American sources.

Mr. Brewster suggested that as there is now a vast readjustment taking place, as between the British Empire and the United States, it was possible that this tax would in future be modified, so that copra from British sources might be placed on the same footing as Philippines copra. That would open an almost unlimited market to copra from the British Pacific territories.

Such a development, obviously, would give a new lease of life to the South Pacific Islands copra industry, and planting interests should see to it that the plan is not lost sight of in the various negotiations which are likely to take place between the British Pacific countries and the United States.

An Appreciation of the Chief Justice of Tonga Letter to the Editor IT was a God-send to Tonga that the British Government thought fit to send Judge Will Stuart to be our Chief Justice. It is a matter for thankfulness that such a man should be in our midst at the present time.

His Honour, ever since his arrival here, has been instrumental in putting Tonga on the road to better things. Honest dealing, proper and clean Government departmental administration, and the pursuance of right without regard to colour, rank or title are the keynote of his mission in this isle. We rejoice that at last we have a man who acts quickly and firmly, and knows the great difference between the words “yes” and “no”.

Hitherto, we were getting so tired of the intolerable inconsistency, extravagance, indecision and postponing “methods” of Government heads. Now all that sort of nonsense is being gradually but surely cleared away, and the culprits made to “toe the line”, by order of His Honour.

The Chief Justice is a friend of all righteous people, but woe to those who oppose or even try to side-track him in matters of duty or justice.

Yes, it was time this country had someone to clean up the mess and we Tongans have full confidence in His Honour. We wish him all success, all the best.

I am, etc., W. UGA APUHA’AMAGO.

Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tonga.

Nukualofa, 7/6/1940.

Inquest Into Death of W. E. Links, at Apia From Our Own Correspondent APIA, June 3.

THE inquest into the recent death from gun-shot wounds of Mr. W. E.

Links, a well-known resident of Apia, resulted in the Coroner finding that: “The death of William Edward Links occurred on April 24 at his flat in Apia, as the result of a gunshot wound in the head caused by a bullet from a .22 rifle while he was apparently alone, under circumstances which do not preclude death by misadventure.” The evidence did not disclose any reason for suicide.

Miss Gwendolyne Myra Warren. daughter of Mr. and Mrs. F. H. Warren, of Papatoetoe, Fiji, was married recently to Mr. John Howard Price, youngest son of Mr. and Mrs. E. A. Price, of the same district.

Captain L. Austen, manager of the Papuan Government’s coffee plantations in Eastern Papua, has been spending furlough in Sydney.

Mr. S. T. Brown, of the R.A.N. base at Port Moresby, recently married Miss S.

E. White.

Mr. J. H. MacDonald, of the New Guinea Administration, arrived in Australia in June on long leave. He has recently been stationed at Manus, as District Officer.

Miss L. M. Lea, Matron of the Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Suva, is at present on leave in U.S.A. Miss J.

Sinclair is acting as Matron. 27 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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The death occurred suddenly, in Victoria, early in June, of Mrs. Boehm, wife of Mr. E. Boehm, of the Seventh Day Adventist Mission station at Aroma, Papua. Mrs. Boehm, a young woman, left the Territory last October, and later was joined by her husband, on furlough, in Australia , , , Our .?“? Moresby correspondent reports that the following engagements !? avo u+^ eel e „ annoU . nC , e A daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J.J. Lovell, of Manly, Sydney, to Wilham Robert eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Frame, of Port Moresby, Papua; Monica Faith, second daughter of Rev. and Mrs. H. Mathews, of Port Moresby, Papua, to John McAdam, second son of Mr. and Mrs. E. J. Frame, of Port Moresby, Papua; Marjory Ruth, eldest daughter of the Rev. and Mrs. H.

Mathew 3, Port Moresby, to Roy (Warrant Officer, R.A.N.) second son of Mr. and Mrs. J. Copley, of Ararat, Victoria.

Administration Of

PAPUA Various Changes Made by New Act TNTRODUCING the second reading of \ the Papua Bill (altering the designation o( the chief offlcer fro ® Madge, Lieut.-Governor to Administrator) in the Commonwealth Parliament at the end of May , the Minister for Pac i flc Territories (]yr r T\r o ck) announced the following changes Tn the Territory’s Ld? ministrative macSnerv m'nistrative machinery.

“The Papuan Public Service formerly contained an office of Administrator, the occupant of which was responsible for the administration of the territory during the inability or absence from the territory of the Lieutenant-Governor. In 1924 it was decided that the senior official member of the Executive Council should carry out such functions under the title of Acting Lieutenant-Governor.

“It is now considered desirable to replace the former provision with one on the lines of that obtaining in New Guinea for the appointment of an Acting Administrator, namely, that the Governor-General may appoint a person t'o act as Administrator whenever necessary and, in default of any such appointment, the senior official member of the Executive Council present in the territory shall exercise and perform all the powers and functions of the Administrator; and that the appointment of an Acting Administrator during the absence of the Administrator from the territory shall not affect the exercise or performance by the Administrator himself of any power or function. It is considered that provision should also be made for the appointment of a Deputy Administrator in respect of the whole territory in order to facilitate administration when the Administrator is still irt the territory, but is carrying out tours of inspection and so is absent from the centre of administration.

“The Papua Act at present provides that the Executive Council shall consist of nine members, one of whom must be a non-official member chosen by and from the five non-official members of the Legislative Council. The remaining eight official members are officers of the territory. The population of Papua at present comprises about 1,600 Europeans and 300,000 natives. It is considered that greater elasticity should be permitted in the number of official members on the Council and, accordingly, instead of the statutory obligation to have an Executive Council of nine members, it is proposed that this number should be a maximum, the actual number of members fluctuating between five and nine as may be necessary to meet the conditions of the territory. It is proposed that provision be made for the appointment of deputies of both the official members and the non-official member of the Executive Council.

“The existing term of the non-official members of the Legislative Council is six years, but it has been decided that this should be reduced to four years.

It has also been thought desirable to provide for the appointment of extraordinary members of the Legislative Council. Such members would be persons who would be able to tender expert advice on any particular matter with which the Council might be required to deal, but would not be entitled to vote or to be counted in any quorum of the Council.

“It has also been decided to alter the designation of the chief court of the territory from that of the “Central Court” to that of the “Supreme Court”. _ The court is vested with similar jurisdiction in the Territory as a Supreme Court in the States of the Commonwealth.

“The late Sir Hubert Murray occupied the office of Judge of the Central Court as well as Lieutenant-Governor. There is another judge in the Territory. The salary paid to Sir Hubert Murray was at the rate of £l,BOO per annum. It is proposed that the salary to be assigned to the office of Administrator, who will not be required to perform judicial duties, should be at the rate of £1,500 per annum.”

Mr. L. Logan, Headquarters Officer, Port Moresby, has relinquished his duties in order to take up military work. 28 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

ii 'O5 T ftp if i It is made from pure mustard and its colour and tastiness lends itself to decorative and appetising savouries.

Here is a recipe for a delicious mayonnaise dressing, which will keep indefinitely, and makes an attractive colour contrast to salads: 3 A cup Water V 2 cup Holbrooks Pure Malt Vinegar 4 tablespoons Holbrooks Mustard Sauce 2 tablespoons Flour 1 tablespoon Sugar 1 tablespoon Butter V 2 teaspoon Salt Yolks of two Eggs Dash of Cayenne Pepper Melt butter, stir in flour, then all the liquids, salt, sugar and cayenne pepper. Add the beaten yolks of eggs to the hot mixture and stir until thick.

MS-2 OPENING OF RUGBY FOOTBALL SEASON IN SUVA.

Top: The Artillery Team, beaten by the Rovers by 10 to 0. Note "Ranger", the Artillery mascota St. Bernard dog which weighs 14 stone. Centre left: Genial John Wiley, a Rugby stalwart, is an intersted spectator. With Mr. Taylor, Mr. Wiley managed the New Zealand tour of the Fijian Rugby Team last season, when Fiji secured the unique record of winning every match in the tour.

Centre right: Captain Wickstead in an absorded on-looker. Bottom: The Governor (Sir Harry Luke) shaking hands with a memver of the Rovers, who are being introduced. Behind His Excellency is Mr. J. B. K. Taylor (Chairman of the Management Committee of the Fiji Rugby Union). 29 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J illy 15, 1940

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SINABADA'S DIARY SUNDAY: WE find ourselves on board a very grimy schooner, on final stage of journey to new Papuan home. We perch in stern; remaining deck space swarms with Papuans of every description. Do not join in deck sports, which include snoring on mats, chewing betel nut, expectorating into sea. or just looking blank. Journey is 30 miles from Samarai, through bright blue sea. Wallow in tropical glamour, pretending not to notice large cockroaches enjoying leather of suitcases, nor the exhaust smoke, which occasionally blots us from view.

Negotiate rather wobbly wharf and two miles of depressed-looking plantation.

New home rears into view, high up on piles—as if bitten by bull-ant. Taubada, baby and self clamber into new domain; find staff lined up to greet us.

First the cook, with his name—Seloi— tattooed on chest to help those of uncertain memory; Renie, his “wife”, in a shapeless calico dress and agony of embarrassment; Tobina, wash-boy, his head so stuffed with flowers as to resemble window-box; Dodie, aged 11, who Seloi declares is his uncle; a small object known as Grain, who will run messages and tend the cum-cums. Staff lives in O.S. dog-kennel at bottom of garden.

MONDAY: UNPACKING sets in, Seloi stands on head in packing-case, hands article to Renie, who passes it to Dodie, who allows Grain to remove wrapping. All fall into attitudes of admiration as each dim-dim possession is revealed. Special enthusiasm over sixpenny fly-swatter. Explained its use, whereupon each in turn pursues startled Papuan fly up and down kitchen. Only casualty is Grain—swatted ear.

Suddenly, smoke pours through floor.

Dash down to ground level to find Tobina lighting large fire under house for copper, explaining brightly, “Think might’e rain come”.

Catch sight of female in grass skirt, apparently in trance, under frangipanni tree; informed she is Louisa, womanwork’im-garden. Question Renie about grass skirt habit, and learn Louisa wears seven of them, thus explaining curious portico effect all round. When top one gets dirty, the idea is to add another to cover it. Apparently, even her best friends won’t tell her when to start a grass fire.

TUESDAY: Extraordinary palisade in garden turns out to be house-belong-cumcum. Think cum-cums bored to sobs with no view, so get Grain to loose them for walk-about. Cum-cums burst out with grateful looks, which go to heart.

Suddenly find behind me a muchtattooed gentleman, clad in large leaf, strip of string and 14 leg-bracelets. Further in rear is native woman, skyscraper of bananas on head, leaf basket of pineapples on back, string of tomatoes in one hand. In return for fruit, this dashing greengrocer would like “tabac”. Transaction concluded, he departs, promising to bring yams, oranges, pawpaws, pumpkins and sweet potatoes. “Our van will call at door”, apparently. Hope the “van” will get her share of the tobacco, and have the bananas hung up under verandah.

Later, hear nervous clucking from the garden. Look out to see Grain slinking along behind party of elderly cum-cums, all displaying signs of early hysterics.

Question Soloi, who explains business belong Grain for catch’im eggie—so it behoves him to keep close watch on his charges while they are gadding about.

Startled from bed, 10 p.m., by horrible flapping noise, shrill shrieks, like banshees’ annual outing. Hasten forth, to find party of decrepit umbrellas fighting over bananas. Torch turns them into flying foxes, flapping hastily home. Put bananas in kitchen.

WEDNESDAY: DECIDE that I have material for excellent zoo.

Inquire into mysterious noises in ceiling. “Three puss-cat”, says Seloi. W}iy in ceiling? Apparently puss-cats peculiar that way, and everybody humours them.

Muffled shrieks from Dodie, who dislodges enormous green frog from sideboard. Wants to stun it with broom, but prevent him on grounds that dear old frog will stay and catch mosquitoes.

Later, entire staff yells and falls down steps into garden. Find them pursuing herd of large pigs, busy cleaning up garden with snouts like vacuum cleaners.

Many enormous spiders live in house, but all courteous about stepping to one side to let self pass, Ghecko lizards skate about walls; even found one leaving safe with guilty look, and butter on face.

Difficult time getting into bed because of heavy traffic in bats. They swoop through our doorless house like openingscene in thriller; but they do good work among the mosquitoes already queuing up on net.

Rain during night. Appalling noise breaks out, like blunt saw whining on green wood, overlaid with knots, but in lower key, and heavily amplified. Track sound to dining-room table. Dear old 30 July 15, 194 O—P0 —P acific Islands Monthly

feather saps strength puts it back ' Rich in juniper and healthful herbs ENERATIONS dfcii§lisj) (fiflarcttfs of ©nolitii In case of difficulty in obtaining supplies, write to BOX 1801 K.. G.P.0., SYDNEY. the supeb cisiMiirTfs " u * Mpmsi *t/i %<rnbm< frog is greeting downpour with enthusiasm. Persuade him to sample it.

THURSDAY: FIND broken sherry-glass on floor, 6 a.m. Staff protest innocence. Self annoyed, but resigned.

Do some interior decorating. Dodie pulls down old curtains, daintily patterned in mildew, helps hang new ones.

Show him best way to hammer in nail.

Hit thumb. Dodie laughs with unaffected enjoyment, but self not amused. Noticed D.’s disconcerting sense of humour previously, when self tripped over unexpected bump in kitchen floor. Decide cannot explain why not funny.

Throw old curtains on floor and say “No want’im’’. Dodie gives excited yelp and gallops them off to kitchen. Five minutes later, am electrified to see entire staff clad in curtains, with air of those showing advance spring styles.

About to sit down for dinner, when notice dear old frog squatting on chair.

Poke him sharply; ne springs among sherry glasses with air of one who knows them well. No casualties, but dear old frog taken long way into garden and abandoned.

Another nocturnal shower. Dear old frog heard commenting upon it. Treasure hunt with torch finds him inside Taubada’s pith helmet.

FRIDAY: TCBINA, crowned with orchids and cum-cum’s tail feather, goes mad with packet of starch; my gaze caught by curious independent look of washing, practically standing up alone and closely resembling three-ply.

Finish address on this subject, to find baby playing with lethargic beetle, with air of one about to consume it when ready. Am disposing of beetle over verandah rail when dear old frog, very friendly, bounds upon my shoulder. Put him in shoe box, tell Dodie to find him new and better home.

Visited by three grass skirts, asking for “smoke paper’’. Grass skirts also keen to see baby, full of admiring murmurs at size and strength. Baby can’t stop laughing. Regular queue of grass skirts later. Realise more smoke paper only Denegeld, so firmly shake head.

Later, still, am telling Taubada of freedom from frogs when deep croaking sets in from under very noses. Dear old frog found perching on ledge under table.

Taubada squelches to nearest swamp and drops frog in. Peaceful night.

SATURDAY: IN middle of shower, when look up, and see dear old frog staring down from pipe. Begin to feel must be expected to say “hey presto”, etc., and turn frog back into handsome prince. Personally conduct him to superior coconut tree great distance away.

Two women neighbours drive eight miles to call on me. Seloi says he savvies san’wich too much. Tell him make some tomato, some curried egg and hand Dodie tin of raspberry jam for filling inside sponge cake. Afternoon tea looks nice.

Hand round sandwiches confidently. Later, have one myself, and look abruptly at guests, whose faces bland and polite.

Find Seloi has put curried egg, tomato AND raspberry jam, all together, in all sandwiches. Laugh it off as sort of thing one must be prepared for in tropical housekeeping, but am not delighted. 7 p.m. Dear old frog noticed blessing home from top of Picasso print. Cast him forth. 8 p.m. Dear old frog singing gaily from top of new curtains. Throw him out. 9 p.m. Dear old frog hopping happily on verandah. Turn him away. 10 p.m. One dear old frog carolling on book-shelf, another dear old frog bellowing in waste-paper basket. Decide after all, it cannot be same frog all the time, but whole series of frogs. Make C.I.D. search of house and throw three dear old frogs far, far away in garden. Peace reigns. 3 a.m. Dear old frog greets another Papuan dawn.

R.M.

Mr, L. Bintley, A.R.1.8.A., has taken up duties as architect in the Public Works Department of the Fiji Civil Service.

Mr. Malcolm Sheehan, a well-known man on the New Guinea Goldfields for some years past, left recently by air for Australia, where it is understood he anticipates re-entering the service of the R.A.A.F., of which he was a member during the last war. At the Wau Club, on the eve of his departure, Mr. Sheehan was farewelled by a representative gathering of many old friends.

Dr. R. J. Snodgrass, of the Medical Department of the Fiji Service, has been transferred from Taveuni to Suva. He was replaced by Dr. M. L. McCauley.

Mr. Keith Hedstrom, youngest son of Sir Maynard Hedstrom, of Fiji, recently left the Colony to enlist for army service abroad. 31 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Mr. Allan Gow, of Kavieng, T.N.G., arrived in Australia recently to join the R.A.A.F.

Patriotic Sketch in Rabaul WHEN the Administrator of New Guinea visited the schools in and near Rabaul on Empire Day (May 24), he witnessed a special display at the Yang Ching (Catholic) School, where Chinese children are educated and trained. The display was as shown in the photograph.

A girl representing a fairy appeared and commanded each letter to explain its significance in turn. In obedience, a girl pupil, clad in neat blue and white school uniform, wearing red, white and blue ribbons, rose from behind each letter. “E” stood for Empire; “M” for Motherland; <I P” for Peace; “I” for Interest in one another; “R” for Rex, our King, the head of the Empire; “E”

Earnestness in our work; “D”, Deus, for Gold and His help; “A” Australia; “Y” for Youth, who are prepared to help; “1” for one and unity; “9” the nine large dominions and colonies of the Empire (Great Britain, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Burma, Pacific Islands and the West Indies); “4” was for God, King, Country and Peace; while “0” stood for nothing being possible without help from God. The patriotic sketch was brought to a conclusion by the singing of “We are Sons and Daughters of the Empire”.

The Administrator warmly complimented the Sisters on the excellence of the display, which they had designed and arranged.

Mr. P. O. Cuthbert, who was born in Suva and served his engineering apprenticeship in Nausori, has been appointed Engineer-Surveyor to the Maritime Services Board, Sydney.

Mr. George Miedecke, eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. G. Miedecke, of Magia Plantation, Western Samoa, has joined the R.A.A.F. (Melbourne).

Mr. G. P. Nelligan, of the Fiji Post and Telegraph Department, recently left the Colony on leave, prior to retirement. 32 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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COPYRIGHT 8.228 To a Lady Seen on a Ship KEEP quiet, silly woman, in blue evening gown, Your babbling and noise make these deckstrollers frown.

Lest, with murder, I add to my crimes, get thee hence!

Vamoose, loud-voiced bint! You’re just “over the fence”.

Begone from this deck, where, with music complete, The young Islands lovers are whispering sweet Little nothings, while strolling or waltzing along; Whilst you jangle and jar, with your voice like a gong.

We hear you complain, to your escort, you wish You could—but you can’t—trust these tropical fish!

And then, in the tones of a militant bull.

You recount how your people have oodles of “pull”.

You vociferously shriek at the wonderful moon, And, within the same sentence, you tell us that soon You’ll be sailing to England, to visit Lord Blair.

Ye Gods! We do pity the folk over there.

You laugh like a fog-horn, you answer “I gueass”.

Good faith! Do we care if your new evening “drass”

Was ruined last night, at the party below, When someone spilled beer on it? Good heavens, no!

Your face, plastered white with the powder you use, And cheeks, two red blots of the rouge you abuse, In spite of the soft light, and romantic hour, Look, truly, as though you immersed them in flour.

You gush and you gabble, on subjects which you Know nothing about, though you might think you do.

You believe you have “it”, you redoubtable ass.

And you shatter our peace like a sledgehammer, glass.

With your long toe-less shoes, and your bare back and arms, Which in your case, will never be thought of as charms.

With fingernails screaming, that, really, you’re dead— Go away! Go to hell! Or, at least, go to bed.

Take your paltry belongings, your rug and your sacque, Take them quickly below, and don’t dare to come back.

Just get—let me put it as clear as the night, Which you have been spoiling—get out of our sight!

J. G. McI.

Solomon Islands.

Rev. H. S. Hipkin, who arrived in England from the Solomon Islands at the end of last year, is now assisting in a London parish. Some time ago, the Bishop of Melanesia and the English Committee of the organisation decided to appoint a missionary with Melanesian experience to devote his whole time to stimulating interest in England in the work of the Melanesian Mission; but the war interfered with the plan. Rev. Hipkin, who has been with the Mission for eight years, will therefore lecture and preach for the Mission until a permanent appointment has been made.

Meli Bainimarama, a retired Fiji prison warder, was presented with the Imperial Service Medal by the Governor of Fiji recently.

Mr. R. H. Crook, of the Fiji Customs Department, arrived in Australia recently on several months’ furlough. 33 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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FEEDING 70,000,000 PEOPLE HOW the Netherlands East Indies administration deals with its population problems was explained by Mr. J. van Holst Pellekaan, Dutch Trade Commissioner in Sydney, at the June meeting of the Pacific Islands Society.

It is no light task to produce sufficient food each year for 70,000,000 people, or to provide land in the outer islands for the large annual increase in native population. Even a decrease in rice production of from five to ten per cent., the Commissioner explained, would have disastrous consequences. The border lino between famine, and sufficient for requirements, is very fine indeed.

Dr. H. lan Hogbin, moving a vote of thanks, paid high tribute to the Dutch as colonisers. “We have been fortunate in having such good neighbours in the East,” he said, “and we want to keep them as neighbours!”

Major D. Junor, O.C. Signals of the Fiji Defence Force, arrived in Australia recently to join the A.I.F.

Which Was Cook's Marae ?

Some Further Light and Argument

By J. D. Mccomish

THE subject of Mr. A. C. Rowland’s article in the “P.1.M.” of May, is one in which I am keenly interested.

Like Mr. Rowland, I have spent a good deal of time endeavouring to locate “the great moral at Attahooroo”, where, on September 1, 1777, Captain Cook, in the company of Otoo (the King), saw a human sacrifice offered to the god Oro.

I found that “Attahooroo” was not a place, but a large district on the western side of the island (Tahiti), which apparently covered the area of the present-day district of Punaauia (and possibly part of the district of Paea). Cook’s account (contained in the record of his 3rd voyage, Vol. 2, pp. 31 et seq.) shows that the marae was near the shore.

“The dead body, or sacrifice, was in a small canoe that lay on the beach, and partly in the wash of the sea, facing the morai. Two of the priests, with some of their attendants, were sitting by the canoe, the others at the morai The ceremonies now began. One of the priests seated at the morai, facing those who were upon the beach, now began a long prayer, and, at certain times, sent down young plantain trees, which were laid upon the sacrifice. . . As soon as the prayer was ended, the priests at the morai, with their attendants, went and sat down by those upon the beach . .

The ceremonies continued for some time, but there is no need for me to quote further, the above extracts clearly showing that the site of the marae was close to the shore. I am therefore at a loss to understand Mr. Rowland’s statement _ that Cook’s account places it at a considerable distance inland.

Acceptance of this statement, together with another quoted by Mr. Rowland from Ellis, apparently diverted him and Mr. Phillips when they were, or so it appears to me, hot on the scent of “Cook’s marae”. (Ellis, in his “Polynesian Researches”, Vol. 1, page 207, misquotes Wm. Wilson, first mate of the “Duff”, by showing the latter’s description of “The great morai at Pappara” as that of the pyramid of “the large temple at Atehuru”. The marae which Wilson described and sketched—see page 207 of the account of the voyage of the “Duff”—was that visited by Cook and Banks in 1769, in the district of Papara.

It exists to-day as a vast, irregular mount of broken coral, etc., and is known as Marae Mahaiatea.) Mr. Rowland quotes Emery as saying (Bishop Museum Bulletin No. 116) that he believed Marae-Taata, a group of three enclosed maraes lying 460 yards from the lagoon, near Papehue, Paea District, to be “Cook’s marae”. The distance of Marae-Taata from the shore of the lagoon, in the face of Cook's description, debars it from consideration as being “Cook’s marae”.

Marae Taputaputea, on Punaauia Point (see Emory, page 61), seems to me to fit in better with Cook’s description.

Ellis (Vol. 1, pp. 496 et seq.) says that, after the acceptance of Christianity, the people of Tahiti destroyed everything connected with this marae (which he calls one of the greatest national maraes) excepting “the massy pile of 34 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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solid stone-work” which formed one end of <he area which the marae included.

This pile of slone-work remained until 1824, when, in connection with the annual examination of the pupils at the mission school at Burder’s Point (Punaauia Pt.) it was levelled, and the materials used to build a platform 3 ft. high, 194 ft. long, and 175 ft. wide, the whole surrounded by a stone wall cemented with lime. On this platform, on June 11, 1824, ninety tables were arranged, seats provided, and all the children in the school, about 240, dined together. Interference of this nature makes it difficult for investigators to follow the lines of the original construction.

Emory records further interference by the French authorities in 1846. In Bishop Museum Bulletin No. 116, Emory describes all the maraes which he was able to trace in the ancient district of Attahooroo. Marae Taputaputea, on Punaauia Point, is the only one which is close to the sea. In this respect, at least, it answers Cook’s description.

With reference to the very fine engraving which illustrates Mr. Rowland’s article: This does not depict “The great marae Taputapuatea at Punaauia (Atehuru)” but the “Great morai of Temarre at Pappara in Otaheite”, sketched by Wm. Wilson in 1797, and shown in the account of the voyage of the “Duff”, facing page 207.

Learn To Understand

Your Polynesians !

THE need for the full development of a school of Polynesian studies was urged by Professor Sir Thomas Hunter, vice-chancellor of the University of New Zealand, .in an address in Auckland, recently.

“With Australia, we are becoming increasingly responsible for much important administrative work in the Pacific,” said Sir Thomas. “Either in co-operation with Australia or by ourselves we should provide facilities for training those who are to take responsible posts in and who are to determine the destinies of the British possessions in these southern seas. Samoa should have taught us that sympathy and goodwill are not enough. Knowledge and understanding are essential.”

The reference to Australia is difficult to follow. Australia has no jurisdiction over Polynesians—unless a few Nauruans come into that classification.

But there occasionally is need for a better understanding of Polynesians by the young gentlemen whom N.Z. sends to govern Western Samoa, Cook Islands, etc. One sometimes has seen lads graded as ordinary clerks in their own countries, lording it over Polynesian aristocrats who had forgotten more about good manners and noblesse ohliqe than the white official ever had learned.

Lieutenant-Colonel H. E. Woodman, who had been 12 years in New Guinea, latterly as District Officer at Kavieng, has enlisted in the A..1.F and is at present in command of a battalion. Lieut.- Colonel Woodman served with distinction in the last war and gained the rank of battalion commander in 1918.

Mr. T. Aitcheson, who died in Suva recently at the age of 80, was connected with the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., Ltd., practically all his life. He was master of the Co.’s paddle steamer “Rarawai” until it was withdrawn from service, and later he retired on pension.

Aerial Defences

Norfolk Island's Importance to Australia THE importance of Norfolk Island in the aerial defence of Australia and New Zealand was emphasised by the island’s Administrator (General Sir Charles Rosenthal) when addressing members of the Pacific Islands Society at the Carlton Hotel in Sydney, on June 26.

Sir Charles said that, ever since his assumption of office, he had urged upon the Commonwealth Government the necessity of linking Norfolk Island by air with Australia, New Zealand, the Solomons and the New Hebrides group.

One result of his recent visit to Canberra, he said, was the approval of an aerodrome site on the island.

“People must realise that Norfolk Island is of great strategic importance, as one of the outer defences of this country,” he said, “and in these days, when one does not know what will happen within the next twenty-four hours, it is most essential that we should be prepared for any eventuality.”

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Winter Number

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Pitcairn Is. New Stamps Eager Collectors Awaiting Issue STAMP collectors are displaying lively interest in the forthcoming new issue of Pitcairn Island stamps, beingarranged by the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Suva. The stamps, with their pictorial designs, are:— y 2 d. Cluster of oranges.

Id. View of Pitcairn Island from the sea, with a representation of Fletcher Christian on the stern of ELM*. Armed Vessel “Bounty”.

IVfed. John Adams and his house. 2d. View of H.M. Armed Vessel “Bounty”, with a portrait of Lieutenant Bligh, R.N. 3d. Map showing the relation of Pitcairn Island to other islands in the Pacific Ocean. 6d. A broadside view of H.M. Armed Vessel “Bounty”. !/-• View of Pitcairn Island from the sea with a portrait of Fletcher Christian. 2/6. View taken on Pitcairn Island, with a representation of Fletcher (Christian on the stern of H.M. Armed Vessel “Bounty”.

The issue probably will be one of philately’s best sellers, and the Commission easily may make a profit on it of £25,000 or £30,000.

But how are collectors going to obtain sets? Ships call at Pitcairn irregularly and infrequently. Probably sets will be on sale at the High Commissioner’s office, Mr. J. G. Somerfield, who has been manager at the Levuka branch of the Bank of N.S.W. for some time, left for New Zealand in June, accompanied by Mrs. Somerfield. Mr. S. H. I. Massey has now taken up the nosition of Levuka manager.

T.B. In Papua

No Precautions in Native Villages WE had been wandering, most of the day, about the beach and its fringe of coconuts and casuarinas, and were hot and dirty. When we finally came aboard we were tired enough to welcome the cool breeze which had sprung up after dinner and were prepared just to sit back and enjoy it.

There was a big feast—or “Christmas” as the boys called it—ashore, and the lights of many fires twinkled along the beach and cast shimmering reflections on the rippling water. At times, bursts of song and the sound of drums would reach our ears, muted by distance.

The pigs, apparently, had all been killed during the day, or enough for the night’s celebration—although squeals could still be heard at times.

Friend Bill looked thoughtful, as we lay back on deck, with our feet on the rail, smoking. Suddenly, he broke the silence: “I believe that two of those pigs killed over there to-day were infected with T. 8.”

No one showed much interest, and Bill looked a bit surprised and, standing up, went on: “I suppose none of you can realise just what that means. It means that the Papuan native (we know he has T.B. to some extent) is in for a tough time. He prizes his pigs, and almost lives with them. Thev crawl underneath his houses and eat all his refuse, and leave their own there. These pigs are eaten and, at feast times, are transported to other villages.

“Now, two of those pigs we saw to-day, I will swear, had T.B. and they will be paten, and the germs transplanted to black brother, and some more natives will join the sufferers. They will go home, and spit around the place, and the pigs will come round.

“The thing is like a snowball. The further it goes the bigger it gets. If it is not caught early it will get out of hand.”

The prospector asked how it could be stopped, and suggested keeping the pigs out of the villages. Then he said that, if the pigs out here had T. 8., what about the ones at Hanuabada village, right under the nose of the Government and Mission.

The skipper said that a big percentage of the natives of Hanuabada had T. 8., but that he did not know about the pigs.

T asked Bill how he knew the pigs had T. 8,, and he said: “I have no positive proof, but I am certain in my own mind.

At one time, I was an inspector in the meat industry, and one of the things we looked for was T.B. I had a good look at some of those pigs to-day, and I am positive that if tests were made they would be found to be infected.”

I said: “Yes, but won’t cooking kill the germs?”

“Yes, proper cooking”, said Bill. “Come ashore for a few minutes and have a look-see.”

We clambered into the dinghy and were rowed ashore. Pieces of dead pig were everywhere among the feasters. Some looked 0.K., but they ranged from being well-cooked to being merely singed. But all was going the same way. After half an hour, we went back aboard.

I often have thought over that night.

Did those pigs have T. 8.? Has the possibility of village pigs being infected been thought of? If so. has anything been 36 July 15, 19 4 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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done about it? Is there much T.B. in Hanuabada, as the skipper says?

If so, the Mission would do well to spend a little time, looking into it. Or the Government could do it. Some high Government officials live near Hanuabada, and a big Mission station is there.

I know that there is a T.B. hospital at Gemo Island, but it is only for those who are already infected, and there is no law to sav that an infected native must stop there. He can go home when he likes, and infect others.

I have never known Bill to be far wrong in his facts, but I suggest that someone with more specialised knowledge have a look. If no one else bothers about it I will trv and do so later. Also there have been two deaths of Europeans from T.B. in the Eastern end, Samarai, in the last eighteen months. Bill might be only too right.- "DAIKA”.

Rev. C. S. Bull, of the Anglican Mission in Fiji, who has been attached to the staff of St. David’s Cathedral, Hobart, Tasmania, during recent months, will return to Suva in August.

Mr. Keith Mountain, only son of the late Mr. Arthur Mountain and Mrs.

Mountain, of Drummoyne, Sydney, was married to Miss Hazel Ball, second daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Ball, of Burwood, Sydney, in Port Moresby recently. The bride, who was given away by Mr. K. Grey, of Mirigeda, was attended by Mrs. D. Pyke, as Matron of Honour. Miss Marjorie McLaughlan acted as flower girl, and Mr. M. Guy was best man. A reception held at the home of Mr. and Mrs. J. Campbell, on Port Road. Port Moresby, was attended by a large number of guests. yf ITLER was conversing with his head men w j ien ' one 0 f them remarked: “I hear they re starting another campaign against malaria.” « And Wgh time> too ” snar led Adolf.

TVTaiarianc Vi«vp hpph in ®. tJ9 ? se iviaiarians nave oeen treating our German minority is something terrible!”—“N.Z. National Review”.

Pioneer Of Fiji

When Prince Hindi Visited

RAROTONGA THE recent visit of the new Ariki Nui of Rarotonga (Mrs. Love) to the head of the ancient House of Malietoa in Samoa, recalls the fact that visits between int°r-Island Royalties was once more frequent than in recent years.

In the middle of 1897. the Rarotongans were notified of the impending arrival of Price Hihoi (nephew to Pcmare V) of Tahiti. A ceremonial visit was to be paid Queen Makea. Though the “coconut radio” was not then in existence, rumour was, as usual rife. It was suggested that the nrince would have succeeded Pomare V if “Tahiti had not fallen under French rule”, that he had a pension of £1,500 a year in addition to rents, that in France he had acquired a taste for French liquors.

“All I can say is that it is a pity he had not waited until the coffee season was over”, wrote a European resident, who bewailed the interruption to Rarotonga’s economic life. All through the night the drums resounded. Natives practised their danc°s. No limit was set to the time for making rr^ats.

Prince Hinoi duly arrived in August of that year, and, subsequently, returned the Queen’s hospitality with “a grand luncheon in the French style”. He brought considerable quantities of champagne with him, to which, by the way, the Rarotongans were quite unaccustomed.

Orange beer was more in th°ir line. The majority had never even seen champagne before, and they believed it to be a sort of lemonade. The result was disastrous!

Dr. H. S. Evans, of the Fiji Medical Department, is at present on long leave.

Mr. Georgius Wright, of “Navosa”, Suva, Fiji, the interesting story of whose life was told in the May “P.I.M.” Mr. Wright recently attained his 88th birthday. 37 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Record Of Hurricanes

Prom Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 1.

A MOST interesting essay, “Les Cyclones en Oceanic Francaise”, written by Monsieur J. L. Giovannelli and published in the “Bulletin de la Societe des Etudes Oceaniennes”, includes a list of major disturbances in this part of the South Pacific from 1831 to 1940. They number, during that period of 109 years, fifteen hurricanes of more or less intensity.

Comparing, during approximately the same period, the experience of other archipelagoes M. Giovannelli records: — 80 hurricanes in Fiji ((1840-1923). 58 hurricanes in Tonga (1830-1923). , 39 hurricanes in New Hebrides (1830- 1923). 1923) hurricanes in New Caledonia (1830- 34 hurricanes in Samoa (1830-1923).

Half-Caste

(A memory, aroused by the picture of the Euronesian child, taken on Mauke, C. 1., and reproduced on the front cover of this magazine).

ONE day, in May, 1914, after sundry adventures in a smashing sea, on the reef which lay between the anchorage and the boat-harbour, Nixon and I landed upon the rarely-visited island of Mitiaro, not far from Mauke, in the Cook Islands.

It was a lovely place, and the people, clean and unspoiled Polynesians, clustering around us excitedly, eagerly offering their simple hospitality, seemed to fit exactly into the framework of palmgirt, tropical isle, white coral beach, and blue-green lagoon.

Presently, Nick and I got away from the official doings, and strolled through the little village. It was orderly and fragrant: not a pig in sight, and every fallen palm-frond removed. I discoursed, restlessly, concerning the advantages of life in this quiet and beautiful spot.

Nick seized my arm. “Good God, Robbie—look at that!” he exclaimed.

We were opposite a little house, built somewhat in European fashion. It was buried in tropical greenery. Over the door was a dazzling mass of bougainvillea.

Standing in the doorway, outlined against the dark interior, regarding us gravely, was one of the most beautiful girls we ever had seen —slim, fairly tall, perfectly proportioned, olive skin, and large, dark, expressive eyes.

She made a picture there, under the bougainvillea, I shall never forget. We just stood and stared.

She came forward, with perfect composure, and smiled. “I am Mata,” she said. “You are from the sheep?”

She spoke good English, and her manner was simple and trusting. She walked with us along the pathway, through the palms, and she held Nick’s hand, and chattered confidingly.

We had called at many islands, and, being regarded as rangatiras of importance, we had received the flattering attention of many charming Polynesian ladies. Up to now, Nick had displayed merely an academic interest. He held sternly to certain ideals. The quick and flaming friendships of Polynesia did not appeal to him.

But this sweet and simple Mitiaro girl bowled him over, completely. She questioned him eagerly about life in his big world outside; and, as eagerly, he sought her story.

It was an oft-told tale. Eighteen years ago, a Portuguese sailor, off a Hong Kong trading-ship, had lived a while in Mitiaro, and temporarily loved the daughter of a chiefly family. Then he had wandered on, and Mata was born.

She had been reared by her mother’s family, and a missionary had taken her to Rarotonga, for a few years, where she had had an education of sorts. She was intelligent, proud of her European blood, eager for European contacts.

“But what are you going to do?” asked Nick, trying unhappily to visualise her future.

“I dunno,” she said. “I no want to stay here. They say I must take my boy—l have waited too long. But I no want these boys—l am papaldngi (a white person).”

Nick stored at the lovely thing, and 38 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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Mata was a well-grown and beautiful seventeen. It was astonishing that, so long, she had remained chaste. She told us something of her struggle. Pride, it seemed, had up-borne her—pride in her white blood. But what was to be her fate? There were only a couple of white men there, both married. A ship came only once or twice a year to lonely Mitiaro.

She turned appealingly to Nick—me, she had quite ignored. “You take me with you,” she said. “To Rarotonga, or maybe New Zealand. I can work. I can teach school. I am cook. Oh, I no want to stay here and marry native —I am papalangi!”

I took one look at Nick, and fled.

The dear old lad was learning, at first hand, something of the tragedy of the half-caste. * * * LATE in the afternoon, we sailed. As I waited at the boat-landing, I saw Nick and Mata coming slowly along the shore, hand in hand, under the gently-nodding trees.

Presently, he joined me and the others, at the landing. His face was grim, and he said nothing. We were surrounded by scores of Polynesian men, women and children. But Mata remained in the background, apart.

As our boats pulled away across the lagoon, the natives sang their haunting songs, and cried farewells. Our party chatted happily together—it had been a pleasant, interesting day.

But Nick silently watched that slim white figure, sitting apart, under the deep-green beach trees. She did not move. I imagined her watching the papalangi go out of her life, with the same grave, sweet look as she had greeted us, in the village street.

Nick spoke bitterly in my ear. “These swine,” said he, indicating our happy, comfortable, chattering party, “think it is fine to have affairs with the Islands girls. Perhaps they do the girls no harm —certainly the girls are willing enough —but look at the results of it. Look at that tragedy back there! I shall never forget that girl, and what our rotten civilisation has done for her.”

That was twenty-five years ago; but I still can see Mata, lovely enough to grace any European assembly anywhere, sitting quietly beside the lagoon, watching the white men departing across the seas, and resigning herself at last to the life of a native wife and mother. —R.

Mr. Edwin Berry, of the Berry Engineering Co., Suva, Fiji, arrived in Auckland recently by the “Mariposa”, on a short holiday.

Mr. T. B. D. Edwards, returned recently to Suva, Fiji, where he has again taken over the management of the local station of Cable and Wireless, Ltd. Mr.

L. G. Cottew, who has been manager of the station for the past few months left the Colony for Australia on transfer by the June “Mariposa”.

The Salmon Family of Tahiti Letter to the Editor PERHAPS “Cloughogue” can enlighten us still more concerning the antecedents of John Mortimer Salmon, the subject of his article “Tale of Errant Navigation”, in your June issue.

He refers to him as “a scion of the Jewish Salmons of Tahiti”. I have seen this in print before; also, that the Rarotongan Salmon was an American.

The founder of the Salmon family in Tahiti was, of course, Alexander Salmon, an Englishman, who married Arii-taimai, the chieftainess of Papara. There is nothing to show on the Salmon family tree (as published by Teuira Henry, in her “Ancient Tahiti”) of the existence of any J. M. Salmon. Therefore, the latter could not have been a descendant of Alexander Salmon.

This question has often puzzled students of modern Polynesian history, and “Cloughogue” would perform a genuine service if he cleared it up. I am inclined to the view that these men were not related, and that the name is merely a coincidence. Contemporary newspaper accounts refer to J. M. Salmon as an American.

I am, etc., ERIC RAMSDEN.

Pacific Islands Society, Sydney, June 18, 1940.

Miss B, L. Hilton retired recently from the District Administration Dept., Fiji. 39 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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AGENTS THROUGHOUT THE ISLANDS.

Miss Jean Cunningham, of Rabaul, arrived in Australia recently to marry Mr. John Cox, also of New Guinea, who is a member of the A.I.F.

Mr. W. A. Miller, who was a Commissioner of Works in the Colony of Fiji, some years ago, died recently at the age of 70.

Mr. Keith Phillips, formerly wellknown in Lautoka, Fiji, as an electrician with the C.S.R. Co., is at present serving in England as a member of the R.A.A.F. contingent.

Mr, H, C. Monckton. formerly Adviser in Native Affairs in Fiji, has arrived in Sydney with Mrs. Monckton, and they have taken up residence in Manly. It is expected that one of their sons, who is now at school in New Zealand, will join them before long and attend engineering classes at the University of Sydney.

Mr. Christopher Hennings, a member of one of Fiji’s pioneer families, who was for many years in the emplov of the Bank of New Zealand, has taken up residence in Sydney.

The Judgment Of

MOATI "Cloughogue's" Story of Old Rarotonga IN that not-so-long-ago yesterday, when the Arikis, the high chiefs of Rarotonga, ruled each his own quarter of the island with regal mana, under the fatherly tutelage of L.M.S. missionaries, there dwelt in Ngatangiia (centre of the Takitumu clans) in the bailiwick of Pa Ariki, a sojourner named Silvestre.

This Silvestre, a Portuguese, of the genus beachcomber, had discharged himself, or been voided, from a whaleship some years previously. Whatever the circumstances, the ship had departed without apparent grief at losing him.

He had captured—or been captured by —a native wife, somewhat past the first flush of youthful bloom. She, for pride of having a tane papaa (European husband) was content to provide him with all those material necessities of life which natives valued, and which were within her means, in return for reasonably sole ownership of such a prize.

They were properly and most efficiently married, for the code of laws the missionaries had placed on the Islands left no loophole for marital partnerships unblessed by the Church.

Silvestre’s laxity concerning church attendance was a matter of regret to his native friends, but the European missionaries, assuming him to be a Catholic, were content to overlook it, lest sleeping dogs be awakened.

The islanders were kept on the narrow path of morality, honesty, righteousness and church attendance (especially the latter) by duly appointed and empowered judges and police. These were selected from the elite of the local pure, or church members.

A chieftain of high native rank, Moati, was the judge for Silvestre’s residential district: and from the deacons supplied the police.

The Europeans on the island at this time were few, and they held together as a body of friends, social class distinction forgotten. Silvestre was welcomed and received amongst the whites, for he had a virtue which endeared him to them and to the more church-resistant among his native neighbours. He was unequalled in his ability to brew bush beer and wine of highest quality— an ability due surely to his race, and fatherland of Portugal.

SOME eight or ten miles distant, at Titikaveka, lived his special friend, Charlie Smith, an American Dutchman, known colloqually as Charlie Boer, from the time of the Boer war.

Charlie, constrained by the united pressure of love, local law and the need of a housekeeper who would “cook and wash him”, was about to take unto himself a native girl as wife. I may add that she proved one of the best bargains Charlie ever made, until he “went west” some years ago.

That the wedding festivities might be worthy of the occasion, in the matter of feasting, and with proper liquid alternative to aqua pura and innocuous, greencoconut water, Charlie despatched an early invitation to Silvestre, requesting his presence a few days ahead to_ give a hand with the quality and quantity of beer, so necessary and highly esteemed 40 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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Silvestre’s native wife allowed him at this time to live a life of luxurious ease, but much material wealth was beyond her. What clothing Silvestre possessed, when he first landed, had long ceased to be. His wardrobe at the period consisted mainly of a pareu, a dilapidated singlet, and a hand woven hat of ran ara (pandanus leaf), the last a love-gift from his wife.

Jointly, with his wife, Silvestre was owner of the Island-plenty in pigs and fowl; but a horse or vehicle, with which to reach Titikaveka, formed no part of the joint domestic estate, nor of that of any of her many relatives. Therefore, it became imperative, if he were to get there and do honour to the occasion, in transport and appearance, that he should obtain a pair of dungaree trousers, a new singlet and a buggy with horse and harness.

At the period referred to, the loan of a pair of dungaree trousers, wherewith to promenade at church-time on Sunday morning, was accepted as a quid pro quo for a week’s labour on a plantation, by the native work-boys—in addition, of course, to their food, also shelter if required.

In exchange for a couple of fowls, Silvestre wangled the loan of a pair of almost new dungaree trousers, and a new singlet, from a neighbour who occasionally ran to one or two workboys on his land. It was urgently stipulated that the garments were to be returned in perfect condition, unstained and undamaged, before the following Sunday morning.

For the horse and buggy, he made a deal with Ben Cummings, a Euronesian who owned and loaned on hire such rare properties. Silvestre could have them for the required few days, for the sum of two dollars Chile in advance.

Silvestre found a purchaser for some of his live stock, who had two such dollars in cash.

NEXT morning, dressed in his borrowed plumes, the trousers starched and ironed till they shone, Silvestre mounted on a box in the buggy and set off for Titikaveka.

Soon, arriving at the Vaikokopu River, he drove in to cross the forde —no bridge existing, then. Half way across, where the water was deep enough to invade the buggy floor, the horse took it on himself to halt, in the cool stream.

Standing high on the box, in the buggy, to save his trouser bottoms from getting wet, Silvestre, with voice and stick, vigorously urged the horse to “carry on”. In vain—the horse “stood fast”.

Suddenly, while jerking the reins with spiteful energy, Silvestre lost his balance on the box and toppled overboard.

Alas! for those garments of pride, naught now but wet cloth, with all glory of polish and starch gone. Angered, he reached to the river bottom for a stone, and the one he brought up was somewhat larger and heavier than it was fitting to throw at a horse.

With a vicious curse, he let fly with it, from where he stood, holding on to the tail end of the vehicle. It struck the animal just behind the ears, and, with a terrified leap or two, the horse made for the other side of the river, to stagger along for a few yards, and fall down.

All Silvestre’s efforts to get it upon its feet failed, for some time. However, at last, cleared of harness and shafts, it struggled up, on tottery legs.

Time was passing, and if he didn’t hurry he would be too late for mid-day meal at Charlie’s. It was obvious that the horse could not get him there. He was in a quandary, with a useless horse, and the buggy on the wrong side of the stream to drag home.

Close by, lived Henry Nicholas, a European, with a large establishment and several horses, some of which were tethered within view. This gave Silvestre a thought. He went to the house, explained his predicament, and succeeded in borrowing a horse, leaving that of Ben Cummings in its stead, to recover ere his return from Titikaveka.

THE festivities, for Silvestre, lasted almost a week, and on his return home from the direction opposite his departure--he had circled the island —he was met by a waiting member of the police force, who solemnly informed him that Ben Cummings’s horse had died. He was given formal notice to appear before Judge Moati, on next Court day, to answer a claim lodged by Cummings for 50 dollars Chile, being value of said horse.

After making a few inquiries, which but confirmed the bad news, and return- 41 Pacific Islands Monthl y —3 uly 15, 1940

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50 OXFORD STREET, SYDNEY. ing the borrowed horse to Henry Nicholas, Silvestre made his way to the home of Judge Moati.

Salutations were exchanged, and the Judge asked: “Well, my son, what can I do for you?”

“Judge,” said Silvestre, “I’m in big trouble, and I would like you to help me.”

“Sorry to hear that. Tell me all about it,” replied the Judge. Without doubt he already had heard particulars from Ben Cummings and others, but it was not good policy to expose such knowledge.

Silvestre duly recounted what had happened, as he wished it to be known, winding up with the remark: “Do you know, Judge, I have a very big, fat, black pig. Well, I’d give that to anybody who could help me out of this trouble.”

“It’s a very serious case, and 'l’m sorry for you,” returned the Judge.

“You’re my friend. But I must go by the law. I’m very sorry for you.”

Silvestre urged his need for sympathy and help. For some time they talked back and forth, but the Judge shed no beam of sympathetic sunshine.

At last, discouraged, Silvestre got up to go. He had reached the doorway, and was speaking his “Noo ra” of farewell, when the Judge, holding up his hand to stop him, remarked: “That must be a very fine pig of yours by what you say. I’d like to see it. Do you think you could tie it up in my yard to-morrow, so that I could look at it?”

The very early risers, next morning, noticed a large, fat, black pig tied up in the Judge’s yard, and wondered what it had cost him.

In a few days, “Cummings v. Silvestre” came up in the Court. Ben Cummings deposed to all the circumstances, and emphasised the value of the horse.

Silvestre recounted the accident, laying stress on his discomfort, spoilage of clothing, minimising the size of the pebble he threw at the horse, and urging the horse’s worthlessness.

The Judge listened most carefully. He made no remarks and, at the end, pondered deeply. Then, as if he had found a Solomon-like solution, he called on the plaintiff Cummings before him.

“Cummings,” said he, “what sort of a man are you, and what sort of work is this of yours? You hire to this respectable stranger among us, a horse unfit to do the work for which you knew it was hired. You take from him two good Chile dollars. Through your horse’s fault, his good clothing is spoiled and he might have lost his life or got sickness in the river, and you have the impudence to waste the time of this Court, listening to your claim for 50 dollars Chile for a useless horse. I fine you eight dollars, to be paid at once, and the defendant leaves the Court blameless. The Court is dismissed.”

In those days, the Judge’s pay was represented by the fines, and the pig was in his yard.

Silvestre was ever after known to the natives as “Ki-rapa” (their nearest pronunciation of “Git Up!”).

Scientists In Tahiti

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, May 20.

Notwithstanding war conditions, ethnographic and archaeologic studies are continuing in Oceania.

Monsieur and Madame Van den Broek d’Obrenan, under commission given by the Minister of Colonies last August, are carrying out researches in the islands of this colony.

Attached to the National Museum of Natural History of Paris, Monsieur d’Obrenan is in charge of the department of Oceania. Since their arrival in the colony. M. and Mme. d’Obrenan have graciously placed themselves at the service of the colony and of the Societe d’Etudes Oceaniennes, for the reorganisation and classification of the exhibits of the Museum.

In addition, M. d’Obrenan has inaugurated a course in practical ethnology, which is followed with great interest by members of the local Polynesian Society.

Mr. H. W. Forsyth, formerly of the engineering staff of the Fiji Public Works Department, recently left the Colony to take up a position with the Public Works Department of Hong Kong.

Captain G. B. Nasmyth, well-known Suva Harbourmaster, left Fiji by the June “Mariposa” on leave. He was accompanied by Mrs. Nasmyth and daughter. Captain W. F. D, Hay has taken over the duties of Harbourmaster during Captain Nasmyth’s absence, Mr. R. H. C. Cardew, of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., Rabaul, has enlisted in the New Guinea Force. 42 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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Late R. W. Gasset An Authority on Rarotonga TIE death took place in Sydney, on June 11, very suddenly, of Mr. R.

W. Gosset, president of the Geographical Society of New South Wales, and a well-known authority on Islands history. As a young man, Mr.

Mr, Gosset, who was also a member of the council of the Pacific Islands Society, had made a particular study of Rarotonga, and over the years had accumulated a vast store of unpublished material. Curiously enough, he was working on it only a few days before his death. One of the problems that had interested him was that of the island’s discovery, and as he always awarded that honour to the “Seringapatam”, the article which he was writing for his Society’s journal will be awaited with interest.

Mr. Gosset, an engineer by profession, had always been interested in the engineering exploits of the Polynesians, and had devoted much attention, in that connection, to Easter Island. He was a popular speaker, and much in demand in Sydney to talk on Pacific matters.

A member of an old Huguenot family, he was born in Auckland nearly 60 years ago, and, on both sides of his family, came of military stock. He served during the last war, enlisting as a private, and his only son, Mr. Wayth Gosset, is now in camp at Ingleburn, N.S.W.

In addition, he is survived by his widow and a daughter. The latter is on the secretarial staff at the University of Sydney.

A quiet and unassuming man, Mr. Gosset had the mind of a student, and few men had a wider knowledge of early shipping activity in the Pacific. Rarotonga, however, always remained his principal interest, and it was his ambition, later in life, to prepare the result of his researches for publication.- E.R.

Freak Coconuts

Letter to the Editor A FEW days ago, while watching the native students making soap, my little daughter found a coconut, from which two young shoots were sprouting. She put the nut aside; but, unfortunately, it was husked and broken open. There was a thin division of shell through the middle, and each of the two sections contained a nut complete in itself, and commencing to grow.

Many of the natives said that they had never seen a similar nut, but an older boy told me that some years ago, while working in the Conflict group, he saw a nut, having two compartments, and another divided into three. They were both very big nuts. He also told me that he had found a nut, having six strong young palms growing from it.

I was about to write and tell you of these freaks in the coconut world when the “P.1.M.” for May came to hand, with its story and picture of the six palms from one nut (p. 28).

Under separate cover I am posting a half of the small divided coconut, and trust that the same will be of interest to you and perhaps to your readers.

I am, 'etc., HARRY K. BARTLETT.

Methodist Mission, Misima, Papua.

Mr. C. H. Maclean, who is in. charge ol the W.R.C. shipping department at Rabaul, New Guinea, arrived in Australia recently on leave.

Cosset lived in Rarotonga, where his uncle, the late Colonel Gudgeon, was Commissioner. 43 Pacific Islands Monthly—July 15, 194 0

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Fate Of The "Percy

EDWARDS"

THERE must be many descendants in different parts of the Pacific, including New Zealand, of those Americans who sailed in the late nineties in the brigantine “Percy Edward”. About one hundred of them embarked, in 1896, on this vessel, which had been specially fitted to carry them to some South Seas paradise. Members of the expedition wanted some lonely isle where they could carry out an experiment in civilisation, under ideal conditions. Eventually, they reached Fiji. By that time, they doubted very much whether such an island as the one of which they had dreamed existed!

The expedition was a failure. Some settled in different parts of the Fijian Group, and about fifty went on to New Zealand. But the “Percy Edward” still sailed on, with a few hands. She was partially crippled during a gale, and, later, put into Noumea in distress. There she was condemned and sold. In time the brigantine was re-conditioned in New Caledonia, and entered the labour trade under the French flag. From then on she seems to have disappeared. Perhaps some old-timer has knowledge of her subsequent fate. —E.R.

Mr. G. Snow, of Taveuni, Fiji, is now manager of Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd., Savu Savu.

History Of Teva

CLAN Interesting Glimpse of Old Tahiti READERS of Cook’s “Voyages”, and of the many volumes dealing with Tahitian history that have been written since his day, meet with numerous references to the Teva Clan.

The most authoritive history of this powerful tribal organisation is contained in the scholarly introduction to Volume II of “Quest and Occupation of Tahiti by Emissaries of Spain during the Years 1772-1776”, written by Doctor Bolton Glanvill Corney, the author of that monumental work.

“Much of the family history of their clan, the Teva, has been preserved in native sagas and other forms of oral tradition, and was gathered together into writing by the late Arii Taimai. Time was. she explains, when (some three centuries or so ago) the heads of two families in Tahiti used the right to gird themselves with the maro ura. or sacred cincture of scarlet loriquets’ feathers, which constituted the insignia of most exalted rank and godliness. They were the chief of Vaiari. a small district adjoining the isthmus on its western border, and the chiefess of Punaauia, situated farther along the same coast’ of Tahiti- Nui.

“The titular designation of the Vaiari chief was Terii-Nui-o-Tahiti: that of the lady was Teua-Nui-e-Marua-i-te-ra'i.

But the overlord of Papara, whose district lies between the two above named, possessed alone the right to wear the maro tea, the nap of which was formed of saffron-coloured feathers- and he was officially styled Terii-rere-i-To'oara i “These august personages were termed arii rahi, or overlords; and, being esteemed to be descended from the gods of the nation, their persons were regarded as sacred, so that subordinate arii and ra’atira (or gentry) stripped themselves to the waist in their presence, in token of respect.

“In the remote past, the arii rahi of Vaiari was, in likewise, Patriarch of the Teva, a large and influential clan occupying the south-western part of Tahiti-Nui and all the lesser peninsula called Taiarapu. It seems to have been the only clan- of its quality and magnitude in the island: its prestige had no parallel, and was rivalled only by that of certain chiefly septs of Ra’iatea (the Olympus of Eastern Polynesia), Moorea, and Atehuru —which last included the Punaauia family.

“The patriarchal dignity passed long ago, however, from Terii-Nui to Terii- Rere, his kinsman of Papara; whether by devolution or by usurption is, I think, a matter of doubt. But - thenceforward the right to convoke the Teva chieftains and their clansmen for moot, raid or defence vested in the last-named chief—the wearer of the maro tea, in the Marae To’oara’i.

“The Teva lands extended over eight districts (a typical number in Polynesia), but the clan comprised two stocks only: The inner division, or Teva-i-uta, who occupied the districts west of the isthmus, as far as the borders of Paea; ana the seaward division, or Teva-i-tai, who dominated the south-eastern, or lesser peninsula.

“The principal chieftain of the Tevai-tai, was the lord of Hui and Taiarapu, two districts united under the name Teahupoo (skull haan) and situated at the southernmost part of the peninsula, now called Taiarapu as a whole.

“The hereditary title or style of this 44 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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In the course of time the dominions of the Vehiatuas were extended to Hatutira (or Tautira, as it is now called) and “Vehiatua’s family became lords in residence of Hatutira, and built their manorial homestead and marae on the breezy and pleasant strip of flat land that juts into the lagoon beside the embouchure of the Vai-te-Tiha, where the Spaniards found them established in 1772-1776.”

Events conspired to add “influence and lustre to the Vehiatuas’ hereditary supremacy over other districts of the lesser peninsula. They did more: for Vehiatuai-Mata’i grew to be not only a powerful ally but a standing menace to the senior stock of his clan, and its overlord, the Patriarch of Papara—who, before this time, had acquired' the sacred, as distinguished from the temporal, character from Terii-Nui-o-Tahiti of Vaiario. This menace became extinguished, later on, by a marriage between Vehiatua, of the next generation but one. and a Papara chieftess, Te-eva Piroi. Prom this marriage issued another Vehiatua; and this last one’s son was the ‘thin old man, with a very white head and beard’ who conversed with Banks and Captain Cook on the 27th of June, 1769.”

A.C.R.

Honeymoon Island

rE traditional Pacific Islands glamour seems to have reached Nauru, if we may judge by the number of newlyweds who recently have arrived, and two island weddings.

Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Barnes were married by the Administrator, and a reception followed in the Recreation Hall of the British Phosphate Commissioners.

The wedding of Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Ferguson took place in a delightful setting—the porch of the house of Mr. and Mrs. W. V. Bott (B.P.C. manager)—and was conducted by Rev. Clifford L. Welch.

The bride’s brother, Mr. J. Reddon, was for a number of years, on Nauru, in the staff of the 8.P.C., and at the moment is stationed at Ocean Island.

These 1940 brides are fortunate in starting their horned in a new settlement built by the B.P.C. on a commanding position at the top of a hill, overlooking the island. The houses are cosy, and equipped with every modern convenience dear to the heart of a newly-wed.

The engagement was announced recently of Mr. Harold L. Nicholls, eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. Warne Nicholls, of “Solovi”, Nadi, Fiji, and Miss Joan May Allmann, elder daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

A. E. Allmann, of Sigatoka.

Mr. S. M. Waddingham arrived in Australia from Suva recently on six months’ leave. He is a clerk in the Treasury Department of the Fiji Civil Service.

Dr. N. Critchlow, of the Medical Department of the Solomon Islands Administration, arrived in Sydney late in June, on furlough.

Mr. and Mrs. George A. Joy, late of British Residency, New Hebrides, have been delayed at Aden on their way to Mukulla, Arabia, where Mr. Joy has been appointed Resident Adviser. At Aden, Mr. and Mrs. Joy will be in contact with the war against Italy,

Rescued Man Returns

THANKS Letter to the Editor IN your May issue, there appeared, unaer the heading of “Blown to Sea”, the story of my adventures, when I was unfortunate enough to be set adrift, last February.

In this account it was stated that I first landed on East Island. This was not so. It was Nassukwab Island. This correction will clear up some conjecture by the people who know these waters, as to how I was able to get to East Island from where I was, and, also, how I was able to get to the Eigum Group, in a single night.

This mistake was no fault of your correspondent. At the time I related my story to him, I was under the impression that it was East Island I had landed on.

If you will publish this letter I will take the opportunity to thank collectively all those wonderful people at Sebulagomwa, Salamo and Dobu, for the marvellous kindness and help that I received at their hands. I also would like to express my appreciation to the Papuan Government who sent a flying-boat, at what must have been a great cost, to search for me; and to those members of the R.A.A.F. who conducted the search.

I also would like to thank all those good people who sent letters of sympathy and showed such great kindness to my parents in what was a very trying time for them.

When one realises, as I do now, what a wealth of real sympathy and kindness there still is in this crazy old world, one can look to the future with an easier mind.

I am, etc., F. W. J. LOW.

Misima, Papua, 16'6/1940. 45 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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Aerodrome Site

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, July 1.

AN interesting case will come before Mr. Justice Gore in the Central Court on July 9, when native landowners will present claims for compensation of land resumed by the Government for Kila Kila aerodrome. It is believed this is the first occasion on which a native land case has come before Papuan courts.

In 1937 the Administration obtained the site of the Kila Kila aerodrome from the native owners on a 10-years’ lease. In 1939, the Lands (Kila Kila Aerodrome) Acquisition Ordinance was passed, authorising the Lieut.-Governor to resume that and other lands, and formal resumption notice was issued last January. The native owners thereupon claimed f5O per acre as compensa . tion for the 89 acres and damages for severance. The Administration has offered f 3 per acre ' ■— ■ Interest was aroused in Wau, T.N.G., recently when Mr. Stan. Johnson arrived there in a Fox Moth aeroplane, which he had purc hased in Adelaide. It was shipped to Port Moresby and re-assembled there and Mr j oh nson flew from Port Moresby to Wau, accompanied by a Mr.

Brooke. Mr. Johnson was formerly a pilot of the Mission plane at Alexishafen, on the north coast of New Guinea. The two men left in the Fox Moth for Lae, and it is reported that they flew on to Madang, where the plane is to be operated in the interest's of a small group of planters.

Insect Stowaways

How Science is Meeting Danger Created by Trans-Pacific Airways TO a growing degree, despite the handicap of war, the Pacific Ocean is being criss-crossed by aeroplane services; and, as the aeroplane services extend, so there increases also the danger of harmful insects being carried from the countries which they infest, to countries which now are free from them.

There recently arrived in Auckland, on his way to New Caledonia, Dr. F. X.

Williams, Associate Entomologist at the experimental station of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters’ Association. Pan-American Airways is about to run regular services between Hawaii and Auckland, via Canton Island and New Caledonia. In order that insect pests may not be transplanted from Auckland, New Caledonia, or Canton Island, to Hawaii, the scientist is going to have a look at the insect life in those places, and ascertain what precautions are necessary.

Pan-American Airways now run a service between Asia and North America, via Hong Kong, the Philippines, Guam, Midway Island, Wake Island, and Hawaii, and it was decided that insect pests from Asia, or the Philippines, should not invade Hawaii, if they could be kept out. The Sugar Planters’

Association established an examination station on Midway Island, and every seaplane coming in from Asia is sprayed and examined there. The entomologist in charge already, within nine months, has collected several thousand specimens of insects. Most were harmless, but there are some which might have proved injurious to Hawaiian crops, or to the health of the Hawaiian people, Mr. Robert Douglas Croudace, 55, wellknown Apia accountant, died in Samoa recently. He arrived in the Territory as a boy and after being educated in Australia took up the accountancy profession, being associated with John Rothschild & Co., the Samoan Public Service, Gold Star Transport Co., Ltd., and G. T.

Jackson. He was elected a member of the Legislative Council in 1920 and served for a number of years. At various times he was president of the Apia Chamber of Commerce and the British Club.

Friendly young men of the Central Pacific. The man on the left is Samoan, and the one on the right is a New Hebridean. Snapshot in Mapuna, Epi, New Hebrides. 46 July 15, 1 940—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Jottings From Rabaul From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, June 12.

SOMEBODY blamed Leap Year; others the war; others the Bachelors’

Ball; whatever the reason, Hymen has had a busy time lately. Last week saw Joe Bartlett and Miss Higgins married; on Monday of this week, Syd. Kensett and Marie Sherry followed suit; previously, over in Madang, Gwen Cunningham and Jack Evans (he of Colyer- Watson Ltd.) had the knot tied by one of the American Lutherans there. So off goes another of Rabaul’s prettiest girls. Her sister, Jean, is to follow suit in a few weeks; but she is travelling South to become Rabaul’s first warbride.

What to Do With Germans As the situation in Europe has grown more intense, so has the local agitation for the general internment of all enemy aliens and their sympathisers grown in intensity. The Rabaul soldiers’ subbranch, ever since its re-organisation, has had that subject as one of its outstanding policies, and the New Guinea State branch supported its representations. Names were submitted of sympathisers; and, in some quarters, anyone appearing friendly toward old German residents is looked upon as suspect.

This is carrying the policy a bit far, for many of the real old-time Germans have nothing whatsoever in common with Nazism, nor have they sympathies in that direction. This is particularly so where it refers to many of the old-time Roman Catholic fathers, and makes one realise the truth of the saying that every Nazi is a German, but every German is not a Nazi.

One of the big dangers in this country is the half-caste element picking up propaganda from German broadcast stations and passing it on to the natives.

One such instance of this cropped up at Kokopo, when a half-caste plantation overseer was caught spreading Nazi propaganda, as well as being away from his residence without permission. It turned out that he was one of the Finschhafen Lutheran Mission products, and made no bones about being a Nazi.

He collected six months on one charge and a month on another. All wireless receiving and transmitting sets have been taken from enemy aliens, and aliens are only allowed to have them in their possession on permit from the police.

Copra Hold-Up Dire depression seized the planting community recently when circulars from one of the Big Firms intimated that unless shipping space was made available no more copra would be bought; also that credits were cut down to the absolute bare necessities. Commercial ruin seemed to stare the country in the face, and the question was: What could be done? The president of the Planters’

Association had died in Melbourne (Bill Grose will be a great loss to the Territory in many ways), the vice-president had left to do his bit with the Navy, and the situation seemed desperate.

Then a whisper came that a ship would be made available, and that future charters would be possible. Meanwhile, the London price had dropped 16/- sterling.

So New Guinea planters are not feeling too bright.

Generous Support of War Funds Despite low copra prices and the bugbear of not having any boats to take away our produce at any moment, New Guinea has done not so badly when called upon. Recently, the Red Cross units in the Territory subscribed £350 in a day for the appeal launched by the Central Council in Melbourne for ambulances for the British Red Cross. When the war loan was floated, it was not long before over £30,000 had been subscribed for that, and nearly £1,500 taken up in war-savings certificates. I hear of one man who strolled into an office the other day and wrote a cheque for £lOO as a free gift to the Commonwealth for war purposes, and several chaps, who happen to be holding a few pounds, have put this in the free-of-interest loan.

Death of Widow of Rarotonga's Makea RAROTONGA, June 16.

THE death occurred on June 14 of Makea Vaine, aged 69, wife of the late Ariki Makea Nui Tinirau. The funeral was attended by all sections of the community. • * q Major Clive Brewster, for many years managing director of Brown and Joske, Ltd., Suva, and more recently head of W. R. Carpenter and Co.. Ltd., Suva, arrived in Sydney in July from Fiji and proceeded to Melbourne for the purpose of joining the R.A.A.F. Major Brewster served in the Great War and since then continuously has been an active member of the Fiji Defence Forces. 47 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

Territory.

Area.

Population.

Exports.

Imports.

Francs Francs Sq. Miles.

Native.

European. per annum. per annum.

FRENCH COLONIES.

In Asia.

Indian Provinces . . 196 292,750 82,720,000 99,700,000 Indo-China 285,000 23,250,000 30,775 1,708,052,000 974,727,000 Syria, Lebanon 57,900 3,630,000 437,300 677,100 In Africa.

Algeria 847,500 7,234.600 987,000 2,533,815,000 3,078,519,000 Morocco 200.000 5,874,000 206,000 1,150,000,000 1,765,800,000 Tunis 48,300 2,395,100 213,205 772,225,000 1,230,894,000 French Congo 979,878 3,418,000 4,700 174,046,000 161.761,000 Madagascar 241,094 3,797,000 30,000 433,298,000 300,149,000 Mayotte Is 790 128,000 400 Reunion Is 970 197,900 194,000 109,099,000 136,955,000 Somaliland 8,492 44,200 1,200 114.682,000 124,142,000 Fr. West Africa . . 1,815,768 14,702,000 24,800 978,431,000 968,112,000 Togoland 21,893 736,000 — 45,000,000 47,000,000 In America.

Guadeloupe 688 267,000 150,000,000 ' — 15?,000,000 Guiana 34.740 31,000 — 45,300,000 26,500,000 Martinique 385 246,700 -—.— 191,143.000 155,632,000 St. Pierre, etc. . . &3 4,000 — 12,673,000 13,683,000 In Oceania.

New Caledonia 8,548 53,245 27,000 54,873,000 59,000,000 Wallis Group .. 40 6,000 — Loyalty Group .. 800 10,100 — New Hebrides . .. 5,700 40,000 950 10,131,000 10,050,000 Tahiti and Fr. Oceania .. 1,520 30,000 5,500 39,000,000 36,750,000 DUTCH COLONIES.

Guilders.

Guilders.

East Indies 735,267 70,000,000 50,000 600,000,000 420,000,000 Guiana 54,000 170,000 — 5,120,000 5,750,000 Curacao 400 91,000 — 202,000,000 197,000,000 BELGIAN COLONY. • f Francs.

Francs.

Congo 902,000 10,046,000 20,000 1,490,500,000 724,000,000 MATURED TO PERFECTION imuiiumnrs WINES SMOOTH out your worries of these trying days with a perfect aperitif and a smoothly restful glass of port, each evening.

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The “Fiji Times’’ reported recently that Mr. Oscar Wright, when fishing off Beqa, captured a black marlin swordfish, weighing 210 lb., and measuring 8 feet 6 inches from the tip of his sword to his tail. The fish was taken on an ordinary trolling line, and it had to be played for an hour—a remarkably good performance, in the circumstances.

France’S Collapse Destroys The

World’S Balance Of Power

Probable Disintegration of French Empire :: U.S.A. and Japanese Moves and Pacific Status Quo THE world’s second largest Empire —that of France—may fall to pieces before our eyes. Landless Powers, armed and hungry and waiting, are planning already to carve up French territories and colonies, in the manner often predicted in this journal during the past ten years.

France’s defences failed; the wolves are at her throat.

We in the Pacific are closely affected by the fate of France’s colonies in Asia and Oceania. mHE world does not realise, yet, the X vast dislocation of international relationships, and of “balance”, caused by the collapse of France. Here are some of its effects: — 1. Because the French armies in North Africa and Syria, and the French Mediterranean Fleet, can no longer be depended upon, and Britain is too far away, the Balkans nations find themselves unprotected, and jammed between the rival ambitions of the Dictators— Germany and Italy, on the one hand, 48 July 15. 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY If any difficulty, write direct to: THE TILLEY LAMP CO. (Dept. P.M.), HENDON, LONDON, N.W.4. and Russia, on the other. Hence, the “non - belligerency” of Turkey, and the growing confusion, as between Roumania, Hungary, Jugo - Slavia, Bulgaria and Greece. 2. There is doubt whether Britain, lacking French help, can defend Egypt, Palestine and the Soudan against a large-scale German-Italian attack, and there is uneasiness, in consequence, in those countries. 3. Since there is uncertainty and confusion regarding the future of Indo- China (the ability of the French Puppet Government at Bordeaux to protect and administer that great Territory being doubted), Japan deemed the time opportune to announce, on June 29, a “Monroe Doctrine” over South-East Asia, and territories in the seas to the south thereof. This, obviously, was directed towards Britain and the United States, it being assumed that Indo- China is immediately affected by Britain’s determination that, sooner than French Colonies shall fall under enemy influence (through the Bordeaux puppets), Britain herself will take control of them. On the face of it, Netherlands Indies are not so immediately affected by the Japanese declaration, as they still are under independent Dutch administration; but that administration is directed by the Dutch Government in England, and Japan apparently fears British control, and is presumed to be anxious to bring the East Indies under her new policy. Therefore, United States is vitally interested, in view of the American declaration of April 18, forthright and clear, that any alteration in the status quo in the Pacific would be “prejudicial to the cause of stability, peace and security ... in the entire Pacific area ... a doctrine for which the United States unequivocally stands.”

Also, U.S.A. is interested because Japan’s new Far East-South Seas policy must affect the Philippines—if not now, then very soon. 4. The future of the South Pacific territories of New Caledonia, New Hebrides and French Oceania (Tahiti, etc.) clearly is affected. Their value is not great, compared with other French colonies: but their disposition is of great importance to the British-Pacific communities. They come definitely within the Anglo-American sphere of influence.

With the single exception of the East Indies, no island or territory in the Pacific, south of the equator, has been in the possession of any nation other than Britain, France and the United States, since 1914. It is not supposed that Japan wishes to challenge that arrangement— her references to “South Seas” are to the seas southward of Japan—the Northwest Pacific. 5. Finally, the defection of France leaves Great Britain completely isolated.

Always, for 200 years, our diplomats strove for a “balance of power”. Whenever other nations grew strong and threatened us, we made alliances to meet the situation. When the Germanic Confederation menaced us, we developed, with France, the Entente Cordiale. In 1914, against the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria and Italy) we were arrayed with France, Russia and Japan —and Italy liked the prospect so little that she deserted Germany and joined us. But, now, the situation is changed, indeed. Italy is with Germany and Austria, France is crushed, Russia is incalculable, Japan is no longer our ally, Diagram, showing location of French Colonies in or adjoining the Pacific. 49 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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THE surrender of the French came to the British people as a terrible shock. We could not blame them for falling back, under the frightful blows of the German mechanical Colossus; but we did expect them to fight on, in Southern France, or in French Northern Africa.

We know, now, that the French armies and the French people were not defeated, and did not surrender, but that they were betrayed by their national leaders. Official France was rotten at the core. Paris, for 15 years, had reeked of political and commercial corruption.

Any Paris newspaper, and most politicians, could be bought.

We had known that for many years; but what we did not know was that the rot had extended into the nation’s defence system. The greatest crime of the feeble, futile, fumbling old leaders was their cold-blooded and cynical desertion of Great Britain, in circumstances which placed our Empire at a terrible disadvantage. Nevertheless, our sympathies go out to all the Frenchmen we have known, high-spirited fighters and gallant gentlemen, to whom the Bordeaux Submission must appear a thing of overwhelming shame. It is a terrible thing to see such men under the heel of Hitlers and Mussolinis.

Little of the French Empire may survive. We may as well face facts. Britain will fight on, until her aims are achieved; but the restoration of the France which so cruelly deserted her probably would . demand an effort that cannot be expected and could not be justified.

LOOK at the list of French colonies, etc., at the head of this article.

Consider the machinery necessary to permit the administration of those colonies by the so-called Government of France, from Bordeaux.

France, now, is disarmed and occupied by Germans and Italians. The French masses, and most of the middle classes, we may be certain, are seething with resentment against their betrayers —against the Ministers now functioning at Bordeaux. The Bordeaux Government can carry on only while it is protected by Germany and Italy, and while the French masses are kept in subjection by enemy soldiery. France, to an increasing degree, will be policed by the enemy.

Is it conceivable that, in such circumstances, Great Britain, mistress of the seas, will allow Hitler’s puppet Government, at Bordeaux, to administer colonies all over the world, which in many cases adjoin British colonies?

It seems more likely that Britain, where practicable, vjyll take the Territories under her own protection, to be administered for the duration of the war by the French National Committee established in London. That arrangement would be similar to what has happened in the case of the Dutch, Belgian and Danish colonies.

When Holland and Belgium were over-run, the Dutch and Belgian Governments moved to Britain; and, from there, the Dutch officially administered the Dutch territories (previously, when Holland was threatened, they had removed huge gold reserves from The Hague to New York), and the Belgian officials took charge ot Belgian Congo.

Denmark had surrendered; and Britain thereupon took over her only colony, Iceland, to be held for her until the end of the war.

France, now, is in the same position as Denmark; and Britain, therefore, may be expected to take certain of France’s colonies under her protection, in the same way—subject, however, to the United States “Monroe Doctrine” in the Western Hemisphere (affecting all French colonies in the Americas) and perhaps subject also to Japan’s “Monroe Doctrine of the Far East”.

LATER: It is now July 4. Since the above was written, the position, in relation to France, has become worse.

Traitors and Fascists are in control of the Bordeaux Government, and are reacting to the Nazis’ whispered urge, that Britain should not be permitted to “interfere” with the administration of the French colonies. The French people are being held in subjection by German police and German propaganda, France is being “Nazified”, Spain is being lined up with the Nazi-Fascist bloc; and it is not impossible that, very soon, Britain will be officially at war with her late ally, France, as well as with Spain.

That is part of the Dictators’ plan to invade and control Northern Africa, via Morocco. 50 July 15, 1940—Pacific Islands Monthly

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A Trader'S Tale

Lamps, Candlenuts, and the Oracle

By “Tukapa Koko”

BEFORE the Islands became so civilised that copra fell to one-third-of-apenny per pound, the humble huts of the darker brethren were illuminated by candle-nuts, after the sun set and the taro-weeder homeward plodded his weary way.

There were great advantages in the use of the “tui-tui” as an illuminant. It was cheap—in fact, it was free; there were no mantles to buy, no generators (surely an invention of the devil!) to replace, no pumps to re-valve, to re-washer. One applied a match to the string of nuts threaded on a “kikau”-spike, and there one was.

How different to-day! If one has not a petrol-lamp operated by pressure, or that weird compound of the dear old Miller-type lamp with a wick, and the mantle of the gas school of thought—if one has not this, one is actually dead.

It was vastly different in the days when Plancus was consul.

That was the in-between stage, when the deficiencies of the candlenut were tolerantly recognised, and on such occasions as visitors called, the Lamp of Ceremony was lit, without any insult to the nut of economy.

They were in many houses then, those hanging lamps; and they weren’t cheap to buy! Ornamented with lustrous crystal prisms, they were beautiful un-lit; but, performing their biological function of a guest-night—generally Saturdays— they made a reed-and-thatch shack into a Fairyland, with the golden glow from their circular wicks reflected by facets of crystal that dazzled the eye.

But they were tigers for kerosene!

The stores used to stock these hanging lamps at £5 or more a time. They were mostly imported from the land of the wooden nutmeg; but one or two of them, made of china wondrously be-flowered, came from the country that has given Adolf Hitler to a wondering world, and there was about them a subtle something, a Teutonic nordicism, that made them different.

In the case of the German lamps, there was a drawback; careless handling of the illuminative portion, belike a knock with the bottle from which it was filled, meant disaster. The “ue”, as the natives term the floral font that held the kerosene, would crack, the fuel flow dismally away. A vainglorious, becrystalled hanging frame, ornamental but useless, was all that was left.

The knowledgeable Yankees must have known of this, for their product had a brass font, and the be-flowered ‘‘ue” was external to it, a mere camouflage as far as the act of filling was concerned. The first cost was the only outlay, not counting occasional wicks.

We in Mangaia had —and have—one of these last. It is a goodly thing, even now, and the apple of Teremoana’s eye, in spite of the passing of time and the coming of Tilley-Lamps, Primus-Lamps, Coleman-Lamps, and all the rest of the modern equipment. And our old veteran is more than a lamp—it is an Oracle!

By some strange coincidence, the glass of this lamp always casts the shadow of future happenings, by breaking, even if not lit, without warning or cause, when any important event is on the eve of occurring. It came into our possession eleven years ago, being then over thirty years old. And it has prophesied for us the death of chiefs and native kings, the passing of Commissioners—and their return, after the new incumbent was found to be a dud —the sinking of ships (e.g., the “Tahiti”—we lost goods to the value of £6 in her abandoned parcelmail) and, latterly, the present war.

The bill for glass chimneys, at 2/6 each, has been no small item of our household expenditure; but, on the other hand, the fore-knowledge that is fore-arming is worth that sum.

We are waiting nojv for the glass to crack for the passing of Abominable Adolf, and the end of the war. That will be a half-crown’s worth that I won’t begrudge !

Mr. B. McArdel, formerly a member of the “Papuan Courier” staff in Port Moresby has enlisted with the A.I.F. 52 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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From Our Own Correspondent SUVAy June 1.

IT is a familiar sight, these days, to see a small army of natives armed with cane knives cutting down the luxuriant growth on unmade footpaths. This work could be carried out more expeditiously—and much more cheaply!—if the Town Board would purchase a horsedrawn mower. Once a section has been cleared of stumps and guava, etc., an hour’s run with the mower regularly would keep the growth in check.

Growth of Tonga's Banano Trade From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, June 10.

IN Tonga’s, trade figures for 1939, just issued by the Government, both imports and exports show a downward trend compared with 1938: 1938 1939 Imports . . . . £83,026 £79,696 Exports . . . . £86,196 £79,820 An important feature of the report is the healthy expansion of the Kingdom’s banana industry—an increase of from 10,825 cases (£3,507) in 1938 to 31,025 cases (£12,085) in 1939. The value is the highest since the inauguration of the system in 1931, and the production has been exceeded only once previously, in 1932, when 47,659 cases were exported.

Copra exports, as a result of world conditions and a falling off in demand, declined from 12,428 tons (£79,799) in 1938 to 10,500 tons (£64,544). Threequarters of the copra shipped went to Europe and the balance to Mexico. The only other export of note was pineapples—B76 cases (worth £252) against 517 (£124) in 1938.

Australia continued to dominate the import market —she supplied £20,352 worth of goods; then followed New Zealand (£16,731). Britain (£13,761), U.S.A. (£8,492). India (£6,224), and Japan (£4,405). A few years ago Japanese imports were increasing alarmingly—they were worth £20,009 in 1937 —but the position has now vastly changed.

Mrs. T. Miller recently returned to Port Moresby, Papua, from Australia, completely recovered in health, and later went on to her plantation home at Paili.

Dr. S. Warren Carey, geologist of the Australasian Petroleum Co., Ltd., recently returned to Papua from Australia, accompanied by his bride.

Miss Waring (left) and Miss Sabben, of Suva— enthusiastic young members of the nursing auxiliary of St. John’s Ambulance, Fiji, now co-operating in the Empire war effort. 53 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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When D.O. Bell Was

KILLED Tragedy of 1927 Re-Told in Book Thirteen years ago, in October, 1927, Mr. W. R. Bell, a district officer in the Solomons, his assistant, Mr. Lillies, and 13 native police were massacred in the Solomons. The incident, now, is almost forgotten. Jack McLaren, an Australian author, rc-tells it in a book recently published in London, “Gentlemen of Empire”: TAKE the case of District Officer W.

R. Bell, on the island of Malaita, in the Solomons. He was there with his assistant, Mr. K. C. Lillies, a clerk named Marcus, and 12 native policemen. Often he was alone except for his native police. He was attacked by fever, yaws and other illnesses, for the island was notoriously unhealthy.

One of his jobs was to collect unauthorised firearms from the natives.

Another was to collect the native poll tax.

These things were anathema to Basiana, a big chief and “devil man”, who plotted to overthrow the white government’s authority. He sacrificed pigs over a long period to discover when the omens pointed to the right time for a revolt. And then the time came.

Basiana and his people were told to meet Bell at the tax hut to pay in their money and surrender any rifles in their possession. Basiana collected his people together and told them that the hour had struck. He worked them up to a pitch of excitement so that they cried: “We are men of Malaita, warriors and takers of heads. Destroy the white man!”

Next day they appeared at the tax hut. Bell sat in the front of it with his assistants. To minimise any display of force, his native police had been told to stay inside the hut.

Slowly the warriors filed past, putting down their weapons and paying their taxes. Then came Basiana. He, too, put down his Snider rifle, paid his tax and slipped back into the crowd of 250 Malaitans.

Suddenly the crowd parted. Basiana, holding his reclaimed rifle bv the barrel, leapt through and brought the heavy stock down on District Officer Bell’s head, killing him instantly.

Lillies and Marcus were treated in the same way. The police, trapped in the hut, were slaughtered.

Some time later an Australian warship was sent to Malaita and an armed party was landed. Basiana’s men were rounded up and brought to trial. Six of them, including Basiana, were executed, and many of the rest were given long terms of imprisonment.

Anthropologist Arrested in England JT was reported from London in July that Captain George Henry Lane Fox Pitt-Rivers, who was private secretary and A.D.C. to the late Lord Forster, Governor-General of Australia, in 1920- 24, had been “detained” under the Defence Regulations.

Captain Pitt-Rivers was known in New Guinea, particularly in the Bismarck Archipelago, where he did field work in anthropology in 1921. He was president of the Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science in 1923, and secretary and treasurer of the International Union for the Scientific Investigation of Population Problems in 1931.

He is now 50 years old. In 1915, he married a daughter of Lord Forster, and she obtained a divorce in 1929. She said that her husband had encouraged immoral ideas, particularly polygamy. “My husband repudiated the Church and the marriage ceremony entirely”, she said.

“He had curious ideas regarding a chaste life”.

Disciple Of Melanesia

Captain Pitt-Rivers hinted at his marriage views in a lecture given after his return to England from Australia. “Take a hint from the Melanesian marriage system”, he said. “Our present marriage might be modified by a form of concubinage. Who knows?” He said that in Melanesia, unmarried girls were free to receive lovers. This served as an apprenticeship for marriage.

On June 13 a fire in a factory owned by Desikoko, Ltd., in Alexandria, Sydney, destroyed about 450 tons of copra. Desikoko, Ltd., is a subsidiary of W. R. Carpenter and Co., Ltd. 54 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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The Reign Of The

COMBINES New Social-Service Order May Help Copra Industry SINCERE sympathy will be extended to coconut planters who have been so badly hit by the war that they find it difficult to keep going.

Before the war, they were crippled by the clandestine machinations of Big Business combines which, acknowledging no government control, constituted a real obstacle to the prosperity of European and native in the South Seas. With dismay and utter helplessness, they watched the profits which belonged to them disappear into the capacious maws of Big Business. They realised that the close of the war might bring normal trade again, but it offered no respite from the operations of the unscrupulous combine.

Like the gleam of a planet in a dark night, there now has appeared a ray of hope and confidence, voiced in a broadcast message by Professor W. K. Hancock, of Birmingham. He stated that the war had brought into play new factors which were destined to remodel society and restore equilibrium in the industrial and social order. In the new world, the injustice countenanced and perpetuated by Big Business would no longer be tolerated.

“Mr. Chamberlain’s resignation,” he said, “was symbolic, and marked the end of the Age of the Business Man.”

With confident emphasis, Professor Hancock asserted that mankind was at the dawn of a new epoch, when big business would be the servant of the state and not dominate its politics. Mr.

Chamberlain had to slip down, because he was regarded as a business man, with whom the new forces directing Britain and its war effort could not co-operate.

Wedded to the past, he refused to plan for the future; but his successors would spp the old order pass into the new, using the old as an instrument.

With a daring illustration from the German techniaue. Professor Hancock said that the Nazis started by burning down the Reichstag, and post-war reconstruction will open operations by Puttmg an end to the hoarv institutions which challenge social justice.

Among the anachronisms doomed for destruction will be, in all likelihood such organisations as Ltd. Changing times demand changing conditions, pnd there is now every indication that, Pftpv tu e war. the business man will not dominate politics as he has done for the lOO vears. The new age is embarking on an era of a social-service state in which big business undertakings will V,p brought more under social _ control.

The hip- business man will not disappear, hnt he will assume a new role in society.

In his interesting Professor Hancock opened up a new vista for a distracted world. Of course everything abends upon the issue of the war.

Should the Oght go against the Ames, evervthing will be lost; but, in spite of disappointments, defeats and disasters, Hancock was confident of victory. With the establishment of the reign of freedom and social Inlands planters mav hope to be rehabil fated in remunerative, tranquil conditions. without the overshadowing menace of the Combines. —M.F. 56 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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The Peace Of

TAHITI Is It Legendary ?

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 10.

IN an essay published in the March number of the “Bulletin de la Societe des Etudes Oceaniennes” the author (a very old resident of Papeete) quotes from Mr. Cecil Lewis’ book, “The Trumpet is Mine”, the following sentence: “Taken all around Papeete maintains Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite, more completely and simply as a practical way of life, than any other town I was ever in”.

The writer in the “Bulletin” adds this comment:—“However flattering for our chief settlement Mr. Lewis’ judgment on Papeete may be, it is somewhat difficult for those who have lived there a long time to entirely subscribe to it.”

Venerable survivors from an age-long past tell us of a time when the life of Papeete was that of a harmonious, happy family. It may have been so; but, with the essayist, we are inclined to regard the story as somewhat legendary.

Papeete, in our time, has been the scene of many a teapot tempest when the kettle spout erupted vast clouds of steam with all the fury of Vesuvius, and the lid chattered alarmingly. But, usually, the storm abates, the maoae (the trade wind) blows away the clouds and the sun of peace and tranquility shines in a sapphire sky. It may have been during one of these periods of sweetness and light that Mr, Lewis sojourned at Papeete.

Old Rites Revived

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, June 1.

TO those of us who believed that certain customs of long ago had gone forever it came as a pleasant surprise recently to learn that both the Maraienga and Tupapa villages had decided to construct four new village drums.

The baptism of the drums was carried out with all the ancient rites, and the sound of old Maori chants, and the appearance of troupes of native dancing girls, showed that the Cook Islanders still retain pride in their old ways.

Mr. Walter Kienzle, of Yodda, Papua, is at present in Australia where he has enlisted with the A.I.F.

Mr. T. L. McAdam has resumed duties as Chief Collector of Customs at Rabaul, New Guinea, after spending extended leave in Western Australia.

Mr. R. D, Gauld arrived in Thursday Island recently to take up a position with the Customs Department. He was accompanied by his wife and daughter.

Because of its importance in .relation to future Pacific air services, the Phoenix Group, in Central Pacific, was recently acquired from Burns. Philp & Co., Ltd., by the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony Government, and G. and E. natives with their belongings were sent to colonise the islands. Photo shows a strapping young native of Tarawa, complete with pet pig, just before going aboard the M.Y. “Moamoa”, bound for his new Phoenix home. —Photo: C. F. Jackson. 57 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

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N.G. GOLDFIELD PIONEERS Claim That Preston, and Not Darling, First on Koranga The following are extracts from a letter to the editor from Mr. Edward Auerbach, an old miner and prospector, now living in the Trobriand Islands. Mr.

Auerbach supplies much valuable information about the pioneers of the New Guinea, goldfield; and it will be noted that he says that the first man on Koranga Creek was Preston, and not Darling—thus apparently correcting various books and articles published, in relation to the subject.

I FIRST met “Shark-Eye” Park in 1901, on the Kumusi Beach, Northeast Papua. He was going to the Yodda. He travelled up in my launch, from the beach to Bogi (60 miles up the Kumusi River).

I notice that you call him “Park”. I always knew him to be addressed as “Parks”, not “Park”. I was with him for about eight months, and always called him Parks. The first time I knew that his real name was Park was when I saw his death notice in the “Sydney Morning Herald”.

The name of the yacht of the German Administrator of Madang was “Delphin”; in English, “Dolphin”.

I have written to the Collector of Customs, to try and find out the date we left for the Markham River (New Guinea), and he is looking it up for me.

I think it was in September, 1912. I know that, en route to the Markham, we landed in at Rabaul two days after the Melbourne Cup, as both Matt Crowe and I had backed Duke Foote. When we landed we met Walter Lucas (B.P. & Co. Islands manager in Sydney) and Whiteman. Matt asked them what had won the Cup. They said, Piastre.

I will look up the dates and give you details .of the Green massacre, at Lamata Police Camp. I will only write to you of what I know. The Green massacre occurred a year before I arrived at Lamata in 1897, but I met most of the miners who were on the McLachlan Creek at the time, also Mick McLachlan, and I helped to bury Billy Simpson.

From then on, this is what occurred in my own time: 1. —Finding of Gira and Ikora goldfields. 2. —Gebara gold find. 3. —The Yodda find. 4. —The Cloudy Bay find. 5. at the head of Musa River, and the Waria field.

The McLachlan Creek was the first payable goldfield found on the mainland. There is only one of the prospectors’ names I do not know—he was one of the men on the Gebara field; and I knew him as Jacobs. My brother George was mate with him for six months, and he only knew him as Jacob. Perhaps Jack Grey knew his name—Jack was one of the prospectors of Gebara.

“Shark-Eye” Park and I left Rocke Island for the Markham, via Morobe, in 1912. We prospected around the Markham and Ramu districts, and then went up the right hand branch of the Markham (I believe it is now called the Watut). We found Billy Dankother’s grave on the bank of the river. This is where J. Preston made his 14 days’ trip, when he came out with 600 ounces of gold.

When we got up into the mountains, we did not meet any local natives, so

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tard we could not find out the names of the places.

Two days after leaving the mission station on the Markham we had all the lighting we wanted, two or three times a day. They used to like daylight and dawn to do their fighting. Those natives were game. If trained, they would make splendid soldiers.

With reference to the article on Park’s death, in the March “P.I.M.”:— Matt Crowe and “Shark-Eye” Park were never with Arthur Darling in German New Guinea. The only time Darling was up there was in 1908. Arthur and his Orakivas went about 40 miles up the Markham. The natives tackled him and left him on the bank of the river, apparently dead. He was soeared, and badly knocked about. He recovered, and got down the river, and was in a bad way when Les Joubert picked him up in his launch. “Buna” Darling died about 1912, on one of the B.P. steamers, off Cairns, on his way over to Australia. The names have been mixed up in the article: instead of A. Darling it should be J. Preston. It was J. Preston and not Darling who got his gold in Koranga Creek, and Preston was the first white man there.

Tribute to Tahitian Lady Death of Mrs. A. C. Rowland From a Special Correspondent A LARGE section of the people of Papeete (Tahiti) assembled on April 3, when lovable Teriitauatea Temeriraurii Adams (Mrs. A. C. Rowland), grand-daughter of Puhiava, Chief of Opoa, Raiatea (Leeward Islands), was buried. Mrs. Rowland’s mother was descended from the hereditary chiefs of Tumaraa, in Raiatea.

A few words were said over Mrs. Rowland’s grave, on behalf of the Tahitian population, present in large numbers.

The short speech was as follows: — “Lovable Tauatea! We cannot lay your body in this grave without saying ‘good-bye’, and how much we miss you.

Our hearts want to speak—to say, again, how much you were loved, and why you were loved. You were good, and kind, and always helped the needy.

“Who in Oceania did not know and love you? You were one of our chief supports—you were always kind to others. Never the poor or the sorrowful went to you for aid and sympathy, 'in vain.

“The old people were your friends; the young and the children were as your own; and now you are gone, all young and old, the healthy, the sick, and the solitary, mourn your death, because they all miss you. We no longer will see you, no longer meet you, no longer talk to you.”

Then, turning to the bereaved husband, the speaker added; “You have been a model husband, worthy of such a mate. In all deeds of charity you were together. In this great sorrow, the only consolation wo can offer you is that we weep with you. We can see what your life will be, bereft of such a companion, and to you, facing that lonely future, we wish to say that our memorial to your deceased wife will be a greater kmdness to all, and an even more sympathetic feeling toward you.”

Mrs. M. Hunt, wife of Mr. E. Hunt of the Registrar General’s Department, Fiji died on June 14, aged 59.

That Problem Of Copra

STORAGE THE following “Notes on Copra” are from the March issue of the “New Guinea Agricultural Gazette”: — Copra dried to 6 to 7 per cent., if stored in a well-ventilated dry store at an even temperature, will not seriously deteriorate. It is apparent that there is little to gain by drying copra much below 6 per cent, moisture content, although in the past much more stringent recommendations have been made. —The Tropical Agriculturist, 1937.

As usually shipped in the East, copra is attacked in transit by moulds and insects, resulting in serious losses and deterioration. Experiment had shown that it can be dried to such an extent that moulds and insects do not touch it, and that the resultant short weight is amply compensated by the absence of loss. This is not yet fully appreciated, but undoubtedly will be in time. —United Empire, August, 1938. 59 Pacific Islands Monthl y-J uly 15, 1940

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New Uses For Coconuts

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 15.

WITH copra at such a low price, many planters are wracking their brains for an alternative industry.

Why look further than the coconut itself. Could not the fibre be converted into clothing or even sacking? The lowly shell, instead of being burnt, might be broken into small pieces and incorporated in a material like fibrolite sheets.

These could be run through sanding machines when hard, and finally burnished with a cloth wheel. The resultant wall board would have the beauty of an oak and could be used in practically any type of building.

On June 19, the Port Moresby Aquatic Club entertained over forty members at the annual dinner. Mrs. J. H. Ahern, wife of the president and Commodore, presented trophies won during the season. The Club Championship was won by Mr. D. Chalmers, who also took the president’s trophies for the season’s point score. The second Championship went to Mr. J. Lukin, and third to Mr. D.

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EACH month a Fashions design is published, patterns of which may be purchased by readers direct from this office, post free. Print your name and address below, giving the number of the pattern and bust size, and send to “Pattern Department”, Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R., G.P.0., Sydney; enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or lt will be sent by return mail.

Name Address Pattern Number Size The engagement is announced of Mr, E. W. Pearce, of the Methodist Mission, New Britain, to Miss E, E. Brabin, B.A.

F 3182. —This simple tailored frock should interest those coming South on furlough this winter. Designed for spectator sports, the long slender lines have a definite slimming effect — the gored skirt enhancing the pencil silhouette, so fashionable just now. Tight-fitting wrist length sleeves give that trim look and add to the neat appearance of a style which will not date —essential these days when strict economy must be practised. Material required for 34 in. bust is 3⅝ yds. of 36 in. wide cloth or 2⅜ yds. of 54 in. Pattern, obtainable in bust measurements from 32 in. to 40 in., is available at 1/1, post free. 60 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

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An Islands Girl

IN LONDON Driving an Ambulance and Awaiting the "Blitzkrieg" {Copied from a letter written by a Fiji girl to her mother ) DURING the day, London doesn’t se°m much different from peace-time, in spite of gas masks and signs pointing to the nearest air-raid shelter. It is only when the black-out starts that you are fully aware of the war—especially, if you have just run into a lamp post.

You can’t imagine how dark it is in the streets. All you can see are the red pin-points of light marking the islands, or tiny red crosses showing from traffic lights or the rear of vehicles. Otherwise it is as black as the inside of a cow. It takes hours to get anywhere; and when, at last, a bus looms out of the deep cavern of the street, you have to ask the conductor for his number —which is usually not the one you want.

With all the various crises, life, has become rather exciting. Trenches are dug in all the parks, commons and even those lovely little squares tucked away in odd corners of the city. Anti-aircraft guns are narked all over the town, important buildings are smothered in sandbags, gas-masks issued, and searchlights stabbing the night.

As everybody seemed to volunteer for this or that. I also trundled off one day with the idea of getting something to drive. Which was easier said than done.

First, I looked in at the Women’s Legion, but was so overawed by the spectacle that I made a quick fade-out.

Vast numbers of most efficient-looking women were dashing about, clicking their heels and saluting each other after nearly every second word. And the uniforms—quite the most unbecoming attire the female form could ever get into.

Skirts with the flare in the wrong places, tunics ending painfully right over one’s greatest circumference, and a cap— words fail me! All in the most depressing shade of khaki and. to put the lid on, you had to pay for it yourself.

Then volunteers were asked for the Women’s Auxiliarv Air Force. I rushed along—to fly is the dream of my life— but the office was already closed. They simply couldn’t cope with all the women wanting to join—not enough machines for the training. Wasn’t it a pity—they had the most snappy uniforms.

SO I tried the Mechanical Transport of the Women’s Legion. This was located in the War Office and. after being asked about 20 times whether I was a British subject. I mutely held up my open passport to further inquirers.

One wanted to know whether I spoke foreign languages and, after admitting a slight acouaintance with French and German I was hauled through offices, passages and staircases until at last somebody—a rather nice man—handed me a form to fill in and sign on the dotted line. Now, dotted lines always rouse my suspicion and, although by that time I felt like a complete black-out. I asked feebly, “Do I get then something to drive?”

“Most certainly not,” said the nice man. “You will be drafted to the censor’s office, translating letters, etc.”

So back I went to the War Office, filled with grim determination to get a lorry, ambulance or fire-engine, if it was the last thing I ever did. After seeing another half-dozen captains and majors, I was finally sent to the Women’s Legion, in Baker Street, and from them to their headquarters in Londonderry House, where at last the right form v/as filled in and signed.

But, if you think that now I had got something to drive, just think again. The next item was an English driving license, though I held one from Fiji. Quite too humiliating, pounding about London in an old Morris with a large red L, when I had driven for years on the plantation, over the home-made switchback of a road where, after a few inches of rain had fallen since you left the homestead, half-an-hour ago, you wonder when, where and how you will land at the bottom of the hill, with bus and copra on top of you.

I drove beautifully for my first test, but failed, because I did not stop for a boy on a bicycle to pass by. Consequently, I was so nervous, for the second, that I made an utter mess of my reversing into a side street. First, I climbed up the kerb, nearly dislocating a lamp post, and next, because you aren’t supposed to touch it at all, finished, up four feet away from the kerb. 61 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 'l5. 1940

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Yet, this time, they passed me—l still wonder why, SOON, I was dashing all over London on mock air-raids, day or night, with or without gas-masks and protective clothing, depending on whether it’s a high explosive, persistent or nonpersistent gas bomb, picking up “bodies” and whisking them off to the hospital or nearest first-aid post, depending on the severity of their “injuries”.

These ambulances are great fun to drive. You have to double de-clutch up and down, as they have crash gear boxes.

The uniforms, supplied by the London County Council, are not too bad. I just tilt the tin hat at the latest angle and try to forget the black woollen stockings.

The protective clothing, all oilskins and gum boots, are hideous to look at, but very good. My gum boots'" were size 7, the smallest the L.C.C. had in stock. As I take a 4£, during the first alarm I had to remain firmly rooted to the spot, as they dropped off at every step I tried to take. Not only that, but one hoof covered all three pedals in the bus!

Then, overnight, the play became deadly earnest. We assembled at our station, complete with emergency rations for 24 hours. Everything went without a hitch. Everybody was calm, got into protective clothing and stood by for instructions. All the A.R.P. stations receive the alarm as soon as enemy machines are sighted; but, unless it is absolutely necessary, the public are not warned now-a-days. When the sirens wailed the first few times, people hurled themselves down into trenches and shelters, and it took hours after the allclear signal before they got sorted out again.

SINCE then, the, weeks have slipped past, and nothing has happened.

Life consist of 8 hours on and 8 hours off duty, and the strain of being always on tip-toes waiting for signals makes you sleep right through your time off. We have gone out on so many fake raids that we’re positively bored with it, and there seem to be no more ailments we can bandage our “casualties” for. We know every nook and corner of our district and the next, drive about at night with the merest show of a glimmer of light from the headlamps, through autumn fogs, thick and impenetrable snow and frozen sleet, when the old bus skids about so as to make your tin hat stand on end.

The other morning, an alarm called me to the station in the early dawn. It was quite uncanny to see an odd bus or private car pulled up at the side, the streets empty, no lights or people anywhere. Everything deadly quiet in the half-light of the dawn, almost sinister, like a dead city.

Yet, at night, behind the black-out, life is gayer than ever, night clubs do a roaring trade, and people drop in to see each other more than they used to do.

I think it is due to the fact that they want company at any price.

Personally, I am getting rather tired of this darned war. If it would only start, or finish, or do something—but this state of waiting is really too tedious. However, I suppose, one must always remain on the alert, just in case the “Blitzkrieg” should take place.

Quotations For Mining Shares 62 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

Four weeks ended Mar. 20. Ap. 17. May 15. June 12.

Ore, tons 3,119 3,209 3,198 3,118 Gold, fine oz. 598 656 633 599 Value. £ A .. 5,980 6,560 6,330 5,990 Four weeks ended Mar. Apl. May June 20. 17. 15. 12.

Tons treated . . . . 2,545 2,260 2.506 2,540 Gold, oz., fine . . 3,880 3,008 3,659 3.416 Residue, dwt 0.91 2.2 1.15 1.2 Mar. Apl. May June 20. 17. 15. 12* Ore treated, tons .. 12.100 11,971 12,500 11,792 Head value, dwt. . . 7.03 6.76 6.72 6.7 Gold, oz„ fine .... 3,798 3.663 3.696 3.704 Residues, dwt 0.64 0.59 0.65 0.85 •Concentrates stacked for further treatment estimated to contain 44 oz. fine gold; 41.8 tons flotation concentrates stacked estimated to contain 572 oz. fine.

March. April. May.

Cubic yards . . . . 1,505,000 1,487,000 1,567,000 Bullion, oz 23,802 24,083 25,516 Gold, fine, oz. . , 16,423 16,617 17,606 Estimated working profit for May, 8,664 oz. of Mar.

Apl.

May.

Edie Creek mill— Ore, tons 2,870 3,089 3,350 Gold, oz.. fine . . . . 744 773 820 Silver, oz., fine . . . . 3,573 3,796 4,405 Golden Ridges mill— Tons treated 2,688 2,666 2,764 Gold, oz., fine . . . 1,380 1,403 1,119 Silver, oz., fine . .. 1,586 1,489 1,224 Alluvial—• Gold, oz., fine .. . . 1,593 1,586 1,467 Silver, oz., fine . . . 1,134 1,113 1,047 Operating profit— Edie Creek, £ 212 261 703 Golden Ridges, £ .. 4,810 4,788 2,273 Alluvial, £ 7,317 5,733 6,302 Mar.

Apl.

May.

June.

Cubic yards .. 20,095 17,313 16,764 15,433 Gold, oz 361 572 360 218 Per cubic yard 2/ioy 2 5/3 y 2 3/5 y 4 2/3 Working cost . /II 1/2 Va /11% — (Australian Official Quotations) Fine Standard oz. oz.

October 2, 1939 .. .. £10/11/ £9/13/5 November 6 £10/11/ £9/13/5 December 4 £10/12/6 £9/14/9% January 1, 1940 .. .. £10/12/6 £9/14/9V 2 February 5 £10/12/9 £9/15/0y 4 March 4 to June 17 .. £10/13/3 £9/15/5% June 24 £10/12/9 £9/15/0y 4 July 1 £10/12/9 £9/15/0V4 July 8 £10/11/- £9/13/5 April. May. June.

Mill treated, tons .. .. 2,808 3,252 3,192 Bullion, oz 2,788 3,326 3,250 Gold, fine, oz 634 794 701 Silver, fine, oz 2,067 2,445 2,479 Estimated value £5,198 £6,500 £5,765 Value per ton of ore 37/ 40/ 37/2 Ideal Sor the Islands M ASONITE is a manufactured board, the ideal building material, particularly where highly skilled labour is not available. Made in sheets up to 12 feet by 4 feet, it enables large areas to be covered quickly and easily. Does not warp, chip or splinter. Ideal for walls, floors, furniture, shelves, cupboards, counter-tops, tables, partitions—for attractively panelled interiors, flush-doors, store-fittings, and even for boat construction.

Masonite is made in four grades—Presdwood, Tempered Presdwood, Quartrboard-de-luxe, and Temprtile. Can be used in its rich natural brown finish, or given any desired colour. Worked with ordinary carpenter's tools—no special skill or equipment required. i Masonite Temprtile . . .

Masonite Temprtile lets you have bathrooms and kitchens with all the beauty of modern tiled walls, without the expense of tiling. These scored Masonite sheets exactly resemble tiling, and are quickly and easily nailed in place, and can be treated with any colour finish.

A ID US I! II in THE COLONIAL SUGAR REFINING CO. LTD. (BUILDING MATERIALS DIVISION) Sydney Melbourne Brisbane Adelaide Perth MA 14-4 Q

Kiddies’ Coughs

Break nasty coughs and colds quickly.

Soothe nose, throat, chest and Kings.

Safe and pleasant to take. Handy*siud bottle. I/-. cure

Mining News

From Fiji MOUNT KASI MINES, LTD.

PRODUCTION at the mine on Vanua Levu for the four weeks ended June 12 is compared with the three previous yields in the following table: — LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES, N.L.

June production compares with March, April and May as follows: — EMPEROR MINES, LTD.

Results from the Emperor mine, at Tavua, for the past four months have been: —- From New Guinea BULOLO GOLD DREDGING, LTD.

THE directors of Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., report that May production from the Co.’s dredges in New Guinea compared with the previous two months as follows: — fine gold.

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS, LTD.

The latest report issued by the Mining Trust, Ltd., consulting engineers to N.G.G., Ltd., compares the production and profit for May with March and April;— SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT, LTD.

Production figures for the quarter ended June 30 are as follows: Hrs. Cub. yd. Oz.

Elevator returns 1,858 62,689 1,648.15 Terraces (ground sluicing) 529 29,705 240.1 The clean-up for June was 607 oz.

SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING, LTD.

June production at the Sandy Creek mine In New Guinea is compared with the three previous months in the following table:— From Papua CUTHBERTS MISIMA GOLDMINE. LTD.

JUNE production at the mine is compared with April and May in the following table:— PAPUAN APINAIPI PETROLEUM CO., LTD.

The Papuan Apinaipi Petroleum Co., Ltd., reported in June that the No. 1 major well at Oiapu had reached a depth of 2,249 ft. Showings of gas and oil continue.

MANDATED ALLUVIALS, N.L.

A report submitted to the directors of Mandated Alluvials, N.L., by Mr. G. A. More, BE., on the Laloki area, confirms the view that the body of ore now being worked above the adit level contains 149,000 tons. This should keep the extended plant in full production for about three and a half years, without taking into account the possibility of ore from other sources or from depths below this level. The extended plant, now under construction, will have a capacity exceeding 100 tons a day. It is anticipated that production with the present plant will continue during the greater portion of the construction period.

Price Of Gold

Mr. and Mrs. J. LeCren, who made Norfolk Island their home during the past 10 years, left N.I. recently by the “Morinda” to live permanently in Australia. 63 Pacific Islands Monthl y-J ul y 15, 1940

“PRESTO” it THE MAGIC BOX The most Amazing Trick— Just out. | “Presto”.—The greatest, most allur- I ing and outstanding little trick | ever introduced, 2/9. Post Free. ! Money back if it’s not the best yet.

T

I Police Patrol Multi Strand

j RUBBER COVERED AERIAL. ! Needs No Separate Lead-in. j 50 ft., 2/6; 100 ft., 5/-.

Man-O-War Heavy Duty

J Insulated Aerial, Multi

STRAND WIRES.

I 50 ft., 5/-; 100 ft. 10/-. ! Electric MODEL MOTORS, work off jwet or dry batteries: 5/9, 9/6, 12/6 — ! worth double.

ACCUMULATORS We sell all Types and Sizes—Fully Guaranteed.

RADIO ACCUMULATORS.

GAMES I Dart Boards, 4/6, 8/6, 10/6, 15/-.

Brass Competition Darts, Set of 3, 18/11, 4/6, 5/6!. Monopoly, 10/6.

Totopoly, 10/6. Bucaneer, 10/6. 3 lof the World’s Most Popular Games. ; Chinese Checkers, 2/6, 4/6, 8/6. 1 Tripoly Card Game, 5/-. De Luxe Model Game, 10/6. Poker Rummy, Pot Luck, 1/-. Playing Card Lotto, 1/-. We Stock All Kinds of Indoor Games. Send for Booklet. /i Neat Metal Bound Wooden Cigarette Cabinet, 4/9, for building Music Box unit into.

Complete Mechanical Units for Musical Cigarette Boxes, etc., 12/6, 15/-. Plays two Tunes. Music- Boxes, 30/-, 35/-, 45/-. Musical Cigarette Boxes, 35/-.

“Like-A-Flash” De Luxe

Radio Receivers From

Maker To User

Regardless of Make, Trade-Name or Price, “Like-a-Flash” Radio Sets cannot be bettered. Hundreds of our sets are giving excellent service right throughout the Islands.

“Like-a-Flash” De Luxe Dual Wave 5 Valve Battery Operated Receiver.

This is one of the most powerful models In our battery set series, and the Radio Frequency stage of amplification gives the set a world range on short wave channels as well as full coverage range of Australasian “A” and “B” Class Broadcasters.

The set is also specially designed to give maximum service in humid climates, such as North Queensland and Pacific Island Territories. A vital part very vulnerable to “dampness” in ordinary receivers is the “Intermediate Frequency Section’’, In this set our Engineers have fitted special inductance tuned intermediate frequency transformers which do not require trimmers.

These units ensure correct alignment for a continuous period. An 8 in. Aero Dial calibrated in stations facilitates tuning. Valves used are; 2—lC4. I—KK2. I—lK6. I—lD4 The speaker is the latest Amplion Permagnetic Model, capable of high fidelity reproduction. Battery equipment consists of extra heavy capa city units as follows: 1 2 Volt 100 amp. Accumulator. 3 Ever-Ready Superdyne 45 Volt “B” Batteries. 1 Ever-Ready 4V 2 in, "C” Battery.

The outfit is housed in a beautfully veneered floor model Console Cabinet.

PRICE: £22/5/-.

Now available (not less than 10/npT'-els); Magic Wand. 1/6 Jafet’s Wallet, 1/-; Obedient Ball. 1/6; Rattle Box; Mystic Head Chopper, 2/6; Shy Jack, 2/-; Dribble Glass, 2/-: Ventrillo. 1/-; Magic Coin, 1/-; Nest of Nests, 5/-; Voice Echoer, 1/-; Magic Bottle, 1/-; 3 Bell Trick, 1/-. 2 Knife Trick, 6/6. Giant Dice Trick. 1 6.

Send for 20/-, 30/-, 40/-, 50/-, 60/parcel of TRICKS, JOKES, PUZZLES, 9 \ I / The Greatest Novelty and Trick Ever Introduced, The “Rattle” Money Box and “Nest of Nests” Trick, 7/6. (the two). You can do it once you have the instructions.

Rush Bd. in Stamps for our “GREAT WONDER BOOK OP SPECIALTIES”.

Games, Radio, Tricks, Puzzles, etc.

No. 1 Morse Code Practice Sets, with Switch Buzzer to Light. Use as you desire. 25/- complete.

No. 2, with Heavier Type Morse Key; 30/-. Pendograph Bug Key. 70/-. Special High Pitched Adjustable Professional Morse Buzzer, 15/-.

Adjustable Bakelite Base Morse Code Buzzers, British Make, 4/9. Larger size, 3/6. Special High - pitched Circular Buzzers i n Bakelite Case, 5/6.

Adjustable All-way Chrome-cased Morse Code Key on Bakelite 12/6. Adjustable Buzzers, 4/9.

P.M.G.S^£^ r.M.G PfPE SOUNDER 194 We sell DICE of all kinds. Crown & Anchor sets, 10/6; Poker Dice Sets, 6/6, 7/6, 9/6; Hazard Dice, 1 to 6, 5 for 8/6, 5 for 10/6; Head & Tail Dice, 5 for 8/6, 5 for 10/6; Blanks, % in. & % in, Red, White & Green. Ask for what you need in Dice or Dice Shakers. 58/6 From London, “Cosmocord” De Luxe Crystal Pick-up, with Built-in Vol.

Control, 58/6. Magnetic type Pickups, complete with volume control and tone arm. All British Make, 30/-, 35/-, 38/6, 45/-, and Studio Model, 50/-.

Play, Talk, Sing, Joke through your Radio. Great Pun. Batteryless type.

Microphone for Hand Holding or Hanging, 22/6. Complete with lead fixed in a second. Others, 12/6, 15/-, 17/6, 25/-, 28/6, 32/6. All plus 1/9 for Battery and 1/6 for 20 ft. Cord.

WHto for full detailed list.

B.G.E. Table Type Microphone. Highly recommended for Amateur or Profeosional use. Built-In Transformer and Battery with Volume Control incorporated.

Just plug Into pickup terminals of any set. 39/6.

No.. I.—Sheffield made Throwing Knife In sheath, 6/9.

No. 2.—Remington, U.S.A. made, Hunting and Sporting Knives in Sheath, 10/6. A Beautiful Article.

BV DART BOARDS: 8/6, 12/6, 25/-, 30/-. Competition Brass Darts (3 in set): 3/11, 4/6, 5/6.

Australian Naval Design Dress Rings for Gents, 6/6. Royal Australian Air Force Dress Rings for Lady or Gent, 4/6.

Carborundum 4in. Grinding Wheels 10/6. Large Breast Drills 5/11.

HEADPHONES. All 4000 ohms.

Lissen 19/6. S.T.C. or B.T.H. 30/-.

Ericssons 32/6. All British.

The Wireless Constructor’S

ENCYCLOPEDIA, 7/6.

Cloth bound, nearly 400 pages, full of interesting and useful hints. ‘•Wheres” and “Whys” book of Radio.

The Television And Short

WAVE HANDBOOK, 5/6.

Cloth bound—up to the moment, simply written explanation and instructions on building Short Wave Sets, etc. A useful dictionary of terms—you should have a copy.

HOUSIE HOUSIE PLAYING CARDS.

In Book form, each card perforated for easy detachment from the sheet, fool and cheat-proof, for player and operator. Obtainable in books of: 25 games for 60 players, 10/6. 25 games for 90 players, 12/6. Sets of Double-sided Wood Numbers, 10/-.

For Home, Carnival, or Party use.

Assorted colors, sheets all with serial numbers.

BOOKS! BOOKS! BOOKS! The Beginners’ Book of Radio. The Radio Beginners’ Dictionary. 2/- the 2. The Wireless Constructor’s Encyclopaedia. Giant size, 7/6. Newnes “Everyman’s” Wireless Boob, 5/6.

The Book of Practical Radio, also The Book of Practical Television, 8/6 each. Foulsham’s Giant “Party and Fun Book”, 1/6. Humorous Stories and Recitations, 3/9. Card and Conjuring Tricks, 3/9. Tea- Cup Fortune Telling, 3/9. 100 Party Games for Old and Young, 1/9.

Popular Magic and Amateur Conjurer, 1/9. 50 Best Party Games, 1/6. Tricks with Cards, 1/6. nmnißiiminnni Write for Punch Board Leaflets innnnnnnnnnn

J.Levenson Radio

Pin-Game, GAMES, NOVELTIES AND HOBBIES, Totem and 226 A PITT STREET, SYDNEY and Manufacturers, Importers, and Exporters. Leaflets N.S.W., AUSTRALIA. Illfllllllllinillllllllll Cable address: “Leveradioh”. Goods forwarded V.P.P. or Sight Draft. Satisfaction and Service Guaranteed. We can supply by mail all General Merchandise at a Better Price. Quotations with pleasure. Please add freight and packing. Write (or full list of interesting leaflets of Games, Hobbies, Novelties, and Electrical Goods. Write for full list of Radio Meters. 1 High-pitched Tone De Luxe Professional Buzzer. The best made IS/- Books just landed, 1/9 ea.

Popular Party Games.

Tea Cup Telling Fortune Card Tricks— We Can Supply, at a Keen Price, Any Available Article You Require. 64 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

By Appointment

When Visiting

BRISBANE Pay us a call and let us take your measurements, colour preferences, size records, etc. These will be of great assistance to us for future reference.

A range of the latest Suitings will be gladly forwarded on request.

Pike Brothers Ltd.

Queen Street

"More Power To You"

it s m ..wiTtto C GVi^ CAR . . . RADIO

Home Lighting

o*CO’

PRODUCT OF THE CLYDE ENGINEERING CO. LTD.

Island Agents: Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., Rabanl: John L. Peadon, Ltd.

W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd. Fiji: Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd. p BRISBANE. - NEWCASTLE.

OYES BROS.

SYDNEY.

NOYES BROS.

For Details Of

• MINING EQUIPMENT.—Crushing Machinery, Screens, Feeders, Bock Drills, Excavators, Diesel and Crude Oil Engines, Hoists and Runways, Roller Bearings, etc. • ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT. Parkinson Motors, Crompton Switchgear, Transformers, Instruments, Meters, Callender Wires and Cables, Lighting Equipment, Electric Drills.

• Stores, Factories, Home And Office.—

Crompton Lamps, Electric Fittings and Accessories, Airspeed Fans, Floodlighting Equipment, Domestic Electric Appliances, Joseph Rodgers Cutlery & Plateware, Chinaware, “Perfection” E.P.N.S. Ware, Clocks. • NON-FERROUS METALS OF ALL DESCRIP- TIONS.—In sheets, Strips, Rods, Tubes, Wire and Extruded Sections.

NOYES BROS.(Sydney) Ltd.

I 1 5 Clarence Street, Sydney. 1 I Watt Street, Newcastle 197 Elizabeth Street, Brisbane Australian Short Wave Broadcast A NATIONAL Short Wave Programme is broadcast daily from Lyndhurst, near Melbourne, Victoria, for listeners in the Western Pacific. Call signs: Before 5.15 p.m. VLR3; after 5.30 p.m. VLR.

Wave lengths; Before 5.15 p.m. 25.32 metres: after 5.30 p.m. 31.32 metres.

Frequencies: Before 5.15 p.m. 11.850 Kcs.; after 5.30 p.m. 9.580 Kcs. Power: 2 Kilowatts. Times given are Australian Eastern Standard (10 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time).

A.M. Daily Week Days

6.30 Market Reports. 6.50 News Bulletin. 7.05 Physical Exercises. 7.15 Music. 7.45 News. 8.00 Music. 9.30 Story. 10.00 Daily Devotional Service. 10.15 Close. 12.00 Time Signal p.m. 12.15 Luncheon Music. 12.35 Essential Services. 12.50 News. 1.00 Australian News. 1.10 Afternoon Musical Programme. 4.15 Overseas News. 5.15 Close. 5.30 Young People’s Session. 6.15 Dinner Music. 7.00 News. 7.45 Talk. 9.30 News. 11.00 Close. 11.55 Dept, of Information Service. 12.15 Talk and News in Dutch. 12.30 Close.

P.M. Every Saturday

1.35—5.15 Description of current sporting and athletic events, interspersed with music. 12.30 Close. a.m. EVERY SUNDAY 6.45 Music. 6.50 News. 7.00 Music 9.00 News. 9.10 Sporting Session. 10.00 Book Reviews. 9.30 New Releases (Recorded). 10.45 Divine Service. 12.15 Great Pianists. 12.55 News Session. 1.00 Luncheon Music. 1.30 Close. 3.00 Re-open—Classical Compositions. 3.45 Talk. 4.15 News. 4.45 Music. 7.00 News. 7.15 Talk on “International Affairs.” 9.30 News Service. 11.00 Close. 12.00 Dept, of Information Service, p.m. 12.03 Talk. 12.15 Talk in Dutch. 12.30 Close.

Aug. 1 (Thurs.) —8 p.m. Orchestral Programme; 8.30 Jim Davidson’s iA.B.C. Dance Band; S' “Mastersingers”; 10 Modern Compositions.

Aug. 2 (Fri.)—B p.m. Brian Lawrence Ensemble; 8.30 Play; 9.20 Light Piano Recital; 10 Variety.

Aug. 3 (Sat.) —7.45 p.m. Music Hall Memories; 8.15 Sir Thomas Beecham and Sydney Symphony Orchestra: 10 Peter Dawson (Baritone).

Patriotic Funds

Subscriptions Mount in All Islands Centres Throughout the world British people of every race, creed and colour are rallying to the colours with grim determination, ready to give their lives if necessary so that upon their Empire the sun shall never set.

Backing them, every community is making a fine effort to raise money either for a War Fund or for the Red Cross; and in Islands centres the subscription lists are swelling as each week passes.

PORT MORESBY.—Numerous social functions and donations brought the Red Cross Fund to nearly £550 at the end of June. The Papuan War Fund, recently inaugurated, totalled £3,628 on June 28, including the following donations: — Papua Administration, £2,000; Anglo-Papuan Plantations and B.P. Branches, £2OO each; Hon.

T. Nevitt, Hon. A. Jewell, Mrs. M. H. Jewell, Sagarai Plantation, Dr. G. H. Vernon, B.N.G.

Trading Co., £100; Mr. and Mrs. E. T. Ward, Port Moresby Freezing Co., £5O; Hon. H. W.

Champion, £3O; F. B. Godson, “Papuan Courier”, Moresby Hotels, T. K. Bowes, T. L.

Sefton, Mrs. R. S. Munro, £25; Hon. S. Smith, Hon. A. P. Lyons, Hon. H. L. Murray, G. A.

Stewart, Dr. K. Washington Gray, Mrs. L. E.

Ashton, Public Service Association, £lO/10/-; Mr. and Mrs. A. O. Pollard, Squadron-Leader Alexander, Mrs. T. L. Sefton, J. T. O’Malley, L. C. Littler, £10; K.P.R.E. Staff, £6; Mrs.

G. A. Stewart, R. M. Stewart, £5/5/-; G. A.

Bayer, P. N. Charpentier, G. Christie, Mr. and Mrs. F. E. Williams, L. J. Weeks, Mrs. M. A.

Dette, Mr. and Mrs. G. G. Smiith, Lieut. -> Commander T. Nixon, Mr, and Mrs. E. B.

Bignold, Dr. M. F. Glaessner, Lieut.-Commander and Mrs. E. A. Feldt, £5; T. Miller, £3; D.

Willmott, 42/-; K. Solien, £2; Armi and family, 24/-; Pouna and wife, 23/-; Mrs. Walsh, L. G.

Stewart, A. Beattie, 21/-; Raru Stima and family, Gabe Rae, Sr. and Jr., Samneli, £1; Miss D. Walsh, “Jock”, 10/6; Native contributions ranging from 1/- to £l, £l6/3/-; Monthly contributions. G. A. Louden (£ 8/6/81.

E. J. Frame (£5), E. A. James (£4), W. E.

Rosser, W. H. Humphries (£3), Mr. and Mrs.

W. H. Leydin, Mrs. M. Mathews (£l/10/-).

SAMARAI. —A Picture Night (£6), the Bowling Club’s Novelty Evening (£55), Hon. G. E.

Aumuller’s card party (£25), and donations (Hon. T. Nevitt, £5; and Bishop Newton, £2) have swelled the Red Cross Fund to nearly £ 100. A novel scheme is also in operation— someone calculated that 66,125 pennies placed side by side would encircle the island, so an “Around Samarai With Pennies” fund is steadily mounting towards the desired goal of £275/10/5. 65 Pacific Islands Monthl y—J uly 15, 1940

Hair Cutting Outfit

n o CONTAINING

1 Barber S Scissor

1 No. 1 Hair Clipper

1 NO. 0000 HAIR TRIMMING CLIPPER AND 1 COMB Post Free For Cash.

W. Jno. BAKER HUNTER STREET, SYDNEY g * f MODERN

Banking Service

The Pacific Islands branches of the Bank of New South Wales offer the same complete banking service as branches of the Bank throughout Australia and New Zealand. New Guinea, Papua, and Fiji are thus directly linked with an expert banking organisation serving the needs of modern business, and the special requirements of oversea trade.

Bank Of New South Wales

The Largest Bank in the Southern Hemisphere At Blue Mountains—Springwood, N.B.W.

Springwood Ladies' College Est. 1897. Kindergarten to Leaving Certificate. Tennis, Riding, Swimming, Team Games. Unequalled climate. Pure Jersey Milk. Senior and Junior Houses. Openair sleeping. Inclusive fees. Special vacation arrangements for Island pupils.

M. E. DURAND, Principal.

Progress of the fund is shown on a huge coloured map outside the Post Office.

MISIMA. —In remote Eastern Papua, the Misima War Workers’ Guild has been, enthusiastically raising funds and collected over £5O up to the middle of June. Dozens of knitted garments have been sent South for the troops. When Misima’s first contingent left, the Guild presented each man with two pairs of knitted sox and a tin of cigarettes.

TULAGI. —The Resident Commissioner (Mr. W.

S. Marchant) opened a Bazaar at the Tulagi Club on June 8 and the Solomon Islands Red Cross Society benefited by nearly £l3O as a result of many generous gifts from all parts of the Protectorate. The Ladies’ Committee, under the guidance of Mrs. Ragnar Hyne (Hon.

Secretary and Treasurer) worked tirelessly to make the function a huge success. Total raised for the Red Cross to mid-June stood at £7BO.

RAROTONGA. —The Island Council has allotted £2OO to the Red Cross Fund and a number of other donations have been received as proceeds from village dances (one at Tukuvaine raised £35).

SUVA. —Two subscription lists are open in Fiji—one for the Fiji Defence Comforts Fund (£240 late in June) and the other for the British Red Cross Appeal (over £2,250).

APIA.—The Samoa branch of the Red Cross by the end of June had acknowledged £l7O.

THURSDAY ISLAND. —A monster sports carnival enabled T.I. to send a substantial contribution to the Australian Comforts Fund.

NUKUALOFA. —English newspapers in June featured the fact that £3OO had been raised for the British Red Cross by natives of Tonga.

RABAUL. —Subscriptions, large and small, continue to stream in for the N.G. Division of the Red Cross and for the Commonwealth War Loan (see “Rabaul Jottings”, p. 47).

WAU.—Patriotic funds were augmented in June by a race meeting sponsored by the Wau Golf Club and a gala Red Cross Ball. During June, £1,105 was raised to purchase an ambulance for the A.1.F., which will be named “Wau (N.G.) Ambulance”. The list of subscribers included:—Mr. and Mrs. Vertigan, 21/-; Rev. V.

H. Sherwin, 21/-; Mrs. H. R. Hyde, £1; Mrs.

J. C. Nisbet, 21/-; Mandated Airlines, 105/-; R.

A. Laws, 110/-; E. W. Jenyns, 21/-; F. D.

Brown, £10; F. M. Draper, £5; Mrs. A. A.

Bellhouse, 42/-; K. Murray, £3; M. J. Leahy, £5; J. L. Leahy, £5; W. Upton, £1; W. G.

Mitchell, £10; Mrs. R. Barker, £5; J. A.

McCabe, 105/-; Mrs, J. A. McCabe, £1; J. A.

McCabe, Jr., £5; R. G. Morgan, 42/-; Mr. and Mrs. T. N. Frazer, 42/-; Miss B. Frazer, 21/-; N. R. Frazer, 21/-; Mrs. C. Wilton, 21/-; G.

George, £5; Guinea Airways, Ltd., 105/-; W.

W. Cameron, 42/-; C. C. Beckett, 21/-; Mrs. L.

C. Noakes, £1; Mrs. W. Horton, 21/-; W. R.

McConnon, £10; V. A. Florance, 50/-; L. Ullrich, 50/-; W. V. Helton, £2; M. Cameron, £1; C. K. Duffy, 21/-; P. Jensen, £l5; P. G. Seaforth, 21/-; A. E. Fry, £1; P. J. Leahy, 42/-; B. & Co., 105/-; K. A. Macgregor, 105/-; Sunshine G. Dev., 210/-; J. Peddie, £3; F. Isenbert, £5; P. Dart, 21/-; L. Roberts, 21/-; B. Borrodale, 21/-; J. B. McAdam, 21/-; W. V. Warren, 21/-; Koranga G. Sluicing, Ltd., £100; T. W.

Upson, 42/-; Enterprise of N.G., 105/-; S. C.

Clarke, 42/-; Women’s Guild, £5; G. M. Lane, £5; H. Taylour, 42/-; Mesdames Marsh & Frost, £2O; E. B. T. Allision, 42/-; E. B. Ayris, 21/-; G. W. Bellamy, 10/6; G. V. Wild, 42/-; R. W.

Tebb, 42/-; Morobe Bakery, Ltd., £10; Stephens Aviation, Ltd., £10; E. J. Stephens, £5; O.

Moen, 42/-; J. Poland, 50/-; A. J. Byrne, 21/-; Mrs. Kirwan, 21/-; A. J. Wilson, 21/-; J. G.

Brugh, £2; B. Fraser, 42/-; A. J. Peadon, £10; T. McLaren, 84/-; E. H. Lowe, £5; F. J. Smith, £2O; W. J. Cash, £2; Dr. W. E. Giblin, £5; B. Gordon, 42/-; W. J. Currie, £1; F. R.

Havill, 42/-; Mrs. M. J. Read, 21/-; F. Nelson, 105/-; Mrs. P. Crouch, 42/-; Mrs. C. M. Jones, £1; A. E. Pauley, £2; A. J. Connell, £2; Matron & Staff, European Hospital, £llO/3/6; J.

A. McKay, 42/-; Mesdames Gross, McKay, Plumb & Quinn, £22; Mr. & Mrs. J. D. Burke, 21/-; C. W. G. Fox, 21/-; J. A. Crockett, 21/-; Miss Wombwell, £1; L. Simpson, £3; D. C. G.

Phillips, 105/-; Mrs. Bowring, 21/-; L. Lane, 105/-; J. Hosey, 21/-; R. G. 2l/-; L. H. Knightley, 10/6; F. J. Lowe, 30/-; E. G.

Rideout, £5; J. W. McDonald, £5; H. G.

Rollinson, £5; G. R. Jay, £1; H. G. Taylor, £2; P. H. Bell, 21/-; A. Clarkson, 21/-; H.

Hotz, £1; A. Leydin, 42/-; J. Zeablitzsky, £1; R. Paoloni, £1; A. Costa, £1; M. Stefani, £1; W. W. Clarke, £1; G. Costa, £1; A. J. Winterford, Jr., £1; L. H. Gielis, £1; J. Rigoni, 42/-; F. Philp, £2; T. C. Gibson, 21/-; F. H. Everall, 210/-; A. Winterford, £1; R. L. Boreham, £3; C. Cavalieri, £2; “Cliff side” (R. N. Wilde), £5O; R. Stanbury, £4; F. de Russett, £1; Mrs.

Poland, 42/-; E. R. Michell, £1; W. Donnelly, £2; D. B. Coutts, £5; Estate of A. Schrater, £5; United Women’s League (Edie Creek), £3O; O. Bell, 21/-; W. V. Quinn, 63/-; Greenwood & Laws, Ltd., 105/-; P. J. Mazlin, 63/-; R. C.

Symes, 210/-; N.G.G., Ltd., £25; K. B. Gross, 105/-: F. J. Leydin, 42/-; J. Scott, 10/6; D.

Gray, 10/6; C. H. Maggs, 5/-; D. M. Campbell, 10/6; Mr. & Mrs. W. G. Mitchell, £66/10/-; C.

Moen, £2; Mesdames Burke, Courtney & Lyall, £26; J. Dewar & Sons, Ltd., £25; V. G. Smith, 62/6; F. D. Brown, £3; Miss Krell, 5/-; Associates, Golf Club, £5; Miss Macnamara, 10/6; T. Zoffmann, £3O; Wau Club, Ltd., £2O; Wau Golf Club. £75/13/-; Sandy Creek G.S., Ltd., £26/5/-; Gold & Power, Ltd., £26/5/-; G. Johnson, £1; Australian Labour Party, 42/-. 66 July 15, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

Loudon .Price on— January l, 1932 Copra South Sea, Plantation, Sun-dried Hot-air Dried, to London Rabaul Per ton, c.l.f. Per ton c.LI. £14 0 0 £14 15 0 June 17 . £13 2 6 £13 5 0 December lb .. £14 2 6 £14 5 0 January 6 . 1933 , £13 0 0 £13 12 6 March 3 . . . . £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 . £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 .. £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 . .. £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, , 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 30 £7 7 6 £8 0 0 June 15 . £8 0 0 £8 12 6 September 7 ,. £7 12 6 £8 15 0 December 28 . . £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 March 1 , £12 2 6 £12 15 0 June 7 .. £11 15 0 £12 7 6 September 6 .. £9 17 6 £10 17 6 December 6 . . £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea South Sea Plantation Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles , to London Rabaul.

Price on— Per ton, c.l.f.

Per ton, c.l.f.

Per ton , c.LI.

Jan. 3, ’36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £14 0 0 Mar. 6 . . £11 15 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 June 5 . . £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 6 Sept. 4 . . £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Dec. 4 . . £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8, ’37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £23 12 6 Mar. 5 . . £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 June 4 . . £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 Sept. 3 . . £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Dec. 3 . . £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Jan. 7, ’38 £12 12 6 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 Feb. 4 . . £11 2 6 £11 10 0 £12 7 6 Mar. 4 . . £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Apr. 1 , . £10 10 0 £10 12 6 £11 10 0 May 6 . . £10 17 6 £10 17 6 £11 17 6 June 3 . . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 12 6 July 1 . . £9 17 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Aug. 5 . . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 Sept. 2 . . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Oct. 7 . . £9 2 6 £9 2 6 £10 2 6 Nov. 4 . . £8 12 6 £8 12 6 £9 10 0 Dec. 2 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Jan. 6, ’39 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 10 0 Jan.27 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Feb. 3 . . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Feb. 24 £9 17 6 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 3 . . £10 0 0 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 17 . £9 15 0 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Mar. 24 £9 15 0 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Mar. 31 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 April 6 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 April 14 . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 April 21 . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 April 28 . £9 17 6 £10 0 0 £11 0 0 May 5 . . £10 0 0 £10 5 0 £11 0 0 May 12 . £10 5 0 £10 10 0 £11 5 0 May 19 £10 5 0 £10 7 6 £11 2 6 May 26 . £10 7 6 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 June 2 £10 7 6 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 June 9 £10 5 0 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 May 10 14d 12d May 17 14d .. 12d May 24 14d ll'/ad May 31 15d ll’/ad June 7 15'/ad . . 12'/ 4 d June 14 15'/ 2 d .. 12%d June 21 15*/ad . . 13 3 /sd June 28 15'/ 4 d . . 13'/ 4 d July 5 15d 12 3 / 4 d June 16 . £9 15 0 £10 0 0 £10 17 6 June 23 . £9 10 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 June 30 . £9 5 0 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 July 7.. £9 26 £976 £10 50 July 14 £9 0 0 £9 5 0 £10 0 0 July 21 . £8 15 0 £8 17 6 £9 12 6 July 28 £9 0 0 £9 2 6 £ 10 0 0 Aug. 4 . . £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Aug. 11 . £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Aug. 18 . £9 0 0 £9 2 6 £10 5 0 Aug. 25 . £9 5 0 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Sept. 1 . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £ 10 12 6 Rubber Plantation London Para.

Smoked.

Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6, 1933 4%d .. 2.43d July 7 5%d .. 3.71d December 8 .. . 4.0% January 5, 1934 4‘/ 4 d .. 4.28d July 6 7.06d December 28 .. 6%d January 4, 1935 5d .. 6%d July 5 5d .. 7%d December 6 .. 6 3 / 4 d ., 6%d January 3, 1936 6 3 /»d .. 6V a d June 5 9d .. 7>/ 4 d December 4 .. .

V- .. 9 l-16d January 8, 1937 1/2 .. ioy a d June 4 lid .. 9 6-8d December 3 .. . 7%d .. 7%d January 7, 1938 7>/ 4 d .. 7d July 1 6 3 / 4 d .. 7%d December 2 .. . 7%d .. 8d January 6, 1939 7d .. 8Vsd July 7 7%d .. ay 4 d December 1 12d .. ny 2 d January 5, 1940 13d .. 11.6% February 2 .. . 13d .. ll%d March 1 .. ,. 12 3 / 4 d .. 12 y 2 d March 8 .. .. 12%d . . 12y 4 d March 15 .. ,. 12%d .. ll.l%d March 22 .. .. 12%d ..

HV4d March 29 .. .. 12%d .. nysd April 5 12 3 / 4 d .. 10 7 /sd April 12 .. .. 12%d . . 11.0%d April 19 14d . . 11.0%d April 26 14d .. lid May 3 14d llVid HELP

Kidneys Pass

3 LBS. A DAY Doctors say your kidneys contain 15 miles of tiny tubes or filters which help to purify the blood and keep you healthy. Most people pass about 3 pints a day or about 3 pounds of waste.

An excess of acids or poisons in your blood are the cause of frequent or scanty passages with smarting and burning, nagging backache, rheumatic pains, leg pains, loss of pep and energy, getting up nights, swollen feet and ankles, pufliness under the eyes, headaches and dizziness.

If kidneys don’t empty 3 pints a day and get rid of more than 3 pounds of waste matter, your body will take up these poisons causing serious trouble. Don’t wait! Ask vour chemist or store for DOAN’S BACKACHE KIDNEY PILLS . . . used successfully the world over by millions of people. They give quick relief and will help to flush out the 15 MILES of kidney tubes.

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MOSMAN, N.S.W, Market Quotations Sept. B—Not quoted—outbreak of war.

Sept. 15 to 29. —Not quoted.

Oct. 6 . . £ll 15 0 [unquoted] £l2 15 0 Oct. 12.—Fixed price based on £l2/7/6 per ton, c.1.f., London, for plantation hot-air dried.

Jan. 8, 1940. —April 20, 1940. —Fixed price, for plantation, hot-air dried, £ 13/5/- per ton, c.i.f., London.

April 20, 1940. —Fixed price for plantation, hotair dried. £l2/17/6 per ton, c.i.f., London.

June 12, 15*40. —Quotations nominal.

July 12, 1940.—Quotations nominal.

Mr, R. Allison, appointed Resident Agent of Atiu, Cook Islands, left Rarotonga for Atiu by the “Matua” recently, accompanied by Mrs. Allison and their small daughter. 67 Pacific Islands Monthl y—j uly 15, 1940

Buying.

Selling. £ s. d. £ s. d.

Telegraphic transfer . .. 110 15 0 112 0 0 On demand .. 110 12 6 111 17 6 Buying. Selling.

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Obtainable also from Islands stores of: BURNS, PHILP & Co. Ltd.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd.

Islands Produce

THE following quotations were obtained in Sydney in mid-July:— Coffee Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment, Sydney (Sterling): Quote No. 1: 23/- per cwt.

Quote No. 2: 22/6 per cwt.

Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. (Stg.): Quote No. 1: Grade “B”, 64/-; “C”, 60/- (Season closed).

Mysore, f.a.q., c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. Quote No. 1: Grade “A”, 74/-; “B”, 68/-; Triage, 62/- (Season closed).

Arabian (Adem Hodeidah, f.a.q., c.i.f., Sydney, No. 1 quotation, 82/6 stg. per cwt. No. 2 quotation, 84/- per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges: Exchange, duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent.), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.i.f. prices for kapok in July were:—Average Java, 6-7/32d. per lb., and Prime Japara 6-17/32d. per lb.

Ivory Nuts Owing to the International situation, Sydney agents cannot quote for ivory nuts. The last quotations, several weeks ago, indicated that a nominal rate was in the vicinity of £7 per ton.

Cocoa New Guinea cocoa; Quote No. 1: £42 per ton. Quote No. 2: £39-40. Quote No. 3: £4l.

Accra, good fermented, £32/10/- stg.

Rice Rangoon rice, packed in 100 lb. bags, £l5/17/6 per ton; 200 lb. sacks, £l5/10/- per ton.

Australian table rice, packed in 56 lb. bags, £2O per ton.

Trochus Shell Sydney agents .report that there has been no activity on the Trochus shell market for some time. The following quotations were given some weeks ago:—Quote 1; Grade “A”, £7B; “B”, £6B; “C”, £54. Quote 2; Grade “A”, £80; “B”, £69; “C”, £56. All quotes are f.0.b., and on the Australian £.

Mother of Pearl Shell Since the outbreak of war, no regular public sales of M.O.P. shell have been held in London, according to Sydney agents.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, quoted nominally by Sydney buyers:—Quote No. 1: £45-50. No. 2: £5O. No. 3; £5l.

Exchange Rates “THE following exchange quotations, gathered I in Sydney, show the rates existing in mid- July:— FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying £Alll/2/6, selling £AII3.

Fiji-London on basis £lOO London: —

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

The International situation, as a result of Fiance laying down her arms, has completely dislocated the Anglo-French banking system.

London is not quoting on Paris —therefore the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris Bank in Sydney is unable to furnish us with Sydney- Noumea bank rates, as usual.

N. CALEDONIA AND TAHITI- THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

As a result of the present European situation, London is not quoting a rate on Paris; and since the Sydney-Noumea and Sydney-Papeete quotations are based on the London-Paris rate, no quotations for these are available.

Western Samoa—Through Bank

OF NEW ZEALAND.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa —buying, £A99/12/6; selling, £ AlOO/2/6.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £lOO in London: —

New Guinea And Papua—Through

BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia on Port Moresby and Samaral, Papua, 10/- per cent, premium each way. Australia on Rabaul, 10/- per cent, premium. All other places 20/- per cent.

Papua and New Guinea on London: Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Port Moresby and Samarai, 10/- per cent.; on Rabaul, 10/- per cent. —other Papua and New Guinea districts, £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London: — Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling; T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100. 68 July IS, 194 O—P acific Islands Monthly

Barnet Glass

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Manufacturers and Suppliers to the Islands’ trade of all rubber goods:— Tyres, Tubes and Accessories Rubber Soled Footwear Tennis Balls Waterproof Garments Mechanical Hoses, Transmission Belting, etc.

Tennis Racquets, Golf Balls, Toy Balls, etc., and native trade lines.

Prompt and efficient attention to all enquiries.

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Suva Aganta: A $ RAREBROTHER & CO. - , . . And at Lautoka, P.O. Box 36. Tal. 261 Sydnay Aqants: P. T. TAYLOR LTD.

PQWSft to spare when wind or tide is tough The Blaxland 3 h h.p. pup provides just that extra power to combat a heavy swell or a swift-running tide.

Outstanding mechanical features are the detachable cylinder block, and either the “8.R.” Schebler pattern carburettor or the Chapman Floatless type. Other conveniences are the “8.R.” spring-loaded, self-adjusting clutch, and the patent bounce starting without handle or strap. A “B R ” product manufactured under licence and employing the famous Chapman Pup patents, this efficient power unit has already established for itself a fine reputation throughout Australia.

BLAXLAND RAE Pty. Ltd. 61-65 SALISBURY ROAD, CAMPERDOWN, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Telegrams: “Blaxrae”, Sydney. ’Phone: L 5071.

Queensland: MARINO PRODUCTS PTY. LTD., Brisbane.

Victoria: MOTOR SPARES LTD., Melbourne.

PUP South Australia:

Boat Fittings

Adelaide.

West. Australia: HARRIS, SCARFE & SANDOVERS LTD., Perth.

Shipping Services In The Pacific

rjiHE shipping timetables which, presented in these pages, have been a feature 1 of the “Pacific Islands Monthly” for nearly 10 years, may not. for obvious reasons, be published while the British Empire is at war. We regret the inconvenience to Islands residents; but war-time regulations must be complied with.

Publication of the timetables will be resumed as soon as it is possible and practicable.

Islands Recruits For The

A.I.F.

IT was announced officially on June 19 that Australia would provide further recruiting facilities in Papua and New Guinea for men desirous of enlisting in the A.I.F. Recruiting is now being carried on by commanders of the military units at Port Moresby and Rabaul, and all recruits accepted are being sent to Australia as local conditions permit. During the month, recruits have been accepted at Port Moresby, Samarai, Rabaul, Wau, Kavieng, Kieta, Salamaua, Madang, Wewak.

Morobe’S Splendid Response

Prom Our Own Correspondent WAU, July 6.

To-day, the second Goldfields contingent (less Bulolo and Bulwa, who went direct) paraded in front of the District Office in Wau and were publicly farewelled.

Thirty-two men have been passed medically fit, 7 were passed unfit for Class 1; 5 were found to be temporarily unfit for the same class; 15 were prevented from going by reason of being in “reserved occupations”; and 3 were recruited specially for the R.A.A.F. The following were passed fit and attested:— E. G. Hadley, R. S. Fell, F. H. Everall, A.

T. Leydin, H. C. Halliday, P. H. Axsentieff, G.

W. Smith, A. J. Winterford, J. R. A. Lamb, A.

H. Cresswell, B. W. Borodale, J. H, Lonergan, N. C. Momsen, E. Spence, D. C. Irvine, M. E.

Blackett, W. G. Ekblade, D. P. Spankie, W. P.

Coutts, W. Penman, S. Atkinson, J. H. Allan, H. Lumb, E. L. Till, D. R. Phillips, J. A. Davis, L. Stamper, J. T. Galwey, W. M. Robertson, P. J. R. Honan, R. Paslow, A, G. Lapham.

Japan'S Mandates

IT was reported from Tokio on June 20 that Germany has reiterated to Japan her assurances that she will not demand the return of the former German possessions in the Pacific held under mandate by Japan—namely, the Caroline. Marshall and Mariana Islands.

Mr. C. H. Lees, formerly 2nd mate of the L.M.S, schooner “John Williams V”, died in Suva on June 20, aged 55.

Yacht On Leisurely Cruise

rpHE 94-feet schooner-rigged pleasure X yacht “New Golden Hind”, owned by Mr. H. R. Jenkins, which left Auckland in May, is now on a leisurely cruise which embraces the ports of Tonga, Pi.u, Samoa and Cook Islands.

In addition to the crew and Mr.

Jenkins, master, the party includes Mrs.

F. J. H. Harrison and Miss M. Culford Bell, of Auckland, Mr. W. E. Mitchell, of Nelson, and Mr. H. T. Welch, of Te Awamutu . The navigator is Mr. H.

Simpson.

Before his departure Mr. Jenkins said it was possible that his yacht would be used by an expedition headed by Mr.

Michael Lerner. the noted American ichthyotomist, and associate of the American Museum of Natural History, who studied big game fish in New Zealand waters at the beginning of last year. 69 Pacific Islands Monthly—July 15, 1940

Sydney'S Leading

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Apolosi Banished Again

TIE- Fijian “agitator”, Apolosi Nawai, who returned recently to Suva after 10 years’ deportation to the island of Rotuma, was not allowed to remain loose in Fiji. A Government order of May 30 announced that Apolosi is to be confined to the district of Ititu, Rotuma, for another 10 years, and Apolosi was returned to Rotuma early in June.

This is the third occasion on which Apolosi has been deported. As he now is ageing, it is not likely that he will be further heard of again in connection with Fijian affairs.

The Agreeable Count von Luckner OFFICIAL confirmation of a statement made by General C. H. Brand, of the Senate, in which he accused Count von Luckner of spying activities during his recent visit to Australia, was given in Canberra last month. It was stated that the Defence authorities kept a close watch on the people who visited von Luckner, or who attended meetings other than of a nublic character. A check showed that only German nationals with strong Nazi tendencies were closely associated with the German count, and all of these were arrested on September 3, and interned.

“Count von Luckner was beslobbered by many, but I could never rid myself of the impression that underneath the veneer of bonhomie and goodfellowship with which he sought to worm his way into certain circles, there was the active brain of a Nazi agent on confidential Nazi service”, commented Mr. W. M.

Hughes (Attorney-General).

Von Luckner visited many places in the Central Pacific in the course of his leisurely progress from Panama to Sydney, in his yacht, some two years ago.

A Tongan Appointment

Letter to the Editor rE engagement of a sergeant-major, Mr. J. F. Latimer, from New Zealand, as drill instructor of the Tonga Defence Force, raises the question of the status of the European Chief Inspector in the Tonga Police Force.

Under the Treaty between Great Britain and Tonga, as well as in the Tonga Police Act, the presence of a European as Chief Inspector in the Tonga Police Force is imperative. Under the Police Act it is equally imperative that the same officer shall also act as drill instructor of the Tonga Royal Guards, and consequently of the newly-established Tonga Defence Force, into which the former has been absorbed.

This is desirable from the angle of finance, apart from the fact that the labour involved does not justify the employment of two officers.

The fact that the present Chief Inspector does not function as drill instructor of the Royal Guards or Defence Force appears to be a breach of the Police Act. Its result is a further £3OO a year being added to the already topheavy expenditure of the Tonga Government.

Why the Tonga Government allowed this absurd position to be brought about, especially at a period when every conceivable measure of economy is of importance, is difficult to understand.

I am, etc., MALIMALI LOTO.

Nukualofa, June 6, 1940. 70 July 15, 194 o—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Index to Volume X.

AUGUST, 1939, TO JULY, 1940, INCLUSIVE. [First numeral indicates number of issue, and second numeral gives the page.] AMALGAMATION.—I-4, 2-5, 11- 50.

Archbold, Richard. —7-10.

Aviation. —1-5, 2-9, 3-7, 4-15, 5- 6-7, 6-18, 7-8, 8-4, 8-19, 9-10, 9- 29, 10-12, 11-7, 12-10. N. Guinea: 1-3, 2- 3-15, 3-55, 4-61, 5-56, 7-9, 8-8, 9-24, 10-8. Papua: 2-7. Sydney- N.G. Airline: 3-67. Marshall Is.: 8-7. Insect Quarantine: 6-48, 12-46.

BAKER IS.—l-10.

Birds of Paradise.—l-20, 5-30, 6- 7-20, 8-28, 9-22, 10-28.

Bulolo G.D., Ltd.—4-51.

Burns, Philp & Co. —10-11, 12-8.

Ships: 1-16, 1-28, 3-4, 5-9, 8-21.

Burns Philp (S.S.) Co.—9-71.

CANTON IS.—l-10, 3-32, 5-10.

Caroline Is.—7-21, 8-9, 9-9.

Carpenter, W. R. & Co.—2-72, 3- 4-28, 12-8. Airlines; 10-8.

Carpenter, Sir W. —2-76.

Christmas Is.—s-43, 8-14.

Cocoa.—3-9, 3-16, 4-7, 5-10, 6-11, 7- 7-27, 8-42, 9-9, 10-55.

Cocos Is.—6-8, 8-54, 10-71.

Colonial Sugar Refining Co. — I- 6-38, 8-65.

Contraband Control. —8-32, 9-8.

Cook Islands.—General: 4-25, 4- 4-56, 5-27, 6-39, 8-50, 8-62, 9- 12-22, 12-40. History: 8-46, II- 12-37. Liquor Laws: 3-51, 10- Plane Lost; 1-16, 2-59.

Tomatoes: 1-77. Dr, Jacomb: 3-51.

War News: 4-49. Crime: 4-71.

Tuberculosis: 5-56. Language: 6- 51. Fruit: 8-14, 9-14, 10-74, 11-54, 12-26. Red Cross: 8-52, 12-66.

Paramount Chief: 8-51, 9-32, 10-5, 11- 12-7. Radio: 8-68. Blackbirders: 10-49. R. W. Gosset: 12- Makea Vaine: 12-47. Old Rites: 12-57.

Copra.—2-7, 3-4, 3-6, 3-10, 3-18, 3-26, 3-37, 3-38, 4-7, 5-59, 6-7, 6-10, 6-52, 7-5, 7-51, 8-7, 9-5, 10-6, 11-5, 11-8, 11-32, 12-6, 12-19, 12- 27, 12-56. Crushing; 8-26, 11-19.

Shipping Problems; 5-59, 9-6. Storage: 12-59. Other Uses: 12-60.

DEATHS.—Father Kirschbaum, 1-3; Father Weyer, 1-3; Father Bader, 1-3; W. Schaufhausen, 1-3; Mrs. M. Quintal, 1-5; D. G. Irvine, 1-18; R. Boyd, 1-20; Capt. R. R.

Small, 1-27; Malietoa Tanumafili, I- C. F. Huson, 1-68; T. Andrew, 2-18; M. Doucere, 2-59; J.

G. Nelsson, 2-71; Mrs. Tomlinson, 3-43; F. H. E. Kirchner, 3-52; Mrs.

Page, 4-8; Capt. H. Suffern, 4-41; Capt. C. Wainwright, 4-50; Mrs.

Murray, 4-58; A. Cooper, 5-14; Capt. W. Tait, 5-29; Mile. L. A.

E. Adams, 6-48; W. Southcott, 6- C. E. Parker, 7-16; F. W.

Kruger, 7-40; R. Boyd, 7-40; E.

Dover, 7-49; M. L. de Chappedelaine, 7-59; Mrs. Thurston, 8-4; Sir H. Murray, 8-11; Mrs. Mc- Kenna, 8-18; W. Park, 8-22; A.

Quintal, 8-33; W. E, Links, 10-11; J. Inman, 10-37; W. E. Grose, II- Mrs. Grahamslaw, 11-34; Capt. A. Middenway, 11-46; Miss F. Young, 11-70; W. M. Brander, 12-26; R. W. Gossett, 12-43; Mrs.

A. C. Rowland, 12-59. War Casualties: 11-6, 11-10.

Dutch East Indies. —6-23, 11-9, 12-34.

Dutch N.G.—l-2, 1-7, 6-18, 6-48, 7- 10-7, 10-14, 12-15.

EASTER IS.—7-65, 9-9.

Enderbury Is.—l-10, 3-32.

FlJl.—General; 1-5, 2-51, 3-30, 5-9, 5-22, 5-46, 6-37, 6-43, 6-44, 7-28, 7-42, 7-58, 8-6, 8-28, 8-35, 9- 9-56, 10-55, 11-6, 11-42, 12-19, 12-53. Supreme Court: 1-46.

Radiophone: 11-55. Japanese: 1-4, Rainfall: 10-55. Indians: 1-8, 1-34, 5-56, 8-16, 8-65, 10-20, 11-6. Constitution: 1-15. Dairying: 1-36. Sir H. Luke: 1-67, 3-48, 10-9. Trade: 2-8, 5-29, 5-38. Aviation: 2-9, 5-7.

Fish; 3-43. Buildings: 2-10, 3-22, 5-9, 5-28, 10-60. Gold: 2-58, 5-67, 7-9, 7-11, 11-72. Copra: 3-18, 8-68.

Education: 3-26, 5-44, 11-17. Jehovah’s Witnesses; 3-36. Von Luckner: 3-46. War Broadcast: 3-48.

Tavua: 3-63. Brown & Joske: 4-28. G. Wright: 10-15, 12-37.

Pests: 4-32, 6-33. Agriculture: 4- 6-47, 6-52. Price Fixing: 4-71.

Bananas: 5-7, 7-54. Native Land: 5- Aerodrome; 5-33. Shipbuilding; 5-42, 6-26, 6-35, 7-42, 7-44.

Sugar: 5-47, 5-67. Malaria: 5-48.

Koran Law: 5-56. Petrol: 6-6.

Gales; 6-6. Medical School: 6-9, 10- Timber: 6-20. F. Rebell'. 6- Palolo: 6-32. Defence; 4-29, 6-38, 8-5. E. G. Theodore: 11-20.

Copra; 6-52, 10-6, 12-17. Makogai: 6- Pigs: 6-60. Crime; 7-16.

Kauri Gum: 7-18. “Woodburn”: 7- Taxation: 8-6, 11-7. Town Board: 8-18. Pineapples: 8-51, 8- 11-7. “Kadavulevu” Mishap: 7- Churches: 8-25. Drought: 8- Apolosi: 9-17, 12-70. Missions: 9-18. Shark Fishing: 11-20.

Administration; 9-21. Enlistments: 9- 9-56, 11-10. Opium: 10-5.

Rotuma: 3-44. Workers’ Compensation: 11-14. . Football: 12-29.

Cement Industry: 12-14. Mosquitoes: 12-19.

French Colonies.—l 2-9, 12-48.

GALWAY, Lord.—l-3, 2-7, 2-56, 3-19.

Germany.—Shipping; 4-24, 6-20.

Racial Policy: 7-23. Colonies: 9- \{ Gilbert & Ellice Group.—General; 1-48, 1-57, 4-39, 9-20, 10-16, 10- 10-48, 11-43, 12-19, 12-57.

Sir H. Luke: 1-67. Bishop: 1-41.

Education: 8-50. Health; 11-48.

Gold.—l 2-8.

Guam.—6-42, Guinea Airways Ltd.—9-8, 10-68.

HAWAII.—7-11, 10-5. Japanese: 1-12, 2-24, 5-16, 7-26. Defences: 1-21, 3-40, 8-60.

Hides, Jack.—s-35, 6-21.

Howland Is.—l-10.

IMPERIAL AIRWAYS.—I-5, 2-9, 3- 4-15, 5-7, 7-8, 8-4, 9-10, 10-12.

Indians in Fiji.—l-8, 1-34, 5-56, 8-16, 8-65, 10-20, 11-6.

JAPAN in Pacific.—l-1 1-4, 1-12, 1-48, 2-3, 2-17, 2-32, 3-8, 3-45, 4- 4-34, 4-45, 5-16, 6-17, 6-36, 6-40 7-7, 7-26, 8-3, 8-7, 9-9, 9-18, 10-7, 11-19, 12-7, 12-15, 12-23, 12-69. Poachers: 1-8.

Jarvis Is.—l-10.

Jewish Refugees.—2-53.

Johnston Is.- 1-10, 2-51, 5-33.

Jure Is.—l-10.

KINGMAN’S REEF.—I-10. (Continued Overleaf) 71 Pacific Islands Monthl y~ J uly 15, 1940

LAMBERT, Dr.—ll-49.

Leprosy.—lo-54.

Lever Combine. —3-26.

London in Wartime. —12-61.

Long, D. —1-42, Lord Howe 15.—8.56, 12-19.

Luckner, Von.—3-46, 12-70. “See Adler”: 7-9.

Luke, Sir H.—l-67, 3-48, 10-9.

MALARIA.— I-10, 1-51, 5-48.

Marianas Is. —7-7.

Marshall Is.—B-9 1 , 9-9.

“Maui Pomare”.—3-71, 4-14, 4- 6-16.

McNicoll, Sir W. R.—6-8, 8-6.

Midway Is.—l-10, 1-21, 2-51, 5- Missions & Missionary History,— I- 1-7, 1-40, 1-41, 2-59, 3-43, 3-57, 4-11, 4-39, 4-42, 5-9, 5-27, 6- 6-55, 7-9, 7-26, 7-46, 7-53, 8- 9-18, 9-36, 10-24, 10-31, 11-40, II- 11-70.

Morris, Hedstrom Ltd. —12-8, 12-17.

Mosquitoes.—l-49, 4-67, 12-19.

Murray, Sir H. —5-8, 8-8, 8-11, 9- 9-27, 10-27, 10-45, 11-48.

NATIVE Coinage.—7-61.

Native Medical Practitioners. — 1- 2-61, 6-9, 10-26.

Nauru.—l-39, 7-10, 12-45.

New Caledonia. —General; 5-7, 6-53, 9-10, 10-16, 11-7. Copra; 10- Asiatic Labour; 6-57. Snipping: 1-18, 1-22. Defence; 1-56.

Rebellion; 3-58. Governors; 4-7.

Double Murder; 6-32. Hill Station; 8-6. Hurricanes: 9-10. Radiophone; 11-55. “Percy Edward”: 12-44. Colony’s Future; 12-9, 12-48.

New Guinea. —General; 2-33, 3-24, 4-8, 4-9. 5-6, 5-8, 5-39, 6-16, 6- 7-54, 8-7, 9-65, 10-5, 10-67, 11- 11-14, 11-37, 12-32, 12-47.

Salamaua; 1-43. Aviation; 1-3, 2- 3-15, 3-55, 3-67, 4-64, 5-56, 7- 9-24, 10-8. Amalgamation; 1-4, 2-5, 11-50. Labour Problem; 1-15, 2-33, 2-43, 4-8, 4-31, 5-9, 6-22, 7-48, 8-31, 11-31. Exploration; 1- 6-18, 8-37, 9-37, 10-32, 11-50.

Patrols Attacked; 1-37, 1-66, 2-72, 3- Salamaua-Wau Road: 1-55, 2- 2-73, 4-12, 5-30, 6-8, 6-16, 8-44, 9-7, 10-8, 11-8. Licences: 1-57.

Defences: 2-6, 2-52, 3-24, 4-70, 4- 6-28, 7-59. Insurance; 1-64, 3- Mandate; 2-5, 3-47, 6-7.

Agriculture: 3-25, 7-26, 9-62, 10-18.

Germans: 2-5, 3-61, 4-70, 5-9, 6- 11-6, 12-47. Capital Site; 2- 3-21, 6-16, 7-62. Fires: 2-8.

Chinese; 4-65, 12-17. Workers’

Compensation; 6-42, 7-49, 9-33, 9- Sugar: 6-66, 9-8. Sharks: 7- Cocoa: 3-9, 3-16, 4-7, 7-8, 10- Police: 3-13. Cattle: 11-45.

Central N.G.; 3-25. Mission Plane; 3- 4-50. Labour Discipline: 3-31, 7-31. Rubber; 3-34. Red Cross: 3-35, 12-47, 12-66. N.G.

Association; 3-50. Enemy Aliens; 3-56. Gold Tax: 3-57, 4-7, 4-70, 5- Bishop Vesters: 3-57. “Sharkeye” Park; 8-22, 12-58. Population: 11-43. Tribal Fighting: 2-16, 9-29. Japanese: 2-17, 3-8, 4-34.

Gold Royalty: 2-31. Timber: 2-47, 8- 9-12. Teleradio: 2-53. Rev.

Kirschbaum: 2-60. Oil Search: 2-62. Mrs. Giblin: 2-55. Enlistments; 2-65, 3-24, 3-45, 7-18, 7-35, 7- 7-72, 8-5, 10-14, 10-20, 10-51, 11-7, 12-69. Morobe Pioneers: 2- 12-58. “Friderun”: 4-25.

Finance: 4-40, 9-36. W. E. Grose: 11- Fatal Accident: 4-58. Gold: 4- 5-54, 11-37, 12-9. “Sing- Sings”; 5-15. Woolcott Forbes; 5-65.

Manslaughter: 6-23. Mixed Drinking: 6-29. Radio: 6-34. Tea Growing: 9-16. Aerial Mishaps: 9-24, 9- N. Neal: 6-42. C. E. Parker: 7-16. Rabaul: 7-18, 12-11.

Bird of Paradise: 7-20, 8-28, 9-22, 10- Shipping: 8-7. Price Control: 8-25. Legislative Council; 8- 9-20, 9-71. Taylor Patrol: 8- 9-37, 10-32, 11-50. Administration; 8-52. E. Dover: 7-49.

Pioneers: 8-58, 11-23. Coir; 9-14.

Censorship: 9-67. De Rays Expedition; 9-72. Copra: 10-6, 11-8, 12- 47. Labour Party: 10-47. Early Goldfields: 11-32, 12-58. Native Producers: 11-39. Elliott Memorial; 12- Native Customs: 12-25.

Anthropologist Arrested: 12-54.

N.G. Goldfields Ltd.—6-23, 7-34.

New Hebrides. —General: 1-5, 5- 7-36, 12-7. Pacific Confederation: 10-22. M. Doucere: 2-59.

Bishop: 1-7, 2-68, 6-25. Condominium: 3-14, 3-16, 9-54, 11-16, 12-48. Enlistments: 3-21, 5-49.

Murder: 4-53, 8-6, 10-20. Cocoa; 5-10, 10-55. Tonkinese: 1-33.

Eruption: 5-23, 6-9. “Makambo”: 5-6, 5-43. Hurricane: 6-8, 9-10, 12-8. Sister Neave: 7-9. Food Refused: 8-45. R. D, Blandy; 9-7.

Taxes: 10-17.

“Niagara” Mined.—l 2-7, 12-11, 12-14.

Niue. —3-27, 7-54.

Nock, H.—9-23, Norfolk Is.—l-28, 5-39, 8-28, 11- 12-10, 12-35. Stamps: 7-51.

Trade: 2-30, 7-62.

Nukuhiva “Ideal Colony”.—l-7, 1-22.

OCEAN Is.—2-16, 2-31, 7-10, 7-14.

PACIFIC PRODUCE.—2-5 , 3-4, 3- 3-9, 3-16, 3-29, 4-7, 5-10, 11-8, 11-32.

Pacific Shipping.—l-4, 1-9, 1-16, 2-7, 2-31, 3-5, 4-9, 5-59, 6-56, 8-7, 9- 10-7, 10-12, 12-23. Freights; 2-6, 4-54, 4-76, 11-7.

Pan-American Airways. 1-5, 1- 2-9, 3-7, 4-15, 5-7, 5-10, 6-43. 7- 8-4, 9-10, 10-12, 11-7, 12-10.

Papua.—-General: 1-3, 1-10, 3-64, 4- 4-48, 6-14, 6-51, 7-10, 7-28, 8- 9-8, 9-32, 9-50, 9-55, 10-24, 10- 11-33, 11-44, 12-30, 12-45.

R. Boyd; 1-20. Cattle; 1-42.

Water: 1-4, 1-49, 2-16, 5-7, 6-53, 7-18, 11-17. Amalgamation: 1-4, 2- D. G. Irvine: 1-18. New Vessels: 1-22, 6-39. Wharves: 1-46, 7-20. Japanese: 1-48, 4-59. Lands Office: 1-66. A.P.C. £ld.; 2-6.

Patrols Attacked: 1-67. Defence: 1-78, 2-65, 3-4, 3-42. Medical Service; 1-78. Aviation: 2-7, 3-67.

Cathedral: 2-6, 4-22. Finance: 2- 2-58, 3-69, 10-59, 11-32.

Yodda History; 2-49. G.M. of Papua: 2-53, 2-14, 6-57. Oil’

Search: 2-62, 3-5, 4-44, 5-8, 6-14, 7-10, 9-31, 9-62. Rubber: 2-70, 3- 6-56, 7-16. “Gus” Nelsson; 2-71. Superannuation: 3-34, 8-44, 10- Crime: 3-37, 7-7. “Papuan Chief”: 2-7, 3-41, 5-8, 6-51. Inaccurate Charts: 3-41. Mrs. Tomlinson: 3-43. Enlistments: 3-45, 11- Misima: 8-36. Timber: 3-56.

Liquor: 11-67. Gold Tax: 3-57, 6- Legislative Council: 3-61.

Anthropology; 3-62. G. A. Aumuller, 4-14. Buildings. 4-32, 4-37, 7- Early Goldfields: 4-34, 10-68.

Bond Selling Plan: 4-38. Freights: 4- Copra Fire; 4-71, 6-33, 7-51. Papuans’ Fortitude: 7-47, 10-41. Taxation; 7-58. “Lakatoi”: 7- 10-51, 11-42. New Administrator: 8-7, 9-10, 10-8, 11-9, 12-17, 12- Sir H. Murray: 8-8, 8-11, 9- 10-27, 10-45. Samarai: 8-8.

“Pruth”: 8-59. Administration; 8- 12-28. Cocoa; 10-55. Trade: 9- Litigation: 10-17. J. Inman; 10- Native Control: 5-47, 7-24, 8-69, 9-52. Exploration: 6-23.

Agriculture: 6-24. Soap Making: 6-29. Copra: 6-52, 11-8. History: 6- Rainfall: 11-22. Influenza: 7- 8-19'. Price Control: 7-17.

“Uncontrolled Area”: 7-28. Pioneers: 7-40, 7-52, 9-42, 9-51. Tuberculosis: 12-36. Freak: Coconuts; 12-43. Kila Aerodrome: 12-46. Red Cross: 12-65.

Pidgin English.—l-30.

“P.1.M.”—12-5.

Philately.—2-32, 2-46, 4-15, 4-24, 6-10, 7-51, 12-36.

Phoenix Is.—7-6, 9-20, 12-57.

Pitcairn Island. —2-11, 6-10, 6-12, 12-36.

Polynesians, Origin of. —3-35, 3- 4-51, 6-44, 6-72, 9-9, 11-27.

RADIO.—2-53, 4-21, 4-52, 6-34, 8- 10-26, 11-55, 12-16.

Rubber. —12-7.

SALOTE, Queen. —4-54.

Samoa, Eastern.—2-48, 6-20, 6- 35, 6-50, 7-15, 7-24, 11-38.

Samoa, Western. —General; 1- 20, 1-54, 3-41, 3-44, 6-7, 10-5, 10- 11-7, 11-9, 12-35. Shipping: 9- 11-43. Tobacco Growing: 1- Germans: 2-5, 3-61, 4-61, 5-8, 6- Defence: 1-7, 1-9. Malietoa: 1-29. T. Andrew: 2-18.

Liquor: 2-52, 8-43. Self-Government: 2-29. Population: 11-48.

Cocoa: 3-9, 4-7, 4-14, 8-42, 9-9, 10- History: 2-42, 6-31. Child Murder: 11-22. Finance; 2-51.

Nazi Broadcast: 6-7. Tomatoes: 2- Dr. C. Dawson; 6-14. Customs Tariff: 3-56. “Tutuila”: 7- Bananas: 4-14, 7-54, 10-25, 12-20. Shark Fatality: 4-20.

Euronesians: 7-17, 12-38. Pests; 4- 10-11. Trade; 9-58. Malietoa Title: 4-58, 7-49. W. E. Links; 10-11, 11-18, 12-27. Crime: 4-61, 7-48. New Minister: 9-72. Malietoa’s Tomb: 12-15.

Scientific Expeditions.—4-29.

Shipping Mishaps.—l-18, 1-22, 1-56, 2-7, 3-5, 3-71, 6-28, 7-15, 9-53, 12-14.

Solomon Is.—General: 1-7, 4-11, 5-22, 6-10, 7-29, 9-41, 10-18. S.G.C.

Knibbs: 1-2. Japanese; 1-8. Gold; I- 1-60, 3-67. Pastor Jones: 3- 5-55. W. S. Marchant: 4-7.

Red Cross: 4-35, 6-46, 8-27, 10-52, II- 12-66. Price Control: 5-20.

Ontong Java: 5-52, 6-27. Native Culture: 5-61. Finance: 6-10, 7-29.

Copra: 7-29. Education; 10-28.

Missions: 10-31. Capt. W. Tait: 5- Tikopia: 5-53. Bell Murder; 12-54.

Sunday Is.—l-70, 3-33.

TAHlTl.—General: 1-3, 1-52, 4- 4-25, 5-25, 5-46, 6-15, 6-22, 6- 6-48, 7-21, 7-44, 7-59, 8-27, S'-10, 9-52, 9-60, 10-29, 11-42, 12-20, 12-57. T. S. Adams: 2-49.

Matson Line: 10-7. Small-pox: 1-5, 2-29. Fishing; 10-38. Cercle Bougainville: 1-6. Sport: 1-20.

Cook’s Marae: 10-46, 12-34. Plies; 4-8, 7-7. Administration; 9-21, 9-53. War: 4-21. Rev. McKean’s Death: 7-46. Papeete: 4-33. Firewalking: 10-31. Trees: 4-44, 6-66.

Bora Bora: 6-58. Capt. E. Wainwright: 4-50. New Club: 4-55.

Language: 9-41. Mosquitoes: 4-67.

Trade: 9-9, 11-8. History; 4-71, 9- First Ships: 5-37. Submarine; 6-24. Dogs: 8-49. “Vaite”

Wrecked: 6-28. “Funk-Hole”; 6-49. Pre-Polynesians: 8-69. W.

M. Brander: 12-26. Hurricanes: 12-38. Salmon Family: 12-39.

Scientific Research: 12-42, Teva Clan: 12-44. Colony’s Future: 12-9, 12-48. Mrs. A. C. Rowland: 12-59.

Taro.—B-44.

Thursday Is. —9-43.

Tokelaus Is.—9-59.

Tonga.—General: 1-3, 1-8, 1-15, 1- 3-15, 4-24, 6-45, 7-22, 7-45, 9’-14, 9-33, 10-5, 10-59, 11-28, 12-22. Govt. Policy: 5-50. Defence: 3- 6-10, 10-29. Prince Tuboutoa; 9-56. Japanese: 1-4, 2-17, 6- 10-7. Embezzlement; 1-6, 1-24, 2- 6-27. “Hifofua”: 1-36, 9-17.

Crime; 1-44, 12-18. Finance: 1-49, 2-6. “Tin-Can Mail”: 2-43. Cutter Wrecked: 9-53. Natives Drown: 2- 8-59. Price Control: 5-20.

Lord Galway: 2-56, 3-19. Whale Meat: 3-8. History: 3-70. Salaries: 4- Trade: 10-52. Sport: 4-33.

Fishing: 4-49. Tuberculosis: 5-56.

Queen Salote. 4-54. Whale Oil: 4- Aviation; 5-7. Bananas: 7- 12-53. Judge Stuart: 12-27.

Torres Strait Is. —3-13, 3-20, 3- 5-28, 9-43.

UNILEVER Ltd.—7-5, 10-6.

U.S.A. & Pacific.—lo-3, 10-5, 11- WAKE Is.—l-10, 2-51.

Whale 0i1.—4-21, 4-59, 8-74, 10- Williams, Rev. J. —4-42.

YACHTS Cruising in Pacific.— 5- 7-32. “Ahto”: 1-7. “Lands End”: 1-56, 2-28. “Banty”: 3-19.

“Reine-d’Arvor”; 4-14. “Volita”; 4- “Otter”: 6-46. “New Golden Hind”: 6-47, 12-69. “Satanella”: 8- “Director”: 12-6. “Waiparu”: 12- Canoes: 1-10, 1-41.

Newly elected members of the Pacific Islands Society in Sydney include; Mr.

R. Page, of Wesley College, University of Sydney (whose home is in New Guinea); Mr. H. C. Monckton (formerly of Fiji); Mr. J. Van Holst Pellekaan, Netherlands Trade Commissioner in Australia; Mr. J. J. Ragg (formerly of Fiji); Mr. W. H. Swan ton, of Melbourne; Mr.

Stuart E. Furley, of Sydney; and Dr.

Colin C. Simson, of Sydney.

Mr. J. C. Mullaly, a well-known planter of New Guinea, who for several years has taken a prominent part in public affairs there, has been elected president of the Planters’ Association of New Guinea, in place of the late Hon. W. E. Grose, whose death was announced in the last issue of this journal.

Mr. J, Pike, who was in the U.S.S. Co.’s Suva office from 1924 to 1934, died in Melbourne in June, aged 43.

Mr. Gregor MacDonald, one of the early residents of the New Guinea goldfields, died at Salamaua on June 21. Since 1926, Mr. MacDonald had been engaged in business in Salamaua' as a trader, recruiter, and general agent. Prior to that he was in the service of the New Guinea Administration.

A Fijian, Maciu Lapina, of Kadavu, was killed in an accident at Loloma mine, Tavua, on June 17. 72 July 15, 1940—Pacific Islands Monthly AUGUST, 1939, TO JULY, 1940, INCLUSIVE [First numeral indicates number of issue, and second numeral gives the page.] Index to Vol. X. — (Continued) Puolished by Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney. (Telephone: BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed in Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co., Pty., Ltd., 29 Alberta St.. Sydney. (Telephone; MA7101).

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