PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly Vol. X. No. 2.

September 15, 1939 [Registered at the /or. transmission by post as a newspaper.] 8 d

Britain'S Last Word To The German Bully

This remarkable snapshot shows the British (Sir Nevile Henderson) talking emphatically to Herr Hitler in Berlin, In the critical days of August.

W. R Carpenter Airlines N 0^ r ICB WEE^

Sydney -Papua—New Guinea

Announcement In pursuance cf their policy ol SERVICE. W.R.C.

Airlines have installed a second plane on the Sydney-Salamaua route—making possible a BI- WEEKLY aerial service to the Territories. It is hoped that all those to whom this airline brings its many advantages, will by their support, justify the augmentation, and so assure a continuance of the improved service.

TRAVEL BY AIR THE SUNSHINE ROUTE.

Save days in time, and enjoy in comfort, one of the world’s most Beautiful Scenic Flights—a myriad of Islands —the grandeur of the Great Barrier Reef.

PARCELS AND PACKETS—MINIMUM FREIGHT 5/.

Do you realise that in many instances it Costs Less to send parcels by AIR? Save money, time, handling and packing.

The Planes Leave Sydney Twice Each Week for Papua and the Mandated Territory. Timetable Information may be obtained from the following W.R.C. agents:— SYDNEY: Macdonald, Hamilton £r Co.

Howard Smith Ltd PAPUA: Burns Philp & Co Ltd.

Ltd NEW GUINEA: Carpenter & Co.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

W. R. C. Shipping Line

The first Direct and Regular Cargo and Passenger Service between Europe and Pacific Islands norts was established by W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

One Modern Steamer tS.S Suva, 9,000 tons] and iwc Modern Motor Vessels (M.V. Rabaul, 9,000 tons, and M.V.

Salamaua, 9.000 tons I are now carrying on a Regular Freight and Passenger Service between European and Pacific Islands Ports.

Comfortable accommodation for a limited number of saloon passengers, at special rates: early application for berths is recommended.

Details of Freight Rates. Passenger Fares, Time Tables, etc., supplied on application at any of our Branches.

Maximum Protection

Minimum Ra Tes

By the All-Australian Company

Southern Pacific

INSURANCE CO. LTD.

Largest Australian non-tariff company in operation Head Office: 19-21 O'Connell St.. Sydney.

Agencies throughout the Territory.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd.

Merchants and Shipowners.

AGENTS for Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise Complete Range of all Stocks Carried Head Office: 19-21 O’CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain), KAVIENG (New Ireland), MADANG. SALAMAUA WAU (New Guinea).

TULAGI <Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands; and in LONDON Buyers and Shippers of: Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce.

Pacific Islands Mont hi y—S eptember 15, 1939

THE KPM SOUTH PACIFIC LINE it Links the East with the South Pacific Islands, New Zealand & Australia KPM

South Pacific Line

Royal Packet Navigation Co.

Ltd., Paketvaart House, 255 George Street, Sydney. (N. V. Koninklijke Faketvaart MaatschappiJ—lncorporated in the Netherlands).

The track routes of the K.P.M.-South Pacific Line new motor vessel "Maetsuycker" and the well-known passenger steamer "Tasman" are each as follows: "MAET- SUYCKER": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Samarai, Salamaua, Rabaul, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon. "TASMAN": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Port Vila, Noumea, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon.

Saigon, Diethelm & Co.: Port Moresby and Samarai, Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.: Rabaul and Salamaua. W. R.

Carpenter & Co. Ltd.: Port Vila. Oubbay Freres: Noumea, Carlo Leoni; Auckland, Russell & Somers Ltd.: Wellington, Johnston Sc Co. Ltd.

Pacific Islands Travellers

PER “NIAGARA” TO SUVA, FIJI: Messrs.

Bailey, Sheedy, Buxton, Benjamin, Davis, Kestever, Nelson, Patel. Mesdames Beattie, Parks, Buxton, Benjamin, Patel, Whysall.

Misses Milne, Haby, Yonge.

PER “MONOWAT’ FROM SUVA, FIJI; Messrs.

Nicholson, Stewart, Eisenmenger, Henderson, Martin, Waddy. Mesdames Eisenmenger, Henderson, May, Pennefather, Waddy, Levy. Nicholson. Misses Nicholson, Benstead, May.

PER “BULOLO” FOR N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs. Archibald, Mather, Francis, Wood, Horne, Rodd, Moody, Merchant, McMillan, Penfold, Preece, Johnston, Cruickshank, Primrose, Bunting, Stewart, Laurie-Rhodes, Dwyer, Gazzard, Macgregor (2), Pincombe, Strong, Law, Mobbs, Tully, Fleming, Boyce, Bridges, Kiesey, Burns, Millard, Griggs, Vandenbergh, Norman, Rawnsley Lambdon, Bingeman, Mclntyre, Topal, Kennedy, Corlass, Maggs, Simcocks, Kirsten, Black, Gay, Reid, Fitton, Chambers, Haughton, Rundnagel, Richardson, Leslie, de Martini, Ireland, Bradley, Ryan, Sir G. Shirtcliffe, Rev.

Gordon, Rev. Brookes. Mesdames Arblaster, Morgan, Paul, Rodd, Moody, Budd, Bradley. Mc- Millan, Townsend, Penfold, Arthur, Dobinson, Primrose, Schubach, Evans, McLennon, Ssllen, Drayson, Skinner, Harper, Gazzard, Coleman, Veitch, Strong, Turner, Walshe, Wright, Mobbs, Fleming, Kiesey, Burns, Millard, Weaver, Reynolds. Bridges, Griggs, Vandenbergh, Jones, Rawnsley, Forman, Evans, Brookes, Gordon, Murray, Sandow, Johnston, Kennedy, Chapman, Moore, Sergeyeff, Matron Davis, Lady Shirtcliffe. Misses Cooper, Taylor, Higgins, Arthur.

Bull, Newell, Low. Carmichael, Somerville, Aiken, Sterling, Gallagher, Turner, Primrose, Whelan. Pitty, Green, Wilson, Millard (2» Weaver, Bridges. Reynolds, Jenkinson, Nettlejohn, Dalziell, Stevens, Cox, Broadley, Dobinson.

PER “MACDHUI”* FROM PAPUA & N.G.: Messrs. Abbott. Ashton, Bevan, Brown, Bown.

Bachegger, Buik, Burden, Burfoot, Castle, Clayton, Cook, Coomber, Cowley, Dean (3), Dene Ford, Grunter, Hallam, Hargraves, Hayes, Herring, Horan, Keary, Kirschner, Knee, Maguire.

Mayne, Miller. Peters, Price, Prosper, Read, Robson Wayne. Rose, Selwood, Shorter, Smith (2). Spagnola, Sprang, Talty, Thompson, Twist, Winterford, Whale. Mesdames Clayton,. Cook, Dean (2».

Dixon, Ford, Giblin, Gray, Hallam, Hosking, Kimpton. Moffatt, Moore, Niebuke, Scheps, Tubb, Smith, Tink, Twist. Tyson, Wayne. Misses Busby, Charles, Flemnig, Hayes, Kimpton (2).

Kirby. Meagher (2), Meredeth, Milson, Niebuke, Parson, Preston.

PER “MACDHUI" FOR PAPUA & N.G.: Messrs. Peacock, Rae, Gemmell, Haupton, Shanahan, Moore, Sutton, Cameron, Bundy, Dishon, Haigh, Campbell (2), Cadden, Evans, Feldt, Stewart, Bannister, McCarthy, O’Donnell, Rye, Whitehouse, Bronner, Adams, Wallin, Russell, Byrne, Melrose, McMahon, Ryan, Robertson, Neilsen, Ranie, Dutton, Long, Robertson, Mc- Leod, Ormond, Freyberg, Schuler, Siemers, Ison, Hansen, Wright, Chambers, Clarke, Thompson, Howard, Drewe, McLeod, Michell, Scullard, Ince, Butler, Abbott, Cox, Neale, Wright, Anderson, Martin, Hafermann, Christian, Grant. Mesdames Sutton, Cameron, Targett, Bundy, Cadden, Campbell (2), Evans, Feldt, Heinicke, Terry, Wiles, Olson, Field, Bennett, Bronner, Byrne, Russell, Fitton, Ryan, Ranie, Ray, Parry, Sullivan, Ormond, Chambers, Clarke.

Thompson. Misses Hayes, Kirby, Niebuhr, Coltheart. McKearnan, Hanlon, Blanchard, Elliott, Swift, Inkster, Rev. Sisters Helene, Tarsitiev.

PER “MAETSUYCKER” TO PT. MORESBY.

PAPUA: Messrs. Bradley. Jackson, Wills.

PER “NELLORE” PROM RABAUL, N.G.: Messrs. Bayne, Bignell, McFadyen, Froggatt, Brown, Carpenter, Honold, Burness, Coldham; Major Ayris. Mesdames Carpenter, Willmott, Stehr. Misses Young, Martin, Miller.

(Continued On Page 76)

1 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD.

GENERAL MERCHANTS mu m: ill in in Ml I SHIPOWNERS

Tourist Agents

Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney—Australia Code Address: "Burphil"

Buyers Of All Classes Of Island Produce

Regular Steamer Services from Australia to New Guinea Papua Solomon Is.—Lord Howe Is. —Norfolk Is.—New Hebrides —Java and Singapore ADVERTISERS Page.

Amalgamated Wireless (A/sia) Ltd. 30 Angus & Coote Ltd. 15 Arnott’s Biscuits . 38 Atkins, Ltd., W. . 45 “Ausoline” .... 62 Baker Ltd., W. Jno. 47 B.A.L.M. Ltd. ... 46 Bank of N.S.W. . . 69 Berger’s Paints . . 40 “Bernly” Guest House 72 “Bidomak” .... 23 Blau (Aust.) Robt. 54 Broomfields Ltd. . 62 Brown & Co. Ltd.

G 10 Brunton’s Flour . 37 Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd 2 B.P. Magazine . . 47 B.P. (S.S.) Co. . . 61 Burns Philp Trust Co. Ltd 69 Buzacott-Wolseley . 43 Carlton & United Breweries, Ltd. . 27 Carpenter, Ltd., W. R. . . . cov. 2 Chapman & Sherack 58 Chivers & Sons Ltd. 34 “Cinnamolia” Preparations .... 28 Coleman Lamp & Stove Co. . . 31, 65 Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. . . 53 Coral Starch ... 35 Cosmolpolitan Hotel 76 Crossle, Duff & Macintosh, Ltd. . 63 “Cystex” 58 Danks & Son, Ltd. 65 Dewar’s Whisky . . 49 Diesel Engineering College 64 Doan’s Pills ... 62 Donaghy & Sons Ltd 70 Donald, Ltd., A. B. 50 Page.

Eaton, Ltd., J. W. 41 Electrolux Refrigerators . . 26 Eno’s Fruit Salt . 70 Excelsior Supply Co. Ltd 28 Fairbanks - Morse, Ltd 75 Fletcher & Sons . . 42 Foster Clark Ltd. . 57 Fryer, A. C 74 Garden Vatle Products, Ltd. ... 70 Garrett & Davidson 63 Gillespie’s Flour 35 Gowing Bros. Ltd. 19 Grace Bros. Ltd. . 48 Grand Pacific Hotel 51 Grove & Son, W. H. 32 Guinea Airways, Ltd cov. 3 Guinness’ Stout . . 44 Hardy’s Indigestion Remedy .... 18 Harvey, C. S. . . 67 Holbrook’s, Ltd. . . 37 Horlick’s Malted Milk 17 Horne, W. & Co. . 50 Hotel Moresby . . 76 1.C.1.A.N.Z. Ltd. . . 60 Intercontinental Airways .... 13 Jones & Co. Ltd. H. 14 King’s School, The . 24 Kodak (A/sia) Pty.

Ltd 12 Kolynos Dental Cream 29 Kopsen & Co. Ltd. 22 Kork-N-Seal, Ltd. . 34 Koyong Boarding School 38 Lapstone Hotel . . 72 Levenson’s Radio . 66 Lloyd & Co. Ltd. , 11 Lustre Hosiery, Ltd 55 Macdonald Hamilton & Co 19 “Majora” Speed Enamel .... 56 Mcllrath's, Ltd. . . 16 Maxw'ell Porter Ltd. 41 “Meridan” School . 13 Merrillees & Co. . 71 Miller & Co. Pty.

Ltd 74 Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd 52 Motor Tractors Pty.

Ltd 61 Nelson & Robertson, Ltd 63 Nestles Milk ... 39 Newlands Bros. Ltd. 25 Newmarket Saddlery 60 Noyes Bros. Ltd. . 46 Pabst Canned Beer 16 Pacific Is. Club . .76 Papua Hotel, The . 76 Pike Bros. Ltd. . . 73 Positions Wanted 56-68 Prescott Ltd. ... 36 Property For Sale . 71 Prouds Ltd 11 Ransome, Sims & Jeffries Ltd. ... 52 Reed, William E. . 20 Riverstone Meat Co. 18 Rohu, Sil . . • .60 Royal Packet Co. . 1 Schwabach, A.F.W. 68 Scott’s Emulsion . 9 Scott, Ltd., J. . .68 Slade’s Radio . . 67 Smyth Pty. Ltd., J. H 68 Springwood, L. Col. 54 Steamships Trading Co. Ltd 42 Sterling Varnish Co. 9 St. Ignatius College 73 ‘ Sunripe” Cigarettes 47 Sullivan Ltd., C. . 35 Swallow & Ariell . 36 Taylor & Co., A. . 74 “Tenax” Soap . . 71 Tillock & Co. Ltd. 56 Toohiey’s Ltd. ... 20 Tooth & Co. . cov. 4 Vincent’s A.P.C. . . 33 Warburton, Franki, Ltd 59 West, Harry .... 76 Weymark & Son . 34 Wills Ltd., W.D. & H.O 33 Wright & Co. Ltd.

E 41 Wunderlich, Ltd. . . 41 Yorkshire Insurance Co 74 Contents Pacific Islands Travellers 1, 76 How Long will this Hitler War Last? 3 Islands Trade Boom Expected .... 5 Amalgamation Committee’s Report . 5 Treatment of Germans in Pacific . 5 Effect of War on New Guinea .. 5 Tonga's Queer Finances 6 Defence of Islands Territories .... 6 Pacific Shipping Affected by War .. 7 “Papuan Chief” on Reef 7 Copra Market Disorganised 7 Fiji’s Trade Figures 8 Fire Destroys Big Rabaul Store .... 8 Trans-Pacific Airmail Inaugurated . 9 Tropicalities 11 About Islands People 13 Japanese Scared by H.M.S. “Achilles” 17 Death of Mr. T. Andrew, of Samoa . 18 Sidelights in Papua and N. Guinea 19, 57 Japanese in Hawaii 24 New Electoral Law in Samoa 29 Wau’s Great Gold Discovery 30 Discontent and Hopelessness in Mandated Territory of New Guinea . 33 Papua’s Balanced Budget 43 Old Diary Describes Samoa of 150 Years Ago 44 New Timber Enterprises in N.G. .. 47 Late Mr. T. S. Adams, of Tahiti .. 48 Memories of the Yodda Goldfield (Papua) 49 Tongan Finance Minister Resigns .. 50 New U.S. Bases in North Pacific .. 51 Archaic Liquor Law in Samoa .... 52 Gold Mines of Papua Ltd. Close Down 53 Adventurous Life of Mrs. W. E. Giblin 55 The Philippines—U.S.A. or Japan? .. 58 Bishop Doucere’s 50 Years of Mission Work in New Hebrides 59 Tributes to Late Father Kirschbaum 60 Natives as Medical Men 61 Eager Search for Oil in Melanesia . 62 Islands Mining News 63 Early Explorers in Morobe, T.N.G. .. 65 Short Wave Radio Programmes .... 67 Copra and Rubber Quotations .... 68 Islands Produce Prices 69 South Seas Exchange Rates 70 “Gus” Nelsson Passes On 71 Carpenter & Co.’s Annual Report .. 72 The Salamaua-Wau Road 73 Shipping Services in the Pacific .. 74 2 September 15, 193 9-Pacific Islands Monthly

Pacific Islands Monthly [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Colony of Fiji.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands. , British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

French Colony of New Caledonia.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Mariana Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

TKT i-’PHOMTr ( Managing Director .. BW 5037 i | Business and Editorial MA 7101 P O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables: •‘Pacpub”, Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS.

Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are Invited and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

SUBSCRIPTION BATES.

Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Pcr Annum, elsewhere, prepaid, Post Free . 10/- Single Copies Bd.

Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON, P.R.G.S.

Assisted by Selwyn Hughes.

Advertising Manager: L. W. Bailey.

Advertising Office and Printing-House: 29 Alberta St., Sydney.

Advertising rates furnished on application.

Colours, etc by Arrangement.

Process Blocks made at Advertiser’s expense when required. Screen 90.

Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by Ist of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

IN LONDON, the Pacific Islands Monthly is on sale at the Bookstall, Australia House, The Strand, London.

AGENTS.

The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly;— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Samarai, Papua.

Steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches.

B.N.G. Trading Co., Ltd., Port Moresby.

J. Muir, Suva, Fiji.

N. C. Mackenzie-Hunt, Wainunu, Bua, Fiji.

Islands Branches and Representatives of W. H.

Grove & Spns, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

A. C. Rowland, Papeete, Tahiti.

Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation House, 4 Lloyds Avenue, Loudon, E.C.3, from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. X. No. 2.

SEPTEMBER 15, 1939.

Prir#> f Bd ' Per c °Py rntc Prepaid: 8/- p.a.

How Long Will This Hitler War Last?

A MONTH ago, after years of arguments, excursions and alarms, Britain and France were prepared to fight Germany, Italy and Japan; and it was expected that Russia would support the democracies. To-day.

Britain and France are at war with Germany; Russia has made a friendly Pact with Germany; and Italy and Japan are neutral. It is one of the most rapid and astonishing international re-alignments in history.

It seems that Hitler, having decided to attack Poland, had to choose between a war in which Italy and Japan would be his allies, and in which, with Russia as a possible enemy, he would be cut off from essential supplies; or a war in which Germany would fight alone, but with Russia’s unlimited resources in foodstuffs, oil and materials available to her. He chose the latter course and, to the amazement of the world, made a Pact with Russia, the nation he had abused and threatened for 15 years. The Berlin-Rome-Tokio Axis —in fact, the Nazi regime itself— was based on hostility to the Communist republic.

A war between the democracies and a German-Italian-Japanese combination would have dislocated world commerce and demoralised international relationships. We in the Pacific would have met perils and terrors, innumerable and indescribable. But the present war, if it does not spread to other nations, will not greatly disturb present-day conditions. In fact, it may permit much freer trade than we have known for some years.

IT would be lunacy to underestimate the task before the Allies, however. Hitler calculates that, by the time winter closes down, Poland will be broken and conquered: that Russia will leave his eastern frontier alone; and that his armies can hold the Siegfried Line (or West Wall) against France and Britain, indefinitely. Already, the Poles have lost the eastern half of their country, in which are their essential coalmines and metal industries.

The Franco-German frontier (Belgium to Switzerland) is less than half the length of the 1914-18 western front. There, the Maginot Line (French) confronts the Siegfried Line (German) and both are considered impregnable. Perhaps either may be broken—but at an inconceivable cost of men and munitions. We can expect heavy fighting, but no decision, on the western front.

The Allies are completely dominant on the sea. German merchant ships have disappeared—not a ton of seaborne goods can reach Germany, through the North Sea. But Germany can get essential supplies through the Baltic, from Scandinavia; from Russia, across her eastern frontier; and from Hungary, Roumania; Jugoslavia and Italy. In that fqfd i« stronger Lnan 111 When war commenced, over 40 large German submarines already were at sea; and. up to this date, they llave sunk 14 Allied ships, aggre- Siting over 84,000 tons, it is hoped t,hat this condition will not last long; Alll . ed n . avies are „ hl * nta , l ,B dow " the submarines, methodically, and witil a new and deadl Y technique.

Britain and France were so well prepared that they had reached, two days after war broke out, a stage which they had not reached two years after the outbreak of war in 1914. This aroused an optimistic belief that this war will soon be over.

But consider the facts. Germany, a nation now of 80,000,000 people, “l °“ Imes-strong orfence aAd d saw fice d ’ hei^are ana sacrmce - °P en t 0 her are > as enumerated > sources of abundant “WJJJf-„ n J he Allies have great airr ! ies and navies, magnificently equipped. But how can they deal a crippling blow to Germany, provided Germany is content to fight on her own frontiers? Unless the German morale cracks, or unless there is produced some new and devastating weapon or technique, Germany, for years, can repel the strongest forces that the Allies can bring against her.

DESPITE the lessons of the Spanish and Sino-Japanese wars, it was thought that air fleets would be a major factor in this new European war, and that the great cities of each country would be mercilessly bombed immediately hostilities commenced.

Instead, ten days have passed without either Germany, France or Britain dropping one bomb upon the other’s undefended territory. There apparently is a general understanding that each will hold off unnecessary bombing of civilians, as long as the other does. Great aerial operations and air battles are inevitable: but there is nothing yet to show that aeroplanes will materially affect the course of this war.

ALL this, apparently, indicates that the German leaders planned their moves, for a long way ahead, with thoroughness. We are inclined to congratulate ourselves because Italy is neutral. May it not be that Germany is so confident that she can handle whatever military situation may arise that she insisted on Italian neutrality? Which is more valuable to Germany—a peaceful, industrious Italy, supplying food and munitions to Germany, or a distracted, war-torn Italy, taking frightful punishment upon her exposed coasts from the dominant Anglo- French fleets?

The Allies would be fools, indeed, if they imagine that Italy is neutral because she loves them. Italy will be found ranged beside Germany, confidently anticipating her reward, if the day ever should come when Hitler can present peace terms to the Allies.

THEREFORE, let there be no illusions. There can be no victory for the Allies without a long war of attrition—a war in which every ounce of material and spiritual strength will be demanded. With Poland almost eliminated, and Russia held in a Pact, Germany’s long frontiers appear to be completely protected, except for the 200 miles covered by the Siegfried Line. There she will stand, her foot upon the necks of Poland and Czecho-Slovakia; and she will bargain with the Allies, and release upon the world a terrific flood of propaganda.

The Allies have a plan, no doubt; but it is difficult to see what they can do, except prepare for long years of war conditions, of ceaseless hammering at the western front, and of endless propaganda, designed to show that the war is directed against Hitler and Nazi-ism, and not against the German people. The most remarkable thing, to date, is the complete, unanimous belief of the British and French people in the justice of their cause, and the quiet, grim way in which they have marched to war.

Without a murmur, they have undertaken the job of destroying Hitlerism, and putting an end finally to faithlessness and duplicity in international relations. For years, civilisation has been living uneasily in the shadow of war. The democracies should have ended it in 1918. This time, they will make no mistake. But there has been not one word of hatred against the German people; not once have we heard the term “Hun” used. Contrast that with 1914!

We cannot guess how or when the Allies will be successful; but at present it appears certain that the war cannot end until Hitlerism has been destroyed. Then, the nations can sit down at a conference table, deal with past and present international injustices, and make a new and a safer world, based on the sanctity of treaties and mutual trust in men’s promises. There can be no such thing so long as so foul a growth as Nazi-ism can shape international relationships, (GERMANY, having over-run Poland. * will stand and bargain. Failing in that, she may direct, in the summer of 1940, some terrific blows against Britain and France, hoping thus to weaken their “will to war”.

After that—assuming she fails again —we may look for some weakening in the morale of the German people. By then, they may be ready to listen to the Allies’ assurances that the destruction of Hitlerism will mean a peace conference and no punitive terms for Germany.

The Allies must recognise that the 1919 creation (the Versailles Treaty) of their mad-headed politicians was responsible for the Hitler monstrosity; and that they (the Allies) now are paying, in this war, the price of that post-war crime. The pity of it is that it is the blameless lads of this generation who are bleeding and suffering. instead of the old Lloyd Georges, and Clemenceaus and Billy Hugheses who were responsible for the 1919 lunacy at Versailles. ♦ * * AND what of Japan? It is there that we find the most extraordinary development of this strange war. A month ago, all British and French communities in the Pacific and Indian Oceans were preparing to fight the Japanese. There seemed no escape from it. The more deeply Britain became involved in Europe, the greater became the Japanese pressure upon British interests in the north-west Pacific. The Japanese, no less than we, believed that, when Britain went to war with Germany, Japan would have her way with our trade and our territories in southeast Asia and the Pacific. We were ready to fight: and we had no illusions about what we were faced with.

That was on August 2L Within 24 hours, the miracle happened. If the Russo-German Pact surprised Britain, it simply stunned Japan. She had had some understanding with Germany—that is perfectly clear, because when the Pact between Germany and Japan’s ancient, hereditary and implacable foe was announced, Japan said frankly that she had been “betrayed”. Immediately thereafter, Japan’s militaristic, pro-Nazi Government resigned. A more moderate Administration took charge, and announced a re-arrangement of foreign relations, including a more friendly attitude towards Britain.

Japan now is isolated, and keenly is watching world developments, so that her own interests may be advanced.

She definitely is neutral—much more so than Italy—but she will play for her own hand, “in glorious isolation”.

Let it not be thought that the possibility of Japanese aggression is gone from the Pacific. The imminent danger is gone, for the moment, but the menace remains. Japan must expand, or perish.

BUT there now is a God-given opportunity to re-establish friendly relations with Japan, and British statesmen dare not neglect it. Instead of fighting Japan, it now should be possible to meet her in conference, recognise frankly her vital national needs, and agree that provision for her trade and territorial requirements shall be part of the permanent international settlement for which the Allies now are fighting.

We may not forget the brutality of Japan’s attack on China, nor the nature of her 1939 campaign against Britain. But neither can we forget that Japan is an over-crowded, proud and aggressive nation of 90,000,000 people, who must be fed partly from overseas, and that therefore Japan must have overseas markets and larger territories.

The Allies now are fighting in a cause entirely just. They are fighting for the destruction of Hitlerism— which means freedom to re-arrange international affairs upon a sounder basis and with better guarantees than hitherto have been possible. That rearrangement must provide for the vital needs of all nations, including Japan, Italy and Germany herself.

This may be humanity’s last chance to establish world conditions upon a basis of sanity and justice. The alternatives are too awful to contemplate. One is a Pacific-wide war of extermination, between Europeans and Asiatics. A little wisdom and tolerance, now, on the part of Europeans and Japanese, may permanently remove the possibility of that horror.

Here in the Pacific, in the most unexpected manner, we have been removed from the immediate shadow of war. Few realise how terribly close was the holocaust. The least we can do, now, is to use the providentially-given opportunity to review the whole situation, and seek a way to permanent peace.

Otherwise, we merely shall move from a crisis in Europe to a crisis in the Pacific. Thousands of educated Japanese believe an Anglo-Japanese war is inevitable. A month ago it seemed inevitable. It is not, now. 4 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Owing to unusual demands upon our space, created by the war situation, a number of articles, paragraphs, etc. — publication of which had been promised in September—have been held over until the October issue.

Trade Boom"

EXPECTED Probable Effect on Pacific AT the moment of going to press the commercial outlook for the Pacific territories is reassuring.

The war, contrary to expectations held a few weeks ago, has not dislocated our sea-borne trade and there is free shipment of goods to all parts of the world.

This will remain the case, so long as Japan and Italy are neutral.

Commodity values are rising rapidly.

On September 14, for example, Sydney trochus shell prices had risen by £4/10/per ton and holders were not selling at £BO. As explained elsewhere, the copra market is nominal, but the undertone is confident —it is believed that as soon as the market is re-established copra will rise sharply.

As soon as war broke out, the value of gold began to rise. This has correspondingly raised the value of shares of all Islands gold-mining companies.

There is a healthy undertone in other commodities, such as coffee, rubber, etc.

Shrewd judges in Australia anticipate a boom. This belief is reflected in rapidly rising share values on the Stock Exchanges.

No Amalgamation

Committee in Favour of Some Co-ordination of Services THE nature of the report, submitted to the Australian Government by the Committee which considered the possible amalgamation of the Mandated Territory of New Guinea and the Australian territory of Papua, was disclosed on September 12. The summaries which the daily newspapers published—as is usual in connection with Islands affairs —were garbled.

The Committee, as was expected, rejected the idea of amalgamation because so many difficulties now exist owing to differences in laws, in administrative methods and conditions and in widely different financial conditions, and because it is impossible, anyway, to reconcile the Mandate conditions with Papuan conditions.

The report says that of all the sites submitted for New Guinea administration headquarters, as an alternative to Rabaul, Lae has the strongest claims. It has no harbour, but has a good anchorage; and it has all other necessary facilities, and none of the disadvantages possessed bv Madang (country low, flat and swampy), Salamaua (too low, and necessary to reclaim swamp), Wau and Upper Ramu (building and living costs high owing to absence of communications), Bita Paka and Tavui (to be considered only as residential centres, if capital remains at Rabaul).

The Committee was unanimous on the following points; That general amalgamation is neither desirable nor practicable; that a federated system (namely, a Governor with authority over both territories, and the two temtories retaining practically separate administrations) had no advantage* that a unified service would have no outstanding advantage, and whatever minor advantages it might have would be cancelled because of the difficulties such a system would create.

A majority of the Committee (Messrs.

Eggleston and Townsend) were of the opinion that some amalgamation of technical services would be worthy of consideration; Mr. Murray was against this view.

The Committee considered that greater co-ordination of the two Administrations, with advantage to both and to Australia, was possible and could be secured by regular conferences between the Adminitrators on a voluntary basis.

German Nationals

Treatment in New Guinea and Samoa GERMAN subjects, in Australia, New Zealand and Brirish Pacific territories, are being treated as kindly as is possible, in the circumstances.

In Australia, a considerable number have been interned. These are people whom the intelligence services described as active Nazis, or generally hostile to the democracies. Other German nationals, who are not regarded as hostile, have been placed on parole, and not interned.

The parole system, has been adopted generally in the former German colonies of New Guinea and Western Samoa.

By a “Gazette” published on September 4. the Administrator of New Guinea ordered all German nationals to register forthwith; to refrain from communicating with the enemy; and to remain in their own homes between sundown and sunrise. German business men, traders, etc., are being allowed to carry on. Only special cases are being dealt with specially. There are 472 Germans in New Guinea (412 Missionaries).

British and Germans have lived together on friendly terms in New Guinea and Samoa during many years, and the British naturally are unwilling to impose hardships upon the Germans, if that is unnecessary. War has been declared upon Nazi-ism, rather than upon Germans.

Effect of War On New Guinea Many Plans Must Now Await Post-War Decisions JT is expected that the outbreak of war will directly affect the following matters of general interest to residents of Papua and New Guinea:

The New Guinea Mandate

IT is early, yet, to forecast the end of the war and the character of the peace conference; but—unless Britain is completely defeated—it may be taken as certain that the present Mandate system will be revised, and that the decision which then will be made will directly affect the future of the present mandated territories of New Guinea and Western Samoa.

It may be expected that New Guinea will be converted from a mandated territory subject to League of Nations control to a territory of Australia. No other system will be satisfactory to Australia, in view of the vital importance of New Guinea in the Australian scheme of defence.

AMALGAMATION IT is known that the report of the Federal Committee, set up to inquire into the question of introducing some measure of amalgamation between the administrations of Papua and New Guinea was submitted to the Australian Commonwealth Government on September 5.

Its character is briefly indicated elsewhere. It opposes amalgamation and recommends Lae as capital.

In view of the war development, however, and in view of the certainty of a revision of the New Guinea system of government at the end of the war, it is expected that no further steps will be taken in relation to administration before the end of the war.

It may be expected that the respective administrations of New Guinea and Papua will now merely stand fast and carry on. without any notable change other than that indicated by the need for economy.

Future Capital Of New Guinea

A DECISION regarding the future administrative centre of New Guinea has been held up, pending investigation and report by the Amalgamation Committee. But, as it is not now practicable to consider amalgamation, in view of wartime developments, it is likely that no action will be taken in regard to the removal of the capital of New Guinea until the end of the war.

The Wau-Salamaua Road

IT has not been possible to obtain from Governmental sources any definite statement as to what is likely to happen in regard to the plan for the construction of a road from Salamaua to Wau. The majority of the people in positions of responsibility, who are interested in this matter, are of opinion that the road plan will not be proceeded with during the war period, and until the future of New (Continued on Next Page) Newspaper bills outside a Sydney newsagent’s shop, Monday morning, September 4, 1939. 5 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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Guinea is seen more clearly than is possible to-day. (See article Page 73.)

Communications Generally

ALL shipping services are being maintained; but of course the N.D.L. service, between Hong Kong and New Guinea, has been cut out.

The twice-a-week Carpenter airmail service between the territories and Sydney is being continued as usual. It was believed. in August, that the service would be reduced to once-a-week, each way; but since the outbreak of war the passenger traffic by aeroplane between the territories and Australia has increased considerably, and, for the present, it is unlikely that there will be any reduction in the service.

Higher Fares and Freights IN consequence of greatly increased costs caused by the war—especially insurance against war risks —all shipping fares and freights affecting the Pacific Territories have been raised, or probably will be raised immediately.

Fares and freights affecting the Central and Eastern Pacific Territories served by the Union S.S. Co. Ltd., and other British companies, were raised by onethird on September 13.

The American companies’ rates have not been altered, but a rise is expected.

The question of raising the fares and freight rates on the Burns, Philp vessel* (serving Papua, New Guinea. Solomon Islands, New Hebrides, etc.) is under discussion between the Commonwealth Government and the directors of the firm.

The firm is paying war risk insurance at the rate of £2 per £lOO of the ship’s value every 91 days—equal to 8 per cent, per annum.

Fares and freights on all inter-island ships (including those in the Western Pacific, operated by Burns Philp and Co. and W. R. Carpenter and Co.) have been raised 20 per cent.

Mad Finance!

Country Earns £54,000, But Govt. Demands £67,000 From a Special Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Aug. 4.

THE Queen’s speech at the opening of the 1939 Session of the Tongan Parliament on August 1, indicates that no alleviation of the heavy taxation imposed during more prosperous times can be looked for.

The estimated expenditure for the year to June 30, 1940. is the colossal sum (for a small community) of £80,167, of which £67,789 is to be raised by taxation and £12,656 appropriated from accumulated surplus. These are the figures to be submitted for passing by Parliament, and with the Government’s majority of officials and nominated members already assured, no doubt they will go through, as they have done for so many years, irrespective either of equity or justice.

With copra (the only product apart from a few cases, of bananas) bringing in at current rates a total income to the natives of about £50.000 per annum, and about £4,000 from bananas, whence does the Government expect to get its £67,789 of estimated revenue? What sort of mad or callous finance is it that budgets for more than the country produces?

New Papuan Cathedral To Be Opened In October

LATE NEWS ■|3APUAN Chief’* (see page 7) was re- A floated, repaired, afid continued her run. But heavy weather re-started leaks.

Ship beached at Wolverine Passage on September 7, .and abandoned to underwriters.

Australasian Petroleum co., Pty., Ltd., which is carrying on an extensive oil search in Papua and New Guinea, proposes to increase its subscribed capital from £405,000 to £750,000 by the issue of 345,000 one pound shares.

As described in an article on page 62, the stage of deep drilling has now been reached and drilling equipment, capable of going to a depth of 10,000 feet, has been sent to Port Moresby.

A New Guinea Miner

Territories' Defences Quick Enrolment of Volunteers WHEN it was seen, late in August, that war was likely, urgent steps were taken in all the British and French territories in the Pacific to enrol and equip home defence forces.

The efficient defence organisation which already existed in Fiii was rapidly expanded, and now includes large forces of Europeans, Fijians and Indians.

Steps taken months ago in Western Samoa to enrol a volunteer defence force proved most opportune, and to-day there is available a large and well-equipped body of European and Samoan volunteers.

As described elsewhere, a body of volunteers has been enrolled in Papua.

Emergency measures passed by the New Guinea Legislative Council, Rabaul, on September 4 gave the Administrator power to increase the European Police Force by enrolling a Special Reserve European Constabulary.

Authority also was given on September 4 to enrol a volunteer Defence Force in New Guinea, as follows: Rabaul Battalion Headquarters.—l Machine Gun Section and 1 Rifle Company (less two Platoons).

Wau.—l Rifle Company; l Machine Gun Platoon.

Salamaua.—l Rifle Platoon.

Lae.—l Rifle Platoon.

The total strength of the approved Force is 20 officers and 400 other ranks.

Immediate action was taken to organise this Force and to enrol volunteers.

Under the supervision of Mr.

Robert Jones, layman-builder of the New Guinea Mission, Papuan natives have been working tirelessly for four years to build a Cathedral near the Mission’s headquarters at Dogura. Now practically completed, the edifice will be consecrated as the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul by the Archbishop of Brisbane, Rev. J. W. C. Wand, on October 29. The new building will seat 1,000 people. The foundation stone of the Cathedral was laid in August, 1935, by Mrs. Tomlinson, wife of the late Canon Tomlinson.

Mr. Charles Blake, photographed on his mining property in the Bulolo Gorge in August. On that day, after two years’ back-breaking work on the water-races, he turned on the sluices.

In the background are shown: —1. The pipeline (cleverly made out of oil-drums welded together) leading down from the race to the sluice. 2. Mr. Blake’s most faithful attendant —an Alsatian dog. 6 September 15, 1 9 39—Pacific Islands Monthly

Pacific Ships

Widespread Effect of War r;E numerous shipping services which maintain contact with the Pacific territories have been sharply affected by the outbreak of war.

All British shipping services came under Admiralty control at midnight on August 26, and a week later, on September 3, when war broke out, all movements of British and French shipping became secret—that is to say, it is an offence to publish anything which might indicate to the enemy the position of an Allies ship.

In the past, the shipping timetables represented an important section of the "Pacific Islands Monthly”—it has been our practice to publish timetables three and four months ahead. This was done without making any charge to the shipping companies—it was recognised as information of considerable value to Pacific Islands residents.

Under war conditions, it is, of course, impossible to publish the timetables; but, as soon as the war is over, they will be restored. In the meantime we are allowed to publish only the fact—as will be seen from a perusal of our pages—that certain territories are regularly serviced by certain shipping lines.

Generous Action By Neutrals

We were advised by the Censor that we could publish the timetables of Dutch (K.P.M.) and American (Matson) shipping lines. We asked the managers of the respective lines whether they had any objection to this publication. In each case, the managers of those neutral companies asked us not to publish the timetables—not that they feared any attacks on their shipping by hostile submarines, but because they did not wish the British and French shipping companies to feel that they, as neutrals, were taking advantage of British and French difficulties at this time.

Accordingly, we have not published the Dutch or American timetables and unless we receive a request to the contrary, they also will be withheld from publication until the end of the war.

Submarines In Pacific

THERE is plenty of evidence to show that German submarines had been at sea for several days prior to the declaration of war; and, as Germany had between 40 and 50 submarines, ranging from 500 to 750 tons, it is believed that at least a couple of score of these commerce-destroyers were at large in the oceans of the world. It was known, early in September, that several were operating in the North and South Atlantic, and it is . suspected that some got round into the Indian Ocean and the North Pacific.

It is known that at least two British ships have been sunk by German submarines in the neighbourhood of the Philippine Islands.

So far, no shipping casualties have been reported in the South Pacific, but there apparently is some possibility of an attack. The utmost possible precautions are being taken by all British and French naval authorities in the Pacific.

Four German merchant vessels were in South Pacific ports and waters when war broke out; and, apparently, they all received sufficient warning to allow them to make a dash for safer places. Their fate is not known.

The “Friderun”

There was much interest in New Guinea concerning the fate of the “Friderun” — the N.D.L. steamer which for years has maintained a service between Hong Kong and New Guinea. The “Friderun” was due at Madang (on the north coast of New Guinea) on August 25, but she did not appear at that time; and at present, owing to the absence of shipping information, no one in Sydney knows where she is. It is presumed that, when war broke out, she was somewhere between south-east Asia and Australia, and it is possible that she sought internment in a Dutch East Indies or Japanese port.

N.Z. Governor's Tour in Central Pacific THE Governor-General of New Zealand, Viscount Galway, accompanied by Viscountess Galway, returned to Auckland on August 18 in H.M.S.

“Achilles” after his first visit of inspection to islands in the South Pacific under New Zealand jurisdiction.

Leaving Auckland on July 6, the Governor-General visited Rarotonga, Mangaia, Mauke, Atiu. Aitutaki, Penrhyn, Rakahanga, Manihiki, Danger Island (Cook Islands), Fakaofo, Nukunono and Atafu (Tokelau Islands), eoing from there to Samoa and calling after that at Suva, Nukualofa and Niue. He also visited the American naval station at Pago Pago.

"Papuan Chief"

On Reef on East Coast T he “ Pa P uan chief ” owned by steam - A ships Trading Co., Ltd.. Port Moresby, ran on a ree f Gadaisu, on the east coast of Papua, on August 27, on her voyage f rom Samarai to Port Moresby, via coastal ports.

The cargo was discharged and brought in p ort M ores by by the “Nusa” from samarai, on September 2. n is reported that all efforts to shift COPRA Disorganised War Market May Lead to Better Prices The copra market has been dislocated since the outbreak of war, and quotations have been merely nominal. That is not expected to last long, however.

It is anticipated that Britain — or Britain and France, in conjunction—will take control of copra in Western Europe (as they are doing with various other commodities), and will organise supply and demand, on a fixed minimum price.

One newspaper has reported that the British Government will contract to take the whole copra production of the South Pacific, at an average price in excess of £10 sterling, per ton. This probably is merely a guess—but it does seem likely that some form of Government control will be imposed.

The South Pacific production (all territories from New Guinea to Tahiti, south of the equator) varies from 150,000 to 250,000 tons annually. Last year, it was 220,000 tons.

It is likely that a plan will have been announced before this journal has been read.

Planters probably will find that the long period of lean copra prices is at an end.

FIRST PLANE AT MISIMA IS.

From a Special Correspondent MISIMA IS., Aug. 20.

IjiXCITEMENT was caused here earlier j in the month when a seaplane from an Australian warship circled over the island and made a perfect landing on the bay at Bwagaoia. This was the first time that a ’plane of any description had been near the island, and the natives were terrified, most of them going “bush”.

Misima’s Europeans gathered to watch the pilot come ashore, where he was met by Mr A. Rentoul, Resident Magistrate.

After a stay of three hours, the seaplane took off to rejoin the warship.

The “Papuan Chief”, photographed at Samarai four days before she went on the reef.

Death Of High

Chief Tanaa, Of

SAMOA In this group of Samoans. standing at right, is High Chief Tanaa, of the Government School at Malifa, whose death occurred recently in Western Samoa. 7 Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y—S ep tem b e r 15, 1939

1939. 1938. £ £ Imports 796,417 864,890 Exports Exports in detail — 873,010 874,041 Sugar, tons 25,806 31,121 ,, value £260,700 £287,9*76 Copra, tons 13,383 15,263 „ value £96.660 £140,278 Bananas, bunches . . . . 2,756 9,420 „ cases .. 25,921 70,351 ,, value £12,541 £35,678 Molasses, value £9,194 £7,857 Gold, oz 52,606 44,518 ,. value £430,757 £343,324 Trochus, tons 108 52 „ value £5,032 £3,602

Fiji'S Trade

Increased Gold :: Reduced Banana Crop THE trade of the Colony of Fiji, for the six months ended June 30 was as follows. The figures for the same six months of 1938 are given, for comparison; The pricipal changes are accounted for by the fall in the value of copra; the heavy reduction in banana production caused by the rain-storms of March and April; and the steady increase in gold production.

Mrs. Allen Innes. one of the pioneers of the Morobe goldfield in New Guinea, returned to Sydney in September, after a holiday visit to America.

Fire Destroys Big Rabaul Store

AT 2 a.m. on Wednesday, August 23, flames were seen in the upper storey of Messrs. W. R. Carpenter and Co.’s large store in Rabaul; and, within a few hours, the place was completely destroyed.

A fire brigade, comprising native police, using water brought in hoses from the nearby water-front, could do little to check the flames. Various adjoining buildings, the destruction of which seemed inevitable, were saved, however, by their good work.

Carpenter’s store probably was the largest building in Rabaul. It was originally the New Guinea Company’s store, when Rabaul was a German colony; and, after the occupation, it was purchased by Carpenter’s for £15,000 and considerably enlarged and improved. The ground floor was a very extensive general store, divided into departments, while the upper floor was partly general store and partly offices.

Tenants who had suites of offices in the building included the Expropriation Board; Mr. Cromie (solicitor); Mr.

Costelloe (accountant); and Mr. Mac Lean (dentist). These gentlemen lost everything.

At the back of the store were two important departments the freezing chamber which is the distributing point for a large portion of the fresh food consumed in Rabaul, and a bakery, which was operated by Mrs. L. Brodie under arrangement with Messrs. W. R. Carpenter & Co. Both the freezer and the bakery were destroyed.

All the other buildings surrounding the main store were saved. These included the timber sheds, the hardware store, the engineering workshops, and the singlestorey office building, adjoining the store.

The dressmaking shop of Miss Howsen, and the Rabaul Beauty Parlour, were saved.

Among the property destroyed were the records of the Expropriation Board. It is believed that duplicates of most of these exist in Canberra, but the loss of the documents will cause great inconvenience.

The damage is estimated at over £70,000 and most of it is covered by insurance. The loss to the firm will be heavy, however—not only directly, but indirectly, owing to dislocation of business.

The managing director in New Guinea, Mr. W. H. Carpenter, had left Rabaul only a few days before the occurrence; but the local manager, Mr. Gordon Higgs, took the situation in hand with great vigor, and within two or three days he had established a skeleton organisation to carry on in the remaining buildings. The firm was able to continue to supply bulk and plantation lines, but it obviously was not possible to continue the retail business, and it wa? decided not to make any attempt to re-establish the retail store until instructions to that effect came from Sydney. The rebuilding of the cold store was re-commenced within a few days.

Future Of Retail Store

The question of re-establishing the retail store was under consideration by the directors of W. R. Carpenter and Co., Ltd., in Sydney last week, but no decision was reached. Present indications are that the firm will carry on wholesale distribution from Rabaul and will continue to operate the freezer and the various departments which were not destroyed by the fire; but that no rebuilding programme of any dimensions will be undertaken, and no attempt made for the present to re-establish the retail store.

It is a remarkable coincidence that the large general store of Messrs. Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., in Rabaul, only a few yards south of the Carpenter store, was totally destroyed by fire only 18 months ago. The new B.P. store, a spacious building planned on modern lines, was opened recently.

Mademoiselle Renee Hamon, a Paris journalist, who returned to France a short time ago after a visit to the French Colonies in the Pacific, has written a new travel book dealing with the islands of Tahiti, Tuamotus, and Marquesas. It will be published bv Flammarion in October.

Another volume by her entitled “Gauguin, Hermit of the Pacific” is now in the press.

It is reported that Mile. Hamon will return to Papeete at an early date with a cinema unit to make a Tahitian film.

Mr. William Ernest Clarence Robinson, of Suva, Fiji, married Miss Marjorie Daysh Horne, of New Zealand, at Suva Holy Trinity Pro-Cathedral in August. The bride formerly was on the staff of the Colonial War Memorial Hospital, in Suva.

The Rabaul store of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., photographed a few hours before the fire by the editor of the “P.I.M.”.

The same building in flames-a night photograph by Mr.

Andrew Kelly, of Rabaul. 8 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Trans-Pacific Airmail Inaugurated

But Plans for British Section Dislocated by Outbreak of War THE first complete step in the inauguration of the South Pacific airmail service (Australia-North America) was taken on August 30, when the new British seaplane “Aotearoa” (22 tons, wing-span 114 feet), which had been flown from England by Imperial Airways, met at Auckland, N.Z., the new American Boeing seaplane “Californian Clipper” <42 tons, wing-span 152 feet), which had been flown from the United States by Pan American Airways.

It appeared that the two great national corporations would co-operate in providing the new trans-Pacific serviceimperial Airways to supply the link between Sydney-Auckland, and Pan American Airways to immediately commence running Auckland - Noumea - Hawaii- U.S.A.

But. four days later, on September 3, war broke out; and the future is obscure.

It is expected that Pan American Airways immediately will inaugurate a fortnightly service between San Francisco and Auckland, via Honolulu, Canton Is- The large English company—lmperial Airways—have announced that they have obtained from the French Government authority to use Noumea as an aerial base for their trans-Pacific aerial service, Sydney-New Zealand-Fiji, and thence to Canada, which is now being organised.—“Bulletin du Commerce”, 26/8/1939. land and Noumea; but, since the outbreak of war, and the necessary rearrangement of shipping and airmail services, British intentions regarding the opening of the Sydney-Auckland service have not been disclosed. It originally was intended to open the service about the end of September.

The first three flights of the Pan American seaplane will be largely experimental. After that, it will begin to carry mails, cargo and passengers (up to 70 or 80). Passengers will be accommodated over-night at Honolulu (ordinary hotels), Canton Island (special hotel, now being built of materials brought from Hawaii, and staffed by Chamorros from Guam) and Noumea (ordinary hotels).

The “Aotearoa” flew from England to Sydney without incident, and, on August 28. from Sydney to Auckland in 7 hours 48 minutes—making 12 days from England.

The “Californian Clipper” flew 8,000 miles, from San Francisco to Auckland, without incident, except that she was held up for one day (August 29) at Canton Island, owing to the non-receipt from Suva (Fiji) of expected weather reports.

She left Noumea at 7.58 a.m. on August 30 and made a survey cruise around Norfolk Island, and settled down beside the “Aotearoa”, in Auckland harbour, at 2.20 p.m. The first to greet the American officers and their 23 passengers (mostly officials) were Captain Burgess and the officers of the British seaplane; and Mr. Harold Gatty, the P.A.A. representative in Auckland—who, for four years, has fought stubbornly, in the face of much discouragement and many difficulties, for the inauguration of this service.

The “Californian Clipper” left Auckland for Noumea on September 4, circling Suva twice en route, and returned safely across the Pacific.

The “Aotearoa”, during the week ended September 11, made a survey flight from Auckland to Suva, and returned to Auckland,

Nouville Airport

MUCH activity took place at Nouville — the old notorious He de Nou, in Noumea Harbour—in late July and early August when the New Caledonian authorities learned definitely that Pan American Airways would send a flying-boat south to New Zealand late in August, and the building programme was accelerated.

The old military wharf has been remodelled and lengthened and the wooden piles replaced by concrete pylons.

Did Suva Fail?

P.A.A. Flight from Noumea to Auckland From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Sept. 8.

WHEN the Pan American Airways flying-boat “Californian Clipper” flew from San Francisco to Auckland at the end of August, she was held up in Canton Is. for one whole day, owing, it was reported, to the absence of weather reports from Sua. One statement was that Suva’s failure to send out these weather reports had proved embarrassing to Pan American Airways and thrown the whole meteorological service out of gear.

Criticism of Amalgamated Wireless, Ltd., and of the Fiji Government was published in New Zealand newspapers.

The lack of data complained of was the fault of neither the Fiji Government nor of Amalgamated Wireless (A/sia>, Limited.

Pan American Airways, it appears, originally asked the Fiji Government for weather reports covering the whole of the Western Pacific, which the Fiji Government was quite unable to supply. But the Fiji Government did arrange to provide the fullest information about weather conditions in Fiji and Rotuma. This information was made available to Pan 9 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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Moreover the weather reports requested by Noumea were transmitted from Suva to Noumea by Amalgamated Wireless within a few minutes of the receipt of the request. The time schedule between Suva and Canton Island, in which weather reports are given, was adhered to completely, and there were no complaints.

On September 3, when the Pan American Airways clipper flew from Auckland to Noumea, she was deflected slightly from the direct course and made a couple of circles over Suva. The Clipper gave a special salute over the mast of the radio station in Suva, and this was accepted as an indication that the master of the Clipper was grateful for the weather information which the radio station had sent that day.

From Suva on to Noumea, the A.W.A. station in Suva was in continuous communication with the Clipper and the radio operator on the Clipper stated that he could not have wished for better service or more cordial co-operation.

Pan American Airways’ Auckland office reports:— No meteorological details were received from Fiji between 2 p.m. on Saturday (August 26) and 9 a.m. on August 27; while Rotuma Island, which lay half-way between Canton Island and Noumea, was silent from Friday morning August 2o until tne morning of August 27. Consequently, the flying-boat, which was to fly from Canton Island to Noumea on August 27, did not leave Canton Island until Monday, August 28.

Grand Pacific Hotel

Additions Proposed in Suva IT was announced in August that the owners of the Grand Pacific Hotel in Suva (the Union Steamship Co. of N.Z., Ltd.) had decided to build, on tne south side of the hotel, a new 2-storey annexe which would provide modern accommodation for 45 additional guests, in suites of rooms, rooms with private baths and an additional lounge. The rooms would face either towards Albert Park or towards the sea, and there would be verandahs and balconies all round. Each room or suite would have hot and cold water.

The hotel manager, Mr. C. Brown and his staff, had expressed their delight at the introduction of the additional and more modem accommodation: but, now it is feared that there may be some delay in the building operations owing to the outbreak of war.

Mr. A. J. (“Jock”) Marshall, of St.

Paul’s College. Sydney University, and Miss Joy Wood, of Mosman, Sydney, announced their engagement in early September. Mr. Marshall is well-known in the Western Pacific as an explorer and zoologist .and has carried out scientific research work both in New Guinea and in the New Hebrides. Two of his published books deal with Melanesia—“ The Black Musketeers” and “The Men and Birds of Paradise”. He is now working on a new book dealing with his adventures as a member of the Austrian-Spitzbergen Expedition which went to the North Pole regions in 1937. 10 September 15, 1939-Pacific Islands Monthly

A Catalogue Of

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TROPICALITIES IT was Easter, and we of the outlying parts of uncivilisation were all dossing at the guest house.

This morning we were discussing Mac’s seeming immunity from mosquito bites. We were scrambling around in various stages of undress, scraping faces, bathing, raiding aspirin bottles—you know how it is— when Mac went for his “swim”.

The cooks were busy making beds, collecting “calicos”, etc., when Mac’s cooknoting his master’s absence—enlightened us with a twinkle in his eyes: “Along night, master b’long me, him he drunk too much—him he no savee time allgeter mosquito kai-kai along him.

Orright—behind along middle night-allgeter mosquito, him he drunk too much — him he can’t savee kai-kai along master b’long me. No gammon. Ha! Ha! Ha!” * * * THERE are now 202 people on Pitcairn Island, Which has an area of only two square miles. When the population reached 194. in 1856, it was considered too large for the island, and the people were removed to Norfolk Island. But 40 of them returned, and the population again commenced to grow, until to-day, as stated, it is now over 200. Something will have to be done about it soon. People from Pitcairn, in recent years, have examined two islands a few hundred miles away from Pitcairn—namely, Elizabeth (or Henderson) Island, and Ducie Island.

Both are high and well wooded and appear to be generally suitable for settlement, except that in both cases there is a lack of permanent water, which becomes acute in dry seasons. * * * OP all the bright and embroidered stories of life in New Guinea, one likes best the story of Mrs. W. E. Giblin and her house-boy. It is necessary to emphasise that Mrs. Giblin (who has just left Wau to live in Sydney) is a gentle lady.

She has been a war nurse, and carved a plantation out of the jungle, and operated a mining claim on Edie Creek; but she never has been otherwise than sweet and womanly. In Wau, she had a houseboy whose head was solid wood. No matter what the task, this unfortunate “coon” would get it wrong way first or upside down, and he was lazy. Friends told Mrs. Giblin what to say to him; but she shuddered, and struggled on, trying with kindness and patience to make him “house-boy true”.

But there came the inevitable end.

Visitors whom Mrs. Giblin delighted to honour coughed and gurgled over coffee; and deduction and analysis proved that the boy had put Epsom salts into the coffee pot. The boy seemed non-repentant; and the Giblin patience broke.

“You —”, she cried, bitterly, using the words which had been recommended to her*The boy leaped like a stung mustang. Mrs. Giblin furiously repeated the phrase, which cast sanguinary doubt upon his ancestry.

“O me sorry too much missus”, whimpered the boy.

Thereafter, he was a reformed character. Wau people with a sense of humour loved to hear Mrs. Giblin—albeit coyly— whipping him along with the “Beebee ’ phrase, while the boy leaped with enthusiasm into his housework.

Actually, this is not a funny story, but a plain statement of fact. Hard-boiled Australian miners use the startling term as a final bitter curse upon their lagging labourers; and the labourers react to it as if it were a whip. They do not know what it means; but they do know that it represents the last word, the end of all patience, and that right behind it there usually is something worse than language. * * ♦ WHEN discussing the Public Service Reorganisation Report, at a recent meeting of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate Advisory Council, the Bishop of Melanesia (Dr. Baddeley) said: “If the future is black so far as the copra market is concerned —and we have little in the way of subsidiary industries— that may result in diminishing white population in these islands, and a consequent fall in customs revenue. From what source then will there come an income to maintain necessary native welfare services?”

In this connection, it is interesting to note that the male white population at the present time is only, approximately, 40 more than in 1909, and this increase is accounted for by an addition of 23 to the Government service, and extended mission activities. However, to counterbalance this, there are now some 200 aliens, mostly Chinese, as against 1 alien in 1909. * * * IT happened on one of the out-stations of the 8.5.1. Protectorate during the crisis period of 1938. A sophisticated native of Malaita moved about amongst his primitive mountain brethren offering small Union Jacks, at £1 per head, which, he guaranteed, would be an effective protection against the Japanese troops in their forthcoming invasion, especially for the native women. (A Malaitaman hedges his women round with all kinds of elaborate taboos, and will do anything to preserve them inviolate.) The slick salesman 11 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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For the pictures that are hard to get, load with Kodak Verichrome or lightning-fast Kodak Super Sensitive Panchromatic—they’re the films that GET THE PICTURE. y M. Ivu. -p* actually got rid of a few of his flags before the matter became known to the local Government Officer, who arrested him. At the trial, the “boy” put up the naive defence that he really believed in the protective function of the Union Jack.

Exasperated at his cheek, the D.O. looked hard at the culprit, and said: “Yes, it’s true the Union Jack protects people who live under the King’s Government, but you don’t really believe you are the King himself, do you?”

“No, master”, replied the accused. “I am not the King. I’m only a poor native”— almost bursting into tears with affected humility.

“Only a poor native, eh!” replied the D.O. “Good, then I’m going to put you where a lot of other poor natives like you are being cared for by the Government. The sentence is six months.”

“Thank you, master”, replied the “poor native”.

“SOLOMON”.

UNDER a regime which, as Field - Marshal Goering (Hitler’s stand-in No. 1) boasts, prefers guns to butter, Nazi Germany nowadays has little use for art in any form, and in recent months a “kultur” clean-up has resulted in the “expulsion” of many modern paintings from the various Art Galleries. Among a large batch of pictures declared “decadent” was “In Tahiti” by Gauguin, the celebrated French artist who lived for a number of years in French Oceania.

Auctioned at the Fischer Gallery in Lucerne, Switzerland, it brought £2,380.

Altogether 125 modern canvases were offered for sale, but the results were disappointing and prices did not come up to expectation. Those unsold were sent back to Germany. * * » THE four days’ visit of the Governor- General of New Zealand (Lord Galway) to Western Samoa at the end of July was an unqualified success. The warm, spontaneous welcome given the Vice-Regal party was not only a manifestation of the famed Samoan hospitality, but coming after weary months of internal political bickering the visit offered the Samoan people an opportunity of openly demonstrating their loyalty to the British Empire. Even the Mau chiefs wore red, white and blue ribbons on their Mau uniforms. The only adverse comment made in Apia on the visit concerned : Someone had blundered in decorating the entrance gate to Malifa Government School. A large Japanese flag, which completely swamped the very small Union Jacks surrounding it, greeted the official party as it made its way into the school grounds.

The action of two European members of the Legislative Council in not attending the official dinner and ball at Government House, Vailima, after having received invitations.

It is proposed to send the ova of trout from Rotorua district. New Zealand, to Suva. It is believed that the numerous streams of Fiji can be stocked up with trout.

The Catholic Mission at Milne Bay, Eastern Papua, opened a new church at Ladava on August 20. Built of native material, with a wooden floor, it was designed by Father Bryson and constructed by Mission natives, under the supervision of Brother Vogt.

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About Islands People

Messrs. W. H. Smith, P. F. Cody and T.

Victor, directors of the Loloma and Emperor gold mining companies in Fiji, arrived at Suva in mid-August to make an inspection of the workings at Tavua.

They returned to Melbourne by the “Mariposa” early in September.

Miss R. Ayo has resigned from the staff of the Anglican School of St. Mary at Labasa, Fiji.

Monsieur d’Arcimoles, of Messageries Maritimes agency at Noumea, New Caledonia, has been transferred to Tahiti, for a short term of service with the Papeete agency.

Mr. J. Probert, Inspector of Police at Suva, returned to Fiji in August after a holiday visit to Australia.

Miss Olive Stevens, of the Australian Board of Missions staff, left Sydney by the August “Bulolo” to visit the various Anglican mission stations irj Papua.

Mr. Lionel Gordon Baker married Miss Agnes (“Bonnie”) Hamilton at St. Paul’s Church, Samarai, Eastern Papua, on August 11. Miss Ailsa Gribben was bridesmaid and Mr. J. Amorous best man. Mr.

Baker is a member of the staff of the Commonwealth Copra Company’s Gili Gili plantation.

Mr. A. R. Robertson, formerly of British Guiana, arrived in Fiji in August to take up the post of Depu y Colonial Treasurer.

He was accompanied by Mrs. Robertson and their daughter.

Mr. Lou Fahev has been appointed manager of Gili Gili plantation. Eastern Papua, which is controlled by Lever Bros.

Mr. Lewis Lett, of Port Moresby. Papua, was among the authors commended by the judges who awarded the Sydney "Bulletin’s” S. H. Prior Memorial prize.

Four outstanding works were commended, and among them was “The Papuan Achievement”, by Lewis Lett.

Mr. J. R. Halligan, who is in charge of the section of the Prime Minister’s Department responsible for the administration of Australia’s Pacific territories, TOP. —Left: Miss L. Dalziell sailed by the August “Bulolo” from Sydney for Samarai.

Papua, where she is employed with Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd. Right: Mr. T. Fitton, of Steamships Trading Co., Ltd., Port Moresby, returned to Papua by the “Bulolo” recently, after six months’ holiday in Australia.

BOTTOM. —Mr. and Mrs. A. Gazzard sailed for Salamaua by the August “Bulolo”, after eight months’ furlough in Australia. Mr. Gazzard is employed by Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd. 13 Pacific Islands Monthly-September 15, 1939

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H. JONES & CO. PTY, LTD., HOBART & SYDNEY. returned to Australia from Europe at the end of August. He was present in Geneva when the Mandates Commission received the annual report of the Administrator of New Guinea. Mr. Halligan said that the report was very carefully examined but that no criticism was tendered.

Mr. Norman Goodall, Foreign Secretary in England of the London Missionary Society, is at present visiting L.M.S. Mission stations in Central Pacific. He is expected to return to Sydney early in October, and intends to leave in the middle of that month with Mr. H. L. Hurst, L.M.S. secretary in Sydney, on a visit to Papua.

Mr. R. Ginn arrived in New Zealand from Fiji by the “Monowai” in mid- August to marry Miss B. C. Duff, of Wellington, who formerly was a member of the nursing staff of the Colonial War Memorial Hospital at Suva.

Mr. R. H. Brown, manager of the Apia branch of Burns Philp (S.S.) Co., Ltd., arrived in New Zealand on furlough in mid-August. He was accompanied by his wife, Mrs. Nellie Brown, who is wellknown in Tonga where she lived for some years with her father the late Judge Skeen, Chief Justice of Tonga. After a month’s stay in Auckland, Mr. and Mrs Brown will cross to Sydney to spend a short holiday in Australia.

Mr. W. S. Marchant, 0.8. E., formerly Deputy Provincial Commissioner in Tanganyika, East Africa, will arrive in Tulagi, British Solomon Islands, early in November to take up the position of Resident Commissioner in succession to Mr. F. N. Ashley, who left the Protectorate in April on long leave prior to retirement. A meeting of the 8.5.1. Advisory Council will take place shortly after Mr. Marchant’s arrival.

Mrs. W. Caldwell, wife of Mr. W. Caldwell of the Fiji Colonial Service and daughter of Captain W. Wilson, a very old and esteemed resident of Levuka, Fiji, died on September 3. Mrs. Caldwell was taken ill while on a return trip from abroad with her husband, and on arrival in Australia was admitted to a private hospital in Sydney, where she died. She left four daughters.

Miss Amy Thompson, of the Melanesian Mission, will sail from Sydney for the Solomons by the next “Malaita” after furlough in England. It is expected that she will later proceed to Arawe, New Britain, where she was stationed prior to going on leave.

Mr. M. Toder, formerly secretary to the Government Hospital at Apia, returned to New Zealand from Western Samoa in August, after completing his term of service with the Administration.

TOP—Left: Mr. C. F. Cowley, who is an Assistant Resident Magistrate in Eastern Papua, arrived in Sydney by the August “Macdhui” on short furlough. Right: Mrs. R. Moffatt, of Eastern Papua, reached Sydney by the last “Macdhui” and went on to Melbourne to spend three months’ holiday. In their ketch “Gitana”, she and her husband in June went to the rescue of the South African yacht “Lands End” which ran on a reef near Sudest Island, Eastern Papua; and they took the crew to Misima Island.

SECOND ROW.—Mr. and Mrs. Vernon Rice departed from Sydney for Fiji by the “Monterey” recently, after spending several weeks’ holiday in Australia. He is agent for the Shell Oil Company at Lautoka.

BOTTOM.—Left: Mrs. H. J. Tink returned to Sydney from New Guinea by the last “Macdhui” after several months’ holiday at Kimadan Estates, near Kavieng, New Ireland. Right: Mr.

R. Wayne, Interpreter at the Supreme Court, Rabaul, New Guinea, arrived in Sydney by the "Macdhui” recently for three months’ holiday.

He was accompanied by Mrs. Wayne and their daughter, Janet. 14 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

SURPRISE GIFTS FOR MOTHER 1 (L/C. V 1584 —A Butter Dish Toast 10 /°* Rack Combination, and a Butter Knife, all of gleaming Silverplate The dish is a pretty shell pattern, while the glass inset is designed to match. #0 12/6 VI774.—WONDERFUL VALUE. * Silverplated Strainer, Sugar Pongs, Jam Spoon. Butter Knife and Sugar Spoon. All to match and in i suitable Gift Case.

D □ □ Vl6s7.—Six Afternoon Tea Spoons in the superb Rundle pattern. Heavily Silverplated, and of heirloom quality course.

How To Buy Xmas Gifts

First of all. the only gift that really serves its purpose is the one that lasts—the present which carries memories of the giver throughout the years of its usefulness.

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Thirdly, in an Angus & Coote Gift you’re making your money go its very farthest—for every penny spent you’re getting the fullest possible return in reliable, guaranteed quality.

Thrilling Rings for those who Ladies or Gentlemen’s Dress Pen Knife. will announce Christmas. it' I £] Q Vl7oo.—Delightful 18ct.

Gold Ring, which features a glorious Solitaire Diamond in a setting of Pure Platinum. Six more Diamonds in the dainty shoulders. You may have a White or Yellow Gold Ring, as you prefer.

With larger Diamonds, £l5.

Set with Brilliant Fiery Diamonds. ic /_ V 339. —GOLD-FILL- -1 **' * ED Pen Knife that’s richly engraved. It has a sharp, stainless steel blade, manicure file and shackle. Measures 2 I U inches long. Another style, V 338, is also available in Goldfilled quality for 10/6.

These are both useful and smart. £2O Vl7ll - 18ct - White or Yellow Gold Ring, with a large and fiery Solitaire Diamond.

Six more Diamonds in these lovely carved shoulders, Setting is Platinum, of course. iH'Mf 75 / V 142. —A perfect pet of a Ladies’ Watch. It’s a reliable Jewelex movement, and it’s in a 9'ct. Solid Gold Case, value. Complete with moire ribbon open-link Gold-filled Band is availso that it’s outstanding band for 75/-. A pretty able for 12/6 extra. 37/5 Vlso7.—Delightful Tray of hard Silverplate. Measures 12 inches across, and has a smart, embossed edge. A tray is a gift favored by tradition. China and Crystal look their best on silver, 42/_ V642.—Rich and lustrous “Princess’’ Pearls, appropri- ' *ately known as “Nature’s Rivals”. This refined necklet 15 inches long, and it features a smart jewelled clasp.

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For the Young Brother. 10/6 V 33 - — The latest American, “Swank”

' * Key Chain of good, Gold-filled quality, with strong Stainless Steel Key Ring. This !« a really smart piece of work, and it’s safe. 21 m iM 51 35 /_ Vl4s.—This is the good “Jewelex” Watch.

' At 35/- a Chrome Case & Solid Leather Band is supplied, while for 3/6 extra you may have a cool. Chrome open Link Band. Both Case and Movement are warranted to give at least 10 years’ service. All necessary adjustment and regulation is free during the first 12 months. 37/6 V26 -— Thi s’ Ladies’ Watch is remarkably good value. It ' * has a jewelled movement, and the smartest of Chrome cases. Open Link Band is also of Chrome. This timepiece is warranted to give at least 5 years’ service, and it will be adjusted and regulated free of charge during the first twelve months. si S —> ■ ■■■■mi MJ Vl4l. —Gentleman’s excellent “Jewelex” movement in a stylish Chrome Case. Luminous dial. This watch comes with a stylish Leather band. For 3/6 extra a Chrome Band will be fitted. Warranted 10 years, free adjustment and regulation during the first 12 months. 23/6 V 197 Sleeve Links in 9ct.

' * Solid Gold. These are Angus & Coote’s newest design. They are sent in a very smart Gift Case. Engraving initials, two on each link, 2/- pair extra.

The watch for the Tropics is the “Indestructible” (waterproof, shockproof, dustproof). With case and band entirely of stainless steel it is only £5. 75 / THE SET. V1483.—A generous gift, ' and a thrill to receive. The Tea Pot, Sugar Basin and Milk Jug are all in the popular “Chubby” shape, and they stand on the most delightful, ball feet.

All are of gleaming Silverplate of good, ANGUS & COOTE Pty. Ltd 500 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY. 15 Pacific Islands Monthly—September 15, 1939

McILRATH’S FOR Quality—Price—Service I.X.L. Best Asstd. Jams. 12oz. <6 doz.) .. 6 9 doz. 36 - case Ideal Unsweetened Milk, 6oz. or 12oz 19 4 case Finest Pearl Barley 2£d lb. 23 doz.

Capital Breakfast Biscuits, 12oz 5d pkt. 4 9 doz.

Arnott’s Club Cheese Biscuits, Boz 9£d pkt.

Best Boiled Lollies, 141 b.. including tins 6d lb.

Rosa Seeded Raisins, 16oz B'd pkt. 8 3 doz.

Excello Dripak Prunes, 16oz B£d tin 8 - doz.

I.X.L. Peeled Grapefruit, 16oz 1 - tin 11 9 doz.

Rosa Best Western Honey, 21b 1 4 tin 15 9 doz.

Rosa Plain Oatmeal, 51b 1/4 2 bag 16/- doz.

Rosa Rolled Oats, 21b 7£d pkt. 7/3 doz.

Cerebos Table Salt, 21b 1/6 jar 17/6 doz.

St. George Fancy Asstd. Meats. 7oz 9/9 doz.

I.X.L. Tomato Sauce. lOoz B£d bot. 8/3 doz.

Cerebos Blanc Mange Powders, loz 2|d pkt. 2/3 doz.

Foster Clark’s Tapioca Custard pkt. 2/3 doz.

Asstd. Toilet Soap. 4oz 2d cake 1/11 doz.

Rosa Pure Household Soap, large .. .. 7id bar 7/- doz.

Dandy Maize Starch, 51b. parcels 7d lb.

All Prices f.o.b. Sydney. Cases and Packing Free.

Write for detailed Export Price List.

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Pabst Canned Beer

Brewed in one of the world’s largest and most modern breweries, PABST comes to you in genuine “KEGLINED” NON-REFILLABLE CANS.

PABST EXPORT BEER—A Light Lager Beer.

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Packed in Cartons containing 24 x 12 oz. cans and sold throughout the Pacific; but in case of any difficulty in obtaining supplies, write to: BOX 1861 K, G.P.0., SYDNEY.

"No Light Can Steal Its Flavour"

Mr. J. H. L. Waterhouse, who has had 30 years experience of Melanesian people, IZ aT ministration? native sSiool at Nodup, near Rabaul, arrived in Sydney by the last “Malaita” on long leave. His health has not been good, and he is now due for an extensive medical overhaul. For the last 10 years Mr. Waterhouse has devoted himself to the study of what is known as the Blanche Bay language, spoken by over 30,000 natives in New Britain, and by several thousands in New Ireland, and recently he compiled the “New Guinea Language Book—Blanche Bay Dialect”.

This is a monumen J al work, of great value to the Administration, insomuch that it provides officials with a means of getting a working knowledge of a dialect that is used in some form or other over a large area of the Territory. Mr. Waterhouse has collected and classified many hundreds of words and phrases in common use.

Mr. N. Heffernan, of Mt. Kasi, Vanua Levu, Fiji, recently married Miss Alice Simpson, at Kuladrusi, Savu Savu East.

On Ocean Island

Cost Of Water Scheme For

Ft. Moresby

Prom Our Own Corresponded PORT MORESBY, Aug. 29.

REPLYING to questions in the Legislative Council regarding a water supply for Port Moresby, the Director of Public Works, (Hon. A. P. Lyons) stated that the Administration was in communication with the Federal Government on the matter. Suggestions have been made that £27,500 of the capital expenditure of £45,250 —the estimated cost of the scheme to provide water both for civilians and the Defence Garrison —should be provided by Papua and the balance by the Defence Department.

It has been further suggested that this Territory should borrow the £27,500 from the Commonwealth; and that the annual charges of the scheme, excluding interest, should be shared equally by the Papua Government and Defence Department.

NATIVE FIGHTING IN N.G. t FIFTEEN natives were killed in intertribal fighting, on the south-west coast of New Britain, about the middle of August.

A police patrol, under Patrol Officer T.

Milligan, restored order, and brief messages subsequently received from him through his pedal radio set reported that the trouble was confined to a small area, and that no Europeans were involved or threatened.

A happy family on Ocean Island, Central Pacific.

Back: Nei Baukin (wife of Quarter-Master Sargeant Maiu, of the Ocean Island Police) and Nei Vaomua (wife of Lance Corporal Akeimo).

Front: Nei Atanikai and Nei Miliama. —Photo: Tokamaen Maiu. 16 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

MY JOAN $ >

'Oh Dont Ask

Old Slowcoach

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Thatj Poon

Joan. Id Do

Anything To

HELP HER- BUT WHAT CAN / DO ?

Shes Always

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Phyl, Shes Outgrowing I

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Put Her On Horlicks >

Is Vour Child LEFT OUT of Things?

A RE you worried about the way your child drags around . . . too tired to join in the fun?

Doctors will tell you that your child burns up more energy-creating fuel in a day than you do! Children are always on the “go”! But that lost energy has to be replaced. If it is not, then her little body tires quickly . . . she becomes dull, listless, and takes no interest in the things that normal children love so much.

Children need extra nourishment to give them additional energy, and keep them up to the mark. Horlicks will give your child this extra energy and keep her active through the critical growing years.

It’s the best energy-builder she can have—and she’ll love it!

Give your child a cup of Horlicks at bedtime, and another at mid-day.

You’ll see that awful dullness and lisllessness change to healthy vitality.

Ask your chemist or storekeeper today for a bottle of Horlicks (14% oz. size costs 3/- in the main towns throughout the British Pacific Islands).

Jorlicfc ftixeip

Alert Japanese

Sprang for Cover When Cruiser Fired THE activities of a mysterious Japanese vessel, described as a trawler and named the “Takachiko Maru”, aroused interest in Fiji and Tonga during August—so much so that when the vessel arrived in Nukualofa, Tonga, the British Agent and Consul there, Mr. A. L.

Armstrong, ordered the vessel to be searched. Nothing suspicious was found on her, but it was noted that the crew of the vessel was twice as large as required for normal trawling or trading, and her radio apparatus was very powerful.

There was a very amusing incident in Nukualofa. The trawler left Suva while the New Zealand cruiser “Achilles” was still at anchor there. Several hours after the Japanese vessel anchored in Nukualofa, H.M.S. “Achilles” arrived, and, in accordance with custom, the British warship fired a salute of 21 guns to the Royal Standard of Queen Salote of Tonga.

The crew of the Japanese ship had lined the rail, watching the arrival of the British cruiser; but, when the “Achilles’s” guns bellowed, the Japanese, as one man, threw themselves prone upon their deck, evidently believing that the British were firing upon them.

The Japanese vessel sent to Nukualofa an intimation that she would arrive in Nukualofa at a certain time and pilotage arrangements were made accordingly; but the vessel arrived four hours before the appointed time, and made her own way through the reefs and channels into Nukualofa anchorage. The captain of the vessel said that he had come there to trade; but he refused to pay the licence fee that was imposed. The trawler remained two days in Nukualofa, paying harbour dues, and then disappeared.

Japanese In Rabaul

A smart, white Japanese vessel aroused great interest in Rabaul during the latter part of August. She was called the “Hakyukoh Maru”, and she was variously described as a mother ship for pearling sampans and a training ship of the Imperial Fisheries Institute. But nothing less like a commercial vessel could be imagined—she had the trim lines and smart appearance of a navy vessel, and the extraordinary number of young men who came from her, and thronged the streets of Rabaul, were definitely of a naval type.

The little men, attired in naval uniforms, marched around Rabaul in all directions in a very orderly manner, complete with smiles and cameras. The Australians in Rabaul looked them over curiously, and watched their activities with interest, but made no comment.

Miss L. West, of 109 Ferguson Avenue, Myrtle Bank, South Australia, writes that she is “intensely interested in life in the Pacific Islands and would be glad to establish a correspondence relationship with pen friends in the Pacific”.

Rev. J. D. Copp, 8.A., and Mrs. Copp, who have joined the staff of the London Missionary Society, arrived in Apia in August. Mr. Copp comes from the United Church of Canada and has been studying in England and the Continent.

He will be Principal of the Leulumoegafou Boys’ High School at Malua. 17 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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American Beer Again

ABOUT twenty years ago, as the result of taxes charged against inhabitants of the American territories of Guam and Eastern Samoa, the American beer trade there disappeared. The people of Guam procured their beer from Japan, while in Eastern Samoa they stocked up with Australian lagers.

Recently, however, the American Congress passed certain regulations which again permit Guam and Eastern Samoa to import and consume American beer.

In other words, American beer can now be sold in Guam and Eastern Samoa as cheaply as that brewed in Japan or Australia.

Madame M. Grand, whose husband is well-known in the New Hebrides, being connected with Burns Philp (S.S.) Co.

Ltd. at Vila, left Sydney recently by the “Monterey” on a holiday visit to America. She was accompanied by her daughter, Madeleine.

Another Samoan “Old-Timer"' Passes on Mr. Thomas Andrew ONE of the best-known of Samoa’s “oldtimers”, Mr. Thomas Andrew, died in Apia on August 7, aged 84, after a long illness. He had had a picturesque and interesting life.

Mr Andrew was bom in Auckland, and started business life as a photographer.

He began his Pacific wanderings in 1886, when he was 31, and he went with his camera to places far off the usual tracks, and his collections of negatives were unique. He established a studio in Auckland, but was burned out in 1891. and so he transferred to Samoa, where he practised as a photographer until his eyesight failed. He became interested in cocoa planting, and he introduced Para rubber. Subsequently, he settled down as a general merchant. He was a friend of Robert Louis Stevenson, during the latter’s short residence in Samoa.

When it was decided to plant breadfruit on the plantations in the Solomon Islands, it was Mr. Andrew who supplied the plants, which were all collected in Samoa. In 1912, he was engaged by an Australian syndicate to report on plantation land and possibilities in the New Hebrides, a commission which he executed with tack and ability. The services which Mr. Andrew rendered to the Samoans during the epidemic of 1918 will be long remembered: he worked strenuously for long hours with no thought for himself, and saved many lives.

Hawaii-Tahiti Service

PLANNED IT was reported in Honolulu, in August, that Captain S. S. Hayden, of Maine, U.S.A., was making plans to commence a regular passenger service between Honolulu and Tahiti with his 300-ton auxiliary schooner-yacht "Aries”. Captain Hayden was collecting information from the authorities in Honolulu and in Tahiti concerning port and wharfage charges and pilotage fees. It was expected that if he commenced the service he would make regular calls at islands en route, including the Marquesas.

Mrs. Martha Brewer, wife of Mr. J.

Brewer, of Robinson River, Papua, died in Port Moresby Hospital on August 15.

MR. T. ANDREW. —Photo; Tattersall’s Studio. 18 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Sidelights In Papua And

New Guinea

By R. W. Robson, from Notes mode during o Brief Visit to the Australian Pacific Territories in August, 1939 HOW quickly the international scene changes! When we sailed north out of Caims, on the “Macdhui”, European affairs were quiet—almost placid— but every morning, when the radio bulletin was posted, we all reacted in our several ways to the news from the Far East.

“How much longer can this go on?” was the general comment, as we read of Japanese insults in Tientsin, and a cheeky move to blockade Hong Kong.

Three weeks later, back in Cairns, the news showed Europe now tensely waiting, or feverishly mobilising, while the egocentric Hitler tried to decide whether to let the balloon go up or not. The Japanese, completely disconcerted by the German-Russian Pact, were once more going into diplomatic reverse, and talking of a new friendship with Britain and America. But no one was taking any notice of them.

The greatest trial in the Territories is the absence of connected news. Every radio-owner picks up bits and pieces, indicating the general trend of world affairs: but it is quite impossible, in the absence of connected and continuing news services, set out clearly in print, to understand what actually is going on. * * ♦ 1 HEARD many new Pidgin gems in New Guinea Here is the best—the contribution of Mrs. Stewart, who still directs operations at the “Top Hotel” in Wau. For the purpose of this story, please know that banus is a fence; that susu is milk; and that a goat is something new to the natives.

There had been a domestic disaster.

The household goat had eaten madame’s new brassiere, and the houseboy was trying to convey the sad tidings.

Said the boy: “New fella dog he kaikai banus belong susu belong missus.” * * * 117 HEN the “Macdhui” entered Sala- TT maua in August, the report spread that war had broken out. Actually, the “Macdhui” was being re-painted but the great splotches of red and brown and what-not looked much like the camouflage with which merchantmen disguised themselves in the war days.

Incidentally, what must it not cost The Firm to keep white the Great White Fleet? In Sydney. I noticed the “Macdhui”, “Merkur”, “Malaita” and “Tulagi” all lying together, all shining white, but a very blasphemous bo’s’n told me that the work of maintaining them in shining whiteness was “just nobody’s business”. Most of them prowl around among Islands wharves where tarriness is considered next to godliness, and the deadly work done by the tar is finished by the bumping lighters in the more remote ports.

“I hope their paint bill will break their blinking hearts”, said one bo’s’n, fervently. “and then we’ll get back to black ships.” * * * SINCE amalgamation became a live topic up here in the tropics, the folk of Papua and New Guinea have found something new to squabble about. The “Macdhui’s” smoke-room is just like Ethel’s bar—Papua lads at one end, and the hard-boiled elect of New Guinea at the other, and occasional dirty looks between. The ladies, of course, always respond to atmosphere.

“Pooh”, I overheard. “You can keep your Papuan labourers—l’m sure we can get along without them.”

Madame Papua’s answer was prompt.

“And you can keep your Kong-Kong traders—we don’t want them down here!” ♦ * • ON the “Macdhui”. I met a charming little lady, destined to break many hearts —Miss Desiree Cridland, aged 2 'h, daughter of the R.M. at Cape Nelson, Papua. It was noteworthy that when she played with other children, she displayed an imperious and forthright spirit. She gave orders —and there was the devil and all to pay if she were not at once obeyed Mrs. Cridland apologised to the other mothers. “She has been for so long accustomed to meeting little native children that she does not know how to behave with children of her own colour. In Papua the children always, as a matter of course, give way to the white child. and Desiree now thinks it is her right.” ♦ * * ON a cool verandah, on the top of the isle of Samarai, I was neatly and smartly served with morning tea, by a Papuan house-servant so clean and deft that I remarked upon it. “Many 19 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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Strengthen your nerves, blot out that depressed feeling and brain fag, by taking a course of HARDY’S. soz. tin 2/6, lOoz. tin 3/9—from all Chemists and Stores throughout Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. people complain of incompetent houseboys”, I said.

Mrs. Aumuller snorted—if so gentle a lady can be held guilty of such a thing.

“House servants are just what you make of them—it is entirely a matter of choosing the right natives, and handling them properly. You can have admirable servants here, if you set about it the right way. If you have a poor servant here, look for a weak or incompetent master.” * * » IN quiet sunny waters, north of Samarai, we passed the place where the German raider “Wolf” captured the “Matunga” in 1917. One of the officers grew reminiscent.

"When we were pulling out from Sydney the other day, I saw Mr. Lynch on the wharf and, though it happened over 20 years ago, the memory of his language made me laugh. Lynch was chief steward on the ‘Matunga’ and, along with the rest of the crew, he was taken a prisoner to Germany There, officers were not compelled to work, but all others had to work hard. The Germans do not regard the chief steward as an officer, and so our friend got calloused hands on a pick and shovel or something. That was bad enough. But the part that really upset Lynch was the condition of the bo’s’n. According to the Germans, a bo’s’n is an officer, and so the ‘Matunga’ boatswain did not work, and enjoyed himself (as well as he could) in a prisoncamp—especially when he watched the labours of his dear old shipmate Lynch.” * * * r’.E south-east was blowing hard in Rabaul harbour, and I got Captain Michie’s permission to go up on the “Macdhui’s” bridge. “I want to see how you are going to get this ship away from that damn wharf”, I said.

They worked her away from the wharf very ingeniously, in the teeth of the southeaster—a long cable out from the stem to a heavy buoy, and then clawing up to the starboard anchor, thoughtfully dropped fifty feet out as they went in to berth. The “Macdhui” finally went out into mid-harbour stern-first, and fast, through the floating pumice—a pretty manoeuvre.

Captain Michie spoke savagely of the Government wharf and the people who built it. “Why was it put there?” he asked.

"Why couldn’t they have rebuilt the old wharf, after the 1924 fire? That was an ideal situation. We could go straight in and straight out in any weather; but the wharf at Malaguna is always awkward in south-east weather. Also, at the old wharf we could keep on working cargo in any weather, just by rigging tarpaulins At Malaguna, when it rains, we knock off ” * * * THE cedar of the Bulolo Valley, New Guinea, deservedly has a great reputation; but not many people know that the best surfboard on the Australian coast is made of Bulolo cedar. Roy Sowerby, of B.G.D. staff, Bulolo, cut the wood and dried it, and then carved a surfboard 91 feet long, 221 inches wide and 31 inches thick, and took it to Sydney Last year George Connors, at the championship meeting at Bondi, won the championship with this board; and, according to Connors, it is the best board in use in Australia. * * * rERE is talkie equipment on the ‘Macdhui”, and a roomful of old films, and when the ship is lying in an Islands port, the lonely Europeans gather eagerly to hear and see the picture-show.

But the shows have their moments of embarrassment—the pictures are rather tragically dated by ladies’ hair and motor car radiators and so forth. There was one shown aboard recently in which the announcer stated, in a voice of happy optimism, “It is expected that this great work will be finished in 1935!”

In another, Joan Crawford appears as a flapper. “That’s making it too hot”, said one gentleman to me. “I think Joan Crawford is now fighting her third husband!” * * « AS I walked along Port Moresby’s sunny street, admiring the lines of the new Moresby Hotel, there came from said hostelry a shattering burst of sound—a noise like that made by Abyssinian jaguars in their death-throes. I entered the shaded lounge, and there was Manager Bayer crossing from his office in startled leaps, waving his arms, and I gathered that his demand was the equivalent of “You can’t do that there here”

Six young men, gathered thirstily around seven bottles of beer, stared at him sourly. The concert ceased. There was argument, and then they gathered up their beer, formed fours and marched out. I had seen the 13th Heavy Battery in action.

Port Moresby now is a garrison town, and increasing numbers of troops are to be stationed there. Australian taxpayers will be gratified to know that the lowest ranks of these lads receive each £2OO per annum in pay, and £l2O per annum of tropical allowance—£32o p.a. in all.

Their mess costs them 14/- per week.

They are stuck in this quiet little town with nothing to occupy their spare time, and plenty of money on their hands . . . is it any wonder that the pubs bristle when they see the troops approaching, and that certain vivacious half-caste girls, 20 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

JWesTo'ee TOGHEYS OATMEAL STOU T in the outlying villages, are enjoying a deal of flattering attention! * * * WHEN I met Vince Smith (traveller for Dewars, Nestles, etc.) on a goldfields aerodrome in New Guinea, he was definitely and distinctly sniffy. I gathered that he had a grievance against one of the air transport companies.

“They have neither sense nor rhythm in their charges”, he declared. “They have just charged me 28 lb. overweight on my luggage. Yet look at me. I weigh eight stone—but do I get any reduction?

I do not! Some of you fellows (eyeing me offensively) ought to be charged overweight. Harold Baker was round here with me a little while ago. He weighs 17 stone. I weigh 8 stone. Yet they charged each of us exactly the same fare.”

As I left, sympathetic friends were trying to induce him to wear an overcoat, and carry his luggage in his pockets. * * « RABAUL folk seem to live quite happily in the shadow of their two beastly volcanoes. Both are quiet enough.

Vulcan steams a little and Matupi smokes and gurgles, but there rarely is a guria nowadays. But both are highly unpleasant neighbours—Matupi stinks abominably, while the south-east wind carries from Vulcan, over the countryside, large quantities of the finest pumice dust, which irritates some throats almost beyond endurance.

When the ship got in. this very foul odour from Matupi led me to a grievous misunderstanding. There was a fat passenger whom I cordially disliked; and there came a moment when I gazed upon him thoughtfully and with calculation.

“Well, well”, said I. “It is what I might have expected”, and I moved ostentatiously around to windward of him. But there the perfume was more marked; and so I tracked it to the wind which blew off Matupi. Sulphuretted hydrogen!

The Rabaul wits have been at work.

They have The Mother and Two Daughters (peaks near Rabaul) and The Father and Two Sons (peaks 90 miles away). But what should they call the new peak—the yellow monstrosity which appeared in the night of May 28. 1937? The answer is apparent. Officially, he is Vulcan. Locally and colloquially, he is The Bastard. * * * THERE was a rather lively disturbance on the verandah of the Rabaul hotel where I was staying. A woman from New Ireland was holding court. (She was the sister of a planter, and she said she had come into Rabaul to escape, for a while, “this everlasting talk of bluddy coconuts”.) The lady held up a badly scorched skirt, while before her there wriggled the culprit—a native washboy.

She pointed out, with excusable ferocity, that her skirt was ruined—all scorched.

The boy was an optimist. He indicated one little patch that was not scorched.

“Tm ’e good fella ’ere, missus”, he pleaded.

The New Ireland lady opened her lips to say the only words that would fit the occasion, noticed that I was listening, and went inside and banged the door. * * » IN Salamaua, I was surprised to hear that a man I had inquired for was dead. “What did he die of?” I asked.

The other man leaned forward and tapped the bottle.

“Victoria Fosteritis”, he replied . . .

In Wau, I was told that the consumption of canned beer has grown beyond expectations.

“Why?” I asked. m?ttlr m how tight stflfcan fllf home. You can't do that with bottles."

Also, in Wau, they told me about the local “home-brew”.

They said: “You pour it into an iron pannikin, and then drink it quickly, so that it won’t break the pannikin. * ‘ * * AFEW years ago, in New Guinea, when a man’s hair grew to untidiness, he prowled about wisi fully, begging his fellows to operate—although he well knew the horrid result. Or else he waited the arrival of the steamer, and submitted his locks to the ministrations of a cynical steward. But, to-day, thanks to the ladies, all is changed. The modern woman demands hair treatment once a on^woman 11 hahdressfr.

S ™U man's hair ™th neatness and 0 f “ hi “°‘ r Redness in his ear _ at i eas t not without encouragement. ’ * * * tjj New Guinea, they call Salamaua «j^ r Field’s sick headache”. Mr. Field is director of public works, and apparently is a competent and conscientious engineer. To-day under the instructions politicians and near^ pohticians—who knew nothing about engineering the unhappy man is trying to. 1. Find some way of filling in the 21 Pacific Islands Monthl y— S eptember 15, 1939

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W. KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD. 378 KENT STREET, SYDNEY. Cables: “Kopsen”, Sydney. bottomless Salamaua swamp, at a price less than a quarter million or so; 2. Devise a method of preventing the erosion on the sea side of the isthmus town, where the waves are always nibbling at the backyards; 3. Find a route, straight up over the vf rom 1 ? alar ? aua Wau > for a n ? C u St more an So?,’ 000 il? mld ’ and re .P r , esen t less than a king s ransom in maintenance. 4. Provide deep-water wharfage for shipping.

One imagines that tbP trouble r»f ivrr Field in rpbHnn tn M outstanding l examnlP nf l what ’ oiiLstancung example of what happens when Australia's pin-headed politicians interfere with the administration of a haVe neVW Seen and Cannot understand. # N the ramshackle old building which is called the Hotel Salamaua, and in the adjoining shacks which take the “overflow”, there are women and children living-cheerful souls who are standing by while the husbands carry on their jobs with the administration, or the airways, or the big stores.

No European family should be allowed to live indefinitely in a hotel in the tropics—and especially in a place like Salamaua. The decencies and comforts of family life are possible only in a spacious bungalow.

But, in Salamaua, they can do nothing about it. Ever since the irresponsible Mr.

Hughes arrived, and decided that the new capital should be built on Salamaua’s swamp, and ever since the wretched surveyors began to crawl around the mountain sides, seeking a route for Mr. Hughes’ snap-decision road, housing accommodation has been at a premium.

No one will build, and there is no land for building—and there will be none so long as uncertainty remains regarding Salamaua’s fate. * * * THE town of Wau may insist that it is gloomy and depressed; but in the smart little town of Bulolo—the dredging centre, a few miles away down the Bulolo Valley—there is plenty of optimism and gaiety. Established originally as a barracks for the early dredge hands, it now is the social centre of all the B.G.D. operations, and this well-organised concern sees that the little town has all the amenities of life—electric light, refrigeration, radios, locally-grown fresh food, a cinema, and so on. Burns. Philp and Co., opened a new store there last September. There now are nearly 100 European women living in Bulolo. * * * THE Government Secretary, Mr. Page, took me to see the new native village schools near Rabaul. There was fascinating interest in this new administrative activity, and in studying the methods by which the European teachers and Malaguna-trained native lads are giving small native children a knowledge of English and European wavs; but I was even more interested in watching Mr Page’s absorption in the work of the schools. Many people regard the Government Secretary as a fierce disciplinarian and a “routine hound”; but here I think I discerned the true administrative executive, who could see, beyond these rows of bright-eyed, eager, little native children, the New Guinea of 1970 or so, in which the people are a little more able to take care of themselves, and to adjust their crumbling stone-age culture to inevitable “Europeanisation”. * * * I WALKED about Rabaul, looking for pumice and broken trees and ruin, but the town was even more beautiful than when I saw it last (before the eruption). Evervone coughs and sneezes and curses over the pumice dust, which comes in on the south-easter, from the volcanic mounts: but otherwise the town is green and gorgeously b Q -flowered—much as before No one believes now that the administrative establishment will be removed. Escape roads to the north and east have been built, an emergencv camp prepared, and a 3-point vulcanologjcal observatory is being installed, to keep watch on the hellish forces now almost asleep under the southern fringe of the town. The Government that will try to move the capital, in the face of these precautions and the general complacency will be bold indeed. ♦ * * ACCEPTING an invitation to attend a general meeting of the Labour Party in Wau, I expected to hear wage rates deplored and capitalism vilified. But it was not so. I wish a talkie record had been taken of this meeting, for exhibition in Australia, to show Australian Labourites where and how they have lost the right track. The matters they discussed in Wau had to do more with the advancement of the Territory and the improvement of living conditions, than with petty selfish interests. They reminded me of the Australian Labour Party of the old days, when it was controlled by the A.W.U., and was a real force in Australian affairs. Wau Labour Party is a misnomer nowadays—it should be Wau Vigilantes or Wau Progress Association. « * * ONE of the main pastimes in Wau is the telling of stories about the more picturesque characters of the goldfields. Here is one about the late Edmund (CONTINUED ON PAGE 57). 22 September 15, 19 3 9—Pacific Islands Monthly

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23 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

The King’S School

(PARRAMATTA) N.S.W.

Boarding School, founded 1831.

School year begins February 7, 1940.

For further particulars apply to H. D HAKE, M.A. (Cantab.) Headmaster.

Mr. Eric Ernest McGowan, formerly of Labasa, Fiji, married Miss Nina Myra Jackson, of Savu Savu, at Holy Trinity Pro-Cathedral, Suva, in August. The bride until recently was a member of the Suva staff of Brown and Joske Ltd. They will make their future home at Lakeba, in the Lau Group, where Mr. McGowan has been appointed manager of Morris. Hedstrom Ltd.’s trading post.

Major E. Oughton, an English consulting engineer, arrived in Sydney from London late in August on his way to New Caledonia to study chromite deposits for the French mining concern. Societe la Tiebaghi. He told the Sydney newspapers that Japan is opening up considerable iron ore deposits in the French Colony—in four months recently they removed 35.000 tons and hope to take away each year more than 300,000 tons.

Japanese Are Not Americans

Some Lessons from the Second Generation in Hawaii (BEING NO. 5 OF SERIES OF ARTICLES DESCRIBING JAPAN’S PLANS AND

Spy Network In Pacific)

By John Williams, Of Honolulu

IN this instalment I propose to let the Japanese speak for themselves: that is, give quotations from statements of their leaders and from considered Japanese newspaper editorials, etc.

We are considering the Japanese in Hawaii because they present the best picture outside of Japan itself of how a Japanese community will “dig in” and. with approaching arrogance. remain aloof from the peoples of the lands in which they settle.

They consider themselves racially superior. To-day there are more than 150,000 Japanese in Hawaii, and the first of them settled 60 years ago. Hawaii is an ideal place for anybody to mix with another race: apart from the wide assortment of races here, there is a racial tolerance between races that is an object lesson.

If the Japs intend to mix, Hawaii is the place. Considering their number, very few have inter-married, and the ones who have are social outcasts of the Japanese community.

Those Americans responsible for bringing the Japanese horde to Hawaii (the sugar and pineapple interests) thump the propaganda drums, that the 150,000 Japanese of to-day are being Americanised, culturally and economically.

Just let us see. Look at statements published in the Japanese press in Hawaii.

There are numbers of dailies and weeklies. First of all, consider this: The Hawaii Shimpo oh March 25, 1939, bemoaned as follows: “The Japanese language papers on the U.S. mainland handle news of the current incident (the war in China) in a very unconstrained manner. Their freedom of action is enviable to Hawaii. Of course, this is because the reading public is restricted to Japanese. Therefore they can have freedom of action.

“However, in Hawaii the Japanese language papers are read by Americans, too. When we know that every word and sentence is being read by Americans (watchful Government interpreters), we must be careful of the manner in which we write. When we write on the Japanese- American relations, we must use commonsense. We must naturally refrain from hurting the feelings of the Americans . . .

Though we have something we wish to write, we try as much as possible to withhold writing it . . . There is no other alternative for us but to make the most of our lot in this manner and bear this uncomfortable situation in Hawaii.”

A Friendly Visit

HONOLULU, Aug. 22.

Japan’s navy training ship, the fourmasted “Taisei Maru”, is visiting Hawaiian waters much to the enjoyment of the 150,000 Japanese community.

Uncle Sam, with a touch of that apparent thoughtlessness which Japan is developing in the Orient, assigned the “Taisei Maru” to Pier 14, the warehouse on which is a skating rink.

The din of the skaters goes on until midnight.

Wisecracked a harbour official, as the ship pulled into the dock: — “The Japanese will learn something besides seamanship during their 10 days stay alongside the rink.”

The “Taisei Maru” leaves here to-day for a prowl through the mandated islands and Australia’s outlying isles. 24 September 15, 193 9 P acific Islands Monthly

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It will be forwarded promptly. tv-iovo iQ an irrmnrtant lananese comin unity 6 on HmraU BTOUDIt has its Japanese organiatSs !see' stocktaking of Japanese oramisations in Hawai lnd heir meanto “iM” Mav W 39. when this series 'started) including newspapers, On June 27, 1939, the Maui Shimbun moaned, too; “ ... It is not wise for the Americans of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii to wanwrong to^c°ata e that m tlre C Japanese have or will become Americanised. We believe that This is but a superficial remark ... We want to cry out loudly that the second generation Japanese of Hawaii, it is to be regretted, have a very meagre knowledge of their mother country, Japan. fAPAN isn 't letting any grass grow J under its feet in hanging on to the second generation Japs in Hawaii.

There are 110,000 of Indeedl, the of h^ dd^ er pr r^ a ownW" Scalin'* Hawaii, there are several hours daily reserved exclusively for Japanese broadcasts; these are given in the Japanese language, of course. If the 110,000 second generation Japs are being properly Americanised, you’d think that the bulk of the Jap radio programmes would be given in English. because the second generation crowd outnumber the first generation by three to one almost.

Favourite music of these Jap radio hours is the famed Patriotic March, the second verse of which says: “He who reigns above in power And in virtue dight, Sovereign of unbroken line, Is our changeless light.

We will follow one and all, Loyal subjects, we— Follow Him aright: fulfill Our great Destiny!”

Of course, they are singing about Emperor Hirohito, the “Son of Heaven” himself. These Jap radio hours do not feature patriotic songs swearing such undying allegiance to the principles of Washington’s democracy.

IN the May issue of “P.1.M.” I told how the Japanese Government officially keeps in undercover touch with evepr Jap in Hawaii, via the Consul-General in Honolulu and some 200 sub-consular agents scattered throughout the islands in ordinary civilian jobs. To make sure that these 200 agents have every Jap in hand, there is an annual round-up. The one this year was held in May. Naturally it was held on every island in the Hawaii group. The Hawaii Mainichi is the leading Jap paper on the island of Hawaii.

On May 26, 1939, it said; ‘‘The Japanese consulate in Honolulu has made a request with the Hilo (the town in which the paper is printed) Japanese sailors, aboard a Japanese warship arriving in Honolulu, give a hearty Banzai, for the Japanese residents of Hawaii. 25 Pacific Islands Monthly-September 15, 1930

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VII BITTi n *7 § rMS Japanese society to conduct an investigation of the Japanese organisations for the study of the conditions of the Japanese residents in Hilo. According to this request, the investigation is to be conducted on a wide scale and is to include organisations'composed of American citizens of Japanese ancestry . .

The Maui Shimbun on the same day carried a similar appeal, but it listed in detail the array of Jap organisations, even down to Boy Scouts.

That these annual stocktakings of the Japanese strength in Hawaii are directly supervised by the consulate was proved when the Kauai Shimpo, a Jap paper published on the island of Kauai, on May 30, 1939, reported: “Vice-Consul Toshijiro Kudo, of the Japanese consulate, unexpectedly arrived here by plane on the morning of May 27 ... As the purpose of his visit is primarily to consult with the consular agents of the various districts to bring about a smoother and faster execution of business, he is declining all receptions of a general nature . .

Of course, the Japs are worried about the impressions they make upon the Americans. They always refer to Americans as foreigners, although, of course, America happens to own-Hawaii. Consul- General Midzusawa visited the island of Kauai in October, 1938, and the Nippu Jiji (the Jap “Sydney Morning Herald” of Hawaii) on October 24, 1938, reported that Midzusawa beseeched the Kauai Japs thus: “I urge each one of you to prudently take advantage of all opportunities in the future to enlighten foreigners and correct them in order to make diplomatic relations as smooth as possible . .

JAPAN’S best implement in keeping a tight grip upon her nationals in Hawaii is the navy. Said the Honolulu Nippu Jiji on June 8, 1939: “Outside of China no other place is visited more frequently by the Japanese navy than Hawaii. Due to such relations, our navy is especially intimate with Hawaii . . ”

The Japanese in Hawaii are so devoted to the navy that on the island of Hawaii this year the Jap community decided to give a warplane to the Jap navy. The Jap undercover network swung into action and soon the price of a warplane had been secured. The man who gave the biggest cheque was Isaku Fujimoto, who happens to be the president of the Hilo Japanese Society. The money for the warplane was sent to Tokyo in American dollars, in care of Captain Mitsuo Kinoshita of the Jap navy tanker Shiriya, on April 13. In time, the warplane was built—a naval attack ’plane—and it was christened “The Spirit of the Japanese in Hawaii”.

On July 8, at the Kasumigaura naval airbase, it was ceremoniously turned over to the navy.

Most excited spokesman of all at the ceremony was Isaku Fujimoto himself, who travelled all the way from Hawaii for the event. That night, over Tokyo radio station JOAK, excited Fujimoto made a special broadcast to Jap listeners-in in Hawaii. Here is an extract: • . • Even the Japanese residents of Hawaii, separated by thousands of miles of water, are bent upon doing what little we can in (‘behind the front’ work) and think that we do not fall behind others in the manifestation of our sincerity toward our mother country. Furthermore, we came to think of this warplane donation to perform our duty as Japanese residents abroad . . ”

THE Jap navy thinks the Japs in Hawaii are fine. Here is what Captain Noboru Ishizaki, of the Jap navy tanker “Iro“, told the Jap press in Hawaii on October 25, 1938: “ . . . There is no other port which has so many Japanese as Hawaii. Our morale is raised and stimulated when we mingle with you, and our determination is strengthened to be diligent in our work.

Also, we wish to express our deep appreciation for your ‘behind the front’ sincerity, shown by donations of comfort bags, war relief and national defence money.”

On June 29, 1939, at a banquet in Honolulu. Captain Kinoshita, of the navy tanker “Shiriya”, was more outspoken.

He said: “ , . . We, as men of the navy, possess the duty of comforting you who are playing an active part in the first line of our oversea development . . .”

ANOTHER way in which Japan keeps the second generation (that is, all the Japs born in Hawaii) duly impressed with their racial and cultural superiority is the continuous encouragement of tours of Japan and North China, which are run at excursion rates by the Jap steamship lines. In commenting upon the excursions which are underway at the moment, the Hawaii Hochi, another Honolulu Jap paper, on June 8, 1939, said: “ . . . Taking into consideration the training of personalities of the second generation Japanese youths going on these trips, the sponsors are planning to introduce as many prominent Japanese leaders and second generation Japanese in Japan as possible to contribute toward their training through inspiration by these greats . .

Speaking of Americanisation of U.S. 27 Pacific Islands Monthly—September 15, 1939

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278 Post Office Place, 160 BROADWAY, MELBOURNE, VIC. SYDNEY, N.S.W. 50 Victoria Street, WELLINGTON, N.Z. born Japs, these excursions are sponsored by committees of Jap businessmen, some of them U.S. born. It is noteworthy that these “Americanised” Japs don’t conduct excursion tours of the U.S. mainland to better understand the American scheme.

An outstanding Honolulu Jap, behind the Japanisation of the U.S. born Japs, is Masayoshi Uyehara, proprietor of Kewalo Inn, top Jap restaurant in Honolulu.

Lately, he returned from a tour of Japan and North China, and on June 9 he told the Jap press in Honolulu: “ . . . The whole nation (Japan) is marching toward the ideal of national co-operation for the realisation of the aim of the great Asiatic crusade ... I have returned to Hawaii greatly impressed with Japan’s endless power and deeply inspired by the people’s sincere attitude of unanimous co-operation.” fT\HE Japanese in Hawaii are co-operat- A ing okay. Second generation Japs born in the U.S. now are being specially trained in Jap industrial schools for work in North China. The Jap language schools in Hawaii actually are teaching Chinese, to equip these youths even better. It is not a hurried job. The Japs know the “crusade” in the Orient (as they now call the China Incident > is going to be a long up-hill fight.

Said the Nippu Jiji of Honolulu on February 16, 1939: . . . The future of the employment situation in Hawaii is becoming more and more gloomy . . . mainland America is hopeless and South America is anything but satisfactory. No matter what may be said, it is the Orient, after all ...” (Next month’s instalment will reveal details, quoting precisely from Japanese sources themselves, of Japan’s new plan for the Japanisation of as much of the world as Japan can masticate.)

"Lands End" On Reef In

Eastern Papua

Japan'S Non-Pacific

ADVANCES From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Aug. 24.

JAPAN’S new order in China is doing well—thanks to British iron ore (from Malayan mines) and American oil.

Latest angle which must interest those observers watching the war machine creep southward, closer to Hong Kong, Borneo, and New Guinea.

In September, a Japanese airline is to be opened between Shanghai and Hainan Island, by way of Amoy and Canton.

American built planes are to be used.

Each plane will leave Shanghai at 10 a.m. and be in Hainan at 3 p.m.

Using American planes, also, the Japanese service from Tokyo through the Mandated Islands, to a point just north of New Guinea, is now well established.

Rev. Ramsey Ramnarayan Deoki was ordained recently at the Dudley Memorial Church, Suva, to the Methodist ministry. He is the first Fiji-born Indian to be received into full connection for service with the Methodist Mission in Fiji. His initial appointment as an ordained minister is in the Lautoka circuit, a populous Indian district.

Mr. J. Austin, of the Apia Observatory, left Western Samoa recently for U.S.A., where he will join the staff of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Major F. Hewitt, general manager in Sydney for Lever’s Pacific Plantations Pty. Ltd., visited Fiji in August by the “Aorangi”

The end of the South African yacht “Lands End”, which was recently wrecked on a reef in Eastern Papua, while on her way from New Zealand to South Africa. 28 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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"A Step Towards Self- Government"

New Electoral Law in W. Samoa From Our Own correspondent APIA, Sept. 1.

DESCRIBED by the Acting Administrator (Mr. A. C. Turnbull) as “a landmark in the advancement of the Samoans towards the responsibilities of self-government”, the Faipule Election Ordinance was passed by the Legislative Council of Western Samoa in August.

The new law is a result of representations made by the Samoan people to the "Goodwill Mission” in 1936 and it was discussed by the Samoan delegation to New Zealand in January, 1938. The Ordinance provides for the election of the Faipule to the Fono of Faipule (native Parliament), and gives effect to the wishes of the Samoans that their representatives should be appointed by the people of the 41 districts which they represent, and not by the Administrator. The Bill also piovides for a 3-yearly term of appointment of Samoan elective officials.

The present term of the Fono of Faipule expires on September 30, and the new law will operate thereafter. The proposed number of Faipule is 41, or one to every 1,365 of the total Samoan population. The method of election is left to the people themselves. Only Matais (or family heads), however, will be entitled to vote.

The Hon. Tuala, Samoan member, expressed the wish that a request of four districts, for four additional Faipule. be reconsidered in the future.

The Bogi-Walu

THE Bogi-walu or eight-night wind is a yearly visitor to Fiji in early August or late July—sometimes scarcely noticeable, sometimes severe. When severe, the accompanying sea-spray does a considerable amount of damage to vegetation on the more exposed South East coasts—the effect being counteracted, to some extent, if fine rain is present as well. The temperature on such occasions is cold. However, inland, and on more sheltered coasts, the Bogi-walu is often felt little more than as a strong cool breeze, more welcome than otherwise.

The Bogi-walu sweeps through palm leaves and pandanus; Salt spray and rain drive inland from the seas; Young August shields her face and droops her banners.

And strips for flight, and with the wind she flees.

July would fain forego her glorious gift of sunshine To breast a portion of the eight nights’ strain.

July’s apparel—not for pain but peace time— Is armour poor against the wind and rain.

Oh! linger not, July—with heart-warm kiss of sweetness: Go now—your golden sun-robe scarcely tom.

Young August, swift and slim for greater fleetness, Plies through the years, and onward we are borne.

V. M. P. COSTER.

Suva Point, Fiji, 29/7/1939.

Mr. S. Christian, of the Public Health Department, New Guinea, reached Brisbane on leave by the August “Bulolo”.

New Book For Miners

CYANIDING FOR GOLD, by lon Idriess. Published by Angus and Robertson, Ltd., Sydney, for 10/-.

Here is a book that will interest Pacific Islands goldminers. In simple language it explains the cyaniding process from A to Z—for the man who can only invest £2O in a plant up to the syndicate that can afford £3,000. This highly successful process has hitherto been the almost exclusive domain of the metallurgical chemist: now, this book brings it within reach of any man interested.

Cyaniding has meant the recovery of many millions of pounds, not only from new mines, but from old abandoned dumps. Once understood, the process is simple and has proved its efficiency in extracting very low values in gold from ores, or abandoned sand or slime dumps, operating in big or huge tonnages, depending upon the size of the plant.

Leaching plants for the treatment of sand, and agitator plants for slime treatment are clearly described, and their operation explained from the start to the smelting of the bullion.

Sergeant Rewat Singh has been awarded the Colonial Police and Fire Brigade Long Service Medal by the Fiji Government. 29 Pacific Islands Monthly- September 15, 1939

IMPORTS.

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Norfolk Island Trade

“pHE following table shows Norfolk Island’s 1 trade figures for the six months ended June 30, 1939, compared with the same period a year ago:— The engagement was announced recently of Mr. Arthur Preuss, formerly of Apia, Western Samoa, to Miss L. Mackenzie, of Inverell, N.S.W. Mr. Preuss, who is at present resident in Sydney, is a nephew of the well-known Mr. Eugene Paul, of Apia.

Walts Great Gold

DISCOVERY A Practical Joke That got Results WAU, at present, is suffering a lean period. One would think a depression had hit the town. Gold is scarce (so far as the individual miner is concerned) and men are on the alert for news of fresh and prosperous fields.

So imagine the excitement, on Sunday, a few weeks ago, caused by the discovery of a huge gold-bearing rock on the site of the Wau Hotel.

The previous day, “boys” at work in the hotel garden had unearthed this enormous stone. Two “old-timers” happened to be looking at it, when suddenly they caught the glint of gold in the sunlight.

Further examination was made. The hotel manager was excitedly called. He too, saw the precious metal embedded in the boulder.

News of the discovery soon spread, and an excited crowd gathered round the spot, quite hiding the huge rock standing s 2 c }£ se the hotel entrance. Members of the Amalgamation Committee, then visiting Wau, were interested in the find and photographed it with gusto.

A couple of mining engineers examined it, and declared that the rock contained quantities of gold. “Phenomenal”, exclaimed one of them. “A most remarkable discovery!”

Most people were convinced that a great discovery had been made. However, there were a few sceptics. Their statement that the rock had been “doctored” was howled down with derision.

Conversations turned to similar miraculous discoveries during the early days Gold became the topic of the day. It looked as if anew field had been discovered, right in the building block of the hotel.

Then arose arguments as to whom this prospect should belong. To the finders naturally, some averred. Others stated that it was the property of the hotel and others firmly declared that the rock stood on gound which had been pegged by New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd.

Rumours next spread that probably the stone would be stolen during the night.

The manageress detailed a line of “boys” to haul the great rock to the safety‘ of the back precincts. So, to much heaving and hauling, the object of interest, was removed by a team of sweating and straining “coons”.

Interest did not die with this removal.

Most events in Wau arouse the gambling instinct. Many of the “sports” now started betting the sceptics that the rock did contain gold—and the sceptics took them on! By night, the gambling fever ran high, and quite a few men stood to lose a lot of money if the rock proved valueless.

Meanwhile, the two old-timers who had made the “discovery”, and kept the interest in it running high, began to scratch their heads. They had not expected events to take this turn.

Observing the rock that morning, they had seen the opportunity for a great practical joke. To see was to act, but it looked as if their sense of humour had gone out of control.

So they drew aside a pal who had much money invested in the betting. To him they explained the origin of the “gold” in the rock. They confessed that they had visited the local garage where they obtained a tube and some filings. The tube they scraped over the rock and rubbed in with their boots. The filings they inserted in the crevices. Nobody had noticed, in the excitement, that whenever a curious onlooker dug out a piece of metal, one of the two invariably got hold of it, and conveniently lost it.

So all bets were called off, and “the great gold discovery” died a sudden and natural death. For nobody likes to be tricked—especially in this case, as the “tricked” were mostly men who had been dealing with the elusive metal all their lives!

But no harm was done, and the joke caused plenty of excitement and amusement.- -J.A.S.

It is reported that a soil survey will be undertaken shortly for the Nederlandsche Maatschappij voor Nieuw Guinea (Netherlands Company for New Guinea), under the direction of Messrs. Gortmans and Schwartz, in the southern part of the Nimburan District, Dutch New Guinea. 30 September 15, 193 9 P acific Islands Monthly

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Infant Welfare Work On Ocean Island

To Help Small Miners In

New Guinea

IN order that relief may be afforded small miners and prospectors on the New Guinea goldfields it has been decided by the Australian Federal authority to introduce legislation at the September meeting of the New Guinea Legislative Council whereby miners, in certain circumstances will be relieved of the obligation to pay royalty on gold exported.

This information was conveyed by Mr.

Green. M.P., to the August meeting of the Labour Party in Wau.

This relief, while welcome, will not be of much assistance to the small miners.

The two chief reforms which they require are the introductions of cheaper transport and the restoration to them of the right to enter upon land held and not used by big concerns, and there pegsmall areas which they may work with dish and box —virtually, the reintroduction of Section 38A of the Mining Ordinance.

Mr. Les. Maguire, of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., Rabaul, New Guinea, arrived in Australia at the end of August by the “Macdhui” on leave. After his furlough, he will join B.P.’s branch at Darwin.

Duchess Liner May go on Trans-Pacific Run THE following from the London representative of the Sydney “Sun” was published late in August:— Negotiations are proceeding to replace the old liner “Niagara" with the Canadian Pacific liner “Duchess of York” (20,000 tons) or one of the other four “Duchess” ships.

With this liner altered to fit the Pacific trade, it is expected that she will maintain the Canadian-Australasian service in conjunction with the “Aorangi” until building costs drop and two new liners can be constructed.

The new plan has called for renewed discussions between the British. Australian, Canadian, New Zealand and Fijian Governments, as to their willingness to assist financially.

The “Niagara” was built in 1913, and has a speed of between 16 and 17 knots.

The “Aorangi”, built in 1924, has more speed and in recent years has been reconditioned, to meet modern requirements.

The “Duchess of York”, which was completed in 1929, was launched by Queen Elizabeth, when she was Duchess of York. The “Duchess” liners can carry more passengers than the liners on the Canadian-Australasian service at present.

Normally they trade between Liverpool and Montreal. Their speed is in the vicinity of 111 and 18 knots.

Mrs. Isabel Martin, wife of Mr. W. R.

Martin, formerly of Suva, died recently in Sydney. She had a wide circle of friends in Fiji, Since a special medical centre for infant welfare work was opened by the British Phosphate Commission on Ocean Island, Central Pacific, early in 1988, the infant mortality rate has dropped from 50 per cent, to 22 per cent. The rate is improving still, as the dreaded infantile beri-beri disease is being controlled.

Matron Myrtle Whelan, sister-ineharge of the centre, who has been responsible for much of the good work accomplished on Ocean Island, is shown in the accompanying photograph with some of her young patients. The baby in her arms was given only three days to live, hut was saved by skilful nursing and diligent care. 31 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 193 9

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Japanese Trade Thrust

And Japan's Point of View Letter to the Editor IN reference to a letter appearing in your journal in July under “A Mysterious Occurrence”, in which a resident of the New Hebrides complains of the unwonted generosity of Japanese traders, it is interesting to read the following passage in “Foreigners Aren’t Fools” by Christopher Hollis, Dealing with future Japanese markets, in a chapter which gives the Japanese point of view rather than the European, he quotes a Japanese:— “Ah, but these European markets—we (the Japanese) are not really interested in them. We know that you can exclude us from them and we know that you will exclude us eventually. But there is the rest of the world, that is neither white nor yellow. The people there * are poor but there are many, and their purchasing power is bound to increase. You cannot exclude us from its markets, or can only do so at a price that will ruin you.

“Consider that world. Large parts of it you own—one or the other of you. Perhaps, according to your imperial systems, you have the nominal right to impose tariffs there against us. But the natives in these countries have no wish that Japanese goods should be excluded. It is not their industry that is in competition with Japanese industry; it is the industry of Prance and England, Germany and America. They want only the cheapest articles—that is, the Japanese.

“Therefore, by imposing tariffs you will earn for yourselves great unpopularity. Already you are unpopular enough and you cannot afford more unpopularity.

You will not be able to impose such tariffs against the will of the natives.

Already the more intelligent of you, such as the British in India, have recognised this, and others will have to recognise it ...”

It seems that your correspondent is not far from the truth, when he states that he should not be surprised if the ostentatious display of generosity he mentions was not for the whiteman, but for the natives, and that Japan is bent on pushing her trade throughout the South Sea Islands.

I am, etc..

TRADER.

Pt. Moresby.

August 20. 1939.

A Financial Plan That

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One business man in Wellington had been asked to subscribe £2,000 to a syndicate which, with £5,000 capital, would buy up most of the issue, market it among English philatelists, and sell sterling to New Zealand importers. Profits of 600 per cent, were hoped for and 15 per cent, was guaranteed.

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Harris, formerly Treasurer of Papua, married Miss Elizabeth Mary Murray, of Sandringham, Victoria, at St. John’s Anglican Church, Port Moresby, Papua, on August 8. 32 September 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Discontent And Hopelessness

In Mandated Territory

Urgent Need for Revision of Native Labour and Commercial and Mining Conditions and for New Statement of Policy :: The Evils of "Canberra Control"

By R. W. Robson

RABAUL, August 20.

FROM one end of the Territory of New Guinea to the other, within a crowded ten days, I found grumbling and discontent. I heard the Administration charged with every offence from calculated procrastination to matricide, and I have been presented with 304 different recipes for bringing prosperity back to New Guinea —304 being approximately the number of persons with whom I discussed Territory affairs.

After all this, it would be simple and easy to solve all these feverish problems by hanging Walter Ramsay McNicoll to a sour journalistic tree.

I am no apologist for W.R.M., and— since he came to the Territory without any discernible right or title to the Administratorship—he can be held blameworthy for much; but it must be said, in all fairness, that most of the Territory’s present curses should be directed at Canberra rather than Namanula.

Canberra drove out the only Administrator whom the whole Territory respected and acclaimed—namely, General Griffiths—and Canberra has created no bed of roses for the wellmeaning but inexperienced Sir Walter McNicoll.

Here are set out what, in my opinion, are the causes of the present unhappiness in the Mandated Territory, and I thihk that this is the order of their importance:— The complete and lamentable failure of the Administrator and the Commonwealth Government to formulate any policy, either consistent or comprehensible, for the government of the Mandated Territory.

The weakness of the Administrator in permitting “Canberra office-boy control”, so that the decisions of the Administrator and his advisers are frequently over-ridden by petty officials and ignorant politicians in Australia— little being done, nowadays, without reference to Canberra—and the Rabaul Administration consequently is not held in respect by New Guinea residents.

The depression in the copra industry—revealing the failure of the Administration, during the past twenty years, to introduce other forms of agricultural enterprise, so that the planters, in a time like this, are left with all their eggs in one basket; and the Treasury has to depend largely upon the fortuitous gold industry.

The failure of the Administration to provide new opportunities and encouragement for the “small men” among the goldminers, so that the industry now is mostly in the hands of the big

This Article—And The

NEW WAR.

This article about conditions in New Guinea was written, and in type, before the European war had broken out.

The article is a plea for constitutional and administrative reform; but it now may be taken as certain that there ivill be no changes of far-reaching importance made during the tear period.

But , when the war is over, there probably will be vast changes in governments and territorial boundaries; and those changes almost certainly will affect the Mandated Territory of New Guinea.

For that reason, we decided to publish this article, now. It will accomplish little, under present conditions; but it may be of some value, in the general reorganisation, later on. 33 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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At the end of this article I shall set out the kind of policy which I believe is urgently necessary if the New Guinea Administration is to be anything other than an expensive muddle. But the formulation of a real policy is not easy—there is so much dead wood to be cleared away.

SOME ANOMALIES.

CONDITIONS in the Territory are a mass of maddening contradictions.

Judged on personnel, here probably is the finest administrative service in the Pacific—keen and capable young Australians, clean-cut, healthy lads who are ready to go anywhere and do anything. Yet, judging by what is being accomplished, and by what appears to be the feeble and uncertain purposes of the Administration, this is a partly useless and definitely expensive service, top-heavy and over-staffed.

Here is a country so rich that it brings water into the mouths of every international scout that happens along—a great expanse of fertile land and the widest range of climate. This country, like Java, could carry millions of little peasant-producers. As it is, after 20 years of Australian rule, and, although the Administration receives £lOO,OOO per annum alone out of gold-royalties, there is very little real development outside the goldfields, and the Administration to-day cannot make financial ends meet.

THE BIG COMPANIES.

WITHIN the Territory there are operating half a dozen rich and powerful companies, controlling merchandising, transport, planting and mining. Their dominating purpose, of course, is profit-making. This is no new phenomenon. But in other new countries, during the last two centuries, wise Governments usually saw to it that the enterprise and driving-force of profit-making companies were not only controlled but were woven in with governmental programmes of development and progress. Shrewd and capable men usually direct these New Guinea companies, and are quite ready to give their services also to the Government.

But in New Guinea one cannot find any real co-operation between Administration and companies, in the fundamental job of governing New Guinea so that it will become increasingly a bulwark of Australia. Instead, they face each other like duellists; they are very courteous and sweet to each other, but neither trusts the other for one moment. The result is that the hard-boiled, noncfficial residents of the Territory, almost without exception, snarl and sneer whenever the name of a big company is mentioned. The casual visitor goes away with the impression that pirates of the baser sort still operate in this part of the Pacific.

Which is funny enough, but not a very good thing. People of all descriptions are always drifting through here, and few look far enough under the surface to see that most of the progress and development here in the last twenty years is due directly to the operations of the big firms, and very little to the Administration.

Of course, I know the Administration’s petulant answer to all this:— "Have we not provided the companies with all the facilities and protection they ask for? Have we not made the way very easy for them?”

And I can answer, in chorus with Territory residents, "Too right, you have!”

My point is that the Administration has failed to use the activity and energy of the companies for the permanent development and advancement of the Territory, just as it has failed to use the providential revenues of the ephemeral gold industry for the permanent establishment of new agricultural industries. 34 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Islands Produce Sold on Shippers’ Account Liberal Advances against Consignments. 22 Years Islands Trade Experience Bankers: Bank of New South Wales. Correspondence in English, French & Germain One could go on quite a way, enumerating these contradictions.

But it can be all summed up in a sentence. In New Guinea, Australia has all the personnel, and all the material, and all the money necessary for the establishment of a flourishing tropical Empire, but because she lacks leadership and any kind of policy, conditions are static, and she is just fumbling about.

WHITHER?

WHAT are you trying to do here?”

I asked the question of departmental heads, directors of commerce, field officers, miners, members of the Legislative Council. And the usual pious answer was “God knows!”

One capable and earnest man, who takes seriously his job as head of an important department, told me about the Mandate. “We do not hold this as an Australian territory, to be developed for the benefit of Australia” he said. “We hold it in trust for the natives, and our main responsibility is to train the natives so that they may be able to govern their country for themselves.”

I sneered, as behoves one who believes neither in the Versailles Treaty nor the League of Nations. “And how many hundreds of years is it going to take to train them to govern themselves and to protect their country against Asia?” I asked.

“Well,” he said. “There’s the Mandate.”

“And there are the Japanese” I said.

He looked glumly out of his window. A Japanese training-ship of some sort was visiting the port, and the avenue, outside, was sprinkled o’er with parties of little yellow men, complete with smiles and cameras.

Politicians like Mr. W. M. Hughes —written down a “statesman” because of his aptitude in finding the right word, but as an administrator one of the most futile fumblers Australia ever has placed in a position of responsibility—like to quack about “the Australian record in New Guinea”, and they quote figures from the annual report. They love to show that, when Germany surrendered the Territory, the white population, and the trade turn-over, and the natives under control, were one-tenth or onetwentieth of what they are to-day.

And the fool public, and the fool newspapers which instruct the fool public, insist that figures cannot lie.

But the facts are that all the new population, and most of the new trade are the direct result of the establishment of the gold industry. If those original tough prospectors had not fought their way into the Morobe mountains, and if British and American companies had not found unlimited capital and technical genius wherewith to develop the gold discoveries, the condition of New Guinea to-day would have been wretched and lamentable.

The Administration and Mr.

Hughes—cannot see that this fortuitous and ephemeral gold industry has no permanent value to New Guinea, unless it is used to establish new settlement and agricultural industries.

The rich gold revenues (royalties, license fees, a huge total of Customs duties collected off machinery, equipment and supplies) have allowed the New Guinea public service to be doubled and trebled. And to what end? Control has been extended over considerable areas hitherto uncontrolled; Administrative machinery has been placed on the goldfield; a few roads and wharves have been built, and a few navigation lights installed. The balance of the Administration’s achievements comes mostly under the heading of providing equip - 35 Pacific Islands Monthly— September 15, 1939

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AUSTRALIA merit and the amenities of life for the constantly expanding administrative service. Years of time and incrediblc sums of money have been frittered away. The manner in which both revenue and accumulated surplus have disappeared is now one of the main topics of conversation, here, HY are there no new agricultural industries? There is a Department of Agriculture, staffed by eager, competent men, who ought to be assisting and guiding new planting enterprises. But there is little new planting. Of all the returned soldiers who were placed on the expropriated plantations in 1920-21 by the ineffable Mr. Hughes, few are independent. Most remain hopelessly in debt, and In many cases the plantations are deteriorating. New planters, who have come into the Territory and established plantations, could be counted on the fingers. Why keep these agricultural experts on the Administration staff, when there is no new land being made available, and no new planters?

There are two forestry officers in the service, and there is much timber, and very numerous inquiries by timber-interests from as far distant as America; but when I asked what the forestry officers were doing I was told, vaguely, “Oh, just making surveys and calculations”.

There is an exceedingly wellequipped and active Public Works Department; and, heaven knows, this country needs roads and bridges. But, under the new financial stress, its operations almost certainly will be curtailed. It and the Lands Department have been using up their energy, and large sums of money in trying to give practical effect to the plans enunciated by the impetuous Mr. Hughes, over a year ago.

THE Administration is supposed primarily to be caring for, and educating and training the natives.

Actually, its achievements under this head make a most miserable showing.

Except for a few village schools—the recent joint offspring of the Malaguna training school and of the Nodup school, conducted by the enthusiastic and self-sacrificing J. H.

L. Waterhouse—the Administration has left education mainly to the Missions. Each Mission has its own system, probably good in itself—but there is no co-ordinating authority, and not a sign of a central, dominating purpose.

I asked a Mission teacher: “What are you educating these natives for?”

He looked vague, and a little startled, and then he said, “For the glory of God”—which was Missionlike and proper.

There are quite a lot of medical officers in the Territory now, and a couple of dozen “medical assistants”, indefatigably attending to whatever native sicknesses come under their notice—the whole system being like an old woman attacking a locust swarm with a fly-spray. There must be nearly a million natives, mostly requiring medical attention.

I could not find anywhere any evidence of a co-ordinated native health policy. The Administration does a bit, and the Missions do a good deal more, and the employers, for their own sakes, keep their labourers clean and healthy; and the rest just lies on the knees of the age-old gods. As a matter of fact, the labour-recruiting system, bad though it may be in principle, probably does more than any other agency in cleansing the natives of the many disease due to dirt and lack of sanitation.

The magnificient work being done by the Suva Medical School, in training native medical practitioners, is ignored, and apparently unknown, in New Guinea. 36 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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THE NATIVE LABOUR SYSTEM. lASKED myself, finally: “What is this elaborate and expensive Administration really doing for the natives of New Guinea?” And I had to answer: “Mainly, providing over 40,000 indentured labourers for the gold, plantation and transport industries, and keeping check over them”.

There, probably, is the crux of this New Guinea problem—the native labour system.

The Territory needs about 40,000 native labourers —about half for the gold and associated industries. So large a proportion of the natives live under entirely primitive conditions that the provision of 40,000 men for the labour lines not only disturbs, but in many cases completely dislocates, the balance of native social and economic life. The Administration — very properly—is worried about it. To protect native life and institutions, it is closing considerable areas against recruiting, and insisting that timeexpired labourers be repatriated, although the labourers themselves are quite willing to re-sign for another three years.

Far-reaching troubles can be traced back to the new mining industry’s insistent demand for 12,000 or 15,000 labourers.

The Administration, honest but nervous and fumbling, is trying to do its best for the natives. The employers are cursing, because they cannot get enough labourers, even at the heavy recruiting cost of £lO per head.

They blame the Administration and howl to Canberra. Canberra nags at the Administrator, and it is pointed out that the country cannot be developed by private enterprise if the employers cannot get sufficient cheap labour. The Administration then plays its trump card—its obligations to the natives, under the Mandate.

Nevertheless, it tries to obey Canberra and please the employers.

And so they chase each other’s tails around, in a vicious circle, and get in each other’s way.

Under the drive of these circumstances, the main relationship be> tween the Administration and the natives has become one in which the Administration is practically compelled to provide machinery for indenturing 40,000 natives, and for policing the system. At the risk of giving offence to powerful interests, I say that that system is fundamentally wrong, and (anomalous as it may seem) it is the chief cause of the paralysis 6f administrative and developmental progress in New Guinea. The Administration is kept so busy looking after the indentured labourers, required by private enterprise, that it has little time for the education and training of the natives generally, and no time for the proper encouragement, control and direction of private enterprise in the development of the country.

TERRITORY PESSIMISM.

THIS absence of a policy, and of clear-cut leadership, is having a demoralising effect.

Never, in any tropical country, have I found such pessimism as exists among the non-official Europeans in the Mandated Territory—and I do not forget that Australians are notorious grumblers and non-cooperators.

The few free planters are depressed because the price of copra is low, and they have had no real assistance and encouragement in growing alternative crops. The bound planters have reached a condition of “don’t care”— they see no hope of ever getting rid of their debts to the Expropriation Board and the big firms, and so they just carry on grimly, without any confidence in anything. The small traders have reason enough for gloom —they are fighting a losing battle against the Chinese, into whose hands all the small storekeeping business is passing.

PLIGHT OF THE SMALL MINER.

A VOLUME could be written about the lamentable condition of the 37 Pacific Islands Mon thly—September 15, 1939

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small miner—that dogged, tough individualist who found and opened the Morobe goldfield.

Ten years ago, there were hundreds of “little men” scattered all over the Morobe valleys, bending a primitive and inhospitable country to their gold-seeking purpose, and so taming it for the white settlers to follow— after the manner of California and Australia, New Zealand and the Transvaal. To-day, few of them are left. Nearly all the gold-bearing flats and valleys and hillsides along the Bulolo, from Wau right down to the Markham, now are held by big companies, who operate with mills and sluices and treatment plants.

Of every “little man” I have met, in recent years, I have asked this question: “If you had an open go on company land, do you know of any place that you could peg out and turn into good money?” And, in practically every case, the answer was enthusiastically and blasphemously in the affirmative.

But, although they were certain that they could go immediately on to good gold, in not one case would they even indicate its locality—they all hope that some day, somehow, it will be possible for them to go back and work that undisclosed patch that is rich enough for the little man, but not rich enough for a tribute. I gathered that they would cut out their tongues before they would tell the companies where these rich patches are.

Many times, in the past, in this journal, New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd. have been described as the black beast which sits upon the neck of Wau and chokes the future out of the Morobe gold-mining industry. For many years that stupid, blundering, mismanaged and monopolistic concern squatted upon nearly all the gold-bearing country around Wau. kept out the little men and muddled about with the richer leases. It was one of the worst exhibitions in the checkered history of gold-mining.

And the New Guinea Administration, listening to the yappings of the titled gentlemen who controlled the concern from the distant London boardroom, permitted the company to squat indefinitely on country that should have been worked for the benefit of the little men and the glory of the New Guinea Treasury. The principal muddlers now are eliminated, and more practical men are shaping the operations of New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd., so that big-scale mining is going on in five places and tributers are being given a chance; but N.G.G. still are the bete noir of Morobe.

If the grip of the company could be removed from the lands which now it merely squats on and does not use, there would be pitofitable workingplaces for hundreds of little men all along those flats and hillsides, from Wau Creek right down to the Bulolo power house; and the town of Wau, instead of being merely the home of a few hundred pessimistic employees of companies, would be a centre of perhaps a couple of thousand Europeans.

New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd. is the chief sinner; but Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd.—whose extraordinary success literally has put New Guinea upon the map—does not escape criticism. The little men declare that there is much rich ground around the edges of the Bulolo flats, which the dredges cannot reach, and which either should be worked, or opened up under reasonable conditions to the little men.

Despite the choking grip of the big companies, a few “small shows” are operated along the Bulolo, especially in the Gorge. Here and there, “little men” are at work in the creeks, with half a dozen boys and a box—mostly on tribute. H. T. Allen is one of the lucky ones—he has a five-years lease, and a good head of water, and he is sluicing a fortune out of blue wash, just north of Wau. In the Gorge, in addition to the valuable property owned by Mrs. Doris Booth, I noted areas being worked (mostly sluiced) by Tex Thomas, Charles Blake and Bob Day, Norman Neale, Fred (“Yukon”) Smith, and Lee and Sid Ashton. There are other “small shows” over in the Black Cat gorges -—despite terrific transport costs.

These are not “little men”—they could not get their water-races and sluicing equipment into position without substantial capital. It is foul country—mostly perpendicular, and sliding on its bottom—and they have been washed out by floods a couple of times; yet it is so rich that, if only they are permitted a few months of uninterrupted work, they will make fortunes. 38 September 15, 19 3 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Copyright 8214 But—and note this, Rabaul and Canberra!—these men mostly are on tribute; and it is well known that if they get on to a really rich patch, and disclose good gold, the tributing company immediately kicks them out, so that it may work the ground for itself.

This limited activity by “little men” and “small shows”, in spite of handicaps like tributing charge and enormous transport costs, indicates what would happen if there were cheaper transport and freer access to the unused, gold-bearing land.

From the national viewpoint, it is monstrously wrong that rich country should be merely squatted upon by companies, and not used; whereas, if Governments did their duty, hundreds of European individualists, instead of a limited number of company employees, could make a good living and rear their families in this comparatively pleasant climate. This beautiful Bulolo Valley could become the home of a large European population; and, from such a centre, pulsating waves of colonising energy would flow out over this undeveloped and almost unknown land of New Guinea —described recently as “a second Kenya”.

That is the position that might be.

The position that actually exists is that the Morobe goldfield now is worked by two large companies, three or four small ones and a dwindling corps of individual miners, and the Morobe population comprises mostly the employees of companies, who have little interest in the country, and literally count the days from one leave to the next. The field is producing gold worth over £2,000,000 (Australian) per annum; but, as p centre of pioneering energy, it has deteriorated in a very tragic manner, compared with what it was ten years ago.

The Kind of Policy Needed in New Guinea WHAT should Australia do with New Guinea? Here is an outline of policy that is guided by the errors of the past, takes cognisance of the present confusion and discontent, and seeks to envisage both the domestic and international necessities of the future.

Australia’s future occupation of New Guinea is based upon certain fundamental considerations, as follow: The country must be held by Australia, because its possession is vital to Australian safety.

The protection of the natives, and their adaptation to a Europeanised world, must be the first responsibility of the occupier.

Australia’s occupation of this vast, rich country cannot be justified unless there is an organised and intelligent effort to make use of the country’s economic resources.

Development can be secured only by encouraging private enterprise, and by training and assisting the natives to make greater use of their country’s resources.

Developmental activities require money. 39 Pacific Islands Monthly—Scptember 15, 1939

YES/ but WHICH) painf rs OF COURSE ers (PRfPA RED) / 3(eeps on keeping AGENTS THROUGHOUT THE ISLANDS.

Australia has not, and is not likely to have, any money to spare for this purpose. In actual fact, through the providential discovery of gold. New Guinea has ample resources of her own, for the development of the country—provided always that there is reasonable economy in administration.

The administration and development of New Guinea is a job for trained men —for experts, who should be selected with great care, and then given plenary powers.

Based on these fundamental considerations, the policy to be followed by Australia in the Administration of New Guinea should be somewhat as follows; CONSTITUTIONAL.

The world has changed since the Mandate was given, so let the Mandate be interpreted as Japan has interpreted her Mandate over the Caroline and Marshall Islands— namely, that the possession of this country is vital to Australian defence.

If this is incompatible with Australia’s obligations to the moribund establishment in Geneva, let the Mandate be revised.

ADMINISTRATIVE.

The Administrator to be a man trained in tropical administration, and his appointment to be freed entirely from political influences. He should be given practically the authority of a dictator, within the limits of a carefully formulated policy, but would be expected to consult regularly with his Executive Council (consisting of his senior departmental heads and one or two non-ofßcial residents). He should be directly responsible for the efficient administration and proper development of the Territory, and his appointment might be subject to review, in special circumstances, by some competent, non-political authority. (This would remove the factor which constantly has disturbed the Territory’s political and economic balance and partly has demoralised the Territory’s senior officials— namely, control of the Administrator by Canberra officials, and persistent, frequent and irresponsible interference in Territory affairs by unrespected politicians. Nominally, the Administrator is responsible only to the Prime Minister of Australia; actually, the latter invariably delegates “charge of the Pacific Territories” to an inconspicuous Assistant Minister, who usually is so ignorant of the Territories that he can be influenced and directed by bureaucratic officials, self-seeking politicians and cunning lobbyists. It is, for example, a notorious fact that practically every big concern operating in New Guinea and Papua has at least one “tamed politician” in or near Canberra, who will go arguing or protesting or whispering to the Assistant Minister and attendant officials whenever his firm’s interests are affected by some turn of affairs in the Territories.

Conditions in New Guinea cannot be satisfactory until the Administrator really is the Administrator, and has the authority, as well as the personal strength and courage, to tell the Canberra officials and politicians, and the commercial ear-biters and the local gentlemen who threaten to howl their grievances in the South, to go and jump in the sea.) ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICE.

This should be built around an organisation of first-class, welltrained, highly-paid men—but the whole service should be planned with a closer regard for financial limitations than is now the case. At present, the service is in danger of breaking down under th’e financial weight of too many unimportant people, who enjoy all the expensive privileges of tropical employees. Unimportant and routine clerical and 40 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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DUP4IIIE similar duties could be performed by trained Chinese, half-castes and local Europeans, under a local instead of a special Australian contract of service.

Reform in this direction will be very difficult, however—the service has been staffed up lavishly with a competent and deserving class of people, and it could be reduced only slowly, if injustice and hardship are to be avoided.

NATIVES AND NATIVE LABOUR.

The training, education and medical care of the natives should be the first responsibility of the Administration.

Inevitably, one way or another, these primitive natives will be “civilised”. Is the process to be haphazard, as at present, or according to a defined plan? Are the natives to be trained for a particular purpose, or merely to be “brought under control”, so that they may provide a huge labour supply for private enterprise?

At present, by far the biggest factor in training and “Europeanising” the natives, and providing them with a medical clean-up, is the indentured labour system, under which at least 40,000 men—mostly young primitives —are kept under fairly strict labour discipline, with no end in view other than the exploitation of their labour.

By comparison of influence, the number of children being trained in the schools is insignificant. Not even the most ardent commercialist will argue that that is a good system.

If there is to be a wider education system, what will be the purpose of the education and training? There can be only one—namely, to train these people to become producers on their own lands. Fifty thousand native peasants, growing their own food and producing sufficient of marketable commodities to permit them to buy the European goods to which they will have become accustomed, would give New Guinea a far greater economic importance than all the European planters who might be induced to settle in the Territory.

But the establishment of ALL the natives in New Guinea as peasant farmers would still leave plenty of room for as many white planters as might wish to enter. Fifty thousand native peasant farmers would create immensely wider opportunities for traders, manufacturers, artisans, etc.

There should be no interference with any natural flow of New Guinea native labour to the native labour market; but all semblance of forced labour should cease, and the energies of the Administration should be diverted to the task of training the natives to become peasant farmers.

If the inevitable, growing demand for labour cannot be supplied normally by the Territory, it should be met by bringing in Asiatic labour, under a strict system of indenture and repatriation.

Economic Development Of

TERRITORY.

The Administration’s second important responsibility should be the economic development of New Guinea, by the encouragement of private enterprise generally, and of Australian enterprise in particular.

Companies should be encouraged to invest in the Territory; but this does not mean that the present system (probably not .deliberate) of discouraging small individual enterprises should continue.. On the contrary, the individual should be protected against the companies—as, for example, in Wau, where at present a large company has squatted for years upon big areas of gold-bearing lands, while individual miners—whose enterprise and industry are among the Territory’s greatest assets—are drifting away. It should be the obligation of the Administration to provide adequate labour—by importing contract labour from India or China, if necessary, subject to repatriation guarantees. (Continued Overleaf) 41 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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Co-Operation With Big

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The Administration should expect and receive the co-operation of the big trading, mining, transport and planting companies, as well as of the Mission organisations. Because the big companies necessarily are directed by clever, shrewd men, who play their own hands grimly and tenaciously, it is assumed that usually they are anti-Administration. Actually, in practically every instance, they are men of wide vision and strong patriotism: and if the Administrator were strong and courageous enough to take them frequently into consultation, and able enough to advance and advocate the national interest when it ran counter to sectional commercial interests, he would receive help of almost incalculable value.

When The Tourist

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Guard The North!

Letter to the Editor I HAVE sent my copy of July “P.1.M.” to a friend, drawing attention to the story of the “Wolf” and the “Matunga”, and to the description of Japanese activities in the Islands. I have also written to a member of the Federal Parliament drawing attention to the two articles. I think, in the public interest, those two items should be brought before each member of the Federal Ministry.

The lights up north may be described as myths; but seamen are not easily deceived, and when an enemy strikes, he will not come to Sydney with a blare of trumpets. Having seen Frazer Island, and knowing a little of the north, I think it is time we arranged for friendly Indian troops to guard it, instead of expecting 250 young men to hold out against the stronger powers who already are boasting of their strength.

I am, etc., F. TOWNSHEND.

Mosman, N.S.W.

August 18. 1939.

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Wellington, N.Z. There are in it more than 300 weapons and articles of native craftsmanship from the whole of the Western Pacific, and the collection is of great value.

The collection was assembled by the late Mr. Gustav Kronfeld, Auckland.

South Seas islands trader, and was presented to the museum by his wife. Mrs.

Louisa Kronfeld, “Yes, I’m an Inspector of Native Affairs.”

“Gee! Then these coons have ‘affairs’, too?" 42 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Asiatic Labour For New

GUINEA?

Letter to the Editor YOU seem to advocate, in a recent issue of your journal, the introduction of Asiatic labour to meet labour needs in New Guinea, subject to a strict guarantee of repatriation. I presume that this means Asiatic men would be brought in for a fixed period, kept in labour barracks. and then returned. Do you think it would be right to introduce such an evil to New Guinea? Do you know anything of the horrible practices which occur when men are herded together like this, and separated for a long period from their womenfolk? Better keep them out of New Guinea altogether.

I am, etc., SOCIAL WORKER.

Sydney, August 15, 1939.

EDITORIAL NOTE—Our correspondent is either very innocent, or is trying to pull the editorial leg. If “Social Worker” ever had been in New Guinea he would have known that the New Guinea indentured labourers are separated from their wives and families for years on end; that they are kept in isolated labour lines, on the goldfields and plantations: and that sodomy and all other kinds of evils are rife, in consequence. If he is interested in this subject, he should read, in this issue, the article about Wau’s latest scandal —the “sing-sings”, organised by the indentured labourers of the goldfields.

That Queer “Tin-Can Mail”

In Tonga UNDER the heading, “Bogus Mail’’, the Melbourne “Herald” recently published this: — Once again a season approaches in which people post envelopes to Niuafoou Island. No greeting and no personal or business message of any kind goes in most of these envelopes. The senders are interested only in having the covers delivered by “Tirt Can" post, and returned to them duly stamped and post-marked.

In July, the Union S.S. Co.’s ship •Maunganui” reached Niuafoou Island in the course of a cruise to Tonga, Samoa and Fiji. The mail, which is one of the star novelties of stamp collectors, was duly dropped overboard in sealed tins to be picked up by the island mailman in a canoe.

The Australian collector of philatelic curios sends sixpennyworth of unused stamps with a cover addressed to himself.

The Tongan postal service gets 2id. on each transaction, and there is a small profit left for the islanders. Perhaps the profit is not so small, however. Since 1930, more than half a million letters have been mailed from Niuafoou to addresses in 65 countries.

Mr. F. T. Maryn, Insnector for the Department of Justice in Holland, arrived in Sydney at the end of August by the “Maetsuycker”, after a visit to New Caledonia to investigate the conditions under which Javanese coolies live and and work in the French Colony.

Papuan Finance

A Balanced Budget and increased Exports From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Aug. 20.

THE statement of the Territory’s finances for the year ended June 30. 1939, gives the following:— Total Revenue £165,823.

Total Expenditure £166,330.

Trust Funds on hand £69,955.

Public Debt of the Territory £54,601.

Total Exports for the year £490,158.

In the previous year (1937-38) the revehue was £182,808, and the expenditure was £183,102.

The exports of the Territory for 1938-39 (which show an increase of £54,565 over those of the preceding year) were:— The increase is, due to larger exports of gold, and the new item of export, copper matte. Gold showed an increase of £42,057 over the previous year. Both copra and rubber showed a substantial decrease compared with the previous year’s exports. Copra in 1937-38, showed export of 11,249 tons valued at £91,166, and rubber, 1,243 tons, valued at £129.448.

The draft estimates of revenue and expenditure of the Territory for 1939-40 show estimated revenue at £175,788; estimated expenditure at £176,003. The Treasurer budgets for a surplus of £l5l.

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Ratu Alipate Lagivala, paramount chief of Namosi, died in Suva War Memorial Hospital, Fiji, on August 13, aged 64. Educated at the Roman Catholic school at Cawaci, Ovalau, he entered the Civil Service as a clerk in the Native Secretariat. In 1910, he was appointed Buli Namosi—a post which he held for 27 years, being succeeded in July, 1937. by his eldest son. Ratu Imanueli Qereqeretabua. . P av *d Wood, of Wau, recently married Miss Stella Peacock at St. Augustine’s Church, Wau. New Guinea. Mrs. W.

McDonald was Matron of Honour and the bridegroom’s brother Mr. Ted. Wood was best man.

Mr. Francis L. Bell, an anthropologist who carried out scientific work in New Guinea in 1933. has been appointed Librarian of the Sydney Municipal Council’s Library.

Old Diary Describes Samoa Of

150 YEARS AGO Remarkable Story of Emanual Silva, Senior and Junior

By Charles Reed, Of Apia

ALTHOUGH he had been rewarded by two nations for valour—he had saved many lives during the 1889 hurricane m Apia—and he was 99 years old when he died recently, and was a pioneer settler in Samoa, Emanual Silva was almost unknown in this community. He resided close to Apia, but he had been for long a recluse.

This remarkable old man could remember not only the hurricane of 1889. but also of 1854, when eight European ships were lost in Samoan waters, and famine came to Samoa.

The writer had known Emanual during 20 years, yet was unaware that the old man had in his possession a diary of events and happenings covering nearly 70 years prior to the landing in the Pacific Islands of the first early missionaries.

This diary had belonged to his father, a Portuguese, and a runaway sailor, who came to Samoa and landed at the island of Manono from a Portuguese slave-ship which had been damaged on a coral-reef, after leaving Easter Island with a cargo of slaves. These slaves were Polynesians, who then inhabited Easter Island.

Emanual, the son, was actually in his hundredth year, but he had retained his mental faculties, and had excellent eyesight, reading printed matter with no difficulty. He worked at his plantation, producing his entire needs, up to the time of his death.

He described the many internecine wars between rival families of rank and the coming and going of the ancient oceangoing, double-pontooned canoes, from the outlying islands of Tonga, Wallis and Viti. These, more often than not, came to Samoa, not to trade, but for conquest.

But. after the initial friendly reception, the visiting canoe-party would be surrounded, the crew clubbed or disposed of, and their highly-prized canoe confiscated.

The canoe would then be named after the Samoan chief who had taken the craft.

The last of these great canoes broke up on the beach at Mulinu’u, near Apia, about the year 1910. This Alia-canoe carried 150 men.

SILVA, senior, reached Samoa in this way. About the year 1765, a slave ship struck a reef a few days after leaving Easter Island (then called Rapanui) and with broken mast and gear, drifted to the island of Upolu, Samoa. The crew, suffering from scurvy and thirst, were craving fruit, water and fresh vegetables. A boat was put off ai the tiny island of Manono (off Upolu) to seek fresh water. Among the crew was a young Portuguese seaman named Emanual Silva.

The Portuguese sailors were hospitably received by the people of Manono Island and young Emanual was enamoured by the friendliness of the people and the beauty of the island. Emanual resolved to jump his ship at all costs, despite the fact that recapture would mean the loss of his head.

According to the diary, Emanual put into a small cask his kit of carpenter’s tools, a concertina, a pistol and some old clothes, his dirk (or knife) and an old metal-bound Bible. With these effects he safely landed. He hid the cask in the jungle undergrowth, and himself remained in hiding three days, when his ship finally sailed away.

Young Emanual then laid himself out on the beach at Manono, pretending to be unable to walk. Later, he was discovered by natives and was carried into a native hut. Here he was kindly treated and given food and a lava-lava (loincloth) of the native tapa cloth. 44 September 15, 1939—Paciflc Islands Monthly

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Later, on getting possession of his concertina’ Emanual played the instrument. sang songs and became the hero of the hour ONE day. amid great commotion, a large Alia-canoe arrived from Vavau.

Tonga It was filled with warriors armed with war-clubs Conch-shells were biown and the high chiefs of Manono advanced, armed with presents of fine mats and baskets of pia (arrowroot).

There was a great reception, and much feasting, which lasted over two days. But. on the dawn of the third day. fighting took place, on account of the women-folk of Manono being held during the night on board the Alia-canoe of the visitors.

All but one of the Tongans were killed by means of the Samoan Nifo-oti (tooth of death) knife, which was carved from a hard wood, no longer obtainable in Samoa, and known as “Ivl” or "tuanivf. „ A , TTTAT „. records that he took up his Hi residence at Lulumoenga, by orders of the ruling high chief Lamafana.

This was in order that he might cut from a suitable log a Pa’palangi, or white man's boat, for the chief. His reward was an additional wife, handed over with much ceremony, feasting and dancing, which lasted during a whole week.

With this marriage, Faa-Samoa, Emanual now became a Samoan chief; and he had acquired a considerable command of the vernacular. Nothing was recorded in material form, but events were noted by the working of suitable symbols or designs into the bark stencil-board then used for the making of designs or patterns on Siapo. or Tapa. These were printed with a black dye, made from burnt tui-tui nuts, or lama.

Thus, a marriage was formed in the design of two figures, who appear to be in the attitude of partaking food from a bowl. The names were very curiously glyphed. These stencils were called “Upeti”.

Emanual junior mentions taking part in Samoan dances, during his young days, and says that the songs sung in Samoa were woven round the name and doings of his father, his concertina, his poo-poo (or pistol), his boats and his loves, and also his loto papalangi (or church house).

NEAR Apia, old Emanual planted several seeds of the Tamarind tree.

These had been given to him by an officer from a French frigate which made a call at Upolu. The seeds grew, and later, under their shade, Emanual built a large Samoan house, big enough to house 100 people.

In this “Fale Loto”, the old man would call the people together each Sabbath morning, play his concertina and sing The last of the great Alia-Canoes. This Canoe broke up on the beach at Mulinu’u, Upolu, Samoa, about 30 years ago. This photograph was taken during her last voyage. 45 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

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f\ I \ Tr’ p *IP Hi A Product of British Australian Lead Manufacturers Pty. Ltd,, several hymns. Then he would expouad his belief in the Atua (God) and would read from his Bible for an hour, interpreting its meaning into Samoan. Young Emanuai would sit near his father and would hide his face in his hands in prayer, while several hundred Samoans would listen attentively outside the church house. The church house was always filled to capacity, and there was no money then known or used (and no colled ion made). The Samoans soon learned the hymns by heart and would sing them at their dances.

The great Tamarind trees can be seen to-day, close to Apia; but, with the arrival of (he first missionaries from Tahiti, the church house of Emanuai was ordered to be destroyed by burning, and the sailor-priest was admonished as “unorthodox”, and acting without legal right.

About this time, whalers frequently called at Samoa for water and coconuts, pigs and native arrowroot (then known as pia). This latter formed one of the main articles of diet, being cooked with fish and coconut cream. The exchange or barter was usually in the form of a poopoo (or musket) and a flask of powder or an axe.

Malietoa Vaiinupo, king of all Samoa, received orders to arrest the Portuguese, Emanuai Silva. He was charged with being an imposter—and la'er went into obscurity.

MANY of the whaling ships called at Norfolk Island, then a whaling ground, and during a stay of several days at Samoa would generally leave a runaway sailor or two behind in Samoa.

One of these men, a negro cook called “Mea-uli” (The Black) or Black Tom. made history in Samoa. He was a great pugilist, and fought on several occasions with Captain ■‘Bully” Hayes. Once, he nearly killed Hayes.

This negro afterwards owned a small drinking saloon in Apia, and Captain Hayes, always a gentleman, respected the weight of his bottles. His hotel was known as the “Parlour” and was a shanty of but one room and a kitchen. Among his customers, of that day, are noted “Snowy”.

“Bluenose”. “Lofty Pritchard”, “Adams”.

“Bully Hayes”, “Old Mac”, and several foreigners. Most of these men were handy with tools, or were good boat-builders and, for this reason, were generally well-received by the Samoans, who were proud to have an expert boat-builder married into the family.

New Papuan Air Mail

STAMPS From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Sept. 7.

THE Papuan Government yesterday withdrew the Commemorative Jubilee air mail stamps issued last September to celebrate the declaration of the British possession of Papua in 1888.

A new set has been issued.

The denominations of the new issue and the colours are still the same, but the design now shows two natives standing in a canoe, which they are propelling with long poles. Overhead flies a D.H. 868 aeroplane the type used for the Papuan air mail service. An oval, fullface portrait of His Majesty the King is at the right hand side of the stamp, and super-imposed over a representation of native ornaments is the word ‘ Papua” at the top. At the base of the design are the words “Air Mail Postage”, and the value is shown on the left hand side.

N.G. Public Service

THE following staff movements in the New Guinea Public Service have been announced: — PERMANENT STAFF TRANSFERS.

District Services Dept.—J. R. Black. Patrol Officer, Madang to Rabaul; W. B. Giles, Cadet, Salamaua to Wewak; C. F. Julius, Clerk, Rabaul to Salamaua; R. H. Wedd, Cadet. Salamaua to Madang; j. R. White, Cadet, Rabaul to Salamaua: J. L. Taylor, Assistant District Officer, Madang to Rabaul.

Lands Dept.—N. P. Hawke, Clerk, Rabaul to Wau.

Agriculture Dept.—B. A. O’Connor, Assistant Entomologist, Gasmata to Rabaul.

TEMPORARY ENGAGEMENTS.

Government Secretary’s Dept.—Miss C. H.

Ayton (Typiste).

Lands Dept.—Miss G. Einseidel (Typiste).

Public Works Dept.—V. R. Nion (Roadmaster; A. L. G. Proud (Carpenter).

Mr. VV. T. Martin, Comptroller of Customs at Suva, Mr. C. W. T. Johnson, Assistant Colonial Secretary, Mr. A. J.

Armstrong-, District Commissioner, and Mr. J. S. Smith, Conservator of Forests, have been appointed official members of the Fiji Legislative Council.

Rev. Reginald Bartlett, 0.8. E., who was in Western Samoa as a member of the London Missionary Society s f aff in 1929- 31, has returned to Apia for further service. He and his wife went to Papua for the L.M.S. in 1905, serving in the Orokolo District for seven years.

Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Carpenter, of Rabaul. reached Sydney from New Guinea by the August “Nellore”. 46 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Seeking Timber in New Guinea Series of New Enterprises INHERE is marked and increasing inter- . est in the timber resources of New Guinea A man from the United States (Mr. R. M. Neely) was there in July, carefully investigating the possibilities of an export trade between New Guinea and America.

It is known that important timber interests in Australia have their eyes upon the stands of pine and cedar in and around the Bulolo Valley, and that probably they will seek concessions as soon as some decision is reached in relation to a road between Wau and the coast. It was ascertained in August that the following were interested in New Guinea timbers: — New Guinea Forests, Ltd., understood to be a subsidiary of Bretts, of Brisbane, is registered in Rabaul and has interests on the north coast of New Britain.

New Britain Timbers, Ltd., believed to be a subsidiary of Messrs. Gibbs Bright and Co., Ltd., are registered in New Guinea, and have interests in the Kerawat and Bainings district, at the eastern end of New Britain. They have a sawmill there and are shipping to the southern markets.

Messrs. J. Ryan and Sons, of Melbourne, have interests in the Kerawat district (New Britain). They are producing timber for local use, and are exporting walnut logs.

Mr. Charles Boles, a local man, has a sawmill at Waterfall Bay, on the southern coast of New Britain.

The New Guinea Trading Co., Ltd., registered in Rabaul, is operating on the south coast of New Britain, 80 miles from Rabaul. Plant is being installed, and shipments of lumber for south should commence shortly.

The Pacific Lumber Company, whose operations were based on Pukpuk, and whose establishment cost over £30,000, sent away a lot of lumber—B2s,ooo super feet in one shipment—but met a great deal of trouble. A large portion of their exports was condemned, and it was stated in Rabaul in August that, although plant, tramlines, etc., were all there, in good condition, active operations had ceased.

Mr. McKinnon, pioneer of Port Romilly sawmills, in Papua, was in Rabaul in August, examining the timber situation.

Timber men are keenly interested in New Guinea walnut, or lope, of which there is a fair quantity, widely scattered.

It is regarded as an excellent substitute for Queensland walnut. It is said that lope can be landed in Sydney for about 20 A per hundred feet, and can be sold there for £3 per hundred feet. The North Queensland walnut costs- twice that sum.

Mr. P. j. Hepburn has completed his term at Apia as Auditor,to the Western Samoan Administration. He has been succeeded by Mr. Martin, who arrived from New Zealand recently by the “Maui Pomare”.

Two Tongans Drowned

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Aug. 10.

WHILE negotiating one of the passages through the reef, on the of Eua, over a very rough sea in a small sailing boat in which they had sailed from Tonga, two young men, Vili Life TagataolakebaU(or William Young) aiicl Tuibirlotu lost their lives. The boat) capiii&ed. and they Were swept out to sea by the strong current.

There were sonle people on th# shorf. who witnessed the accident, blip-on count Of the mountainous sea running, they were powerless to give any assi&fen£p to the two men. The latter were seen fct intervals, on the crests of the towering wayes, each clinging to a piece of the boat, which had become a complete wreck in the relentless fury of the surf.

They were finally carried right out to sea, and disappeared.

On the following day, when the sea subsided, Tongan swimmers went out to search for the missing men, but met no success.

Many members of Young’s family have been lost in making this dangerous crossing to Eua.

Rev. and Mrs. R. Perry have joined the London Missionary Society in Papua.

They are stationed at Urika.

Mr. Arthur Fry, Mining Inspector in the Morobe District, New Guinea, arrived in Sydney from Salamaua by the August “Bulolo”. 47 Pacific Islands Monthly—September 15, 1939

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A Man Who Knew

YESTERDAY Lote Mr. T. S. Adams, of Tahiti ONE of the writer’s most cherished memories is his friendship with Mr.

Thomas Stratford Adams.

Mr. Adams was one who knew a yesterday that began in the early decades of the nineteenth century. He was born near London, England, in 1825. His parents having died when he was very young, he was cared for by his grand-parents who lived in France. His childhood was passed in that country. When he became older he was sent to school in England. During this period he went often to Kensington Gardens, where he frequently saw a young princess who in later years became Queen Victoria.

Later he went to sea as an apprentice.

One of his early voyages was to the island of St. Helena on the ship which brought Napoleon’s body to France.

Afterwards, he visited Constantinople, and he remembered the antique widemouthed cannon that shot marble cannon balls, in the forts defending the Dardanelles.

In the year 1841 he came to Tahiti.

At Tahiti, he knew the “Duff” missionaries, Henry Nott and William Henry.

At Mangareva he met the founders of the Roman Catholic Mission in Central Polynesia, Pere Laval and Pere Caret.

When gold was discovered in California—in the year 1849—Mr. Adams was at Honolulu, and he joined in the rush Malaria was prevalent and repeated attacks compelled Mr. Adams to return to Tahiti.

During the 1850's he made many voyages to the Fiji Islands where he knew and traded with Cakobau. Fiji at that time was a dangerous place. There were constant inter-island and inter-tribal wars. Cakobau was, however, gaining ascendancy as paramount chief, and his protection gave Mr. Adams and his shipmates safe conduct throughout the islands of his dominion.

From one end of the Pacific to the other Mr. Adams was an eye-witness of events that modern historians seek diligently through dusty books and musty records to verify.

Islands kings and queens, higii chiefs and warriors, naval commanders and administrators, pioneers and adventurers, who figure in the history and legend of Polynesia during the middle decades of the last century, were vivid characters in the narratives of Mr. Adams’ experiences Those whose privilege it was to know him have regretted that he did not write his memoirs.

Mr. Adams eventually became a planter at Tahiti. He established the first successful sugar plantation in that island on land which is now the charming New Papeete.

After a long and honourable career he died, in 1915, at the venerable age of 90 years. His descendants constitute one of the oldest and most respected families in the colony.

A.C.R.

Samoan Murdered At

PAGO PAGO From Our Own Correspondent R___ APIA, Aug. 10.

EPORTS from American Samoa tell of a shocking murder committed at Pago Pago a fortnight ago. Quarrelling with another Samoan whom he accused of paying improper attention to his wife, a native suddenly attacked his adversary with a large machette and practically severed his head. The native was arrested and will be tried shortly.

This is the fifth Samoan murder at Pago Pago within the last few years. None of the previous murderers suffered the death penalty.

Mr. K. B. Gross, manager of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., arrived in Australia from Wau by the August “Bulolo” to attend a mining conference at Mount Isa. He was accompanied by Mrs. Gross.

Mr. Pierre Graziani, of Noumea, New Caledonia, paid a visit to Sydney recently. He took several racehorses back when he returned to the Colonv Mr. Thomas Stratford Adams. 48 September 15, 193 9—P aci f i c Islands Monthly

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Old Yodda Days

Some Quaint Incidents of 40 Years Ago THE following are extracts from the diary of an old miner written 30 years ago in Papua: “Samarai in those days • 1898-9) was a very primitive little town; its only hotel offered food and lodging of the most elementary kind. Meals were served in a big common dining-room, but of bed-rooms there were none, and the miners slept in an outbuilding which they shared with the poultry of the establishment—the men sleeping upon their blankets which they spread on the floor and the fowls taking the rafters overhead.

“There was plenty of work for the Magistrate on the Yodda, principally in settling disputes about water-rights, and in hearing applications of one sort or another. However, the miners always treated him most hospitably when he visited their camps, but sometimes the hospitality was more embarrassing than gratifying.

"On one occasion the principal witness in a water-right case was absent. The Assistant Magistrate, looking for him, found him asleep in his bunk, with a pot of soup on the ground beside him. In his slumbers one foot had roamed, and he was neacefully reposing with one bare foot in his dinner.

“When he was awakened, he jumped from his bunk and. without noticing what had happened, hospitably insisted on the Magistrate staying to lunch. ‘l’ve got some good soup here’, he explained, ‘and we don’t get that every day.’

“The Magistrate, hurriedly explaining that soup disagreed with him, and that he was feeling off colour, got away from the camp as soon as he could, leaving a rather offended host.

THERE was something, of a festival in progress at the Yodda when I arrived there. The warden was expected on his usual visit, to look into legal rights, etc., and all the miners had collected from the outlying camps for the occasion, and were having a very good time.

“The professional joker of the field was out on a ‘jamboree’ as usual and was firing off his revolver very freely, though only in . a playful manner. One morning, he had been boring holes in the store walls—aiming, as he said, at a fowl (tinned) on the shelf inside—when a miner named Augustus, who had the reputation of being the dirtiest man on the field, walked in to make purchases.

“The jester strode up to him. held his revolver close to the miner’s luxuriant beard, and fired a bullet through it, rather spoiling its beauty. Naturally, the victim seemed alarmed, but the jester, laying his hand on his shoulder, assured him it was all right, and that he was only giving it a bath. Gussie, however, did not care for this kind of valeting, and dropped his purchases, and fled as though Old Nick were at his heels.

“The Jester remained in the store, wandering about with the revolver in his hands, and could find no further victims until a newcomer arrived from the coast He greeted him by firing a bullet between his legs. The newcomer, however, had no nerves and returned the greeting with a nod, and, ordering a drink passed over the incident casually. The cheerful marksman quietened down considerably, and was more himself when the Magistrate arrived —on this occasion accompanied by a high Church dignitary. ~ "TT was thought that the pastoral visit A furnished a fortunate opportunity for reading the burial service in the Yodda cemetery—a melancholy little spo: where lay, side by side, the unfortunates who had given their lives in the search for gold and who had been buried one after another, without prayer of any kind, “When the matter was put before the Churchman, he readily agreed, and one morning found * us all mustered at the little enclosure that contained the remains of our departed comrades. All were there —Magistrates, storekeepers and miners— and among these stood the jester, who was not himself. The service was read in solemn silence, and we all joined in singing a hymn.

“Suddenly, the jester, who was feeling more cheerful than is considered correct at a wholesale funeral service, stepped forward, and in a loud and hiccoughy voice proposed a vote of thanks to the officiating minister. He seemed quite bewildered when ihe usual cheers did not follow, and his request was met with stern silence—though most of us found g Tea t difficulty in maintaining it. « * NOTHER miner, named Red Bob, received a shock t 0 his nerves when prospecting at Woodlark, and in a manner that somewhat recalls the ancient anecdote of the Jew who ate roast pork on the sly, and was startled by a thunderstorm which he regarded as the Voice 0 f offended Heaven “ Red Bob who ha d been doing his best to earn an attack of delirium tremens, and very nea rly succeeding, left for his claim in the hope of working things off, though doubtful of the state of his nerves. 49 Pacific Islands Mont hi y~S eptember 15, 1939

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“While he was working, a very sharp earthquake shook the locality, and a dish of wash, which he had panned out and left on a flat rock, began to travel towards him.

“Bob stared in horror at the moving dish and, turning to his mate alongside, he exclaimed: ‘That settles it! I’ve got ’em. I’m going home!’ And he stumbled off down the track to his camp.”

Rev. Father J. Deihl, who has been a Marist missionary in Western Samoa for nearly 20 years, will go on long furlough at the end of the year to visit his father in U.S.A.

Rev. R. J. Maddox, Chairman of the Samoan District of the Methodist Mission, returned to Apia in August with his wife, after furlough in Australia.

Tongan Minister Resigns Development in Impeachment Crisis From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Aug. 10.

THE serious tension in the political situation in Tonga, caused by the apparent suspension of Constitutional Government during the past four months, and the undue delay in the session of the Legislative Assembly, supposed to be the result of discord in the Cabinet Ministry, reached a crisis on July 21. when the Minister for Finance, Mr. W. G. Bagnall, resigned. The Minister for Police, J. A.

Kaho, also retired on July 21, ha vine: passed the retiring age limit.

An extraordinary phase of these developments was that on July 19 the Minister for Police served a Bill of Impeachment in the Legislative Assembly on the Minister for Finance, for alleged perjury in the Supreme Court, on the occasion when he gave evidence at the trial, last April, of a Tongan clerk, Uliti Balu. for the embezzlement of £1.200 in the Treasury. Charges had been, also, laid against Mr. Bagnall by J. Mataele, M.L.A.

As it was felt that he should and could have resigned earlier, and in the absence of any apparent immediate cause for taking that step at this stage, Mr. Bagnall’s resignation, having been made a day or two after he had received notice of impeachment, and about a week before the Legislative Assembly opened, was commented upon unfavourably.

Tire retirement of the Minister for Police was very unexpected, in view of his long and honourable record of service for the State, and of the exceptional courage and impartiality he showed in carrying out his ministerial duties. His retirement is considered a great loss to the Ministry.

The vacancies which resulted were filled by Akauola, Governor of Vava’u. as Acting Minister for Police, and Mr. H. L.

Nicolson, Chief Postmaster, as Acting Minister for Finance. G. H. Ulukalala. son of the late Finau Ulukalala, who was the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly till his death last year, was appointed as Acting Governor of Vava’u.

As a result, certain parts of the machine of Government, which have been idle for several months, have commenced to function again. The Privy Council met on July 24 and Cabinet on July 28. The Legislative Assembly—which, contrary to law, had not met for twelve months—was opened on August 1. To indemnify the Government from all liability or the apparent suspension of Constitutional Government during April, May. June and July, the Privy Council passed an Indemnity Ordinance on July 31.

There is still anxiety regarding the complications, created by differences, in certain matters of administration, between the British Agent and Consul (Mr. A. L.

Armstrong) and the Chief Justice of Tonga (Mr. W. H. Stuart), which culminated in an appeal to the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific (Sir Harry Luke) at Suva. Fiji. In the interest of Tongan Government (in which the British Agent and Consul, under the Treaty of Protection and Agreements between Great Britain and Tonga, has certain powers to exercise) it is hoped that this undesirable condition may be soon adjusted by the High Commissioner.

Mrs. Charlotte Compain, of Tailevu Fiji, left Sydney by the September “Mariposa” for the Colony. She has been in Sydnev as the guest of Mrs. Edward Gosnell, for several months.

Mr. M. L. Bernacchi, District Commissioner, Savu Savu. Fiji, has been transferred to Suva. He had been replaced by District Officer Legge.

Pastor Captain G. F. Jones, who despite his advanced age of 75 years—4s spent in New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and the Dutch East Indies—is still travelling about the Pacific actively engaged in Seventh Day Adventist mission work.

He was in Western Samoa early in August. 50 September 15, 193 9—Pacific Islands Monthly

% so* SOW

Training Fijians In Life Saving Work

SPLENDID work is being done in Fiji by the Royal Life Saving Society’s branch and particularly by its N.Z.-born instructor, Mr. R. S. Ridgley, in training natives in rescue and resuscitation work. The above photograph shows portion of a team of Fijians from Queen Victoria School at Nasinu. Suva, which gained 38 medallions and 11 awards of merit at the last R.L.S.S. examinations. During 1938-39, over 350 awards were made —double the number of the previous year. Sir Harry Luke, Governor of Fiji, who is himself a noted swimmer, is Vice- Patron of the Society and presented some of the awards when the Society held its first public demonstration at Suva Baths in June.

Samoan Estimates

APIA, Aug. 20. r[E estimates of the Administration for the current financial year (closing on March 31, 1940) have just been published and show an estimated revenue of £115,226 and an estimated expenditure of £133,143, leaving a deficit of £17,917, of which £4,570 is covered by a normal surplus in accounts. Therefore, a further £13,347 will need to be found to balance the budget for 1939-40.

Of the estimated expediture, salaries amount to £51,875, representing 45 per cent. There are 755 Samoans in the Government employ, drawing £19,748.

The main sources of estimated revenue are; Import duty £31,000, Copra export duty on 11,600 tons £15,250, sale of medical liquor £B,BOO, Port and Customs Service Tax £7,750, Electric Current Sales £4,850, Shipping, Pilotage, Port and Light Dues and Tonnage Fees £3,500, Wharfage Dues and Royalties £3,000, Building Tax £2.500, Postal Revenue (including sale of commemorative stamps) £2.500, Motor Vehicle and Drivers’ License Fees £2,350.

New Bases In North

PACIFIC Feverish American Activity Prom Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU. Aug. 24. rpo have the stage well set, in case X Japan bucks when the American abrogation of the 1911 navigation and commerce treaty becomes effective January next, America is pushing construction on an all-around-the-clock basis of the new bases at the outlying islands which screen the Hawaii defence scheme.

Notable submarine, minecraft and warplane bases are under way in Alaska, and at Midway, Wake, Johnston and Palmyra Islands.

This week five Government engineering experts flew to Midway to inspect progress.

The importance of these bases, particularly of Wake Island, which is less than 2,000 miles from Japan proper, was emphasised by Rear-Admiral A. B. Cook, navy aviation, in recent testimony before the U.S. Congress. Said he: “Wake Island is extremely important.

We could scout 1,015 miles west of Midway, and it would bring us approximately to Wake. Now, if we are in Wake, we can scout 1,500 miles to the north, south and west of Wake by air, and that is approximately a three or four days’ run for a fleet.

“The purpose of these islands—Wake, Midway, Johnston and Palmyra—from an aviation standpoint is for observation centres, to give sufficient information to permit the disposition of U.S. fleet forces 51 Pacific Islands Monthly—September 15, 1939

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MORRIS, HEDSTROM, LTD,, Suva, Lautoka and Ba. in the most favourable manner along our so-called defence line . . .”

The U.S. navy has purchased the Grace Line’s liners “Santa Rita" and “Santa Inez”, which have been employed in the U.S.-South America service, and will use them as supply ships between California bases and new bases now being developed in Alaska and outlying Pacific Islands The two ships were taken in lieu of money owed to the Government by the company.

Sir Philip Goldfinch, general manager and a director of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co.. Ltd., returned f o Sydney by the September “Mariposa" after ” inspecting the Company’s large interests in Fiji.

Archaic Liquor

LAW Move for Reform in Samoa Prom Our Own Correspondent I APIA, Sept. 1.

T would appear that, at long last, the archaic and ridiculous liquor law of Western Samoa is to be amended.

Under present conditions, no European can purchase liquor (wdiich the Government sells) without a medical order; and the order severely restricts the quantity that may be bought. Consequents, everyone applies for his liquor ration; and ihose who do not want liquor sell their rations to those who do. Natives may not purchase European liquors—and, consequently, brew their own.

At the meeting of the Legislative Council in August, Dr. Dawson moved; “That the system for the granting of permits for and the service of liquor to approved persons be revised so as to provide a service more compatible with the local conditions now existing.”

Dr. Dawson said that the present permit system was first introduced by the late Sir James Allen (then Minister of External Affairs in the New Zealand Cabinet) during his visit to the Islands.

Apparently, he had been influenced by conditions in other islands—especially in the outlying Cook Islands where, on his arrival, he had been received by two European residents who were intoxicated.

Dr. Dawson said the use of alcohol is not to be condemned, but the abuse of it.

At present, anyone wanting liquor had to go to the Chief Medical Otficer for a certificate ihat he should receive liquor for medicinal purposes. It was a waste of time for the C.M.O. to issue a great number of permits, most of which were not used for medicinal purposes. In fact, it went very much against a doctor’s grain to issue such permits.

Dr. Dawson suggested that a committee of the Council should go fully into the matter and report, and he proposed, as members of the Committee, the Collector of Customs, the Chief Medical Officer and the Crown Solicitor.

The Acting Administrator suggested that an unofficial member should sit on the Committee.

The Hon. Namulau’ulu, Samoan member. seconded the motion, and declared that a revision of the permit system was long overdue. Prohibition encouraged the manufacture of substitutes, and the Samoans had learned to make and drink a “home-brew” known as “faamafu”. This evil is now irreparable.

Realising the harm the prohibition of European liquors had done to the Samoans, he continued, the Samoan people themselves had asked the Government repeatedly to bring about reform, so that their own people might be saved from the faamafu evil.

The Samoan member said that a bottle of whisky, dispensed by the Administration at 13/6, gave the Administration 200 per cent, profit, including duty, while the retailed price of beer allowed of at least 100 per cent, profit.

If liquid refreshments were made available for tourists and visitors, in a lawful way, he said, tourist ships like the “Maunganui” would leave more money in Apia, and the Treasury would benefit handsomely thereby. A revision of the prohibition policy could do no possible harm to Europeans or Samoans.

The motion was carried unanimously.

Rifle Range at Wau From Our Own Correspondent WAU, Sept, 1.

THE Morobe Voluntary Defence organisation has completed a rifle range at Wan. with standard butts and mounds.

A lecture was delivered recently to prospective riflemen in the use and care of the service rifle and in range discipline.

About a dozen teams of eight men are in process of formation, and all that is now required to start the ball rolling is a supply of rifles and ammunition. 52 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

on

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Cane-ite is made in handy-sized, easily handled, white-ant-proofed boards of just the right thicknesses for all purposes. It can be used in either of its normal colours (Natural or Ivory — to give maximum light reflection) or it can be colour-finished in any tone desired. Most important of all. Cane-ite is NOT EXPENSIVE. another reminder . Furniture made from Masonite Presdwood or Tempered Presdwood is the latest vogue.

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Blow To Eastern

PAPUA G.M. of P. Close Down of Misima THE closing of the Misima mine by Gold Mines of Papua Ltd. has dealt a severe blow to goldmining in Eastern Papua, and to merchants and traders there.

Until recently, there were 3 companies operating on Misima—Cuthbert’s moneyspinner. New Misima Ltd., working on the Umuna lode; G.M. of P.. employing 40 Europeans and 500 natives, apparently also on the Umuna lode; and Quartz Mountain Ltd., a New Zealand company, doing some developmental work with some seven Europeans and a large line of native labourers.

G.M. of P. have now put off 30 Europeans and over 400 natives (the Europeans came south by the August “Macdhui”). and Quartz Mountain also have reduced staff by about half. The money-spinner, of course, is spinning as merrily as ever; but Misima and Samara i are lamenting the departure of the *big G.M. of P. staff. About 10 Europeans and nearly 100 natives are trying to pick up the true lode. If they succeed. G.M. of P. will boom again, for all the machinery and equipment still is there, ready to resume operations.

There are a couple of “small gold shows” working in Eastern Papua and apparently doing well.

Messrs. Neate, A. Dawkins and the late Gus Nelsson were members of a syndicate working the ‘ Woodlark King”, on Woodlark Island, under the management of Mr. Neate. They are profitably operating at the old Huntingdon mill, which previously had taken out £70.000 worth of gold. This is the property which Gold Mines of Papua investigated, and turned down.

In Milne Bay, Mr. Fred. Kruger is working a 2-head battery, and Messrs.

Tardy and Anderson also have been operating a 2-head battery there. Anderson recently was bought out by Tardy.

Teleradio As Aid To

SURVEYING From Our Own Correspondent WAU. Sept. 2.

MR. P. D. McKENZIE, private surveyor in New Guinea, is possibly making history by the use of his latest acquisition—a teleradio # receiving and transmitting set.

At present engaged on an extensive survey in the “back of beyond” part of the Territory, Mr. McKenzie has been submitting to his draughtsman in Rabaul. by pre-arranged code, all the figures and calculations of his first job. The plan will be plotted, drawn and ready his signature on his return to his office. This far-seeing surveyor is now able to get through considerably more work than has been possible previously, being unhampered by old-time delays of forwarding data by the slow inter-island post.

Mr. Alan Gow, of the Wau District Office. New Guinea, arrived in Sydney by the August “Bulolo”.

Hon. George H. Murray, M.L.C., Director of Agriculture in New Guinea, returned to Rabaul in August, after several months’ sick leave in Australia.

The Jew As A Coloniser

Letter to the Editor WILL you please publish this in answer to an article in the June “P.I.M.”— “Settlers Wanted”, by “Safety First”.

I am a Jew. and there are other Jews on this goldfield. All of us. I am sure, can claim to be honest, industrious, and a commercial benefit to New Guinea and we sign our names.

As for the other race—Chinese—from what I know of them they are honest, hard-working and.business-like, and also an asset to New Guinea.

“Safety First” seems to be suffering from an inferiority complex: or is he just afraid of the Jews? It seems that, like Hitler, because he is afraid of the Jews, his only outlet is persecution.

For centuries past. Jews have been persecuted by men like “Safety First”. On this goldfield. Jew, Gentile, and Chinese do business together and come out in the open for the world to see that they are men. Now, “Safety First”, take your cue from the Morobe goldfield, and you may change your opinion of the Jew.

I afn, etc., ALF. JACOB BUTLER.

Upper Merri Creek, via Wau. New Guinea.

June 25, 1939.

Mr. J. L. Froffffatt. Government Entomologist in New Guinea arrived in Sydney by the August “Nellore” on furlough. He will return to Rabaul in February. 53 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptcmber 15, 1939

At Bine Mountains—Springwood, N.S.W.

Springwood Ladies' College Est. 1897. Kindergarten to Leaving Certificate. Tennis, Riding, Swimming, Team Games. Unequalled climate. Pure Jersey Milk. Senior and Junior Houses. Openair sleeping. Inclusive fees. Special vacation arrangements for Island pupils.

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Wau Asks Questions

From Our Own Correspondent WAU, Sept. 1.

WHY, why—and, again, why?

The little word with a note of interrogation is always on the lips of Morobe-ites, and as we find little or no satisfaction is gleaned by asking questions about the Territory, in the Territory, they must be asked outside —in the Federal House. And what a nice little batch are going forward to the next merry meeting!

Here are a few: What was the total cost of the Mt.

Hagen patrol?

Out of the total cost, what amount was paid to Guinea Airways, Ltd., for fares, freights, charters, etc.?

Is it a fact that special ’planes were sent out with alcohol to the patrol party?

If no man of science was attached to the party, why not?

Is it a fact that an American millionaire offered to place at the disposal of the Administration, at his own expense, an anthropologist?

Were a number of natives taken from the patrol area to the coast to view the sea? If so, what was the cost and what benefit was derived?

Is it a fact that one miner is operating at Mt. Hagen, while no other miners arc permitted to enter that uncontrolled area?

Was the work of renovating the Administrator’s schooner absolutely essential, and what was the cost thereof?

Is it a fact that, due to unnecessary expenditure of public moneys, the Wau Hospital requisition for an egg-lifter (at cost of 1/-) was rejected on the ground of lack of funds?

Madame Kresser, formerly wellknown in Tahiti and Makatea, Fr.

Oceania, died recently at Manly, Sydney, where she had been living with her daughter, Mrs. Donaldson.

Pattern Service

CACH month we publish a Fashions design.

“ patterns of which may be purchased by our readers direct from this office, post free. To obtain a pattern, print your name and address below, giving the number of the pattern and the bust size, and send to “Pattern Department”, Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R. G.P.0.. Sydney; enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps.

It will be sent by return mall.

Name Address Pattern Number size Mrs. Tulia Catherine Mackenzie, wife of Mr. S. V. Mackenzie, a prominent trader of Apia, Western Samoa, died recently. 667 J. —This smart frock features the Early Victorian sleeve, designed to extend your shoulder line in accordance with Fashion’s latest decree, and the ever popular Swing skirt.

Bands of frilled lace form the trimming on both sleeve and neck line. Material required—32 In. bust: three and one-quarter yds. 36 in.; 34-36 in. bust; three and one-half yds. 36 in.; 38-40 in. bust: four yds. 36 in.; and three-eighths yd. 36 in. extra for long sleeves all sizes. Paper pattern, 1/1. 54 September 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

0' (jyZ B Y CREATED From Burns Philp Stores Throughout the Islands.

MRS. W. E. GIBLIN Leaves Territories After 20 Years' of Adventurous Life rERE came south by the August •Macdhui”. to make her permanent home in Sydney, one of the most notable and best-loved women in the Australian Pacific Territories —Mrs. Giblin, wife of Dr. W. E. Giblin, now a resident of Wau, T.N.G.

Mrs. Giblin gave distinguished service as a war nurse; and. in 1920, she went to Port Moresby with her husband, who was medical officer there. A little later, Dr. Giblin transferred to Samarai.

Mrs. Giblin, a woman ot great strength of character, made up her mind that the way to fortune lay through ownership of a coconut plantation. So she bought, from a German, some alleged coconut land on the mainland, opposite Samarai, and proceeded to establish a plantation. She engaged a team of Orakiva labourers and personally supervised operations. The plantation was not accessible, except by boat, and she wanted a road; so she set to work to build a road. A certain amount of dynamiting was needed, and she did the dynamiting. She scared the lives out of her Orakivas, but she completed the road. After enormous work and heavy expenditure, the plantation proved a washout. The palms grew, and the nuts developed—and then fell off. What Mrs.

Giblin has to say about clay subsoils would fill a book.

Later, Dr. Giblin was medical officer at Port Moresby; and it was while the family was living there that the indomitable Mrs. Giblin engaged in a new enterprise Some claims at the new Edie Creek goldfield were ballotted for, and Mrs. Giblin drew a lucky marble. She went to Edie Creek and personally worked the claim, although it was a country regarded as habitable only by hard-boiled miners and Kukukukus. Water was needed on the claim; and there was no way of getting water except by working at night—people higher up had prior rights on the water, and used it all during the day. So Mrs.

Giblin worked her claim at night, there in the gloomy gorge, 7,000 feet up in New Guinea.

It was at this time that Mrs. Giblin formed a warm friendship with Errol Flynn, now world-famous film star. Errol Flynn had been trying to establish a tobacco plantation in Papua, but gave it up and went across to the Morobe goldfield. He became Mrs. Giblin’s chief assistant; and he used to go away into the bush, and get labour recruits for her and other employers. Errol Flynn still corresponds with Mrs. Giblin. The Edie Creek claim, like the Samarai plantation, was a wash-out; but Mrs. Giblin kept on smiling.

In 1936, Dr. Giblin completed his service with the Papuan Government, and he and his wife moved across to Wau, where he became medical officer for New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd., and engaged in private practice. They settled down near the top of the Wau aerodrome, where their bungalow soon became notable for the masses of coloured blooms which surrounded it.

Mrs. Giblin is no mean gardener.

There are two sons—both medical students in Sydney—and Mrs. Giblin now will be nearer them. They are both described as brilliapt students; and as for their athletic prowess—well, the Giblin sideboard carries no less than 22 cups, won by them in various athletic contests.

The ladies of Wau said farewell to Mrs.

Giblin at a cocktail party, very numerously attended. It was a low conspiracy.

They knew, only too well, that if Mrs.

Giblin had any suspicion of what was pending, she probably would “go bush”— or at least dash off in a ’plane to Salamaua. So, under the leadership of Mrs.

Flo. Stewart, preparations went forward in deadly secrecy. When the cocktail party was sprung on Mrs. Giblin, it was too late for her to escape.

A nine-years-old Samoan was killed at Saleimoa, near Apia, early in August, when he jumped from a moving truck and struck his head on the road.

The newly-formed Wau Recreation Reserve Improvement Committee, New Guinea, is raising funds to hire a caterpillar-tractor, scarifier, scoop and bulldozer to complete the job of levelling the stone-strewn surface of the local sports ground Mrs. W. E. Giblin. 55 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

Position Wanted

American citizen, age 36, Graduate Engineer (Civil), 14 years general construction experience, 8 years of that time as Superintendent. Capable planner and estimator, now employed under Civil Service Contract which expires in January, 1940, as Public Works Foreman Labor. Tutuila, American Samoa. J. K. LEE, Tutuila, Samoa.

Delicious, Tasty Foods

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JUST TRY any of AUNT MARY'S Pure Food Products, and you will be back for more . delicious in themselves or with innumerable dishes.

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COLOUR IN THE HOME with Majora” Speed Enamel Dries in ONE HOUR - Lustrous finish No objectionable odour Brilliant Colours.

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Major G. Swinbourne, Senior Administrative Officer in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony service, arrived in Australia by the “Comorin” late in August, after spending furlough in Europe. He was accompanied by Mrs. Swinbourne.

Mr. F. J. Purdy returned to Sydney recently from the New Hebrides by the "Morinda” after visiting his son, who manages the store of F. J. Purdy and Co., at Aoba. Mr. Purdy lived in the Islands for more than 30 years, but is now resident in Australia.

Mr, John Preece, secretary of the N.S.W. branch of the Institute of International Affairs, arrived in New Guinea at the end of August by the “Bulolo”, to collect information and statistical material dealing with aviation and mining.

The Institute is compiling a history of New Guinea aviation and as no official figures relating to the N.G. air services are available for the period prior to 1932.

Mr. Preece will make a personal contact with Territory residents who have been connected with the air transport developments since the early flying days.

N.Z. Governor General In Tonga

COLOUR IN THE HOME.

Little dabs of colour, Little dabs of paint.

Make an old table.

Look just what it ain’t.

That’s what a touch of colourful enamel does —makes your old furniture look like new.

Enamels are very easy to use, and dry in no time—and you can touch up anything, from the verandah furniture to the kiddies’ toys, with the most attractive colours imaginable.

A quick-drying enamel makes it easy to change the colour scheme of your bedroom or kitchen. An attractive arrangement is to have the curtains, the floor covering, and the general colour scheme match—such as green and cream furniture, and green and cream-checked linoleum and curtains. Vivid splashes of colour can be added by painting the canisters and various kitchen articles crimson, orange, vermilion or any toning shade.

Enamels are better than lacquers and easier to use. Always see that the surface to be painted is clean and free from grease. Ensure that contents of the tin are properly mixed.*** Viscount Galway, Governor-General of New Zealand, visited the Kingdom of Tonga on August 10-12, during his extensive Pacific tour on board H.M.S. Achilles. The photograph shows deft to right) Lord Galway, Queen Salote Tubou. D.B.E.. and Lady Galway, watching native dances at Sopu Beach, near Nukualofa. —Photo: Hettig. 56 September 15, 19 3 9—Pacific Islands Monthly

No-1 Hate Fruit!

\ V >.

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I Gave Them

Foster Clark S

Creamy Custard

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Stop meal-time fights! Give the family Foster Clark’s delicious creamy Custard on their fruit.

Mrs. Adams, of Rose P»ay— seen here with one of her sons —is among the hundreds of enthusiasts for Foster Clark’s Custard. Its reputation for flavour and nourishment is long estab lished and worldwide.

Foster Clark’s Custard is sold by all grocers, in 3 sizes and 4 flavours.

Buy a penny packet, to try it!

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C'U STARS I Powder J Coakley, a successful miner who was found to have had bank accounts all over the place, and all of them carrying large credits.

Mr. Coakley was a good Roman Catholic, and he decided to send a very large nugget to Archbishop Mannix, to assist a certain building project. The nugget was duly despatched: and there duly came back from the Archbishop of Melbourne a letter of warm thanks. Mr. Coakley was puzzled by the fact that the letter was signed “Head”, whereas he understood the name of the Archbishop was “Mannix”.

His delighted friends explained. He had addressed his gift to “The Archbishop of Melbourne”, and, of course, it had gone to the Anglican Church, and not to the Roman Catholic prelate.

Poor Mr. Coakley became so unhappy over it that his friends feared for his health. Archbishop Head was communicated with, the circumstances were explained, the gift was forthwith handed over to Archbishop Mannix, and Mr.

Coakley slept in peace. * * * DWELLERS in the Morobe goldfields towns may curse their costly aeroplane transport—but the system has its compensations. For example, they all get fresh milk, every day, from Australian dairy cattle originally carried in in aeroplanes. Mr. J. W. Barker has established a dairy farm just outside Wau, and the air companies distribute fresh milk free of charge. The Mandated Airlines ’plane in which I travelled in the early morning up from Salamaua was en route to Wau to pick up the milk supply for “the beach”. ■* * * WEDDINGS in Wau are of frequent occurrence. Girls who arrive to fill jobs, or on holidays bent, are whisked off in matrimony literally before they can get their fingers crossed. Wau’s youngmen (unmarried) are rather bitter about it; and. one Sunday morning in whimsical mood, they interviewed me.

“Do you think you could do a bit of recruiting for us down South?” they asked. “You can pick them —you ought to know Territory tastes by now. Don’t forget to send along a few spares. Ship them through Carpenters, marked Tf any complaints, refer to C. E. Parker’ ” —the latter being a cruel allusion to the wellknown rubber stamp of the big firm’s indefatigable inspector. * * * WHEN the New Guinea Administration arranged to buck up the Treasury with a new issue of postage stamps— a time honoured device of impecunious Islands Governments—it decided to mark the achievements of aerial transport in the Territory by putting upon the stamps a picture of an aeroplane.

But the gratified purring of the staunchly British air companies turned to startled yelps when they saw the finished stamps. It was an aeroplane, all right— a large, clear ly-recognisable Junkers!

There are British and American ’planes aplenty on the field: but the unhappy wight who selected the picture for reproduction must choose a photograph of a German machine. The stamp issues have been withdrawn; but the cynics in Wau are still sneering about it. * * * A THIN, red-headed man whom I met on the Wau hotel verandah entertained mo with stories of misfortune. A sour Fate had danced upon his neck so often that he regarded his ill-luck as something really funny.

His memories of the field went back so far that I got curious about him—and then I discovered he was none other than Ernie Dover, who went into the Koranga Creek (a mile north of where Wau now stands) with Shark-Eye Park and Nettleton in August, 1922. (Park, Preston, Mat Crowe and G. Auerbach found the gold there before 1914, but were chased out by the German officials. They returned as soon as the war was over.) Dover followed Nettleton and Park in; “and”, said Ernie, “they gave me a job there to induce me to keep quiet about the gold. Sloane followed me in—he arrived with one boot on and the other round his neck. The natives then were hostile—they kept away from us, inside their barricaded villages.”

Dover should have made several fortunes, but he still is chasing the elusive metal. That day. he had returned from evemhins “anato” « That old bag ’ in that room there is the Q W bi C h I carried in in 1922, when I t r{ , P t Pr | QVmrk- ” trac , Shark-Eye. . _ .. n 1 f aS o^ d f 4 er v? lo^6o^ mi/ D that Shark-Eye Park is now I l ™® in B^ s l^ ) j ne ’ '* oe ,, Sloane, he thought, was on . a . fa ,l m - 111 Qoo. ensla^d ; while Nettleton is in England his mother anc * im a I(^y httle property .

I>ETWEEN Wau and Lae I sat in an 13 aeroplane beside a Brisbane woman, who was having her first real glimpse of up-ended New Guinea. For ten minutes, she gazed out over torn and twisted moun- 57

Sidelights In Papua And

N. GUINEA (Continued from Page 22.) Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y— S ep tem b e r 15, 1939

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!*“?• SnJ- all !r 0f , l i lcr ,?? ib !t stee ? nes !

You know , she said, if they iioned this country out. it would be as big as AfripJi ** , , if wc. ii 115 ’Plane, it was queer to see how the Baiune water- Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., to feed its second power-house— made the grades and found its way down from the dam to the power-house (now being duplicated). It crept along the knifelike edges of the twisted and serrated hiiic e cages oi me twisted and serrated hills “ th e most extraordinary way-a really clever feat in engineering —.

T N Madang, a couple of years ago, there J. was one motor-road, one motor-vehicle and one policeman. The policeman took action against the motorist, and he was properly and satisfactorily fined for running his car without a tail-light ’

Tbprp ovo w™ Inf a of mofor S'™! w ’ a “® a lot ot motor-vehicle*. The police test the brakes of the motorvehicles, as is lawful and proper. But there is no co-ordination. Lads who have been tested one day by one policeman a re held up, a few days later, by another policeman, for another test; and their bitter complaints are of no avail.

A T Wau, 1 asked after an old-timer, ? Wa ? te S *° interview about New Guinea timbers, But I was told that he Was down near Salamaua and, with a few native “ ers 'l s holdout the Creeks m the foothills, at the back Of Kila, to keep going. That shows the enormous possibilities of this countrv if for the individual miner. There is gold all over this Morobe area, in sufficient quantity to support many, many prospectors an d miners, provided always that the men are given practical help and encouragement.

American Or Japanese?

Problems for the Philippines THE United States still is “dithering” with the problem of the Philippines.

Under the Tydings-McDuffie Act, the territory is enjoying increasing independence, and it is due to become completely independent in 1946. But, as the Americans move out, the Japanese are moving in; and the Filipinos now are inclined to prefer the devil they know, to the devil they don’t know.

The U.S. High Commissioner to the Philippines, Mr. McNutt, in a speech at Indianapolis in July, advocated retention of the U.S.A. sovereignty over the islands “to preserve peace in the Orient”. He emphasised not only that this was necessary for the foreign policy of the U.S.A., but also for the economic preservation of the islands. Many Filipino leaders, who campaigned for independence, had changed their minds in the past two years, he said.

“Perhaps suddenly, but, they hope, not too late, many have come to realise that independence, however attractive, may merely mean a trade in sovereignties”, he added.

Five Tons Of Fiji Gold

rE Emperor and Loloma gold mines in Fiji continue to increase their monthly output says the “Fiji Times”.

The production of fine gold up to mid- August from Emperor was 113,496 ounces, equalling 3.45 tons; and from Loloma 62,649 ounces, equalling 1.90 tons. Valued in Fijian currency it amounted to £1,485,872.

Dearer Petrol and More Taxes in Papua AN increase in taxation was considered necessary by the Legislative Council of Papua, which met in mid-August and had before it budgetary figures relating to the current year.

The duty on petrol was raised by 3d. per gallon, which makes the retail price, in Port Moresby and Samarai, in the vicinity of 2/- per gallon.

The only other tax imposed took the form of a re-arrangement of the method of assessing the ad valorem customs duty.

The practice in the past has been to calculate, in Australian currency, the percentage on goods from overseas, as if sterling figures were Australian currency figures. It now has been decided that the value of all goods being imported shall first of all be converted into Australian currency, before the percentage of ad valorem customs duty is calculated.

The two new taxes will give several thousands of pounds per annum of additional revenue, and it was then calculated that this would about balance the budget. This, of course, was before the outbreak of war—there is no saying how this latter cataclysm may effect the Territory’s finances.

A new convent school will shortly be erected in Port Moresby, Papua, to replace the old school which recently was demolished.

Rabaul Electricity, Limited declared a dividend of 5 per cent, early in September. 58 September 15, 193 9—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Halt a Century of Mission Work Late Monseigneur Doucere, Bishop of New Hebrides MONSEIGNEUR Doucere, French Roman Catholic Bishop of the New Hebrides, who died recently at Vila, aged 82. was interred at Montmartre Mission station, five miles inland, following a Funeral Mass, in Vila Church. In spite of heavy rain, the funeral was attended by the whole Vila population, French and English, Catholic and Protestant, Though little seen of late years, excepting at special Church ceremonies, Bishop Doucere was much loved throughout the New Hebrides, where he had lived and worked for 50 years. Before the funeral procession moved off. eulogistic speeches, touching on Bishop Doucere’s life and work, were made by Monsieur Sautot (French Resident Commissioner) and Mr. Blandy (Acting British Resident Commissioner). Don Manuel Bosch Barrett, Spanish President of the Joint Court of the New Hebrides, was also present.

Bishop Doucere was born at Evran, North France, on April 3, 1857. Entering the priesthood as a young man. he was one of the first four Catholic missionaries chosen to launch a Mission in the New Hebrides in 1886. On his way out, however, he was retained at Noumea whilst his colleagues went on to the island of Malekula. Later, he was sent to relieve Father Le Forestiere, whose health had broken down through hardship while founding the first mission station at Port Sandwich, Malekula.

The Mission had met with little success and Father Doucere found himself confronted with a heavy task. There was a shortage of supplies and equipment, and the promised material to build a mission house had not arrived. Pere Doucere lived in a rude native hut, and suffered many perils and hardships voyaging from place to place, in all weathers, in native canoes and small boats. He later returned to Noumea to place the exact state of affairs before his Bishop, Monseigneur Fraysse. He was given reinforcements, supplies, and the material to build the first mission house, which still stands at Port Sandwich.

In 1893, after four years of strenuous work, which had now planted the Mission firmly on its feet, he was again forced to return to New Caledonia on account of ill health. In 1898, he toured the New Hebrides mission stations as Bishop’s Delegate and later as Prefet Apostolique.

A central Mission was then founded at Vila, with mission schools at Mele and Montmartre. The Mission now was flourishing, and in 1904, the New Hebrides was made a separate Bishopric, with Prefet Doucere as its first Bishop.

The rest of Monseigneur Doucere’s story is told in his book “The History of the New Hebrides Mission”, published a few years ago. Also interesting are his published “Notes Ethnologiques”, a scholarly work dealing with the origins of the native tribes among whom he worked: and his “Curiosities Linguistiques” which gives us a deeper understanding of the native mind and thought processes.

D.

Koitaki Para Rubber Estates, Ltd., reports that the output of dry rubber from the Papuan plantations in August was 50,787 lb.

Loss Of Aeroplane In Cook

ISLANDS r[IS is how H.M.S. “Achilles” lost an amphibian aircraft at Aitutaki (Cook Islands) early in July : The ship was slowly cruising in circles when the aircraft, having finished a flight over the land, came off to be taken on board.

Two men manned the aircraft. The pilot. Lieutenant Sykes, brought it down and began to taxi up to the side of the ship, while Leading Telegraphist P. Trent, sitting on the wing secured by a safety chain, got ready to hook the machine to the ship’s crane for hoisting on board.

Suddenly, just as it came alongside, the aircraft was caught by a swell ana overturned. Mr. Trent was thrown into the water and Lieutenant Sykes slipped his safety belt as the craft tipped over and struggled clear. Bottom up, the amphibian did not sink for about half an hour, and for the whole of that time the two men made gallant efforts, disdaining the possible presence of sharks, f o secure salvage lines to it. They were assisted by the crew of two seaboats, a cutter and a whaleboat, which were immediately lowered, but the fact that the machine was upside down prevented efforts to secure it before it sank.

Two deaths occurred in Nukualofa, Tonga, in August. Mr. Fred J. Watkin, eldest son of the Rev. J. B. Watkin, who was head of the Free Church of Tonga for many years, passed away after a long illness. Mr. Samuel Stewart, at one time Assistant Manager for Messrs. D. H. &' P.

G., the big German firm, in Haapai, passed away suddenly in the Government Hospital. 59 Pacific Islands Monthly—September 15, 1939

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The Late Father

KIRSCHBAUM Tribute by Wau Protestants AMONG many fine tributes to the memory of Father Kirschbaum, of Wau, a German and a Roman Catholic, killed in an aeroplane accident, none was more notable than that given by the British Protestant congregation of Padre Sherwin’s little church.

Mr. Sherwin announced that his service on Sunday evening, August 14, would be in memory of Father Kirschbaum, and the church was packed with every sort and condition of Wau citizen. Many had not seen the inside of a church for years, and they handled the hymn-books as if they feared the things would bite; but they were sincerely glad to do homage to a man whom all had loved.

Mr. Sherwin preached briefly, but feelingly. “Father Kirschbaum was a very great priest, and a fine Christian gentleman”, he said. “He was the friend of everyone in this community. He was loved by all—with him, there was no denominational barrier. His noble soul has passed on; but the memory of him remains to assist and enrich the lives of those who remain.”

An Appreciation

The following tribute to Father Kirschbaum was written by a well-known resident of Wau, under the pen-name of “Outis”:— The shock caused bv the tragic death of Father Kirschbaum and his companions, was only equalled by the deep sorrow and sense of loss felt by all this community, and many who knew him on the Sepik.

Father Kirschbaum’s intellectual attainments were harnessed to a great simplicity of mind and kindness of heart.

Science, as well as the Church and community, has lost one of great value, and outstanding qualities.

For over 20 years, Father Kirschbaum lived on the Sepik, and probably was one of the greatest authorities on the culture and linguistics of this area. His eager wish to go with an American party to the upper reaches of the Sepik. received a heavy blow when permission from the Administration was rescinded last year, after preparations had been made.

Essentially of a studious nature, besides his accomplishments in the native sphere Father Kirschbaum added a list of five modern languages to his repertoire, apart from Latin and a knowledge of Hebrew.

With the minds of so many peoples open to him, tolerance and broadmindedness characterised his attitude towards men and matters. His flock, in particular, both native and white, mourn the loss of a noble-hearted priest and father in God.

His kindliness of manner, human sympathy, and keen sense of humour, have left an enduring impression of a very gallant and charming Christian gentleman, as well as a great priest.

In some degree, the remarks of Tacitus concerning his father-in-law Agricola, may apply to Father Kirschbaum; “ . . , busts and statues, like their originals are frail and perishable. The soul is formed of finer elements, and its inward form is not to be expressed by the hand of an Th is Paraph, taken by Mr. Ray Parer, shows the late Father Kirschbaum. and the late pilot, W. Schaufhausen, and the Junkers monoplane in which they were killed, in an accident, near Madang, New Guinea, early in August. This probably was the last photograph ever taken of the two well-known men. The photograph was kindly loaned by Mr Parer.

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Mission Used Four Planes

The Eastern New Guinea Mission which is controlled by the German Society of the Divine Word, with its headquarters at Alexishafen, near Madang, and which was established in 1896, has made much use of aeroplanes to maintain contact with its 17 centre stations and 181 outstations.

When Mr. Ray Parer and the mission’s pilot, Mr. Willy Schaufhausen, flew the Fokker monoplane from Adelaide to New Guinea in May last, the mission then had a fleet of four planes in service—the Fokker, which has now crashed, two Klemm monoplanes and a Junker, and three pilots—that is, two in addition to Mr. Schaufhausen. who was killed. Prior to this accident Mr. Schaufhausen, who has been a pilot in New Guinea for five years, had had four crashes, but in none of them had been seriously injured.

Polynesian Club

AT a meeting of the Polynesian Club in Sydney in August, a kava ceremony was tendered to the guest of honour. Mr. Desire Michel, of the New Hebrides inter-island vessel “Polynesien”.

Kava was served by the club secretary, Miss Frances Tye. A feature of the evening was the dance “Faka Futuna” by Maxim Sosefo ( a young Futuna Islander) and Mrs. Rangi Wethered Among the Islands visitors present were Mr. John Quintal, Mr. John and Miss Cora Young, of Norfolk Island; Mr. Marcel Reuss, of Noumea, New Caledonia; and Mrs. Lamacraft, of Tonga.

Natives As Medical Men

Good Work in Polynesia FEW publications of more fascinating interest come into this office than the journal of the Central Medical School, Suva, where are trained the native medical practitioners of Fiji and the neighbouring groups. The journal consists, for the most part, of articles written by the native medical practitioners themselves, and edited by Dr. Hoodless. One notes not only the technical skill that has been developed by these young educated native men in their four years’ training, but also the clarity with which they describe their experiments and results, and express their views.

In this issue of the “Native Medical Practitioner”, (No. 1 of Vol 3) there are articles on the following subjects:— The best method of attacking the problem of tuberculosis among the native peoples of Fiji, discussed by N. M. P.

Baravilala.

Observations on the health conditions of the people of Penrhyn Island, by N.M.P. John Numa. This young practitioner notes some curiously interesting things, based on the fact that about 30 per cent, of this population have contracted leprosy during successive periods extending over 60 years.

The use of coconut fibres as ligatures is described by N.M.P. Okesene—a young Samoan who discovered for himself that coconut fibres, properly prepared and used for sewing up wounds, are better than catgut, insomuch that they cause less infection.

In another article, N.M.P. Tatoa Naou describes in detail a very complicated operation which he and another native A photograph of the Catholic Mission’s Fokker aeroplane shortly after it crashed near Sek aerodrome (Alexishafen), New Guinea, on August 6. Three German missionaries (including Rev. Father Joseph Kirschbaum), the pilot and a native were killed. 61 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—S eptember 15, 1939

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If backache and leg pains are making you miserable, don’t just complain and do nothing about them. Nature may be warning you that your kidneys need flushing out.

The kidneys are the great Alters of the blood. All day long the blood is passing through the 15 miles of kidney tubes to be strained of acids and wastes. Healthy persons should pass 3 pints a day and so get rid of more than 3 pounds of waste matter.

When the kidney tubes become clogged, bladder passages are scanty, burning and smarting. The acids and wastes that should be passed out of the body, stay in the blood and become poisonous. This condition causes nagging backaches, leg pains, loss of pep and energy, getting up nights, lumbago, swollen feet and ankles, pufflness under the eyes, rheumatic pains and dizziness.

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W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd. medical practitioner performed on a man in Ihe Ellice Islands, who was in a very bad way, as the result of Filariasis—or, in other words, an Elephantiasis growth.

Medical work in the villages in Western Samoa is described by NJVI.P. Faatiga.

All this skill has been developed, and all this splendid medical work is beingdone among the native peoples of the South Seas, because of the existence in Suva of the Central Medical School — which is maintained partly by the Government of Fiji and partly by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation.

SUBMARINE OFF N.Q.

REPORTS, published about the middle of August, that a foreign submarine had been seen off the North Queensland coast, in the vicinity of Townsville, were ridiculed. It may be said, however, that the reports were not all imagination —a foreign submarine actually was seen in the vicinity of Townsville, not only by civilians, but by certain aeroplanes of the Australian defence force which were sent out on search. The incident was regarded as serious—until the completion of the Russia-German pact altered the whole international outlook.

Pen-friends in the Pacific Islands are wanted by Mr. Leonard W. Cook, 5 Clovelly Road, Acton Green, Chiswick, London, W. 4,, England.

A Returned Soldiers’ Memorial Hall on Misima Island, Eastern Papua, was officially opened recently by Mr. A. Rentoul, chairmap of the local branch of the R.S.S.I.L.A.

More Eager Search

FOR OIL In Papua and New Guinea r ERE_ has been a persistent rumour in Sydney that, how Britain is at war, and it is neccessary to conserve the Empire’s resources, the oilsearch interests in Papua may soon announce the discovery of a payable oilwell.

Recent inquiries, both in Papua and Sydney, fail to show any basis for the report. The oil interests are exceedingly hopeful and active; but they do not appear yet to have located a real oil-well.

“A definite step forward in the search for oil in Papua and New Guinea has now been recorded”, said the general manager of the Australasian Petroleum Company (Mr. C. Saunders) in mid-August, announcing that the regional district in which the first deep test well will be located has been selected. .

“In this region, several possible structures have been shown up as a result of aerial photography. The importance of these structures cannot, of course, be determined by aerial observation alone, and they are, therefore, now receiving examination on the ground from geological field parties”, he said. ‘‘To assist in choosing the most promising of these structures for the first test by the drill, a seismograph party has recently arrived in Papua, together with an adviser with many years’ experience in conducting seismic operations in Iran.

“The drilling equipment being supplied is the most modern of its kind, capable of dealing with the most difficult structural conditions and, if necessary, a depth of 10.000 ft. can be reached.

“The aerial survey programme that was inaugurated last December is still continuing. To date, over 13.000 square miles of territory have been photographed.”

The company was formed last year with a nominal capital of £1,000,000, and acquired the special permits and properties of Oil Search, Ltd., and Oriomo Oil, Ltd., in New Guinea and Papua respectively. Shareholders _ are the Vacuum Oil Co., Pty., Ltd. (which is* a wholly owned subsidiary of Standard Vacuum Oil Company of America), D’Arcy Exploration Co., London (which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company), and Nominated Holdings, Pty., Ltd., of Sydney (which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Oriomo Oil. Ltd., and Oil Search, Ltd., whose shares are listed on the local exchanges).

The Vacuum and D’Arcy companies subscribed cash for £ 135,000 shares each, while the third partner. Nominated Holdings, received £135,000 in paid-up shares as consideration for permits and properties. Vacuum has the right to introduce one additional shareholding company.

Directors of Australasian Petroleum Co. are Messrs. Hugh Hamilton (chairman), Wesley A.

Ince, W. J. Byrne. M. T. Lloyd, W. A. Freeman, and E. F. Griffin.

H.M.S. FIJI ANEW British cruiser of 8,000 tons, launched several months ago in Scotland, has been named the “Fiji”.

The people of Fiji, through the “Fiji Times and Herald”, raised by public subscription a sum which was transmitted to the Admiralty. The Admiralty purchased various articles with the Fijian donation —mostly silverware (for the mess rooms) which has been inscribed to show the Crown Colony’s interest in the ship. 62 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

May. June. July. Aug.

Cubic yards .. .. 13,343 21,201 24,443 26,693 Gold, oz * 153 228 279 446 Per cubic yard . . I/8V2 l/VU I/8V2 2/4 , ,2 Working cost .... 1/- 1/- /II Vi /II June. July. Aug.

Mill treated, tons .. .. 3.010 3,107 3,326 Bullion, oz 2.793 2.998 3,354 Gold. fine, oz 770 800 842 Silver, fine oz 1.956 2.125 2,436 Estimated value £6.275 £6.525 £6.885 Value per ton of ore 41/8 42/- 41/5 May June July Edie Creek mill— Ore, tons .. 3,269 2,973 3,182 Gold, oz., fine . 803 787 903 Silver, oz., fine . 3,979 3,751 5,280 Alluvial— Gold, oz., fine .. 1,201 653 1,060 Silver, oz., fine . 1,121 1,222 1,923 Golden Ridges mill— Tons treated 1,723 2.5-95 3,116 Gold, oz., fine . . 778 999 2,002 Silver, oz., fine . 778 999 2,002 Operating profit— Edie Creek. £ *865 *765 1,185 Alluvial, £ 1,927 *699 1,578 Golden Ridges, £ 176 1,556 10.294 •Loss.

Loss on alluvial in June was due to low value of the gravel treated.

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Islands Mining

NEWS From Papua PAPUAN APINAIFI PETROLEUM CO., LTD.

Papuan apinaipi petroleum co., ltd., announced early in September that the No. 4 Oiapu Scout Bore was down to 929 ft. with continuous gas showing, the gauge pressure at the surface being 120 lb. to the square inch. From 745 ft. onwards the core showed that the formation was becoming more carbonaceous.

YODDA GOLDFIELDS, LTD.

Yodda Goldfields, Ltd., announced in early September that the yield for August was 98 oz. of gold.

MANDATED ALLUVIALS. N.L.

Transfer books of Mandated Alluvials. N.L., closed on September 12 in connection with the proposed payment of an interim dividend of 3d. per share, payable on September 26.

CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLDMINE, LTD.

Figures for the August clean-up from Cuthbert’s mine on Mislma Island. Papua, compared with the two previous yields as follows; From New Guinea SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT, LTD.

THE directors of Sunshine Gold Development.

Ltd., in a circular to shareholders, state that it is not possible to make a distribution from profits this year.

The surface area of the ground from which overburden has been removed is five and a half acres, and for the past three months, the directors point out, the company has been elevating the deeper gravels with profitable results. The No. 5 elevator, however, is working ground of comparatively low value, and it is not expected that the richer ground uncovered by deflecting the course of the Watut River will be reached until later in the year. No. 6 elevator is already in position to treat this ground. A pipeline over the Watut River, to sluice the terraces, has been laid, and it is expected that sluicing will be in progress during September. The sluicing of the terraces will not require the use of elevators.

The directors believe that no further major capital expenditure on the company’s property will be requlredT for some time. The whole of the work undertaken this year has been carried out with the object of increasing production and lengthening the life of the mine.

The clean-up for August yielded 273 oz. of gold.

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS, LTD.

A progress report Issued in August by The Mining Trust, Limited, consulting engineers to New Guinea Goldfields, Limited, compared the production and profit for May, June and July, as follows:

Enterprise Of New Guinea Gold And

PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT. N.L.

A report from Enterprise of New Guinea Gold and Petroleum Development, N.L., In mld- August, gave the following details of operations: —Edie mine, faces on the three levels still in ore. South crosscut at 1,000 ft. from portal of No. 1 level passed through several makes of quartz. At 23 ft. from the main drive across a width of 21 in., following were values: Gold 8 oz. 19 dwt. 9 grs., silver 16 oz. 8 dwt. 19 grs.

Crosscut being continued, and still in mineralised quartzitic material.

SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING, LTD.

The mine manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing. Ltd., New Guinea, reported early in September that the last four yields compared as follows: — From Fiji LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES, N.L.

THE sixth dividend from Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines, N.L., of 1/- a share was declared payable on September 8. Share transfer books closed on August 25.

With this payment (requiring £41,250), Loloma will have returned £247,500 to shareholders, while Emperor has returned £237,500. Total distributions from these two Fijian undertakings has thus reached £485,000 —within a period of four years from the formation of Loloma company and the first crushing by Emperor as a public company. (Continued Overleaf) 63 Pacific Islands Mon t h 1 y-S epte m b e r 15, 193 9

June 14. July 12. Aug. 9.* Sept. 6.

Tons treated .. 2,244 2,548 2,459 2,525 Gold, oz„ fine . . 3.007 3,408 3,236 3,295 Silver, oz., fine , 580 9t»5 572 660 Residue, dwt. . 0.9 0.95 1.28 0.84 •No old residues retreated. Mill closed 24 hours —public holiday.

Four weeks ended June July Aug. Sept. 14. 12. 9. 8.

Ore treated, tons 14.162 13,971 14,445 13,185 Head value, dwt. . . 6.86 6.5 6.45 7.0 Gold, oz., fine , 4,103 4,103.5 4,086 4,046 Residues, dwt. 0.71 0.46 0.63 0.81 Four weeks ended June 14. July 12. Aug. 9. Sept. 6.

Ore. tons . . 2355 2662 2719 3069 Gold, fine oz. 592 622 652 716 Value. £ A. . 5180 6442 5705 7160 FIJI Mid-Peb.

Mid-April.

Mid-Aug.

Emperor Mines . b9/4 b7/ll b8/9 Loloma blSf/9 bl9/6 b23/- Mt. Kasl b4/2 b4/3 b2/6 Tavua Dev s6d b3d s6d

New Guinea

Bulolo G.D b £ 6/15/- - b £ 6 b£7/2/- Enterprise of N.G. b25/ s25/ bl7/6 Guinea Gold .... bl3/ bl2/6 bl3/ N G.G., Ltd b2/7 bl/11 b2/7 Vi Oil Search b5/7 b4/7 b3/4 Placer Dev b72/6 s70/s70/- Sandy Ck bl/4 bl/4 bl/3 Sunshine Gold .. b7/ll b7/b5/4 PAPUA Cuthbert’s , bl6/6 b!5/bl6/- G.M. of Papua .. b2/3 bl/b3Vad Mandated All. .. b2/6 b2/3 s4/- Oriomo Oil ..... b8/ 6 slO/b4/- Papuan Aplnalpl b6/3 b5/6 b3/6 yodda Goldfields b9d bl/bl/4

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Truck and bus manufacturers, trains, ships and aeroplanes are now installing Diesel engines.

Because of its greater economy, a large number of factories, mines, and power plants are changing over to Diesel.

Trained Diesel men are needed everywhere to operate and maintain these Diesel engines. r FILE No. 34a OBTAINED POSITION 28/3/39. WAGES £7 PER WEEK.

Formerly earning £4/5/- per week. Commenced training June, 1938. Received Diesel Engineering College Diploma February, 1929. Obtained above position 28/3/’39.

FILE No. 36a. OBTAINED POSITION 29/6/ 39. SALARY £9 PER WEEK.

As Diesel Salesman. Had no former engineering knowledge. Completely trained by the Diesel Engineering College.

FILE No. 37a. .Former earnings £4/15/- —Completed course in six months—is earning £6/16/-. No former training in diesel.

YOU Can Qualify As a Diesel Operator In Your Spare Time at Home.

You don’t need any previous knowledge of engineering and you don’t need any high educational standard. The Diesel Engineering College course teaches you the whole subject covering both transport Diesel (tractors, buses, etc.), and stationary Diesel (mining and other power plants).

The course has been prepared with the co-operation of leading Diesel authorities and the Diploma awarded you on completion is recognised by employers all over Australia. Post the coupon below and full details will be sent you by return.

The Diesel Engineering College Makes Learning Easy This College does not sell you £ does it fill you up with a lot of to know to operate and service coaches take you in hand. You are guided step by steo with the aid of easily followed instruction papers and diagrams. Everything is made clear. You’ll be amazed to find how quickly you become familiar with the workings of the Diesel. Many students have qualified for positions in as short a period as four months.

The fees are low and payments easy. l pile of text books and leave you to wade through them, nor complicated mathematics. It teaches you just what you need Diesel engines efficiently. As soon as you enrol, practical

Send Now For A Free Booklet

i “7. i

Diesel Engineering College

Dept. 12, 255 a George Street, Sydney, N.S.W. j r , * Please send me the Free Booklet with particulars of the Diesel | Engineering College Course.

I NAME . .

I ADDRESS L AGE I I P.I. SEPT. '39. | Loloma’s dividends are as follows:—May 27, 1938, 1/-; August 31, 1938, 1/-; December 9, 1938, 1/-; March 8, 1939, 1/-: June 8, 1939, 1/-; September 8, 1939, 1 Output figures of Loloma showed ah allround increase in the financial year just ended.

Average grade improved to 26.8 dwt. of gold to the ton of ore. Reserves of ore have recently been augmented by development work in the lower levels. Profits in the six months to January 31 was £97,698 against £83,793 for the previous 10 months.

A recent report from the company stated:— Theodore Shaft.—Skidded to 323 ft. Pipe and ladderway compartments partitioned. Flat sheets and back timbering at Nos. 1 and 2 plats being installed. Pumps installed on No. 3 level and 6 ft. discharge line installed to surface.

General.—Erection of conveyor system from Theodore shaft to Mill well in hand. Regent Lode.—Winze being sunk by the Emperor near Loloma boundary has disclosed values approximately 1 oz. over width of 60 in. for depth of 100 ft. Persistence of these values indicates possibility of their extension into our company’s lease.

The September yield is compared with the three previous months in the following table: — Four weeks ended EMPEROR GOLD MINING CO., LTD.

Emperor Gold Mining Co. Ltd., reported at the end of August, that 1,101 ft. of chum drilling had been completed along N. end of the Cardigan main lode. Pour holes disclosed flat make approximately 80 ft. from surface, values averaging 15 dwt. a ton over 15 ft. Further testing will be necessary before tonnage or grade can be reported.

Construction is proceeding satisfactorily on the Vatia wharf. Good progress is being made with the new workshops and store buildings to serve Emperor and Loloma. The lime kilns at Tau are functioning smoothly.

Returns from the Emperor mine for the past four four-weekly periods are compared in the following table:— Concentrates stacked, pending further treatment, 13 tons, estimated to contain 50 oz. of fine gold.

MOUNT KASI MINES, LTD.

Latest yields from the Mount Kasi mine at Vanua Levu are compared in the following table:— '

Samoa Exports Tomatoes

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Aug. 22.

TRIAL shipments of Samoan tomatoes, grown by New Zealand Reparation Estates, have been forwarded to New Zealand by the last “Matua” and “Maui Pomare”, the latter having taken 230 cases. The “Maunganui” (on a cruise) was lo take 1,000 cases for the Auckland market; but, owing to lack of cold storage on the eight days’ voyage, it was too risky to ship the tomatoes and the fruit, already packed, had to be disposed of at the cheap price of 1/- a case to Apia householders.

The Samoan tomatoes are of excellent quality and flavour.

Quotations For Islands Mining Shares Arthur Cyril Eldred, of Kurraba Road, Neutral Bay, Sydney, who was proceeded against, at the Central Police Court on September 8, for a breach of the Goldbuyers’ Ordinance, 1931-1938, at Salamaua. New Guinea, in 1935, was ordered to be held in custody and taken to Rabaul for trial. Bail of £5OO was allowed by consent. Eldred was charged that, at Salamaua, about January 14, 1935, he removed 145 ounces of gold from the Territory without giving the principal officer of Customs in the district at least two days’ notice. 64 September 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

Poieman STOVE 1— Lights Instantly—No Preheating. 2 Instant Heat Regulation. 3 Safety Shut-off Valve. 4 Nickel-Plated—Rust-Proof. 5 Wind-Proof, Silent, Odorless.

Built For A Multitude

OF USES.

Sold by all leading Firms in the Pacific Islands.

In case of difficulty In obtaining supplies write to: Pearce & Co. Suva, Fiji Islands.

The Prospectors

Portable Pump

and Petrol Engine Combination It consists of a Centrifugal Pump and Petrol Engine. The capacity is up to 100 gallons and the unit is light and portable. .

Handles are provided rHC© £39/10/for carrying. i We also manufacture general Irrigation Pumps and Windmills, Engineers Cr Plumbers' Brasswork, and are Distributors of General Building Supplies.

Write for Prices. ’Phone; M 6505 (18 lines). Late Shopping Friday.

JOHN DANKS & SON (Incorp. in Victoria). 324-330 Pitt Street, SYDNEY.

And at Melbourne.

Lionel Shoppee Leaves

For The War

WAU, Sept. 2.

WHEN the news quickly went round Wau late in August that Lionel Shoppee had received radioed instructions that day from London to report immediately at Singapore base for military duty, it seemed to increase the general prevailing tension.

Flight-Lieutenant Lionel Conrad Shoppee, an Englishman who came out of the Great War with brilliant honours, arrived in New Guinea late in 1929 and. with a partner named Bryne, was one of the pioneers in establishing commercial aviation on the field. Later, he gave up his commercial interests in flying and became an enthusiastic participant in gold mining; but, nevertheless, each year he has completed the requisite number of flying hours, which enabled him to retain his ticket and remain on the reserve list of the British Royal Air Force.

Mr. Shoppee answered the call in true military fashion. In less than twentyfour hours from receipt of radio he had put in order most of his business matters, packed the old kit bag and was on his way to Singapore. Meantime, his capable wife is “holding the fort” at this end, by carrying on her husband’s mining operations at Edie Creek.

Military Work For Papuan

POLICE A SPECIAL ordinance passed through the Legislative Council of Papua recently, gives legal effect to the British decision that the Papuan Armed Constabulary may now be called the Royal Papuan Constabulary.

Another, and important, provision is that power is given to the Lieutenant- Governor to use this police force as a military force when the necessity arises.

Power is also given to him to raise and maintain European companies of the Papuan Armed Constabulary by voluntary enlistment.

Mr. Malcolm Champion, a Norfolk Islander, who achieved fame as New Zealand's foremost swimmer during the period 1908-1914. died recently at the age of 55. He was the first swimmer to represent N,Z. at the Olympic Games.

Early Explorers In

MORGBE, N.G.

Finders of Pygmies and Koranga Creek Letter to the Editor IN the “P.1.M.” of May there is an article “Who Found Those N.G. Pygmies?”

Late in 1911. Mat Crowe, Jim Preston, Shark-Eye Park and myself, left Samarai, on a prospecting * trip to the Markham River, on invitation from Dr. Hahl, the Governor of German New Guinea.

While we were camped on the divide, between the Ramu and the Markham, the pygmies came into the camp, with food, etc. We made friends with them, and they did about three weeks’ carrying for us, while prospecting.

I do not know whether Father Kirschbaum met the pygmies before 1911.

Of course, ihe men I was with were only old prospectors, and I quite understand that they never get any credit, the good ones don’t expect it.

The first white man to reach Koranga Creek (the heart of the Morobe goldfield) was J. Preston. Preston and Mat Crowe did the prospecting, and Shark- Eye Park looked after the camp.

The reason why they left was that the German Administrator came down from Madang and kicked them out. The German officials did not know that they had found gold.

It was a successful trip, as they got about 600 Birds of Paradise. They* were sold in Rabaul at £3/-/- per head—also 750 oz. of gold, which was kept quiet. Only the four of us knew of it.

I am, etc..

E. AUERBACH.

Muwo Is., Trobriand Group, Eastern Papua, 6/6/1939.

Monsieur de Creisquer, general agent for Messageries Marltimes at Noumea, New Caledonia, has been transferred to Shanghai. He has been succeeded at Noumea by Monsieur Gobard de Gopany.

Joane Malietoa, eldest son of the late High Chief Malietoa Tanumafili, 0.8. E., whose death occurred in Samoa recently, has been elected to succeed to the Malietoa title.

Flight-Lieutenant L. C. Shoppee. 65 Pacific Islands Month! y—S eptember 15, 1939

Like-a-Plash Match* and Cigarette Selling!

Machines for wall orl counter. All metal] Fool-proof. Two sizes.

Holds 18 pkts. of 6d Cigarettes. Price 32 6.

Larger size holds 241 pkts. of Cigarettes,f 37/6. Match machines, Id. slot, holds 241 pkts., 37/6.

Dice Of All Kinds |

Head and Tails, and 6’s, 1 to 6’s, Red, or Green, Round or Square corners. %ths in. Set of 5 for 8/6. 7«ths in. Set of 5 for 11/6.

We stock all kinds of Dice and Dice Games, Under and Over 7 Game, 2/6. Crown and Anchor 10/6 set. Dice Shakers 4/6, 6/6, 8/6, 10/6.

Poker Dice Sets, 5 for 6/6, 8/6.

Crown and Anchor Dice, 1/3 and 1/6 each. Crown and Anchor Betting Cloths, 3/6.

Roulette Wheel with Betting Sheet and Rules. 8 in., 22/6 set. Roulette Wheels, 38/6, 45/6, 65/-, 84/-. Sandown Spinning Wheel, Race Game, 63/-. 84/- with Betting Cloth.

No. .I.—Sheffield made Throwing Knife in Sheath, 6/9. As illustrated.

No. 2.—Remington, U.S.A. made Hunting and Sporting Knives in Sheath, 10/6.

Leak-proof Pyrex Glass Aerial Insulators, 3/6 to 6/6.

Games for all. Snooker Sets, 27/6.

Roulette Wheels with cloth and instructions, 22/6. Bobs Balls fompositlon). IVt inch, 6/6. IVa inch 8/6. 1 3 A inch, 15/-. Indoor Bias Bowls—B Bowls with Jack composition, 13/6.

Accumulators for Auto and Radio.

Guarantee the Best possible obtainable price. Send your order. Satisfaction assured.

Write for full list of Radio valves.

We guarantee a better price for your wants. 0 Ormond British Made Highest Grade Vernier Dials, 3 inch Brown Bakelite or Metal, 8/6.

“UTILITY” Short Wave Dials World’s Best: 12/6.

No. 1 Morse Code Practice Sets, with Switch Buzzer to Light. Use as you desire. 22/6 complete.

No. 2, wdth Heavier Type Morse Key; 30/-. Pendograph Bug Key. 70/-. Adjustable Key (only), 12/6.

High Pitched Buzzers, 4/6. 48/6 Just arrived from the maker in London, “Cosmocord” De Luxe Crystal Pick-me-up, with Built-in Vol. Control, 48/6. Write for List of Pickups.

I r i i> m ini. I seea Like-a-Plash “Eliminoise” Aerial Kit for short or dual-wave sets. Aerial, Pyrex type Insulators,, transposition blocks and 200 ft. aerial coll, 22/6.

Eliminates unwanted aerial and hideous electrical noises from your dual-wave or short-wave sets. 5 Microphone units for experimenting Mesh-front metal case, as illustrated, 7/6.

Adjustable All-way Morse Key, Long or Short Tap, 12 6. Heavier P.M.G.

Type, 19/6. so* 4 Build Little Jim, the splendid set from Wireless and Hobbies. Easyway Charts and Instructions, 6d.

All Parts 32/-, Valves 13/6, Batteries 11/-. Phones 10/6 and 12/6. The set ready built—complete, £3/16/6.

CATALOGUE.

Now being compiled, ready late in September. Order your copy now, Bd. Post Free. Send for it to-day.

Limited Number Only.

Levenson’s Wonder Book of Specialities. Radio, Coin-operated Machines, Games. Jokes, Puzzles, Hobbies, crammed full of surprises from Cover to Cover.

“Llke-a-Flash" De Luxe Dual Wave 5 Valve Battery Operated Receiver.

This is one of the most powerful models in the battery set series, and the Radio Frequency stage of amplification gives the set a world range on short wave channels as well as full coverage range of Australasian ‘A” and “B” Class Broadcasters.

The set is also specially designed to give maximum service in humid climates, such as North Queensland and Pacific Island Territories.

A vital part very vulnerable to 'dampness” in ordinary receivers is the ‘‘lntermediate Frequency Section”. In this set our Engineers have fitted special Inductance tuned intermediate frequency transformers, which do not require trimmers. These units ensure correct alignment for a continuous period.

An ”8” Aero Dial calibrated in stations facilitates tuning. Valves used are: 2—lC4, I—KK2,1 —KK2, I—lK6, I—lD4.

The speaker is the latest Ampllon Permagnetic Model, capable of high fidelity reproduction. Battery equipment consists of extra heavy capacty units as follows: 1 2 Volt 100 amp. Accumulator. 3 Ever -Ready Superdyne 45 Volt “B” Batteries.

I Ever-Ready 4Vain. “C” Battery.

The outfit is housed in a beautifully veneered floor model Console Cabinet.

PRICE: £22/5/-.

Handsome Radio Cabinet. Latest • sloping front design. Overall di men - ! sion, 28 in. x 33 in. Genuine | £4/4/- value, now 39/6. Freight and packing extra.

I “LIKE-A-FLASH” 1939-40 AUTO.

RADIO SET.

Suitable for installation in any make of motor car, truck, launch, or ’plane. A single unit 4-valve Radio Receiver fitted with triple purpose valves and special High Gain Coils.

Long Range Reception guaranteed.

Highest Grade Permagnetic Magnet Speaker, lifelike. Excellent quality.

Tonal Reproduction. Lowest possible battery current consumption. Synchronous Vibrator. Six month’s Free service. Fitted to car 30/- extra.

Price: 16 guineas, cash only.

Extremely low noise level. Easily and quickly tuned to the stations you desire. Volume to please yourself.

Gramophone Pick up Heads. £6/6/-.

Goldring English Pick-up Heads.

Suit and Fit all Gramophone Tone Arms. Type 44/4 Pick-up Head with Built-in Volume Control: 19/G. Type 44/5 Pick-up Head, with Volume Control attached: 21/-. Type 33/3 Pick-up Head, with Highly Polished Nickel Finish: 18/6. Bakelite Cased Pick-up Head: IG/6.

W V • ■ eov/ & oo Play, Talk, Sing, Jobe through your Radio. Great Fun. Batteryless type Microphone for Hand Holding or Hanging. 23/6. Complete with lead, fixed in a second. Others, 12/6, 15/-, 17/6, 25/-, 28/6, 32/6. All plus 1/9 for Battery and 1/6 lor 20 ft. Cord.

Write for full detailed list.

B.G.E. Table Type Microphone. Highly recommended for Amateur or Professional use. Built-in Transformer and Battery with Volume Control incorporated.

Just plug into pickup terminals of any set. 39/6.

Radio Serviceman’S Manual

FOR 1939.

Just Out! Australia’s Official Radio Service Manual. Vol. 2, 1939: 10/6.

STAMPS.—Giant Packets from London, 500 assorted Stamps, 2/6 with! 1/6 Free Packet. 100 Specially Selected Stamps, 2/9, with 1/3 Free' Packet. 204 Assorted Stamps from all parts of the world, 3/9, with 3/8 Free Packet.

COLLAR© ELECTRIC 240 A.C.

GRAMOPHONE MOTOR. With turntable, auto-switch and all fittings 45/-. British made.

COMBINATION RADIO GRAMO-

Player In Handsome Polished

CABINET. Hook to set and plug into 240 volt Electric Supply. £9/10/-. Others with no Cabinet, 90/-, 95/-, 105/-. Comprising 240 A.C. Gramophone with Pick-up mounted.

Continental All Direction

COLLAPSIBLE FRAME AERIALS.

On Swivel Base were £9/9/-, now 63/-. Slightly Faulty. Easily fixed.

Gramophone Pick-Up Heads

Fit And Suit All Standard

TONE ARMS. To be used in conjunction with your Radio Gramophone. 10/-, 12/6, 15/-. iirnnnniHiiiiiiiii LEVENSONS RADIO iiiiiiinniiiniiiinim!

Write for Write for GAMES ’ NOVELTIES AND HOBBIES, p| n .Game, Punch 226 PITT STREET, SYDNEY ™ e s m an a d nd Leaflets Manufacturers, Importers, and Exporters. Evens Branches: Radio Cheapslde, 240 a Pitt St., lllTllTminiTTnmn N.S.W., AUSTRALIA. Ilinillllllinilliillllll Cable address: “Leveradioh”. Goods forwarded V.P.P. or Sight Draft. Satisfaction and Service Guaranteed. We can supply by mail all General Merchandise at a Better Price. Quotations with pleasure. Please add freight and packing. Write for full list of interesting leaflets of Games, Hobbies, Novelties, and Electrical Goods. Write for full list of Radio Meters. 66 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

THE READERS DIGEST.

“An article a day” from leading Magazines, in condensed, permanent book form.

Usual price, 1/3 per copy.

Special offer of TWELVE back Issues for 6/-, post free.

GLAMOUR A NEW Magazine.

The Hollywood way to FASHION BEAUTY CHARM.

Profusely Illustrated.

First four issues, 2/6, post free.

C. S. HARVEY.

I» KING STREET. SYDNEY.

Postal Address.

HOX 3516 HR., G.P.0., SYDNEY.

The N COMBINATION that gives the Serviceman a - Complete PORTABLE TESTING n | \ , A DS\n A rr\D V The CALSTAN OSCILLATOR and 22SA LADvKA lUK I MULTITESTEK provide the with 223 A MULTITESTER a ' al P '^i^ o WsSm ® can be operated from either G Volt accumulator or A.C. mains. jKR v*- f At ■ Available with internal or external vibrator as required. f M |9E I* t Tests every valve on the Australian market including the new \. Tests Electrolytic Condensers; and Paper and Mica Condensers.

Ml « MS*Ski W' Measures A ( Volts up to 1,25 ft, Out-put Volts up to 1,250, , M o c Volts up to 1,250, D/C Milliamps up to 250, Ohms from *2 ° h S , et t °in good B quality, leatherette Carrying Case.^ M " MHester CALSTAN OSCILLATOR 17 fine An Oscillator within the reach of every experimenter, set-builder * * V3ITD« or serviceman.

SLADE’S RADIO Pty. Ltd. :; : LANG STREET, CROYDON, N. S. W. TELEPHONES: UJS 3 81-UJSBB 2 DISTRIBUTORS: N.S.W.: Badi. Ewlpment Ply. Ltd., Martto d. Lapnay LM.. Blo.h * Gerbei J W Ltd.. Electric Service Co Newcaste QUEENSLAND J. B. AustraUan General Electric Ltd., Melbourne; Arthur Adelaide. WEST AUSTRALIA: Norman L. Burnell & Co., 13 Queen Street. Perth MCIOKIA. ausi aunceston NFW ZEALAND• New Zea- J. Veall Pty. Ltd.; Hartleys Ltd., Flinders Street. Melbourne. TASMANIA: Noyes Bros. (Melbourne) Ltd., Launceston. NEW ZEAIAMI). land Electrical Equipment Co. Stocks also available from Turnbull and Jones, all branches.

Australian Short Wave broadcast A NATIONAL Short Wave Programme is broadcast daily from Lyndhurst, near Melbourne. Victoria, for listenors in the Western Pacific Call signs: Before 6 p.m. VLRo, after 6.15 p.m. VLR.

Wave lengths: Before 6 p.m. 25.25 metres, after 6.15 p.m. 31.23 metres. Frequencies: Before 6 p.m. 11880 Kcs.; after 6.15 p.m. 9580 Kcs.

N*Ttv Week Days

Daili Meek

a - m - , 4 _ . 6.30 Market Reports. 6.45 National News Bulletin 6.55 Early News Bulletin. 7.00 Physical Exercises. 11l Australian and Overseas News. 8.15 Music. 9’. 30 Story. 10.00 Daily Devotional Service.

Time Signal and Broadeast to Schools.

IZ.M Wheat and Grain Report 12 25 Stock Exchange Reports and London Metal 12.40 Commentary by ‘‘The Watchman.” 12.50 Overseas News.

MS Luncheon 11 Music? News Bu "' ,ln Proeramraf- -5 30 Children’s Session. 6.15 Dinner Music. 7.00 Market Reports and Overseas News. 7.15 Overseas News Service. 7.25 News Commentary. 7.30 Australian News. 7.40 Talk. 9.30 Overseas News. 10.30 Late News. li nn M^fsic Market Rep ° rt 11.20 Summary of Day's News. 11.50 Overseas News. 12.00 Close.

Pm. Every Saturday

12.40 Music. 1.00 News Bulletin. 1.15—5.30 Description of current sporting and athletic events, interspersed with music, 6.00 Music, 6.45 sporting Session. |'* s tlng „ lghllghts ot the week. n 00 Dance Music. 12 00 oiose. every Sunday 8.00 News Bulletin! 8.15 Sporting Session. 8-30 Musical Programme. 9.00 Brass Band Music. 9.30 “in Quires and Places Where They Sing.’ 10 00 News 10.10 Summary of Week’s News. 10.30 “Singers of Renown.”

D,vlne Servlcei.oo Luncheon Music. . close Re-open-Talk. 3.20 ’ Jews Bulletin 7.20 News 0 ® U ‘international ARairs. 10-18 News. 10 30 Close ‘ OCTOBER 1 TO OCTOBER 14 Oct. 1 (Sun.)—7.3o p.m. Harry Bloom with Salon Orchestra; 8 pla y Les Miserables , 9 Isadore Goodman Ensemble.

Oct. 2 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Randwick Races; 8 Serial; 9 Jim Davidson’s Band; 9.30 National Military Band.

Oct. 3 (Tues.) —l.3o p.m. Avenel Races; 8 Orchestral Programme; 10.15 Story; 11 Jim Davidson’s Band.

Oct 4 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Race Descriptions at Melbourne and Sydney; 8 Request Items; 8.30 play; 930 Kn P s Ensemble.

Oct. 5 (Thurs.)—B. p.m. Variety Programme; 8.30 Concert Hour; 9.45 Ballad Recital.

Oct. (J (Fri.)—B.ls p.m. Orchestral Programme; 9.30 Play; 10.05 National Military Band.

Oct. 7 (Sat,)—l.ls p.m. Race Descriptions; 8 Mills Brothers; 8.15 Dr. Malcolm Sargent (Sydney Symphony Orchestra); 10.15 Vocal Recital.

Oct. 8 (Sun.)— 7.3o p.m. Salon Orchestra; 8 Play.

Oct. 9 (Mon.) —8 p.m. Serial; 9 Jim Gerald, with A.B.C. Dance Band; 9.30 National Military Band.

Oct. 10 (Tues.)—l.3o p.m. Kyneton Races; 8.15 Dr. Malcolm Sargent (Sydney Symphony Orchestra) ; 9 Talk; 10.15 Flute Quartet; 11 Jim Davidson’s Band.

Oct. 11 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Geelong Races; 8 Request Items; 8.30 Play; 9.30 National Military Band; 10 Sydney String Quartet.

Oct. 12 (Thurs.)—B p.m. Variety Programme; 67 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 193§

Copra South Sea, Plantation, Sun-dried Hot-air Dried, London to London Rabaul Price on— Per ton, c.l.f.

Per ton, c.l.f.

January 1, , 1932 £14 0 0 £14 15 0 June 17 ., £13 2 6 £13 5 0 December 16 .. £14 2 6 £14 5 0 January 6, , 1933 £13 0 0 £13 12 6 March 3 £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 .. .. £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 30 £7 7 6 £8 0 0 June 15 £8 0 0 £8 12 6 September 7 .. .. £7 12 6 £8 15 0 December 28 . . £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 , . £9 5 0 £10 5 0 March 1 £12 : 2 6 £12 15 0 June 7 .. £11 15 0 £12 7 6 September 6 . . . . £9 17 6 £10 17 6 December ( S .. .. £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles, to London Rabaul.

Price on— -Per ton.c.l.f. Per ton, c.l.f. Per ton.c.l.l.

Jan. 3. '36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £14 0 0 Mar. 6 . . £11 15 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 June 5 . . £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 0 Sept. 4 . , £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Dec. 4 . . £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8, ’37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £23 12 6 Mar. 5 . . £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 June 4 £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 Sept. 3 . . £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Dec. 3 . . £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Jan. 7. '38 £12 12 6 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 Peb. 4 . ., £11 2 6 £11 10 0 £12 7 6 Mar. 4 .. £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Apr. 1 .. £10 10 0 £10 12 6 £11 10 0 May 6 £10 17 6 £10 17 6 £11 17 6 June 3 .. £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 12 6 July 1 . . £9 17 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Aug. 5 £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 Sept. 2 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Oct. 7 . , £9 2 6 £9 2 6 £10 2 6 Nov. 4 . . £8 12 6 £8 12 6 £9 10 0 Dec. 2 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Jan. 6, ’39 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 10 6 Jan. 13 .. £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 7 6 Jan. 20 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Jan. 27 .. £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Peb. 3 .. .. £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Peb. 10 .. £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Peb. 17 £9 15 0 £10 0 0 £10 17 6 Feb. 24 . . £9 17 6 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 3 . £10 0 0 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 10 . £9 17 6 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 17 . . £9 15 0 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Mar. 24 . £9 15 0 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Mar. 31 . £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 April 6 . £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 April 14 £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 April 21 £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 April 28 £9 17 6 £10 0 0 £11 0 0 May 5 . . £10 0 0 £10 5 0 £11 0 0 May 12 . £10 5 0 £10 10 0 £11 5 0 May 19 . £10 5 0 £10 7 6 £11 2 6 May 26 . . £10 7 6 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 June 2 . . £10 7 6 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 June 9 . . £10 5 0 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 June 16 . £9 15 0 £10 0 0 £10 17 6 June 23 . £9 10 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 June 30 . £9 5 0 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 July 7 .. £9 2 6 £9 7 6 £10 5 0 July 14 . . £9 0 0 £9 5 0 £10 0 0 July 21 . £8 15 0 £8 17 6 £9 12 6 July 28 . . £9 0 0 £9 2 6 £10 0 0 Aug. 4 £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Aug. 11 . . £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Aug. 18 . £&• 0 0 £9 2 6 £10 2 6 Aug. 25 . £9 5 0 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Sept. 1 . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 Sept. 8 . — — London Rubber Para.

Plantation Smoked.

Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6, 1933 4%d. .. 2.43d.

July 7 .. 3.71d.

December 8 .. 4.0%.

January 5, 1934 4 Mid. .. 4.28d.

July 6 . . 7.06d.

December 28 . .. 6Mid.

January 4, 1935 5d. .. 6%d.

July 5 .. 7 7 /ad.

December 6 .. 6%d.

January 3, 1936 .. 6Mad.

June 5 9d. .. 7Mid.

December 4 .. 9 l-16d.

January 8, 1937 1/2 .. 10 Mad.

June 4 .. 9 5-8d.

December 3 7Mid. .. 7 Mad.

January 7, 1938 .. 7d.

March 4 6d. .. 7Mad.

July 1 6%d. .. 7 Mid, October 7 .. . 8d. .. 8%d.

December 2 . . 7 Mid. . . 8d January 6, 1939 7d. .. 8 Mad.

February 3 .. .. 6y„d. .. 7"Mad.

March 3 .. .. 7 Mid. .. 8 5-lfld.

April 6 7d. .. 8d.

May 5 7 Mid. .. 7 15/16d.

May 12 7 Mid. .. 7 31-32d.

June 2 .. 8 5-16d.

July 7 7%d. . . 8 Mi July 14 7%d. .. 8Mid.

July 21 7 Mad. .. 8%d.

July 28 7 Mid. .. 8%d.

August 4 ., .. 7%d. 8 Mad.

August 11 .. ..

August 18 . . . . 7%d. .. 8%d.

August 25 .. .. 8%d. .. 7%d.

September 1 .. ., — .. — September 8 . . . 9 Mad. .. 9V a d.-10d PLANTATION MANAGER seeks position in Papua, or elsewhere, to gain rubber experience. Thoroughly understands cocoa and copra production, stock, concreting, and kiln erection. Mechanic. 5 years New Guinea. References, integrity. Single. Reply: A.8.C., Post Office, Rabaul.

Wanted To Purchase

Used stamps of all Pacific Islands.

Highest prices paid. Regular consignments solicited. Remittances guaranteed by return mail.

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Alex. F. W. Schwabach, Basle, Switzerland. 8.30 A.B.C. Concert Hour; 9.45 Sydney Trio; 11 Harry Bloom’s Dance Band.

Oct. 13 (Fri.)—B p.m. National Military Band; 9 Jim Davidson; 9.30 Ballad Music; 10 Choral Programme.

Oct. 14 (Sat.) —1.15 p.m. Race Descriptions: 8 Recital (Mills Brothers); 9.30 Male Quartet: 11 Dance Music.

Bishop Of New Hebrides

I'IHE new Bishop of the New Hebrides, . Most Rev. Dr. Jules Halbert, S.M., will be consecrated at Vila, New Hebrides, on October 1. Dr. Halbert was appointed Bishop of the New Hebrides last month in succession to the late Most Rev. Dr. Victor Doucere, S.M., whose death occurred in May.

Mr. D. Everett, who has an interest in Biua Plantation, Djaul Island, New Guinea, returned to Sydney from a visit to the Mandated Territory by the August “Bulolo”. He sailed for London a few days later.

Market Quotations

Broadcast Of Copra Prices

SOUTH SEAS produce prices (including copra) are broadcast weekly from Sydney In the news bulletin from A.W.A.’s world range shortwave station VK2ME each Sunday at 9 p.m., and Monday at 1.45 a.m. (Sydney time). Operating on a 31.28 wave length (9,590 kilocycles), VK2ME will transmit programmes in October on Sundays between 3.30 p.m. and 5.30 p.m. (0530-0730 G.M.T.), and 7.30 p.m. and 11.30 p.m (0930-1330 G.M.T.); and on Mondays between 12.30 a.m. and 2.30 a.m. (1430-1630 G.M.T.). 68 September 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

£ £ £ No. 1 grade .. .. 73 75 80 No. 2 grade .... 62 63 68 No. 3 grade . . .. 49 50 56'/ 2 All quotes are f.o.b., and on the Australian £ C for SClnc / C driven tence h i

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Islands Produce

THE following quotations were obtained In Sydney in mid-September:— Coffee Robusta, fa q , imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment.

Sydney: Quote No. 1: 33/-* stg. per cwt. (prompt shipment; quote No. 2: 18/3, per cwt.

Kenya, f.a.q., Immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. Quote No. 1: Grade “B”, 63/-* (prompt shipment). Quote No. 2:f Grade “B'% 55/-; grade “C”, 51/-.

Mysore, f.a.q., c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt., No. 1 quotations; No supplies available until January- February, 1940.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah, f.a.q.. c.i.f., Sydney -No. 1 quotation, 77/-* stg. per cwt. No. 2 quotation, 76/- per cwt.t *Does not include War Risk. tPurely nominal, as sterling rates of exchange have been fluctuating widely.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay me louowaig acuationai charges: Excnange, duty i4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent.), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on Arm conversion of exchange (8 Guilders to £), the c.i.f. prices for kapok in mid-September were: Average Java, 5-5/16d. per lb., and Prime Japara, 5%d. per lb.

Cotton London c.i.f. cotton prices during the month were:—August 18, 4.47 d. lb., September shipment; August. 25, 4.97 d. lb., September shipment; September 1,4.99 d. lb., October shipment; September 8, —.

Ivory Nuts No 1 quotation: £7 per ton, f.o.b.

No. 2 quotation: £7 per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Quotations nominal.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: New Guinea cocoa £2B-30 per ton.

Quote No. 2: Accra, good fermented, last quote several weeks ago, £22/10/- stg. per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Quote No. 3: £2B per ton (nominal).

Rice Rangoon rice, packed in 100 lb. bags and 200 lb. sacks. Market nominal, no quotes.

Australian table rice, packed in 56 lb. bags, £2O per ton.

Mother of Pearl Shell At the last Mother of Pearl Shell sales in London in July a smaller supply was brought forward. The demand was limited. Of 415 packages of Torres Strait shell, 125 were sold at prices ranging from 110/- per cwt. B Stout medium to 15/- per cwt. for EE rejections.

Nearly 50 packages of Black Edged Tahiti shell put up were later withdrawn. Eight packages of Black Edged Fiji fetched 20/- for small to bold and 5/- for defective and broken.

Trochus Shell Owing to Japan’s restrictions on overseas credits, there have been no sales for some time.

The following are nominal quotations from three Sydney sources:— Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, quoted nominally by Sydney buyers:—Quote No. 1: £4O; No. 2: £52-£54.

Hon. O. F. Nelson, M.L.C., was unable to attend the August meeting of the Legislative Council of Western Samoa, owing to indisposition, and leave of absence was granted accordingly.

Ven. Archdeacon A. J. Thompson, rector of Samarai, who has been spending leave in Melbourne, will return to Eastem Papua this month.

Mr. H. C. Monckton, Adviser on Native Affairs in Fiji, returned to Suva from leave by the “Monowai” in August. He was accompanied by his wife. 69 Pacific Islands Monthl y—S eptember 15, 1939

Buying. Selling. £ s. d. £ s. d Telegraphic transfer .... 110 15 0 112 0 0 On demand 110 12 6 111 17 6 Telegraphic transfer Buying.

Selling. £125 10 0 On Demand £123 10 0 125 7 6 30 days 123 5 0 125 5 0 60 days 123 0 0 125 2 6 90 days 122 15 0 125 0 0 120 days 122 10 0 124 17 6

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Exchange Rates THE following exchange quotations, gathered in Sydney, show the rates existing in mid-September;— FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying £AIII/2/6, selling £AII3.

Flji-London on basis £lOO London:—

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney, are on basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less % per cent, (approx.) either way. (Owing to the present unsettled state of the market, no quotations are being issued either by the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris Bank in Sydney or the Banque de ITndo-Chine in Noumea, New Caledonia).

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

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Francs to £ Australia on Papeete. Australian Average for week ended 21/8/39 138.43 Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian Average for week ended 21/8/39 138.28 Last quotations by Bank of N.S.W. on August 25 were:—Papeete, 138.10; Noumea, 137.94.

Since then, owing to the irregularity of the market, there have been no further quotations.

NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Port Moresby, 10/- per cent.; on Rabaul, 10/- per cent.—Other Papua and New Guinea districts, £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London:— Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia on Papua 10/- per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of 10/- per cent.; Australia on Rabaul 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London: Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa—buying. £A99/12/6; selling, £ AlOO/2/6.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £ 100 in London:—

Papuan Rubber Industry

IN view of the international situation, the Government of Papua has approached the Australian Government urging that a Rubber Stabilisation Fund be created to encourage the establishment and development of the rubber industry in Papua.

Rubber is one of the principal sources of revenue in Papua, and also represents one of the vital needs of Australia; and. in order that further capital may be attracted to the Papuan industry, it is felt that something in the nature of a Government guarantee is necessary. Growers should be safeguarded against loss should the market price fall below a minimum figure. It is argued that 6d. per pound c.i.f. London would be a fair and equitable price for stabilisation, Papua now provides 10 per cent, of Australia’s rubber. 70 September 15, 193 9—3? acific Islands Monthly

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"Gus" Nelsson

PASSES ON Fine Old Pioneer of Popua WHEN the Hon. John Gusth Nelsson, MLC., died in Brisbane, aged 74, on August 27, Papua lost an old and well-loved resident.

“Gus” Nelsson arrived in Australia in 1883, at the age of 18, and followed various occupations, principally in the Gulf country. He crossed to Papua (then British New Guinea) in 1893.

He joined the “Ivanhoe” party of propeclors in 1895, and travelled with them from Woodlark Island to Bartle Bay. The prospects there being disappointing, the party went on to the Mambare, and, on entering the river, met Clarke’s party returning, their leader murdered and their stores looted.

The two parties joined forces and proceeded up the river, where they took some measure of vengeance on the natives, and established themselves on the river near the mouth of the Tamata Creek.

Prom this point, prospecting was carried on, and resulted in the discovery of Laughlin’s Creek in the following year, and the Yodda field shortly afterwards.

“Gus” returned with some of the Ivanhoe party to Woodlark Island, where the Ivanhoe Mining Co. was formed in 1896.

The mine was successful, and in three years returned a profit of £lO,OOO to its owners, before they sold out to the Kulumadau Gold Mining Co., from whom it was taken over in 1914-15 by Broken Hill Block 10.

Mr. Nelsson, meanwhile, had started a store on Woodlark, in company with a partner, Sheddon, and they supplied the needs of the 400 miners who were then on the island. The partners also started a coconut plantation of 5,000 acres, on Kwaipan Bay, and did very well out of it until the disastrous slump in copra in recent years. “Gus” also shared with his friend, Arthur Bunting, a second plantation at Doini, near Samarai, and rounded off his activities with a considerable export of log timber from Woodlark.

He was made a member of the Legislative Council in 1913, and in that capacity was a stout supporter of European interests; and in recognition of his many services he was created Member of Order of British Empire in 1939.

Like his close friend, Arthur Bunting, he was everybody’s friend and nobody’s enemy. The close attachment between the two men was almost romantic in its nature. Both were “old timers”, both were self-made and successful, and both could be counted upon to help,, and help generously, any movement for the public good, or any unfortunate who had struck a run of bad luck. During Bunting’s long illness, “Gus” was his constant and faithful attendant; and, when he himself was taken ill, in July of this year, it was Arthur Bunting’s son who took charge of him and travelled with him to Brisbane, where he was admitted to St. Martin’s hospital.

“Gus” was robust and active in spite of his 74 years, and his strength and general good health had induced him to defy his ailment for too long. There was nothing that medical or surgical science could do for him. and he died in Brisbane on the morning of August 27.

It was several years ago that Nelsson and Bunting decided that they would die and be buried m Papua; ‘ and they selected a spot on Logea, a picturesque island overlooking Samarai for their resting place. Arthur Bunting whose lamented death was recorded in these pages in January last, died in Svdnev: and his ashes already are buried on the chosen spot. Within a few days the ashes of his old friend will lie beside his own.

L. 71 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—S eptember 15, 1939

Year ended June 30. 1937. 1938. 1939. £ £ £ Net profit 100,585 111,372 115,281 Dividend, p.c 9 10 10 Dividend, amount .. .. 60,615 74,000 76,250 To replacement and renewals 17,535 To volcano losses ., . 10,000 To superannuation account 3,000 2,000 2,000 To contingency account 3,000 10,000 10,000 Forward 11,265 36,638 63,669 Depreciation 11.242 8.767 18,512 LIABILITIES— Capital 673,500 740,000 775,000 Premium on share issue 10,374 10,374 10,374 Reserve 200,000 200,000 200,000 Creditors 97,563 89,891 93,685 Due to subsidiaries .. . 6,725 49,400 47,721 Branch remittances — — 10,861 ASSETS— Investments 393,100 497,263 527,686 Property, ships, etc. . . 347,761 373,509 387,349 Plantation advances —- 89,757 96,949 Debtors 159.131 65,089 81,801 Due by subsidiaries 9,825 14,641 30,176 Stock 101,612 125,941 104.434 Cash 47,348 3,899 12,326 Unexplred charges .. . . 7,861 5,201 11,340

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CARPENTERS Analysis of Annual Report THE annual report of Messrs. W. R.

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A new subsidiary, W. R. Carpenter and Co. (London). Ltd., was formed, and the paid-up capital of £lO,OOO was subscribed by the present company.

"Dithering" Is

BLAMED Murders in New Guinea Letter to the Editor ONE gathers, on reading the published report of the recent murder of Patrol Officer Elliott and two native constables, in the Wewak district, that the Administration are at a loss to account for the outrage.

They should not be. Something of the sort has been inevitable for some time; and more certainly will follow if the present weak-kneed policy of pandering to native insolence and violence is not changed and some semblance of discipline and efficiency introduced.

The Elliott tragedy is undoubtedly the direct outcome of the murder of Charles Gough; and the way that affair was handled. Gouoh was killed some three years ago at Lahingi, within a few miles of Wanali (where Elliott was murdered) whilst endeavouring to apprehend a runaway recruit. He had camped the nieht before with a Patrol Officer, complete with police escort.

Within an hour or so of the attack on Gough, some of Gough’s bovs overtook this individual and reported the affair. Instead of immediately returning and investigating, the Patrol Officer made all haste in the other direction, to the coast and Headquarters, and it was not until nearly three weeks later that a large party arrived at the scene of the at + ack—to find poor Gough’s body where it had been thrown out amongst the village refuse.

Until that time there was no evidence, apart from the statement of some panicstricken natives that he had been killed immediately. He . might have been wounded and barricaded in some native house, defending himself and waiting for the succour that never came.

I cannot state precisely what punishment was me f ed out to the natives implicated. But none were executed, and I don’t think any heavy sentences were imposed. I do know that the prevailing official opinion was that Gough deserved to be killed, as his Patrol Officer “friend” had advised him not to go to the village.

Contrast the above with the speed with which a large force proceeded to deal with Elliot’s murder. It will also be very interesting to see how the culprits are dealt with.

Recruiters are anathema to the District Officer here. But he cannot expect natives to draw distinctions between recruiters and officials. A white man is a white man to them, and if they can kill one, with impunity, why not the lot? And. if things go on as they are, that is the conclusion the natives will eventually arrive at.

The writer could quote many instances of insubordination end violence by natives, which have been reported to different officials, and either ignored, or the offenders have escaped punishment through technicalities which some officials seem to delight in. Then they stand aghast when one more unfortunate (particularly when he is an official) is added to the already long list of those “murdered by natives”.

With a just but firm native policy this country would be safer than Sydney. The way we are heading now we will all be lucky if we are not wiped out some day.

I am etc., A. CHIEL.

Wewak, N.G. 18/8/1939. 72 September 15, 19 3 9—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Salamaua-Wau

ROAD T'HE plan to build a road from Salamaua to Wau, having survived attacks on grounds of politics, finance and engineering, seems now likely to be held up, owing to the war.

The position, at the middle of August, was that the road engineers had found it impossible to obtain a practicable route through the Bitoi valley—which represents the shortest track between Salamaua and Wau. There was a stretch of several miles through the Bitoi gorge on the top of the ranges through which they considered it impossible to put a good road. A rough examination was then made of the country somewhat south of the Bitoi route, and it was announced, about August 20, that the road engineers considered that a route thereabouts was practicable—namely, it would follow the same track up from Salamaua and into the Bitoi gorge, but it left the Bitoi halfway up the mountain and bent away to the southwards, using another series of valleys, and by this means it got over the top of the range at a height of about 6,400 feet. It is estimated that there are two or three miles which would be above the 6,000 feet level.

This route, it was emphasised, was subject to survey by the road engineers, but at that time it appeared practicable. It added about five miles on to the estimated Bitoi route (making a total of about 53 miles from Salamaua to Wau) and it would cut out the Black Cat district altogether—a fact that was regretted, as there is valuable gold in the valleys around the Black Cat area.

Late in August the New Guinea Mining Association members were congratulating themselves that at last a practicable route had been found and finance provided (new subscriptions had been notified, bringing the total sum subscribed to the road loan up to £155,000) and it was then anticipated that preliminaries soon would be over, and tenders called for the rest of the work.

Since then, however, wartime conditions have supervened and it is considered improbable that the road work will be proceeded with during the period of the war.

M.L.C. Seeks Information IN August, Mr. W. E. Grose, member of the New Guinea Legislative Council, gave notice that at the September meeting of the Council he would move: That a Select Committee be appointed to inquire into and report upon all aspects of the proposal to construct a road connecting the Morobe goldfields with the coast and in particular to inquire into and report upon:— (a) 1. The most practicable and serviceable route which the proposed road should follow, having particular regard for the interests to be served now and in the future by such a road. 2. Whether a road can be constructed along such a route for a sum approximating that authorised to be raised by Ordinance No. 44 of 1938 and, if not, what the additional amount required would be. 3. The estimated cost of maintaining a road along such route. 4. Whether the anticipated revenue to be earned from such a road would approximate the cost of maintenance, plus interest and redemption charges; and, if not, what the annual deficit would amount to. (b) 1. Whether a road along the route approved by the Commonwealth Government can be constructed for a sum approximating that authorised to be raised by Ordinance No. 44 of 1938. And, if not, what is the estimated cost of construction along that route. 2. Whether the anticipated revenue, to be earned from a road along this route, would approximate the cost of maintenance, plus interest and redemption charges; and, if not, what the annual deficit would be. 3. The estimated cost of maintaining a road along this route.

And that such Committee consist of 73 Pacific Islands Monthly—September 15, 1939

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Taylor, R. L. Clark, J. C. Mullaly and the mover. That such Committee have leave to send for persons, papers and records and to move from place to place. That the Committee report to the Council on the first day of the next meeting of the Council.

Motion Defeated

The motion was moved on September 4 by Mr. Grose, and seconded by Mr.

R. L. Clark.

Mr. N. P. H. Neale opposed it.

Mr. C. R. Field, Mr. H. H. Page, Mr. G.

G. Hogan and Mr. B. B. Perriman said that the motion was too late. An inquiry at an earlier stage might have been helpful; but, now, it would mean only delay.

Mr. Field emphasised the engineering difficulties still to be overcome; and Mr.

Page said the Administration still was seeking a practicable way over “the shortest route”.

The motion was defeated.

Professor Arnold Heim, of the University of Zurich, who was seeking permission to make an excursion into the New Guinea interior to study the primitive people of the newly-opened valleys, arrived in Papua bv the Aueust “Maetsuycker” from Java. After visiting Rigo, he left Port Moresby for Rabaul, N.G., by the August “Macdhui”.

Mr. H. R. Surridge. Agricultural Officer in the Fiji Government Service, returned to Suva after spending furlough abroad by the “Remuera” in mid-August.

Shipping Services In The Pacific

(fTVHE shipping timetables which, presented in these pages, have been a feature Xof the “Pacific Islands Monthly” for nearly 10 years, may not, for obvious reasons, be published while Britain and France are at war. We regret the inconvenience to Islands residents; but war-time regulations must be complied with Publication of the timetables will be resumed as soon as it is possible and practicable.)

Sydney-Papua-New Guinea

The motor-ships “Bulolo” and “Macdhui”, owned and operated by Burns, Philp and Co.

Ltd., 7 Bridge St., Sydney, maintain a regular service.

Papua Inter-Island Services

The M.V. “Nusa” and S.S. “Papuan Chief” (Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., Port Moresby, Papua) e and the M.V. “Lakatoi” (Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd.) carry on coastal and inter-island services.

New Guinea Inter-Island

SERVICES The S.S. “Maiwara" and M.V. “Muliama” (Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd) and the S.S. “Coombar”, M.V. “Desikoko”, M.V. “Duranbah”, and S.S. “Mako” (W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., 19 O’Connell St., Sydney) maintain inter-island services in the Mandated Territory,

Sydney-N.G.-Hong Kong

The M.V. “Neptuna”, owned and operated by Burns, Philp and Co., carries on a service.

Sydney-T.1.-Darwin-Singapore

The vessels “Marella” and “Merkur”, owned and operated by Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., carry on a regular service.

SAIGON-JAVA-SOUTH SEAS-N.Z.- SYDNEY The vessels “Maetsuycker” and “Tasman”, owned and operated by the Royal Packet Navigation Co. Ltd., 255 George St., Sydney, maintain a regular service.

Sydney-Rabaul-Hong Kong

The vessels “Nellore”, “Tanda”, and “Nankin”, owned and operated by the E. and A.

Steamship Co. Ltd., 37 Pitt St., Sydney, carry on a regular service.

Sydney-Solomon Islands-New

GUINEA The M.V. “Malaita”, owned and operated by Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., maintains a regular service.

Solomon Islands Inter-Island

SERVICE The A.S. “Mamutu” (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.) operates among the islands of the Group, on a regular schedule.

Sydney-Norfolk Island-New

HEBRIDES The S.S. “Morinda”. owned and operated by Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., carries on a regular service.

New Hebrides Inter-Island

SERVICES The S.S. “Mirani” (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.) and M.V. “Polynesien” (Messageries Maritimes Co., 36 Grosvenor St., Sydney) carry on services among the islands of the Group.

SYDNEY-NOUMEA-NEW HEBRIDES - INDOCHINA The vessel ‘‘Pierre Loti”, owned and operated by Messageries Maritimes Co., maintains a service.

Noumea-Australia

The S.S. ‘‘Neo Hebridais” (Societe Maritime et Miniere Hagen, Noumea, New Caledonia) and the ‘‘Cap Tarifa”, “Capitaine Illiaquer”, and 74 September 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

The Yorkshire Insurance Coy. Ltd.

ESTABLISHED IN YORK 1824 Agents and Attorneys throughout the Pacific Islands SUVA Williams & Gosling Ltd.

SALAMAUA A. Innes KAVIENG F. V. Saunders PAPUA Port Moresby E. A. James Samarai P. J. Wood NEW GUINEA BRANCH : Parle St., RABAUL Fire Accident Marine Total Assets Exceed £16.500,000 J. D. HAIG, Manager Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd.

SYDNEY Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . . PILES . . . POLES . . . SLEEPERS. Etc.

EXPORTING TO PACiRC ISLANDS SINCE 1893 Cables: Tuxedo, Sydney II USE

For Reliability

And Long Service

Manufactured by: Suva Agents: Sydney Agents:

Miller'S "Anchor"

Brand Ropes And

CORDAGES.

Manila, Sisal, New Zealand Coir and Cotton Rope of every description.

Twine. Sewing Twine, Shop Twine, Binder Twine and Fishlines, Lashings, Halters, Plough Reins, Sack Cord, Blind Lines, etc.

Length Strength

Quality Guaranteed

• JAMES MILLER & Co. Pty. Ltd.

MELBOURNE. VIC., AUST.

A. S. FAREBROTHER & CO.

And at Lautolta, P.O. Box 36. Tel. 261 P. T. TAYLOR LTD, Huon Pine Boat Planks Practically Borer Proof and Everlasting, also Spotted Sum Timbers—Prices Right.

As-* r 1 10 Miller St., • rryer p yrmon t t n.s.w.

“Notou” (Societe Le Nickel, Noumea, New Caledonia), carry on services,

New Caledonia Inter-Island

SERVICES The M.V. “La Phoque” (Societe des lies Loyalty, Noumea, New Caledonia) maintains connection with the coastal ports of New Caledonia and with the islands of the Loyalty Group.

Gilbert And Ellice Inter-Island

SERVICES The M.V. “Moamoa” (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.) and M.V. “John Bolton” (W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd.) connect with all islands in the Group.

Sydney-N.Z.-Fiji-Samoa-Havvaii

The liners “Mariposa” and “Monterey”, owned and operated by the Matson Navigation Co., 12 Bridge St., Sydney, maintain a service.

SYDNEY-N.Z.-FI JI-HAW 111 The liners “Aorangi” and “Niagara”, owned and operated by the Union Steam Ship Co. of N.Z. Ltd., 247 George St., Sydney, maintain a service.

Fiji Inter-Island Services

The M.V. “Matafele” and M.V. “Yanawai” (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.) and the M.V. “Tui Cakau”, M.S. “Adi Rewa”, and M.S.

“Tui Kauvaro” (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd., Suva, Fiji) carry on services among the islands of the Group.

Central Pacific Services

The M.V. “Matua”, owned and operated by the Union Steam Ship Co. of N.Z., Ltd., maintains a service between New Zealand, Cook Is., Tonga, Samoa, and Fiji. The Co. also runs a cargo service from Sydney to Nth. America, via Fiji and Tahiti.

New Zealand-Samoa-Niue

The M.V. “Maui Pomare”, owned and operated by the New Zealand Government, maintains a service. Apply for details to the Department of External Affairs, Wellington, N.Z.

Australia-Nauru-Ocean Island

Vessels are despatched fairly regularly from Australia and from New Zealand to Nauru and Ocean Island by the British Phosphate Commission, Henty House, Little Collins St., Melbourne.

Sydney-Noumea-Tahjti

A service between Sydney and Tahiti is maintained by Messageries Maritimes Co., passengers connecting with the M.M. liners “Eridan”, “Sagittaire”, “Villa d’Amiens”, and “Commissaire Ramel” at Noumea (New Caledonia) per the “Pierre Loti” from Sydney (see Sydney-Noumea- New Hebrides service). The big M.M. liners carry on a service between France and New Caledonia.

French Oceania Inter-Island

SERVICE The small vessel “Hiro” maintains a service between Tahiti and the Leeward Group.

Samoan Inter-Island Services

The Apia customs launch connects regularly with the Matson liners “Monterey” and “Mariposa” at Pago Pago (American Samoa); and the small vessel “Tutuila” makes regular trips between the two Territories, operating Jrom Pago Pago.

AUSTRALIA-CENTRAL PACIFIC- MEXICO The M.V. “Tulagi”, owned and operated by Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., makes voyages from Australia to Mexico, via Fiji, Tonga, and other Central Pacific ports.

Europe.Suva-N.Z.-Sydney-New

GUINEA The M.V. “Rabaul”, M.V. “Salamaua”, and S.S.

“Suva”, owned and operated by W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., carry on services between Europe and Australia, via South Sea Islands.

U.S.A.-South Seas

A service between the Pacific coast of America and the main South Sea Islands is maintained by an American firm, using the motorships “Thor I.” and “Velox”. Timetables can be obtained from the Australasian agents, Birt and Co. Ltd.. 4 Bridge St., Sydney, or any of their branch offices.

Japan-N.G.-Noumea-New Zealand

The M.V. “Canberra Maru’’, M.V. “Sydney Maru”, and M.V. “Tokyo Maru’’ (Osaka Shosen Kaisha Line, Osaka, Japan) and the S.S. “Naniwa Maru” and S.S. “Muko Maru” (Yamashita Kisen Kaisha Line, Osaka, Japan) maintain regular services from Jhpan to New Zealand and Australia, via Pacific Islands ports. Timetable particulars are available on personal application to the Australasian agents, Birt and Co. Ltd., 4 Bridge St., Sydney, or any of their branch offices and agents.

Sydney-Papua-N.G. Air Service

Regular air mail services between Australia and Papua and New Guinea are maintained by W.R.C. Airlines Ltd., 19 O’Connell St., Sydney, with De Havilland airliners. Timetable details can be obtained from any branch of the firm.

N.G. Goldfields Air Services

Aeroplane services between Salamaua and Lae (the N.G. mainland ports) and Wau and other centres on the Morobe Goldfield are conducted by Guinea Airways Ltd., Mandated Airlines Ltd., and other aerial transport companies. The aerial services are the only means of communication.

Wau-Port Moresby Air Service

Aeroplane services between the New Guinea goldfields (Morobe, etc.) and Port Moresby, Papua. are maintained by Guinea Airways Ltd., of Lae, and Mandated Airlines Ltd., of Salamaua. Schedule details available on personal application to any branch of the firms, from the pursers of the Burns, Philp mail steamers, or branches of W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd. 75 Pacific Islands Monthl y—B eptember 15, 1939

The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

Next Club Gathering, Monday. Oct. 2, 8 p.m.. Hotel Carlton, Sydney.

Address for Correspondence: THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB.

Box 2434 MM.. G.P.0.. Sydney.

Sydney'S Leading

SAILMAKER

And Rigger

Also Manufacturer of all Canvas and Rope Work ISLANDS WORK a Speciality

Harry West

Balmain East, SYDNEY Tal. W 1105 COSMOPOLITAN SAMARAI.

HOTEL

First-Class

ACCOMMODATION For Tourists & Commercials Electric Light, Ballroom Billiards Freezing Works, Cold Store.

Best Brands of Liquors MODERATE TARIFF.

Fishing Trips and Launch Excursions Arranged.

Where To Stay In Port Moresby

Hotel Moresby

V m NEAR THE WHARF MODERN ACCOMMODATION

Only The Best

BRANDS OP

Wines, Spirits

AND BEERS IN STOCK.

LICENSEE: Hotel Moresby Ltd.

The PAPUA HOTEL Catering specially for Tourists and Travellers. * Licensee: Papua First-class Accommodation.

Situated on high ground coasts, its Spacious Lounges are always Cool and comfortable . . . Cars meet all Steamers.

Hotel, Ltd.

Parties Arranged, overlooking both PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs.

Richardson, Haling.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs. Preston, Bald. Smith. Mrs. Jones.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA; Messrs.

Kingsford-Smith. Royal.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs. Edw r ards, Haling, Birnie, Janke, Corbett, Wright, Butcher, Parnell. Collins, Shoppee.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs.

Pauley, Shepherd, Modden, Herron. Campbell.

PER AIRLINER PROM N.G. & PAPUA; Messrs. Burke, Corlett, Whittle, Moore. Miss Smith.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs.

Townsend, Wilde, Captain Bye. Mrs. Laws.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. & PAPUA; Messrs. Pratt, Herron, Upton, Thompson. Meek, Kaye. Miss Forster.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA: Mr.

Hinks. Mesdames Hamilton, Jenyns.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs. Preece, Shepherd, Burns. Hodder, Kingsford-Smith.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs.

Parkes, Bond, Zofiman, Jensen, Jordan, Colonel Walstab. Mesdames Mitchell, Hamilton.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. & PAPUA; Messrs. Shea, Pincombe, Skelly. Good. Rev.

Father Breen. Mesdames Schubach, Evans, Standen, Stark. Bliss and infant. Miss Mullins.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. & PAPUA: Messrs.

Kaye (2), Heading, Smith, Birnie.

Per "Morinda” For Lord Howe &

NORFOLK IS.: Messrs. Dalziel, Hannay, Woods, Legge, Utick, Roberts, Cowie, Wunder, Harkness, Bardsley, Bailey, Berry, Gibbons (2), Christian, Allsop. Mesdames Horniman. Utick.

Harkness, Christian, Allsop, Cowie. Misses Ahlston, Russell, Holdworth, Bosh, Hart. Graham, Cook, Clapham, Green. Smith, Ison, Driver, Farmer, Meade, Harding.

Per “Morinda" From Lord Howe &

NORFOLK IS.: Messrs. Wills, Sabine, Bardsley, Berry, Hanney, Jones, Lucas, Martin. Nelson, Utick, Wunder. Mesdames Cunningham, Panse, Martin, Utick, Webster. Misses Ison, Smith, Menzies, Bamford, Bush, Clapham, Cooke, Graham, Hart, Hines.

PER “MALAITA’’ FROM 8.5.1. & N.G. PORTS: Messrs. Bone, Brind, Davis, Fleming. French, Gage, Gierisch, Gorman, Green, Helm, Hollins, Hutchins, Lauchlan, Lierstein, Long, Mapletoft, Murphy, Murnin, Paul, Potter, Rowley, Waterhouse, Young, Keith. Mesdames Bernhardt, Bone, French, Gierisch, Hyne, Jenkins, Johnson, Mapletoft, Murphy, Stock, Waterhouse. Misses Cohen, Fey, Lawrence, Moore, Morris, Saltmarsh, Smith, Taylor, Templer, Wilding.

Hon. C. J. J, T. Barton, Colonial Secretary of Fiji, left Suva with his family by the August “Aorangi” to spend leave in England. His place is being filled during his absence by Mr. J. Craig, Financial Secretary and Colonial Treasurer.

Shipbuilding in Australia Sir Walter Carpenter is Critical SIR WALTER CARPENTER, at the annual meeting of his firm on August 25, said some pointed things about the failure of the Australian Government to assist the local shipping industry. It appears that the firm offered to build a 10,000 tons vessel in Australia if the Government were prepared to absorb the difference in cost between building in Australia and building in England. But the Government would not bite.

Said Sir Walter: “The shipping venture of this company has been in existence for six years and during that period we have not received one pound of Government cargo from England although the Government has been importing very large quantities.

“The shipping industry is looked upon as the most important any country can possess, but such does not seem to be the opinion of Australian statesmen, as this Autralian industry has been systematically ignored. All other industries, however small, are protected up to the hill. To give an instance, a wireless set casting £2 10/- in America has a protection of £B/15/- duty. The Government is interested in this industry.”

N. Guinea Air Transport

New Enterprises Reported IT was reported in Wau, New Guinea, in August, that two new enterprises shortly would enter the Goldfields air transport business.

Mr. Ray Parer, who has secured some local backing, had a couple of aeroplanes in a new depot near the lower end of the Wau aerodrome, and was expected to engage in freighting at any time; and, at the same time, an energetic Brisbane woman, Mrs. Ellie Jones, who is the proprietor of a Brisbane aeroplane charter business, operating three aeroplanes and a small ground organisation, was in Wau making some preparations to transfer the whole of her establishment from Brisbane to Morobe, with a view to entering the freighting and passenger carrying business.

It was not then expected by the larger companies that the arrival of the newcomers would mean a price-cutting war; but at the same time all necessary precautions were being taken.

Mr. Parer had already started operations at the end of August, but the outbreak of war may have caused Mrs. Jones to revise her plans. 76 September 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Pacific Travellers

(Continued From Page 1)

Published by Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney. (Telephone: BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed In Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co., Pty., Ltd., 29 Alberta St., Sydney. (Telephone: MA 7101).

CIVILISATION JndqlM "Mb

Mountain Fastnesses

f m

Guinea Airways

Freight and Passenger Service

New Guinea

Guinea Airways planes depart from Port Moresby for the Goldfields after the arrival of each boat. Tickets are obtainable from the Purser or Burns. Philp & Co. Ltd., Sydney or Brisbane.

AUSTRALIA ADELAIDE to DARWIN, Three times weekly.

ADELAIDE to KANGAROO IS- LAND, daily return service.

ADELAIDE to PT. LINCOLN.

Three times weekly, calling at Cowell and Cleve.

Guinea Airways Linked

With Exploitation Of

New Guineas Gold!

There is no rood from the coast to the Morobe Goldfields and the development of this rich area has only been made possible by aerial transport.

The air way has been the only means of transport since 1927. Guinea Airways maintain a fast regular service and have "freighted-in", without difficulty or delay, Crushing Mills, Dredges, Cyaniding Plants, Motor Vehicles, all types of machinery, thousands of passengers and all needs of the large European Community now in this section of the Mandated Territory.

Guinea Airways use 50 Aerodromes and landing grounds in New Guinea and Papua. » L/M/ T / D

Lae - Salamaua

Head Office: Austral Chambers, Currie Street, Adelaide, S.A.

New Guinea Office: Lae, Mandated Territory of New Guinea BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU— SALAMAUA—PORT MORESBY AND SYDNEY.

September 15, 193 9—p acific Islands Monthly

ft.

SCH cH-i. pll* ( 9 \l s 4: 'tt v\ s C 0 1 0 "i'o’ : ',*s %% w v:s we £ 4 %) W- >w** * / 2S C 9 Cf, m ** 91* m S? iw y^/. |a u* : r* f/

Welcome Cargo

"Lower away”— and what a welcome cargo u is! o Reseh’s Piisener—in the famous long bottle—the drink which eases the white man's burden!

Call for a bottle to-night and relish its malt and bop flavour.

RESCH’S

Long Bottle

PILSENER in'." c*o 11 3