PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly Vol. VIII. No. 5.

December 21, 1937 jyfceaisJMecf at the G.P.0., Sydney for transmission by post as a newspaper) 8 d AN AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH OF SALAMAUA which, it is suggested, may be the future administrative centre of New Guinea. The picture shows— M Kila Point, across the harbour from Salamaua. for steamers 3: Probable site of new, deepwafer wharves. 4: Cape Parsee, af the end of the precipitous, wooded promontory. 5, 6 : The narrow Salamaua isthmus, along which the town is built. 7: Mouth of Francisco river. 8: The aerodrome (about two miles from the town).

PROGRESS!

New Air-Mail Service, Sydney-Rabaul.

New Aerial Transport - Co. on N. Guinea goldfield.

New Line of Freighters, direct from Pacific to Europe. % r 4 *m \ w The new lb-passenger British Avro Aeroplane which recent y entered the New Guinea services of Mandated Airlines Ltd.

Mandated Airlines

LTD.

Mandated airlines LTD. (established in New Guinea in 1934 as Carpenter Airways) now employ a fleet of Modern Aeroplanes (British - built, engined and manned) and carry a Large Proportion of the Freight and Passengers between the port of Salamaua and ihe New Guinea goldfields centres.

SOME of the history of Australian Development in the South Seas may be seen in the Progress of the 100-Per- Cent-Australian firm of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd. In addition to establishing Stores, Trading Stations and Plantations all over New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and extending Its Trading Activities to Fiji and the Gilbert and Ellice Colony, the firm has recently provided the following Public Utilities:— MADE a contract with the Australian Federal Government for a weekly Air-Mail Service between Sydney and Rabaul, to be carried on with the most modern British-built aeroplanes.

ESTABLISHED a Line of Modern Freighters W. R. C. LINE TWO Twin-screw motor-vessels, namely, M.V. RABAUL (5600 tons) and M.V.

SALAMAUA (6754 tons), carry on a Regular Freight and Passenger Service, between European and Australian Ports , with Scheduled Calls at Suva, Rabaul, and Salamaua (with calls at other New Guinea ports as required), about every ten weeks.

Calls at Solomon Islands, Gilbert Islands, and Fiji ports made as required. A new Steamer, 9,500 tons, for this service, has been ordered.

There is comfortable accommodation for a limited number of saloon passengers on these Vessels, at special rates; but early application for Berths is recommended.

Details of Freight Rates, Passenger Fares, Timetables, etc., supplied on application at any of our Branches.

W. R. CAR which run regularly between Pacific Islands and European ports.

ORGANISED AND EQUIPPED an Aerial Transport Service for Mails, Freight and Passengers between Salamaua, Port Moresby and the New Guinea goldfields centres.

PROVIDED an Inter-Island Shipping Service In New Guinea, through the construction of three motor-vessels in Australia, by Australian workmen, and the purchase of the Australian coastal steamer "Coombar."

The Twin-screw Motorship “Salamaua,” 6754 Tonsl

Renter & Co. Ltd

Merchants and Shipowners Agents for Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise : : Complete Range of all Stocks Carried Head Office: 19-21 O'CONNELL STREET. SYDNEY Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain), KAVIENG (New Ireland), MADANG (New Guinea), SALAMAUA. WAU, BUT (New Guinea), TULAGI (Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands: and in LONDON.

Buyers and Shippers of: Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

JEE •V i S 3 i mm i : V & Saigon Diethelm & Co: Port Moresby and Samarai. Steamships Trading Co Ltd: Rabaul. W R Carpenter & Co Ltd: Port Vila Gubbay Freres-. Noumea. Carlo Leoni; Auckland. Russell & Somers Ltd; Wellington Johnston & Co ltd i 1 it on your way to AUSTRALIA On your way to, Australia visit Auckland and Wellington ... or plan a more leisurely stay visiting the scenic wonders of New Zealand . . . magnificent fjords . . . wild, icecapped mountains . . . hot springs and spouting geysers.

Sal! by the splendid new motor vessel Maetsuycker or the tourist steamer Swartenhondt.

These fast K.P.M. vessels maintain e regular monthly schedule from South Pacific Island ports; provide new direct travel facilities to New Zealand of exceptional comfort at economical fares.

M.V. MAETSUYCKER SOUTH P A C HP. M.

Details of sailings from your local agent.

S.S. SWARTENHONDT I F I C LINE Royal Packet Navigation Co. ltd. Paketvaart House. 255 George Street. Sydney. (N.V. Konmklijke Paketvaart Maatschapplj—lncorporated in the, Natlierlands)

Pacific Islands Travellers

Passengers Per Aorangi Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR SUVA. FIJI, ON NOVEMBER 25: Mrs. H. Bogle. Misses J.

M. and O S. Bogle J r Orel*. Master I). Lvons, Miss B Sherwood. J. B Thompson, Miss Z. I.

Bury. L. Browne, W. E. Berry, Miss BL L.

Chapman, A. P. George, W. H. Hazard, K. F. L.

Kennedy, Mrs. F. E. Maguire, N. T. Winton- Brown, Mr. and Mrs. Kelinio, A. Sheaves, A.

Smothey.

Passengers Per Maetsuycker Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR PT. MORESBY, PAPUA, ON NOVEMBER 27: A. T. Bullinaria, F. De Haselle, G. O. Higgins, P. E. Lilienthal, D. Marchant, T. J. McFarlane, W. T. Panton, H. W. Wellman, Miss P. Waldby, Master J.

Waldby.

Passengers Per Nellore Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR RABAUL, N.G'., ON DECEMBER 11: Messrs. Dee. Scobie, O’Dwver Evans Tavlor Brewster Clancy u uwyer, _CAan.s, xayior, crewster, Black, Stanfield, Lewis, Kerr, Edwards. Mesdames Scobie. Evans. Hutchinson. Gilmore. Page, Gregson, Sturgeon. Stanfield, Taylor, Dwyer.

Thomas. Misses Norton, Twycross, Allen, Moore (2). Stevens (2), Smith (2). Martin. Masters Hope, Kiong. Melrose. Mocatta, Wee. Father Meyer, Brothers Zumkley and Siemes.

PASSENGERS PER MORINDA WHICH AR- RIVED IN SYDNEY FROM LORD HOWE IS..

Norfolk Is.. And New Hebrides On

NOVEMBER 30: Messrs. Bardsley Byrne. Barrett. Boxalh Brackenreg. Dignam.

Donnelley. Forsyth. George, Healy. Holt, Johnson, Kessell, Lawson, Lane, Lee,: Leebold, Lewis, Lovett, Lucas, Maclntoch, McPhee, Mullen, Me- Cornish, Newberry, Peterich, Robinson, Teall, Tindale, Whitfield, Wood. Mesdames Byrne, Bardsley, Dignam, Forsyth, Hill, Holt. Kirby, Lane, Lewis, McComish, Maclntoch, Mullen, Nicholson, Robinson. Scott, Singleton! Tindale, Teall. Misses Crabbe, Cunningham, Davies, Ellis (2), Finley (2), Firth, Freeman, Fagan, G'arratt, Hines, Kennedy, Kavanagh, Manton, Nicholson, Rowlands, Rootton, Sinclair. Walker-Smith, Sutton.

MnNTnpn w „ PASSENGERS PER MONTORO WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From N.G. And Papua

Tv«?r'i?Ti/rTJir'o q. t-,. „ ON DECEMBER 3. Messrs. Chater. Ellson.

Karen Green Lumley, Morton, O Niel, Smith (2). Stevens. Whittaker Zoffmann, Cook Goddard, Heapy, Littlechild, Moony. Mclntyre.

Speedie, Sly. Wood, Andrew. Browne, Baker.

Braithwaite, Brechin. Campbell. Donovan. Edwards, Fulton, French, Finnic, Gorman, Gibson, Henderson, McLaren Kerr, Miles, Mason, Mc- Micking, McCarthy, Mullaly, Nelson, Nesbitt, Osborne, Ollie, Pursehouse, Ralfe, Reed, Ryan, Rawlinson, Stephen, Shedden, Thompson, Bell.

Tait, Viscovitch, Waters, Williams. Mesdames Whittaker, Zavattaro, Cook, Massey-Baker, Brewster. Chater, Greenough, McLarry. Speedie, Aumuller, Braithwaite, Clarke, Campbell, Cox, French, Mitchell, McKay, Russell, Schuler, Waters. Misses Hack, McArthur, Hobson, Luttrell, Meares, Pearse, Traill, Thompson, Wells.

Passengers Per Montoro Which

Sailed From Sydney For N.G. And

PAPUA ON DECEMBER 8: Messrs. Ashley, Amorous, Buchanan, Barnes, Benham, Barrie, Currey, Churchill, Cheney, Cahill, Callanan, Driver, Dyer, Evans, Fenn, Godson, Gray, Gordon, Goad, Gibson, Hanley, Jones (2), Jennings, Johnson, Keegan, Leigh, Lyons, Lucas, Mackay, Miller (2), McGuigan, McFall, Mason, Marr, Moffat, Nolan, O’Donnell, Osborne, Pellizarro, Patterson, Pearce, Pentland, Rutledge, Renton, Reilly, Savage, Stobie, Sefton, Strong, Stewart, Shields, Stock, Taggart, Taylor (2), Owen- Turner, Woolcott, Wright, Wood, Young. Masters Bennie, Bischoff, Briggs, Craig, Cahill, Chester, Driver, Evenett, Frame (2), Hardy, Haynes (2), McKenna (2), Minogue (2), Matley, Matthews, Osborne (2), Lumley, Loudon, Lock, Lampo, Spiller, Uechtritz (2), Wright, Woolcott, Ward,

(Continued On Page 82)

III Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd

GENERAL MERCHANTS lilt HlliJ liffl mm II Hi it mi Hi list Ifctf . * *, SHIPOWNERS

Tourist Agents

Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney—Australia Code Address: "Burphil"

Buyers Of All Classes Of Island Produce

Regular Steamer Services from Australia to New Guinea Papua Solomon Is.—Lord Howe Is.—Norfolk Is.—New Hebrides —Java and Singapore ADVERTISERS Amalgamated Wireless of Aust. Ltd 77 Anderson, G l . A 44 Arnott’s Biscuits 60 “Aspro” 67 “Ausoline” 80 Austral Stamps il B.A.L.M. Ltd 52 Bank of N.S.W 78 Berger & Sons Ltd 62 “Bernly” Guest Hse 19 Blau (Aust,) Robert 58 Broomfields Ltd 46 “Bi’oughton ’ School 59 Brown & Co Ltd ... 29 Brunton’s f lour 76 Budge Ltd, Ja3 30 Bullivants Ltd 50 Burns, Philp & Co iv.

Burns, Philp & Co 45 B. (S.S.) Co 32 Buzacott Pty Ltd ... 47 Carpenter, W. R.

Limited ii.

Chapman & Sherack 57 Chivers & Sons Ltd 35 C. of E. Girls’

Grammar School 19 Clyde Engineering Co Ltd 65 Coleman Lamp Co 28 Coral Starch 36 Cosmopolitan Hotel 79 Crossle, Duff and Macintosh Ltd 72 “Cystex” 62 Del Cott Pty Ltd 64 Dewar’s Whisky 14 Doans’ Pills 80 Dobell Pty Ltd 12 Donald, A. B. Ltd 56 Dunne, H. F. S. 53 Eaton Ltd, J. W 63 Electrolux Refrigerators 18 Electrolytic Co Ltd 73 Elizabeth Bay Agency 14 Enos Fruit Salt ..... 75 Fairbanks - Morse Limited 68 “Fairholm” College ’ll Finau, Wm 15 Fletcher & Sons 42 Ford Sherington Ltd 27 Fowler, Sandy 71 “44 Macleay Street” 26 Foster Clark (Aus.) Limited „ 37 Fryer,A. C 57 Garden Vale Products Ltd 36 Garrett & Davidson 72 Gillespie’s Flour 34 Gourock Rope Co ... 57 Grand Pacific Hotel 55 Grove & Sons, W. H. 31 Guinea Airways Ltd v.

Hallstroms Pty Ltd 31 Halvorsen Sons Ltd 74 Hardie & Co, Jas ... 69 Holbrook’s Ltd 41 Horlicks ' Malted Milk 21 Horne, W. & Co ...... 54 Hotel Moresby 79 1.C.1.A.N.Z. Ltd ...... 50 Jantzen Ltd 59 Jones & Co Ltd, H. 39 “Kambala” School ... 22 Ketch For Sale ...... 79 Kodak Pty Ltd * 15 Kopsen & Co Ltd ... 48 Kork-N-Seal Ltd ..... 37 Lane & Girvan Ltd 69 Levenson’s Radio ..70 Lloyd & Co Pty Ltd 11 Lustre Ltd 61 Mcllrath’s Ltd 20 McKay’s Bookstall ... 32 Maleham & Yeomans Limited 47 Master Sewing Machine Co 42 Maxwell Porter I td 63 Methodist Ladies’

College 13 Miller & Co Pty Ltd 38 Morris, Hedstrom Limited 54 N.D.L. 82 Nelson & Robertson Pty Ltd 24, 73 Nestle’s Milk 40 Newington College 12 Newland Bxos. Ltd 43 New Zealand Distributors Ltd 45 N.Z. Tourist Bux-eau 10 Nordman, Oscar G'. 10 Noyes Bros Ltd 75 Olsson, T. A _ 16 Orchards Pty Ltd ... 23 Oxymel Oil and Paint Co Ltd 49 Pabst Canned Beer 32 Pacific Islands Club 12 Page, S. E. 20 Papua, Hotel, The ... 79 Paterson Laboratories 24 Pike Bros Ltd 17 Prescott Ltd 33 Price’s Radio Serv. 74 Prouds Ltd 13 Ransomes Sims and Jefferies Ltd 56 Reed, William E 64 Reid, W, M 34, 69 Riverstone Meat Co Limited ... 16 Rohu, Sil 50 Royal Packet Co iii Ruston & Hornsby 66 Scott’s Emulsion 55 Scott Ltd. J 46 Scott & Sons 73 Shell Oil Co 25 Smyth Ltd, J. H. ... 81 Springwood L. Coll. 58 Stanley, Chris. .... 39 Stanley & Co 76 Stead &. Baker 30 Steamships Trg. Co 24 Sterling Varnish Co 9 Sullivan Ltd, C 37 Sullivan, Ltd, J. J. 38 Swallow & A riel 1 33 Talkeries 60 Taylor & Co, A 52 “Tenax” Soap 61 Tilley Lamp Co 53 Tillock & Co Ltd ... 39 Tooheys Ltd 17 “Top Dog” Men’s Wear 67 Tooth & Co vi.

Vincent’s A.P.C 71 “Walkabout” _ 51 Warburton Franki Limited _ 81 Watson, Victor, Ltd 10 West, Harry 46 Weymark & Son 35 Wilkes. J. R. A. ... 65 Wills, W. D, and H. 0., Ltd 26 Williams & Gosling Limited 72 Williams Ltd, S 49 Wright & Co 62 Wright & Co Ltd, E. 52 Wunderlich Ltd 63 Yorkshire Insurance Co 76 Contents Pacific Islands Travellers iii. 82 There Will Be No War In Pacific— Just Yet 2 Trans-Pacific Air Service 3 Pacific Meteorological Conference 3 Giant Airboat to Visit Suva 4 Tahiti’s Carnival Queen 5 New Radio Station for Fiji 5 Site for N.G. Capital 5 Tongan Chiefs in Sydney 6 Papua’s Water Supply Rationed 7 Death of Capt. Wm. Hamilton 7 Recognition of Gallant Services in Rabaul Eruption 8 Tropicalities 9 New Minister for Islands 12 New Force in Western Samoan Politics 13 Coronation Medals Tabu in New Hebrides : 14 Jas. Stewart Killed in Wau Accident 16 Better Outlook for N.G.G. Ltd 17 Tonga Turns the Corner 21 Why is There No Malaria in Fiji? 22 “Doc” Vernon, of Papua ...... 26 Homage to Old Nauru Missionary 28 German Colonisation in N. Guinea 30 Hawaii Governor at Apia 32 Pacific Pathfinders 35 A Day in the Life of a N.G. Wife 39 The British Consulate on Tahiti 45 Copra is Key to Islands Prosperity 49 Von Luckner Returns to the Pacific 50 Radio-Telephone at Canton Is 53 Men Who Knew Yesterday A. B.

Brewster, Formerly of Fiji 57 Fashion Hints for Islands Women 59 Rabaul to be Abandoned 62 Govt. Control of C.I. Fruit 64 Death of H. M. F. Faure 68 Mr. F. Wallin Retires 69 Pacific Radio Programmes 71 Islands Mining News 72 Produce and Exchange Rates 79 Market Quotations 80 Shipping Timetables 81 IV Pa,ci f i c Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registeredlat the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission hy post as a newspaper J . i Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Crown Colony of Fiji.

Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Australian* Territory of Norfolk Island.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

TELEPHONE i Managing director ...... 8W5037 I Business and Editorial MA7IOI P.O. BOX 8408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms. and Cables: “Pacpub,” Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited, and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

Subscription Rates

Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Per Annum, elsewhere, prepaid. Post Free 107- Single Copies .7. Bd.

Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON, F.R.G.S.

ADVERTISEMENTS Advertising rates furnished on application.

Colours, etc. by Arrangement Process Blocks made at Advertiser’* expense when required. Screen, 100.

Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by Bth of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

AGENTS The following are authorised to receive subscriptions. for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd.

All Branches of Morris, Hedstrom & Co., Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

T. A. Olsson, Wau, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Samarai, Papua.

Steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches.

P. Costello. Suva, Fiji.

J. Muir, Suva, Fiji.

N. C. Mackenzie-Hunt. Wainunu, Bua, Fjji.

All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove and Sons, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

A. C. Rowland. Papeete. Tahiti.

Representative In London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building, 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. VIII., No. 5 Sydney, December 21, 1937.

Pri/*P ( Bd> Per Copy< rnce ( p repa id: 8/- p.a.

There Will Be No War In the Pacific Just Yet situation in the Far East is still * a matter of vital concern to the Territories of the Pacific. It is becoming clear, however, that the present war will not spread beyond China. Great Britain and the United States have been, given far more than sufficient reason to attack the Japanese forces in China; but, while they are doing their best to “save face”, they are displaying a patient determination not to fight—just now.

The Japanese are drunk with war excitement and a belief in their own strength; their attitude towards Great Britain, the United States and France is one of intolerable “cockiness”; and it is certain that, once they have established themseives in China, they will turn avidly westwards towards India and southwards towards the Pacific countries.

In due season, there must be a cruel and bitter war in the Pacific, between the Japanese and the peoples whom they will seek to dispossess; and, the longer it is delayed the costlier it will be. From the Anglo-Saxon viewpoint, the present would have been an opportune time to deal with Japan, while she is deeply involved with China; but Britain has been grotesquely out-manoeuvred in her international relationships, with the result that, at present, she dare not transfer forces from Europe to the Far East.

The general situation is clear enough, once we realise that Britain and France are hated by the totalitarian nations.

Britain and France have large colonial territories; and the Fascist nations (Germany, Italy, and Japan) have none. Anything that can be done to embarrass and weaken Britain and her ally, France, and open the way to free settlement of their colonial territories by the swarming masses of Germany, Italy, and Japan, will be cheerfully done by the Fascist States.

At one time, Britain and Japan were allies, and the British position in the.

Far East was secure. Then Japan became a manufacturing nation and a trade rival of Britain, and the two Powers got out of sympathy with one another. Next, a swashbuckling military caste, which believes that British power in Asia and the Pacific is the maim barrier to the domination of the Pacific by Japan, got control of Japan. Japan seized Manchukuo, and the League of Nations, of which Britain is the mainstay, resisted the encroachment. From then on, it was easy for anti-British influences to sneak into Tokio by the back door; and, three months ago. British statesmanship was faced with a coup d'etat. Japan was attacking China, and trampling upon British investments worth over £200,000,000, and throwing out British trade worth incalculably more.

Britain came sharply to attention—and the Japanese just thumbed their noses at her? The reason for Japan’s impudence was all too plain: Germany and Italy had joined with Japan in a Fascist, anti-British bloc. It was made clear that if Britain interfered in China, Germany and Italy would make trouble in Europe.

That means, that a hostile move by Britain and France would start another world war. It would be Britain, France, and Russia against Germany, Italy, and Japan. The United States might be in it.

The end would be quite in doubt; but this is certain, that the struggle would be beyond description frightful, and Western Civilisation would be destroyed.

British diplomacy is taking the wiser course. It is better to wait. This unnatural alliance between Germany and Japan will not endure. There is throughout the British Empire a strong and growing belief that colonial territories should be made available to Germany, and the migration of Germans tol British countries encouraged. There will be a closer relationship between British and

To all our Readers, and especially to friends throughout the Pacific Islands, who have so kindly sent us special goodwill messages, we tender our best wishes for

A Merry Christmas

and

A Happy New Year

Germans. Britain is not greatly con cerned about Italy. That nation is aggres sive and difficult now, but only because Providence gave it a Mussolini. Without Mussolini, the Italians will count for little—and Mussolini, like everyone else, is ageing.

In the very nature of things, Japan wif(l be isolated in Asia. In the north west she will meet Russia: it is inevitable that the Russians and the Japanese will fight again. Southwards of Japan, there will be a combination of Britain, France, and Holland, intent on protecting their territories. In the east, there will be the naval power of the United States.

The Japanese, of course, will try to or ganise and lead the endless millions of Asia against the Europeans.

The European nations, united, need not fear Asia; but, if the peoples of Western Europe are to be aligned against each other, an Asia directed and led by Japan ese will be a Yellow Peril indeed.

These are the considerations which d|eem to be bearing weight to-day with Britain’s leaders. They have been out witted by the Fascist bloc, but they were wise enough to stay out of the trap which was prepared for them. If Britain had become embroiled in a Far Eastern War. the British Empire might have been saved from dismemberment only by the intervention of the United States—and that is far too undependable a thing.

Time enough to deal with the Japanese situation when Germany has been plac ated and the “Rome - Berlin axis” has been geared to a different plan.

A month ago, Germany was demanding the return of her colonies, and Japan was supporting the demand. Since then, there have been two important develop ments. Japan has announced that, for her part, she has no intention of handing back any colonies to Germany—which ap parently means that the status quo of of the former German territories in the Pacific will not be disturbed. Later, it was announced by several press l agencies, apparently with authority, that Germany was not interested in the return of any of her former 1 territories in the Pacific; but that she did expect presently to re ceive dominion over a slice of Africa— the Cameroons and Togoland being es pecially mentioned.

Among Melbourne company registra tions recently was: Pacific Minerals (New Guinea) Pty. Ltd. Capital, £lO,OOO. Sub scribers, Henry F. J. Ralfe, Alfred E, Miles.

Trans-Pacific Air

SERVICE No Definite Commencing Date THERE is still (December 18) uncer tainty about the commencement of the Pan-American Airways service be tween Hawaii and Auckland.

The project has not been abandoned— the establishment of well-equipped stat ions at Kingman Reef, Pago Pago and Auckland is proceeding actively—but it seems likely that regular service will not be launched for some little time yet.

Then, probably, it will be fortnightly.

The P.A.A. management has acknow ledged that U.S. Congress has not pro vided funds for a mail subsidy; “but,” they say, “we had been operating the Bermuda service for eight months with out a mail contract.”

It was stated, many months ago, that the P.A.A. Trans-Pacific service would commence in December, 1937.

SECOND SURVEY FLIGHT TO N.Z.

From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Dec. 15. /"YN P.A.A.’s second South Pacific survey ” flight, a Sikorsky Clipper will leave Hawaii for Auckland tomorrbw. It is due there on December 19, via Kingman Reef and Pago Pago. The Clipper is expected to be in New Zealand for two days.

An Auckland base has been completed and equipment for radio stations at Rus sell, (Bay of Islands) and Auckland is being} installed.

Fatal Truck Accident

AT BULOLO From Our Own Correspondent WAU, Dec. 1.

WHEN Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd’s big motor truck, with men from No. 5 camp, was on its way to the Bulolo cinema, about 7.30 p.m., it struck and instantly killed a resident, Otto Batze.

The truck did not stop. Mr. O. B. Hart, following in his car, found Batze and tried to give assistance, but the man already was dead.

The authorities took a serious view of the matter, owing to certain circum stances, and the truck driver, Sam Moon, has been arrested and sent to Rabaul for trial.

T.I. Lugger Wrecked

From Our Own Correspondent THURSDAY IS., Dec. 7.

MESSRS. Morey and Co., of Thursday Island, recently lost the Koza, one of their best luggers, when she struck a reef about 150 miles from Townsville and became a total wreck. The Japanese master (Captain T. Kono) and all hands were saved, making their way to land after a gruelling journey of three days.

The vessel was worth about £1,500 and the cargo of trochus shell and beche-de mer £1,400. The Koza was insured for £900.

The liner Neptuna, which sailed from Sydney for New Guinea ports in Decem ber carried a “Christmas shipment” of 30,000 bottles of beer.

Two Planes Lost

One Forced Down In Violent New Guinea Storm \ WACO biplane, one of the Stephens Airways fleet, was lost near Madang, New Guinea on November 20.

Piloted by Captain “Bill” Leggatt, it arrived on November 20 on a newly cleared airfield (named Nubia-Potsdam aerodrome), near the coast, about 90 miles north-west of Madang, and half way to Wewak. Messrs. C. M. Rouse and R. Beckett were passengers.

About 2.30 p.m., Captain Leggatt took off alone, for Madang; and 15 minutes later he ran into one of the violent squalls for which that region is notorious.

The terrific wind drove the pilot off his course and he had to make a forced land ing in jungle country, days walk from any habitation. The pilot, though slightly injured, set off on foot towards Madang. He reported that the plane was “a complete write-off”—it lay in difficult and almost inaccessible country—but the engine subsequently was salvaged.

Our Wau correspondent reports that a D.H. 50, under Pilot John Miles, crashed at Chimbu. The pilot escaped injury, and the engine was salvaged.

A Guinea Airways small Junkers (Pilot S. Wiltshire) suffered severe dam age to the under-carriage when landing at Slate Creek with native labourers. No one was hurt and the plane is being repaired by Guinea Airways staff, from Lae.

The ill-fated plane, on Nubia - Potsdam aero drome, being warmed up just prior to the trip on which it was lost. Look ing on are: N. Lee (Potsdamhafen plantat ion), C. M. Rouse (Nu bia plantation) and Reg Beckett (Sepik River district).

Photo by Father J. Much, Bogio. 2 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

King's Medal Presented To Gaiberi's Widow

Samoa'S Acting

ADMINISTRATOR And a Footling Official Statement /CRITICISM of the New Zealand Government for failing to appoint an Administrator in Samoa (Mr. Turnbull has been “Acting Administrator” for three years) was voiced in November by Mr.

G. W. Forbes in the N.Z. Parliament.

Mr. Forbes said that the Acting Administrator was giving a great deal of satisfaction and seemed able to get on well with the Samoans, but it was not a proper situation to have delayed the appointment for so long.

The Prime Minister (Mr. Savage) agreed that the Acting Administrator was doing good work. The Samoans were doing equally good work, but it was necessary for the Government to move warily. It was unwise to lump to any conclusions about the matter.

Which utterance —if Mr. Savage was renorted correctly should be given a prize for vagueness and silliness.

House Shortage In Wau

From Our Own Correspondent WAU, Dec. 1.

THERE is an extreme shortage of houses here, and several married people are sharing houses or living at the hotels. Several young men, anxious to bring their wives or future wives to Wau, cannot move on account of the househunger.

New Zealand Department of External Affairs advises that a concession roundtrip fare of £2l by the Maui Pomare (New Zealand-Samoa-Niue-New Zealand) has been made permanent. Formerly, it was seasonal. Trippers may stay over for one month in Samoa.

New Motor Vessel For B.P.’S Fiji Services

THE new motor vessel Yanawai, built at Hong Kong for Messrs. Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd., arrived in Fiji on December 11.

Intended for the Suva-Labasa-Macuata’ ports run, the Yanawai is 152ft. in length with a breadth of 28ft, and 9ft. moulded depth. She is a twin screw vessel with a speed of 10 knots. Cabin accommodation consists of six two-berth cabins, and there is seating room for 20 in the saloon. Her cargo capacity is 200 tons of copra in bags or 350-400 tons of general cargo. There is also some refrigerated space.

With the Malake and Yanawai, as well as several auxiliary vessels, B.P. now have quite a substantial fleet operating in Fiji waters.

To Guide Planes

Weather Experts Make Plans To Assist Trans-Pacific Pilots REPRESENTATIVES of nearly all countries in or bordering on the Pacific attended the South-Western Pacific Meteorological Conference, held in Auckland at the end of November and in the first week of December.

The chief object of the conference was to arrange for co-operation between countries, and co-ordination of meteorological work, so as to give accurate weather information and forecasts to all aviation companies running lines of aeroplanes in the South Pacific. At present, the only air-line operating in the Pacific is the Pan-American Airways service across the North Pacific (’Frisco to Hong Kong); but. in 1938, it is proposed to start the following: Weekly airmail service between Sydney and New Guinea (Australian); Weekly airmail service between Sydney and New Zealand (Imperial Airways).

Fortnightly airmail service between Honolulu and Auckland (Pan-American Airways); Regular service between Tokio and the Marshall ajid Caroline Is. (Japanese).

The conference recommended: Radio sonde and meteorological forecasting stations to be established in each or the following—Hawaii, Fiji, Samoa (collecting reports from Howland Is., Jarvis Is., and Kingman Reef), New Zealand, Tahiti, and Australia. (A sonde radio station is a station which regularly sends baloons to great distances into the upper air, automatic radio signals from the balloon, up to the moment it is destroyed, giving invaluable meteorological information.) A standing committee to be appointed to define the zone of each station, and to co-ordinate their work, in keeping in touch with air pilots.

Meteorological stations to be established at Norfolk Island, Lord Howe Island, and the Kermadecs; ansl data to be sent regularly from the Trans-Pacific ocean liners.

Fairymead'S Purchase Of

Malayta Is Valid

■THE assets and goodwill of Malayta 1 Ltd. (trading mostly in the Solomons) were sold on August 10, 1936, to Fairymead Sugar Co. Ltd., for £95,000.

Subsequently, a section of Malayta shareholders rebelled against the decision to sell, and the terms of the sale, and appealed to the Equity Court of New South Wales. Very lengthy litigation ensued, and the validity of the sale was attacked.

On December 1, however,, the court decided that the sale was valid. The Solomons Islands copra plantations, formerly he.d by Malayta Ltd., will now be operated unchecked by the Fairymead Co.

At Tufi Government Station (North-eastern Division), Sir Hubert Murray, Lieutenant-Governor of Papua, recently presented the King’s Long Service Medal to Warude, widow of the late Senior Sargeant Gaiberi.

A well-known Kiwai native, Gaiberi was awarded the medal by King George VI. in the New Year’s Honours List last February, in recognition of his 40 years of faithful service in the Papuan Armed Constabulary. Before the decoration ceremony took place, Gaiberi died at Cape Nelson; and the Governor decided to give the medal to the Papuan’s widow.

In making the presentation. Sir Hubert said that Gaiberi had been all over Papua and had been in plenty of fights, but never once had her run away —he had always stood his ground bravely and fought back. He told the gathering of natives that this was the first time the medal had been awarded to anyone in Papua. 3 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2 1, 1937

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Armistice Day In New Hebrides

The New Wewak Goldpield

From Our Own Correspondent.

WAU, Nov. 28.

A RUSH trip from Wewak to Wau was made this month by Mr. R. N.

Glasson. He returned, as a plane passenger, with Ray Parer.

Messrs, Glasson and Ifould have disposed of their store at Boram. Mr. Glasf'On reports that the Wewak fields is not “excellent”, but several are knocking more than wages out of their claims, and business seems to be brisk with the firms established there.

Ray Parer is “digging his heels into the flying game” on the Wewak field, and seems to be getting his fair share of the freighting business. The Parers and their respective families seem to have all quitted Wau for the new field, intent on being first on the field with freezers, hotels, etc.

Litigation Avoided

"CTXTENSIVE litigation, which had been threatened between Mr. G. A. Stewart, boatbuilder, of Napa Napa, Port Moresby, and Steamships Trading Co, Ltd., regarding the slipping of the auxiliary ketch Veimauri, has been avoided. A settlement, terms of which were not disclosed, has been made out of court.

Death Of Well Known

Papuan Resident

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Dec. 6.

TI/TR. A. M. SINCLAIR died at his plantation at Hisiu, on December 5, after a short illness. He was one of the oldest residents of the Territory and was one of the first Papuan managers of Burns.

Philp and Co. Prior to that he was a manager for B.P. at Normanton and Croydon. Queensland. He, later, was associated with the early activities of the British New Guinea Development Co.

Mr. Sinclair took an active interest in planting, and acquired a coconut plantation at Hisiu, west of Pt. Moresby, where he had since resided. He leaves a widow and child.

Mr. Sinclair was a fine type of Scotsman, and he and his friend, Mr. Donald MacDonald, of the Vailala River, did much to open up the country with their enterprise and energy, in the early days of settlement.

Rugen Plantations Ltd. was registered in Sydney in November, with a capital of £60,000. Subscribers: W. E. Foxall, A. S. Back, G. M. Johnstone, G. S. Bradley, G. W. Priestnall, F. George and A.

C. Ross.

Giant British Airboat to Visit Suva Imperial Airways 'Centaurus' Due in January HP HE huge Imperial Airways flying-boat Gentaurus, which is now on its way to Sydney on a survey flight over the England-Australia-N.Z. airmail route, will visit Suva, Fiji, early in January.

Due in Sydney, via Darwin, Townsville and Brisbane, on December 24, she will fly across the Tasman to Auckland on the 27th. Then, under present arrangements, she will visit the main N.Z. cities and depart for Fiji, arriving in Suva during the first week in January.

There is a possibility that the Centaurus will go on to Honolulu, Hawaii, before returning to Auckland and Sydney where she is due on January 12.

There has been speculation in Australia, N.Z. and Fiji as to whether the proposed visit to Suva presages the early inauguration of a British Trans-Pacific air service.

The Gentaurus will return to England at the end of January, having covered over 30,000 miles. She will carry a crew of five, under the command of Captain J.

W. Burgess and including First Officer C. F. Elder and Wireless Operator Dangerfield (who were participants in the Atlantic test flights), and Flight Engineer F. Murray. On board also is a New Zealand newspaperman, Ivan Palmer, who will be remembered in Western Pacific as one of Dwight Long’s companions in the yacht Idle Hour from Auckland to Singapore, via Sydney, Papua, etc.

Dr. Alex. Zur-werra, who recently returned from an expedition to tropical South America, sailed from Sydney for Rabaul. New Guinea bv Neptuna on December 15. He will tropical disease in the Western Pacific Islands.

Mr. G. A. Joy, British Resident Commissioner, and M. Sautot, French Resident Commissioner, laying wreaths on the War Memorial at Vila, New Hebrides, on Armistice Day, Nov. 11.

Both Resident Commisisonei’s observing the two minutes’ silence) at 11 a.m. In the background the French guardof - honour is presenting arms. 4 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Carnival Queen

A Charming Princess of Tahiti From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Dec. 4.

THE Agricultural Exhibition and Carnival at Papeete during the period November 10 to 21 was the most comprehensive and successful affair of the kind our island has seen.

As the queen of the carnival, the happy choice was one of the daughters of Prince Ariipaea Pomare —the Princess Aimata- Vahine-Tuanui-Pomare. Three of her sisters Princess Hina-Arii-Tetuanui-i- Te - Ra’i - Poia - i - Te - Aratai - ia- Faanui - Evau - Pomare, Princess Tetua Pomare, Princess Maeva Pomare —attended her as maids of honour.

The Carnival Queen was costumed after the manner of the old times in tapa cloth and more, and invested with the ancient insignia of royalty, which were; Te-Ata-o-Tu (the red feather crown), Nuna’ehau (the red feather fan) and Paia-i-Te-Faurua (the iron wood sceptre). The Maids of Honour wore costumes similar to that of the Queen and were crowned with wreaths of fragrant pua blossoms. Handsome and graceful young women, they created a picture of rare charm and distinction.

Prince Ariipaea Pomare, the grandson of Prince Terii-Tua Jouinville * Pomare (brother of Pomare V., the last king of Tahiti) and son of the late Prince Terii- Hinoi - Atua (the adopted son of his uncle, King Pomare) is now the head of the foyal family of Tahiti. It is most appropriate that the first carnival queen of Tahiti should be chosen from among the charming daughters of that family.

The King of the Carnival was a young man from the district of Arue, by the name of Punua-Arii.

In the Tahitian language—as well as in Samoan —a special language was used in addressing the king or queen. Each possession of the king and queen had its particular name. The above titles of the red feather crown, fan and iron wood sceptre are most interesting revivals of old custom for this Carnival occasion.

Big Broadcasting

STATION TO Be Placed In Suva As Empire Link A MALGAMATED Wireless (Australasia) Ltd., which recently opened a radiophone service between Rabaul and Sydney, has completed plans and is manufacturing equipment for an important world-wide broadcasting service at Suva, Fiji.

The chairman of A.W.A., Sir Ernest Fisk, stated early in December that this new station should be in operation within the next few months, and although it was not expected to improve the company’s revenues for some time, it was hoped that a reasonable return would come later. That station should eventually become an important factor in British world-wide broadcasting.

Site for New Guinea Capital Final Selection By Special Committee A S soon as Canberra released the experts’ report (see page 62), stating that the New Guinea Government must abandon Rabaul and find another site for the Administrative establishment, the Australian newspapers, in full cry, set out to select what they called “the new capital.”

A few months ago they chose Madang.

On this occasion, they were unanimous for Salamaua.

Why Salamaua was chosen, no one knows unless it was that the newspapers are just a little sillier than they usually are when dealing with Pacific Islands affairs. The experts, in a memo, attached to their report and summarised hereunder, practically condemned Salamaua, because of its liability to be overwhelmed by a tidal wave.

The experts recommend that the site be on the mainland, on high and healthy ground. The final selection will be made by a committee, after consultation with all New Guinea interests.

We expect that the new site will be on the Morobe tableland, in such a position that an improved and developed Salamaua may be used as a seaport, and both Salamaua and Lae as airports. Both Madang and Salamaua have merit; but, as the way is* now open for a deliberate choice, it would be sheer lunacy not to place the capital inland, in a cool, healthy and safe situation, and so placed that it may assist in the opening up and settlement of New Guinea’s rich central tablelands.

The Experts’ Report

The experts, in their report, set forth the geographical and physiographim factors which, they said, should be taken into consideration in the selection of an alternative capital site.

They said that the whole area of New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland and the Solomon Islands is an unstable portion of the earth’s crust, and there is a tendency for each major land mass to tilt differentially. The south coast of New Guinea in the neighbourhod of the Gulf of Papua is suffering subsidence at a relatively rapid rate, geologically considered. The north coast, on the other hand, is subject to elevation. Such elevation, even at the rate of a few feet per century, may seriously affect harbour works, water supply and drainage, and should be allowed for.

“Along all coast lines in the area, and especially the north coasts of New Guinea and New Britain, the possibility of disastrous tidal waves, though not alarmingly acute, must always be reckoned with. As far as possible, the business and residential areas of coastal towns should be kept back from the shore, and should be not less than 100 feet above sea-level. It is recognised this may The Queen of the Carnival and her attendants.

Left to right: Princess Tetua Pomare; Princess Aimata Pomare (Queen of the Carnival) ; Princess Hina-Arii Pomare.

Seated: Princess Maeva Pomare. 5 Pacific islands Monthly, becember 5 I , 19 3 ?

involve a small recurrent charge for transportation of goods from ship to store, but this should be regarded in the light of insurance against tidal wave risks.

“This consideration would appear to have considerable weight in reference to Saiamaua.

“Facilities for water supplies and sewerage should be given a foremost place in the selection of sites. A site should be selected whose physiography favours simplicity in dealing with mosquito eradication by drainage and water treatment. Secondly, it is highly desirable, if at all possible, to obtain ready access, by motor road, to highlands reaching at least 2,000 feet above sea-level.

Even if such sites can be obtained at distances not less than 40 miles, the marked improvement in community efficiency obtained (as, for instance, at Bandoeng, in Java) materially offsets the cost of construction of good motor roads.

“From this latter aspect it is worthy of consideration whether it is not ultimately economical to construct a main town some distance inland, leaving the town on the coast merely as a skeleton seaport (compare Lima and Callao in Peru).

“The spectacular development of the gold industry in New Guinea and the very high probability of discovery of oilfields there, together with possibilities of great expansion of timber and agricultural industries, suggest that, in the event of decision to remove the seat of government being arrived at, selection of a reasonably central site on the New Guinea coast should receive serious consideration.”

Mr. \V. H. Carpenter, of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., arrived in Sydney early in December by the Neptuna from Rabaul, N.G.

Entertained By Pacific Islands Club

Tongan Chiefs

Distinguished Visitors in Sydney TWO esteemed Tongan high chiefs, * Hon. Ata (Queen Salote’s cousin and Minister for Lands at Nukualofa) and Hon. Sateki Akauola (Governor of Vavau) arrived in Sydney by the Awatea on December 2 to spend four months’ holiday in Australia. Solomone Biukana, Ata’s small son, accompanied them.

Receiving a cordial reception, they were feted at numerous functions (including* the Pacific Islands Club gathering on December 8), and they made a very favourable impression on all whom they met. These two Tongans provide an excellent example of how high-class Polynesians, under the stimulus of education, can accept European culture and conduct the affairs of their own territories.

According to ancient Tongan tradition, Ata ; is custodian of the flying foxes (of tourists’ fame) at Kolovai, his estates.

The chief is also one of the heads of the Ha’a Gata family, whose ancestral duties are to see that the ceremonial rites connected with kava are strictly observed in the Kava Ring of the Tu’i Kanokubolu.

He is a direct descendant of the aged chief Ata who, having been carried in a litter to the scene of battle, was abandoned by his warriors when they were defeated by Finau’s army in the famous battle of the sea-flats, at Hihifo, close to Kolovai, as related by Mariner in his classic volume, “Tonga.”

Akauola holds the rank of Matahule (Master of the Kava Ceremony). His ancestors were mariners to the Tu’itoga, having originally migrated from Samoa.

Mosque Burned Down in Fiji From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Nov. 27. opened only in October last, the Muslim mosque at Nadi, on the western side of Viti Levu, was destroyed by fire early on November 9.

Incendiarism is strongly suspected.

The fire was discovered about 1.30 a.m., but it had too great a hold for the firemen to save the building, which was uninsured and valued at £5OO. The recently formed Nadi Fire Brigade, under the Assistant D.C., Mr. M. L. Bernacchi, made a valiant effort, but trouble with the hydrant connections developed and they had to form a bucket brigade.

The Muslim community of Nadi collected funds for many years to build this mosque, and their leaders believe the fire was caused by incendiarists. They have taken the matter up with the Commissioner of Police (Mr. J. E. Workman).

Escaped From Rabaul Eruption

The small wooden motor-vessel Desikoko (230 tons) arrived in Sydney on December 13 to undergo repairs and overhaul.

The Duris, Durour and Desikoko, all small ships operated by W. R. Carpenter and Go. Ltd., were in Rabaul harbour, close to Vulcan Island, when the eruption occurred on May 28. The two former were destroyed; but the Desikoko escaped. She broke from her mooring, in a tidal wave, and drifted on to a mudbank. The keel was badly damaged, and the upper structure burned by hot ashes; but the vessel eventually was refloated and, finding a way through the floating pumice, escaped from the harbour.

The little wooden motor-ships Desikoko and John Bolton were built at Jervis jSay, N.S.W., and have been found very useful in the New Guinea inter-island trade.

Jack Hides Addresses

P.I. CLUB A RECORD gathering of members at- *r*- tended the Christmas function of the Pacific Islands Club at the Hotel Carlton on December 8. In addition to the guests of honour, there were a number of distinguished Islands visitors, including Judge R. T. Gore, of Port Moresby, Papua.

A series of fine lantern slides of Tonga, shown by Mr. H. A. Rabone, were explained with interesting and humorous comment by Hon, Ata.

In an eloquent and moving address, Mr. Jack Hides told graphically of his recent expedition in Central Papua, and described the amazing journey down to the coast, with his party starved and his companion David Lyall seriously ill from beri-beri. He paid fitting tribute to the way Lyall had lived, and died.

The next meeting of the Pacific Islands Club will be held in February.

The gues s of honour at( the Pacific Islands Club’s reception in December (left to right) : Mrs. Victor Macky (President of the Auckland Travel Club), Mr. Jack Hides (Papuan explorer and author), the Club’s Chieftainess, Lefagaoalii (Mrs. Alfred Page), Hon. Akauola (Governor of Vavau, Tonga), Hon. Ata (Tongan Minister for Lands, Nukualofa). See next column for report of the gathering 6 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

RATIONED !

Plight of Residents In Waterless Pt. Moresby From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, Nov. 28. rain has fallen yet in Port Moresby ' to relieve the shortage of water, and the Administration now is carting water daily in lorries from the Laloki River, 16 miles outside the town. Nearly 2,000 gallons are being distributed daily on lorries in tanks to all points of the town, along the hill slopes and the main ; for the convenience of householders.

Residents appreciate this measure of assistance, and praise is given to the acting Director of Public Works, Mr. W.

D. Brown, for the efficient manner in which he has tackled the difficult problem of transport.

Water tickets are issued by the Public Works Dept. Residents on presenting these, are supplied with their daily ration by the native in charge of each lorry.

Drought Continues

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Dec. 9. ’’pHE drought continues. No rain has * fallen here since May. The water ration now is six gallons per day per adult European. The highest temperature for 11 years, 96.3, was recorded here on November 23.

Editorial Note Port Moresby residents repeatedly say that the Papuan Government is doing nothing to establish a water scheme. We v ave been able to secure the following facts from official sources: September, 1926 Sir Hubert Murray asked Canberra if an application for a loan would be considered.

October, 1926 - Canberra replied that they must examine the scheme first.

Mr. Gutteridge, Commonwealth Engineer, arrived in Papua that year and made his report; also Mr. Hollins in 1928.

July, 1928—Sir Hubert again inquired about water scheme. Canberra replied that they must first have report by Mr.

H °in! nS \/r- . e Minister received Mr. Hollins’ ro Marrb n 1 qoQ 6^ tv/t p r - ’ tvt* • ? ir Murray saw i? Ca ? be J ra ,: “ boUt and the ether 6 f ° r * Hubert found he colld nit |et both so he abandoned the water loan The old wharf was literally falling to pieces After this came the depression when it was impossible to obta.A anything. Immediately the depression lightened, the Papuan Government applied for a loan for the water scheme also for an officer to advise about construction. In August, 1937, the Papuan Government radio’d inquiring if the application for a water loan had been considered. In October, 1937, Canberra advised that the matter was being considered, and Papua asked for an expert to advise on route and probable cost.

Death Of Captain

Wm. Hamilton

A Real Pioneer of the Northwest Pacific P|NE of the best-known “old-hands” in the Western Pacific, Captain William Hamilton, trader, pearl-sheller, and planter, of Thursday Island, New Guinea, and the Solomons, died at Turramurra, N.S.W., on November 26, aged 85. Known throughout the Islands as “Squeaker”

Hamilton—owing to a defect in his voice, the result of an operation in his early youth—he was universally respected and liked.

Of Scottish parents, he came to Australia at the age of 10, in 1862, and within a few years, while still in his ’teens, had established a small shipping service along the Queensland coast. He began the adventurous career that was to lead him into faraway and strange places by carrying miners and stores to the newlydiscovered Palmer goldfield, Cape York.

Eventually, drifting to Thursday Is., he took charge of a pearling fleet and sailed across to the Gulf of Papua. From there he went to Manning Strait, between the large islands of Choiseul and Ysabel, and for many years was pearlshelling around Manus and the Northern Solomons. Making his headquarters at Choiseul Bay, he took up large areas of land under both the German and British Administrations in New Guinea and 8.5.1. His trading and planting interests extended from the Admiralty Group (Bismarck Archipelago) down through Bougainville and the Solomons.

Finally, in 1923, he bought out his partner, Mr. N. J. Howes, and formed Associated Plantations Ltd., which to. k control of all his land interests and of which he was managing director. The estates included the show plantations of Inus, in Bougainville, and Choiseul, in 8.5.1.

During recent years, Captain Hamilton had lived mostly in Sydney and Brisbane. He made many visits of inspection to B.S.I., and his tall, slightly-built figure, with tanned face and heavy, snow-white moustache, was a familiar sight in the Group. On his last trip, two years ago, he developed a tropical ulcer on his leg, and after spending some time in hospital at Kieta and Brisbane, had since lived quietly with his daughter at Turramurra.

Connected in the early days with the Advisory Council, and having taken part in many historic happenings in B.S.I., Captain Hamilton’s life was full of colourful adventure and incident. Throughout his lifetime in the Islands he kept a diary and had amassed a trunk-full of important documents and papers relating to the Western Pacific —all first-class material that, in the hands of a competent writer might make a best seller.

He is survived by his daughter, Mrs.

E. M, Stevenson, of Sydney, and a son, who lives in Brisbane.

New Guinea Cricketers

IN SYDNEY AN interesting cricket match was fought to a finish in Sydney when a New Guinea XL met a team from the World’s Speedway, at Rushcutter’s Bay Oval, on November 26.

New Guinea players, under the captaincy of Vic. Pennefather, first went to the crease, opening their innings with Dr. Calov and Roily Farlow. This pair compiled a score of 83 before being retired (Calov 52, Farlow 31), and Cam.

Smith made a useful 32 before being caught out. Farr added 34 and carried his bat, whilst other scorers included Cheney 8, Whistler 4, Parker 2, Brian 10, and Pennefather 1.

Fisher, for the World’s Speedway, made a useful and exciting 65 n. 0., while opening batsman Ongley compiled 18, and Miller, his partner, 8. Other scorers were Milne 16, van Praag 11, Smythe 2, Stevenson 3, and Waugh 8.

Photograph of the water ration tickets being issued 1 in Port Moresby. That dated Nov. 5 is for four gallons—the daily allowance for one white adult or two white children. The other one (1/2 gallon) represents a Sunday ration for a native boy.

Captain W. Hamilton 7 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

30/6/36 30/6/37 Imports £128,933 £193,822 Exports £156,959 £226,423

Gallant Services

RECOGNISED Officials and Civilians In Rabaul Eruption TT was announced in Canberra on * December 15 that the following honours had been conferred by the King, in recognition of “services performed during the volcanic eruption near Rabaul in May”: Knight Commander of Order of British Empire: Brig.-General W. Ramsay McNicoll, Administrator.

Commander of Order of British Empire: Judge F. B. Phillips. In the absence of the Administrator, he took control of the situation, and very quickly and efficiently created and operated an organisation for the evacuation of the town, the feeding and housing of the population and the carrying-on of essential services.

Officer of Order of British Empire: Mr. J. C. Mullaly, M.L.C., of Rabaul.

Mr. W. B, Ball, acting superintendent of police.

Member of Order of British Empire: Dr. R. W. Cooper, medical officer.

Dr. N. B. Watch, of Rabaul.

King's Police Medal: Mr. W. B. Prior, acting inspector of police.

Medal of Civil Division of Order of British Empire: Mrs. Kathleen Bignell, of Rabaul.

Mr. L. W. Heinicke, of Rabaul.

Mr. John Barrie, of Rabaul.

Mr. Eric Hopkins, of Rabaul.

Concerning the awards, it was announced:— Mr. Mullaly rendered valuable assistance in caring for the natives of the devastated areas of the north coast.

Mr. Ball organised the police, both European and native, in a most efficient manner.

Dr Cooper remained in Rabaul throughout the disturbance, and his efforts to restore the sanitation of Rabaul helped considerably to make reoccupation possible.

Dr. Watch was allotted duty as medical officer at Kokopo, and gave excellent service.

Mr. Prior, in charge of the Rabaul police district, remained at his post throughout the disturbance.

Mrs. Bignell, lessee of the Rabaul Hotel, rendered invaluable service in supplying meals and accommodation to officers and volunteers.

Mr. Heinicke, a member of the staff of Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., volunteered for any service required, and undertook the work of driving a motor lorry between Rabaul and Nodup, and rendered conspicuous service.

Mr. Barrie, engineer in charge of the Rabaul electricity power house, remained at his post and kept the electric light and power going throughout the first 48 hours of the eruption. He was directly responsible for the power being restored to the wireless station at Malaguna.

Mr. Hopkins was engaged in motorhire work and immediately placed his fleet of cars at the disposal of the Administration. He afterwards took charge on behalf of the Administration, of all motor transport in Rabaul.

Invidious Comparisons

Letter to the Editor. in Raoaui will heartily endorse the awards made in connection with the Rabaul eruption, announced to-day. But will you, sir, piease explain why the biggest ana most conspicuous award of ail —a knighthood—should be given to the Administrator when, as everyone knows, thd Administrator did not return to Rabaul until 48 hours alter the eruption. Among the Administrator s most notable acts, after his return was the cancellation of Judge Phillips s circular to the residents (a copy oi which i attach for your information) and his insistence, in less than a fortnight after the eruption, that Rabaul was fit for reoccupation. The award of a knighthood to General McNicoll, tor services rendered in connection with the eruption, makes the other well-deserved awards seem rather paltry.

Further, can you explain why there is no recognition for the radio men, who stood so very gallantly by their posts, and did good service aiso at Kokopo? Also, if there were knighthoods going, why not one each for the captain and purser of the Montorof I am, etc..

RABAULITE.

Sydney, Dec. 15.

EDITORIAL NOTE: Sorry—we cannot answer our correspondent’s questions. Most Administrators get knighthoods sooner or later—although General Wisdom escaped without one after 11 years of pioneering service, and General Griffiths got no titular award whatever, although he had served Australia in many ways for conspicuous success. It might have caused less comment if General McNicoll had received his knighthood as a New Year Honour, and not been associated so conspicuously with the humbler heroes —and heroines of the eruption. The failure to recognise the outstanding services of the radio officers is surprising. The most remarkable omission, however, is the Bishop and staff of Vunapope Mission. Those devoted people cared, in the very generous and self-sacrificing fashion, for many hundreds of refugees—European, Chinese, and natives—and it is extraordinary that they have not at least been publicly thanked by the Commonwealth Government.

L.M.S. Annual Assembly

From Our Own Correspondent FT. MORESBY, Dec. 1.

THE 64th annual assembly of the * Papuan Committee of the L.M.S. opened its session at Metoreia, Port Moresby, on November 26. Mr. Percy Chatterton acted as chairman. Members of the different stations in the Territory gathered there to discuss the various problems and questions that have arisen during the past year in relation to the Mission’s activities.

Busy Samarai

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Dec. 1.

O AMARAI is becoming a busy centre of Eastern Papua, due not only to the prices of copra and rubber, but also to the development of the mining industry at Misima, which relies upon Samarai for transport and supplies.

The customs revenue for the year to June 30 last tells the story;-— In view of the heavy demands upon the cargo-shed on the foreshore last year, Samarai Chamber of Commerce are negotiating with the Government for a grant for enlargements.

A meeting of exporters, arranged by the Chamber, will discuss the building of a shed immediately behind the present wharf-shed, and the financing of the project.

Aeroplane Accident In Papua

From Our Own Correspondent FT. MORESBY, Dec. 1.

The Moth aeroplane, owned and * piloted by Mr. J. N. Walshe, of the Medical Department of Papua, was damaged while making a landing at Kapa Kapa on November 20. The undercarriage partly collapsed, and the plane was thrown on one side.

Neither Mr. Walshe nor the native by whom he was accompanied was injured. The plane is being sent to Lae foi repairs.

Mr. Walshe was on his way to inspect a new landing ground at Hula, put down recently by Rev. H. J. Short, of the L.M.S.

“Until Death Do Us Part”

A NATIVE of New Guinea, who had married his wife at a mission station became tired of her after a few years, as is the manner of men all the world over. So he approached the missionary one day, and asked permission to throw her away and acquire a new one, naming a buxom lass who had taken his roving fancy.

“No!” said the missionary, sternly.

“This woman is your lawfully wedded wife—until death do you part!”

The native returned home, and thought the matter out. “Until death do us part” muttered he, fingering his club; and, with such an easy solution to his problem, he brought the club down heavily on his wife’s unoffending head and removed, as he thought, for ever, the barrier to his heart’s desire.

And the following week, when they arrested him and dragged him off to gaol, he expressed himself as more bewildered then injured.

Mrs. Gladys M. Steiner, wife of the manager of Fead Island Plantation, New Guinea, died in Namanula Hospital, Rabaul, on November 27, after a short illness. 8 Pacific Islands MonfUy,' December 21, 193?

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TEOPICALITIES SCHOOL was in at the local pub. The hour was that pleasant one between sundown and the dinner gong. Another round of appetizers was just about to go the way of many others, when the con versation took an epicurean turn. We discussed choice and dainty dishes, most of which had never graced the pub’s otherwise correct and spotless table.

Mine host, “Old Tom,” stood it pretty well till someone broke in with, “Yes, a little Bombay Duck, in its proper turn, takes a lot of beating.” Duck— Solomons’ duck, or teal —was on the menu that evening and “Old Tom” could hold his speech no longer. “Helluva lot you people know about tucker!” he barked.

“Anyway, what’s the difference between your bluddy Bombay ducks, and them bouggers that flies over the ’ouse?” — A.M.A.

IT is stated e’sewhere that 65 motorvehicles were included in the funeral procession of the late Mr. James Stewart, at Wau, New Guinea, recently. The point of interest lies in the fact that between the Morobe goldfield (of which Wau is the centre) and the coast of New Guinea there is no road —not even a track that a bullock-cart could use. Yet upon the roads of the Morobe tableland there are already some scores of motor cars and trucks. Everyone of them has been carried in by aeroplanes. Sometimes they are flown in in pieces, and assembled: sometimes, a big, three-engined freightcarrier just picks up a car as it stands, dumps it on the inside deck, and flies with it over the 5,000-feet mountains, to Wau or Bulolo. * * ♦ he’d by the New Guinea Adminiy stration is of rather surprising proportions. It amounted, on September 30, to no less than £320,000. This included £59.600 of cash on current account: £258 114 of “investments”: and £9,300 “due by other authorities.” A great proportion of the total is represented by trust funds —£118,130 being the money of the official superannuation funds, and £133,500 being due to other trusts. It is interesting to note that £70,000 of cash has come into the hands of the Administration since it withdrew the Australian money in circulation and, in its place, issued its own perforated coinage.

The Administration is holding the £70,000 as a trust fund; but somehow, it does not seem morally right that merely by a gesture (minting a lot of more-or-less aluminium coins with holes in them) it should be given the advantage of holding £70,000 —worth at least £3,000 per annum in interest alone. However, the N.G. Administration is not alone in this. It has been done by several Pacific Governments. And the same economic principle is involved every time one of them makes a special issue of postage stamps.

'T’IME lies heavy on idle hands; per- * haps that is why South Seas people on furlough spin such tall yarns over a “mug” or two. We heard this one recently, in Sydney, from an Islands man. who solemnly tried to tell us it actually happened in his home port; but perhaps it was the twinkle in his eye that made us take) it cum grano salis.

As a well-known trim white liner came into port (he sa'd) a grimy copra schooner floated immediately in front of her.

“Clear out of the way with that old scow,” shouted an officer on the bridge.

A round face appeared over the cabin hatchway.

“Are you the captain of that vessel?”

“No,” answered the officer.

“Then speak to your equals,” came from the copra-boat. “I’m the captain of this!” ♦ ♦ ♦ /Congratulations to His Lordship the Bishop of Melanesia for the way in which the Mission’s financial statement for the year ended June 30, 1937, has been set out, as published recently m Australian ecclesiastical journals. The annual accounts, involving expenditure of over £37,000 in Melanesia, have been presented in great detail, showing in a readily-understandable fashion exactly how much money was received in contributions from each source and how it was at each of the Mission’s stations, incidentally. the low figure for, the overhead and administrative cost 6 of the Sydney office (the Diocesan base) suggests that in Major Robinson, the Mission has, not only an indefatigable secretary, but also a commercial manager of some status.

Watch Wau!

THE following is entirely my own opinion, given for what it is worth.

Two things are likely to provide the New Guinea goldfields town of Wau with a rosier condition than once seemed possible.

Wau is the centre of activities of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. That concern, after years of muddling and waste, now appears to have come under the control of businesslike people, who will make it pay. In addition to deep-mining and milling at Edie Creek, and milling at Golden Ridges, there will be sluicing on Koranga Creek, dredging on the Bulolo flats south of the gorge (as the result of an agreement made between N.G. Goldfields Ltd. and Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd.), and another set of activities (not yet defined) on the alluvial flats recently examined by Mr. Lang.

These things are going to keep Wau busy. , Furthermore, Wau is in the picture created by the search for a new site for the capital.

The committee may recommend the establishment of the capital in cou «try not hitherto settled by Europeans. But, if not Wau has an excellent chance of selection. In the latter event, Wau would be connected by road with a seaport and that in turn, would make it possible to work much gold-bearing country aroun ■Wau that now is unprofitable owing to high transport costs.

It is interesting to recall that, in the PIM in the middle of 1934, I urged that Wau should be the capital of New Guinea.

These are more than possibilities. I think that there is money to he by people who can see what is likely to happen to Wau. —R.W.R. 9 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21. 1937

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About Islands People

Mr. A. G. Jacobson, of Sigatoka, Fiji, has been transferred bv the Seventh Day Adventist Mission to Rarotonga to take over the superintendency of the S.D.A.

Mission in the Cook Group.

Rt. Rev. P. N. W. Strong (Bishop of New Guinea), who has been touring Australia to obtain funds and to waken general public interest in his diocese, sailed for Papua by the Montoro from Brisbane on December 10. Before his departure, he stated that the response to his appeal for funds has been most encouraging.

Miss L. A. Haw'kes, formerly of Norfolk Island, took up duties as Matron of the hospital on Niue Island, Central Pacific, during November.

Pastor G. L. Sterling, of Papeete, Tahiti, who has had 30 years’ experience in Eastern Pacific, has been transferred by the S.D.A. Mission to Longburn, New Zealand Mr. Leslie V. Waterhouse, of Sydney, has been elected President of the Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy for 1938. Mr. Waterhouse graduated at Sydney University in 1909 as Bachelor of Engineering in Mining and Metallurgy. He is a director of Placer Development Ltd., Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., and Guinea Airways Ltd.

Crown Prince Tuboutoa, of Tonga, who is a law student at the University of Sydney, left Sydney in December and joined the Matua at Auckland. He will spend Christmas with his mother, Queen Salote, at Nukualofa. The Prince will return to Sydney in March. Arrangements are being made for his only surviving brother, Prince Jione Gu, to complete his studies in New Zealand.

Mr. George H. Murray, Director of Agriculture in New Guinea, and Mrs.

Murray, are at present in Sydney. They will return to Rabaul early in the New Year.

Miss Mamie Reid, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Reid, of Rarotonga, Cook Islands, was married at St. Philip’s Church, Sydney, on December 7 to Mr.

S. J. Rubenstein, of Wellington, New Zealand. The bride, who is a talented musician, was formerly on the staff of the N.Z. National Broadcasting Service.

They will make their home in Sydney.

Rev. and Mrs. N. G. Pardey, of the Methodist Mission, arrived in New Zealand at the end of November on, board the Matua from Apia. He is principal of the Piula College, Western Samoa.

Lefagaoalii (Mrs. Alfred Page), chieftainess of the Pacific Islands Club, Sydney, received a Christmas present from members of the Council at the gathering on December 8. The president (Dr. H lan Hogbin) congratulated Mrs. Page on being the club’s first chieftainess. The gift took the form of a jug and glasses.

Mr. R. H. Patterson, a former plantation-owner in Samoa, arrived in New Zealand by the last Matua, after having spent 12 months in the Cook Group recuperating from a severe illness.

Mr. Theo Thomas, of Bitapaka, New Guinea, married Miss Doris Jacques, of Petersham, Sydney, at St. George’s Church, Rabaul, on November 12.

Rev. R, H. Green, Methodist missionary of Davuilevu, Fiji, returned to Suva in mid-November by the Mariposa after a world tour.

Mr. Ken Allsop, of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., Rabaul, arrived in Australia by the November Macdhui from New Guinea. He will spend his holidays in New South Wales and Victoria. 10 Pacific Is lan d's Monthly, December 21, 1937

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About Islands People

Chief Judge S. Morling, of Western Samoa, arrived in Auckland, N.Z., by the Matua on November 29, accompanied bv Mrs. Morling. He will return to Apia in January.

Ben Valentine, the Fijian middleweight boxer, who went to England a year or so ago, has been meeting with great success. One prominent British sporting paper regards him as a distinct “find.”

Mr. F. O. Rundnagel, of Reiven, Kokopo, New Britain, arrived in Sydnev from Rabaul by the Nellore in mid- November.

Sister K. M. Murray, one of the most popular and highly respected members of the New Guinea nursing service, was married at Salamaua on November 16 to Mr. John Devaney, another well-known and well-liked member of the community. The couple were showered with greetings and best wishes for their future happiness.

Mr. W. A. Bock, Papuan Government Printer, completed 25 years’ service on November 22—a1l served in the Printing Department.

Mr. R. K. Lewis, of the Public Works Dept, of Papua, died in a Sydney hospital in December. He arrived from Port Moresby in November, after many weeks of sickness. He had been a resident of Papua for a number of years, and, before entering the service, he had been in business in Port Moresby and Samarai. He left a widow and young child.

Mr. G. M. Rogers, who has been engaged in commerce pursuits at Woodlark Island, has been appointed a Patrol Officer in the Papuan service, and will be stationed at Kairuku.

Mr. F. H. Cotton, accompanied by his family, arrived in Auckland, N.Z., from Aitutaki, Cook Islands, by the Matua at the end of November, Miss Robertson, senior sister at the European Hospital at Port Moresby, left by the Macdhui in November for Samarai, to take up the position of Matron of the European Hospital there. Miss Protheroe, from Salamaua, has taken up duty at the Port Moresby Hospital.

The only Australian in the whole of the Society of the Divine Word, which extends throughout the world, came from the United States not long ago and joined the Society’s famous Mission at Alexishafcn, near Madang, in the Mandated Territory of New Guinea. He is Rev. Vincent A.

Wheeler, S.V.D. He was born in Brisbane in 1895 and studied for the priesthood at St. Patrick’s Seminary, Manly, Sydney, between 1916-22.

Prior to that, he lived in South Africa. He spent some year* serving in various Australian parishes and, in 1934, he joined the Society of the Divine Word, spent two years at the Society’s headquarters near Chicago, U.S.A., and subsequently served for some time in America. Father Wheeler arrived in Alexishafcn early in 1937.

The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

Next gathering, February, at Hotel Carlton, Sydney. Address communications to: The Honorary Secretary, THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB, C/o Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, George St., Sydney.

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Mr. D. Scobie, of the N.G. Lands Department, who spent a short holiday in Australia after a trip to the East with his wife, sailed from Sydney for Rabaul, New Guinea, by the Nellore on December 11.

W. M. HUGHES Minister in Charge of Territories COME Lttle surprise and a great deal of pleasure were expressed in the Western Pacific territories, when it was announced at the end of November that the Right Hon. W. M. Hughes, P.C.— Australia’s famous wartime Prime Minister—had accepted the portfolio of External Affairs in the new Federal Cabinet and would be the Minister in Charge of the Territories.

Nearly always, in former Cabinets, the charge of Pacific territories has been given to an Assistant Minister or to a not very conspicuous minister. The decision to place External Affairs and Territories in charge of a statesman of the experience and ability of Mr. Hughes was taken as a compliment by the Territories—and especially by the returned soldiers.

Actually, however, it is a rather significant development. It indicate) recognition of the fact that the Pacific territories are of supreme importance to Australia in relation to foreign affairs and defence, in that they lie directly across the path of any possible invasion from Asia and must be held securely.

This, we hope, means, as a necessary part of our secure hold on the territories, that Australia will undertake vigorously the obligation to encourasre European settlement in Papua and New Guinea.

The New Hebrides

It may be taken, also, as likely, that at an early date the relationship of Australia towards the Condominium of the New Hebrides and the Protectorate of the Solomon Islands will be more clearlv defined. The plan under which Australia would accept direct administrative responsibility in the New Hebrides is certain to be revived.

A man of broad vision like Mr. may be expected to see the Pacific picture from the Australian standpoint much more clearly than it has been seen in the past. It mav even be no^ibl o + ' > hope, now, that something will be don' 3 to orpqte a tropical administrative corns to look after Australia’s administrative obligations in New Guinea, Pnnua. the Northern Territory, New Hebrides.

Nauru. Norfolk Island, and (we hope) the Solomons.

Rev. and Mrs. C- Steley, of Nottingham, England, arrived in Papua with their infant son during November to ioin the staff of the London Missionary Society.

Mr, P. Paramore, who recently resigned from the Samoan Constabulary, arrived in New Zealand by the November I.laui Pomare.

Rt. Hon. W. M. Hughes, P.C. 12 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Malo Submits A Programme

New Force In Western Samoa Politics From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 28.

THE “New Mau” party the correct title of which is the Malo, or pro- Government party—has submitted to the Acting - Administrator a “programme” containing 22 points. This explains the growth of the Malo, and the objects for which it strives.

It opposes Mau against the largest district of Western Samoa.

Vaimauga East, as shown in the distribution of Faipu'e.

It objects to participation of Europeans of mixed descent in native politics.

It opposes the levy of taxes by the Mau for the Mau.

It protests against the maintenance of Mau organisation solely for interference in the constitutional government, and for obstructing peace and harmony amongst the Samoans.

It opposes the replacement of Land and Title Commissioners by inexperienced highly-paid Samoan judges.

It objects to control of Government appointments by the Mau; to the existence of a Mau police alongside the Government police; and to the activities of Mau officials who dictate to the Faipule.

It objects to the abuse of the Tumua authority (abolished by the German Governor, Dr. Solf as highly detrimental to Samoa) being revived again by the Mau; and to Samoan self-government, without European participation, for which Samoans are not yet ready or educated.

It objects to a Mau monopoly of Legislative Councillors and native judges: and to interference by the Mau Vaimoso office, in making representations on behalf of' Samoans which should be made solely by the Faipule.

The Malo wishes to retain the present heads of departments (especially Police, Public Works, Customs and Banana Scheme) in recognition of their efficient work, while the Mau has asked for the retirement of present high officials.

The Malo asks for the reinstatement of Hon. Malietoa as Legislative Councillor, and opposed the appointment of Native Judges in the High Court.

Newspaper Controversy

The publication of the foregoing brought forth a lively reply, and defence, from the Mau officials; and the argument has been going on ever since.

The appearance of the Malo, in such marked and growing strength, has caused perturbation in the Mau—which, having been formally recognised by the N.Z.

Government and the “Goodwill Mission,” thought it was going to control the future administration of Samoa. But it used its strength arrogantly and insolently— with the inevitable result that most of the responsible elements among the Samoans, the Europeans and the localborn have become anti-Mau.

A Mau delegation is going to New Zealand; but the N.Z. Government will not be allowed to forget that a very strong and well-organised Malo now is in existence in Samoa, and that the rights of minorities must be respected in future.

Right Rev. S. Davies, Bishop of Carpentaria, departed from Sydney *or Thursday Island by the Merkur on December 8. 13 Pacific Islands Monthly, Decemfcer 2 1, 19 3 7

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Coronation Medals

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Extraordinary Situation in the New Hebrides A CURIOUS and embarrassing situation arose between the natives of the New Hebrides and the British Administration over the distribution of Coronation Medals.

During his recent cruise through the Islands, the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific (Sir Arthur Richards) made a gracious gesture by presenting to native chiefs and teachers a decorative medal, as a token of friendship and goodwill on the occasion of the Coronation.

But, to the astonishment of both British and French settlers, the distribution evoked no demonstration of loyalty and affection from the natives but, on the contrary, everywhere provoked resentment and even disaffection.

In no quarter did the disconcerting reaction cause greater surprise than ih Government circles, where the officials were completely at a loss to account for the apparently hostile behaviour of the natives. To investigate its origin, the two Resident Commissioners, British and French, in accordance with Condominium regulations, issued a joint summons to the paramount chief of one of the northern islands, to appear before them at Vila, and explain the objections of the, chiefs to the Coronation medals.

At first, it appeared as if the natives, acting under the influence of herd psychology, were carried away by an alarmist rumour that the Coronation medals were a prelude to the imposition of a poll-tax. In recent years, the dread of this levy has been a disturbing undercurrent in native life; and when, oni the distribution of the medals, the scaremongers proclaimed that a poll-tax would come into operation in 1938, the legend spread through the islands like wildfire and was sufficient to inflame the natives into a ferment of excitement and apprehension.

But the real reason lies deeper,"

When the labour traffic between Queensland and the New Hebrides was in operation, 40 years ago, the natives, on being signed-on, were presented by the recruiting officer with identification discs, which- he euphemistically called “medals.” They were worn round the neck and the bearer was known, not by his name, but by his number. As might be supposed, from the circumstances, the medal was not popular.

As soon as the Coronation medals were introduced, their likeness to the Queensland discs was quickly noted and the memories of the “old hands” went back to the medals of the. recruiting officer.

Apprehensive lest their introduction was an adroit move on the part of the Government to enlist recruits, they warned their fellow islanders against accepting the medals.

So widespread and deeply rooted was the hostility engendered that it could only be explained by the sudden emergence of a surge of tribal feeling. Expostulate with them as one might about its absurdity, it was impossible to dislodge the obsession from the native mind.

The panic has brought to light a movement which, in recent years, has been latent in native politics and. though freely discussed around native camp-fires, has hitherto been working Underground —A Melanesian Nazism, whose'slogan is: “the Islands for the Islanders.”

Mr. V. C. Gabriel, accountant at Messrs.

Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., Samarai, Eastern Papua, arrived in Sydney with his wife and small son by the November Macdhui on three months’ leave.

Brigadier-General W. Ramsay Me- Nicfoll, Administrator of New Guinea, who came to Sydney in November to confer with the Federal Cabinet about the future of Rabaul, departed from Sydney for N.G. by the Neptuna on December 15. 14 pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 19 3 7

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Mr. R. S. Duff, of the Samoan Department of Native Affairs, has received an appointment as ethnologist at the Canterbury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Mr. H. H. Geoghegan, a well-known New Guinea planter who owned Old Massawa estate, Gainings, New Britain, died in hospital at Randwick, Sydney, in mid- November.

Mr. F. H. Croaker has been appointed a Commissioner of Customs in the Gilbert and Ellice Group in place of Mr.

J. K. Albfrell, who recently left the Colony.

Saw-Mill At Wau, New Guinea

Broadcast of Copra Prices TTHROUGH the courtesy and enterprise of Amalgamated Wireless (A’sia) Limited, planters in the South Seas are now able to learn very expeditiously each week the current London quotations for copra.

Islands produce prices are regularly broadcast from Sydney as the first item in the news bulletin from A.W.A.’s world range short-wave station VK2ME each Sunday at 9 p.m., and Monday at 1.30 a.m. (Sydney time). Operating on a 31.28 wave length (9590 kilocycles), VK2ME transmits a special programme on Sundays between 4 p.m. and 6 p.m. (0600- 0800 G.M.T.) and 8 p.m. and midnight (1000-1400 G.M.T.); and on Mondays between midnight and 2 a.m. (1400-1600 G.M.T.).

Mr. John Young, of Norfolk Island, married Miss Dawn Smith, of Lord Howe Island, at St. Barnabas’ Chapel, N. 1., on November 22.

Mr. G. A. Anderson’s saw-mill at Wau, Mandated Territory of New Guinea, showing his labour line and hauling team. Holding permits covering 304 hectares, Mr. Anderson is milling timber, mostly pine, for the local and export demand. Photo: T. A. Olsson. 15 Pacific P s lands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Photos Of Goldfields

DISTRICT, NEW GUINEA, FOR SALE I have over 3,000 negatives available, showing Mines and Mining Work, Aerial Transport and Aeroplanes, Natives, Native Life, Scenery, Towns, etc.

Photos, in any size, from 1" x li" up to full plate. Postcard photos., 6d. each. Send for some photos, of the gold mine you are interested in.

Agent for: Leica Cameras and accessories; Agfa Cameras and material. Stocks always on hand.

THOS. A. OLSSON, Photographer Box 47, WAU, New Guinea A Menu for the Week

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Fatal Accident In Wau

Death of Mr. James Stewart ONE of the best known men on the Morobe Goldfield, New Guinea, Mr.

James Stewart, was accidentally killed in Wau in mid-November.

Mr. Stewart and Mr. Wallie Corden left the lower hotel, in Mr. Corden’s motor-truck, to go to Corden’s place. Mr.

Corden was driving. The truck failed to take a corner, ran off the road, and overturned. Mr. Stewart was very badly injured, and died three hours later in hospital, in the presence of his wife and sisters.

Mr. and Mrs. Stewart have been associated with the goldfield since its beginning— ever since Mrs. Stewart opened the Bulolo Hotel, at Wau, and “Jim” tried his luck with shovel and dish. He was a happy, companionable type, whom everyone held in high regard. He was generous to a fault: many are the men whom he had helped over the stony patches.

He was himself, like all prospectors, a super-optimist, and usually had a mine somewhere which was about to become a Golconda; but such is the irony of life!—it did seem recently that his mining interests were about to turn out trumps. He was a public-spirited man— no Morobe movement for the public good failed to enlist his support.

There was much public sympathy for Mrs. Stewart. The funeral was the largest ever seen in Wau—3o9 Europeans gathered at the graveside. There were three services ordinary, Masonic, and Buffalos. The Hotel Bulolo boys marched to the cemetery in their uniforms, and carried large crosses and wreaths made by them out of flowers. Sixty-five motor vehicles were included in the funeral procession.

New Fiji Yachi

Provision For Guns and Mine-sweeping TTIIE Legislative Council of Fiji, in November, decided to provide £50,000 for the construction of a motor vessel to replace the Government yacht Pioneer.

It is proposed to build the vessel at Hong Kong.

In addition to a suite for the Governor and other officials, accommodation will also be provided for tourists and others who desire to visit the out-of-the-way islands off the regular trade routes. Provision wdll be made for two guns to be mounted forward and the stern has been specially designed for mine-sweeping.

Opium Smuggler Caught

AT APIA From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 24.

VI7HEN the N.Z. Government steamer Maui Pomare arrived: in Apia on her last trip, information received by the authorities led to the arrest of a sailor, Edward Reid, as he came ashore. A search revealed that he carried with him four tins of prepared opium containing 1 2-3rd lbs. of the drug ready for smoking.

Charged in Apia High Court with importing opium and being in possession of the drug, he pleaded guilty and was fined £5O. The fine was paid by the captain of the Maui Pomare, four members of the crew standing guarantors for the amount due, , Opium smuggling convictions were more frequent in former years, when a large number of Chinese coolies were drug users. At present the number of opium smokers is believed to be insignificant and, consequently, opium smuggling does not pay as previously. 16 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1537

Expenditure Sale of Bullion £ f Holden Ridpres 75,416 107.311 Edie Creek 103,875 131,632 Alluvial s 23,802 64.357 Tributers .— 8.763 Other Receipts -— 7,937 Totals 203,183 320,000 Handy Drinking Gups m Set of four highly polished Nickel Beakers in leather case - 457- Set of six highly polished Nickel Beakers In leather case - - 63/-

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Japanese Training Ship

Death Cheats Justice

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Nov. 22.

THOMASI Saiti, the young Tongan who * was sentenced in September to five years’ imprisonment for manslaughter in connection with a motor lorry accident involving the death of two native women, died in Vaikeli prison on November 13, from typhoid fever.

Mr. A. P. Procter, accountant with Morris, Hedstrom Ltd. in Western Samoa, arrived in New Zealand from Apia by the November Matua. He was accompanied by Mrs. Procter.

Better Outlook For N.G.

Goldfields Ltd.

What Annual Accounts Show A REPORT more encouraging than any seen for some years was issued by New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. for the year ended September 30, 1937, and was submitted to shareholders at the annual meeting on December 8. It set out the position of the enterprise with some exactitude, and provided a dividend of 5 per cent.

This was in sharp contrast to the regime that ended with the resignation of Mr. J. P. Blaikie Webster from the managing-directorship in June last. Then, the annual accounts were not disclosed for three or four months after the close of the financial year; the report was mostly calamity-howling and pessimism: and, although large profits were shown, there was nothing for shareholders. The new board, under Mr. J. Kruttschnitt, gives a different and more favourable impression.

The report shows that the year’s operations resulted thus: This represents a gross profit of £117,000. It was brought down to a net profit of £88,742 by writing off £16,780 to general depreciation, and by the general overhead costs. Moreover, included in the expenditure Qharged against the various branches of operation, there is £23,383 written off ore development accounts (included as a capital item in previous years).

The issued capital of this Co. is £1,118,083, and, with the net profit for 1936-7 added, there is an accumulation of no less than £413,338 in the profit and loss account. A good deal of this has been used on capital expenditure during the past two years; but, on September 30, there was £222,000 cash and £56,131 ow- The Japanese Government M.V. “Hakuyo Maru”, entering the harbour at Thursday Island in November. Carrying 40 students of the Imperial Fisheries Institute, she is reported to be one of the most modern and scientific training ships afloat.

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'*■ ' r* % ing by sundry debtors —ample to pay a dividend, and carry on.

The prospects of the Co. are outlined in interesting fashion in the annual report of the consulting engineers (which is dated London, November 10, and issued in Sydney on November 24!). They may be summarised thus; No. 5 vein (branching off Edie vein No. 2 on No, 3 level) indicates “a substantial addition to tonnage” of “better than average grade ore.”

Little is said about the future of Edie Creek mine and mill. Over 41,000 tons of ore was taken from the veins, as follows:—No. 2, 27,291 tons; No. 1, 6,314; No. 5, 4,764; Karuka, 2,834.

The Golden Ridges mill is being reconstructed. It will take the remaining 5000 tons of ore at Lower Ridges; ore, probably, from Golden Peaks, which is now being investigated; and ore from Upper Ridges, where investigations have added about 20.000 tons to the Upper Ridges reserves. The apparently improved outlook for Golden Ridges induced the directors to buy the Day Dawn slime plant (at Edie Creek) and this is to be transported to Golden Ridges and incorporated in the mill, where provision is being made for the separate treatment of sands and slimes.

The Keystone drill investigation in the Koranga-Wau alluvial area, under Mr.

E. A. Lang, showed 6.300,000 cyds., worth 12.56 pence per yard, on an “ultraconservative” estimate. Other engineers made it 9,591,000 yards, worth 12.47 pence. The best method of profitably working those deposits are now being studied.

It is indicated that, during the next two or three years. N.G.G. will (a) carry on the Edie Creek mill, on ore taken, comparatively cheaply, from above No. 1 level of No. 1 shaft, and above the Karuka crosscut level on the Karuka vein—and this will allow profitable operations for two years; tb) carrv on the reconstructed Golden Ridges mill, in the manner described; (cl develop the Knransra-Wau alluvials. as indicated.

It will be surprising; if this Co., under the new management and the new conditions does not become a steady payer of a dividend in the neighbourhood of 10 per c°nt. per annum.

The Annual Meeting

Although there was a very large atteudanee of curious shareholders at the annual meeting on December 8. and although the replies of the chairman ''Mr.

Krnttschnitt) to numerous ouestions were so tempered by caution and restraint as to give verv little additional information the meeting was in good temper. The shareholders thanked the directors, expressed the opinion that the enterprise is now in very competent hands, and were confident that they now wi l ! receive regular dividends.

One shareholder accused the directors of issuing a report that was altogether too pessimistic, in view of the directors’ own admissions: but the chairman refused to be drawn. One gathered that activities are proceeding satisfactorily— and the meeting left it at that.

Four-master Becomes Floating Base for P.A. Airways T>ENAMED the Tradevyind, the fourmasted American schooner Margaret F. Sterling (2,000 tons), which was recently bought and recommissioned by Pan-American Airways, sailed out of Seattle in November for Kingman Reef in Central Pacific toi act as a permanent base tender and supply ship for P.A.A.’s North and South Pacific air services.

Diesel engines propelling twin screws have been installed aboard the windjammer as auxiliary power, but towering sticks and sails will be used on her two or three ocean voyages to Honolulu and U.S.A. each year and on trips between P.A.A.’s Islands bases. A special radio station, including a long-range direction finder, and a fully equipped weather op servatory for weather map-making and upper air observations, have been installed amidships.

The Tradewind has a crew of 12, under the command of Capt. Helvor Mikkelsen, a master in sail for 14 years. Captain Mikkelsen holds the existing sail record of 14 days from Honolulu to Seattle, made in the Tusitala in 1925. .Mr. Norman W. Hutchinson, a past president of the Australian Association of British Manufacturers, has Deen elected Deputy Chairman of Directors of Ruston and Hornsby (Aust.) Pty. Ltd,, Melbourne, whose products (engines, home-lighting sets, etc.) are well known throughout the Islands. 19 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

STAMPS Packets of stamps containing: no common issues, world-wide variety, airmails, etc., best value in Australia, at 1/-, 2/G, 5/-, 10/-, 15/-, 20/-, 25/-, 30/-, 40/-. Money back guarantee. Also beginners packets. Larger quantities at same prices Albums: 4/6, 7/-, 13/6; with maps, 16/-, 27/6; loose-leaf, 10/-, 20/-, 40/-, etc. All post free.

Wanted immediately, for cash, quantities of 100 and more Papua £d and 2d; also Tongans and Coronations.

S. B. PAGE, Yolande, Coonamble, N.S.W., Aust.

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Catholic Mission

Centenary In Tonga

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Nov. 19.

TVURING the last week of October, the centenary celebrations of the first landing of Roman Catholic priests in Tonga were held at Vavau, where they came ashore. There was the usual dancing and feasting, so dear to the hearts of Tongans on festive occasions, as well as the customary presentations of foodstuffs, mats, tapas, etc.

Lavish Wedding At

AITUTAKI 10-Years-Old C.I. Boating Tragedy Recalled From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Nov. 22. festivities of unusual lav- . ” ishness for the outer islands of the Cook Group took place in Aitutaki on November 2, when Ponia Maka, eldest son of Maka Beritane, was married to Naomi MacLeod, eldest daughter of the late J. E. MacLeod, of Atiu.

Captain A. A. Luckham, C.8.E., acted as best man and the bride was given away by Mr. Robert McKegg, managing director of the Cook Is. Trading Co. Over 100 persons sat down to lunch in the large copra shed on Messrs. Jagger and Harvey’s premises, where a still greater number were invited to a dance the same evening. Maka Beritane, the bridegroom’s father, has been in charge of Jagger and Harvey’s Aitutaki business for the past 20 years, and is probably one of the most successful traders in the Group.

The wedding recalls a tragedy of 10 years ago, when the bride’s father was drowned off Atiu reef, following the capsizing of a small sailing boat.

Leaving shore with eight natives and his nine-years-old son, Mr. MacLeod intended to return on Saturday afternoon.

A fresh sea was running and some distance from land the boat capsized, the tin baler sinking. Despite one of the natives swimming ashore and informing the Resident Agent, nothing was done beyond a half-hearted and unsuccessful attempt to launch a boat through the surf.

During the night one native died from exposure and two others who started out for the shore, were never again seen.

The remainder, crouching in the waterlogged boat, took turns at holding the little boy. By Sunday afternoon they had drifted close in to the reef on the weather side of the island, where a heavy surf was pounding the coral. Into this they now swam, the least exhausted bearing MacLeod’s son on his back. All the natives managed to reach land, but Mr. Mac- Leod was last seen struggling in the grip of the huge seas. The little lad died from the effects of his exposure the following day.

Mr. MacLeod was a son of Dr. James MacLeod, well known in Sydney medical circles.

Death Of Chinese Baker

AT APIA From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 15.

AT an inquest held before Judge Morling in connection with the death of a Chinese baker, Chong Wah. after an affray with a Samoan, Ue’a, at the bakery or Emil Fabricius in August, a verdict was given that the native acted in selfdefence when the Chinese threatened him with an axe. Uela had been charged with manslaughter, when Chong Wah died in hospital, following the brawl.

The Wedding Group. 20 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

REVENUE FROM TAXES Customs Native Other Total f £ £ £ 1932-33 22,458 11,673 29,941 64,072 1933-34 20,181 9,437 25,125 54.743 1934-35 ™ 21,823 13,823 26,007 61,653 1935-36 _ 25.710 13,401 27.548 66,659 1936-37 ...... 32,696 13,620 27,155 73,471 Imports and exports were as follows: 1936 1937 Imports £42,897 £66.063 Exports £58,591 £97.762 Total £101,488 £163,825 The two main exports (copra and bananas) compared as follows: — 1936 1937 Copra .... 5,941 tons 6,706 tons (£53,142) (£94.792) Bananas .... 17,078 cases 9,462 cases (£4,848) (£2,822) I’m always tired Doctor, even wake tired Think I need a 1 •\ Tonic ?

Jr \ Night-Starvations your trouble, my boy. What you need is Horlicks.

The demands of ihe day's work require vitality body and mind refreshed and energised during sleep.

If you wake tired, it is impossibl to concentrate properly or to d.> justice to your own capacity for good work.

Doctors describe this condition as Night Starvation that is, failur to replace energy which is used up while you sleep.

If you wake “tired” Start taking Horlicks.

Horlicks taken regularly at bedtime, stores your body with the necessary vitality to meet the demands of the most exacting climate.

Horlicks already contains milk so where milk is scarce you may use water only but use rather more Horlicks to bring out the full flavour.

Horlicks may be taken either Hot or Cold according to your own taste.

Ask your Chemist nr Storekeeper to-day for a bottle of Horlicks. (14% oz. size costs 3/- in all main towns throughout the British Pacific Islands.) o st tk "v to H c Of Gl a u. °Us o* ort. 3609 k, ft, >o V , HORLICKS

Guards Against Night-Starvation

Tonga Turns The Corner

The Benefit of Carefully-Planned Budgets From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Nov. 20. r "PHAT Tonga has definitely turned its * back on “old man Depression” is disclosed by the annual statement of the Tongan Treasurer for the year ended June 30, 1937, published in the October Government Gazette , No. 21. The Kingdom’s finance is now in a more healthy state than it has been for some time, as the following figures show: There was a surplus of £17 534 for 1936- 37, the total expenditure being £55,937.

This shows how carefully the budget had been planned and balanced.

Tonga’s trade for the six months ended June 3b amounted to £163,825, as compared with £101,488 for the corresponding period of 1936. The high ruling price of copra was responsible for this increase.

However, banana exports to New Zealand were 2,795 cases below the quota—due to the considerable damage done to the crops by the February hurricane.

Customs revenue on imports for the period amounted to £10,905, which was £3,991 in excess of the corresponding period of 1936.

Death Of First White Woman

Who Lived In Mew Guinea

From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, Dec. 3.

A PTER serving for 45 years as a missionary of the Sisters of Our Lady of the Sacred Heart, Sister Marie Katharine died suddenly at the Convent of Our Lady, Kokopo, on November 16, at the age of 70. She arrived in German New Guinea in 1892 to establish a mission station, and was the first white woman to live in the territory.

Sister Katharine (Mile. Marie Rosteux) was born in Mans, France, and joined the Sisters’ order at an early age. As the first Sister, she served at many stations in primitive New Guinea in the face of danger and innumerable difficulties. Her accumulated knowledge of native languages and customs was amazing. 21 Pacific fsfands Monffify, December 2 1, I 9 3 7

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Why Is There No Malaria In Fiji?

Interesting Discussion of a Subject Which Officialdom Ignores Letter to the Editor.

Ab I have had considerable experience in health campaigns conducted by the various Governments of the Pacific and the Rockefeller Foundation of U.S.A.

I was interested in “Planes as Germ Carriers” and your editorial note in your journal of September.

Your conclusion that there are no diseases endemic in New Guinea which dc not already exist in Australia, and that it is much more important to watch' carefully the airmail service between Asia and Australia, via Darwin, is correct in general.

But, although the Australian Medical Services have done wonderful work with the funds and equipment at their disposal, complete medical surveys or entomological surveys have not been performed and there may be some diseases foreign to Australia still unrecognised.

Perhaps Dr. Torrance meant that New Guinea could be an intermediate country in the spread of yellow fever from America to Australia. This could easily occur, with the much more rapid transit by aeroplanes facilitating the transport of infected mosquitoes.

Yellow fever and malaria are similar diseases only insofar that they are both transmitted by mosquitoes. The life history and breeding habits of the vectors are entirely different. The vector of yellow fever is hardy in comparison to the anophelines. The vector of yellow fever abounds throughout the Pacific and Australia, and (as can be deduced from Dr. Torrance’s statement): “Only one mosquito infected with yellow fever is necessary to create a reservoir of infection for the millions of the same type of mosquito to rapidly disseminate the disease.”

In the Pacific, yellow fever would be disastrous. The people have no immunity and it could be almost safely said that almost every home throughout the Pacific has its vectors of yellow fever. A person developing yellow fever soon after arrival in any Pacific port may be the commencement of a disastrous outbreak of the disease, unless the disease was readily recognised and every precaution taken to prevent the vectors biting the person during the infective stage—which is only for a short period during an attack of yellow fever.

In the Pacific, though, the general rule is that medical practitioners have such large areas to control, and such poor means of co-operation, that they can see only a small proportion of people under their charge, and the possibilities are that yellow fever would be widespread and uncontrollable before it would be recognised.

Urgent Need For Survey

IN regard to your statement that Fiji 1 has the anopheles and material swamps, I should like to draw your attention to the following abstract from a report to the League of Nations compiled by Dr. R. W. Cilento and Dr. P.

Harmant in 1929: “Malaria is the next subject that demands attention, the disease which of all others definitely marks off North Melanesia from South Melanesia, and the possibility of the introduction of which into Fiji or New Caledonia is regarded with trepidation by the Administrations.

“Factors which have prevented up to the present the introduction of the disease into these Territories have not been definitely determined. It is considered that malaria does not exist in either Territory because anophelines have not been found, but there is no adequate evidence of the non-existence of anophelines other than (1) the accepted fact of the absence of malaria; and (2) that anophelines have not been discovered by any entomological collector in the few investigations that have been made with regard to the mosquito population.

“Both for filariasis and malaria, it is most desirable that there should be a comprehensive entomological survey of the whole of Melanesia, extending over a considerable period, and dealing intimately with the question of the vector or vectors of each disease in particular localities.

“Combined with such an investigation, there should be an examination of the whole of the literature which at present exists on the question of mosquito fauna 22 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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in Melanesia, the whole being finally tabulated in order that there might be produced as complete a picture as possible in a readily accessible form. It is considered that this is one of the most important features of co-ordinated research that could be instituted at present in the Pacific.”

Such a survey as recommended could also include a thorough survey of the vector of yellow fever, at least making possible rapid control measures in the event of yellow fever being introduced.

A valuable piece of educational work would also result. The vector of yellow fever is also the vector of dengue fever.

Transmission Of Malaria

are many kinds of anopheles * mosquitoes, but only a few of the species have so far proved to be capable of effectively transmitting malaria. Still, this does not mean that those anophelines, which have been proved malaria carriers in the comparatively few investigations are the only ones which can transmit malarial infection.

Personally, I have never seen anophelines in Fiji, Tonga, or Rotuma. If any observer has ever reported them, care should be exercised to determine if they are of the type suitable for the transmission of malaria.

In regard to your comparison between yellow fever and malaria, it may be safely stated that in the few mosquito investigations that have been conducted in Southern Melanesia and Polynesia malarial anophelines have not been reported whereas aedesaegypti and its kindred, the proved vector of yellow fever, is widespread.

Fiji certainly has swamps which should be ideal for anopheles, right in the vicinity of the chief ports of entry. Of recent times, all boats arriving in Fiji from malarious areas are adequately fumigated. In the early days, transport was slow and mosquitoes probably succumbed before reaching Fiji.

VOUR queries in regard to the regional distribution of malaria are certainly questions which malariologists would like to be able to answer. Funds and facilities alone have* prevented definite answers to your questions.

Mystery Of Regional Malaria

A S to -why malaria is regional, I would like to draw your attention to the following: (1) Besides only a few types of anophelines being able to transmit malaria, there must also be a reservoir of infection, and the transmission of malaria by anophelines is complicated. (2) The regular North-east trades extend to and include the New Hebrides. (3) The distances between the islands in the chain of islands from New Guinea to the New Hebrides is comparatively small. Not that anophelines would fly from island to island along the archipelago, but gradual extension from island to island would be possible by migration. This would also make sure of a reservoir of infection being migrated at the same time as the anophelines. (4) Of comparatively recent times immigration has been from Polynesia to Melanesia. The South-east trades have helped this.

Anopheles are not found on all islands or areas of Northern Melanesia. I have good reasons to believe that generally speaking anopheles can breed only in a few places on the lowlands, or valleys and plains of the highlands. Of course, exceptions occur.

Insofar as Europeans are concerned they have settled on the lowlands and the general impression is formed that malaria is widespread. This is not the case, and is readily demonstrated by the fact that when natives from highlands, small islands, and natives of Polynesian extraction are brought to the plantations and missions on the coastal plains, they suffer much from acute malaria. This is because they have no immunity to malaria and multiple infections take place, and not because they have brought malaria with them.

In the New Hebrides, it might be said that malarial areas are very small in comparison to the area of the New Hebrides. The Europeans were sold ‘Tabu” land by the natives and in almost all cases malaria was the primary cause of the “tabu.” Filariasis, another mosquito-borne disease, has also played a minor part in this direction, The general impression is that lowered temperature is the reason for lack of malaria on the small islands and highlands. In the New Hebrides, none of the hills or mountains are high enough (unless on Santo) for any extreme change of temperature. The chief reason for the absence of malaria on most of the small islands and highlands is: There is. a t the most, only a very small coastal 23 Pacific Islands Montfify, December 2 1, 19 3 7

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plain on the small islands; and ridges constitute the highlands where natives dwell. Consequently, rapid drainage is assured. Anophelines have to deposit eggs on the water, from which develop larvae, then pupaq, and then the mosquito.

While in certain countries eggs and larvae have been found in back eddies, they cannot be expected to remain long enough for complete development in torrents which rush down steeply inclined hills to the sea. Any eggs deposited by migratory anophelines on the sides would be washed down to the coastal flats.

This also applies to New Guinea, Papua and the Solomons. Of course irrigation on the sides of hills has to be taken into consideration in some areas.

The natives of Maewo, New Hebrides, believed that “big legs” (elephantiasis) was caused through eating too much wet taro. This could not be; but a little consideration showed that in growing wet taro an ideal breeding ground for the vector of filariasis would result.

There is much medical and entomological work necessary in the Pacific. 1 believe that the breeding grounds of mosquitoes capable of transmitting diseases in the Pacific are comparatively small. A thorough co-ordinated investigation would define breeding places of the vectors of malaria, filariasis, yellow fever and dengue fever, and in most instances would determine control measures at a moderate cost.

Infective yellow fever mosquitoes have been kept alive from seven weeks to three months. There are authentic records of yellow fever developing on boats some considerable time after leaving infected ports, through infected mosquitos making the ship their habitat.

Yellow fever has been transferred from country to country by experimental transportation of infected mosquitoes.

Precautionary measures recommended all depend upon local peculiarities and complete mosquito control at airports and vicinity.

I am, etc., WILLIAM J. TULLY. 16 Bridge Street, Sydney.

Tongan Builder’S Death

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Nov. 18.

A WELL-KNOWN member of Nukualofa’s European community, Mr.

Alfred S. Boyer, died in Auckland, New Zealand, after undergoing two operations, at the end of October.

Born at Thames, N.Z., 66 years ago, he went to Melbourne as a youth, and later took passage for Tonga on the German barque Lulteck. During his 45 years in the Kingdom, he tried his hand at planting and trading but his chief occupation was a builder and contractor.

Among the more notable buildings erected are the Roman Catholic ConveSP at Neiafu, the Anglican Church (a ferroconcrete structure) at Nukualofa, and Burns Philp (S.S.) Co.’s new store.

MR. A. S. BOYER Photo: Hettig.

FOR ACE s e c y GH 10. * s* o r S.123 25 Pacific Islands Monthly. December 21, 1937

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First Loloma Gold

SHIPMENT From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Nov. 24. *T*HE first yield of gold produced at the Loloma Mine, Tavua, was recently brought to Suva for shipment to Australia. It amounted to 1,857 ounces, and was valued at about £A12,000.

Adjustments have now been made to the treatment plant and it shduld soon, be in full swing, when the mine will be producing regularly.

Mr. R. H. French, of Coconut Products Ltd., Pondo, New Britain, arrived in Sydney by the Montoro on December 3.

He was accompanied by his wife.

"Doc" Vernon

'T'HE man who gave constant attention 1 to Jack Hides and the'late David Lyall when they returned to civilisation at Daru recently, after their hazardous gold-seeking expedition into the interior of Papua, was Dr. G. H. Vernon, M.C., F.R.G.S.A., one of the best-loved characters of the Coral Sea (wrote lon Idriess in a recent issue of the Sydney Mai').

The war not holding enough adventure for him, he accepted the job of Government Medical Officer at Thursday Island, where the colourful life of the famed pearling port occupied him for 10 years, said Mr. Idriess. As a break in the monotony, he tramped through the wilds of Dutch New Guinea, which is the wildest, most interesting, dangerous, and unexplored area remaining on the globe.

As a lone white man with a few daredevil carriers, he tramped across the great mountain chain, so noted for its upheavals and enormous landslides, at the head of the Fly, and carried on down through the least known areas of Papua.

His long, somewhat gaunt figure in khaki shorts, with limbs brown as berries, was familiar to every man of the pearling fleets and to every sea nomad of the Coral Sea, as he strode down the little main street of Thursday Island backwards and forwards to the hospital at Vivien Point. His long, keen face with the big nose and somewhat dreamy eyes, has gazed sympathetically upon many a sufferer, white and brown, yellow and black, and of every shade in between.

But the wanderlust continually claimed him. Again and again he embarked on some crazy cutter bound on a voyage— goodness knows where. Again and again, he would return with the light of new places shining from his eyes, new people on mountain peaks, strange villages hid in the depths of the jungle, “swamp rats” that disappear like a shadow at the sound of man, new islands and queer ships, and steam clouds from volcanoes he had seen. Rejuvenated with a wonderful energy, he would chain himself a slave to work again—until the wanderlust called once more.

At last, what all Thursday Island had expected, but hoped would not happen, occurred. The old “Doc” resigned, and sailed to Daru (Western Papua) to start Dr. G. H. Vernon (right) resting with a colleague. Dr. W. M. Bettington, just after having performed a serious operation at the Thursday Island hospital when he was Government Medical Officer at T.I. some years ago. 26 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 193?

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a plantation and doctor the natives from a base much nearer the great dark island continent that was always irresistibly calling him. Daru, a lonely island within a few miles of Papua’s shores, is head-quarters of the Western Division.

From there “Doc” Vernon could more easily make his trips to inland Papua, and particularly the Gulf area, where are the mouths of mighty rivers that lead far up through walls of jungle to marvelous swamps in which reside strange people, and floating islands, and countless millions of wild fowl.

I guessed that Daru could not hold him for long. In the heart of the primeval jungle on the great Oriomo he will set to work soon to carve a new home. When he has learned all he can of the tribesmen there, when he has felled a few mighty trees qnd built a house and made a garden spring up in the wilderness, then the wanderlust will call again, the vast breadth of the jungle, and the lure of distant peaks will take him further in still, always further in.

I often think of the “Doc” away back there. I can see his tall form tramping through the jungle, his dreaming eyes alight as they pierce the gloom, while that nose of his points ever forward to far, far away, where the great mountain peaks are lost in the clouds that come down from the sky.

It is men like Dr. Vernon who have made the British Empire the mightiest Power on earth.

Soon They'll Be Digging Up Tahiti !

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Nov. 24.

TPHERE are people who say that no * country can be truly civilised until it has adopted golf. By that standard our islands notwithstanding motors, jazz, bridge-parties, beach-costumes, radios, and aeroplanes—is still lurking in the twilight of barbarism!

This disability is now about to be removed. A golf club is in the making and a site has been selected on a plateau in the Papeari Taravao district. This plateau commands a most beautiful view overlooking the almost land-locked bay between greater Tahiti and Taiarapu, the peninsular. From most angles this body of water appears more like a mountaingirt lake in Equatorial Africa than an arm of the sea in a South Pacific Island.

Just how to endow this site with the heathery Scottish atmosphere traditional to golf will be a problem. There are indeed mature and mellow Scotsmen, and mature and mellow Scotch, in Tahiti, but the plateau is high up, rather inaccessible, and the going is hard on old bones.

Golf without the burr-r-r of Saint Andrews and the peaty aura of Glenlivet i.? as devoid of character as a game of hockey, and how can the exasperation of topped shots and missed putts be lifted from the soul so satisfyingly as by the rich, sonorous periods of Gaelic profanity?

It will be necessary, therefore, to construct a roadway of sufficiently easy grade to convey comfortably the elderly sons of Scotland (and the other necessary ingredients) to the plateau; or*a stout-legged, strong-backed gillie from Skye will have to be imported as instructor and caretaker, if the royal and venerable game is to be instituted in due and ancient form.

Monsieur Georges Lagarde has been created a Chevalier de la Legion d’Honneur by the Government of France in recognition of his 40 years of distinguished service in French Oceania. For many years, M. Lagarde was Administrator of the Marquesas Group, later serving in the same capacity in the Leeward Islands. He has also had long service with the Papeete Customs Department as Chief of Customs.

More Teeth For ” Uncle Sam "

In The Pacific

From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Dec. 2.

ADDING more teeth to the potent U.S. navy base at Pearl Harbour, near Honolulu, the Navy administration announced in November that an entire division of submarines is to be transferred from San Diego, California, for patrol work in the Hawaiian Islands.

At present there are three divisions based at Pearl Harbour. The new division will include the latest long-range subs.

Nautilus, Dolphin and Narwhal. They will be replaced at San Diego by the brand new subs. Perch, Pickerel, Plunger, Pollack, Pompano and Permit. 27 Pacific Islan d'.s Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Homage To Old

TABWIA Native Missionary, Still Alive, Honoured In Christian Jubilee On Nauru. ( Contributed ) 'VTAURU, the isle of Pacific contrasts, recently celebrated the coming of Christianity to its shores 50 years ago.

It was then known as “Pleasant Island” and the “Sailor’s Paradise”, for the girls, with garlands of flowers and pleasant smiles, were sirens of irrestible attractiveness. The women and the palm oil were responsible for the first white men living on Nauru. And as, at different times, these traders landed, so they became centres of authority, and many were the clashes between rivals.

Before this, all power had been vested in a kind of queen. To her were taken the disputes about land, quarrels about wives, ownership of property, etc., and after hearing the pros and cons she gave judgment like a Mrs. Solomon. Her decisions were respected, and this primitive court of law worked satisfactorily. But this simple order of society was soon dispelled, and might became right.

It was into a disrupted social order that Tabwia, a young Gilbertese stepped ashore from the ship Morning Star to bring “the message of peace and goodwill among men.” The Nauruans’ religion had been one of ghost and ancestral worship, together with a respect amounting almost to homage of mediums, or wise women, who foretold future events. The ex-pugilist Captain Walkup, hero of many adventures, who finally lost his life on a missionary tour of the Gilberts, brought Tabwia to Nauru in November, 1887.

Thus was planted the seed which has grown into such a strong healthy plant, the Protestant Church of Nauru.

There have been changes of Government, from German Administration to a British Mandate, changes in the content and form of religion, in the face of the island, and in the coast line. Out on the edge of the reef are the natives, in their I ghtly-constructed canoes, dipping their paddles in age-old fashion and urging their craft to prospective fishing places.

And, beyond them, is the gaunt cantilever, jutting arrogantly above the frail native boats, belching phosphate into a 8,000 tons ship; its arms, like the antennae of a robot, swinging smoothly across the reef. An isle of contrasts!

Christianity has caught the imagination of the Nauruans. The entire Bible has been translated, together with a hymn book. In 1900, portions of the Scriptures and some hymns were “dupli- The ceremony at the monument which marks the spot where Tabwia landed 50 years ago. 28 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Tabwia had previously returned to the Gilberts and the first white missionary was Rev. Phil. A. Delaporte, of the American Mission, to whom goes great credit for his advancement of the Nauruans. Just as the war brought changes in other parts of the world so the Administration and mission were altered. The London Missionary Society continued to build on the firm foundations already laid, and acknowledges its indebtedness to those who have gone before.

The Jubilee began on November 2, and the celebrations continued until the evening of November 8. In the Government schools, the English taught is of a sufficiently high standard to enable the missionaries to give the children several books each, written in English. But they probably were more excited over receiving a suitably-inscribed bright aluminium medal, which they pinned on their singlets or dresses.

The pioneer, Timoteo Tabwia, was honoured on November 5, when about 1,000 folk met outside the Mission House and marched, with banners flying and the band playing and people singing, to the spot where he landed 50 years ago. Here the original landing was dramatised and the part of Tabwia was taken by Morning Star, a special Gilbertese visitor from Ocean Island, who was born on the ship from which he took his name when sailing from Honolulu to the Caroline Islands. It was this same ship which brought Tabwia to Nauru.

Then the assemblage moved to a monument erected to the memory of Tabwia, with a tablet commemorating his landing, which was unveiled by His Honour the Administrator (Captain Garsia). A letter was also read from Tabwia, who is still alive on Tarawa, but is too old to make the journey and join in the celebrations. The ceremonies concluded by Morning Star planting a Tomano tree, which the children of the next 50 years will have as a living memory of this occasion.

New Co. Formed To Utilise

Coconut Shell

A COMPANY has been formed in Nouto install plant in New Caledonia and the New Hebrides to utilise the Johnson process for the carbonisation of coconut shell and other waste Islands materials for industrial purposes. Members of the syndicate interested in the new project are Messrs. W. H. Caporn, S. T. Anderson, A. Mercier, L. Collardeau, G. Ventrillon, and H. Ferrand.

It was reported from Malaya recently that copra planters there were putting in similar special machinery to produce 25 tons of clean, hard charcoal a month.

Coconut charcoal is in constant demand in Europe for making gasmasks.

Mrs. R. C. Evans, wife of the Town Clerk at Suva, accompanied by Mrs. I).

B. Smith, arrived in Australia by the Aorangi in November.

Wandering Yachtsmen

From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Dec. 3.

A FTER a prolonged cruise through the Tahitian and Marquesan Isles, Parley Van Wagoner and Harry G. Albright, Americans, arrived here in November, 53 days out of Papeete, in their 38ft, ketch Mundeano. Leaving San Diego, U.S.A., in April the pair planned a leisurely world cruise, but Mr. Van Wagoner has been forced to return to Los Angeles for a major surgical operation. Mr. Albright, a newspaperman, will remain here indefinitely.

They reported seeing in Papeete Capt.

Ernest Gilling, seasoned bearded New Zealand wanderer, in his yacht Valkyrie. 29 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, (937

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From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Nov. 23.

OOME idea of what the pineapple industry might mean to Fiji if developed with vigour and scientific supervision, is given by a summary of the season just ended by the Hawaiian Pineapple Company, whose Honolulu cannery is the world’s largest.

New records were established. In the season, which ran from July 2 to September 25, the 11,700 men and women employed were paid $2,500,000 in wages.

These were only part-time or seasonal employees. The great cannery piled up some 4,000,000 working hours in this short period. Round-the-clock shifts are worked. The canned products are shipped to every corner of the globe.

Captain F. G. Forster, of the Fiji Defence Force, was recently awarded the Efficiency Decoration.

When Statistics Speak Louder Than Mere Offensiveness!

History of German Colonisation In New Guinea Letter to the Editor. unnecessarily offensive letter of “Redrabit” in the October number ot the in which he not only attacks Mr. W. R. Humphries’ views of 20 years ago, but the Administrations of both Papua and New Guinea, contains no clear ideas and is self-contradictory.

Mr. Humphries’ “first-hand impressions” of German Administration in N.G. made (as he stated) without investigation, as he passed through on his patrol with six police in 1917, from the Papuan Gulf to Huon Gulf, in German New Guinea, was generally acknowledged at the time as a correct estimate of what was understood to be Germany’s policy of colonial administration. Namely—to concentrate upon the coastal and settled areas, and to leave the interior untouched until such time as the needs of the settlements demanded their attention.

The fact that “Redrabit”, in his inland travels, came across Germans, with Malays, shooting birds-of-paradise, years before Mr. Humphries’ visit, and such pioneers as Schmidt, Eidlebach, and Soltwedel, hardly indicates administrative activities in the interior.

On the rare occasions when German officers of the New Guinea Administration penetrated into the interior, their efforts were usually concentrated upon some special investigation, such as Captain Detzner’s expedition from Morobe in 1914, when, accompanied by Sergeant Konradt, 25 armed police, 45 carriers, and four attendants, he set forth to survey the boundary line.

That the policy of concentration along the costal areas was recognised as an established part of German colonial procedure, both in Africa and New Guinea, can be gathered from a report of Count Dernburg (Secretary of State for German Colonies) when, in referring to the colonies in Africa in 1907, he denounced the German system: “Where expenditure was concentrated upon the adornment of the towns and the comfort of the townspeople, to the neglect of the natives of the interior.”

It has been stated that Germans made many mistakes in the early days of colonial administration. The lack of colonial experience and often the lack of sympathy with, or the understanding of, native people over whom they had assumed a protectorate, were contributing causes in the retarded development of their colonies.

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HALLSTROMS PTY. LTD., Willoughby, Sydney which German New Guinea and Papua were first established is impracticable.

German New Guinea was annexed as a commercial enterprise—Papua purely because of its strategic importance.

German New Guinea was from 1885 to 1899 (except for three years 1889-92) under the administration of the New Guinea Company, an amalgamation of a number of firms, who had been granted a charter by the Imperial Government to administer the territory. Repeated complaints against the company’s organisation forced the Imperial Government to take over the reins, and an agreement was made, and ratified in 1899 with the Reichstag, by which the possession and administration was transferred to the Empire, in return for a subsidy of £20,000 a year, to be continued for 10 years. The company retained extensive rights for its development.

The Imperial Government, besides this measure, heavily subsidised their own Administration and, with the assistance given to the firm Norddeutscher Lloyd (which since 1885 had been granted four million marks annually for 15 years to foster German trade in the Pacific and Australia and in the Mediterranean) the colony, unhampered by altruism in their relation with the natives, had ample means to carry out an expensive and elaborate programme for the comfort of the settlements and the development of the coastlands.

In very few, if any, of the German colonies, did local revenue meet local expenditure. The deficiency between revenue and expenditure was met by subsidies from the Imperial Government. In German East Africa, for instance, in no case during the first 21 years of its existence as a colony, had the local revenue reached 60 per cent, of local expenditure.

From the time when, in 1884, Great Britain declared a protectorate over what now is known as Papua, Australia has expended less than £2,000,000 on the upkeep and development of the territory.

During the past 30 years, Government influence has been spread and consolidated and very little remains to establish law and order in the remotest corners of the country. The budget, at the end of the financial year 1936-7, showed that Papua had completed one of the best years in its history—and that without a wealthy mining industry to bolster up its revenue.

Papua, surely, shows a creditable record of colonial administration. In both native and commercial achievements the Territory compares favourably with other colonies having similar conditions.

I am, etc., BLUE FOX.

Port Moresby, 24/11/37.

Mrs. A. Barker, wife of Hon. Alport Barker, proprietor of the Fiji Times and Herald, was a passenger for Vancouver by the November Niagara from Suva.

Mr. J. R. Neville, Chief Officer of the Fiji Government’s yacht Pioneer, sailed from Suva by the November Aorangi on leave.

Reunion In Fiji

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Nov. 28.

WITH 142 present, the annual reunion of the Fiji Returned Sailors’ and Soldiers’ Association at McDonald’s Hotel, Suva, on November 13, was the most successful in the Association’s history. The number present was a record.

The Governor (Sir Arthur Richards), who is Patron of the Association, attended, and the President (Major W. E.

Willoughby Tottenham) presided. The Loyal toast and that of the Patron were proposed by the President. Fallen Cppirades was proposed by Mr. R. F. Pickering, and the Services by Mr. 0. M.

Samuel.

Messages were received from other parts, of the Group and also fropi as far afield as the Solomons, N.Z., and Australia.

At the annual general meeting of the United Progressive, Party ,of Western Samoa recently held at Apia, Mr. A. R.

Cobcroft was re-elected president. ' Dr.

C M. Dawson and Messrs. W. Clarke and P. Glover were elected new members of the executive. 31 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Languages Of The South

SEAS A VALUABLE collection of books and *** manuscripts on the languages of New Guinea and the South Seas, and the history of the New Guinea mission has been presented to the Oxley Library, Queensland, by the Rev. P. C. Shaw, of Nundah, who served with the New Guinea Anglican mission from 1900 to 1921.

Mr. R. N. Caldwell, a District Commissioner in Fiji, returned from leave by the November Niagara. He is at present stationed at Rewa.

Hawaii Governor At Apia

Visit Has No Political Significance From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 17. /"\N November 8 the U.S.S. coastguard cutter Taney arrived from Pago Pago with the Governor of Hawaii (Hon. B.

Poindexter) and an official party on •board to pay a three days’ informal visit to Western Samoa, after having spent five days in American Samoa.

Included in the party were high officials of the Division of Territories and Island Possessions and representatives of the American Air Corps. The Taney visited Jarvis, Baker, and Howland Islands and some of the Hawaiian students, relieved after their three months’ occupation of these lonely specks in the Pacific, were also on board the cutter.

During their Robinson Crusoe existence on the islands they had grown enormous beards which caused great amusement among the belles of Apia.

Apart from an official dinner at Vailima, visits to plantations and schools for officers and men, and a kava ceremony at Mulinu’u, no official functions were arranged, at the express wish of Governor Poindexter. After leaving Apia, the Taney paid a short visit to the neighbouring island of Savaii with the Native Secretary, Mr. C. G. R. McKay on board.

No Political Background

On the day the Taney arrived here, a radio broadcast was received from London stating that negotiations were on foot between Great Britain and U.S.A. regarding a transfer of certain islands in the Pacific to the latter. Residents excitedly discussed the possibilities of a transfer of the Western Samoa mandate from New Zealand to U.S.A. and the possible connection therewith of this visit of the Governor of Hawaii. It was, however, authoritatively stated that, the visit had no political significance whatsoever.

Official Visit 50 Years Ago

It is just 50 years since the visit of the last official party from Hawaii. On January 3, 1887, the Hawaiian armed cruiser Kaimiloa arrived at Apia with a delegation from the Hawaiian Government, under Envoy J. E. Bush. It had been sent by the Premier (Mr. ‘Gibson) to negotiate with the Samoan Government for a federation of the Pacific Islands.

The Samoan chiefs were presented with uniforms and decorated with Hawaiian orders. On February 17, a deed of federation was signed by Malietoa Laupepa and other chiefs.

The Hawaiian delegation, however, got into serious financial difficulties. The warship’s plate and gear had to be bartered for food, and the whole affair ended in a fiasco.

N.Z. Yacht Leaves Tonga

Fx-om Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Nov. 21. r T , HE yacht Ngataki left here for Auck- * land on November 6 with the skipperowner Mr. J. W. Wray and three of his companions. The fourth, Mr. D. Powell, stayed at Nukualofa.

On board as passengers were Mr. and Mrs. R. Donaldson with their children.

Mr. Donaldson is Officer-in-Charge of the Tongan Audit Department, and he has proceeded to Auckland on six months’ leave. The Ngataki was to call at Sunday Island en route to New Zealand.

Mr. Alfred F. Butler, of the research department of the United Fruit Co., Boston, U.S.A., arrived in Fiji by the Mariposa on November 18 to make investigations into the Sigatoka banana disease. 32 Pacific Islands Mdfithfy, December 2 1, 1937

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Evening Dress In The

TROPICS Letter to the Editor I IKE many other residents throughout J the Pacific, we be.ong to a stubborn and stiff-necked generation and have never ceased to protest, battle, and storm against the outrage of being forced by our womenfolk to abandon the cool, while, light-weight garments we were accustomed to wear at dinners, dances, and evening parties, and compelled to smother our bodies in the gloomy, stuffy habiliments' of formal evening dress.

In the old days, at Tahiti, no one ever thought of turning our jolly gatherings into nightmares of bodily discomfort to satisfy the requirements of some remote custom. We are rejoiced, however, to dis cover That we are not alone in our contumacy. A fellow-sufferer in far away England has raised the standard of revolt in no less important a journal than the London Truth.

“There are few more depressing sights,” he writes, “than a large number of persons assembled in full eveningdress , for a public dinner. Immaculate evening-dress is a miserable costume for eating dinner in, even if one does not have the misfortune to spill claret over it; for dancing it is catastrophic . . .”

And that is in the cold climate of England. In the tropical night of Tahiti, it is cataclysmic!

In addition to being the nadir of discomfort, the costume is ugly. A man in a perfectly-fitting tail coat looks like a'beetle; a man in a badly-fitting tail coat looks like the devil. We are aware that many of our male specimens apparently are insects: but we do not think that sufficient reason to reduce the whole sex to the least common denominator.

As to the devil: in this totalatarian age we are too heavily constrained to make ourselves look like Hitler or Mussolini or whomsoever may be the ruler of the country we inhabit, to make ourselves in the image of Satan, until such time as we shall have actually become naturalised citizens of his dominions!

I am, etc., COMFORT FIRST.

Papeete, Tahiti.

November 26, 1937.

Papuan Clay-Eaters

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Nov. 27.

TO a tribe on the Fly River, Papua, clay is a dietetic luxury. This fact was discovered by a Patrol Officer who recently returned to the coast from the middle reaches of the river.

The edible clay is pure white when dry, and is found in one locality only.

The tribesmen collect the clay, mould it into balls, and dry it in the sun. When required for use it is scraped into whatever food is being prepared. The natives believe that the clay is strong medicine— that it makes their heads clear and gives them courage in battle.

Library Service For

TERRITORIES PLANS for a circulating library service for isolated residents of Northern Australia, New Guinea, and Papua have been completed.

Three thousand books —the first instalment —will be despatched from Sydney early in the New Year. Patrol Officers, police, travellers —in fact, any trustworthy person —will be enlisted as carriers to lonely homes, where reading matter is a luxury.

The books, which will come from the National Library, Canberra, include all kinds of fairly recent works and fiction. 33 Pacific Islands Monthly. December 21, 1937

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P.A.A.'S Trans-Pacific Service

Completes First Year

INURING the first passenger year of Pan-American Airways service across the North Pacific (which was inaugurated in October, 1936), the Clippers have flown 1,500,000 miles in regular service across the Pacific, have carried some 2,000 passengers a total of 7,401,305 passenger miles, and moved 479,944 pounds of cargo in addition to air-mail without a single fatality or serious mishap. There were 286 woman and 37 children included in the first year’s passenger lists.

Since the extension of the original trans-Pacific air route to the Orient, from Manila to Hong Kong, there has developed a new travel route from the west coast of the United States to Europe.

Persons bound for European centres, who would formerly have had no alternative to transcontinental plane or train to Atlantic coast ports, there to board boats for Europe, are now travelling all-air from U.S.A. to Europe by way of the trans-Pacific and trans-Asian services.

Dr. Mavis Boyt, of the Methodist Mission’s Hospital .at Ba, Fiji, will retire early in 1938. She will be succeeded by Dr. Dorothy Delbridge, wife of Rev.

Harlan Delbridge, 8.A., of Westbury, Tasmania, who will arrive in the Colony about the middle of the year.

Death of Mrs. Jack Young, of Nauru THE first company of Nauruan Girl 1 Guides has lost its first captain, after having been organised a year by the Island Commissioner, the Administrator’s wife, Mrs. Garsia. Their captain Mrs. Jack Young, was stricken down suddenly with cerebral haemorrhage, and, after being unconscious for a few hours, passed away early in September, 1937.

Her funeral was conducted by Rev. C.

Walch, L.M.S., with whom she had worked in the little European Sunday School. The Nauruan Guides formed a guard of honour, each one feeling that she had lost a personal friend.

During her life’s short span, Mrs.

Young had, at intervals, spent several years in the Pacific Islands, and was deeply interested in the Pan-Pacific Conferences, and in many problems of the South Seas. She had filled different vacancies in the Methodist Mission in Fiji, conducting a kindergarten for Indian children for two years, and working among older Indian girls in a Suva School, Some years later, she organised a successful kindergarten for European children in Suva.

She entered into all her work with the same spirit of helpful enthusiasm. Her year’s work among the Nauruan girls had been preceded by five years of work among Girl Guides in Melbourne and British-Indian girls in Suva. She was esteemed for the simple sincerity of her character and her bright, happy nature.

Mr. Basil Hill, who has been practising as a barrister in New Guinea for the past three years, had his name transferred, at his own request, from the roll of barristers to that of solicitors, bv the Full Court of Australia in November.

Messrs. Malcolm E. Willoughby, William S. Christopher, and Richard T.

Skinner have been appointed cadets in the New Guinea Administration.

Mrs. Young, at the end of the group, photographed with some of her Girl Guides. 34 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Pacific Pathfinders

How the Galleons of Old Spain Came Into the Pacific

By Alan Hill

IN 1567, the court of the Viceroy of Peru was stirred from its usual somnolence. Sarmiento, a Spanish knight, and a student of old Peruvian manuscripts, claimed to have found detailed descriptions of certain islands, rich in gold and silver, lying far to the westward. He petitioned for the command of an expedition to seek them.

It is possible that Sarmiento desired to make a voyage of discoverv the excuse for leaving Peru. He had incurred the displeasure of the Inquisition: and the Civil Arm of the Holy Office had uncomfortable methods of dealing with those who fell foul of it.

Sarmiento was lucky: staying at the court at Lima was the Viceroy’s nephew, Alvaro de Mendana. This young man was a keen student of cosmographv, and had amassed considerable knowledge of the then-known physical features of the globe. He also held advanced theories on matters geographical, and anvthing relating to fresh discoveries intenselv interested him. Accordingly, Sarmiento’s Haims received Mendana’s support. The Viceroy’s nephew saw an onportunitv for a more ambitious voyage of exploration— a search for the Southern Continent which, he firmly believed, lay to the south-west of Peru.

With Mendana as a “friend at Court,”

Sarmiento was given a good hearing, and the Viceroy sanctioned the expedition.

First, the isles of gold and silver were to be sought; then Mendana’s theories of the Great South Land were to be investigated. Settlements were to be established in any lands discovered, and the territories annexed to Spain.

Two ships, of 250 and 107 tons respectively were equipned and a personnel recruited, consisting of 150 sailors, soldiers and miners. Mendana was commander-in-chief, assisted by Sarmiento, and Gallego, the chief pilot.

On November 19, 1567, the feast dav of Saint Isabel, the ships sailed from Callao, on a south-westerly course, which was held as far as latitude 16 deg. south.

No land had been sighted, and Mendana, on Gallego’s advice, ordered an alteration of course to west. This was contrary to Sarmiento’s wishes; still, west it was. for some 1900 miles, then again altered to a shade north of west.

The decision'in latitude 16 deg south was fateful. If Sarmiento had been heeded, the additional westing made before altering course would surelv have brought the Spaniards to the Eastern Australian coast —and there would have been no need for a sesqui-centenary in 1938!

Fifty-seven days out from Peru, land was sighted; one of a group later to be known as the Ellice Islands. Heavy surf prevented a landing. The discovery was named the Island of Jesus, and the expedition sailed on toward the setting sun, Twenty-three days later, more land was seen. Slowly it rose above the horizon; purple peaks and ranges, and a brilliant, verdant shoreline.

Gallego selected a sheltered cove. Down splashed the anchors, out swung the boats, and Mendana, with a large partv, disembarked on a pleasant, sandy beach.

Prayers were offered, a huge crucifix erected, and the banner of Spain unfurled, to float lazily in the sweltering tropical heat over that advance-guard of civilization, the first whites in Oceania!

Mendana, certain that he had discovered his continent, named the land Santa Ysabel, pious tribute to the patroness of the expedition.

The nucleus of a settlement was established, and the miners set to work, to look for gold. The shipwrights were busy, too, and soon a keel wa§ laid down that speedily grew into a taut little brigantine.

Short vovages in this craft dispelled Mendana’s hope of being the discoverer 35 Pacific Islands Monthly. December 21, 1937

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Every coastline was traced in an effort to prove Mendana’s theory. Along the shores of Guadalcanal and New Georgia the barquentine coasted, investigating native reports of great lands lying to the south. Always the “great lands” turned out to be islands, or fruits of the natives’ imaginations. And these natives—what of them ?

At the settlement, the Spaniards, with the queer mixture of piety and cruelty characteristic of the Dons of the times, had not endeared themselves to the original inhabitants. In justice, one must admit that the natives did little to inspire confidence; they were, as the reports state, “treacherous, barbarous, and addicted to the eating of human flesh.”

They maintained a persistent hostility to the newcomers.

The Spaniards met barbarity with barbarity, specialising in the peculiar methods of inhumanity that the Conquistadores usually dispensed to subject races.

Native attacks hampered the miners.

They found traces of gold, but, harassed by the islanders, were unable to work it.

After six months of hardship, toil and sickness, discontent ripened into incipient mutiny. The rank and file were heartily sick of the settlement. Hostile blacks prevented them from securing the wealth that apparently lay waiting to be dug from the ground. Supplies were low, and wounds and tropical diseases undermined the general morale.

Influenced by the grumblings, and still more by the havoc wrought in the wooden hulls of his ships by the Teredo—the borer-worm infesting those waters— Mendana reluctantly decided to leave Santa Ysabel, and to return to the Americas while his ships would still float.

The settlement was abandoned on August 11, 1568.

To avoid head winds, the course was laid for Mexico. On the passage, the explorers sighted, and landed on one of the islands of what is now the Marshall Group. There they made a curious find— a chisel, fashioned from a shipwright’s iron clout, obviously of European origin.

How did it get there? That remains one of the Pacific’s unsolved mysteries.

Driven north, Mendana’s ships made California on December 19, 1568. The voyagers rested for some months, reconditioning and recuperating. They returned to Callao in July, 1569, with nothing of value save information, and the expedition was counted a failure.

But, later, rumours began to circulate about the fabulous wealth of the lands discovered. Then, as now, public memory was short, and, after twenty ' l7 ear<? elapsed, the expedition was viewed through ultra-rose tinted glasses. Instead of returning practically empty-handed, Mendana was credited with bavin 0brought back treasure to the value of 40,000 pesos of gold, and vast quantities of cloves and ginger! They were popularly supposed to have discovered a land rich in precious stones, metals and spices.

Thus, the name we now have for that Pacific group, the Solomon Islands, came into, use.

Twenty-eight years after their discovery, Mendana led another expedition to colonize the Solomons. His wife, Dona Isabella, accompanied him.

If the first expedition was a failure, the second ran only be classed as a disaster. Sickness, mutiny, the loss of the second-in-command, Lope de Vega and his ship, all tended to place the seal of defeat on a particularly ill-starred venture.

Mendana did not even reach the Solomons. He died at the island of Santa Cruz, a heart-broken man. His gallant widow took command, and after a fruitless search for the Solomons gave up the quest. The fleet —what was left of it—with rotten ringing and leaking hul 1 " - . limped across to the Philippines. The retreat was piloted by de Quiros, a man whose name was later to loom largely in the records of Pacific discovery.

In spite of the failure of both expeditions to achieve anything of tangible and lasting value to his country, Mendana filled in quite a few of the blank spaces in the charts of his times. And so, when our trans-Pacific air tourists of the near future are scanning the route maps of the trip, their eyes will light on many names oahtying the stamp and ring of old Imperial Spain—the Spain whose galleons flaunted the red and gold of Castille across the oceans of the world, until they were harried from the seas by Elizabethan seadogs. 36 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Old Tahiti Lives Again

Notable Church Ceremonial At Bora Bora From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Nov. 16.

It/fANY hundreds of persons assembled at Bora Bora recently for the dedication of the new Protestant Church at Vaitape, the principal settlement on that island.

The ceremony was conducted by the Reverend Charles Vernier, the presiding pastor of the Protestant Mission in Fr.

Oceania, assisted by many pastors and deacons from all parts of the colony.

This handsome new edifice, built on the site of the church destroyed by a hurricane in 1926, will stand as a lasting memorial to Mehao, its old pastor. Mehao was one of the great orators of his generation. He was eloquent, not after the manner of the spectacular school; but rather in the phrasing of the soft Tahitian language, in balanced periods of euphony and beauty. During ten years, since the destruction of his old church, Mehao laboured unceasingly to amass funds and material for a new building.

Unhappily, he died before the time of dedication, while visiting Tahiti in 1936.

The dedication ceremony at Vaitape was, as well, a service in memory of Mehao.

The church destroyed in 1926 was of wood, completed at the end of 1925, and not yet dedicated. The present structure is of solid masonry, and it seats 800.

Tne assembly at the dedication was impressive and inspiring. On the high pulpit the black-clad clergy, flanking the two presiding pastors, Messrs. Vernier and Charpier; at places of honour, the Administrator of the Leeward Islands, his staff, and members of the old royal family; in the body of the church, over a thousand men, women and children, clothed in spotless white. Outside in the churchyard, hundreds of others listened to the service through the open windows.

Thirteen hundred had come from Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, Tahoa, Huahine and the little island of Maupiti, 23 miles wesL of Bora Bora.

A great feast was given after the ceremony, and at night—on the village green of Vaitape—massed choirs sang and orators spoke at an open-air service which continued until sunrise. The people of Bora Bora have long been famous tor their hospitality.

Every phase of this solemn festival— the dignity of ceremonial; the care for the needs and comfort of the many guests; the beauty of the choral singing and the eloquence of the orators —was the perfection of old Tahitian custom.

The celebrations continued for several days.

The overflow of Tahitians listening to the service at the dedication of the new Protestant Church, Vaitape, Bora Bora Island.

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Tahitian Princess Entertained

By President Of France

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Nov. 29.

Torea, the local newspaper published in the Tahitian language under the editorship of M. Francois Herve (lately Administrator of the Tuamotu Archipelago), has, in a recent issue, an interesting account of the reception accorded Princess Teriinui-o-Tahiti-a-Pomare at Paris. Accompanied by her niece, Moeterauri-Tetupaia-i-Hauviri, the Princess left Papeete for France last February.

At Paris they were received with great distinction by the President of the Republic, who entertained them at the Presidential Palace, placed his box at the opera at their disposal, and conducted them about the city in his own motor car. Ministers of the Government, likewise, showed them every consideration and listened with interest and sympathy to the account given by the Princess of the state and needs of French Oceania. The Princess and her niece saw the Paris International Exposition in May, and journeyed to London to witness the Coronation.

Miss G. Hardy arrived in Fiji from Sydney in November to be X-ray technician at the Suva general hospital.

Idriess’S Twelfth

" Over the Range " : An Account of the Far North-west TON IDRIESS’S twelfth book is to hand from the publishers, Messrs. Angus and Robertson, of Sydney. It is Over the Range, (6/-) and it is a lively, characteristically Idriess account of the author’s recent journey with the north-west police patrol through the Kimberley mountains —over 1200 miles of practically unknown Australia/.

Only six years have elapsed since Idriess, then a hard-working unknown journalist, wrote Prospecting -for Gold, and Lasseter’s Last Ride, and followed up his usual success quickly with other good Australian books. Lasseter is now in its 20th edition; Flynn of the Inland is in its 16th; Gold Dust and Ashes has gone into 11 editions; and The Cattle King into twelve. Every one of Idriess’s dozen books is selling well.

This is the most remarkable performance in the history of Australian authorship. Certain gentlemen, with definite ideas about their own gifts of authorship and critical faculties, sneered at Idriess’s early books, and talked of “riding on the publicity of a news story.”

But, since then, there have been many Idriess books, and all have gone into many editions. What is the secret?

Simply that Idriess brings to his unaffected account of outback Australia a superb knowledge of the wild, a lively sense of the dramatic, a quenchless humour, and a craftsmanship that is always improving. He tells us about outback Australia as it is, in all its stark rawness and its queerness of fauna and flora; and every word he says is read eagerly by a public that is sick of sexy novels, and of travel books wherein the scribbling graduates of film-houses and yellow newspapers posture and prattle and are consciously and insistently clever. Idriess now has shown us twelve times the kind of book that is demanded by a numerous and healthy Australian book-loving public.—R.

Mr. A. E. Baker, who has been head overseer for the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. at Nadi, Fiji, for nearly 20 years, arrived in Sydney from Suva by the Monterey on November 29. He has been transferred to Australia, and his place at Nadi has been taken by Mr.

Crawford, of Ba.

Rev. and Mrs. E. Lawton, of Norfolk Island, have been transferred to Lord Howe Island to take charge of the Anglican Church there. They have replaced Rev. and Mrs. E. C. Coleman, who recently were appointed to bt.

James’s, Pitt Town, New South Wales.

A new minister for N.I. will be appointed by the Archbishop of Sydney 38 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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A Day in the Life of a N.G. Housewife By “IMEB”

AN armful of fire-wood is thrown into the wood-box, the door of the stove squeaks protestingly, paper rustles, teacups and spoons rattle, and the housewife is dimly conscious that her houseboys are punctually on the job.

A soft tap on the bedroom door, thrice repeated before a sleepy masculine voice growls the necessary permission to enter, after which its owner promptly goes to sleep again. The feminine occupant of the room rouses sufficiently to watch the boy placfe her tea on the bedside table and decides she will just doze a little longer until the tea is cool enough to drink.

The boy pads softly around to the other table with tea for his lord and master.

Crash! A masculine voice, no longer sleepy, bursts forth —- “You dunderheaded so and so. You clumsy puk puk! What name you no look good along table, s’pose you like puttim tea!”

The boy, deeming silence his best defence, hurriedly gathers up the damaged crockery and beats a retreat. “Missus,” unperturbed, sips her tea, while her voluble spouse calms down. Time was, she reflects, when she, too, would have been agitated over the loss of that eggshell China cup. The regularity with which similar accidents had occurred during th© years she had spent in New Guinea, had made her blase in this respect (although she still remembers with a twinge, the time her Stuart crystal water jug had been used as a dipper for boiling water) and a rueful smile is all she now herself.

And so another day begins.

Bathed and dressed, “Missus” is about to go out into the house-cook to give her orders regarding breakfast, when a yell of pain and rage combined issues from the bathroom.

“Whose that ’e puttim wash wash belong me?” roars authority. “You fella like cookim skin belong me, huh ? Bringim plenty cold water quick time.” And the apprehensive culprit falls over his own feet and bargCs into every article near him in his efforts to grab the water jug.

BREAKFAST over, and the man of the house out of it without further incident or accident, she gives her orders for the day, and then sits down with pad and pencil to order stores. She calls her major domo, and when he stands before her, begins her questions re state of pantry supplies.

“What name something ’e finish along house-cook?”

He immediately assumes an air of 4ntelligence and importance, and bustles but with the remark “Me go lookim all something first time, Missus”—although he knows perfectly well just what items need to go on the list.

Back again to report: “Flour, ’e like finish.”

“Missus”: “How much ’e stop?”

M.D.: “Half, das all.”

“Missus”; “What name half. Big fella now lik lik?”

M.D.; “Big fella lik lik.”

From which the housewife concludes that there is still about a third of a tin on hand and does not put it on her list.

“Tea?” she interrogates.

M.D.; “Plenty ’e stop.”

“Missus”: “Sugar?”

M.D.: “Lik lik two mus.”

“Missus”: “Now what name? Along Friday before me buying plenty sugar, nuff along two fella week. Sikis fella day das all ’e finish—sugar ’e go where?”

M.D.: “Me no savvy, Missus.”

“Missus” (accusingly): “You fella kai kai im.”

M.D. (in hurt tone): “No got. Me no savvy kai kai sugar.”

“Missus”: “You gammon! All time sugar ’e finish quick time too mus. ’E go where? ’E no savvy walk about. Now what name?”

But as she, of course, expects, her only answer is an injured, “Me no savvy,” and then as a brilliant afterthought: “I tink annis (ants) ’e kai kai sugar, Missus.”

Knowing it to be useless to discuss 39 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, (337

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Copyright 1143. the matter further, she passes on to the next item—mentally resolving, however, that if “himself” does not soon repair the store-room lock she will have to make a proper mess of it by trying to fix it up. He would hdve to repair the damage after she had finished with it.

Inwardly chuckling over her idea, she almost forgives the cook-boy for stealing the sugar.

THE list at last complete, she dismisses the cook-boy and tells him to send in an underling to take the order to the store.

Five minutes after the boy has gone on the errand, comes the laundry-boy with the announcement, “Benzine he finish, Missus.”

Vexed, she answers: “You makim what name? You savvy Wenyit ’e catchem pass now ’e go finish along B.P. What name you no talkim me before?”

“Now das all me savvy, Missus. Me like lightem iron, now benzine ’e no got.”

Knowing full well that she was writing out the orders, he has allowed the messenger to depart thinking he, himself, will be sent to the store for petrol and he would thus idle away a perfectly good working hour. He thinks himself a very clever fellow, of course, though he realises that he seldom gets away with such things with this Missus —she is always up to his tricks. However, he considers there is no harm in trying.

She writes out the order and he grins as he holds out his hand expectantly for the “pass,” but his black face falls when she tells him to call the garden boy, and when he comes, despatches that worthy to the store instead.

Sulkily he returns to the laundry, but brightens when he remembers that the iron is not functioning properly. He purposely refrained from telling the master before he left the house that morning so that it would not be repaired until late in the day. Now is his chance to get his own back. Snatching up the iron, he takes it up to Missus, and with a triumphant light in his eyes (he does not dare to grin but it takes all his will power not to do so) announces, “Iron ’e broke, Missus.”

Furious, she endeavours to control her wrath. The ironing is already well behind schedule owing to rain.

“What name you no talkim me along time master ’e stop?” she demands.

“Tile loose ’im, Missus,” he answers, sullenly, as he realises how angry she is, although outwardly calm.

“No got! You no loose ’im, you humbug das all. You no like work to-day, you like humbug das all. Arright, me, me can humbug too. Along Saturday ’e come up you no can catchem tobac. Now you go work along garden to-day.”

Procrastination is never profitable, as he has already learned from previous experiments, but his memory is short. He decides that he has been very badly treated, becomes more sullen and resentful, and answers her back.

“Arright—maski tobac! Now me no can work more along to-day. Me no boy 40 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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belong garden, me boy belong washem clos now iron ’im das all.”

Discipline must be maintained among native servants. Cook-boy and house-boy outside are all attention. Who is going to win this bout? The Missus probably will, of course, but just supposing she does not win, what an advantage they will gain. They begin to speculate as to how far they will be able to “try” her in future.

For a moment she does nothing, and, thinking he has won the day, he turns to swagger out of the room, only to be brought to a humiliated halt as white hands smite him stingingly on his very large ears. He faces about, a nasty gleam coming into his eyes as he contemplates

Industry On N.G. Goldfields

Three photographs, by Rev. V. H. Sherwin, of Wau, showing phases of the activity on the Morobe goldfield, New Guinea. Top: Winning gold by sluicing on Bulolo Gold' Deposits’ claim. The overburden and wash, are sluiced away and run through a box, from 6ft. to 20ft. long, at the end of which are riffles. The gold, being heavy, is deposited in the riffles and the overburden is carried away to the stream. Centre: A saw-mill at Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd.’s No. 6 dredge site. Bottom: A tractor excavating a site for one of the new Bulolo dredges. 41 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 19 3 7

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r retaliation, but those steady blue eyes force his gaze to the floor. She does not speak and under that cold blue stare he begins to shuffle his feet. He does not know where to put his hands —he wishes she would look away. He is conscious of the giggles and whispers coming from the house-cook as the other two boys gloat over his discomfiture.

Finally, Missus speaks. “Arright, you wait,” and she takes up pen and paper and commences to write. He knows now what is going to happen—a note to the police master. “Oh, well! It is useless to rebel against authority,” he reflects and musing, is filled with wonder, as he has been many times before, that this frail white woman, who barely comes up to his shoulder, can subdue him so easily.

Timidly, he tries the effect of an apology.

“Me sorry too much, Missus. Me got plenty shame. Me like go now work along garden. Me savvy work strong too much to-day.”

For a moment she regards him, secretly pleased that she has gained victory Without invoking police aid, her prestige thus being considerably strengthened, and satisfied to warn him further, allows him to depart.

“The day has commenced rather badly,” soliloquises the Missus. “Good heavens! It’s my bridge afternoon and half the morning has gone”—which sudden remembrance results in her descent on the house-cook and a string of orders relating to firewood, heat of oven, preparation of ingredients, and an hour’s cooking making rich cakes and dainties that her guests probably will not eat— that is, if they have any respect for their figures.

SPEEDING her last departing guest, she reflects that the bridge afternoon at least has been a success, although it had been rather a strain keeping the conversation away from personal topics and scandal.

Oh, confound the animals! She observes that Mrs. Y’s two dogs have amused themselves by scampering all over her flower beds and she feels tearful as she gazes upon various uprooted cherished plants.

“Missus,” from the major domo. She turns to listen, giving him scant attention, her mind still sorrowing over her flowers. “Pussy-cat ’e die finish.”

“What!” she jerks out, in shocked surprise.

“Dog belong Missus Y killem pussycat.”

And she notices two tears standing in his large brown eyes. Ye gods, what a day! However, the damage is done, but she feels like shedding tears herself.

“Bossy,” half Persian, had been a cat with a personality, and well-respected by all canine visitors to her house. She had been an excellent ratter and contemptuous of all swaggering bullies who yapped and snapped and tried to intimidate her.

Pargu expresses himself forcibly: “Dog belong Missus killem puss cat belong you, now me like go killem dog belong Missus.”

“No got, Pargu, no can killem dog.

You go plantim pussy cat.”

He shakes his head disapprovingly.

Queer ideas they have, these whites. He prefers the creed of his fathers, an eye for an eye, two dogs for a cat. He had loved that cat, had petted and fondled it, and watched it grow from a tiny kitten into the fine specimen of smokegrey fur and green eyes it had at last become. Then his face brightens as he discerns a silver lining to this particular little cloud.

“Missus, me no like plantim puss-cat. ’E good fella kai kai too much.”

“No got! You go plantim. What name!

You sorry too much along pussy cat ’e die finish, now you talk along kai kai ’im.”

“Fashion belong me fella Sepik, Missus.

All time Sepik like kai kai puss-cat.”

“Me got plenty shame along you. You bush kanaka true. You no boy belong work along white man.”

The jibe finds its mark. To be classed as a bush kanaka, when he has been working for white masters for six) years, and prides himself upon his sophistication and civilised outlook on life!

Shamefacedly, he turns about.

“Arright, Missus, me go plantim quick time.”

But, nevertheless, in his heart, he deplores the waste of such delectable food.

SUDDENLY, Missus feels very weary.

She decides to retire early after dinner; and then remembers that “him- 42 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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A hasty dip into the recipe book in search of a quickly-made dessert, Instructions to the cook-boy regarding hors d'oeuvres , a peep into all the saucepans to see that everything is cooking as it should be, a warm shower, becoming dinner gown, and a fresh and charming hostess greets her husband’s guests as they step up onto the cool verandah.

She will not retire until midnight, but her husband’s friends will not even guess that she has allowed her mind to dwell on soft pillow and cool sheets in the course of the evening. She resolutely puts the thought of an “early night” from her mind and decides that it has not been such a bad day after all.

Yacht To Explore Holes

In Pacific Floor

PURCHASED early this year by the Scripps Institute of Oceanography, the U.S. racing yatch Serena has recently been completely refitted as an oceangoing laboratory, to explore the deepest holes in the floor of the Pacific Ocean.

Built 13 years ago, she is 108 tons and is equipped with a 20,000 fathom reel and other scientific apparatus. It is indicated that, before she goes into service in the South Seas, in 1938, her name probably will be changed to Carnegie, in memory of the Institute’s scientific yacht that blew up when her gasoline tanks were being filled at Apia, Western Samoa, in November, 1929.

Agricultural Fair Held at Tahiti From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Dec. 2.

A N agricultural fair, combined with an exhibition of native handicrafts and a carnival of sports, was opened on November 10 by His Excellency, Monsieur Chastenet de Gery, Governor of French Oceania. The programme was the most comprehensive ever undertaken in the colony and included every department of agricultural, horticultural, and industrial activity of the islands.

Until the 21st, the morning of each day was set apart for the inspection and judging of the exhibits. The afternoons were devoted to sports contests, such as horse-racing, tennis, fotball, and native dancing. A carnival was inaugurated on November 18 with the election of the Queen of the Exposition and her maids of honour. In the evening of the 19th, adepts from Raiatea celebrated the mysterious fire-walking ceremony.

The site of the Exposition—the Hippodome de La Fautaua —was lavishly prepared with buildings and pavilions constructed after the Tahitian fashion; newly-laid tennis courts; reconstructed race-tracks; and a new grandstand.

The executive officers of the Exposition were: President, M. Aumont, chef de la Circonscription Administrative de Tahiti et Dependances; Vice President, G. Bambridge, Mayor of Papeete; and committees of each section and the chiefs of the districts.

Have Papuan Natives

ANY "RIGHTS' 1 ?

The Commercial Viewpoint Letter to the Editor TN every Pacific journal to-day we are * confronted with dissertations on schemes for educating the primitive savage.

Have we not enough problems at hand in the Pacific, without creating new ones to confuse our already harassed territories? Have we lost our sense of proportion ? Does no one see the precipice ahead ?

It seems we are to raise the neolithic savage to a level where he will no longer be a useful unit in commercial development.

Everyone must know that successful colonial administration must be founded on Commerce, and the establishment of industries that utilise to the full the raw material provided by nature. Here in the Pacific we have one of the essential means to successful enterprise, namely, cheap labour, and a primitive subject race. And we, dependent on our labour supply for our very existence, and in total disregard of the blessing, as we might say, bestowed upon us by Divine Providence, are allowing ourselves to be blinded and led by the sickly sentimentality of an irresponsible few, into lending ourselves to fantastic educational schemes which will eventually deprive us of our very means of existence.

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native needs us. The maintenance and the extension of a white civilisation—and by that is meant Commerce and the Enterprise of Capital—is a matter of life and death to any colonial occupation.

Native education constitutes a grave danger to this extension. Once the native is permitted to question the supremacy and superiority of the whites, and the policy of differentation, every white man, woman and child will have to look for protection against a brown invasion.

It is ridiculous to suppose that the primitive savage, even with education, can ever range his intelligence with that of the white man. In every aspect, the European is undoubtedly the superior.

Even Aristotle, the “Master of those who know,” expelled as he thought for ever the ridiculous idea of the unity of the human race, by establishing the undoubted fact that mankind is divided into two classes—those who are born to be masters, and those who, as Aristotle put it, are “by nature slaves.”

Anyone not blinded by maudlin humanitarianism, must see that the European must necessarily be master and the native the servant—a condition that is an integral part of the natural order of human society, We have travelled far since Aristotle’s time, and even since 1856, when the Courts of the U.S.A. decided in the Dred Scott case that a black man has no rights which a white man is bound to respect; and since Renan denied that there was any reason for supposing that a Papuan (for instance) had an immortal soul, And though, to-day, we are willing enough to cede certain rights to our primitives, though perhaps not an immortal soul, it is clearly inadmissible that these ‘ rights” should be extended to educational schemes which will not only wrench the unfortunate savage out of his natural sphere, but hinder the progress of a territory’s development.

Natives have no rights, neither have we duties towards them beyond the common laws of humanity; and if the development of these business propositions which we call territories, cannot be achieved without infringing on these socalled rights, it is indeed unfortunate; but no European to-day can afford to permit Commerce and development to go to the wall for the sake of “high falutin” schemes which will destroy the balance of brown and white relationship, and the usefulness of a labour supply which is the very life blood of a country’s economic system.

There are signs to-day that our present policy of Native Administration is gradually ruining, not only the colonies in Africa, but those in the Pacific as well—as, indeed, must necessarily be the result of any policy that rests upon the repudiation not only of sciences, but ordinary common-sense.

I am, etc., PAPUAN.

Pt. Moresby, Papua.

Nov. 29, 1937.

Samoan Mandate

TRE Permanent Mandate Commission of the League of Nations on November 11 considered the report of the New Zealand Government on its administration of the mandate over Samoa for the year ended March 31 last. There was nothing of interest in the discussion.

Dr. Carel van Rappard (Switzerland), who presided, remarked that the optimistic reports submitted to the League regarding Samoa had often been contradicted by later developments. He said he thought that the New Zealand’s Government was sometimes over-optimistic in its reports.

Primitive Papuan Music

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Dec. 2.

TRAVELLERS among the Fuyughe tribe, inhabiting the hilly district between Yule Island and the central mountain range of Papua, have often been struck by the music-loving nature of the people. When they are camped at night on the flank of some steep ridge, the natives’ voices are always to be heard from across the valley, their notes ringing clear and melodious through the still mountain air.

Father Sorin, a priest of the Mission of the Sacred Heart, recently completed a collection of the Fuyughe songs which he sent to France, where it roused considerable interest. A thorough musical training at the Paris Conservatoire enabled him to record the notation and to write a series of descriptive notes about the primitive songs. 44 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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The British Consulate

ON TAHITI A NTEDATING by ten years the appointment by foreign governments of other consuls for the group, Captain Chanton, domiciled at the Hawaiian Islands, led the way. In 1825 Great Britain saw the need in both places and named Charlton as its representative “for the Georgian and Sandwich Islands.”

The present day misnomer of the former was unknown in London. Tne Foreign Office had on file the Reports of both Wallis and Cook. To Wallis (1767) the Sous-le-Vents were unknown: it fell to Cook (1769) to first learn of them, and upon them he bestowed the name of Society Islands, after the Royal Society, which had given him whole-hearted support. They lie a full hundred miles away from Tahiti, and were whoLy independent entities. Time and politics have brought about the change of name.

It was not till 1835 that the U.S.A. decided to follow the lead of Britain, and flhed the post in Tahiti with the Belgian, Moerenhout. These two men, in addition to their official position were a.so alike as the pioneer “rum-runners’’ of the South Pacific, defying Tahitian Laws and Orders, and both lost their posts in the main for that same cause.

Complaints oft and loud were made by the Tahitian authorities to both London and Washington. To London was added the complaint of the long absences of Charlton; he came when it suited him.

London saw the need of change, and Hawaii and Tahiti became separate jurisdictions. T. Elley, a local British resident, had acted as Vice-Consul since 1826 and was anxious to withdraw; he had had enough.

In February, 1837, whilst William IV. was King, George Pritchard received the appointment of Consul. This is not the time to deal with his stormy career; but as to his removal in 1844 the fact should be better known that the British Government were very far from being displeased with him. Thus they wrote to h.m; “Par from wishing to express any disapprobation of your conduct, it would be more conducive to your own comforts as well as to the good understanding between Great Britain and France that you should be replaced by some person who had been in no way connected with the transactions which have taken place within the last two years.” (Command Papers, No. 173). He went to Samoa.

He, like Charlton, had been acting in a dual consulship; the Sandwich Islands had been dropped, but the Friendly Islands had taken their place. Years later, Tahiti stood alone.

It is strange, but true, that there is no list of succeeding Consuls for Tahiti to be found in the Consulate records, nOF te there any to be found in British Governmental publications, where such should be. A request for this desired information has now gone forward to the Foreign Office, in the confident belief that it will meet with the usual courtesy of that office. Till then, it would be leading nowhere to give a few scattered names covering the century since Pritchard’s appointment, none of whom seem to have done more than faithfully to c?,rry out their duties. Once obtained, the list will be given publicity to a larger public than Tahiti and so complete this sketch of the Consuls themselves. !r T , HE Consulate site has a history of * its own. It was in 1818, when the second. Pomare ruled the island, that the L.M.S. decided to open a mission station in the fast developing new town of Papeete. It fell to the missionary W. P.

Crook to see the matter through. He had arrived on the Duff in 1797, had been left alone on the Marquesas that same year, where he remained for nigh two years, then revisited England. But the call of the South Sea was upon him, and in 1816 he reached Tahiti’s nighbouring isle, Moorea. Pomare had lately declared for Christianity as the religion of his kingdom, and had domiciled himself at Papeete. There was need of a new centre and it fell to Crook to see it done.

What has confused many searchers is the mention of Wilks’ Harbour as the scene of his work. The two names are synonymous. The L.M.S. men had the habit of giving names of their leaders ai Home to the places where they were stationed, creating villages at times into towns Waugh Town, Roby Town, Haweis Town, to name a few. Wilks was honoured with a harbour. He is often confused with the American Commodore 45 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Wilkes; but the man was one of the founders of the L.M.S., and the minister of the Tabernacle, Moorfields, London.

Every man must have his home, and Crook evidently wished to be on the safe side for his family. He had plenty of confidence, but took no chances, so he built his residence aloft on the mountainside, back of the developing settlement, where now the Semaphore and the Training School for native pastors stand. His correspondence is written from “Mount Hope, Wilks’ Harbour.” Brother Eliis evidently did not like the long climb, but puts it mildly: “Inconvenient on account of its distance from the settlement.”

For his church, Crook secured a fine stretch of waterfront property at the southern end of the little town, away from its northern end, where the oldtime Nanu had stood, and where settlement was thickest. The land was on the Paofai strip running back to the hills, and it is yet unproved who was the donor —whether the King, or the High Chief Paofai—for Pomare, like other chiefs, had portions of property in other strips than his own, of Vaiete. Be that as it may, it was ample for its purpose.

There soon rose, in order as follows, a native church, with spacious churchyard; a commodious pastor’s residence, in its own ground; another for visiting brethren, in its own ground; next to it, the printing office, also in its own ground; and finished with a plot, as a cemetery for the faithful.

So things remained till, in 1837, Queen Pomare decided that there must be a separate home for the British Consul, who was then living in the brethren’s residence. She solved the problem in quick order. The large and unused churchyard was the site, lying between the church and the main residence.

There the Consulate stands to-day, hard by the pastor, but a road divides it from the native church. Consul Pritchard thought that the site had been given personally to him and, on leaving, sought to sell it to the Home Government, but the Queen quickly undeceived him: She had given it to the nation which had done so much for her people. It was British soil, and to it she fled in her day of distress: it is British soil to-day, and we of to-day have pride in our home.

That land has been British soil for just a century. Its buildings, however, have seen much change. The present charming bungalow and neat office is but four years old, raised by orders from Home, and supervised with meticulous care by Dr. and Mrs. Williams. Alike with it, the native church has been in builders’ hands; but the pastor’s residence has an The Residence, British Consulate, Tahiti. 46 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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The rest of this valuable property was forced out 1 of church hands; but that is another and grievous story, which fully documented may be read some day. It was a fiercely “raw deal” and does credit to none. Haply, we have our home to-day, and a most worthy occupant; which is all that the above short summary of historical facts requires to complete, for those who fain would know, a sideglimpse into Tahiti’s past.

W. W. BOLTON.

The Vicissitudes Of A

Car-Engine

■THE first motor-car in Papua was im- * ported in 1915. It was a secondhand car, bought cheaply, and was intended to test the roads of Port Moresby for motor traffic. It was a great success.

By 1917, more cars came along and. ashamed of its shabbiness, its owner sold it to a merchant who converted it into a delivery truck. The body, built by a local carpenter, fell to pieces in a couple of years, and it was sold and used for heavy transport outside the town.

In 1923 it was again sold, and the engine was installed in a small launch.

Proving unsatisfactory to the exasperated owner, it passed into the hands of a saw-miller, who installed it in a shed to drive machinery. Annoyed by its tantrums, he offered it for sale and engine left shortly for a plantation. It remained there for two years and was then bought by an amateur experimenting in machinery.

Finally, after a few years of rest and neglect, it was taken over bv an ambitious prospector, and it is still in use pumping water reluctantly from a creek in some remote corner of the Territory.—M.L. £2,200 DAMAGES AGAINST

Sister Mahoney

MRS. ELIZABETH MAHONEY, formerly well-known resident of Eastern Papua, made a special visit to Sydney in November to protest against the newspaper reports of the litigation wherein her daughter, Sister Mahoney, who conducts a private hospital in Bathurst. had been ordered to pay £2,200 to the parents of an infant, which, it was alleged, had had its nose and fingers bitten off by a New Guinea parrot kept as a net around the hospital.

Mrs. Mahoney declared that the newspaper reports of the case had not correctly presented the position. She said the child’s nose was not bitten off—it was lacerated, but it healed, and the child was not marked for life. The child’s fingers were not. bitten off; only the tips were bitten—there were nails remaining on two of the three fingers affected.

Mrs. Mahoney said that the extraordinary amount of damages (awarded for what was wholly an accident) meant the ruin of her daughter’s private hospital business. She could not pay the amount, or anything like it, and she simply had tq close up.

Mrs. Mahoney said that despite the Court’s decision she was herself positive that the infant was not attacked by the parrot—if it had been, it would have been much more severely injured. The comparatively small injuries inflicted, she said, accorded more with the theory that the attack on the infant was made by a magpie.

Pastor R. H. Tutty, accompanied by his wife and 11-years-old daughter Lucille, arrived in Sydney from Rabaul, New Guinea, by the Nellore on November 19.

He is a missionary for the Seventh Day Adventist Society at Lou Island, in the Admiralty Group, north of the N.G. mainland.

Mr. Chas. G. Evans, of Norfolk Is., married Miss Ethel Dufty at N.I. Methodist Church on November 16. 47 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Write for catalogue of all models and special export prices. 70 CLARENCE STREET SYDNEY h,...: bwmu o.hm.) MORE PAY For Unrepatriated Chinese In Samoa From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 19.

IX connection with the coming of the * Chinese transport, expected to arrive at Apia about the middle of December, for the repatriation of Chinese coolies, the Administration has announced that only coolies working on cocoa plantations and the rubber plantations of the N.Z.

Reparation Estates will be allowed to remain in Samoa.

All coolies working on coconut plantations or as cooks and artisans will be repatriated. An exception will be made in the case of 100 coolies who arrived in Samoa before the New Zealand occupation in 1914 and who will remain undisturbed. The number of coolies needed for cocoa plantations has been computed by the Administration at 250, though planters strongly disagree with this figure. placing it at from 350 to 400.

The Administration has declared that the daily wage for coolies remaining after the departure of the transport has been fixed at 2/6 for an eight-hour day, with a repatriation fee of 6d. per dav to be paid by employers to the Administration. The present wage is 2/- per day.

In answer to a ouestionnaire sent to the coolies, to find out the number wishing to return to China, 80 per cent, of those employed privately declared their wish to stay in Samoa and only 20 per cent, want to leave. On the Reparation Estates (Government-owned plantations) the position is, however, exactly the reverse. About 80 per cent, of the coolies employed there want to leave and only 20 per cent, to remain.

The Chinese Consul at Apia has written to the Administration asking for a postponement of the repatriation for six months. He said that the coolies are afraid the transport may be sunk by the Japanese. The Acting Administrator replied that an escort will be provided for the steamer by the British Navy, and that he cannot recommend a postponement.

Death of Former Bishop of Melanesia From a Special Correspondent TULAGI, Nov. 18.

TpHERE was much sympathy expressed * by the older residents of the group last month when news was received cf the passing of Rt. Rev. Steward, formerly Bishop of Melanesia, at his home in England during September. He gave 26 years of faithful service to the Solomon Islanders.

John Manwaring Steward joined the Melanesian Mission in 1902, and after being at Norfolk Island (then the M.M.’s headquarters) for a short time came 10 8.5.1., being stationed in the Maravovo District. Pour years later he went to Ngela District, serving until 1911 when he returned to Maravovo. Later, Rev.

Steward was given charge of the Mission plantation at Taitai, where native teachers from all over Melanesia were brought in to be trained for ordination, instead of being sent to N.I.

The success of the Melanesian clergy, as a result of the training received at Taitai, was a big factor in deciding the appointment of Rev. Steward as Bishop when Rt. Rev. Wood resigned in 1919.

He was Bishop until 1928, when he retired owing to ill-health. Since then he had lived quietly in Sussex.

Perhaps the crowning achievement of Bishop Steward in Melanesia was the founding of the Native Brotherhood, under Ini Kopuria. This fine band of educated natives is the advance-guard of the Christian church in the Solomons, and has been of vast and beneficial influence in the task of introducing Christianity to primitive islanders in outlying villages. Bishop Steward will he remembered also for a remarkable 500-miles journey he made through the Solomon Group, calling at almost every island, in a 23ft. whale-boat.

Mr. Goodacre, Acting Collector of Customs at Vavau, Tonga, is at present spending six months’ leave with his wife and two children in Auckland, New Zealand. 48 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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(Incorporated in Queensland) Copra Is Key To Prosperity Review of Conditions in Papua, New Guinea, and Fiji ADDRESSING shareholders of the Bank of New South Wales at the annual general meeting in Sydney on November 26, the Chairman of Directors (Sir Thomas Buckland) gave a summary of the present finance and trade conditions of the world. His remarks relating to Papua, New Guinea, and Fiji are of interest to Islands people.

Recovery in copra prices has resulted in great prosperity for the planters of Papua and New Guinea, said Sir Thomas.

During recent months, owing to the international situation, prices have decliped from the high levels existing during the early months of 1936, and the margin of profit has been further reduced by higher freight rates, but the industry is still thriving. Indeed, the international dis turbances which have caused fluctuating prices may have beneficial results to the Islands, for the Sino-Japanese dispute, if prolonged, will tend to curtail supplies of soya beans, from which so many substitutes for copra products have been prepared.

EXPORTS UP 56 PER CENT.

Prosperity in the copra industry is the key to prosperity throughout the South Seas. The trade returns for Papua provide a specific instance of the progress made. For the year ended June 30, 1937, imports were valued at £A453,000, an increase of 42 per cent, over the previous year, while exports amounted to £A524,- 000, an increase of 56 per cent. Although exports of rubber did not appreciably alter, the value of copra exported from Papua rose from about £AIOI,OOO to £A192,000, and gold from £ABI,OOO to £A87,000, Business activity throughout the Mandated Territory of New Guinea has greatly increased, although the May volcanic eruptions at Rabaul resulted in seme doubts as to the future of the capital and hindered work in the harbour.

The production of gold has made steady progress and new fields are being developed. Rubber is obtaining profitable, though fluctuating, prices and is being more extensively cultivated. Research into the oil-bearing resources of the Mandated Territory is continuing.

Fiji is enjoying great prosperity, he continued. Copra prices have been profitable, gold output has increased, and sugar production is very satisfactory.

Oversea trade has greatly improved.

Exports for the first six months of 1937 (£F728,000) were 21 per cent, higher than for the corresponding half of 1936.

Increased copra prices in the same period caused a rise of 42 per cent, in the value exported, quantity was about the same as (nfffiie previous year.

Exports of gold totalled £F67,300, an increase of about £F9,300. All trades arc prospering, except bananas. Despite Gov ernmental efforts to encourage their expert, the value exported declined by nearly £F15,000 to £F33,000. The market for sugar is assured by? a generous quota for the next five years. By the end of 1938 the capacity of the Tavua goldfield should have been tested.

The Government has built up substantial surpluses amounting to about £F500,000, and has eyery reason to look to the future with confidence.

Dry Spell At Tonga

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, Nov. 25.

A SPELL of dry weather is being experienced in most parts of Tonga, which has resulted in a shortage of water since the tanks have become exhausted.

It is hoped that rain will fall soon for a drought might prove disastrous to yam plantations and other crops.

Mr. J. E. Workman, recently appointed Commissioner of Police in Fiji, has been gazetted as Lieutenant-Colonel in the Fiji Defence Force and has taken over the post of Commandant. 49 Pacific Isfanc/s Monthly. December 1 ( , (937

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Count Von Luckner

Returns To The Pacific

Arrival at Tahiti Recalls Wartime Exploits of "See Adler" and Her Crew From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Nov. 16.

'T'HE Count and Countess Von Buckner '*■ arrived on board their yacht See Teufel at Papeete on October 22. It is precisely 20 years since Count Von Buckner was in these waters as commander of that famous wolf of the sea, the German raider See Adler.

All the world knows how the See Adler, disguised as a Norwegian ship, sailed out of the Baltic through the blockading cordon and gained the open sea to become the terror of commerce in the Atlantic and the Pacific. She came to her end on the reefs of Mopiha, in the Society Islands. The atoll Mopiha was, at that time, under lease to Messrs.

Grand, Miller and Company, of Tahiti, as a coconut plantation. It lies on a lonely sea far to the west of the inhabited islands of the Beeward Group.

The war bulletins of that period (1917), coming through the recentlyestablished wireless station on Tahiti, occasionally included an item about a German raider somewhere in the Pacific.

The monthly mail steamers began to observe precautions such as voyaging without lights* blanketing port holes and interdicting smoking on deck after nightfall. But there was no definite news. The Pacific Ocean is a large body of water and the main trade routes were then, as now, far to the north and south of the Society Islands. There was little marine traffic to attract a commerce raider to this neighbourhood. So no one at Papeete gave the matter much thought.

The inter-island schooners sailed to and fro among the islands of French Oceania confident that they were not of sufficient importance for the mysterious corsair to trouble them even if he chanced to come in sight on the horizon. It was with this spirit of confidence that Mr.

Pedro Miller (of Grand, Miller and Co.) and Mr. Fain (the Co.’s agent at Paris) set out aboard the schooner Lutece for a voyage of inspection to Mopiha.

Captured By The Germans

When they sighted Mopiha, those on board the Lutece were astounded when boats full of armed men came out from the island and made for their vessel.

The Lutece had no engine and the wind was light, so there was no chance to get away before the boats came alongside.

There was nothing to do but surrender.

Ashore, they discovered they were not the only prisoners. The captains and crews of three ships recently sunk by the See Adler were on the island. Hard and fast on the reef was the See Adler.

S)ie had been brought to this lonely spot for refitting and to allow her crew to stretch their legs on shore after many months at sea. A sudden storm had cast her on the reefs before she could be manoeuvred into deep water. All her stores and everything moveable had been brought ashore in the vain endeavour to lighten the ship sufficiently to refloat her.

Von Buckner’S Adventures

Count Von Buckner, in his book, has told vividly and dramatically the odyssey of his voyage in the ship’s launch from Mopiha to Fiji; his capture at an outlying island of that archipelago; his subsequent escape from Motuihi —the prison island at New Zealand; and his final recapture by a pursuing vessel just off the Kermadec Islands. He had already de-

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Greenwood & Laws Ltd,, Rabaul and Wau, parted from Mopiha when the Lutece arrived there. His first officer was in command.

With the Lutece in their hands, the Germans lost no time in preparing their departure. Before sailing away, they broke up all the small boats and canoes on the island so that those left behind could carry no news to other islands and thence by radio to the warships that were combing the seas for the See Adler. We learned long afterwards that they voyaged to the eastward; that the Lutece went ashore at Easter Island; and the fugitives finally made their way to South America.

The first Papeete heard of all these happenings was through a wireless message received by the Governor of French Oceania from the Government of Samoa.

It appears that a young Russian, member of one of the crews marooned on Mopiha. was a skilled boat-builder, and under his direction a seaworthy boat had been constructed from the materials of those broken up by the Germans before their departure. This boat manned by a captain and three sailors managed to reach Pago Pago, American Samoa, and told the story to the authorities there.

Immediately on receipt of the message from Samoa, the schooner Tiare Tnporo, under the command of Captain Winchester and of Monsieur Chazal (Administrator of the Leeward Islands), was despatched' to Mopiha to rescue those left on that island.

Fate Of The “Lutece”

Information as to the fate of the Lutece and her crew is contained in a letter from Easter Island published at Tahiti in the Vea KatorVka of that period.

“On October 3, 1917, a two - masted schooner arrived here with 58 Germans aboard, who, after a two-days’ stay ashore, proceeded to break up and sink the vessel. Upon being questioned by the Chilean Government Agent in charge of the island to the reason for this procedure they stated that the vessel was leaking and unfit for further survice.

“About two months later another sailing vessel passed close to the island, and 15 of the Germans gave chase to her in a boat with the object of capturing her, but they were unsuccessful. The Germans were all armed and the Government Agent remonstrated against this action, which he said would bring discredit upon a neutral country. From this time on, the Germans were closely watched by the native people, but luckily no serious trouble arose.

“In January, 1918, a Chilean schooner arrived to take away a cargo of wool from Easter Island. She left on February 3, with the Germans aboard, en route to Chile.”

Relics Of The “See Adler”

The guns of the See Adler are now at Tahiti, One of them is mounted beside the entrance of the Albert the First Park, facing the quay and Papeete Harbour.

Count Von Luckner was much moved when he recently saw this relic of his old ship. He laid his hand on the gun and! addressed it as a comrade in arms.

Many other souvenirs now in the museum and in private possession were inspected by the Count.

The Count and Countess Von Luckner will remain in French Oceania about a month, during which period they hope to vis t Mopiha. Their next port of call after leaving this colony will be Apia, Western Samoa.

Samoan Guilty Of Theft

AND ARSON From Our Own Correspondent APIA, Nov. 18.

A FTER a lengthy trial before Chief Judge S. Morling, a young “localborn” trader, Oscar Graf, of Safata (South Upolu), charged with the theft of £B2/5/- from IPs employers. Burns Philp (S.S.) Co. Ltd., was found guilty.

He was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment. On a second charge of setting fire to B.P.’s copra shed at Sat-aoa, Graf was given one year in gaol. The sentences are cumulative.

Graf pleaded not guPty at the beginning of the trial, but after the testimony of 30 Samoan witnesses had been taken, he confessed and admitted the charges.

Rev. P. Gonnet. of the Catholic Mission, returned to Fiji by the last Niagara. 52 Pacific Islands Monthly. December 2 1, 1937

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Phoenix Base In Touch With Union Liners By Radio-telephone From Our Own Correspondent HONOLULU, Dec. 3.

HTHE British occupation of Canton Is- * land a probable future air base in the Phoenix Group, has become a thrill for travellers by the Union liners Aorangi and Niagara. Between Fiji and Hawaii, they pass within a mile of the island and see the British flag fluttering in the tropic easterly wind. Sometimes the liners drop mail and supplies in watertight containers and the men ashore row out and recover the welcome “cargo/’

Permanent buildings, including refrigeration, have been build upon the sites occupied by the N.Z.. and American solar eclipse parties earlier this year. Present residents, the pioneers, are Messrs. Frank Rostier (radio operator) and George Langdale (lately second mate of the Fijian Government’s yacht Pioneer) and a Gilbertese servant. Mr. Langdale compiles weather reports which are transmitted daily to Suva and other British sources.

It is said that the Colonial Office doubled the salaries of the men for their six months’ work on the island. Thus.

Mr. Rostier should be getting nearly £A2O weekly for what he has told his friends is a Pacific idyll. It is expected that soon he will be replaced by Mr. Tom Manning, another Colonial Office radio employee now in Suva.

The Gilbert Islander is tickled pink with his Canton job. He is a general handyman and always handles the surf beat. Especially is he “goggle-eyed” when the liners talk with Rostier and Langdale by radio-telephone, which has a range of about 200 miles. The white men tell of the grunts and chuckles of delight as the Gilbertese listens to the voices over a small loud speaker.

As they pass the island, the liners make radio bearings on their direction finders which are used almost every voyage in the fogs off the Canadian coast.

These checks at Canton Island assure the navigators of the instruments’ accuracy.

Of course, all this occurs without the knowledge of the passengers who group at the ship’s rail.

In case the liners pass at night, the two Canton residents have erected a tower near their camp and 24 feet high they have set a gasoline lamp which they light when expecting the liners. The light is visible at least 14 miles away, and the navigating officers aboard the liners appreciate it very much.

A memorial service arranged by the Gower Wilson Memorial Committee was held on board the Morinda, en route from Sydney to Lord Howe Is., on November 1, to mark the anniversary of the loss of the launch Viking . which, with Gower Wilson and five others, disappeared while on a voyage from Sydney to Lord Howe Is. The service ’was conducted by the new Administrator of Norfolk Is’and (Sir Charles Rosenthal).

Death Of Capt. Mcintyre

From Our Own Correspondent * PT. MORESBY, Nov. 27.

November 14 the sudden death of Captain A. Mclntyre shocked the residents of Port Moresby.

He had been suffering from a severe attack of dengue fever, when he became seriously ill, and was taken to the European Hospital with appendicitis. He was operated upon immediately but it appeared that the effort was too late to save his life and he died of peritonitis the following evening.

Capt. Mclntyre was a native of Scotland, and was 55 years of age. He first came to Papua in 1926, to take charge of the stevedoring for Burns, Philp and Co.

Ltd., holding this position until the time of his death. Known in Papua for his efficiency, kindness, and understanding.

Capt. Mclntyre was admired and respected by all classes.

Miss A. Raphael, of the Western Samoan Education Department, arrived in New Zealand by the Matua at the end of November. 53 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2 1, 1937

Sugar EXPORTS 1936 80,382 tons £808,211 Copra 24,013 tons £266,170 Bananas 14,820 bunches [ £63.526 Molasses 114,640 cases f 16,102 tons £16,102 Gold 12,007 ozs. £92,205 Trochus Shell 162 tons £12,448 Other Articles — £90,314 Sugar 1937 80,892 tons £907,128 Copra 23,493 tons £344,621 Bananas 15,891 bunches [ £48,765 Molasses .... .... 101,885 cases 13,881 tons £13,881 Gold „.. 13,841 ozs. £107.546 Trochus Shell 139 tons £12,286 Other Articles — £108,745 IMPORTS 1936 1937 Value £1,099,697 £1,309,291 Duty 302.897 338,032 Wharfage 9,237 10,257 Tonnage Duty 2,414 2,378

Total Trade

1936 1937 Exports ... £1,348,971 £1.542.972 Imports ... £1,099,697 £1,309,291 Total ... £2,448,668 £2,852,263 Excess of Exports £249.274 £233,681 MORRIS, HEDSTROM, LTD.

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The Pitcairners

From a Special Correspondent PITCAIRN IS., Nov. 25. is still alive here one of the * old Pitcairners, who were moved to Norfolk Island in the Morayshire in 1856.

He is Vilder Young, now 86 years old.

Age is telling on him, however, and he is subject to heart attacks.

Two other Pitcairners of that generation died during the year. Mrs. Alice Butler, 87, passed away on February 28, and Miss Mary Ann McCoy died on August 19, aged 85.

Vilder Young and these two ladies returned to Pitcairn with the first party to leave N.I. in December, 1858, reaching here in January, 1859, Since then Mr, Young and Mrs, Butler had made this their permanent home. Miss McCoy, however, had travelled extensively throughout most of the Pacific groups. She lived for a time with her sister at N.I. and later with another sister, Mrs. Walter Fetch, at Tahiti. After spending some years at Rarotonga and Aitutaki in the Cook Group, she returned to Pitcairn in 1923. Miss McCoy was very active until three years ago, when she became almost totally blind.

There are still two original Pitcairners on Norfolk Island —Mr. Parkin Christian and Mrs. Selina Buffett.

Mr. E. L. Baker, a District Commissioner in Fiji, accompanied by Mrs.

Baker, departed from Suva by the November Aorangi.

Fill'S COMMERCE GROWS Banana Industry Declines From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Nov. 29.

TTRADE figures for the first nine months * of 1937 (to September 30) show an increase of £209,594 in Fiji imports, while exports increased by £194,001, compared with the same period of 1936.

Higher export values are due more to the rise in prices for Islands produce rather than any increase in output.

Banana exports are still falling steadily in number and value, with little prospect of regaining their former levels.

Details are as follow:

Fifi Customs Revenue For

September And October

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Dec. 2.

FIJI’S customs revenue for September and October demonstrate the sound position of ibis' section of the Colony’s revenue.

From January 1 to September 30 a net increase of £64,738 on the estimate was recorded. Import duties realised £338,032 —an increase of £59,032.

Port and Customs Service Import tax brought in £23,717 —a rise of £6,467. There was a decrease of £761 in the Port and Customs ’Service Export tax, the return being £11,239. Total revenue was £372,988, against an estimated £308,250.

For the 10 months ended October 31, the total increase on the estimates was £79,981. Import duties amounted to £381,361 —an increase of £71.361. Port and Customs Service Import tax realised 1 £26,703, a rise of £7,536. Port and Customs Service Export tax was £14,417- —£1,084 more than the estimated £13,333. Totals were: Revenue, £422,481 ; Estimate, £342,500; Increase. £79,981.

For six months ended September 30, the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. made a profit of £509,895, compared with £489,420 for the same period of the previous year and £443,100 in 1935. In their report the directors state that the output of sugar from Australian mills will be even greater than the record crop for last season, while in Fiji production will be slightly less than last year. Young cane for next season is well ahead, and prospects are good. 54 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Indian Platoon In Fiji Defence Force

TN 1934, Hon. K. B. Singh asked in the * Legislative Council of Fiji, why there was no Indian platoon in the Fiji Defence Force. As a result of that question the then Governor (Sir M. Fletcher) authorised, on September 4, 1934, a new platoon consisting of Indian youths. This platoon was a unit of the guard of honour to His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester when he was in Fiji in February, 1935. H.R.H. expressed pleasure when he met the units of the three different nationalities - European, Indian and Fijian—in the one force.

Fiji is believed to be the only Crown Colony where Indians take a part in the Defence organisation, and credit is due to Mr. Singh for giving shape to this long standing wish of the Indian youths.

This photograph shows the members of the platoon. Seated in the centre is Sergeant-Major Verona and, on his right, Lieutenant W. G. Johnson (wearing sash). The platoon’s strength has been doubled recently, and next year it is hoped that there will be an effective company of Indians in the Fiji Defence Force. The Indian regiments are classed among the best soldiers in the British Imperial armies; and the Fiji Indian unit should uphold the best Indian traditions.

Suva Pays Tribute To Late

Lady Marks

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Nov. 26. nPIIE funeral of Lady Marks, who died on November 16, was very largely attended, some 50 cars following the hearse. Every community, European, Fijian, Indian, and Chinese, was represented and every Suva business house had representatives present. The Governor was represented by Captain P. Jeffs, A.D.C. The Bishop in Polynesia (Rt.

Rev. L. S. Kempthorne) conducted the service.

The wife of Sir Henry Marks, C.8.E., Lady Marks had not been in the best of health for some years, though her death came as a shock to her many friends, for she had been seen about during the last few days and there was no indication

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The second daughter of the late Mr.

Joseph Abrahams, of Carlton, Melbourne, Lady Marks was married in 1883. Her husband, four daughters, and two sons survive her.

Dr. H. W. Jack, Director of Agriculture in Fiji, accompanied by Mrs. Jack, left Suva for England on leave by the November Niagara. Mr. C. R. Turbet is acting temporarily as head of the Agriculture Dept.

"Maui Pomare" Is No "White Elephant"

“A Huge Financial Success,”

Claims N.Z. Prime Minister r 'PHE claim that the service to Western Samoa and Niue Island by the N.Z.

Government motor-vessel Maui Pomare was a financial success was made by the Prime Minister (Mr. Savage) during consideration of the estimates of the External Affairs Department in the N.Z. House of Representatives during November, according to the N.Z. Herald.

Mr. Savage was replying to questions raised by Mr. W. P. Endean (Opposition, Parnell) concerning a vote of £1,500 for a new generating plant required by the ship, “What sort of a commercial proposition is this Maui Pomare?’' Mr. Endean asked, “The Government should let us know, and let us have a balance-sheet of its operations. Is it a ‘white elephant’ or not? I would like to know what the position is. Is this ship a travelling benefaction for Islands people; and where is the unfortunate taxpayer getting off if that is the case?’’

A Labour Member: At the wharf.

“The Maui Pomare is no ‘white elephant.’ ” Mr.' Savage said. “The boat is run on up-to-date lines and we have every reason to be optimistic about it.”

Mr. Endean: But where is the balancesheet?

“There is nothing wrong with the balance-sheet,” added the Prime Minister.

“The ship is a huge financial success.”

Varo A Gastronomic

DELIGHT From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Nov. 25.

TTHE coral reefs about the Society Is- * lands hold the distinction of being the breeding grounds of a shellfish, called the Varo, which, when expertly prepared for the table, will waft epicures into the rose-tinted upper heavens of gustatory bliss. This crustacean, however, hides its transcendent virtues under a very forbidding exterior.

It was many years ago, at Raiatea, that we first saw Varo. A European schoolmaster, on horse-back, was passing by, holding in his hand a cord strung with what appeared to be a dozen or so gigantic centipedes. Of our companion we inquired: “What on earth is he going to do with those horrible objects?”

“Eat them,” was the reply. We shuddered.

Months afterward, someone at a dinner bandaged tightly our eyes and placed in our mouth a morsel which melted on the tongue with all the flavours of ambrosia from the table of Neptune.

When our ecstasy had abated sufficiently to permit speech we sighed “What was that?” The blindfold was taken from our eyes and on the plate before us we saw a Varo —no longer a loathsome object but transfigured by the halo of its incomparable virtues.

We understood, then, why epicures will go barefoot across burning sands and by thorny pathways strewn with sharpangled flinty pebbles, if a feast of Varo awaits them at their journey’s end.

Miss Ellen Fagan, of Raga, who has been in the New Hebrides working for the Melanesian Mission since 1930, arrived in Sydney bv the Morinda on November 30 to spend furlough in Victoria.

Miss Edna Williams, of Nanakai, New Britain, where she has served as a nurse for eight years for the Methodist Mission, has resigned owing to ill-health, She is at present in Australia. 56 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2 I , 1937

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Men Who Knew Yesterday

Life of Mr. A. B. Brewster, Formerly of Fiji Ti/fR. Adolph Brewster Brewster, one of the founders of Suva, the present capital of Fiji, and who was associated With such men as Sir William MacGregor, Sir George Le Hunte, Sir William Allar dyce, and many others whose names are connected with the early days of the Colony, passed away at Bath, England, in October of this year.

Born in Australia in 1855, Mr. Brewster was sent to England to be educated.

On his return to Melbourne, just after the gold rush had petered out, he became interested in a company which had recently been formed, and which was negotiating with King Cakobau, of Fiji, for land for the cutivation of cotton.

At that time, in Fiji, Cakobau was in dire straits with home affairs, but more so with the American Government, which demanded £lO,OOO indemnity on behalf of American residents, who claimed that property belonging to them had been damaged and stolen by Fijians. The petition to Great Britain asking her to annex Fiji having been declined, Cakobau eagerly seized the opportunity offered by the Polynesian Company to settle the claim for £lO,OOO in return for 200,000 acres of land. Eventually an agreement was signed by Cakobau who, in addition to the above terms, was to receive an annuity of 1,000 dollars.

Of the several blocks of land making up the 200,000 acres, the most important was the 27,000 acres embracing the Suva district. This block was surveyed into building allotments which were offered to the Australian public.

Mr. Brewster was one of those who took up land in that district and he arrived in Suva in 1870. Owing to the American Civil War, the l prices of cotton and sugar were high, and many had flocked to the Colony in the hope of making an easy fortune. Mr. Brewster established himself as a sugar planter and, with his father, erected the first sugar mill in Fiji.

It was not long before he had a glimpse of tragedy at first hand. Two cotton planters in the Ba district, Messrs.'Speers and Macintosh, were murdered by mountain cannibals. Mr. Brewster was a member of the expedition organised to avenge their deaths. When passing Viti Levu Bay, on the return journey, fhe party heard the dreaded Lali Mbokola (or dead men’s drums) beating out their message ot death-signals that another unfortunate victim was to the stone ovens.

The prices of cotton and sugar fell in later years to such an extent that it became unprofitable to produce them, and the Polynesian Company, which had met with every kind of obstacle from the outset, collapsed.

In 1884, Mr. Brewster joined the Civil Service and rose to be Governor’s Commissioner in the provinces of Tholo North and Tliolo East, Deputy Commissioner of the Armed Native Constabulary (in which he held the rank of major), and he was an official member of the Fiji Legislative Council.

Eighteen years later Mr. Brewster accompanied a contingent of Fijians, to attend the Coronation of King Edward VII.

By a notabm coincidence, a nephew of his, Major Clive Brewster Joske, 0.8. E., M.C., led other representative Fijians to England, in 1937, to the Coronation of King George VI.

Mr. Brewster retired from the service in 1910, after 26 years of honourable service, and settled down in Bath. Because of his knowledge of the customs and life of the Fijians, the two books he wrote. Hill Tribes of Fiji and King of the Cannibal Isles, are recognised as standard authorities on the early life of the natives.

It is worthy of note that it was due to the efforts of Mr. Brewster that the historic War Club of Cakobau, now in use as the Mace of the Fiji Legislative Council, was returned to the Colony by his late Majesty King George V., after having been away from Fiji since it was presented to Queen Victoria on the cession of Fiji in 1874. 57 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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White Woman Gaoled In

New Guinea

Letter to the Editor, SOMETHING unique happened here in Wau recently, which does not enhance our reputation for justice in this Territory.

On October 15 last, a white woman was sent to prison for a month. From what I can ascertain, this is the first time a woman—either white of black —has oeen sent to prison in this Territory.

The woman in question was fined £5, or one month, under a vicious clause in the Licensing Act (either 52 or 62) whereby a person may be fined, or gaoled, or both, for not paying board at an hotel, and can afterwards be sued for the debt.

The woman did about three hours in gaol and, it is stated, someone then paid her fine. Many here believe that the authorities thought better of it, and let the woman out, after they discovered that she could not pay the fine and was prepared to do the time in gaol.

I am, etc., MOROBE.

Edie Creek, N.G. 22/11/37.

Editorial Note

We publish the above letter, as recived. We admit that, on the face of it, it Looks as if the authorities must have acted under great provocation. Yet only a major crime certainly not a petty thing like a, hotel bill—wou’d justify the gaoling of any white woman in a country like New Guinea. The incident seems to call for inquiry.

Miss Harkness, a new worker for the N.Z. Methodist Mission, sailed for the Solomon Islands by the November M,alaita.

Pattern Service

have arranged with a well-known Sydney firm of pattern-cutters to publish each month a diagram of a seasonable frock, patterns of which may be obtained by our readers direct from this office, post free, on payment of the sum stated under the diagram. Address your letter to “Pattern,” Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, Sydney, and enclose a note giving the number of the pattern wanted and bust size, and enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps. Thei pattern will be sent by return mail.

Mrs, Elizabeth Stallard Adams (known familiarly to Norfolk Islanders as “Aunt Bet”), died in N.I. Hospital on November 3, aged 59. Her husband, Mr. Gilbert Adams, is employed in the New Hebrides.

Sister Ada Lee, of the N.Z. Methodist Church, who is a missionary at Roviana, Solomon Islands, is at present spending well-earned furlough in New Zealand.

Mr. and Mrs. David W. Amos, of Suva, Fiji, where the former is manager of the Pacific Insurance Co. Ltd., arrived in Melbourne during November by the Mariposa on a holiday visit to Australia.

Frock, 4239—Is. Id. 4239—Side material is slightly, eased at the blouse panel ; this joins the flared skirt at the waist giving the effect of a straight-down panel.

Three-quarter length sleeves are gathered at the back, stimulating a cuff. Material (for 36in. bust) : 4yds. 36ins. wide. Bust sizes 32 to 40ins. 58 Pacific Islands Monthly, December .2 1, 1937

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Fashion Hint’s for Islands Women By Therese r "PHERE is a festive spirit in the air now! * that Christmas approaches, and the] spirit is evidenced in the gaiety and] charm of the season’s clothes. Brighter and happier than ever, there is such an endless choice for any hour of the day that we are almost breathless with wonder and admiration at the dressmakers’ offerings. Delightful linens and cottons vie with silks for supremacy, and since the victory lies with each, they call a truce. i 1 Uncrushable linens are an absolute boon, since apart from the excellence of their appearance, they combine beauty and durability. Quaint little figures are woven into them—fish, flesh, and fowl — giving a charm that is undeniable. Voiles, also uncrushable, are delightful, and in some instances are of such exquisite fineness that it is impossible to distinguish them from the new sheers. Pastel organdies, self-printed in shadow effect, have the appearance of fine lace and are ideal for the ingenue for dance and party frocks.

Silks have never been so lovely, and they, too, pattern themselves with a variety of designs. Silks colourful as a floral festival are worn for day and evening, and are blended with such cleverness, that in many instances the colour combination outrivals Joseph’s coat of many colours. Vivid sheers go to the making of evening frocks, and are as popular as their floral sisters.

Simplicity and grace mark the soft flowing lines of a triple chiffon gown.

The bodice is softly gathered to fulness, and the skirt, slim fitting to the hips, swirls widely. An enormous detachable scarf floats from the shoulders.

Audacious stripes of orange and purple make an unusual and striking gown, the skirt of which is pleated and spreads fanwise. It is worn with a swathed turban of the two shades and with purple satin sandals.

A slim gown of white takes unto itself a broad belt of gold, and a scroll of gold runs from the square decolletage to the hem of the slashed skirt which flares widely behind. Gracious for the older woman is silver lame. Wing sleeves also add to her charm, and the silver lame gown with wavering stripes, made on Empire lines, embodies these two features with immediate success.

For the young and very sweet comes the frock of plainest blue organdie with deep blue velvet sash. The bodice is slim fitting and has a pale blue jacket appliqued with velvet and silver. The skirt of the frock floats voluminously over a taffeta foundation.

There is a softness about the formal daytime clothes. Bodices are gathered, skirts are full, and waists are swathed with sashes, and the wide-leafed hats that are worn with them, are a tribute to femininity.

The square neck, soft shirring and slightly extended shoulders of a gaily printed frock form a delightful change from the high-draped neckline that had | become almost a fetish with us. It is fast gaining popularity again, as indeed it should in Summer weather.

Enormous flowers cut from gaily coloured prints are appliqued on plain frocks and strike a definitely new note.

A frock of this variety has sleeves that stop above the elbow and a four-gored skirt. Gores, by the way, are an excellent medium for achieving skirt fulness, and there is a graceful swing about skirts of this type.

Peplums and basques are youthful and find favour for day. and evening, either as part of the frock or an addition to the short fitting jacket.

Flowers matching at neckline and on the brim of a wide-leafed hat are really lovely, particularly as real ones may be worn if desired. When white flowers accompany a black toilette, no greater chic could be achieved.

Bolero frocks have come to stay for the season. A navy crepe skirt chooses a gaily patterned blouse to go beneath its accompanying bolero. And since turbans are le dernier cri for both day and evening, it happily links up with one of plain and patterned material to match.

Jackets nipped in at the waist line accentuate slim skirts and are charming little adjuncts to any frock. The jacket may be plain and the frock figured or vice versa, but whatever you choose satisfaction will be yours.

A black and pink patterned crepe frock pins a pink flower at its neck line for gaiety, and swathes the waist with a 59 Pacific islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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wide crushed sash. A pink flower on the brim of a broad-leafed hat, and perfection has been achieved.

With all the stunning cottons the season has to offer, it is understandable that one should seek these materials to make both formal and informal frocks.

Little scarlet Scotch terriers scamper all over a cream linen frock. A tiny knotted scarf of scarlet is at the Peter Pan collar and a sash of scarlet swathes the waist. The hat is cream with a miniature bow of patent leather. Little blue ships sail on an azure sea in a frock of the same variety, and a Breton sailor adds a nautical air.

Beach clothes are given as much consideration as are the frocks for more formal occasions. The culotte skirt has fast gained favour, and is well in the forefront of beach fashions. Beach frocks with sun-tops take unto themselves gay little jackets and become suitable wear for more formal occasions.

Bathers come in a variety of designs and materials, those of Lastex being particularly delightful. They are in multicolours and cling to the figure lovingly.

Poaching on male preserves, large silk handkerchiefs are brought into commission and do duty in many ways—as cowboy scarf, peasant handkerchief, and suntop. The result is so pleasing that man overlooks the raid on his wardrobe in his admiration for woman’s ingenuity.

Missionary’S Wife Returns

To Bougainville

HOSPITALITY !

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Nov. 21.

DOUND for all points of the Cook ** Group, 15 native L.M.S. pastors have left for their respective homes, some to return to their former islands, others to a change of parish. Their departure closes a two-months’ combined holiday and “refresher” course at the London Missionary Society’s Rarotonga headquarters.

To Rarotongans, long familiar with visits on a grand scale from the Sports Clubs of neighbouring islands, this clerical invasion came as something of a novelty. The visitors enjoyed great hospitality. Foodstuffs presented by the several districts included 927 pigs, 1,712 fowls, and 1 518 tins of meat, and vast quantities of taro and kumara, worth just under £7OO.

In fairness to the European missionaries concerned, it should be mentioned that this prodigality was entirely contrary to their advice and recommendation.

On the credit side, however, the Society reports an increase of over 200 Church members in the past couple of months.

Archdeacon Alfred E. Teall, of the Melanesian Mission, who has been in the New Hebrides since 1921, arrived in Australia from his station at Lolowai, Aoba Island, by the Morinda on November 30. He will spend furlough in Sydney and Tasmania.

Judge David Wanliss, Chief Judge of the Supreme Court in New Guinea, arrived in Sydney early in December by the Neptuna from Rabaul. He went on to Melbourne where he has entered on long furlough before his retirement.

Mrs. D. C. Alley, of Tiop, Bougainville, New Guinea, and her small son Donald, who returned home from Sydney by the November Malaita, after visiting New Zealand and Australia. Her husband is Rev. Donald Alley, a missionary of the N.Z. Methodist Church, stationed at Bougainville.

Photo: Bertram Wills Studio. 60 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2. I (937

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BURNS PHI LP at all their branches Pacific Gifted Cook Islander Is R.A. at Puka Puka From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Nov. 20. furlough for the first time in many years, Mr. and Mrs. Geoffrey Henry, Resident Agent and Government Nurse respectively on lonely Puka Puka Island (some 700 miles N.W, of Rarotonga) are now renewing old friendships and attending to family affairs in Aitutaki, where both belong.

Mr. Henry represents a type which is unfortunately all too rare. At 51, he occupies a unique position in local official circles, being the only Cook Islander holding an R.A. and school teacher’s post combined. A pupil of the late Rev. Royle at the boarding school started in Aitutaki towards the close of last century, Mr.

Henry left home to spend two years on board the mission schooner John Williams IV.. returning in 1906 to marry his present wife Grace Metua.

Between 1908 and 1924, Mr. Henry made steady progress from one teaching post to another, with occasional periods as Acting R.A. on various islands. In 1927 he was placed in charge of Puka Puka, with its 680 natives and white man, author-recluse Robertriean Frisbie.

The annual appeal by Dr. E. A. Holland, medical officer at Kavientr, T.N.G., for Christmas gifts for the 500 men, women and children confined in the Analaua leper Colony, near Kavieng, has been published in the Australian newspapers. A similar appeal, on behalf of hoo on Makoerai Island, Fiji, has been published in N.Z. newspapers.

Your Girl’S Future

THERE is not a girl’s college in Australia more delightfully situated than “Fairholme,” which overlooks the range at Toowoomba, Queensland. Medical men speak highly of the climate, and the school’s health record is excellent.

The College olfers every advantage for a thorough education, and every effort is made to equip a girl for her future life, whether it be in the home, in business, or in the professions, There is every facility for outdoor recreations, while well ventilated dormitories do their share developing the boarders health, The school is building up a fine tradition ; its past pupils are scattered far and wide and many of them hold positions of responsibility. Further particulars and prospectus will be provided on application to the Secretary, Mr. R. T. Phelps, Ruthven Street, Toowoomba. *** Mr and Mrs Geoffrey Henry, with their daughter. 61 Pacific Islands Monthly. December 21. 1937

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25 Year In B.S.I As Marist

MISSIONARY 13 EV. Father Samuel Moreau, S.M., a ■l*' Marist missionary in the South Solomon Islands for 28 years, died at a private hospital in North Sydney on November 30 after a short illness.

Born at Nantes, France, in 1882, he made his novitiate in Italy, continuing his theological studies in Belgium.

Ordained in 1908, he went to the Solomons. the same year, serving principally ar the Marist station on San Christoval.

Because of ill-health, Father Moreau was transferred in 1935 to the Mission’s headquarters at Villa Maria, Hunter’s Hill (Sydney), where for a year he acted as superior.

Rabaul To Be Abandoned

Confronted with Experts' Report, Australian Government Seeks New Administrative Centre in New Guinea ‘TIT’E can see no reason whatever for ** believing that volcanic activity may not recur here at almost any time.

“As shown above, the possibility that such outbreaks may occur closer to, or even within the limits of, the town (as, for instance, at Sulphur Creek) cannot be eliminated.

“We are, therefore, forced to the conclusion that reasonably early evacuation of Rabaul as the main administrative centre of the territory must be seriously considered. The maintenance of Rabaul [ as a commercial centre is beyond the scope of this enquiry.”

It was in these most definite terms that the experts commissioned by the Commonwealth Government (Dr. C. E.

Stehn, Director of the Netherlands Indies Vulcanological Survey, and Dr. W. G.

Woolnough, Geological adviser to the Commonwealth Government) reported at the end of November. The report, a document of over 80 foolscap pages, showed that there was no doubt whatever in the minds of the experts. The town of Rabaul is built upon dangerous ground and there is an ever-present danger that it will be blown up.

The experts did their work thoroughly.

They gathered together all available evidence relating to volcanic activity at the eastern end of New Britain since Europeans first entered the area. They submitted the whole district to a close geological survey, thus gathering data from which they were able to make certain important deductions; and they collected all the evidence relating to the recent eruption—especially the manner in which the first signs of unusual volcanic activity appeared, and the way in which the volcanic outburst developed.

As a result of this close investigation, they were able to say positively: 1. At one time, ages ago, there was a volcanic cone, perhaps 10,000 feet high, on the place now occupied by Simpson Harbour. This had been built up by volcanic activity and it was surrounded by small active craters. 2. There came a time, also ages ago, when a tremendous explosion occurred, as the result of which most of this cone was scattered far and wide over the adjacent country. 3. As a result of the bursting of this mountain cone and of erosion continued during long ages, the sea entered the site of the former mountain and volcano, and thus formed the almost land-locked harbour now known as Simpson Harbour, or Rabaul Harbour.

A Despite the entrv of the sea, volcanic activity continued all over this area, and continued un to the present time. 5. All down the ages, at irregular intervals. there have been violent volcanic outbursts in this area; and although there are indmatlons that the region is cooling these outbursts are likely to recur at any time, for perhaps thousands of years to come. 6. The experts, from their experience of similar conditions elsewhere, looked for and found certain lines of weakness, or cracks in the earth’s surface, affecting the area between Vulcan volcano and Matupi volcano, immediately south of Rabaul. They renorted that, volcanic eruntions are likely to backwards and forwards, aToner lines of weak- 62 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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ness, and under certain circumstances they might quite easily occur in Rabaul itself. 7. One serious line of weakness, running across the harbour between Vulcan Island and Matupi Volcano, is revealed, and suggests that the development of one or more new submarine vulcanoes in the bottom of the harbour is by no means impossible. “A major outburst of this type would, of course, completely eliminate Rabaul as a sea-port, even if the population and town escaped annihilation,” says the report. 8. “By an extraordinary set of coincidences which can scarcely be expected to be repeated in future eruptions, the first effects and the maximum effects of the outbreak missed the town of Rabaul almost entirely. Had the first and most v olent phases of the eruption occurred at Matupi or Balanakaia crater, or Sulphur Ck. crater, instead of at Vulcan Is., a.s might easily have been the case, nothing short of a major disaster could have followed.” 8. In discussing the necessity for the abandonment of Rabaul, the experts noint out that, while the money already invested in Rabaul represents a serious consideration, a still more serious possibility is that it might be jeopardised or wiped out of existence in a few hours by another and more serious eruption.

The opportunity is now presented of saving at least a portion of this invested capital. They point out, though public and private buildings in Rabaul possess considerable monetary value and are quite suitable for existing conditions, there are only some half dozen places in the town of superior architectural pretentions or of great permanence. “We are of opinion that the risks involved in the maintenance and extension of the town are incomparably greater than the immediate loss inseparable from early abandonment.” 9. The experts do not recommend anv hasty or ill-considered action. “Though it is impossible to predict the duration of the present period of nuiescence. it is not unreasonable to anticipate that there is likely to be a respite allowed.” Thev recommend that all the aspects involved in the selection of a new capital, should be considered deliberately, but without delay. 10. They recommend that if there is to be continued settlement at Rabaul—thev evidently are thinking of a port and commercial distributing centre—there should be a well-organised and eouipped vulcanological observatory at Rabaul, capable of providing warnings of impending eruptions; so as to give the population a chance to be removed to places pf safety.

Danger At Rapindik

The experts appear to take a serious view of the volcano situated near Rapindik, close to the southern boundary of Rabaul. This consists of two cones, Palangiani (1,389 feet) and Balanakaia (about 400 feet); and the Health Department laboratory, Rapindik native hospital, native labour quarters and various official residence are built between this latter crater and Matupi bay (which is itself a volcanic crater). The experts say that “the Balanakaia crater cannot be regarded as extinct”; and, again, “the situation of Rapindik is a source of great danger—the whole of the buildings at this point should be removed at the earliest possible moment.” They add: “Matupi Island should be evacuated forthwith and the poulation removed to the north or east coast.”

Evacuation Plans

The experts also have outlined a plan sc that, should a serious eruption develop, the populace may be immediately warned and removed quickly. It is suggested that “mobilisation details should be prepared at once,” and that “skeleton organisations or refuge camps, provisions, water supply, sanitary facilities and food supplies” should be maintained at Kokopo, and to the north and east of the town, where effective motor roads should be kept constantly available.

“Owing to the high probability of tidal waves, possibly of great severity, no re- 63 f’acific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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The experts then set out 14 signs, any one oft which should be taken as an In dication of the probability of the develop ment of volcanic activity.

Another Amphibian For Oil

Co. In Papua

THE first of its type to be imported, a Grumman G2l twin-engine amphi bian will reach Sydney shortly from America for Papuan Oil Development Co.

Ltd. (Shell Co.). It will be assembled at Mascot before being flown to Western Papua, where the big oil-seeking concern already has a Sikorsky amphibian in use.

Powered by two Pratt and Whitney Wasp Junior engines, the new machine will cruise at sea-level at 175 m.p.h., with a top speed of 195 m.p.h.

To acquire land in New Guinea for plantations, Buka Plantations and Trad ing Co. Ltd., with a capital of £75,000, was registered in Sydney in November.

The head office is at Rabaul, and the Sydney agent is C. A. Le M. Walker.

Caught In Tonga

Man-eating sharks caught recently in Tonga by the Cook brothers, well-known fishermen of Nukualofa. One of these monsters when cut open was found to contain a whole pig and a turtle. —Photo: A. Hettig.

Captain J. D. McComish, well known in Tahiti, who has been collecting botani cal specimens for a year on Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands, arrived in Sydney with Mrs. McComish by the Morinda on November 30.

Rev. G. Gilbert, of Coraki, N.S.W., will proceed to Torres Strait early next year to take charge of St. Paul’s Church and Theological College on Moa Island. His wife will be in charge of the native school and hospital.

Mr. Carl Joseph Storck, of Suva, mar ried Miss Betty Moore in Fiji on Novem ber 16. Rev. J. M. Oreve, of the Catholic Mission, performed the ceremony.

Government Control of C.I. Fruit Industry How System Has Worked During First Year From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, Nov. 23. !/■ EEN disappointment was felt in Atiu, Mauke, and Aitutaki that the Hau reiki which called here on November 11 to pick up tomatoes did not proceed to the Southern Cook Group, where a large percentage of the orange crop is still unpicked. The Administration, after en quiry into the condition of the fruit, believed that it would have suffered a substantial loss through sending it to N.Z. and preferred not to take such a risk.

Local traders, however, were quick to point out that when they handled the fruit, their most profitable shipments were often in October and November.

They declared that at no time had they ever permitted so heavy a proportion of the crop to remain unsold as had oc curred in the Lower Group this season.

With the close of the first year of Government control, the pros and cons of the whole scheme are being hotly debated and form the main topic of local conversation. Opinion among European n’anters is almost unanimous that for those who have invested capital in the care and development of plantations, the present system has operated detrimen 64 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

STAMPS I wish to advise my many friends ini Papua and New Guinea that I have started business as a Stamp Dealer, and will be pleased to supply the philatelic requirements of all Islands collectors.

Large and assorted stocks. Mint and Used, of Islands, New Zealand, Australian, and British Colonial Stamps on hand. Send your want lists and get my prices.

I wish to purchase used Islands stamps in goo:! condition. Best prices given.

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Fiji: Morris Hedstrom Ltd. m KM m V s tally? by reducing all fruit to a general level, of which the common denominator is the average quality of native-grown and packed produce.

On the other hand, to native growers, on rentless plantations where trees are wild and cultivation amounts to little more than harvesting the crop when ripe, the system has undoubtedly proved beneficial, insomuch as the prices received show a higher average than those received during the previous year or two.

The larger trading firms—formerly the principal fruit exporters have lost on the deal, since it is no longer expedient nor wise for them to conduct extensive credit operations, these having been secured by their virtual monopoly of shipping space and the necessity for growers to ship through them. A great deal of adverse criticism has been directed against the credit system here, and without doubt there have been instances where it has been abused and growers exploited. Nevertheless, without some practical substitute, natives, particularly those in the outer islands, will find themselves hard put to it to weather the long months of the hurricane season, when no fruit is shipped, and in the past each firm “carried” its own customers.

Small independent traders reaping perhaps where they did not strictly sow —have garnered a rich harvest from the many thousands of bright new halfcrowns which have flowed in a silver stream from the Fruit Department’s offices. Natives, in common with others, finding themselves with real money in their pockets, have discovered it convenient to “forget” unpaid accounts and the small independent trader has never been addicted to the credit system!

In Rarotonga, orange shipments for the season decreased by 17,000 cases compared with 1936, only 12,000 having been exported. The Group total of 68,712 also shows a decrease of 6,165 cases over last year’s figures.

With the exception of the first shipment by the Limerick, on which the Government paid only 2/6 a case, extra payments have either already been made or are expected on the five other shipments. Payments, over and above the guaranteed minimum of half-a-crown, have been respectively 1/-, 1/6, and 1/-, with two further payments anticipated shortly.

Current Opinions of Fruit Control From a Special Correspondent RAROTONGA, Nov. 21, “T HAVE yet to see any materialisation of the rich and spacious promises made* by those who introduced fruit control a year ago. Instead of the land flowing with milk and honey—which we were lead to expect—we are immersed in a tide of fermented orange juice, from fruit which the Government is unwilling, or unable, to export from the outer islands.”

A European Planter.

“If Government no can do better, better we go back same before.” —A Native Grower.

“Everything O.K. this time. Plenty money in the pocket and not pay the kaiou (old accounts).” —Second Ditto.

“Let people say what they like — we don’t care. The Government have taken over the fruit and they’re going to keep it. Growers have received better prices for their oranges this season than they have for many years, and the figures prove it.”—A Prominent Official.

“Fruit control has already made a big difference to the prosperity of these people and will make a yet bigger one.

One can’t make an omelette without breaking a few eggs, or inaugurate a fruit control system without a few mistakes. But give the Government a chance, they’re doing their best under difficult circumstances. Business has shown an upward tendency now that growers are paid out in cash for their produce, and can spend where they like.”

A Retail Storekeeper. 65 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2 1, (937

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On Furlough

'II/'E are on furlough. ** That is, we are on holidays; or, in other words, pleasure bent. We are becoming so badly bent that we’ll soon be broke.

We have just had the thrilling experience of driving our own car. It took us quite a while to make up our minds to buy it. We went around and inspected every car in Sydney. There are about three million second-hand cars in Sydney and every one is mechanically perfect, well shod, and the best bargain in town.

A.nyhow, that’s what the dealer reckoned.

By the way, we found a new pub when we were looking at cars and it was so attractive that we almost bought a Model T Ford for a hundred quid. The taxi home cost nearly that, as we were directing him.

However, we are now driving our own car and feel in a fit position to criticise Sydney’s traffic problems. The main trouble seems to be the cops. They’re so clumsy and seem to reckon they know where we want to go. We ran over one’s feet the other day, but it was his own fault, standing in the middle of the road.

He pointed in one direction and we pointed in the other and went our own way. He was quite hurt when we stalled the engine while on his feet, and it cost us three quid and costs.

We got into another street with “One Way Traffic” on the sign. We had some trouble in this, as the others were all going the wrong way. However, we turned a lot round by the time we reached the other end, and they’ll know next time.

We went up to the mountains on Sunday. There’s some of the best scenery in the world there. Blondes and brunettes and everything. We passed three of four scenes, and nearly caused a few more.

We’ve collected quite a lot of phone numbers since we’ve been down. The trouble is we’ve only written the number down without the name, and it has led to some very embarrassing situations. It was only the other day we got the wrong number and finished up taking our .old aunt to the Tivoli. It nearly caused a revolution in the family.

Well, we’d better ring off and catch our boat, as it’s leaving in ten minutes.

L.H.W.

More Village Curs !

Gold Shares at Strange Low Levels O’AVING seen the investors of Collin 3 Street, Melbourne, and of Pitt Street, Sydney, throw away their money in the most fantastic and reckless manner in recent years, when various Fiji, New Guinea and Papua gold mines were floated, one is amazed to note the way in which shares in goldmines in the Pacific Islands are now being neglected.

Only two gold mines survived and were developed on the Tavua field in Fiji, for example—namely, the Emperor and Loloma. Both are certain to give a substantial return on the capital invested, yet the shares of both mines have been sagging on the Stock Exchange in an extraordinary fashion.

Similarly, one notices that the shares of Goldmines of Papua N.L, are down to about 10/-. Nine months ago, when the company was a year off production, the shares were at 17/6 and the prospects of the company have been improved very much since then. The 5/shares of New Guinea Goldfields Limited are down to 1/9 yet everything indicates that this concern will pay lh% or probably 10% on issued capital for some years to come. # Practically every Pacific goldmining company is in the same way.

In such circumstances is it any wonder that promoters of goldmines in the Pacific Islands have very little respect for the intelligence of the investors of Pitt and Collins Streets.

“Here,” writes a friend in Papua, “is a picture which you can add to your famous collection of photographs of New Guinea village curs!” 66 F’acific Islands Monthly, December 21, i? 37

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Control of Catholic Missions In South Seas DEV. DR. JAMES HANNAN, of Melbourne, has been appointed by the Vatican to be national director of Pontificial Mission Aid activities in the South Seas.

Dr. Hannan is a young man, but his new position is important in Catholic administration.

He will control, directly under the jurisdiction of the Apostolic Delegate (Archbishop Panico), all South Seas activities of the Superior Council of the Propagation of the Faith.

The whole Catholic mission world is being organised on a basis of Catholic Action. Native Catholics in all countries are trained from childhood to the ideals of the lay apostolate among their own particular races. The Australian issue of the official organ of the Propagation of the Faith in future will publish sections in several languages.

Rev. A. P. Jennings, who has spent 20 years in missionary work in Papua and who came South early this year on account of sickness, left Townsville, Nth.

Queensland, for Samarai by the Montoro on December 13. He is stationed at Wedau village, on the mainland, 20 miles from Samarai, where he works for the New Guinea Mission.

Mr. and Mrs. G. F. Purdy, of the New Hebrides, sailed from Sydney, where they spent four months as guests of Mrs.

Purdy’s sister, by the Pierre Loti on November 18.

Dr. and Mrs. E. P. Ellison, of Rarotonga, Cook Islands, have been on leave in New Zealand. Dr. Ellison, medical superintendent at Avarua, is a member of the well-known Taiaroa family of Otago, N.Z.

Kunai Grass For Paper

New Guinea and Papua Plans ■"PHE elaborate plans for making paper pulp out of Kurukuru grass in Papua, and Kunai grass, in the Mandated Territory, which received a good deal of publicity last year, do not appear to have made much progress.

Two companies have been interested in these plans—Fibres Limited, a Sydney syndicate, and a company trading under a special name, which was really the Commonwealth Hemp Corporation. There apparently is some connection between the two—the Commonwealth Hemp Corporation has shares in Fibres Limited.

For a time, the two organisations seemed to act in concert, but in later times they apparently were acting independently. The Hemp Corporation appears to have obtained some rights over an area on Collingwood Bay. on the north east coast of Papua, and it sent a Mr.

Goodyear out scouting for suitable Kunai lands. He was in and about the Markham Valley in 1936, and interviewed various native landowners; but he has not been heard of for some time.

Fibres Limited appear to have secured land rights at Buna, also on the north east coast of Papua, but no activity by them has been reported for some time.

The Commonwealth Hemp Corporation at one period announced that it had the support of influential London men with much money; and it is believed that two or three five-tons sample lots of grass were sent to British and European mills for testing.

Mr. H. Gow arrived at Niue Island, Central Pacific, in November by the Maui Pomare to act for a time as relieving manager of Messrs. Burns Philp (S.S.) Co.’s branch. He formerly was at Fanning Island.

Rev. J. Hannan 67 I 5 aci f I d Islands Monthly, Dec6rn b e f 5 1 ■, I 9 3 ?

Octobei • 8 November 8 Wheat 8/7? 8/1* Liverpool Cotton ...... 4.52d. 4.45d.

Tin £235 £175 Copper , £46 15 0 £37 10 0 Rubber 8d 6|d Cocoa 28/3 26/9 Copra £15 10 0 £14 10 0 Groundnuts - £13 12 6 £12 5 0 Linseed Oil _. £29 12 G £27 0 0

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Copra Market

Death of Mr. H. M. F. Faure copra-grower in the South Seas will learn with regret that, early in November, the death occurred of Mr.

H. M. F, Faure, of London. He was head of the firm of that name; and, partly as a result of a lifetime spent in the oilseeds market, and partly as a result of a world-wide system of gathering statistics, which he had created, he was a wizard in forecasting the copra market. He was not always right; but he was right so often that no one could afford to ignore him.

The Pacific Islands Monthly , in November, published a summary of Mr. Faure’s October report his last report, as it proved. Mr. Faure was of opinion that the market, in 1938, would be somewhat depressed by a heavy production of cotton seed oil and whale oil.

His successors, in their report dated London. November 15, point out that the following falls had occurred in leading commodities:— They say that they cannot find justification for this all-round weakness—it appears all to be traced back to the strange wave of pessimism in Wall St.

They conclude: “There is no dearth of oils and fats in Europe. Spot stocks generally are low, whilst consumers are unhampered with heavy stocks at high prices as they were in the slump of 1931-32. The present situation is, without doubt, very much healthier than it was six years ago, and although the average level of prices over next year is likely to be below the average for the present year, we must be prepared for sharp upward movements.”

Producers almost certainly will show a disposition, throughout the world, to hang on, in the anticipation of better markets. One sees it already in Australia where the United Wool-growers, angered by the operations of “bears” on a timid market, resolved forthwith to reduce their offerings by 20 per cent.

Dr. William Armstrong, who for the past eight years has been practising at Violet Town, Victoria, has been accepted by the Presbyterian Foreign Mission to do medical work in New Hebrides. He and his wife will succeed Dr. and Mrs.

D. MacLeod at Lenakel, Tanna Island.

The hospital and other missionary work at Lenakel is carried out under the administration of the John G. Paton Committee, which administers a fund as a memorial to the pioneer Presbyterian missionary of the New Hebrides.

Suva Medical School

Sydney Club's Prize COME time ago the Pacific Islands Club, of Sydney, decided to recognise the excellent work done for the native peoples of the Pacific, by offering a prize for annual competitipn at the Central Medical School at Suva.

The matter was. referred to the Principal (Dr. D. W. Hoodless), who suggested that the prize should take the. form of a medical work. The book was duly purchased in Sydney, suitably inscribed, and forwarded to Fiji, The only stipulation made by the club was that it was to be awarded to a native medical practitioner.

The successful student was Geoffrey Kuper, of Santa Anna, British Solomon Islands Protectorate. “He has already passed his finals in surgery, public health, and medicine,” wrote Dr. Hoodless to the secretary (Mr. Eric Ramsden), “and he is about to take his final examination in obstetrics, in which subject I have no doubt he will also qualify, thus becoming a qualified and certified native medical practitioner for the Administration of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate.”

Geoffrey Kuper has now completed his studied at the school, and will arrive in Sydney at the end of December on his way back to the Solomon Islands. 68 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Mr. F. Wallin Retires

Long Years as Islands Shipping Manager QUIETLY and unobtrusively, as has been his way always, Mr. Frederick Wallin, on November 30, retired from the position of Islands Shipping Manager of Messrs. Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd. Ho took with him the goodwill of the “big firm”, which he has served so loyally and well for 47 years, and the best wishes of many hundreds of Sydney business men with whom he had come frequently in contact.

Mr. Wallin was 20 years old when he joined the B.P. service in 1890, and for 17 years he was connected with the various branches in Queensland —Brisbane.

Townsville, and Normanton. He dealt with lire and marine insurance in Brisbane; was accountant in Townsville; branch manager in Normanton; and in 1907 he came to head office, in Sydney.

It was Mr. Wallin’s destiny that he should direct the Islands shipping services—one of the most harassing jobs at 7 Bridge Street. Just as an example, consider what this quietly-spoken, greyhaired man had to deal with in his last year of office disorganisation through the Macdhui fire; ditto through the Rabaul eruption; ditto through the Nej)tuna mishap; ditto through the B.P. fire in Rabaul. Let any man, even if he knows nothing of shipping, imagine the effect upon finely-drawn steamer schedules of any one of those calamities.

But Mr. Wallin possessed just the right temperament to deal with troubles and accidents, “Keep your mind concentrated on the subject you are dealing with, he said to the writer once. “Keep a grip on things—don’t dither around- Clarify your points. Don’t let your mind butterfly off into abstractions—and this applies to accounts and statistics as well as to letters and reports. Let your ideas and argument run smoothly through your paragraphs, in proper sequence.

“As for the problems of life—well, most of them were created by human agency, and therefore they can be solved by human endeavour. To be successful one must be happy as well as diligent in one’s work, and one must keep fit. I owe much to the Rugby football I played in my youth—there, as in one’s work, the team spirit is indispensable. Also, I p’ayed tennis ahd had a part in sailing, swimming, rifle-shooting. And, now, motor-touring! ”

Mr. Wallin left Sydney in December for Queensland on a leisurely wander.

Rev. A. W. Guy, of Bunama, Papua, who is in Australia on furlough, has advised the Methodist Mission that he cannot return to the Territory owing to the ill-health of his wife.

Dr. E. E. L. Haworth, who had been a dentist on Norfolk. Island for seven years, died on November 25, aged 75.

Mr. F. Wallin

Paramount Studios. 69 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2 1. 1937

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Crown and Anchor Spinning Wheel Games.

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“Totem” a betting game, showing winner and winner’s price, 21/-, with betting sheet. Push the lever —off they spin.

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Greens for heads, reds for tails. 4 Spinning Wheel games, with instructions and betting sheets, 7/6 each, or set of 4 for 28/6.

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Mantle Model Electric Superheterodyne Radio £l3/10/-. Value NOW - £B/10/-.

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Microphones for speech or music, play into any radio, 25/-; circular type as illustrated. Hand holding and hanging type, 22/6. Others 12/6 and 15/-.

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The set assembled and complete, £l2/14/9.

Electric Reading Lamps, Flexible Stands, 10/6, 12/6, 15/-, complete fitted with dry battery.

Write for full list radio publications: The Radio Dictionary 5/-, The Book of Practical Radio 7/6, The Book of Television 7/6, The Wireless Encyclopedia 7/6, The Outline of Wireless 10/9.

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Pyrex type Glass Insulators: 3in.. I/- 4in., 3/6, 6in., 6/6.

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Genuine Pyrex 30/- 3 INS JD 4>N3 *'*s COSMOCORD* 25 A* ' t Gramophone Pickups complete Richards, just arrived 25/- “Cosmocord” 25/- "Cosmocord” De Luxe 32/6 “Cosmocord” high definition ...... ...... 38/6 “Cosmocord” Super de Luxe ...... 45/- Amplion (English) 28/6 B.T.H. bakelite models 32/6 Radio Gramophone Pickup Heads fit all standard tone arms 11/6, 19/6. 10/6. 12/6. Separate volume control with leads fitted, 4/9.

Gramophone Tone Arms to suit pickup heads, 2/6. Oddments to complete pickups, 20/-.

Write for Punch Board Leaflets

Levenson’S Radio

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Please add freight and packing. 70 Pacific Island's Monthly, December 21, 1937

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If you suffer from Headache, Rheumatism, Heat Exhaustion, Nervous Irritability, Sleeplessness or any nerve or muscular pain, get a packet of Vincent’s A.P.C. Powders or Tablets and take them as directed. You will be more than satisfied at the speedy, effective relief Vincent’s A.P.C. brings. Vincent’s A.P.C. can be taken with perfect safety, as it does not affect the heart or leave any after-effects.

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Australian Short Wave Broadcast January 2 to January 29 A USTRALIAN National Short Wave hroaH/*jW front Melbourne, Victoria, on 31.34 metres for listeners in the Western Pacific. Call sign: VLR.

P.M. Daily Weekdays

12.35 Recorded Music. 1.00 Time Signal, and News Bulletin. 1.05 Interstate Weather. 1.15 Music. 3.00 % (Monday, Tuesday, and Friday) Time Signal, and Broadcast to Schools. 3.20 (Tuesday and Friday) Classic Music. 5.00 Close. 6.30 Comment by “The Watchman.” 6.45 (Tuesday excluded) Sporting News. 7.00 (Saturday excluded) News, Markets, and Weather for North Australia. 7.20 Overseas News Service. 7.30 Queensland and North Australian News. 7.40 (Tuesday and Thursday) News in French for New Caledonia and New Hebrides. 850 (Usually) Musical Programme. 10.30 Australasian News Service. 10.50 Musical Programme. 11.30 Close.

P.M. Every Saturday

12.45 Music. 1.15 —5.15 Description of current spoi'ting and athletic events, interspersed with music. 6.30 Markets Summary. 7.10 New Zealand Mail Bag. 7.35 Sporting Highlights of the Week. 10.50 Australasian Mail Bag.

H.OO Dance Music. 12.00 Close. pm. EVERY SUNDAY 6.00 Musical Programme by various State Orchestras. 6.30 Talk on International Affairs, 7.30 Recordings of Overseas Artists. 8.30 Story. 10.15 News. 10.30 Close.

JANUARY 2 TO JANUARY 29 Jan. 2 (Sun.)—7 p.m. “Alice in Orchestralia” - 8.45 New Note Octet; 9.15 Radio Presentation of Recent Film.

Jan. 3 (Mon.) —1.30 p.m. Mentone Races; 3.30 Cricket—S.A. v. Vic.; 7.40 Talk; 8 “Return of Father Brown”; 8.30 “Emma and ’Erbert” - 9 Topical Revue.

Jan, 4 (Tues.)—3.3o p.m. Cricket—S.A. v. Vic. ; 8 Symphony Hour ; 0 Travel Letter; 9.40 Ursula Malkin (Canadian Pianist).

Jan 5 (Wed.)—l.3o p.m. Moonee Valley Races; 7.40 Australian Historv; 8 Variety Show • 845 Orchestral Hour; 9.45 “Young Australia”: 10 A.B.C. Chorus. c di ( T hu "* ) — 2 p-rn- Mornington Races; 8 The Play s the Thing” ; 9.30 Ursula Malkin ; 10 Dance Music. a o 7 2 n-m ‘ Tennis — Germany v.

Play Current Hits ” : 8-30 0r * an Recital; (rin r 'i 8 . n^; Ref>ital bv D; no Borgioli Recital ’ B ’ s ° Laun Iverine dy (Cellist) ;10 Piano swp'VSt 7 p,Tn ‘ “ A,ice in Orchestralia”; 8.22 Richard Tauber (Recorded) ; 8.45 John Morley Quintet; 9.15 An Ernest Raymond Play.

Jan. 10 (M0n.)—1.30 p.m. Ascot Trots: 330 Cricket—S.A. Qld. ; 8 “Retur- of Fath§b Revue ’ B ’ 3 ° * Enima and ’ Erb ert”; 9 Topical on an '« M (T , ues ->— 3-30 P- m - Cricket—S.A. v.

Qld., 8 Symphony Hour; 9 Travel Letter; 9 10 Ailsa McKenzie (Contralto) and Arthur Little (Baritone) ; 9.40 “Noel, the Knowall ” dan ' 12 (Wed.) 3.30 p.m. Cricket—S.A. v.

Qld. , 740 Australian History; 8 Light Opera Music; 9.15 Talk on World Affairs.

Jan. 13 (Thurs.)—2 p.m. Tennis—U.S. A. v.

Chorus 8 The P,ay ’ S the Thin s” i 9-15 A.B.C.

Jan. 14 (Fri.) —2 p.m. Tennis—U.S. A. v.

Aust. ; 3.30 Cricket—Qld. v. Vic • 740 Talk • fIV-SSj S T t“^ r Re ° M: ° Jan. 15 (Sat.) —1.30 p.m. Caulfield Races; 3.30 Cricket—S.A. v. N.S.W. ; 8 Dino Borgioli (Tenor) ; 10 Instrumental Ensemble.

Jan. 16 (Sun.) —7 p.m. ‘‘Alice in Orchestralia” ; 8.45 New Note Octet: 9.15 Play.

Jan. 17 (M0n.)—3.30 p.m. Cricket —S.A. v.

N.S.W. ; 7.40 Talk ; 8 ‘‘Return of Father Brown” : 8.30 “Emma and ’Erbert” ; 9 Topical Revue; 11 Recorded Recital Alexander Kipnis (Russian Bass-Baritone).

Jan. 18 (Tues) —1.30 p.m. Geelong Races; 3.30 Cricket—S.A. v. N.S.W. ; 8 Symphony Hour; 9 Travel Letter; 9.40 “Noel, the Knowall” ; 10 Harpsichord Recital.

Jan. 19 (Wed.) —1.30 p.m. Warrnambool Races; 3.30 Cricket—S.A. v. N.S.W. ; 7.40 Australian History; 9.15 Talk on World Affairs.

Jan. 20 (Thurs.) —1.30 p.m. Warrnambool Races: 8 “The Play’s the Thing”; 10 A.B.C.

Wireless Chorus.

Jan. 21 (Fri.) —1.30 p.m. Kyneton Races; 3.30 Cricket —Vic. v. N.S.W. ; 7.40 Talk ; 8.30 Organ Recital ; 9 Talk ; 9.45 Play.

Jan. 22 (Sat.) -8 p.m. Variety Programme: 8.30 Instrumental Ensemble: 9.45 Arthur Little (Baritone).

Jan. 23 (Sun.) —7 p.m. “Alice in Orchestralia”' 8.45 A.B.C. Concert Orchestra: 9.15 Plav.

Jan. 24 (Mon.)—-1-30 p.m. Ascot Trots; 7.40 Talk; 8 “Return of Father Brown”; 8.30 “Emma and ’Erbert”; 9 Topical Revue.

Jan. 25 (Tues.) —1.30 p.m. Aust. Tennis Championships; 8 Play: 9 Scotch Programme; 9.30 Danny Malone (Tenor) ; 9.45 Comedy Sketch.

Jan. 26 (Wed.) 1.30 p.m. Epsom Races; 7.40 Australian History ; 8 Australia Day Programme ; 9.45 Ballad Concert.

Jan. 27 (Thurs.) —1.80 p.m. Aust. Tennis Championships; 8 Opera—“Maritana” ; 9.15 Lauri Kennedy (’Cellist) ; 10 Dance Music.

Jan, 28 (Fri.) 1.30 p.m. Tennis Championships; 8 Dance Music; 8.30 Organ Recital; 8.50 Dino Borgiolo (Tenor) ; 9.40 Variety Show.

Jan. 29 (Sat.) 8 p.m. Orchestral Programme: 5.30 Choral Fantasia ; 9 Talk “I Remember” ; 9.45 Raymond Beattie (Bass-Baritone) and Heather Kinnaird (Contralto).

Mr. J. Craig, Colonial Treasurer of Fiji, arrived in Sydney on November 25 by the Narkunda on his way back to Suva, after eight months’ leave in England.

Mr. W. W. Dee, Medical Assistant in the N.G. Administration, sailed from Sydney for Rabaul by the Nellore on December 11, after furlough in Melbourne.

*Oct 28 |Nov 24 Ore treated, tons 1,280 1 580 Gold, fine oz. 1,228.8 1.669 Silver, fine oz 552 757 Tailings assay, dwt 11.3 8.1 *On raw treatment; plant absorption est. 224oz. gold.

Four weeks ended Sept 9 Oct 7 Nov 4 Dec 2 Ore, tons 2,712 2,900 2,524 3,304 Oold, fine oz 553 616 593 611 Value fA 4,839 5,390 5,189 5,346 Mining Ore Treatment Machinery

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Mr. Gordon Thomas, editor of the “Rabaul Times,” and Mrs. Thomas were passengers from Sydney for New Guinea by the December Neptuna. They spent part of their holidays at Taree, N.S.W.

Islands Mining

NEWS From Fiji LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES N.L.

THE general manager of Loloma (Fiji) Gold ' Mines N.L. (Mr. F. W. Godden),'in the Co.’s report for the year ended July 31, stated that as most of the development work for the term was done on the extensions beyond the main high grade shoots, he felt confident that, as the 224 ft level was extended under these in the 120 ft. level and the number one adit, a material increase in the positive ore could be expected.

In addition, the further opening up of the blocks of probable and possible ore might show that these were under-valued. The results of mine development for the year demonstrated that payable values existed for considerable distances farther south than was originally thought. Development during the year added 33,830 tons of ore to reserves, of an average grade of 17.66dwt.

The total positive, probable, and possible ore at July 31 was estimated at 138,960 tons, containing 186,4080 z. of gold. Mine account shows an increase of £50,290 on the 1936 figures: At the balance date current assets were £19,411, including advances to associate companies £11,200. Outside liabilities are represented by sundry creditors £6.447.

Loloma’s second clean-up of 1,580 tons of ore from the mine at Tavua, gave a yield of 1,6690 z. fine gold and ,7570 z. fine silver. The clean-up was for the four weeks ended November 24, and represents a return of approximately 21.13dwt. a ton of ore treated. Residues assayed S.ldwt. a ton. For 75 per cent of the period, the management reports, the plant was operating on raw treatment. At the time of the issue of the report it was on designed treatment. The assay value of the residues was down to about 4dwt. a ton, and it was still falling.

Results of the second clean-up are compared with those of the first clean-up (for the four weeks ended October 28) in the following table: fOn raw treatment 75 per cent of period.

PACIFIC GOLD N.L.

Diamond drilling operations by Pacific Gold N.L., at Wainivesi, Fiji, proved that the promising ore body tested in the surface operations did not live down to lower levels. Free options have now been taken over two N.S.W. alluvial properties. Expenditure in the 12 months ended September 30 exceeded the income by £835. At the close of the year bank and cash accounts amounted to £941, and sundry creditors were owed £22.

MT. KASI MINES LTD.

Mount Kasi Mines Ltd. Vanua Le ,r u, Fiji, reported that the November-December production (as compared with three previous periods) was: KOROERE GOLD N.L.

Since work was discontinued by Koroere Cold N.L., on the Walu lode at the southern end of the lease on the property at Tavua, Fiji, all labour has been transferred to the north end near the Emperor-Koroere boundary, stated a report issued by the Co. in November. Work has begun on a line of formation running south from the boundary on the western slope of Koroere Hill.

Preliminary trenching on this line has disclosed a fairly regular formation and a shaft is now being sunk at a spot approximately 400 r t. south of the boundary. To date this sinking has disclosed a lode formation of soft altered andesite, carrying odd thin leaders of hard stone. The values obtained from this shaft by assay are from bulk sampling and channel samples at the same depth are: —3ft. (deptM. 2.4 dwt. (bulk sample) ; 6ft., s.2dwt. ; 10ft., ?l.sdwt. bulk; 15.6dwt. (channel sample); 15ft.. 7.Bdwt. and lldwt. ; 18ft., 6.4dwt. and trace; 21ft., 5.6 dwt and I.4dwt. ; 23ft., trace and I.4dwt.

It is proposed to continue sinking here while any values are obtained, and to crosscut at a lower depth to ascertain the width of the formation.

Work has been continued at the Cardigan West No. 7 shaft in a northerly direction. A west crosscut driven off the north drive at 143 ft. north provided a lode formation of a total width of 32ft., carrying low values. At 32ft west on the western wall of the lode channel, assay values over thel last four feet returned 3.2dwt. a ton, and A. north drive along this was begun. The E. crosscut at No. 7 shaft was extended from 21ft. to 30ft., but as no values were obtained this was stopped. It is proposed to continue working on the northerly extension and later to test the depth of the north end and east by sinking winzes, where good values were obtained formerly.

Emperor Mines Ltd

Since September, production of Emperor Mines Ltd., Tavua. Fiji, has been:— Four weeks ended Sept 4 Oct 2 Oct 30 Nov 27 Ore treated, tons 2,176 2.259 2,700 2,600 Head value, dwt. 9.8 9.25 8 8 3 Gold, oz. fine 963.1 948.7 949.9 First clean-up from the new Emperor treatment plant is expected on Januai*y 29.

No. 1 grinding section of the new plant started operating on December 10, and except for minor adjustments is reported to be working satisfactorily. Total capacity of the new plant, including the existing unit, is 3000' tons of ore a week.

Experiments made by the Co. indicate the possibility of recovering telluride minerals as a concentrate from the residues of the cyanide plant by flotation. An eight-cell flotation plant will be installed at the existing pilot plant in a few monhs to test this process under practical conditions. If successful it will enable the higher 72 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.

Cubic yards 14,139 16,619 17,992 19,981 Gold, oz. 185 351 360 271 Per cubic yd. 1/11* 3/2 3/- 2/0* Working cost ... — 1/6* 1/6 1/5 Cub. yd.

Hours Gold(oz.) September 17.500 496 303.25 October 9,000 (est.) 350 141.76 November 24,000 435 416 Total 50,500 1281 861 Previous quarter 76,644 1569 856.9 Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Edie Creek mill: Gold, oz. fine 1.267 1.053 1.014 Silver, oz. fine 3.514 3,134 3,185 Alluvial: Gold, fine oz . 1.243 1,288 1,321 Silver, oz. fine 890 950 961 Gold Ridges mill: Gold, oz. fine ....... 745 685 483 Silver, oz. fine 639 734 536 Operating profit: Edie Creek £3,341 £846 £1,090 Alluvial 5,168 5,533 6,002 Golden Ridges 1,844 1,441 2,394 Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Cubic yards 893.600 899.600 751,100 Bullion, oz 18.310 15,999 12.573 Cold, fine oz 12.838 11,037 8.703 VALUE: Aust. currency* £112,332 £96,573 £76,151 Per cubic yard /30.1 /25.7 Working profit £75.188 £70.280 £60,068 *At £A8/15/- per fine ounce.

November treatment included about 70.000 cubic yards tailings.

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WEIGHTS AND ASSAYS. are assured to producers and sellers of gold bullion who forward their consignments to The Electrolytic Refining and Smelting Co. of Aust. Ltd. for treatment and realisation.

RECORD PRICE. —On 6th March, 1935, this company paid to its clients at the rate of £9/4/6 net per fine ounce, which is the highest price ever paid for gold in Australia.

SPECIALLY ORGANISED SER- VICE Is available to clients in New Guinea, Fiji and other Pacific Island centres.

Address consignments from outside Australia to the Company's Sydney office.

Weighing a Pacific Islands consignment of The Electrolytic Refining & Smelting Co.

Of Australia Limited

Melbourne: Works; Sydney: Collins House. Port Kembla, N.S.W. 25 O'Connell Street.

PURCHASERS AND REFINERS OF GOLD. SILVER. COPPER IN ANY FORM BANKERS;—The English, Scottish and Australian Bank Ltd. grade semi-oxidised ore to be treated on a large scale by the installation: of flotation machines in the new plant.

At September 4 proved and prospective ore was estimated at 906,300 tons, containing approximately 385,8500 z. of gold. With gold at £B/10/per oz., the gold content of the reserves is about £3,280,000.

From New Guinea

Enterprise Of New Guinea

A DDRESSING shareholders at the annual meeting of Enterprise of New Guinea Gold and Petroleum N.L., in Melbourne on November 24, the chairman (Mr. Edward Ward) said although directors were disappointed that the Co. had not secured the oil leases for which it had made application in New Guinea, efforts would be continued to that end. The leases sought were in an “uncontrolled” area and permits had not yet been granted by the Administrator. Mr. Ward said he was sure that no favouritism was being given to other oil companies, because no' permits had been issued in “uncontrolled” areas. He had no idea when the Administrator would be in a position to make the areas available.

The general manager in New Guinea (Mr. H.

Taylour), who was present, said he considered the Edie Creek mine had promising prospects. It was difficult to estimate its tonnage at present, but he considered that prospects merited the installation of machinery. The mine was a low grade proposition. Values should range from 5 to 6dwts. a ton and milling and treatment and treatment costs should total about 25/- a ton. The vein system on the mine was strong and at depth veins were cut that were not expected, indicating that values should live down.

The Surprise Creek mine was an alluvial proposition, but it had difficulties on account of its isolation. It should show a profit on capital invested. Transport and labour, especially skilled labour, were drawbacks to New Guinea gold mining, Mr. Taylour added.

Accounts of Enterprise for the year ended August 31, showed that expenditure of the Co. exceeded income by £7,677. Current assets exceeded outside liabilities by £9629.The Co.’s gold output during the year was 9940z5.

Enterprise’s November report stated:—Production unrefined retorted alluvial gold from all sources: 83oz. 12dwt. from 2,837 cubic yards wash dirt and 4,426 cubic yards overburden. Edie mina cyanide plant production for month; 120 oz. 19dwt. gold bullion from 553 tons.

N.G. GOLDFIELDS LTD.

The Mining Trust Ltd., consultihg engineers for New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., issued the following report on behalf of N.G.G. on November 29: BULOLO GOLD DEPOSITS LTD.

Bulolo Gold Deposits Ltd. reports that abnormal rains caused a flood in the Little Wau Creek and on November 18 the boxes and gold on the Morobe Alluvials area were washed out. The damage has been repaired and sluicing was recommenced on November 23, but because of the time lost during repairs there will be no cleanup until just before Christmas.

BULOLO GOLD DREDGING LTD.

Production of the four dredges of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd. for November compares with that of the previous two periods as follows: SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING LTD.

The mine manager reported on December 4 that November production compared with the three previous months as follows: SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT LTD.

Production of Sunshine Gold Development Ltd., for the quarter ended November 30, was: A net profit of £14,124 was earned by Sunshine Gold Development Ltd., New Guinea, for the 14 months ended September 30. A first dividend of 6d. a share absorbed £5,000, and £1,318 was written off formation expenses and brokerage leaving £7,805 to be carried forward.

During the period 261,472 cubic yds. were sluiced for a recovery of 4,409 gross oz,, which realised £27,058 net after paying royalties, transport, smelting, and other charges,- The directors state that the principal difficulties in the way of continuous operations of plant have been overcome, and regular dividends are expected.

Sluicing operations have borne out generally the values determined by boring where such tested areas were treated. A diversion from the original layout was made, thereby increasing the sluicing areas. By taking in this ground, the value of the gravels actually sluiced during the period were below the average estimated value of the whole property, but, nevertheless, were profitable. As this extended area has now been treated it will be possible to sluice the old bed of the river, containing gravels of higher values, which should bring the average up to the estimated for the whole.

The working cost has varied ; but for the three months to May 31, when, during a continuous run of 1761 hours, 78,256 cubic yards were treated, sluicing and overall combined cost of lOd per cubic yd. was obtained. It is anticipated that, with a clear run, this cost will be maintained and in all probability reduced. The balance of 32 acres of the Widubosh D.C. 63 claim was acquired, which consolidates the principal working claims and extends the total surface area to about 300 acres. (Continued on next page) 73 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21. 19 3?

Sept. Oct. Nov.

Treated, tons 2,414 2,453 2.640 Bullion, oz. 2,548 2,597 2,475 Gold, fine oz 601 705 759 Silver, fine oz 1,802 1,792 1,477 Estimated value £A £4,923 £5,729* £6.142 Per ton of ore - 40/10 46/9 46/7 *In addition, £440 worth of gold slags and residues shipped for realisation.

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CHROME ALLUVIALS LTD.

OHROME production by Chrome Alluvials Ltd. is expected to commence in New Caledonia shortly, according to a message from Noumea, fearly in December. Progress with the erection of the water race has been rapid, and the engineer in charge expected the race to be finished by December 15.

Further details of the engineer’s report were as follow: ‘‘Concentrating Plant.—Bendelai now firmly set on cement ready for operation ; necessary feed boxes and launders under construction ; also classifier vibrator screen being set on cemdnt foundation. Wharf .—Timber cutting and delivery continues. General.—Have no doubt of successful treatment by process introduced; profit of operations , will be large.”

In a report dated November 22, he states that fluming and by-washes were being placed in position. Race cutting exposed a body of nickel ore and a body of cobalt. It is not yet possible to estimate values. Little work remained to be done on the construction of the dam.

From Papua MANDATED ALLUVIALS N.L. jyiINING operations of Mandated Alluvials, N.L., near Port Moresby, Papua, have recently been enlarged by the extension of adits, drives and winzes. This work is expected to facilitate the supply of ore at a rapid rate.

Directors report that the whole of the plant and machinery have now been delivered, and that erection is proceeding. The last shipment, comprising all units of the power plant, consisting of a 150 h.p. Yarrow boiler, a 50 h.p. Robey engine. 40 k.w. generator, 24 h.p. motor, Tangye 3-throw ram pump, 10,000 gallon tank, and complete electrical equipment, were shipped by the November Macdhui together with the first consignment of over 100 tons of metallurgical coke.

In the year ended July 31, the Co. spent £7,200 on one mine development account. Preliminary charges absorbed £2,400.

Sapphire Creek (Papua) Syndicate

At the half-yearly meeting of Sapphire Creek (Papua) Development Syndicate N.L., at the end of November, the chairman (Mr. R. E. Tracey) told shareholders that the Sapphire King lease in Papua had been abandoned and that consideration was being given by the directors to the question of taking up a silver-lead property in Tasmania.

CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLDMINE LTD.

Cuthbert’s Misima Goldmine Ltd., Eastern Papua, on November 26 declared an interim dividend (the 7th) of 6d a share, payable December 17. The previous distribution, of 6d a share, was made on September 24. In view of the irregular steamer service between Misima Is. and Samarai, and the restriction to a period not exceeding 30 days a year for the closing of the share registers, the directors have decided in future to pay dividends half-yearly instead of quarterly, as at present.

November production, as compared with September and October, was: GOLD MINES OF PAPUA LTD.

Gold Mines of/Papua Ltd. (one of the “Pratten Group”), which holds 286 acres in 14 mining leases on Misima Island, Eastern Papua, expects to have a modern 20-head battery and a complete sand and slime cyaniding plant in operation early in the coming year. The Co. has proved the existence of 250,000 tons of mainly oxidised ore, worth 46/-> per ton at the mill-head,'- and 150,000 tons sulphide ore, of lesser value; and it plans to put through 3,000 tons per month, for an estimated annual profit of £36,000.

The Co. has an issued capital of about £105,000.

Its 5/- shares are quoted at around 10/-, and have been up, in the past year to 17/-. On the, disclosed figures, the shares are worth at le«*st 15/-. These are careful, conservative people, however ; the mine is on the same line of country as Cuthbert’s money-spinner; the estimates of ore proved and in sight are more notable for what they do not say than for what they do say -—and, generally, it is probable that the shareholders who get in eg,rly will find themselves on a good thing.

They deserve it. Many weary years have passed since a little Sydney group joined Genera!

Bertie Lloyd in Misima Options Ltd; and some of the faithful were in a syndicate that even preceded that. Their judgment was sound the gold was there —but the place was haunted by wild cats, word-jugglers, and practised wasters of capital. Developments have proceeded sou i dly since the Pratten interests came in, but with dreadful slowness; the plant should have been in operation months ago. It is cruel country, however, with a pleasant habit, in the night-time after a rainy day, of sliding away into an abyss. 74 Pacific Island-s Monthly, December 21, From New Caledonia

FIJI Mid-July Mid-Oct.

Mid-Dec.

Emperor Mines bl4/6 b!2/6 b!2/- Koroere .. s5/s3/6 sS/lJ Loloma b!9/6 b20/b!7/3 Mt. Kasi b6/b5/4 b4/10 Vatu Kasia . s2/9 s2/sl/6

New Guinea

Buiolo Deposits bl/1 bl/bl/3i Bulolo G.D b£5/10/b£4/14/6 b£5/15/- Enterprise of N.G. b£4/7/6 b£2/15/b£l/2/6 Guinea Gold b!3/3 b!2/9 b!2/6 N.G.G-. Ltd. _ b2/4 b2/4 bl/9 Oil Search b7/9 b7/7 b6/4 Placer Dev „ b£4/0/6 b£3/12/b£3/12/- Sandy Ck. b2/l b2/3V bl/9 Sunshine Gold bll/2 bll/4 bll/1 Cuthbert's G.M.

PAPUA b23/s!9/9 b20/- G.M. of Papua b!2/b9/10 b9/ll Mandated All. bl/I b2/8 bl/9 Oriomo Exp. b3/3 b3/3 b3/2 Yodda Gold Co. b4d b2d b2d On top of the World The world is yours . . . with FERRANTI as your guide. You might spend an evening in Paris, or slip a few degrees around the dial to Berlin, London or New York. You might go adventuring down the Andes, or pay a neigh- i hourly visit to Australia or New Zealand. * FERRANTI All Wave Receivers make close and "T" friendly contacts for you everywhere. The exclusive Magnascopic Dial, giving an effective tuning scale 6 feet long, is mainly responsible • for your splendid reception. • Write next mail for full particulars. • iLD Jli WORLD .Vu‘,l N 0 V ES j

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Refrigerating Plant For

WEWAK A COMPLETE refrigeration and icemaking plant to be installed by Mr.

W. H. Parer at Wewak (on the north coast of New Guinea), was sent away by the November Macdhui. Mr. Parer hoped to have the plant in operation by Christmas to supply ice and perishable goods to Wewak residents, and miners on the nearby goldfield.

Manufactured by Messrs. James Budge Ltd., of Alexandria, Sydney, the plant comprises two insulated cold rooms, each nine feet square by eight feet high, and an insulated ice tank with a capacity for making 10 cwt. of ice a day. Driven by a diesel engine, the equipment includes a three-ton Budge ammonia compressor, atmospheric condenser, expansion coils, cold storage cylinders for the cold rooms, and coils and ice-moulds for the ice-making tank.

Citizens' Association Of

MADANG From a Special Correspondent MADANG, Nov. 28.

THE recently formed Madang branch * of the Citizens’ Association of New Guinea is gradually getting into its stride as a working body, with a policy of moderation and co-operation with all sections of the community.

When the branch was formed there was comment in certain local quarters that the organisation appeared to have extreme tendencies, with the object of resisting vested authority. These fears have been dispelled by recent addresses by the President (Mr. C. Rouse). He emphatically declared that the Madang Association had been established “to foster and maintain co-operation with authorities on all matters, and that it would not adopt a bombastic attitude, with ridiculous and uncompromising requests, which would only ferment bad feeling among citizens of the same community.”

Pacific Archaeology

TN the current number of the Polynesian Society’s Journal is a long article from the pen of our old friend, Mr.

Arthur J. Vogan, in which he shows illustrations of some of his principal archaeological discoveries—some of which have appeared in these columns. He shows the hare moon-symbolism ciselured upon the sand-stone cliffs of Woy Woy, near Sydney, which, he says, gives evidence that the so-called “aboriginal carvings” were made principally, anyway —by Asiatic wanderers, hundreds of years before hares and rabbits were introduced by sportsmen to bless Australasian farmers.

He shows, also, some of his archaeological finds in Fiji—especially in the Yasaiwas. and in Vanua Levu.

Mr. and Mrs. O. M. Rondahl, of Rabaul, New Guinea, spent a short holiday in Adelaide, South Australia, in November.

The Glory Of Papeete

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, Dec. 3.

'T’HE highways of the new section of *■ Papeete are a glory of blossoms. The flowering trees planted three years ago have grown to a height of over 20 feet and have recently burst forth into full bloom.

With our delight in beauty is a deep regret that the late Samuel, Russell, whose especial care they were, is not here to see this splendour. Sam was an expert in the care of trees, and it is due to his skill and careful pruning that the trees have grown to the handsome symmetry they possess to-day.

Those who love beauty are deeply grateful to that resident of Papeari, on Tahiti, who has been responsible for the importation of these trees and who presented them to the city. 75 Pacific Isl a n d(s Monthly, December 21, 1937

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Rev. Albert Mason and Mrs. Mason, who have been in the Solomon Islands for the Melanesian Mission since 1914, arrived in Sydney from their station at North Malaita on December 17. They sailed the following day by the Wanganella for New Zealand where they will spend three months’ leave.

Death Of Oldest Member

Op N.G. Police Force

From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, Dec.B.

Vl^ ARRANT Officer Harry McFarlane, who had the longest record of service in the N.G. Police Force, died in Namanula Hospital on November 29, aged 52. His funeral was one of the largest Rabaul had ever seen.

Mr. McFarlane served in the Great War at Gallipoli, and in the Royal Navy with the North Sea Fleet. He also took part in the landing at Kabakaul, New Britain, with the Australian forces, in September, 1914. After the War, he joined the R.A.A.F., and then, in 1923, came to New Guinea, where he was held in very high regard. . Mr. Francis L. W. Whitlock, manager of Lever’s Pacific Plantations Pty. Ltd.’s estate at West Bay, British Solomon Islands, died from cerebral malaria on November 22, when he was returning to 8.5.1. from furlough in Australia by the Malaita. He was buried at sea. Mr. Whitlock had spent 12 years in 8.5.1.

Rev. F. J. Searle, Principal of the Lawes College, Fife Bay, Papua, arrived in Sydney by the Macdhui on December 15 to spend furlough on the Blue Mountains, N.S.W. Mr. Searle is a member of the London Missionary Society’s staff.

In the Solomons

Coins From New Guinea

SEVENTEEN boxes of Australian shilk-' lings from New Guinea arrived at the Melbourne Mint early in December.

They are part of the coinage previously used in New Guinea, which has been displaced by a new issue made with holes in the centre to facilitate carrying on a string by the natives. After being cleaned by a special process at the Mint the coins will be placed in general circulation in Australia.

Torres Strait News

From Our Own Correspondent THURSDAY, IS., Dec. 9.

THE Queensland Government ketch Melbidir and * the Mission Stations along* the Gulf of Carpentaria all have been fitted with radio outfits both for reception and transmission. Equipment on the larger Torres Strait islands will be established later.

Mr. K. O. Mackenzie, who formerly was interested in the Torres Strait pearl-shelling industry, passed away suddenly at Barcaldine, Queensland, recently.

Mr. Preece, of Madiri, Fly River, Western Division of Papua, was brought over recently from Daru, by P.O.D.’s Sikorsky amphibian for treatment in the Torres Strait Hospital* for blood poisoning. Another employee came over by seaplane later for medical attention. Both have now returned to their duties in Papua.

Miss Clarice Hayton, of the staff of St. Paul’s Mission on Moa Island, Torres Strait, has gone on her first furlough which she will spend in Tasmania.

Mr. E. Sareanalis has been appointed to the T.I. Town Council to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Alderman Burgess.

Mr. Jack F. Spiers, manager at Yandina, Russell Group, 8.5.1., for the Malayta Company (now the Fairy mead Sugar Co.), died in October. He was well known throughout the Group, having spent nearly 15 years in the Solomons.

Trailing a line—a familiar sight in the South Seas -Sketch by Mrs. A. E. Gross, B.S.I. 76 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 1 , 1937

Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £110 15 0 £112 0 0 On demand £110 12 6 £111 17 6 Francs to £ Australia on Papeete Australian Average for week ended 29/11/37 115.27 Average for week ended 6/12/37 115.23 Average for week ended 13/12/37 115.22 Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian Average for week ended 29/11/37 115.22 Average for week ended 6/12/37 115.18 Average for week ended 13/12/37 115.17 London: Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £1*5 0 0 On Demand _ — — £123 0 0 124 IT C 30 days 122 15 0 124 15 0 60 days 122 10 0 124 1* « 90 days ...._ 122 5 0 124 10 • 120 days 122 0 0 124 7 4 Use - - Modern Direct Wireless Services for Your Communications

With Australia And Overseas

DIRECT WIRELESS SERVICES are available for inter-communication between the Islands of the Pacific and for traffic between the Islands and Australia and overseas countries.

Services are now in operation between Papua and Sydney, New Guinea and Sydney, New Caledonia and Sydney, and Fiji and Sydney. Speedy, economical and efficient service to Australia and overseas. Route your traffic "Via the Wireless Service."

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Islands Produce Coffee THE following quotations' were obtained in Sydney during December: Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment, Sydney Quote No. 1: 27/- per cwt. ; quote No. 2: 20/- per cwt, Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.: —No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”, 60/-; grade “B”. 58/-; grade “C”, 66/. No. 2 quotations: Grade “A”, 59/-; grade “B”, 49/-; grade “C”, 48/-; Triage. 47/-. No. 3 quotations: Grade“B”, 48/-; grade “C”. 42/-.

Mysore, f.a.q., prompt shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.: No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”, 74/-; grade “B’', 72/-. No. 2 quotations: Grade “B”, 52/- ; Triage, 44/-.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah. f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney—No. 1 quotation; 60/per> cwt. No. 2 quotation: 59/6 per cwt.

Note; Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges: Exchange, duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.Lf. official prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid- December were: —Average Java per lb., and Jflpara, 7 7-16 d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: Cocoa beans, £36-£3B per ton.

Quote No. 2: New Guinea cocoa, £36 per ton.

Quote No. 3: Accra, good fermented, £2B/10/per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Coffon During the month. London, c.i.f., cotton prices were; November 26, 4.51 d. lb. December shipment; December 3,4.52 d. lb.. January shipment: December 10, 4.56 d. lb., January shipment.

Ivory Nufs No. 1 quotation: £lO (nominal) per ton, f.0.b., Sydney. .No, 2 quotation; £lO r-ei* am, f.0.b., Sydney.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, good quality, was quoted by Sydney buyers in mid-December at £55 per ton.

Rice Rangoon rice, pecked in 1001 b. or 2001 b. bags, £l3/10/- per ton f.o.b. Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 561 b. bags, £lB per ton.

Trochus Shell Quotations for trochus shell obtained in Sydney from two different sources were; (a) Trochus shell. No. 1 grade £9O Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £BO Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £7O (b) Trochus shell. No. 1 grade £9o^ * Trochus shell. No. 2 grade £794 Trochus shell, No, 3 grade £704 All quotes are f.Q.b., and on the Australian £.

Exchange Rates THE following exchange quotations, gathered in Sydney, show the rates existing in December: FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £100 Fiji: Buying fAlll/2/6, selling £A113.

Fiji-London on basis £100 London:

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

Bank Of New South Wales

in Australia NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia. Pt. Moresby £1 per cent. ; on Rabaul 10/- per cent. —Other New Guinea districts £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia on London:— Buying; T.T. £A125 equals fstg. 100.

Selling: T.T, £A125/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia, on Papua, £1 per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of £1 per cent.: Australia, on Rabaul, 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London: Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

New Caledonia— Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney. are on the basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less 1$ per cent, (approx.) either way.

As quoted by the Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris, in Sydney, and the Banque de ITndochine, Noumea: On December 18, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 117.62 francs, £lOO Australian would purchase a draft in Noumea of 11,565 francs.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basla £lOO Samoa —buying £AIOO, selling £AIOO/l#/-.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £lOO In 77 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Copra South Sea, Plantation, Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried.

London to London Rabaul Price on— Per ton, c.i.f.

Per ton , c.i.f.

January 1, 1032 _ £14 0 0 £14 16 0 March 25 £14 17 6 £15 0 0 June 17 _ £13 2 6 £13 6 0 September 2 ... £13 17 6 £14 0 o December 16 £14 2 6 £14 6 0 January 6, 1933 £13 0 0 £13 12 6 March 3 £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 £0 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 £3 12 6 £9 0 9 January 5, 193 I £8 0 0 £8 7 6 March 30 £7 7 6 £8 0 9 April 27 __ __ £7 7 6 £8 0 0 June 15 £8 0 0 £8 12 « July 6 £7 17 6 £8 15 0 Autrust 3 £8 0 0 £8 17 6 September 7 £7 12 6 £8 16 0 October 6 £8 0 0 £9 0 0 November 2 £7 15 0 £8 16 9 December 28 £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 £9 6 0 £10 6 9 February 1 £11 12 6 £12 2 6 March 1 £12 2 6 £12 15 0 April 5 — £10 15 0 £11 16 0 May 3 £11 17 6 £12 12 6 June 7 . £11 15 0 £12 7 6 July 5 £9 12 0 £10 5 0 August 2 __ ... £9 15 0 £10 16 0 September 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 • October 4 _ £11 7 6 £12 7 6 November 1 £12 17 6 £14 0 0 December 6 -- £12 17 6 £14 0 0 South Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-Dried Hot-air Dried London and Marseilles. to London.

Rabaul.

Price on- - Per ton.c.i.f.

Per ton, c.l.f.

Per ton.c.i.f.

Jan. 3, ’36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £16 0 0 Feb. 7 — £13 0 0 £14 0 0 £16 0 0 Mar. 6 ._ £11 16 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 April 3 — £12 7 6 £13 5 0 £13 17 G May 1 £11 10 0 £11 15 0 £12 10 0 June 5 „„ £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 6 July 3 — £12 0 0 £12 10 0 £13 10 0 Aug. 7 £12 17 6 £13 7 6 £14 7 • Sept. 4 £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 « Oct. 2 ..... £13 7 6 £13 10 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 6 _ £15 10 0 £15 2 6 £16 K 0 Dec. 4 — £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8. ’37 £22 12 € £22 12 « £23 12 • Jan. 29 ...... £19 15 0 £19 15 0 £20 10 e Feb. 5 £19 0 0 £19 0 0 £19 IB 0 Feb. 26 __ £18 15 0 £19 0 0 £19 16 0 Mar. 5 __ £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 Mar. 26 £19 5 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 u Apr. 2 .... £19 0 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 0 Apr. 30 .... £16 0 0 £16 15 0 £17 15 0 May 7 £16 0 0 £16 12 6 £17 12 6 May 21 £14 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 May 28 .... £15 12 6 £15 15 0 £16 15 0 June 4 £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 June 18 _... £15 2 6 £15 7 6 £16 5 0 June 25 ...... £14 10 0 £14 15 0 £15 12 6 July 2 £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 15 0 July 9 ..... £15 5 0 £15 5 0 £16 5 0 July 16 ... £15 5 0 £15 5 0 £16 2 6 July 23 ..... £15 12 6 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 July 30 __ £15 2 6 £15 2 6 £16 0 0 Aug. 6 _ £15 2 6 £15 2 6 £15 17 6 Aug. 13 £15 0 0 £15 2 6 £15 17 6 Aug. 20 ._ £14 10 0 £14 12 6 £15 7 6 Aug. 27 — £14 0 0 £14 0 0 £14 15 0 Sept, 3 £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Sept. 10 ... £13 12 6 £13 15 0 £14 10 0 Sept. 17 .... £13 12 6 £13 15 0 £14 12 6 Sept. 24 — £14 2 6 £14 5 0 £15 0 0 Oct. 1 ... £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 12 6 Oct. 8 — £14 6 0 £14 5 0 £15 0 0 Oct. 15 ..... £14 10 0 £14 10 0 £15 7 6 Oct. 22 £13 15 0 £13 15 0 £14 10 0 Oct. 29 ..... £13 15 0 £13 15 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 5 .... £13 10 0 £13 10 0 £14 5 0 Nov. 12 ... £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 5 0 Nov. 19 .... £13 2 6 £13 2 6 £13 17 6 Nov. 26 ..._ £12 7 6 £12 7 6 £13 2 6 Dec. 3 ...... £12 10 0 £12 12 6 £13 7 6 Dec. 10 £12 17 6 £13 0 0 £13 17 6 Rubber Plantation London Para Smoked Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6 . 1985 _ 4 Jd. 2.48d.

July 7 — B|d. 3.71d.

December 8 .... 4|d. 4.0|d.

January 5. 1934 — 4id. 4.28d.

July 6 .... 6*d. 7.06d.

December 28 .... .. _ Bd. •id.

January 4 , 1935 .. — 5d, <fd.

July 5 ... „ - . 6d. 7fd.

December 6 - ... — 6Jd. __ «w.

January 3, 1936 , — 6jd. 6id.

June 5 ... _ __ 9d. 7id.

December 4 _ ■ - — V- 9 1/lfd.

January 8, 1937 — 1/2 10id.

February 5 — 1/2 ioid.

March 5 4 .... __ Hid. „ 11 l/32d April 2 .... 1/l/l 15/16 May 7 ... iiid. 103d.

June 4 __ lid. 9 B-8d.

July 2 .. lOd. 9 H-16d.

Aug. 6 . 9id. .. 9 l-16d.

Sept. 3 .. ... „... 9Jd. .. 9 l-16d.

Oct. 1 ..... 9Jd. ... 8 9/16d.

Oct. 8 ... ... ..... 9id. .. 8d.

Oct. 15 * .... 9d. ...... 7 15/16d.

Oct. 22 ... ... 8id. 7 H/16d.

Oct. 29 «... «... ... 8id. 7id.

Nov. 5 .... 8d. 7}d.

Nov. 12 .... 7|d. ««« 7fd.

Nov. 19 ... . ... 7*d. ... . 6 15/16d.

Nov. 26 ... 7id. ««« 7id.

Dec. 3 _ ... 7id. 7id.

Dec. 10 «„„ ... 7 Jd. 7id.

For SAFETY and CONVENIENCE • Wherever you may go within Australia or abroad, you will appreciate the safety and convenience of Bank of New South Wales Travellers’

Cheques.

These cheques being readily convertible into money, even after hanking hours, at any place you may visit, relieve you of the necessity of carrying large sums in cash.

Bank of New South Wales Travellers’ Cheques are honoured throughout the world. They are cashed by hanks, and the principal shipping and railway companies, hotels, stores, tourist offices, etc., everywhere. a///<> o.

OlUlLs

Travellers Cheques

Obtainable through any branc h of the Bank. - 27 2 A ,1937

More Water For T.I. ?

From Our Own Correspondent THURSDAY IS.. Dec. 7.

MR. C. OGILVIE, an engineer attached iTA to' the Department of Irrigation and Water Supply, Queensland, is investigating the possibilities of increased water storage. During the wet season millions of gallons run into the harbour, while usually in November and December there is a serious fresh water shortage.

Another reservoir or a god-sized dam would make al the difference to Thursday Island.

Scientists For The Sepik

\ MAN of considerable note, Mr. Cornelius Crane, was a visitor to Sydney in November. He is a wealthy man, who personally is financing an expedition which is being sent to the Sepik District of New Guinea by the Philadelphia Museum of Science and by Harvard University, to gather specimens and to study primitive life in that country. Mr. Crane was with an expedition which went up the Sepik River in 1929. On this occasion, the expedition is taking soundrecording apparatus into the primitive country and some valuable records, thereby, are likely to be made.

Mrs. Gladys Baker, owner of the wellknown Witu Plantation in New Guinea, left Sydney for Rabaul by the Montoro on December 8, after a visit abroad.

Market Quotations Range of Prices 1 1 *nE Pacific Islands Monthly makes a close check of the prices quoted for Islands produce; and we regularly publish the range of prices during each month , including the last available quotation before going to press. 78 Pacific Island* s Monthly, December 21. 1937

Subject to alteration without Notice M.V. Neptuna.

Melbourne Feb 14 Apr 20 June 27 Sydney ...Feb 16-17 Apr 22-27 Jn.29-Jy.2 Salamaua Feb 26 May 4 July 9 Rabaul Feb 28 May 6 July 11 Cebu ( opt.) ...

Mar 7 May 13 July 18 Manila ..Mar 10 May 16 July 21 Hong Kong ..Mar 12-16 May 18-22 July 23-27 Saigon ...Mar 22 May 28 Aug 2 Madang ...Apr 2 June 8 Aug 13 Salamaua ...Apr 5 June 11 Aug 16 Rabaul ...Apr 8 June 14 Aug 19 Sydney ..Apr 15-16 June 21 Aug 26-27 Melbourne ...Apr 18 June 24 Aug 29 BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice M.V. Brisbane Mara Kobe Dec 22 Dunedin Jan 21-22 M°ji. Dec 23-24 Wellington Jan 23-25 Rabaul Jan 2-3 Auckland Jan 27-29 Noumea Jan 8-10 Hong Kong ...Feb 14-15 Auckland Jan 13-15 Shanghai Feb 19 Wellington Jan 17-19 Moji Feb 21 Lyttelton Jan 20 Kobe „• Feb 22-26

Osaka Shosen Kaisha Line

Subject to alteration without notice.

Eridan Papeete Jan 1-2 Noumea Jan 14-22 Raiatea Jan 3 Vila nTfl ti 25 Suva Jan 10 Raiatea Feb 1 Vila Jan 12 Paneefp Feb 2-3 messaceries MARITIMES CO. , Agents.

Subject i to alteration without notice.

M.V.

Malaita Sydney ...Dec 24 Lingatu 1 Brisbane Dec 27 West Bay }■ Jan 9 Townsville ...Dec 30 Somata J Cairns ..Dec 31 Gizo Jan 10 Tulagi 1 Faisi Jan 11 Makambo }• Jan 4-5 Kieta Jan 11 Cavutu ) Arigua L Su'u L Numa Numa f Jan 12 Comma f Jan 6 Teopasino Jan 13 Mamara 1 Rabaul Jan 14-15 Tasavarong \ Jan 7 Soraken Jan 16-17 Aruligo I Kieta Jan 18 Lavaro J Faisi Jan 19 Mamara 1 Gizo I Tasavarong } Tetipari f Jan 19 Aruligo J Russell Is.

Jan 20-21 Meringe I Gavutu I Hivo r Makambo f Jan 22 Yandina i Brisbane Jan 27 Banika i Sydney Jan 29 Ufa Jan 8 Faiami 1 Younger i Pepesala j BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without M.V, Macdhui notice.

Sydney Dec 22 Boram [ Jan 6-7 Brisbane Dec 24 Wewak r Townsville — Madang 8 Cairns Finschafen J an 9 Ft. Moresby Dec 28 Salamaua Jan 9 Samarai Dec 29 Kavieng Jan 11 Woodlark Is. — Pondo 12 Rabaul D.81-J.1 Rabaul Jan 13 Kavieng — Salamaua Jan 14 Lindenhafen Jan 2 Samarai 16 Salamaua I Jan 3-4 Pt. Moresby ...Jan 17-18 Lae f Cairns Madang I Jan 5 Brisbane Jan 22 Alexishafen r Sydney 24 BURNS, , PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Matua Auckland Jan 4 Feb 1 Mar 1 Cook Is. ... J an 8 Feb 5 Mar 5 Nukualofa ..Jan 12-13 Feb 9-10 Mar 9-10 Apia Jan 14-15 Feb 11-12 Mar 11-12 Suva ..Jan 19-20 Feb 16-17 Mar 16-17 Auckland Jan 24 Feb 21 Mar 21 Wellington ..Jan 26-29 Feb 23-26 Mar 23-26 Auckland .Jan 31 Feb 28 Mar 28 Subject to alteration without notice.

Hong Kong ...

Nankin Nellore Tanda ...Jan 1 Jan 29 Mar 5 Manila ...Jan 4 Feb 1 Mar 8 Mar 16 Mar 22 Rabaul Feb 9 Feb 15 Brisbane ...Jan 18 Sydney .. Jan 20 Feb 17 Mar 24 Melbourne J.24-F.2 F.21-M.2 M.28-A.2 Apr 4 Apr 7 Hobart ...Feb 4 Mar 4 Mar 7 Newcastle ...Feb 7 Sydney, dep. ... ..Feb 12 Mar 12 Apr 13 Brisbane Townsville ...Feb 14 ...Feb 17 Mar 14 Mar 1 7 Apr 16 Apr 19 Rabaul ...Feb 22 Mar 22 Apr 24 Manila ..Mar 2 Mar 30 May 2 Hong Kong .Mar 5 Apr 2 May 5 E. & A. STEAMSHIP CO. LTD Agents.

FOR SALE

51 Ft. Auxiliary Ketch

" MIRO II "

Fitted with Deutz 40/44 H.P. 3 Cylinder vertical, airless injection, Marine Engine.

Tonnage : 27.26 Gross. 14.42 Registered.

Apply . . .

BURNS PHILP (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

MAKAMBO.

Particulars may be obtained in Sydney ■from . . .

Garland Seaborn & Abbott

Solicitors 9-13 BLIGH STREET, SYDNEY IttfMiiliifimiN LICENSEE: - E.J. MORROW Cosmopolitan SAMARAI Rotel First-class Accommodation f©r Tourists and Travellers Ballroom; Electric Light; Billiards: Freezing - works ; Cold Store. Best brands of Wines, Spirits, Ales.

Moderate Tariff

Fishing Trips and Launch Excursions arranged

Vvnckt To Stay In Port Moresby

The PAPUA f ffoiE L HOTEL Licensee: Papua Hofei. Lfd.

First-class Accommodation. Parties Arranged.

Catering specially for Tourists and Travellers.

Situated on high ground overlooking both coasts, its Spacious Lounges are always Cool and Com fortable. Tariff: p er day, 16/-; per week, £5/5/-; per month, £l4; bed and breakfast. 10/-; bedroom only, 7/6.

Cars meet all Steamers.

COMFORTABLE ACCOMMODATION

Only The Best

BRANDS OF

Wines, Spirits

AND BEERS IN STOCK LICENSEE: Hotel Moresby Ltd.

ORESB Y NEAR THE WHARF ii> 4 MA m&L Shipping Services in the Pacific Hong Kong - N. Guinea - Sydney Japan - N. Guinea - Noumea - New Zealand Sydney - Noumea - Tahiti Mails and passengers from Sydney for Tahiti may connect with Messageries Maritimes liners at Noumea, per Pierre Loti (see Sydney-Noumea- New Hebrides service). The M.M. liners run between Marseilles and Noumea, via Panama Canal.

Sydney - Rabaul - Hong Konq Solomon Islands-N.G. Service Sydney - Papua - New Guinea Central Pacific Services The cargo steamer Hauraki (7,113 tons) will depart from Sydney on January 5 (approx.) for Suva, Lautoka, Apia, Papeete, and N. American ports. She will carry a limited number of passengers, in addition to mails and general cargo. The Wairuna (5.832 tons) is scheduled to follow to Fiji and French Oceania late in February.

UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agent.. 79 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 2 1, 1937

M.V.

Nusa Samarai 3 Mambare Jan 7 Puni Puni 3 Buna ,._.Jan 8 Baniara ...Jan 8 Cape Nelson ...Jan 9 Cape Nelson .

Jan 4 Baniara Jan 10 Buna ...Jan 5 Puni Puni . 11 Mambare ...Jan 6 Samarai Jan 12 Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Rabaul London Feb 23 Suva Apr 23* Galveston Mar 15 * Then to United Kingdom, via N.Z., Sydney, and New Guinea.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Aorangi Niagara Aorangi Honolulu Dec 29 Jan 26 Feb 23 Suva Jan 7 Feb 4 Mar 4 Auckland Jan 10-11 Feb 7-8 Mar 7-8 Sydney Jan 15 Feb 12 Mar 12 Sydney, dep Jan 20 Feb 17 Mar 17 Auckland Jan 24-25 Feb 21-22 Mar 21-22 Suva Jan 28 Feb 25 Mar 25 Honolulu Feb 4 Mar 4 Apr 1 UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without Notice Monterey Mariposa Monterey Honolulu Jan 10 Feb 7 Mar 7 Pago Pago Jan 15 Feb 12 Mar 12 Suva Jan IS Feb 15 Mar 15 Auckland Jan 21 Feb 18 Mar 18 Sydney Jan 24 Feb 21 Mar 21 Melbourne Jan 28-31 Feb 25-28 Mar 25-28 Sydney Feb 4 Mar 4 Apr 1 Auckland _Feb 7 Mar 7- Apr 4 Suva Feb 10 Mar 10 Apr 7 Pago Pago Feb 11 Mar 11 Apr 8 Honolulu .Feb 16 Mar 16 Apr 13

Oceanic Steamship

CO., MATSON LINE.

Subject to alteration without notice Maet- Swarten- Maetsuycker hondt suycker Saigon 8 — Mar 13 Singapore Jan 10-11 Feb 16 Mar 15-16 Batavia 13-15 Feb 17-19 Mar 18-20 Samarang ...Jan 16 Feb 20 Mar 21 Sourabaya ...Jan 17 Feb 21-22 Mar 22 Pt. Moresby _ Jan 24-25 Mar 2 Mar 29 Samarai Jan 26 — Mar 30 Rabaul ...Jan 28 — Apr 1 Vila ..Feb 1 — Apr 5 Noumea ...Feb 2-5 — Apr 6-8 Auckland ...Feb 8-9 Mar 10-12 Apr 11-12 Wellington ....Feb 11-12 Mar 14-15 Apr 14-16 Sydney ...Feb 16-18 Mar 21-23 Apr 20-22 Pt. Moresby .

Feb 23 Mar 30 Apr 2 7 Sourabaya ...Mar 2 Apr 7 May 4 Samarang ...Mar 3 Apr 9 May 5 Batavia ...Mar 4-7 Apr 10-13 May 6-9 Singapore ...Mar 9 Apr 15 May 11 Saigon ...Mar 11 — May 13

Royat, Packet Navigation

CO. I TO.

S.S. Mor?ndr> Sydney Dec 22 Hog Har. ..

Jan 2 Lord Howe .Dec 24 Lord Howe .1 an 3 Norfolk Is ..Dec 27 Vila 6 Vila ..Dec 30-31 Norfolk Is.

Jan 8 Bushman’s B. ...Jan 1 Sydney Jan 11 Malo Tangoa Jan 1 Segond $ BURNS.

PH1LP & CO. LTD., Agents.

M.V.

Maui Pom are Wellington .Tan 25 T'eb 22 Mar 22 Ania Feb 1-3 w«r 1-3 Mar 29-31 Nine ...Feb 5 Mar 5 Anr o Lvttelton Feb 14 Mar 14 A nr 11 Wellington Feb 15 Mar 15 Apr 12 KIDNEY STRAIN Every Picture Throbbing BACKACHE and sharp twinges when you stoop warn you of kidney strain. So do rheumatic twinges, urinary disorders, disturbed nights and dizzy attacks. Relieve these troubles at their source by taking Doan’s Backache Kidney Pills. For forty years this special kidney medicine has been overcoming rheumatism, lumbago, sciatica and bladder weakness.

Backache Cured

Mr. Lewis Williams, 614 Botany Rd., Botany, Sydney, says: “I was a great sufferer with my back and the pain was at times so bad that I had to leave my work and go home. I used various preparations but only got slight relief. Reading of cures effected by Doan’s Backache Kidney Pills I decided to try them. One bottle eased the pain and the second completed the cure.”

Be sure to insist upon Doan’s Backache Kidney Pills

It Attracts They Eat It They Die

IUSOLINE \ r I R r r r, r h NEVER KNOWN TO FAIL!

COCKROACH DESTROYER

It'S A Paste!

Ausoline Co

314 CROWN STREET, SYDNEY (Established 1919) PRICES: Mb. 5/- . . . 3lbs. 10/- Postage Extra.

Remit Cash with Order.

Obtainable also from Islands stores of; BURNS, PHILP & Co. Ltd.

W. R. CARPENTER & Co. Ltd.

Papuan Inter-Island Services M.V. Matoma (Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd.) makes round trips on a regular schedule from Samarai to Misima Island, via the Conflict Group.

M.V. Nusa (Steamships Trading Co., Ltd.) holds the Papuan Government’s contract for carrying mails and passengers on the north-east coast of Papua. The Nusa connects with all Southern mail steamers at Samarai.

S.S. Papuan Chief (Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.) makes regular round trips from Port Moresby to Samarai via Kapa Kapa, Abau, and Baibara, returns by same route; then Port Moresby to Ham via Hisiu, Yule Is., Kukipi, Orokolo, Kikori and back via Orokolo, Yule Island, and Hisiu—full trip occupying about one month.

Europe - Sydney - Suva - New Guinea Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Hawaii Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Samoa Hawaii Saigon - Java - South Seas - N.Z. Service N.G. Goldfields' Services Aeroplanes conducted by Guinea Airways Ltd., Mandated Airlines Ltd. (late Carpenter Airways) and other companies, leave Salamaua and Lae, the New Guinea mainland ports, two and three times daily for Wau and other centres on the Morohe goldfield. The aerial services are the only means of communication.

Sydney - Norfolk Island - New Hebrides No Zealand - Samoa - Niue The New Zealand Government’s steamer Maul Pomare H 159 tons) is the only direct connection hetwen N.Z.. the Mandated Territory of Western Samoa and Niue Island. The vessel. which carries mails, passengers, and cargo, is controlled hy the Department of External Affairs at Wellington, where application should he made concerning freights, berths, etc.

N.G. Inter-Island Services 5.5. Maiwara and M.V. Mu’ianrm (Bums. PMlp & Co.) make regular round trips from Rabaul to New Ireland and Bougainville ports. 5.5. Coomber. M.V. Desikoko. M.V. Duranbah (W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd.) make sailings from Rabaul every two or three weeks to various ports in the Territory.

S.S. Island Trader

5.5. Island Trader (Inter-Island Shipping Co.

Pty. Ltd.) connects at Rabaul with S.S. Friderun and then makes the following trips:— NORTHERN RUN— Rambutyo, Pak, Inrim.

Pitelu, Papitalei, Salesia, Salami, Lorengau, Noru, Tumleo, Boikin, Kairiru. Wewak, Boram, Sepik Mouth, Awar. Bogia, Kulili, Kurun, Alexishafen, Nagada. Madang, Finschhafen, Salamaua, Bali, Garua, Toriu, Stockholm, Manuan.

SOUTHERN RUN—Matala, Put Put. Sum Sum.

Kekere, Iwi, Aropa, Toboroi, Kieta, Arawa, Numa, ’ Bonis, Buka Passage, Samo, Mageh, Lihir, Kavieng, Patlangat. Rangarere, Notre Mai, Langinoa, Asalingi. Neu Kauern. Manuan.

Agents: Colter, Watson & Co., Rabaul

80 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

Subject to alteration v/ithout notice.

Pierre Loti dney Jan 13 Haiphong ’ —Feb I 1 -14 >umea Jan 17 Luganville Mar 1 la _Jan 20-21 Le Dart Mar 2 ganville Jan 22 Vila Mar 3 i Dart Jan 23 Noumea Mar 4-6 igon _...Feb 6-8 Sydney -Mar 10 MESSAGER1ES MARITIMES CO.

Agents.

Pacific Islands Stamps Sent on approval on receipt of reference.

Send for free lists and specimen copy, "Australian Stamp Journal."

Collections and Loose Lots Bought J. H. SMYTH LTD.

114 Castlereagh Street, Sydney

Model 4Bl 2—with 6 cells, £RA O Q 155 A.H. capacny - - Model 4B3—with 16 cells, ] g Q 75 A.H. capacity - - In Bond Sydney Newer and Bigger

Delco -Light

Plants of the Same High Standard For the medium sized bungalow requiring from 10 to 12 lights the 400 watt range of Delco-Light plants is ideal. Two voltages are available and in each case the dynamo will supply sixteen 25 watt lamps. The battery recommended with the 4812 will supply seven for 10 hours, and the standard battery with the 483, nine for 10 hours.

SPECIFICATIONS : ENGlNE—single cylinder four cycle, L head, air-cooled by forced draught. Runs for approx. 10 hours on I gallon of fuel.

DYNAMO: Capacity 400 watts, voltage (4BI2) 12 volts. (483) 32 volts. self cranking from battery through manual starting switch.

Write Now To Desk Pi For Full Particulars

Distributors : WARBURTON. FRANK), LTD. 307 -15 KENT STREET, SYDNEY Melbourne Brisbane Sydney - Noumea - New Hebrides - Indochina Gilbert and Ellice islands Service VI.V. Ra.um (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. i.) and M.V. John Bolton (W.R. Carpenter i Co.) operate from Tarawa (Gilbert Islands), i connect regularly with all islands in the bert and Ellice Groups. /au - Port Moresby Service regular aeroplane service is now maintained Guinea Airways Ltd., allowing passengers to 1 from the New Guinea goldfields to connect ;h the steamers at Port Moresby, Papua. Details m the pursers of the Burns, Philp steamers.

Fiji Inter-Island Services 5.5. Malake, 736 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Ltd.), under contract with Fiji Government, fular four weekly itinerary comprises: Two >s Buca Bay, returning by same route to Suva — 3 occupying 8 days. Two trips each Suva to itoka. returning to Suva direct or via Elling- —trip occupying 3 or 4 days.

I.V. Yanawai (Burns Philp (South Seas) Co. 1.) makes regular trips from Suva to Labasa, Levuka and Macuata ports, then returns to a.

'.S. Adi Rewa (MorriS, Hedstrom Ltd) makes >s from Suva to Levuka and Labasa via Macuata ts —trip occupies 8 days. Leaves Suva and ceeds to Levuka, Nabouwalu, Lekutu, Dreketi, iuri. and Labasa. Returns to Suva by sama te. On alternative trips she returns from Labasa via Naduri, Nakaloa, Dreketi, Naiserewaqa, Lekutu, Galoa, Nabouwalu, and Levuka. The latter round trip from Suva occupies about 10 days.

M.S. Tui Kauvaro (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva to Levuka, calling at Lautoka and Ellington. Voyage takes 4 days.

M.V. Tui Cakau (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva and makes regular inter-island trips throughout the Colony.

Hong Kong - New Guinea - Solomon Islands S.S. Friderun (cabin, third-class and deck passengers) runs from Hong Kong to New Guinea and Solomon Islands ports, connecting at Rabaul (N.G.) with S.S. Island Trader (formerly S.S.

Bremerhaven). In the Solomons she calls at Tulagi, Here, Bina, Fulakora, and Nono.

Gilchrist, Watt & Sanderson, Agents

Search For Oil Goes On In New Guinea nPHE concessions granted to Oil Search * Ltd., over 20,000 square miles in New Guinea and 12,000 square miles in Papua, have been renewed for 12 months.

There is a probability that the company will affiliate with important overseas interests.

The registered capital of Papua Oil Developments Ltd. (which is the name under which Shell interests are actively carrying on the search in Papua) has been increased from £150,000 to £200,000.

Dr. C. W. Creek, the Co.’s chief geologist, after an extensive tour in Western Papua, has arrived in Sydney.

The A.S. Milga left Sydney on Dccember 16 for Daru and the Fly River, Western Papua. The vessel has been • purchased by P.O.D. for carrying- survey and research parties on Papuan rivers in their search for oil. She was built in 1928 as the pleasure yacht White Swan, and for the present undertaking has been adapted for river use and fitted with awnings.

The Milga is in command of Captain Stanton, of the Shell Co., and carries a crew of five. Captain Stanton served during the war as an engineer in the Royal Navy. He was chief officer of the Discovery in Sir Douglas Mawson’s Antarctic expedition of 1930. Later, he commanded the Melanesian Mission ship Southern Cross and a number of Islands trading vessels.

Mr. W. H. Gallagher, chief geologist of Island Exploration Pty. Co. (Vacuum Oil Co. interests), accompanied by Mr.

J. Muir, senior resident geologist, within recent weeks has made an extensive survey of the Co.’s large concession in Western Papua. They left Pt. Moresby early in December by ’plane for New Guinea, where the company also has prospecting areas. 81 acific Islands. Monthly, December 21, 1937

Norddeutscher Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong New Guinea British Solomon Islands Service

Regular Sailings By

S.S. " FRIDERUN "

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets Issued to all parts of the world. *** For further particulars apply to MELCHERS & CO., General Agents, P. 0.8., 423, Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO.. N.D.L. Agents, Rabaul, New Guinea.

GILCHRIST. WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney.

Whiteman (2). Mesdames Bergin, Cahill, Cheney, Earl, Godson, Farmer, Foley, Fenn, Lyons, Mc- Grath, Moffat, Osborne, Smith, Spollen, Thornthwaite, Taylor, Whiteman, Young. Misses Bischoff, Beer (2), Bradshaw, Bock, Champion, Clarke, Chester, Cooper, Chadderton, Corkin, Cahill, Driver, Darvall, Faulkner, Huxtable, Haynes, Gibbons, Judd, James, Lyons, Love, Loudon, Lumley, Maxwell, McKenna, Matthews, O’Connor, Sefton (2), Salas, Stehr (3), Sinclaire (2), Stevens, Tomkins, Treharne, Voysey (2), Ward, Yore.

Passengers Per Morinda Which

Sailed From Sydney For Lord Howe

IS., AND NORFOLK IS. ON DECEMBER II: Messrs. Jones, Hunter, Owens, Campbell, Troughton, Bailey, Fowles (2), McGrath, Sutherland, Le Gay Brereton (2), Smith, Pulford, Millard, Land, Hennessey, Downs, St. Clairstronge, Jones, Hassall. Mesdames Greenwood, Jones, Rush, Bailey, Fowle, Levitus, Sutherland, Darko, Saville.

Misses Greenwood, Morgan-Jones, Jones (2), Fry, Rush, Atkins, Wynn, Kilminster, Martin, Allan, Brown, Bailey, Hayward, Uren, Fenton, Hines, Trantem.

PASSENGERS PER NEPTUNA WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From N.G. Ports On

DECEMBER 12: Messrs. Wolfe, Hoggard, Kilminster, Honegger, Dickson, Woodman, Thomson, Pryke, Kyte, MacKreth, Johnson, Lucas, Yeomans, Carpenter, Jaeger, Pearce, McLean, Dr.

Hosking, Rev. Heskes, Judge Wanliss. Mesdames Schilling, Woodman, Taylor, Adelskold, Thompson, Koch, Benzeley, Beck, Grigg, Carpenter, Greenwood, Duncan, Watch, Ewens, Hosking. Misses Newmans and Iredale.

Passengers Per Neptuna Which

Sailed From Sydney For N.G. Ports On

DECEMBER 15: Messrs. Powell, Giblin (2), Walker, Briggs, Vasey, Ryan, Moon, McDonald, Williamson, Gee, McNicoll, Zurwerra, Smith, Atkinson, Robertson, Quinn, Slattesley, Ansell, Rowe, Thomas, Bridges, Prait, Harvey, Roberts, Gilbert, Bruce, Sullivan (2), Mowlde, Baxter, Coote, Cannon, Williams, Delangre, Dawson, Coates, Black, Colvill, Johnson, Ailwood, Hopkins, Gray, Wiander, Lucas, Patrick, White, O’Haiher. Masters Balfour (2), Coote, Swanson.

Mesdames Powell, Balfour, Walker, Baker, Macgregor, Quinn, Ansell, Giblin, Roberts, White, Cannon, Rowe, Hopkins. Misses Larkin, Dow, Boldie, Rowe, Sedgers (2).

PASSENGERS PER MACDHUI WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From N.G. And Papua

ON DECEMBER 15: Messrs. Bannigan, Batchelor, Barnes, Britton, Byrne, Carlson, Carver, Chadderton, Chatterton, Chenoweth, Chinnery, Chisholm, Creek, Davis, Downs, Eve, Ferguson, Florance, Francis, Gluyas, Cray, Gurr, Hadley, Hay (2), Hoffman, Hurley, Hyde, James, Kenward, Keys, Lovegreen, Loy, Lussick, Maclean, Mackey, Mader, Marr, Scott-Marshall, Mason, Middleton, Monaghan, Mollison, Moore, Morris, Munro, Nisbet, Nixon, Noble, Ollerenshaw, Parer, Parry, Powell, Provis, Reed, Rich, Robbins, Rundle, Sanderson, Scannell, Schmidt, Searle, Selwood, Sheringham, Warner-Shand, Skerman, Shield, Smith, Spencer, Sprenger, Stevensoi (2), Stoke.?, Stuart. Sumpton, Thompson, Toohill, Townsend, Tribolet, Turner, Venning, Vervoe, Wallace, Wells (2), Windeyer, Zandrinp. Mesdames Booth, Bousche, Carlson, Chadderton, Chatterton, Chenoweth, Collopy, Davis, Dette, Feldt, Francis, Gluyas, Gray, Gurr, Harris, Hyde, Kuter, Lovegreen, Russick, Mac- Reece, Rich, Rossi, Rudd, Rundle, Scannell, lean, Macgregor, Middleton, Nixon, Ollerenshaw, Schmidt, Searle, Selwood, Sherington, Smith, Venning, Wallace. Misses Aplin, Bennett, Craig (2), Macgregor, Morrison, Smith (2).

Papeete'S Social

CENTRE The Early Morning Market THE Papeete market is one of the sights of Tahiti —particularly on a Sunday morning when the womenfolk (and often the menfolk as well) of every household are gathered to collect the comestibles for the ample mid-day dinner.

There is a wealth of colour —the variegated hues of fish from the coral sea; the China red of tomato; the yellows of banana afid papaia; the vermilion of mountain plantain; the gold of the orange; the mauve of taro; and the restless, everchanging diversified colouring of feminine costume.

Once, the Papeete market was more picturesque than it is now. The building was but half its present size and in the square were shade trees and a fountain.

At night, this square was the lively centre where gathered the just and the unjust of the little city—the unjust to dance in the Islands manner, and to sin£ ribald Tahitian ute; the just to look, listen and applaud.

Sometimes, to be sure, there would be a brawl or two —when there was v a little too much good cheer —with a bit of hair pulling and the exchange of Tahitian invective. But, usually, there was only singing and dancing and laughter. It was an interesting, exotic scene for the stranger and a never-ending delight for the natives themselves.

Then, one day, Progress descended on Papeete, and all of that sort of thing was abolished.

Progress took the form of electric lights and telephones. Trees interfered with transmission wires and had to come down —not only in the market-place, but all over the town. Papeete, formerly a bower of noble trees and shady highways -—was in the way of becoming a second Djibouti—that treeless, blazing furnace of African Somaliland. About that tim the singers and dancers were expelledfirst to the steamer wharf, and, finall outside the town limits.

And now the market place at night as dark and gloomy and silent as a cave: far underground; its murky blackne intensified by the glimmer of light aboi its perimeter.

All of this has not, however, dimi ished the joyous charm of the ear morning market nor dulled the piquam of that commodity—second only in ii portance to the merchandise for the tab —the market gossip.

A ring of sleepless eyes and listenir ears surrounds Tahiti by night as w( as by day. What those eyes see ai ears hear is brought each morning f barter to the market-place. Each vend' (after the manner of all vendors) spic his wares with invention, and savou them with the salt of imagination; that some very extraordinary confectioi are compounded—which are, indeed, fee fully and wonderfully) made.

The distinctive character of the Papee market-place is its cleanliness. We ha read of visits by travellers to mark< places of many other lands under t' tropic sun; and they describe them rather noisome. The market of Papee —by virtue of ceaseless care and inspe tion by the authorities—is immaculate.

A.C.

Gymkhana At Rabaul

From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, Dec. 2 I3ABAUL residents turned out in fi force on Saturday last to see t gymkhana. There were some fine at letic contests, Mr. C. Slattery. be i% most prominent as a winner of the 1 yds, the hop, step, and jump, and t high jump events.

Results were: Baseball Relay Race: Administrate (Bates, Roberts, Eglinton and Hutchi son) 1; Commerce (Hawnt, Thwaiti Baillie and Chambers), 2. 75 Yards Championship: C. Bates, E. Hawnt, 2.

Gent’s Bending Race: J. Allen, 1; Antill, 2.

High Jump: C. Slattery (sft. 2im 1; S. Thwaites (sft, lin.), 2; B. Chall (sft.), 3.

Ladies Bending Race: Mrs. Allen, Mrs. Henry, 2.

Throwing Cricket Ball; “Nep” Bio (108 yards).

Ulta Pulta Race: K. Antill; own of last horse, G. Kent.

Fitted with luxury cabins, the Briti windjammer Westward will leave Er land early in 1938 on a 35,000 mil| cruise, described as “a voyage in t wake of Bligh’s Bounty The French sloop, Rigauli Genouilly, left Cockatoo Dock, Sydm on November 12, after an overhaul a: sailed on November 15 for Noumea, \ Brisbane. 82 Pacific Island's Monthly, December 21, 193 i Pacific Is. Travellers (CONTINUED FROM PAGE iii.) Published by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street. Sydney. (Telephone BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed in Australia by The Grason Press, 431 B Kent Street, Sydney.

„ --PP « • o .. -

What Aerial Transport Has Done For

NEW GUINEA... «9 ■ The above photograph shows how aerial transport is assisting in the establishment of a pastoral industry on the Morobe tableland in New Guinea. These dairy cows have just unloaded from one of Guinea Airways’ freight-carrying aeroplanes after being transported from the coast for a dairy farmer near Wau.

GUINEA AIRWAYS LTD. were established in 1927; and they have grown as the figures show until they are to-day the largest freight-carrying service in the world. 1927, when the development of the Morobe Goldfield commenced, the European population of the Territory has been trebled. The new industry has increased the Empire's gold production by nearly £2,000,000 per annum, and has added enormously to the trade turnover of New Guinea.

Only Aerial Transport makes this possibly. There is no road between the Goldfields and the coast.

Aeroplanes, running on Regular Schedules, without difficulty or delay, carry in Dredges, Crushing Mills, Cyaniding Plants, Motor Vehicles, Hydro-Electric Machinery, thousands of passengers, and every kind of goods needed by a large and growing European community.

GUINEA AIRWAYS LIMITED operate regular air services in New Guinea and Papua Aerodromes and Landing-grounds in the two Territories. they use over fifty n> W / / / M / T £ D~ r LAE S A L A Sf A U A HEAD OFFICE : AUSTRAL CHAMBERS.

CURRIE STREET.

ADELAIDE, S.A.

NEW GUINEA OFFICE: LAE,

Mandated Territory

OF NEW GUINEA. 7 BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU SALAMAUA PORT MORESBY AND SYDNEY •2 & -s* 3 Pacific Islands Monthly, December 21, 1937

'f v I FUSE UP sees SgQAIJXPO ttSENE VDN When two long thirsts equal one lons bottle!

"What’s yours?” ”R esch 5 PUsenet, M "So’s mine.”

When you ask for Pilsener insist on the long bottle.

RESCH'S PILSENER P [O 27 Pacific Islands Mon Ihl y , December 21, 1937