PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly Voi. IX. No. 10.

May 16, 1989 [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] 8“ A photograph of the fire, which destroyed 4,000 tons of copra, and the wharf sheds, on Papeete waterfront, Tahiti, on March 22.

itC Uhe airway—the ultimate in travel”

Regular Passenger and Freight Service between ■ w fit mmm 1 »■

Australia Papua

BY

The W. R. Carpenter Luxurious

New Guinea

AIRLINERS FOR PASSENGERS: FOR FREIGHT: COMFORT SPEED ENJOYMENT Full information regarding Time Schedules, Fares, Freight Rates etc., is obtainable from the undermentioned W.R.C. agents who will be pleased also to suggest itineraries to those contemplating a flying business or holiday visit to the Islands.

Quick Delivery

Earlier Remittances

LOW RATES SYDNEY: Macdonald, Hamilton Sr Co.

Howard Smith Ltd.

PAPUA: Burns Philp Cr Co. Ltd.

NEW GUINEA: W. R. Carpenter £r Co. Ltd.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD-

Maximum Protection

Minimum Rates

By the All-Australian Company

Southern Pacific

INSURANCE CO. LTD.

Largest Australian non-tariff company in operation.

Head Office: 19-21 O’Connell St., Sydney.

Agencies throughout the Territory.

W. R. C. Shipping Line

The first Direct and Regular Cargo and Passenger Service between Europe and Pacific Islands ports was established bv W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

One Modern Steamer (S.S. Suva, 9,000 tons) and two Modern Motor Vessels (M.V. Rabaul, 9,000 tons, and MV.

Salamaua, 9,000 tons) are now carrying on a Regular Freight and Passenger Service between European and Pacific Islands Ports, calling at Apia. Suva, and Rabaul, and other Ports as required.

Comfortable accommodation for a limited number of saloon passengers, at special rates; early application for berths is recommended.

Details of Freight Rates, Passenger Fares, Time Tables, etc., supplied on application at any of our Branches.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd.

Merchants and Shipowners.

AGENTS for Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise Complete Range of all Stocks Carried.

Head Office: 19-21 O’CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain). KAVIENG (New Ireland), MADANG, SALAMAUA, WAU, BUT (New Guinea), TULAGI (Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands; and in LONDON.

Buyers and Shippers of: Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce.

Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

THE K PM SOUTH PACIFIC LINE

Sour A Raya

i u'v U Links the East with the South Pacific Islands, New Zealand & Australia K.P.M.

South Pacific Line

Royal Packet Navigation Co.

Ltd., Paketvaart House, 255 George Street, Sydney. fN. V. Koninklijke Paketvaart MaatschappiJ—lncorporated in the Netherlands).

The track routes of the K.P.M.-South Pacific Line new motor vessel "Maetsuycker" and the well-known passenger steamer "Tasman" are each as follows: "MAET- SUYCKER": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Samarai, Salamaua, Rabaul, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon. "TASMAN": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Port Vila, Noumea, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon.

Saigon, Diethelm & Co.: Port Moresby and Saniaral, Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.: Rabaul and Salamaua. W. R.

Carpenter & Co. Ltd.: Port Vila. Gubbay F»eres; Noumea, Carlo Leoni: Auckland, Russell & Somers Ltd.: Wellington, Johnston & Co. Ltd.

Pacific Islands Travellers

Per “Tanda” For Rabaul, N.G, On April

15; Messrs. Cunningham, Andrew, Pratt (2), McGiTvery, Webb, Bates, Newman, Ellis, Moore, Anderson, Dunn, Cooper. Mesdames McGilvery, Bates, Pratt, McKenzie, Moore. Misses Bennett, Webb.

PER “BULOLO” FROM PAPUA AND N.G.

ON APRIL 17; Messrs. Ahern, Allen, Atkinson, Aumuller, Axsentieff, Aylward, Bolte, Bardin, Barnes, Barrie, Bayer, Beatty, Benham, Bickham, Biddle, Booker, Booth. Brabham, Brown, Buckow, Burnett, Burns, Clark, Corlass, Davis (2), Christie, Clinton, Doig, Dudley, Edgar, Einsiedel, Ekberg, Ellis, Everett, Ford, Glass*, Gough, Goodwin, Halford, Jackson, Inman, Luff, James, Jones, Kavanagh, Kenward, Lambden, Lazarus, Lefungey, Marshall, Menefee, Monck, McLaren, Orr, Palmer, Parer, Phipps, Robbins, Robins, Ritcher, Schafhausen, Searle, Simcock, Smith (2), Sowerby, Spellacy, Stevenson (2), Strong, Stuart-Russell, Swinfield, Tait, Topal, Townshend, Turner, Delbridge, Keegan. Mesdames Ahern, Aylward, Birtle, Brown, Feldt, Gough, Chambers, Edgar, Chapman, Farrar, Henry, Hope, Jones, Kavanagh, Kloosterboer, Kunson, Luff, Lauder, Laws, Malcolm, O’Brien, Jackson, Orr, Phipps, Richardson, Radke, Robbins, Robinson. Searle, Spence, Surink, Swinfield, Thomas, Turbayne, Veitch, Wilde, Walton. Misses Amourous, Anderson, Boag, Blackman, Coltheart, Creed, Cooper, Douglass, Ekberg, Laird, Lahey, Luttrell, Mann, Morrow, O’Keefe, Pickering, Radcliffe, Row Stewart (2), Turbayne, Voysey (2).

Per “Nankin” From Rabaul, N.G., On

APRIL 20; Messrs. Hyland, Melrose, Lakey.

Mesdames Hyland, Melrose, Collett, Lakey, Naulty, Ollerenshaw, Sluys.

PER “MORINDA” FROM LORD HOWE IS., NORFOLK IS. & N. HEBRIDES ON APRIL 21; Messrs. Beckley, Brady, Coghlan, Collins, Cooper, Cummins, Davies, Dunn, Enright, Frazer, Glossop, Hardcastle, Henderson, Hodgson, Holder, Hogan, Keysall, Kirby, Harper (2), Kitching, Lewers, Littlejohn, Linton, McGrath, McLean, McNamara, Meyer, Milne, Moran, Rae, Roberts, Roxborough, Skeoh, Taylor, Watkins, Wright, Maidment, Fleming; Rev. Williams, Rev. Weiss. Mesdames Coghlan, Comire, Cooper, Couch (2), Cleary, Daley, Hodgson, Lewers, Linton, Mclntyre, McMaster, Mc- Leod, Milne, Mudear, Sinfield, Taylor, Sanders, Maidment. Misses Boydn, Barr (2), Cameron, Dickson, Dent, Farrell, Green, Halstead, Knight, Matheson, McCudden, Milton, Morehead, Riglin, Stephens, Taylor, Wilkinson.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. ON APRIL 21: Messrs. Fitzroy, Carnazzola, Greenwood, Leonard, Murray, Beharell.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. ON APRIL 25: Messrs. Rathbone, Rabone, Gray, Liebensperber.

Mesdames Fraser, Wales.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. ON APRIL 28: Messrs. Walsh, Bayliss, Patterson, Howett, ZofEman, Rathbone, Kane.

Per “Bulolo” For Papua & N.G. On

APRIL 29: Messrs. Bardsley, Barker, Barnett, Black (2), Bottomer, Coutts, Cadoux, Crichton- Brown, Christie, Dwyer, Duncan, Furlong, Faulks, Hodgson, Gillingwater, Garth, Hodgson, Hawking, Hope, Hilaire, Hart, Innes, Jackson, Kirton, Keogh, Kelsey, Kerr, Lowe, Loudon (2), Moyan, Miller (2), Nixon, Newall, O’Connell, Plummer, Patmore, Pratt, Ryall, Slaviero, Stanwiz, Sanson, Saunders, Storey, Sicard, Sands, South, Shields, Simpson, Thompson, Thurston, Vivien, Waterhouse, Wolfcarius, Watkins, Weston, Wilson, Webb (2), Joycey, Shand, Savage, Broodbank, Nixon, Steeples (2), Gabriel, Yates, Atherton, Shay, Thomas, Campbell, Pacy, Harlow. Leslie. Terrv. Cohalane: Sir H.

Murray. Mesdames Bayliss, Barker, Christie, Furlong, Fay, Fergusson, Fraser, Hides, Johnston, Jackson, Keogh, Kelsey, Lett, Legge, Loudon, Leetch, Lock, Miller, McLaughlin, Osborne, Porter, Pearson, Pratt, Storey, Thurston, Tudor, Watkins, Mackenzie, Campbell, Harlow, Thomas (2), Taylor, Yates, Atherton, Moody, Bourke. Misses Booker, Cooper, Colebrook, De Latour, Feltham, Frost, Gale, Hart, Loudon, McCabe, McLuggage, Osborne, Pilcher, Rayward, Stibbard, Todd, Tyson, Williamson, McCorkell, Harper, Edwards, Green, Bowman, Taylor, Steeples, Lang; Sister Clavereau, Sister Durey.

PER AIRLINER TO N.G. ON MAY 2:

(Continued On Page 80)

1 Pacific Islands Monthly—May 16, 1939

BURNS. PHILP & CO. LTD.

GENERAL MERCHANTS ill II 1111 11l III) HI || jjT^rr 3^ in hi H \ mm SHIPOWNERS

Tourist Agents

Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney—Australia Code Address: "Burphil"

Buyers Of All Classes Of Island Produce

Regular Steamer Services from Australia to New Guinea Papua Solomon Is. —Lord Howe Is. —Norfolk Is. —New Hebrides —Java and Singapore ADVERTISERS Amalgamated Wireless Aust. Ltd. . 54 Amplion (Asia) Ltd 22 Angus & Coote Ltd 24 Arnott’s Biscuits . 63 “Aspro” .... 52 Atkins Ltd., W. . 48 “Ausolene” .... 51 Baker, Ltd., Jno. 74 B.A.L.M. Ltd. . . 49 Bank of N.S.W. . 78 “Bendy” Guest House .... 80 Berger’s Paints . 44 “Bidomak” ... 19 Blau (Aust.) Robt. 64 Breckwoldt & Co. . 50 Broomfields Ltd. . 72 Brotherton, A. B. . 55 Brown & Co., Geo. 10 Brunton’s Flour . 41 Bullivants, Ltd. . . 46 Burns Philp & Co. 2 B.P. Magazine . . 62 B.P. (S.S.) Co. . . 34 Burns, Philp Trust Co. Ltd 47 Buzacott Ltd. . . 43 Carlton & United Breweries Ltd. . 29 Carpenter, W. R.

Ltd cov. 2 Chapman & Sherack 74 Chemist H. P.

Michael ... 51 Chivers & Sons Ltd 39 “Cinnamolia” Preparations ... 60 Coleman Lamp Co. 26 Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. . 73 Continental Compensations Pty.

Ltd 47, 69 Coral Starch 36 Cosmopolitan Hotel 80 Crossle, Duff & Macintosh Ltd. . 68 “Cystex” .... 53 Danks & Son Ltd 49 Dewar’s Whisky . 72 Doan’s Pills ... 59 Donaghy & Sons Ltd 69 Donald Ltd., A. B. 56 Eades Drive Yourself Service , . 16 Eades Parts Co. . 15 Eaton Ltd., J. W. 45 Electrolux Refrigerators . . 28 Eno’s Fruit Salt . 63 Excelsior Supply Co 71 Fairbanks - Morse Ltd 75 “Fairholm” College 64 Fletcher & Sons . 42 Ford Sherington Ltd 55 Foster Clark Ltd. . 35 Fryer, A. C. . . 77 Garden Vale Products Ltd. ... 36 Garrett & Davidson 68 Gillespie’s Flour . 37 Gourock Rope Co. . 79 Grace Bros. Ltd. . 65 Grand Pacific Hotel 57 Grove & Son, W. H. 59 Guinea Airways Ltd cov. 3 Guinness Stout . . 32 Halvorsen Sons Ltd 7?

Harcourt, Brace & Co 14 Hardy’s Indigestion Remedy .... 16 Holbrook’s Ltd. . . 41 Holmes & Co., W. 79 Horne, W. & Co. 56 Horlick’s Malted Milk 25 Hotel Moresby . . 80 1.C.1.A.N.Z. Ltd. . 30 Intercontinental Airways .13 Jones & Co. Ltd., H. 37 “Kambala” School for Girls .... 66 King’s School, The 67 Kodak Pty. Ltd. . 12 “Kolynos” Toothpaste 27 Kopsen & Co. Ltd. 61 Kork-N-Seal Ltd. 39 Koyong Boarding School .... 65 Levenson’s Radio . 70 Lloyd & Co. Ltd. 11 Macdonald Hamilton & Co 15 Mcllrath’s Ltd. . 21 Maxwell Porter Ltd 45 Miller & Co. Pty.

Ltd 46 Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd 58 N.D.L. CO. Ltd. . 78 Nelson & Robertson Ltd 69 Nestles Milk ... 40 Newlands Bros. Ltd 60 Noyes Bros. Ltd. . 76 Pabst Canned Beer 21 Pacific Is. Club . 10 Papua Hotel, The 80 Paul & Grey Ltd 23 Philips’ Lamps (A/sia) Ltd. . . 31 Pike Bros Ltd. . . 14 Prescott Ltd. . . 38 Prouds Ltd. ... 11 Public Notice ... 16 Ransome, Sims & Jeffries, Ltd. . .58 Reed, William E. . 73 Riverstone Meat Co. 20 Rohu, Sil . . . 30 Royal Packet Co. . . 1 Schwabach, A.F.W. 72 Scott’s Emulsion . 14 Scott, Ltd., J. . . 76 Smyth, Ltd., J. H. 32 Springwood L. Col. 9 Steamships Trading Co. Ltd 42 Sterling Varnish Co 9 Sullivan Ltd., C. . 37 Swallow & Ariell . 38 “Talkeries”, The . 24 Taylor & Co., A. . 68 “Tenax” Soap . . 52 Tillock & Co. Ltd. 34 Toohey’s Ltd. ... 17 “Top Dog’’ Men’s Wear 33 Tooth & Co. . cov. 4 Trinity Grammar School .... 24 United Radio Distributors Ltd. . 71 Vincent’s . A.P.C. . 59 Warburton Franki Ltd 18 West, Harry ... 46 Weymark & Son . 39 Wholesale Typewriter Co. ... 13 Wills, W. D. & H. 0., Ltd. ... 33 Woods Peppermint Cure 62 Wright & Co. Ltd., E 45 Wunderlich Ltd. . 45 Yorkshire Insurance Co. Ltd. ... 67 Contents Amalgamation Committee for N.G. 4 Death of George Arnold 4 Japanese Spies in Hawaii 5 Possible Duplication of N.G. Air-Mail 5 New Hotel, Pt. Moresby 6 Tongan Steals £1,200 7 Pacific Crossed in Outrigger .... 8 Imperial Airways Plans for Pacific Service 13 New Minister for Territories .. .. 14 Samoan Dental Clinic 15 Discoveries of Phosphate 17 Solomon Is. Gold Boom 21 “Ideal Colony” Project 23 New Guinea Residents Demand Defence 24 Copra Market in Europe 25 Sport on New Guinea Goldfield .. 26 Sir Harry Luke to Visit Western Pacific 27 Oil Search in New Guinea 29 Last of Grube Family 30 Bishop Vesters Retires 32 Tongans—“Civilisation and Progress” 33 Mosquito Pest 34 Return of U.S. Fleet to Pacific .... 35 N.G. Timber and Bureaucracy ~ .. 36 Substitutes for Raw Materials .. .. 42 Late Sir Basil Thomson 43 New Guinea Natives and Discipline 46 Book About Hitler 48 “La Phoque” on Rocks 49 Early Colonists for N. Hebrides .. 51 Errors in Tahitian History 52 Pacific Defence Conference 56 Labour Problem in Fiji 58 Former Kaiser and “P.1.M.” .. .. 62 Earthquake in Solomons 63 Nazis in Pacific 65 Pacific Islands Travellers 1, 80 2 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, lor transmission hy post as a newspaper .] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Crown Colony of Fiji.

Australian Territo'-y of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney. twt rpnnNir J Managing Director __ 8W5Q87 TELEPHONE BusinesB and Editorial MA7IOI P.O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables: “Pacpub”, Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are Invited and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

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Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Per Annum, elsewhere, prepaid, Post Free 10/- Single Copies Bd.

Editor and Publisher: o 1,, T™<sr»TM W T? n cs R. W. ROBSON, F.R.G.S.

Assisted by Selwyn Hughes.

Advertising Manager: L. W. Bailey.

Advertising Office and Printing-House; on Aihprto Qt Qvdnpv 29 Alberta St., Sydney.

Advertising rates tarnished on application.

Colours, etc by Arrangement .......

Process Blocks made at Advertiser s expense when required. Screen, 100. ... „ . , . . ...

Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office bv 3rd of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

IN LONDON, the “Pacific Islands Monthly” is on sale at the Bookstall, Australia House, The Strand, London, AGENTS The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd.

All Branches of Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros. Ltd., Samarai. Papua. steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches. p?jT. Ud " P ° rt M ° reSby ' N c Mackenzie-Hunt, Wainunu, Bua, Fiji.

All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove & Sons Ltd Auckland, New Zealand.

Cook i s i an ds Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

A. C. Rowland, Papeete, Tahiti.

Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. IX. No. 10.

MAY 16 1939. p.: ro ( Bd. Per Copy, rnce ( Prepaid: 8/- p.a.

America Moves-And Japan Goes Into Reverse rpHERE has been nothing quite so i comical lately, in international affairs, as the diplomatic floundering of Japan.

The position, a month ago, was that Britain and France, having witnessed the cold-blooded murder of Czechoslovakia by Hitler and his Nazi gangsters, and the seizure of Albania by Italy, had abandoned all hope of maintaining peace in Europe through honourable understandings with the dictators. Forthwith, they made an Anti-Aggression Pact with Poland, gave certain guarantees to Roumania and Greece, entered into negotiations with Russia (with a view to bringing that huge Communist State into the Pact) and proceeded to put their forces on to a semi-war basis —all with a purposefulness which could not be misdirected or misread.

But the Totalitarian' States (among which we number Japan) did not believe it. They had bluffed the democracies at Munich; they did not believe that Britain and France would fight. Japan formally congratulated Germany on her Czech “triumph”, and Italy on the seizure of Albania; while she herself, turning a grinning face at France, grabbed a few more strategic islands.

Then America moved; and, as happened once before, (in 1917), she moved so unexpectedly, and with such weight, that she probably altered the course of history. President Roosevelt spoke only a few words. He asked Hitler if Germany would promise not to make an unprovoked attack upmi any of Europe’s smaller nations —failing which, the United States would be bound to support the European democracies against the dictatorships; and he ordered the great American fleet to go immediately from the Atlantic, back to the North-west Pacific.

A few days later Britain, proceeding grimly on the course which she set herself after March 15, introduced conscription and got ready to equip a million soldiers.

Since then, there has been an amazing change. Hitler, literally “put on the spot”, has replied publicly to Roosevelt with a torrent of shrill words which are mere equivocation.

He has not given the required promise, and America remains significantly silent. Hitler had been getting ready to attack Poland, while Mussolini’s predatory eye was roaming over the Mediterranean. But now they are “conferring”. They know, now, that if they attack any more of their neighbours, they will have to fight Britain and France, who will be aided by the United States and, probably, Russia.

Japan saw the hole in the ladder, and back-stepped in a hurry. Very conscious of those countless great grey battleships lying there behind Hawaii, she announced, with a maximum of publicity, that she would not enter a military alliance with Germany and Italy, and she hinted that she did not like dictators, anyhow. She said she desired no entangling European connections; she wanted only to be left alone in her Asiatic sphere. She even hinted that she would like to resume her old friendly relations with John Bull.

This, of course, was the voice of Japanese commerce, now gravely embarrassed by Japan’s military situation. But Japan still is in the grip of the Fascist-military-naval group— let there be no doubt of that.

THE international situation now is much improved. This is seen, already, in a better tone in the stock exchanges and commodity markets.

But it is due to no change of heart in Germany or Italy or Japan. It is due to the determined attitude of an armed Britain and France, and the clear policy of an arming America.

We may as well face the truth. The world peace we all want can be achieved only so long as we are strong enough to keep out the international wolves.

Rabaul 25/26 Kavieng May 27 Salamaua-Lae .. *5 May 29/30 Madang-Alexishafen .. May 21 Salamaua .. June 1 Finschafen 1 Pondo .. June 3 Rabaul 5

Death Of George

ARNOLD RESIDENTS of New Guinea and Papua learned with deep regret of the death of Mr. George Arnold, a pioneer gold prospector and successful miner, which occurred in Sydney on April 17.

Mr. Arnold became seriously ill in New Guinea early this year, and was brought by aeroplane to Sydney in January, for expert treatment. His condition was hopeless, however —the result of an internal malignant growth. He faced death with the cheery smile so characteristic of him.

He was 70 years old.

Mr. Les. Joubert, who spent much of his life in New Guinea with Mr. Arnold, and who was with him when he died, is now also seriously ill. and is an inmate of Charlemont Private Hospital, Potts Point, Sydney.

George Arnold probably was the bestloved man in the Morobe end of New Guinea. He had been 46 vears, chasing gold in Papua and New Guinea, and he was one of the first miners at Edie Creek in 1924. He was what Australians call “the ideal mate”—always unselfish and cheerful, hard-working, completely dependable, and the soul of honour. The feeling of his fellow-miners was summed up in what another “old timer” of New Guinea, the late Frank Pryke, wrote of him some three years ago:—

Little George

He knows New Guinea up and down— Mountain, river, swamp and gorge— This hardy miner, tough and brown.

Who is known as Little George.

He tried his luck on every field Back in many a former day: At times they’d give a decent yield— Sometimes would barely pay.

One of our early pioneers, In Papua’s fevered land, He battled round for many years One of a searching, restless band.

Quite often all alone he’d go Far over river, creek and range, Where flooded mountain torrents flow Through unknown jungle, weird and strange.

We know this gallant little man As a comrade, tried and true; We’ve always found him in the van, When out testing country, new.

Grim danger never troubled him, And hardship simply was a joke.

When flush, he’d satisfy each whim— Nor squeal when he went broke.

W’hen luck was in he’d freely spend— He was no slave to pelf.

Quite often he’d his money lend, And then go short himself.

Best wishes to our good old mate!

And now, for old time’s sake, We hope that he will, soon or late, A tidy fortune make.

AMALGAMATION Committee Commences Inquiry THE Australian Federal Committee set up to inquire into the plan to amalgamate the Australian Territory of Papua and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea (Messrs. F. W. Eggleston, H. Leonard Murray and H. O. Townsend). commenced work in Canberra early in May. It sat in Sydney on May 11 and 12 and received statements on evidence.

The committee sailed from Sydney by the “Macdhui” on May 13, and will continue in that vessel around the two Territories until her final call at Rabaul on June 5.

Under this itinerary as above, the committee will be at the following places on the dates indicated:— The committee proposes to remain in Rabaul until June 9, when it is intended to proceed to the mainland and Papua, arriving at Port Moresby towards the middle of June. From Port Moresby the committee will visit Samarai and Misima and, probably, Yule Island.

The committee will be prepared to hear evidence from any individuals or organisations in the centres visited, and a memorandum in triplicate setting out the views to be expressed should be furnished to the committee. Persons who desire to express their views, and who are unable to attend at any of the centres mentioned, are invited to furnish their views in writing to the committee.

It is not proposed to take evidence at Wau until the committee returns to that district on June 9.

Mr. A. C. English, of Rigo, Papua, returned to the Territory by the April “Macdhui”.

Mr. G. O. Higgins, who has been general manager of P.O.D. Co., Papua, will leave shortly for England, on transfer.

He will be accompanied by Mrs. Higgins.

Off Beaten Paths in the Pacific—VI.

A photograph taken on the steps of the Salamaua Hotel, Salamaua, in 1932. Left to right: George Arnold, Mrs. Alan Innes, Ned Rowlands, E. J. Roache.

"Oh, Captain! I think we have arrived!" 4 May 16, 1 9 39—Pacific Islands Monthly

No. 1 Plane. No. 2 Plane.

Wednesday Sydney-T.’ville Salamaua-T.’ville Thursday T.’ville-Salamaua T.'ville-Sydney Friday Salamaua-Rabaul At Sydney Saturday At Rabaul At Sydney Sunday Rabaul-Salamaua Syd—T.’ville Monday S.’maua-T.’ville T.’ville-S’maua Tuesday T.’ville-S3 7 dney At Salamaua

New Guinea Air

MAIL Plan for Early Duplication COMMENCING on May 30, the airmail between Sydney and New Guinea, conducted by W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd., may be duplicated, and re-arranged.

At present, the mail-plane leaves Sydney on Tuesday mornings, flies via Brisbane, North Queensland, Port Moresbv, Salamaua to Rabaul (arriving Thursdays) and returns by the same track, arriving Sydney on Sundays.

If the Commonwealth Post Office agrees to the new arrangement, a ’plane will leave every Wednesday and Sunday morning; and arrive back in Sydney every Thursday and Monday night. The Sunday ’plane will not go beyond Salamaua: the Wednesday ’plane will go through to Rabaul. The proposed new time-table may be shown thus: By this arrangement, the ’planes will pass each other, each week, at Townsville, on Wednesday nights; and. between Salamaua and Townsville, on Mondays.

The new arrangement, of course, will give Papua and the western end of New Guinea a bi-weekly service with Sydney, and put an end to the increasing complaints that it is not possible to get seats on the New Guinea mail ’nlane unless there is booking far ahead.

Meanwhile, however, the Federal Government is trying to induce Carnenter Airways to cut off this New Guinea service at Townsville, and leave the New Guinea traffic to be picked up at Townsville and taken south by other air-lines.

It appears that the latter are comnlaining that Carnenter Airways, a subsidised line, are taking freights and passengers between points on the Australian coast.

Carpenter & Co., however, have very nronerly retorted that the air-mail contract which they received was to run between Sydney and Rabaul. and they have organised accordingly: that the Townsville arrangement would impose inconvenience, delay and expense on Territories passengers and freight; and that they are an all-Australian company, and therefore have the same right to carry aerial passengers and freight between Australian air-ports, as an Australian chipping company ("such as Burns, Philp Co . Ltd., who get a subsidy for carrying Islands mails) has to carry similar traffic between Australian seaports, in competition with Australian coastal steamship lines.

Territories residents are being urged to assist Carpenter & Co., in this fight against the “combine” air-lines, otherwise they may find their air-mail seriously restricted just at a time when it nromises to become doubly valuable to them.

Mr. Cecil Atkinson, who was for several years in charge of the Native Labour Office, Port Moresby Papua, arrived in Australia by the “Bulolo” in April on leave.

Japanese Spy Organisation

IN HAWAII American Agents Secure Some Startling Evidence

By John Williams

HONOLULU, Apr. 7.

DRAMATIC proof of Japanese spy technique in the Pacific area has been unearthed by the United States b°een ter d£cove?ed eS in “nawaTfan If America's defence outpostT,i™t thi Orient 1 g 4 aggression from the Orient.

Japan’s agents have been tapping U.S. navy and army wireless messages; in ocean-going fishing trawlers and sampans, they have shadowed the high seas movements of American warships; and, in the most recent instance, they have brazenly flaunted U.S. laws governing the public sale of stocks and bonds.

Japan’s agents were caught red-handed selling (behind the scenes, of course) Japanese “China Incident” Emergency Bonds among the 150,000 Japanese living in Hawaii.

Here are some of the facts compiled from confidential U.S. counter-espionage files:— Hawaii is not all that i* is thought to be. For example, most outsiders think of Hawaii as the exotic land of aloha and the sensual hula-hula and moonlit romance on the beach at Waikiki—but to defence-conscious Americans, who live on the spot, Hawaii is the keystone of America’s gigantic Pacific defence scheme.

There is moonlight on Waikiki Beach, sure enough; but the same moonlight peeps down upon monstrous 16-inch coastal guns, upon batteries of anti-aircraft guns and detectors, upon vast Pearl Harbour navy base; upon, in o:her words, the greatest array of military and navy striking power in the Pacific outside of Japanese waters.

In Hawaii’s skles ' hundreds of the Iat ‘ est navy and army patrol bombers tire ‘ lessly prowl, and their manoeuvres alway/ concentrate on the west.

TTAWAII., next to California, has the XI biggest Japanese outpost under the American flag. There are 150,000 of them in a watertight community. Two-thirds were born in Hawaii, and therefore, according to U.S. law, are U.S. citizens. But they are not so regarded by Japan.

All these Japanese, much to the distress of sentimental thinkers for brothernood and democracy, persist in living in an environment of their own making, and choosing that which is Japanese, even down to the grass mats upon which many of them sleep.

This Japanese community has its own language schools and daily newspapers, wireless broadcasts,, churches, theatres, banks, chamber of commerce, hospitals, shops (which feature made-in-Japan goods carried to Hawaii in Japanese steamers) and so on.

From the American community the Japanese studiously take only those material aids and comforts which they need.

One authority has written: “ . . . The Japanese have maintained themselves as a separate community with national contacts, ancestral customs, celebrations of national holidays, and living as though An alien Japanese, who has laboured and reared children in Hawaii for 50 years, is rewarded by a gift of a scroll from the Emperor, thrugh the hands of the Japanese Consul. The bored European at right is Mr. Poindexter, who was then (1936) Governor of Hawaii. 5 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

they still were in Japan. They are directly under the thumb of their consulgeneral, who represents the Emperor of Japan, and with whom their marriages and children are registered . . .”

Now we may see how true are these words in the light of actual facts dug out by Uncle Sam’s investigators; All the Japanese in Hawaii are organised into so-called associations, which in turn are subject to the control of a central group, most potent of all. A sort of inner cabinet. They function best of all on the biggest island of the group, the island of Hawaii, of which the main town is Hilo. Hilo is a little Tokio.

The U.S. agents discovered the existence of more than 150 Japanese associations on the island of Hawaii, interlocked by a “mobile” force of 200 handpicked Japanese, all alien born, who are contacts between the Japanese consulgeneral, the Japanese banks and the Japanese community at large. These 200 sub-consular agents (as the American investigators have come to call them) in o 'her words police and discipline the Japanese community with totalitarian thoroughness. If Hilo is a little Tokio, then the Hawaii islands are a little Japan.

LATE in 1938, American agents routed under cover Japanese war-bond salesmen from California. It was obvious that the salesmen next would tackle the Japanese in Hawaii. The American agents watched the Japanese vernacular newspapers in Hawaii. Sure enough up bobbed the illegal bond salesmen with their patriotic appeals.

Mass meetings of Japanese (alien and U.S. bom) were held, and the Hawaii Shima Aikoku Obo Kosai Doshi Kai (Hawaii Patriotic Bond Subscription Society) was one of the activities set going.

Reporting upon this momentous meeting. the alien-owned and edited “Nippu Jiji”, leading Japanese newspaper of Hawaii, said (in Japanese); “ . . . The meeting was called to discuss the public loan subscription campaign for the Fatherland . Added the patriotic paper; “ . . . The mass meeting began at 9.30 am., and the several hundred representatives of various districts showed such a keen desire and loyalty to help the Fatherland that the meeting lasted until 4 p.m. Officers were elected to guide the association in raising 1,000,000 yen within six weeks . . .”

America came into action. Investigators (according to the Government files) started with the cable companies; all the messages between a Japanese bank in Hawaii and Japan were subpoenaed and decoded. During this involved work it became necessary to secure men with a good knowledge of the Japanese language.

Logically, the U.S. agents turned to American-bom and educated Japanese; i.e., U.S. citizens. These youths professed allegiance to America, and they were set to work; but careful U.S. agents shadowed them, and tapped telephone lines. This vigilance was soon rewarded.

The Japanese-Americans were seen and overheard contacting Japanese leaders and protesting that, although ostensibly they were working with the American agents, their sympathies, in reality, were with “the Fatherland”.

Then the U.S. agents discovered another brazen angle: somewhere in Hawaii, at locations now being discovered, the Japanese for a long time have been operating secret wireless units, which are continuously manned to pick up all the U.S. army and navy messages sent by air from Washington and other centres.

These Japanese outposts even are equipped with the latest highspeed “Mux” automatic machines, which handle three messages instantaneously and garble the code, so that the messages at the receiving end must be slowed down for translation by automatic receivers.

This Japanese interception of vital American messages has created a sensation in U.S. official circles here, and. as these words are being typed, squads of specially assigned agents are compiling a history of damaging evidence against the spies.

So far as the American public is aware, the only outcome of the illegal sale of the Japanese bonds in Hawaii was the pleading guilty of 24 Japanese to charges filed in the U.S. District Court at Honolulu.

To-day, the U.S. investigators are carrying on with the leads the bond case gave. Trails are leading into unsuspected places, from Hawaii to the U.S. mainland, to Alaska, back to Japan, and down into the South Seas.

The next instalment of this story will take the lid off more astonishing facts, and will make revelations about Japanese activities in the mandated islands that lie between the U.S. and British Empire spheres of influence in the Pacific.

Modern Hotel In Port Moresby

rESE photographs show the new Moresby Hotel building at Porr Moresby, Papua, and in the smaller picture a corner of one of the lounges.

The new building of the Hotel Moresby has all modern conveniences, including a special kitchen. There are 9 bed-sitting rooms, 7 single rooms, 2 private lounges for use of lodgers and a big spacious public lounge. The dining room has seating accommodation for 80. Kitchen equipment includes an oil-fuel stove, and latest percolators, heaters and hotpoints. There is an ironing room for the use of the ladies. Guests in the lounge are served from a modern service bar. There is hot and cold water throughout, and the hotel is sewered, through a septic tank system.

The building is two storeys high. Furnishings are in Hongkong cane. The walls, outside, are Cyprus, and inside, fibro-cement. The ceilings are of donnaconna boarding; the colour scheme is green and cream inside and out.

Amplifiers and electric fans are installed in lounge and dining rooms.

A total of 26 guests can be accommodated in the new building, and 27 in the old Moresby Hotel building, adjoining. All double rooms overlook the harbour front and the hotel is 2 minutes from the wharf and 5 minutes from the golf course.

The tariff is 18/6 per day per single room inclusive.

Mrs. M. E. Thompson returned to Nukualofa, Tonga, by the April “Monterey”, after furlough in Victoria. She has been engaged in missionary activities in the Colony for the Methodist Mission for the past 13 years.

Mrs. W. R. Humphries, wife of the Resident Magistrate at Port Moresby.

Papua, returned to the Territory by the April “Macdhui”, after a holiday in Australia. She was accompanied by her daughter. 6 May 16, 193 9—-P aci f i c Islands Monthly

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WHAT is believed to be the biggest theft on record of Government funds by a Tongan was revealed after Uliti Balu, a clerk at the Treasury, Nukualofa, was convicted at the Supreme Court and sentenced to three years’ imprisonment for perjury.

Uliti Balu was a brilliant young Tongan. He was educated, first, at the local Tutaou College, and then was sent to Newington College, Sydney. His education cost the Tongan Government about £750.

For several years, he had been employed in the Treasury, and had sole charge of the Government Savings Bank Department, apparently without any complete supervision being exercised. Uliti not only received and paid out deposits, but actually kept the Savings Bank Ledger in which all transactions should be recorded. Extending over a period of five years, this brilliant Tongan filched from these funds, over which he apparently was allowed sole control, a total of £1,214/18/-.

The discovery came about in a curious way. Uliti was attending the Supreme Court, to defend a charge against him of perjury, arising out of supplying drink to Tongans at Christmas time. During his absence from the Treasury a depositor was inconsiderate enough to present to the clerk, doing Uliti’s duty, a withdrawal slip for a sum far in excess of the depositor’s credit, as shown in the ledger—although the depositor’s own book showed a credit double the desired withdrawal.

A startled staff then discovered what had been going on.

Meanwhile, Uliti was convicted of perjury and sentenced. Presumably, he will be brought from gaol to answer the charge of theft.

The fact that these thefts had been going on for years, and might have continued indefinitely but for an accident, has led to serious public criticism being directed against the manner in which the Treasurer (who also is Controller of Customs and a Cabinet Minister) has maintained control over his department.

Mr. A. Cowley writes in reference to this matter. He noints out that the Tongan Government not only loses £2,000 (amount of theft, plus cost of educating Uliti), but also loses much more—namely, a bad failure in its experiment of training young Tongans to take responsible administrative posts. Mr. Cowley says that if the Treasurer’s Department had been efficiently controlled, this young Tongan might have been saved from the misdemeanours which have led to his downfall, and to the discrediting, in part, of the Tongan system of superior education.

Burns Philp Build New Freighter For Pacific Islands Cargo Service ANEW freighter which will trade between Pacific Islands and the west coast of America and Mexico, is nearing completion in Hong Kong, to the order of Burns Philp (S.S.) Co. Ltd.

It is expected that the vessel will leave Hong Kong on June 20, but it has not been decided whether it will come to Australia or go direct to Fiji.

The dimensions of the vessel are; Length, 254 feet 6 inches; breadth, 44 feet; depth moulded to upper deck, 27 feet’ 6 inches: speed, 12 knots; and a cargo capacity of 2,000 tons of copra.

Captain J. F. Thomson, formerly commander of M.V. “Mulima”, in the New Guinea inter-island trade, has gone to Hong Kong to take charge of the boat, and Captain O. C. Bray, formerly master of the “Malake”, in the Fiji inter- Island service, will act as mate.

No definite timetable has been arranged, and probably the vessel will trade wherever cargo is offering.

Administrator Of

SAMOA Another Crop of Rumours!

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 10.

OUR latest information, “on good authority”—there have been many, and all have been wrong—is that our Acting Administrator, Mr. Turnbull, will retire after the visit of the Governor- General of New Zealand (Lord Galway) in July.

It is also reported that Major-General Burgess, the former Commander-in- Chief of the New Zealand military forces, and now retired, will be the new Administrator. There is no confirmation of this, however.

Another report is that Mr. W. R. Mc- Culloch, who was auditor in Samoa in 1935-6, will return to the Territory as Secretary of the Administration.

Nothing has been said here to indicate that New Zealand may try to transfer the Mandate to Britain. But such a move, if it is constitutionally possible, would be welcome here.

Islands Tragedy

Girl Suicides; American Lover Goes Mad From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 21.

A TRAGIC incident occurred at Pago Pago in April.

A Samoan girl, 18 years old, a nurse at the hospital, committed suicide by throwing herself into the sea from a cliff near Pago Pago. To make sure of death, the girl tied some pillow slips, filled with stones, to her body. Hours later, her body was found, floating in the sea near the cliff.

In a long letter, written just before her suicide, the girl explained that she preferred to die, as her family had objected to a love affair she had carried on with an American bluejacket attached to the naval station.

As a result of the suiciding of the girl, tier sailer lover became demented, anc was sent back to the States by the “Monterey”.

Rev. A. S. Jones, L.Th., of the Methodist Mission at New Britain, New Guinea, who is at present on furlough in N.S.W., has been taken seriously ill.

Uliti Balu Preceded by native police band, and led by the Administrator (Brig.-General Sir Walter Mc- Nicoll) and the president of the Returned Soldiers’ Association (Hon. R. L. Clarke), the returned soldiers of Rabaul, New Guinea, march in procession to the War Memorial on Anzac Day. 7 Pacific Islands Mont hi y— May 16, 1080

Across Pacific In An Outrigger Remarkable Performance of Young Czech. Canoeist From Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, May 4.

A YOUNG Czecho-Slovakian, Rudolf Cikanek, aged 26, arrived in Rabaul harbour on April 24, after having travelled by outrigger canoe from the Philippines. He left that group towards the end of December, 1937, and he eventually made his way south by easy stages and hugging the coastline, until he beached his canoe beside the old. burned N.D.L. wharf, in Rabaul, New Guinea.

Never have I seen such interest shown in any one white man by the natives.

Scores of Rabaul natives followed the traveller wherever he went, until at last native police had to be detailed to prevent the natives from making a nuisance of themselves.

For years, certain tribes in Buka and Bougainville have been waiting for “a white man to come out of the sea”. Word travelled around that this wonder-man had at last arrived.

Dozens of Buka natives, locally employed, gathered outside the house wherein the Czech was staying, and gazed for hours at the verandah, in the hope of catching sight of the newlyarrived god.

Cikanek comes originally from Vienna, though his parents are Czechs; he speaks French, German, Czech and very good English. Deeply suntanned, he is the embodiment Df health and clean-living. He neither smokes nor drinks, and has an attractive sense of humour.

He made light of his travels. It was more congenial that living in Europe during these trying times. When he left the Philippines, his own country had not yet been taken by Germany. He realised that changes had come about as soon as he called at the Rabaul Post-Office, and found there were no letters for him—no money; no word of his mother, and concerning her he was anxious.

Modestly, he described his journey from the southern end of the Philippines, across to the Celebes, and then over to the Moluccas, and from there to Dutch New Guinea; along the northern coastline until he entered the Mandated Territory at Wanimo; and from there on, he said, he reckoned he had called al nearly every village along the coast. Not once, he added, had he experienced any trouble with the natives; nor had he been refused food or assistance. News of his journey preceded him down the coast; for hundreds of miles ahead the natives were on the look-out for him. News travels quickly along the New Guinea coast where the wooden drums beat out iheir messages.

Hospitality greeted him everywhere from the dark races. It was not until he arrived amongst men of his own color that he was looked upon askance by some, and assistance withheld by others.

The magnitude of the Czech’s performance was not realised by the motor-riding people. Only the natives appreciated the effort. Had they themselves not battled for days against head-winds and strong tides in one-man canoes? Had they not experienced the dangers of a swamped, frail bark when the nor’-west seas and winds beat upon them?

The achievements of Marconi, Curie, Edison, Kingsford-Smith are nothing to the primitive native. But for a white man to excel them at their own game—navigating a canoe over open waters for months —was understood, and he was credited with supernatural powers.

From Rabaul, Cikanek will paddle on down through the British Solomons to San Cristoval, Santa Cruz, the New Hebrides and, perhaps, Fiji. He has no time limit. He is as free as the open sea through which ploughs his twelvefoot, sharply-pointed canoe. It was originally a Filipino fishing canoe, with two outriggers, and a small sail.

"Desikoko" In The Gilberts

MESSRS. W. R. Carpenter & Co.’s m.v. “Desikoko” arrived at Tarawa on April 1, after a twelve days’ run from Rabaul. She is to take up the “John Bolton’s” run, collecting copra in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, for two or three months.

It was found, on arrival of the “John Bolton” at Rabaul from the Gilberts for her annual overhaul, that there would be a longer delay on the slip than was anticipated, and as there is a time-limit imposed by the Government for the collection of tax-copra in the Ellice Islands, the transfer of the “Desikoko” to the “John Bolton’s” run was essential.

The “Desikoko” arrived at Rabaul, a new ship of 200 tons, about five years ago. Captain Meldrum is in charge, with chief-engineer Cox. She was extensively damaged in Rabaul during the volcanic eruption. Successive tidal waves, sweeping in and receding, caused her to be tossed alternately on to the wharf and back to the sea-bed, fracturing her keel and fourteen frames amidships. She subsequently broke away from the wharf in the night and was carried down Blanche Bay, to be smothered in pumice and volcanic ash, but was rescued next morning.

Engineer Cox providentially finding it still possible to work her engine and bring her in to an anchorage. She was subsequently taken to Sydney under her own power, where repairs were effected.

Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Derrick, and two of their children, arrived in Sydney from Suva, Fiji, by the “Monterey” on April 21. on short furlough. Mr. Derrick is engaged in mission work for the Methodist Mission in the Colony.

TOP ROW.—Mr. and Mrs. A, R. Aspinall, of Lautoka, Fiji, returned to the Colony by the “Monterey” on April 28 after spending a short holiday in Victoria.

SECOND ROW.—Left: Miss Lillian Bennett, of Melbourne, left Sydney by the “Tanda” in mid- April for Rabaul, New Guinea. After a short stay in Rabaul, Miss Bennett will proceed to Madang, where she will spend some time with friends. Right: Mr. V. A. Pratt, of Tobera plantation, Kokopo, New Guinea, returned to Rabaul by the April “Tanda” after a short visit to Melbourne. He was accompanied by Mrs. Pratt.

BOTTOM ROW.—Mr. and Mrs. J. T. Johnson, of Suva, Fiji, photographed with their daughter-in-law, Mrs. C. Johnson (centre), of Sydney, just before they returned to the Colony by the “Monterey” at the end of April.

Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have been in Australia for a short time, while Mr. Johnson recovered from an injury to his leg.

Rudolf Cikanek, and the 12-feet canoe in which he paddled and sailed from Philippines to Rabaul harbour. 8 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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TROPICALITIES APPARENTLY the value of a wife, unlike that of gdod wine or pictures does not increase with age.

An aggrieved Papuan, named Faramu, sought redress, in the Native Court recently against a fellow-countryman, who had alienated his wife’s affection, induced her by seductive promises to desert her husband, and crowned his offence by marrying her.

Faramu felt that he had a grievance— not so much in his injured self-esteem, or his lacerated affections, as in the fact that he had bought his wife and paid for her, whereas the home-wrecking Lothario who had destroyed his domestic peace had got her for nothing.

A pig, 42 armshells, and £l6O in cash may not have flattered unduly the charms of the blushing bride, but they constituted a measure of the bridegroom’s ardour at the time of the marriage, and were the price that he paid to her parents for possession of her person. And he sought to recover frohi the seducer the whole of his outlay.

But the Magistrate could not see it like that. The original marriage took place 14 years ago, and the lady’s charms, meanwhile, had wilted. And, since the romance had been placed on a commercial basis mundane considerations intruded themselves —such as amortisation of interest, depreciation of the Australian pound, reduced expectation of life, value already received, and the effects of wear and tear.

Taking all these elements into account, the damage was assessed at 44 armshells and £6O, to be paid in twenty monthly instalments of £3. —L. • • * AFTER spending 32 years on the island of Marakei, In the Gilbert Islands, Father Adolf Vocat, Roman Catholic missionary, was unlucky enough to pick 1938 as the year in which to pay a longplanned visit to his native Switzerland.

When he arrived back in Australia, in the middle of April, he caused much amusement and aroused not a little sympathy in Australia by emphatically declaring that, having had one good look at Europe under present-day conditions, he was very glad indeed to be going back to his lonely island in mid-Pacific, where he expected to spend the remainder of his life. Father Vocat evidently has a keen sense of humour, and he made one illuminating comment. “I have nothing to say about European politics,” he said, “except that I am sorry that my name is Adolf.”

It was a coincidence that the Rev.

Father Cadoux, a member of the Sacred Heart Mission in Papua, also returned in April from a visit to he had spent 10 years in primitive Papua. Father Cadoux said that he had seen enough of the so-called “civilisation” of Europe to be very thankful that he was returning to what he termed the “higher civilisation in Papua”. • ♦ ♦ IT is announced from San Francisco that Richard Halliburton, a wellknown author, with three companions, has disappeared in the middle of the North Pacific Ocean, while attempting to sail a Chinese junk from Hong Kong to San Francisco. It was intended that they should reach San Francisco in time to make a dramatic entrance to the Exhibition now being held there. No one wishes death upon a man; but if it should prove that Richard Halliburton has unfortunately been lost to civilisation there will be no salt tears wept among lovers of truth and decent restraint in travel literature. Halliburton obtained fame of a kind by pure stunting. He produced a series of travel books in which the colours were exaggerated to the point of absurdity, and in which he directed attention to ’ himself by performing idiotic tricks, such as firing off revolvers, a la American cowboy, from the top of the Taj Mahal.

So far as we know, he never has visited the South Pacific—a remarkable thing, considering that the South Pacific for many decades has been a happy huntingground of every kind of near-journalist and pseudo-author who makes a kind of living by sacrificing truth to sensationalism. * * * SOME Australian newspapers, in April, wept publicly over the alleged sorrows of the newly appointed Director of Native Affairs in Australia.

The appointment of Mr. Chinnery to his new post at £1,200 per annum was announced recently. It appears that he proceeded in April to Darwin, to commence his new duties, but when he got there he found accommodation of every kind at a premium, and no person in authority had had sufficient vision to get an office ready for him. Finally, Mr. Chinnery accepted an offer of accommodation from the Crown Solicitor, and set up his office on the front verandah of the Crown Solicitor’s home.

This, of course, is all very sad. But one cannot escape the reflection that the present time, when the Australian Commonwealth is committed to enormous expenditure on defence, is scarcely the best in which to commence all this fuss and expense in connection with Australian aboriginals. After all, the Australian natives got along well enough without a £1,200 per annum director for 100 years; and it would not have mattered if the very worthy but not essential new undertaking had been postponed for a few more years, until such time as Mr. Hitler has been disposed of, and the Australian taxpayers have a little money to spare from defence, for humanitarian purposes. * • • A MOTOR car accident near Port Moresby, recently, had a comparatively happy ending when the three occupants disentangled themselves and crawled from the wreckage under their own power, writes a correspondent “Hanua”. The driver, who has flown a good deal over Papua, seems to be air-minded, and appears to have tried to take off from the edge of a steep embankment on one of the town streets.

Cars in Port Moresby have to be amphibian to some extent during the wet season; but this does not mean that they can fly. ♦ * * IS it any wonder that employers of indentured native labour in the Morobe section of New Guinea spit with rage, at times, and hold the Native Department officials in contempt.

Some time ago, certain wise people in Rabaul decided that the system of issuing rucksacks to indentured labourers should cease and that, instead each indentured labourer must be provided with a wooden box—the type in which so many natives keep their small possessions.

So the obedient employers of the goldfield threw away hundreds of rucksacks, and bought hundreds of boxes, which were duly issued to their labourers. Now, the wiseacres of Rabaul have decided that the 9 Pacific Islands Monthl y— M ay 16, 1939

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The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

NEXT MEETING will be held on Wednesday, June 7, 8 p.m., at Hotel Carlton, Sydney.

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB, C/o Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, George St., Sydney. previous decision was wrong and have given instructions that rucksacks may be legally issued to indentured labourers and wooden boxes abandoned. So rucksacks are once more on issue on the Morobe goldfields; and if anyone wants an astonishingly cheap line in wooden boxes he is invited urgently to make early application. Meanwhile the Morobe employers, with more or less unpleasantness are asking when Rabaul is going to secure the services of someone with a real knowledge of New Guinea labour conditions, to assist in the drafting of these all-toofrequent regulations, • ♦ ♦ A COMMERCIAL broadcasting station in Sydney is dramatising an early phase of Fijian history as its theme for a short sketch in an advertising programme. It is based on the story of how the Polynesian Company acquired 200,000 acres of land around Suva.

The curtain rises. We hear the rasping voice of an American demanding £lO,OOO from King Cakoba.u, indemnity for alleged damage done to American properties by Fijians. Poor Cakobau is in a dilemma— he has not got £lO,OOO. But, wait! An Australian comes on the scene, representing the Polynesian Company, and offers to pay the fine in return for a grant of land to grow cotton.

In his relief, Cakobau becomes generous and eloquent and, in addition to giving the land, he says: “Give you coconut oil, too—coconut oil good for hair,”

Which is the cue for the announcer, who breaks in and says, “and Blank’s coconut oil is good for your hair.” * • * AN embarrassing gift was received in the Solomon Islands by the third engineer of the British freighter “Polzella”. The “Polzella” ran on to a reef near Gizo, but she got off two days later, and arrived in Sydney late in March, leaking badly.

The third engineer immediately got in touch with friends ashore, and offered them “a fine, wee shell, right oot of the tropics”. But when the friends went to collect it, they almost fainted. It was a clam-shell, 3 feet across by 2 feet high, and it took up so much of the engineer’s cabin that he had to climb up and over it to get into bed.

While the ship lay on the reef, the engineer repaired the launch-engine of an old resident of Gizo. The grateful owner gave the engineer the shell, which he said was the biggest clam-shell in the world. The engineer said it really was a fine shell; but, as he got used to it, it seemed to grow in size, and he was prepared to pay anyone to relieve him of the curio.

Mr. C. S. Ramsay, famous as “the Tin- Can Mailman of Niuafo’ou”, Tonga, where he was a trader in the years prior to the depression, arrived in Auckland on April 17, from London. He said that he was going to settle down again in Tonga or Samoa. 10 May 16, 1939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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About Islands People

Dr. K. Washington Gray, chief geologist of Australasian Petroleum Co., has returned to Port Moresby, after a visit to Melbourne, with Mr. Leibensperger, geological adviser to Vacuum Oil Co.

Mr. T. Gough, European constable at Port Moresby, left by the “Bulolo” on April 12 for Brisbane, on special sick leave. Mr. Gough was under medical treatment during the whole of his recent vacation leave ,but was still a sick man when he returned to duty. Many friends wish him a quick recovery.

Miss Florence Aitken, of Invercargill, N.Z., was married in Apia on April 5 to Mr. John Kyle Hamilton, son of the late Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Clark, of Lumsden, N.Z. Both bridegroom and bride are popular members of the Samoan Administration staff —the former at the Customs House, and latter, as nurse, at Apia Government Hospital.

After two months’ holiday in New South Wales. Mr.

C. M. Southey, Section Overseer at Ba for the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., returned to Fiji, with his wife, by the “Aorangi” on April 13. Mr. -Southey, who has completed 38 years’ residence in the Ba District, is well - known throughout the Colony of Fiji as a keen sportsman.

A considerable portion of his holidays was spent on city and suburban bowling greens.

The following have been elected honorary members of the Pacific Islands Club in Sydney in recognition of their services: the chief tainess, Lefagoalii (Mrs. Alfred Page); the past president, Dr H lan Hogbin; and Noho Toki, the Maori singer. Miss Julie Werry, another New Zealand singer who holds that distinction, left by the “Monowai” in May for Canada, where she will fulfil broadcasting engagements.

Prior to their departure for Suva, en route to Australia—where they will make their future home —Mr. and Mrs. G. P.

Pinkerton and family were entertained at a dance and presentation by the staff and employees of the Mount Kasi Mines, Ltd., Vanua Levu, Fiji (says a correspondent). Mr. Pinkerton, a very capable and well-liked mill superintendent, had been at Mount Kasi for nine years. A silver tea service was presented to Mr. and Mrs. Pinkerton, and everyone wished them bon voyage and good luck. A feature of the entertainment was an exhibition of tap-dancing by Misses Pat and Daphne Denby.

Captain Thomas Richards, who spent many years of his life in charge of trading ships in the Central Pacific, died in Auckland recently at the age of 88. He first commenced trading out of Auckland about 1870. He had many vivid memories of the time when no law was observed in the Central Pacific except the law of the big fist and the heavy club, and of the men who flourished under those conditions.

Mr. Ewan Corlette, of the New Hebrides, as a result of his extensive knowledge of the languages and dialects used by the primitive bush tribes of the New Hebrides, is finding his services in demand by scientists and the Government.

Much of the work relating to languages, in a book by Mr. John Layard, of Cambridge, and Rev. A. Catell, a well-known philologist, is being done by Mr. Corlette.

Mr. Corlette also, at the request of the French High Commissioner in New Caledonia, is assisting Professor Leenhardt in a work which he is compiling dealing with the languages of the New Hebrides.

Major A. H. Stafford (adjutant to the Fiji Defence Force), Mr. H. H. Vaskess (secretary of High Commission for the Western Pacific) and Lieutenant F. R. J.

Nicholls, were among the officials who accompanied the Governor of Fiji (Sir Harry Luke) to the Pacific Defence Conference in New Zealand last month.

Mr. Marc T. Greene, a well-known correspondent of a group o! leading American newspapers, passed through Sydney recently on his way to New Zealand and Tahiti. He has been recently in Europe, and he spent the last two months in the Dutch East Indies and the interior of China. He retracted, in no particular, the emphatic opinion he expressed to the “P.1.M.” towards the end of 1938, that Japan was in serious difficulties in China —an opinion which recent events seem to bear out. Mr. Greene was in Western Samoa six or seven years ago, and he stirred up a hornet’s nest there by his outspoken criticism of political conditions. Although his opinions are outspoken, and generally stir up a fierce controversy somewhere, he is a genial and well-informed man, and many people in the eastern Pacific will be glad to renew his acquaintance. It is of interest to note that he is a direct descendant of General Nathaniel Greene, whom some historians consider to have been the most able commander, next to Washington, in the colonial armies of the American revolutionary war.

Mr. Southey

11 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M ay 16, 1939

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NAME ADDRESS Mrs. Laura Glendenning Fulton, the wife of Mr. George Fulton, died in Paris on April 17. Mr. Fulton has been a frequent visitor to the Pacific since 1905, in connection with the activities of Messrs. Levers Pacific Plantations, Ltd.

He retired from the post of managing director in 1935.

Mr. A. A. Bell, who was on the staff of Enterprise of New Guinea, Ltd., who has been a resident of Wau for some time, received an appointment in Malaya and left New Guinea at the end of March.

Dr. George Hoeltker, who has been in charge of a scientific expedition on the north coast of New Guinea (Mandated Territory), completed his work in April, and left for his home near Vienna, in Austria.

Sir Harry Luke, C.M.G., High Commissioner for the Western Pacific and Governor of Fiji, accompanied by his A.D C , Lieutenant F. R. J. Nichols, left Auckland for Suva by the “Monterey” on May 1» after taking part in the Pacific Defence Conference at Wellington, N.Z., in April.

Mr. Maurice McFadyen, chief steward of the trans-Pacific liner “Niagara”, died late in April, a few hours before the liner arrived at Suva on her last trip from Vancouver. Mr. McFadyen was 47 years of age and had been in indifferent health for some time.

New Settlers Of

Phoenix Islands

From Our Own Correspondent.

TARAWA, Apr. 10.

THE B.P. motor vessel “Moamoa” leaves Tarawa about the middle of April, under contract to the G. & E.I.

Colony Government, for the purpose of embarking and transporting a ship-load of native “settlers” from the Gilberts, under the new Phoenix Islands settlement scheme.

Since the recent purchase by the Colony Government of Burns, Philp’s leases in the Phoenix Group, officers have been sent ahead to take over the copra plantations, buildings, plant and equipment; and to establish Government headquarters and get official administration on a working footing, in anticipation of the arrival of the native settlers.

On arrival of the “Moamoa” at Phoenix Islands the settlers will be disembarked, and the existing time-expired plantation labourers of Burns, Philp’s employ will be repatriated to their homes in the Tokelau Group (between Phoenix Group and Samoa).

The Phoenix Group, lying five degrees south of the equator, across longitudes E. 170-175, has figured prominently in Pacific affairs since the comparatively recent occupation of Canton and Enderbury Islands by British and United States units in connection with the establishment of strategic naval and air outposts.

Other islands in the Group are Hull, Sydney, Phoenix, Gardner, McKean and Birnie.

The Phoenix Group will now form part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Crown Colony, administered from Downing Street through the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific at Suva.

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Imperial Airways Come To The Pacific

Auckland in August—Fiji in September—Meanwhile, What of Pan American Airways?

Developments which are probable in connection with the establishment of a trans-Pacific air-mail, connecting Australia and New Zealand with North America, are becoming a little dear—although still complicated by contradictory reports of an extraordinary character.

There are still indications that Pan American Airways intend to make some use of a seaplane base under construction at Noumea, New Caledonia—which would indicate a direct run from Honolulu to Australia, cutting out New Zealand. It is noted, for instance, that a considerable amount of Pan American Airways equipment arrived in Sydney, cn a Matson liner, and has been transhipped to New Caledonia.

P.A.A. Party For Noumea

THIS (a news cablegram from Honolulu, dated May 3) was published in “N.Z.

Herald”: — A Pan American Airways construction party of six men who are to establish an airways base at Noumea, New Caledonia, departed to-day by the “Mariposa” for Sydney and Noumea. The leader, Mr. A.

L. Lewis, formerly Pan American Airways airport manager at Auckland, said he did not know when experimental flights would take place. He understood the American route would be Honolulu- Canton Island-Noumea-Auckland. He was positive that the company would not directly enter Australia. Another Pan American construction crew will, leave here within a week to establish a base at Canton Island.

Despite Mr. Lewis’ statement, it is most difficult to believe that the seaplanes will fly a very crooked course, via Noumea to Auckland (where Imperial Airways will mop up the limited traffic) instead of the straight course to Australia, where there is much traffic.

On the other hand, Mr. Harold Gatty, Pan American Airways representative in Auckland, still insists that the P.A.A. service will run south-west from Hawaii to New Zealand, as was originally proposed.

This is supported by the fact that Mr. E.

B. Buxton, P.A.A. meteorologist, is returning to Auckland, where he is due on May 12. The Prime Minister of New Zealand also has expressed his belief that the P.A.A. service will come to Auckland, and not go to Australia, via Noumea, as has been reported.

Imperial Airways Progress

The clearest indication of what is likely to happen, however, is seen in the slow but very steady progress of the plans of Imperial Airways. Indications are that the British company will be running a service across the Central Pacific long before Pan American Airways can get into operation.

Two large new flying-boats, the “Aotearoa” and the “Australia”, were delivered to Imperial Airways in England on April 25, and they are to be flown out to Australia for the Sydney-Auckland service. Meteorological stations already have been established at Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island to give essential information regarding weather. One of these new flying-boats will commence experimental flights between Sydney and Auckland in August.

Meanwhile, preparations are now being made for a regular air-mail service between Auckland and Fiji. It is expected that one of the two new flying-boats will make experimental flights between Auckland and Suva in September. Plans already are afoot for a meteorological station on Sunday Island (Kermadec Group) to provide weather reports. A technical expert from Imperial Airways already has been in Fiji, investigating proposed air bases near Suva, and he also has made an inspection of a sheltered port called Parengarenga, at the extreme tip of New Zealand, 200 miles north of 13 Pacific Islands Monthl y — M ay 16, 1939

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LIMITED Queen St., Brisbane. laden seaplanes leave the New Zealand coast for Suva.

Step by step, without any of the unfortunate haste which led to disasters in the case of Pan American Airways, the British company is proceeding with its plans for establishing a service—first, from Sydney to Auckland; and then from Auckland, via Suva and Canton Island, to Hawaii and Vancouver.

Under these conditions, it is hard to believe that there will be enough business in New Zealand to justify Pan American Airways in running a service between Honolulu and Auckland. It still seems much more likely that Pan American Airways will make an amicable working arrangement with Imperial Airways, under which a P.A.A. service will run from Honolulu, via Canton Island and New Caledonia, to Australia.

North Pacific Service

1 MEANWHILE, it is apparent that Pan American Airways are to have no competition in the North Pacific service, which they pioneered four years ago. At the beginning of March a Boeing Clipper—a magnificent thing, carrying 74 passengers and powered with four great engines, each developing 1,500 horse power—made a test flight from San Francisco across to Hong Kong and back; and it is expected that the new Boeing Clippers will in due course take the place of the Martin Clippers, which have been carrying on the service. The indications are that there are not yet sufficient freight and passengers to make this service pay; but inevitably, the North Pacific air-mail will become one of the great aerial transport services of the world.

Japanese River Fever

That mysterious and dangerous disease known as Japanese river fever still takes its toll of the Europeans in the Morobe end of New Guinea. The latest sufferer is Mr. Johnstone, of the staff of the Bank of New South Wales, at Wau. The fever did not prove fatal in his case, and he has been sent to Australia for recuperation. Japanese river fever does not always kill its victims, but the proportion of deaths is very high.

New Minister For

TERRITORIES fTVHE Minister in charge of Australia’s X Pacific Territories, in the new Menzies Government, is Mr. J. A. Perkins. Mr. Harrison (who was an Assistant Minister in the Lyons’ Government— in which Mr. Perkins was Minister for Customs) has moved on to full Cabinet rank, as was forecast in the last “P.1.M.”.

Mr. Perkins recently had a long bout of illness, and so now, with a lesser portfolio, has been relieved of heavy duty.

Territories folk will like him. He is a courteous, conscientious and approachable man, with a keen sense of public duty—a man who can be depended upon to deal promptly and justly with Territories affairs.

The Australian Territories now have had four Ministers in 18 months —Sir George Pearce, Mr. Hughes, Mr. Harrison and Mr. Perkins.

Mr. and Mrs. W. Greig, of Samarai, who have been spending a holiday in Europe, returned home via the West Indies, and arrived in Samarai by the “Tasman” on April 29. 14 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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First Dental

CLINIC Samoa Leads South Seas in Teeth- Saving Campaign From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 10.

FOR years past, the Samoan Administration and its Medical Department have recognised the urgent need to systematically combat dental diseases amongst the Samoan population.

In 1936 the Administration decided to organise a Dental Division attached to the Department of Health, and at the beginning of 1937 a New Zealand dental surgeon, Mr. J. Francon Williams, 8.D.5., N.Z., was appointed Dental Officer in Charge.

Since then the Dental Department has done valuable work, by examination of a large number of school children. Some very interesting data has been gathered, and this forms the basis for a systematic campaign now proceeding to propagate the importance of dental hygiene, and impress children and adults with the dangers of neglect in the care of the teeth.

Dental disease is not only known amongst Samoan school children and adults, but seems to be steadily increasing, and is largely attributable to lack of oral hygiene, and a change in diet to European foodstuffs.

There seems no hope of preventing the spread of European foodstuffs. All the lecturing in the world would not persuade the Samoan to give up his cherished white bread, sugar, biscuits and tinned meat.

A fully equipped dental clinic and training school has been established at the Apia Government Hospital. There are six Samoan boys, all picked lads, undergoing training to become Native Dental Officers, and it will be their main task to keep watch on the teeth of school children, and carry out the maintenance work necessary. As well as advising the children on dental education, they will instruct the Samoans generally along simple preventive lines.

Mr. C. H. Beach, who has been appointed city engineer at Suva, Fiji, arrived in the Colony by the “Monterey” on May 4.

A Fish Story

A SYDNEY writer has resuscitated the story of how certain rats in Papua catch fish, as told by C.A.W. Monckton.

Monckton had noticed plenty of rats on a small barren island, devoid of food.

He wondered how the rats managed to subsist. One morning, before breakfast, he noticed rats going down to the edge of the reef— lank, hungry-looking brutes. _ They squatted on a piece of coral right on the water’s edge, and dangled their tails in the water. Suddenly one rat was seen to make a violent spring of about a yard, and, as he landed, there was a crab clinging to his tail.

This was soon consumed, and the fishing began again—a new use for tails, this, surely.

Samoan dental trainees at work in the Dental School, Apia Hospital, under the direction of Mr. F. J. Williams. 15 Pacific Islands Monthl y — M ay 16, 1939

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OF NEW SOUTH WALES I No. 884 MATRIMONIAL CAUSES f of 1939.

JURISDICTION I

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William James Simpson

To Respondent William James Simpson, formerly of Merrie Creek, Wau, in the Territory of New Guinea.

TAKE NOTICE that the said Prances Ann Simpson has commenced a Suit against you in this Court for dissolution of her marriage with you on the grounds of desertion for three years and upwards without just cause and excuse And TAKE NOTICE that you are required to enter an appearance to the said Suit at the proper office of this Honourable Court on or before the eighth day of September next. And in the event of your not doing so within the time limited or obtaining further time the Petitioner will proceed and the Suit be heard and determined your absence notwithstanding.

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Dr. W. C. Klein, in a personal letter from The Hague, Holland, states that, after several years of strenuous work, he has laid down the secretaryship of the New Guinea Committee, which has been organising the activities of colonising interests in Dutch New Guinea. Dr. Klein, however, will continue to work in the interests of Dutch New Guinea, but on a reduced scale.

THE gentleman who has signed the name “Gabusulawe of the Solomons” to a very long letter, in which he defends the “civilisation” of primitive peoples, in comparison with European civilisation, is informed that even the editor of this unorthodox journal cannot accept such material for publication unless he knows the identity of the writer!

The letter is too long for publication, anyway.

Plan To Use Papuans As

SOLDIERS SPANISH nationalist newspapers, in April, under flaring headlines, reported that the Australian Commonwealth Government intends to train natives in the Australian Mandated Territory of New Guinea for defence units.

The article added that Britain now is enlisting cannibals for the English army, insomuch that recruiting is now going on actively in Papua.

When such blatant rubbish appears— as it frequently does in the world’s newspaper press, one despairs of the future of humanity. Actually the Australian Government has been most careful to take no step which might be construed as a breach of the New Guinea mandate (which provides that nothing whatever shall be done to arm the natives or construct fortifications).

Some fortifications have been placed in the Australian Territory of Papua, at Port Moresby, and there is now under discussion a plan to enlist Papuan native soldiers, who could be of the greatest possible assistance to the European garrison stationed now in Port Moresby. It was at first proposed that a labour battalion should be formed in Papua; but military officers have been so impressed with the soldierly smartness of the Papuan Armed Constabulary that the formation of a few companies of soldiers is now favoured.

The plan has much to commend it.

There is no objection to Papuans being enlisted for service in Papua than there is to the enlistment of Indians in India, or Moors in Morocco.

It may be the voice of Spain that we hear, but it is the propaganda of Goebels. Germany always is howling about the employment of black troops; but one seems to remember that Germany enlisted very large numbers of black troops in Africa while she was a colonial power—and further, she employed them very effectively between 1914 and 1917. 16 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

M s O . n

Unsuspected Wealth In Barren Rocks

Romantic Story of Pacific Phosphate Industry FOR one hundred years, adventurous men from Europe, America, and Asia have roamed up and down the wide Pacific seeking treasure. They found it in many shapes—in sandalwood, pearls, in rich oils and rare spices, in slaves and in women, and in these later decades, in gold.

But for over one hundred years they did not recognise, and trampled underfoot, the richest treasure yet produced by the Pacific—namely, phosphate rock —a thing which is the result of the long action of sunshine and sea-water upon the droppings of incredible millions of sea birds, accumulated over thousands of years.

The fertiliser known as super-phosphate is made from phosphate rock, with certain things added; and superphosphate adds enormously to the productiveness of wheatfields, gardens, and pastures, throughout the temperate zones of the world. Phosphate comes from many parts of the world; but about one-seventh of the world’s total suoply, now in sight, is in the Pacific. Pacific phosphate is by far the richest in the world; and it comes chiefly from three islands— namely, Nauru, Ocean Island, and Makatea.

The phosphate on those islands is worth about £2 per ton, as it is; and there are in sight, on the three islands, many millions of tons of phosphate.

The value of super-phosphate, as a fertiliser, was generally recognised in the early days of this century, and the search for phosphate became intense. A few men with scientific minds and long, shrewd vision, decided that there might be supplies of phosphate in the Pacific; but, as they realised that if their hopes were confirmed, certain islands would suddenly spring from worthlessness into a value of almost incalculable millions of pounds, they proceeded with great caution.

Between 1900 and 1912, these men— mostly Englishmen and Australians — discovered and proved the value of the enormous deposits of phosphate on the three islands named. One (Ocean Island) was British; Nauru was German; and Makatea was French; and all three nations benefited. But the original plan, and the development, was largely British. Today, mining and transportation of the phosphate, and its conversion into super-phosphate, give employment to thousands of people, and millions of pounds of capital.

But the most remarkable feature of this chapter of Pacific history is that for so long those ardent wealthseekers—pirates, and traders, “blackbirders” and whalers—landed almost daily upon those usually barren and comparatively unattractive islands, and never suspected that the substance upon which they walked was almost immediately convertible into wealth beyond the dreams of a Midas.

ONE of the first men who went into the Pacific, on a search for phosphate, was a chemist, Mr. Alfred Stephen, who has been for long connected with the technological staff of the British Phosphate Commission, and who now is living in retirement in Sydney. In an address to the Pacific Islands Club in Sydney on May 3, Mr. Stephen told the fascinating story of how phosphate was found in the Pacific Islands in the early years of this century, and how the great industry was developed.

In his search for phosphate he visited most of the island groups in the Pacific, and he thus had an opportunity of making the acquaintance of several branches of the Polynesian race, just before they abandoned their own culture for the culture of the Europeans. Mr. Stephen brought the trained mind of the scientist, not only to his work, but to his meetings with the Polynesians, and with certain Melanesian tribes—especially in and about the Solomons —and his observations are of a valuable character.

Those who heard his lecture at the P.I. Club function urged him to give effect to his long-contemplated plan of putting his immense store of valuable material into book form. 17 Pacific Islands Monthl y— May 16, 1939

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MR. STEPHEN traced the growth of the phosphate industry in the Pacific from its discovery up to the present time. Early in the century, Mr. H. E. Benson, manager of a trading company, the Pacific Islands Company, paid a visit to Nauru, and when he returned to Sydney, he brought a block of white-coloured rock. He had it examined but was told it had only scientific value—probably it was part of a petrified tree.

For two years, the block of stone was used as a stopper for a door in the Pacific Is. Trading Co.’s office in Macquarie Place, Sydney. But one day Mr. George Ellis noticed it, and had a piece crushed and analysed. It was found to be phosphate of a particularly high-grade. There were obstacles, however, as Nauru (Pleasant Island) was German territory, and had been leased by a German trading company, the Jaluit Qessellschaft.

Mr. James Mortensen, a super-cargo on one of the Pacific Islands Company’s boats, suggested that if there was valuable phosphate on Nauru, it was feasible that there was phosphate also on Ocean Island, which was nearby, similar in type, and a British possession. With strict injunctions to observe secrecy, he was sent to Ocean Island and returned with several samples of good phosphate, and subsequently Mr. George Ellis and a Mr.

F. Danvers Power left with an expeditlon for ° cean Island, The Pacific Islands Company (which had been formed out of interests formerly controlled by F. T. Arundel & Co. (England) and Henderson, Me- Farlane & Co. (New Zealand) obtained certain rights on Ocean Island, and made a working arrangement with the German interests in Nauru. It was liquidated, and the British Phosphate Company was formed, and it worked both islands. After the war, when Germany lost Nauru, the British Phosphate Commission was formed, and to-day controls production on Ocean Island and Nauru.

After three years on Nauru and Ocean Island with the Pacific Islands Company, Mr. Stephen left the company and joined an expedition to investigate phosphate possibilities on Makatea (French Oceania). Returning to Australia he formed several syndicates of his own and, after studying many old books at the Mitchell Library, Sydney, he made a list of islands in the Pacific which he thought might be rich in phosphate.

IN the course of his investigations of these islands, Mr. Stephen travelled many thousands of miles, all over the Pacific. He found many islands which closely resembled Ocean Island in structure —one of them Atiu, in the Cook Islands—but none of them had deposits of any commercial value.

One strange feature regarding the discovery of phosphates on Nauru and Ocean Island was that, even if an intensive search of all islands in the Pacific had been made, probably those islands would have been the last visited, because of the popular belief, at the time, that phosphates could only be found in places where there were many birds. Nauru and Ocean Island are practically barren of bird life.

Mr. Stephen is of opinion that Ocean Island, because of traces of coral on the highest parts of the island, was submerged for a long time after it had been a refuge for birds, and that during this period, before it was thrown up again, bird life disappeared from that region.

Seventh Day Adventist Missionaries on Pitcairn island. On the left are Mr. and Mrs.

A. G. Judge, recent visitors from New Zealand; and, on the right, Mr. and Mrs. F. P. Ward, of Australia, who are stationed there.—Photo, supplied by Mrs. Ada Christian. 18 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Products of - Riverstone Meat Co. Ply. Ltd; 5-7O’Comtell• Street,. Sydney Fiji Representatives: PEARCE & CO.. LTD How close the Germans were to discovering the phosphate on Nauru was illustrated by Mr. Stephen. A photograph of two pear-shaped pieces of rock, about nine inches long, was shown. These, Mr. Stephen said, were once used generally by the natives as sinkers for their fishing lines; and the Germans, who were great collectors of native curios, eagerly seized upon these specimens of native handwork and sent them to museums back in the Fatherland. Those. innocentlooking sinkers were almost pure phosphate!

Mr. Stephen emphasised the value of the Nauru and Ocean Island phosphate to Australia and New Zealand by asking his audience to imagine what would happen if that supply of fertiliser were cut off by an outbreak of war.

Japan Could Seize the Phosphate Islands fact that the rich phosphate A islands of Nauru and Ocean Island could easily be seized by Japan, to the serious embarrassment of agricultural industry in Australia and New Zealand, was pointed out in an article in the “N.Z. Herald” on April 18: One of the great Pacific prizes Japan would attempt to secure in a war in which she and her Allies were opposed to Britain would be Nauru and Ocean Islands, with their vast phosphate deposits. The transference of the United States Fleet from the Atlantic to the Pacific may, if the natural presumption is correct, have an important bearing upon the fate of these islands should war occur.

Their vulnerability in the absence of strong naval protection is obvious.

The nearest island of the Caroline Group, formerly mandated to Japan, but now annexed by her, to Nauru, is only 400 miles away, and Nauru, like Ocean Island, has no land defences.

More important for the naval purposes of a hostile Japan, however, is the Truk Lagoon of the Carolines, 1,000 miles distant from Nauru. This lagoon has every natural advantage as a naval base. The barrier reef has a circumference of 100 miles and through it are deep channels leading to perfectly sheltered anchorages.

Many islands dot the lagoon, and a fleet could lie among them in securitv.

Should Japan be able there to maintain naval power stronger than could be sent against it, her occupation of the phosphate islands would be certain.

Japan uses large quantities of phosnhate, the average annual import being about 1,000,000 tons. She buys it in the world market, heavy supplies coming from Florida, Northern Africa and Christmas Island, with occasional shipments from Nauru or Ocean Islands. Present' economic stringency appears to have reduced her phosphate imports, but the fertiliser is necessary to maintain her primary production.

Thus, in the event of war, she would have the greatest incentive to seize the deposits which are so important to New Zealand and Australia, and make herself independent of all other sources. The money value of the prize temporarily held would be tremendous, to say nothing of the crop value of the fertiliser.

Illegally Exported!

A MAN at the Mascot aerodrome in Sydney, overhauling- one of the Carpenter aeroplanes used in the Sydney-New Guinea air service, got the thrill of his life when he came upon a hornet’s nest, made of mud, plastered on the side of the ’plane. He investigated gingerly, and found a dead hornet inside.

He found “a bright object” in the nest; and the bright object, according to an excited newspaper paragraph, turned out to be specks of gold. His interest was communicated to others, who also were satisfied that gold had thus been illegally exported from New Guinea. Residents of New Guinea, however, are asked not to accept seriously any radio broadcast to the effect that passionate goldminers from Paddington and Surry Hills make a rush to Mascot aerodrome, now, whenever a Carpenter Airways ’plane arrives from New Guinea. 20 May 16, 1 9 39—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Solomons Gold

Lively Little “Boom" in Melbourne WHEN Mr. T. R. Victor, well-known Australian mining engineer, sailed from Sydney by the “Malaita” on May 13 for the Solomon Islands, he carried with him the high hopes of a group of Melbourne companies, who have commenced a lively boom in Solomon Islands gold shares.

Also, he can count for prayers for his success from Administrative officials, planters and traders in the Solomon Islands, which is one of the few Territories wholly dependent upon copra, and which would be very glad indeed to see a profitable mining industry established.

There has been talk, for years, of a goldfield on Guadalcanal, in the Solomons, and a whole succession of companies have attempted to exploit the field. There is no doubt that gold is there, in quantities usually considered quite payable. But the difficulty of working it profitably has beaten a good many engineers.

Recently, it was reported that an English syndicate had taken over the remnants of the earlier companies, and new ground was being examined.

Late in April the Melbourne newspapers announced that new companies had been formed and registered and what appeared to be a very lively boom had commenced on the Melbourne Stock Exchange. Speculators appeared to be following Mr. Cody and Mr. Victor, who have been associated with some successful gold mines.

Solomon Gold Mines N.L. was registered to acquire an option of purchase over an area of 300 acres carrying an alleged large gold-bearing lode on Valikorta Ridge between the Tsaravonga and Soryohio Rivers, on the Island of Guadalcanal. The capital of the company is £5,000, in 1,000 shares of £5 each. 900 shares are being issued. Australian Gold Development N.L. has the right to subscribe for one-sixth (150 shares) of the 900 shares. The directors are Messrs.

Wallace H. Smith, Thomas R. Victor and P. F. Cody. Mr. Haddon A. Smith, 360 Collins Street. Melbourne, is legal manager.

Last winter, Mr. Victor visited the islands to inspect a lode proposition, but he had considered the grade to be too low. There were large deposits of alluvial gold in the vicinity, however, and he had suggested that further prospecting might disclose a rich source lode. Exploratory work had been continued, and the lode that he was about to inspect had been discovered about half a mile from the reef he had seen on his previous visit, and in the same belt of country.

This announcement, about April 25. brought another promoting company, Yellow Boy Gold Development N.L.. into the picture. It announced that it held options over 75 acres alongside that described above.

Early in May, Valikorta Gold Ridge N.L. was registered in Melbourne, to acquire from Yellow Boy Gold Development N.L. an option of purchase over prospecting areas (consisting of approximately 75 acres) and situated in the same locality as described above. Capital is £6,000 in 1,200 shares of £5 each, of which 900 shares paid to £2 are being issued to Yellow Boy Gold shareholders, A.G.D., N.L., Solomon Gold Mines, N.L., and other Melbourne interests.

Mr Victor was engaged to report on this property as well as on the Solomon Gold Mine’s area.

By May 3, Melbourne investors seemed to be going crazy about these Solomon Island speculations. They were paying £25 for Solomon Gold Mines N.L., £lB for Yellow Boy, and £7 for Australian Gold Development. The boom much resembled the kind of madness which fell upon Melbourne speculators when Fiji gold shares were put on the market. 21 Pacific Islands Mnn t h 1 y —M ay 16, 1939

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rE Governor-General of New Zealand.

Lord Galway, accompanied by Viscountess Galway, and two aidesde-campe, will sail from Auckland in H.M.S. “Achilles” on July 6, on a tour of those islands which are under the care of New Zealand.

An itinerary has not yet been published but it is understood that the vice-regal party will proceed, first, to the Cook Islands and will visit most of the Southern Cooks; thence they will go to Niue and Western Samoa; and early in August, before returning to New Zealand, they will pay a formal visit to Fiji.

New Inter-Island Ship For French Oceania From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Apr. 20. rIS photograph shows the handsome twin-screw passenger and cargo vessel, “Hiro” (formerly called the “Memory”), acquired in the U.S.A. by Mr. Lewis Hershon for inter-island service between Tahiti and the Leeward Islands (Huahine, Ra’iatea and Pora Pora). She is seen lying beside the Papeete wharf. The island of Moorea is seen in the distance.

Hitherto, voyages to and from the Leeward Islands have been expeditions of adventure and tribulation. The ancient power-schooners are essentially carriers of merchandise.

Passengers daring enough to essay the voyage, dispose themselves as best they may, in the interstices of piled-up deck cargo, and pray fervently for propitious weather. If their prayers are not heard, they undergo the perils and thrills enjoyed by early Polynesian navigators, and arrive at their destination wet, dishevelled and exhausted.

Mr. Hershon’s boat proved its seaworthiness, while sailing down the Californian Coast, when it weathered one of the worst storms of this year of formidable tempests in those waters.

The passenger accommodations offer everything that could be expected, and the traveller can now be assured of a safe, comfortable and speedy voyage. The vessel has been registered under the flag of France and has been re-christened with a Polynesian name, “Hiro”, after a famous Ra’iatea navigator who sailed these seas in the dawn of time.

FIJI GOLD 7,000 Ounces Every Four Weeks THE gold industry seems now to be very firmly established in Fiji.

There is a clean-up at the mines every four weeks, and the average is 4,000 ounces from the Emperor mine, and 3,000 ounces from Loloma.

The last four-weekly period reported showed a total production for the two mines of 7,419 ounces, and this packet, shipped recently by the “Aorangi”, was worth in Fijian currency £61,825.

The Fijian Government officials, who assisted in many practical ways in the establishment of the gold industry, now rub their hands and chuckle. They have good reason. Fiji collects from the gold exported a royalty of 6 per cent., so that the Government revenue from this source alone is now equal to between £3,500 and £4,000 per month. 22 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Utopia In East

PACIFIC Party to Make Another Start THE plan to found a model colony in the Marquesas Islands, described in this journal several months ago, has not been abandoned, as many people supposed.

It will be remembered that a party led by a Mr. Briggs left Hobart about September last, in a small vessel, for Sydney. It was understood that further members of the expedition were to be picked up in Sydney, and then the whole party was to proceed to Nukahiva, in the Marquesas Islands, where an attempt was to be made to establish a colony that would be entirely self-supporting, and cut off almost entirely from this mad world.

The Marquesas Islands have been almost denuded of their native population, and they are a beautiful and fertile territory, where Europeans may live in comparative comfort. The idea of establishing a new colony there apparently appealed to many people, because several enquiries came through the office of this iournal from persons who wished to get into immediate communication with Mr.

Briggs. Unfortunately, we were not able to supply his address—all that we knew was that the vessel had sailed from Hobart and we had heard no more of her.

We now have learned that the little vessel—it is named the “Connella” —got no further north than Bass Strait. There she encountered a gale and lost her mizzen mast. She ran into Coles Bay, for shelter: the damage was so severe that she returned to Hobart and has been there ever since.

The little ship has now been repaired and we are advised by a Hobart correspondent, under date April 20, that Mr.

Briggs and his friends are about to start out on another attempt to reach the Marquesas Islands.

The enterprise has been severely criticised on the Hobart waterfront because it is believed that none in the party has a sufficient knowledge of navigation. It appears that the seaworthiness of the vessel is also under question.

It is not known whether the “Connella”, on this occasion, will again try to reach Svdney or will make direct for French Oceania.

It will be remembered that two ot three people, who know French Oceania well, wrote to this paper when Mr.

Briggs’ enterprise was first described, and declared that the conditions In those Islands are such that it would not be possible for people, without anv previous knowledge of the Islands, to establish a self-supporting colony immediately.

Japan Knocks At The Door

Should She Hove Entry to New Guinea?

THERE are indications that the Japanese are preparing to challenge certain laws in the European-Pacific Territories, which were designed to keep Asiatics from over-running the islands.

It was announced in last issue that an attempt is being made by the Japanese Government to secure the removal of some of the restrictions which are placed upon the entry of Japanese into the Mandated Territory of New Guinea. The Japanese say that they consider that their commercial travellers should be allowed to enter New Guinea for limited periods.

It is reported from Auckland that a Japanese business man named Ikawa, who had spent a I holiday in Fiji, has protested against the colour line being drawn against him in Suva. He says that at a picture theatre he was compelled to take a seat in the cheaper part of the theatre, among the natives, although there were several vacant seats in the part where he wanted to go. He said, also, that after he had been sun-bathing at the Municipal swimming baths, in Suva, he was asked not to use the baths again. Anyone who knows Fiji knows that the relations between the different communities are of a delicate character. It is certain that no European in Suva wishes to place humiliating conditions upon the Asiatics, whether Indians or Japanese, A radio report reached residents of New Caledonia to the effect thati the Japanese were making applications to settle in New Guinea, and caused considerable alarm, No such application has been made. It is evident that the mind of the radio cornmentator had been confused by the report that the Japanese wanted freedom for their commercial agents to enter New Guinea.

If Australia is inclined to agree to the latter proposal, she should see to it that Australian commercial travellers have exactly the same right to enter the Caroline and Marshall Islands. Actually, Europeans are kept out of the Carolines and Marshalls much more sternly than Japanese are kept out of New Guinea. 23 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M ay 16, 1939

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A Demand For

DEFENCES Public Meetings in New Guinea PUBLIC meetings are being held in New Guinea to demand, first, that some lead be given to the European population as to the steps to be taken to defend themselves in the event of a war suddenly breaking out; second,. to urge upon Australia the need for annexing New Guinea, and thus putting an end to the disadvantageous terms of the Mandate.

Speakers at the meetings, especially in Rabaul and Wau, showed a typical Australian unwillingness to sit quiet and do nothing when they believe there is a call to action.

The driving force behind this movement is Mr. H. T. Allan, president of the New Guinea Mining Association, who had a distinguished record as a soldier, and who has a reputation for fighting hard for whatever he believes in. He was ably supported in the Wau meeting bv Mr. Harold Taylour and Hon. Norman Neale. Those who were associated in the Rabaul meeting with Mr. Allan were Hon.

R. L. Clark, president State Branch, R.S. and S.I.L.A. (chairman), Mr. Dyson Hore- Lacy (vice-president Planters’ Association), Mr. W. L. Heron (R.S. & S.I.L.A.

Executive), Mr. R. H. Forsyth (secretary Property Owners’ Association), Mr. S. E.

Costelloe (secretary Citizens’ Association), and Messrs. E. G. Mac Adam, W. R. B.

Thomas and S. Farnsworth.

Mr. Allan And Government

HOUSE A LITTLE bird whispers that Mr. Allan is out of favour at Government House, Rabaul. His visit to Canberra, to demand action in regard to the Wau-Salamaua road, although it got results, was resented in high official circles; and his activity in regard to New Guinea defence needs is thought, by some, to be a reflection upon the wisdom and vision of those responsible for administration.

“Feeling has been pretty warm,” says one correspondent, “but may calm down, now that Mr. Feldt has become president of the Returned Soldiers’ Association.

Where Mr. Allan was indifferent to the tender feelings of Government House, Mr.

Feldt, being an official, naturally will work along more constitutional lines.”

South Seas

BAROMETER Annua! Reports of Burns Philp Companies r:E annual reports of Messrs. Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., and Messrs.

Burns, Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd., were issued during the month, and each shows a steady condition of trade throughout the Pacific Territories. The first company controls the shipping operations of the Burns Philp group, and all the trading operations in Australia, Papua, and New Guinea. The second company covers the trading operations in the island groups to the eastward — namely, Solomons, New Hebrides, Norfolk Island, Tonga, Fiji, New Zealand, and Samoa.

The following table shows that the profits earned by the companies compare favourably with those of recent years, and that there have been no marked changes in trading conditions: — One point made by the directors’ report is that the steadily increasing cost of running vessels has a tendency to reduce net earnings, but the amount of trade handled by the ships was satisfactorily maintained. It is noted that where, in previous years, the major company regularly put £75,000 per annum to reserves, on this occasion it has added only £25,000 to reserves, and has used the remaining £50,000 to create a special war risk insurance fund. A significant sign of the times. 24 May Ifi, 1 9 39—Pacific Islands Monthly

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SINCE writing last month there is not a great deal to report, apart from the political situation. There has been very little change in the whole range of prices of oilseeds.

There is a disposition on the part of the sellers and buyers to hold off the market. The consumers’ demand for copra has been, if anything, below normal and, in the early part of the month, there was a tendency for prices to be a little easier. At the time of writing, however, some improvement is apparent and prices are hardening.

The British Government bought 120,000 tons of whale-oil as a war reserve—a purchase that was more or less anticipated.

In the event of a European war, it is assumed in reliable quarters that Government machinery would be put into operation to buy and control distribution of oil-seeds. There is reason to believe that the necessary organisation is already planned, just as it is for other commodities.

As to market conditions on the Continent, Messrs. H. M. P. Faure inform me that Germany also has been buying, but less than normally. Her purchases of copra have been mainly confined to Dutch East Indies copra, which is largely bought through the German-Dutch clearing exchange. Tightness of foreign exchange has limited her purchases of other grades of copra.

Trade purchases of oil seeds in general have been almost entirely confined to near positions. Business in forward shipments is of small dimensions, and the policy generally adopted by traders is one of caution on account of the uncertain political situation. This policy of caution is putting severe limits on business.

Everybody in the trade is awaiting Hitler’s reply to Roosevelt’s proposal, and pending that reply, the commodity market remains non-committal, with the future trend uncertain.

Fiji Town'S Poor Water

SUPPLY AGITATION for a purer water supply for the town of Nausori, in Fiji, has been commenced.

The plea that has been made on behalf of the Indian population—which represents the largest part of the population of Nausori —indicates that something should be done. The people now depend on tanks and wells. During the drought seasons, when tanks are depleted, they get water from the Rewa River, which is impure. The wells also dry up, at times, and again recourse is had to the Rewa. In flood seasons, the water from the river comes pouring in and fouls the wells, and a sure foundation is laid for typhoid fever and similar diseases.

There is plenty of fresh water in the Rewa River. It should not be a difficult or expensive matter to take a supply of this water, through filters and purifiers, to the town. Such a system is followed in many places in the dryer regions of Australia. 25 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1989

CRICKET.

SALAMAUA.

First Innings.

Irwin, c Rich, b Dennis . .. 16 McQueen, b Rich . .. 6 Cummings, b Dennis . . . 10 Condy, b Davies . . . 58 Smith E., c Vernon, b Latchford . . . . . . 57 Lambert, c Davies, b Latchford . . . 7 Koskey, c Goodwin, b Latchford . .. 7 Banham, stp Rich, b Davies . . . 21 Stedman. c Dennis, b Davies . .. 14 Hurle, c Vernon, b Davies ... 11 6’Parrel, not out 37 Sundries 7 Total 251 BULOLO. 1st Innings.

Blencowe, c Banham, b Smith .. ,. . . 91 Davies, stp Banham, b Smith . . .. .. .. 99 Plumb, c Steadman, b Lambert .. . . . . 38 Rich, b O’Farrell .. .. 15 Dance, c Condy, b Hurle . . . . 8 Goodwin, not out .. . . 51 Colclough, b Cummings .. .. 41 Vernon, b Cummings . . . . 0 Ritchie, c Banham, b Condy .. .. . . .. 5 Dennis, b Condy . . .. 6 Latchford, l.b.w, b Condy . . .. 1 Sundries .. .. 21 Total .. ..439 IT IRONS ANYWHERE. No more bending over a hot stove. You can iron on the porch or in the shade of a tree where it’s cool! A Coleman Iron will smooth the way with easy work on ironing day.

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Fiji Representatives; Pearce & Co. Ltd.

C01e131913

Sport On New Guinea

GOLDFIELD VISITORS from all the Morobe towns gathered in Bulolo on Easter Saturday, Sunday and Monday, and fought for the Levien Trophy. Salamaua, the holders, bit the dust, and the trophy now graces a Bulolo mess-room. Points scored were: — Bulolo 128 Salamaua 116 Lae .. .. 92 Wau 88 Edie Creek 56 The Bulolo community gave their guests, in addition to a defeat, a right royal time. The entertainment included a ball, a cinema, a buffet social and supper and numerous parties. The Trophy was formally presented by Mr. K. McGregor (president of the Association) and received, for Bulolo, by Mr. O. B. Hart.

Principal scores were:— SNOOKER.

Gibson 117, beat Smith, E., 65.

Glllingwater 85, lost to Weine, 93.

Regent 109, beat Sedgers 47.

Johns 91, beat Parkinson 84.

Bulolo won 3 matches to 1.

Bowling.—Rich, 1 for 2; Plumb, 0 for 19; Latchford 3 for 53; Dennis 2 for 22; Davies 4 for 99; Goodwin 0 for 48.

Bowling.—O’Farrel 1 for 65; Hurle 1 for 38; Lambert 1 for 46; Cummings 2 for 48; Kosky 0 for 16; Smith 2 for 95; McQueen 0 for 14; Condy 3 for 6.

TENNIS.

Johns and Blestowe beat Pearce and Austin, 6/3, 6/4.

Fraser lost to Austin, 2/6, 6/3, 1/6.

Blestowe beat Norris, 6/1, 6/1.

Gibson beat Pearce, 6/4, 5/6, 6/4.

Walby lost to Cooke, 5/6, 6/4, 3/6.

Bulolo won by 4 matches to 2.

BILLIARDS.

Gillingwater 131, lost to Weine 150.

Gibson 150, beat Smith, E. 138.

Ekhart 150, beat Sedgers 133.

Smith, A. 150, beat Cummings 52.

Bulolo won by 3 matches to 1.

THE BULOLO CRICKET TEAM.—Left to Right—Standing: J. (Ritchie, R. Dennis, C. D. Colclough, J. Goodwin, M. Rich. Seated: E. Latchford, H. Davies, R. Plumb (Capt.), R. J. Blencowe, T.

Huxley, J. Dance. 26 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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H.C. For Western

PACIFIC Visit to N. Hebrides, Solomons and Gilbert and Ellice SUVA, Apr. 20.

THE High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, Sir Harry Luke, intends to visit a number of the territories in the Western and Central Pacific in June and July; and according to present plans, his itinerary will be:— May 24.—Leave Suva in small British warship.

May 27.—Arrives Vila (New Hebrides).

Proceeds to visit Pauma, Bushman’s Bay, Baldwin’s Cove, Segond Channel, Lolowai, Hog Harbour.

June 9 (about).—ln Solomon Islands.

Visits Santa Anna, Kirakira, Aola, Tulagi, Royalist Harbour, Auki.

June 26. —Arrives Ocean Island. Proceeds to visit islands in the Gilbert and Ellice Group, including Tarawa, Abemama, Beru, Vaitupu, Funafuti.

July 24.—Returns to Suva, via Rotuma.

Mr. Ray Parer, well-known New Guinea aviator, arrived in Sydney from the Mandated Territory by the April “Bulolo”.

Noumean Flour Trade

Mav Be Stopped at Any Moment RETURNING from Noumea recently, Mr. George Step, managing director of C. Sullivan, Ltd., Sydney merchants, held out little hope for the retention of Australia’s trade in flour with New Galedonia. The surplus in Prance had led to the French Government passing a decree that all Colonies must import flour from j i v,r,mpi£md- because of its distance the homeland, because oi its distance from France, New Caledonia had been allowed to continue buying Australian flour for the time being, but it was necessary to get special permission for each consignment—and it was feared that this arrangement would not continue. His company exported 7,000 tons of flour a year to New Caledonia, where they did not want the French flour, because of the deterioration which occurred during the long voyage.

Rev. G. T. Warren, formerly of the Melanesian Mission station <at Maravovo, has taken up work in the parish of St. Martin’s, Croydon, England.

A photograph of the Levien Trophy. It is a finely executed model of the New Guinea native carrier on the track. It was in this way that New Guinea pioneers paid tribute to the natives who provided the transport system which made the establishment of the Morobe Goldfield possible. See opposite page. 27 Pacific Islands Monthl y — M ay 16, 1939

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Representation in Papua and New Hebrides.

W. R. Carpenter & Coy. (Solomon Is.) Pty. Ltd.—Tulagi, British Solomon Islands.

On Chong & Company Pty. Ltd.—Butaritari, Gilbert & Ellice Islands. 28 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

wavvv£W.v.;£sw.v.v.;.v .>j iwm VIIkCTORIA BI Ti lR Si m bSSs r AMI ■

Oil Search In

New Guinea

Combined Companies to Spend £250,000 THE large organisation created by Papuan Oil Developments, Ltd., to search for oil in the Territory of Papua during the past two or three years, has now been completely broken up. All the equipment has been sent away and most of the staff have already departed for fields of activity in other parts of the world controlled by the Royal Dutch-Shell group. It is estimated that P.O.D. spent over £400,000.

The departure of P.O.D. has not caused much change in Papua because of the increasing activities of the large staff introduced by Australian Petroleum Co., Ltd.—generally known as A.P.C. The responsible heads of this big organisation are openly confident that they will find oil in commercial quantities in Papua and New Guinea. They think that they have the country that holds the oil—and they are sympathetic to P.0.D., who had the bad luck to be allotted areas in which, despite many indications, oil in commercial quantities is not to be found.

THE future of Papuan Apinaipi Co., is arousing some speculation. The value of the latter company’s leases, of course, cannot be discussed— some people think that they have excellent prospects of success—but the opinion is widely held that the capital of the company is too small for the purpose it has in view. It is pointed out that under modem conditions, such far-reaching operations are required to locate oil with any certainty, that they can be undertaken only by organisations with almost unlimited capital. If the Apinaipi country has the value that some think it has, it would not surprise this writer to see a move made for the amalgamation of Papuan Apinaipi Company with one of bigger companies.

PLANS OF THE A.P.C.

K USTRALTAN Petroleum Co., Pty., Ltd., J\ and Islands Explorations Co., Pty., Ltd., now are under the one general manager (Mr. C. Saunders) and nn April 19. after r° f timing from the Territories, he said that his companies were going ahead with the utmost speed in an intensive search for oil.

“To expedite operations.” said Mr.

Saunders, “mv companies, during the last few months have established an up-todate geological headouarters in Port Moresby comprising geological drawing offices. photographic and palaeontological laboratories, and a photo-interpretation section to compile maps from aerial photographs. The country admittedly is difficult, and local resources scanty, but, in spite of all the disabilities inherent in a campaign, good progress is being made.

“Three aeroplanes have been engaged on an aerial survey of Papua since November, and an area amounting to more than 5.000 square miles has been photographed. These photographs are being examined and co-ordinated in order to produce the necessary maps to aid the geologists in determining the most suitable structures as a preliminary to initiating a drilling campaign. It is expected that a site for the commencement of drilling operations will be selected toward the end of the year. With this in view, orders are being placed for necessary equipment in England and the United States.

“The aerial survey work,” continued Mr.

Saunders, “which so far has been confined almost entirely to Papua, will now be transferred to New Guinea, where weather conditions at this time of the year are more favourable for aerial photography.

“The total white staff employed in the territories numbers 120, and comprises geologists, geophysicists, surveyors, engineers and other technical and nontechnical staff. Coastwise and river transport is provided by four large Diesel-driven vessels and four 30ft. motorlaunches, besides canoes and smaller units.

“Our plans contemplate that during 1939 at least £250,000 will be spent on surveys and drilling in our areas held under special permits.”

Operations In New Guinea

ANEW aerodrome has been constructed at Tadji, near Aitape, New Guinea, with hangar and quarters for the staff operating the air survey programme of A.P.C., Ltd. Two aeroplanes are engaged photographing the Sepik River district, using this new aerodrome as base.

Mrs. Mollie Lett, of Port Moresby, left Sydney for Papua by the “Bulolo” on April 29, after spending five months’ holiday in New South Wales and Victoria.

Hon. J. Craig, Financial Secretary and Colonial Treasurer of the Fiji Civil Service, has been appointed to act as Colonial Secretary. 29 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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"Sell Guam To Japan!"

AMERICAN politicians are arguing, still, about the U.S. Navy’s request for “improvements” in Guam Harbour.

So far, the request has been refused.

In an editorial, the “New York Daily News”, largest circulating newspaper in U.S., suggested: “Instead of tempting Japan to snuff out Guam with bombs before we can build it into something really big and menacing, why not give up the whole idea?

The Philippines are our weak salient — our neck stuck out in the Pacific where it has no right. Let’s concentrate on defending our own side of the Pacific. Let’s sell Guam—if Japan will buy it. Let's speed permanent and complete United States freedom from the Philippines.”

That reflects about what 60 per cent, of what Americans think—that is, those who think about it.

Last Of The Grubbs

Death Writes "Finis “ to Romantic Story of South Seas ON April 4, there died at the Patou Memorial Hospital, Port Vila, Henry Grube, senior partner of the wellknown firm of Henry Grube & Son, Ambrim, and the last surviving member of the German family that had been identified with the New Hebrides for 35 years.

Soon after the death of his son, the junior partner, in June of last year, Henry Grube became ill, and he had been on the sick list ever since. Finally, he was brought to Vila Hospital, where he died a few days later.

The association of the Grube family with the New Hebrides forms quite a romantic tale and receives a fitting setting in the fantastic South Seas.

The first bearer of the name to settle in the Islands was Wilhelm Grube who, 45 years ago. discontented with his cramped life in Germany, ran away from his home and signed on with a British schooner bound from Hamburg to New Zealand. After the disciplined life of Germany he revelled in the untramnelled environment of the British overseas dominion and became a naturalised British subject, a fact of which he was proud to the end of his days.

After working for some years as a gumdigger, he seized a chance of going to the New Hebrides, and in the free and unfettered life of the islands he felt at home, and found the atmosphere that suited his wild, untameable nature. From the day of his arrival in 1902, until his death 12 years later, Wilhelm Grube, of Paama, was a bizarre and picturesque figure, typical of the traditional South Seas, and was generally regarded as a sort of Bully Hayes of the New Hebrides.

On leaving Germany, Wilhelm could not speak a word of English, and the vocabulary he acquired on his long voyage to New Zealand contained a liberal assortment of oaths; and to the end of his days he could not speak without the aid of these expletives. In the presence of Government officials and missionaries he tried to conform to conventional speech, but the effort cramped his style and made him speak with a stutter. In spite of the teaching of correct English in the Mission schools, the natives of Paama michievously copied his style, and spoke an extraordinary jargon of English. Despite his unconventional ways, Wilhelm Grube had a big heart, and was liked by everybody, His energy and industry were boundless, and he succeeded in building up a flourishing business on the islands of Epi, Paama and Ambrim.

YEARS passed; and, in Germany, nothing had ever been heard of Wilhelm Grube. He was accounted as dead by every one except his old mother, who never gave up hope that her wandering son would one day turn up.

Twenty-five years after his departure, a registered letter, with a foreign stamp and a fat money order, arrived, and sent the old lady into the third heaven of delight. In the quiet Holstein village, the news spread quickly that their runaway fellow-villager, Wilhelm Grube. had reformed and was now a rich and prosperous planter in the South Seas.

With a view to helping his impecunious relatives and friends, Grube brought out from Germany to the New Hebrides his 30 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Special Islands Prices From £l9/10 n m m A 1 5* PHILIPS LAMPS, VALVES, RADIO, X-RAY, TRANSMISSION, ETC. brother, Henry Grube, now deceased, with his wife and son, and four other adventurers —making 7 in all. They left Germany thinking that they were bound for El Dorado. The spectre of a South Sea Bubble never once crossed their horizon, and they journeyed out with exalted hopes and expectations. The Captain and officers of the B.P. steamer that conveyed them from Sydney to the New Hebrides might easily have dissipated the illusion under which they laboured, but they disclosed nothing about the picturesque white savage whose guests and employees they hoped to be.

ON the arrival of the steamer at Paama the stage was set for one of the most comical situations ever enacted in real life. The first sight they had of their patron gave even the phlegmatic Germans a shock and rendered them speechless.

As he climbed the gangway, and stood on the deck of the old “Tambo”, with leviathan bare feet, unshaven face, long hair, and shirt open to the waist, exposing a black, hairy breast, Wilhelm Grube looked more like a grisly Russian bear than a member of the proud Aryan race.

On going ashore, a still further surprise awaited them. The household in which they had expected to live in tropical comfort was a kind of harem, with a bevy of South Sea Islands ladies running the establishment, and living and eating like princesses.

Partly from pride in his British citizenship, and partly from a desire to establish a German colony in the New Hebrides under the Union Jack, the first thing the elder Grube did, on the arrival of the immigrants, was to register them as British subjects under the Condominium. At one jump, the diminutive British population in the New Hebrides leaped up by 7.

Co-operation between such incongruous elements was impossible, and it was not long before trouble and dissension arose.

Henry Grube, the new arrival, appealed to his gone-native brother to remember that he was a German, and to return to a civilised mode of life.

But Wilhelm was wedded to his habits and, rather than part with his harem and associated extravaganza, he allowed his relatives to depart and go their own way.

Wilhelm did not long survive the advent of his relations and friends. Indeed, he was already in the grip of tuberculosis when his friends arrived.

So there was no alternative but for Henry Grube & Son to embark on trading operations on their own account, in the field already occupied by Wilhelm. With true German thoroughness, they persevered in the face of great odds, and succeeded, in establishing one of the most successful and best-paying trading stations in the New Hebrides.

Willy, the junior partner, died in June of last year, thus predeceasing his father, Henry, by less than a year.

Father and son belonged to the best type of German colonists— hard-working, kindly, neighbourly—and they gained the respect and friendship of natives and Europeans alike.

A Labour Of Love

Papuan Plantation Sold

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Apr. 15.

COCONUT plantations are not easily sola in these days; but Mr. F. W.

Clark, who first came to Papua some twenty years ago, has disposed of his estate at Koaru to the London Missionary Society at a satisfactory price, and is leaving the Territory.

Dr. J. R. Turner, M. 8., Ch.B. (N.Z.), has been seconded from the Gilbert and Ellice Islands group to the British Solomon Islands.

A photograph of the church of the Roman Catholic Mission at Avuavu, Guadalcanal, British Solomon Islands, opened in May, 1938. A peculiarity of the building is that the whole framework is made of native wood, which had to be squared and planed by the natives under the direction of a lay brother, as there was no sawmill at the station. Dimensions—length, 90 ft.; breadth, 48 ft.; height of the tower, 60 ft. It is one of the biggest timber churches in the Solomon Islands. 31 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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Fatal Accident In

SALAMAUA, T.N.G.

A FATAL accident occurred in Salamaua, New Guinea, on April 25.

A blow-out occurred in the tyre of a motor lorry on which Mr. Leonard Joiner, manager at Salamaua, for Mrs.

Allen Innes & Co., and Mr. Thomas Bayliss, the well-known mine owner in the Bulolo district, were riding. The vehicle overturned and both men were very badly injured. Mr. Joiner suffered a fractured skull and died within three hours.

He was a returned soldier and had been in New Guinea for about eight years, and was well-known and well-liked.

Mr. Bayliss was attended to in the Salamaua Hospital, but it was soon seen that he required expert attention, and he was sent to Sydney in a Carpenter Airways 'plane, which left Salamaua three days later. Two seats were removed from the 'plane and a cane lounge chair installed, and on this Mr. Bayliss travelled fairly comfortably to Sydney.

Mr. Allen Innes was in Sydney, and on the point of leaving on a holiday tour in the United States; but, on learning of the death of his Salamaua manager, he immediately cancelled his arrangements and left for New Guinea by the “Bulolo” on April 29.

Mr. John Hartnell Campbell, late of Ryde, N.S.W., and Miss Florence Sarah Binskin, daughter of Mr. J. K. Binskin, of Bagga, Solomon Islands, were married at Mundi Mundi, Vella Lavella, British Solomon Islands, on February 16, by Pastor A. L. Pascoe, of the S.D.A. Mission.

Bishop Vesters

Retirement Announced ADVICE has been received at the headquarters of the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart in Sydney that the Most Rev. Dr. Gerard John Vesters, M.S.C., Vicar Apostolic of Rabaul, has resigned owing to ill-health.

Pope Pius XII, in accepting the resignation of Dr. Vesters, has bestowed on him the title of Assistant-Bishop at the Papal Throne, as a mark of appreciation of his work in the Vicariate of Rabaul during the past 16 years.

Dr. Vesters, who is expected in Sydney shortly, was consecrated in Vunapope, by the then Apostolic Delegate, Archbishop Cattaneo, on August 5, 1923. Last year, in recognition of the help he gave during the Rabaul eruption, he was awarded a British distinction.

The Vicariate Apostolic of Rabaul was placed under the direction of the Sacred Heart Fathers in 1881.

Fiji Cyclone

Suva Escapes Again, But Rain Damages Crops FOR the second time within a few weeks, Suva missed a cyclone by the proverbial whisker.

A warning that a hurricane was approaching from the north was issued on the evening of April 5; and a gale commenced 24 hours later. But the real storm swung away out to sea, and passed south of Suva. No damage was done.

Gales and torrential rains—frequent since January—have seriously affected the Fijian banana crop, however, and owing to floods it is anticipated that the sugar crop this year will be greatly reduced.

Name.

Village.

Crime. Sentence.

Olesa Lapaha.

Burning an- 12 strokes, other native.

Jione Aisea.

Kolovai Stealing. 1 year.

Seini Moala. Girls’ College.

Forgery. Probation, Latu.

Tokomololo.

Rape. 3 years.

Sefo.

Lapaha Rape of 7 child. years.

Toupili, Tatakamotoga.

Malicious 3 wounding. years.

Mataele.

Nukualofa.

Assault and 3 battery. months and 2 strokes.

Asipa.

Haasini.

Sexual inter-9 course by trickery. months.

Tavake.

Attempted 2 rape. years.

Uliti Palu.

Nukualofa.

Perjury. 3 years. 4 £.

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"Civilisation And

PROGRESS"

What is Happening to the Young Tongan?

Letter to the Editor IMMEDIATELY following is an extract from a speech delivered in the Tongan Parliament on high authority a few years ago (1927): — “While we are endeavouring to make this little country keep pace with larger countries in civilisation and progress, in those things which add to its wisdom, development and well-being, it cannot be achieved by lying down, or sitting still, or even standing; but we must step out and continue stepping out, and indeed run, if we are to achieve the prosperity and condition we desire.”

As an indication of how this policy is working out, the following are a few of the cases which came up for hearing in the Supreme Court of Tonga before the Chief Justice (Mr. W H. Stuart) at the March, 1939, sittings;— This is what a hopelessly wrong system of education and lack of discipline is doing for the Tongan. The cinema, no doubt, is a contributing factor and the complete ignorance of both teachers and parents in bringing up native children is another.

The youth of Tonga is now far advanced on the road to “civilisation and progress”, according to their own standards, and the distance they have travelled in a few years should satisfy the most ambitious! The outlook for the men and women of to-morrow is appalling.

I am etc., PERTURBED.

Nukualofa, March 11, 1939.

Mrs. Martha Compain, wife of Mr.

Charles Compain, of Fiji, recently died at Ellington.

Miss M. B. Shah, of Fiji, has been awarded a scholarship for nursing, tenable in India.

Mr. and Mrs. Cleveland Putnam, of U.S.A., who were in Sydney in April, intended to charter a yacht in which they will travel across the Pacific to Tahiti.

Mr. J. A. Cattell, who was merchandise manager for Messrs. Bums, Philp &’ Co., at Makambo, Solomon Islands for some years, is now managing a general store at Tullibigeal, N.S.W.

Errol Flynn'S Yacht Is

DETAINED From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Apr. 11.

RESIDENTS of Papua and New Guinea will be interested in another page in the adventurous career of their late neighbour, the Tasmanian-born movie star, Errol Flynn.

Aliens in the United States are not anowtu io possess and operate in U.S. waters water-craft over a certain size.

Flynn is an alien.

Flynn’s racing yacht, “Sirocco”, cost him a reputed 25,000 dollars. That’s nice publicity, but Uncle Sam is interested in another angle.

The “Sirocco” is over 60 feet in length, the maximum allowed aliens, and is listed at 31 tons. This is something which our old friend may not be able to talk himself out of.

Meanwhile, the yacht is carrying a U.S.

Federal plaster, which means “no sailing for Errol”.

Samarai Victorious

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Apr. 18.

PORT Moresby was pleasantly enlivened during the Easter holidays by a visit from the Samarai cricket team, who came to re-establish their right as holders of the Challenge Shield presented by Sir Hubert Murray in 1911.

They made the journey on a 20-tons launch and were 36 hours on the way.

But, though weak, they were keen, and they won the match and tightened their hold on the Shield which has been in their keeping since 1932. They owed their victory principally to smart fielding and the fine batsmanship of Turner and Bunting. They not only took the Shield away, but also the three trophies presented by Burns, Philp & Co., the B.N.G.

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American Samoa

Prom Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 20.

GOVERNOR E. W. Hanson, of American Samoa, has been promoted to the rank of Captain in the U.S.

Navy. During his short term of office, Captain Hanson has been well liked by the people of Eastern Samoa.

The U.S.S. “Ontario”, with an American naval station party on board, is to visit Apia in May. A team of 8 men and women tennis players is to compete for the Inter-Island Tennis Championship and the Ernest Reid Memorial Cup, which was won last year by the Western Samoan team.

Last year’s copra exports from American Samoa amounted to 800 tons. The only other exports from the territory are mats, baskets and other island curios.

The American Naval Administration has imposed a sales tax of 3 per cent, on all dutiable imports in Eastern Samoa in addition to the import duty of 15 per cent. The proceeds will be used to increase the copra price paid to Samoan producers.

M. Harris arrived in Rabaul. New Guinea, by the last “Neptuna”. She is a Methodist missionary.

Mosquito Pest

Some Common breeding Places THERE is no malaria in Fiji; and Dr.

S. R. Baxter, Fiji Medical Officer of Health, in an article in the “Agricultural Journal”, suggests that Fiji thereby is unlucky. If the mosquitoes did carry the fever, some concerted attack would be made against them, and Suva would not have to endure the plague it now knows.

Incidentally, Dr. Baxter says that the anopheles mosquito (malaria carrier) does not exist in the Group. This is a surprising statement. It has been said, more than once that the anopheles is in Fiji and Samoa, just as it is in Northern New South Wales; but, for some mysterious reason, it has never introduced malaria to those groups, nor to sub-tropical Australia.

Dr. Baxter lays much emphasis on the ease with which mosquitoes breed in and near human dwellings, if there is carelessness in leaving stagnant water for them. “It is an undoubted fact that if your house is pestered with mosquitoes, you can always find their breeding place, if you look for within 100 yards. I cannot stress this fact too strongly.”

The doctor gives a list of places where he has found mosquitoes breeding in Suva. His warning applies to every community in the Islands.

Water in receptacles under legs of meat safesr—usually in kitchens.

In drums, tins, coconut shells and old motor tyres in private grounds—especially if overgrown with weeds.

In water tanks, in institutions such as schools and hospitals.

In drums, drain pipes, old machinery and lorry parts stored by contractors.

The most prolific source I found in Suva was the old town septic tanks, near the new Government Buildings. I am not exaggerating when I say these contained millions of mosquito larvae.

In a punt on a slipway. Any vessel left open to the rain is likely to breed mosquitoes after a week or so. The punt was practically solid with mosquito larvae.

In ponds in private grounds. In plates under ferns ®n the verandah of a prominent hotel. In flower-bowls in private houses.

In flower cases and open graves at the cemetery.

In holes in trees. The main offenders in Suva are “ivi” trees, old flamboyante trees, bamboo clusters, pawpaw trees, in cut banana stumps and in banana leaves left on the ground.

In holes in swampy ground left by cattle trampling about.

In obstructed and sagging roof gutters in private houses.

Rev. A. C. Cato, of Fiji, is at present in Melbourne on furlough. He is a Methodist missionary.

Dr. Brossier, formerly stationed at Santo, New Hebrides, has been appointed to Hienghene, New Caledonia.

Mr. H. H. Jurgens, of Rabaul, New Guinea, is at present en route to Belgium by the “Stassfurt”. 34 May 16, 1 9 39—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Uncle Sam Says

“Hands Off”

Sudden Return of American Fleet to Pacific ACTION without precedent in United States naval history was taken on April 16, when the President suddenly ordered the whole of the United States Fleet (except the customary Atlantic squadron) to proceed via tne Panama Canal to the North-western Pacific.

It is stated unofficially, but probably correctly, that the Intelligence Service of U.S.A. had informed Washington that, if there were serious developments in Europe (involving Britain ana France), tne Japanese fleet would attempt to seize territory in the Dutch East Indies area. (It is worthy of note that this very development was forecast in the P.1.M., published on April 17.) The United States refused to make any explanation: but it is clear that America will not permit Japan to seriously disturb the status quo in the Pacific and probably make a common cause with the democracies against any attempts by the dictators to dominate free countries.

The American fleet was removed from the Pacific early in the year, and was engaged in leisurely movements along the Atlantic seaboard. Most of the ships were to visit New York, where a great World Fair is in progress. There were scenes of tremendous activity while 47,000 men and 120 ships were got ready for sea within a few hours.

Before the end of April, the great American fleet was back on its Pacific stations, as part of a definite American policy.

It is a development which may alter history; and, beyond any doubt, it gives a new sense of security to all European communities in the Pacific.

Japan may be permitted to over-run the Asiatic mainland—if she can; but, if she tries to grab any Pacific territories she almost certainly will be brought to account by the United States.

This Tropic Life

“DEBUNKED"

By “Tropic”

WAKING, with an effort, we don’t spring out of bed. That is too much, in this climate.

We are just shaving, with a new blade that has rusted under its coating of grease, when the breakfast bell goes.

For an instant, we have visions of a fresh juicy sausage. But the reality is a mess of fried banana —the only bit of fresh food about the place.

The sun is shining. But there is no thought of basking in its glare or reclining under a shady tree. We know too well that our labour gang does not get into its stride until we put in an appearance.

We struggle into tight putties and heavy boots and, after a strenuous morning, we get back and change our thin attire, which is wet with honest sweat.

Later, a walk takes us over to our lagoon. But, though it is really scenic at high tide, it is never blue. To-day, it is a series of mud banks And is that old cr . oo ; a J h £li ght ~ reader ‘ 111 vow he winked ai me.

Our beach is on the opposite side of the plantation; and we think of Manly and those surfing queens. Alas, the last time we looked at our southern togs, the bathing suit was a relic that the moths had enjoyed.

As darkness falls, we are reminded of the theatre, so we turn wearily to our old 4-valve set, and try to get some news from the Mecca of our dreams. The range is too great and, amid a series of crashes, due to that lightning on the horizon, a northern station tells us that potatoes are not procurable and onions are about the same price as gold. It does not matter, anyway, as our last shipments were rotten by the time they reached us.

The voice announces that the council has decided to grant a loan; and we think bitterly of what we could do with a loan, Then the copra price is announced, and the chappie says clearly that it is ninepence ha’penny a pound. Wild visions of that long promised trip, iced drinks and a trip to the Mountains, where we could breathe tiiat is? re S anc * we decide that b n j oar jt that much per ton, which is about what it is to us at the moment, There is a protesting screech from the machine as we savagely switch off. We creep under a stuffy n\osquito net.

Our last thoughts are the words of an old digger friend—“ Sydney will do me”. 35 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 19 39

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New Guineas Timber Wealth

A Pioneer's Experiences at the Hands of Bureaucracy Letter to the Editor NEW Guinea timber seems to be achieving a somewhat belated prominence; and I think it is meet that I should be allowed to be heard on the matter.

When I arrived in the Wau area, in 1924, the first thing that struck me was the wealth of timber. However, at that time I was a man without finance, and could take no action. By 1926 I had become a comparatively wealthy man, and in that year I applied, in my own name, and in the names of my wife, Mr. Wales, Mr. Everall and Mr. Miller, for 25,000 acres. With this application I deposited as fees, £275; £5O for the licence; and £5 for the permit, in each of the five applications. Note at this time there were no mining activities of any magnitude being carried on, or even projected, on the Bulolo River, which I had chosen as my transport route, for reasons which will be later explained.

Then my troubles started. I asked that the licenses be issued and I was met by a bewildering variety of excuses. First, I was told that a native owner had been discovered, and that the ground therefore was not Crown land. Upon asking again, I was told that the licenses could not issue, as there were NO native owners. Obviously utter balderdash, but effective in that I did not get the licenses.

With things in this state of fluidity, I went to England. Whilst there, I succeeded in interesting a group of very wealthy people and prominent timber concerns—one of which was Gabriel, Wade & English—and everything was set for a suitably capitalised compahy to take over the proposition, and work it effectively. In order to try and expedite matters, I radioed a power-of-attorney to my solicitor in Rabaul, Mr. Hayes: but he had no more success than I had.

The licenses were still not given out. So finally the project had to be dropped as far as London was concerned.

So I came back to Australia. In Brisbane, being ever an optimist, I formed a new company, anticipating that my rights would be eventually recognised.

The preliminary expenses, including the printing of the Articles of Association, etc., came to about £35.

WELL, eventually we got a new Administrator and a new Secretary for Mines, and things happened. Much to my delight, I got a letter, one day, from the Secretary for Mines, advising me that the Administrator approved my applications. I made a special trip to Rabaul to get the licenses, but got only the “permits”, which in themselves are valueless, although they cost £5 each. I was told I should not be able to get the licenses for some time. The Administrator was away, and I could not see him before I was compelled to return to my work.

So I went to another official to enlist his aid and this is what happened. He said to me: “You know, some people say that I accept bribes. But the whole time I have been in this office, only one man ever attempted to bribe me. And that was K .” Pointing to his coat hanging up on the wall, he said: “My coat was hanging on the wall, just as you see it now, and I had to go out for a moment. And when I came back, there was £lOO in notes stuffed in my pockets,”

Then, getting up from his chair, he said: “Excuse me. I have to go into the other room for a moment.”

This brings us to A.D. 1932. (Do not forget that my applications were made in 1926.) To advertise the timber, I made a screen of 13 pieces of 12 inches by 1 inch, alternatively 6 feet and 4 feet long, on castors, and left one side dressed and got the other side polished. I exhibited this screen to certain timber-users in Sydney, and in one day got orders for 13,000,000 super feet per annum. Then I took the screen to Canberra and with Senator Kingsmill’s permission it was placed in the Exhibition Hall in the House of Parliament, together with a frame of photographs showing the stands of timber that existed in the Bulolo Valley.

About the end of that year I came back to Rabaul, and again tried to get the much-desired licenses, and was again fobbed off with piffling subterfuges. 36 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Bankers: Bank of New South Wales. CORRESPONDENCE IN ENGLISH, FRENCH ANDJSERMAN^ AT long last, eight years after I had made the applications, I was told there was no chance of my ever getting the licenses and my fees were handed back to me. The refusal was not embodied in a letter, but by word of mouth, over the counter in the Lands Office in Rabaul. The last official letter I have on the subject is; “The Administrator approves.”

The talk of waiting for a road for transport is utter rubbish. Water transport is quite practicable.

Years ago, I commissioned Mr. Ray Parer to fly over the whole course and make an aerial survey of it, and his report was favourable. Every gorge has been traversed by a white man. The Bulolo River (the shallowest section of the route) has a flood rise of fifteen feet. The logs could travel down the river on the floods. Sections of the river could be patrolled by native labourers, with cant hooks, to deal with any beached logs. The saw-mill could be located at Labu, at the mouth of the Markham River. The logs could be turned into the Hertzog Zee, picked up by conveyors, passed through the mill, and come out at the Labu end (near the anchorage) finished lumber. Working by this method, all Australia’s requirements in softwoods for quite a few years, could be supplied.

Just one remark in conclusion. The Administration held £275 of mine for 8 high-interest years. The money was always mine as it was only a deposit, and did not become the property of the Administration until the issue of the licenses. The Administration drew interest on this amount for over 8 years, a matter of £100; but when I asked that some interest be paid to me, I met with an uncompromising refusal.

One further remark, and I am finished.

The road must come to Wau, and Wau should be the capital of North and South New Guinea.

I am, etc., CHARLES BOOTH.

Wau, New Guinea.

Pacific Yachtsmen

DURING April, two large yachts, on Pacific cruises, left Auckland for Tonga—the British yacht “Ronda”. and the American auxiliary schooner “Navigator”.

The “Navigator”. 48 tons, is owned by Mr. G. Harton Singer, a Pittsburgh banker, and he is touring with three friends. They will visit Nukualofa. Rarotonsra. Papeete and Honolulu, and many smaller ports in that general direction.

Captain and Mrs. J. E. Savage, of Rabaul, New Guinea, are at present in Sydney on long leave.

The Camera Cannot Lie!

A FRIEND in the Gilbert Islands sent this photograph. He said: “Off one of the Gilbert Islands, near the equator, in the Western Pacific, this monster was photographed raising its ugly head, less than a mile from shore.

The camera-man ventured close enough to get an unmistakeable snapshot before beating a strategic retreat into the coral shallows inshore. This monster has been seen several times in much about the same locality, though not always so recklessly inquisitive-looking as on this occasion.”

In the corner was: “Please turn over.”

We turned the photograph over, and on the back was written: “The fearsome monster actually is the fluke of an old anchor, lying on the reef off Tarawa, and partly submerged at high tide.” 37 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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“rpHEY call Samarai the jewel of the A Pacific. It is a fever-ridden hell. I would not go back there if you paid my fare. Let the niggers keep it.”

Thus Mr. J. Keegan, “who has had two years’ plantation experience at Samarai”, to Sydney “Telegraph”.

It was the same Mr. Keegan who made this statement to a reporter: “In Papua, the natives do as they like. They are uncontrollable and impudent, but you dare not touch them. While loading for the present voyage a native boy threw a passenger’s suitcase into the hold and split it open. The boatswain cuffed him. ‘Me go to Government,’ the islander said. Result —the boatswain was fined £5.”

Very Rev. Dr. J. Hannan, of Melbourne, head of the Catholic Missions in the South Seas, left Victoria recently on a world tour.

A Letter From

RABAUL Territory Gossip (Part of a private letter to the Editor, from a friend in Rabaul, dated April 8, 1939.) EASTER holidays; and so for the screed you asked me to let you have as soon as I had found my bearings in this salubrious town. Holiday time is a good time for letter-writing; there has been little doing here so far; yesterday was a veritable Good Friday, and the news of the Prime Minister’s death added to the general sadness of the place.

Any place is naturally sad when all the pubs and clubs are closed.

A dozen odd cricket “sports” sailed away on Thursday afternoon to play a test match with Kavieng. This has come an annual event and Kavieng is generally capable of showing some good cricket to the visitors. These test matches are a good idea. They foster a better inter-district spirit, the which does not exist to a very great extent just at present.

Rabaul, I find, is inclined to “look down” a bit on the out-stations, and in turn the out-stations (such at Kavieng, Salamaua and Madang) are inclined to reckon that Rabaul is too high and mighty and a little bit too much “upstage”. That is all as it may be. Anyway, inter-district sports would do much to eliminate this not-too-good spirit, where everyone should pull together for the good of the whole.

Away on a spot of holidaying-cumbusiness is the Administrator and Lady McNicoll: they sailed a wav on the luxury yacht “Dorunda” and are visiting the Baining district.

The Sepik Patrol

NO doubt you have heard that Jim Tavlor and his party have arrived safely at Wabag. the base-camp of the famous Hagen-Sepik patrol where Walsh, the medico-man. has been keeping the camp-fires burning and the teleradio radio-ing, while Taylor and Black were out “contacting” the unknown tribes around about the headwaters of the Sepik and along the Dutch border.

True is the saying about a prophet and his own country: Localities seem to take verv little interest in the expedition, except one or two to ask: “What’s it all about, and what, are they doing?” But when the publicity men get goinsr down South I suppose there will be some fine reading, equal almost to poor old Hides’s trip.

But in these days when radio and aerial transport are available, expeditions into the hinterland are not what they used to be’ more especially when, dailv. the boss rine-s up and wants to know how von’re netting on. There’s no doubt but, that, radio, as we have it these days elimiuates isolation, which was looked ur»nn as one of the hardships of old natrol Recruiters are asking whether the “contacting” of the patrol will open up new country where boys may be obtained.

At the present, every steamer that comes in brings a host of wails from these gentlemen regarding the closing of areas for recruiting. One lad said to me the other day that there were scores of natives who wanted to “make paper” but that they were not allowed to.

“What with the missionaries telling 38 May 16, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Write to Department A., England, for attractive Recipe Book. them to put away polygamy, and the Kiap telling them they can’t leave the place, the natives reckon they are having a pretty thin time. And what about interfering with the liberty of the native?” he added, and referred to a recent case which had come before the Supreme Court in Rabaul here. It does seem that this “native welfare” stunt can be carried too far; and when it definitely clashes with the development of the territory—from an economic point of view —there should be some way of arriving at a compromise.

Native Evidence

TALKING of the “deprivation of liberty” case the Chief Judge gave his summing up last week. Of course, he crossed every “t” and dotted every “i”, and laid bare to his listeners exactly how his brain functioned in arriving at his decision, when he discharged the two accused. It took him over two hours, so they say, to deliver judgment; and, incidentally. he had a tilt at the local Evidence Ordinance, where one of the sections allows witness to be questioned as to whether he had made any former statement inconsistent with his evidence in Court.

This, of course, refers to the time when the case is being prepared, both by the Crown and the defence, and native witnesses, especially, are put through a very thorough dress rehearsal. Taking evidence in cases where there are natives who do not understand “pidgin- English” is a most trying job, and to closely analyse the meaning of the words or intention of meaning which the native witness desires to convey, is almost impossible when his remarks are translated first from his own dialect!, or language, into “pidgin”, and then from “pidgin” into English by the Court interpreter. In many cases boys are asked to remember casual events which have occurred months previously.

This is bad enough for a white man many times, so how the Courts expect to get the dinkum oil from primitive natives who do not appreciate an oath it is hard to say. Anyway, the Chief Judge said in his summing up that evidence coming from an unsophisticated native could be more readily believed than from a more sophisticated one.

There’s probably a lot of truth in that, too.

Who Will Pay For The Road?

THERE is now a new topic of conversation about the local pubs and clubs; a very welcome change to the ever-present subject of international tension, and what are we going to do in Rabaul if an enemy should suddenly come round the corner of Matupi Island.

The new topic is the cost of the goldfields road. Some people seem to think that there may be anything from £50,000 to £BO,OOO to be found, and which has not been provided for—that is, if any of the money has been provided. Direct taxation seems to be the solution of the problem, and even if the goldfields crowd is correct in saying that huge sums have gone into consolidated revenue which should have been ear-marked for the road construction, that does not alter the fact that the money has been spent— and not a small amount by any means on the goldfields—in making nice, comfortable homes for the many officials who have to live there, and the making of a few roads already in that area. This expenditure would easily go into a few hundreds of thousands of pounds.

Someone suggested the other day that the road should be called the Folly Road.

I don’t exactly know why, unless it is after a certain director of the N.G.G.

“Ted” Taylor’S New Job

rD TAYLOR has arrived from Salamaua and is going to take over the duties of Acting Director of District Services. Many people are hoping that there may be a tightening up of native labour conditions locally, now that “Ted” is here.

I certainly hope so, for natives at present do practically what they like and when they like. As a result, the town is not looking the nice clean place it was a few years back, when I passed through here. Rubbish is left lying about for days; pathways on the main street are neglected, and the few pedestrians have to trudge along ruts and long grass.

There are still a few people who do not go about in motor cars—though very few —and thus the thusness of the pathways, I suppose.

Another factor, I believe, is the shortage of labour in the various Government Departments whose job it is to keep the town clean. But “Ted” most probably will have to mind his “p’s’ f and “q’s”, lest someone higher up the ladder gets a tap over the knuckles for bringing a little discipline into play. Can you imagine anyone trying to run a huge school with some three thousand pupils, without discipline? Well that’s practically what the Administration is trying to do. 39 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 19 3 9

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Fiji Night

A Sketch By "Cina"

THE half caste and I sat opposite each other on the matted floor of the bure. The faint sounds of the village came through the open doors; a, dog barked, a child cried.

“Talo,” said the old grey Fijian on my left. There was a slight stir around the kava bowl and a girl came forward yagona bowl in her two out-stretched hands, demurely. Damn it! It wasn’t the “yalewa gone” I wanted to see.

We all drank. I endeavoured to see, through the dim lamplight, the young girl who sat quietly and beautifully with others in the shadows beyond. The tapa hanging on the wall made a sharp pattern of black and white in the gloom.

All were served; a slow clapping of hands followed each draining of the coconut bowl.

The big wooden lali near the church rang out, tapping out the hour in quick successive groups of threes. Nine o’clock.

The old man on my left droned on in his never-ending “talanoa”.

Yes, she was handsome, that Marama; what a gorgeous straight back, what breasts, what delicious carriage of the dark, shadowed head.

HIGH above the Koro, in his European frame house, the Tui Kakawa lay dying of witchcraft.

All day yesterday, a white Government launch had battered through the spray-flung waves of the Koro Sea. In its cabin lay a puking Secretary of Native Affairs, with his portfolio and bottle of sea-sick tablets. At each soulheaving lurch of the boat, the S.N.A. cursed the gods who, in the beginning, elected that an island should be a piece of land completely surrounded by water.

Also he cursed all witchcraft, witchdoctors and witches, all and severally, from the far off dark doings of Astarte to Ma Shipton.

He sought to bring reason to the terrorstricken mind of the bewitched chief.

And here was I bewitched by a shadow in a corner.

Outside a native pounded kava in a wooden tabili, but quietly. Young men passed in and out without noise, fetching water, mixing the mash of the yagona.

UP in the house among , the trees the Tui Kakawa groaned in his bed. Recently he had been promoted to Government office. He was New Zealand educated, and had served in France in 1917 with a labour corps. He was a firstclass bat, a Rugger player, an after dinner speaker who. in immaculate evening dress, held all comers. A man of parts, European in all his outlook—or he thought he was, until this ancient fear crept out of the dark jungle and twined its chill fingers around his heart.

What could white men do against the jungle-witchcraft, the fatal drau-drau that had its black beginnings in the birth-place of his race—Africa? The night they had told him, he had borne the news bravely, but now it had him in its cold grip. He was dying of fear!

They had told him of the men who had gathered around his grandfather’s grave at the dark of the moon; of yagona made and libations poured on the mound; 40 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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of incantations and black prayers in the dark. Raising the dead to pursue him, raising the ghosts to chase him down the dark ways of death!

Fetch the witchdoctors —to hell with European quacks! They gave him a pain in the neck. And, by God, he had a pain in the neck!

The District Medical Officer said it was an abscess near the ear. An operation — “O, dark gods of Viti, save me! Send your priests, concoct, compound an antidote—a drau-drau stronger than those who vex my soul!”

At dead of night his witchdoctors approached the desecrated grave. Kava was made, a root of the kava plant placed upright on the burial mound. Should, said the grave-faced men, the “Takona” of kava be dry on the following morn, should the root have fallen pointing to the rising moon, nothing on earth, above or below the earth, could save the Tui Kakawa.

“Talo,” said the old man. We drank, each from our cups.

Yes, indeed! On the morn the “Takona” was empty, the root of kava had fallen.

The Tui Kakawa would die—and was dying.

Why? Because the men of the black magic, the men of the drau ni kau, of the dread drau-drau, had said so.

I LOOKED out of the door of the bure at the light burning in the chief’s house. The S.N.A. would be there, bathed and refreshed, his internal organs at rest. He would be arguing softly but emphatically with the agonised man.

“Suva Hospital—most modem treatment —soon get over it!” Sanity, sanity, all is sanity—or vexation of spirit.

Suva Hospital! Modern treatment for mediaeval sorcery! Suva Hospital, half way house to Naicobocobo. The Tui Kakawa cried silently to his gods and devils —“Tevoros” whose names even he did not know —“Tevoros” from deep down the times, from the phallus-worshiping age. He remembered seeing little ovalstone offerings in the groves. The great snake god—who, white men said, was only a Tongan adventurer. A Tongan!

Bloody fools! Help me. O gods—gods of the trees, mountains and rivers! And the great shark god of the sea, Dakuwaqa.

Looking out, we saw the long line of lanterns descend from the high house, the bearers carrying the litter through the silent village to the beach, where the white launch was waiting.

The S.N.A.’s arguments had prevailed.

“In the name of sanity,” A modern operation for a pain in the neck.

Suva bound! The S.N.A. slipped a seasick tablet into his mouth and sighed with a sense of duty well done, and with apprehension of the coming voyage.

“rpALO,” said the old man. It was “my” i. girl this time. She came and knelt before me, proffering the drink.

She was a peach—though dusky. The pressure of her little finger on mine, as I handed back the empty bowl, told me I had not waited in vain.

Later, we went our ways in the dark.

The half-caste bade me, “Goodnight”.

As I lay on the high, mat-heaped bed I wondered aloud on the strange ways of magic.

Marama, a most modern miss, closed my lips with her mouth. Her dark eyes had fear in them as she whispered, “Sa tabu, Turaga!”

"Pinched Waistlines" Of

JAPAN Prom Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Apr. 7.

THE “China Incident” is pinching Japanese waistlines.

Sixty persons in Japan paid taxes during 1938 on incomes exceeding 1,000,000 yen each, which was a gain of 20 persons on 1937.

Seven incomes exceeded 4,000.000 yen each. But here’s the waistline angle: Of the 1,657,609 persons paying taxes, 85 per cent, received incomes of less than 5,000 yen each (about £340 Australian).

And 700.000 “salaried” employees earned less than 1,500 yen (£BO Australian). Only 6 per cent, of the nation’s total of 60,000,000 souls earned more than 1,000 yen (£7O Australian).

“Incomes” under this extraordinarily low figure are exempt from Federal tax —but there are municipal and local levies made! 41 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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.;J DEATH OF FORMER G. AND E.

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Mr. Anderson, who was only 56 years of age, was first appointed to the District service in February, 1917; and, during his period of service, he had relieved the Resident Commissioner and had also acted as Administrator of Nauru. He leaves a wife and four children.

SUBSTITUTES!

Chemists Discuss Synthetic Rubber and Alternatives to Copra THERE is disconcerting material for planters in the “Chemical Engineering and Mining Review”, of March 10, 1939.

Dr. James Rubinfield, of Amsterdam, in a review of European developments, insists that synthetic substances are displacing rubber, coconut • oil, etc.

Germany is encouraging artificial rubber (buna), and it is planned that every new motor car produced in Germany shall have buna tyres.

Poland, also, is erecting plants to produce synthetic rubber.

“Already blending of the ‘national’ synthetic rubber of Dembica, now being produced from methylated spirit by a Polish process, with natural rubber, to the extent of 10 per cent., has been made compulsory in this country, and the Stomil Co. will have to use this material in tyres according to the German model.”

Referring to Holland, Dr. Rubinfield says:—“Expansion of the palm oil industry on Sumatra has made remarkable headway, so that it is taken for granted that within a short time the annual output of palm oil in the Netherlands Indies will be 250,000 tons, or halt of the world markets of this alkaloid.

“The big Ban-Indies cinchona and quinine industries have taken steps to preserve their monopolistic position on the world markets of this alkaloid.” It is indicated that cinchona plantations are developing in India, Formosa, Philippines, Belgium Congo, Australian New Guinea.

Russia, Bolivia, Peru, etc., and the Dutch are anxious about their quinine monopoly. A few years ago, they produced 97 per cent, of the world’s quinine. To-day. they have only 85 per cent.

The inclusion of New Guinea in the above list is interesting. So far as is known, the position is that the New Guinea Department of Agriculture has a large number of cinchona plants in its experimental plantation on the Ramu, but the Administration for some queer reason of its own, will not allow planters to obtain supplies of this valuable shrub.

Says Dr. Rubinfield:—“Another Dutch project of importance is the production of synthetic glycerine (of which copra is one valued source). The Dutch have large relations with international soap and margarine industries, and it mav be mentioned in passing that at Haifa.

Palestine, the putting up of a margarine plant has just been decided upon by the Unilever concern. However, the Shell Development Co., of Emeryville. California, has announced that it is, even at the present low world prices for soap lye glycerine, possible to manufacture commercial glycerine from petroleum gases (propylene, etc.), leaving a comfortable margin for profitable commercial operation. This is a very uncomfortable news for the manufacturers of oils and fats (e.g., palm-oil, copra).

It would be well to remember that this source of information is wholly scientific. The commercial chemist never will acknowledge that the synthetic product —cloth, rubber, oil, etc.—is not as good as the product of nature. But there will be, always, a market for natural rubber, vegetable oil, silk, wool, and so on. Substitutes may live; but they are indicative only of an expanding market and ever-widening consumption.

Mr. C. H. Beach has been appointed to the position of City Engineer at Suva, Fiji, after serving many years in the City Engineers’ Department at Wellington, N.Z.

Dr. E. Ford, of the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine at Sydney University, who has been making a health survey among the natives of Papua for the past nine months on behalf of the Australian Government, returned to Sydney by the “Bulolo” on April 17, 42 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Sir Basil Thomson

The Passing of Tonga's Literary ex-Prime Minister

By Eric Ramsden

ALL lovers of Pacific literature will learn with regret of the death of Sir Basil Home Thomson in London in March. Though his name is generally associated with his fascinating “The Diversions of a Prime Minister”, an amusing account of the time he spent in Tonga following the Shirley Baker debacle, he was the author of equally interesting, if not so well-known books on other parts of the South Seas.

Thomson left many good friends in Tonga. His first book, now regarded as a classic, was dedicated to George Tukuaho George Fatafehi, William Tungi and Asibeli Kubu. The majority of those he knew in the Island Kingdom have long since consumed their last bowl of kava.

Tonga is to-day a very different place to the Tonga that Thomson knew, and in laying the foundation for that measure of financial stability which the kingdom has enjoyed for so many years, he played a by no means inconsiderable part.

KING GEORGE TUBOU 11.

FOR the Tongans (over whom, for a time, he was virtually dictator), he had a genuine love. A man of wide culture, like others of similar mind, Basil Thomson was quick to grasp the essentials of their culture and treat them as gentlemen. “When I refuse to treat seriously the fatal experiment of engrafting Western customs upon their own ancient and admirable polity,” he wrote, “I am only reproducing the sense of grotesqueness with which their present hybrid institutions inspire the best of them.

Where I have laughed, they have laughed with me: what I have deplored, they have no less regretted.

Every Polynesian has a sense of humour. The- fact that Thomson was similarly equipped, was an important factor in his success among the Tongans.

Thomson was, I suppose, the finest medium of publicity that Tonga has ever known. Prior to the advent of his book (which contained a humorous review of the lighter happenings during his stay as Lord High Factotum, together with a How Mary “Told Her Soul’-an illustration from Sir Basil Thomson’s book, —See next page. 43 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

painting with > means VMai painting to STAY painted f i ftP iii i (PREPARED) dieeps on Xeeping ' • ■ >: - :1 i■■-.■la::"---V .. \ - ■ AGENTS THROUGHOUT THE ISLANDS. recital of history that is of invaluable importance to-day), the reputation of the kingdom abroad was not of the best, Scandal had succeeded scandal. Shirley Baker, for all his undoubted ability, had made the name of Tonga a by-word for corruption throughout the Pacific.

The English Administrator directed the eyes of the world towards the Tongans.

While he was in no way blind to their defects, he succeeded in arousing sympathy for their own institutions, and showed that they were in every way the equals of other and perhaps better known members of the great Polynesian family.

His “South Sea Yarns” was also published in 1894, and is a book much sought after by collectors. “The Discovery of the Solomon Islands” appeared in 1901, and the following year he published “Savage Islands” (which contained an amusing account of his return visit to Tonga). “The Fijians” appeared in 1908. Thomson also produced several works of fiction, accounts of the prisons in England of which he was later governor, and a recital of his experiences in the British Secret Service.

“The Story of Scotland Yard”, which appeared as recently as 1935, was his last book.

Civil Servants Paid

WHEN Thomson left Tonga he had revised the Code, and provided sufficient money to meet all immediate liabilities. For the first time for many months the civil servants had been paid.

For old King George Tubou I. he had a genuine affection and respect. “May God guard you!” said the King as they shook hands for the last time. “Who knows whether we shall meet again, tana? I think not, for my time is near!”

The King was right. He never again met his English Prime Minister. Eighteen months later, full of days and honour, he was carried to the Malaekula —wanting but four years to complete a century of life, But the world outside had important work for Thomson. That was in 1891.

Much can happen—even on a Pacific isle —in three years. In 1894 Thomson found Tonga divided in her councils, suspicious of her rulers, and once again financially unsound. The balance of £B,OOO in the Treasury was gone. Much of that sum had been expended in the funeral expenses of the old king. At his death all work ceased. Coconuts lay on the ground unhusked for months, and trade was at a standstill. The energy of the people was expended in the erection of the great tomb in the Malaekula for the monarch.

Things went from bad to worse. The people no longer had the strong arm of King George I. behind them, and they became more and more disinclined to pay taxes.

Thomson realised the danger to the little state. Even in Baker’s day Germany had cast covetous eyes upon the kingdom. “If, instead of hysterical professions of patriotism, the Tongans would show the very moderately patriotic feelings that prompt other people to pay their taxes,” he said, “Tonga might remain independent for generations. But with a weak Government and a divided people, how can such a little state, hemmed in by powerful and growing neighbours, maintain her independence?”

A drawing by a Tongan of the old king, George I.—Photo by Hettig. 44 May 16, 193 9—P acifie Islands Monthly

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Missionary Influence

FORTUNATELY, the rule of the goodnatured George Tubou II was succeeded in 1918 by that of his daughter, Queen Salote. Mission interests, which had always been strong in Tonga, have become increasingly powerful. Whether that is entirely advisable— either for themselves or the Tongans — is another matter. But the mission influence, however much criticised, has undoubtedly been a factor in placing the Tongans where they are to-day. It must not be forgotten, however, that behind all has been British counsel, wise and able, and those who have followed in the footsteps of Basil Thomson are entitled to credit, too.

Few books written on any Polynesian people have ever had the human appeal contained in Thomson’s “The Diversions of a Prime Minister”.

Who can forget, for instance, the story of how Mary told her soul? It is one of the most amusing accounts of the burlesque of the bolotu ever penned.

Mary Butako, long past her first youth, had shown signs of repentance for a life of sin. The author depicts the anxiety of the men of her village as bolotu after bolotu passes, and though urged to do so, Mary refrains from “telling her soul”. At last came a night when, enthusiasm passed all bounds, and as Mary rose to tell her story, man after man slunk out to spread the dire tidings among comrades in distress. As Thomson says: “A terrible and damning history fell from the lips of this penitent Phryne of the South Seas.”

Neither can be forgotten his description of the sanctum sanctorum of Baker, his predecessor in office. Into this office no Tongan had been permitted to enter in Baker’s day. Like Timothy, “Misa Beka” had advocated the use of a little wine for his stomach’s sake (though the Tongans were unaware of that fact!).

There, in his sanctum, was the mute evidence of that habit.

Incidentally, among the vouchers, he found one entered under the heading of “assassination”. For a time Thomson was puzzled. At last it dawned upon him that it was for payment to an Aucklander for repairs on a generous scale to. the carriage occupied by Baker when his life was attempted by several goaded young Tongans.

Again and again one reads with interest his descriptions of ceremonies associated with the Tongan Court. George I, a sombre figure in black, the one dignified person at the opening of his Parliament. A sovereign who had wielded absolute power after his ninetieth year was no longer interested in pomp and circumstance. But his aides-de-camp. George Finau and Taufaahau, his great-grandson, certainly were. The former donned the uniform of a British admiral, while the latter appeared as a colonel of the Defence Forces.

On one such occasion it had been arranged that a portrait of the King should be unveiled. But as soon as the Speech from the Throne had been delivered, the monarch rose and strode out as he had come—“with the air of a man who has loyally discharged an irksome duty”. The band dashed recklessly into the triumphal march from “Tannhauser”, and the senators streamed away to disrobe. The portrait was never officially unveiled, though it can still be seen by any interested visitor to Nukualofa.

Thomson had departed. His subsequent career in England, though full of promise for a time, became clouded. Nevertheless, he performed important service at Scotland Yard and in the Intelligence Branch during the war years. As recently as 1937 he was invited to Siam to reorganise the police force there.

After a long experience of a gaol governor, he, not unnaturally, became an expert on prison administration. But it was his association with the Pacific, and particularly Tonga, that provided the most colourful aspect of his life.

Son Of Archbishop

THIS son of a former Archbishop of York, who had passed through Eton and Oxford and had been called to the English bar, always retained a sincere affection for the Tongan people. In his last address to the Tongan Parliament he spoke of the vicissitudes of life that threw men into close companionship for a common work, and then separated them perhaps for ever.

“I saw that they as well as I were overcome with emotion. It was hard to part with men who had been such staunch comrades in a hard fight, knowing that in the ordinary course of the world I should never see them again.” 45 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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Bad Weather And Bananas

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 14.

OWING to the adverse weather conditions and the resulting difficulty in spraying the banana plants, the “Matua” had to leave Samoa, this trip, with a considerable shortage in her Samoan banana shipment. Instead of the full quota of 12,000 cases, only 9,500 cases were shipped.

This is the first time that such a shortage has occurred in Samoa, although Fiji, Rarotonga, Tonga and Niue have been short in their quotas for several months, as a result of the January hurricane.

Need For Labour

DISCIPLINE The Problem in New Guinea THE complaints of private employers of native labour in New Guinea appear to increase in number and volume.

The general burden of dissatisfaction both in Rabaul and at Morobe, is that the indentured natives are steadily becoming less amenable to discipline, and more inclined to defy their masters.

A correspondent at Wau says that one of the curses of the native labour system on the Morobe Goldfield is the week-end “singsing". Singsings are parties where native labourers gather, and sing and dance and eat, and on the surface they seem harmless.

But trouble lies in the fact that indentured labourers from all the innumerable districts of New Guinea—men different in race, in language and in ideas— come together at these singsings, and get to know each other very well, and despite the absence of a common language, other than Pidgin, they begin to exchange ideas. It is found that the idea most common among them is dislike of the white man, and a wish to avoid the obligations of their indentures.

The New Guinea system of native control is very strict. The officials insist that if any punishment is to be imposed upon native labourers it must be imposed by officials, and not by the private employers. Any private employer who boxes the ears of a cheeky native, or plants his boot less tenderly in the native’s stern, is liable to severe punishment. The natives know this quite well, and take advantage of it.

Machinery is provided, of course, under which employers with a complaint against their indentured labourers may bring the matter before the officials, and the officials do not hesitate to administer a term of imprisonment. But the calaboose has no terrors for the average native— he often comes back from his brief term therein fat and sleek and smiling, and more cheeky than ever. Besides that, the employer has the inconvenience of taking his undisciplined servant to Court, and also loses his services during the period in gaol.

An overhaul of the whole system of the control of native indentured labour in the Manadated Territory is overdue and urgently needed. But the overhaul must be undertaken by people who really understand conditions in New Guinea—not by Australian politicians who are cursed with the “black brother” complex.

Unfortunately, it is verv difficult to find anyone who can properly hold* the balance between those European employers who are entitled to a dependable supply of efficient native labour, and those other employers who are only too ready to exploit the unsophisticated native for their own ends.

Ship'S Doctor As Artist

Dr. Marcel Pettier, ship’s doctor on board the Messageries Maritimes vessel, “Pierre Loti”, which runs between Australia and New Caledonia, is an accomplished artist. Brush in hand, he is shown in his cabin seated before his easol, putting the finishing touches to an Islands painting with a Tahitian motif. 46 May 16, 19 3 9— P acif i c Islands Monthly

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GENTLEMEN!

An Experience With Mina Birds in Tahiti IN a tree, on the little section of Tahiti we are pleased to call our estate, live two mina birds.

The tree overshadows a small side porch where we pass many of our waking hours. Mina birds, as a rule, are saucy as jackdaws, thievish as ravens and noisy as magpies; but our neighbours are gentle folk.

Fearful, perhaps, of disturbing us, they so conducted themselves that we were unaware of their presence until one day, at the hour of afternoon tea we became conscious of gentle, low-toned sounds that were as persuasive of a courtier’s voice. Glancing up, we saw our neighbours, side by side on the lowest and nearest branch gazing longingly at the raisin bread and currant cakes beside us. We invited them to share our repast by placing some fragments along the porch railing; and that is how our acquaintance began.

Coming daily, thereafter, to our table, they have observed all the proprieties.

Never have they presumed on our hospitality by bringing in relatives and friends: although the birds of the vicinity are fully aware of the daily rendezvous, The principle of exclusive territory appears, indeed, to be a fundamental law of mina jurisprudence, the body of which is enforced by a sort of witenagemot of the tribe. Offenders are cited before this noisy assemblage and* if adjudged contumacious, are punished in a variety of ways amid much clamour.

In addition to honouring us with their company, our two friends have rendered services that are beyond price. With the assistance of their kinfolk, they have decimated or destroyed insect pests, the most intolerable of which is a native son of the golden west that came as a tourist and remained to increase and multiply—a big. wicked, bad tempered yellow wasp; much more truculent than the human membership of that great brotherhood of the West Coast of North America.

In the month of May it appears in legions, invades our houses; flying about by day, and crawling up walls and inside our mosquito bars at night, to hang in festoons of buzzing menace over our heads. A favourite evening pastime of this invading wasp is to crawl stealthily up the leg of one’s trousers and to sting lustily if disturbed. This habit causes some embarrassment when a happy evening social function is surprised by a guest suddenly bounding into the air and rushing wildly to the nearest empty room with the leaps and contortions of a dancer in the rites of Bacchus, and shouting words improper for our wives and daughters to hear.

Such scenes are now becoming rare, by grace of our friendly neighbours and their kindred.

In addition, our fruit trees are protected against a species of fruit fly (of which we hear much complaint) in return for the sanctuary we give them.

Altogether, in spite of certain deficiencies of character—which he shares with many of the human race—the mina bird is a useful citizen and well worthy of being received into our fellowship.— A.C.R.

Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Thurston, of Wewak, New Guinea, spent a holiday in Melbourne, Victoria, early in April. He is connected with planting and mining at Wewak.

AMERICANS VISIT CANTON IS.

From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Apr. 7.

THE U.S. coastguard cutter “Roger B.

Taney” returned here ' this week from a periodic visit to the American occupied Line Islands, including Canton and Enderbury.

Commander Frank T. Kenner, who led the party, reports that all is well and that there are no activities, beyond routine compilation and daily reporting of weather conditions, on any of the islands.

The British occupants of Canton were invited aboard the cutter for a taste of American foods and a programme of American movies, which was heartily appreciated by Britain’s, veteran colonists* Commander Kenner said that nothing whatsoever has been done at Canton Island, now a key base in the proposed air route from here to the Antipodes, and that much will have to be done at Canl°n before clippers of any size can use island’s lagoon. (Soon after the foregoing was sent by our correspondent, it was officially announced that Canton and Enderbury Islands would remain permanently under the joint occupation of Britain and the United States.) 47 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—M ay 16, 1939

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Hitler, The Egocentric

Londoner's Offer to South Seas Readers Who Want the Truth THE following are extracts from a letter, dated March 31, from Mr. Dudley W.

Everitt, M.P.S., 73 Duke Street, Grosvenor Square, London, S.W. 1.: — For many years I have been a regular subscriber to your excellent “P.1.M.”, and it is always refreshing to read your editorials, etc., even although they are a month or so late; a view point from the other side of the world is sufficiently detached to be of even greater value to us here than many opinions expressed in Europe.

The feeling in London, now, is in accord with that which seems to run through various articles in the “P.I.M.” — that the best of Germans (and no doubt you have a very high percentage of such in the Pacific) is a good fellow, and Britishers and he rub along together very well indeed.

But there is a great danger to us all, even Germans, that a fundamental fact may be overlooked, and that is well set out in the accompanying book, “What Hitler Wants”, by E. O. Lorimer (Penguin series). The point is that the Nazi must not be confused with the ordinary German, as we know and appreciate him.

Nazism aims at World domination and its compulsory servants, even against their will, are to be all Germans throughout the World even though they be in New Guinea, Samoa or Germany. The Nazi plan already is well advanced, not only in former German Territories, but in those of other nations.

Herewith, I am sending you a copy of Lorimer’s book. It has been only recently published, and contains references to the German seizure of Czecho-Slovakia.

It is about time we awoke to the danger that is so clearly described. In the interest of truth and honour, I am willing to send this book, free of any charge, to the first 50 of your readers who care to apply to me.

Learn The Truth For

YOURSELF!

By R. W. Robson HERE are a few questions which most of us would like to have answered clearly and truthfully: Is Hitler a new kind of Messiah, or merely a half-educated lout with a queer hypnotic power over the masses?

How can we reconcile the Germany, which screams hysterically for Hitler (the most notable pledge-breaker and liar of the century) with the cultivated and honourable Germans we know and esteem, especially here in the South Seas?

Are frightful things really going on in Germany, sufficient to cowe the spirit of the German intelligentsia, and compel them to accept the leadership of a man like Hitler?

Is there any way in which the world can rid itself of this menace, except through a major war, in which the National Socialist monstrosity in Germany will be smashed?

Are the Germans eager for war against the British? And why?

These questions, which have bothered even the best-informed of us. are answered very clearly in Mrs. Lorimer’s book, “What Hitler Wants”; and readers who would like to get a very puzzling situation into a clearer focus, should take advantage of Mr. Everitt’s generous offer.

Simply write to the address given above, and ask for a copy of “What Hitler Wants”. It is a paper edition, published in the “Penguin” series, in London, for 6d. English.

Amalgamation Favoured

ACCORDING to Australian newspapers Mr. T. W. McLaren, secretary of the New Guinea branch of the Australian Labour Party, who arrived in Sydney on April 17 from Wau, interviewed the Minister for External Affairs (Mr. Hughes) and urged the amalgamation of the Mandated Territory and Papua. “We consider it is imperative from the point of view of defence alone that amalgamation should take place,” Mr.

McLaren stated. 48 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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"La Phoque"

High and Dry on Uvea LAST advices from Uvea, one of the Loyalty Islands, were that the little motor vessel “La Phoque”, 188 tons, was still high and dry. about 100 yards above high-water mark, where she was driven by a hurricane on the night of March 25. It was then feared that, although the vessel was almost undamaged, she would be abandoned as a total loss, owing to salvage difficulties.

The “La Phoque”, which maintained a regular service between New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands, arrived in Cydney from Europe on October 28, 1937. as deck cargo on board the German steamer “Stassfurt”.

New Guinea'S Uncharted

COAST Mission Cruise Abandoned EVERY now and again some incident serves to direct attention to the fact that the coasts of New Guinea and the adjacent islands have never been completely charted, and that ship-owners send their valuable vessels into these wafers at some risk.

The Australian Board of Missions recently proposed to charter a liner and organise a special party to visit the northwest coast of Papua, on the occasion of the opening of the new cathedral at Dogura; but it announced in April that it had been compelled to abandon the proposal because of the dangers of navigation. Three steamers were bespoken, but because the waters of the north-eastern coast of Papua never have been properly charted, the naval authorities advised that the cruise should not be proceeded with.

Samarai Wedding

MISS LILLIAN CLAIR SKELLY, eldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. E. C.

Skelly, of the Samarai Hotel, Samarai, was married to Mr. Gerald Halston Searle, eldest son of the late Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Searle of Manly, N S.W., at the Church of England, Samarai, Papua, by Rev. J. Thomson, on April 10.

The graceful bride was smartly attired in a model frock of ivory angel-skin lace, made in redingote style, and edged with kilted tulle and fastened with a spray of orange blossoms on the corsage.

Misses Zelma, Dawn. Rosalie and little L eone Skelly attended their sister as maids and wore long full frocks of crinkly chiffon in shades of green, blue, mauve and apricot. Mr. Al. Ramsden was best man.

Mrs. Skelly, in a model frock of beige lace girdled with blue velvet, and picture hat to tone, received, in the lounge of the Samarai Hotel, some 60 guests, who were lavishly entertained at wedding breakfast and dance, Mr. and Mrs. G. H. Searle left on the M.V. “Bulolo” on their honeymoon trip, amid the good wishes of a large circle of friends.

The new coaster Le Phoque being unloaded from the deck of the Stassfurt in Sydney Harbour. 49 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

WM. BRECKWOLDT & CO., SOUTH SEA MERCHANTS _______

Postal Addresses:—

NEW GUINEA:—P.O. Box 89, Rabaul.

FIJI: —P.O. Box 111, Suva.

TAHITI; —P.O. Box 60, Papeete.

SAMOA:—P.O. Box 124, Apia.

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Trademark. L_ -1 50 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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COLONISTS FOR N.

HEBRIDES How Late Sir James Burns Encouraged Settlement riOME dav, Australia will face up to the O fact that she owns large areas of land in the New Hebrides, presented to the Commonwealth by the late Sir James Burns on condition that set + lement of British planters would be vigorously undertaken. At present, Australia ignores her responsibilities there.

In this connection, Mr. A. B. (“Banjo”) Patterson gave some interesting history, recently in the course of reminiscences published in “Sydney Morning Herald”.—

Sir James Burns

JAMES BURNS, or perhaps I had better give him his proper title. Colonel the Honourable Sir James Burns, of the firm of Burns, Philp and Co., was. at all events as near to an Empire builder as we ever saw in these parts.

A thin and austere Scotsman of the old son-of-the-manse type, . few people would have taken him for what he was —an outstanding financial genius. The great O’Sullivan might toss millions about with the abandon of an elephant throwing hay; but James Burns risked his company’s money, and his own, in ventures which required a lot of pluck and a lot of foresight. They were merchants, inlands traders, and graziers; putting the firm’s money behind settlers away up on the Queensland rivers where they were liable to be scuppered by blacks at anv time: financing storekeepers in little one-pub towns, where these storekeepers found grubstakes for prospectors and miners; sending their vessels to the whei’e no boats’s crew dared land unless the bow-man had a loaded rifle: running small steamers to places where there were no wharves, and the boat just tied up alongside the bank. Anywhere that there was a risk to be run and money to be made you would see the flag or James Bums. If he had been dealing in diamonds instead of copra and bananas, he might have been another Cecil Rhodes.

I was sent by the “Sydney Morning Herald” to accompany a mob of Australian settlers which Sir James was sending to colonise the New Hebrides. A sort of Pilgrim Fathers affair, this, the settlers going down to live among wild savages in the land of the golden coconut. I found “Cecil Rhodes’s” understudv in his office, and he gave me the plan of operations.

He said that his firm had bought thousands of acres in the New Hebrides.

“Some," he said, “we bought from the old Scotch company which lost a lot of money in the islands and sold out to us: other areas we bought from native chiefs, traders, and so on. Now the French have gone down there, and we may have to fight for our land. The Scotch company areas should be all right as they were taken up and occupied before the French made any claim; but where we bought say, a thousand acres from a native chief the French are now claiming that they bought the same land from the same chief or that they bought the same land from another chief who had a better right to it. Nothing can be settled till a Court is appointed to confirm the titles. We are sending these settlers down there so that, when a Court does sit, we will have men on the spot in possession.”

This promised some adventure.

The Argonauts

SOON I was at sea with the Australian Pilgrim Fathers in search of the land of the golden coconut. This was not a bad ship, except that at some time or other she had tried to shift a coral reef and had got a sort of kink in her keel. The captain, a gigantic New Zealander, said she was inclined to steer a bit north by south unless carefully watched!

“If you let her alone,” he added, “she will go round and round in circles; but she’s quite good enough for a trade where any dark night, you might walk her right up on to a reef which has risen out of the sea since the last time you were along. There’s a volcano on Ambrym— you’ll see that—and I wouldn’t be surprised, any night, to see fire and a new island coming up out of the sea. We’ve got the missionaries on board: it’s their synod trip. They’re good, well-meaning chaps, nearly all doctors, who do a lot for the niggers.”

“Are the niggers dangerous?”

“They were, until they got rifles. They could not hit a barn with a rifle if you put ’em inside it. If they want to kill a man they hide in the jungle and knock him with a waddy.”

I made friends with the settlers and found they were the genuine articlehard-handed, anxious-faced men. miners, farmers, shearers mechanics—all off to tackle a job of which they knew little in a land of which they knew less. Many of them were born adventurers who would start off anywhere at the drop of a hat, just for the sake of seeing something new. I fancy there must have been some of this sort with the original American Pilgrim Fathers.

What, in the end stopped the development of the scheme? Simply that the French and English Governments waited to see what would turn up before authorising any decision about the land. Some of the settlers went on with their work but were met with tariffs, while their French neighbours were encouraged with bonuses! That was the end of a glorious undertaking. 51 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M ay 16, 1939

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Deportee From N. Guinea

And Insurance Company's Guarantee WHEN Mr. Roy Delbridge arrived in Sydney from Wau, New Guinea, in April, as a deportee, he told the newspapers an extraordinary story.

He said that he had been engaged by a New Guinea goldfields company, and the company put up the necessary £3O guarantee to enable him to enter the Territory. It then took out a guarantee policy with an insurance company, and the premiums paid in connection therewith were deducted from his wages.

After three months at Wau, he lost his job. He could not get another job, so he decided to return to Australia and he applied to the insurance company, to arrange his passage back to Sydney, in terms of the guarantee.

The company, he said, told him that it was a matter for the Administration.

The district officer, as a representative of the Administration, said that nothing could be done about it. Delbridge said that he had no money and was desperate, and he appealed to the officer in charge of the police at Wau. The police officer said he could no nothing unless Delbridge had committed an offence. Delbridge thereupon made a declaration that he was destitute. This declaration was brought under the notice of the police, and he was formally arrested and charged with being a vagrant. As a vagrant, he was liable to a sentence of 12 months’ imprisonment; but the police, acting sensibly in the circumstances, deported him to Australia.

The Minister in Charge of Territories called for a report on the case.

Some Common

ERRORS In Tahitian History BY W. W. BOLTON, M.A.

IT is ever hard to catch up with error, and silence it for good and all; but at least Truth should be given a chance.

As to Tahiti, there has been an astonishing lack of accuracy in fundamental matters, which writer after writer glibly passes on as facts. In the hope that some stay may be brought about in this dissemination of flagrant errors, the writer would call attention to some of the chief ones prevalent to-day. To enumerate them all would be to strain attention to the limit.

Error 1: That the present day “Society” Group was so named by Captain Cook.

When he arrived at Tahiti, after Wallis, he knew from the Admiralty records that Tahiti and its adjoining islands were already marked down as the Georgian Group. Neither Wallis nor he knew anything of another group within a hundred miles, but Cook was informed of the fact by a leading Raiatean native, named Tupaia, who was keen to return to his home, and offered to steer Cook if he would bear him back. Cook did so and, first of white men, saw the group of islands to the leeward of the Georgian, to which he gave the name “Society”, after the Royal Society, which had worked for his voyage to the great South Sea, to observe the transit of Venus. Both the “Command Papers presented to the British Parliament”, covering the disturbing years of 1822-1847, and the annual reports of the early missionaries to the L.M.S., deal with the Georgian and the Society Groups as entirely different. How the Leeward name of 1769 absorbed —as it does to-day the Windward name of 1767 is another story, here irrelevant.

Error 2: That Pomare I. was the first King of Tahiti.

He tried for many of his later years to reach that height of his ambition, the Paramountcy. but failed. Papara District defied him, to his death. It cannot be too clearly pressed home that he founded no royal dynasty, but only a dynastic name. He was the first Pomare, that was all. It was his son. Pomare 11., who was the first king, and raised his house to Royalty. To the first white men, both sailormen and missionaries, it was inconceivable that any land, even though an island, should be without its king, and they gave the rank and title to anyone who seemed to be of real importance.

This led to endless trouble, even savage warfare, by those who could not conceive of one chief being head and front of the rest.

Error 3: That Papeete was one of the villages of Tahiti from time immemorial.

Not one of the pioneers even mention it as existing. Cook saw it from beyond the barrier reef, and noted it down as Nanu. He dared not try the Pass, to enter the roomy, placid lagoon; but, like Wallis and Bligh and Vancouver, had to be content with the Matavai roadstead.

The first missionaries walked through the site of the present town, but it was a series of family waterfront properties, without a name, save that its one feature was the great House of Assembly, “The Nanu”, which stood where now stands a pineapple canning factory. It was not till Pomare the Second’s day that it took shape, from a straggling line of natives’ homes to a place of settlement for white 52 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Famous Doctors Praise

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That Acts In 24 Hours To End RHEUMATISM, SCIATICA, NEURITIS, LUMBAGO, BACKACHE, NERVOUSNESS. DIZZINESS, CIRCLES UNDER EYES, LOSS OF ENERGY and APPETITE, PUFFY ANKLES, BURNING,SMARTING PASSAGES, and GETTING UP NIGHTS, etc* Who should know better than fully qualified medical men, who study in the Universities of the world, and can judge the effect of various medicines upon cases under their direct charge, what medicines are best for various ills of the body ? Doctors everywhere praise Cystex the medicine for the million —they know that for all the troubles mentioned above Cystex is without an equal. Now read what a few of these Doctors say : mm m Dr. G. B. KNIGHT “When the kidneys don't function properly and fail to promptly throw off the ivaste matter strained from the blood, aches develop in the muscles and joints, the appetite suffers, sleep is disturbed and the patient is generally run-down, and suffers from lowered vitality, Cystex is an excellent prescription to help overcome this condition. It starts its beneficial action almost immediately, yet con- Dr. G. B. Knight tains no harmful or injurious ingredients. I consider Cystex a prescription which men and women in all walks of life should find beneficial.''

Dr. Walter R. George

“There is little question but that properly functioning Kidney and Bladder organs are vital to health. Insufficient Kidney excretions are the cause of much needless suffering with Aching Back, Weakness, Swollen Joints and Rheumatic Pains, Headaches, and a generally run-down condition. Cystex definitely corrects frequent causes of such conditions and exerts a splen did influence in flushing poi sons from the urinary tract." Dr. W. R. George i m m

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This is a GUARANTEED Remedy Sooner or Later Nearly Everyone Needs Cystex For the KIDNEYS, BLADDER AND RHEUMATISM SCHAFFER & CO., 189 Clarence St., Sydney. folk. It dates From the first decade of 1800 or shortly after. Pomare 11. returned from exile to Arue in 1808 and writes from “Papeiti” in 1812.

Error 4; That Tahiti lies in “The South Seas’’ (plural).

The Pacific Ocean, save on its western coast line, is one, undivided whole, north and south of the Equator. Tahiti lies in “The South Sea” (singular). This term was first used by the Spaniards, then fixed historically by “The South Sea Bubble”, and used in all reports from whalers as a general term for their hunting ground. The use of the plural, so common to-day, save when occasionally the singular is forced into use in an adjectival sense, is a careless, though undoubtedly poetic indifference to fact. To those of Europe who first gazed upon or sailed it, despite the broad Atlantic, the Pacific was its superior, “The Great South Sea”.

Geography has its rights, even though they be condemned, and to know the Truth is wholesome, even if unwelcome —as these notes may be to some who hate correction of what they have held as facts.

Error 5: That the Brander branch of the Royal Family holds the headship of the Pomare Family to-day.

If Pomare V. had not surrendered his sovereignty to France. Tamatoa Brander would be Pcjnare VIII. to-day; his father, John Brander, would have been Pomare VII.; his grandmother, Vaetua, Pomare VI. But, having given up his crown, he adopted as his son and heir his nephew Hinoi, the princely son of his youngest brother, who was recognised as head, after his uncle’s death and throughout his life. He left two sons; his eldest. Prince Hinoi 11.. succeeding him. who, dying without issue, the headship passed to his brother of to-day, Prince Ariipaea.

Error 6; That heraldic titles can be used indiscriminately without reference to its laws.

These are very strict, else what is high honour and special right would become a matter of small moment. In the Pomare Family, those only are entitled to bear the supreme insignia of worldly honours who come through the male line. One branch alone the Hinoi line —traces back throughout as a male, not a female one. Its present day head is as stated above; nor does Tahiti lack for princes and princesses with his numerous, charming and unassuming group of bairns around him. The Pomare surname and high titles will take long a-dying.

Niue Labourers

For Samoan Plantations From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 10.

A SECOND contingent of 20 labourers from Niue, with their families, have arrived in Western Samoa, to provide plantation labour and fill the places of the Chinese who have been repatriated.

The Niueans are not comparable as workers, with the Chinese, but they are much better than nothing; and the inauguration of this system shows that the N.Z. Government has acknowledged the fallacy of its argument that all necessary plantation labour could be supplied by Samoans and Euronesians.

Miss Ella Small, M.A., of the Mitchell Library staff, Sydney, has been appointed assistant secretary of the Pacific Islands Club.

Rabaul Observatory

To Keep watch on volcanoes mHE Federal Government announced at 1 the end of April that a volcanological observatory, with suitable equipment and staff, would be established at Rabaul, New Guinea, to take the place of the present temporary establishment, and to give the Rabaul population a timely warning of any volcanic eruption.

The necessary scientific instruments have been ordered, the observatory is now being built, the staff will be placed in charge of Mr. N. H. Fisher (geologist of the New Guinea ml^ s A^ tlo i^ n a £ d A? * exacted that be in operation about the e d ~~ Mr. D. Harper arrived in New Zealand recently from Apia, Western Samoa, after completing his term of service in the Administration Audit Department. 53 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

Q

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The Birth Of A Volcano

Memorable Experience at Rabaul in 1937 Two years ago (May 29, 1937) two Depart- £ ™vVce M. a s £s. o E. th w N r W CMnner/\“d George Murray, were nearly overwhelmed in the eruption of Vulcan Island, Rabaul. Mr.

Murray immediately made notes of their extraordinary experience, and these were the basis of the following descriptive article by Mr. Murray:— moo v, „ BOUT 1932, when the erection of a quarantine station was being considered, some heads of departments, including myself, inspected Vulcan Island, in Rabaul Harbour, with the object of seeing whether it was suitable for such a purpose. I had been twice on the island previously, to see whether it might not be made into an animal or plant quarantine station, but turned down the idea as there was evidence that it was subject to frequent rising and subsidence.

On my last visit, a casuarina tree, which had been well above high-water mark, was particularly noticeable as being about twelve inches below waterlevel, and the shore line seemed to have tilted. For these reasons I stated that I did not consider the island suitable for a quarantine station on account of the danger of its possible sudden subsidence.

I was not greatly surprised, therefore, when Mr. G. Furter reported to me shortly before noon on May 29, 1937, that a new island had appeared in the harbour.

It is part of the duties of my department to report all seismic disturbances to the Seismological Observatory, Riverview, New South Wales, and I, therefore, left for Taliligap at once. It was my intention to be away only about half an hour, so I look Mr. and Mrs. Chinnery with me, as I knew that the latter would like to have some photographs.

On arrival at the highest point on Taliligap, about 1,200 feet, we could see well over the harbour, and there, beneath us, were three islands, instead of one. Some natives, standing by, informed us that one had come up only a short time before, and all were apparently still wet. The islands were between Vulcan Island and the mainland, at Keravia, and about 8 acres in extent. It was agreed that we should return to Rabaul by the coastal road.

Mrs. Chinnery wished to take photos of the new islands at close range, so we went to the end of the jetty at the Carpenter’s boatslip. I had returned to the car, but was called back to go out in a pinnace. This I did unwillingly—l was impatient whh the delay.

We had gone as far as the most distant of the three islands, and had turned towards the boatslip, passing a recently emerged little islet of rock, a foot or so above water, when Mrs. Chinnery, pointing to the rock, exclaimed.

“Why, that island is getting bigger!” I thought so, too; but, not wishing to cause alarm, I replied, “Oh, no, it’s only an optical illusion,”

There were about 15 natives on the new islands, and a canoe-load of about five had just landed, apparently bent on gathering flotsam of the sea left high and dry. All these natives eventually must have perished.

Although not really expecting danger, I had an uncanny feeling, a premonition as it were, that things were not quite what they ought to be. Outside, a gentle S.E. wind was blowing. Out between Vulcan Island and the mainland, the sea was perfectly smooth, yet there seemed a slow pulsation of the surface, up and down, without causing even a ripple—which I told myself was another optical illusion! I also heard, or seemed to hear, a rumbling and moaning, yet this I could not locate, as the air was perfectly still, and I told myself it was only imagination.

I was keeping a sharp lookout on the course to the boat-slip, but out of the corner of my eye I could see islets of rock, like knobs, quietly popping up above the water between us and Vulcan Island, giving an amazing feeling of unreality, as if one had come into a land of dreams.

Then a long line of rocks suddenly sprang up between us and the boat-slip, completely blocking out return in that direction. The boy at the wheel was told to steer for the nearest point on the shore, about 50 yards away. But, the next instant, the bottom of the sea rose and struck the keel of the pinnace, leaving us in a few inches of water. At the same time there was a terrific explosion, about 100 yards behind us, just where we had been a minute or so before, when we saw the first rock rising out of the sea.

Mr. and Mrs. Chinnery, and an officer from the “Durour” (a small steamer then 54 May 16, 193 9—f* acific Islands Monthly

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I r on the Carpenter slip) who was in charge of the pinnace, jumped overboard and waded ashore,' but I stayed behind for a little to watch the scene. It was a wonderfully interesting demonstration, not merely of power, but of chemistry and physics in one of Nature’s greatest laboratories. Large rocks were thrown hundreds of feet into the air, as by some giant ballista; fire and .water, with clouds of smoke shot upwards; while there were flashes of vivid lightning apparently brought about by an electrical disturbance in the upper air.

At the first explosion, I thought it was an island coming up, with rather more display than usual. But, when I saw a rock half the size of a house, go up, the thought flashed through my mind that this was no island —it was nothing less than Mother Earth in labour, giving birth to a submarine volcano. I also thought: “It looks as if I am going to Heaven, like Elijah in a chariot of Are.”

With that I decided quickly to go ashore like George Murray, and I called the two pinnace boys back and had them carry me on their shoulders.

The explosions kept on with increasing rapidity and violence, and by the time I reached the shore they were like a creeping barrage, coming in my direction. Apparently, the earth’s crust beneath the harbour for some time previously. was being bent upwards by subterranean forces, until the strain was too great, and the crust eventually broke.

Explosion after explosion was shattering the earth’s crust, in the formation of the base of the crater, until, of course, the volcanic cone eventually was formed. Which, after all, is the natural history of most volcanoes.

I stood on the shore for, possibly, a fourth of a minute, to view the amazing scene; but an explosion nearer and greater made me turn and go towards the Kokopo Road, for my life. Yet I found myself trying to look back over my shoulder. I can understand something of the motives of Lot’s wife, 2n her flight.

I had great difficulty in making my way through the undergrowth, and probably I would have been trapped there, had not the boys seen that I was in trouble and called out, “Road this way, Master”.

Going in their direction, I got on to a native track, and had just got well started when I received almost my greatest scare —a crack opened in the earth in front of me, and I thought the next moment would see travelling in my chariot of fire. Instead of that, when I burst out on to the Kokopo Road, there was a strange motor car, apparently waiting for me.

By that time, the cloud of smoke was only about 25 yards behind me, blotting out everything from view. Without waiting to explain or apologise, I hopped into the car. As I did so, a Chinese woman entered by the opposite door, followed by her husband and infant. We immediately started for Kokopo, with the cloud of “smoke”, like a great grey and blueblack cauliflower, rolling close behind us.

A quarter of a mile ahead, we picked up Mr. and Mrs. Chinnery, with the officer of the “Durour”; and we also stopped frequently to pick up several Chinese, while every moment expecting that we would be overwhelmed with the “blackout”.

Just beyond the boat-slip, the Department of Agriculture car was waiting for us, and the native boy in charge was standing by. I mention this particularly, as it has been stated that the boy deserted us with the car. s*rom experience, I have found my personal boys stand by me in the hour of danger, and it is only fair to say so.

We immediately got into the Department’s car, to make room for the others; and, after picking up a few more people, who were running for their lives, we were soon out of the danger zone. On looking back, we could see water, smoke and Jmmense rocks being hurled a thousand or more feet into the air. 55 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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SIR HUBERT MURRAY, Lieutenant- Governor of Papua, returned to Port Moresby by the “Bulolo” at the end of April, after spending two months’ furlough in New South Wales.

Samoans And A Library

Prom Our Own Correspondent APIA, Apr. 20. rE Samoan library at Pago Pago (American Samoa) which has been built in Samoan style, with the active assistance of the Samoan natives, and was opened in October, 1938, has proved a great success and the circulation of books is increasing from month to month.

There are about 2.000 volumes in the library, and all of them have been donated.

Co-Ordination Of British Defence

Measures In South Pacific

Conference of Experts Held in New Zealand decisions and recommendations A of the Pacific Defence Conference, which met in Wellington, N.Z., on April 14, will not be disclosed. They will be submitted to the three Governments represented—namely, Britain, Australia and New Zealand.

It is unlikely that any public statement will be made. The work of such a conference necessarily will be kept secret.

The co-ordination of British defence measures in the South Pacific (all that part of the Pacific south of the Equator) made it necessary to consider also co-ordination of administrative activities, as between the Australian Pacific territories (New Guinea, Papua and Norfolk Island), the British Pacific territories (Solomons, Gilbert and Ellice, Nauru, New Hebrides Condominium), and the N.Z. Pacific territories (Samoa and Cook Islands). This, as explained in the April “P.1.M.”, probably will affect the future administration of the Solomons, New Hebrides and Western Samoa.

Western Samoa

In this connection, it is noted that an interesting visitor to Western Samoa this month is Dr. R. M. Campbell, economic adviser in London to the High Commissioner for New Zealand, who has the unenviable task of presenting the Western Samoa report each year to the Mandates Commission at Geneva.

If New Zealand is prepared to transfer the embarrassing mandate to Britain, Dr. Campbell is one expert who would be consulted. No machinery exists for the transfer of a mandate.

Network Of Naval And Air

BASES It is reported that the following were among the actual defence matters considered by the conference:— 1. —Development of triangle of naval bases, with Sydney as the apex, and Suva (Fiji) and Port Moresby as the ends of the two legs. 2. Hastening development of Sydney as major naval base by providing dock for capital ships and increased stores of munitions. 3. Fortification of Suva and establishment of other defence facilities with fuel dumps to give it the status of a defended port. 4. Preparation of Air Force bases at C. Thomas (10 yards) was the winner of the 220 yards Park Handicap for Europeans. Time, 23 1/5 secs. (See opposite page.) 56 May 16, 1939—Pacific Islands Monthly

1* Fiji and other islands, and defensive development of British possessions in a circle of islands extending eastward from Papua and embracing the Solomons, New Hebrides, and Cook Islands. 5. —Strengthening local defence forces at certain points, notably at Fiji, completion of hydrographic surveys, caching of fuel supplies. 6. —Organisation of a highly-efflcient intelligence service throughout the islands which would report on movements of shipping, and other activities.

Tentative estimates of costs of these measures were prepared.

How Solomons Came To

BRITAIN interesting Early History Letter to the Editor YOUR article in April, about the future of the Solomons and Western Samoa, is of interest, and Fine Types of Young Fijian Athletes Reading from left to right, the men are:— J. Frank (8 yards) came third in 120 yards Viti Handicap. He also was third in 100 yards Open Championship of Fiji.

Elaija, winner of 100 yards Open Championship of Fiji. His time was 10 1/5 secs. He won a cup presented by Mr. W. E. Goodsir.

L. Delaivuna, came second in 100 yards Open Championship of Fiji.

E. Bola (8 yards) was winner of 120 yards Viti Handicap. His time was 11 4/5 secs. He won a trophy presented by Messrs. Patton and Storck. 57 Pacific Islands Month! y—M ay 16, 1930

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Made by RANSOMES, SIMS & JEFFERIES LTD., IPSWICH, ENGLAND. one awaits the result of the Pacific Defence Conference with more than cunosity.

The acquisition by Great Britain of the Solomon Islands, though perhaps hastened by Germany’s Pacific policy, was, in the main, due to Britain’s concern about the irregularities and abuses in the native labour trade.

The Protectorate Government, born in this atmosphere, has not gone far beyond the elementary duties of police and sanitation, and the primary obnect of protecting the natives against the encroachments of the European has at times unnecessarily hampered commercial progress.

The trade of the Group is fostered by, and is in the hands of Australian agencies; and there probably has not been a more fitting time for the consummation of the British policy of the latter part of last century. This policy was definitely expressed by the Colonial Office as far back as 1899, when Mr. Joseph Chamberlain spoke of the probability of the Solomon Islands being taken over by the Commonwealth of Australia at no distant date.

Australia has proved her trustworthiness in New Guinea. To consolidate her position, she must, sooner or later, control her natural rampart in the Pacific.

I am, etc., A.M.

Sydney, April 26, 1939.

Fiji'S Urgent

PROBLEM How to Find Labour to Replace the Changing Indians A LTHOUGH Indians were originally introduced to work the sugar plantations in Fiji, and there now are nearly 90,000 of them in that colony, the plan—as has been evident for years— has gone sadly awry. Fiji now is faced with a serious labour problem.

It is several years since the indenture system was abolished, and the Indians were allowed to settle down as peasant farmers in Fiji, on the understanding that they would grow sugar-cane for the C.S.R. Company and provide the mill labour that was necessary.

But things have not gone that way— and the development with which Fiji now is faced was inevitable. The older Indians, who came out under the indenture system, have died out —about 75 per cent, of those now in Fiji are Fijianborn. The young Indian, having enjoyed education, and a freer and better life than his forebears knew in India, ouite naturally wants more of the good things of life, and does not take kindly to hard labour and peasant farming.

The productiveness of Fiji is growing.

Labour is wanted urgently for the production of sugar, gold, pineanples, and various minor crops; and the Indian labour available is not now enough to meet the demand. The younger Indians insist upon receiving a higher reward for their labour. The princinal employers, the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., point to world competition in the sugar industry, and easily prove their contention that higher wages simply cannot be paid in that industry.

Mr. N. S. Chalmers, a well-known resident of Ba, Fiji, in an interesting article in the “Fiji Times”, has surveyed the whole position, and declares that Fiji must face facts—namely, that Fijians, being landowners and having the Islands temperament, never will supply labour: and that the character of the Indian population is changing, so that the Indians will become similarly undependable for labour supply. Instances are given to show that labourers on the sugar plantations now will not work unless they are guaranteed a bonus, in addition to the wages fixed by law. He urges that Fiji loses no time in attacking the nroblem. and he argues that the real solution lies in bringing in Chinese under a strict system. He points out that the Chinese is industrially dependable and. unlike the Indian, he never makes a political nuisance of himself.

The “Fiji Times” editorially supports this view. It says that if the develonment of Fiji is to continue at the present rate, the labour problem must be faced.

Mr. V. Deo has taken up the cudgels on behalf of the Indian population, and ouotes statistics at length to show that Indians are not deserting the labour market which they were orieinallv brought in to supply. Unfortunately for Mr. Deo. the facts sneak for themselves.

By implication, Mr. Deo lays the blame on the C.S.R. Co., and finally says;— “The remedy is not in Chinese labour— it is in the bands of the C.S.R. Co., who can afford to pay more for the cane grown in Fiji”. 58 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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The C.S.R. Co. says emphatically that it cannot do this. mHERE really are two problems in Fiji X —namely, how to provide the growing industries with sufficient labour, and what to do with the growing Indian population, which insists that it wants to be landowners and professional and business men (most of the land is owned by Fijian natives), and wants to climb out of the cheap labouring class.

The first problem may be solved eventually by bringing in another kind of Asiatic labour, but the second is definitely the source of a headache.

The mistake, of course, was in allowing the Indians to settle in Fiji. These things follow an unvarying course. In two or three generations, the immigrant people want to abandon the status of labourers. It has happened in a dozen countries. It has happened in Island Territories on either side of Fiji—in New Guinea and Tahiti. In each case, Chinese, who were brought in as labourers, were allowed to settle in the country.

To-day, in New Guinea and Tahiti, their sons and grandsons are traders and artisans, and turn up their noses at any suggestion that they should provide labour that is necessary for the development of those Territories.

Colossal American Expenditure on Pacific Defences HONOLULU, Apr. 19.

MORE and more the Hawaiian islands are becoming the keystone of the American defence) scheme in the North Pacific.

The U.S. army reported to-day that during 1938 it spent a total of 20,993,000 dollars in the army’s section of the scheme.

More than half a million dollars were spent for foods produced in the islands.

Under army persuasion, local farmers are being encouraged to produce more foodstuffs. This is an important angle of defence^ More than 3,000,000 dollars were expended in developing the army’s tremendous aerodrome, Hickam Field, world’s largest military air base, near Honolulu.

Total cost will exceed 18,000,000 dollars.

Purists Deplore Use of Pidgin WHEN interviewed in Cooktown recently, Mr. H. Fitzroy, solicitor, of Rabaul, deplored the use of Pidgin by natives of the Mandated Territory and by whites in conversing with or giving orders to them. He argued that it would be easy to teach the natives correct English.

Mr. Fitzroy recently took part in a case which was sent on to the High Court of Australia. A native servant told him that the case “He go to big fella number one court”.

Hon. Leonard Murray, a high official of the Papuan Administration, also interviewed, agreed with Mr. Fitzroy. The natives of Papua did not use much Pidgin, and its use by them is discouraged.

He rarely heard whites use Pidgin unless to impress visitors. Papuan natives, he said, could not understand abstract terms or explain emotions. Pity was described by them as, “Belly belong me too much sore”. This probkbly was because to them the whole of the internal organs were centred in the stomach.

Mr. Murray agreed that the Germans, when in possession of the Mandated Territory, found Pidgin more easily understood by the natives than was German.

An old resident of New Guinea writes: “I never heard natives use the word ‘sore’—always ‘pain too much’. They describe that worried or frightened feeling as ‘bell belong me hot too much’.

As for using Pidgin to impress visitors —well, well!

“But I will admit that it grows on one and here in Australia I often catch mvself using it to very young children.

Pidgin is a godsend to us whites. But. mostly, we are too careless to learn it thoroughly”.

Mr. T. P. Gough, European constable at Port Moresby, went south on the “Bulolo” on April 12 for medical treatment, and is expected to return about the end of Mav. 59 Pacific I»land« Month! y — M ay 16. 1839

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Mr. W. J. Lambden, Assistant Resident Magistrate in charge of Abau, Papua, has been undergoing medical treatment at the Port Moresby hospital for malarial troubles. He has recovered and will resume duty shortly.

Port Moresby Progress

THESE two photographs illustrate the progress of Port Moresby—n o w headquarters of the oil search proceeding in Papua and New Guinea, and also now an important point in the advanced defence organisation of Australia.

Top picture shows the new bulk store erected on the water-front in Port Moresby by Steamships Trading Co., Ltd.

The other shows a crane, capable of lifting a weight of 10 tons, which has been installed by Steamships Trading Co., on its wharf at Pt. Moresby. This is the biggest crane for lifting .weights in and out of small boats which has been provided in Papua.

It is noted also that a bulk store is being built on the water - front by Messrs.

Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., of Port Moresby.

Mr. Caseley, who was manager of Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., in Suva, several years ago, died on a vessel en route to Brisbane, Queensland, from Sydney, early in April. He had been with B.P. for many years, having joined the company in Queensland in 1880.

Mr. J. H. Ahearn, administrative superintendent of the Australasian Petroleum Company in Papua, arrived in Sydney from Port Moresby by the “Bulolo” on April 17. He was accompanied by his wife and child, and will spend three months’ holiday in Australia. 60 May 1C , 103 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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How a Beautiful Tahitian Custom Was Killed But Garlands Survive in Raiatea ONCE upon a time it was the pretty custom for women of Tahiti to wear wreaths of flowers when they went abroad in the cool of the day or at evening.

Fashioned of the white tiare blossom or the tiare mingled with crimson fara. these fragrant chaplets gave the ideal contrast of colour with raven hair and golden-brown complexion, which is the essence of true beauty.

It was a custom charming and altogether lovely—so much so that certain people, who see behind all beauty and gaiety the horrid mask of sin, viewed it with stern disapproval. Presently, from some mysterious source, came the pronouncement that the wearing of garlands was not respectable.

There was no ban on artificial flowers. Blossoms of fabric fashioned by the hand of man, dyed with anilin colours, hideous beyond imagination and attached to hats that would make angels weep to behold, were hailed as symbols of high-mindedness and chastity; whereas the fragrant beauty and exquisite colours from Nature’s workshop were anathema maranatha.

Without doubt, no more absurd and illogical interdict has ever been imposed at any time or at any place.

Happily, the handsome women of Ra’iatea would have none of it. They considered their age-old habit of decorating their persons with island flowers as one of their ancient heritages which was not to be challenged.

They ignored the edict, and continued to disregard it in their own island and in the very stronghold of critical displeasure, when they came to Papeete.

And so this charming custom has survived and, we hope, will continue so long as the sun shines and rain falls and flowers blossom; for it is the unauna (the perfect adornment) of our beautiful Polynesian women.— A.C.R.

World-Wanderers

THE two-masted auxiliary schooner “Henrietta” arrived in Sydney in April. She left the Atlantic coast of the United States in August, 1937. and sailed around Cape Horn, and through the Pacific. On her way across the Pacific she called at Easter Island, Tahiti, Samoa, Fiji and Noumea. She proposes to return home by way of New Guinea. East Indies, the Mediterranean and the Atlantic.

Sir Hubert Murray, Lieutenant-Governor of Papua, has been elected the first patron of the Pacific Islands Club in Sydney. Sir Hubert accepted that office prior to leaving Sydney for his Territory in April.

Japanese Goods

Are They Given Preference By N.G. Administration?

A STATEMENT, that tenders were recently accepted by the New Guinea Administration for articles of Japanese manufacture at a fraction of 1 per cent less than the cost at which the Australian article could be supplied was made by Sir Charles Marr in the House on Representatives on May 5.

He asked the Minister in Charge of Territories to lay down a policy for the Administration of preference to British goods with particular preference for goods’ of Australian manufacture.

The Minister said he had no knowledge of the contract mentioned, but he would investigate.

EDITORIAL NOTE: It is to be hoped that this incident will not be glossed over and forgotten, as is the official manner. It is a monstrous thing that Japanese goods should be directly admitted, in this way, to Territories controlled by Australia. Rabaul officials should be asked to find out what quantity of Australian goods are admitted by the Japanese to the Caroline and Marshall Islands.

The admission of Japanese goods to Australia can be regulated by a tariff, which takes the respective standards of living conditions into account: but that is not possible in New Guinea, where the tariff is entirely on an ad valorem basis.

Mrs. M, R. V. Chetty died in Suva, Fiji, early in April. She was well-known in the Colony as the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Nittu, of Labasa. 61 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

READ THE B.P. MAGAZINE

Winter Number

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Cost Of Taylor

PATROL Report of £30,000 Debit for New Guinea Finances AS the Administration of the Mandated Territory is now apparently being carried on at a loss, there is criticism in the Territory of the report that the Taylor Patrol —through the unexplored portion of the mainland that lies between Mount Hagen and the Dutch border—has cost in the vicinity of £30,000.

It was a large patrol, but the party comprised mostly native police and carriers—there were only three Europeans— and although it has been away on this special job for about a year, it is difficult to see how £30,000 expenditure could have been incurred.

The explanation probably is that the Administration has been lavish in the use of aeroplanes, in order to maintain communication with the patrol. The local critics have it that some communication by aeroplane was necessary, but that the Administration seemed to be glad of any excuse for chartering a ’plane. It is stated, for instance, that when the expedition arrived at Wabag recently, on its return trip, the Administrator (who then was in the Morobe district) chartered a ’plane and flew all the way over to Wabag to have a chat with Mr. Taylor and his associates. Why, ask the critics, could he not have made use of the patrol’s teleradio equipment, which apparently has functioned with great efficiency during the whole of the expedition.

As a matter of fact, an outstanding feature of the expedition has been the success of the teleradio equipment. There have been very few days, during the year’s absence of the, expedition, when the leader of the patrol, Mr. Taylor, has not been in teleradio communication with the Administrator.

No one is attempting to belittle the notable performances of the patrol. But if its cost actually is in the vicinity of £30,000, a good deal is going to be heard about it from the financial angle.

The Former Kaiser and the "P.I.M."

THERE were days, in the period 1914-18, when we British people felt anything but kindly towards Wilhelm 11, Emperor of Germany. He combined, with the condescension of the “heaven-born”, the arrogance of the Prussian and the defiance of an implacable enemy. Those who fought in the trenches only fought the harder, and endured the longer, when they read the wartime speeches of the Kaiser.

However, the formerly provocative Kaiser now is a quiet and mellow gentleman, 80 years old, living unobtrusively at Doom, in Holland. No one hates him now —in fact, there are many millions of people in the world who after having watched the performances of one Adolf Hitler in the seats of the mighty in Berlin, think more kindly of Wilhelm 11, and find it in their hearts to wish that he were once again at the head of the great German nation. It would make for a happier and more peaceful world.

These reflections are induced by a letter, dated January 28, 1939, which has been sent by the Kaiser’s Assistant Chancellor, Graf Conrad von Finkelstein, to Mr. F. T.

Goedicke, a resident of Tonga. Mr.

Goedicke sent copies of the “P.1.M.” to the Kaiser; and the following is a literal translation of the acknowledgment he received: — “His Majesty the Kaiser was very pleased to receive the Pacific Islands Monthly journal which you so kindly sent to him and thanks you heartily for your good wishes.

“His Majesty found the journal extremely interesting—so much so that His Majesty stated that the matter contained no propaganda whatever, but gave publicity to the real truth of the Islands.”

STEAMSHIPS TRADING CO., LTD.

Steamships Trading Co., Ltd., (Papua) has declared interim dividends of 5 per cent, on preference and ordinary shares for the six months ended December 31.

Directors report that trade was fully maintained. The whole ramifications of the company have been satisfactory, with the exception of copra, which has been consistently at a low price. A considerable amount of new planting of rubber is taking place. The board looks forward to a continuation of satisfactory business with confidence, notwithstanding the world’s present political position.

Mr. Frank Roberts died at Samarai on April 20. He had been for some years at Misima, first on the staff of Quartz Mountain, and latterly as a surveyor at Umuna.

Mr. Gilbert Renton, a well-known resident of Rabaul, New Guinea, is at present on a visit to Sydney. 62 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

For Jaded Appetites m mu When you feel too hot and jaded to eat, try the effect of a sparkling glass of Eno’s "Fruit Salt.” Its clean, sparkling effervescence stimulates the palate even on the hottest day, as nothing else can; in fact, for a refreshing drink at any time there’s nothing to equal a "dash’ of Eno in a glass of water. Taken in this manner during the day, its only action is to cool you—give you more energy and appetite.

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Bad 'Quake In

SOLOMONS Damage in Guadalcanal District THE most severe earthquake yet recorded at Cape Marsh and on the adjacent Guadalcanal Coast, in the British Solomon Islands, occurred on Sunday, April 30, last.

The shock, which was followed by a tidai wave, reached its greatest force at about 2 p.m.

All the plantations on Cape Marsh sunered considerable damage. With the exception of Mr. Carlton Younger’s plantation of Nono, and Yandina, the property of the Malayta Co., Messrs, severs Pacific Plantation Pty. Co. control the cultivated areas in the district.

The greatest damage was done to the buildings on the shore, though all suffered more or less.

At West Bay, nothing was left of either the ration store, hospital, or their contents. The wharves at Somata, Banika and Ufa were wrecked.

At Somata, the boat shed and hospital were also wrecked. At Faiami, the hospital and Chinese quarters were wrecked, and considerable damage was done to the copra drier, bungalow and all other buildings. At Banika, the copra store, hospital and the shore buildings suffered the greatest damage. At Ufa, the hospital and Chinese quarters were wrecked; while at Pepesala and Lingatu damage to all buildings was considerable.

From the adjacent Guadalcanal coast, it is reported that Lavoro Plantation has been completely wrecked and at Visale, the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Mission on Guadalcanal, in addition to heavy damage, there has been loss of life among the natives.

The damage already reported is estimated at some thousands of pounds.

The Government vessel left Tulagi, on receipt of the news, for a tour of the stricken area.

French Awards For Saving

LIFE From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Apr. 20.

THE Bulletin de Press, of French Oceania has published the following:— “The Governor is happy to inform the public that, according to a telegram sent by Monsieur the Minister of Merchant Marine, delegate of French Oceania, the following awards have been accorded in relation to the life-saving operations at the wreck of the ‘Tiare Avaro’, November 20, 1938; Medal Silver-Gilt (Vermeil) Monsieur Georges Bailly.

Medal of Silver M. Frank Teuruorono.

M. Teporo A Tamata.

Medal of Bronze M. Henri Davio.

M. Aria A Mihimana.

M. Hotu A Niva. £l. Punuatoa A Taumihau.

M. Rene Roo Temauri.

M. Mauritua A Tamata.

“The candidature of Captain Carlson of the ‘Tamara’, for promotion in L’Ordre du Merite Maritime, has been directed, “The Governor renews his compliments to these courageous savers of life.” 63 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16. 1939

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Pattern Service

EACH month we publish a Fashions design.

“ patterns of which may be purchased by our readers direct from this office, post free. To obtain a pattern, print your name and address below, giving the number of the pattern and the bust size, and send to “Pattern Department’’, Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, G.P.0., Sydney; enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps.

It will be sent by return mail.

Name Address 0,428.—A CHARMING BOLERO STYLE.—The popular vogue for two-tone ensembles is carried out in this smart style. The bodice and sash are of chic printed fabric, while the skirt of the frock, and the perky little bolero, are fashioned from plain material. Size 36 inch bust takes three and a quarter yards 36 inch, and one and a quarter yards contrasting fabric. Long sleeves takes three-eighths yard extra. Sizes 32 to 40 inch bust. Paper pattern, 1/1.

Miss I. Foulcher, a worker for the Methodist Mission at Kadavu, Fiji, returned to the Colony by the last “Aorangi” after extended furlough in Australia.

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“Empty Them

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Impudent Nazis in Pacific Territories THERE are persistent reports that Nazi activity is going on and is being tolerated by the Administration in Western Samoa.

The indications, however, are that, so far as the Pacific is concerned, a mere handful of Germans are carrying out the Hitler policy of creating disaffection in other countries. The 1936 census showed, in Western Samoa, 37 German nationals, and 499 Euronesians who claimed German descent. The Nazis will have nothing to do with people of mixed blood, so very few of the 499 are likely to be pro-Nazi. So far as the 37 are concerned, it may be said positively of the great majority, that while they have a proper pride in their German blood, they have no love for Hitler and his Nazis.

But, while most of these reports may be discounted, it may be pointed out that the Samoan Administration is charged persistently with showing extraordinary tolerance for the anti-British activities of a few Nazi-Germans.

In one communication we have received from Apia, it is declared that far too many Nazi-Germans and their relations are allowed to occupy safe positions in the service of the Administration and Reparations Estates. Such positions should be reserved for British people or for the Germans who are “playing the game”. Pointed reference is made to the Public Works Department (where, it is alleged, “rabid” Nazis are employed), and to the Reparations Estates. A key official in the latter organisation is described as “the most dangerous Nazi agent in Samoa”. It is said that he is “the pet of the Administration, and can get anything from them”.

Another statement is: “If war broke out between Britain and Germany, a large proportion of the Administration officials here would have to be interned”.

There may be exaggeration here: but if only a part is true, it would appear that the defence position in Samoa needs examination. In April, the appointment of Lieut.-Colonel W. C. Harley, as Commander of the Samoan Local Defence Force was announced, and applications for enrolment in the Force were invited.

It would be absurd if, side by side with the defence organisation, the authorities permitted any activity by the Nazis, who are directly responsible for this era of world disturbance and furious armament.

There should be no apologies about it.

British authorities everywhere should empty out of their territories any German responsible for even a squeak of Nazi propaganda. There is a good home for them in Germany, where they may “Heil Hitler” and strut to their heart’s content.

But the British should be equally careful to put no injustice upon non-Nazi Germans. It is becoming increasingly clear that there are many millions of Germans who find the Nazi Creed just as intolerable as do the democratic peoples. It is not easy always to make a distinction. Non-Nazi Germans often do not declare themselves—they are liable, if they do, to be murdered by Nazi gangsters.

A Few Words From Samoa

Letter to the Editor IN addition to having an air base here in Samoa, we also are to have a Local Defence Force, which is to be comprised only of men who are British subjects. The Adminstration has already issued the forms of enlistment, on which it states that the prospective soldier will serve under the conditions now ruling.

Inquiries as to these conditions have been made of each of the attesting officers, who are unable to give any information on the subject. So it would seem that the Administration want men to join up in a Force where conditions are of no importance —unless, of course, it means the conditions regarding employment as now in force in Samoa.

A lot of British subjects are out of work, while the Government Departments are employing German nationals.

The Public Works Department has over 75 per cent, of its staff Germans, the New Zealand Reparation Estates, outside staff, over 50 per cent. None of these are wanted in the Defence Force.

I am, etc., UNION JACK.

Apia, April 4. 65 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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Another Little

SHIP!

Profligate New Guinea Adds to Its Fleet From a Special Correspondent RABAUL, May 1.

SPECULATION has been aroused in non-official circles by an advertisement in the “Commonwealth Gazette” of April 13, calling tenders for the construction of a wooden motor vessel, with a length of 87 feet, for the Administration services •in Mandated New Guinea.

Boat-builders in the Territory were not given a chance to tender, specifications being available only at Melbourne, Brisbane, and Sydney.

New Guinea residents want to know where the money is coming from. And to w"hat use is this large vessel to be put?

The public has only half-recovered from the expenditure incurred in putting the Government schooner-yacht “Dorunda” into running order. This craft was a gift, in 1937, from the Queensland Government, but one hears that it has cost the Administration about as much to put it in running order as the vessel cost when it was originally constructed.

An expensive gift.

And, now, vessels with lengths of 87 ft. cannot be built for a song. The question arises: Does the Territory Administration require further ships? It alreadv has the “Dorunda”. “Sirius”, “Nereus”. “Leander”, “Eros”, “Poseidon” and “Thetis”, to say nothing of the “Lolabau” and four Government launches.

Had local finances been in a healthy condition perhaps there would not be such consternation. General opinion— that is; from non-official sources, and naturally not in a position to quote official figures, but nevertheless endowed with a certain amount of perspicacity— tips that the financial year, ending in June, will have a balance on the wrong side of the ledger—despite the fact that the surplus in December, 1938, was still around £21,000, The idea of such a vessel probably had its birth several years ago, when Japanese trocas poachers were causing considerable annoyance. It was suggested then that an Administration vessel should be obtained which could, if occasion demanded, be converted into a patrol vessel, similar to the “Larrakia”, stationed at Darwin. Considerable publicity was given to the Federal Government’s consent for such a craft. But that was some years ago. At present there are neither funds nor poachers to warrant such action.

The King'S School And The

PACIFIC Letter to the Editor CAN you tell me whether William Grant Broughton, who from 1836 to 1847 held the high office of Bishop of Australia, visited any of the Pacific Islands groups; and whether this is the same gentleman who founded the King’s School?

I am, etc., ANGLICAN.

Sydney, 8/5/1939. (During the time that Bishop Broughton was Bishop of Australia, his large diocese included certain of the Pacific Islands groups. We have nothing to show what actually were the boundaries of the diocese, but it is on record that Bishop Broughton made a number of Visits to the Pacific Islands. He was the actual founder of the King’s School, Parramatta, in 1834, and it is said of him that “his energy and vision conceived the project, formulated the plan on which it was to be established, conferred on it its name, shielded it from a hostile government which threatened its early existence, and for the first twenty years of its life gave support and encouragement to its master.”

OFF DUTY!

Malakai Veisamasama, Native Medical Practitioner in the service of the Gilbert & Ellice Islands Colony Government, and stationed at Tarawa, in the Gilbert Islands, is a Fijian by birth, trained at the Medical School at Suva, and has seen service under various European doctors. His seventeen years’ Government service has covered a wide field, including Fiji, the Solomons and the Gilberts. In April, he left on extended vacation leave, during which he will place two of his children at school in Suva. His wife, also Fijian-born, was trained in Suva as a Native Obstetric Nurse. 66 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Trade Conditions In

PACIFIC Value of "Alternative" Industries ONE sometimes hears it said in Sydney that, as the price of copra had been at a somewhat low level for several months, there must be some diminution in the trading turnover in the Pacific where copra is the commonest article of exchange This might have been true ten years ago, but it is not the case to-day. Practically every Territory now has provided itself with an industry which supplies a source of revenue alternative to copra production: with the result that, when copra is at a high price, everyone is very well off indeed, but when copra falls to a low price, the merchants and traders of the various territories can carry on without serious disturbance.

The Mandated Territory of New Guinea has the gold industry, which provides rich revenue; Papua now is producing large quantities of rubber, and, in addition, the country is receiving substantial benefits from the expenditure of large sums of money on the search for oil; Fiji’s principal industry is sugar production, and now gold production is coming up in advance of copra production. Both Samoa and Fiji receive substantial income from the export of bananas to New Zealand. So also does Tonga and the Cook Islands—both were hard hit in the depression, when they were more dependent on copra, and they have learned their lesson.

If anv proof were needed of the statement that the low price of copra does not mean depression in the Pacific Territories, it is seen in the annual balance sheets just issued by Messrs. Burns, Philp &! Co., Ltd., and Messrs. Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

The senior company made a profit of a quarter of a million (£lO,OOO better than last year, and £25,000 better than in 1937). The net profit of the South Sea Company was down a little, compared with 1938, but it was substantially larger than the average of the last five years.

Who Found Those New Guinea Pygmies?

Letter to the Editor MY husband, the late Mr. Frederick Schmahl, formerly of New Guinea, said to me, when he read the article in the February issue of the “P.1.M.” (in which reference was made to the discovery of a tribe of pygmies in New Guinea, and to statements made by Father Kirschbaum) that he would like to see honour to whom honour is due. I know that he intended to write to you on the matter: but he was very ill, and suffering a lot of pain, and I am afraid that he did not do so.

Since then my husband has passed away and I am writing to you because I noticed in one of his letters to me he said: “I translated Father Kirschbaum’s book at the Land Department in Rabaul, and from the information thus made availabe to me I am able to say that it was Mr. Eithbach, a planter, who first encountered that tribe of pygmies in New Guinea. Mr. Eithbach had some of these pygmies working for him, and it was he who drew Father Kirschbaum’s attention to the tribe.”

I am, etc., A. SCHMAHL.

Brisbane.

Mr. and Mrs. G. A. Loudon, of Port Moresby, with their son lan, returned to Papua by the “Bulolo” at the end of April. lan Loudon has now got his ‘‘A”

Flying Certificate, but is still too young to sit for his “B” Certificate. 67 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

Feb. 22.

Mar. 22.

Apl. 19 Ore, long tons 13,520 14,750 13,650 Pine gold, oz 3,847 4,188 4,023 Dwt. a ton 5.7 5.6 5.8 Head value, dwt 6.13 6.31 6.5 Residue, dwt 0.39 0.5 0.47 ♦Concentrates, tons 5 14 y 2 11 Containing fine oz. est. 28 100 95 Feb.

Mar. ♦Apr. 22. 22. 19.

Mill ran, hours .. 634 623 577 Ore treated, tons .. , 2,305 2,355 2,185 Head value, dwt. .. , 28.4 28.33 28.18 Gold, fine oz 3,160 *3,210 2,944 Dwt. a ton 27.42 27.69 26.95 Silver, fine oz 773 563 510 Residues assay, dwt. .. 1.10 1.07 1.23 Residues treated, tons . — 380 228 Gold, fine oz 20 31 7 Four weeks ended Jan. 25.

Feb. 22. Mar. 22. Anr. 19.

Ore, tons 2,977 3,554 3,310 2,826 Gold, fine oz. 597 712 652 633 Value, £ A .. 5,224 6,230 5,705 5,538 Jan.

Feb.

March.

Cubic yards 1,196,000 1,138,000 1,275,000 Bullion, oz 17,778 14,848 16,686 Gold, fine, oz. 12,268 10,246 11,513 VALUE— Aust. currency* . . . £107,345 £89,652 £100,739 Value per c. yd. . /21.5 /18.9 /18.9 Working profit . £75,810 £63,376 £71,277 Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Edie Creek mill— Ore, tons 3,011 3,011 3,443 Gold, oz., fine .. .. 944 852 1,111 Silver, oz., fine .. .. 3,730 3,365 4,143 Alluvial— Gold, oz., fine . . .. 1,217 1,035 969 Silver, oz., fine .. .. 908 766 716 Golden Ridges mill— Tons treated 2,136 2,426 2,804 Gold, oz., fine .. 938 1,012 1,015 Silver, oz., fine .. 1,228 1,379 1,545 Operating profit— Edie Creek, £ . . 2,069 680 2,523 Alluvial, £ 3,884 2,644 1,918 Golden Ridges, £ .. 1,832 2,540 1,627 Mining Ore Treatment Machinery

Complete Cyanide

Plants Supplied

Dorr Classifiers Dorr Thickeners Dorr Agitators Oliver Filters Merril Crowe Zinc Dust Gold Precipitation Richardson Mine Fans •

Fans And Air Heaters

For Ventilation, Copra Drying Rooms, etc. • Enquire from

Crossle, Duff And

MACINTOSH LTD. 52 Bridge Street. SYDNEY Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd SYDNEY Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . . PILES . . . POLES . . . SLEEPERS. Etc.

EXPORTING TO PACIRC ISLANDS SINCE 1893 Cables: Tuxedo, Sydney “G” and “D”

The Beginning and End of GOLD • From the virgin gold to the finished refined Ingot . . from beginning to end . . gold is scientifically and accurately treated in the modem laboratories and works of Garrett & Davidson.

The letters “G” and “D” , . . the beginning and end of gold, stand for Garrett & Davidson, and represent the highest ideals of business integrity . . . efficient service . . . topmost ruling prices . . . and prompt payments.

Once you transact your Gold business with the house of ‘‘G. & D.”, we are confident you will contact with no other, because Garrett & Davidson give you that extra service that welds them to their clients for all time.

GARRETT & DAVIDSON PTY. LTD.

Assayers ~ Metallurgists Refiners

REGENT & GEORGE STS., SYDNEY.

Dr. K. Washington Gray, chief geologist of Australian Petroleum Co., Pty., Ltd., returned to Port Moresby, Papua, by airliner at the end of April, after spending short leave in Australia.

Mining News

From Fiji EMPEROR GOLD MINING CO., LTD. nMPEROR GOLD MINING CO., LTD., Tavua, *- Fiji, advises that the figures for the last three production periods compare as follow: ♦Stacked, pending further treatment.

The company announced at the end of April that a third dividend of 6d. a share will be paid on May 31. The distribution will take £47 500 bringing total payments to £190,000. The company became a dividend-payer last November when shareholders received 1/- a share.

LOLOMA (FIJI) MINES, N.L.

March operations of Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines, N.L., were as follows:—Main shaft, 120 ft. level: Intermediate north drive off No 3 shaft to 144 ft., value 129 to 144 ft. low. During period nearly 32 in. rain fell, retarding development and necessitating extensive repairs to roads.

The clean-up report from Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines, N.L., for the four weeks ended April 19 are compared in the following table ♦Plant shut down 3 days over Easter; higher residues mainly due condition of roast after holidays.

A dividend of 1/- a share, payable on June 6, has been declared by the directors. Books close on May 25.

MT. KASI MINES, LTD.

Yields from the Mount Kasi mines at Vanua Levu, Fiji, for the past four months, are compared in the following table:— From New Guinea BULOLO GOLD DREDGING, LTD.

PRODUCTION of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd.’s dredges in New Guinea from January to March was:— *At £AB/15/- per fine ounce.

The directors of Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., have declared an interim dividend of 1 dollar 50 cents (Canadian), payable on June 10. Shares are fully paid-up at 5 dollars, and the rate of profit is 33%.

PLACER DEVELOPMENT, LTD.

Placer Development, Ltd., has declared an unchanged interim dividend of 60 cents (Canadian) per share, payable June 10, plus exchange as at May 22 (rate unchanged). This dividend, which is for the period ending April 30, 1940, is less Canadian absentee tax of 5 per cent. The shares are fully paid-up at one dollar (Canadian), and the rate of profit is 60 per cent.

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS, LTD.

A progress report for January to March has been Issued by the Mining Trust, Ltd., consulting engineers for New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd.:— ENTERPRISE OF NEW GUINEA.

A report issued in mid-April by Enterprise of New Guinea Gold and Petroleum Development, N.L., said:—Surprise Creek area—diversion wall across shed of the Watut River has been enlarged and strengthened. A succession of heavy rains and floods recently damaged the head raoe and flooded workings below river level. Repairs were effected and sluicing resumed. Gold cleaned up to end of March 15y 2 oz. from 1,684 cubic yards wash, and 500 cubic yards overburden.

Owing river diversion works and floods there was no production for several weeks in the Edie Creek area. Underground development footage at Edie mine for March 249 ft. No. 1 level, west main lode face, extended in strong lode to 860 ft. from portal. No. 2 level, west main lode, 6 ft. ore in face, full width not exposed. At 350 ft. lode assayed 11 dwt. 4.8 gr. over width 60 in., full width not exposed. No. 3 level, “B” west main lode, faulted section of lode located, drive to 260 ft. in ore, average about 33 in. wide. No. 5 wiabe, between No. 2 and No. 3 levels, main lode, commenced and sunk in ore to 32 ft., underlie 45 degrees.

SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT, LTD.

Sunshine Gold Development, Ltd., reports that the clean-up for April yielded 78 oz. gold from 34,743 cubic yards of overburden. The general manager reports that sluicing of deep gravels began this month. 68 May 16, 1939—Pacific Islands Monthly

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr.

Cubic yards .. .. 14,196 16,482 17,834 15,609 Gold, oz 293 445 463.1 310 Per cubic yard .. 3/1 4/0*% 3/10% 2/11% Working cost .. .. 1/5 Vi 1/5 1/5 1/4 Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apl.

Crushed, tons . 2,612 2,728 2,754 2,616 Gold, oz., fine . 329 367 374 339 Silver, oz. .. . 992 938 1,050 1,076 Value . £3,000 £3,275 £3,400 £3,150 Residues, gr. 6.2 7 7 7.5 Pieb. Mar. April.

Mill treated, tons ,. .. 3,031 2,850 3,056 Bullion, oz 2,788 2,701 2,966 Gold, fine oz 808 757 808 Silver, fine oz 1,915 1,878 2,088 Est. value £6,574 £6,166 £6,591 (Gold at £A8 per oz.) Value per ton 43/5 43/4 43/2

Kangaroo Brand

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Pressure 601bs. to sq. inch.

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Further particulars from; & £ NELSON & ROBERTSON Pty. Ltd., n Mine Owners and Contractors BRING YOUR PLANT Up-t O-date USE Automatic Rockbreakers AND Drills £ These Machines are a SELF-CONTAINED UNIT and require no Air Compressor or Pipe Lines. 9 They are ready for work at all times. £ Owing to their Light Weight can be transported very easily.

Address enquiries to: Continental Compensations Pty. Ltd., 422 COLLINS ST., MELBOURNE, VIC.

SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING, LTD.

Early in May the field manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing, Ltd., New Guinea, reported that the last four yields compared as follows: In the first week of April the pipe lines, elevator and sluice boxes, comprising the No. 2 (Poverty Creek) Plant, were moved to a new position on that Creek at the original southern boundary. Elevating was commenced there on April 13, and to the end of the month good values were obtained.

GUINEA GOLD, N.L.

The directors of Guinea Gold, N.L., New Guinea, have declared a dividend of lid. per share, subject to variation in the present exchange rate between Vancouver and Sydney, payable on June 13. Books close June 3.

From Papua PAPUAN APINAIPI PETROLEUM CO., LTD.

Papuan apinaipi petroleum co., ltd., has applied to the Federal Government for the hire of a deep drilling plant.

The Commonwealth Drilling Inspector (Mr. E.

A. Kodyen) is to proceed to Papua by air on May 16 in order that he may advise the type of plant required.

The Co.’s general manager (Mr. Launcelot Owen) will meet Mr. Kodyen at Port Moresby, and will also confer with him on the question of transport of the plant from the landing place to the bore site.

Details of the company’s proposed deep drilling programme will also be considered.

The Co. stated at the end of April that pending the arrival in Papua of Mr. Kodyen the No. 3 Oiapu bore had been checked for verticality. The result showed a possible maximum deviation of not more than 3 deg. The drilling plant had been overhauled and was expected to resume in a few days.

Mr. Launcelot Owen reported early in May that “the results obtained in the No. 3 Oiapu bore show that the first traces of oil were met with at 140 feet, and were practically continuous to the depth bored to date, viz., 791 feet. The oil is of even lighter grade and more evanescent than that struck in the previous bores. This is what would be expected normally, as the oil met with in the No. 3 bore is the product of a further intensive selective filtration in the upper part of this strata (which is now being tested by drill for the first time), and confirms the assumption that all the oil encountered in the scout boreholes has migrated from depth through very restricted channels, becoming progressively lighter as it ascends through the strata”.

CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLDMINE, LTD.

At the annual meeting of Cuthbert’s Misima Goldmine, Ltd., in Sydney on April 28, the chairman, Mr. Frank Hambridge, said that there was reason to believe that operations for the current year would show further progress, and it was becoming apparent that the company would soon have seriously to consider working the property upon a scale commensurate with the length and width of the Umuna ore body.

Operating costs had risen slightly, Mr. Hambridge said, from £l/1/1 per ton in 1936 to £l/2/6 during the year under review. This was principally accounted for by the increased distance the ore had to be trucked from the various levels to the battery. The second haulage tunnel had been driven to overcome this disability.

As long as plant capacity was limited to 40,000 tons per annum, Mr. Hambridge added, the oxidised ore only need be considered, but if the possibility of exploiting the sulphide zone was considered, a plant capable of treating about 1,000 tons per day would probably be needed.

The southern section of the mine, the one at present worked, would yield sufficient oxidised ore to keep the treatment plant running for 10 years. The northern section, which was gradually being opened up, would be an equally prolific producer, it was hoped.

There was some evidence that the oxidised ore in the southern section extended below No. 2, the lowest level now worked. The lode below No. 2 might soon be tested, because apart from proving additional oxidised ore there was a chanoe of encountering an enrichment.

Figures for the April clean-up from Cuthbert’s mine on Misima Is., Papua, compare with the two previous yields as follows: YODDA GOLDFIELDS LTD.

A statement issued by Yodda Goldfields, Limited, reports that the amount of gold won during April totalled 79 ounces 8 dwt.

AUSTRALASIAN PETROLEUM CO. PTY. LTD.

Australasian Petroleum Co. Pty. Ltd. reports that air photographic work in Papua for the season has been completed, and attention has been transferred to operations in New Guinea.

A total of 7,500 square miles of territory has been photographed to date. Geological work in both Papua and New Guinea is going ahead steadily.

MANDATED ALLUVIALS, N.L.

The directors of Mandated Alluvials reports that the ninth shipment of 30 tons of matte reached Port Kembla on April 5, and a further shipment of 32 tons has arrived in Australia. Complete assays are not yet available, but trial assays of both lots give the approximate total contents as 470 oz. fine gold, 1,300 oz. silver, and 22 tons copper.

To complete the issue of the total authorised capital of the company, Mandated Alluvials, N.L., has offered to shareholders the 2,000 shares originally reserved, in the proportion of one for every 49 shares held on March 25.

GOLD MINES OF PAPUA LTD.

Returns for the past four months from Gold Mines of Papua Limited, at Misima Island, in Eastern Papua, show:— 69 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

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Levenson'S Radio

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Write for Punch Board Leaflets 70 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Head Office ]

278 Post Office Place, 160 BROADWAY, MELBOURNE, VIC. SYDNEY, N.S,W. 50 Victoria Street, WELLINGTON, N.Z.

Australian Short Wave Broadcast A NATIONAL Short Wave Programme is broadcast daily from Lyndhurst, near Melbourne, Victoria, for listeners in the Western Pacific. Call signs: Before 6 p.m. VLR3; after 6.15 p.m. VLR.

Wave lengths: Before 6 p.m. 25.25 metres; after 6.15 p.m. 31.23 metres. Frequencies: Before 6 p.m. 11880 Kcs.; after 6.15 p.m. 9580 Kcs.

A M. Daily Week Dats

6.30 Market Reports. 6.45 National News Bulletin. 6.55 Early News Bulletin. 7.00 Physical Exercises. 7.10 Music. 8.00 Australian and Overseas News. 8.15 Music. 10.00 Daily Broadcast Service. 10.15 Close. 12.00 Time Signal and Broadcast to Schools, p.m. 12.20 Wheat and Grain Report. 12.25 Stock Exchange Reports and London Metal Prices. 12.40 Commentary by “The Watchman”. 1.00 Time Signal and News Bulletin, 1.30 Afternoon Musical Programme. 6.00 Close 6.15 Dinner Music. 7.00 (Saturday excluded) Market Reports. 7.15 Overseas News Service. 7.25 News Commentary. 7.30 Australian News. 7.40 Talk. 10.30 Late News. 10.40 Late Market Reports. 11.00 Music. 11.20 Summary of Day’s News. 11.30 Close.

P.M. Every Saturday

12.40 Music. 1.15—5.30 Description of current sporting and athletic events, Interspersed with music. 6.00 Close. 6.45 Sporting Session. 7.35 Sporting Highlights of the Week. 11.00 Dance Music. 12.00 Close.

Every Sunday

8.00 News Bulletin. 8.10 Sporting Session. 8.20 Musical Programme. 9.30 Summary of Week’s News. 9.40 Music. 10.00 News. 10.30 “Singers of Renown”. 11.00 Divine Service, p.m. 12.15 Music. 1.30 Close. 3.00 Re-open—Talk. 3.20 Musical Programme. 6.00 Close. 6.15 Re-open. 6.30 “Adventures in Music”. 7.00 Talk. 7.20 News Bulletin. 9.15 Talk on International Affairs. 10.20 News. 10.30 Close.

JUNE 1 TO JUNE 18 June 1 (Thurs.) —1.30 p.m. Woodend Races; 8.10 A.B.C. Symphony Orchestra; 9.05 Talk.

June 2 (Fri.) —9 p.m. Brass Band Music; 9.30 Ballad Concert; 10 Light Orchestral Programme.

June 3 (Sat.) —1.15 p.m. Race Descriptions; 8.10 Pianoforte Recital; 9.10 Orchestral Music; 10 Mastersinger’s Quartet Recital.

June 4 (Sun.) —5 p.m. Brass Band Music; 5.30 Talk —Robert Clive; 8.15 Play; 9.30 Spivakovsky Duo.

June 5 (Mon.) —8 p.m. Serial, “Singapore Spy”; 8.30 Ballad Concert; 9 Military Band; 10 Modern Music.

June 6 (Tues.) —1.30 p.m. Sunbury Races; 8.10 Arthur Schnabel (pianist); 9.45 Instrumental Trio; 10.15 Story.

June 7 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Ascot Races; 8 Request Items; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert”; 9.20 Symphony Orchestra.

June 8 (Thurs.) —1.30 p.m. Wllliamstown Races; 830 Band Recital; 9 Talk; 9.10 Piano Recital; 10 Wireless Chorus.

June 9 (Fri.) —8 p.m. Play; 9 Flute Quartet Recital; 9.15 Ballad Concert; 9.45 Concert Orchestra.

June 10 (Sat.) —1.15 p.m. Race Descriptions; 920 Georg Szell and Melbourne A.B.C. Symphony Orchestra: 11 Jim Davidson’s Band.

June 11 (Sun.) —7.30 p.m. Harry Bloom and Salon Orchestra; 9.30 Spivakovsky Duo (piano and violin).

June 12 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Race Descriptions; 8 Serial, “Singapore Spy”; 9 Military Band; 10 Modern Music.

June 13 (Tues.) —8 p.m. John C. Thomas (baritone); 8.10 Piano Recital; 9.15 A.B.C.

Symphony Orchestra.

June 14 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Mentone Races; 740 Dramatised Talk; 8 Request Items; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert”; 9.45 Roy Agnew (pianist) .

June 14 (Thurs.) —1.30 p.m. Mornington Races; 8 Tossy Spivakovsky (violinist); 9 Masbersinger’s Quartet; 9.15 Sydney Orchestral Recital.

June 16 (Fri.)—B p.m. Play; 9 National Military Band; 9.30 A.B.C. Wireless Chorus; 9.45 Krips (Instrumental) Ensemble; 10.15 Davidson’s Dandies.

June 17 (Sat.) —1.05 p.m. Race Descriptions; 8 Old Time Dancing; 10.10 Dance Music.

VK-2ME Short-wave Broadcast Commencing on June 4, every Sunday, from the above station (Amalgamated Wireless Experimental short-wave station, Sydney), a pro- 71 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

Swiss Watches

Importers are invited to ask for J.N.G.E. Lists of Swiss watches, also for sample assortments, containing complete ranges of best selling wrist watches, costing about 15/- to 30/- (English Currency)—sure to give full satisfaction.

Alex. F. W. Schwabach, Basle, Switzerland.

Ship Chandlery Hardware /Write for j Ship Chandlery / Catalogue. -J Special “In Bond” Prices for all Islands enquiries quoted on application.

Broomfield'S Limited

152 SUSSEX STREET :: SYDNEY.

Cables “Boom”, Sydney.

Large and Complete Stocks of

Ship Chandlery

IRONMONGERY OF ALL KINDS, PAINTS, WHITE LEAD AND OILS.

Sole Agents for: P. H. MUNTZ & CC.’s 3-CROWN BRAND METAL SHEATHING.

PEACOCK & BUCHANS’ ENGLISH READY-MIXED PAINTS.

W hen friends drop in for a a J r* mm a A A You can be the perfect host if there's always a bottle of Dewar's on hand. Its alluring mellowness and ripe old age never fail to please the most discr iminati ng tastes DEWAR’S

Scotch Whisky

gramme is broadcast from 3 p.m. to 5 p.m.; from 8 p.m. to midnight; and from 2.30 a.m. to 4.30 a.m. (Monday morning). The above are Eastern (Australian) Standard Times. The wave-length is 31.38 metres, and the frequency is 9590 K/cs. The programme is interesting and varied.

Copra Prices

During June, the Late News Bulletin, which includes oversea news and copra prices, will be broadcast in this service at 3.45 a.m.

Mr. S. G. Middleton has relieved Mr.

T. Gough as European Constable in Port Moresby, Papua.

Islands Produce

Coffee THE following quotations were obtained in Sydney in mid-May:— Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment, Sydney: Quote No. 1; 27/- per cwt.; quote No. 2: 19/3 per cwt.

Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. —No. 1 quotations; (New season prompt shipment)—Grade “A”, 58/-; grade “B”, 55/6; grade “C”, 53/-; Triage, 38/-. No. 2 quotations: Grade “A”: New season’s supplies are not yet available. Last quote was 60/-; grade “B”, new season, 56/-; grade “C”, 55/-.

Triage, 37/6 (drought coffee), No. 3 quotations: Grade “B”, 51/-; grade “C”, 42/-.

Mysore, f.a.q., April shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”, 58/6; grade “B”, 49/6. No. 2 quotations: Grade “A”, 61/-; grade “B ”, 56/-; Triage, 48/-.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney—No. quotation, 66/per cwt. No. 2 quotation, 72/- per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges: Exchange, duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent.), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.i.f. official prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid-May were; Average Java, 7 27-32 d. per lb., and Prime Japara, 7 7-16 d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: New Guinea cocoa £26-28 per ton. 1 Quote No. 2: Accra, good fermented, £25/ 10/- per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Quote No. 3: No sales for some months, last quote was £3l per ton.

Cotton London c.i.f. cotton prices during the month were: April 14, 4.61 d. lb., May shipment; April 21, 4.60 d. lb., May shipment; April 28, 4.51 d. lb., June shipment; May 5,4.66 d. lb., June shipment.

Ivory Nuts No. 1 quotation: £6 per ton, f.o.b.

No. 2 quotation: £7 per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Quotations nominal.

Rice Rangoon rice: packed in 100 lb. bags, £l2/ 15/- per ton; 200 lb. sacks, £l2/10/- per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 56 lb. bags, £lB per ton.

Trochus Shell Owing to Japan’s restrictions on overseas credits, there have been no sales for some time.

Quotations are nominal. (a) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £7l Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £6l Trochus shell, No. 3 grade £49 (b) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £72 Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £6l Trochus shell, No. 3 grade £4B All quotes are f.0.b., and on the Australian £.

Mother of Pearl Shell At -the sales of Mother of Pearl Shell, held in London in March, a small supply of Torres Strait shell came forward, but was mostly withdrawn being limited above buyers’ ideas of prices. Some 76 packages of fair defective pickings were sold at 77/6 (sterling) per cwt. There was no New Guinea or Cook Islands shell offered. Nearly 100 packages of Tahitian and Fijian Black Edged were put up, 20 being sold at 55/- for fair to good colour to 27/6 for small and medium.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, good quality, was quoted nominally by Sydney buyers in mid-May at: Quote No. 1, £5O per ton. Quote No. 2, £45 per ton. 72 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Buying.

Selling. £ s. d. £ s. d Telegraphic transfer .. 110 15 0 112 0 0 On demand .. 110 12 6 111 17 6 BANK OF Quoted by NEW SOUTH WALES Average for in Australia.

Australia on Papeete. week ended 17/4/39 .

Francs to £ Australian 138.48 Average for week ended 24/4/39 . 138.45 Average for week ended 1/5/39 . 138.45 Average for week ended 8/5/39 . 138.45 Average for Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian week ended 17/4/39 138.33 Average for week ended 24/4/39 . 138.30 Average for week ended 1/5/39 . 138.30 Average for week ended 8/5/39 . 138.30 Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £ 125 0 0 On Demand £123 0 0 124 17 6 30 days 122 15 0 124 15 0 60 days 122 10 0 124 12 6 90 days 122 5 0 124 10 0 120 days 122 0 0 124 7 6 London Price on Copra South Sea, Sun-dried to London Per ton, c.i.f.

Plantation, Hot-air Dried, Rabaul Per ton, c.i.f.

January 1, 1932 .. £14 0 0 £14 15 0 March 25 .. £14 17 6 £15 0 0 June 17 .. .. £13 2 6 £13 5 0 September 2 , .. £13 17 6 £14 0 0 December 16 . . .. £14 2 6 £14 « 0 January 6, 1933 £13 0 0 £13 12 6 March 3 .. £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 . .. £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December ] L .. . . .. £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 30 £7 7 6 £8 0 0 Jan. 28 .. . £11 17 6 £12 0 0 £12 15 0 Feb. 4 . . . £11 2 6 £11 10 0 £12 7 6 Feb. 25 . . £11 2 6 £11 5 0 £12 5 0 Mar. 4 . £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Mar. 25 . . £10 12 6 £10 15 0 £11 12 6 Apr. 1 . . £10 10 0 £10 12 6 £11 10 0 May 6 . £10 17 6 £10 17 6 £11 17 6 May 27 . . £10 0 0 £10 0 0 £10 15 0 June 15 £8 0 0 £8 12 6 September 7 .. £7 12 6 £8 15 0 December : 28 £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4. 1935 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 March 1 £12 2 6 £12 15 0 June 7 .. £11 15 0 £12 7 6 September 6 .. £9 17 6 £10 17 6 December ( 3 .. £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles, to London Rabaul.

Price on— -Per ton.c.i.f.

Per ton, c.l.f.

Per ton.c.l.i.

Jan. 3. ’36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £14 0 0 Mar. 6 . . £11 15 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 June 5 . . £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 b Sept. 4 . £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Dec. 4 . . £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8, ’37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £23 12 6 Mar. 5 . . £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 June 4 £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 Sept. 3 . . £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Dec. 3 . . £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Jan. 7. ’38 £12 12 6 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 25 YEARS OF SERVICE William E. Reed (Established 1913)

Broker & Agent

Union House, 24T George St.. Sydney For all Plantation and Trading Requirements. Enquiries welcome. ■s s< / 0

Its Cooler

Cane-ite ensures that outside heat STAYS outside. It “breaks down” the temperature. There’s as much as 15 degrees difference between a Cane-ite lined house and any other.

It costs so little to line a borne with white-ant-proofed, easily applied Cane-ite that it seems foolish to go on living in unnecessary heat and discomfort. 85 In a CANE*ITE Lined home • Cane-ite is an absolute “gift” to home-builders in the Islands. Durable, inexpensive and easily handled, Cane-ite is supplied in boards of just the right sizes and thicknesses. It can be applied over existing walls by any intelligent carpenter, in either of its normal colours (Natural or Ivory), or it can be painted to harmonise with any colour scheme.

MAIL THIS COUPON TO-DAY.

The Colonial Sugar Refining Company

LIMITED (Building Materials Division)* Please send me sample and literature on ( ) CANE-ITE ( ) MASONITE NAME ADDRESS And don’t forget that Cane-ite deadens sound as well; brings a new peacefulness to every home.

Whether you are building a new home or modernising an existing one, Cane-ite will solve the heat problem for you and give you a degree of comfort never before possible under Island conditions.

JUST A REMINDER , that MASONITE PRESDWOOD is (< the wonder board of 1,000 Uses”.

Send for details. *Mail to your nearest branch —Sydney, Melbourne, , Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth. 36-5, CA-4-9. |

The Cane Fibre Insulating Board

Exchange Rates THE following exchange quotations, gathered in Sydney, show the rates existing in mid-May;— FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W 7 .

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on FIJI on basis of £lOO FIJI: Buying £AIII/2/6, selling £AII3.

Flji-London on basis £lOO London:—

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Bates

NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Pt. Moresby 10/- per cent.; on Rabaul 10/- per cent.—Other New Guinea districts £ 1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London; — Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100, Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia on Papua 10/- per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of 10/- per cent.; Australia on Rabaul 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London; Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney, are on basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less % per cent, (approx.) either way.

As quoted by the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris, in Sydney, and the Banque de ITndochine, Noumea. On May 11, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 140.70 francs, £lOO Australian would purchase a draft in Noumea of 13,985 francs.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa —buying £AIOO, selling £AIOO/10/-.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £lOO in London: — Market Quotations 73 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

June 3 £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 12 6 July 1 . . £9 17 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Aug. 5 . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 U Aug. 26 £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 12 6 Sept. 2 £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 U Sept. 9 . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Sept. 16 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Sept. 23 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Nov. 25 £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 5 0 Dec. 2 . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Dec. 9 £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Dec. 16 £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 2 6 Dec. 23 £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Dec. 30 £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 2 6 Jan. 6. •39 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 10 0 Jan. 13 £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 7 6 Jan. 20 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Jan. 27 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Feb. 3 .. £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Feb. 10 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Feb. 17 .. £9 15 0 £10 0 0 £10 17 6 Feb. 24 £9 17 6 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 3 £10 0 0 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 10 £9 17 6 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 17 £9 15 0 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Mar. 24 £9 15 0 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Mar. 31 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 Apr. 6 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 April 14 £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 April 21 £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 April 28 £9 17 6 £10 0 0 £11 0 0 May 5 . £10 0 0 £10 5 0 £11 0 0 Rubber Plantation London Para.

Smoked.

Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6. 1933 .. . . .. 4%d. .. 2.43d.

July 7 . 3.71d.

December 8 .. 4.o%d.

January 9. 1934 .. .. 4'/»d. . . 4.28d.

July 6 . . 7.06d.

December 28 .. .. 5d. .. 6*/ 4 d.

January 4, 1935 .. . . . . 5d. .. 6%d.

July 5 . . .. 5d. .. 7y s d.

December 6 . .. 6 3 / 4 d. .. 6y e d.

January 3. 1936 .. .. .. .. 6%d. .. ey 2 d.

June 5 . .. 9d. .. 7*/ 4 d.

December 4 .... 1/- .. 9 l-16d.

January 8, 1937 . . .. .... 1/2 .. 10«/ 2 d.

June 4 .. .. lid. .. 9 5-8d.

December 3 .. .. 7‘/ 2 d. .. 7V 2 d.

January 7, 1938 .. .. .. . . 7 l / 4 d. .. 7d.

February 4 .. . . 6%d. .. ey 8 d.

March 4 .. . . 6d. .. 7Vod.

April 1 .. .. 5S/ 8 d. .. 5 7-16d.

May 6 . . .. 5%d. .. 5 5 /ad.

June 3 5|d. .. 5 9-16d.

July 1 .. .. 6%d. .. 7>/ 4 d.

August 5 . .. 7«/ 2 d. . . 7 ll-16d.

September 2 .. .. 7%d. .. 7 15/16d October 7 .. .. 8d. .. 8 3 /sd.

November 4 .. .. 8d . 8 7-16d December 2 .. .. 7>/ 2 d. . . 8d.

January 6, 1939 .. .. .... 7d. .. sy 8 d.

January 13 .... 7d. .. 7 15-16d.

January 20 .... 7d. 8d.

January 27 .. .. 6%d. .. 7 ll-16d.

February 3 .... ey 8 d. .. 7y 8 d.

February 10 .. .. 6 7 / a d. .. 7 ll-16d.

February 17 .... 7d. .. 8 l-16d.

February 24 .... 7d. .. 8 3-16d.

March 3 .. .. 7*/ 4 d. .. 8 5-16d.

March 10 . . . . 7Vad. .. 8 15-16d.

March 17 .... 7Vad. .. 8 l-16d.

March 24 .... 7 I /ad. .. 8 l-16d.

March 31 .... 7d. . . 8d.

April 6 .... 7d. .. 8d.

April 14 .. .. 7d. . . 7 15/16d.

April 21 . .. 7d. . 7 15/16d.

April 28 .. .. 7»/ 4 d. . . 8d May 5 .. .. 7>4d. .. 7 15/16d.

Sept, . 30 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Oct. 7 . , . £9 2 6 £9 2 6 £10 2 6 Oct. 4 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Oct. 21 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Oct. 28 . . £9 0 0 £9 0 0 £10 0 0 Nov. 4 . . £8 12 6 £8 12 6 £9 10 0 Nov. 11 £8 15 0 £8 15 0 £9 15 0 Nov. 18 . £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 2 6

A Complete Hair Cutting Outfit

for Home use. 25/- Post Free for Cosh.

Contains 1 Barber's Scissors, 1 No. 1 Hair Clipper, 1 No. 0000 Trimming Clipper and 1 Comb.

Just Published

New fully illustrated Catalogue of Knives, Scissors, Razors and Veterinary Instruments.

Write for your copy to-day Post Free.

W. Jno. Baker

THE CUTLERY SPECIALISTS, PTY. 3 HUNTER ST., LTD. SYDNEY, N.S.W.

ESTABLISHED 1888.

M 111 111 ll* sr= suitr WT Jjlwvl CirvuittWvw The Chapman 16ft. Cabin Launch is the most suitable allround craft for island conditions. It is used for mission duties, as a work boat, for pleasure and for fishing.

Built with the same sturdy strength and sweeping lines as the hull of the craft, the roomy cabin protects the engine and, besides, provides sleeping accommodation for two. There is ample storage space.

The power provided is a Chapman Pup Engine either 2i, 3 or h.p. easy to start simple to operate - and giving a good 50 miles per gallon.

Send NOW for FREE interesting details.

Chapman &Sherack

26 Clara Street, Erskineville, N.S.W.

Engine Manufacturers For Thirty Years

Broadcast Of Copra Prices

SOUTH SEAS produce prices (including copra) are broadcast weekly from Sydney as the first item in the news bulletin from A.W.A.’s world range short-wave station VK2ME each Sunday at 9 p.m., and Monday at 1.30 a.m. (9,590 kilocycles), VK2ME will transmit programmes in May on Sundays between 4 p.m. and 6 p.m. (0600—0800 G.M.T.); and on Mondays (Sydney time). Operating on a 31.28 wave length between 1.30 a.m. and 3.30 a.m. (1530 — 1730 G.M.T.).

Mr, H. D, A. Joske, a well-known journalist is paying’ a visit to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, accompanied by his wife. He hopes to spend a year or more in the Group. Mr. Joske recently spent some months among the Australian aborigines of the Cape York Peninsula, and his illustrated articles found a wide circle of interested readers. 74 May 16, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

Quotations For Mining Shares FIJI.

Mid-Oct. Mid-Jan.

Mid-May.

Emperor Mines . bl2/9 b9/ll b8/l Loloma b24/4Va b20/6 b21/ Mt. Kasl b4/4 b4/ b4/ Tavua Dev s6d b2d s6d Vatu Kasia s2/ bid —

New Guinea

Bulolo G.D b £ 6/10/ b £7/3/ b£ 6/7/6 Enterprise of N.G. b20/ b30/ b20/ Guinea Gold .... bl2/ bl5/2 bl2/ll Mt. Kalndl (Pd.) s6d s6d — N.G.G., Ltd bl/4V 2 bl/10V 2 bl/11 Oil Search b8/3 b5/ll b4/4 Placer Dev s £4 b£3/14/ b £ 3/8/ Sandy Ck bl/3 bl/7»/ 2 bl/4% Sunshine Gold .. b8/ b8/l b5/l PAPUA.

Cuthbert’s b!7/9 bl6/9 bl7/6 G.M. of Papua .. b4/2 b3/ bl/7 Mandated All. .. bl/9 b2/8 b2/9 Oriomo Oil bl3/6 b8/ s9/ Papuan Apinaipi b8/ b5/ b4/9 Yodda Goldfields b9d b7d bl/1 Subject to Alteration Without Notice.

Tanda.

Nankin.

Nellore.

Tanda Nankin.

Nellore.

Tanda.

Hong Kong Manila Rabaul June 3 June 6 June 14 June 30 July 3 July 11 Aug. 4 Aug. 7 Aug. 15 Sept. 2 Sept. 5 Sept. 13 Sept 30 Oct. 3 Oct. 11 Nov. 3 Nov. 6 Nov. 14 Dec. 2 Dec 5 Dec. 13 Dec. 19 Dec. 21 D. 25.

Brisbane ..

Sydney — Melbourne .

Hobart June 20 June 22 July 17 July 19 Aug. 21 Aug. 23 Sept. 19 Sept. 21 Oct. 17 Oct. 19 NOV. 20 Nov. 22 J. 26-Jy. 5 July 7 J. 24-A. 2 Aug. 4 A. 28—S. 2 Sept. 4 S. 25—0. 4 Oct. 6 O. 23-N. 1 Nov. 3 N.27-D. 2 Dec. 4 Newcastle ..

July 10 Aug. 7 Sept. 7 Oct. 9 Nov. 6 Dec. 7 Sydney, dep.

Brisbane ...

Rabaul Manila Hong Kong July 15 July 17 July 23 Aug. 12 Aug. 14 Aug. 20 Sept. 13 Sept. 15 Sept. 21 Oct. 14 Oct. 16 Oct. 22 Nov. 11 Nov. 13 Nov. 19 Dec. 13 Dec. 15 Dec. 21 Aug. 1 Aug. 4 Aug. 29 Sept. 1 E, & A.

Sept. 30 Oct. 3 STEAMSHIP Oct. 31 Nov. 3 CO. LTD., Nov. 28 Dec. 1 Agents.

Dec. 30 Jan. 2 — Subject to alteration without notice.

Pierre Loti.

Sydney Noumea ....

June 3 J. 7-8 June 29 Jly. 3-4 July 20 J.24-25 Aug. 17 A. 21-22 Sept. 7 Sept. 11 Sept. 21 S.25-26 Sept. 27 S. 28-29 Sept. 30 O. 1-2 Oct. 19 O. 23-25 Mare June 9 July 5 July 26 Aug. 23 — Oct. 26 Vila Luganville ...

I,p "Dart ....

June 10 June 11 J. 12-13 July 6 July 7 J. 8-9 J. 27-28 July 29 J. 30-31 Aug. 24 Aug. 25 A. 26-27 Oct. 27 Oct. 28 Norsup June 13 July 9 July 31 Aug. 27 — Oct. 2 N. 11-13 Saigon — — .

N. 16-19 Haiphong — N.24-25 Zamboanga . — Dec. 5 Luganville .. — — Dec. 6 Le Dart Vila J. 14-15 J. 10-11 A. 1-2 Aug. 28 — Oct. 3 Oct. 4 D. 7-8 Mare June 16 July 12 Aug. 3 Aug. 29 Sept. 12 Sept. 16 n q i o Noumea ....

Sydney J. 17-18 June 22 July 18 A. 4-5 Aug. 9 A. 30-31 Sept. 2 O. 5-6 Oct. 10 d. y-iz Dec. 16 .VfESS AG FRIES MARITIMES CO.. Agents.

Backed by a great name!

Fairbanks Morse

and Company Manufacturers of

Diesel Engines, Stationary, Marine

AND DREDGE SERVICE, from 10 to 1,500 H.P.

Fairbanks Scales And Weighing

MACHINES FARM ENGINES and FEED GRINDERS.

RAILROAD EQUIPMENT.

DIESEL ELECTRIC SETS, 6 to 1,200 KW„ ALTERNATING OR DIRECT CURRENT.

"Fairday" Washing Machines And

IRONERS.

PUMPING EQUIPMENT for EVERY SERVICE.

HOME LIGHTING SETS.

'7lV' Fullest information and data available from Fairbanks Morse [A/sia] Pty. Ltd. 29-33 CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY.

Mr. G. E. Aumuller, manager of Messrs.

Bums, Philp &' Co., Ltd., Samarai. Papua, arrived in Sydney by the April “Bulolo” on furlough.

Mr. W. F. Hayward, Postmaster-General of Fiji, accompanied by Mrs. Hayward returned to the Colony in mid-April by the “Remuera” after leave.

Tito Daurewa, a Fijian native student, has been raised to the priesthood by the Most Rev. Dr. C. J. Nicolas, S.M. The ceremony took place at St. Joseph’s Church, Naililili, Rewa, Fiji in April. Rev.

Father Tito Daurewa is the first Fijian student to be ordained a priest, and he spent several months studying in New Zealand.

Shipping Services in the Pacific Sydney - Rabaul - Hong Kong Sydney Noumea New Hebrides Indochina 75 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M ay 16, 1939

Aorangi. Monowal. Niagara. Monowai. Aorangi. Niagara. Aorangi.

Honolulu May 17 June 14 July 12 Aug. 9 Sept. 6 Oct. 4 Nov. 1 Suva May 26 June 23 July 21 Aug. 18 Sept. 14 Oct 13 Nov 9 Auckland .... M. 29-30 J. 26-27 J. 24-25 A. 21-22 s. 17-18 O. 16-17 N. 12-13 Sydney June 3 July 1 July 29 Aug. 26 Sept. 22 Oct. 21 Nov. 17 Sydney, dep. . June 8 July 6 Aug. 3 Aug. 31 Sept. 28 Oct. 26 Nov. 23 Auckland ... J. 12-13 J. 10-11 A. 7-8 S. 4-5 0.2-3 0.30-31 N. 27-28 Suva June 16 July 14 Aug. 11 Sept. 8 Oct. 6 Nov. 3 Dec 1 Honolulu .... June 23 July 21 Aug. 18 Sept. 15 Oct. 13 Nov. 10 Dec. 8 Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Neptuna.

Sydney . M. 26-31 Aug. 2-5 Oct. 6-11 Salamaua .. . June 7 Aug. 12 Oct. 18 Rabaul . June 9 Aug. 14 Oct. 20 Cebu (opt.) .

June 16 Aug. 21 Oct. 27 Manila . June 19 Aug. 24 Oct. 30 Hong Kong . J. 21-25 A. 26-30 Nov. 1-5 Saigon . July 1 Sept. 5 Nov. 11 Madang .... . July 12 Sept. 16 Nov. 22 Salamaua .. . July 15 Sept. 19 Nov. 25 Rabaul • July 18 Sept. 22 Nov. 28 Sydney ■ July 25 S. 29-30 Dec. 5 Melbourne ..

July 28 Oct. 2-4 Dec. 8-11 BURNS.

PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

M.V. Rabaul.

S S Suva.

London — London Rabaul Aug. 6 Panama London Oct. 25 Apia M.V. Salamaua is Suva 31 due to return to Lon- Rabaul June 12 don, after her present Capetown ..

South Seas voyage, on London Aug. 13 June 11.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co.

LTD.

S.S. Friderun.

Hong Kong Madang Salamaua Tulagi June 23 July 5 July 7 J. 12-14 Aug. 11 Aug. 23 Aug. 25 A. 30-S. 1 Rabaul J. 17-22 S. 4-7 Lorengau ..

Hong Kong July 24 Aug. 4 Sept. 11 Sept. 22 $ GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, AGENTS.

A REMINDER For Machinery, Electrical and General Equipment you cannot do better than place your orders with NOYES BROS. • MINING Crushing Machinery, Screens, Feeders, Rock Drills, Excavators, Diesel and Crude Oil Engines, Hoists and Runways, Roller Bearings, etc. • ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Parkinson Motors, Crompton Switchgear, Transformers, Instruments, Meters,Callender Wires & Cables, Lighting Equipment, Electric Drills. • STORES, FACTORIES, HOME Cr OFFICE Electrical Fittings, Crompton Fans, Crompton Lamps, Floodlighting. Household Electrical Appliances, Radio Receivers and Equipment. Jos.

Rodgers’ Cutlery and Plateware, Cut-glass and Perfection E.P.N.S. Ware.

NOYES BROS. (SYDNEY), LTD., 115 Clarence Street, Sydney. 11 Watt St., Newcastle. 197 Elizabeth St., Brisbane.

Scott’s “Renown” Brand Rope, Cordage and Binder Twine of Every Description Cable Address: Ropeyard, Sydney. ■ -

Manufactured At

MASCOT, N.S.W.

J. SCOTT PTY. LTD.

Head Office and Store: 163 CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Sydney N.Z. Fiji Hawaii On May 11, the Monowai (10,852 tons) took up the “Niagara’s” run from Sydney.

The “Niagara”, which is in dry dock, will re-enter the service on June 8, taking up the “Aorangi’s” schedule while that vessel is docked for survey. The “Aorangi” will resume on August 3 from Sydney.

UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agents.

Nauru - Ocean Island Ships are despatched by the British Phosphate Commissioners from Melbourne (Victoria) two or three times monthly, and from Auckland (New Zealand) irregularly, according to the requirements of the phosphate trade.

Sydney New Guinea - Hong Kong Europe - Suva - N.Z. - Sydney - New Guinea Fiji Inter-Island Services M.V. Matafele, 334 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.), under contract with Fiji Government. Regular four weekly itinerary comprises: Two trips Buca Bay. returning by same route to Suva —trip occupying 8 days.

Two trips each Suva to Lautoka, returning to Suva direct or via Ellington—trip occupying 3 or 4 days.

M.V. Yanawai (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.) makes regular trips from Suva to Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then returns to Suva.

Trip A: Suva-Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, returning to Suva by the same route. Duration of voyage, 8-10 days. Trip B: Suva-Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then calling at the ports on the coast beyond Labasa, Natewa Bay ports. Levuka, and Suva.

Duration of voyage, 10-12 days.

M.S. Adi Rewa (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) makes trips from Suva to Levuka and Labasa via Macuata ports—trip occupies 8 days. Leaves Suva and proceeds to Levuka, Nabouwalu, Lekutu, Dreketi, Naduri, and Labasa. Returns to Suva by same route. On alternative trips she returns from Labasa via Naduri. Nakaloa.

Dreketi, Naiserewaqa, Lekutu, Galoa, Nabouwalu and Levuka. The latter round trip from Suva occupies about 10 days.

M.S. Tui Kauvaro (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva to Levuka, calling at Lautoka and Ellington. Voyage takes 4 days.

M.V. Tui Cakau (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva and makes regular interisland trips throughout the Colony.

Hong Kong - New Guinea - Solomon Islands Subject to alteration without notice.

S.S. Friderun (cabin, third-class and deck passengers) runs from Hong Kong to New Guinea and Solomon Islands ports. In the Solomons she calls at Tulagi, Rere. Fulakora and Meringo. 76 May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Subject to Alteration Without Notice.

Bulolo.

Macdhui.

Bulolo.

Macdhui. » Bulolo.

Macdhui.

Bulolo.

Sydney Brisbane ...

Townsville . June 3 . June 5 June 21 June 23 June 26 July 12 July 14 July 29 July 31 Aug. 2 Aug. 19 Aug. 21 Sept 6 Sept. 8 Sept. 11 Sept. 12 Sept. 14 Sept. 15 S. 17-18 Sept. 27 Sept. 29 Cairns Pt. Moresby Samarai ...

Rabaul ....

June 9 June 10 J. 12-13 June 27 June 29 June 30 J. 2-3 July 18 July 19 J. 21-22 Aug. 3 Aug. 5 A. 6-7 A. 8-9 Aug. 25 Aug. 26 A. 28-29 Oct. 3 Oct. 4 Oct. 6-7 Kavieng July 4 Aug. 10 Sept. 19 — Lindenhafen June 14 July 23 Aug. 30 — Oct. 8 Salamaua t J. 15-16 J. 6-7 J. 24-25 A. 11-12 A. 31-S. 1 S. 21-22 Oct. 9-10 Lae i June 17 June 17 July 8 July 8 July 26 July 26 Aug. 13 Sept. 2 Sept. 23 Oct. 11 Alexishafen, Opt.

Aug. 14 Sept. 2 Sept. 23 Oct. 11 Wewak > Boram * J. 18-19 June 20 June 21 J. 9-10 July 11 July 27 July 28 Aug. 14 S. 3-4 Sept. 5 S. 24-25 Sept. 26 Sept. 27 Sept. 27 Oct. 12 Oct. 13 Pinschafen, Salamaua .

Opt.

July 12 July 12 July 29 Aug. 15 Aug. 16 Sept. 6 S. 7-8 Oct. 14 O. 15-16 ITflvipnp J. 22-23 J. 30-31 Sept. 29 Sept. 30 July 14 Aug. 18 — — Rabaul • • • • June 24 June 25 June 27 . June 28 July 15 Aug. 1 Aug. 19 Sept. 9 Oct. 17 Salamaua • Aug. 2 — Sept. 10 — Oct. 18 Oct. 20 Oct. 21 Oct. 25 O t. 27 3amarai ... ?t. Moresby Tfilrns July 17 July Iff July 20 Aug. 4 Aug. 5 Aug. 21 Aug. 22 Aug. 24 Sept. 12 Sept. 13 Oct. 2 Oct. 3 Oct. 5 Brisbane ...

Sydney July 2 July 4 July 23 July 25 Aug. 9 Aug. 11 Aug. 27 Aug. 29 Sept. 17 Sept. 19 Oct. 8 Oct. 10 BURNS, PH1LP AND CO., LTD., agents.

Subject to alteration without S.S. Morinda notice.

Sydney Lord Howe Norfolk Is. .

Vila Ringdove Bay Bushman’s B.

June 15 June 17 June 19 J. 22-23 June 24 July 20 July 22 July 24 J. 27-28 July 29 July 29 Aug. 19 Aug. 21 Aug. 23 Aug. 31 Sept. 2 Sept. 4 Sept. 7-8 Sept. 9 Sept. 30 Oct. 2 Oct. 4 Oct. 12 Oct. 14 Oct. 16 O. 19-20 Oct. 21 Oct. 21 Nov. 11 Nov. 13 Nov. 15 Malo Tangoa June 24 July 30 Sept. 9 — Oct. 22 - Segond ) Aoba | Hog Har. j Vila June 25 June 26 July 31 Aug. 1 — Sept. 10 Sept. 11 — Oct. 23 Oct. 24 Oct. 27 Oct. 29 Nov. 1 Nov. 16 Nov. 18 Nov. 20 Norfolk Is. . .

Lord Howe ..

Sydney June 29 July 1 July 4 Aug. 4 Aug. 6 Aug. 9 BURNS, Aug. 24 Aug. 26 Aug. 28 PHILP & Sept. 14 Sept. 16 Sept. 19 CO. LTD., Oct. 5 Oct. 7 Oct. 9 Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Wellington . June 13 July 11 Aug. 8 Apia J. 20-22 J. 18-20 A. 15-17 Niue June 24 July 22 Aug. 19 Lyttelton ... Jy. 3-4 J. 31-A 1 A. 28-29 Wellington .. July 5 Aug. 2 Aug. 30 Subject to Alteration Without Notice.

M.V. Matua.

Auckland .... May 18 June 1 June 15 Rarotonga .. May 22 — June 19 Outer Islands M. 23-24 ■ — J 20-21 Rarotonga May 25 — June 22 Nukualofa .. — J. — Apia — J. 6-7 — Suva — June 10 — Auckland ... May 30 June 13 June 27 UNION STEAM SHIP CO. LTD.

Huon Pine Boat Planks Practically Borer Proof and Everlasting, also Spotted Gum Timbers —Prices Right. r 110 Miller St., i Py©r Pyrmont, N.S.W.

New “Halvorsen” craft for the Islands Built at the modernly-equipped Halvorsen Yards, for the Australian Board of Missions, the illustration shows the new Diesel-powered Auxiliary Ketch “Patteson”, doing her trials on Sydney Harbour.

For all types of craft —Islands, Commercial or Pleasure —the “Halvorsen” reputation amply guarantees complete satisfaction and honest construction to the last detail.

Correspondence invited. mm. & 'vsmm .. * ■ ■ Lars Halvorsen Sons pty. Ltd.

DESIGNERS BUILDERS ENGINEERS.

Morris Marine Motors. NEUTRAL BAY, SYDNEY. Chrysler Marine Motors. ’Phones: XA 1035 & XA 1036.

Sydney Papua - New Guinea Sydney Norfolk Is. - New Hebrides N. Zealand-Samoa-Niue Central Pacific Services Sydney Papua N.G. Air Service Under contract with the Commonwealth Government, a weekly airmail service between Sydney, Papua, and New Guinea is conducted by W.R.C. Airlines Ltd., with two 10-seater De Havilland airliners. A ’plane leaves Kingsford-Smith aerodrome, Sydney, every Tuesday at 7 am. and calls at Brisbane (Tues.), Rockhampton (Tues.), Townsville (Tues.), Cairns (Wed.), Cooktown (Wed.), Port Moresby (Wed.), Salamaua (Wed.), and Rabaul (Thurs). The return trip from Rabaul commences, at 1 p.m. every Friday, the airliner reaching Sydney at 5.30 p.m. the following Sunday.

W. R. CARPENTER AND CO. LTD, 77 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

Subject to alteration without notice. ■ Saigon Tasman.

Maetsuycker.

Tasman.

Maetsuycker.

Tasman.

Maetsuycker. * Barentz.

June 14 July 16 Aug. 16 Sept. 16“ Oct. 18 Nov. 17 Dec. 14 Singapore ...

J. 16-17 J. 18-19 A. 18-19 S. 18-19 O.20-21 N. 19-20 D. 16-17 Batavia J. 19-21 J. 21-24 A. 21-23 S. 21-23 O. 23-25 N. 22-25 Dec. 19 Samarang . ..

June 22 July 25 Aug. 24 Sept. 24 Oct. 26 Nov. 26 Dec. 20 Sourabaya .. . June 23 July 26 Aug. 25 Sept. 25 Oct. 27 Nov. 27 Dec. 21 Pt. Moresby .

June 30 Aug. 2 Sept. 1 Oct. 2 Nov. 3 Dec. 4 Lh'C. 29 Samarai . July 1 — Sept. 2 Nov. 4 Dec. 30 Salamaua . . .

July 3 — Sept. 4 Nov. 6 Jan. 2 Rabaul J. 5-6 — S. 6-7 N. 8-9 Jan. 4-5 Vila — Aug. 7 — Oct. 6 Dec. 8 Noumea — A. 8-10 — O. 7-10 D. 9-12 Auckland ...

July 13 Aug. 13 Sept. 14 Oct. 13 Nov. 16 Dec. 15 Jan. 13 Wellington . .

July 19 Aug. 19 Sept. 20 Oct. 20 Nov. 22 Dec. 21 Jan. 19 Sydney J. 24-26 A. 23-25 S. 25-27 O.24-26 N. 27-29 D. 25-28 J 24-26 Pt. Moresby .

July 31 Aug. 30 Oct. 2 Oct. 31 ■ Dec. 4 Jan. 2 Feb. 1 Sourabaya ..

Aug. 7 Sept. 6 Oct. 9 Nov. 7 Dec. 11 Jan. 9 Feb 9 Samarang . ..

Aug. 8 Sept. 7 Oct. 10 Nov. 8 Dec. 12 Jan. 10 Feb. 10 Batavia A. 9-11 S. 8-10 O.11-13 N.9-11 D. 13-14 J. 11-12 F. 11-12 Singapore ...

Aug 13 Sept. 12 Oct. 15 Nov. 13 Dec. 16 Jan. 14 Feb. 14 Saigon Aug. 15 Sept. 14 Oct. 17 Nov. 15 — — ROYAL

Packet Navigation

CO. LIT).

Subject to Alteration Without Notice.

Mails and passengers from Sydney for Tahiti may connect with Messageries Maritimes liners at Noumea, per Pierre Loti (see Sydney-Noumea- New Hebrides service). The M.M. liner’s run between Marseilles and Noumea, via Panama Canal.

Papeete Suva (opt.) Vila Noumea Vila Raiatea Papeete D’Amiens.

J. 2-3 July 12 J. 14-21 July 24 July 31 A. 1-3 C. Ramel. Eridan.

A. 13-14 S. 23-24 Aug. 21 Oct. 2 Aug. 23 Oct. 4 A. 25— S. 2 Oc . 6-14 Sept. 5 Oct. 17 Sept. 12 Oct. 24 S. 13-15 o. 25-27 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO. LTD.7 Agents.

Norddeutscher Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong—New Guinea—British Solomon Islands Service.

Regular Sailings By

S.S. “FRIDERUN.”

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets issued to all parts of the world.

For further particulars apply to MELCHERS & CO., General Agents, P. 0.8., 423, Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO., N.D.L. Agents, Rabaul, New Guinea.

GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney. 11 J I TRAVELLING for BUSINESS or PLEASURE Whenever you travel, either inside or outside Australia, take Bank of New South Wales Travellers 7 Cheques. They are issued in amounts of £2, £5 and £lO in sterling, Australian currency or New Zealand currency. As well as being accepted by banks they can be cashed anywhere at any time —in hotels, on ships, at airports and in leading stores.

Bank Of New South Wales

Travellers' Cheques

CAN BE OBTAINED AT ALL BRANCHES OF THE BANK.

Saigon - Java - South Seas - N.Z. - Sydney Sydney - Noumea - Tahiti Service Samoa inter-island Service Operating from Pago Pago, the small vessel Tutuila makes regular trips between American Samoa and Apia, Western Samoa.

The Apia customs launch connects regularly with the Matson liners “Monterey” and “Mariposa” at Pago Pago.

U.S.A.—South Seos A new shipping service between the Pacific coast of America and the South Sea Islands was inaugurated in January with the Norwegian motor ships Thor I. and Velox. Both vessels have accommodation for about twelve passengers.

Among their ports of call are; Noumea, Townsville, Rabaul, Lae, Salamaua, and Port Moresby.

The Australasian agents are Messrs. Birt and Co., Ltd., 4 Bridge Street, Sydney.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands M.V. Moamoa (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.

Ltd.) and M.V. John Bolton (W. R. Carpenter and Co.) operate from Tarawa (Gilbert Islands), and connect regularly with all Islands in the Gilbert and Ellice Groups.

N.G. Inter-Island Services 5.5. Maiwara and M.V. Muliama (Burns, Philp & Co.) make regular round trips from Rabaul to New Ireland and Bougainville ports; New Britain-Manus-Witu; and New Guinea mainland ports. 5.5. Coombar, M.V. Desikoko, M.V. Duranbah, and S.S. Mako (W. R. Carpenter and Co.), make sailings from Rabaul every two or three weeks to various ports in the Territory.

Carolines-Western and Central Pacific Twice a year, the Japanese motor vessel, “Takachio Maru”. 160 tons (Nanyo Boyeki Kaisha) leaves Ponape, Carolines (Japanese Mandated Territory) to visit Kavieng, Rabaul, Salamaua (New Guinea); Port Moresby (Papua); Vila (New Hebrides); Noumea (New Caledonia); Nukualofa (Tonga); Suva (Fiji); Tulagl (Solomon Islands): and thence back to Ponape, via Rabaul (N.G.).

Noumea Australia The small steamer Neo Hebridais (Societe Maritime et Miniere Hagen) carries on a monthly service between Noumea (New Caledonia), and Nev/castle and Sydney (N.S.W.). The round trip occupies about 17 days.

The three vessels of the Societe Le Nickel, Cap Tarifa (2,177 tons), Capltalne Illiaquer (2,138 tons), and Notou (2,384 tons) make irregular trips between Noumea (New Caledonia) and Sydney, Newcastle, and Port Kembla, N.S.W. 78 May 16, 193 9—Pacific Islands Monthly

Sydney .

Brisbane Townsville Cairns ..

Tulagi ...

Makambo Gavutu .

Domma > Su’u ... S 1 J June 24 June 26 June 29 June 30 July 4-6 July 6 M.V. Malalta.

Aug. 5 Sept. 16 Aug. 7 Sept. 18 Aug. 10 Sept. 21 Aug. 11 Sept. 22 A. 15-16 S. 26-27 Aug. 17 Sept. 28 Oct. 28 Oct. 30 Nov. 2 Nov. 3 N. 7-8 Nov. 9 Dec. 9 Dec. 11 Dec. 14 Dec. 15 D.19-20 Dec. 21 Tasavarong "

Mamara Aruligo ...

Lavoro Aug. 18 - Nov. 10 - Mamara .

Tasavaron Aruligo ..

Meringe July 7 July 8 - Sept. 29 Sept. 30 — Dec. 22 Dec. 23 Hivo ... i — Yandina Banika .

Ufa ....

V - — July 9 Aug. 19 Oct. 1 Nov. 11 Dec. 24 Faiami .

Younger Pepesala __ ?• Lingatu .

West Bay Somata .

Glzo Falsi ....

Kieta .... o Aug. 20 _ Nov. 12 — .) July 10 July 11 July 11 Aug. 21 Aug. 22 Aug. 22 Oct. 2 Oct. 3 Oct. 3 Nov. 13 Nov. 14 Nov. 14 D. 25-26 Dec. 27 Dec. 27 Arigua Numa Numa ) July 12 Aug. 23 Oct. 4 Nov. 15 Dec. 28 Teopaslno Soraken .

Rabaul ..

Soraken .

Kieta ...

Falsi ( July 13 J. 14-15 July 16 July 17 July 18 Aug. 24 A. 25-26 Aug. 27 Aug. 28 Aug. 29 Oct. 5 O. 6-7 Oct. 8 Oct. 9 Oct. 10 Nov. 16 N.17-18 Nov. 19 Nov. 20 Nov. 21 Dec. 29 Dec. 30 Dec. 31 Jan. 1 Jan. 2 Glzo ... | July 19 Aug. 30 Oct. 11 Nov. 22 Jan. 3 reupan j Russell Is July 20 Aug. 31 Sept. 1-2 Oct. 12 Nov. 23 Jan. 4 Gavutu . ) 1 ' J. 21-22 O. 13-14 N. 24-25 J. 5-6 Makambo Brisbane July 27 July 29 BURNS.

Sept. 7 Oct. 19 Nov. 30 Jan. 11 Sydney ..

Sept. 9 PHILP AND Oct. 21 CO. LTD., Dec. 2 AGENTS.

Jan. 13 BIRKMYBE'S

Waterproof Canvas

• The Original and Best for all purposes where a thoroughly waterproof covering is required.

S A I LC LOTH S, DUCKS, &c. of FLAX. HEMP, and COTTON.

FISHING NETS, LINES and TWINES Extensive Stocks Carried.

Ensuring Prompt Despatch The Gourock R sr,‘Co.

LIMITED 397 KENT STREET, SYDNEY. N.S.W. « ' JSU •• •IW .

POWER and SPEED with ATLAS-IMPERIAL DIESELS THIS new work-boat, designed and built by Holmes & Co. for the Water Conservation and Irrigation Commission of N.S.W. is powered with a 60 h.p. Atlas-Imperial Diesel. She will be used for towing punts and tug work at Burrinjuck Dam.

The choice of an Atlas-Imperial Diesel by the Commission is a fitting tribute to the dependable, continuous, economical service these diesels have delivered to tug boat operators everywhere.

Atlas-Imperial Diesels with ten or fifteen years service behind them are still as efficient as when installed. Showing W. L. HOLMES & CO no appreciable signs of wear, they have many years of profitable operation before them.

There is a complete range of Atlas-Imperials, marine and stationary, from 20 to 525 h.p., at 275 to 950 r.p.m., 2 to 8 cylinders.

Whether you are considering a new work-boat, passenger launch or pleasure cruiser or re-powering your present boat, Holmes & Co. will gladly give you the facts about operating costs and help to solve the power and constructional problems of your boat.

Write for full information and specifications, to-day.

Boat Builders and Engineers, McMahon's Pt., Sydney.

Australian Agents for Atlas-Imperial Diesels, Gray Marine Motors, Gray Diesels, Atlantic Diesels, R.N. Diesels, and Austin Marine Engines. __ Sydney Solomon Islands New Guinea Papuan Inter-Island Services M.V. Lakatoi (Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd.) makes round trips on a regular schedule from Samaral to Misima Island, via the Conflict Group; also calls at Woodlark Island.

M.V. Nusa (Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.) holds the Papuan Government’s contract for carrying mails and passengers on the north-east coast of Papua. The Nusa connects with all Southern mail steamers at Samarai.

S.S. Papuan Chief (Steamships Trading Co.

Ltd.) makes regular round trips from Port Moresby to Samarai via Kapa Kapa, Abau, and Baibara, returns by same route; then Port Moresby to Daru via Hisiu, Yule Is., Kukipi, Orokolo, Kikori and back via Orokolo.

Yule Island, and Hisiu—full trip occupying about one month. 79 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939

Monterey.

Mariposa.

Montsrey Mariposa.

Monterey.

Mariposa.

Monterey.

Honolulu .. .. May 29 June 26 July 24 Aug. 21 Sept. 18 Oct. 16 Nov. 13 Pago Pago .. June 3 July 1 July 29 Aug. 26 Sept. 23 Oct. 21 Nov. 18 Suva .. June 6 July 4 Aug. 1 Aug. 29 Sept. 26 Oct. 24 Nov. 21 Auckland .. . June 9 July 7 Aug. 4 Sept. 1 S. 29-30 Oct. 27 Nov. 24 Sydney . June 12 July 10 Aug. 7 Sept. 4 Oct. 3 Oct. 30 Nov. 27 Melbourne , .. J. 16-19 J. 14-17 A. 11-14 S.8-11 O. 6-9 Nov. 3-6 Dec. 1-4 Sydney . June 23 July 21 Aug. 18 Sept. 15 Oct. 13 Nov. 10 Dec. 9 Auckland .. .. June 26 July 24 Aug. 21 Sept. 18 Oct. 16 Nov. 13 Dec. 12 Suva July 27 Aug. 24 Sept. 21 Oct. 19 Nov. 16 Dec. 15 Pago Pago .. June 30 July 28 Aug. 25 Sept. 22 Oct. 20 Nov. 17 Dec. 16 Honolulu .. .. July 5 Aug. 2 Aug. 30 Sept. 27 Oct. 25 Nov. 22 Dec. 21 OCEANIC STEAMSHIP CO., MATSON LINE. % STAY AT SYDNEY'S NEW GUEST HOUSE, BERNLY Delightfully situated at

Springfield Avenue, Potts Point

(4 mins, from City) An ideal home for visitors from the Islands and Overseas.

COMFORT . . . CONVENIENCE, PRIVACY AND GOOD SERVICE. 100 Richly Furnished Bedrooms, many with Private Showers.

Hot & Cold Water & Telephones

IN ALL ROOMS.

BILLIARDS . . . ROOF GARDEN.

CUISINE BY FIRST-CLASS CHEF.

Tariff: From 3 gns. p.w. Inclusive—or Room only if desired.

Proprietor : F. J. BERNE.

COSMOPOLITAN SAMARAI.

HOTEL

First-Class

ACCOMMODATION For Tourists & Commercials Electric Light, Ballroom Billiards Freezing Works, Cold Store.

Best Brands of Liquors MODERATE TARIFF.

Fishing Trips and Launch Excursions Arranged.

Hotel Moresby

Where To Stay In Port Moresby

NEAR THE WHARF MODERN ACCOMMODATION

Only The Best

BRANDS OP

Wines, Spirits

AND BEERS IN STOCK.

LICENSEE: Hotel Moresby Ltd.

The PAPUA HOTEL Catering specially for Tourists and Travellers.

Licensee: Papua Hotel, Ltd; First-class Accommodation. Parties Arranged.

Situated on high ground overlooking both coasts, Its Spacious Lounges are always Cool Messrs. Foster-Jay, Jensen, Peadon, Carpenter, Moates, Malcolm. Miss Luttrell.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.C ON MAY 5: Messrs. Rose, Voss, Liebensperber. Mrs. Brewster.

PER “MALAITA” FROM 8.5.1. and N.G.

PORTS ON MAY 5: Messrs. Ashley, Bates, Cunningham, Desjardins, Hancock, Harman, Nill, Hollingworth, Leitch, Meiers, Mackenzie, Mechelen, Oliver, Poole, Prince, Svensen, Taylor, Walton. Mesdames Hunt, Meiers, Leitch, Oliver, Proctor, Thomas, Taylor. Misses Cohen, Gordon, Griffin.

Per “Niagara” From Suva, Fiji, On

MAY 6: Messrs. Allan, Campbell, Gray, Irvine, Morris, Bromley, Hawksley, Hembrough, Huntley, Murphy, Woods, Witts. Mesdames Allan, Campbell, Custance, Mansfield, Raybould, Cobham, Hill, Huntley, Whyte-Gourley. Misses Allen, Bellchambers, Hembrough, Taylor.

PER “MACDHUI” FROM PAPUA AND N.G.

ON MAY 7: Messrs. Adam, Adams, Arrowsmith, Balfour, Barnett,- Beaton, Carr, Edwards, Fuller, Field, Goodwin, Gilchrist, Graham, Gribben, Henry, Hepworth, Hore, Hunter, Haughan, Higgins, Johnasson, Jones, Kingdon, McMillan, Madders, Mong, O’Neill, Oswald, Reeves, Richardson, Patridge, Rekola, Rosser, Ryan, Small, Streeter, Strong, Sluys, Vine.

Mesdames Arrowsmith, Beaton (2), Cowley, Dove, Edwards, Higgins, Jones, Kennedy, Mc- Millan, Lewis, Mong, Montgomery, Nicholson, Valenta, Richardson. Misses Kirby, Petrie, Rudd, Wilson.

Per “Mono Wat ’ For Suva, Fiji, On

MAY 11: Messrs. Adams, Allen, Barclay, Cole (2), Garvey, Hardaker, Hopkins, Hunter, Irvine, Land, Lawton, Morison, Mcßurney, Rea, Southey, Seymour, Zillman, Byfield, Campbell, Forrest, Ousey, Storck, Crabbe, Howell. Mesdames Adams, Allen, Cole, Garvey, Horsfield, Hardaker, Irvine, Hopkins, Hunter, Mitchell, Morison, Zillman, Seymour, Southey, Rea, Campbell, Spence. Misses Brennan, Hunter, Hardaker, Rea (2), Geeves, McCarthy, Aspinall, Gibson, Stinson.

PER “MALAITA” FOR 8.5.1. AND N.G.

PORTS ON MAY 13: Messrs. Waddell, Hill, Walsh (2), Smith, Jenkins, Brown, Knibbs, Hewitt, Victor, Walker, Campbell, Dick, Salter, Monckton, Oldridge, Hill, Winn, Clark, Still, Chapman; Brother Simmonds, Rev. Edwards.

Mesdames Waddell, Campbell, Dick, Winn.

Misses Waddell, Dick, Read, Semple, Day, Holland.

PER “MORINDA” FOR NORFOLK IS. & N.

HEBRIDES ON MAY 13: Messrs. Coates, Fleming, Watson, Bradbury. Hunter, Buffett. Mesdames Cunningham, Watson, Heron, Walker.

Misses Watson, Cerrutti.

Per “Macdhui” For Papua And N.G. On

MAY 13: Messrs. Lynch, Kirby, Murphy, Worsley, Wall, Bloxham, Ray, Rand, Power, Flower, Fraser, Kalbfell, Townshend, Egglestone, Leonard Murray, Hunt, Walshe, Egan, McKellar- White, Kerr, White (2), Renshaw, Lapham, Clay, Stewart, Harper, Ditton, Jenkins, Turner, Waterman, Cheetham, Fairy, Holland, Burden, Mapstone, McMahon, Lucas, Clark, Maher, Deckett, Schumaker; Rev. Shelton, 5 naval ratings.

Mesdames Clay, Ditton, Waterman, Holland, Vaughan, Consterdine, Howard, Stephens, Dewd-: ney, Wall, Schumaker, Bloxham, Chalmers, Rutter, Fraser, Wild, Bradford, Tubb, Egan, Mc- Kellar-White, Shelton. Misses Egglestone, Cassidy, Rand, McOuHough, May, Grahamslaw, Mawson, Gill, Mitchell, Sherry, Holland (2), Redman.

Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Samoa - Hawaii 80

Pacific Travellers

(Continued From Page 1)

May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly Published by Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney. (Telephone: BW 5037). Wholly set up: and printed in Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co., Pty., Ltd., 29 Alberta St., Sydney. (Telephone. MA 7101).

FROM COAST TO MOUNTAINS..

LAE K- "t □ Aa

Guinea Airways, Limited

was established in 1927; and has grown as the figures show.

To-day it is the largest freight-carrying service in the world.

Year Tonnage Passen- Ended Trans- gers Feb. 28. ported Carried. 1929 434 869 1930 ... 949 2,047 1931 1,146 1,995 1932 3,947 1,607 1933 3,980 3,856 1934 6,044 7,398 1935 6,102 9,721 1936 6,476 12,137 1937 6,705 11.869 1938 .... 8,408 12,120 Totals .. 44,191 63,619 Building a New Civilization ...BY AIR!

The development of the Territory has been amazingly rapid—thanks to air transport.

GUINEA. AIRWAYS LIMITED has transported every type of goods needed by the large and ever-growing European community.

GUINEA AIRWAYS operates regular air services in New Guinea and Papua, using over fifty aerodromes and landing grounds in the two Territories.

GUINEA AIRWAYS planes depart from Port Moresby for the Goldfield on the arrival of each boat. Tickets are obtainable from the Purser.

Fly with GUINEA AIRWAYS —the pioneer Company—in New Guinea and in Australia.

Australian Services

ADELAIDE-DARWIN —Three times weekly, connecting with overseas services. o LIMITED

Lae-Salamaua

Head Office: Austral Chambers, New Guinea Office: Lae.

Currie Street, Adelaide, S.A. Mandated Territory of New Guinea BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU—SALAMAUA— PORT MORESBY AND SYDNEY. / ■I• ■ m m U*H m May 16, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

A Tropical Thirst demands a Satisfying Drink fMgS tM A COOL Pla t «A01 us #REwt# ONL-v from the finest AN» bottled bv mal-CSe ' T OOTH & CO.. LI Ml Sydney, austral 1 MiTE that’s why K.B. is so popular south of ”

All through the tropics, wherever there are men who like good beer, you II always find K. B. It’s the drink that men appreciate —a drink ]ust made to satisfy a tropical thirst!

J TOOTHS KB LAGER.

Pacific Islands Monthl y—M ay 16, 1939