PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly VOL. IX. No. 8.

March 15, 1939 Hi \spstered at th? G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] 8 d Cane-swallowers of the Upper Purari (Ramu-Benna Benna district, Central New Guinea). The cane is thin, and looped at one end; and, before being swallowed (looped end first) it is dipped in water. It is used as an emetic, and the operation is connected with native sorcery. Women and children must not be witnesses—which explains why the above performance was staged between buildings. queer custom is confined to the Upper Purari people. (Photo by Pastor Campbell.).

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For '"Urgent" freight, such as machinery parts, repairs, etc., it achieves a particularly valuable service—but, the reduction of weeks in transit time justifies most goods being forwarded by these Airliners. Among many classes of merchandise which already have appeared on the manifests are the following:— Dresses, Drapery, Shoes, Millinery, Accessories, Machinery Parts and Re- Aircraft Instruments, etc.. Stationery £ Hosiery, Chemicals, Drugs and Medicines, pairs, Radio Accessories, Plants, Seeds, Printed Matter, Cosmetics and Toilet Dental and Optical Goods, Scientific Eggs for Hatching, Strawberries, Cam- Supplies, etc., etc.

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RATES In many instances it is more economical to forward by air than by sea. Rate Schedules are obtainable from Booking Agencies.

Booking Procedure Is Simple

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AGENTS AND BOOKING OFFICES: SYDNEY; Macdonald Hamilton & Co., 4 Challis House, Martin Place.

BRISBANE: Macdonald Hamilton & Co., 244 Queen Street.

ROCKHAMPTON: Walter Reid, Quay Street.

TOWNSVILLE: Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., Flinders Street.

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AGENTS for Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise : : Complete Range of all Stocks Carried.

Head Office: 19-21 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY.

Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain), KAVTENG (New Ireland), MADANG, SALAMAUA, WAU, BUT (New Guinea), TULAGI (Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands; and in LONDON.

Buyers and Shippers of: Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce.

Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

THE KP.M.

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Port Moriss)

/ * * it Links the East with the South Pacific Islands, New Zealand & Australia KP.M.

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The track routes of the K.P.M.-South Pacific Line new motor vessel "Maetsuycker" and the well-known passenger steamer "Tasman" are each as follows: "MAET- SUYCKER": Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Samarai, Salamaua, Rabaul, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon. "TASMAN* 1 : Saigon, Singapore, Batavia, Samarang, Sourabaya, Port Moresby, Port Vila, Noumea, Auckland, Wellington, Sydney, Port Moresby, Sourabaya, Samarang, Batavia, Singapore, Saigon.

Saigon, Diethelm & Co.: Port Moresby and Samarai, Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.: Rabaul and Salamaua. W. R.

Carpenter & Co. Ltd.: Port Vila. Gubbay Freres: Noumea, Carlo Leoni: Auckland, Russell & Somers Ltd.; Wellington. Johnston & Co. Ltd.

Pacific Islands Travellers

PER AIRLINER FOR N.G. ON FEB. 14: Messrs.

Chalmers, Jenan, Bayliss, Scott, McKenzie, Saunders, Gray, Temple-Walk.

PER “AORANGI” FOR FIJI ON FEB. 16: Messrs. Curry, Dent, Griffiths, Renton, Sherwood, White, Barry, Blacket. Hardy, Ikawa, Lester, Ruston, Rudrananda. Ramakrisknan, Shield,' Moody. Mesdames Burgess, Barker, Curry,’ Dent, Griffiths, Wigrall, Wharton. Berry, Blacket, Hardy, Lester, Ruston, Rudrananda, Ramakrisknan. Misses Ball, Chapman. Dryer, Blacket. Davis, Frazer.

PER “MORINDA” FOR LORD HOWE, N. 1., & N. HEBRIDES ON FEB. 16: Messrs. Barber, de Groen, O’Donnell, Marks, Scott, Pilcher, Woodforth, Moody, Wales (2), Jones, Grieve, Nott, Baxter, Attwater, Jaede (2), Barton, Mear, Duncan, Brown, Downes, Poole, Hewitt, Reilly, Fenton, Miller, O’Mahony, McMullin, Hall, Kirby, Michell, Roxburgh, Hall, Hopping, Campbell, Davies. Mesdames Jocteur, O’Donnell, Marks, Scott, Messiter, Jones, Mear, Baxter, Attwater, Jaede (2), Hudson, Wheatley, Mc- Whinney, Douglass, O’Connor, Gateman. Misses Bartlett, Jones, Arnold, Croft, Carberry, Haskell, Baird, Lewin, Sherrill, Warren, Morell, Mudge, Springett, Bellamy, Fisher, Wilson, Appleton, Fleming, Morgan, Rogers, McKenzie, Mitchell, Simper, Douglas. Bailey, Lloyd.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. ON FEB. 17; Messrs. Temple-Walk, Scott, Saunders. Gray, Delphin, Hawkes, Peadon, Cull, Mannie, Travis.

Chalmers.

PER “MALAITA” FOR 8.5.1. AND N.G. PORTS ON FEB. 18: Messrs. Johnstone, Paul, Kerkham, Lewis, Maunder, Hitchcock, Moore, Costello, Bergin, Jillett, Russell, Baxter, Riley, Fletcher, Robertson, Beard, Edney, Bell, Taylor; Father Palmer; Rev. Metcalf; Capt. Hardie. Mesdames Waters, Lotze, Treatt, Widdy, Morris, Bergin, Mitchell-Hill, Smith, Palmer, Bell, Turner, Davies, Taylor. Misses Walford, Roescorl, Bardwell, Matherton, Richardson, Menzies, Cohen, Moore, McDonald.

Per “Macdhui” From Papua & N.G. On

FEB. 20: Messrs. Dodd. Frazer, Gatenby, Higgins, Hanna, Hayston, Johnston, Jarman, Lapham, Rogers, Suiter, Uruhart, Vivian. Wade, Watkins.

Johnston, Lilwall, Parry, Smallwood, Wooff, Lyon, LaughUn, Murray, Partridge, Reynolds.

Winterford, Parker, Small, Duncan, Jurgens, Dougherty, Budden, Brookbank, Clunn, Hooper, Holmes, McKone, McKenna, Robinson, Sergeyeff, Abbott, Altria, Arnold, Bennie, Bloxham, Bennett, Christie. Coote. Mesdames Craig, Frazer, Griffiths, Jarman, Loudon, Rogers, Walker, Winterford, Fuller, Ingold, Luff, Smallwood, Dougherty, Budden, Chambers, Holmes, Howard, Abbott, Bloxham, Christie. Misses Cooper, Evans (3), Loudon, Miller, McSweeney, Mocatta, Page, Stehr (3), Sommerville, Kirby, Rudd, Chester. Grahamshaw, Mathews, Sinclare, Bourke, Gorkin, Lumley, Broodbank, Broadfoot, James, Lyons, Adams.

Masters Hardy, Lowe, Miller, Mocatta, Uechtritz, Chester, Dougherty, Munro (2), Spiller, Swanson, Schafer, Harding (2», Adams.

PER AIRLINER FOR N.G. ON FEB. 21: Messrs.

Clarke, Florance, Hobson, Kennedy, Halings, Atkins. Mesdames Edgell, Hobson.

PER “NELLORE” FROM N.G. ON FEB, 22; Messrs. Mac Lean, Renton, Rundnagel, Sullivan, Holland, Normoyle, Flatten. Mesdames Renton, Kerby, Normoyle. Miss Holland.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. ON FEB. 24; Messrs. Allen, Sinclair, Pike, Sylvester, De Raaft.

Mrs. Peadon.

PER -TASMAN” FOR PAPUA ON FEB. 25: Messrs. Cresswell, Crisp, Gloe, Guinan, Higgins, Mahoney, McEwen, Rinington, Shorthouse. Mesdames Crisp, Guinan, Higgins, Shorthou§e. Misses Colledge, Marstyn, Orford, Stuckey.

Per “Macdhui” For Papua And N.G. On

FEBRUARY 25: Messrs. Koch, Mason, Wright, Hilder, Kenyon, Carter, Day, Chinnery, Bentzinger, Scope, Burns, Wardrop, Lloyd, Meek, Rose, Gilmore, Bryant, Pyke, Trenchard Smith,

(Continued On Page 76)

1 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—M arch 15, 1939

BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD.

GENERAL MERCHANTS iilll m uu» I IK lit 111 till II SHIPOWNERS

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Amalgamated Wireless Aust. Ltd. . . 60 Amplion (A’sia) Ltd. 35 Angus & Coote Ltd. 69 Arnott’s Biscuits . 24 “Aspro” 62 Atkins Ltd., W. . 57 “Ausolene” .... 51 Baker, W. Jno. . . 14 B.A.L.M. Ltd. ... 65 Bank of N.S.W. . . 76 Berger & Sons . . 44 ’Bernly” Guest House 28 “Bidomak” . . . .21 Blau (Aust.) Robt. 58 Breckwoldt & Co. . 50 Broomfields Ltd. . 72 Brotherton, A. B. .58 Brunton’s Flour . . 39 Bullivants Ltd. . . 48 Burns, Philp & Co. 2 B.P. Magazine . . 28 B.P. (S.S.j Co. . . 62 Burns, Philp Trust Co. Ltd 70 Buzacott Ltd. ... 43 Carlton & United Breweries Ltd. . . 29 Carpenter, W. R., Ltd cov. 2 Chapman & Sherack 68 Chemist H.P.

Michael 51 Chemists’ Supplies Co 68 Chivers & Sons Ltd. 36 “Cinnamolia” Preparations .... 30 Clyde Engineering Co. Ltd 61 Coleman Lamp Co. 22 Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. . 17 Continental Compensations Pty.

Ltd 30, 65 Coral Starch ... 36 Crossle, Duff & Macintosh Ltd. . 64 “Cystex” 47 Danks & Son Ltd. . 69 Dewar’s Whisky . . 74 Doan’s Pills ... 71 Donaghy & Sons Ltd 63 Donald Ltd., A. B. 54 Eaton Ltd., J. W. 45 Electrolux Refrigerators . . 32 Eno’s Fruit Salt . 20 Excelsior Supply Co. 46 Fairbanks Morse Ltd 63 “Fairholm” College 59 Fletcher & Sons . 42 Ford Sherington Ltd 67 Foster Clark Ltd. . 25 Fryer, A. C. ... 72 Garden Vale Products Ltd. ... 36 Garrett & Davidson 64 Gillespie’s Flour . . 35 Grace Bros. Ltd. . 10 Grand Pacific Hotel 55 Grove & Sons, W.

H 34 Guinea Airways Ltd cov. 3 Halvorsen Sons Ltd. 71 Hardy’s Indigestion Remedy .... 14 Harper, M 33 Holbrook’s Ltd. ... 39 Holmes & Co., W. . 73 Horne, W. & Co. . 54 Horlick’s Malted Milk 27 Hotel Moresby . . 76 1.C.1.A.N.Z. Ltd. . . 53 Intercontinental Airways .... 13 Jones & Co. Ltd., H. 35 Kodak Pty. Ltd. . . 12 “Kolynos” Toothpaste 15 Kopsen & Co. Ltd. 49 Kork-N-Seal Ltd. . 36 Koyong Boarding School ..... 9 Levenson’s Radio . 66 Lloyd & Co. Ltd. . 11 Mcllrath’s Ltd. . . 18 Maxwell Porter Ltd. 45 Miller & Co. Pty.

Ltd 48 Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd 56 N.D.L 72 Nestle’s Milk ... 38 Newlands Bros. Ltd. 70 Noyes Bros. Ltd. . 75 “Oriana” 74 Pabst Canned Beer 18 Pacific Is. Club . 10 Papua Hotel, The . 76 Paul & Grey Ltd. . 52 Penfriends Wanted . 71 Pike Bros. Ltd. . . 22 Position Wanted . . 65 Prescott Ltd. ... 37 P rouds Ltd. ... 11 Ransome, Sims & Jeffries Ltd. . . 56 Reed, William E. . 24 Riverstone Meat Co. 19 Rohu, Sil . . . .53 Royal Packet Co. . 1 Scott’s Emulsion . 19 Scott, Ltd., J. ... 72 Smyth & Co., J. H. 46 Springwood L. Col. 59 Steamships Trading Co. Ltd 42 Sterling Varnish Co. 9 Sullivan Ltd., C. . 35 Swallow & Ariell . 37 - - j? C . * / Taylor & Co., A. . 64 ’’Tenax” Soap . . 59 Tiliock & Co. Ltd. . 26 Toohey’s Ltd. ... 23 •‘Top Dog” Men’s Wear 33 Tooth & Co. . cov. 4 United Radio Distributors Ltd. . . 67 Usher’s Hotel ... 26 Vacuum Oil Co. . . 31 Vincent’s A.P.C. . . 75 Warburton, Franki Ltd 16 West, Harry ... 48 Weymark & Son . 36 Wholesale Typewriter Co. ... 13 Wills, W.D. and H. 0., Ltd. ... 33 Wright & Co. Ltd., E 45 Wunderlich Ltd. , . 45 Yorkshire Insurance Co. Ltd 47 Contents Pacific Islands Travellers 1 Amalgamation, Inertia, and Australian Politicians 3 Mandates Commission Asks Pertinent Questions About Samoa 4 U.S.A. in the Pacific 4 Effect of Gold Industry's Growth on Fiji 5 Military Experts Visit the Islands .. 5 Death of Royal Tahitian 5 Can Copra Producers Be Organised? 6 Australian Amalgamation Plan May Include 8.5.1. and N. Hebrides . 7 Papuan Girl Attacked by Crocodile . 8 N.G. Finances in Extraordinary Position 9 Tropicalities 9 Progress of Trans-Pacific Air Service 10 About Islands People 11 Fiji’s Riches 12 “Combine” Attacks N.G. Air Mail Route 13 The Copra Market in Europe .. ~ 13 Bitoi Route Recommended for N.G.

Goldfields Road 14 Japan's Future Policy 15 Tongans in Trousers and Top Hats 17 Sir Hubert Murray on Native Policy 20 A Top-Dressing in the Tropics .... 23 Myths of the South Seas 24 New Guinea’s Inland Timbers .. .. 27 Samoan Legislative Council’s Meeting 29 Call of the Islands 33 Kapok-Growing in Papua 36 Hoisting the Flag in Papua in 1884 . 38 The Viti Company 39 Purple Days in Old Samoa 43 Tahiti’s Money Mystery Explained . 48 How Shall We Treat the Natives of New Guinea? 51 Fashions for Islands Women .. .. 59 Ingratitude—A Papuan Tale .. .. 61 New Gold at Wau, T.N.G 63 Mining Notes 65 Short-Wave Radio Programmes ... 67 Death of Capt. “Myles” Thompson . 69 Copra and Rubber Prices 70 Produce and Exchange Rates .. .. 72 Shipping Timetables 73 2 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Pacific Islands monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas IRegistered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Crown Colony of FIJI.

Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall. Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

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AGENTS The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

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T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

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Steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches.

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All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove & Sons Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

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Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. IX. No. 8.

Sydney, hAorch 15, 1939. < 8d - Per °OPyrnce ( Prepaid: 8/- p.a.

Amalgamation, Inertia, and Australian Politicians IF amalgamation means a continuance of the procrastination, prevarication and general inertia which, for two years, have marked Canberra’s control over New Guinea and Papua, Territories residents may well pray to be saved from the new Australian Minister’s new plan.

On the grounds only of efficiency and economy—especially the latter— there are reasons for amalgamation.

On broader grounds—based on Mr. W.

M. Hughes’ dictum that “the nation which controls this protective fringe of Pacific Islands controls Australia” —there are some weighty arguments to support the proposal that the two Territories should be placed under one vigorous administration. But if the change means merely that an expanded bureaucracy will have increased opportunities for sleeping on the job, then the last condition of the Territories may well be worse than the first.

It is nearly two years since Rabaul was threatened with volcanic extinction, and it was decided to remove the capital immediately to a safer place.

It is a year since the Griffiths Committee recommended that Lae be the new site. It is nine months since Mr.

Hughes said that the new capital should be at Salamaua, and that a new road would be built forthwith between Wau and Salamaua. It is over three months since the Minister announced that an expert committee would be appointed at once to investigate a plan of amalgamation, which embraced a new capital site, and methods of defence, development and settlement.

Just before going to press, we inquired of Canberra whether anything had been done in regard to the amalgamation committee, the road, or anything else; and we were politely informed that the various- months’old proposals still await the sanction of Cabinet.

It is a situation deplorable beyond words. Both Territories, at an early date, should be fitted into the Australian plan of defence. Both are ripe for well-directed developmental activities —and the rank and file of both public services are composed mostly of intelligent and keen young Australians, eager to be up and at it.

The finances of both Territories need a general overhaul—especially New Guinea, where there has been an alarming, unexplained and apparently inexcusable drift into a condition where current expenditure is much in excess of current revenue. There are a score of separate problems, as apart from these general conditions, demanding governmental attention. And not a thing has been done.

It may not be fair to blame the new Minister. He does not have full Cabinet rank; and he appears to have done his best to get decisions made, in accordance with his own businesslike formula; and, anyway, he is not i esponsible for the gang of squabbling politicians which masquerades at Canberra as a National Government.

Logic, and the demand for increased efficiency in the Territories administration, and the imperative need for building up defences against the southwards-thrusting Japanese, provide a strong case for amalgamation, and, moreover, suggest the extension of that plan to the Solomons and the New Hebrides—as explained elsewhere. That is the theory of it. But there is another side. The Australian governmental record of the last two years, in relation to the Territories, provides one very good reason why the Territories should resist any closer ties with the Australian politicians and the inert bureaucracy which they allow to exist.

Indications are that the committee eventually will be appointed, and will make a leisurely tour of both Territories—and probably of Northern Territory, Nauru and Norfolk Island —and take copious evidence. Very many months will pass, and much

money will be spent before a report is made.

Meanwhile, Territories residents will have ample opportunities of arguing amalgamation, pro and con. Already, it is apparent that there is much to be said on both sides.

Broadly, and in theory, this journal is in favour of amalgamation. But when it sees the kind of administration which Australian politicians so far have given the Territories, it is inclined to say that the less the Islands have of Australia, the better

What Is The "Malo"?

Pertinent Questions About Samoa A TOUGH task was given to Dr. R. M.

Campbell, economic adviser to the N.Z. High Commissioner, when he submitted the Western Samoa annual report to the Mandates Commission of the League of Nations at Geneva in January.

Some apparently well-informed members of the Commission asked a series of questions—especially relating to the activities in Samoa of Mr. Nelson and his family—which Dr. Campbell was unable to answer.

M. Palacios said that, while everything seemed to indicate that the Mau held a predominant position in the territory and were regarded with favour by New Zealand, the Commission had received reports and information, mainly from the press, mentioning an anti-Mau movement called the Malo. He asked Whether it was true that the Malo was as strong in numbers and influence as “the organisation dominated by Mr. O. F Nelson and his son-in-law, Tamasese”.

Dr. Campbell replied that, in general, the political situation was calm and normal. It appeared that the new Mau had been over-publicised and did not, at present, represent more than 3i per cent of the Samoans. The Mau was still the organisation representing the greater majority of the native Samoan population It would be interesting to hear the opinion of a few men in Apia, concerning Dr. Campbell’s answer. It has been stated, repeatedly, that the Malo is nearly the equal of the Mau. To say the Malo is only 3i per cent, of the Samoans, while the Mau is 51 per cent (the “greater majority”) seems to indicate that there has been vigorous lying somewhere.

N.G. Govt. Airmail Contract Goes to Guinea Airways The new Government contract for the aerial transport of mails, goods and passengers in New Guinea—tenders for which closed early in February—has gone mostly to Guinea Airways Ltd. The Salamaua-Madang section remains with Mandated Airlines.

The contract, after being held for a long time by Guinea Airways, was secured about four years ago by the newlyarrived aeroplanes of Carpenter and Co (now Mandated Airlines Ltd.); and it has been held by the latter ever since.

Mr. A. F. J. White, formerly District Commissioner at Ra, Fiji, was committed for trial at Suva on February 18 on charges of stealing £155, from public funds. Mr. White was on leave in England, but returned immediately to Fiji when informed, in December, that there appeared to be irregularities in his accounts.

U.S.A. In Pacific

Significance of Guam Proposal AS in the “Pacific Islands Monthly”, in February, the American plan to spend £1,250,000 sterling on the fortification of the island of Guam (in the Caroline Islands, near Japanese territory) has been having a rough passage in the American Congress.

On February 24, the House of Representatiyes, by 205 to 169 votes, rejected the plan to fortify the island on the grounds that it would be provocative to Japan; but it was announced on March 7, when the defence estimates were before the American Senate, that high uSent Ca nlea aV for °thp 6 rpi . maki f g ,J n , pl . ea f fo ?T remclusion of the poUcy y ’° n 8 s ° f Tf i ■ . , , , If the proposal is restored by the Senf£oV a fv, 1S c ° nsidere( J Ji kel y- is possible that the Representatives decision will be over-ridden and that the plan will u laW ’ as 18 esirec * by President Kooseven.

U.S.A., to an increasing degree, is displaying determination to stand by the democracies against the Berlin-Rome- Tokyo triangle: and, apparently, a part of the new foreign policy of the United States is to lake all necessary steps to check the southward thrust of Japan The fortification of Guam Island and a slowing up of the programme of withdrawal from the Philippines appear to be part of the new foreign policy.

FOREIGNERS!

Status of Australian Planters in Solomons Solomons might be more prosper- A ous if we planters there were not treated as foreigners”, said Mr. C. R.

Bignell, of Fulakora, 8.5.1., when interviewed by newspaper reporters in Brisbane in February.

“We are ruled from Piii' tVipv Hnn’t know much about the country there, and they don’t seem to care.

“ We have beautiful soil, capable of producing bananas, citrus fruits, and timber, and of raising good cattle. But we have no encouragement, such as is given in other island groups, to go in for anvthing but copra. We are not allowed to ship bananas or citrus fruit to Australia.

Restrictions confront the planter at every turn, “Gold miners have the greatest difficulty in getting land titles from the authorities in Fiji”.

Fiji Government Benevolence

The White-Haired Boy (as usual) Gets the "Hand-Out" (The Fiji Government, being richly endowed with accumulated surplus funds, is spending lavishly on public works. The copra industry, which helped materially in the accumulation of those funds, and which at present is going through an apparently recurring period of low prices, has asked in vain for a small Government subsidy.) Cartoon by Rox, Fiji. 4 March 15, 1939-Pacific Islands Monthly

New Port, Town and Settlement Effect of Gold Industry's Growth in Fiji WHEN the new Carpenter steamer “Suva” berthed at the new wharf at Vatia Point, on the north coast of Viti Levu, Fiji, in February, and discharged 1.600 tons of fuel oil and 300,000 super ft. of timber, all for use at the new gold mines, a few miles inland, another stage was marked in the very rapid development of the Crown Colony of Fiji.

It may be noted that the value of the gold produced in Fiji is now equal to about £750,000 per annum, and most of this comes from the new field near Tavua. To produce this huge treasure, a large staff of men and enormous equipment are now employed; and the new wharf at Vatia Point has been built to allow for the quick and easy transportation of supplies. It is expected that, every month, hundreds of tons of supplies for the mines will be landed from lighters, from the small coastal steamers and from three or four overseas steamers which will make regular calls.

The new gold-mine industry has, not only created a busy little town at Tavua —it was only four or five buildings at the road junction four years ago—but the provision of a good road and a new port has stimulated land settlement in the district, and agricultural and pastoral industries are increasing. A new timber-getting industry also is developing.

It would seem that Tavua, with its port at Vatia Point, is to become an important Fijian town.

As the “Suva” was making her maiden voyage, and was the first steamer to tie up at the new wharf, Messrs. W.

R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., owners of the “Suva”, celebrated the occasion by giving a party aboard the “Suva” at Vatia wharf. Amongst those who attended were: — Mr. N E. Nilsen (general manager, Emperor Co.), and Mrs. Nilsen. Mr. H. J. Harrison (acting manager, Loloma Co.), and Mrs. Harrison, with Mrs. W. Gourley (Perth, Western Australia), Mr.

R P. Kay (manager, Tavua Power Pty., Ltd.), Hon. H. H. Ragg, M.L.C., Mr. J. Allen (C.S.R. manager, Rarawai), with Mrs. Allen, District Commissioner N. C. Caldwell, and Mrs. Caldwell, Mr. A. Farquhar (C.S.R. manager, Lautoka), Mr.

Griffiths (C.S.R. manager, Penang), Mr. and Mrs. Martin, Mr. Tiffen (district engineer), Mr.

W. Finlayson, Mr. Rourke, Mr. and Mrs. J.

Edwards. The party was entertained on board by Captain F. E. and Mrs. Laloe and Major C.

Brewster.

18 Wallis Islanders Adrift

From Our Own Correspondent APIA. Feb. 22.

A WIRELESS broadcast from Suva, Fiji, states that two canoes from Wallis Island (Ue’a), a French possession, some 500 miles north of Samoa, have been missing since February 19.

The canoes contained 18 natives. It is possible that they have been driven to Samoa. Wallis islanders often have arrived at Falealapo (the westernmost point of Savaii) having been carried there by the prevailing current and wind.

Mr. J. J. Griffiths, who for the past six years has been manager of the Grand Pacific Hotel. Suva, Fiji, has retired. Mr.

C. Brown, formerly chief steward of the "“Matua” and “Aorangi”, has been appointed to the vacancy.

Japanese Active In New Caledonia A JAPANESE syndicate is engaged in negotiating the purchase of an important mining property in New Caledonia, owned by two residents of the island (said the “Bulletin du Commerce” late in February). The transaction will represent a sum of more than 20 million francs (about £150,000). Three Japanese experts left Japan by the “Naniwa Maru” on February 26, for Noumea, to study the mining property.

The Oceania Mining Company (already operating in New Caledonia) has just received 1,500 tons of equipment and eight experts from Japan, wherewith to modernise the nickel workings at Ouli- Oulie and Yamato, at Kua.

Papua'S New Military

AERODROME Australian Air Force officers, who arrived in a bomber, early in March, selected an area beside the Rouna Road, about 7 miles from the town, to be the new military aerodrome, and part of the • defence organisation now being rapidly introduced to Port Moresby.

Military Experts In

PACIFIC An inspection in Samoa From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 22.

A PLAN for the defence of the Central and South-west Pacific has been receiving the attention of the Imperial naval and military authorities.

Under special charter, the motor vessel “Yanawai”, owned by Messrs. Burns Philp (S.S.) Co., Fiji, arrived here on February 17, with a party of British experts. She had called at various islands in the Central Pacific recently; and she remained here for a short time while the experts examined possible landing-places for aeroplanes and seaplanes.

No information whatever was released regarding the vessel or the nature of her activities. She left the same day for an unknown destination.

The Prime Ministers of Australia and New Zealand, with high naval and military officials, are expected to attend a conference in March, to co-ordinate plans for defence of British Territories in and around the Pacific,

Death Of Royal Tahitian

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Feb. 20.

WE regret to announce the death, on February 13, 1939, of Princess Tetuanui Moearu Pomarearii-i-Tarahoi, daughter of the late Prince Teriihinoiatua Pomare. sister of Prince Ariipaea Pomare, and wife of Monsieur William Cowan.

Princess Tetuanui was by blood the grand-niece, and by adoption the granddaughter of King Pomare, of Tahiti: her father having been the nephew and adopted son and heir of the King.

She died at the ancient royal homestead at Outu Aiai, in the district of Arue: the favourite demesne of her ancestors for many generations.

In making this announcement we are giving expression to the profound sorrow that is felt in the islands for the passing of this beloved and gracious member of the royal family.

The interment was at the royal burial ground. Ahutoru. in Arue, in the presence of His Excellency, the Governor of French Oceania, many officials of the Government and high chiefs, and a large assemblage.

The high chief Teriiero’oitera’i, of Papenoo, delivered the funeral oration.

Princess Tetuanui is survived by her husband and seven children four sons and three daughters.

Front Row (left to right): The late princess Tetuanui Moearu Pomare; the late Prinee Ariiaue Hinoi Pomare II; Princess Louis Ariipaea (wife of Prince Ariipaea Pomare) Back Row (left to right): Prince Ariipaea Pomare, Monsieur Willie Isaia Tapoa Cowan (husband of the late Princess Tetuanui Pomare). 5 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

"Macdhui" Passengers

Mata'Afa Title

Interesting Case In Samoa From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 10.

AN important case is at present being heard before the Land and Title Commission at Mulinu’u.

This is a claim for one of the oldest and highest titles in Samoa, the Mata’afa title.

The former holder of the Mata'afa title died last year, and there are two claimants for it—the former holder’s son, and High Chief Faumu’ina Fiame, formerly a native leader and now Inspector of Native Police.

The hearing will occupy several weeks.

Mr, G. A. Joy, British Resident Commissioner in the New Hebrides, arrived in Sydney by the “Morinda” on March 9.

Can Copra Producers Be Organised?

Letter to the Editor IS it not time that copra producers of the Pacific, with producers in other parts of the tropics, realised there is not likely to be any real improvement in the London market price of copra unless and until they organise, and tackle the matter?

Beyond all doubt, our troubles are chiefly due to the machinations of the Unilever Combine. The market was untroubled up to the time the Lever group amalgamated with the Dutch Margarine Union. Then came the buying up of the multiple retail provision stores throughout England. This occurred at the peak period of 1929. and therefore everything was valued high; and it is the general opinion they have had to depress the price of raw materials in order to pay dividends on the capital which was enormously “watered” at that time. Customers of their retailed goods would desert them if they raised prices too high; whereas the producers of raw materials cannot leave the only market they know although aware it is dominated by the Combine.

Apparently, then, we are caught in a trap, and the only way out is to organise.

If each Pacific Group—the Mandated Territory of New Guinea, Papua, New Caledonia, Solomon Islands, Fiji, Tonga, etc.—formed strong local Planters’ Associations, and these linked up with each other and with similar organisations in India, Ceylon, F.M.S., Dutch East Indies. Philippines, etc., between them they should be able tp support a Representative or Commissioner, or Commissioners, in London, possessed of legal training and of high standing to represent them, to investigate the methods of marketing, and make proposals for fighting the forces that are against us. Investigation should be directed to discover what other buyers there are on the London market apart from the Combine; and, if there are any, whether they are free from the influence of the Combine, or are dummies, or are in collusion.

The present Lord Leverhulme is merely a large shareholder and is used as a figurehead. Now that some nations are taking action against the Jews, it would be a good time to inquire whether Jews are connected with this Combine. The help of Parliamentarians might be enlisted, and questions asked in the House of Commons, and so publicly expose the Combine’s activities. If it is found that these activities offend Anti-Trust Laws action could be threatened or taken. Propaganda in the press, as suggested in an excellent letter recently published by you, from Mr. G. A. Loudon, could be resorted to.

Reasons for the low values have been published (inspired, of course) from time to time—over-production; whale oil; soya beans; world’s unrest; tariffs, etc. These have all been used, and yet shown to be meaningless when, in late 1936 and early 1937, for some reason known only to buyers, they caused the market price to reach high figures. We all know that by-products of copra-milling (cattle cake, glycerine, etc.) are sold to dairy farmers, makers of explosives, and others, for more than the market price for whole copra! What, then, happens to the oil?

When rubber producers found they were being exploited by the big tyre companies and others combining against them, they promptly organised and kept power in their own hands. Admittedly, copra is a perishable article and less easily managed, but still there must be some better way of marketing copra than just shipping it to London to take care of itself!

If not, we might as well cut out our palms and plant something else. We did not settle in the tropics for the benefit of our health.

I am, etc., J. G. MUNT.

Nivani Is., Samarai, Papua, 22/2/39.

Young People From Samoa

Migration to New Zealand From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 28.

AN Increasing number of Euroneslan youths and girls are travelling from Samoa to New Zealand, in search of employment. There is already a large and growing colony of these attractive young Islands people in Auckland, and a smaller group in Wellington.

It is stated that most of the youngsters succeed in getting good and well-paid work in New Zealand and are adapting themselves very well to New Zealand conditions.

Ratu Deve Toganivalu, i. 5.0., died at Bau, Fiji, on February 21, aged 75. Joining the Civil Service as a Native Tax Inspector in 1888, he rose to the positions of Native Stipendiary Magistrate and Governor’s Matanivanua, and was appointed Roko Tui Bua in 1909. He retired from the Service in 1927. After being a member of the Legislative Council for 13 years, he resigned in 1938.

He was awarded the Imperial Service Order for faithful service to the Government in 1928.

Mrs. Trenchard Smith, together with her husband, who is a member of Guinea Airways, Ltd. staff of Wau, N.G., left Sydney for Port Moresby, Papua, by the “Macdhui” on February 25, after spending leave.

Later, they proceeded to Wau by air.

Mr. F. B. Phillips, Chief Judge of New Guinea, returned to Rabaul. T.N.G., by the February “Macdhui”, after several months’ recreation and sick leave.

Mrs. A. Taylor sailed from Sydney for New Guinea by the last “Macdhui” to join her husband, who is employed at Kavieng.

Mr. R. Ashwell, a member of the staff of Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., returned to New Guinea by the February “Bulolo”, after furlough in Sydney.

A group of well-known Fiji residents photographed on the “Monterey” just before she sailed for Suva on March 3. From left: Mr. J. M. Aitken, of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co.’s field staff at Penang; Mrs. J. Scott; Mr. J. Scott, chief engineer at the C.S.R. mill, Nausori; and Mrs.

C. W. Pinkerton, whose husband is an employee at the Nausori mill. Mr. Aitken returned to the Colony after furlough in Sydney. Mr. and Mrs. Scott and Mrs. Pinkerton are at present on leave in Sydney. 6 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Hon. C. J. T. Barton, Colonial Secretary of Fiji, took part in a conference with the New Zealand Government in February which dealt with the price and quota system of Fijian bananas shipped to the Dominion. With Mr. A. B. Ackland, Inspector of Produce in Fiji, he returned to Suva by the “Aorangi” late in February.

Storm Damage In

SAMOA Australian Amalgamation Plan May Include B.S.I. and N. Hebrides Territories Wait Patiently While Canberra "Dithers"

ALTHOUGH there has been a certain amount of quick action in regard to the “fortification” of Port Moresby (described elsewhere), other matters in relation to the Australian Pacific Territories have moved with appalling slowness__or not moved at all.

Away back in November, there was to be immediate action to “amalgamate”

Papua and New Guinea. Not a thing has been done, since then.

It is known that, for months, Mr.

Harrison has had his plans ready for Cabinet sanction. But Cabinet, hopelessly torn by internal dissension and public criticism, has ignored these matters, along with scores of other things equally or more important.

In order to get the attitude of Australia into focus, in relation to Pacific Territories affairs, it is necessary only to give a few facts and dates.

The Rabaul eruption occurred in May, 1937. The Federal Government consulted scientists, and announced, most definitely, in August, 1937, that the administrative establishment must be removed from Rabaul at the earliest possible moment. After months of unexplained delay, the Griffiths Committee was appointed, in January, 1938, to find a new site for the capital. In April, 1938, it recommended Lae. In June, 1938.

Mr. Hughes (then Minister in Charge) announced that he had rejected Lae and selected Salamaua. He announced, also, that a new road would be built at once, between Wau and Salamaua. In September, 1938, the selection of Salamaua, owing to public criticism and opposition, was abandoned. In October, 1938, Mr.

Harrison took Mr. Hughes’s place as Minister in Charge of Territories, and soon afterwards announced a policy of amalgamation, details of which were to be worked out by an expert committee.

It was presumed that the search for a new capital for New Guinea would now become part of the amalgamation plan.

The Wau-Salamaua road plan was presumed to be unaffected.

But nothing has been done. New Guinea is just carrying on. Rabaul has settled down again as the capital of the Territory.

The Wau-Salamaua Road

THERE is no official explanation of the extraordinary delay in getting on with the Wau-Salamaua road: but the facts are given in an article on another page.

Sir Hubert Murray And Sir

Walter Mcnicoll

THERE are indications that, if and when amalgamation becomes effective, the administrative c<pntrol of the two Territories will be revised: and it is presumed that the present two Administrators will be asked to retire.

It has been a matter for comment that, while two newspapers which are believed to have access to Ministerial sanctums have announced “the early retirement’ of Sir Hubert Murray (who has been a mild critic of amalgamation) nothing has been said about the retirement of Sir Walter McNicoll (who has been a consistent advocate of the plan).

Sir Hubert Murray has stated, publicly and privately, in the last month, that he has no intention of retiring.

No serious issue is likely to arise, anyway On present indications, both Administrators probably will have been removed by Anno Domini long before the amalgamation plan is likely to function.

The expert committee probably will spend at least a year travelling around Papua and New Guinea, “investigating”. In the year after that, it will report. A slow-moving Cabinet probably will dither over the report during many more long months; with the likelihood that some major trouble—a change of Government, a war, a depression—will cause the indefinite shelving of the whole plan. On past history—especially in relation to Islands affairs —chances are 10 to 1 in favour of something like that occurring.

If the unexpected happens, and the plan functions soon, and there is a moving round of high administrative officials, people who are most likely to appear prominently in the picture (in addition to present Administrators) are:— Mr. Harold Page, Government Secretary at Rabaul, New Guinea.

Mr. Leonard Murray, Official Secretary at Port Moresby, Papua.

Major-General Sir Charles Rosenthal, Administrator, Norfolk Island.

Mr. J. R. Halligan, Ofiicer-in-Charge of Territories Affairs, Canberra.

Solomons And New Hebrides

IF and when the new plan functions, it is likely to have a wider application than Papua and the Mandated Territory.

Speaking at a public luncheon to Sir Hubert Murray, in Sydney, on February 22, Mr. R. W. Robson (editor of the “P.1.M.”) pointed out that the main impetus of the move towards amalgamation undoubtedly came from Australia’s sudden. belated recognition of her defence needs. Australia was subverting everything to defence; and an essential part of the defence scheme was the distribution of mobile naval and air forces through the islands to the north and north-east. That rendered necessary a more efficient control over Papua and the Mandated Territory: and it also called for a more definite plan of development and settlement.

But, he continued, if that were true in relation to Papua and New Guinea, it was equally true in relation to the Solomons and New Hebrides. It would be Scenes near Apia after the heavy rains in Western Samoa in January and early February.

Floods were general and the damage very extensive.

Photos show:—Top: Pipes of the Apia water supply, on the Vaisigano River, broken by floods.

Second and Third: Flood scenes on plantations near Apia.

Bottom: The damaged Vaisigano Bridge. 7 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M arch 15, 1939

illogical and absurd to place a defence organisation in Papua and (to the limits permitted by the Mandate) in New Guinea, and do nothing in the Solomons and New Hebrides which, from the de fence angle, were just as important to Australia.

It could be taken as certain, he said, that if there was to be an inquiry into an amalgamation plan, that inquiry must eventually be extended to the future of the Solomons, and of British interests in the New Hebrides.

Mr. Harrison, during the month, again referred to his vision of a large, competent Australian Colonial service, governing all the Australian tropical Territories as a single unit. No over-ripe imagination is needed to see the now undeveloped and miserably financed Territories of Solomons and New Hebrides being brought within the orbit of the new Australian Colonial service, as pai\, of the defence plan.

If the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific were to surrender his 8.5.1. and New Hebrides responsibilities to Australia, and take over from New Zealand responsibility for the Mandated Territory of Samoa, it would be nothing more than a logical, long-awaited, and apparently inevitable development.

Apart from officials, there now are no purely British interests in the Solomons or New Hebrides. The British Imperial interests there commerce, planting, shipping, currency, mission activities— are at least 95 per cent. Australian.

How Solomons, Hebrides and Fiji Come Into the Picture THUS Earl Beatty, a British naval officer, speaking in Sydney on February 151— “Day by day Australians see the encroachment of a Great Power to the north. They see her steadily advancing down in their direction. We must see that those islands in our possession are made strong enough to prevent this encroachment.

“A number of harbours suitable naturally and strategically must be chosen and put in a state of defence. We must have bases from which the cruisers defending our merchant convoys can operate, and where our merchantmen can rendezvous.

“The strengthening of Singapore has strengthened Australia’s position. The fortification of Darwin and Port Moresby is excellent as far as it goes. But there must be extension of these bases further to the east a chain from Singapore to Fiji, outposts of our defence.

“We have much to do in that direction. It is one of the principal necessities to the defence of this country, for not only would these outposts serve as naval bases, but as severe deterrents to any raiding force. Such a force must see that its lines of communication are free before it can venture, and these bases would act as forceful deterrents”.

New Guinea Plane Damaged THE engine of a Guinea Airways single-engined Junker machine, on a test flight, cut out just after leaving Wau aerodrome on March 8. Pilot Jack Robins could not get back, so he very skilfully landed in a cleared area nearby. The plane hit an obstruction and was badly damaged. No one was injured.

Mr. H. Hunt, of N.Z., has married Miss G. Acraman, of Fiji.

Attacked By Crocodile How Brave Papuan Saved a Child WRITING on February 16, Mr. F. W.

Burke, of Orokolo. Papua, sends the following remarkable account of a native’s bravery;— A few weeks ago a little Papuan girl, of lari village, in the Great Delta Division, went to the river to draw water.

No sooner had she stooped, than a huge crocodile swept her from the river bank with its tail, and dragged her below.

Immediately on hearing her cry, her uncle, Arko, who was close by, dived into the river and came face to face with the crocodile. Without hesitating, he plunged his bone dagger into the crocodile’s eye thus making it relinquish the child.

Arko brought the girl to the surface, placed her in a canoe and paddled to the Seventh Day Adventist Mission Hospital at Orokolo, a distance of about 45 miles. Here, the child was found to be suffering from a broken leg and deep wounds across her back and sides, caused by the crocodile’s frightful talons.

Without a whimper the child had her leg set and the wounds cleaned and sterilised. Under the care of Nurse Nolan, the child’s wounds healed quickly. The leg is still in plaster, but the child is well and very much alive.

Fijian Taken By Shark

A FIJIAN boy aged 11, was taken by a shark, while bathing in the Sigatoka River, in Fiji, early in February. He was returning from school, with other children and, disregarding the warnings of Fijian workmen, who said that they had seen sharks in the river, the boy dived into deep water from the Lomawai Bridge. He did not reappear and the water presently became bloodstained. The body was recovered the following day, in a condition which showed that it had been partly eaten by a shark.

Defence Work At Pt. Moresby Building of Fortifications Already Begun From Our Own Correspondent EPT. MORESBY, Feb. 28.

VIDENTLY to prepare for the use of Port Moresby as a base for naval units and military aircraft (to be part of Australia’s advanced defences), the fortification of the port already has begun.

A gang of 60 prisoners is at work on the summit of Paga Hill, overlooking the port, excavating and levelling the site for the proposed battery of (it is understood) six-inch guns.

A road has been surveyed from the end of the existing road at Paga Point, up the western flank to the summit.

A site at Konedobu has been occupied by the Defence Department for the erection of temporary barracks, and a contract for the building has already been let.

Another site, for permanent barracks, aerodrome, and the necessary adjuncts, has been selected on the flat land beyond the top of the “three-mile” hill.

Artisans are expected to arrive on the next two trips of the “Macdhui” for the constructional work.

To provide temporary accommodation for the men, pending the completion of the barracks, the trustees of the Library Institute have been told officially that the hall will be required by the Defence Department for several months, as from March 24.

Major K. D. Chalmers, of the Royal Australian Artillery, arrived in Port Moresby by air late in February for work in connection with defence arrangements.

How far the details of the scheme have been decided is not yet made public; but the promptitude with which work has been begun suggests that the plan is fairly complete.

Garrison of 35 r'E Australian Minister for Defence told the newspapers late in February that an artillery unit of about 35 men would be placed at Port no infantry would be sent, at present.

This is the sort of statement for which Australian Ministers are famous. Of course, no infantry will be sent to Port Moresby—under what possible combination of circumstances would they be of any use there? It is, in fact, difficult to see the value of the artillery unit.

If the Japanese—our potential enemy in the Pacific —want to take Port Moresby, the presence of a battery of 6-inch guns, and 35 artillerymen is not going to delay them very long.

The real plan, one may presume, is to make Port Moresby a base for an outer screen of light naval craft, for which it is admirably suited. Those small, fast ships, in the event of war, would be far out in northern New Guinea waters, watching for an enemy approach.

They would be assisted by aeroplanes, and the latter, probably, would be based also on Port Moresby.

Those craft would give Australia early advice of an approaching enemy, and would retire on Port Moresby and, in due course, upon the Australian coast.

In such circumstances, the 6-inch guns on Paga Hill, operated in conjunction with searchlights, would be useful in keeping hostile raiding craft away from Nurse Nolan, with the injured girl and her rescuer. 8 March 15, 19 3 9-Pacific Islands Monthly

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Alexandria, N.S.W. the base. But the artillery unit, as well as the naval and air craft, would have to retire on Australia if a powerful enemy force entered New Guinea waters.

Native Militia In Papua

SIR HUBERT MURRAY caused some discussion when he publicly ipade the suggestion in Sydney in February that a militia force of native Papuans be recruited in Papua. He suggested that this method of giving service to the European Government would be welcomed by the natives and he thought that, as the natives under good training and discipline had made such admirable policemen, he saw no reason why they should not be equally admirable soldiers.

The newspapers asked the Prime Minister and the Minister for Defence about it, but both gentlemen side-stepped very carefully ana considered it a matter for Cabinet. Mr. Hughes, however, who is the bad boy of the Cabinet and says always what he thinks, pointed out that no man was better qualified to speak on such a subject than Sir Hubert Murray.

“He understands these natives perfectly”, said Mr. Hughes, “and he would not make any suggestion which he thought would not be received favourably by them”.

It may be taken as certain that, if a considerable defence organisation is to be placed in Papua, a large force of native Papuan militia will be recruited to carry out at least such services as are usually performed by the army service corps, labour corps, etc.

New Guinea'S

DEFICIT Finances in Extraordinary Position DURING the seven months of the financial year (July, 1938, to January 31, 1939) the public finances of New Guinea were:— The Territory’s accumulated surplus, which in July was over £50,000 was down to £24,765 at the end of January.

One naturally looks for some extraordinary condition to explain so unsatisfactory a position: but the only explanation offered by the Administrator, at the Council meeting on March 2 (according to the “Rabaul Times”) was as follows: “His Honour pointed out the various contributing factors of the decreased revenue as compared with the previous year, and said that the Territory was now feeling the effects of a reduction in trade, which is common to almost all countries in the world, and is attributed by economists to the nervous tension that exists everywhere”.

This, with all respect to His Honour, is not very convincing. The Territory, in addition to the usual revenue from the usual sources, has a very substantial income from the 5 per cent, royalty on gold exported and, instead of running at a loss, it should be accumulating a large surplus for necessary developmental works. There certainly has not been sufficient recession in trade to justify such a bad financial position.

Rumours about New Guinea finances —mostly to the effect that there has been too lavish spending in many directions —have been current for some time.

It is indicated that an inquiry by a financial authority is overdue.

TROPICALITIES TO all coconut planters the word “whalfc” is anathema; but, some time ago, a planter in the New Hebrides had insult added to injury by one of these little pests. He was anchored off a small island, in his cutter, during a recruiting trip, and he was taking forty winks below. Suddenly the craft began to tremble and shake. He wondered what his crew were up to; then he thought it was an extra violent earthquake. He went on deck and glanced ashore; all seemed still and peaceful.

Then he looked forward, and saw one of the crew, with eyes like saucers, staring over the side. One look in that direction was enough! He spent the next five minutes holding his breath and praying that no one on board would sneeze and frighten the sixty odd feet, and hundred tons of whale, which was lazily scratching the barnacles off its hide on the side of his cutter. • • * IT is reported in Sydney that the energetic military officers sent to Port Moresby to push on with the work of quickly fortifying that port came into collision with some sections of the Papuan administration who are imbued with the Canberra spirit.

The Canberra spirit, in case you do not know, is spelled “procrastination”.

The thing, in the tropical Territories, which it is thought will be done within a month or two, generally takes a couple of years to accomplish. This is the result of the relationship between officials in Canberra and others in Port Moresby and Rabaul.

But these military officers cared nothing for tradition and less for hidebound bureaucracy. They wanted a road built to the top of Paga Hill (which is the high point overlooking Port Moresby Harbour on the seaward side) and they wanted it quickly. There were interviews with certain people in which, it is alleged, skin and hair flew; but. finally, the officers found a man of action in Mr. C. P. Dolan, well-known in Sydney military circles, and who recently became chief gaoler at Port Moresby.

The military officers seized gratefully upon Mr. Dolan, and the latter has now been given a free hand as regards carrying out urgent work for the Defence authorities. With a gang of 140 prisoners he is making rapid headway with the road, and with important work of excavating and levelling the hill-top for gun emplacements.

The work at Port Moresby was in hand and nearly completed almost before Australia knew that the fortification of the Port was even seriously contemplated. It is a tribute to the efficiency of the Defence Department. If it had been left to other Departments which customarily deal with the Territory the various high officials would still have been writing each other letters about it. * ♦ ♦ IF the general manager of one of those life insurance companies which “load” the rates of policies taken out by Islands residents had been in the Hotel Metropole, Sydney, on Monday morning, February 20, he would have hung his head in shame. At one table, there was Sir Hubert Murray, lean and vigorous and alert, despite the fact that more than 30 of his 76 years have been spent in Papua. Opposite him sat Mr. A. C.

English, healthy and lively after no less than 54 years in Papua. In a corner, sternly guarding a tall glass of excellent brew, was Mr. George Arnold—46 years in New Guinea and Papua. “They’ve been doing a little alluvial mining in my inside”, he said, “but you can tell the 9 Pacific Islands Mont hi y —M arch 15, 1939

The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political develyiments of the Pacific Islands.

ANNUAL MEETING will be held on Wednesday, April 5, 8 p.m., at Hotel Carlton, Sydney.

THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB, C/o Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, George St., Sydney.

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Broodway SYDNEY 'Phone: M 6506 *0 % m € m boys in Wau that I’m pretty well, and I’ll- be back soon”. With him, fit and brown, was Mr. C. B. L. Wilde, who has shown Australia that Wau can grow the world’s best coffee. He has been 30i years in New Guinea. At another table, chatting to Mr. and Mrs. Loudon, of Port Moresby, was Mr. Les. Joubert, Mr.

Arnold’s old “mate” on Morobe. Mr.

Joubert is somewhere in his fifties, 31 of those years were spent in the roughest parts of New Guinea and Papua; but he still has all his hair and teeth, and a figure and an outlook which place him in the ranks of permanent youth. * ♦ tc NEW GUINEA’S Administrator, Sir Walter McNicoll, used fruity metaphors on March 2, when describing to his Legislative Council the unprotected state of New Guinea. He said that the Territory “hangs like an over-ripe peach over the fence of the Australian orchard, waiting to be picked by some passing marauder. It is to be hoped that the orchardists’ watchdogs will be able to keep the marauders at a distance. It would be better still if the fence could be extended and strengthened so as to include the overhanging branches”.

Which seemed to be another way of saying that he hoped that Australia soon would annex the Mandated Territory.

Sir Walter has committed a sort of lese majesty. In of all Mandate officials, the Mandate system is holy and untouchable. It now is to be expected that a platoon of long-haired monsters from Geneva will arrive presently in Rabaul and tear out the toenails and otherwise mutilate the body of His Disrespectful Honour, the Administrator.

Transpacific Air

SERVICE Meteorological Station at Noumea IT would appear that the plan that Pan-American Airways shall run a sea-plane service across the Central Pacific from Hawaii to Australia via Canton Island and New Caledonia is being steadily proceeded with.

Details of the plan were given in the last issue of the “P.1.M.”, and it then was stated that a contract had just been signed between the Government of French New Caledonia and Pan American Airways, under which the latter were to establish a fortnightly return service between North America and Australia, via Noumea, before June 30, 1939. The island of Nouville, which lies opposite the town of Noumea, is now being prepared as a suitable aeroplane station.

It is reported in the “Bulletin du Commerce” of January 28 (published in Noumea) that Monsieur Suraud left Marseilles on January 23, by the “Ville de Strasburg. for Noumea. He is a meteorological engineer, and he is bringing with mm complete equipment, wherewith he will establish a meteorological station at Nouville, and will direct its operation when it commences to function in connection with the P.A.A. trahs-Pacific service.

Although the terms of the agreement between the French Government and Pan American Airways have been published nothing at all has yet been said by Pan American Airways; and, so far as is known, that company is still committed to the plan under which it is to run a service from Hawaii down through the Samoan Islands to Auckland in New Zealand. The “Bulletin du Commerce”, says that up to January 28 the American company has made no official announcement concerning its plans for the organisation of an aero-port at Nouville.

Boeing Clipper’S Maiden Flight

Pan-American Airways’ giant flyingboat, the Boeing Clipper, which is of a similar type to those intended ultimately for the South Pacific service, arrived at Hong Kong on March 5 on her maiden night across the Pacific from San Francisco.

Earthquake Damage In

SOLOMONS AVERY brief message from Rev. J. F.

Goldie, head of the Methodist Mission in the Solomons, says that in mid-February damage amounting to £5OO was caused by very severe earth tremors which destroyed the buildings of the mission station at Gizo, in the Northern Solomons. No one was injured.

Rev. J. P. Jarman, L.Th., of the Methodist Mission Station at Bunama, Papua, has been compelled to resign owing to ill-health. He returned to Australia on February 20. 10 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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About Islands People

Mr. and Mrs. O. G. Higgins spent a fortnight on furlough in Australia in February, and returned to Port Moresby earlv in March. Mr. Higgins is the general manager there of Papuan Oil Developments Ltd. He expressed considerable surprise on learning that there were in circulation in Australia rumors that the operations of P.O.D. in Papua were decreasing: and that P.O.D. was abandoning the search for oil in Papua.

He said that it was true that the search had been completed in certain sections, but the operations of P.O.D. in Papua were going on without any check or restrictions, and with the same confident hope that oil ultimately would be discovered.

Rev. C. S. Bull, of the Anglican Church, Lautoka, Fiji, was in Victoria in early March spending furlough, with his wife. He formerly was vicar of a parish in the Ballarat diocese.

Mrs. McLelland, wife of Rev. R. Mc- Lelland, of Mapoon Mission, has been in Thursday Island hospital seriously ill. In early March her condition was much improved.

Rev. H. M. Bell, of White Sands, Tanna Island, is at present in Melbourne on furlough with his wife and young son.

They are maintained in their work in the Ne.w Hebrides by the John G. Paton Fund, founded in memory of the late Dr. Paton, a pioneer missionary in the Condominium.

Mr. W. C. Foskett, after 39 years in the service of Burns, Philp "8z Co. Ltd., will retire at the end of March. During this long association he has seen the Islands’ Orders Department, with which he has been connected, grow from a staff of one (himself) to the large organisation which that section of the B.P. trade calls for to-day. His many friends and well-wishers throughout the Islands, and in Australia, will be pleased to know that he retires in the best of health, and that he looks forward to many future years of leisure.

Mr. E. L. Baker, Senior District Commissioner in Fiji, is now on short leave prior to retirement. Joining the service in 1901 as a clerk in the Colonial Secretary’s Department, he rose to be Acting Colonial Secretary and a member of the Legislative Council. During recent years he had been stationed at Rewa.

Mr. G. G. Ord, of Burns, Philp and Co.’s Witu branch, returned to New Guinea by the “Macdhui” on February 25, after spending furlough in Sydney.

Mrs. E. C. Skelly, well known resident of Samarai, where her husband is connected with Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., returned to Papua by the last “Macdhui” after several weeks’ holiday in Australia. While in Brisbane Mrs. Skelly received medical treatment,, but now has recovered.

Mr. C. Soderman, captain of the Anglican Mission schooner “MacLaren King”, returned to Samarai, Papua, by the February “Macdhui”, after a visit to Sydney, during which he underwent medical treatment.

Mr. A. McCarthy, of Invercargill, New Zealand, who for some years was judge of the High Court in Samoa, has been appointed judge of the Native Land Court in the Cook Islands, with headquarters at Rarotonga. On March 8 he travelled to Gisborne, N.Z., to spend three weeks with the Native Land Court before taking up his new appointment.

A guest of honour at the March gathering in Sydney of the Pacific Islands Club was Miss Margaret Hetherington Carruthers, of Apia, daughter of Mr. I.

H. Carruthers, a well-known identity in Samoa, and for many years a member of the Legislative Council. A talented singer of Island melodies, she has been heard over the air since her arrival in Sydney. For the past year she has been residing in Apia with her family.

TOP:—Mr. and Mrs. J. Pyke sailed from Sydney by the “Macdhui” on February 25 for Port Moresby, Papua, and later proceeded by air to Wau, T.N.G., where he is connected with Mandated Airlines, Limited. They had been in Sydney on leave.

BELOW:—Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Smith and their son John, returned to Wan, New Guinea, by the February “Bulolo” after short furlough in Sydney.

He is an employee of New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd. 11 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—M arch 15, 1939

EXPORTS 1937.

Quantity. Value.

Sugar (tons) .. 129,692 £1,388,681 Copra (tons) .. 30,001 407,354 Bananas (cases) 152,347 80,071 Gold (oz.) .. . 21,407 166,115 Molasses . .. 19,673 Trocas (tons) 144 12,273 Other 139,040 Total exports .. — £1.760.744 Total imports .. — £2,213.657 1938.

Value.

Quantity.

Sugar (tons) .134,415 £1,388,183 Copra (tons) , 33.475 270,915 Bananas (cases) 149,395 73,578 Gold (oz.) .. . . 89.354 701,252 Molasses — 22,881 Trocas (tons) . 140 7,731 Other — 120.469 Total exports .. — £1,675,437 Total imports . — £2,535,029 Eu D mm Capture the Action!

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Fiji’S Riches

Gold Production In 1938 Worth £700,000 The following table shows the trade of Fiji for the calendar year 1938.

The figures show also the 1937 totals, lor comparison. The comparison is misleading, however. 1937 was practically a boom” year. The 1938 totals, while showing a slight swing-back compared with 1937, do nevertheless indicate a very healthy condition of trade.

Sugar has about held its own. Copra and trocas have felt severely the fall in world prices.

The most interesting development is the growth of gold production. The effect of this is to markedly increase the total value of Fiji’s exports, so that thev now are £860,000 in excess of imports— and Fiji’s oversea debt is negligible That excess does not remain in Fiji, of course —much of it goes to the shareholders of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co., and some, maybe, to the promoters of the Emperor and Loloma gold mines. Nevertheless, enough remains in Fiji to make it the best-endowed territory in the Pacific.

Samoan Airport

Preparations Near Apia Prom Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 27.

SOUNDINGS are being taken and a survey made of the western Upolu coast, within the reef, between Mulifanua and Magia. This is to obtain information regarding the suitability of the area for the landing of seaplanes.

At Vailele, east of Apia, preparations are in progress for the creation of a landing ground and aerodrome for land planes.

There is a growing probability that Western Samoa will be at least a commercial airport of importance in the near future.

Mr. Ben Jannif, manager of Caine’s Studios, Suva, Fiji, married Miss Amina Khanum Raheem early in February. This being a Moslem wedding, the bride retains her own name.

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Attack on New Guinea Air Mail Plea by "Combine" That Townsville be Terminal WHEN it became known that established airlines in Australia (usually called the “Combine” lines) were putting pressure upon the Commonwealth Government, to cut off the New Guinea-Australia airmail at Townsville, there was indignation in Papua and New Guinea.

The “Combine” lines (unsubsidised) run services from Sydney to Townsville, and they objected to Carpenter Airways (non-“ Combine” and subsidised) running between Sydney and Townsville.

They urged that the Carpenter service should stop at Townsville, and thus avoid duplication and that passengers and mails should come on by the other airmails.

It is as if the coastal steamship lines demanded that the P. and O. and Orient Lines should stop at Fremantle, and their passengers and freight be taken on to eastern ports by coastal liners.

Townsville as the terminal instead of Sydney would cause expense and inconvenience to Territories residents.

As soon as Mr. H. T. Allan, president of the New Guinea Mining Association, arrived in Sydney on March 6, he inquired into the position, and then he sent the following telegram to the Prime Minister:— “As reported in newspapers that Cabinet considered aviation matters and possibility of stopping New Guinea airmail service at Townsville, I on behalf of residents of Morobe section of New Guinea strongly oppose any alteration in Sydney terminal of air service from New Guinea.

All Territory residents consider service urgently needs augmentation rather than restriction. Will make personal representations in Canberra next week”.

There is a growing demand for the duplication of the New Guinea air-service. Passengers complain that they cannot get berths unless they book three and four weeks ahead.

The Copra Market In Europe By Our Special Correspondent LONDON, February 28.

THE Copra market is firm, and during the last two months has advanced about £1 per ton.

The reason is that there has been a very good demand from consumers and, at the time of writing, this demand continues. In the opinion of Messrs. H. M.

P. Faure and Co., of London (and others, too) values will be at least maintained. This applies net only to Britain, but also to the Continent, as the demand has been from both.

Now, as regards competitive factors.

The new Whale Oil catch, which is now arriving, is much inferior in quantity to last year, and private estimates put the reduction at about 30 per cent.

With regard to Soya Beans—the main buyer is Germany, who has for some time been buying from the East on a barter basis.

Concerning Palm Kernels, quantities arriving from the West Coast of Africa have been much smaller than usual, and what quantities have been available, have been readily absorbed by crushers.

Germany continues her policy of buying on a barter basis whenever that is possible. Naturally, this has, broadly speaking, the effect of making a rather nominal market with such articles as Soya Beans.

The reduced Whale Oil catch will, in the view of merchants in London, undoubtedly have an effect on the Copra market and the recent rise is very largely attributable to this.

So far as Europe is concerned, America for the time being is out of the market. So far as Faure and Co. can see, the position is at the moment, that America has sufficient supplies of her own and will not find it necessary for some months to come at least, to import oil bearing material. This has had the effect of turning Philippines Copra towards Europe. 13 Pacific Islands Month 1 y—M arch 15, 1939

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N. G. GOLDFIELDS ROAD Engineer Recommends Bitoi Route AFTER carrying out most difficult inspections of the proposed routes for . the Salamaua-Wau road, Mr. Field (Director of Public Works in New Guinea) finally reported that there were only two routes for practical consideration: I.—The short route, via the Bitoi (about 50 miles), as recommended by the Wau community. 2.—The long route (Salamaua-along coast to Markham-up Markham to Wampit-thence to Bulwa, Bulolo Valley and Wau). This is over 100 miles, and is advocated by tb 4 ose who wish the road to have permanent value in developing the Ramu hinterland.

It is understood that the estimated cost of each route is about £200,000. Because it provides a much shorter route for goldfields traffic, Mr. Field has recommended the Bitoi road.

It is believed that Mr. Field’s report reached Canberra about the end of February.

Meanwhile, Mr. H. T. Allan has informed the Minister that the survey party sent out by the N.G. Mining Association had gathered data to prove that the road, via Bitoi, could be built for the original estimate of £150,000. Mr. Allan urges an early start on the construction of the road because: Much of the survey work already is completed.

Miners and contractors, with at least 1,000 native labourers, are available to start work now, but may be dispersed within a few weeks.

A road along the Bitoi Valley will open up new gold-bearing country for development.

Early completion of the road will allow an early start by the Bulolo Valley timber interests, who are going to provide valuable back-loading.

It is thought in some quarters that the choice between the two routes will be referred to the Amalgamation Commission—which, of course, will mean a long delay.

Better Cattle

Beef and Butter in Fiji r:E cattle-farming industry of Fiji continues steadily to improve.

There now are numerous dairy farms in Fiji and, up until 1934 Fiji was not only supplying all its own requirements in butter, but was exporting a substantial surplus. It then became apparent that it was possible to convert the surplus of Fijian butter into an article called ghee, which is much in demand by the Indian population; and from that time onwards the exports of Fijian butter and the imports of Indian ghee were cut out.

Mr. J. T. Bayly, of Sigatoka, Fiji, who is the foremost breeder of cattle in the colony, has just imported into Fiji two Red Poll heifers and a yearling Red Poll bull, of the famous Haddon Rig stud at Warren, New South Wales. Mr. Bayly, using these newly-imported cattle, proposes to establish at his Sigatoka estate a high class stud, from which he will breed a better class of bulls for his various herds. 14 March 15, 1939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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American Professor on Future Policy of Japan “rTVHEY'RE coming south!” was the 1 frank statement of Dr. Tyler Dennett, professor of international affairs at Princeton University, U.S.A., when he arrived in Melbourne from China, Japan and the Philippines on February 15, and was asked by the Melbourne “Herald” to comment on the Japanese occupation of Hainan Island.

Dr Dennett is visiting Australia under the auspices of the Carnegie Corporation.

A second, and still more important thing, he said, was the question; What are the French—and the British—going to do about it? Japan in Hainan threatened French and British communications. It was an ideal air base, 300 miles from Hong Kong, and an important factor in Japan’s evident expectation to control the whole China Coast.

Another factor was Japan’s military line, stretching 2,700 miles from Canton to Tientsin, back of Hankow.

Japan was not looking beyond Hainan to Australia, said Dr. Dennett; at least, not for the present.

It was obvious that General Chiang Kai-shek must stress the ultimate possibility of attack on Australia, in his attempt to draw Britain and France into the Sino-Japanese struggle. It was just as obvious that Japan must strenuously deny any such intention.

China, he said, was very optimistic. It had great capacity for resistance. China was not going to organise a great campaign to retake Nankin, Hankow, and Tientsin; but its unlimited man-power gave the country an illimitable stayingpower. From now on, the battle would be between the Japanese yen and the Chinese dollar—and the dollar now was better money than the yen.

The foreign merchants’ day was over in Japan and China, said Dr. Dennett.

Whichever side won would exclude the foreign trader. This was apparent in China years before the trouble with Japan. Chinese politicians had made their way by kicking the foreigner around, although just now they were very fond of him. There was no reason to believe the war had brought a permanent change of - heart.

Dr. Dennett said he found in the Philippines that the political leaders, who had been galloping furiously towards independence for more than 50 years, were now trying to swap horses, and go just as furiously in the opposite direction.

The public, trained to shout for independence, was not inclined to applaud the change of policy.

Thoughtful leaders believed that to complete secession by 1946, according to the U.S., legislation which provided for withdrawal from the Far East by that time, would be to hand the Philippines over to Japan. Some effort would be made to revise the Philippine independence policy, but whether this would be achieved it was hard to say.

Politicians in the Philippines had thrived on abuse of America and assertions that she had not fulfilled her promises. Now they were going to try to educate their own people back to the idea of dependence on the United States.

At the same time they would like to educate the American people back to where they were before the policy of withdrawal from the Far East. In both these re-education efforts they would have to race against time.

Threat Against East Indies

a DEMAND that Holland should sell A Dutch New Guinea to Japan was voiced by the newspaper “Osaka Asahi”, in February. It said that the Dutch ’ Pacific possessions are the next area to be conquered after China.

In a truculent editorial the “Asahi” warns Holland that “she is expected to become conscious of the new situation in the Pacific”.

Foreign correspondents believe that the “Asahi” reflects the Government’s intentions more accurately than Mr. Arita, who said that the bases on the island Oo."S were t 0 be used againSt ° hma ° nly ’

Attitude Of Dutch

The tak mg steps to strengthen its aeiences the East Indies.

E Briggs, of Sydney University, who recently spent some time in the East In dies found that the Dutch were ajnx ious to deal with the problem of j apane se penetration into Dutch New Guinea. They were no longer prepared to grant concessions to the Japanese, who had leased areas in the north for cotton growing. 15 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—M arch 15, 1939

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C. Of E. Mission

WORK Rearrangement in New Guinea and Norfolk Island AN anomaly which has existed for a long time is the division of the Mission activities of the Church of England in the Western Pacific.

The Melanesian Mission (headquarters in the Solomons) has had responsibility for the Solomons, the New Hebrides, Norfolk Island, and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea. The Bishop of New Guinea (head of a Queensland diocese) has had charge of Anglican Missions in Papua, but not in New Guinea.

It now has been arranged that the Bishop of New Guinea shall have charge of the whole of the mainland of New Guinea; but the islands of New Britain New Ireland and Bougainville (part of the Mandated Territory of New Guinea) remain the responsibility of the Melanesian Mission.

Responsibility for Norfolk Island (once the headquarters of the Melanesian Mission) has been transferred to the Archbishop of Sydney.

There is doubt as to whether the Bishop of New Guinea has funds or facilities for undertaking mission work among the New Guinea natives. It is expected that he will limit his activities to the European community, for the present.

Mr. E. G. Theodore, well-known executive of the major Fiji gold companies, arrived at Suva by the February “Mariposa”.

On Furlough From New

BRITAIN STANLEY JONES, L.Th., of the Methodist Mission, arrived in Sydney from Rabaul, New Guinea, by the “Bulolo” on March a. He was accompanied by Mrs. Jones, and Sp !? d three months ’ furlough in Fo r , the P ast three years, Mr. Jones has been stationed at Kabakada, New Britain in the Mandated Territory of New Guinea.

A "Dead" Man Arises

Embarrassing Situation In Rarotonga From Our Own Correspondent T„ . RAROTONGA, Feb. 15.

WO days ago a Rarotongan native was seriously ill, and when he sank into a state of coma his relatives thought he was dead.

As it is the usual custom, when someone dies, to have the burial the same day, immediate preparations were made for this man’s funeral. Being short of ready cash to buy the coffin, the family sold many of his personal effects.

Then he awoke to the music of the coffin makers, the wailing of his relatives, and the squealing of pigs being killed for the funeral feast.

He now is on the road to recovery and wondering what to do with a brand new coffin.

Jioni Toga, a native minister from Tonga, is at present doing deputation work for the Methodist Mission in Sydney. 16 March 15, 1939-Pacific Islands Monthly

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TOP HATS Embarrassing Errors of Early Missionaries

By Julian Dashwood

A NUMBER of books, giving prominence to early missionary work in the Pacific, have appeared recently, causing, according to their particular slant, approbation or disapproval among those competent to judge.

In all such works the author’s own bias colours his recital of facts and, however unemotionally he records these, it will obtrude like a thin Him over the whole book. In some, it is almost impossible to separate the truth from those prejudices which cement his writing.

Conversely, in many books wrtiten by missionaries themselves, one is often unable to distinguish between the narrator’s enthusiasm for his subject and the real value of the work performed.

Perhaps no fairer method of criticism could be devised than to draw upon the various societies’ own journals, always remembering that these were written at a time when the religious life of the world generally moved at a different tempo than it does now.

THE most powerful society was and still is— the London Missionary Society, launched in 1794 as a child of that evangelical revival originated by Whitefield and Wesley, and which swept England as a popular reaction to the neighbouring revolution in France.

In an address by Dr. Haweis to assembled ministers at Spa Fields Chapel on September 22, 1795, the former remarked that “. . . we desire to carry the glad tidings of this salvation to the distant lands, sunk deep in heathen darkness and covered with the shadow of death”.

Dr. Haweis was referring to Tahiti, an island of which he—in common with those associated with him—knew very little; although Bougainville, writing in 1768, with the wider vision of a man of the world, stated that in Tahiti he ‘‘seemed to be transported into the Garden of Eden”. In fact, according to Havelock Ellis, the view spread by early missionaries, that the Tahitians practised “the worst pollutions of which it was possible for man to be guilty” requires, in the light of modern knowledge, serious modification.

At this meeting it was indicated that if educated men were not forthcoming, then the Society would select uneducated ones: and indeed, from the whole tenor of the address, it would appear that these were even favoured, although there were some who realised the folly of such a course.

“There have not ceased to be men of influence in the Society who sincerely think that the best education for missionaries is none at all, and the next best is that which consists in teaching them to make wheelbarrows or plant turnips”. (History of the L.M.S., Vol. 1. page 73).

The sailing of the mission ship “Duff” is familiar history. But a singular reticence has been observed regarding the subsidiary details. Out of the 30 who composed the original batch of evangelists, 23 ceased to have any connection with the Society shortly after their return to England, following the capture of the “Duff” by a French privateer; and out of the second 30 who finally reached Tahiti, only nine were still within the fold three years later.

A sublime disregard for local conditions went hand in hand with almost incredible stupidity in the selection of those to undertake the work. The Rev. John Eyre, a young man of 25, was accompanied by his wife, a lady of 64. while another, named Cover, brought along a small boy in the last stages of consumption! The child died while the ship still lay at Portsmouth.

ON March 5, 1797, the “Duff” reached Tahiti, where it was at once apparent that the newcomers would not share the rhapsodies of Bougainville.

“. . , For the first time, those sent to begin, on behalf of the Society, the glorious work of preaching Christianity to the heathen, came into direct contact with the human beings they sought to bless. . .

When the first ceremonies were over we began to view our friends with an eye of enquiry; their wild disorderly behaviour, strong smell of coconut oil, together with the tricks of the areois, lessened the favourable impression we had formed of them. Neither could we see aught of that elegance and beauty in their women for which they had been so greatly celebrated. . . we endeavoured 17 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

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TS FLAVOUR" to make them understand that this was the day of the Atua, and that on it we durst not trade, but their women, repulsed, occasioned even greater wonder among them”. (From the official Journal kept on board the “Duff”).

And yet in J. R. Forster’s “Observations Made on a Voyage Round the World”, published in 1778, we find a charming description of Tahiti, and its people. “In short, their character”, he concludes, “is as amiable as that of any nation that ever came unimproved out of the hands of Nature. . . Whenever we came to this happy island we could perceive the opulence and happiness of its inhabitants”.

Turnbull, who visited Tahiti in 1880 writes that “their manner of addressing strangers, from the king to the meanest subject, is courteous and affable in the extreme. . . They certainly live amongst each other in more harmony than is usual amongst Europeans”.

Yet these were the same people of whom the chronicler on the “Duff” could find little or nothing to praise, and to whom the pilgrim evangelists sang their sombre and prophetic hymn, beginning “O’er the gloomy hills of darkness”.

FROM the outset, arguments arose as to the wisdom of entering either the political or commercial fields. In 1837 we find the missionary J. M Orsmond writing that “we are a set of trading priests, our closets are neglected and our cloth disgraced”.

Politically, too, the Society soon found itself unabie or unwilling to refrain from interference with secular affairs. First in Tahiti and Kaiatea, then in Rarotonga in 1826, a code of laws was drawn up by the missionaries in consultation with the leading chiefs, and subsequently ratified by the peopie generally. In this manner, as will readily be understood, the Society not only strengthened its spiritual authority, but also obtained a temporal hold over those islands on which it was represented.

The severity- of many of these laws and their puritanical insistence on the preservation of moral standards led, in 1891, to Mr. F. J. Moss, first British Resident at Rarotonga, including the following remarks in his report for that year on the conditions in Mangaia: “• • • There is no regard for personal liberty, nor any pretence to sucn a regard. At sunset a bell rings from the Mission House, and the streets of the two adjacent villages are at once paraded by policemen, each with a native drum, who warns the people to remain in their own premises, which they cannot then leave unless with a lighted torch in hand.

After sunset, the streets are thoroughly deserted, except by the police, who prowl about secretly and enter any house, at any hour, to satisfy themselves that no improper proceedings are going on within. These policemen number 150—about one to every twelve of the population.

Their only qualification is church-membership, and the night duty is done by detachments selected weekly. . . Women are said to have been exposed in dark holes, and with little or no clothing, to the attacks of mosquitoes; men are said to have been hung up by the feet; and similar means taken to extort criminating confession and its attendant fine”.

That these methods had not earned unanimous approval is clearly demonstrated in a letter, from Tahiti, by the missionary Howe, in 1848: “Having registered the lands as national property, the Governor passed a law . . . that the people should keep the schools, chapels and missionary premises in repair ... out of 80 delegates there were only seven in favour of his motion, those who spoke said that we had got enough out of them already!

Such things are excessively painful to hear”.

BUT perhaps the worst indictment which can be levelled against the Society is the inoculation of the peoples under its influence with a fear of death and a sense of sin—innovations which in the case of the Tahitians had as far-reaching results as the opening of Pandora’s box. That neither existed formerly has been amply established. In Cook’s “Third Voyage of Discovery, 1776- 1780”, occurs the passage: “I never saw 18 March 15, 1939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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FIJI REPRESENTATIVES: PEARCE Cr CO. LTD. them, in any misfortune, labour under the appearance of anxiety after the critical moment was past. Neither does care ever seem to wrinkle their brow.

On the contrary, even the approach of death does not appear to alter their usual vivacity”.

To compare with this we find, in the “History of the L.M.S., Vol. 1, pages 268- 269”: “A generation trained in heathenism could not thus have come under the power of the Gospel without in many cases passing through the deep waters of spiritual experience. Pomare himself was an example of this. Fear of eternal punishment as the only fit reward for crimes such as his, and hope that in some way Christ would deliver him seem to have alternately tortured and’soothed his darkened mind. . . Civilisation, apart from the Gospel, could never have started such questions as these and could certainly have held out no comfort to any such troubled souls”.

NO review, however brief, would be complete without some mention of the sweeping changes wrought by the Society in the domestic life and customs of the people generally, often to the detriment of health and happiness.

These attempts to transplant Victorian niceties to the South Seas were most clearly seen in Tonga where, by the close of last century, the population had been dizened out in old bonnets, shapeless gowns, trousers and swallow-tailed coats for Sunday, and where, in place of the cool spaciousness of their former homes, houses had become receptacles for accumulated rubbish, the chairs covered with hideous antimacassars and the tables loaded with round worsted mats.

Punishable too, by fine and imprisonment: (a) To wear native clothing; (b) to play at ball; (c) to bathe on Sunday; rd) to wear a garland of flowers; (e) to build a native-fashioned house.

And when one pauses to think that out of a total revenue of over £6,500,000. a large proportion was expended m bringing about a state of affairs similar to that just described, one is not only inclined to deplore such misplaced zeal but also to endorse the words of the late Lord Stanmore, a former Governor of Fiji and High Commissioner of the Pacific, who said, apropos of conditions m Tonga that “men in such circumstances are ripe for revolt, and sometimes the revolt comes”.

N.I.'s TROUBLES SAYING that they had been unable to obtain" a reasonable living in spite of all their efforts, 27 residents of Norfolk Island reached Auckland on February 13, in the steamer “Tasman in search of work in New Zealand. About 15 of them are former New Zealanders: the others have spent their lives on Norfolk Island. They said that a change from Australian to New Zealand control and more frequent shipping services were necessary before the island could hope to flourish. One hundred settlers had left in the last three months.

Mr. A. J. Peadon, a well-known New Guinea miner, suffered a painful accident in the Ramu district in February.

He was working on his claim, when a large stone rolled on to him and badly cut his leg. He was brought to Sydney by aeroplane, and placed under expert treatment, in the hope that the broken bones may be made to grow together again.

Mr. E. C. Monck, who is well-known in New Guinea, left Sydney for Rabaul, by the February “Bulolo”, “looking”, as he expressed it, “for further investments”. A few years ago, Mr. Monck took over the lease of the famous Ah Chee Hotel in Rabaul and re-named it the Cosmopolitan Hotel. Then he sold it and returned to West Australia. A little later, he made the trip by air from Perth to Wau, in New Guinea, in the Hercules aeroplane bought in West Australia by Mr. E. Stevens. Mr.

Monck went on to Rabaul, and took over the lease of the Hotel Rabaul.

He sold out on May 15, 1937, to Mrs.

C. R. Bignell and left for a trip up East. Exactly a fortnight later, in Hong Kong, Mr. Monck received news of the Rabaul eruption, wherein so much property was destroyed. He since has visited China, Japan, Singapore and the East Indies, and has spent some time in Western Australia. 19 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M arch 15, 1939

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Polynesian Club

A PICTURESQUE ceremony took place at the February meeting of the Polynesian Club, when a gift of mats from Mrs. Wetzel, of Samoa, sister of the Faatonu Taisi, O. F. Nelson was presented to the Club by Mrs. Augusta Lembke, of Randwick, Sydney. Mrs.

Lembke, who is the daughter of Mrs Wetzel, replied to an address of welcome by the President, Mr. Leonard Moran and unrolled the mats herself, being the first to sit down on them, and wished the Club success.

A kava-making followed, at which Mrs Lembke was the chief guest. This ceremony was supervised by Mr. Richard Hahn, and was made by Mrs. Waikainga Tipene, a chieftainess of the Ngapuhi (N.Z.). The kava was also presented to Mrs. Vika Lamacraft (Tonga), Mr. Hamuera Ormsby (a rangatira of the Maniapoto people, N.Z.), Mrs. Ruth Tareta Beckman (Avarua, Rarotonga), Mrs Daisy Strachan (Butaritari, Gilbert Islands), Miss Olita and Mr. R. Hahn (Tonga), Mr. Victor Tipene (Wellington, N.Z.), Mr. John McCoy (Norfolk Island), and Mrs. Fetch (Pitcairn Island), both descendants of men of the “Bounty”.

Others present who partook of the ceremonial drink were Madame Antoinette Mourin (formerly of Makatea), Mr. Hemi Hokena (Hawkes Bay, N.Z.), Mrs. Katarina Ormsby (Rotorua, N.Z.).

Another gift of finely made long and short Maori “poi” was received from Mr.

Julian Waretini, of Rotorua. In the absence of Mr. Waretini in N.Z., Mrs. Wiki Byron, the Club’s senior Arawa representative, partook of the kava as a compliment to her fellow tribesman. After the kava, a fine programme of Polynesian folk dances was presented by the members, among them being the Samoan “Ma’ulu’ulu” and the Maori dance commemorating the voyage to N.Z. of the famous canoe, Te Arawa.

Mr. Royston Raymond Leslie Foulkes, Government Medical Assistant at Namatanai, T.N.G.. died on February 13, aged 44. He had spent nine years in the New Guinea Public Service. At one time, he was engaged in medical work in Persia and later took part in the Great War.

Sir Hubert Murray on Native Policy "We May Have Gone a Little Too Far"

SIR HUBERT MURRAY, Lieutenant- Governor of Papua, was likened to i - L P rd Lugard, of Nigeria, and the latter s pupil Sir Donald Cameron, of Tanganyika, by Dr. H. lan Hogbin, when presiding at a luncheon arranged in his honour by Pacific Islands Club members at the Carlton Hotel, Sydney, on February 23.

Both Lord Lugard and Sir Donald Cameron are regarded as outstanding native administrators, and recognised authorities throughout the Empire on Colonial problems. “Because of his long experience and eminent gifts”, said Dr Hogbin, “Sir Hubert takes rank with them!”

Those who attended (including leading Sydney business men), were interested to hear an important statement from Sir Hubert; “In a place like Papua one has to deal with Europeans as well as natives, and the latter need just as much protection as the Papuans. I have always endeavoured to hold the scales evenly between both peoples. Because one is pro-native, there is no necessity for one to be anti-white. I contend that one can be both pro-native and pro-European!”

There was sometimes a danger that an administrator, he said, might be carried away by his duty to the natives and forget what he owed to the European members of the same community. “I do not say that it always exists”, Sir Hubert added, “but one has to guard against the possibility”.

Sir Hubert recalled the time when any person who took an interest in natives’ cultures was regarded as a crank.

If employers clothed and fed their native employees in an adequate manner, it was solely in the interests of themselves: adequately garbed and housed natives were a better business proposition. But with the advancement of anthropology, the whole outlook had changed. “I am wondering whether we may not have gone just a little too far in looking after the natives”, he said.

Sir Hubert told some interesting and amusing stories of his early days in Papua.

Sir Hubert’s appearance at the P.I. Club was his last in public for some time.

Soon after, he entered St. Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, to undergo treatment for malaria. He left hospital on March 3, and is now resting in the country.

Fiji Inter-Island Vessel Sold

AFTER 10 years in the Fiji interisland trade, the Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.’s steamer “Malake” (736 tons) has been sold to John Burke, Ltd., of Queensland. She was built in 1928 by the Grangemouth Dockyard Co., Ltd., Scotland, and was commissioned as a passenger and cargo vessel for the Fiji service almost immediately. The two motor vessels “Matafele” (formerly in Samoa) and “Yanawai” will take over her run.

The “Malake” arrived in Sydney from Suva on February 24 and, after being refitted for use as a general cargo boat, left for Queensland on March 3 to maintain a service between Brisbane, Mackay and Rockhampton, 20 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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ISLANDS— Mr. James George Ashley, manager of the Royal Hotel, Levuka, Fiji, died on February 13, at the age of 45. He was well-known in the Colony, having been associated with the Metropole and Melbourne Hotels for many years.

His Honour Mr. Douglas R. Stewart, C.M.G., Administrator of St. Kitts-Nevis, West Indies, who was fot many years connected with the Fiji Civil Service, died recently at the age of 52.

Mr. Trafford Smith, of the British Colonial Office, has been seconded to the Fiji Government Secretariat for two years. He took up his duties in February.

Papua Prospers

Oil-Rubber-Coffee-Defence Works AS a result of oil prospecting operations and the high price of rubber, Papua is experiencing new commercial prosperity, said Sir Hubert Murray (Lieut.- Governor of Papua) on his arrival in Sydney in February.

The rubber plantations, owned by Europeans and worked with native labour, now covered a total area of about 70,000 acres, 50,000 acres of which had been taken up in the last two years. The entire output of the plantations was absorbed by Australia.

The coffee plantations were also prospering. Unlike the rubber plantations, they were owned and worked by Papuans.

The Administration assisted the owners by remitting taxation, supplying seed, and instructing the natives how to cultivate their holdings, stipulating that they should work a certain number of days in the week. The crop was marketed by the Administration, which returned the natives half the proceeds of sale, and with the other half maintained a fund reserved expressly for native purposes, such as the establishment of hospitals and schools.

This year the coffee crop was sold for £2,000, of which the natives received £l,OOO. Several hundreds of natives were now engaged in coffee production.

With the prospect that the production of petroleum would soon be added to Papua’s many valuable exports, the adequate defence of the country assumed an even greater importance, said Sir Hubert Murray. Considerable significance, therefore, attached to the recent visit to Papua of three Australian defence experts. This mission had selected a site for a base for the mobile naval and air forces which the Federal Government intended to establish at Port Moresby. Fixed defences would be provided there and the base would be used as a station for flying-boats.

Kauri From Fiji

New Export Trade THE Fiji Kauri Timber and Land Company Ltd. made its first regular shipment of kauri logs to Australia by the steamer “Tambua” in February (says the “Fiji Times”). The company has an agreement for a year’s supply of kauri logs to Australian manufacturers who are interested in veneer work.

February shipment totals 108,000 ft., the logs ranging from 6 ft. to 13 ft. in circumference. They were transported from the mill to Tavua by lorry and thence rafted alongside the ship at Tavua Bay, where they were loaded.

Shipments will be made every five weeks. This is expected to be the beginning of a profitable export trade.

Mr. J. C. Barley, Resident Commissioner in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, arrived in Sydney on February 23, after 5 months’ absence on furlough in Europe. He is accompanied by Mrs.

Barley. Mr. Barley has been Commissioner, with his base at Ocean Island, for six years. Previously he was for many years in the British Colonial service in the Solomons. With his wife, Mr. Barley will board the first steamer leaving Australia to load phosphates at Ocean Island. 22 March 15, 1 939-Pacific Islands Monthly

Hi The Mrstheh

liii J § o A Top-Dressing In The Tropics BY “AMEL.” ¥N Suva, the business of having one’s i hair attended to is a simple matter. For the male of the species, European, Indian and Japanese barber shops offer a varied choice to suit most tastes and pockets; and, if you cannot decide which to patronise, you simply “eenie, meenie, minie, mo” them!

For the female of the species, who naturally desires more twiddley-bits to her hair-dressing, there is an upto-date and well-appointed establishment, where, in an atmosphere of coolness and peace, it is possible to be shampooed, bobbed, shingled, bingled, dyed, waved or curled. Such an enchanting, inviting array of possibilities to tempt the feminine mind! No wonder so many of them fall for things they shouldn’t!

But, wait! The scene changes to a humble copra plantation, on an island a couple of hundred miles from Suva.

Delicately-scented hair-dressing emporiums are lamentably distant, and one’s hair grows at an alarming rate —due, no doubt, to the outdoor life and the “wide open spaces”. When it reaches an uncontrollable length, and mosquitoes and heat are driving one crazy, the following procedure is adopted.

One chooses a Sunday morning (this is the favourite time) when Father has himself comfortably established with spectacles and book. Then one approaches him somewhat diffidently, and says, in a half-bantering tone, “Oh—er —um—Dad ... I suppose you couldn’t spare half an hour or so, could you?”

Down goes the book, and one is treated to a very cold glare.

“What for, eh? Hrrrmph! Want your hair cut, do you? Oh, well, all right. Never saw such people . . . can’t leave a bloke alone for five minutes. Are you all ready? Got the clippers and scissors and comb, and something to tie round your neck?

“Come along, then. Sit here. And don’t slump like that . . . haven’t you got a spine?

“Now, how much do you want taken off? A goodish bit here, but not too much there? You women are too darn finicky. What a nuisance these ears are! Here, hold that one down while I trim around it. Hang the mosquitoes! There . . . that will do you.

It looks all right. For goodness sake clear out now, and don’t ask me to cut your hair again for another six months!”

One thanks Father—it really was good of him—and then hovers uncertainly around the nearest mirror for half an hour, anxious to have a look, but without courage to take that first peep.

And now let’s have a look at a Fijian female getting her hair ready for a meke-meke.

When she decides to give her hair a “doing”, she does the thing properly.

No half-pie measures for her. She dons her oldest sulu, and smears her head (and half her face) with a priming of wood-ashes mixed to the desired consistency with water. (This is to kill off some of the livestock!) When this nauseating mess has been on for several hours, giving the wearer a somewhat haggard appearance, she pours over it a delightful concoction of black dye and swamp mud . . . guaranteed to grow whiskers on a bil- Hard ball!!

After a decent period has elapsed, Milady deigns to wash her besmeared head. Then she dries it, combs it, trims it neatly, massages it with coconut oil, and, presto, she is ready to face the social whirl!

Dr. G. H. Vernon, who sold out his interests at Daru, in Western Papua last year, and moved to Round Hill, in Eastern Papua, where he proposed to grow kapok, has accepted a Government position as medical officer at Misima, and took up his residence at that busy mining centre in January, Dr. Vernon has not given up his plantation at Round Hill, but he has abandoned the kapok plan and has turned the property over to rubbergrowing. He intends to remain indefinitely at Misima, where he finds the work and associations very congenial. Incidentally, he has had a good deal of work to do since he arrived there, owing to recurrent epidemics of sickness among the native labourers at the mines. 23 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1931)

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Mr. Chompion is Acting-Governor for 15th Time From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Feb. 20.

Hon. h. w. champion, c.b.e., Papua’s Government Secretary and the senior member of the Executive Council, has been sworn in to act as Lieutenant Governor of the Territory during the absence on furlough of Sir Hubert Murray.

This is the fifteenth occasion on which Mr. Champion has been Acting Administrator, and the total duration of his tenure of the office amounts to several years.

Myths Of Tropic

ISLES Story of Disillusionment

By “Tauata.”

LONG ago, some writer or college of writers composed the Legend of the Tropics. Conceived to adorn a tale of some veracious traveller, perpetuated to embellish torrid romance and travel agency brochures, it seems destined to live forever.

Between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, Nature conducts herself in a most extraordinary way. The sun, in the morning, rushes up like a rocket, and at evening disappears behind the western horizon with the speed of a falling meteor. Light and darkness explode over the world without the gracious ceremonies of dawn and twilight.

Absolutely every writer of travelogue or romance who leads his reader to the Torrid Zone, wedges into his text some sentence to faithfully carry on the myth: “Night fell suddenly like a sable curtain over the palpitating tropic world” or some phrase of similar import.

Islands— “emerald jewels set in the enamel of a sapphire sea”—invariably shimmer, and are full of mystery.

Nature is ever bountiful. The native of these fortunate latitudes toils not neither does he spin. He has but to shake a tree or extend his hand from his couch of flowery ease, and his table and wardrobe are supplied.

The sea is equally generous. A canoe floated from the beach is soon filled with flying fish seeking refuge from pursuing enemies. The larger fish leap in after their prey. The native stuns them with a few well directed blows of his paddle, and his marketing for the day is accomplished.

T IKE everyone born in the Tem- L* perate Zones, we believed these things until we came to the islands.

At the hour of sunset of our first day on Tahiti we repaired to a wooden bench, under the trees of the waterfront, to witness the thunderous descent of night—of which we had read so much. Instead, we saw the banners of the hosts of Saint Michael filling the western sky and reflecting their crimson and royal purple, and colours no man can name, on the cloud masses of the firmament. Gradually these faded to a gentle twilight.

In the faint afterglow we saw the planet mercury. That was all.

Our next disillusionment was the fortunate native.

At Feraoraoraa (the twilight before the dawn), our Tahitian neighbour is off to the mountains for Fe’i (the mountain plantain). The Fe’i plantations are in distant branch valleys, far up on the flanks of the mountains. The sun is high in the heavens when he returns, bearing a load that would break the back of the average white man. A dip in the river, and it is time to prepare the ahimaa (native oven). When prepared and covered, the ahimaa needs no attention; so our neighbour refreshes his weary body by taking a nap.

This is usually the hour the exploring tourist appears on the scene to take notes on the effortless and carefree life of the tropics.

After his repast, our neighbour goes to his coconut plantation, and the back-wearying task of making copra, which need not be described here.

Next, his taro patch demands his attention—a labour of no small difficulty as he stands in the deep mud under the burning rays of the sun.

During the late hours of the afternoon, we see him occupied with the hundred and one small chores of the farmstead. Perhaps he has an hour or two of repose after the sun has gone down. Then, the sound of a conch-shell trumpet summons him to the shore—the hour for fishing is at hand.

THE lore of the fisherman in these waters is as intricate as the art of the astrologer. The nights of the moon, the ebb and flow of the sea, 24 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

1936. 1937.

Imports .. £72,567 £86,534 Exports . .. 67,556 86,333 The main exports compared as follows: 1936. 1937.

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'i 'A the run of certain fish, the lurking place in coral pockets of other species, the types and materials of hooks and lines, the varieties of bait and lures, are elements which must be acquired by study, observation and practice.

They are the fruit of centuries of ancestral experience.

Our neighbour is learned in the wisdom of the sea; but it is midnight before he returns to shore, laden with a supply sufficient for his family and, perhaps, a string or two of fish to send to market or to distribute among his less fortunate companions.

He is happy in his life and what that life bestows upon him. He differs from his white brother in that he goes about his tasks with easy grace, with contentment in his heart and a song upon his lips, instead of filling the forums, newspapers and hoardings of his community with the clamour of his woes.

There is one matter about which the travelogues and brochures do not err: The islands shimmer—from electric lights by night, and from the glass windows of European houses along the coast by day. And mystery there is in abundance; not the least of which is the mystery of how—with low prices of copra and other Islands products— the hundreds of latest type streamline motors which crowd the highways, are financed. But to speculate on anything connected with modern finance is to fish in very deep waters, too profound for our understanding.

Postage Stamps Give Cook

Group A Surplus

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Feb. 15.

THE annual report of the Cook Islands shows a surplus of £9,391, and it would seem that the finances are in a healthy state. That is not so, because, included in the income, is the sum of £ll,OOO, being a grant from the N.Z. Government for education and hospital. Also, sales of new postage stamps are shown as £22,277, an increase of £16,704 from last year. This was due to the enormous sale of Coronation Stamps.

Therefore, without the N.Z. grant and the Coronation Stamp windfall, the finances would have been in a bad position. The report states that, without these sums, it would be impossible to carry on, as by Act of Parliament the Administration is required to supply free medical attendance and hospital accommodation for all Maoris, and also free education.

There has been a substantial increase in trade as the following figures show: — Government control of the handling, exporting and marketing of all oranges came into operation from May 1, 1937.

The year’s operations (as at March 31, 1938) resulted in a surplus of £461, in addition to which there is a reserve fund of £252 and an amount standing to the credit of a growers’ debt redemption fund of £936.

There are now 24 schools in the Cook Group, with 3,014 pupils and 99 teachers.

There was no serious crime. Out of the total of 1,236 cases, there were 798 for consuming intoxicating liquor, 143 for animal trespass, 26 for failing to register a dog, and 26 for cohabiting.

Miss J. Bennett sailed from Sydney in mid-February by the “Nankin” for Rabaul, New Guinea, to visit Mrs. Phillip Woodhill, wife of the Assistant Crown Prosecutor.

Mr. J. W. Dodd arrived in Sydney from New Guinea by the “Macdhui” on February 21 on holidays. He is engaged in prospecting and mining on the Upper Ramu.

Oil Search In New Guinea

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Feb. 25.

CIARPENTER’S airliner Carinthia last ; week brought from Sydney Mr. C.

Saunders, general manager of the AP Co Mr. Saunders was joined by Dr.

Gray, the company’s chief geologist, and by Mr Temple Watts, the general superintendent. They proceeded with him by air to Salamaua, whence they will visit the company’s concessions in New Guinea.

Constable Tryhorn, of Thursday Island, is at present in Australia on three months’ sick leave.

Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Anderson, of Rabaul, T.N.G., received many congratulations on the birth of a daughter on February 19. 25 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

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Norfolk Island And New Zealand A SUGGESTION packed with merit was made in Auckland lately by Mr.

C. W. Jordon, after a visit to Norfolk Island: Norfolk Island should be brought under the administration of New Zealand.

It would be a valuable asset, because of its prolific production of oranges, bananas, pawpaws and kumaras. And the Islanders would get a chance to make a reasonable living. Nothing but abject poverty awaits them now. Lack of a reasonable steamer service to New Zealand prevents them from competing on a less congested produce market than Sydney.

There is no future for N.I. while it is tied to Australia. Australia already has too much tropical territory of its own, and therefore has no place for the products of N.I.

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Motor Cars For N. Guinea

Germany And Versailles

Letter to the Editor IN my opinion, all this unrest in Europe can be traced directly to the unjust Treaty of Versailles. There is one group of nations which seeks to get rid of the bad sections of that Treaty, and another section which will not give up any of the advantages' it gained at Versailles.

In consequence, the situation will remain, as you once said in the "P.l.M.’’, “We hold what we have” versus "We get back all that we lost”. Each side presents its arguments to the world and, remarkably enough, the get-back side seems to be more convincing. A number of strong nations are about to become allies.

Hitler’s Germany is by no means the war-mongering monster she is described by a good deal of the world press. Hitler will never claim Alsace-Lorraine. He offered France a 25 years’ non-aggression pact; he always asked for Britain’s friendship or. at least, her understanding. But Britain should definitely give up the one-sided Treaty of Versailles, and the corresponding policy. All nations suffered by Versailles.

Will you blame Germany (1) For the experiences of her post-war history (Democracy with 38 parties! Jewish Rise.

Disarmament). (2) For her attempt to look round for friends. (By the way, how many allies had Great Britain in 1914?) (3) For British obstinacy in regard to the Colonial question.

I am, etc., P. HESSMANN.

Apia, Samoa, Feb. 2, 1939.

Constable J. Fairburn, of the Western Samoa Police Department, returned to the Territory recently by the “Maui Pomare”, after leave in New Zealand.

Five shining motor cars, including a latest model Ford V8 sedan and 1939 Dodge utilities, were shipped as deck cargo from Sydney to New Guinea by the “Bulolo” on her last outward voyage. One car (top) bore the T.N.G. number plate—being taken back to the Territory by a resident who used it extensively in Australia while on furlough. 26 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

They Criied Him Tiribtim

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HIM ON HORLICKS.

LOOK AT HIM NOW, 5 Is There a "Tired Tim" in Home?

Just stop a minute and think of the energy your boy burns up every day!

While you walk —he runs! He s always on the go—burning up energy —and that energy has to be replaced! If it is not—then he droops into a state of dull, listless tiredness.

Your child needs extra nourishment to give him additional energy. Doctors recommend Horlicks because it supplies just the right amount of extra nourishment. Horlicks builds children up and helps them grow.

Give your child a cupful of Horlicks at bedtime, and another at mid-day. Then you’ll see ful difference in him. wonder- Make yours a Horlicks home from now on—and you’ll give your child real energy . . . you’ll build him up to be a fine sturdy young man.

Ask your chemist or storekeeper to-day for a bottle of Horlicks (14V2 oz. size 3/- in the main towns throughout the British Pacific Islands). 5 orlicJn y mha Mixe guards against

Night-Starvation

Strength of Sugar Cane Fibre SYNTHETIC building materials made of sugar cane fibre have been proved to be stronger than wooden boards used for similar construction, according to tests made at Columbia University, by William J. Krefeld, associate professor of civil engineering at the University. The tests were witnessed by engineers of the Building Department of New York City. The cane fibre, according to Mr. Krefeld, has been accepted by the engineers as a substitute for wood in frame construction. Cane fibre board, it is stated, is 330 per cent, stronger than wooden boards when used horizontally for sheathing. It can be produced more cheaply than wood and is three times more effective as an insulator. — Captain Rose has taken charge of the Government ketch “Melbidir”, at T.I., as successor to Captain Booker.

New Guinea’S Inland

TIMBERS Permit For One Firm Only DESPITE Opposition protests, the Federal Government proposes to go ahead with its plan to grant to one firm (by tender) the exclusive right to cut 50,000,000 super feet, in the Bulolo forests, New Guinea. Mr. Curtin Mr A. E. Green and others, urged that, instead of one permit, the area and the quantity should be divided among several permits.

The Minister has advised that, after consultation with the Inspector-General of Forests, he has been influenced by the following reasons;— The Bulolo forest is a comparatively small area.

The mill proposed is not as large as many in Queensland and smaller than the majority in Western Australia.

The position of the permit area necessitates very heavy expenditure, both as regards the saw-mill and its branch (the ply mill) and a battery of kilns, and also in the provision of communication to the coast. This expenditure can be borne only by a reputable firm attracted by a reasonable quantity of raw product.

Marketing of timber from New Guinea presents problems which are most efficiently solved by firms already in the business who have the necessary wellorganised sales branch.

Supplies of Hoop Pine in Australia will be exhausted in about seven years and it is therefore, important that a strong reputable firm start the industry in New Guinea, which must, as time goes on, be the supplier of Australia’s needs in this quality of pine and cabinet woods.

Forestry will be best served both as regards reforesting the area and enforcing forestry regulations if the area is let to one strong firm rather than to a number of small men.

The proposal is to grow the pine in plantation formation as the mill cuts the timber out, thus more than making good the wastage, for the second growth will yield more timber to the acre than the virgin forest. The rotation is 40 years, so that when the last of the 200,000,000 super feet of pine, now estimated to be in the Bulolo Valley, has been converted, the plantations first made will be ready for cutting. This system, which is in force in all countries where forestry is understood, results in a sustained yield for all time.

No reliable estimate of the Bulolo Valley cedar is available, but it is thought to be no less than 250,000 super feet. 27 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—M arch 15, 1939

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Epidemics In N. Hebrides A PLANTER of Epi, New Hebrides, writing at the beginning of February, said that there had been a severe epidemic of influenza and dengue fever in that part of the group recently, and that many natives had died. There have been a number of reports of this character lately, suggesting that there has been much mortality among the natives of the New Hebrides. Maybe the time is opportune for the British authorities to inquire into the character of the medical services in the group.

The Methodist Mission auxiliary ketch “St. Nicolas” will be transferred from North Australia to Misima Island. Papua, about the middle of the year.

Voice Less And

VOTE-LESS Sad Condition of Papua and New Guinea THE European residents of Papua and New Guinea—especially the non-official class—have little hope of escaping from the shackles of bureaucracy.

They are doomed, it seems, to live permanently in the power of officialdom, without representation in the Government, and without recourse.

Australia proposes to amalgamate the two Territories. As the plan vitally affects the interests of thousands of private people. Sir Hubert Murray suggested that it might be submitted to a referendum of Europeans in the two Territories.

The Australian Minister for Territories (Mr. Harrison) said that that was “unnecessary”. He said that the committee which would be appointed by the Government to advise on the amalgamation, could take evidence from anyone who desired to give it.

The Minister’s attitude gives point to certain emphatic views expressed recently by the “Rabaul Times”. Commenting on the indifference of New Guinea residents regarding a proposed new appointment to the Legislative Council (which is advisory, composed non-officially of the Administrator’s nominees, and dominated, in any event, by the block vote of departmental heads who sit there ex officio) the newspaper says: “Admittedly, little more can be accomplished in a Chamber with a packed official vote, which is always carefully in the majority. Under present circumstances, we can expect little else whilst Canberra controls the minutest detail of administration policy, leaving nothing for the local legislators to decide on their own initiative. It would be an embarrassing position if, during one bright session, the official members failed to vote ‘en bloc’ and the Government suffered a defeat on some important "issue framed to further some Canberraistic scheme, originated for the edification of the Geneva critics—which is the ‘raison d’etre’ of half our legislation”.

Because residents of the Northern Territory of Australia must pay Australian taxation, they are given a vote-less representative in the Federal Parliament.

He may speak, but he may not vote: and it is an interesting commentary on politicians and their ways that the Ministers practically ignore the Northern Territory representative and his representations.

As Papua and New Guinea do not pay Australian taxes, they are not regarded as having any claim to Australian Parliamentary representation. No one could quarrel with that—if the Territories had any kind of local self-government. Nominally, the Territories are governed from Port Moresby and Rabaul by Administrators accessible to the lightly taxed European residents—a system that might have much to commend it. Actually, they are governed from Canberra, by a bureau of capable but hard-boiled and unsympathetic officials.

The voices at Moresby and Rabaul are the voices of Murray and McNicoll; but the hands which hold the reins are the hands of Australian bureaucrats, whose names, even, are not known.

It is an extraordinary condition of affairs. Little wonder that New Guinea residents are quite indifferent about their Legislative Council.

French Copra For France

THE French Government has promulgated a regulation concerning the importation of copra into France.

This regulation provides that where copra is subject to a provisional quota, French buyers must first of all prove that they have imported a certain quantity of copra from French Colonies before they are able to import copra from countries other than French Colonies.

For the present, the proportion of French Colonial products has been fixed at 80 per cent., so that for every 20 tons imported from a foreign country the importer must prove that 80 tons have been imported from French Colonies. 28 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

I\C T 0 RIA ML BITTER mm m ttera^ THE BE i•! • Samoan Legislative Council Views of Hon. O. F. Nelson From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 14..

TWO new European representatives (Hon. O. F. Nelson and Dr. C. M.

Dawson) and two new Samoan representatives, Hon. Asiata Muese and Hon. Faalava’au. were welcomed at the Legislative Council meeting by the Acting Administrator (Mr. A. C. Turnbull).

Mr. Turnbull said that the heavy damage done to roads and bridges by the recent heavy storms and floods had to be provided for. Fortunately, the revenue of the territory is expected to be sufficient to meet the expenditure until the end of the financial year. Considerable damage has been done in outside districts, particularly in Savaii. He commended the Public Works Department and the director (Mr. Schaaffhausen) for good work in speedily restoring road and water services, and the Health Department for measures to prevent disease from flood refuse and stagnant water.

The principal business before the Council was “Building Construction Ordinance 1939”. which is to establish within the municipality a concrete area, where new buildings have to be built in concrete or brick. This is a sequence of the disastrous fire a year ago, when Messrs.

Bums, Philp’s large wooden copra shed, containing 1,000 tons of copra, was destroyed. This shed has been replaced by a shed of concrete and iron.

The Administrator said that the larger business concerns are already building in concrete. It was claimed that the new ordinance would impose undue hardship on persons possessing small capital, by forcing them to replace old buildings with concrete structures. Mr.

Turnbull assured the Council that there was no desire on the part of the Administration to cause any hardship to any individual whatever. The Administrator under Clause 8 of the Bill has discretionary powers to grant relief from the provisions of the Ordinance in cases of hardship. On the other hand there would be a very considerable saving in insurance rates and also in maintenance cost for concrete and brick buildings.

The storage of copra in wooden premises within the business area constituted a great danger and it is proposed to legislate to meet the situation.

Hon. O. F. Nelson, in a long address, gave an outline of the long-standing dispute regarding his candidature as representative of the Samoans on the Council, and stated that his political views had been distorted by press propaganda. He said that it was the late General Richardson who had invented the slogan “Samoa for the Samoans” and that he had adopted this slogan, including in the term “Samoans” all permanent residents of Samoa, who have made their homes here, or who have interests here for themselves or others.

Mr. Nelson admitted that a fire-proof concrete area in Apia would be of commercial advantage, and he would support the Bill—if it were brought in when people were in the financial position to meet the additional cost. He read letters of protest from the Apia Chamber of Commerce and the United Progressive Party, which said that the new law would impose hardships on the small business people of Apia, especially at the present time, but that some regulations regarding storage of copra in Apia sheds would be welcomed and supported. Insurance on the present wooden buildings would in no case be nearly sufficient to rebuild in concrete. The ultimate resuit of the Ordinance would be to drive the small business man out of business.

Mr. Nelson strongly opposed any discretionary powers being granted by the present or any other Ordinance to the Administrator. He said such a delegation of power and authority is “bad law’’ and that through it he personally had been subjected to hardships, humiliation, degradation and irreparable losses. c-amnan members pxnresspri aP ree The Samoan mempers expiessed agreement with Mr. Nelson.

The second reading of the Bill was postponed.

Mr. and Mrs. J. Bower arrived in New Zealand on leave by the February “Maui Pomare” from Apia, Western Samoa. He recently has been Acting-Inspector of Produce in Samoa, during the absence in N.Z. of Mr. H. S. Newton on furlough, Rev. and Mrs. G. T. Warren, of 8.5.1., have resigned from the Melanesian Mission and have returned to England. Mr.

Warren has been head of the boy’s school at Maravovo since 1921, and Mrs.

Warren has been actively engaged in mission work for the past 19 years, Mr. P. Coote, manager of Burns, Philp and Co., Ltd., at Rabaul, New Guinea, arrived in Sydney by the February “Macdhui” to spend three months’ fur- ]oUgh. “Rabaul is just the same as ever’’, he said on arrival, “and trading conditions are quite good, despite the depressed copra market.” 29 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

“CINNAMCLIA”

PREPARATIONS.

DYSENTERY! —One of the worst scourges of the tropics—makes its annual appearance fairly regularly every fly season and exacts a heavy toll of human life, besides causing a lot of misery and suffering, as well as the economic loss of time and labour, through infected persons being laid up for days, weeks and sometimes months, before being able to return to their normal occupation.

Every household and institution in the tropics should always keep on hand a stock of “Cinnamolia”, which is undoubtedly the best remedy so far discovered, for the treatment and cure of this dreaded disease.

A dose administered immediately the first symptoms are observed will often check it in a day or two. If not, the treatment should be continued daily until all symptoms have disappeared and the patient’s condition is normal again, This is not a “quack” medicine— but a scientifically prepared remedy, which destroys the germs that cause the disease, aids nature to remove the debris, and soothes the irritated and damaged surfaces of the intestinal tract.

It was used with great success for 5 years or more in tropical hospitals, before being prepared and offered for sale to the general public. It can now be obtained at 3/- per bottle at

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Also Cinnamolia Inhalant for coughs, colds, flu, catarrh, etc., at 2/- per bottle with dropper.

Cinnamolia Ointment for cuts, scratches, abrasions, ulcers, piles, etc., at 1/6 per jar.

For Wholesale Rates to Chemists, Hospitals and other Institutions, apply to “Cinnamolia’* Preparations, 17 Murray St., Waterloo, N.S.W.

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Fijian Soccer Football Team

Native Fanatics

A New Sect in N. Hebrides WRITING in the “Southern Cross Log”, the magazine of the Melanesian Mission, Dr. Fox describes an extraordinary sect that has appeared among Christianised natives in the N. Hebrides.

“A kind of sect has arisen among the bush people of Raga, though there is as yet no actual separation from the Church. ■"‘lt began with a teacher named Daniel (now dead), who heard heavenly ‘voices’, which gave him instructions.

This was a year or two ago, but the Moemera at Qatnapni had been greatly influenced by the Danielites (of whom there are six villages) and had come to accept their teaching. Their leader now is one Edwin Buletik, an old Norfolk Island boy.

“Their teaching seems strange enough to us: three Trinities, one in the Godhead. one in Man, and one in the Devil. . . They call the Church of Rome the ‘Coconut’, the Baptists ‘The Owl’ and the Church of England ‘The Brand’’, while the Danielites are ‘The Torch’.

“Daniel’s old wife is soon to have a child, who will be holy and baptised with fire. Daniel has been appointed keeper of the gate of the heavenly Jerusalem and will let in only Danielites. It is wrong to eat or keep a pig, buy wives, to drink kava, to smoke, and to use a walking 1 stick. These sins cannot be forgiven, and anyone who practises any of them cannot go to prayers or Communion, or be buried with a prayer.

“Weeping for those who die is forbidden, cheerful songs should be sung. Unmarried men and women may go freely together into the bush, for they cannot sin. A married woman must not live in the same house as her husband. Dancing is forbidden. Clergy and teachers must not be paid.

“The heavenly voices continue, but now in a woman. Some while since the heavenly* voice told the Danielites to kill all their fowls and make a great feast on a certain Friday, for our Lord would return on that day. They were to await him in the churches, which they did in silence for thirty-six hours.

“Probably one could find parellels in Africa to the teaching of the Danielites.

They are intensely in earnest and willing to give up everything to do what they believe is the will of God”.

A CORRECTION Letter to the Editor WE refer to your article on page 4 of the October, 1938, issue, under the heading of “New Pacific Shipping Service”, in which you state that the vessels of Thor Dahl will take the place of our vessels in the South Sea trade on account of our vessels being sold.

It is quite true that our vessels have been sold, but we are continuing in the South Sea trade with chartered vessels and have alreadv had several chartered vessels in this run. and will continue to trade from the Pacific Coast to the South Seas and return.

We are, etc., FLOOD BROTHERS, INC.

San Francisco, January 26, 1939.

The Service Football Club team which won the 1938 Soccer Cup at Nabouwalu, Bua, Fiji, in a “knockout” competition between nine teams.

The group photograph shows:— Back Row (left to right): S. Leka, A. Matanibukaca, J. M. Tawake, M. M. Cagilaba. Second Row: E.

T. Tora, R. Lolo, S. Rasivo, Kameli, P. T. Bavia, A. T. Naduva. Third Row: M. Sedre, Mr. A. G. Reay (managed, S. K, Ravasakula (vicecapt.), L. R. Tabucala (capt.), P.

N. Vuetaki. Front: J. Sawai, Bitu, J. Ravoka. 30 March 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

That’S Iti

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The Call Of The

ISLANDS Crowding Memories of Papua From a letter by Henry Dexter, late of Milne Bay, Papua, who writes feelingly of his comfortable, snow-covered house in England—but wants to know “what is happening in Papua!”

GERMAN HARRY,” a well-known identity about the coast of Papua, twenty-five years ago, knew what he was talking about when he told Jack McLaren: — “Once you hear that call you have to answer it. I tried to turn deaf ears to it and failed. Four times I cast the sands of the Islands off my feet, finally and for ever, as I thought; and four times I had to return. At Moresby they said that I was making a habit of it.

“While you are in the Islands, theatres, pretty women, good cooking, horse-racing, and all the rest of it looked jolly fine; but, somehow, when you got among those things it wasn’t the same.

“A man soon gets fed up with city life. For one thing, there’s so much hustle. You see a chap twirl round a corner on one leg merely to buy a packet of cigarettes. And there is always such a thumping noise going on, and fellows trying to take you down for all you’ve got, and the people seem unreal, artificial-like. And very soon the pretty women don’t seem so pretty, and you get tired of young skirts, and old faces.

“That sort of thing is no good to a fellow accustomed to knocking about with easy-going cannibals, and after a while you’ll be nosing around the shipping office, seeing about a passage back, and calling yourself a goat for ever having left. It is the Call getting to work.

“You take my tip, and get out of this country as soon as you can. Its damned unsettlin’, I can tell you.”

Yes, “German Harry” was right— the Islands get hold of a man. And if, from force of circumstances, one is away from them, how eagerly one looks for news from the place which one probably cursed while in it, but can never forget.

Take that little group who assemble every Thursday morning at a cafe in Sydney. All ex-Papuans, they are men who were planting, trading, or storekeeping. An ex-Commissioner for Native Affairs, an ex-Government Storekeeper, or Commissioner for Public Works. They meet to talk of old times, and with the hope that someone on furlough will turn up to give them news of the old spot. Listen to some of the tales of the old days.

THE “Laurabada” is lying alongside the wharf at Samarai. Sir Hubert Murray was on board, also the Commissioner for Public Works. The island is to have its electric light installed. There has been a lot of argument about installing a light on the wharf. The idea was strongly supported by the local R.M., but just as strongly vetoed by the C. for P.W.

Darkness comes on, the C. for P.W. has a dinner appointment ashore. He appears on deck in all the splendour of a white tropical suit, a lighted cigar in his hand, and an umbrella. He steps on what he thought to be the wharf, but is really only a shadow. In a moment he is swimming strongly.

The boys haul him aboard, still grasping the cigar.

One can just hear H.E. saying, in his dry way: ‘Well, I suppose the R.M. will now get his light on the wharf”.

That these men are sportsmen is proved by the fact that it is the ex- C. for P.W. himself who tells the tale.

Now they are talking of an oldtimer known as Jimmy. Jimmy had a plantation in Milne Bay. He owned a small motor boat. Occasionally he ran over to Samarai for a bender.

Although one of the quietest of men when sober, he was one of the most objectionable after he had had one over the eight. He’d accost a stranger, and roll off the most vile language.

When it ended in a row, as it sometimes did, he was one of the poorest exponents of the noble art.

A COPRA ship was loading at the wharf. One of the crew, a decent little fellow, had come ashore to have a pot of beer. Jimmy was there, well primed. He looked at the sailor and opened fire.

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M rraj m. u then he knocked Jimmy down. Jimmy refused to get up. “You can’t hit a man when he is down”, he said.

“No,” replied the little man, “but I can get down, too”. Suiting the action to the word, he lay down alongside the bigger man, and knocked seven bells out of him.

Now, Jimmy always stored this up as a grievance. Seven months passed’ and the same ship was loading at the wharf. Fletcher was in charge of the hotel. Jimmy appeared, and ordered a long-sieever of beer. Having dealt with this, he stood waving his arms in the air.

“Why the physical jerks, Jimmy?” asked Fletcher. ‘Tin going looking for him,” was the reply.

An hour later, Fletcher went along the street, by the B.P. store. There m a doorway, was Jimmy. He was sopping a bloody nose, and his eye was rapidly closing. “I see you found him Jimmy”, was Fletcher’s only remark. J

"German Harry"

Letter to the Editor T SEE that inquiries have been made ± for a certain “German Harry”; and, in the January issue, it is stated that a Captain Harry Christensen, a Dane, was known to be at Papeete in 1918.

The “German Harry” known about Cooktown and Papua, since long before 1900, was well-known to me from 1898, and I think that he may possibly be the man inquired for. The “Harry” and “German” were only nicknames, as his real name was Soren Christensen, and he was a Dane. We were partners for a time in the beche-demer industry, so I naturally got to know him very well indeed, and he made no secret of his past life, which had been full of adventure and romance.

I am pretty sure that this “G.H,” was never in Tahiti. He died in Sydney about 1916 or 1917.

I am, etc., C. O. ANDERSON, s.s. “Papuan Chief.”

Port Moresby, 11/2/1939.

Maori Social Clubs On

RAROTONGA Prom Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA. Feb. 15.

THANKS to the generosity of Mr.

Chambers, a retired merchant from India, a much-needed want is being met and two native social clubs have been formed, one at Arorangi and the other at Ngatangiia—each with a membership of over a hundred.

Converting dwellings at considerable expense, Mr. Chambers has fitted each club-house with dance-floors, ping-pong tables, games tables, seats, lights, etc.

Each member pays an entrance fee of 1/-, then 6d. per month. A committee of members conduct the club, run two dances a week, and have inter-club pingnong matches. It will not be long before every village on Rarotonga has its own club. 34 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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The Missing Lode

Fruitless Search for Rich Copper Vein on Rurutu From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Feb. 12.

THE mirage of Golconda has flickered over many an island of the South Seas and has drawn men from afar to seek not only Inca gold and the buried hoards of long dead buccaneers, but fabulous riches of mineral treasure reputed to lie in the heart of mountains, awaiting the prospector and the miner.

During the past quarter of a century, the descendants of traders, sea-faring men and planters (who, during the preceding 70 years, had visited and traversed the phosphate island, MakaLea. without suspecting the riches lying just beneath the jungle roots), have been seeking consolation by ransacking the mountainous interior of Tahiti for a possible vein of some precious metal. Now and again rumour has carried the story of gold or platinum in some remote valley; but never has anything tangible come out of these reputed discoveries and it has long ago been accepted that the mountains of Tahiti conceal no treasure of metals or mineral wealth.

IT was with no little surprise, therefore, that the watchers on the wharf one day beheld two U.S. mining engineers descend from a mail steamer, bearing the paraphernalia of their profession. They did not disclose their errand. It was not long, however, before the cloud of mystery which shrouded their comings and goings became luminous with forked lightning and clamourous with angry cries. Presently from its murky depths emerged two of the most indignant citizens who had ever breathed the air of these latitudes.

They stormed into the United States Consulate with a story of ore samples equal in richness to the highest grade copper ore from mines in the Peruvian Andes, represented to them as having been taken from a large ore vein in the mountains of Tahiti. They had voyaged all this distance to verify and explore this ore body, and now the man who had sent the specimens was refusing to reveal the secret of its location. Where was that ore vein? Did the Consul know? They wanted satisfaction, damages. vengeance—and so on for hours, until the Consulate quaked with the violence of their fury.

The harassed and bewildered Consul could offer no aid or consolation. Nor could the mountains and the sea to which the engineers addressed daily orations of masterly composition. Finally. the steamer arrived and they departed. The owner of the house where they lodged complained bitterly that his walls were so blistered and scorched it was necessary to have them scraped and repainted. Inhabitants of the north coast of Tahiti reported that after the steamer had passed, a thick, purple mist had hovered over the ocean long after the vessel had vanished beyond the horizon.

WHEN cosmic balance was restored, some local magnates instituted an investigation. The ore specimens which, in their wrath, the mining engineers had hurled on the floor of the Consulate, were examined and found to be. indubitablv. copper ore of very superior quality. The man who had sent the samples to California reluctantly confessed he did not know the place whence they came.

A native had brought them in, he explained. This native had told him of great quantities of the same kind of rock lying about; but was crafty and would not disclose the precise location Believing that he could persuade or bribe the native, at some future date to impart SS to°Mends’ irf SSSSSL**" five had disappeared. One could well imagine his consternation when these ensineers shook the ore samples in his face and demanded to be led to the place whence they had been taken; after what he had been through he felt, and presumed he looked, like the sole survivor of a volcanic disaster. If the magnates wished for the ore specimens they could have them: on the one condition that copper and copper mines should never again be mentioned in his presence. The magnates agreed.

In due time they found the native and by virtue of largess added to rich promises, garnered the intelligence that the ore specimens had come from the island of Rurutu. An expedition verified that there was a lot of the same kind of rock lying about.

NOT long afterward, watchers on the Papeete wharf beheld, descending from a ship, a mining engineer. He was welcomed joyously by the magnates, refreshed after his long voyage, and despatched with his paraphernalia aboard a schooner to Rurutu. For months he delved and pick-axed and drilled and tunneled. He found pockets of manganese of high quality, hectares of paint rock, and slight traces of many metals; 35 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

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Garden Vale Ready-toserve Vegetables but .no vein of copper. He returned to Papeete and departed.

After a season, another and more eminent mining engineer arrived. He was received, refreshed and packed off by schooner to Rurutu. He delved and pickaxed and drilled and tunneled. He found pockets of manganese, hectares of paint rock, traces of many metals; but no vein of copper. The magnates were bewildered, but resolved to try once more.

The third expert, with his other paraphernalia, took to Rurutu a sound knowledge of Polynesian languages—acquired after a residence of many years in the islands. He found manganese, paint rock and traces of many metals. In addition he unearthed a venerable ancient of Rurutu who remembered things the careless younger generations had long forgotten.

This patriarch told many a tale of the olden time to his sympathetic listener.

One was of a white man’s ship which came from a land far beyond the rising of the sun and was driven by a storm on the reefs of Rurutu. She had been laden—much to the wonderment of the natives—with ofai (rock). They were curious ofai; different from anything found on Rurutu. The wind and seas had broken up the ship and tossed these strange ofai on the shallows and beaches.

When the engineer heard this story he awoke to the fact that to arrive at the mother lode of all this scattered ore, he would have to drive a tunnel four thousand miles to the eastward! He packed his belongings and came with all haste to Papeete.

RECENTLY, the discovery of gold in Fiji raised hopes and started exploring activity in all the mountainous islands of the Pacific —except Tahiti. On that island the winds of promise did nothing more than stir ashes of dead hopes in which no spark of adventure remained that could be fanned into even a faint semblance of a glow.

Kapok-Growing In

PAPUA Planters Want Channel To The Market IF the Commonwealth Government is sincere in its policy of encouraging new settlement and new production m the Territories of Papua and New Guinea, it should examine the position in relation to the cultivation of kapok in Papua.

A number of planters in Papua have been encouraged to produce kapok, and the Commonwealth Government pays them a bounty of 2d. per lb. But more than that will have to be done if this industry is to be established. ~T hei ’ e definitely is a world demand for this product, at a profitable price; but the trouble is the absence of an organised market. There appears to be only one firm in Australia which regularly buys kapok, and this firm usually offers 4id. per lb., with the indication that you can take it or leave it”. The unfortunate planter, having no other channel open, has to take it.

The experience of one planter in Papua is typical. He started with 18 acres, from which he did well so long as the local market in Papua could absorb his product. He was so pleased that he laid down another 100 acres and started to export kapok. He sent one consignment to Sydney, and discovered that kapok is handled there by only one firm, who offered him the usual 4£d. per lb. He knew that the true market rate was in the vicinity of 7d. per lb., so he decided to fight. He searched around, and finally he was able to sell his kapok to a firm of furniture manufacturers in Brisbane for 9d. per lb. But he could not get any further orders on a firm basis, so he has turned most of his kapok plantation over to other things.

Under present conditions, there are only two alternatives for the Papuan planter—to sell to the “take it or leave it” firm in Sydney at 4id. per lb., or to incur expense and uncertainty in trving to find a regular channel to the world market.

If the Commonwealth Government intends seriously to assist and encourage primary industries in Papua and New Guinea, it should form some sort of organisation which will enable the planters to find a direct track from their plantations to world markets, where they can get the best available prices for their product. No planter worthy of the name will allow himself to be consistently victimised by the “take it or leave it” type of merchant.

Mr. D. Jones, of the Samoa Public Works Department, has returned to New Zealand after completing his term of service at Apia.

Sister Butler, who is in charge of the hospital at Avarua, Rarotonga, is now spending her leave in New Zealand, the land of her birth. During her residence of several years in the Cook Islands, she has co-operated actively with Dr. E.

P. Ellison in child welfare work. 36 March 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Pretty Wedding In Samoa

Who Is Being Exploited?

Native or European FREE casual labour is one of the trials of the householder in Rabaul, New Guinea. It appears that there are a considerable number of natives in Rabaul who are not subject to the indenture system, and who hire themselves out as they please to householders on a weekly basis. Frequently, after they have been employed for a few weeks, and have received the usual rations in advance, they suddenly disappear, and the householder is left with his domestic arrangements in confusion, in a country where house-servants are a necessity.

Critics in the “Rabaul Times” insist that this is the outcome of the official system of molly-coddling natives. They say that the latter have no proper comprehension of the nature of a contract; and, when they walk out and leave the master, the latter has no legal remedy.

Officials say hopefully that as the native becomes more accustomed to European ways, and acquires a little education, he will behave in a more satisfactory fashion, but the critics, who have to put up with all the inconvenience, simply jeer. There is much evidence that the officials in New Guinea, in their sincere attempt to properlv protect the primitive natives against European exploitation, have gone to the other extreme and are permitting the more or less sophisticated native to exploit the European.

Mr. G. G. Manning has taken up duties as senior teller of the Bank of N.S.W. at Suva, Fiji, relieving Mr, H. A.

Major, who returned to Sydney by the “Mariposa” at the end of February.

A pretty wedding ceremony took place at Apia Catholic Cathedral, Western Samoa, when Mr. Peter Edward Bradley, of New Zealand, who is an officer on the Government steamer “Maui Pomare”, married Miss Edna Barbara Possin on February 1. The bride had been for some years a popular member of the Administration staff.

The young couple left by the February “Maui Pomare” for Wellington, where they will make their future home.

Photo shows (left to right):—Mr. and Mrs. Bradley, Miss Marion Burnett (bridesmaid), Mr. D.

Harper (best man), and little Maureen Murphy (flower-girl).

McFarland Photo. 37 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

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Hoisting the Flag at Papua in 1884 An Early Report of Papuan Gold An old resident of Tonga, Mr. F. T. Goedicke, who was present at the flag-raising ceremony at Port Moresby. Papua, in November, 1884, writes in a Letter to the Editor:— AS far back as 1770, Captain James Cook visited the south-east coast of New Guinea, and in 1775 an English officer, Forrest by name, spent some months on the north-east coast in search of spices. In 1793 New Guinea was annexed by two of the East India Company commanders, and Manasvari, an island in Geelvink Bay, was for a time held by their troops.

In 1845 Captain Blackwood discovered the Fly River and Yule Island was named by Captain Yule in 1846. The most important survey work along the coast of New Guinea, however, was done in 1873 by H.M.S. “Basilisk”, under the command of Captain Moresby, who discovered the now famous harbour of Pt.

Moresby.

In 1883, the Queensland Government hoisted the British flag there and formally annexed their huge neighbour, but this act was subsequently repudiated by the Home Government.

Towards the end of 1884, it was decided to announce a formal protectorate over a large portion of the southern shores of New Guinea —over what is now known as Papua. The official ceremony took place on November 3, 1884. at Port Moresby. Five British men-of-war were present—“Espingle”, “Raven”, “Swinger” and “Harrier”, besides Commodore Erskme’s flagship, “Nelson”. James Elphinstone Erskine, Commander of the Australian Fleet, read the proclamation, surrounded by his staff. The hoisting of the flag was performed by Flag-Lieut,enant Gaunt, an Australian. Behind the Commander stood the Deputy Commissioner (Mr. Romilly), the L.M.S. missionaries, Rev. Dr. Lawes and his wife, Rev. James Chalmers. Mr. Andrew Goldie, Mr. Arbuthnot Hely, and myself, and in the background crowded the natives.

To Boe Vagi, the chief of the Port Moresby tribe, was entrusted the responsibility of upholding the authority and dignity of Great Britain in the island.

He was presented with an ebony stick, into the top of which had been let a florin, with the Queen’s head uppermost.

Dr. Lawes conveyed to Boe Vagi the meaning of the Commodore’s words when he gave him the stick. However, the writer doubted very much Boe Vagi’s ability to uphold the authority and dignity of Great Britain because he came the day following the ceremony with the stick—minus the coin— and offered it in exchange for twist tobacco.

Four years later, on September 4. 1888, Sir William MacGregor, M.D., C.M.G., arrived at Port Moresby in H.M.S.

“Opal” to proclaim the Protected Territory of New Guinea to be part of the Queen’s Dominions, and the Royal Standard was again hoisted, to be saluted by the guns of H.M.S. “Opal”.

I left Papua for Newcastle on November 27. 1884, by H.M.S. “Swinger”, and arrived on December 1. Two days later, when I was staying at the Great Coffee Palace, in Sydney, I heard the newspaper boys calling out: “‘Sunday Times’, Extra Edition—all about gold in New Guinea!”

Buying a paper I read: “Gold in New Guinea. —Brisbane, Wednesday. A correspondent on Thursday Island telegraphed to the ‘Courier’ as follows: ‘Observe telegram reporting the arrival at Newcastle from Port Moresby by H.M.S. ‘Swinger’, of Dr. (?) F. Goedicke, with a splendid sample of gold obtained about 20 miles inland from Port Moresby. Dr. Goedicke arrived here from Port Darwin, and went over to Pt. Moresby in B P. Ltd.’s schooner ‘Elsa’ with Mr. Hely, the Queensland Government Agent’ ”.

TELERADIO IN GILBERT IS.

RADIO telephony has been introduced into the Gilbert Islands by the London Missionary Society and the Roman Catholic Sacred Heart Mission.

For the former, Amalgamated Wireless has set up a teleradio at Beru, and for the latter a similar equipment at Tarawa.

These stations enable the missionaries to speak with the radio station at Ocean Island, thus establishing contact by wireless with the rest of the world.

The teleradio at Beru also works with the L.M.S. vessel “John Williams”, which visits the Society’s various mission fields. 38 March 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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THE VITI CO. interesting Experiment in Fijian Native Trading (By Gilchrist Alexander, in “From the Middle Temple to the South Seas”, dealing with a period of about 20 years ago.) I WAS much interested in a movement among the Fijians, which appeared to be an effort on the part of some of them to emancipate themselves from the control of the white man in the disposal of native produce.

For centuries, the Fijians have been dominated by their chiefs. At one time, the control of the chiefs was absolute, and their privileges in respect to lala and other matters were immense. It was all the more noteworthy that the movement of which I speak appeared to be directed by a commoner—one Apolosi Nawai, who, however, was credited by the more superstitious with possessing almost divine powers.

Apolosi was the managing director of the Viti Company, Ltd.—“Viti” being the native form of “Fiji”. The company was in the nature of a cooperative societv. whose main object was the sale of native produce, principally bananas, for the benefit of the many native shareholders. Unlike the similar society in Tonga, the Kautaha, which was obviously engineered by white men for personal purposes, the Viti Company, Ltd., seemed to be a genuine effort on the part of the natives to conduct their own business.

Apolosi published the following notice in the European newspapers:— “To all the population of the Colony of Fiji: “This is mv confession letter to you all, my brethren.

“Before I commence my business I will let you know first the foundation of my work. I.—l shall love all my brethren. 2.—1 shall honour all the chiefs. 3.—1 will honour the King ; through all his subjects. 4. —I will fear the Lord our God.

“These are the foundations of my work at present.

Apolosi R. Nawai.”

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To all you gentlemen who buy bananas”, and signed, “Apolosi R.

Nawai, Managing Director”.

The new company was in difficulties from the beginning. It incurred the hostility of the white planters and merchants, who strongly resented the appearance of a united body of native rivals in business. The Wesleyan Methodist Mission suffered a huge financial loss, when large numbers of natives transferred the contributions which they would ordinarily have given to the mission to the new company.

To the Government, Apolosi was anathema. He had come into conflict with the police at the Yasawas, and had suffered a term of imprisonment, He was regarded as a dangerous man, and his extraordinary power over the people was feared.

That Apolosi’s power was real was evident when a meeting of the company was held in the Town Hall of Suva. For days before the meeting, natives flocked to Suva from all over the Colony. Sleeping-room was at a premium, and certain wanderers during prohibited hours were accommodated perforce in the lock-up.

Seven hundred natives congregated in the Town Hall on the day of the meeting. Apolosi, attired in a wellfitting tussore silk suit, made by a Sydney tailor, drove up in a smart motor car, and was received with almost regal state. His address to the 39 Pacific Islands Mont hi y—M arch 15, 1939

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natives differed as much from the speech of a City of London chairman of directors as the South Seas differ from London, but it had the secret of success. He played upon the mentality of his audience with the skill of a Lloyd George. With business details he had little concern. Loyalty to the company and support for himself were the keynotes of his theme, and he adroitly wove into his speech an appeal to his followers to respect the Government.

This experiment in native co-operation was almost foredoomed to failure.

Without experience of business habits and methods, and with a thriftlessness and extravagance seemingly inherent in those trained in communist ideas, the native directors of the company soon involved themselves in a hopeless tangle. Under the law which enacted that where a contract was entered into between a native and a non-native party for more than £2O, the non-native party must submit a memorandum to the Magistrate of the district, the affairs of the company came under my notice. I had a good deal of sympathy with the objects of the company, but it soon became apparent that it was not properly constituted, and the technical obstacles to natives trading on a large scale were almost insuperable.

Added to all this, Apolosi and some of his followers lacked moral stamina.

They could not be trusted with large sums of money, and were constantly involved in drunken brawls in the town. I have recollections of a case in \yhich a European butcher, incensed at Apolosi’s insolent intrusion into his shop, had used by way of a boxing-glove a large and juicy piece of raw meat.

The ultimate end of the Viti Company, and of its managing director, did not come under my personal observation. After I had left the Colony, Apolosi got into serious trouble with the authorities and was eventually deported to Rotumah, an island dependency of Fiji somewhat distant from the main group. And so ended what I have alwavs thought might, under sympathetic and skilled guidance, have been a useful lesson and training to native Fijians in the conduct of industrial affairs.

Professor Peter H. Buck and Professor Radcliffe Brown have been honoured by the Anthropological Society of New South Wales by being elected honorary members. Dr. Buck is back at Yale University, U.S.A., for a year, though he is expected in New Zealand for the centenary celebrations towards the close of 1939.

Dr. Radcliffe Brown occupies the Chair of Anthropology at Oxford, England. Both have had long experience in Pacific research.

Dr. H. lan Hogbin, president of the Pacific Islands Club in Sydney, will not seek re-election at the annual meeting in April. Under Club rules the president can only hold office for two years in succession. Members, generally, will receive this intimation with regret, for he has proved a most capable president. He will, however, continue his association with the Club he assisted in founding. 40 March 15, 1939-Pacific Islands Monthly

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Some Facts For "Nazis" In Samoa Letter to the Editor IT may be considered a strange anomaly that some of our localborn residents, of mixed German- Samoan descent, seem to be still under the illusion that they will be accepted as full-fledged Germans under the Nazi regime, and they are in favour, therefore, of the return of Germany to Samoa.

The writer has had access recently to some official documents, issued by the Nazi authorities in Germany, in which it was expressly stated that anybody having a Samoan mother or grandmother is treated as a “Non- Aryan”, under the Nazi racial policy.

From this fact, our Euronesian-Nazi enthusiasts, who “Heil Hitler” so excessively—especially after having enjoyed the good cheer of a party—may form some idea of their fate, if Samoa is ever to see the Swastika flag hoisted.

It is fortunate for them that this possibility is remote. They may console themselves by remembering the European status and full liberty they enjoy under the protection of the Union Jack.

I am, etc., HAPPY JACK.

Apia, February 10, 1939.

Ratu Sowami Puamau, late First Native Medical Practitioner (retired) in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony service, died recently in the Lau Group, Fiji. He was latterly Roko Tui Lau.

The Baby Welfare Clinic at the Vaiola Hospital, Nukualofa, Tonga. Sister Moulsdale in centre of group. Note the twin infants held by the nurse in the front row. (Photo by Hettig.) 41 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M arch 15, 19 3 9

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Bananas Up—Copra Down

Planters" Life in Samoa From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 15.

AFTER the very adverse weather conditions of January. Western Samoa is enjoying a period of quiet sunshine and warmth.

Owing to the complete loss of the coming cocoa crop, cocoa planters are in bad straits. Four recently gave up their holdings.

During the week of rain and floods in January, one plantation in the hills near Apia measured no less than 80.88 inches.

This was Tapatapao plantation (N.Z.R.E.).

The hurricane destroyed so many banana crops in Fiji, Tonga and Rarotonga that the New Zealand Government quotas for banana shipments from Western Samoa have been raised. The last “Maui Pomare” took 7,700 cases; the ‘‘Matua”, leaving to-day. lifts 8,000 cases; while the following “Matua” will probably lift 10,000 cases for New Zealand.

Dutch New Guinea

Notable Progress Reported From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Feb. 20.

IN view of the present activity in Netherlands, New Guinea, it does not appear likely that that Territory’s absorption by Australia, as advocated by Mr. T. L. Sefton (“P.1.M.”, January, 1939), will take place.

Returns for 1937, which are the latest available, show that the Dutch Colony is growing fast in economic importance.

Imports for the year amounted in value to £A288,000, an increase of £94,000 over the previous year, while exports increased by £72,000 to £186,000. The excess of imports over exports (£102,000) is accounted for by the great activity in exploration and prospecting, and by the fact that many plantations inaugurated in recent years have not yet reached the producing stage.

Copra export is still small, at 4,327 tons. Timber is produced on an increasingly large scale, and is almost wholly absorbed locally by the Government and the Netherlands New Guinea Petroleum Co. Production is steadily increasing, and the question of export of timber to Papua and Mandated New Guinea is under consideration.

Exports of copal and damar gum amounted to 2,574 tons, an increase of nearly 1,000 tons on the previous year.

Nutmeg and mace increased from 502 tons to 652; and cotton from 68 tons to 297.

Exploration by the gold and oil interests is still proceeding vigorously, and the American-Netherlands Archbold Expedition has furnished a great deal of information of which full advantage is being taken; while the newly-formed Netherlands Company of New Guinea, with its large capital and its strong Government backing, is paying full attention to agricultural development.

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Appointment to Aitutaki From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA. Feb. 5.

THE appointment of Mr. Alan Victor Penberthy Ford, barrister and solicitor, of Rotorua. New Zealand, as Resident of Aitutaki. Cook Group, has been made by the Public Service Commissioners.

Mr. Ford has had a wide experience of Native Land Court advocacy and practice. He joined the Native Department in 1913 and, later, entered the legal office of Messrs. Earl & Kent, barristers and solicitors, of Auckland, specialising in Native Land Court practice. Later he practised in Rotorua for 20 years as a native land conveyancing specialist.

It is understood that there were aver 50 applicants for this position, Including a number of local residents. 42 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Purple Days In Old Samoa

How Sailor-Men Found Entertainment In Apia Fifty Years Ago GEORGE E. L. WESTBROOK (a descendant of an East Anglian family, which claimed descent directly from Henry VIE, through the Earl;: of Bridgewater) died in Samoa on January 31, aged 18. Sailor, trader, merchant, writer and politician, he was one of the few men left who remember the Central Pacific Islands as they were before the European nations fastened codes of laws upon them. In this article, which he sent to the “P.1.M.” about five years ago, Mr.

Westbrook draws a vivid picture of Old Apia, as he saw it when he settled down there in the ’eighties.

WHEN I first visited Samoa, there were many people still living who could tell very interesting and amusing stories of their early days there, when the township of Apia was called the “Sailor’s Paradise”.

Many of the notable characters floating around in those days were always called by their nicknames.

“Cranky Jack” was an Englishman of good family. “Gentleman Jack” was also an Ehglishman, and the grandson of a bishop. Then there were “Monkey Jack”, “Three-fingered Jack”, “Whistling Jack Smith”, “Scandalous Jack Smith”, “Lying Jack Smith”, and “Ugly Jack Smith”. Petersen” was a Dane.

“Charley Squarehead” and “Charley the Russian” both claimed Heligoland as the land of their birth. This brought them under the control of the British Consul, giving them both the dignity of being classed as British subjects, although one was really a Russian and the other a German. It was the custom in those days, before Heligoland was exchanged with Germany for some concession in Africa, for many foreigners shipping in English ships to say that they came from the small one-mile-square rock in the North Sea, at the mouth of the Elbe.

“Charley the Rooster” was another queer kind of individual, and was nicknamed the Rooster from a habit he had, when walking down the street, of putting his head forward, and beating his elbows against his sides.

There were also the two Mikes, Spanish Mike and Irish Mike. “Flash Harry” had a habit of showing sailors around, and pointing out to them certain properties on the beach of which he said he was the owner.

There were a number of other people, all of whom were never called by anything other than their nicknames, such as “Billy Bones”, “Paunchy Bill”, “Dinkum Dunlop”, “Crooked-eyed Bill”, “Sweet William”, and “Billy the Steward” (William Lowther), who hailed from Pimlico, London.

Billy, who kept a diary, which he first started when he as a boy ran away to sea, and had been recording nearly everything that had happened during his adventurous life, was a man worth listening to, and, when relating a story regarding himself would produce a volume of his diary, and prove by day and month that he was not romancing. His diary would have filled a fair-sized book-shelf. He made several voyages with Bully Hayes, and afterwards settled down in the Gilbert Islands, where he died, a very old man, more than 20 years ago. What became of his diary, nobody knows. It was very carefully written in a fine, legible hand.

IN those days, Samoa had a big, floating population, and the township of Apia must have had a bigger white population than it has now. It was certainly not the calamitous place it is as at present, governed by New Zealand, under the Mandate from the League of Nations, nor was it overstaffed with officials, nor top-heavy with by-laws and taxation without representation.

The place in those days was apparently well governed by the Samoans themselves, in accordance with their own manners and customs,

(Continued Overleaf.)

43 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

YES/| but r>. which) WMKers OF COURSE Bergers I lilill! <prWa|||d* JCeeps on DCeeping on/ AGENTS THROUGHOUT THE ISLANDS.

L 1 Li . f e was free and easy. Many of the so-called “lawless” characters and South Sea rovers made Apia a regular call, where they could have a ifi° ( fbQ^ ie KniTfi ey wer ? more ’ after all, than boisterous, ebullient persons, On account of this, the harbour of Apia was crowded with shipping of all kinds. There were fine Aucklandbuilt schooners and brigantines, fitted out with trade rooms in charge of supercargoes. Sydney traders fitted out the same way. Whaleships with very motley crews aboard, hailing from all the countries under the sun. Most of these whalers were under the American flag, sailing out of Nantucket, Martha’s Vineyard. and Eastern ports. There were also a number of whalers sailing out of Kcbart Town, Sydney, New Zealand, and the Hawaiian Islands, under the old Hawaiian flag.

In addition to this there were the blackbirders”, such as the “Carl” brig and the schooner “Daphne”. The “blackbirders” in those days, were to an extent slavers, making good money by “inducing” Melanesians and any natives they could get hold of to take service on the plantations of Hawaii, Queensland and Fiji.

VyiTH such a big floating population it was only natural that there were a fair number of sailors’ boarding houses and places where men could get an honest drink. These were kept mostly by darkies, who had found their way to Samoa and settled down by marrying Samoans. The darker strain of their descendants can still be seen in some of the Samoans today. “Black Tom”, “Bill Henry”, “George Washington”, “Bill Williams”, “Bruce the Fiddler”, and “Old Bob”, were negroes in full colour and characteristics.

There being no European Government, no taxes or customs dues were collected, drinking saloons paying no license. A case of Green gin could be purchased in those days for three Chilian dollars (about 8/- English money), all liquors being cheap in proportion, and were sold at 10 cents per nip, out of which the dispenser made a rattling good profit.

All that was necessary at the time to start a drinking saloon was the purchase of a few dozen glasses and a case or two of grog. Get hold of a girl who could play “Champagne Charley” or some other topical airs of the day on the accordeon, and everything would be set, and the guests would flock in.

Even in those days it was considered best not to give the Samoan males drink, and they were never allowed to enter the bar rooms. With the women, of course, it was different, and there were quite a number of them who made it a practice to visit the various saloons at night and entertain the sailors. They were not all Samoans, but included Hawaiians, Gilbert and Marshall islanders, also a number of Tongans and Rarotongans.

Some of the women also had nicknames, such as “Ugly”, “Fatty”, “Venus”, “Pretty”, “Greasy”, “Sissy”.

The sailors, however, addressed them by their nicknames, till such times as they knew them all as “Mary”.

The American Consular Agent was very obliging in those times (depending upon his fees) and would marry any of those who thought they were in love with their duskv sweethearts for the sum of 5 dollars cash, and for double that amount would grant them a divorce at the same time, which proved that those who married in haste were in those days not compelled to repent at leisure.

THERE were two native damsels, one a Samoan, and the other a Hawaiian, who, I suppose on account of their bewitching looks and pleasant manners, were regularly married and divorced to some newcomer, every two or three weeks. The class of 44 March 15, 1 939-Pacific Islands Monthly

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CUIAIUIB sailors who then visited Apia must have made their money easy, and, therefore, spent it freely, buying all kinds of fal-de-lals for the girls they admired.

The first thing was to give their newly-wedded bride an outfit, which she, nothing loth, accepted, so as to dress in harmony with the white ladies, and would obtain from her new hubby a long skirt, as worn in those days, a pair of corsets, shoes and stockings, and a large hat trimmed with feathers of Gainsborough proportions.

Having obtained this fashionable and up-to-date outfit, the next step was the picnic to Papaseea (the “Sliding Rock”). No marriage in those days appeared to be complete without the picnic to the Sliding Rock. It was amusing to see them starting, the ladies decked out in all their newlyacquired finery, and then to afterwards meet them on their return journey home. The shoes and stockings would probably be under one arm—or the bearer might still be wearing the stockings without the shoes, as they did not pinch her feet —while the corset would be under the other arm, and the long skirt, or the remains of it, would be tied up with a hitch around the waist like a lavalava. In some instances the Gainsborough hat would be carried (by the string to tie it under the chin) like a handbag to hold the shoes and the corset.

After this, more especially if sailor hubby’s cheque was drawing to an end, and he had sobered up in consequence, he would commence to realise how foolishly reckless and extravagant he had been. He would explain his predicament to his dusky wife, who would tell him that he had better go and look for a ship, while she was looking out for another husband to love and cherish her. Thus would end their brief courtship, marriage picnic to Papaseea, and divorce, and ex-hubby would leave for foreign parts fully convinced that Samoan damsels are even bigger “leg-pullers” than their white sisters. It would not even be a case of “Tofa mine frene”, as Mary had already formed a fresh connection with the supercargo of a New Zealand trading vessel, and was busy getting evervthing prepared for her coming marriaere and the sending out of invitations for the picnic to Papaseea.

Mr. Peter Rasmussen, latterly of the Bacteriological Department of the Apia Hospital, Western Samoa, joined the staff of the Auckland Hospital, New Zealand, in February to undergo further training!

Mr. Waverley Hall, of Thursday Island, is at present en route to England via Japan and Canada, to spend his vacation leave.

Mr. Bertie St. J. Fisher, Registrar of the Supreme Court, Suva, has retired from the Fiji Civil Service.

Rt. Rev. Dr. Strong, Bishop of New Guinea, arrived in Port Moresby by the “Macdhui” on February 13 and left again by the “Bulolo” on the morning of the 15th. Many residents (says our correspondent) knew nothing of his visit; and it is hoped that he will be able to devote more time to the town on some occasion in the near future.

Papaseea—The “Sliding Rock.” 45 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

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MORESBY From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Feb. 16.

BURNS, Philp and Co. are building a new bulk store on the block adjoining their main store on Port Road, Port Moresby. Although the steel and iron structure, which is to be approximately 90 feet by 40, will be rather incongruous in the line of concrete buildings, it will certainly be an improvement on the primitive shed that has occupied a comer of the block hitherto; and it provides one more tangible proof of the growing importance of Port Moresby.

Honoured By European and Polynesian Makea Ariki, of Rarotonga, Goes To His Rest By a Special Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, Feb. 10.

THE death of their paramount chief, Makea nui Tinirau Ariki, 0.8. E., a man respected and loved by both the European and Polynesian communities, was a great shock to the Rarotongans. The funeral ceremonies were notable.

The body of the Makea was brought from his residence at Pokoinu to the ancient, sacred tribal marae of Taputapuatea on January 26, and lay in state at the Palace until the 27th.

The Mataiapos and Rangatiras assembled and directed the native customs pertaining to the death of an Ariki. The same evening, the other Arikis of Rarotonga came to the marae, with their people, to mourn and to pay tribute to their departed friend.

The Fotikitaua (High Priest) of the Ngati Makea received and welcomed them in traditional fashion.

In accordance with native custom, the people of the different districts, under their arikis and chiefs, assembled in some thousands to pay their tribute in song to the departed.

The singing also conveys a comfort to the hearts of the sorrowing family; and, as each district ceases its song, the leader pays a special tribute to the departed ariki and sympathy to the mourning family. After the speech, he presents gifts from the district to the widow and family.

The songs and speeches continued throughout the night, until 9.30 a.m. on Friday, when Makea nui Tinirau Ariki was borne to his last resting place.

The coffin was carried, first, by the members of the Ariki family, from the palace. As a mark of respect and appreciation to Makea nui, who had played a great and important part in creating the friendship and brotherhood at present existing between the two races, the Europeans then carried the bier, on which the coffin was placed, to the people representing the Islands of Atiu, Mauke and Mitiaro.

These people, the Enuamanu, carried the bier to the Palace gates, where the Puaikura (Arorangi people) received and carried it to the London Missionary churchyard entrance.

Here, the Takitumu representatives —who, in accordance with native custom, prepare the grave for the arikis, and chiefs of the Makea nui family—bore the bier to the church entrance, where it was once again taken charge of by the members of the Makea family, who carried it into the church.

After the funeral service, which was conducted in English and Maori by the Revs. Cater and Challis, the late Makea was carried to his grave to lie beside the Tupuna, or ancestors, of this famous and noble family.

After the burial service the people, in accordance with native custom, took part in singing and native dancing. Later in the day, the division of food from the family to the other tribes was made.

In the evening, singing and native dancing continued; and this was prolonged for seven days and nights.

A POLYNESIAN NOBLE.

Makea nui Tinirau Ariki succeeded to the Ariki title in 1921. Ftom the time of his accession until his death he was staunch, loyal and outstanding in his support for his Government and his King. He always had the welfare of his people at heart, and the memory of his kindly hospitality to all, both Maoris and Europeans, will remain as a monument to his greatness. He was a strong supporter of the London Missionary Society Church.

He received the Jubilee and Coronation Medals, in addition to the 0.8. E. (1933).

Makea nui was a descendant of Queen Makea, who was chief of the 46 March 15. 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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Germs in the Kidneys and Urinary System may cause you to suffer from one or more of the following dangerous and vitality-destroying symptoms: Getting up Nights, Uric Acid, Nervousness, Leg Pams, Dizziness, frequent Headaches, Lumbago, Rheumatism, Swollen Ankles, Dark Circles under the Eyes, Dry, Muddy Skin, Loss of Energy, and Burning, Itching passages.

Help Nature 3 Ways Fortunately for sufferers, most chemists now have the new twin-tablet treatment called Cystex, which is a doctor’s prescription. Cystex fights and removes the underlying cause of your trouble in these 3 ways : 1. It kills and removes germs from the Kidneys and Urinary System 2. It soothes and heals irritated mem braues and stops pain. 3. It acts as a mild, gentle tonic to the Kidneys and helps them remove Uric Acid and other poisonous wastes from the blood.

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I can eat anything, sleep soundly, my nerves are steady as a rock, and I feel ten years younger.” 8-Day Guaranteed Test You do not need to risk any money In gutting Cystex to the test. Simply get ystex from your chemist under this written guarantee. It must stop your pain, make you feel younger and stronger and full of life and vitality and satisfy you in every way, or you simply return the empty package and your money is refunded in full. You are the sole judge as to your satisfaction. Within 48 hours you will begin to notice a tremendous improvement, but under the guarantee we want you to take the full 8-day supply and see for yourself the amazing things that the complete twin-tablet treatment can do for you, Get Cystex from your chemist; today. The guarantee protects you Federal Government when the island was annexed in 1900. Through this line, he traced his ancestry back through the famed Karika Ariki of Manua. Samoa, who, according to tradition, settled in Rarotonga with Tangiia, of Tahiti. He also was a descendant of Tinomana Rurutini, whose elder daughter, Vainu, married Pepehia, the first missionary to Rarotonga, who landed from the ship when John Williams, in 1823, found the long : looked-for island of Tumu-tevaro-varo (the ancient name of Rarotonga).

Late Makea Held Life-Saving

MEDAL From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Feb. 7.

The late Makea Ariki held, not only the 0.8. E., and the Jubilee and Coronation Medals, but he also had been awarded the Royal Humane Society’s Medal, for saving life. Some years ago, in a heavy storm, an elderly native fisherman was blown out to sea in his canoe. The Makea, with his crew, in a motor launch, went out to the rescue, and after a long and hard fight against mountainous seas, the fisherman was saved.

The late chief, who was 65 years old, is survived by a widow and two married daughters, Mrs. Love and Mrs. Cowan. Among messages of condolence received were messages from the Governor-General of N.Z. and Lady Galway; Prime Minister Savage; Queen Salote and Prince Tugi, of Tonga; Lady Pomare; Sir Apirana Ngata; Mr. Langstone (Minister for the Cook Is.); Mr. Robinson, M.P.; and Mr. Turnbull (Acting Administrator of Samoa).

Hoodoo On Yachts

Accidents In Eastern Polynesia From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Feb. 10.

Superstitious people are becoming firmly convinced that some malignant spirit broods over the waters or lurks under the sea in the South Pacific, in wait for yachts. Whether it be a Tuputupua (demon of the Night World) or Tuaraatai (the shark god) or old Neptune Ruahatu himself, they do not know.

It is certain, however, that when a vacht enters these latitudes something like this usually happens.

The yachting party breaks up in an explosion of wrath and fury; The crew becomes mutinous; Some structural defect develops which compels a long delay for repairs; Someone aboard breaks an arm or a leg; The funds give out and the boat gathers barnacles in Papeete Harbour; The yacht leaves her bones on some coral reef.

Not long ago, the ill-fated yacht “Malabar” was wrecked on the Tuamotu atoll, Kaukura, and her passengers experienced some of the privations of Robinson Crusoe, until rescued.

Word has just been received at Papeete that another yacht, the “Nani”, a smart little craft belonging to Doctor Audemard, of Papeete, has gone ashore at precisely the same spot and is being broken up by the waves on the Kaukura reefs, beside the remains of the “Malabar”.

Mr. D. Odegard, of the Cook Islands Trading Co. Ltd., arrived in New Zealand recently by the “Matua” from Rarotonga, en route to Norway to visit his father who has been seriously ill.

New Guinea Legislative

COUNCIL OWING to the departure from New Guinea of the Rev. F. J. Lewis, head of the Methodist Mission in New Guinea, a vacancy has occurred in the non-official ranks of the Legislative Council. The Administrator took the somewhat unusual course of inserting an advertisement in the “Rabaul Times , stating that a vacancy exists and asking that individuals or associations in the Territory make suggestions to him for the filling of the vacancy. He has power to appoint whom he wishes to the

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“Bullivants; Ltd.” # vacant position in the Legislative Council The non-official members of the Legislative Council of New Guinea are supposed to represent the three main interests of the Territory outside the official classes—namely, commerce, mining and the missionary bodies. Mr. Lewis was a representative of the mission interests, and it is expected, therefore, that his successor also will be connected with the missions.

Mr. Frank Waddingham, who arrived in Fiji in the 80’s of last century, died recently at Nadi, aged 71.

Money Mystery

EXPLAINED "Dollars" and "Reals" In Tahiti From Our Own Correspondent yTnrm/-\t-i PAPEETE. Feb. 9.

ISITORS to Tahiti are likely to be mystified by the terms used in trading transactions at most of the shops about Papeete.

The official currency is the money of France—francs and centimes. Yet when inquiring the cost of some piece of nierchandise, one usually is told that the price is one dollar two quarters, which signifies seven francs, or one dollar three reals, if the price is six francs fifty centimes.

Now, by what magic of arithmetic has a unit of money (the five franc note) been endowed with five quarters instead of four? The stranger in the islands remains bewildered until he learns the history of Moni Manu (bird money).

During the greater part of the nineteenth century, the commerce of Tahiti and its adjacent islands was conducted through Valparaiso.

The House of Brander—which in the sixties became established as the major factor in the commerce of the islands—had a line of ships carrying cargoes between Papeete and Valparaiso, where transhipment was to and from sailing vessels voyaging around the Horn.

Easter Island was under lease to the House of Brander as a hacienda for stock-raising.

The money of Chile became the medium of exchange and dollar tara) quarter (toata) and real (raera) the customary terms, of value among the island natives.

The coins of Chile carried the effigy of an eagle—its wings outspread —and was named “Moni Manu”, to distinguish it from the silver coinage of many other countries—Greece, Italy, Spam, Mexico and even the anoient Papal States—that circulated in Islands commerce.

After Tahiti and dependencies were ceded to France, the money of France and Moni Manu continued side by side in Islands commerce (at an average exchange of two and one-quarter Ghile dollars for five francs), through the first decade of the nineteenth century.

When Chilean money was finally excluded as a medium of exchange by Government decree, the price of foodstuffs advanced 225 per cent, overnight! Transactions at the market of Papeete had alwavs been based on Moni Manu. Consequently, when Mom Manu was abolished, on a fixed date, the natives calmly demanded a quarter Moni Farani (a franc) for the same weight of fish or vegetables priced at a quarter Moni Manu, the morning before..

Although Chilean money vanished from the market place on'that date, the names of its coins remain. Five francs notes are tara, or dollars; franc pieces are quarters; and fifty centime coins are raera or reals, to the present day.

Rev. H. W. Whyte, formerly of India, has taken up duties with the London Missionary Society in Western Samoa. He has replaced Rev. H. S. Perkins, who spent the past nine years in Apia.

Mr. J Bennie, of the N.G. Administration s Stores Department. Rabaul, arrived in Australia on leave in mid-February by the “Macdhui”. 48 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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SHIPCHANDLERY: Our New 1939 Catalogue is just published. Contains full illustrations and prices of Mining and Boating requirements. Post free to genuine inquiries. We manufacture the famous “Pioneer Brand” Alpine Ash Oars and Tool Handles. w. KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD. 70 CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY. Cables: “Kopsen”, Sydney.

Loring Andrews, Fisherman

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Feb. 14.

WHILE in the United States Mr. Andrews not only made arrangements for the publication of his next book (so far, he has two to his credit, “The Horizon Chasers” and “Isles of Eden”); but he also found a charming bride, who has returned with him to Rarotonga.

Loring Andrews has a reputation that he is justly proud of, and that is that he is the best spear fisherman in Rarotonga. He considers that the most exciting sport is night fishing, with a waterproof electric torch and a 20ft. spear; and going hunting after the fish under the coral reef six fathoms down.

Director Of N.G. Native

DEPARTMENT AS indicated in the “P.1.M.” in February, Mr. E. W. P. Chinnery was appointed. late in February, to be director of the newly created Commonwealth Department of Native Affairs, at £1,200 per annum.

He was formerly Government Anthropologist in New Guinea, and in later years was in charge of Native Affairs and District Services.

Mr. Chinnery left Melbourne at the end of February for New Guinea, to clear up his official affairs there, and he will then proceed to his Darwin headquarters.

One of his first tasks will be to organise in the Northern Territory a system of district and patrol officers similar to that in New Guinea and Papua.

An assistant director of native affairs, who will probably be an official of the Department of the Interior, with personal knowledge of North Australian conditions, is also to be appointed.

The report that Mr. Chinnery, in his new post, would have some control over native affairs in Papua and New Guinea, apparently was inaccurate.

Mr. and Mrs. Clive B. Stocks, who were married in Sydney on February 4, will make their home at Lautoka, Fiji.

The bride was formerly Miss Geneva Moffltt,

Japan Dumping Whale

OIL Moy Affect Copra Market THERE are indications that action by Japanese whale-oil interests will tend to depress the copra market during the next few months.

The London “Daily Telegraph’s” Oslo correspondent, on February 24, reported; “The Japanese have sold 30,000 tons of whale oil at the low price of £l3/10/- a ton sterling, compared with the normal price of £l5 sterling.

“The newspaper ‘Dagbladet’ understands that Germany is Japan’s biggest customer, and that prices are actually higher than those published because Germany wishes to depress the market. Japan’s production of whale oil this season is estimated at 80,000 tons”. the antarctic catch Up to February 14, Japan’s six whaling factory ships in the Antarctic treated 7 140 whales, and won about 10 tons of oil from each. This was stated by officers of the catcher “Seki Maru No. 2” which reached Fremantle from the Antarctic on March 1. She was forced to leave the Antarctic because a propeller blade broke off.

Mrs. H. F. Ayson, wife of the Resident Commissioner of the Cook Islands, recently arrived in New Zealand by the “Matua” from Rarotonga.

Mr. H. Suiter, of Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., on the Morobe goldfield, T.N.G., arrived in Sydney by the last “Macdhui” on leave.

Mr. and Mrs. Loring Andrews. 49 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M arch 15, 1939

WM. BRECKWOLDT & €O.,

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Postal Addresses:—

NEW GUINEA:—P.O. Box 89, Rabaul.

FIJI;—P.O. Box 111, Suva.

TAHITI:—P.O. Box 60, Papeete.

SAMOA:—P.O. Box 124, Apia.

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MERCEDES-BENZ DIESEL TRUCKS: 2 Tonner Type, L. 1,500 -45 H.P. just arrived in Rabaul for demonstration. Fuel consumption— -28 miles on one gallon only of SHELL DIESOLINE, costing about B*d. in Rabaul. Lubricating Oil—Shell Dervoil Medium.

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"PETROMAX" Hurricane Lanterns (Incandesc.) and Lamps. (Not Agents tor Tahiti).

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JOHN CAMPBELL & CO., SYDNEY. (All Australian Goods.) PLEASE NOTE: our f” We sell WHOLESALE ONLY but, upon application, we will supply the Trademark. |_ names of firms at all places in the Pacific Islands retailing our goods. 50 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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How Shall We Treat The Natives

Of New Guinea?

Australia's Problems In Her Pacific Territories (An address by Mr. J. R. Halligan, of the Australian Prime Minister’s Department, read before the Anthropological Section of the Scientific congress, held in Australia in January. Mr. Halligan is virtually the liaison officer between the Australian Government and the Administrators of Papua and New Guinea.) THE natives of New Guinea are distributed in relatively small linguistic groups throughout practically the whole of the main island and the archipelagoes. Their regular habitations have been found at altitudes between sealevel and 8,000 ft., and sometimes even higher.

I have no definite figures as to the population in Dutch Territory; but the enumerated native population (under Government control) of the Mandated Territory on June 30, 1938, was 581,342.

In addition, it is estimated that there are more than 200,000 natives inhabiting the great plateau country south of the Bismarck Ranges, between the head of the Ramu River and Mt, Hagen.

These people, who were discovered in 1933, have been visited frequently since that date, and a number of administrative posts have been established at various places on the plateau. A great many of the natives of the area may now be considered partially under control, and in two or three years, it is probable that they will be enumerated.

Similar additions will also be made to the census of Papua, which in 1937 was 231,000, when many of the numerous groups discovered in that Territory during the last four years will have come sufficiently under control to be recorded on the census.

The New Guinea peoples vary greatly in type, language and culture. Ethnologists, especially Seligman, speak of them as Papuasians.

Differing so widely from one another, they present many complicated problems to the Administrations. Their diversities of type, language, social organisation, material culture, religious beliefs and fears of magic, present a wide range of problems which require to be closely studied by officials charged with the responsibility of the administration and development of the Territories.

Dual Responsibility

THE Administrations have a dual responsibility, i.e., the welfare and uplift of the native inhabitants and the economic development of the area.

The blending of these objectives presents an absorbing study.

The Mandate under which New Guinea is held by Australia enjoins that the Mandatory Power shall promote to the utmost the material and moral well being and the social progress of the in-, habitants of the Territory. The Commonwealth Government at all times is alive to the serious obligations it accepted with the Mandate, and its policy in regard to the treatment of the natives has always aimed to carry out to the fullest degree its trusteeship. This policy makes provision for the safeguarding of the natives in all circumstances— namely: The natives in their primitive state.

The natives in their villages.

Native labourers.

The task of bringing natives from savagery to control is one of the most important functions of the Administration and one that requires much skill and patience upon the part of the officials entrusted with the work.

In the initial stages of contact, homicidal activities, such as head-hunting, cannibalism, immolation of widows, infanticide, and inter-tribal warfare, which exist in some form or other in country not under control, have to be suppressed before the Administration can proceed successfully to lay down an organisation.

These practices disappear as the people gradually merge into avenues that lead to development upon lines formulated by the Administration.

This, however, produces new problems that require the most careful direction by the Administration officers. It may be said that the work of officials is never done. The adjustment of to-day creates the problem of to-morrow, and right throughout the two Australian Territories officials are faced with a never-ending variety of human problems, ranging from the primitive activities opposed to European standards, to struggles for adjustment in the new conditions where natives are expected to take their pan in the administration of their own groups and changing economics.

Before The Government Came

BEFORE the coming of the Government and the establishment of control, the natives lived in a state of constant inter-group warfare. Even now, in uncontrolled areas, one may sometimes see spearmen, or bow and arrow-men, hotly engaged in the no-man’s land between the villages. In uncontrolled country, the villages are either perched in the most inaccessible places, or are situated at strategic points, for protection against attack. Usually they are surrounded by 51 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

1939 Important New Year Announcement imh We present for approval a new 26-ft. Australian built Chris Craft, family Cruiser, as a standard model for 1939.

Experience, the greatest teacher of all, has guided us in producing this new Cruiser built under Chris Craft hcense, with all the Chris Craft inherent characteristics which guarantees its construction, fast, sturdy, suitable for all waters and all needs, this exceptionally fine boat brings the joys of cruising within the reach of all at a surprisingly low price. Cabin lines are low and rakish, a Bft. Tin. beam ensures smooth, level riding and affords extra cabin room. The interior is beautiful beyond belief with berths for four people, galley, icechest, toilet, lots of storage lockers, and controls in the cabin affording the helmsman a clear unobstructed view.

It is a real thrill to be aboard a ship like this. Power is furnished by options of 60, 95, 118, 135, two 60 H.P. direct drive Chris Craft Engines, speeds from 13 to 25 m.p.h.

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PAUL & GRAY, LIMITED. (Sole Agents in Australia.) 82 SUSSEX STREET, Branches: LONDON, ADELAIDE, SYDNEY. MELBOURNE, NEWCASTLE, BRISBANE Agents for Mandated Territory: Bondahl & Co., Rabaul.

Let your next Boat or Engine be Chris Craft. 105 Models to choose from. high . stockades, and are guarded by spear-pits, or their approaches are sown with sharp bamboo stakes, so skilfully hidden that they are invisible to the stranger. Many native police have their feet pierced by these stakes, when patrols are approaching villages in uncontrolled country.

In the old days some of the tribes stoutly resisted the advance of Europeans, and attacked them when they penetrated beyond Government control.

All coast-lines are now considered safe, but there are still many parts of the interior, which the Government will not allow Europeans to enter, until officials now engaged in exploring them, have established an adequate measure of control.

Most of the past attacks on trading vessels, or trading stations, were probably for loot. Europeans travelling in districts not thoroughly under control, have still to be on their guard against looting. A European party carries so many things, tomahawks, knives, etc., of use to natives, that it is just tempting providence to display them unnecessarily. Many Government patrols know what it is to have such things snatched from the hands of their carriers while passing through crowds of otherwise friendly natives waiting for them on the tracks; it is always a very difficult and delicate business t(x get them back again without trouble. Most of the experienced native police and carriers know this, and if thev have any valuables at all, they usually keep them out of sight, when passing through districts not under control as none know better than they, not long removed from savagery themselves, what a steel tomahawk or large knife means to a native who has only a stone tool to work with.

Apart altogether from reasons of loot, Europeans have always to be careful in travelling through districts not entirely under control. These natives are fighters, and there is always something happeningin the villages to upset them. They are saturated with fears of sorcery and attribute all sickness and distress to someone’s magic. They regard strangers with suspicion and are likely to relieve their disturbed feelings by attacking them especially if their social and religious codes require some pressing act of ritual homicide, just at the time strangers are passing through.

Language Difficulty

THE presence of all these diverse tribes in New Guinea, is one of the great ethnological problems of the world.

Why are there so many languages for instance? Trained investigators, especially missionaries, are working on the languages, but so far little is known of their origin or development.

There appears to be no doubt that successive movements of immigrant peoples have influenced New Guinea. The presence of the loom, the blow-gun and dart, betel-chewing, cremation, the linguistic influences and various other things prove that, and it is equally certain that the introduction of these cultures was accompanied by racial mixture as well. But a great deal more research will have to be made before we can hope to lift, even partly, the veil of the past.

As already stated, the diversity of natives and the native culture, though extremely interesting to the traveller and the scientist, set up many complicated problems for the Administration. The chief difficulty is that of language. How are we to communicate with these widely different groups? How are they to communicate with one another when the whole country is under control?

The missions are attacking this problem in various ways. Frequently, it is necessary for each missionary to study the language of the people among whom he is working and as none of these languages has a very wide distribution, the question is full of difficulties especially as it affects mission literature. The Lutheran Missions of the Morobe District have concentrated on two main languages, one of the so-called Melanesian languages of the coast and one of the so-called Papuan languages of the bush.

These two languages are now used in mission publications and are being taught in the mission schools throughout the whole districts.

In the New Britain and New Ireland districts the Roman Catholic and the Methodist Missions are printing and using the language spoken by the natives of the Rabaul district.

Use Of “Pidgin” English

FOR the purpose of contact between the natives and Europeans, however, the most widely used method of communication is “pidgin” English, which has become a “lingua franca” throughout the Mandated Territory for there are very few villages in areas penetrated by Europeans where the requirements of ordinary contact cannot be expressed in “pidgin”.

Miners, recruiters, planters and Government officials would find it impossible to transact their business if it were not for “pidgin” English. Native labourers from different parts use it in conversation with one another, and on their return to their villages, they spread it far and 52 March 15, 1 939-Pacific Islands Monthly

“FIREARM REPAIRS ’. “Our Hands Make Good Arms ”. GOODS SENT C.O.D.

New French 303 Cal, Daudeteau, the famoi Just- Arrived New French 303 Cal. British Mark 7 Magazine Rifle. Made by Daudeteau, the famous French maker of Firearms. Price, £6.

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See That A YOU il >-.s X3* Use m ICIANZ and— -09 ft m m oc s J Popular Prices 099 ICIAN Obtainable Everywhere G 2-9 wide. The tribes, as a rule, know very little of the language of their neighbours and the distribution of “pidgin” has been of great value to them as well. It is also the common medium of communication between Europeans who do not understand the languages of one another.

The “pidgin” English vocabulary includes many words from various New Guinea languages and other languages as well as English. It has a workable grammatical structure and with usage is improving as a means of communication for the ordinary, everyday things of life.

It is spreading daily and anyone who can speak it has little difficulty in making himself understood for ordinary purposes in most of the villages which have been visited by Europeans.

System Of Administration

THE Australian Government realised the extreme difficulties of developing these numerous varieties of primitive peoples who differ so widely from us, and so widely from one another as well, and in 1921 an important step was taken in native administration when the Lieutenant-Governor of Papua, Sir Hubert Murray, appointed a Government Anthropologist to conduct researches and advise the Administration in regard to native problems. A few years later, the Commonwealth Government subsidised a school of Anthropology in the University of Sydney for the training of officials and missionaries taking part in native development and simultaneously created a cadet system in New Guinea for the training of officers charged with native administration.

Under this system, young officers with a suitable background of education and character are carefully selected and appointed on probation to the district services of the Mandated Territory. After 21 months’ training in district work under experienced officers, during which time the cadets are able to decide whether the service itself and the conditions of the country offer a suitable career and the Government is able to determine whether they are likely to be the type for work among the natives, the successful cadets are sent to the University of Sydney for a specially arranged course in Anthropology and other subjects likely to be of use during their service. On their return to the Territory they become permanent officers of the Administration and with the rank of Patrol Officer take a responsible part in the administration of the natives of the Territory.

From this position they may rise to Assistant District Officer, District Officer, and other positions available to officers of their training and experience.

This system was established in 1925 and 79 have been appointed of whom there are now 62 officers in the service. The quality of the work being performed by these officials has proved ample justification for the establishment of the system.

Native Policy

Fundamentally, there is no difference between the native policy of the Mandated Territory of New Guinea and the Papuan Administration, the basic purpose of which is the moral and material improvement of the natives of the Territory. For intensive Administration, each Territory is divided into administrative districts, which in turn are further subdivided for closer control.

Each district is in charge of a district officer who is responsible to the head of the Department of District Services and Native Affairs.

These men have magisterial powers and are stationed in a suitable place accessible to the natives under their authority. Each district station also has a force of armed native constabulary, the noncommissioned ranks of which are filled by volunteers of suitable physique and character recruited from various villages throughout the Territory and trained in drill musketry and other duties.. The general responsibility of the district officer consists of patrol work during which new territories are gradually penetrated and the inhabitants pacified and brought under control, together with innumerable duties connected with their welfare and development once they come within administration influence, Associated with the district officers in this work of native welfare, is the Health Department which has hospitals and staff on each out-station. The iiiedical officials make regular patrols throughout their district, mapping out morbidity and carrying out treatment. By the system 53 Pacific Islands Month! y—M arch 15, 1939

1913. 1922. 1938.

Population— European 968 1,288 4,508 Natives under control (counted) 152.000 251,017 581,342 1913. 1921-22. 1938.

Exports £402,000 £499,197 £2,980,360 Imports .. £425,000 £468,711 £1,610,967 Revenue .. £87,750 £257,506 £506,388 Expenditure £166,100 £261,566 £508 613 Your Tropical Rit you visit the Pacific Islands, whether on Business or Pleasure, you need Special SUk Thi'rttufht Und\r°4a C r Whit! ty shoel hl et. m Wel ‘ and laUnder easHy: T “" lc Shl “* can be supplied from our Large Stock at Reasonable, Moderate Prices. P

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AUCKLAND

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Branches at Rarotonga and throughout the Cook Islands At Papeete and throughout the Society, Marquesas and Paumotu Islands, trading as "ETABLISSEMENTS DONALD, TAHITI"

At Fiji: Trading as "Dominion Fruit Co.", Suva. of -patrol work and intensive administratum, district officers and medical officers are kept in suitable touch with hie, health and progress in the villages.

By a policy of appointing suitable natives nominated by the villagers themselves to accept responsibilities in village administration, the European officers have established liaison which keeps them in touch with the health and problems of the community and enables them more easily to introduce ideas and activities of value to their progress.

An important phase of administration is the supervision and control of natives who elect to work on plantations, in the mines, and in other commercial activities conducted by Europeans.

The essence of the native labour policy is that it must he voluntary an P d /o forced labour is permitted. The system under which such labour is made available is regulated by the Native Labour Ordinance which provides safeguards during all phases of the native labourer’s existence—i.e.:— Recruitment.

Medical examination.

Execution of contract.

Transport to the scene of work.

Period of labour i maintenance of hours of relaxation).

Termination of contract.

Repatriation.

Recent Exploration

THE discovery, in 1926, of rich goldfields in New Guinea and the expansion of plantation areas throughout the Territory, created a demand for a larger supply of native labour and led to the penetration of new districts, and districts hitherto only partially known. Simultaneously, an intensive system of patrol work was introduced in the great central ranges in the mainland between Mt. Chapman and Mt Hagen.

By 1933, most of the villages between Mt. Chapman and the Kratke Mountains of the Mandated Territory had been visited on more than one occasion and friendly contact established with many of the groups inhabiting them.

In 1932, a Government post was established on plateau country at the head of the Ramu River and in 1933 an Assistant District Officer of the N.G, Administration carried out an extended patrol westerly between the Ramu Station and Mt. Hagen, where a population of approximately 200,000 people was discovered.

Additional stations were subsequently established at Bena Bena and Chimbu for the continuing intensive work and last year a third station was established at Mt. Hagen itself.

Extensive patrols were also made in the Sepik and Madang districts of the mainland where friendly contact was established with many thousands of peoples who had not before been visited by Government patrols. A patrol, especially organised to examine the country between Mt. Hagen and the Dutch border has been operating since March, 1938 and has now reached its objective.

It is interesting to note that Central New Guinea is probably one of the last unexplored regions of the earth.

In Bougainville, the unknown interior was successfully penetrated in many parts and to-day there is scarcely a portion of this large island which is not known to the Government.

Patrols In Papua

IN Papua, special patrols operating in the head-waters of the Fly, Strickland and Kikori Rivers during the past few years have discovered numerous groups of interesting peoples hitherto unknown to the Administration. One patrol which proceeded to the head of the Strickland River in 1934 discovered at Tari Puroro large numbers of people who resembled in type and culture the people of Mt. Hagen, 100 miles to the southwest, discovered by N.G. officers a year before.

The work of exploration and gradual penetration is steadily proceeding in both Territories and there is every reason to believe that within the next few years practically all of the native groups of the two Territories will have been visited by Government officers.

Area Under Control

THE following gives an indication of the amount of work performed by the Administration since the establishment of the present administration in New Guinea in May, 1921; Of the 93,000 sq. miles of the Territory, approximately 37,370 are under complete control, and a further 18,000 under influence or partial influence. The extent to wiiich the natives have been brought under control can be judged from the figures of the recorded native population and other statistics as follows: 54 March 15, 19 3 9—p aci f i c Islands Monthly

r. % oX^ Stw Ellice Islander Wins P.I.

Club Prize EACH year the Pacific Islands Club in Sydney presents a medical work for competition at the Central Medical School in Suva, Fiji. The winner for 1938 is Meauke Kuresa, an Ellice Islander Previous recipient was N. M. P.

Geoffrey Kuper, who is now doing excellent work in the Solomon Islands.

Meauke, who is just 22 years old, entered the Central Medical School in January, 1935. Before that he had studied at the King George V. School at Bairiki on Tarawa, in the Gilbert Group: though he was born on the island of Nui in the Ellice Group. Tema, his father, still resides at the latter place.

Writing to the secretary of the P.I.

Club the Principal of the Central Medical School (Dr. Hoodless) said: “Meauke has always obtained a good average mark at his class examinations, and he has acquired the respect of all his fellow students by his quiet manner, and good conduct . . We feel certain that wherever he may be stationed, there you will find him doing good medical work in his own quiet way”.

Meauke has also distinguished himself in sport: he played hook in the forward line of the C.M.S. Rugby team during 1936-38, and he was captain of the C.M.S. cricket team during 1937-38. Under his captaincy, the Medical School won the Sir Walter Carpenter challenge shield.

He qualified as a native Medical Practitioner in December, 1938.

Tonga'S Crown Prince

To Be Law Student in England Prom Our Own Correspondent APIA, Feb. 11.

THE Crown Prince of Tonga, Tuboutoa, who has been a student at Sydney University for the past two years, nassed through here on the “Matua” today He is on his way to England, where he will study law, for the next two years.

There is another report, to the effect that the Crown Prince will resume his studies at the Sydney University, where he has been an Arts student for two years.

THE names, of half the leading men in New Guinea have been sent in to the Administrator, as suggested appointees to the Legislative Council vacancy (see page 47). The Morobe community insists that it should have another representative, to assist Mr. Norman Neal: and “round robins” will assist the nominations of H. T. Allan, C.

C Judd, and other goldfields men. New Guinea hopes that this may be the first step in the introduction of more representative government. Mr. Ollerenshaw, in the Legislative Council in March, referred to the speech made by Sir Charles Marr six years ago, when opening the new Council. Sir Charles then expressed the belief that the nominative system would in due course give place to an elective system. Mr. Ollerenshaw contended that the time now is ripe to introduce a system of appointing non-official members to the Council by public election.

This system is followed in other similar territories—Western Samoa, for example.

New Guinea'S Salvation

AND CURSE says a recent writer on New VI Guinea, “is at once New Guinea’s salvation and its curse . It has trebled the white population m a few years, brought prosperity to the Mandated Territory—and blinded its people to everything but gold.

Java, with a population of 200,000 Europeans, has a rich export trade in tropical products, rubber, tobacco, sugar, tea, coffee, cocoa, rice, quinine, and spices.

With a sound policy of agricultural development, New Guinea might become the East Indies of Australia.

Mr. R. S. Willis, Government Medical Assistant in charge of the Port Moresby Native Hospitals, returned to Papua by air early in February from three months’ vacation leave spent in Queensland.

Mr. William Eady, of Tanna, New Hebrides, died recently. He was one of the best-known of the old-time British planters, and established himself originally on a plantation in the Bay of St, John.

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PLOUGHS and IMPLEMENTS MORRIS, HEDSTROM, LTD. Suva, Lautoka, and Ba.

Mr. R. H. Stracham has relieved Mr.

V. G. Tisdall at the Suva branch of the Bank of N.S.W. The latter returned to Australia from the Colony at the end of February.

Mr. R. McLaughlin arrived in Sydney in February by the “Macdhui” on three months’ furlough. He is employed in the shipping department of B.P.’s branch at Rabaul, New Guinea.

Mr. and Mrs. Alport Barker, wellknown residents of Suva, celebrated the 30th anniversary of their wedding on February 8, and to mark the occasion Mr. and Mrs. F. I’A. Ryan entertained a large number of guests, including His Excellency the Governor, Sir Harry Luke, at their residence in St. Fort Street’, Suva. Many tributes were paid to Mr. and Mrs. Barker. Mrs. Barker was born in Fiji, and Mr. Barker has lived in the Colony since he was a boy.

Turned Down

Jewish Colony Flan for New Guinea mHE Australian Prime Minister announced in February that hpnpncp 'f posed to any gr o Up settlement plan for alien migrants, it had refused to consider the suggestion that the plateau country, on the mainland of New Guinea should be used for the establishment ?. a Jewish colony. A similar suggestlon - in relation to Western Australia, was rejected by the Government for the same reason.

As the Lyons Government probably is the most visionless administration that ever has held office in Canberra it appears useless to pursue this subject fu?- I'* 1 ® I ’* But> for the information of many intelligent people who displayed an interest in the plan to place a large colony of Central European refugees on the central tablelands of New Guinea it may be pointed out that this is a region very suitable for white settlement; that it is virgin country and therefore, may be organised as a new colony without interfering with established interests; that Jewish societies interested in the plan were prepared—provided that an expert survey justified the expenditure to make available any sum up to £15,000 000 to assist the settlement; that Australia very urgently needs development and settlement in New Guinea, if her hold upon that country is to be confirmed in the future; and that the Australian Government is not apparently capable of organising colonies in Australia itself let alone in New Guinea.

There may be good reason for preventing the establishment of alien European communities in Australia, but that cannot possibly apply to New Guinea. It is much better to have a European population there, established under conditions which will ensure that the next generation will be taught the English language only, rather than that the country should be occupied by Japanese.

“Suva” On Maiden

VOYAGE In Fiji and New Guinea THERE was much interest in Pacific Islands ports in February in the new Carpenter steamer “Suva”, which on her maiden voyage visited Samoa, Fiii New Guinea, etc.

The “Fiji Times” of February 8 said:— The “Suva” returned to Suva last night from Lautoka and Vatia Point. Her cargo included a large consignment of timber for Lautoka which was, as usual discharged in the stream. At Vatia Point 1,600 tons of oil was pumped into the new tank recently completed by Tavua Power Pty., and in addition, a big consignment of lumber was landed for the mines.

Major C. A. Brewster, of Suva, accompanied the ship to Lautoka and Vatia and said afterwards that she was a good solid honest British cargo carrier, and would serve Fiji and New Guinea to great advantage, being admirably equipped for handling a bulk cargo such as copra. The ship could maintain a speed of 12 knots, and so make three trips a year between Europe and the Pacific Islands.

Papua'S Finances

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, Feb. .18. pAPUA’S total revenue for the half year end- • ing December 31, 1938. amounted to £78,087.

This is £15,472 less than the revenue for the corresponding months of 1937; the difference being accounted for by reduced sales of postage stamps and a falling off of £1,902 in Customs dues.

Expenditure during the period was £77,223.

The details show an increase in the expenditure on the Government Secretary’s Department and on Public Works, and decreases in practically all other directions.

The Trust Fund aggregated £71,291, including Native Taxation Fund, £21,170.

After a voyage of 37 days from San Pedro, California, the 48-ton auxiliary yacht “Navigator” arrived at Auckland, via the Pacific Islands, on February 10, 56 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

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Brotherton’s name was established in 1878—ever since when they have specialised in the manufacture of Cotton Textiles suitable for the Native Trades. ® our Specialties are:Lava-Lavas, Pearl Divers Ramies, Para Reds, Khaki and Dyed Drills, Calicoes (Plain and Fancies) Greys—Whites —Sheetings—Poplins—Art Silks—Ginghams, Etc. 0 Owners of the following well-known brands—“Mokarnie”, “Rintarnie” “Okarnie”

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The position recently held by Rev.

F. G. Lewis, as chairman of the Methodist Mission Society in New Guinea will be occunied bv Rpv l MarArthnr r a dTfh wbn W 2 A ; ® ipEd .’ wh ° J? as been stationed cit Vunsirims, Other changes are: Rev. Howard Pearson to Kabakada and later to open a new station in the Bainings; Rev. G. J. fatten to Namatanai; Rev. C. W. J. bannering: to Vunairima, where he will be in charge of the education section there

Pattern Service

EACH month we publish a Fashions design, patterns of which may be purchased by our readers direct from this office, post free. To obtain a pattern, print your name and address below, giving the number of the pattern and the bust size, and send to “Pattern Department”, Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 34088, G.P.0., Sydney; enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps.

It will be sent by return mail.

Name Address Pattern Number Size Mr. and Mrs. N. O. Carlson arrived in New . Zealand by the “Matua” on February 19 from Tonga, where Mr. Carlson is manager of the Vavau branch of Burns Philp (S.S.) Co. Ltd. They will spend their vacation in N.Z. and Australia before returning to Tonga. 6494. —This smart evening frock is of shimmering spotted net, and the jacket, with its snappy puffed sleeves and bolero lines, is of gay taffeta in a contrasting shade. Material required: 4⅞ yds. 36 in. wide for frock, and 1½ yds. 36 in. taffeta for bolero. In sizes 32 to 40 in. bust, paper pattern, 1/1. 58 March 15, 19 3 9—P aci f i c Islands Monthly

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A reduction of 10% on all charges other than special subjects is allowed for sisters, and in all cases fees are chargeable from date of entry only.

COURSES AS PRESCRIBED FOR QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY PUBLIC EXAMINATIONS (Academic, Home Science, Commercial) Provision is made for the accommodation of boarders from distant parts during short vacations.

For further information apply to the Secretary . • • , MR R T PHELPS, F.A.A., 491 Ruthven Street, Toowoomba, Qld.

Fashion Hints for Islands Women By Therese AUTUMN and winter showings nowadays are as full of colour as summer modes. The new dahlia shades are really lovely and range from the richness of royal purple to the definite cyclamen shades. Taffeta is a delightful medium for these glowing shades. Flum, wine, red cabbage and grape red find their most delightful expression in velvet.

Evening frocks are sequin spangled or bead embroidered, and lilmy silk nets have exotic flowers lacquered over their surface in shades of peacock, shocking pink, sea green, or cyclamen. Pastel nets are scattered lightly with gold and silver flowers and make the loveliest frocks for debutantes.

Lames and lacquered angelskin satins patterned in brilliant colours, go to the making of evening coats and wraps. One of the most exquisite coats seen was a floor length of white taffeta cloque, hand painted in falling leaf design in green and gold. The sleeves were almost reminiscent of the leg o’ mutton and the coated fitted snugly at the waist and hips from whence it flared widely to the hem. It was a perfect triumph of simplicity and sophistication.

Frocks are featured rather than ensembles in the new designs, and the most popular shades seem to be wine and teal blue. When there is a combination of colours they are strongly contrasted and mixed with a lot of black. A stunning pink jacket is trimmed with bright blue and green soutache and worn with a black skirt.

Afternoon dresses are simple in effect, but full of lovely embroideries. Skirts are shorter and fuller than previously, with the exception of the strictly tailored garments and these, though short, retain the slim line. Shoulders are wider, too, which tend to make waists look smaller.

COSTUME jewellery is still popular but requires to be chosen with the greatest discrimination. See that it is worn with a reason —either because it is just the right thing poised on one portion of your frock, or the frock needs a necklace or some such ornament to lift it to the heights, and not merely because everybody else is wearing it and you simply must follow their example.

Hats are a tremendous thrill. Nearly every one of them, whether small or large, sports a feather trim of some description. Some continue with the definite Edwardian note and hoist an ostrich feather aloft. The feathers are thrust at all sorts of different angles— some perch precariously on the side of a pill box, others soar heavenwards. The bird’s wing is particularly attractive on a boater hat, and bows of stiffened ribbon also appear on this type of hat with great success.

Every clothes-conscious woman pays great attention to accessories. They are the “sauce piquante” to the more or less solid fare.

Artificial flowers are very popular in Fashion’s scheme of things, and the variety presented—from quaint little posies of patent leather to exquisite French flowers —is really amazing. Great shaggy carnations are delightful for both day and evening and they, like the huge clusters of French flowers, are worn thrust at the waist or pinned at the low decolletage.

Stockings are a matter of importance.

There are so many shades from which to choose that it makes the choice almost a bewildering one. Colours are, of course, affected by price range and the more sophisticated shades—the new rusty browns and browny blacks—are only suitable for the sheerest weights. A nice beige that is “not too pink and not too sandy” is what the average woman calls for, allowing her imagination to run riot only for formal occasions and evenings.

Two pairs of one shade is almost a generally accepted method of purchasing stockings these days that proves itself a marvellous economy.

BENEATH the swing of our short and flaring skirts shoes take on a new importance. They march to the of Fashion’s parade and there is a whole regiment of designs. Suede looks like being first favourite with calf a good second. It appears also as though skin shoes will stage a comeback. Crocodile makes 59 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

A.ff.A. TELERADIO No. 3A

10 Watt Radiotelephone

# This portable radio telephone-telegraphic equipment has been designed to provide communication facilities for points where line telephone or telegraph services are not practicable. The receiver can also be used for the reception of world broadcast entertainment.

The equipment is particularly suitable for use by Government administration out-posts, survey and mining parties, light-houses, forestry observation towers, island plantations, cattle stations, patrol launches or small trading schooners, etc.

Many A.W.A. Teleradio installations have, for some years, provided excellent service in isolated areas in Papua, New Guinea and the South Pacific Islands.

Information and quotations for A.W.A. Teleradio equipment may be obtained from A.W.A. Radio Stations throughout Australia, New Guinea, Papua and the South Pacific Islands or from AMALGAMATED WIRELESS (A/SIA) LTD. 72 CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY; 167 QUEEN ST., MELBOURNE attractive, good wearing walking shoes, but it regrettably remains expensive as ever.

Lots of the new shoes are showing perforations. Some are punched all over while others display geometric designs.

There are no freak fashions in the new showings of shoes, they just are charming and simple, relying on good workmanship and design for interest. Though still cut high in front, the newest shoes are not quite so high as last season’s.

Lots of wine red shoes are now seen, and there is something quite Edwardian about some of them faced with deep red kid and fastened on the collar with two tiny buttons. More of the suede shoes are piped with kid or patent leather.

TROPIC dwellers who visit cooler climes during the next few months will be confronted with the problem of keeping warm—the solution is woollen underclothes! It savours of grandma’s days and red flannel, but don’t be misled Woollen underwear is one of the present season’s popular stories. The froth of wool chiffons and voiles is every bit as attractive as the summer variety; they are as soft as down, as light as silk, and of almost cobweb fineness. Satin and silk appliques are featured on lingerie and the shades are heavenly.

The lacy woollen negligee is really lovely. and one of white lined with the palest shade of blue satin has heavy cords to draw up the neck and the fulness at the waist. The new wool chiffons have such wonderful draping possibilities for negligees and house-gowns.

Modern woman is indeed fortunate, and the lovely gay collection of clothes for every occasion gives her the opportunity to develop her individuality along whatever lines she thinks most suitable. In the ballroom, the street or in her boudoir, Fashion has pandered to her every whim and she chooses her clothes with an intelligence that ensures her immediate success wherever she goes, and whatever the occasion.

Death Of Mrs. A. C. English

A Papuan Pioneer

THE death occurred in Sydney on February 23, in a private hospital, of Mrs. Daisy Evelyn English, wife of Mr. A. C. English. She was aged 61.

Mr. and Mrs. English had been actively associated with Papuan life for the past 35 years, Mrs. English and the wife of the missionary were the only white women in Rigo when Mr. English first made his home there, and for years she devoted her untiring efforts to assisting the natives, by whom she was held in the highest esteem.

At the funeral service, held at St.

John’s Church, Darlinghurst, where she was married 35 years ago, the Rev. O.

C. J. Van said that hers had been a life of victory. She had happily faced a strange land at a time when for a woman there must have been many difficulties, but she had steadfastly set a standard and maintained it, and that was the greatest memorial that there could be of her.

Mrs. English is survived by her husband, Mr. A. C. English, two daughters (Miss Marjorie English and Mrs. F. B.

Godson) and one son, Mr. Louis English.

Golf In New Guinea

Prom a Special Correspondent LAE, Feb. 23.

YOU may like a few details about the “Waterhouse Cup”:— We decided on a general competition, each club entering a team of eight, each team to play every other team. There are eight singles and four four-ball matches in each inter-club match.

Last week-end Bulolo played Bulwa at Bulolo (we have six holes now in play) and Bulolo won all games (18 holes, of course). Next week-end, Wau plays Bulwa at Bulolo, and Bulolo plays Edie Creek at Wau.

Edie Creek have been very keen. The .Cup gave them a stimulus and they have forty members. They have renovated Golden Ridges course and are likely to put up a good show. Salamaua are at present trying for a few holes and will have a team ready to enter the competition when the present series is finished. All the middle-markers in all the clubs are flat out trying to qualify for the teams and two new clubs have developed and a good time is being had by all. Wau is most likely to be the winner on present form.

We need more golfers, however. Sixty-eight is Bulolo’s membership and twenty-seven Bulwa’s Mr. and Mrs. K. Upton, of the Grand Hotel, Thursday Island, arrived in Australia by the “Changte” on March 7 to spend a holiday in Melbourne.

Miss Julie Lippingwell arrived at Rabaul, N.G., by the February ‘‘Bulolo”, and was later married to Mr. Jack Cleary, of Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd.

Mrs. Edgar Munson, who is related to President Roosevelt, passed through Sydney in February, en route to Tahiti.

Sir Maynard Hedstrom, head of Morris, Hedstrom Ltd., and Lady Hedstrom, left Suva, Fiji, by the February “Mariposa” for America. They will spend three months in California. 60 March 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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INGRATITUDE BY H.J.E.S.

MR. GALLFULL seemed annoyed. He was. generally. His face always looked as though he was smelling something. At this moment his expression was of one suddenly faced with a dog, long dead.

He was holding, in each hand, an ear of two black youths. They had been enjoying an old-time fight, and still were at it, in spirit.

Gallfull dragged them along the road.

“You’ll come to the Government”, he gasped. “Attempted murder, that’s what I’ll charge you with, Ezekiel. You were trying to kill Jacob! Cain is the name I should have given you”.

The boys writhed along, reluctantly, two hands trying to readjust loin cloths and the other two wiping blood from crescent noses. Gallfull pulled them up the steep steps to the magistrate’s office. He forced Ezekiel into the presence of the man-of-law, who was busily typing tax returns.

“I charge this boy with attempted murder”, declared Gallfull, dramatically.

“Poor Jacob was almost strangled when I came up”.

The magistrate took his fingers from the keys. “Oh, boys of that size never finish each other, Mr. Gallfull”, he said.

“I don’t think they feel so murderous towards each other as we whites do sometimes. Why not call it a case of common assault? I’ll deal with it to-morrow; I’m terribly busy now”.

“I don’t want to keep a murderer on my place for 24 hours”, cried Gallfull.

“I want the case tried now”.

“Believe me, if there are any murderers around here, you won’t keep them with you”, said the R.M., quietly. “At present, I can’t take the case, so I will hand it over to my assistant, Mr. Hopeful”.

A sturdy young man stepped from the next office. “Take up this matter”, began the magistrate, “and see ”

“I protest!” interposed Gallfull. “I won’t be turned over to an office boy!

The case is serious”.

“Mr. Hopeful is the Assistant Magistrate of this District, Mr. Gallfull”, said the R.M. “I understood you knew that.

Please take the parties into the courtroom, Mr. Hopeful”.

“I refuse to be dictated to as to how I am to charge my own boys”, spluttered Gallfull.

“If the case is as you claim you have no say in the matter at all, Mr. Gallfull. If Jacob or anybody claims that Ezekiel tried to kill him, then the matter is out of your hands altogether”.

The R.M. stood up. “What kind talk you make along this boy, Jacob. Ezekiel try to kill you finish?”

“O, no, we play along ground. Taubada he talk we die. We no die!”

Gallfull seemed to smell two dead dogs.

“Don’t lie before me”, he shrieked, “I saw you clutch ”

“Now, Mr. Gallfull”, said the magistrate, “I will see that no lies are told to me—that is the most important part of this matter. If Jacob wants to make court against Ezekiel, I’ll hear him —or any other patriarch or prophet in Papua —and there will be no lying”.

“I know what I saw”, screamed Gallfull. “Do you imply that I lie?”

“Now, now, Mr. Gallfull”, replied the R.M., “I think that when you come into this court you should be sober!”

“I’m drunk, am I? I’ll have you up for libel!” bellowed the infuriated man.

“Oh, no. I don’t imply that you are drunk. I mean that one should come into a court with a sober mien, not overwrought with fury”.

“I’ll show you how sober I am”, stuttered the informer. “I’ll write to headquarters. My complaint will be clear enough”.

Gallfull moved to depart with dramatic dignity. Unfortunately, his pose was so perpendicular that he could not see the steps. The top one was nearer than he thought. He was uttering a prophecy of retribution. It broke suddenly into a yell of wonder, as his feet skidded over the edge of the verandah, and his body bumped down the stairs.

Hurriedly the magistrate descended to assist the sprawling, little, fat form; but with groanings which, fortunately, could not be uttered, Gallfull squirmed unaided to his feet. He gave an ungrateful glance at his would-be helpers and, without a . word of farewell lurched up the path.

“Well, well”, exclaimed the R.M. “I don’t think that Ezekiel could have felt so like Cain as Gallfull looks”.

A sound of smothered laughter came from above. The men of law looked up and saw Ezekiel and Jacob clasping each other in an ecstasy of mirth.

“Good!” said the A.R.M. “Mr. Gallfull has settled that case splendidly, after all”.

Mr, and Mrs. C. G. Kilner received numerous congratulations on the birth of a son, Peter, at Namanula, New Guinea, early in February. 61 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

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Fijians Adrift On A Raft

WHEN, during the cyclonic weather at the end of January, heavy floods came down the rivers on the south coast of Viti Levu, in Fiji, a number of native families escaped on rafts and boats.

One family, consisting of a father, mother, five young children and a young Fijian man, hurriedly piled all their household goods upon a raft and floated away on the flood waters in the Navua River. The current was so strong that they were swept out to sea. When they reached the broken water, at the reef, the raft toppled about so much that they were forced to throw everything overboard, except their mats.

During the next three days they drifted eastward along the south coast of Viti Levu. and round past the island of Ovalau, seeing in the distance the towns of Suva and Levuka. During the days they were blown close to the land, but the breeze at nights always blew them to sea again. They were in desperate straits, owing to lack of food and water, but they found coconuts floating far out at sea, and these sustained life.

When the raft was near Mubulau, the young Fijian swam ashore, and gave the alarm, and the family was rescued after four days and nights at sea. All were taken to hospital, where they made a good recovery.

After more than 25 years’ residence in the Cook Islands, Mr. Robert McKegg, well-known as managing director of Cook Islands Trading Co. Ltd., Rarotonga, has decided to live in New Zealand in future —probably in. Auckland. He will leave Rarotonga this month. He will retain his interest in the Cook Islands Trading Company.

B.G.D.'S General Manager

RETIRES MR. L. J. JOUBERT has retired from the position of general manager of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., and left New Guinea early in March for Sydney, where he will join the “Mariposa” for San Francisco. Mr. Joubert returned from a long vacation in America only recently, but his health was still far from satisfactory, and when he arrived in New Guinea he made up his mind to resign and live in retirement. He made many friends in New Guinea during the years in which he has carried out important executive duties for Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., and his departure will cause general regret. Mr. Hart, who was acting as general manager during the recent absence of Mr. Joubert, and who has been his assistant for some years, will again act as general manager.

Preparing For Defence

New Organisations in the Islands IT is an interesting commentary on the development of international relations that reports from various British Territories in the Pacific Islands announce the formation of defence corps of European volunteers.

Rifle Clubs and organised troops of militia have been formed during the past month among the European residents in Port Moresby (Papua), in Rabaul (New Guinea), and in Western Samoa.

Already there is a considerable, defence organisation in Fiji and it is reported that this is being strengthened and reequipped.

New regulations were issued in New Zealand on March 3 for the establishment of a volunteer defence force in Western Samoa. It is proposed at present to restrict membership to Europeans, but it has been announced that if the Samoans desire to participate provision for their inclusion will be made.

Mr. E. F. Moates, Chairman of Directors of Noyes Bros., (Sydney), Ltd., left Sydney on February 22 by the R.M.S.

“Orcades” for Britain. Accompanied by Mrs. Moates, he will spend some months in the United Kingdom.

A recent photograph of Mr. L. J. Joubert and his wife. 62 March 15, 1939—Pacific Islands Monthly

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New Gold At

WAU, N.G.

Development of Sluicing Industry AN important new phase of the New Guinea gold industry has developed during the past couple of years, said Mr H. T. Allan, in a chat with the editor of the “Pacific Islands Monthly”.

Mr. Allan is president of the New Guinea Mining Association and he himself as a tributer of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., is now the active head of a successful sluicing enterprise near Wau.

“The day of the man with the box and the pan and a few boys has definitely gone”, said Mr. Allan. “Under those old conditions about half the gold that was washed out was lost downstream, and only very rich patches could be made to show a profit.

“But there is rich gold all along the hills on either side of the Bulolo River and that applies especially to the hills on the western side near Wau, and along towards Edie Creek.

“During the past two years a number of enterprises based on sluicing, and using the most modern methods, have started up in this latter area, with the result that profitable gold is being won in increasing quantities. These developments have changed the whole outlook of the Morobe gold industry. There appears to be a very large area of country capable of treatment; but the work must be undertaken by men or by small companies with sufficient capital to buy the right equipment, and with sufficient knowledge to employ modern methods.

Then the reward is likely to be rich.

“If these developments are possible under the severe handicap imposed by aerial freight, just think what the possibilities are if we could get a road from the coast and could get the benefit of cheap transport. Such a condition Would make profitable many areas which now are regarded as unprofitable, because it costs too much to work them.

“Under present conditions the gold industry in and around Wau has a definite life, but probably a short one; but if we ’ were given cheap transport— which we have been promised—a bigger and a highly profitable gold industry will continue in this district for a long time to come”.

Life Saved By Radio

A RADIO amateur in Wellington, N.Z., recently heard an American wireless operator on Canton Island (in the Phoenix Group, north of Fiji) trying to communicate with Honolulu, and asking for assistance for a man on Canton Island who was seriously ill with appendicitis.

There are two parties on Canton Island—British and American. Both nations claim Canton Island as a suitable station in the contemplated trans-Pacific aeroplane services and, as no agreement has been reached, it apparently has been settled that so long as each country maintains an official party there, each country has an equal right to use the island as an aeroplane base.

As the Canton Is. operator was unable to contact Honolulu, the New Zealand amateur communicated with the American Consul-General at Wellington, who immediately sent a cablegram to the responsible officials in Honolulu.

As a result a vessel left immediately for Canton Island (a distance of 1,500 miles) and the sick man was taken to Honolulu and has since recovered. Radio and the prompt action taken by the N.Z. amateur probably savfed his life.

Hon. G. H. Murray, Director of Agriculture in New Guinea, left Rabaul by the last “Nankin” on a visit to Japan He has been suffering from ill health for some time and the trip is in the form of sick leave. 63 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 19 3 9

FIJI.

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Mr. Isaac Simpson, a planter of the Waihunu district, Vanua Levu, Fiji, died recently at the, age of 80. He was the last of the three original pioneer Simpson brothers —namely, Mathew, Isaac, and Walter Simpson.

Pacific People

(Key to photographs in adjoining column) TOP - —Left: Mr. R. A. Bennett returned to Sydney from Port Moresby, Papua, by the ■•Macdhui” on February 21, after completing his term of employment with Papuan Oil Developments at Daru. Right: Mrs. C. H. Karius, together with her husband (who is well-known m Papua as Resident Magistrate at Kikori) sailed from Sydney for a holiday in the East by the February “Nankin”.

SECOND ROW.—Mrs. J. Hayes and her daughter Peggy returned to Port Moresby, Papua, by the “Macdhui” on February 25, after seven months' holiday in Australia. Mr. Hayes is connected with the B.N G. Co., Ltd.

THIRD ROW.—Left: Rev. E. K. Clarke left Sydney for Samarai, Papua, by the last “Macdhui”. After a short stay there he continued on to the Anglican Mission’s head station at Dogura. Right: Mr. A. H. Fletcher, of the Melanesian Mission, returned to Tulagi BSI by the February “Malaita” after furlough’ in New Zealand.

FOURTH ROW—Mr. and Mrs. F. Cook departed from Sydney for Salamaua, New Guinea by the February “Bulolo” after several week’s Sydney. Mr. Cook is connected with ‘ Cliffside ’ gold mine in the Morobe district.

ROW-j-Left: Mr. J. Hayston. a pathologist at Sydney University, returned to Sydney from Port Moresby, Papua by the •Macdhui” on February 21. He had’ been engaged in veterinary science work around Fife Bay and Port Moresby. Right: Mrs. F. Winterford, accompanied by her husband, who runs a gold treatment plant at Mt. Kaindi, New Guinea arrived in Sydney by the last "Macdhui” en route to England on six months’ leave.

Quotations For Mining Shares 64 March 15, 1939-Pacific Islands Monthly

January was: — Nov. Dec. Jan. mhic vards . .. 1,210,000 1,302.000 1.196.000 Bullion! OZ 20.491 27,116 17,778 Gold. fine. oz. .. 14,139 18,709 12,268 VALUE — Aust currency* .. £123,716 £163,704 £107,345 value per c. yd. /24.5 /30.1 /21.5 Working profit .. £82,609 £111,851 £75,810 * At £ A £8/15/- per fine ounce. tDec. 28 ♦Jan. 25.

Feb.22.

Crushed, tons 11,854 13,502 13,520 Head value, dwt. .. 6.8 6.13 6.13 Yield, oz. (est.) .. 3,744 3,807 3,847 Dwt. a ton .. 6.32 5.64 5.69 Residues, dwt 0.47 0.45 0.39 Concentrates, tons .. 2 4.5 5 Containing, oz. (est.) 10.5 29.4 28 Nov. 30. Dec. 28. Jan. 25. Feb. 22.

Ore, tons .. .. 3,272 2,909 2,977 3,554 Gold, fine, oz. .. 671 636 597 712 Value, £ A .. .. 5,871 5.565 5,224 6,230 tDec. 28. fJan. 25.

Peb. 22.

Mill ran, hours . 483 495 634 Ore treated, tons 1,655 1,795 2,305 Head value, dwt. 28.32 28.3 28.4 Gold, fine oz. .. 2,240 2,436 *3,160 Dwt. a ton .. .. 27.1 27.13 27.42 Silver, fine oz. . 491 502 773 Residues assay, dwt. 1.25 1.15 1.10 tPlant closed down December 22 for overhaul and installation new conveyer. tPlant closed down December 29 to January 1, inclusive, owing overhaul; also 24 hours lost owing storm ♦Inc. 14 oz. from retreatment of old residues.

Nov.

Dec.

Jan.

Edie Creek mill — Gold, oz., fine .. .. 1,129 1,171 944 Silver, oz., fine .. .. 4,679 4,312 3,730 Ore, tons — 3.600 3,011 Alluvial— Gold, oz., fine .. .. 849 993 1,217 Silver, oz., fine .. . . 612 722 908 Golden Ridges mill— Tons treated .. .. .. — 2,329 2,13?

Gold, oz., fine .. 878 943 938 Silver, oz., fine .. 928 1,229 1,228 Operating profit— Edie Creek, £ .. 3,257 3,525 2,069 Alluvial, £ 2,633 2,960 3,884 Golden Ridges, £ .. 1,302 1,514 1,832 POSITION WANTED.

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Mining Notes

From Fiji EMPEROR GOLD MINING CO., LTD.

Emperor gold mining co., ltd., Tavua, Fiji, advises that the first shipment of fuel oil amounting to 1.582 tons, was satisfactorily discharged into the bulk oil tank at Vatia Point in February. The erection of the wharf at Vatia Point is approaching completion.

As announced in their annual report the Emperor and Loloma companies entered into an agreement with the Fiji Government to provide a mole and wharf near Vatia Point, approximately 17 miles from the mines, at Vatukoula.

The expense of this undertaking is being borne by the companies, the Government having an option to purchase for three years from the date of completion, at the actual cost price, for use as a Government wharf.

The last Emperor production figures showed:— tPlant closed 3 days for Christmas holidays and 2 days owing severe storm. ‘Production suspended 24 hours owing storm; drop in grade due continuous heavy rain throughout period diluting ore with overburden.

MT. KASI MINES, LTD.

Yields from the Mount Kasi mines at Vanua Levu, Fiji, for the past four months, are compared in the following table:— Four weeks ended LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES N.L.

A satisfactory feature of recent returns from I.oloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L. has been the steady rise in the recovery grade, and the fall in the gold content of the residues. The latest return, for the four weeks ended February 22, shows that 2,305 tons were treated, the highest monthly throughput to date, for 3,120 oz. fine gold, which is also a record.

From New Guinea BULOLO GOLD DEPOSITS, LTD.

THE directors of Bulolo Gold Desposits, Ltd., report that all details of the sale of the Co.’s property to New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd., have been completed and the balance of purchase money has been received by the Co. The amount of cash now held by the Co. represents approximately lid. per share. A meeting of shareholders will be held to consider liquidation.

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS, LTD.

The following progress report for November to January has been issued by the Mining Trust, Ltd., consulting engineers for New Guinea Goldfields, Ltd.:— bulolo gold dredging, ltd.

Production of Bulolo Gold Dredging Co.'s dredges in New Guinea from November to January was: — No 1 dredge was closed down for three weeks during January to instal a new digging ladder.

The Morobe Warden’s Mining Report for January shows that during that month a total cargo of 910,716 lb. (455 short tons) for 160 trips was carried by the Bulolo Co.’s big G.3l Junker planes between Bulolo, Bulwa, and Wau.

Jobs completed by the B.G.D. building department: Residence for Burns, Philp store manager; Administration Post Office; Hydraulic Elevator Flume change: Coffer Dam—No. 1 Dredge Reconstruction; furniture for new married quarters and Post Office. At the end of the month the staff was;—Whites, 321; Chinese. 11; Asiatics, 3; natives, 1,340 (including 11 Marys).

DAY DAWN SOUTH (N.G.) N.L.

Shareholders of Day Dawn South (New Guinea), N.L., at an extraordinary meeting in Sydney on March 10 decided that the Co. should be woundup voluntarily. The balance-sheet as at December 31 shows cash at £1,322. Leases, plant, etc., valued at £12,873. Mine development account 65 Pacific Islands Month 1 y—M arch 15, 1939

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Dynamic Speaker, all ohmages, best make, 17/0. Brand New.

Permagnetic Speaker, sin. and 6 3 /4in., 23/-. Leading Make.

Ampllon LI. Per magnetic” Speaker, 8 in.", 35/-, to Clear. L 5, 10 in., 45/-.

Highest Grade Swiss Music Boxes, for Cigarettes, etc., 25/-, 35/-, 37/6, 39/6, Book Jokes—What To Know About Women. Album of Parisian Beauties, 2 for 2/6, post free.

Novelty Trick Cigars, giant size, smok' cigarette inside, 1/-.

Splendid Tricks and Puzzles. The T.

Trick. 9d. The Squarem Puzzle. 9d. The 2 Asses Puzzle, 1/-. The Magic Egg Trick, 2/6.

Lightweight Table Tennis Bats, 2/6; English Balls, 2/6 dozen. Cameras, samples, 63/-; Model. 35/-; 5.50 Models, 55/-.

Electric Bells, work right off 240 volts, 13/6; Battery Operated Electric Bells, 3/11, 4/6; 2-way Insulated 100 ft. Coils of Wire, excellent for bells, etc.. 5/- coil.

Like-a-Flash Super Het. Mantle Model Electric Radio, 1938-9 designs. £l3/10/ value. NOW £B/10/- CASH.

Write for o f u b CROWN AND ANCHOR SETS, 10/6. 5 Poker Dice, in box .. .. 7/6 and 10/6 In Leather Case 7/6, 10/6, 12/6 Head and Tail Dice, Sets of Five, 8/6 and 11/6. Large Transparent 1 to 6 Dice. 1/6 each. Extra Large 2/6.

We stock all kinds of Dice and Dice Cups.—Send for Lists.

The World’s Best Indoor Pastime-Games: “MONOPOLY” and “TOTOPOLY”. The World’s Craze, 10/6. BIG BUSINESS, 12/9.

A Facsimile Game. We stock Games of all kinds.

“Presto”, the Mysterious Coin-Box! — The most baffling Trick ever conceived* Borrow a coin; request owner to mark in a way he will identify it again. In exchange for coin, hand him a small bakelite box bound up.

Ask him to open it. Inside he will find a match box, also securely bound. Inside this he will find a cloth bag, also bound up. When opened up, he finds the coin he marked, In the bag. This is one of the most mystifying Tricks ever performed. Price, complete with instructlons: 2/6, plus postage, 3d.

Gramophone Record Overhead Cutting Unit, with Cutting Head, 84/-, Local Made, £B/10/- British make.

Gramophone Records for Home Recording; Sin. Plain Celluloid Blanks, 7/6; Plain Acetate, Bin., 3/6; lOln. 5/6; 12in. 7/6. Write for full lists.

Pregrooved, Bin., 4/6; 10in., 6/6. Steel Cutting Needles, 2/- each. Special Play Back Needles, 4/6 per 100; 2/6 per 50.

R.C.A. Victor Cutting Needles for Pregrooved Records, 8 for 5/-. 1 [Billiard Balls, Resilient, faultless in {running, true to angle and perfect balance; a real superior ball, unaffected by climate conditions. 1.

“Dymondite” Billiard Balls, 1 % in., 21/- set. 2. —“Dymonite” Billiard Balls, 1-7/8 in., 25/- set. 3.—“Dymonite” Billiard Balls, 2 in., 35/- set. 4.—“Dymonite” Billiard Balls, 2-1/16 in., 55/- set. Postage on each set 1/-.

Ormond British Made Highest Grade Vernier Dials, 3 inch Brown Bakelite or Metal, 8/6.

“UTILITY” Short Wave Dials—World’s Best, 12/6.

Goldring English Pick-up Heads. Suit and Fit all Gramophone Tone Arms.

Type 44/4 Pick-up Head with Builtin Volume Control: 19/6. Type 44/5 Pick-up Head, with Volume Control attached: 21/-. Type 33/3 Pick-up Head with Highly Polished Nickle Finish: 18/6. Bakelite Case Pick-up Head 16/6.

Table Type Interesting Pin Games: 12/6, 15/-. Competition Dart Boards: 21/-. Others: 2/6, 8/11, 11/6. Competition Brass and Feathered Darts: 3 for 5/6. Table Tennis Sets; 7/6, 15/-.| Model Aeroplane Kits, all types.

Write for leaflets. Draught Sets: 4/6, 6/6, 10/6.

British built portable electric 240 volt A.C. Gramophones, with Pick-up fitted all mounted on handy size Portable Cabinet, with all leads supplied ready to plug into electric current, £6/6/m “Y O G I”, The greatest and straightest of all tricks, match size. You keep them guessing.

Its uncanny— its wonderful, 2/6.

Midget Single Jack 1 Hole Mounting 1/3.

“Ormond” British .00035 Single Hole Mount Variable Condensers, with 4in.

Black Polished Bakelite Dial, 15/-.

NOW 7/ 6 .

“Pilot” U.S.A. .00035 Variable Condensers, 11/6. NOW 5/6.

“Pacent” Shockproof UX Bakelite Valve Sockets. Phospher Bronze Fittings 1/3, Auto Aerials, 2 and 3 Strand Roof Type, 31/, Cbllapsible Type 21/. Traders, write for Price. Just landed: Collapsible-hinge Type. Fits easily and quickly on Door Hinge, 33/-.

Range U.S.A. Types.

All Metal, Indestructible Vest Pocket Size, Quick and Easy Cigarette Maker, 6/6. Makes them like the factory.

G r a phoscope 8/6. With it you can copy any Prawing or Photo up to size 6 x 4 in.

Write for full list of Foreign Stamps and Albums.

Microphones. Sing, Play, Recite. GreaJt Fun for Home, Dance, Party, etc., or for use in Factories, Stores, etc. Write for full ramge. Just plug leads of Microphone into pick-up terminals of any set. 9/6 to £6/6/-.

As illustrated with long lead fitted. Splendid w Reproducer. 22/6 Excel lent / \ English Mi- M \ c rop hone, ( (/•j&Vjl U Table Model, contained These Microphones suit all sets. The leads plug Into the Pickup terminals of the set.

Write for full Illustrated list of the finest range of microphones. Order from this list.

“Cosmocord” British Built Gramophone Pick-Up Heads.

Will suit all Gramophone Tone Arms, 11/6 and 19/6.

“Cosmocord” Radio-Gradio Unit Electric Turntable with Pick-Up Mounted—pull neat lid of beautiful table-model cabinet and out comes Unit.—Hook up to any radio in a jiffy, £9/10/-.

Wates Pocket Meters: 14/-.

Reads 0 to 6, 0 to 15, 0 to 180 volts. 0 to 30 M/A. 2 Reading Pocket Volt Meters 7/6. 3 Reading Meters 10/6.

Emmicol Universal Meter 18/6. 0 to 6, 0 to 150, 0 to 30 M/A, 0 to 2000 ohms 18/6.

Electrical Continental Solder Irons, 240 volts: 15/-. 6 v.

Electric Solder Irons: 22/6.

Large 50 amp. Battery Clips; 1/3 each. We stock all sizes.

“Like a Flash” British make (iramophone Pickups complete Richards, just arrived 25/- “Cosmocord” . . , 25/- “Cosmocord” De Luxe 32/6 “Cosmocord” high definition 38/6 “Cosmocord” Super de Luxe 46/- Amplion (English) ___ 28/6 B.T.H, Crystal Type 75/-.

Write for Pull List.

'COSMOCORD* Write for Punch Board Leaflets

Levenson’S Radio

Games, Novelties And Hobbies

226 PITT STREET. SYDNEY Manufacturers, Importers, and Exporters.

Branches: Radio Cheapside, 240 a Pitt St.

N.S.W., AUSTRALIA Cable address: “Leveradioh.” Goods forwarded V.P.P. or Sight Draft. Satisfaction, and Service Guaranteed. We can supply by mail all General Merchandise at a Better Price. Quotations with pleasure.

Please add freight and packing. Write for full list of interesting leaflets of Games, Hobbies, Novelties, and Electrical Goods.

Write f«.r Pin-Game, Totem and Odds and Evens Leaflets 66 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Cub. yd. Hrs. Gold, oz.

December .. .. 18,094 500 451.85 January* .... — — — February .. .. 38,831t 487 135.1 Total 56,925 987 586.95 Previous quarter 56,778 1,638 1485.05 ♦Sluicing suspended. tMostly overburden.

Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.

Cubic yards .. 19,154 17,206 14,196 16,482 Gold, oz 445 486 293 445 Per cubic yard . 3/6 4/2 3 /4 3/1 4/0V 2 Working cost . . 1/3 1/41/51/5 Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Treated, tons . 2,908 2,641 3,031 Bullion, oz. .. 2,850 2,589 2,788 Gold, fine oz. . 779.5 672 808 Silver, fine oz 1,987 1,852 1,915 Est. value at £A8 per oz. £6,354 £5,490 £6,574 Value, per ton 43/8 41/7 43/5 Development for January, 492 ft.; 489 tons of ore won from development, 2,152 tons from stoping, total, 2,641 tons; average assay, gold, 5 dwt. 14 grs. per ton silver, 34 dwt. 12 grs.

Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb.

Crushed, tons .. 2,378 2,003 2,612 2,728 Gold, oz., fine .. 316 281 329 367 Silver, oz 997 929 992 938 Value £2,925 £2,625 £3,000 £3,275 Residues, gr 6 6 6.2 7 RADIO Special Island Service We will supply all your Radio requirements, whether for components or complete receivers, at the finest Sydney prices. Every recognised make of accessory is to be found among our large warehouse stocks and if we haven’t what you want —well get it for you.

EXPERIMENTERS. We specialise in short wave receiving and transmitting equipment, building these and public address systems to order.

Write for 1939 Catalogue of Radio Components and Receivers, both Broadcast and Short Wave.

United Radio

DISTRIBUTORS Pty. Ltd. 334 Clarence St. Cables: Sydney. CRD. SYDNEY.

Can You Pack A Suit

Without Crushing?

matter of seconds! . . • » Just hang coat, vest and trousers on the hanger provided with the Globite Aeroplane Case. Clip it into position-button the coat and lay sleeves on top.

Fold back the frame and fasten the strap-that is all!

And there is plenty of room for other clothes too.

GLOBITE

Aeroplane Case

One-suit and two-suit sizes and a special model for ladies Traders are invited to write for full particulars. FORD SHERINGTON LTD., Manufacturers, (Wholesale only). Kippax Street, Sydney.

Here's a smart lightweight case that makes it amazingly easy to pack a full three - piece suit without risk of crushing and creasing. It's done in a appears at £8,951, and preliminary expenses at £2,445. Capital is £14,503, and there is a forfeited shares reserve of £ll,OBB.

SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT, LTD, The following figures have been made available by Sunshine Gold Development, Ltd.: — Quarter ended February 28.

SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING, LTD.

The mine manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing, Ltd., New Guinea, reported early in March that the last four yields compared as follows: From Papua PAPUAN APINAIPI PETROLEUM CO., LTD.

Papuan apinaipi petroleum co., ltd., reported in mid-February that the drilling plant had been transferred to the site of the No. 3 bore, five miles south-east of the No. 1 site and two miles south-east of the No. 2 site on the Oiapu structure. Heavy rains had fallen, and an adequate supply of water was available.

On March 7, a published report stated that the No. 3 Oiapu bore had reached 345 ft. Faint traces of oil were struck at 140 ft., and continued intermittently to 345 ft. Casing also had been set to this depth.

CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLDMINE, LTD.

Figures for the monthly clean-up on February 23 from Cuthbert’s mine on Misima Island, Papua, compare with the two previous yields as follows: — MANDATED ALLUVIALS, N.L.

Directors of Mandated Alluvials report that during the early weeks of March the work of the smelter has been much reduced owing to the monsoonal rains and also to a temporary shortage of sulphide ore. This latter difficulty has now been entirely removed by the acquisition of a large mining property already proved to contain more than 200,000 tons of ore. Work on this property is now in progress, and it is expected that considerable quantities of suitable ore will shortly be available. A small shipment of matte—the eighth—containing approximately 130 oz. gold, 300 oz. silver, and seven tons copper, has been sent to Port Kembla from Papua.

GOLD MINES OF PAPUA, LTD.

Comparative returns for the past three months from Gold Mines of Papua, Ltd., Misima Island, Eastern Papua, show:— YODDA GOLDFIELDS, LTD, According to a statement issued by Yodda Goldfields, Ltd., the amount of gold won during January totalled 52 ounces.

MISIMA NORTH, LTD.

Misima North, Ltd., reports that its engineer, Mr. D. Barnett, advises the discovery of a large ore body 1,100 ft. above sea level, midway between the Co.’s original leases and the northern coast of Misima Island in Eastern Papua. He has traced this lode north and south for a distance of 40 chains over a width of 40 to 50 ft., and assay of samples taken in various places across the lode by surface costeans shows a gold content of about 4 dwt. Arrangements are being made to open the lode at a depth of 200 ft. Four additional gold mining leases have been taken up to cover the area.

Australian Short Wave Broadcast A NATIONAL Short Wave Programme is broadcast daily from Lyndhurst, near Melbourne, Victoria, for listeners in the Western Pacific. Call signs: Before 6 p.m. VLR3; after 6.15 p.m. VLR.

Wave lengths: Before 6 p.m. 25.25 metres; after 6.15 p.m. 31.23 metres. Frequencies: Before 6 p.m. 11880 Kcs.; after 6.15 p.m. 9580 Kcs.

A.M. Daily Week Days

6.30 Market Reports. 6.45 National News Bulletin. 6.55 Early News Bulletin. 7.00 Physical Exercises. 7.10 Music. 8.00 Australian and Overseas News. 8.15 Music. 9.30 Serial. 10.15 Close. 12.00 Time Signal and Broadcast to Schools, p.m. 12.20 Wheat and Grain Report. 12.25 Stock Exchange Reports and London Metal Prices. 12.40 Commentary by “The Watchman”. 1.00 Time Signal and News Bulletin. 1.30 Afternoon Musical Programme. 5.20 Children’s Session. 6.00 Close

(Continued Overleaf.)

67 Pacific Islands Monthl y — M arch 15, 1939

ill 111 u 111 BuiXr to mat Jilaw The Chapman 16ft. Cabin Launch is the most suitable allround craft for island conditions. It is used for mission duties, as a work boat, for pleasure and for fishing.

Built with the same sturdy strength and sweeping lines as the hull of the craft, the roomy cabin protects the engine and, besides, provides sleeping accommodation for two. There is ample storage space.

The power provided is a Chapman Pup Engine either 3 or 31 h.p. easy to start simple to operate and giving a good 50 miles per gallon.

Send NOW for FREE interesting details.

Chapman & Sherack

26 Clara Street, Erskineville, N.S.W.

Engine Manufacturers For Thirty Years

Diabetes treated without Injection, Pasting or pie ting! Free—New Book, entitled “A Treatise on Diabetes—lts Cause and Treatment”, explains fully this latest theory. Successful home method. Write CHEMISTS’ SUPPLIES CO., Dept. P.M., Box 1178, Christchurch, N.Z. (Kindly enclose 6d. stamps for handling). 6.15 Dinner Music. 7.00 (Saturday excluded) Market Reports. 7.15 Overseas News Service. 7.25 News Commentary. 7.30 Australian News. 7.40 Talk. 10.30 Late News. 10.40 Late Market Reports. 11.00 Music. 11.20 Summary of Day’s News. 11.30 Close.

P.M. Every Saturday

12.40 Music. 1.15—5.30 Description of current sporting and athletic events, interspersed with music. 6.00 Close. 6.45 Sporting Session. 7.35 Sporting Highlights of the Week. 11.00 Dance Music. 12.00 Close.

Every Sunday

8.00 News Bulletin. 8.10 Sporting Session. 8.20 Musical Programme. 9.30 Summary of Week’s News. 10.00 News. 10.15 Book Review. 11.00 Divine Service, p.m. 1.00 Luncheon Music. 1.30 Close. 3.00 Re-open—Talk. 3.20 Musical Programme. 6.00 Close. 6.15 Re-open. 7.00 Talk. 7.20 News Bulletin. 9.15 Talk on International Affairs. 10,20 News. 10.30 Close.

MARCH 26 TO APRIL 22.

Mar. 26 (Sun.) —7.30 p.m. Harry Bloom’s Orchestra: 8.15 Play; 9.30 Piano and Violin; 10.10 Piano Recital.

Mar. 27 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Ascot Races; 8 Serial; 8.30 Jim Davidson; 9 Revue; 10 Modern Music.

Mar. 28 (Tues.) —8 p.m. Orchestra Music; 9 Talk; 9,15 Violin Recital; 10 Wireless Chorus.

Mar. 29 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Ascot Races; 8 Request Items; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert”; 9 Variety Programme; 9.40 Violin and Soprano.

Mar. 30 (Thurs.)—l.3o p.m. Bacchus Marsh Races; 8 Play; 9 “Concertos Through the Ages”; 10.15 Harry Bloom’s Band.

Mar. 31 (Fri.)—B p.m. A.B.C. Dance Band; 8.40 Desmond Tanner; 9 Community Singing.

Apr. 1 (Sat.)—l.ls p.m. Warwick Farm Races; 8.10 “April Fooleries”; 9 Orchestral Hour; 10 Ballad Concert; 11 Dance Music.

Apr. 2 (Sun.)—7.3o p.m. Harry Bloom’s Orchestra: 8 Play; 9.30 Spivakovsky Duo.

Apr. 3 (Mon.)—B p.m. Serial; 8.30 Jim Davidson’s Band; 9 Revue; 9.45 Instrumental Recital: 10 Modern Music.

Apr. 4 (Tues.)—B p.m. Orchestral Music; 9 Wireless Chorus; 9.15 Talk; 9.30 Chopin Recital; 10 A.B.C. Band.

Apr. 5 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Kyneton Races; 8 Request Items; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert” - 9 Jim Gerald and A.B.C. Dance Band.

Apr 6 (Thurs.)—B p.m. Play; 8.45 Tossy Spivakovsky (Violinist): 9 Brass Band; 9.30 Vocal Recital. o Apr ’ ? <Fri.) —8 p.m. Instrumental Ensemble; 8.30 Talk; 9.15 Gordon Ireland in Special Feature.

Apr. 8 (Sat.) —1.15 p.m. Williamstown and Randwick Races; 8.10 Lotte Lehmann; 8.50 Studio Orchestra; 9.30 Male Quartet; John Morley Instrumental Quintet.

Apr. 9 (Sun.)—B.ls p.m. Play—“ The Flying Swan ; 9.30 Piano and Violin Recital; 10 10 Comedy Harmonists.

Ap , r - n lo x, (Mon ->-- 8 P-m. Serial: 8.30 Dance Band; 9 Revue; 10 Modern Compositions.

Apr. 11 (Tues.) —1.30 p.m. Epsom Races; 8 Community Singing; 10.50 Recorded Feature.

Apr. 12 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Randwick Races; 8 Request Items; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert’’; 9 Jim Davidson’s Band; 9.40 Harp Recital.

Apr. 13 (Thurs.) —1.30 p.m. Mentone Races; 8 Musical Comedy; 9 Mastersingers Quartet; 9 10 Violin Recital; 10.50 Dance Music.

Apr. 14 (Fri.)—B p.m. Play; 9.30 Vocal Duo; 9.50 Orchestral Music; 10.50 Harry Bloom s Band.

Apr. 15 (Sat.) —8 p.m. Old Time Dance Music; 11 Music.

Apr. 16 (Sun.)—7.3o p.m. Orchestral Music; 8.15 Play—“ The Women Have Their Way”; 9 30 Spivakovsky Duo; 10.10 Comedy Harmonists.

Apr. 17 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Ascot Races; 8 Serial; 8.30 Military Band; 9 Revue; 10 Modern Compositions.

Apr. 18 (Tues.) —8 p.m. Symphony Orchestra; 9 Vocal Quartet: 9.15 Violin Recital; 10 Talk- -10.15 A.B.C. Band. ’

Apr. 19 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Geelong Races; 8 Request Items; 8.45 “Emma and ’Erbert”; 9 Jim Gerald; 9.30 Stephen Yorke; 10 Male Choir Apr. 20 (Thurs.)—l.3o p.m. Woodend Races; 8 Lotte Lehmann (German Soprano); 8.50 Melbourne Symphony Orchestra.

Apr. 21 (Fri.)—B p.m. “Toad of Toad Hair- Play; 9.30 Beatrice Tange (Piano); 10 Jim Davidson’s Band. o j? <Sat.) —1.15 p.m. Race Descriptions; 8.10 Studio Orchestra; 8.45 Male Quartet; 9 Story 9.15 Lotte Lehmann; 10 John Morley Quintet. ’

Head Of N. Guinea District

SERVICES No Appointment Yet ALTHOUGH it was announced in Melbourne In February that Mr. R.

Melrose had been appointed to succeed Mr, E. W. P. Chinnery as head of Native Affairs and District Services in New Guinea, it now appears that the appointment has not been filled and that various names are under consideration by the Administrator, Well-informed opinion in New Guinea distinctly favours the appointment of Mr. E. Taylor, the well-known district officer in the Morobe district, who is held in high regard throughout the Territory.

The claims of a number of the senior district officers—including Mr. Melrose —are likely to be carefully examined before the appointment is made. There are men of outstanding ability among them.

It is to be hoped that this principle will be recognised and the system continued of appointing men from the ranks to the higher jobs—especially when the chief administrative positions become vacant.

Mr. Chinnery came in for some sharp criticism during last session of the Legislative Council in Rabaul. One member said that Mr. Chinnery had spent the greater portion of his time since he became the head of District Services away from the Territory, attending to matters which could not exactly be regarded as New Guinea affairs, and that, as the Territory had had so little of his services, it would not be sorry to see him depart!

Mr. J. Bayly, of Fiji, is at present on holidays abroad.

o

This Poor Old Teapot Was Crying For

REPAIRS. FORK WAS A WRECK ALSO .

They came to Angus & Coote’s silverplate factory, and went out NEW. Both were given a brand new overcoat of silver. Each has a fresh lease of life, and will give pleasure and service for years.

All Old Silverware

should be given the same chance. Send a couple of worn pieces and see the magical transformation for yourself. . . . Factory is on the premises—so costs are down to bedrock. Island parcels welcome. Quotations free. Return postage paid.

REAL SILVERPLATE FOR SIXPENCE.

Old English “Masterplate” forks and spcons that are really silverplated, despite the low cost.

“Masterplate” is constructed to give surprisingly good wear, though the teaspoons are only 6d. each.

Soup Spoons, Dessert Spoons and Forks 1/- each.

Table Spoons and Forks 1/3 each.

Get A Few Pieces Now. You'Ll

Be Glad Of Your Extra Store

Of Presentable Emergency

SILVERPLATE—AT SUCH A TRI- FLING OUTLAY.

Catalogue showing scores of lovely silverware posted by return anywhere.

Angus & Coote

Pty. 500 George Street, Ltd. SYDNEY •n

Banks’ Island

SPECIALTIES Write for particulars of lines in which you arc interested.

“Petromax”

Rapid Kerosene Hurricane Lanterns and Table Lamps, bum Kerosene.

Bight on Kerosene in 30 Cooking Ranges for Wood, Coal, Gas, Oil, Electricity.

Refrigerators, Ice or Electric.

Builders’ Hardware, Gal.

Iron, Bituminous Roll Roofing. Sheet Lead. seconds. Latest models.

IN BOND PRICES FOR PETROMAX LAMPS AND LANTERNS. 200 C.P.Lanterns,£2/16/6. 300 "P. Rapid Lanterns, £3/5/-.

Ordinary preheating type using petrol for starting:—2oo C.P.

Lanterns, £2,6/6. 300 C.P. Lanterns, £2/16/-. 200 C.P. Rapid Table Lamps, £3/7/6. 300 C.P. Rapid Table Lamps, £3/16/6. o‘ONt M 6505 I* LINES-LATE SHOPPING PBIDAY 830 PM Qund n*

Proprietary Limited- (Incorporated In Victoriaii

wojuj iv w l l jnyrniNU rmiwsi o jg WANKS?- Catalogue of “Modern Home” Fittings now available 324-330 PITT STREET, SYDNEY.

And at Melbourne.

Sanitary-ware, Baths, Basins. Bath Heaters’, Wallboard, Asbestos Building Sheets.

“Billabomz” Pumps For Mining and Irri gation, Windmills, Watei Piping, Brass Cocks.

Hush “Silent” Flushers for Pedestal Pans.

“NOX” Electric Lamps.

Captain "Myles”

THOMPSON Prominent N.G. Planter's Sudden Death in Melbourne ONE of the best-known and most respected planters in New Guinea, Captain George Power Myles Thompson (known throughout the Territory as “Myles”) died suddenly in Victoria on February 17. He arrived in Australia from Rabaul at the end of 1938, apparently in good health; but, recently, he entered a private hospital in Melbourne and, shortly after, became unconscious.

He did not rally, and died.

Mr. Thompson’s first connection with the Islands was as a member of the staff of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. in Fiji before the Great War. In the war, he held a commission and served with the Bth Infantry Brigade, 29th Battalion, A.I.F. He went to New Guinea in 1921 as an overseer for the Expropriation Board, and at the sale of expropriated properties bought several coconut estates. Since then, he had consolidated and increased his holdings, his main plantations being Iboki and Nonga.

Mr. Thompson was a consistent supporter of the Rabaul Amateur Turf Club and other New Guinea sporting organisations. He also was an active and leading member of the Rabaul Club.

Pall-bearers at his funeral, which took place at Springvale Crematorium. Melbourne, were Lieutenant-Colonel H.

Cameron (representing Chief Judge F. B.

Phillips), Capt. S. Gullett and Capt. L.

Brewer (representing the Bth Infantry Brigade, 29th Battalion), Mr. S. Costelloe (R.S.S.I.L A„ Rabaul), Capt. Shaw (Naval and Military Club), and Messrs. W.

Samson and S. Best, of Rabaul. Other New Guinea people present included Hon. E. W. P. Chinnery, M.L.C. (representing the Administration). Hon. H. O.

Townsend, M.L.C., and Messrs. L. Mc- Arthur. A. N. McLennan, and A. Drummond-Thompson.

MR. W. C. GROVES Educational Work in Solomons MR. W. C. GROVES, 8.A., Dip. Ed., F.R.A.1., who recently retired from the position of Director of Education at Nauru, and who is well-known for his work in native affairs, etc., in the Western Pacific, has been seconded for service in an educational advisory capacity in the British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

Mr. Groves is an officer of the Education Department of Victoria, and was seconded for educational work in the Territory of New Guinea in 1922-26, after which he was a lecturer on the staff of the Melbourne Teachers’ College; and lecturer on Pacific Affairs at the Melbourne University Extension Board. In 1931, after a course in social anthropology at Sydney University, he returned to New Guinea to carry out special anthropological work under a Research Fellowship of the Australian National Research Council, which administered the Rockefeller grant for anthropological research in Australia, remaining there until 1934. He was granted a further year’s Fellowship in 1936. He has published a number of papers on applied anthropology and native education, his book, “Native Education and Culture- Contact in New Guinea”, published by the Australian Council for Educational Research, being used as a standard reference on native education in British Colonial circles. Mr. Groves attended the Carnegie Conference on Education in Pacific countries held in Hawaii in 1936.

He is a vice-president of Section F. of the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science.

Mr. Groves will leave Sydney for Tulagi with his wife and three daughters, by the “Malaita” on April 1.

Mr. A. G. Judge, a New Zealander, who has been on Pitcairn Island for the past six months, returned by the February “Mataroa”. 69 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M arch 15, 1939

Copra South Sea, Plantation, Sun-dried Hot-air Dried, London to London Rabaul Price on— Per ton, c.i.f.

Per ton, , c.l.I.

January 1, 1932 £14 0 0 £14 15 0 March 25 .. £14 17 6 £15 0 0 June 17 .. .. £13 2 6 £13 5 0 September 2 £13 17 6 £14 0 0 December 16 . £14 2 6 £14 5 0 January 6, 1933 £13 0 0 £13 12 6 March 3 .. £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 £ 10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 .. £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 30 .. £7 7 6 £8 0 0 June 15 £8 0 0 £8 12 6 September 7 .. £7 12 6 £8 15 0 December 28 £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 March 1 £12 2 6 £12 15 0 June 7 .. .. £11 15 0 £12 7 6 September 6 .. £9 17 6 £10 17 6 December 6 .. £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles, to London Rabaul.

Price on—Per ton,c.i.f. Per ton, c.l.I. , Per ton.c.i.i.

Jan. 3, ’36 £13 2 ( 3 £13 15 0 £14 0 0 Mar. 6 . . £11 15 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 June 5 . . £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 b Sept. 4 . . £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Oct. 2 . . £13 7 6 £13 10 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 6 . . £15 10 0 £15 2 6 £16 5 0 Dec. 4 . . £19 7 ( 5 £ 19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8, ’37 £22 12 ( 3 £22 12 6 £23 12 6 Mar. 5 . . £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 June 4 . £15 15 C ) £15 12 6 £16 12 6 July 2 . . £14 15 I ) £14 17 6 £15 15 0 Aug. 6 . . £15 2 6 £15 2 6 £15 17 6 Sept. 3 . . £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Oct. 1 . . £14 15 C ) £14 17 6 £15 12 6 Nov. 5 . . £13 10 C ) £13 10 0 £14 5 0 Dec. 3 . . £12 10 ( ) £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Jan. 7, ’38 £12 12 ( 3 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 Jan. 28 ... £11 17 6 1 £12 6 0 £12 15 0 dsdfdf ■H R I

A New Modern Type Of

FURNITURE TUBULAR STEEL FOR INDOOR AND OUT- DOOR USE.

Cool in ony climate and Ideal tor the tropics.

Newlands have designs for every need from the cheapest type of verandah chair to the most luxurious suite.

Ask for a catalogue showing a full range of this delightful furniture. It will be forwarded promptly.

For Tubular Steel Furniture and Modern Sleeping Equipment NEWLANDS BROTHERS PTY. LTD.

Riley and Albion Sts. Sydney, N.S.W.

Miss Daisy Lucas, who went to Fiji from Tasmania 20 years ago to engage in missionary work for the Methodist Mission, died in the Suva War Memorial Hospital on February 11. She was first stationed on Rotuma Island and during her long term in the Colony served at Rewa, Ba, Suva, Levuka, and Kadavu Miss E Clark a Pitcairn Tslanrfpr daughter of a former schoolmaster there. reached New Zealand by the “Mataroa” at the end of February.

Market Quotations 70 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

December 8 . 4.0%d.

January 3, 1934 . . . . 4*/ 4 d. . 4 28d.

July 6 . 7.06d.

December 28 . .. 5d. . 6V 4 d.

January 4, 1935 . . . . 6%d.

July 5 . 7Y 8 d.

December 6 . .. 6 3 / 4 d. . . 6 3 /sd.

January 3, 1936 . . .. . . .. 6 3 / 4 d. . . 6»/ 2 d.

June 5 . 7 l / 4 d.

December 4 . 9 l-16d January 8, 1937 . . . . . 10'/ 2 d.

June 4 .. .. lid. . . 9 5-8d.

September 3 .. .. 9 V 4 d. . . 9 l-16d.

October 1 . 8 9-16d.

November 5 . . . . 8d. . 7>/ 4 d.

December 3 . . . 7V 2 d. . . 7V a d.

January 7, 1938 .. . . .. . . 7 , / 4 d. . . 7d.

February 4 .. .. 6 3 / 4 d. . . ey 8 d.

March 4 ., . . 6d. . 7V 8 d.

April 1 . 5 7-16d.

May 6 . 5 s / 8 d.

June 3 55d. .. 5 9-16d.

July 1 . . .. 6 3 / 4 d. . ,. 7V 4 d.

August 5 . 7 ll-16d.

September 2 .. 7 15/16d October 7 . . 8%d.

November 4 .. .. 8d . 8 7-16d December 2 .. .. 7V 2 d. . . 8d.

December 9 ,. 7.9%d.

December 16 .. .. 7>/ 4 d. . . 8d.

December 23 .. .. .. 7d. . 8Vad.

December 30 .. .. 7d. . 8V 4 d.

January 6, 1939 .. .. .... 7d. .. SVsd.

January 13 .... 7d. .. 7 15-16d.

January 20 8d.

January 27 .. 7 ll-16d.

February 3 . . 7 7 /ad.

February 10 .. 7 ll-16d.

February 17 .... 7d. .. 8 l-16d.

February 24 .... 7d. .. 8 3-16d.

March 3 .. .. 7>/ 4 d. .. 8 5-16d.

March 10 .. .. 7V 8 d. .. 8 15-16d.

Feb. 4 . .. £11 2 6 £11 10 0 £12 7 6 Feb. 18 £10 12 6 £11 0 0 £11 15 0 Feb. 25 . . £11 2 6 £11 5 0 £12 5 0 Mar. 4 .. £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Mar. 18 .. £10 15 0 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 Mar. 25 . . £ 10 12 6 £10 15 0 £11 12 6 Apr. 1 . • £10 10 0 £10 12 6 £11 10 0 Apr. 29 £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 May 6 £10 17 6 £10 17 6 £11 17 6 May 27 .. £10 0 0 £10 0 0 £10 15 0 June 3 .. £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 12 6 July 1 . • £9 17 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 Aug. 5 . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 Aug. 12 £9 12 6 £9 12 6 £10 12 b Aug. 19 £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 Aug. 26 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 12 6 Sept. 2 £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Sept. 9 £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 U Sept. 16 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Sept. 23 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Sept. 30 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 7 6 Oct. 7 . . £9 2 6 £9 2 6 £10 2 6 Oct. 4 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Oct. 21 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Oct. 28 . . £9 0 0 £9 0 0 £10 0 0 Nov. 4 . . £8 12 6 £8 12 6 £9 10 0 Nov. 11 £8 15 0 £8 15 0 £9 15 0 Nov. 18 . £9 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Nov. 25 . £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 5 0 Dec. 2 . . £9 5 0 £9 5 0 £10 2 6 Dec. 9 . £S I 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Dec. 16 £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 2 6 Dec. 23 £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Dec. 30 £9 7 6 £9 7 6 £10 2 6 Jan. 6, ’39 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 10 0 Jan. 13 .. £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 7 6 Jan. 20 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Jan. 27 .. £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 5 0 Feb. 3 .. .. £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 10 0 Feb. 10 . . £9 7 6 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Feb. 17 .. £9 15 0 £10 0 0 £10 17 6 Feb. 24 .. £9 17 6 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 3 .. £10 0 0 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 Mar. 10 .

London Price on— £9 17 G £10 Rubber 2 6 Para, per lb. £11 0 0 Plantation Smoked, per lb.

January 6 1, 1933 4%d. .. 2.43d July 7 .. 5%d. .. 3.71d.

Pen Friends Wanted

In all parts of the world, especially in Pacific Islands and small countries. Exchange stamps, views, newspapers etc etc. Good active connections sought. All letters answered. Write: J. GLEESON, 8 Martin St., South Townsville, Queensland, Australia.

BACKACHE,

Leg Pains May

Be Banger Sign

Of Tired Kidneys How to Get Happy Relief.

If backache and leg pains are making you miserable, don’t just complain and do nothing about them. Nature may be warning you that your kidneys need flushing out.

The kidneys are the great filters of the blood. All day long the blood is Passing through the 15 miles of kidney tubes to be strained of acids and wastes. Healthy persons should pass 3 pints a day and so get rid of more than 3 pounds of waste matter.

When the kidney tubes become clogged, bladder passages are scanty, burning and smarting. The acids and wastes that should be passed out of the body, stay in the blood and become poisonous. This condition causes nagging backaches, leg pains, loss of pep and energy, getting up nights, lumbago, swollen feet and ankles, puffiness under the eyes, rheumatic pains and dizziness. n fuN’<s Don’t wait 1 Ask your chemist for DOAN b BACKACHE KIDNEY PILLS . . used successfully the world over by millions of people suffering with backache and other kidney disorders. They give quick relief and wHI help flush out the 15 miles )f k £ney SjSSt So be sure you get DOAN S BACKACHE KIDNEY PILLS.

Luxurious Comfort

This is a SCMt. Express Cruiser recently delivered to Mr. R. S. Harden, of Sydney.

Powered with a pair of 145 h.p. Chrysler Majestic motors giving a speed of 21 m.p.h., "Penelope" embodies luxurious comfort with speed and smart streamlined appearance.

For all types of boats please enquire from LARS HALVORSEN SONS PTY. LTD.

DESIGNERS BUILDERS ENGINEERS.

Morris Marine Motors. NEUTRAL BAY, SYDNEY. Chrysler Marine Motors. ’Phones: XA 1035 & XA 1036.

The New Guinea Executive Council accepted the report of the Committee regarding relief to mortgagors, and legislation, by which it was proposed to give such relief, will now not be proceeded with. A statement in our February issue, that the report had been rejected, was not correct. 71 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

Buying. Selling. £ s. d. £ s. d Telegraphic transfer .... 110 15 0 112 0 0 On demand 110 12 6 111 17 6 Francs to £ Australia on Papeete.

Australian Average for week ended 20/2/39 .. .. .. 136.65 Average for week ended 27/2/39 .. . . . . 138.67 Average for week ended 6/3/39 .. .. .. 138.60 Average for \feek ended 13/3/39 .. .. .. 138.38 Ship Chandlery Hardware /Write for j Ship Chandlery / Catalogue. J Catalog Special “In Bond” Prices for all Islands enquiries quoted on application.

Broomfield'S Limited

152 SUSSEX STREET :: SYDNEY.

Cables “Boom”, Sydney.

Large and Complete Stocks of

Ship Chandlery

IRONMONGERY OF ALL KINDS, PAINTS, WHITE LEAD AND OILS.

Sole Agents for: P. H. MUNTZ & CO.’S 3-CROWN BRAND METAL SHEATHING.

PEACOCK & BUCHANS’ ENGLISH READY-MIXED PAINTS.

Norddeutscher Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong—New Guinea—British Solomon Islands Service.

Regular Sailings By

S.S. “FRIDERUN.”

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets issued to all parts of the world.

For further particulars apply to MELCHERS & CO., General Agents, P. 0.8., 423. Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO., N.D.L. Agents, Rabaul, New Guinea.

GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney.

Scott’s “Renown” Brand Rope, Cordage and Binder Twine Cable Address: Ropeyard, Sydney. ■>of Every Description

Manufactured At

MASCOT, N.S.W.

By J. SCOTT PTY. LTD.

Head Office and Store: 163 CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Huon Pine Boat Planks Practically Borer Proof and Everlasting, also Spotted Sum Timbers —Prices Right. * /-» p MO Miller St M v. i ry©T Pyrmont, N.S.W.

Islands Produce

[Copyright by “Pacific Islands Monthly”.] Coffee THE following quotations were obtained in Sydney in mid-March:— Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f,, prompt shipment, Sydney: Quote No. 1: 24/- per cwt. (March shipment); quote No. 2: 20/- per cwt.

Kenya, f.a.q.. immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.—No. 1 quotations: (New season prompt shipment)—Grade “A”, 60/-; grade B'. 58, 6, grade “C”, 55/-; Triage, 39/-. No. 2 quotations: Grade “A”: New season's supplies are not yet available. Last quote was 60/-; grade “B”, new season, 56/-; grade “C”, new season not yet available —last quote, 53/-; Triage, 40/- (drought coffee), No. 3 quotations: Grade “B”, 54/-; grade “C”, 48/-.

Mysore, f.a.q., March-April shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. No. 1 quotations; Grade “A”, 61/-; grade “B”, 53/-. No. 2 quotations: Grade “ A ”, 59/-; grade “B”, 53/6; Triage, 51/-.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney—No. 1 quotation, July- Aug. shipment: 66/- per cwt. No. 2 quotation, 67/- per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges; Exchange duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent.), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the f-i f - official prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid-March were: Average Java, 7 27-32 d. per lb., and Prime Japara, 7 7-16 d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1; Cocoa beans. £3O per ton.

Quote No. 2: New Guinea cocoa £26-28 per ton.

Quote No. 3: Accra, good fermented, March shipment, £22 per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Cotton London c.i.f. cotton prices during the month were; February 17, 4.83 d. lb., March shipment; February 24, 4.86 d. lb., March shipment; March 3,4.96 d. lb., March shipment; March 10, 5.05 d. per lb., April shipment.

Ivory Nuts No. 1 quotation: £6 per ton, f.o.b.

No. 2 quotation: £7 per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Quotations nominal.

Rice Rangoon rice: packed in 100 lb. bags, £l2/ 10/- per ton; 200 lb. sacks, £l2/5/- per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 56 lb. bags, £lB per ton.

Trochus Shell Owing to Japan’s restrictions on overseas credits, there have been no sales for some time.

Quotations are nominal. (a) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £69 Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £6O Trochus shell, No. 3 grade £44 (b) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £7O Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £6O Trochus shell, No. 3 grade £45 All quotes are f.0.b., and on the Australian £.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, good quality, was quoted nominally by Sydney buyers in mid-March at £5O per ton.

Exchange Rates [Copyright by “Pacific Islands Monthly”.] THE following exchange quotations, gathered in Sydney, show the rates existing in mid-March:— FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying £Alll/2/6, selling £AII3.

Flji-London on basis £lOO London: —

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

Bank Op New South Wales

in Australia.

Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian Average for week ended 20/2/39 . .

Average for week ended 27/2/39 . . . . .. 138.52 Average for week ended 6/3/39 ..

Average for week ended 13/3/39 . . . . .. 138.43 Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £ 125 0 0 On Demand £123 0 0 124 17 6 30 days 122 15 0 124 15 0 60 days 122 10 0 124 12 G 90 days 122 5 0 124 10 0 120 days 122 0 0 124 7 6 Monterey.

Mariposa.

Monterey.

Honolulu Apr 3 May 1 May 29 Pago Pago ..

Apr. 8 May 6 June 3 Suva Apr. 11 May 9 June 6 Auckland ...

Apr. 14 May 12 June 9 Sydney Apr. 17 May 15 June 12 Melbourne ..

A. 21-24 M. 19-22 J. 16- 19 Sydney Apr. 28 May 26 June 23 Auckland May 1 May 29 June 26 Suva May 4 June 1 June 29 Pago Pago ..

May 5 June 2 June 30 Honolulu May 10 June 7 July 5 Aorangl.

Niagara.

Aorangi.

Honolulu ....

Mar. 22 Apr. 19 May 17 Suva Mar. 31 Apr. 28 May 26 Auckland Apr. 3-4 May 1-2 M. 29-30 Sydney • Apr. 8 May 6 June 3 Sydney, dep. .

Apr. 13 May 11 June 8 Auckland ...

A. 17-18 M. 15-16 J. 12-13 Suva Apr. 21 May 19 June 16 Honolulu ....

Apr. 28 May 26 June 23 UNION S.S. CO.

LTD., Agents.

Eridan. Sagittaire. D’Amiens.

Papeete Apr. 8-9 M. 21-22 J. 2-3 Suva (opt.) . Apr. 17 May 29 — Vila Apr. 19 May 31 July 12 Noumea A. 21-29 June 2-9 J. 14-21 Vila ... Mav 2 June 12 July 24 Raiatea May 9 June 19 July 31 Papeete M.10-12 J.20-22 A. 1-3 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO. LTD.. A R cnts.

Nankin.

Nellore.

Tanda.

Hong Kong Apr 1 May 5 June 3 Manila Apr. 4 May 8 June 6 Rabaul Apr. 12 May 16 June 14 Brisbane ..

Apr. 18 May 22 June 20 Sydney Apr. 20 May 24 June 22 Melbourne .

A. 24-M. 3 M. 29-J. 3 J. 26-Jy. 5 Hobart May 5 June 5 July 7 Newcastle ..

May 8 June 8 July 10 Sydney, dep, May 13 June 14 July 15 Brisbane ...

May 15 June 16 July 17 Rabaul May 21 June 22 July 23 Manila May 30 July 1 Aug. 1 Hong Kong June 2 July 4 Aug. 4 E. & A.

STEAMSHIP CO. LTD., Agents.

POWER and SPEED with ATLAS-IMPERIAL DIESELS THIS new work-boat, designed and built by Holmes & Co. for the Water Conservation and Irrigation Commission of N.S.W. is powered with a 60 h.p. Atlas-Imperial Diesel. She will be used for towing punts and tug work at Burrinjuck Dam.

The choice of an Atlas-Imperial Diesel by the Commission is a fitting tribute to the dependable, continuous, economical service these diesels have delivered to tug boat operators everywhere.

Atlas-Imperial Diesels with ten or fifteen years service behind them are still as efficient as when installed. Showing no appreciable signs of wear, they have many years of profitable operation before them.

There is a complete range of Atlas-Imperials, marine and stationary, from 20 to 525 h.p., at 275 to 950 r.p.m., 2 to 8 cylinders.

Whether you are considering a new work-boat, passenger launch or pleasure cruiser or re-powering your present boat, Holmes & Co. will gladly give you the facts about operating costs and help to solve the power and constructional problems of your boat.

Write for full information and specifications, to-day.

W. L. HOLMES & CO., Boat Builders and Engineers, McMahon's Pt., Sydney.

Australian Agents for Atlas-Imperial Diesels, Gray Marine Motors, Gray Diesels, Atlantic Diesels, R.N. Diesels, and Austin Marine Engines.

NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Pt. Moresby 10/- per cent.; on Rabaul 10/- per cent.—Other New Guinea districts £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London:— Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia on Papua 10/- per cent, premium each way. equivalent to commission of 10/- per cent.; Australia on Rabaul 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London: Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney, are on basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less 3 A per cent, (approx.) either way.

As quoted by the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris, in Sydney, and the Banque de ITndochine, Noumea. On March 13, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 140.75 francs, £lOO Australian would purchase a draft in Noumea of 13,975 francs.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa—buying £AIOO, selling £AIOO/10/-.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £ 100 in London:— Shipping Services in the Pacific Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Samoa - Hawaii Subject to alteration without Notice OCEANIC STEAMSHIP CO., MATSON LINE.

Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Hawaii Subject to alteration without notice.

Sydney — Noumea — Tahiti Service Mails and passengers from Sydney for Tahiti may connect with Messageries Mantimes liners at Noumea, per Pierre Loti (see Sydney-Noumea- New Hebrides service). The M.M. liners run between Marseilles and Noumea, via Panama Canal.

Sydney Rabaul Hong Kong 73 Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939

Sydney ....

Brisbane ..

Townsville Bulolo.

Mar. 18 Macdhui.

Apr. 6 Apr. 8 Apr. 11 Apr. 12 Apr. 14 Api. 15 A. 17-18 Apr. 19 Bulolo.

Apr. 26 Apr. 28 Cairns Pt. Moresby Samarai . ..

Rabaul Kavieng ...

Lindenhafen Salamaua t VTar. 24 Mar. 25 Mar. 29 I. 30-31 May 2 May 3 May 5-6 May 7 Lae s ■ A. 20-21 M. 8-9 Madang Alexishafen, Wewak \ Opt. \pr. 1 pr. 1 pr. 2-3 Apr. 22 Apr. 22 May 10 May 10 Boram ( • • • • A. 23-24 May 11 Madang . . .

Pinschafen, Salamaua Kavieng ...

Pondo Opt.

Apr. 4 Apr. 5 Apr. 6-7 Apr. 25 Apr. 26 Apr. 26 May 12 May 13 M. 14-15 Rabaul . .. .

Salamaua Samarai . ..

Pt. Moresby Cairns Brisbane ...

Sydney Apr. 8 Apr. 9 Apr. 11 . Apr. 12 Apr. 1C Apr. 18 Apr. 29 May 1 May 2 May 4 May 7 May 9 May 16 May 17 May 19 May 20 May 24 May 26 M.V.

Salamaua S.S.

Suva.

London — London Apr. 19 Rabaul Mar. 28 Panama . . . .Mav 7 London June 11 Apia M.V. Rabaul.

Suva 31 London Apr. 17 Rabaul 12 Rabaul Aug. 6 Capetown London Oct. 25 London Aug. 13 M.V. Matua.

Auckland Mar. 28 Apr. 18 May 4 Rarotonga .. Apr. 1 Apr. 22 — Outer Islands — A. 23-26 — Rarotonga . — Apr. 27 — Nukualofa . . Apr. 5 — M. 7-8 Apia A. 6-7 — M. 9-10 Suva A. 10-11 May 13 Auckland ... Apr. 14 May 2 May 16 Sydney June 24 Aug. 5 Brisbane 15 June 26 Aug. 7 Townsville 18 June 29 Aug. 10 cairns 19 June 30 Aug. 11 Tulagl . ) Makambo ( ( 0/1 July 4-5 Gavutu 1 A. la-io Domma ) Su’u May 25 July 6 Aug. 17 Tasavarong Mamara Aruligo — Aug. 18 Lavoro .

Mamara •• 'I _ July 7 Tasavarong .

Aruligo .

July 8 Hivo ..

Yandina Banika Ufa ...

Paiaml July 9 Aug. 19 Younger Pepesala Lingatu 1 . no Aug. 20 West Bay ay Zo — Somata Gizo ...

July 10 Aug.

Aug. 21 Paisi July 11 22 Kieta ..

July 11 Aug. 22 Arigua Numa Numa 1 May 31 July 12 Aug. 23 Teopasino ..

Soraken . ...

June i July 13 Aug. 24 Rabaul ..

June 2-3 J. 14-15 A. 25-26 Soraken June 4 July 16 Aug. 27 Kieta ..

June 5 July 17 Aug. 28 Paisi ...

June 6 July 18 Aug. 29 Gizo .. } Tetipari J 7 July 19 Aug. 30 Russell Is. .. 8 July 20 Aug. 31 Gavutu Makambo > J. 9-10 J. 21-22 Sept. 1-2 Brisbane 15 July 27 Sept. 7 Sydney .. 17 July 29 Sept. 9

Visitors From The

PACIFIC ISLANDS -will enjoy every comfort and attention at ORIANA

Sydney'S Private

Hotel De Luxe

50-58 MACLEAY ST.

Potts Point

Accommodation 150 Guests, 5 minutes. City.

Extensive Lounges, Card Room, Smoking Rooms, Billiards Room, Dance Floor, Garages. Tariff: Inclusive, from £3/3/- WEEKLY.

Telegraphic Address: “Orianaotel”, Sydney. Telephones: F 1095, F 1596, \\hen friemls drop in for a chat. m Ji \ X Y OU can be the perfect host if there’s always a bottle of Dewar’s on hand. Its alluring mellowness and ripe old age never fail to please the most discriminating tastes.

DEWAR’S 1/lb scotch whisky Sydney - Papua - New Guinea BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Europe - Suva - N.Z. - Sydney New Guinea Subject to alteration without notice.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. LTD.

Central Pacific Services The cargo vessel “Talton” will depart from Sydney on March 27 (approximately) for Suva and Lautoka (Fiji), Papeete (Tahiti), and then on to North American ports. She will carry a limited number of passengers in addition to mails and general cargo. The next vessel from Sydney will be the cargo vessel “Limerick” (8,724 tons), which will depart for Fiji, French Oceania, and North American ports early in May.

UNION STEAM SHIP CO. LTD.

Sydney - Solomon Islands New Guinea Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Malalta.

BURNS, PHILP AND CO. LTD., AGENTS.

Solomon Is. Inter-Island A.S. Maanutu, 200 tons (Burns Philp (South Seas) Co. Ltd.), operates through the Group.

She has cargo capacity for 120 tons of copra. 74 March 15, 1 939—Pacific Islands Monthly

S.S. Morinda Svdney Mar. 18 Apr. 29 May 11 Lord Howe Mar. 20 May 1 May 13 Norfolk Is. .

Mar. 22 May 3 May 15 Vila — — M. 18-19 Bushman’s B. — — May 20 Malo Tangoa Segond ) May 20 Aoba — — May 21 Hog Har. ... — — May 22 Norfolk Is. ..

Mar. 23 May 4 May 25 Lord Howe ..

Mar 25 May 6 May 27 Sydney Mar. 27 May 8 May 30 S.S. Friderun.

Hong Kong .

May 2 June 19 Aug. 7 Madang . May 13 June 30 Aug. 18 Salamaua .. . May 15 July 2 Aug. 20 Tulagi . M. 20-22 J. 7-9 A. 25-27 Rabaul . M. 25-30 J. 12-17 A. 30-S. 5 Lorengau ...

June 1 July 19 Sept. 7 Hong Kong June 12 July 30 Sept. 18 M.V. Neptuna.

Sydney M. 22-25 M. 26-31 Aug. 2-5 Salamaua ...

Apr. 1 June 7 Aug. 12 Rabaul Apr. 3 June 9 Aug. 14 Cebu (opt.) .

Apr. 10 June 16 Aug. 21 Manila Apr. 13 June 19 Aug. 24 Hong Kong .

A. 15-19 J. 21-25 A.26-30 Saigon Apr. 25 July 1 Sept. 5 Madang May 6 July 12 Sept. 16 Salamaua ...

May 9 July 15 Sept. 19 Rabaul May 12 July 18 Sept. 22 Sydney M. 19-20 July 25 S. 29-30 Melbourne .. . M. 22-24 July 28 Oct. 2-4 Saigon Tasman.

Apr. 13 Maetsuycker.

May 17 Tasman.

June 14 Singapore ...

A. 15-16 M. 19-20 J. 16-17 Batavia A. 18-19 M. 22-24 J. 19-21 Samarang ...

Apr 20 May 25 June 22 Sourabaya ...

Apr. 21 May 26 June 23 Pt. Moresby .

Apr. 28 June 2 June 30 Samarai Apr. 29 — July 1 Salamaua ...

May 1 — July 3 Rabaul May 3-4 — J. 5-6 Vila — June 6 — Noumea — June 7-9 — Auckland May 11 June 12 July 13 Wellington ..

May 17 June 17 July 19 Sydney M.22-24 J. 21-23 J. 24-26 Pt. Moresby .

May 29 June 28 July 31 Sourabaya ...

June 5 July 5 Aug. 7 Samarang ...

June 6 July 6 Aug. 8 Batavia June 7-9 July 7-10 A. 9-11 Singapore ...

June 11 July 12 Aug. 13 Saigon . June 13 July 14 Aug. 15

Royal Packet Navigation

CO. LTD.

M.V. Maui Pomare.

Wellington . Mar. 21 Apr. 18 May 16 Apia ..... .... M. 28-30 A. 25-27 M. 23-25 Niue Apr. 1 Apr. 29 May 27 Lyttelton ... A. 10-12 May 8-9 J. 5-7 Wellington .. Apr. 13 May 10 June 8 Sydney Pierre Mar. 25 Loti.

June 3 June 29 Noumea ... . M. 29-31 J. 7-8 Jly. 3-4 Mare — June 9 July 5 Vila . Apr. 1 June 10 July 6 Luganville .. . Apr. 2 June 11 July 7 Le Dart ... . Apr. 3 J. 12-13 J. 8-9 Norsup — June 13 Jhly 9 Saigon . A. 16-18 — — Haiphong ... , A. 21-24 — — Zamboanga .

A. 29-30 — — Luganville . . May 11 — — Le Dart , May 12 — — Vila . M. 13-14 J. 14-15 J. 10-11 Mare — June 16 July 12 Noumea M. 15-18 J. 17-18 J. 13-14 Sydney , May 22 June 22 July 18 MESSAGERIES MAKITIMES CO., Agents.

For TROPICAL FEVERS Malaria and other forms of tropical fevers are quickly and safely relieved by Genuine Vincent’s A.P.C. tablets or powders. The action of Vincent’s is to reduce fever and bring about a refreshing, healthful relaxation of the nerves.

Also for the prevention of fevers, Vincent’s A.P.C. has been tested and proved in hot countries oyer many years. You can take Vincent’s regularly and frequently for unlimited periods without any harmful effects whatever. Vincent’s A.P.C. do not affect the heart.

Use Genuine Vincent’s A.P.C.’s freely and safely for the relief of all nerve and muscular pains. They are definitely superior, their formula having been originated by the Medical Superintendent and Chief Dispenser of Australia’s largest public hospital.

FOR SAFETY’S SAKE. SAY “VINCENT’S”.

PAI MS 7 MASTER POWDERS t TABLETS I/* AND 2/4.

SINGLES 2d. eo MODERN For Home, Office, (SYDNEY] j EQUIPMENT Store or Factory For Electrical and Radio Equipment you cannot do better than place your inquiries with Noyes Bros.

Crompton Coiled Coil and Single Coil Lamps . . .

Kriesler All Electric and Battery-operated Radio . . .

Ferranti Meters and Transformers . . . Household Electric Appliances . . . Rodgers Cutlery . . . Perfection Silverware . . . Electrical Fittings . .

Crompton Fans for home, office, store and factory . . .

Callender Wires, Cables and Flexibles for indoor and outdoor installations . . Seyon Floodlighting Equipment for tennis courts, etc.

NOYES BROS. (Sydney) LTD. 115 CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY. 11 Watt Street, Newcastle. 197 Elizabeth Street, Brisbane.

Sydney Norfolk Is.

New Hebrides Subject to alteration without notice.

BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Hong Kong - New Guinea - Solomon Islands Subject to alteration without notice, S.S. Friderun (cabin, third-class and deck passengers) runs from Hong Kong to New Guinea and Solomon Islands ports. In th« Solomons she calls at Tulagi, Here, Fulakora and Meringe.

GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, AGENTS.

Sydney - New Guinea - Hong Kong BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Saigon - Java South Seas - N.Z. - Sydney Subject to alteration without notice.

N. Zealand—Samoa—Niue Subject to alteration without notice.

The New Zealand Government’s steamer Maui Pomare (1,159 tons) is the only direct connection between N.Z., the Mandated' Territory of Western Samoa and Niue Island.

The vessel, which carries mails, passengers, and cargo, is controlled by the Department of External Affairs at Wellington, where application should be made concerning freights, berths, etc.

Sydney - Noumea - New Hebrides Indochina Nauru - Ocean Island Ships are despatched by the British Phosphate Commissioners from Melbourne (Victoria) two or three times monthly, and from Auckland (New Zealand) irregularly, according to the requirements of the phosphate trade.

The steamer “Washington” (11,000 built in 1929 and owned by the Trans-Atlantic Company, has been bought by Messageries Maritimes Company for service on the Marseilles-New Caledonia run. 75 Pacific Islands Monthl y —M arch 15, 1939

Money Transfers

Beam Wireless

Elegraph Or Airmail

When you require funds transmitted to any part of Australia or to any country in the world, the Bank of New South Wales will arrange the transfer promptly and at lowest current rates. Experienced officers of the Bank will advise you about the quickest and most suitable methods of remitting money.

BANK OF

New South Wales

Over 900 branches and agencies at your service throughout Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands.

Hotel Moresby

Where To Stay In Port Moresby

>• * NEAR THE $ WHARF MODERN ACCOMMODATION

Only The Best

BRANDS OF

Wines, Spirits

AND BEERS IN STOCK.

LICENSEE: Hotel Moresby Ltd.

The PAPUA HOTEL Catering specially for Tourists and Travellers.

Licensee: Papua Hotel, Ltd.

First-class Accommodation. Parties Arranged.

Situated on high ground overlooking both coasts, its Spacious Lounges are always Cool and comfortable . . . Cars meet all Steamers.

Phillips, Kennedy, Purchell Theckston, Osborne, Smith, Ord, Clayton, McKay, Hides, Topping, Hunter, Ferries, Soderman, Dudley, Edney, Sweetman Osborne, Crisp, Cameron, Miller, Shields, Field, Paolini, Strathearn Milne, Young, Maguire, Grant, O’Connor, Everett, Johnson, Robinson Garwood, Spence, Buzzachi; Judge Phillips; Rev.

Dixon, Rev. Clarke. Mesdames Smallwood, Clay, Hilder, Day, Burns, Hartley, Wardrop, Speedie, Horton, Turner, Batze, Thomas, Pyke, Trenchard, Skelly, Theckston, Taylor, Hayes, Brennan, Gil- A „ l i sten ’ Hoile - Perries, Dixon, McDonald.

Wiihs, Maguire. Misses Rudd, Kirby, Hawkes, Major, Wheelan, Adams, Goldberg. Hayes Brennan, Wombell, Mill; Sister Irwin.

RRR A^^, INER TO NG - ON FEB - 28: Messrs.

Burke, McConnon, Hitchcock. Probert, Bentzinger, Marbelli, Condon, Neal, Allen, Haling Miss Lloydell.

PER AIRLINER FROM N.G. ON MARCH 3- » T Challis, Haling, Neal, Anderson, Ongley, Laidley-Cay, Yaincey. Mrs. Mills.

Per Airliner To N.G. On March 7

Messrs. Murray, Howard.

MARPTf" B Q ULO u°” FROM PAPUA & N.G. ON MARCH 9. Messrs Bailey, Bishton, Browne Beattie, Bullock, Brown. Blakey, Bennett Cole- „Ca^l?«,?°UttS - Edwards ElwyJ, Garden, Griffiths, Giblin, Hodgekiss, Hill. Harris Kalbfen’ Joubert ’ Johnstone, Keenan] Kalbfell, Keogh, Lewis, Lang, Loundon, MaxweU Mamwarmg, McLaren, Moloney, Orr, Page Pack' f ay ’ Ross ’ sherr y- Stengel, Shellab’ear, fhomps ™’ Walshe ’ Wild, Woods, Wilkie, Clark M ° ore , (2). Mesdames Bishton. Coleman T^nii IS, r C 1 k ’ Donaldson . Fryer, Healy, Irving’

S ’ McCar thy, Maxwell, Main waring, Marsnail, Moore, Perkins, Ray, Ross Tait Kin°rf S ’ w Va f d ’ Misses Bennett, Boag, Cooper Schwabe d ’ Kmg ’ Lynn ’ Maye ’ Sha rpe! « “™ RINDA ” FROM LORD HOWE NI tnv N 'if k R ° ES ° N MARCH 9 ; Messrs. Adam' Johnson p i ? Urn ° o’ ° leary ’ Dumon t, Grieve] Johnson. Pilcher, Sanders, Attwater Barton Brown, Bradshaw, Curlewis, Clough, Davies Duncan Fenton, Hall, Hines, Hopping Lawton Marks, Mear, Miller, Morris, Moody, NoU OMiihoncy, Roxburgh, Scott, Valkenburgh Williamson Woodforth. Young, Jaede (2? Jones (2). Mesdames Joy, Dumont, Johnson Kane R^ nken - Attwater, Bradshaw. Curlewis’

Davis, Douglas, Gateman, Jaede (2) Jones Tnu-ton, Watson-Mason, Marks, Mear, Patterson Rox fZl h ’ | COU ’ Yalkenburgh, Williamson Wood - Misses Gall, Mordin, Quintal f“ per ’ Appleton, Arnold, Bartlett, Baird Bellamy Carberry, Croft, Douglas, Downs Fisher Saf,n ng \. HaSkil1 ’ Hudson ’ King, Lewiri, Uoyd Watson-Mason. McKinnon, Morell Mudge Retmock - R odgers, McKenzie, SherSl' Spnngett, Warren, Wilson. mlrch “^ PT S NA ” PROM NG ‘ FORTS ON Rpr p h SS f S ‘ T Barnett > Ditton, Gaude, fnf GrSh, h S ’ Johnson, Richards, Browning, Griffiths, Hann, Esson, Baker Dickson Mesdn Dillon ’ In g ran i- Pulla’r, Savage’

Mesdames Ditton, Ker, Richards, Hawnt, Thom: Savage 85011 ’ Colquhoun ’ White, Evenson, PER ‘ NIAGARA” FROM FIJI ON MARCH 11f 2 i SS Griffl h n s . Dent ’ Farquhar Grtnward Ousev G ’ Bardaker - Hopkins, Morison .2*.

Woodvatt R Whii Bllo^ ll ’ Seymour ’ Whiteman, woodyatt. White, Zilman (2), Caten Huntlev Frv Se Smi S : T a ™ blyn ’ Walker. Makan Hanak Frj, Greer, Michaels, Talbot, Turner. Mesdame4 Allen, Angermunde, Barber. Dent Harwood Hon wSody^ rl5 Wha I i I f artln -v OUSey - Himfidn t ■ Y harton - Young, Zellman, Clark Huntley, Lindsay, Smith. Misses Harwood Mar low Morison, Rea (2), Aspinall. Zillman Bradlev' Caldwell. Mother Chanel. -Bradley, Me P JS A SS? R RROM N - G - ON MARCH 11: Sinclair, CaSeJ Saunders - Eentzinger.

PE R AIRLINER FOR N.G. ON MARCH 14- Messrs. Gray, Greenham, Buckeridge Mowbrav Mesdames Hore-Lacy, Foley. Miss Taylor. y " ig ’ an old identity o£ Fiji, died at Tailevu on February 23 ? orR 75 l ears ag0 ’ she s P ent some time PoJm Guinea and other parts of the Lodoni, TaSevu y Settling down at

Storm Disturbs Banana

SUPPLIES AS a result of the severe storms which swept Vlti Levu, in the Fiji Group, at the end of January, and early in February. Fiji has not been able to export to New Zealand her usual quota of bananas. From about February 14 to February 22. the shortage of bananas in New Zealand was so acute that prices rose to 6d. per pound.

Additional supplies of bananas soon reached New Zealand from Samoa, the Cook Islands and Tonga, so that what has been Fiji's severe loss has been a welcome gain for the other territories.

Mr. C. Branster, S.D.A. missionary, Fiji, reached Sydney in February, on leave. 76 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

Pacific Travellers

(Continued From Page 1.)

A UXH mi The Development of the Territory is linked up with GUINEA AIRWAYS $ AIR TRANSPORT is responsible for New Guinea's rapid progress.

GUINEA AIRWAYS —the pioneer Air Transport Company in New Guinea —has carried an aggregate of 63,619 passengers and 44,000 tons of cargo by air in the past ten years.

GUINEA AIRWAYS is the largest freight-carrying service in the world.

Every type of goods can be carried—with speed and safety —by Guinea Airways.

GUINEA AIRWAYS LIMITED operate regular air services in New Guinea and Papua. They use over fifty aerodromes and landing grounds in the two Territories.

GUINEA AIRWAYS PLANES depart from Port Moresby for the Goldfield on the arrival of each boat. Tickets are obtainable from the Purser.

Insist on flying with the pioneer Company both in New Guinea and in Australia, Australian Services:

Ask For Particulars Regarding The

REGULAR ADEL AIDE-DARWIN SERVICE.

LIMITED

Lae-Sal A Mali A

Head Office: Austral Chambers, New Guinea Office: Lae, Currie Street, Adelaide, S.A. Mandated Territory of New Guinea BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU— SALAMAUA—PORT MORESBY AND SYDNEY.

Z 7 ™ UIM 9 March 15, 193 9—P acific Islands Monthly

'A SCH & ft* H* p!L> / r* y f/

Welcome Cargo

9 r->j\ n \ 0\ E ■ M ry PILSENER C*» fv, £ uW ♦ / A P1u.27 «5x !l*cir / ** -<r ,L *fN? wifi 4 > SSS $ pi m **S C H P >U "Lower away” —and what a welcome cargo it is!

Resets Pilsener—in the famous long bottle—the drink which eases the white man’s burden!

Call for a bottle to-night and relish its malt and hop flavour.

RESCH’S

Long Bottle

Pacific Islands Monthl y—M arch 15, 1939