PACIFIC ISLAND) Monthly Vol. VII. No. 12 July 13. 1937 [Regis (JcreOT the G.P.0., Sydney, -for transmission by post as a newspaper .] 8 d LAGOON, ROAD,

And Palms A

typical Islands scene in Nauru, Central Pacific.

Photo: V. Hearnes.

PROGRESS!

New Air-Mail Service, Sydney-Rabaul.

New Aerial Transport Co. on N. Guinea goldfield.

New Line of Freighters, direct from Pacific to Europe. .V-- mm f The new 16 -passenger British Avro Aeroplane which recently entered the New Guinea services of Mandated Airlines Ltd.

Mandated Airlines

LTD.

Mandated airlines LTD. (established in New Guinea in 1934 as Carpenter Airways) now employ a fleet of Modern Aeroplanes (British - built, engined and manned) and carry a Large Proportion of the Freight and Passengers between the port of Salamaua and Ihe New Guinea goldfields centres.

SOME of the history of Australian Development In the South Seas may be seen In the Progress of the 100-Per- Cent-Australlan firm of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd. In addition to establishing Stores, Trading Stations and Plantations all over New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, and extending its Trading Activities to Fiji and the Gilbert and Ellice Colony, the firm has recently provided the following Public MADE a contract with the Australian Federal Government for a weekly Air-Mail Service between Sydney and Rabaul, to be carried on with the most modern British-built aeroplanes.

ESTABLISHED a Line of Modern Freighters W. H. C. LINE TWO Twin-screic motor-vessels. namely.

M.V. RABAUL (5600 tans) and M.Y.

SALAMAUA (6754 tons), carry on r Regular Freight and Passenger Servic \ between European and Australian Ports, with Scheduled Calls at Suva. Rabaul. and Salamaua (with "calls at other New Guinea ports as required), about every ten weeks.

Calls at Solomon Islands. Gilbert Islands, and Fiji ports made as required. A new Steamer. 9,500 tons, for this service, has ■been ordered.

There is comfortable accommodation for a UwAted number of saloon i)assengers on these Vessels, at special rates: but early application for Berths is recommended.

Details of Freight Rates, Passenger Fares, Timetables, etc., supplied on application at any of our Branches.

W. R. CAR which run regularly between Pacific Islands and European ports.

ORGANISED AND EQUIPPED an Aerial Transport Service for Mails, Freight and Passengers between Salamaua, Port Moresby and the New Guinea goldfields centres I | Utilities;— PROVIDED an Inter-Island Shipping Service in New Guinea, through the construction of three motor-vessels in Australia, by Australian workmen, and the purchase of the Australian coastal steamer "Coombar."

The Twin-screw Motorship “ Salamaua,” 6754 Tons

Renter & Co. Ltd

Merchants and Shipowners Agents tor Australian, European and American Manufacturers, and Distributors of Every Description of Merchandise : : Complete Range of all Stocks Carried Head Office: 19-21 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY Branches at: RABAUL (New Britain), KAVIENG (New Ireland), MADANG (New Guinea), SALAMAUA, WAU, BUT (New Guinea), TULAGI (Solomon Islands), SUVA (Fiji), and other Pacific Islands; and in LONDON.

Buyers and Shippers of: Copra, Trocas, and all Classes of Islands Produce Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

1 *■> m 2 35 Saigon, Diethelm & Co, Port Moresby and Samarai. Steamships Trading Co. Ltd; Rabaul. W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd; Port Vila Gubbay Freres-. Noumea. Carlo Leoni; Auckland. Russell & Somers Ltd; Wellington. Johnston & Co. Ltd w m r.' !* your way to AUSTRALIA....

On your way to Australia visit Auckland and Wellington ... or plan a more leisurely stay visiting the scenic wonders of New Zealand . . . magnificent fjords . . . wild, icecapped mountains ... hot springs and spouting geysers.

Sail by the splendid new motor vessel Maetsuycker or the wellknown steamer Van Rees.

These fast K.P.M. vessels maintain a regular monthly schedule from South Pacific Island ports; provide new direct travel facilities to New Zealand of exceptional comfort at economical fares.

K.P. M.

Details of sailings from your local agent.

S.S. Van Rees

M.V. MAETSUYCKER

South Pacific Line

Royal Packet Navigation Co. Ltd. Paketvaan House, 255 George Street. Sydney. (N.V. Konmklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij—lncorporated in the Netherlands)

Pacific Islands Travellers

Passengers Per Montoro Which

Sailed From Sydney For New Guinea

AND PAPUA ON JUNE 23Messrs. Aumuller.

Aston, Arnold. Andrews. Armstrong. Beatty.

Brown, Brodie, Bellingham, Brown, Black, Barnes. Brown, Bowen. Boulter, Barrow, Chambers, Craig, Chant, Casement. Edmond, Fealy Firmin. Flower Freeman, Finch Green, Gould, Herring, Hood, Healy, Jones, Knight. - Pringle, Pomeroy. Purcell. Page. Rutherford.

Rennels, Richardson. Ringel, Pedley-Smith. Simmonds, Snedden. Sutherland. Tomlinson, White.

Watts, Wunsch, Winterford, Wilkinson. \Vinterford. Whitby, Wilkins, Phillips, Nicholl, OTteilly. sar.Mi ssass: Pickworth, Pomeroy, Paulini, Richardson, Ross, Pedley-Smith, Smith, Swanson, Sewell. Spencer.

Streeter. Tomlinson, Winterford, Wyborn, Wilkinson. Misses Aldis, Bannister, Baker, Cooper, Gribben, Horton, Keller, Matthews. McCormack (2), Murray, Stokes, Streeter. Taylor.

PASSENGERS PER NIAGARA WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From Suva, Fiji. On

JULY 3; Miss G. Allsop, O. Bennett, Mrs, L. , * „ „ „ u «• Bennett, F. Beechcroft, Mrs. B. Beechcrott, Miss I. Hudson, L. Barton, D. Jones, Mrs A. Jones.

S. Lambert, V. McGusty, Mrs. M. McGusty, A.

McCorquodale. Mrs. cC ° rq^ / Snodgrass, L. Warmg-Flood, C. H. Hunt, Mrs. 1.

Hunt, W. Kearsley, Mrs. G. Lawson, H. Sabben, rddams ’ Midson.

Passengers Per Malaita Which

Reached Sydney From New Guinea

AND SOLOMONS PORTS ON JULY 3: Messrs. £*• B “ B tc\tan° ttr j“Taw«re; Lone Manning Fass Sven- Long. Manning. d. <?>’ Hanickl ’ j ack Leadle'v Pass' Smith Whitlock, vVatmore Mia«a dW* Devir

Passengers Per Morinda Which

Sailed From Sydney For Lord Howe

Is-> Norfolk Is. And New Hebrides On

JULY 8: Messrs. Angus, Aiken, Adams, Dunn, Egar, Flanagan, Gorringe. Gray. Gall, Hinder, Hudson, Kitching, McNamara. Nobbs.

O’Brien, Price, Rogers, Sutton, Spark, Worsfold.

Young. Mesdames Angus, Campbell. Carter, Cooper, Guss, Gray, Crimson, Gall, Mills, Taylor, Worsfold, Price. Misses Croker, Firth. Fairlie, Green, Healy, Kelly, Kaibel, Kimber, Lawler, McAndrew, Twomey, West.

Passengers Per Niagara Which

Sailed Frm Sydney For Suva, Fiji. On

JULY 8: L. H. Bury, Mr. and Mrs. P. S.

Bignell, C. H. Beckenham, Mr. and Mrs. Coles, A. H. Dangerfield, J. T. Finch. W. H. Gartner.

Mrs. E. J. Gaynor, Mr. and Mrs. S. P. Higgin, Mr. and Mrs. G. A. Holmes, Miss E. M. Holmes.

Miss N. Isaacs, Mrs. R. Jeremy, W. J. Jolly, E. Kenyon, C. E. Lawrence, C. Mackley, Mrs. C.

Moore, Mrs. McCullogh, Dr. M. B. Nesbitt, Mrs.

T. Pickett, H. E. Rogers. A. W. Rabbitts, Mrs.

A Statham, Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Strong, Mr. and Mrs. S. Schwartz, Mr. and Mrs. W. J.

Sumpton, G. W. Sefton, Mr. and Mrs. A. H.

Shingler, Mr. and Mrs. F. Shepherd, J. E. Toy, A. Verge, Mr. and Mrs. D. W. Wishart, Mrs.

M. E. Wisdom, Mr. and Mrs. F. T. M. White, F. J. Banks, Miss V. Bartlett, Mrs. M. Carver, Captain W. F. D. Hay, A. W. Ousey, Rev. and Mrs. Walker, Mr. Appleton, J. A. Watson.

PASSENGERS PER MACDHUI WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From Samarai And

PORT MORESBY ON JULY 10: Messrs. .Gordon, Leetch, Crampton, Garden, Kingdon, Moore, Pollard, Shannon. Mesdames Berwick, Boileau, Edgell, Moore, Morris, Whitten. Miss McAlister.

(Continued On Page 74)

1 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

BURNS, PHILP & CO. LTD.

GENERAL MERCHANTS fill ire iirs imniii Mil ili il SHIPOWNERS

Tourist Agents

Head Office; 7 Bridge Street, Sydney—Australia Code Address: "Burphll"

Buyers Of All Classes Of Island Produce

Regular Steamer Services from Australia to New Guinea Papua Solomon Is.—Lord Howe Is.—Norfolk Is.—New Hebrides —Java and Singapore ADVERTISERS Amalgamated Wireless of Aust. Ltd 75 Anderson, G.. A 52 Angus & Coote Ltd 41 Arnott’s Biscuits 26 “Aspro” ......... 37 Ausoline 32 Baker, W. Jno. ...... 14 B. and S. Agency ... 12 B.A.L.M. Ltd 21 Bank of N.S.W 76 Berger & Sons Ltd 72 Blau (Aust.) Robert 58 Brandt & Steele . 69 Broomfields Ltd 74 “Broughton” School 67 Brunton’s Flour 64 Bullivants Ltd 42 Burns, Philp & Co. 2 Burns, Philp & Co. 28 B,P. (S.S.) Co 36 Buzacott Ltd 49, 55 Carpenter, W. R.

Limited ii Chemist - Michael, H. P. ' 72 Chivers & Sons Ltd 56 Clyde Engineering Co Ltd 29 Coleman Lamp Co 18 Coral Starch 38 Cosmopolitan Hotel 61 Crossle, Duff and Macintosh Ltd 70 “Cystex” - 33 Del Cott Pty Ltd 45 Dewar’s Whisky 60 Doan’s Pills •• 64 Docke, Carl Aug. ... 44 Donald, A. B. Ltd 65 Dunne, H. F. S - 13 Eaton, Ltd, J. W. ... 32 Electrolytic Co Ltd 68 Enos Fruit Salt 14 Excelsior Supply Co 47 Expropriated Properties 24 Fairbanks - Morse Limited 74 “Fairholm” College 30 Finau, Wm 67 Fletcher & Sons 53 Ford, Sherington Ltd 24 Ford, W. M 80 “44 Macleay Street” 12 Foster Clark (Aust) Ltd 31 Fryer, A. C. 49 Garden V ale Products Ltd 38 Garrett & Davidson 53 Gillespie’s Flour 36 Grand Pacific Hotel 63 Grove & Sons, W. H. 30 Guinea Airways Ltd iii Hallstrom, E 39 Halvorsen Sons, Ltd 73 Hannan Bros. Ltd ... 25 Harley, E. S. 67 Holbrook’s Ltd 37 Horne, W. & Co. 62 Hotel Moresby 61 1.C.1.A.N.Z. Ltd ...... 72 “Island Trade” 78 Jones & Co Ltd, H. 35 Kodak Pty. Ltd 66 Kopsen & Co Ltd _ 43 Kork-N-Seal Ltd ...... 56 Kriesler (A’sia) Ltd 15 Lane & Ltd 71 Levenson’s Radio ... 57 Levy, Sol 60 Lloyd & Co Pty Ltd 13 Lustre Ltd 17 McGowan & Co, A. 63 Mcllrath’s Ltd 20 McKay’s Bookstall ... 58 Mai eh am & Yeomans Limited 64 Master Sewing Machine Co 65 Maxwell Porter Ltd 32 Medical Supplies— Secura 58 Miller & Co Pty Ltd 48 Mint Stamp Co 36 Morris, Hedstrom Limited 62 N.D.L. 80 Nelson & Robertson Pty Ltd 68, 73 Nestle’s Milk _ 40 Newland Bros. Ltd 50 New Zealand Distributors Ltd 12 Nordman, Oscar G. 48 Noyes Bros. Ltd 25 Oxymel Oil and Paint Co Ltd 46 Olsson, T. A. 47 Pabst Canned Beer 23 Pacific Islands Club 13 Pacific Islands C 0... 59 Page, S. B 14 Papua, Hotel, The .. 61 Patterson & Stone ... 48 Peregrine Club 22 Philatelic Investment Trust 19 Pike Bros. Ltd 14 Pincombe Ltd, Syd. 42 Position Wanted 77 Prescott Ltd 34 Price’s Radio Serv. 18 Prouds Ltd 17 Ransomes Sims and Jefferies Ltd 54 Reed, William E 55 Reid. W. M 51 Riverstone Meat Co Ltd 27 Rohu, Sil 66 Royal Packet Co 1 “R.U.R.” 68 Ruston & Hornsby 79 St. Ignatius College 22 Scott’s Emulsion 23 Scott Ltd, J 77 Scott & Sons 54 Springwood L. Coll. 59 Stanley, Chris. 35 Stanley & Co 26 Stead & Baker 69 Steamships Trg. Co 41 Sterling Varnish Co. 11 Sullivan Ltd, C 18 Sullivan Ltd, J. J. 39 Swallow & Ariell ... 34 Sydney Steel Co 68 Talkeries 12 Taubman’s Paints .„ 71 Tavlor & Co, A 69 “Tenax” Soap 67 Thopmsons Eng’r & Pipe Co Ltd 70 Tillock & Co. Ltd 35 Tooheys Ltd 19 Tooth & Co iv “Top Dog” Men’s Wear 11 Trading Station For Sale 16 Trufood 20 Vincent’s A.P.C 67 Warburton Franki Ltd 16 Webb A Co Ltd, A. 46 West, Harry 74 Weymark & Son 56 Wills. W. D. and H. 0., Ltd 29 Williams Ltd. S 51 Williams, W. H 54 Wizard Lighting Co. 13 _Woods P’mint Cure 28 Wright & Co Ltd, E. 65 Wunderlich Ltd 71 Contents Pacific Islands Travellers 1, 74 Why Sir Charles Rosenthal? 3 Future of Samoa 4 Gov.-General Visits Papua and N.G. 4 Transfer of New Hebrides 5 Volcanoes Quiet in N. Guinea 5 8.5.1. Gold 6 Pacific Fliers Lost 7 Rich New Guinea 7 Rabaul’s Future 8 New N.I. Administrator 8 Rewa Bridge Completed in Fiji 9 U.S.A. Claims Canton Island 10 Tropicalities n About Islands Pepple 12 Evacuation .of Rabaul ...... ...... 16, 72 Nazi Propaganda in N.G 17 Fiji’s Legislative Council 18 The Hupi Hats of Bougainville 20 Tongan Notes ...... 22 French Oceania and U.S.A 23 Men Who Knew Yesterday—Captain S. Mortimer 26 Pirates’ Gold in Fr. Oceania 29 Geoff. Clift —An Appreciation 30 Solomon Islands News 34 Terror of the N.G. Eruption 35 Asiatic Labour and New Guinea 41 Activity in Dutch N.G 42 The Boy-King of Tahiti & His Treaty 45 Twenty Days in an Open Boat 47 Future of N.G. Goldfields Ltd 50 N.G.’s Advantage Over Australia 54 A Fijian Canoe for Tonga 64 Tahiti Notes 65 Official Survey of Kermadecs 67 Pacific Islands Mining Notes 68 Islands Produce and Exchange 75 Copra Market Prices ...... 76 Shipping Timetables 77 Index to Volume VII 79 2 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney for transmission by post as a newspaper .] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Crown Colony of Fiji.

Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands, Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

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CONTRIBUTIONS Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited, and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

Subscription Rates

Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 8/- Per Annum, elsewhere, prepaid, Post Free 10/- Single Copies Bd.

Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON. F.R.G.S.

ADVERTISEMENTS Advertising rates furnished on application.

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Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by Bth of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

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G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Samarai, Papua.

Steamships Trading Co., Papua. All Branches.

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All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove and Sons, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

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Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building. 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. VIL, No. 12.

Sydney, July 23, 1937. p r ,V P ( Bd. Per Copy, r I lUc ( Prepaid : 8/- p.a.

Why Sir Charles Rosenthal?

THE appointment of Major-General Sir Charles Rosenthal, a man prominent in Sydney’s professional and military life, to be Administrator at Norfolk Island— a comparatively minor post, carrying onlv £BOO ner annum has aroused some curiosity and speculation. , . ~ * ■, .

Sir Charles is a restless man, of almost dynamic energy, and he is only 62 years old. It may be taken as certain that he is not going to Norfolk Island for a rest.

Then why is he going there? Norfolk Island can be of little use to Sir Charles, unless it is a stepping-stone to some other place. , Does Canberra expect that the Administrator’s position will be vacant presently in Papua, or New Guinea, or Northern Territory? And is Sir Charles Rosenthal merely being brought into line for one of those positions? If so, a cruel wrong is being perpetrated, not only in closing the Norfolk Island appointment against the trained officers of the New Guinea and Papuan administrations, but also in continuing the vicious system of political patronage in making this appointment to Norfolk Island; and this journal will do everything possible to direct public attention to the matter.

We have nothing to say against Sir Charles Rosenthal, who is most favourably known as a citizen, as a professional man, and as a military officer. But against the practice of allowing a handful of unqualified men at Canberra, thrown by the accidents and intrigues of politics into the positions of Ministers, to invest any favourite with the dictatorial powers of a Pacific Administrator. have had and shall have a eood deal g . g svs tem that is wrong in an( j } las not justified itself in . results _ e p : r The administration of Pacific terntones is a job for specialists. Canberra “ tscrup “ mg young men for the various Pacific Territories services—not even a cadet is taken without a special competitive examination, and courses in anthropology, tropical medicine, etc. Yet the principal positions have been filled repeatedly by the appointment of men who never previuosly_had had one hour’s training in tropical administration—but who had had opportunities, as politicians, of “digging themselves in” among the always vulnerable political bosses at Canberra. There are very able men in the tropical services, who have devoted their lives to this work; but—so persistent has been this system of political patronage—they now have resigned themselves to the conviction that the coveted chief posts are not for them or their associates—“they go to some fellow with influence,” say the Territories men, with a shrug.

The latest appointment—Norfolk Island —gives colour to it. N.I. is a post to which departmental heads in Papua or New Guinea might quite properly have aspired. It would have given one of them a lift in status, if not in salary, and it would have represented a welcome change from humid and malarial New Guinea, to a cool, green island. But the job goes, instead, to Sir Charles Rosenthal, who probably has spent not one day, let alone 20 years, in Territories administration.

However, there may be behind this particular appointment a purpose of which no hint has been given; and it might be well to delay judgment. It has been made just at a time when Australia is regarding the Western Pacific Groups from two new angles—those of defence and of aerial communication.

It appears as if the British share of the New Hebrides administration will become an Australian responsibility; and that change has been brought about primarily on the score of defence. Norfolk Island, on the southern flank of the defensive chain of islands (which run round from New Guinea, in the north, via the Solomons and Hebrides, to Norfolk Is.), may have considerable strategic value, as an observation outpost and an aviation station. Is it not possible that Sir

Charles Rosenthal, as a professional engineer and a successful artillery and divisional commander, has a special job of work to do at N.I. ? It also would be reasonable to suppose, if Australia’s responsibility for Pacific administration is to be extended, on the score of defence, that a man of Sir Charles Rosenthal’s qualifications would be sought as an adviser to the Commonwealth Government, in connection with the proper use of the protective fringe of Pacific Islands.

But this is all supposition. All that we know at the moment is that another big job in the Territories has been filled, and the trained men of the services have been passed over again. It looks like a continuance of the old, vicious system.

A word of reassurance from Canberra is too much to expect—but it would be most welcome.

B.S.I. ENTOMOLOGIST FOR FIJI From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, July 2.

TT has been officially announced that Mr.

A H. W. Simmonds, retiring Government Entomologist in Fiji, will be succeeded by Mr. R. J. A. W. Lever, Entomologist in the British Solomon Islands. A presentation of a silver entree dish, suitably inscribed, was recently made to Mr.

Simmonds on behalf of the staff of the Agricultural Department, at an evening at the home of the Director of Agriculture, Dr. H. W. Jack.

Futu'Re Of Samoa

British or New Zealand?

The report that the British Admiralty * proposes to call one of the new 8,000 tons cruisers Samoa suggests that there is little likelihood of the Territory going back to Germany.

The hope still is cherished in Samoa that the future administration will be the responsibility of London, and not of New Zealand—and colour is given to the hope by the fact that Mr. A. C. Tufnbull still is called “Acting Administrator,” although General Hart retired in July, 1935. Mr. Turnbull has filled the post with conspicuous ability and tact, in most difficult circumstances, but the fact remains that the arrangement (failure to appoint an Administrator) has been fair neither to him nor to Samoa.

It is probable that Mr. Savage, N.Z.

Prime Minister, now on his way home from the Imperial Conference, carries the answer in his brief-case.

Rush For New Stamps

IV"O less than 70,357 “first day covers” were sold at Rarotonga, when the Cook Islands new Coronation stamps were issued. It represented a windfall of over £2OOO for the local Treasury.

Australian Gov.-General Official Visit To Territories THE Governor-General of Australia 1 (Lord Gowrie) left Brisbane on July 18 by H.M.A.S. Australia on a visit to Papua and New Guinea. His itinerary was to be as follows: July 26-29: At Port Moresby. Visits to points of interest in the district, including Mr. T. L. Sefton’s rubber plantation (Koitakinumu). There will be canoe races, native dances and a ball.

July 30 —August 9: Visits to Samarai, Rabaul, Kavieng, etc.

August 10; Arrives Salamaua in H.M.A.S. Swan; flies to Lae as guest of Guinea Airways Ltd.; flies to Bulolo as guest of Bulolo G.D. Ltd.

August 11: Flies over Ramu country, thence to Wau, as guest of N.G. Goldfields Ltd.; thence back to Bulolo.

August 12: Visits various point of interest on Bulolo goldfield.

August 13: Flies to Salamaua, where he joins H.M.A.S. Australia for Brisbane, Queensland.

Mr. L. V. Waterhouse, a director of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., left Sydney by the Maetsuycker on July 23, to represent his company while Lord Gowrie is the guest of the Bulolo Company in New Guinea.

ANCIENT COOK IS. FAMILIES UNITED IN PICTURESQUE WEDDING From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, June 22.

THURSDAY, June 3, saw marriage * festivities here on an unparalleled scale.

Princess Tapumanoanoa Tere Daisy, second and favourite daughter of sonless Makea Nui Tinirau Ariki (Paramount Rarotongan Chief), was married to. Taupuruariki Cowan, Native Medical Practitioner and eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. C. Cowan, of Ngatangiia.

The wedding thus reunited two of the Cook Islands’ oldest and most important families; the ancestors of both had been respectively occupants of the canoes of Karika and Tangiia, about A.D. 1250.

After the wedding ceremony in the L.M.S. church at Avarua, where the bride was given away by her father, the guests, numbering over 600, were entertained at a wedding luncheon served in the Palace grounds. Speeches were made by Judge Ayson, Mr. Robert McKegg (managing director of the C.1.T.C.), who acted as best man, Rev. Cater, and others. Makea Nui Tinirau, referring to his daughter’s alliance, quoted the old native proverb that “the blood will always return to the blood,” as being exemplified by the marriage which had just taken place.

Following luncheon, Maori friends and relations of both parties laid gifts at the feet of the newly-married pair. Over a hundred finely woven native mats and an equal number of taevaevaes, or handmade bed-quilts, were presented. Also on display in the Palace were presents from European and other friends, a collection which by its quality and quantity testified to the general popularity of the bride and bridegroom.

There were 10 charming bridesmaids in pink and blue organdie frocks, designed by Princess Tere, who herself wore a gown of French lace over magnolia satin. Her train was borne by two little bearers in lemon organdie.

During the reception at the Palace, Ringiao, “ king’s mouthpiece,” announced in stentorian voice that in accordance with immemorial custom the bride’s father had conferred on his daughter the title of Rangi Makea.

In the evening a ball and supper were given by Makea Nui Tinirau.

Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Volcanoes Quiet 424 Natives Missing THE town of Rabaul is being cleaned, slowly. Public services are functioning again. But it is a dull, dead town.

Most of the women and cEildren, and many men, have gone “South.”

Masses of pumice lie everywhere—in gardens, along streets, on waste lands.

Masses of floating pumice make harbour navigation very difficult. Steamers come into the port regularly, but they cannot be manoeuvred easily, and at times they cannot get alongside the wharves. Much trouble has been caused to the Neptuna, Tanda, Montoro, and other ships through the fine pumice being pumped with sea-water into their cooling systems, and most of the ships that go into Rabaul report that their circulatory apparatus has become choked.

The pumice is being kept in the harbour by the prevailing southeast wind. It may be washed out when the “northwest comes.

Vulcan and Matupi volcanoes now are quite “dead.” Many people have climbed to the top of Vulcan, 600 feet high. Hereabout, the pumice and ashes have buried even the telegraph poles, along Kokopo road.

Soon after the eruption, Catholic missionaries said that over 300 natives had been killed. The Administrator flatly contradicted the report: he estimated the dead at 18. But on July 15, the Administrator admitted in an official report that 424 natives were missing, and it was feared that the majority were dead. The natives missing were from the villages of Valaur 186, Tavoa 104, Letlet 25, and Rapolla 22, which were the four nearest villages to the Vulcan eruption, and from 20 other villages northwest of Vulcan.

The Legislative Council sat for 30 minutes on June 28 and passed a special ordinance to protect the Administration against legal actions arising out of the emergency measures taken during the eruptions. The Administration may not be sued in respect of any act done in good faith for the public safety during the period of emergency, and empowers the Administrator to issue certificates for any act so done. Claims must be lodged within 60 days of the passing of the Bill. Disputes are to be determined by arbitration.

On July 3, at a private hospital in Sydney, a daughter was bom to Mr. and Mrs. T. Yeomans, of Morobe, New Guinea.

The Pacific Islands Club has invited Major-General Sir Charles Rosenthal, Administrator-elect of Norfolk Island, and Lady Rosenthal, to be present at their monthly social gathering at the Hotel Carlton on July 27. The speaker will be Rev. Dr. Collocott, of Strathfield, who will lecture on Tonga. An invitation has also been issued to Crown Prince Taufa’ahau Tubouto’a to be present.

FORBIDDEN!

The Governor and the Cannibal ON a recent visit to one of the outlying stations, in the west of Papua, the Lieutenant-Governor, Sir Hubert Murray, was approached by a prisoner who complained that he was not getting enough to eat.

The Governor ran his eye over the amply-cushioned chest and inflated abdomen, and took note of the skin, oily from good living and not excessive employment.

“Don’t you get plenty of rice?” he asked.

The native nodded impatiently.

“Plenty,” he answered.

“And sweet potatoes, bananas, pineapples, sago?’’

“Yes, yes—plenty those things.”

“Don’t you get meat, too?”

“Oh, yes. I kai-kai meat all right. But I hungry.”

The Governor looked puzzled. Then: “What are you in gaol for?” he asked.

The native looked down coyly at his twiddling toes.

“I been kill ’im man!” he said at last.

“Behind I kai-kai ’im. Govment say, ‘No good you kai-kai man. More better you go gaol seven year’.”

Then the Governor understood. But the native will have to do without his favourite food —at least, until his sentence is completed.—C.

All Quiet In Tokelaus

APIA, July 1.

THE Acting Administrator of Samoa, Mr. A. C. Turnbull, and the Secretary for Native Affairs, Mr. C. G. R. McKay, have returned by H.M.S. Wellington from a brief visit to the Tokelau Islands.

They found the native population contented and happy, and in excellent health.

There were only 15 court cases, of a minor character, heard during the year.

New Hebrides

No Sign of Early Transfer proposal, to transfer England’s responsibilities in the New Hebrides Condominium to Australia will be placed before the Commonwealth Cabinet by the Australian Prime Minister, when he returns home.

After that, the plan would have to receive the approval of the Australian Parliament.

Meanwhile, a general election is close at hand. As all the signs and portents indicate the defeat of the present Government party, and as the Labour Party is not likely to interest itself in Pacific affairs, it is probable that the British Colonial Office and the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific will have the New Hebrides on their hands for a long time yet.

N.G. AVIATION PREPARATIONS are being made by Messrs. W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd for the inauguration of the new weekly air-mail service, between Sydney and New Guinea, at the end of the year.

Three De Havilland 868 machines will be used.

It is announced that radio directiongiving apparatus will be installed, for this service, at Port Moresby and Salamaua, as well as at Rabaul and Cooktown.

Tenders for the Government aerial transport work in New Guinea (mailcarrying, etc.) closed on June 30, and the principal contract (Morobe goldfield, and Salamaua—Port Moresby) went again for one year to Mandated Airlines (Carpenter and Co.). The contract for the Madang section (Salamaua to Madang, with services to the Ramu and Chimbu districts) was secured by the Stevens Company.

A Quartette Of Samoan Pioneers

Belying the tales of the harmful tropical climate, these four pioneers of Western Samoa, whose ages total 308 years, met recently in Apia.

They are (left to right): Mr. G. E.

L. Westbrook (British) 77 years, 46 of them spent in Samoa; Mr. Paul Hoeflich (German), 71 years, 46 in Samoa; Mr. Henry Achetz (American), 79 years, 38 in Samoa; and Mr. A.

Walter (British), 71 years, 39 years’ residence in the Territory.

All four are physically and mentally fit, and still take a keen interest in local affairs. 5 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 17 3 7

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Union House, 247 George St., Sydney.

Rearrangement of B.P. Services “Macdhui,” Now in Dock, Will Resume on August 28 /CONSEQUENT upon the temporary withdrawal of the Macdhui from the Sydney-Papua-N.G. run, as a result of taking fire in mid-June, there was a rearrangement of Burns, Philp and Co.

Ltd.’s shipping timetables.

The Macdhui’s trip from Sydney on July 14 was cancelled, and she was sent to Cockatoo Dock for repairs. She will resume on August 28.

The Montoro will leave on her next round trip on August 10 instead of July 31 She will be supplemented the following day by the Mangola, taking cargo and passengers to eight Papuan and N.G. ports before going to Nauru from Kavieng.

En route to Singapore, the Marella called at Pt. Moresby on July 14 to take Papuan travellers to T. 1., where they joined the Merkur for Australia. On her way back to Sydney the Marella will call again at Pt. Moresby on August 19.

After leaving North Queensland for the Solomons, the Malaita put in at Samarai on July 18, leaving the following day for Tulagi.

The new arrangements are shown in detail in our shipping columns on P. 78.

Crew’S Courage During Fire

With her engine-room on fire, the Macdhui sent out S.O.S. messages on June 20, when off Fortification Point, N.G. The Neptuna, en route to Sydney from the East, dashed to the rescue, transferred 38 European and 150 natives passengers on board, and towed her to Salamaua, where repairs were effected.

After being surveyed by Captain A. S.

Fitch and Mr. L. Lett, of Pt. Moresby, representing insurance interests, she sailed for Australia finder her own power, carrying 16 passengers. Arriving in Sydney on July 9, she was docked for repairs. The flooring of three port cabins had been ripped up during the fire, and the engine - room casing was badly buckled.

Macdhui passengers were loud in their praise of Captain A. Campbell and his crew, who fought with remarkable coolness and courage and overcame the fire in the engine-room and in No, 4 hold.

They described as “truly marvellous” the quiet, efficient way in which the travellers and natives were taken off at the first alarm and later, again, when they were transferred to the Neptuna.

Mr. C. H. Stanton, manager of the Shell (Pacific Islands) Co. at Suva, returned to Fiji by the Monowai in June.

The death occurred very suddenly in Port Moresby on July 5 of Mr. William Knight, a well known and popular member of the staff of the Bank of N.S.W. He had been suffering from influenza and dengue fever, and collapsed unexpectedly.

Schooner For N. Guinea

A FTER successfully doing nine knots in her trials on Sydney Harbour, the Manuan 11., a two-masted auxiliary schooner built for Messrs. Stehr Bros., large plantation owners in the Duke of York Group, sailed for New Guinea on July 11. The agents, Messrs. Nelson and Robertson Pty. Ltd., said that Captain Kane expected to be at Rabaul in a fortnight. Her length is 45ft. and she is equipped with an H.M.G. engine. There is accommodation for four persons and cargo space for about 15 tons of copra.

Two Vessels For Papua

Messrs. Nelson and Robertson, also advise that Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., of Papua (for whom they are Sydney agents) have placed an order for two 50ft vessels for the Papuan coastal trade. One, the Ghinsurah, equipped with a 50 h.p. full-diesel Skandia engine, will leave the slip in August. Captain L. Kingdon, of Port Moresby, and one of Steamships Trading Co.’s engineers have arrived in Sydney to take the Ghinsurah to Papua at the end of August.

Eastern Pacific Shipping

TT was reported from San Francisco on -*■ July 21 that the Matson Line (American) is negotiating with British shipping interests for a demarcation of spheres of Pacific trade.

It was reported in this journal last May that French interests were planning the inauguration of a service between Tahiti and California. It is believed that the Anglo-American plan is to anticipate this move by arranging regular calls at Papeete.

Bishop Henry Newton, who recently retired, returned to Papua by the Macdhui in June. He said he felt fully restored in health, and was eager to take up duties under his successor, Bishop Strong, at Dogura, Eastern Papua.

Solomons Gold

Company's Plan Revised TTHE plans of Solomon Islands Gold * Sluicing Ltd. are being reconsidered, in the light of three facts—namely, that the flotation attempted in February and March last was not favourably received by the public, and has had to be withdrawn; that there is difference of opinion among engineers as to the practicability of the proposed mechanical method of handling the gold-bearing material, especially the boulders; and that there is little doubt that the .Berande field (on Guadalcanal, in the Solomons) is a rich field, with solid and consistent values.

The reason for the failure of the flotation is not clear. An attractive prospectus, carrying the names of first-class men as directors, was lavishly advertised; but the investing public did not “bite.” It seems to have been just the wrong time to have presented a gold company. The directors withdrew the prospectus in May.

Meanwhile, Mr. T. R. Victor, the wellknown mining engineer, has visited the Solomons, to inspect some mining proposition in which Australian Gold Development N.L. (a Melbourne company, of which Brig.-General Wisdom is a director) was interested. Mr. Victor condemned the proposition. While he was in the Solomons, he looked over the Berande proposition, and reported on same to the directors of Solomon Islands Gold Sluicing Ltd. The report has not been published; but we have been informed that Mr. Victor took a favourable view of the gold-bearing character of the leases, but was not impressed with the mechanical side of the company’s plans.

We are assured that, despite the setback, the company has no intention of abandoning the enterprise —it merely will revise its plans.

The “Manuan II.” in Sydney Harbour. 6 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Revenue From Taxes

1935 1936 £ £ Customs and export duty _ 155,651 166,378 Licenses 10,097 10.899 Native head tax 19,805 19,641 Native labour taxes 17,786 19,529 Stamp duties 8,715 5,688 Gold royalty 88,232 81,168 Total revenue from all soures 388,171 419.919 Other comparative figures are ; — 1935 1936 Gold exported, value ... £1,897,244 £1,704,498 Gold exported, oz 299,757 302.619 Copra exported, value £361,413 £761,309 Copra exported, tons 56,251 66,684 Total exports, value... £2,340,624 £2.573.251 Total imports, value... £948,404 £1,290,788

Flier Lost

Amelia Earhart Disappears In Central Pacific THE famous American aviatrix, Mrs.

Amelia Earhart Putnam, with Captain Noonan as navigator, flying a Lockheed Electra aeroplane, disappeared in the Central Pacific on July 3.

Having flown around the world from U.S.A., west to east, via South America, Africa, India, East Indies, and North Australia (22,000 miles), the flier reached Lae (New Guinea) on June 29.

On Friday, July 2, she left Lae at 10 a.m., carrying eight tons (950 gallons) of fuel, on the longest hop of the flight— -2,600 miles to Rowland Is. That island is north of the Phoenix Group, and a landing-ground was made there last year by Pan-American Airways.

She should have made the journey by 3 or 4 a.m. Saturday (17 or 18 hours).

She reported regularly by radiophone.

Then, at 3.28 a.m. she announced: “Can’t make landfall—only 90 minutes gas left.”

Later, the British cruiser Achilles picked up a message, apparently: “Quite down, but radio still working.’’

After that, during Saturday, fragments of radiophone messages that may have come from Mrs. Putnam were picked up, but they meant nothing.

The U.S.A, cutter Itasca put out from Howland Island; the British cruiser Achilles joined in; the U.S.A. battleship Colorado, with three seaplanes, raced down from Hawaii; and the U.S.A. aircraft carrier, Lexington, with 62 aeroplanes, came under forced draught from San Diego. But, although the search continued by sea and air until July 19, not a sign of the fliers was found.

American navy experts think that the p ane missed Howland entirely, and that the last message (about fuel shortage) was sent from a point 350 miles S.S.E. of Howland. This would be right over Canton or Hull Islands, in the Phoenix Group.

Guinea Airways

New Developmental Capital Issue Over-Subscribed THE issue of 80,000 £1 preference shares by Guinea Airways Ltd. was very well received, and we were advised by brokers early in July that, already, the issue had been “substantially oversubscribed.” Allotments, however, could not be made before the advertised date (July 31). The new capital is for developments in Australia.

A new Lockheed Electra aeroplane, for Guinea Airways, will arrive in Adelaide early in August, and will inaugurate a new direct service between Adelaide and Sydney. The other Lockheed, brought from New Guinea, is maintaining the new Adelaide—Darwin service, with one of the three-engined Ford planes, also brought from New Guinea, held in reserve.

Pilot A. J. Turner arrived in Brisbane from Lae (N.G.) on July 1 with a Guinea Airways Ford, and returned to Lae a couple of days later. He brought the following passengers from Lae: Mr. H.

M. Smith (managing director of Guinea Airways), and Mrs, Smith, Messrs. T. E.

Millis, of Adelaide; G. W. Osborne, mining engineer, of Wau; J. Leahy, miner, of Wau; and D. Wallis, mechanic. £4,000 STOLEN FROM BANK

At Lautoka

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, July 5.

BREAKING into the Bank of New South Wales at Lautoka, thieves stole £4,000 between midnight on June 30 and daylight the following morning.

The money was taken from the strongroom, where it had been placed in a box ready to be transported to the Tavua goldmines to pay employees. The box was later found across the road, broken open.

No locks on the bank premises were broken and the strongroom was intact.

Rich New Guinea

Belated Statistics Show An Increasing Revenue OECAUSE of the ridiculous system under which the public accounts of Territories under mandate are kept hidden for about a year, the financial condition of New Guinea as on June 30, 1936, was made public only at the end of June, 1937. The figures therefore are of little value —they are modified by anything that has happened in the intervening twelve months.

For the year ended June 30, 1936, the surplus was £40,954, How it has happened is thus shown: There has been speculation, as to what the Administration will do with its accumulated surplus. Before the eruption, it was generally believed that the construction of the Salamaua-Wau road would be undertaken. But the eruption costs must have bitten a large hole in the Administrator’s nest-egg.

However, the Administrator, wisely, is taking the opportunity to solve his transport difficulty. Two 70ft. patrol boats for the use of officials have been built in Sydney; and the Minister for Territories (Canberra) is making inquiries at present in Europe and America “for a suit* able, secondhand steam yacht for the Administrator of New Guinea.”

The Governor of Fiji (Sir Arthur Richards) delivering an address, after having laid the foundation stone of the new block of Government buildings in Suva, on May 12. Lady Richards is shown seated, and holding a bouquet. 7 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Rabaul'S Future

Inquiry By Vulcanologist A LTHOUGH the influence of higher officialdom is thrown sternly against any suggestion that a new capital should be sought for New Guinea, as an alternative to volcano-threatened Rabaul, the subject has been receiving a good deal of quiet discussion.

From the Administration viewpoint, which naturally is dominated by finance, the idea has nothing to commend it. The cost of placing the departments elsewhere —at Madang, for example—would run probably far into six figures.

But there are two or three factors which may influence the future. The first is pumice-dust. Probably not for years— and certainly if they be dry years—will Rabaul be free from this unpleasant and unhealthy nuisance. The second is the condition of the harbour; Is there a risk of this hitherto fine haven being more or less silted up? The third, of course, is the ever-present risk of another eruption —which is a matter for experts.

If, under these three heads, the outlook is unfavourable to Rabaul, several strong reasons will be advanced for the removal of the capital to the western end of the Territory. Most of the Territory’s industrial activity is there; the mainland is much more accessible by air-mail from Australia, and it also is on the future direct aerial route from Eastern Australia to Eastern Asia; and the establishment of the capital there should give a stimulus to the development of the vast, rich central plateaus of New Guinea.

However, the whole subject now awaits, first, a report by an expert on volcanoes; second, a report by an expert committee.

Expert Survey At Rabaul

Dr. C. E. Stehn, who has been appointed by the Federal Government to advise whether it is safe to retain Rabaul as the capital, has had extensive experience in the Dutch East Indies, where occur volcanic eruptions similar to that which recently shook Rabaul.

It is stated that Dr. Stehn possesses qualifications which are not held by anyone in Australia.

Dr. Stehn has been vulcanologist attached to the geological survey in the Netherlands East Indies with headquarters at Bandoeng, and has investigated similar eruptions in the East Indies. The East Indies lie along the same line of volcanic activity on which Rabaul is situated. It was considered desirable to obtain the services of a scientist who has worked on that line.

Dr. Stehn and Dr. W. G. Woolnough, Commonwealth geologist, left Brisbane for Rabaul by the Tanda on July 16.

Hon. C. J. J. T. Barton, C.M.G., 0.8. E.,, Colonial Secretary of Fiji, is at present acting as Governor’s Deputy during the absence on tour of Sir Arthur Richards.

Dr. A. H. B. Pearce (Central Medical Authority for the Western Pacific) and Mr. H. H. Vaskess (Secretary to the W.P. High Commission) are accompanying Sir Arthur on his visit to the Central Pacific groups.

Manganese Lode

Reported Discovery in New Guinea WAU, June 28.

TT is stated that as a result of the discovery of a rich lode of manganese ore at the Golden Ridges’ workings of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., a new treatment plant will be installed there in the near future, and it is estimated that about 1,000,000 super feet of timber will be used in its construction. Such an undertaking would be of great benefit to business firms in the Wau district.

Ward Williams' Party

Returning From Papua

Ward Williams expedition, which has been gold-prospecting on the Upper Fly, northwest Papua, near the Dutch border, since July, 1936, was to leave that area, using river transport, about July 15; and its members are expected in Sydney about the end of August.

Mr. Stuart Campbell, who had been maintaining communication between the Lower Fly and the prospecting party, 550 miles inland, by means of a Sikorsky S-39 amphibian, arrived in Sydney on July 7 with his sea-plane, and announced the return of the expedition.

Bad Manners—No Official

Thanks To “Golden Bear”

IT has been a subject of unfavourable comment in Sydney that nothing apparently has been done, by either the Administrator of New Guinea or the Australian Government, to formally thank the captain, officers, and crew of the American freighter Golden Bear, for the splendid service they gave on Saturday, Sunday and Monday, May 29-31, in assisting the people of Rabaul to escape from the eruptions.

The Administrator, it is reported, was “touring around’’, near the Golden Bear, on June 1. but evidently did not think it necessary to call and say a word of appreciation to Captain Olsen.

Captain Olsen and his officers probably got all the thanks they wanted in the outspoken gratitude of the people they assisted; but that does not explain or excuse the bad manners of officialdom.

Sir C. Rosenthal

Administrator at Norfolk Is.

IVIAJOR-GENERAL Sir Charles RoseniTA thal, K.C.8., C.M.G., D. 5.0., V.D., M.L.C., has been appointed Administrator of Norfolk Island, in succession to Captain C. R. Finney. He will “take over” at Norfolk Island on October 31, when Captain Finney will leave.

Sir Charles Rosenthal was born in New South Wales 60 years ago, and h e is an architect by profession. He gave distinguished service in the war, rising from the rank of lieutenant-colonel to command the 2nd Australian Division, and receiving innumerable decorations.

After the war, he took a keen interest in public affairs, and he has been a member of the State Parliament and of the Sydney City Council. He has been, for some years, associated with the directorate of the Cockatoo Dock, Sydney.

Sir Charles is an outstanding figure in Sydney, and is highly esteemed by returned soldiers generally. He usually is prominent on all military occasions.

Iron Ore For Japan

TTWO Japanese mining parties are at present in N. Caledonia, arranging for the exploitation of iron ore deposits.

One, in the South, hopes to export 10,000 tons monthly and has installed a laboratory at Goro. Six ships will be built in Japan specially for this traffic.

Representing the Nippon Kookau Kakushiki Kaisha (Society of Steel Tubes), the other party is interested in the Robert mine, also at Goro.

Three well-known Fiji Fersonalities photographed at Arundel Castle, at a garden party given by the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk. Left to right: Ratu Edward Cakobau, Mrs, Clive B. Joske, Major Joske.

Fiji’s official Coronation representatives in England Sir Henry Milne Scott and Ratu Sukuna, and (for the Defence forces) Major Joske and Ratu Cakobau—have been accorded many honours and much hospitality. 8 Pacific Islands Monthly* July 23, 1937

Rewa Bridge

Big Job Completed in Fiji From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 25.

P|N Saturday, June 12, the long awaited steel and concrete bridge over the 2ewa River was opened by the Governor, 3ir Arthur Richards. Lady Richards cut ;he ribbon across the approach.

Replacing the antiquated steam pon- ;oon ferry which has done service for so nany years on the river, and which was iable to be held up every time there was i big fresh in the river, the bridge will ndeed be a boon to residents on the other side of the river. It forms an important ink in the road around the island of Viti .<evu, the last section of which, between Navua and Sigatoka, is under construction.

Speakers at the opening were the Glovernor, Director of Public Works (Hon. W. Wise), and Hon. Alport Barker, to whose efforts for many years in the Legislative Council the bridge is largely [file.

The bridge is a fine structure, and a tribute to the skill of the resident engineer, who was in charge of the construction, Mr, J. H. Williams. It is comprised of two 60ft. approach spans on the Davuilevu side, one 60ft. approach span on the Nausori side, and nine 120 ft. spans in between. The length between abutments is I,2Boft.—2oft. longer than the arch span of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. It is designed for two lines of vehicular traffic, the width of the roadway between kerbs being 18ft., while there are two footways for pedestrians, one on each side of the bridge.

Due to the nature of the river bed, considerable difficulty was experienced in sinking some of the piles. In the case of one pier toward the Nausori side, the foundations go down 162 ft. a record for the Southern Hemisphere.

The sinking of the cylinders, which controlled the time of the job, was commenced on February 22, 1935, and completed on March 22, 1937. The structural work was completed on May 6 last, and then time was allowed for the concrete roadway to set properly.

Owing to rising prices, steel for the bridge cost £7,000 more than the estimate, but here Mr. Williams’ experience and skill came to the rescue. Under the original proposal, the steel spans were to be erected on timber staging near the river bank, and floated out into position on pontoons. Mr. Williams, however, devised a scheme of building them out on cantilevers on the same lines as the Sydney Bridge was built. This method reduced the cost of the construction by several thousands of pounds.

New Tanker For C.S.R. Company THE Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd. has ordered from the Caledon shipyards at Dundee a new vessel, a semitanker, to carry 5000 tons deadweight of bulk molasses and general cargo. This vessel will be the third of the company’s tanker fleet. The other two vessels are the Fiona and Rona , of 2198 and 6205 tons, and they run between Fijian, North Queensland, and Australian and N.Z. ports.

Oil Fuel For Ships

Installation At Tahiti From Our Own Corro'-norident.

PAPEETE, June 20.

T A Compagnie Francaise des Pilosis phates de I’Oceanie celebrated, on May 29, the completion of their oil storage and fueling station at Papeete.

Up to the present, motor vessels in the South Pacific have been compelled to go to Fiji for Diesel oil. Or, if they could not go from the Americas to Fiji without refueling, supplies were sent in drums to Papeete, in advance of their coming.

The new station at Papeete can supply vessls of any size. The C.F.P.O. installation is very modern and efficient with ample storage tanks, pumps and pipe b'nes to the company’s own wharf and to the main wharf of the harbour.

The celebration, at which His Excellency the Governor and staff were guests of honour, was held at the offices of the company at Papeete. A pavilion gaily decorated with flags had been erected in the grounds, where a banquet was provided for the whole staff of the company, including the artisans engaged in the construction of the station.

Dengue Fever And Influenza

In Port Moresby

From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, July 6.

SINCE the S.E. season has come, a considerable number of the residents of Port Moresby have been suffering from a severe form of influenza, together with dengue fever. The natives also have suffered in a marked degree, in the villages nearby, and in the outlying districts.

It has been suggested that the epidemic of dengue has been caused by lack of attention to the water supply, with the consequent breeding of tank mosquitoes, which carry dengue fever. The cooler weather and the strong south-east gales probably are responsible for the severe type of influenza cold.

N.G. Roadmaker Dead

From Our Own Correspondent.

WAIT, July 5.

MR. C. L. G. HARSLETT, of the Public Works Department, who was responsible for the conversion of mud tracks to good motor roads in this district, di-ed in hospital to-day, as a result of injuries received on June 22.

When he was travelling along the Edie Creek Road on the back of a motor truck a heavy boulder, loosened by natives cutting firewood above the road, hurtled down the steep bank and, after striking a case of meat on board the lorry, hit Mr. Harslett in the small of the back.

He was taken to the European hospital, Wau, in a serious condition and suffering much pain.

A narrow escape was reported by Mr.

W. Hams, of Wau, whilst driving a motor car on the Bulolo Road*. A heavy landslide occurred as the vehicle was passing but, fortunately, only the car was damaged.

Scenes at the opening of the Rewa Bridge, Fiji. Top: View of the structure and approach from Mission Hill, Davuilevu. Below: The crowd of Fijians and Indians who walked across the bridge to the Nauson side after the opening ceremony.

Photos: Caine & Co., Suva. 9 >a c l f i c Islands Monthly, July 23, 19 3 7

U.S.A. CLAIM TO CANTON IS.

Incident In Aviation Rivalry The United States, quite unexpectedly, has lodged a claim for the ownership of Canton Island, the most northerly (apart from Howland and Baker) of the Phoenix Group. Britain has re-asserted her claim, and New Zealand (through an expedition recently on Canton) has supported Britain. It is reported that the British, American, and New Zealand ensigns are all flying over Canton Island.

Phoenix is a small, uninteresting, uninhabited group in the Central Pacific, just south of the Equator. There are eight islands in the group now—since the two northern outliers, Howland and Baker, were annexed by U.S.A. last year.

Most of them are high, wooded and fertile, and capable of supporting a population; but they have no harbours.

Canton, on the other hand, is low; and its rim of land—about 550 yards wide, from 10 to 20 feet high, and about 20 miles around encloses a very large lagoon, at the eastern end of which seaplanes could very conveniently alight.

This rim is broken only on the western side, where there are three entrances, narrow and shallow, but only one is deep enough to allow small boats to enter. It could easily be deepened.

All this rush after islands, regarded for a century as economically valueless, is due, of course, to the rapid development of plans to cover the Pacific with aerial services. U.S.A., supporting Pan- American Airways, has taken possession recently of Baker and Howland Islands (Northern Phoenix Group), Palmyra Island and Kingman Reef, and the Americans tried to get Christmas Island. Howland and Baker are near the direct route from Honolulu to Suva, and the others are on the line from Honolulu to Eastern Samoa, All the islands mentioned have been more or less under British jurisdiction for many decades; but Britain did not resist American claims being kindly disposed towards American aviation enterprise until Christmas Island came under notice. Christmas Island has considerable economic value, and has been regarded as British for a hundred years, but apparently without having been properly annexed; so there was quick action a few months ago, and British officials formally occupied the place.

The American attempt to claim Canton Island seems to be a little cheeky. It is true that the group is uninhabited and has been put to little use; but it is very clear that it has been a British possession ever since it was annexed by Captain Gibson, in H.M.B. Curacoa, 80 years ago, when the laying of the Pacific cable gave new values to Central Pacific Islands. Messrs. Arundel and Co., in the eighties (especially 1885-6) worked large deposits of phosphate-guano on Canton Island; but it has not been used or occupied for 20 or 30 years, except for coconut plantations on two of the southerly islands.

But within the last few years, since trans-Pacific aviation became a possibility, Britain more than once has had a look over the Phoenix group, and checked her title to their possession. Especially during the past year, since America occupied Howland and Baker Islands. The Phoenix group is on the direct line from Honolulu to Suva; and, as Britain definitely has planned a trans-Pacific aerial service, and as Canton Island is the only one of the eight suitable as a base for seaplanes, it is certain that, long ago, Britain satisfied herself that Canton Island was hers.

But, just to be sure, on August 6, 1936, H.M.B. Leith visited the island, proclaimed British sovereignty, hoisted the Union Jack, and buried the proclamation in a tin. A wooden board stating that the islands belonged to King Edward was nailed to a coconut palm. Again, last January, the Leith visited the island and nailed a new notice board to a tree, in the name of King George. H.M.S. Wellington visited the island on June 3, and put another notice on the palm. Meanwhile Washington has not been idle. On the shore of a lagoon stands a concrete pyramid, erected by the men of the Avocet in May last. Embedded in this are the Stars and Stripes, made of' stainless steel.

The new map of the Pacific, published a few months ago by the National Geographic Society—by far the best thing of the kind yet published, and practically an American official document shows Howland and Baker as “U.S.A.” and all the other Phoenix islands as “British.”

If, as is suggested, the rival claims are submitted to arbitration, the British case must be accepted as unanswerable.

Canton Island, as stated, is low and flat, and has on it only grass and shrubs, a few low clumps of tree heliotrope and noni trees, and eight or ten coconut palms.

"Makoa" Wrecked

Total Loss On Hull Island From Our Correspondent.

SUVA, June 24.

THE well-known three masted auxiliary 1 schooner Makoa (250 tons) belonging to Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., was wrecked on Hull Island in the Phoenix Group on May 25. She became a total loss, but no lives were lost.

The Makoa, under the command of Captain C. Doughty, was engaged in trade between Western Samoa and the Phoenix Group. Only a few months ago, she underwent a most extensive overhaul in Suva.

The captain, mate (Mr. Thompson), and engineer (Mr. Peterson), and crew of 13 islanders were brought to Suva by the Niagara. Mr. J. W.

Jones, Burns Philp’s new manager in the Phoenix group, and three carpenters from Apia, remained to erect the new store on Hull Island. All cargo was saved. (See reference to “Makoa” on page 33.)

Wedding At Vila, New Hebrides

Mr. Hugh McLean, accountant at Vila, New Hebrides, for Messrs. Burns Philp (S.S.) Co Ltd., was married at the Paton Memorial Church, Vila, recently to Miss Myrtle Nicholls, eldest daughter of Mr. A. Nicholls, chiel; of the Condominium Customs Service. The photograph shows, from left to right: Mr. Ballard (groomsman). Miss Andree Noel (bridesmaid), Mr. and Mrs. McLean, Mr.

Bairstow (best man), Mrs. Bairstow (matron of honour). Seated; Miss Isabella Ohlen and Miss Cecille Dujardin (trainbearers). 10 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 193 /

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TROPICALITIES UTTER comment is being made in > aviation circles in Australia concerngr the slowness of the _ Australian jvemment in getting on with preparams for the Australian-New Zealand r mail service. The trans-Tasman serce evidently is regarded as merely an rpendage of the two main services— iperial Airways service from Southnpton to Sydney, and Pan-American irways service from ’Frisco to Auckid, both of which should be runig with giant flying-boats early next ir. * * * *HE following appeared in Sydney Sun at the end of June: jondon, Tuesday.—Full satisfaction with Auslia’s administration of the New Guinea maned territory was expressed by the League ndates Commission in Geneva, after hearing I report by Mr. Furman, of the Australia use staff, and Mr. Walstab, chief of the New inea police. The two representatives gave the tnmission details of the Rabaul earthquake, and d there was no intention of changing the capias all parts of the island were equally iject to shocks.

It is most interesting to note that the 0 officials were able to state, about ne 29. that “there was no intention of anging the capital,” although less than fortnight before, on June 16, the inister for the Pacific Territories said at the Australian Government proposed set up an expert committee to advise in the suitability of Rabaul as a peranent capital.”

Had the gentlemen been in communi- ,tion with Rabaul? Or were they speakg on their own responsibility, after the ibit of bureaucrats who become intoxi- L ted with a sense of their own impornce? In either event, they have made le Minister look silly. * * ♦ N the March issue, under “Ready for Hurricanes,” there was a paragraph iggesting that had Judge Ayson not 3en absent on furlough in 1935, more Tective measures might have been taken 1 connection with the hurricane which vept the island in February.

As some readers have interpreted this s a reflection on Dr. E, P. Ellison, Actig Resident Commissioner at the time, ur Rarotonga correspondent hastens to oint out emphatically that no such leaning was intended. To those who now both the circumstances and Dr. lllison, the implication is absurd. Dr. lllison had already been through five turricanes —two while he was Resident Commissioner and Chief Medical Officer ,t Niue. What actually was in the writer’s mind was that probably Mr. had certain definite plans for such ,n eventuality and had he been there he vould have seen them put into >ractice. * * ♦ A CAPABLE and courteous steward on the staff of the Montoro , known to many Pacific Islands travellers under his nickname of “Nifty,” is making a slow recovery from a horrible experience which befel him during the Rabaul eruptions. Among the refugees taken aboard the Montoro was a dog, unhappily separated from her owner; and the kindhearted “Nifty” befriended the animal, and fed her. She was very grateful to “Nifty,” and followed him around, but later on, in the confusion and crowd, she disappeared. Some hours afterwards, “Nifty” heard a curious noise in one of the deck cabins, which are his special care. Ensconced therein, he found a proud and happy mother. His canine friend had made herself comfortable in the cabin, and there had givep birth to three pups. “Nifty,” as a meticulous cabin steward, has had to deal with some difficult social problems, but this one almost prostrated him. His bitterest moment came when he was accused by his chief of having arranged the accouchement. * * * MR. Hakon Mielche, the well-known Danish author, artist, and traveller, in a cheery letter to the editor from Copenhagen, says that he is back from South America with material for a new book and that Monsunen (the story of his South Seas wanderings) is still selling well. It has been translated into eight languages. Mr. Mielche adds: “If you go on your yearly inspection trip in the South Seas, do take my compliments to Gordon Thomas. H. 0. Townsend, and Tom Proctor, Rabaul, all Tulagi—especially the golf club —Dupertius, Mitchell, and Dawkins in New Hebrides, everybody on Vanikoro, and most of the people around the Pier Hotel in Suva.

Tell them I am longing to be back Good luck!” 11 acific Islands Monthly, July 23. 1937

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About Islands People

Rev. O. J. Brady, diocesan missioner of the Australian Board of Missions in Victoria, sailed from Sydney for Samarai, Papua, by the Malaita on July 10. After inspecting A.B.M. stations, he will return to Australia in October.

Captain R. A. Williams, master of the Melanesian Mission’s yacht Southern Cross, went on short furlough recently when the vessel visited New Zealand.

Captain D. H. Cambridge, of Auckland, relieved him and took the Southern Cross around N.Z. ports.

Father Überto Van Lamsweerde, a bearded young Dutch nobleman, who became a priest, arrived in Sydney from Europe by the Esquilino on July 8. Member of an ancient family and holder of a barony, he will spend the rest of his life working among the natives in New Guineia.

Mr. Eric J. Brabham, of the British Australian Lead Manufacturers Pty. Ltd., sailed from Sydney on business by the Neptuna on July 14. Mr. Brabham, who is an expert on fungicidal paints and timber and fabric preservatives, will visit Port Moresby, Salamaua, Lae, Wau, Wewak, Madang, and Rabaul.

Mr. G. A. Joy, British Resident Commissioner in the New Hebrides, accompanied the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific (Sir A. Richards) on his tour of the Condominium on board the Leith at the end of June.

Rev. E. C. Leadley, of the New Zealand Methodist Church in 8.5.1., arrived in Sydney by the Malaita on July 3 with his wife, en route to N.Z. on furlough. They are stationed at Roviana.

Mr. H. Norris Hiskens, an elderly New Zealander, arrived in Sydney from Norfolk Island, where he has lived for 10 years, by the Morinda on July 6.

Mr. C. S. Sharp, who has been a teacher in the Fiji Government for a number of years, arrived in Australia by the Aorangi in June to take up an appointment as advertising manager of a Sydney broadcasting station.

Mr. George Pistorius, an American who is making a study of Polynesian music, arrived in Sydney by the Niagara in July. He has visited Hawaii, Tahiti, and the Marquesas.

Mr. Ken Garden, who has been for some time with the Ward Williams expedition in Papua, arrived in Sydney from Port Moresby by the Macdhui on July 10. He will leave shortly for New Guinea to take up a position as a pilot on the Morobe goldfield.

Mrs. Gabrielle Lawson, wife of Mr.

Eric Lawson, manager of W. R. Carpenter & Company’s copra store on Rotuma Island, Fiji, arrived in Sydney by the Niagara early in July on her way to visit her parents in Queensland. She will return to Rotuma at the end of the year.

Sister Mary Edmee, a Catholic missionary, who has been working in the Solomon Islands for 23 years, arrived in Sydney on July 3 by the Malaita, on a holiday.

Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23. 193 7

The Pacific Islands Club

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or those interested in Islands affairs, are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Club, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

Monthly social gatherings at the Hotel Carlton, Sydney. Address communications to; The Honorary Secretary, THE PACIFIC ISLANDS CLUB, C/o Pacific Publications, Union House, George St., Sydney.

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About Islands People

Mr. R. S. Haynes, director and field nanager of Papuan Apinaipi Petroleum Fo. Ltd., will leave Sydney shortly to ?arry out initial work for the Co.’s oilseeking activities in Papua.

Mr. S. G. Masterman, Inspector of Native Labour in the Solomon Islands, vho has been on long leave in England, sailed from Sydney for Tulagi by the Malaita on July 10. Mr. Masterman, jarly last year, purchased a seaplane Tom Australia, but after much preparaion for the initial flight it was wrecked i couple of miles from Tulagi Harbour vhen it suddenly dived into the sea. Mr.

Masterman intends later to import an- >ther seaplane to 8.5.1.

Rev. Father E. Wheeler, of the Society >f the Divine Word, reached Sydney from J.S.A. by the Mariposa on July 12. He vill shortly sail for New Guinea to do nission work at the Society’s stations.

Mr. G. H. Pass, a bank official from labaul, New Guinea, reached Sydney with lis wife by the Malaita on July 3.

Mrs. Freshwater, wife of Mr. H. L.

Freshwater, who has charge of the Melanesian Mission’s agricultural experinental farm at Pamua, San Cristoval island, 8.5.1., died at the end of May in Melbourne, where she and her husband vere spending furlough. Shortly after ler arrival in Australia, Mrs. Freshvater contracted a heavy cold, which juickly developed into pneumonia, and ler death occurred after a brief illness, she had been in the Solomons with Mr.

Freshwater since 1928.

Captain Hope Evans, skipper of the L.M.S. auxiliary schooner John Williams V., which he brought out to the Central Pacific from England some years ago, returned home. The vessel is now mder the command of Captain Ernest E.

Kettle.

Miss A. M. Griffin, 8.A., of the Methodist Mission at Suva, Fiji, joined the July Niagara at Auckland, N.Z., on her way Dack to the Colony. Her return to Fiji had been delayed owing to an accident, but she has now recovered.

Mr. Sydney H. Chance, who for the past 19 months has been acting as Resident Magistrate of the Delta Division, Papua, arrived in Brisbane by the Montoro on June 17. He is now spending four months’ vacation with Mrs. Chance and their two children in Lismore, N.S.W.

Mrs. Chance has been in Australia for some months, having left Kikori last November.

Mrs. Baddeley, wife of Right Rev. W.

H. Baddeley, Bishop of Melanesia, who has been spending some months with her parents at Bishopscourt, Adelaide, Sth.

Australia, sailed from Sydney for Tulagi by the July Malaita. She was accompanied by her young son, Martin James.

Mrs. A. Schmidt, of Rabaul, arrived in Sydney from New Guinea by the Neptuna on July 5, with her son Ronald.

After a holiday at Randwick, N.S.W., she intends to visit Hong Kong.

Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Dyer, of Apia Observatory, arrived in New Zealand by the Maui Pomare from Samoa on July 6. 13 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Round-Up Of Sinners

Expected in Cook Islands a private letter, written by a resident of the Cook Islands to the editor of the “It is impossible to forecast the lines the new Administrator will follow, but it is likely his policies will differ in many respects from those of Judge Ayson. I think it is certain he will cooperate with some of the missions. We confidently anticipate a general rounding-up of all cohabitors and bush-beer consumers, (Cohabitation with a woman to whom one is not married, and consumption of fermented orangejuice, or “bush beer,’’ are sins punishable by law in the Cook Is.—Ed., P.1.M.) “As you have remarked in your P.1.M. . it is high time that this cohabitation nonsense was held up to the public ridicule it deserves.”

Bigger Revenues

Primage Tax Removed in Papua From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, July 7.

THE primage tax, which was imposed * by the Papuan Administration in July, 1931, as a temporary measure, and which was reduced from 4 per cent to 2\ per cent two years ago, has been removed altogether. Various items deserving of relief had been exempted from the tax, which was imposed on the value for duty of all goods imported into the Territory, with some exceptions.

The following figures show the total of Papuan revenue over recent years: 1927-28 £158,267 1931- £130,116 1932- £127,043 1933- £121,147 1934- £152,611 1935- £165,688 It is understood that the revenue for 1936-7 shows a substantial increase over that of 1935-6.

Shortage Of Ships In

French Oceania

From Our Own Correspondent T PAPEETE, June 20.

HE disablement of the M.V. Tooyi creates a very difficult situation in the Tuamotu and other outlying islands of French Oceania. The Tooya, chartered to the Messageries Maritimes, has been the chief carrier of supplies to these outlying islands, and the shipping vessel for their copra.

The once numerous fleet of schooners which, in the days of high prices for copra and pearl-shell, sailed among the islands, has been reduced to a few vessels, not adequate to serve the widely scattered communities. It is said that the Messageries Maritimes are- contemplating bringing out one of their own vessels for inter-island service.

THIRTY YEARS IN B.S.I.

From Our Own Correspondent T TULAGI, June 24.

HE death occurred recently in Tulagi Hospital of Mr. Walter Anderson, who had spent about 30 years of his life in these parts.

Mr. Anderson lived for a long time in the Western Solomons—in the Marovo Lagoon, in various parts of the Gizo District, and at Gill Island, Ysabel. For the last few years he had resided on San Cristobal. Mr. Anderson had had under his charge at one time and another most of the smaller local ships, and was well-known throughout the Group. 14 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Trading Station For Sale

Advertiser, after 36 years in Pacific, desires to sell trading station in small island in one of Western Pacific groups, and live in Australia.

This is only trading station on the island, which is healthy, and supports 1,500 natives.

About 500 tons of copra, purchased annually.

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Rabaul’S Loss Is Fiji’S Gain

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 20.

XT’S an ill-wind that blows nobody good. -*■ All Islands residents were sorry to hear of the disastrous volcanic disturbance at Rabaul, but as a result, Suva will receive an extra tourist boat this year. The Strathnaver, which was to have made a cruise to Rabaul, has been diverted to Fiji, and will arrive here on July 3. Five days later, on the Bth, there will be another tourist liner in port from Australia, the Orama.

Return Thanks

Mr. E. Steeples and family, of Wau, New Guinea, wish to express their thanks for all the kind messages of sympathy received during their recent bereavement.

Evacuation Of Rabaul

How "Montoro" Transferred, Without Casualty, 200 Europeans and 5,000 Natives to Kokopo.

TTM -following account of the fine rescue work done hy the “ Montoro •” in trans- * ferring, without accident, 200 Europeans and 5,000 natives from Nordup, across from Rahaul, to Kokopo, has been kindly written for the “Pacific Islands Monthly ” by Mr. D. Steivart , sales manager for Messrs. Holbrooks ( A/asia ) Ltd., Sydney.

Mr. Stewart was a passenger on the “ Montoro ” when, on May 29, steaming between Kavieng and Salamaua, she was urgently asked to proceed immediately to Rabaul. npHE Montoro received an S.O.S. mes- * sage from the American ship Golden Bear at 11.45 p.m. on Saturday, May 29, and orders were given immediately “full steam ahead” for the scene of eruption at Rabaul —approximately 150 miles distant. It is worth mentioning at this juncture that the ship that really held the key to the situation was the Golden Bear. She was only about half a mile away from Vulcan Island when the eruption actually occurred, being thrown on her beam ends and then righted by the next wave.

Owing to the Rabaul radio station breaking down, the wireless plant of this American vessel was used continually to send messages of the happenings at Rabaul to the outside world. Her Commander then steered his ship through the harbour into safety at Nordup, and no doubt was responsible for the lack of panic among the refugees on the l each there. When they saw her appear, giving a feeling of security to nerve-wrecked people, they were assured of safety -she was some means of escape.

On the Montoro there were scenes of great activity as life-boats, surf-boats, and pinnaces were prepared for the evacuation of the refugees. Incidentally, her decks and cabins were covered with pumice dust from a distance of over 150 miles, so that one can easily imagine the height which the pumice was thrown by the volcano to reach the ship at this distance. The estimated height was in the vicinity of 30,000 feet. Vulcan Island itself rose to a height of 800 ft. in a few days.

We eventually arrived at Nordup at 1.20 p.m. on Sunday, just as the second volcano, Matupi, went up. The scene that met our eyes, smarting with dust and sulphur, was one never to be forgotten. The Golden Bear was drifting while her life-boats did humane services embarking refugees, mostly women and

(Continued On Page 72)

16 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Jtinge'tie BURNS PHILP at all their b «.«, Nazi Propaganda in New Guinea Protest Against Mad-headed and Irresponsible London Journalism THE following letter is self-explanatory. It is from the Editor of the Pacific Islands Monthly to the Editor-in- Chief of News Review, a weekly journal published in London. It refers to a wildly-sensational article published recently by the Neivs Review : “In the name of decent and responsible journalism, I must formally protest to you against the statements nublished in vour issue of May 20. 1937, page 19, under the heading ‘British New Guinea- Nazi Campaign.’ There is practically not one fact in the whole of this article— if the statements made are not deliberate lies, they comprise a most gross exaggeration and distortion of facts.

“The Nazi propaganda, that you talk about, was so small and insignificant that it is scarcely worthy of official notice.

The Lutheran Church maintains a few mission stations in the Mandated Territory of New Guinea. A small number of recruits to the mission ranks, newly come from Nazi Germany, proved to be ardent Hitler-ites and on a few occasions in the past year or two they have freely praised Hitler and the Nazi regime. It was discovered that in two or three cases these young missionaries had carried their enthusiasm for Nazi ideals to the point that they had praised Nazi-ism to their native congregations, “Australian Patrol Officers came upon instances of this in the course of their work and reported the facts to headquarters. Enquiries were made; and strong representations were placed before the men in charge of the Lutheran Missions in New Guinea. That was the end of it. Certain yellow newspapers got hold of the above facts, exaggerated and distorted them almost beyond belief, and howled themselves into a condition of excitement, which appears to have affected even journals overseas.

“You say: ‘Reports seeped through of powerful German propaganda in New Guinea.’ A lie.

“You say: ‘Nazi agents, in the guise of Lutheran Missionaries, are deliberating fostering a campaign among the 378,000 natives of contempt for British rule, disloyalty to the Government. Instead there are being developed strong pro-German sympathies.’ This represents the extreme of distortion and exaggeration. Not more than a few score natives actually have heard praise of the Nazis.

“You say: ‘Everywhere abound Swastika flags, while huts are plastered with portraits of Der Fuehrer.’ A deliberate lie.

“You say: ‘ln Papua, labour can be procured at £5 per head. In the Territory it now costs £2O per head.’ Absolute non- 17 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

EUROPEANS 1936 1937 Southern Division 676 634 North Western Division 492 507 Eastern Division 366 307 - , . , Totals 1,534 1,348 —— • INDIANS 1936 1937 Southern Division 999 1,130 North Western Division 782 1,408 Eastern Division 139 275 - Totals 1.920 2,813 .

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Bankers: Bank of New South Wales. CORRESPONDENCE IN ENGLISH, FRENCH AND GERMAN sense, so far as any rise in costs is attributable to propaganda. iou say: ‘New Guinea would make an excellent strategical base from which to launch a Nazi attack on the Commonwealth.’ Yellow journalism at its worst.

“You say: ‘Particularly in the rubberstarved Reich’s eye are the Mandated Territory’s 2,500 acres of rubber plantations, which yield exports amounting to £1,000,000 annually.’ This is ridiculous and deliberate lying. In the whole of the Mandated Territory there are no more than 500 hectares planted in rubber, and no rubber whatever is exported from Mandated Territory, neither at the present time nor at any time during the past 10 years.

“It is difficult enough to maintain good international relations among these South Seas territories, without the irritation caused by the mad-headed irresponsible journalism which apparently you represent.

“I shall publish a copy of this letter in my own journal, the Pacific Islands Monthly.”

Yours faithfully, R. W. ROBSON.

Sydney, July 8.

Captain David Todd, 70, who spent 33 years as an officer in the service of the Union S.S. Co., died at Artarmon, N.S.W., in June. For many years he was master of several of the Co.’s vessels and held commands in the San Francisco Royal Mail service. His last command was the Waiotapu, from which he retired in 1930.

Fiji’s Legislative Council New Nominated Members From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, July 6.

TINDER Fiji’s new Letters Patent the unofficial side of the Legislative Council is to be comprised partly of nominated members and partly of elected members. Recently the Governor’s nominees were gazetted as follows: Europeans—Sir Maynard Hedstrom (formerly elected member for the Eastern Division), and Mr. H. King Irving (manager in Fiji for the Colonial Sugar Refining Co.).

Indians—Mr. K. B, Singh (formerly elected member for the Indian Southern Division) and Mr. Said Hasan (barristerat-law, of Suva).

Fijians—Ratu Deve Toganivalu, 1.5.0. (sitting member), Ratu J. L. V. Sukuna (sitting member), Ratu George Tuisawau (Roko Tui Rewa), Ratu Isireli' Tawake (Roko Tui Tailevu), and Ratu P. Veli, 1.5.0. (Roko Tui Macuata).

This left three European and three Indian members to be elected. When nominations closed a day or so ago it was announced that Mr. Alport Barker (who was an elected member in the old Council) had been returned unopposed for the Southern Division. The election for the other two Europeans and three Indians will take place shortly.

The number of Fijian members has been increased by two. Previously three were nominated. One of the three native members of the old Council was the late Ratu Popi Cakobau, whose place had not been filled. There are no elected Fijian members.

The nomination of Mr. Hasan is construed as being in response to the oft repeated demand of the Muslim community for a representative of their own.

The European and Indian electoral rolls closed recently, and the following are the figures in comparison with the 1936 rolls:

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First Shipment Marred By Strange Incident From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, June 24.

WITH the departure of the Matua recently, the first shipment of “controlled” fruit left the Cook Islands for N.Z. markets. So far word has not been received here as to prices realised.

Those who are unenthusiastic over the new scheme point out that the matter is of little interest, because growers’ main concern lies in collecting the 2/6 per case guaranteed by the Government.

And, it should be clearly recognised, there do exist those to whom “control” is most distinctly unpalatable.

An unfortunate incident marked the first shipment from Atiu, where approximately 1,300 cases of oranges were left behind owing to a misunderstanding which arose between the Union Co.’s officials and those working the boats.

Apparently the latter, who had been at work continuously from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m., requested a “knock-off” to enable them to have kai. Although details of what actually occurred are not available, it appears that no serious attempt was made by anyone to persuade the men to resume work, or to accede to their seemingly reasonable request. This is all the more strange in view of the. number of high official and commercial personages who were making the inter-island trip on the Matua. It is of course possible, but unlikely, that they were all unaware of what was taking place.

Speculation was subsequently rife on “the beach” as to whether the Government would pay the 2/6 guaranteed on all fruit, once accepted by its inspectors, irrespective of anything which might transpire later. Official advice has now been received that the half-crown guarantee will, in this case, be paid on all fruit shipped. But actually the total amount is to be apportioned between all those who had fruit ready for shipment, whether those whose fruit was shipped Payment will therefore be at the rate of 1/6 per case.

An interesting legal point would be whether those whose fruit was shipped could not claim in full the 2/6 definitely guaranteed by the Government. But there are no lawyers in the Cook Islands, and the solution arrived at apparently is the fairest for all concerned.

Cakobau’S Successor

From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA. June 25.

ON June 4, Ratu Isireli Tawake, former Roko Tui Ra, was formally installed by His Excellency the Governor as Roko Tui Tailevu, in succession to the late Ratu Popi Cakobau. This is virtually the post of senior Roko, the headquarters of the province being at Bau, the old native capital.

The installation was carried out with full native ceremonial, and His Excellency addressed the new Roko on the responsibilities of his office.

N.G. Public Service

THE following movements in connection with the staff of the New Guinea Public Service were announced by the Government Secretary in Rabaul on June 12: — TRANSFERS Public Health Dept.: C. W. Lambert, Medical Assistant, Rabaul to Manus.

District Services Dept.: A. J. Robertson', Cadet, Rabaul to Wewak ; C. G'. Harris, Cadet, Rabaul to Manus; H. E. Hamilton, Clerk, Rabaul to Salamaua; A. F. Ker, Clerk, Rabaul to Wau.

Mines Dept.; A. E. Fx-y, Inspector of Mines and Machinery, Wau to Rabaul..

Police Force: W. E. Allen, Warrant Officer, Madang to Wewak ; A. D. Gluyas, Warrant Officer, Manus to Madang.

Temporary Engagements

Treasury Dept.: A. L. B. King to be Clerk in Postal Services; E. A. Hawnt to be Linesman and Mechanic.

Public Works Dept.: A. Hoath to be Roadmaster at Salamaua.

Mr. R. S. Thacker, Attorney General in Fiji, left for England on leave by the June Monowai. He was accompanied by his daughter, Miss D. Thacker. The Chief Police Magistrate, Mr. T. T. Russell, is acting as Attorney General, while Mr. J. Judd, a District Commissioner, is acting as Chief Police Magistrate. 19 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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The Hupi Hats Of

BOUGAINVILLE of the most curious head-dresses seen in the Pacific are the Hupi hats, worn by the young men of Bougainville, Northern Solomon Islands (within the Mandated Territory of New Guinea).

Once these hats are fixed on their heads, they work, eat, and sleep in them for years, until a kind of initiation ceremony has taken place. During that period, they may not have any contact with women; and, not so long ago, if a “Mary” were found, looking into or touching a hat, instant death was her punishment. To-day, the punishment consists of illness, often followed indirectly by death, usually caused by fear of evil spirits.

The thickness of the natives’ hair, and the added weight of the dirt mixed with it, keeps the hats in place. The boys may be seen carrying the bags out of the copra sheds, depositing them in the copra boats, and running backwards and forwards on the beach and into the shallow water for hours, with those hats wobbling gently to and fro, yet none seems to fall off.

The Hupi hats seem to vary in size and design. The average size is about 22 inches in height, and 32 inches in circumference. The skeleton of these hats is wonderfully made—a kind of a basket effect, which is both durable and strong.

Over this framework is put several thicknesses of palm leaves, cut and sewn into the required shape, and neatly finished off with native twine and thread.

The leaves may be either the natural dried shade, or coloured either black or red with native vegetable dyes. A cover is fitted over the hat. finished article is a fine example of native craftsmanship. The cover is held firmly in place by the wide broad band round it, and is worn always except on very special ceremonial occasions.

New Pharmacy And

Nurses’ Home For Suva

From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, June 23.

A START has been made in Suva with the erection of the new Government pharmacy. This is to be a concrete building, and will occupy a site near the wharf, alongside the Government bond.

The present pharmacy is an old wooden building near the Post Office, and is now too small for the work of the department.

Another public work which has been wanted for some time, and with which a start has been made, is the new European nurses’ quarters at the Colonial War Memorial Hospital. Complaints of overcrowding in the nurses’ quarters have been heard for years now, and the new building will fill a long felt want.

An up-to-date structure with all conveniences is provided for in the plans.

A group of young natives o f Soraken, wearing their Hupi hats. 20 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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21 Pacific Islands Monthly, duty 23, 1932

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Tongan Notes

From Our Own Correspondent NUKUALOFA, May 27- RECENTLY there has been an outbreak of housebreaking, stealing, etc., and offenders are more or less youths of both sexes.

Dressed in a very wide pair of “Oxford bags,” sandshoes, shirt and tie, and a pair of spectacles, with a neat part in the middle of his hair, and armed with ancient magazines and out-of-date catalogues, one young man collected about £bo from the unwary inhabitants of outlying villages by presenting himself as an agent of a company (mythical, of course) formed to purchase copra at 121bs, for 1/-, and to sell flour at 21/- a sack (1501b5.). Thus garbed and armed, the youth presented so formidable a figure that the poor villages were overawed, and were easily victimised by his glib tongue and ready smile.

It is a far cry from Russia to Tonga, and it is a matter of surprise to learn that Mr. Stalin has a few comrades here.

A number of “hot-heads,” led by one Afuha’amago, and another, Taukolo Lagi, have been discussing the “rights and equality of man,” and have repeatedly petitioned Her Majesty the Queen to dismiss the Premier on grounds that appear to exist only in their imaginations.

Religious Squabbles

Rev. A. H. Wood, former Principal of Tubou College, who recently departed for Australia, caused quite a stir among religious circles here by committing to print, both in a pamphlet and the Tohi Fanogonogo (organ of the Free Wesleyan Church) the “history” of certain denominations. This w r as intended solely for the theological students and preachers of the Free Wesleyan Church, but adherents of the churches concerned, unfortunately, did not relish the statements and referred to Mr. Wood’s action in strongtermed criticisms. The poor Tongan looks on and wonders, for these bellicose activities in the midst of followers of the simple Nazarene are contrary to His message of “peace unto earth and goodwill towards men,” which the early missionaries have taught him.

Regrettably, there has been far too much of this religious disputation going on here —and this at a period when it is the duty of all Christian bodies to cooperate and devote their time and energy to combat the materialistic outlook which is the real menace in the life of the young generations of Tongans.

Effect Of Hurricane

The recent hurricane caused a setback to the banana export industry, but the Vava’u and Ha’apai Groups, which escaped the blow, came to the rescue, and the Premier and Inspector of Agriculture make monthly trips to these northern groups to suprevise packing activities prior to the regular shipments on the Matua.

On Airmail Route

The Pan-Pacific clipper, on its survey trip from Pago Pago to Auckland, was sighted both on the outward and return flight by inhabitants of the island of Eua.

It is interesting to note that it was the inhabitants of this island who first saw the early explorers when these islands were discovered.

The Visionary

HE had dignity and charm and culture, too.

Bright eyes that shone fanatically bine.

A mouth severe, when in repose a line, But such a smile that made his friends incline The ear, if not the heart, to every word Designed to picture what he saw or heard Upon a little stool at dawn and night In prayer beneath a tract “I am the Light.”

From all the doors of his pure mind A voice, his own, cried out to find How he the savage heart could know And speed the work that went so slow.

When guided by a white-man’s ways So full of crowded hours and days.

The secret was he must think black.

And leave his own well-ordered track.

With dignity and charm all fled away.

He trod the new road, tireless, day by day.

And passed, an exile in an unknown land.

Beyond the aid of white-man’s voice or hand.

And when him tortured soul cried out at last.

He turned, alas, too late, and stood aghast To find noi path or highway leading back From that dark valley known as Thinking Black.

RICHARD HUMPHRIES.

Papua. 22 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 19 3 7

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FRENCH OCEANIA AND U.S.A.

A Comparison Between Tahiti and Honolulu Letter to the Editor.

THE article “Hand Tahiti and French Oceania to U.S.A.” in your April number, has turned our minds to meditation. And, meditating, we fix our gaze upon Honolulu —as one searches the depths of the crystal sphere of the soothsayer—to learn, if may be, what Fate has in store for us.

As the confused and flickering shadows gradually shape themselves within the sphere, there are revealed to us visions of the past, and portents of the future.

First, we see a band of worthy sons of New England, who spoke unctuously of Things Above, but who had discerning eyes for the juiciest fruits on the Hawaiian plum-tree. Then flashes forth the ghastly vital statistics of the dispossessed, hidden though they are from the casual eye behind the rosy, flowerscented mirage of faerie, romantic native life, conjured by the enchanters and spellbinders of the Tourist Bureau.

The turmoil of passing years clouds the crystal and then clears to show us the Booster Club —an agglomeration- of lusty Babbitts, who make the welkin ring and sigh for new worlds to conquer and “develop.”

We see the “developed” countryside— wonderful, inspiring achievements of progress. But who inhabits it? Japanese, Portuguese, Koreans, Italians, Mexicans and the heritors of the canny shakers of the plum tree. We search in vain for that noble race (who colour so enticingly the lithographs of the Tourist Bureau) and for the health and happiness of whose kin in the South Pacific the worthy Doctor Slaten is so anxious in mind—except at the meretricious beach shows at Waikiki, and in the slums of Honolulu.

Surely the learned doctor, overflowing as he is with humanitarian sentiments, would not wish so to overwhelm our happy isles!

It was most unkind of him to drag the ugly face of Mammon into his argument —and unwise, too; for it leads us to suspect his intention to put us on the auction block, to be sold, body and estate, into the hands of sugar barons and nefarious exploiters—should his dream come true.

We are quite of the opinion that the distinguished doctor had lately come from a “get together” banquet of the Booster, Rotary, Native Son and Advertising Clubs (where much good cheer, back-slapping and oratory are likely to beat up enthusiasm and imagination) when he wrote his article.

What we have seen in the crystal sphere makes us tremble. But when we lift up our eyes to the gracious tricolor floating at the peak of the flagstaff above our heads, our hearts are again at peace.

We do not believe it will ever be hauled down to enable chilled Hawaiian hands to be warmed at the funeral fires of our native race.

I am, etc., PRO BONO PUBLICO.

Tahiti, June 10, 1937.

Some Strategical Considerations nPHE article quoted in the from A the Honolulu Star Bulletin , concerning “Handing Over Tahiti and French Oceania to U.5.A.,” has aroused some comment, but no excitement, in the French islands.

It is very clear that the author did not have a map of the Pacific Ocean before him, when he wrote his essay, nor a naval strategist at his elbow.

Had he consulted either of these, he would have discovered speedily how absolutely useless to the U.S.A., for purposes of strategy, the Tahitian Islands would be.

Should Australia declare war on the United States, these islands might prove of some value as an advance station against attack from the south-west. But as the bogeyman seems to be Japan, the strategic value of Tahiti would be about that of St. Helena—in the Atlantic—as a naval outpost against an attack on New York from Sweden.

The arena of war between the United States and Japan would be somewhere in the neighbourhood of the Aleutian Islands, in the Bering Sea.

Hawaii is the left flank of United States defence, not its centre. Samoa might prove of some use as a base for a warship or two guarding trade routes; but we have our doubts.

As for Japan, her objectives are very much nearer home.

It ought to occur to the mind of the Hawaiian writer that the ownership by France —traditionally the friend and ally MOTHER’S SECRET WORRY “ Why does my baby catch things more easily than my brother’s child?”

CC TT breaks my heart,” writes a X mother, <c to see how thin and pale my baby is beside my brother’s plump rosy-cheeked child. My baby catches things so easily. I know my sister-in-law gives her child Scott’s Emulsion, but I give mine a cod liver oil preparation, too. What can be wrong ? ”

Mothers would be spared untold anxiety of this kind if they understood one important fact —that most of the tonics which are supposed to build children up actually put too much strain on their delicate stomachs. The cod liver oil in the tonic may even pass through your child’s system undigested and so do no good!

Now that’s serious, because a cod liver oil tonic is absolutely necessary to protect children against coughs, colds and infectious diseases. So the only way to give your child his cod liver oil is in the one completely digestible form.

As an eminent Research Body has discovered : “ Only when cod liver oil is given in the white creamy form of Scott’s Emulsion can children wholly digest the oil and so get all the body-building goodness they need.” Within 30 minutes after a spoonful of Scott’s Emulsion enters your child’s stomach every drop has gone to strengthen his whole body, and particularly his chest and lungs.

That explains how urgent it is to protect your child with the one completely digestible form of cod liver oil , Scott’ r Emulsion, now that coughs, colds and children’s ailments are so common. Give your child Scott’s Emulsion at once. See how it builds him up, shields him against infection, and saves him from the epidemics that are threatening the health and even the lives of other children. But see that it is SCOTT’S Emulsion. 23 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Sale Of Plantations And Vacant Land

By The Custodian Of Expropriated Property

TENDERS closing 17th August, 1937, are invited for the purchase of Cocoanut Plantations and Vacant Land in New Guinea. Particulars appear in the May and June issues of the Pacific Islands Monthly" and full particulars are obtainable from the Custodian of Expropriated Property, The Treasury, Canberra, or the Delegate of the Custodian of Expropriated Property, Rabaul, New Guinea.

W. C. THOMAS, 7+h July, 1937. Custodian of Expropriated Property.

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of the U.S.A.—of the group of Pacific Islands nearest to the Panama Canal, and the South American coast, is the best guarantee against any Japanese ambition or adventure in that part of the South Seas.

The subject of international debts served very well as a rabble-rouser in the days when politicians and tubthumpers used it to divert popular attention away from the true causes of economic disorganization. That day is past, and the question now belongs to the arcana of Foreign Office negotiations between the States interested.

And, finally: For those who shiver in the cold mornings of an Hawaiian winter, let them remember that, centuries before the white man saw the Pacific, the long canoes voyaged to and fro between Moaulanuiakea and Vaihinuiatea; and welcome and Aloha awaited them at both havens. True hospitality—like goodfellowship—knows neither flag nor boundary—H.

NOTE—Moaulanuiakea was the ancient name in Hawaii for the southern islands.

Vaihinuiatea—or Vaihi—is the name for Hawaii among the Tahitians to this day.

Christmas Island

Severe Drought Affects Famous Plantations From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 20.

HTHE schooner Denys, returning from * Christmas Island, early in May, brought news of an intense drought there.

There has been no rainfall for over a year. The plantations are suffering from lack of moisture. The foliage is yellow and coconuts mature at only a quarter their normal size.

The coconut tree is, however, a hardy plant, and there is little danger of any permanent damage.

The modification of the regulations in regard to recruiting in French Oceania, for service outside the colony, has enabled the holder of the leasehold of Christmas Island to staff his plantations from this colony. The living conditions are reported to be satisfactory; the people being well nourished and happy.

There are three little settlements some miles apart, each adjacent to its particular plantation. They have been named London, Paris and Marseilles. The representative of the British Government resides, very appropriately, at London, where flies the flag of the Empire. Roadways connect the settlements and four motor trucks and one passenger-car are used for transportation.

The native Tahitians—always homesick when abroad—have given their own names to the plantations of Christmas— Tahiti, Moorea, Raiatea, and so forth.

Christmas Island was formerly leased to Messrs. Lever Brothers. But it was too isolated and too distant from Australia for efficient administration. Some years ago the leasehold was taken over by Abbe Rougier, lately the proprietor of Fanning Island. Abbe Rougier very largely extended the coconut plantations on Christmas, until it has became one of the most valuable copra-producing properties in the Pacific. Since the death of Father Rougier, the island has been managed by his nephew and heir, Monsieur Emmanuel Rougier, who resides at Papeete.

The Denys had to meet a southerly gale and heavy seas during the 12 days of her voyage south. Being a dieselmotored vessel, she could hold a straight course. But the high waves battered her hull constantly, and she arrived with a broken bowsprit and her forward works badly damaged. The skipper, Captain Alexander Mervin, is an experienced mariner who has navigated the dangerous waters of the Tuamotus for many years.

Mr. A. T. Traversi, F.I.A. (Lond.), has been appointed by the Commonwealth Government to make an actuarial investigation into the position of the New Guinea Superannuation Fund. 24 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 193?

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AT first, freighting between Wau and Edie Creek, in New Guinea, where one climbs 3,000 feet in a few miles, was done by native carriers. Then came pack-mules. Then, between 1933 and 1935, Fred Deckert.maintained a service with a queer, narrow-gauge car, which he rebuilt himself, so that it would fit the precipiceclimbing mule-tracks. A ride on Deckert’s car was an unforgettable experience. Nowadays, motor-lorries run between Wau and Edie Ci'eek. on a graded motor-road. |T was a hard and weary drag I When first we climbed that track.

Although our tucker, tent and swag On some old mule we’d pack.

The road seemed always rough and far.

To shorten it we’d strive — Then came Fred Deckert with his car And showed us how to drive.

Around those dizzy heights we’d sneak, A few short years ago; We’d see the falls of Edie Creek And hear them roar below.

We’d crawl along at slowest pace.

And think the journey far.

And now around them he will race On his old Bitzer car.

As gaily round the mountain side The Bitzer rolls along, Its owner, bubbling o’er with pride.

Trolls out some cheery song.

The natives know it near and far And each for safety dives— It scares them stiff, that Bitzer car When Devil Deckert drives.

If looking for a thrill you are Some day just take a ride On that old bounding Bitzer car Past Edie Creek land-slide.

His passengers will all sit tight.

And hang on for their lives— I wonder they don’t die of fright When Devil Deckert drives.

But you can have it “on your own:”

I want a few years more.

Not yet tired of life I’ve grown— I may yet reach three score.

I have had a turn at flying.

And I’ve travelled fast and far There are better ways of dying Than on Deckert’s Bitzer car.

But good luck to this pioneer Who blazed the motor track.

For him we’ll raise a hearty cheer And hope to see him back.

Though many passing years have fled.

No matter where we are.

We still will think of Daring Fred And his old Bitzer car.

FRANK PRYKE.

Brisbane, 1934.

Pitcairn Islanders Visit

New Zealand

From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND, June 16. *"PHREE Pitcairn Islanders have caught * their first glimpses of a city as they watched from the decks of liners steaming up the Rangitoto Channel recently.

The first was Mrs. E. Brown, who arrived by the Tamaroa to undergo a surgical examination. In spite of the fact that Mrs. Brown has made several journeys to Tahiti and other islands she was greatly taken with Auckland city. By the Rotorua on June 14 came Mr. and Mrs.

E. Coffin, who for two years have been saving to come to N.Z. because they found life at Pitcairn too quiet. Mrs.

Coffin, who is partly of Tahitian blood, is a descendant of Fletcher Christian, mate of the Bounty.

German Consul Visits

American Samoa

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, June 4.

DURING his short sojourn in Western Samoa, Dr. W. Hellenthal, of Wellington, who is German Consul in New Zealand, paid a short visit to Pago Pago, American Samoa (which belongs to his jurisdiction), by special invitation of the Naval Administration. He was received with elaborate ceremony by the American authorities. For his return trip to Apia, the U.S.S. Ontario was placed at his disposal.

While in Apia, Dr. Hellenthal, had a very strenuous time, crowded not only with routine work, but also with manysided social obligations. He had a cordial reception from all classes of residents, irrespective of nationality, and was especially feted by the German nationals of Samoa at numerous functions.

He left by the May Matua on his return trip to New Zealand. 25 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Men Who Knew Yesterday

Captain S. Mortimer and His Pacific Memories OMALL and slightly built, with white hair surmounting a kindly face lined by biting Pacific winds, and eyes a trifle dim after half a century of watching for hidden reefs and other maritime dangers, Captain S. Mortimer, R.N.R., has retired. Recently, at the age of 67, he made his last voyage as commander of the Merkur, and Commodore of the Burns, Philp Line.

Few sea-captains retire with a record as free from accident as that of Captain Mortimer. Hanging around the walls of his study are gifts of appreciation from passengers of some of the boats he has commanded, and who have seen him accomplish what were little short of miracles in navigating his ship through tropical gales and storms. Not once, in all his long career, did he lose a vessel, even though most of it was spent in the treacherous reefs and half - charted waters of the Central and West Pacific.

Captain Mortimer was born in Berkshire, England, with a longing for the sea and foreign lands. At the earliest opportunity, he secured a position as cabin boy on the City of Nankin, bound for Sydney. She was a typical sailing vessel of the 80’s; and, after a voyage o£ many months, he had his first glimpse of Sydney Harbour.

It was not long before he had a taste of the adventures he had been seeking.

He was a young man on the Glosehurn which was “running down her easting.’’ far south of Australia, when a fire broke out in one of the holds, and burned for several days, before being quelled. It was a mere shell of a ship that limped into port, after one of Captain Mortimer’s worst voyages.

Captain Mortimer saw, even then, that steam would eventually displace the old sailing ships. When the Canadian Australian Royal Mail Line was inaugurated in 1893, he secured a berth as 4th officer on the Warimoo. In the next five years, he rose to be first officer of the Miowera , and. later, he became first officer on the old Aorangi, which was destined, in later years, to meet her end at Scapa Plow. He secured his Master’s certificate when 21.

In 1901, after 14 years in the C. and A.

Line, he resigned to join the Burns.

Philp steamer Guthrie , on the Singapore run. Then he was transferred to the New Hebrides, where he remained for several years as Chief Officer of the Tnduna. and master of the Tamho, Malaita and Makamho (the last named is still on the beach at Vila, where she was wrecked in 1935). He also held command of the Matunga, which, during the war, was captured by the German raider Wolf.

Even then, the Solomons and the New Hebrides were still in a primitive state, and although he never had any trouble Captain Samuel Mortimer. 26 Pacific Islands Monthly, JuTy 23. 19 3 7

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War Experiences On “Montoro”

Captain Mortimer returned to the Singapore route as master of Mataram. but two years later was given command of the Montoro, on the same run. On this vessel, during the war, he had some of h s most interesting experiences.

The Australian Government took over the Montoro. and fitted her out for the transportation of 287 German prisoners from Singapore to Sydney. One night one of the special guards came to Captain Mortimer, and told him that he could speak German, and that he had overheard a plot among the prisoners to seize the ship. Captain Mortimer carefully laid his plans for the undoing of the plot, and when the Germans made their break for liberty they were easily overwhelmed and put back in their cells.

In 1916, the Admiralty broadcast a warning to all shipping to be on the lookout for a German raider, and furnished a description. Several days later, in the Straits of Banka, the look-out on the Montoro reported a ship bearing down on them. It answered the description of the raider, but as it was early in the morning and still very misty, Captain Mortimer could not be sure, so he waited for the first move. It was not long in coming! A blank shot was fired, ordering the Montoro to “heave to.” Captain Mortimer continued on his course.

Another shot was fired, and this time it contained a projectile which sent up a column of water about 50 yards in front of the Montoro. Captain Mortimer ordered “full steam ahead” and, slewing bis vessel around, steamed straight at the raider, intending to ram her. When the two boats were a short distance apart, Captain Mortimer recognised the “raider” as the Empress of Britain , which had been converted into a cruiser by the British Govrvnment. Ringing “full steam astern,” he swung the Montoro across, and barely missed hitting the other by a few feet.

After seven and a half years on the Montoro , Captain Mortimer, was given command of the Marella, and appointed commodore of the Burns. Philp Line. He remained on the Marella for 13 years before he took charge of the Merkur, the lastest on the Line, and his last command.

That Pilot Question!

In all his years at sea, Captain Mortimer has had but one criticism to make —one which is practically universal among masters of ocean-going ships. That is the law which holds that, although a pilot may be in charge of a vessel entering port, the master is responsible for any damage sustained.

“And what captain will over-rule a pilot’s orders?” asks Captain Mortimer.

“If he does, he is to blame; and if he does not, he is still to blame. So he is really between the devil and the deep sea.”

But, even as he criticises, Captain Mortimer understands the shipowners’ position. They employ the captain because they know his ability, and expect him to use his own judgment. They do not know the pilot, and they do not expect him to exercise the same care as would their own employee, and so they are not willing to allow him to have full control of their ship.

Now that he has more time to himself, Captain Mortimer may write a book, but he fears that that field has been “a little overdone.” Meanwhile, he has leisure to entertain many old friends in his beautiful home overlooking Sydney Harbour.

BRIAN STEIN.

Rev. W. R. Steadman, superintendent of the Methodist Indian Mission in Fiji, sailed from Melbourne for Suva by the Monterey on June 21.

Mr. R. J. Chandri, taxi proprietor of Suva, arrived in Sydney from India early in June en route to his home in Fiji.

Tourist Cruise Breaks New

GROUND From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND, June 16. \ CRUISE to the South Sea Islands, including two which have never previously been visited bv a tourist steamer, Moorea and Bora Bora, will be commenced from Auckland by the Union Co.’s Maunganui on August 3.

The first port of call will be Avarua (Cook Is.) and then the vessel will visit Papeete (two days), Moorea, Bora Bora (Fr. Oceania). Apia (Samoa), Vavau and Nukualofa (Tonga), She will return to Auckland late in August and immediately undertake a second cruise to Tonga, Samoa, and Fiji by way of Wellington. 27 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Pitcairner In London

From a Special Correspondent LONDON, June 1. ]Y|R. DAVID YOUNG, only Coronation representative from Pitcairn Island, and a fifth generation descendant of Midshipman Young of the Bounty , had seen so many enlarged portraits of the King and Queen in England that he expected them to be much larger than ordinary people. “Why, King George is smaller than me,” he said in surprise in giving his impressions of the Coronation.

Arriving shortly before the Coronation by the Arawa , Mr. Young was most amazed by the huge crowds in London— “l did not know there were so many people in the whole world,” he said. Mr.

Young is probably the most travelled of all Pitcairners, most of whom have never seen a motor-car. He visited New Zealand in 1927, so he was not surprised at the London traffic as he would otherwise have been.

Members of the Seventh Day Adventist community in London met Mr. Young on his arrival and he has their guest since then. Unless a ship happens to call there first, he will take the first news of the Coronation back to Pitcairn when he leaves by the Arawa on June 10.

There is a radio set on the island for urgent communication with passing vessels, but as it has a range of only a few hundred miles, the Coronation broadcast could not be received. Before Mr. Young left preparations were being made to celebrate the Coronation at Pitcairn as in other parts of the Empire.

Melanesian Mission

Proposal To Withdraw From New Guinea Mainland From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND, June 20, A PROPOSAL that the Melanesian Mission should withdraw from the field on the mainland of New Guinea had received the approval of the N.Z. churches, Rt. Rev. W. H. Baddeley (Bishop of Melanesia) told an Auckland audience during his recent visit to attend the Anglican Synod at Hamilton.

He added that the Anglican activities there probable would be taken over by the New Guinea Mission which has charge of the work in Papua. This would allow the Melanesian Mission to concentrate its efforts on the island groups of Melanesia (including New Britain and other islands which form part of the Mandated Territory of New Guinea).

The plan is receiving the consideration of the Bishop of New Guinea (Rt. Rev.

P. N. W. Strong). The next move will come from him—he will either agree to take over the Melanesian Mission’s work on the N.G. mainland or ask the Bishop of Melanesia to continue the present arrangement.

Dr. Baddeley, continuing his address, described how the money, man-power, and prayer which N.Z. had been pouring into Melanesia for many years was being used to the fullest possible extent. Referring to the alarming decrease in population in some of the larger islands where disease had taken full control, he remarked on the tremendous possibilities open to medical workers in the Islands.

Stressing the need for doctors as well as missionaries and teachers, the Bishop stated that it was sheer humbug to preach love of God unless every nerve was being strained to carry out those charitable works which were an essential part of the Christian gospel.

Bishop Baddeley also told how natives were preforming fine work as doctors, teachers, deacons, and priests in New Hebrides, Solomon Islands and the adjoining territories.

Eclipse Of Sun Seen In Samoa

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, June 16.

A PARTIAL eclipse of the sun was observed in Apia on June 8 between 7 a.m. and 9 a.m. The wireless broadcast describing the total eclipse as seen in the Phoenix Islands was also received in Apia, though only comparatively few radio fans seem to have troubled to tune in to the broadcast description by one of the members of the N.Z. expedition at Canton Island.

Rev. W. E. Moren, of the Anglican Chaplaincy in Apia, sailed from Samoa for New Zealand by the Matua early in June.

Mr. R. B. Carpenter, of W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., sailed from Sydney for New Guinea on a business visit by the Neptuna on June 14.

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Pirates’ Gold

Search For Buried Treasure in French Oceania From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 8.

A N old resident of Tahiti recently brought home a new treasure story from Rurutu Island.

For a long time a tale has been going about Rurutu of a treasure of gold buried long ago by pirates on the Maria Islands —a little group of sandy atolls to the westward where Rurutu people go from time to time to collect coconuts. While the narrator was at Rurutu a party of natives had sailed to the Marias to search for the treasure.

These tidings, however, did not cause a single blood corpuscle to jostle another in the arteries of old treasure-island adventurers at Papeete. The scars on their bodies are eternal reminders of the past and warnings for the future. Even the exciting Hiti Island adventure of 1935 did no more than cause sharp, rheumatic pains in old cicatrices and arouse ribald laughter. The bursting of the South Sea Bubble of Pinakl Island had shocked, gassed, and lacerated them beyond all possibility of forgetfulness.

The Pinaki treasure story was a confection of the most alluring elements of romance and buried gold. Briefly: an ancient mariner befriended in the slums of Sydney; the benefactor later summoned to hospital where the mariner lay dying; the story told in husky whispers of filibusters in a Peruvian revolution; their appointment to convoy a rich treasure looted from the churches; their treason; the spiriting of the treasure to the coast; the hiding of the treasure; the flight of the traitors to Panama; the stealthy boarding of a schooner at night; the murder of her crew and the escape with the vessel from the harbour before dawn; the retrieving of the treasure from its hiding place on the coast of Peru; the sailing into the sunset; the birth of fear lest the news of the piracy at Panama overtake them at Sydney; the burial of the treasure on a lonely atoll; the scuttling of the schooner near the Australian coast; the scattering of the pirates; the sole survivor on his deathbed; and the rrtap.

A perfect story! Everything was there to inflame the brain with visions of untold wealth near at hand to be had for the mere taking. To top it off, someone remembered a story told by an old native of Nukutayaki (the inhabited island adjacent to Pinaki) of how a strange ship had been seen for days at Pinaki.

Curiosity as to what the strangers were about inspired a couple of young men to sail over to investigate. They did not return, and a later expedition from Nukutavaki sent to search for them discovered their murdered bodies on the beach of Pinaki. That was the rivet which completed th£ edifice of belief.

Expedition after expedition was despatched to Pinaki. Treasure-hunters mortgaged their lands to finance the undertakings. The coral sands of Pinaki were trenched from end to end and its lagoon sounded, over its whole area, with drilling instruments. Years were spent in the search.

If the fires of hope cooled from incandescence to cherry red, some mysterious marks would be found carved on one of the reefs to stoke them again to white heat. But all this delving and prodding and pickaxing and drilling revealed not one jewelled crucifix or emerald-encrusted chalice or even a handful of pieces-ofeight. At long last, it became evident that the whole story was an invention.

The man with the map was deported: the expeditions were dismantled; and the adventurers retired to lick their wounds— the disillusion was complete.

The Hiti treasure expedition was hatched in England. The song of the sirens was embodied in an epic written on ancient parchment—an heirloom of an old county family. The story was of a Spanish treasure ship laden with Inca gold; a mutiny; the sailing, again, into the sunset; burial of the treasure on a desert isle—and, of course, a map. The bearings on the map, taken from various small atolls in a compact group in the Tuamotu Archipelago, converged on the island of Hiti.

The affair was planned with consummate skill and even became a matter of negotiation between the foreign offices of governments.

The treasure-hunters duly arrived at Tahiti, clothed themselves with an aura of mystery, and departed stealthily to the east. It soon leaked out, however, that they had landed on Hiti, prodded 29 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Returning to Papeete, the leader embarked for England to gather more funds for the purchase of diving apparatus and materials for constructing the coffer-dam.

He, also, sailed into the sunset, and was never heard of again. The funds collected, if any, may some day be revealed in some mouldy manuscript as buried on a coral island. Or was a new expedition formed to come secretly from the east to lift the treasure ? Perhaps the millions in wedge-shaped ingots of gold really lie among the reefs of Hiti. Who knows ?

So far as the Tahitian adventurers are concerned it may lie there until the ocean runs dry and the sun becomes a burnedout cinder. The gold of Pinaki was the fast pot at the end of the rainbow our dreamers will ever pursue.

Dr. C. M. Dawson, of Apia, who has been spending three months’ holiday in New Zealand, returned to Samoa by the June Matua.

Mr. Robert D. Head, an old established trader and merchant at Alofi, Niue Island, died early in June.

Geoff. Clift—An

APPRECIATION By “SA-SA”

/Geoffrey Edward Clift, Who

in the Solomon Islands early in June, took prominent part in getting together the small force that helped to gather in Basiano and his followers in the Malaita trouble of ’27. It was sheer grit that enabled him to stand up to that rough month in the hills behind Sinerango. His friends will recall his part in the rhyme that the late “Sparks”

Jordan of the Marsina wrote: Around the tropic waters our gallant Geoffrey scoots To help the worried Government, and gather in recruits.

They will remember, too: Poor old Basiano, not a bite or sup.

Not a drop of Dewar’s to keep his pecker up.

Geoff, Clift had the Australian pioneering spirit in his blood. He was a greatgrandson of Samuel Clift, who founded Breeza Station, in 1829, in the then recently discovered Liverpool Plains of N.S.W- His great-great-grandfather was a sergeant in Governor Macquarie’s battalion of the Black Watch that accompanied him to N.S.W. in 1809. This battalion had just been through the Peninsula Campaign, and formed part of the Highland Light Brigade.

With this ancestry, Geoff. Clift, after the outbreak of war, soon found himself in Palestine with the Light Horse, and many an amusing yarn he could tell of those stirring times.

By profession, G. E. Clift was a surveyor, and, in that capacity, was employed by the C.S.R. in Fiji. Hearing good acounts of opportunities to establish plantations in the Solomons, he made the voyage from Fiji about ’OB or 09. in a small vessel returning time-expired native labour to the groups —a ship swarming with natives and “totroaches ”

Afterwards, G.E.C., his brother (who Mr. Geoffrey Clift 30 Pacific- Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

his is what they like m J, I M \ i k* l-.w> FOR WRITE TO-DAY What a sight for hungry people! A big bowl of Foster Clark’s creamy Custard—smooth, rich, deliciously flavoured and full of nourishment.

Mother knows what they like!

Your family will really enjoy Foster Clark’s world - famous Custard.

Make it a regular part of your menu —and see how popular it will be!

Remember that four-fifths of your Custard’s cost is milk. Don’t take risks with inferior Custard Powder.

Always ask for Foster Clark’s Custard, and refuse cheap imitations.

Send your name and address with Id. stamp to Foster Clark (AustA Ltd., Dept. R. 8., Redfern, N.S.W., for your FREE copy of Elizabeth Craig’s Recipe Book. *t.

FSI44 creamy CUSTARD was later killed in action), and his cousin brought with them from Sydney to Tulagi, on the old Moresby, an open sailing skiff. They camped in B.P.’s coal-shed, on Makambo, for a day or bfro, to lay in stores, and sailed off into the blue, and did not turn up again for a couple of months. When one took into consideration the fact that their craft was fitted only for sheltered waters, and was in all respects similar to those “midgets”, one sees under big baloon jibs any Saturday afternoon on Sydney harbour, the feat was a memorable one.

The Government steamer Bellama was getting up steam to search for them, when they turned up. They had bought the island of Fera, on the Ysabel coast, from the natives, and here, about 1910, Geoff. Clift established the main station of Clift and Clift’s three properties.

In the beginning, at Fera, he was sleeping alone in a small native hut, when a party of runaway Malaita-men descended on him. He was bound hand and foot, and gagged with a particularly foul calico that a native had been wearing as a T piece. Geoff, never failed to spit when he came to that part of the yarn, because he had afterwards to gnaw through the calico to get free.

The natives took his sailing boat and most of his gear, and then had a debate about finishing him off before leaving for Malaita. When the boat was loaded, one or other of the natives would dash into the hut to see if anything more, that was portable and valuable, could be found. Geoff- naturally thought that these men had been sent to knock him on the head.

One always connected Geoff, with the Mendana, the graceful ketch he sailed so long and so successfully. The Mend<ma y too. has gone where all good ships go.

The writer can remember being becalmed one blistering day, when the Mendana lay “like a painted ship upon a painted ocean.” Geoff and his friend, Gorringe spent quite a time whistling for a breeze. Eventually, the wind came, and that night we were running before a gale.

I can see Geoff. Clift now, looking up into the wild sky and asking the Almighty “if he hadn’t any sense of moderation.”

To those old comrades of the days “before the war,” to the few of them who are still alive, sayings of Geoff. Clift will live while they live.

In those days, the Solomons held few white people and they were a happy band of brothers. Very few are left now. and another has gone. “Home is the sailor, home from the sea . • .”

Mr. D. W. Hore Lacy, of Rabaul, N.G., will leave Sydney in August for the Far East, en route to Europe and America.

The 30-years-old topsail schooner Firi (formerly Tangavoa ), built for the Pacific Cable Board to carry stores and passengers between Hawaii and Fanning Island, is soon to re-enter regular sea service after seven years’ idleness in New Zealand. Transformed into a fore and aft auxiliary schooner for Messrs. Nobel (A/sia) Pty. Ltd., she will carry cargo and explosives in the trans-Tasman trade.

Mr. Clift on his plantation in B.S.I. 31 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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French Polynesian

SOCIETY Distinguished Institution Celebrates Its 20th Anniversary From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, May 26. nPHE distinguished Polynesian Society of French Oceania, officially known as La Societe D'Etudes Oceaniennes, celebrated the 20th anniversary of its foundation in March of this year.

The first meeting of the Society was held on March 22, 1917, and its organisation was established in an official order dated March 27, 1917, promulgated by His Excellency Monsieur G. Julien, Governor of French Oceania at that time.

The foundation officers were: Honorary president, His Excellency the Governor; president, Monsieur Simon (Chief of the Navigation Service at Papeete); secretary, Monsieur Lucien Sigogne; and treasurer, Monsieur Orsman Walker.

Monsieur Julien, a distinguished savant who had been professor of Oriental Languages at Paris before coming as Governor to French Oceania, took great interest in the new Society. The standard of scholarship he set up and the lines of research he marked out have been those observed by the institution ever since.

A study of the early bulletins issued by the Society discloses some eminent names enrolled as honorary members and honorary corresponding members. Among them are General Lyautey (then Resident General for France in Morocco), Monsieur Maginot (Minister of Colonies), and many others.

Several bulletins have been issued each year, in which much of value in Polynesian research has been published.

Bulletin No. 2, issued in September, 1917, has special historical interest in that it contains a detailed account of the wreck of the German raider See Adler on the island of Mopelia on August 1, 1917; the seizure of the Tahitian schooner Lutece by the Germans as she was approaching the island; and the expedition from Papeete on board the Tiare Taporo (Captain Joseph Winchester) under the command of the Administrator, Monsieur Chazal, which rescued the party left stranded on the isolated atoll.

The museum, library, and administrative offices of the Society have recently been installed in the building formerly used as the residence of the Secretary- General of the Colony. The museum preserves a representative collection of native arts and craftmanship, besides many priceless relics of the early days of the protectorate. The Society is to be congratulated, at its 20th birthday, on Inwing preserved from destruction and oblivion so much of the antiquities of the islands.

The present executive officers of the Polynesian Society are: President, Monsieur *E. Ahnne; and secretary, Monsieur Y. Malarde.

Valuable Book About

New Guinea

THE Secretary of the New Guinea Committee at The Hague, Dr. W. C. Klein, Min. Eng., is the editor of a book in three volumes about Dutch and Australian New Guinea, for which book he found 18 specialists willing to write the various chapters. Some of them know N. Guinea personally ; others were assisted by him with data, gathered on his trip to this island in 1935.

Volume I. was published during Dr. Klein’s trip to New Guinea, and it has chapters and rather extensive English summaries about Exploration, Soil, Climate, Flora, Fauna, Population, Forests and Missions. It has 378 pages, 80 photographs and various maps, and the price is F 8.50, (f 1/3/6 Aust. approx.) bound. The publisher is de Bussy, Rokin 60, Amsterdam.

Vol. 1 was introductory. Vol. 2 appears in August, 1937, and deals with administration, mining, marine products, imports and exports, agriculture, navigation and radio. The price is F 9.50 and the number of pages is 450. Vol. 3 will deal with public health, colonisation by small European farmers, international position, land legislation, aviation, strategical position, labour legislation, and comparison of administration methods in Dutch and British New Guinea. Vol. 3, due in November, will have 350 pages, 80 photographs, an index and one big general map.

Mrs. Haviland, wife of Mr. A. R. Haviland, of the New Guinea Police Force, arrived in Sydney from Rabaul by the Montoro on June 19. .

Mr. Errington- Ford, of Mosman, N.S.W., has announced his intention of sailing from Sydney shortly in a 23ft. sloop for Tahiti, accompanied by his wife.

He has already spent 20 years in the South Seas. 32 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23. 1937

Kidneys must clean acids from you \ blood. m Dr. W. R. GEORGE Former Health Commissioner of Indianapolis Your System is Poisoned And May Cause Getting Up Nights, Nervousness, Leg Pains, and a Run-Down Condition.

Your health, vitality ami energy are extremely dependent upon the proper functioning of your kidneys. This is easy to understand when you learn that each kidney, although only the size of your clenched fist, contains 4h million linv, delicate tubes or filters.

Your blood circulates through these tiny filters 200 times an hour, night and day. Nature provides this method of removing acids, poisons, and toxins from your blood.

Causes Many Ills Dr. Walter R. George, many years Health Commissioner of Indianapolis, recently stated: "Most people do not realise this, but the kidneys probably are the most remarkable organs in the entire human anatomy. Their work is just as important and just as vital to good health as the work of the heart.

As Health Commissioner of the City of Indianapolis for many years and as medical director for a large insurance company. I have had opportunity to observe that a surprisingly high percentage of people are devitalised, rundown. nervous, tired, and worn-out because of poorly functioning kidneys.”

If your kidneys slow down and do not function properly and fail to remove approximately 3 pints of Acids.

Toisons. and liquids from your blood every 2 4 hours, then there is a gradual accumulation of these Acids and Wastes, and slow'ly, but surely, your system becomes poisoned, making you feel old before your time, rundown and worn out.

Many other troublesome and painful symptoms are caused by Kidney and Bladder Troubles, such as Getting Up Nights. Nervousness, Leg Pains, Dizziness. Frequent Headaches and Colds.

Rheumatism. Swollen Joints, Circles Under Eyes, Backaches, Loss of Vitality, Burning, Itching, Smarting and Acidity.

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Put it to the test today. Under the guarantee you must feel younger, stronger, and better than you have in a long time —you must feel that Cystex has done the work thoroughly and completely, or you merely return the empty package and it costs noth ing. You are the sole judge of your own satisfaction. You can’t afford to take chances with cheap, inferior, or irritating drugs or any medicine that is not good enough to be guaranteed.

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Dutch And British

New Guinea

Boundary Line Defined THE boundary between Dutch New Guinea and the Mandated Territory of New Guinea has been officially redefined. The boundary line is the 141st meridian of east longtitude, but some time ago the Netherlands authorities said that the position of the meridian as shown by a Dutch survey completed in 1930, in which the most modern scientific methods were used, differed from the position as ascertained and marked as the result of a German survey in 1896-99 In August, 1933, observations were taken by Dutch survey officers and checked by an Australian official surveyor and an inscribed monument was placed on the ground on the North Coast.

After consultations between the Commonwealth Government, the Dominions Office, and the Foreign Office, notes were exchanged with the Netherlands authorities, in which it was agreed that the boundary between the two territories shall continue to be the 141st meridian, and that the meridian for all time shall be deemed to be a line running true north and true south of the monument.

B.P. Extend To Phoenix Group From Our Own Correspondent APIA, June 16.

THE auxiliary schooner Makoa. owned by Messrs. Burns Philp (S.S.) Co.

Ltd., returned recently from Fiji after a thorough overhaul and repainting. The largest vessel of local registry, she looks quite a smart and trim boat now.

She left a few weeks ago for Swain’s Island, the Tokelau Group, and the Phoenix Islands, in which latter group B.P. & Co. are starting operations.

Carpenters from Apia travelled aboard the Makoa to erect dwellings and copra sheds on Hull Island. Labour for the 300 acres of coconut groves in bearing will be recruited in the Tokelaus to work the plantations on Sydney and Hull Islands.

The coconut crop should normally be between 180 and 200 tons a year.

Mr. J. W. Jones, until recently on the staff of the Mulifanua Plantation, of the N.Z.R.E., and a popular member of Apia’s younger set, has been appointed manager of the new B.P. enterprise in the Phoenix Group. He sailed on the Makoa. taking with him a small motor-launch, and a powerful radio set which will enable him to keep in touch with the outside world. (It is reported elsewhere that the “Makoa” was wrecked, at the end of June.) Mr. D. A. Butler, manager for the Union Steam Ship Co. in Samoa, returned to Apia with his family after furlough by the Wairuna in June, Mr. R. B. Barnes arrived in Sydney from Rabaul, New Guinea, by the Montoro on June 19. He was taken to Sydney Hospital suffering from blood-poisoning. 33 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Cows Have A Long Trip

VI/HEN the Montoro sailed from Cairns **for New Guinea on May 19, she carried 10 Illawarra-Shorthorn cattle for Mr. Jack Kane’s dairy herd at Bulolo.

Unfortunately, the steamer’s enforced delay at Rabaul, caused by the volcanic disturbance, made it imperative that the beasts should be landed it they were to survive, as already they had suffered much from heat and sea-sickness. Although the loss was expected to be more, only one calf died (born on board) and all ten cattle were left grazing at Kokopo, near the refugee town, until other arrangements could be made for their transport to Lae, Thence, they will go to Bulolo by aeroplane.

Solomons News

Visit of High Commissioner for Western Pacific From Our Own Correspondent TULAGI, June 18.

OIR ARTHUR RICHARDS, K.C.M.G., High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, will visit the Solomon Islands in H.M.S. Leith in July. Present arrangements are that the Leith will remain at Tulagi while His Excellency visits the various parts of the group, including the goldfields, aboard the Kurimarau.

Such visits afford an opportunity for people to indicate thqir loyalty to the Empire; but in the past, visits of High Commissioners have not resulted in the office in Suva showing much interest, understanding, or concern for the welfare of the Solomons. We hope that in this new reign, with a new Commissioner, the future will show some improvement in the treatment we get from Fiji.

A new facility, much appreciated by residents, is an arrangement for transmission of letters by air-mail. Of course, there is no direct air service from the Solomons, but letters can now be sent to Australia or elsewhere to catch the first available air service on to the destination. Hitherto it was necessary to enclose letters for transmission by air to be reposted in Sydney or some other centre, and this has not always been convenient. The slight extra charge for this service is nothing as against the convenience of it.

Those interested in local shipping, particularly owners and “masters” of the mosquito fleet, are all on end over a draft navigation regulation, which is as serious as it is funny. Sandwiched in among a lot of more or less useless clauses, are some rather helpful ones, evidently overlooked by the sponsors of the new regulation.

Since the bad “Nor-west season,” a plague of sandflies has infested plapes that hitherto were free from them, and places previously bad are now infinitely worse. One can cope with mosquitoes, but the insidious sandfly is almost beyond human treatment!

Samoan Farmers' Fatal

QUARREL From Our Own Correspondent.

APIA, June 5.

TWO Samoan farmers, Sin and Joani. met at a taro patch near the village of Saluafata, and quarrelled about land ownership. Then they fought. Joani wounded Siu, and Siu attacked Joani with a large cane knife, and literally hacked him to pieces. The two young children of Joani witnessed the occurence, A jury of four found that Siu, acting under strong provocation, was guilty of manslaughter. He was sentenced by Chief Judge Morling to seven years’ imprisonment. 34 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23. 19 3 7

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The Terror Of The Eruption

Rabaul Journalist Describes His Experiences When "Black-out" Occurred By GORDON THOMAS , Editor of The Rahaul Times.

I WAS toying with my dish of tea on the verandah on Saturday afternoon.

May 29, when the murmur of excited voices came to me from a distance. The clanging of the fire-bell and the blowing of ships’ sirens, and the distant boom of loud explosions all added to the excitement.

Looking up, I saw people running towards the foreshore. One never runs in Rabaul —normally. Something had happened. From somewhere came the word that an eruption had occurred. Then I saw clouds of smoke and dust rising high in the sky.

After a hasty arrangement to meet my wife on the North Coast, I jumped into the car and made for the wireless station which is situated on the foreshore.

Crowds had gathered to watch the phenomenon, excited voices filled the air in concert with the distant booming the explosion. “What will happen?” “What should one do?” were the questions asked —and left unanswered.

After a survey of the situation I scribbled out a press message and handed it to the operator, who was vainly trying to raise the outside world, which seemed cut off by the stupendous atmospheric disturbance. With a prayer that he would send my press at the first possible opportunity I left the operator standing by his key and motored quickly back to the house in search of my wife.

I found that she had already departed with Mr. and Mrs. Furter—l assumed, to the North Coast, for that was the safety zone suggested to us by the late E. R.

Stanley, the well-known geologist, in the event of any eruption.

Earlier in the afternoon I had motored my niece and a friend to Ravuvu, the popular bathing resort, which is situated about two miles from the town, along the Kokopo road, and not far distant from the outbreak on Vulcan Island. I pictured the two women panic-stricken, and marooned there, so I “stepped on the gas” and made for the resort.

I passed natives hurrying in the opposite direction, and a few cars. High overhead hung the white-brown cloud, towering ever upwards; repeated explosions boomed away at intervals. I remember seeing a couple of willy-wagtails flitting about the telephone wires, and thinking that it could not be very serious for bird life was still in evidence.

Ravuvu was deserted. After calling several times, and receiving no answer, Photograph taken from deck of the “Golden Bear,” in Rabaul Harbour, a few moments after Vulcan exploded, at 4.20 p.m. on May 29. Within 30 minutes, this column of steam and ashes had spread all over the countryside, to the north. 35 ■Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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I turned the car and speeded for the town.

Hardly had I left Ravuvu behind, when I saw before me a brown dust-cloud blotting out the road. On I speeded, with lamps switched on, but the brown dustcloud became • intense blackness.

The road was blotted out, I slowed down, felt the car strike the ditch, and swerved to regain the road. For a short way, I was able to keep to .the highway.

Dust and small pebbles were falling everywhere, my eyes were filled with minute particles, my face and hair covered.

Suddenly the car bumped into the ditch again, and rested at an angle which I knew was impossible for me to right.

I switched off the lights and batteries and stumbled out on to the roadway.

Tying a handkerchief about my mouth I commenced walking slowly through the blackness. It was so dark that I could not see the proverbial hand before my face. It was like walking in a snowstorm; but, instead of snow, clean and refreshing, it was dust and dirt and stones, with a sickly heat, that fell upon me.

Several times I lost the road, and on my hands and knees I found it again— or thought I had. I found I was mistaken, for suddenly out of the blackness, right in front of me, I heard the “tweet-tweet” of small chicks and the mother-hen clucking reassuringly.

I searched the blackness with my outstretched hands, and found the wirenetting of a hen-coop. This certainly could not be the main road, I thought; or was it a lorry, with a hen-coop aboard?

I called out into the blackness. From close at hand a voice answered: “Help!

Help!!” From another direction came a halloo, and then the flash of an electric torch.

Never was a light so welcome! I shouted again, and in a moment, two American sailors from the Golden Bear had joined me. Excitedly, they each grabbed one of my hands and started to walk at right angles to the road—or so I thought. I demurred. I wanted to stay on the road, I told them, and wrenched myself free. They argued excitedly, with repeated “Come, let’s go!” But I felt safer by myself, and so remained. One sailor thrust a pair of diving glasses into my hands and said; “Good luck, Bo! and we separated.

After I had been stumbling about amongst coconut palm trunks, for a few minutes, the blackness changed to dark brown; landmarks became discernible; and I found I was not far from the main road, near the road leading down to the Toboi wharf.

Regaining the main road, I stumbled on, trying to breathe only through my nose. I passed several natives, coming from Rabaul, and I warned them of the hohotoi (blackness) ahead, but they rdodded on, indifferent to my warning.

A white man approached me. walking ■ iftly; he was looking for his wife, whom he had left at Ravuvu. I told him there was no one there, and of the “blackout” in between; but he pressed onwards I reached the radio transmitting station. where the man in charge was vainly trying to get more power from the electric light station. I asked him for a drink, and then regretted it. He had worries of his own. and there was a tank, so I stooped down at the tap and washed mv mouth free of the dust and grit, and then swallowed deep draughts of welcome water.

The cloud was passing, and the light was equal to late twilight. A car came speeding from Rabaul and turned un the Ratavul Road: small parties of natives were scurrying along, their lavalavus thrown over their heads to protect them from the dust; others carried banana leaves. And all the time, from the distance, came the booming of the explosions. ■Mv main idea was to make for the North Coast, where I exnected to find my wife. Where, exactly. I did not know: but, somewhere in the back of my mind.

I had the idea that in the vicinity of the 36 Pacific Islands Monthly. July 23. 19 3 7

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So off I started, refreshed from my recent drink. The uphill climb was strenuous, but the air was clearer as I trudged higher; a party of hurrying native boys passed me. I envied them their strong lungs and capacity for speedy climbing.

Half-way up the hill, the light grew less. There was a breeze blowing—and suddenly the whole world seemed blotted out again. Once again I was enveloped in a “black-out.” I joined hands with those natives and kept going, walking on slowly into the blackness.

Beside the roadside we could hear the murmur of praying natives: “A Tcalou Una belaure avet, via Una talue mule pire avet a kapa. ,f (0 God, protect us and send us light again.) From some spots came the crooning music of hymns. It was an eerie sound, coming from out of the darkness, and for a moment I compared those terrified natives with the early Christians, gathered together in the centre of a Roman arena, awaiting the coming of the wild beasts to devour them.

We stopped at one group of singers, and I asked if they did not have any bom-boms with which to make a flare.

But, though I spoke in the native dialect, I received no answer—only the continued singing of hymns by* men, women and children in unison.

The native whose hand I was holding seemed to become impatient and restless.

I could feel that he was anxious for me to release my hold, but I clung on. It was better for three or four to walk together than to be singly stepping out into this blackness. But the native succeeded in his desire and, with a forceful tug, he freed himself and passed into the blackness, with his comrades.

Simultaneously, the hymn - singing ceased, and I found myself alone. I do not think I have ever felt so lonely in my life, standing there in the middle of the road a dense blackness all about me, choking volcanic dust raining down upon me, with grit in my eyes, nose and mouth. In the bush, every now and then, the crash of falling trees; from back in the bay, the incessant booming of the volcano; and a fearful uncertainty of what would or could happen.

Suddenly the air became charged with sulphur fumes; it was sickly warm. This, I thought, was the beginning of the end.

At any rate, one might as well go out comfortably, so I squatted in the roadway and lit a cigarette. Its glow was comforting; the tobacco calmed my nerves.

From out of the blackness somewhere there came a native woman, asking for a light for her cigarette.

It may have been five or ten minutes that the sulphur lasted; but it seemed at least an hour, and then the “black-out” lifted once again and. coming up behind me, a party of natives trudged along with a hurricane lantern. What a blessing! I joined this party and on we struggled.

Blackness descended again; trees crashed in the bush; always, the incessant sound of falling stones upon the leaves. Lights from buildings pierced the blackness, and the natives told me it was the Vlavolo Mission. It was to this sanctuary that the natives were going.

I glanced inside the church —it was filled with chanting natives. In the sacristy, the Father and two Sisters, and some other natives had gathered. It was here I knocked and, after some delay, gained admission. I explained the search for my wife, that I had lost my way in the blackness, and could I have a lantern. The goodness of this Father will never be forgotten. He supplied me with 37 Pacific Islands Monthly. July 23, 1937

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With his invitation to return and stay the night if I found it impossible to proceed, I went out into the blackness once again. It was 6.30 p.m. when I left the Mission. I had been staggering through “black-outs” for about 1J hours. It seemed a life-time. On I went, the lantern casting ghastly shadows on fallen trees and dust-covered shrubs and banana plants.

After walking for about 15 minutes I saw the headlights of a car. I signalled as it approached, and it stopped. It was Mr. Beaton, the new proprietor of Roberts’

Garage and with him were his wife, Mr.

Brereton, the Chinese cook, and the pet fox-terrier. Enquiries told me there was no hope of finding my wife on the North Coast, so I accepted their offer to return to Rabaul.

The trip over the Ratavul Pass was uneventful. The “black-outs” had ceased.

But the most vivid lightning, and the loud crashes of thunder, made the night terrible to live in. It was, indeed, reminiscent of France in the War during heavy bombardment.

On gaining my home at 8 p.m., I wrote a message to my wife with my finger in the dust on the dining room table. The dust was about half an inch thick. Three days later I returned to the house, and found that the writing had scarcely any dust on it, indicating that the eruption from the Matupi crater (which occurred on the Sunday afternoon —the day after the first eruption) did not affect the interior of the houses.

Walking along Mango Avenue on that Saturday night was like passing down a street which had been struck by a cyclone: fallen tree branches, borne down by the weight of the dust, were everywhere blocking the road. Here and there, street lights still shone and showed that everything was covered in a mantle of grey dust. I went to the Post Office and there found intact the telephone line to Namanula hospital where, sitting anxiously waiting for some word of me, was my wife. To Namanula I proceeded and there spent the night.

4-Acres Blocks On

Sunday Island

A N Auckland syndicate is preparing to sell shares at £4O each, each share entitling the holder to four acres of land on Sunday Island, in the Kermadec group (between New Zealand and Tonga).

Sunday Island is a very pleasant and fertile place, but it is isolated and difficult of access by steamers. There is not even a protected anchorage. The N.Z.

Minister for Lands (Mr. Langstone, who led the “goodwill mission” to Samoa last year) has issued a “public warning” against the syndicate because there is “little chance of direct communication” with the island. One cannot escape the reflection that Sunday Island is not a bit more isolated than scores of other Pacific islands where Europeans live quite happily.

In Isolated Vanua Levu

A FAREWELL dinner and dance was tendered in May to Mr. W. Cameron, an esteemed and popular member of the staff of the Mt. Kasi Goldmine, Fiji, on the eve of his departure for Australia.

Speeches were made by the general manager (Major Peterson), Mr. Cameron and the chairman (Mr. J. Price, jnr.).

The chorus of “For He’s a Jolly Good Fellow” was heard many times. A party of Savu Savu East folk arrived and the dance that followed was voted the best that the goldmine village has known. The pretty frocks of the girls, the general happy atmosphere and the litling rhythm of the Mt. Kasi string band, all contributed to an enjoyable occasion.

Items were given by Miss L. Guibreteau, Mr. J. Price, and Vara Sika, a Fijian, who performed a very clever knife dance.

Pleasant social gatherings such as this would be greatly facilitated if only roads and motor cars and other amenities of life were available in this neglected district. —Contributed.

Professor Kirke, of the Department of Anthropology, Los Angeles University, U.S.A., who has been doing research work in Torres Strait and North Australia, spent several weeks at Thursday Island in June.

Mrs. Andrew Kelly, wife of Mr. A. J.

Kelly, solicitor, of Rabaul, arrived in Sydney from New Guinea by the June Montoro. 38 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, I 9 3 7

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Why Tahiti Does Not Cheer From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 8.

ANOTHER “man against the sea” has appeared at Papeete in the person of Monsieur Bernicot. He navigated his craft—a smart, trim 30ft. sloop named Afuihita —from France via the Straits of Magellan, stopping en route at the Argentine and at the Gambier Islands.

If Monsieur Bernicot were like some of these sea adventurers —which he decidedly is not —he would be pained and grieved because a guard of honour was not turned out, a salute of 21 guns fired and the freedom of the city bestowed upon him in celebration of his daring exploit. An earlier round-the-world navigator, who writes books, became very peevish because these honours were not conferred upon him. When he arrived home and wrote the saga of his voyage htf devoted some pages of his masterpiece to some very unkind and caustic remarks about the blindness and indifference at Tahiti to genius and distinction.

These heroes should not take the matter too much at heart. The truth is that we are in somewhat the same position as the crowds at agricultural fairs, in the presence of repeated acts by parachute jumpers. At the first performance they are thrilled; at the second, interested; at the, third, bored; until finally a dozen parachute artists cannot draw their attention from the two-headed calf or the prize pumpkin of the year’s competition.

We have seen all these lone navigators who have braved the dangers of the Seven Seas in flimsy boats, and our capacity to raise a temperature over their exploits is atrophied because of over indulgence. These brave and most agreeable gentleman should not blame us. We rejoice to see them; we admire their achievements, and when we bid them bon voyage we wish their safe arrival to civic welcomes, medals, loving cups, blowing whistles and literary success with all the goodwill in the world.

Fijian Pastors For Darwin

TWO Fijian natives, Verenike Veitara- * givanua and Meli Tukai, accompanied by their wives, arrived in Sydney from Suva, Fiji, by the Aorangi in June.

Verenike is a teacher and Meli an ordained minister. They then left Sydney by the Merkur on their way to Northern Australia, where they will engage in work for the Methodist Overseas Mission.

Their main activities will be in Darwin and nearby islands, and especially the Crocodolie group.

The Fijian pastors brought with them considerable quantities of Fijian food and plants, and will endeavour, in the growing of yams and other native plants and by applying better agricultural methods, to increase the output of native foods grown in Darwin.

Former Gilberts’ Official

May Return From Africa

From a Special Correspondent OCEAN IS., June 4.

IT is reported here that Mr. H. E.

Maude, M.A., who was transferred last year to Zanzibar, East Africa, after serving as Administrative Officer in the Gilbert and Ellice group for some years, is to return to these islands in a senior official capacity at an early date.

This is a move which will give much satisfaction to all concerned, for Mr.

Maude had been engaged for some time prior to his departure on the compilation of a comprehensive history of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony, with very full notes on the ethnography of the native peoples. His return in the near future will no doubt enable him to complete this task. Mr. Maude is a keen student of native affairs and history in the Pacific.

Mr. R. H. Corney, labour inspector for the British Phosphate Commissioners at Ocean Island, arrived in Melbourne in June en route to New Zealand on* furlough. 39 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, (937

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PINEAPPLES New Major Industry For Fr. Oceania From Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, June 12. nPHE pineapple canning industry promises to become. a major factor in the commerce of French Oceania, if present prospects come to fruition.

Some months ago a sample shipment of 400 cases of pineapples canned at Papeete was despatched to France. The reports, now arrived, have been so favourable that preparations are being made for large scale production.

The Tahiti pineapple has long been celebrated for the flavour, fragrance, and the fine texture of its substance. It contains so much natural sugar that in canning there is no necessity to add canesugar to the syrup. The sunny hillsides of Tahiti, Raiatea, and Huahine are ideal for the growth of pineapples, ami large areas are being cleared and planted with the fruit.

Machinery for preparing the pineapples for canning is being installed in the stone building on the Papeete waterfront —once the headquarters of the defunct P.C.P.C. (Pacific Coconut Products Company). It is expected that by November (when the crop matures) canning operations will be in full swing.

Heavy orders from Europe are already at hand, and the future of the enterprise is manifestly assured.

Rush For Coronation Stamps

From Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, June 2.

THE Chief Postmaster reports that for two days after the first day of issue (May 18) there were 1,500,000 New Guinea stamps sold, representing a value of £32,000. It is expected that the issue will be available for several months.

The number of orders received from overseas necessitated a special staff being employed registering, cancelling and despatching them to all parts of the world.

Long queues waited at the post office on the first day of issue, to obtain- “firstday” covers.

From Our Own Cori’espondent.

PORT MORESBY, June 5.

THE special Papuan commemorative postage stamps for the Coronation were on sale throughout the Territory qn May 14. They are a complete departure in style from any other stamps issued in Papua.

So great has been the demand for these stamps from overseas, that the post office authorities have had to radio fon further supplies, to keep up with the orders of enthusiastic philatelists.

Mrs. Prior, wife of Mr. W. B. Prior, of the New Guinea Police Force, arrived in Sydney from Rabaul by the June Montoro. 40 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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, fn 3“ ■rn I? c =7 Asiatic Labour Should It Be Introduced In New Guinea?

Letter to the Editor DURING the recent sitting of the Legislative Council in Rabaul, one of the members, Mr. McLennan, spoke on the desirability of Asiatic immigration into the Territory, quoting from the report of Major Ainsworth who, I believe, visited New Guinea about 1924.

Major Ainsworth admitted that the then Chinese residents in Rabaul were not all that they should be, either from an efficiency or an economic standpoint.

But he thought that more efficiency and much lower charges would be obtained from them by the competition of unrestricted Asiatic immigration. Mr. Mc- Lennan endorsed Major Ainsworth’s report and seemed to infer that competition, through the introduction of Asiatic labour, would be the life of trade. Mr.

McLennan, in his address, said that the position of some junior Government officials could be more efficiently and much more cheaply filled by Asiatic labour.

Now, if this Territory were allowed a free hand in the introduction of Asiatic labour, what would be the result? As the Councillor has pointed out, the junior Government positions would be filled by Asiatics and it is quite apparent that European plantation managers and all skilled artisans would be dispensed with for cheaper labour. Last, and not the least, the mining interests on the New Guinea goldfields would have a free hand, and they would see that Australian and British miners took a back seat on their paysheets!

The same kind of argument was put forward by the mining interests in the Transvaal after the last South African war, with the result that many thousands of Chinese were employed on the Transvaal gold mines. But the heaven-sent blessing of Asiatic labour in the Transvaal did not have the desired result, and the experiment in new fields of economic adventure was a failure, and the Chinese vanished from the fields. Still, Johannesburg lives and the Rand mines still pay a dividend.

On the question of Asiatic immigration to New Guinea, what; would be the position of Japan? Would Japan get the foothold she so much desires in New Guinea? After reading your very interesting article in January on “The Thrusting Power of Japan,” the stand that Japan would take if this Territory was open to het people, is apparent.

Would Mr. McLennan and his supporters in Rabaul welcome Japanese immigration to this Territory? Some may say that such a thing is impossible, but I venture the opinion that what happened in the Hawaiian Islands and California could and would happen in New Guinea.

With the European situation as it is, and with Japan pressing southwards in the Pacific and trying to get a footing in the Dutch East Indies, this would not be for the good of Australia and the British Empire. J !

May Australia stand fast to the ideals of her immigration laws, even if it is against the wishes of Mr. McLennan and vested interests in the Territory.

I am, etc., TERRITORIAL.

Morobe, T.N.G.,

Election In New Hebrides

THE election of members of the French Economic Consultative Commission in the New Hebrides took place on June 20 The roll of voters, who comprise planters, pastoralists, merchants, and industrialists, and the managers of such establishments, closed on April 30.

Record Pacific Phosphate

PRODUCTION THE operations of the British Phosphate Commission at Nauru and Ocean Islands have resulted in a record output of more than 1,000,000 tons of phosphate for this financial year, according to Mr. A. F. Ellis, New Zealand representative on the Board of Commissioners. The previous record was 860,000 tons, last year.

The demand for phosphate from Australia and New Zealand has increased greatly, and a further rise in production is expected.

Mr. E. H. R. Paul, of the Administration staff, Nauru Island, arrived in Melbourne early in June. 41 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 193?

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Activity In Dutch New Guinea

Article and maps supplied by Dr. W. C. Klein, of the New Guinea Committee, The Hague, under date April, 1937.

T i HE map on the adjoining page shows * the extent of Government influence in both halves of the vast island of New Guinea.

In the Dutch half, it has rapidly increased in the last two years, as shown by the thick horizontal line marking new posts. We can now boast of two stations in the interior, Tanah Merah and Amaroe, and both can be visited by seaplanes of the navy.

These planes have now been stationed permanently in the Moluccas and often carry Government officers on their trips.

The seaplane - bases in Dutch New Guinea were constructed by the Netherlands New Guinea Petroleum Co., and are used by their two Sikorsky amphibian planes, introduced for accurate photographic, topographic, and geologic mapping of the 10 mill. ha. (40,00 square miles) of oil concession area.

The company, in which American, British, and Dutch capital is represented, has very liberally agreed to cede its maps to the Government, which uses them for studying the native population in the interior, the best roads of access, the occurrence of forests of economic value, etc. For the latter purpose a forestry officer is stationed at Manokwari.

The two new aerodromes on the Dutch side are more extensive than the average Australian aerodrome. High speed planes like De Hatfilland Dragon Rapide can land there. The oil area is being intensely patrolled for the purpose of geological surveys and shallow drilling.

In the gold concession, of about 25,000 sq. miles, though as yet not surveyed in detail from the air, the first prospecting patrols have also started. The gold company, the Mining Co. for Netherlands New Guinea, is Dutch-British.

Another important application for a big gold concession has been launched, but no further news is available up to this moment.

Chinese merchants have for many years exported forest products and copra, but up till now only one company (Japanese) is engaged (since 1933) in forest exploitation and agricultural pursuits.

The Japanese obtained some 500 ha. for cotton growing, but more will be granted, if they work to the satisfaction of the Government. At present about 25 Japanese (males) are resident in Dutch New Guinea.

The creation of an entirely Dutch enterprise that will devote itself to forest exploitation, agriculture and trade is under consideration. Those members of the New Guinea Committee, who hold a leading position in the banking, shipping, agriculture, and export-business of the Netherlands East Indies will probably provide the necessary funds. Consequently it may happen that very soon every branch of economic exploration 42 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Before the depression two Dutch export companies were working in Merauke and one German company on the north coast.

Apart from the recent arrival of navy planes to assist in the opening up of Dutch New Guinea, two fast boats will be stationed, each in a well-chosen harbour, to patrol along the very long Dutch New Guinea coastline. Manokwari will probably obtain a military garrison. Police detachments are already stationed in all the posts mentioned on the map.

The second (smaller) map shows the area of the air-survey proposed by the New Guinea Committee. It covers the whole of the interior of the vast eastern half of Dutch New Guinea not covered by existing oil and gold concessions, an area about which only very rough geographical data are available. After the completion of the air-survey, ground expeditions should check up the data obtained, of course assisted by planes.

The Committee stresses the point that these expeditions should he very complete, therefore not purely soieriiific, but also of an administrative and economic character, for which purpose officers of the civil and forestry services, and also mining men, should join them.

The recent ascent of Mt. Carstensz (16,800 feet) by three Europeans under the leadership of Dr. A. H. Colijn (son of our Prime Minister) has shown again that the use of planes can facilitate ground expeditions considerably. The. 43 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

>FEUERHAND< HURRICANE LANTERNS £ \ w ee « 1 If (5 >s 5* rHii S.w s and many other types of varied shape and style!

Sole Agent for the South Sea and New Guinea: CARL AUG. DOCKE BREMEN/germany Exporter of all goods, suitable for the Islands trade Importer of any kind of Island Produce Correspondence invited results have taught us that if aviation is used also for the supply of food to the surface-expeditions, following the air reconnaissance, a bigger number of Europeans than usual in such circumstances can join the parties and much less carriers are required.

The area shaded by horizontal lines is the first to come into consideration for ground-expeditions. It is already known that its population is relatively dense, and recently a lake has been discovered in its centre by the Netherlands Indian Airways, that carried out extensive mapping work for the oil interests. This lake, which has a length of 15 km., may serve as a base both for a cursory air survey of the interior and for the following surface expeditions.

A New Papeete

From Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, June 14. \ NEW Papeete is rapidly growing on a site to the eastward of the oid town.

The sugar plantation at Fariipiti (within the city boundaries) was abandoned some years ago as a plantation, and roads were cut through the property.

The land was divided into parcels which have been bought by residents wishing to escape from the congestion of the old settlement.

Many new houses have been erected— mostly of the bungalow type—each surrounded by well-kept lawns and gardens.

The borders of the avenues have been planted with flowering trees, and in time, this new section will be a veritable garden spot.

Norfolk Island Knows the News Now VI/’HEN, a year or so ago, the Norfolk Island Times, the vigorous little newspaper conducted by Mrs. J. Bruce and Mr. A. W. Thomas, was being effectively strangled by red tape, Norfolk Island residents complained bitterly and cited the traditions of a “free press.”

The Ordinances relating to the publication of newspapers on N.I. were not relaxed, however, and the Times went out of existence.

Early this year the regulations were modified slightly, and, as a result, the N.I. Weekly commenced publication under the editorship of Mr. B. Grubb.

In the first issue, setting forth the policy of the paper, Mr, Grubb announced that it would “keep readers in touch with local and overseas news, as well as providing a channel through which they might express their individual opinions and grievances directly to the public.”

A section of the paper is in the nature of an official gazette, containing particulars of Government notices and information of the activities of the Administration. This part is supplied by the official staff and is issued under the authority of the Administrator. It also incorporates a resume of news of the world obtained from Australian and N.Z. broadcasts.

In appearance, the N.I. Weekly is similar to the defunct Times. It is printed by a duplicator on newsprint, and the sheets are neatly stitched together at the top.

American Expedition For

Dutch New Guinea

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 2, npHE schooner Ghiva, a 60-foot diesel auxiliary vessel from Philadelphia, recently arrived at Tahiti, via Panama Canal and the Galapagos Islands. She carried the Denison-Crockett Expedition under the auspices of the Philadelphia Academy of Science.

This party is headed for Dutch New Guinea where it will carry on research fox a year.

Members of the expedition are: Mrs.

Crockett (anthropologist for the Peabody Museum at Harvard University), Mr. Dillon Ripley (ornithologist, who will collect birds, plants and crustaceans for the Philadelphia Museum), Mr. Crockett (photographer, who will make cinema records of the expedition for a lecture tour), and Mrs. Lowndes (journalist).

Also on board were a sailing master, a cook, and one seaman.

The Ghiva made the voyage to Tahiti successfully and without incident. It was found, however, that she required extensive repairs, which delayed her at Papeete for some weeks.

Sister I. L. Lawrence, of Brunswick, Victoria, sailed from Melbourne for Suva by the Monterey on June 21. She is a nurse at the Dudley Orphanage conducted by the Methodist Mission at Bulkislia, Fiji. 44 Pacific Islands Monthly, July £3, 1937

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The Boy-King Of Tahiti

And His Treaty

By W. W. Bolton, M.A.

PART II.

ANOINTED and crowned, the little lad Pomare 111. had his freedom till five years were notched against him, when he was borne off to school at Afareaitu (Moorea), where his father and mother had lived and his baby elder brother, i’ina, lay in his grave.

English was to be a second mother tongue to him, in addition to his studies in the three R’s. He was a schoolboy now and there would doubtless have been nought to go on record as worthy of remembrance but for an incident into which he was all innocently drawn to play a part that might well have ended in international trouble. Out of it, however, a treasure came, a letter written and signed in his boyish hand, which makes up in some measure for the absence of his likeness which no amount of search, locally and in two continents, has found.

In 1826 Commander Jones, of the United States sloop-of-war Peacock, appeared at the Society Islands and at Raiatea endeavouring to arrange a treaty of trade between that group and his country. In the person of Rev. John Williams, he met a determined opponent.

With him it was “All England,” and as he wielded immense influence with the chiefs in that cluster of islands Commander Jones gave up the attempt.

He turned, therefore, to the Georgian Islands and sailed to Tahiti with hopes of finding a kindlier welcome.

Through the courtesy of the Mitchell Library, Sydney, the following extract from The Australian newspaper for March 10, 1827, in which a long letter appears from a correspondent at the Society Island of Huahine, dated January 16, 1827, states the matter of the Peacock's visit very pomt’edly. It reads: ‘‘Uncle Jonathan has an idea that these islands, with their matchless harbours and abundance, would be a very fine thing for his ships to run to in case of war . . . He has accordingly tried a piece of cunning with the Tahitian chiefs to get them to place America on the same footing with the most favoured nation, and to pledge themselves to protect their ships in case of being followed by any enemy into these ports . . .

“The sloop-of-war Peacock came to Tahiti with this object, whose commander, Captain Jones, a very quiet kind of a man, first anchored here, then there . . . till he met with a missionary whom he could mould and handle to his purpose whilst not divulging his project to the rest. Such a man he found -whose vanity was greater than his judgment and prudence, and who, imposed upon by sophisticated constructions of what he knew nothing about and had no business with, induced two chiefs and the young king to sign the instrument which will probably breed a serious difference between England and America.”

The treaty was drawn up and signed either at the South Sea Academy or on board the Peacock in the offing of Afareaitu, for no word of it had reached Tahiti till it went to the Regent for confirmation. It caused no little consternation and flurry in official circles in Papeete, and at the British Consulate, where Vice-Consul Elley was holding the post during the absence at Honolulu of h.s chief, Captain Charlton, it greatly disturbed that gentleman.

It was felt by one and all that it might give great offence to Great Britain whence all looked as the source of their comfort and security. There was but one thing to be done: to repudiate it wholesale; and Commander Jones was so informed without any mincing of words.

But this “very quiet kind of a man” had not yet done with Royalty. If the boy king’s signature was no good, the little lad himself was not be cast aside. It was not every day that the Commander consorted with kings or that the Peacock spread its sails to carry Royalty. The next scene is shown us in the following excerpt from the daily journal of Rev.

W. P. Crook, dated August 30, 1826: “I proceeded by boat to Wilks’ Harbour (Papeete, of to-day) to Brother Pritchard’s. Brother Orsmond had just arrived on board the Peacock with the young king, and a number of cannon were fined on the occasion.”

Commander done'’ was having a “royal” time indeed. What the six-yearold schoolboy thought of it all is left to conjecture. The tutor saw to the good 45 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Contractors to H.M. and Foreign Governments. Bentley's Code, and ABC Code ith and sth Editions. Telegraphic Address: “WASTOCK,” Manchester. manners alike with the studies of his charge, and accordingly on August 31 the boy paid a formal visit to the Peacock and its commander to give thanks for a fine trip and holiday. This brings the cordial commander upon the scene for the last time.

He was sailing away from Tahitian waters and would probably not again see this mite of Royalty, so he penned a farewell letter a few hours before anchor was weighed. These following extracts are from the remarkable epistle, written be it noted not on his own paper but evidently borrowed from his friend, Brother Orsmond. for it has the British Crown as its watermark and the date of issue 1825: U.S. Sloop-of-war Peacock , Papeete, September, 1, 1826.

“ . . . I congratulate myself on having the first ship of war belonging to the United States of North America which has ever visited the Kingdom of Tahiti, and return you my sincere thanks for the honour you have conferred upon me by your visit to the Peacock this day. . . . King Pomare, it is with the deepest interest I contemplate your high calling . . . never forget that Kings were made for and by the people and not the people for Kings.”

He asked the child “to use his influence in favour of those faithful missionaries of the cross to which you owe everything.” Tr^T He put in a special word for his friend the tutor (Orsmond): “Above all the kind friend who has adopted you as one of his own family is entitled to your boundless and unceasing gratitude.” With an eye to the lad’s future he enclosed “a likeness of the Great Father of my country, the illustrious Washington, a man whose character you would do well to study, and whose virtues the most favoured may be proud to imitate,”

The Peacock gone, neither Regent nor Elley had yet done with that treaty.

There had to be an accounting. Those arch-plotters must be reached through the child. No child of six could understand the business —he had acted as his mentors told him. To him the Consul wrote; to which came this reply, on its very face a concoction for his use and signature but a treasure despite the weakness of his excuse. Written in Tahitian it reads: Griffin Town, Afareaitu, Moorea, October 13, 1826.

“Dear Sir, —I have not abandoned King George IV. I still look to him. I will regard what he says. He is my refuge.

But it was a custom of my father to be kind to all men; therefore I wrote that paper for Captain Jones.—Pomare III.”

Back once again at school, he won the unstinted praise of his teachers for diligence and obedience. Between tutor-inchief and royal pupil there was a real affection.

It was the rainy season. The lad caught, cold and fever set in. His master was worried as the fever increased despite every effort. The boy was visibly weakening. School was no place for him: the rather his mother’s home across the strait. Arriving at the native “palace” in Papeete (the foundation stones of which still lie nearby) all possible was done for him by mother, aunt, high chiefs, and natives wise in sicknesses.

The New Year opened with the little lad now heading for his seventh year, but within a week it was clear that the end was near. His devoted tutor had never left his side and, in the death scene, record shows him as pre-eminent— he loved the child. The women distraught, the chiefs helpless Orsmond lifted the wasted form from the couch, and (bending to native custom) called for the cloth to cover him and the precious burden he would hold till death took it from him; and in Orsmond’s arm’s the Boy-King died.

The date was January 8, 1827.

Papuan Exploration

From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, June 4.

THE patrol which left Port Moresby in April, under Messrs. C. Champion and G. Anderson, for the Kikori, to conduct a patrol to the newly discovered lake, have already reached the Mobi River and are travelling up stream in canoes towards their objective. The leader is in regular aerial communication with the radio station in Port Moresby, and reports that all the party are in good health.

Miss Maude Rankin returned to Vila, New Hebrides, by the Morinda in June after spehding her first furlough in Victoria. Formerly of St. Kilda, she is now on the nursing staff of the Paton Memorial Hospital at Vila. 46 Pacific Islands Monthly. July 23. 1937

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Twenty Days Of Terror

Sufferings of Mission Party In An Open Boat Kindly contributed by Mr. CARL R.

HEINE, of Jaluit, Marshall Islands.

IN Mr. Ramsden’s review of “Adventuring in Coral Seas” ( P.I.M. of Dec.), a book by Mr. Ellis, there is an interesting extract referring to Mr. Walkup, who w r as for many years a missionary of the American Board in the Northern Gilbert Islands.

While the reference to Mr. Walkup is not at all unkindly, there is an error that might be corrected. It is alleged that he w T as an ex-pugilist, “at one time an interesting figure in the San Francisco prize ring.” I was intimately acquainted with Mr. Walkup for a long term of years, and during that time learned something of his early life, but never heard any mention of the prize ring.

But it must be admitted that his personal appearance would not belie that apocryphal story, and several others like it. Possibly it was that deceptive appearance that gave rise to such stories.

Some details concerning the capsize of Mr. Walkup’s schooner, the Hiram Bingham 11., with subsequent events, may be ot interest.

Early in the morning, a couple of days after leaving Banaba for Butaritari, the wind being light and baffling, Mr Walkup went below to overhaul the motor (the vessel had auxiliary power), prior to starting it. While thus engaged, the boy at the wheel warned Mr. Walkup that a squall was approaching. Mr. Walkup instructed the boy to watch his steering, and keep the vessel close to the wind.

A little later the boy called out once more, telling Mr. Walkup that the squall was almost upon them. At that, Mr.

Walkup poked his head up out of the companion-way, and realising that there would be a bit of a blow, grabbed his oilskin and came on deck. As he did so. the squall struck, and the vessel heeled over at a sharp angle as Mr.

Walkup called out to the helmsman to luff up and shake the wind out of the sails.

But the vessel refused to answer the helm, and heeled over still further. Mr.

Walkup then ran aft to slack off the main sheet, but couldn’t do so, it being jammed with boxes and dunnage. He looked hastily for a knife or hatchet with which to cut the sheet, but none was handy. Then, in a flash, over the vessel went, and all on board were thrown into the seething water.

In less than 30 minutes the squall had blown itself out, the sun shone brightly, and the sea became smooth once more.

The vessel lay on its side with sail flat on the water, and half the hull partly exposed, to which all hands desperafely clung.

After a time the dinghy, which had been fastened to that side of the deck which was below water, worked loose and floated up, and with it fortunately came the two oars. After baling it out, all hands, nine all told, got into it, loading it down almost to the gunwale. Four or five coconuts floated up, and a tin of dried apples, which were carefully collected.

An effort was made to dive into the boat to obtain other provisions, but the attempt was soon given up on account of escaping gasoline smarting the eyes of the divers. A small clothes chest belonging to a young girl, who was one of the passengers, then came to the surface.

In it was a pair of small scissors, with whicbLthey tried to cut a piece of canvas from one of the sails, but clumsy fingers let it slip, and down it went.

As nothing could be gained by staying by the vessel, they set out for Butaritari, over 100 miles distant, pulling desperately night and day, turn and turn about, until all were exhausted. When they could pull no longer, an oar was lashed to the forward thwart, to act as a mast.

At the top of it, a cross-piece of wood was secured to which was fastened the loin cloth of one of the boys to act as a sail. Such a tiny sail could give the heavy-laden boat but little speed, but it was far better than merely drifting, and it inspired a little hope,—the hope that with fine weather and light S.E. winds, although they failed to make Butaritari, they might possibly make one of the Marshall Islands.

So on they went at the mercy of the wind and waves. When it rained, th°y caught a little drinking water in Mr.

Walkup’s oilskin, and sometimes they were able to conserve a small quantity, sufficient for a day or two if used sparingly, in the tin that had contained the dried apples. When the wind freshened 47 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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And at Lautoka, P.O. Box 36. Tel. 261 P. T. TAYLOR LTD. up and raised a bit of sea, the baling was continuous; and when the boat beban to'fill, as it sometimes did, all save the little girl jumped into the sea, and held on to the sides of the boat while she was being baled out. Sharks were seen occasionalfy circling around at such times, and it is a wonder that none was attacked.

Oft-times parched with thirst, under a brazen sky, they wearily scanned the vacant horizon for some sign of land, while they longed for the cool of the evening. On rainy nights all crouched together in the boat, shivering with cold, as they hopefully, fearfully awaited the dawn of another day—a time that appeared infinitely prolonged.

So the days and nights passed, became weeks. Still they drifted on and on. worn-out, weary and dying, but never. neglecting morning and evening worship of Almighty God, now indeed their only hope and refuge.

On the twentieth day it was apparent to all that the end was near, unless land was reached speedily. That night, after evening worship, while some were fitfully dozing, one of the boys, peering into the darkness ahead, fancied he saw something glimmering now and again. He waited a little to make sure before arousing the others.

Soon there could be no doubt about it, and all were awakened by the joyful cry, “A light! I see a light ahead!”

When the day dawned, there was the land, Ebon, about three or four miles distant on the weather bow. But alas, instead of drawing nearer the land, it soon became evident that the boat was slowly drifting on past it, on account of the unfavourable breeze. They were too weak to pull at the oars, and with the tiny make-shift sail it was impossible to beat to windward.

Fortunately, the little sail was sighted by the natives in two canoes, out trolling foi bonito. It having an odd appearance, they decided to investigate, so slacked oft sheet and headed for the strange visitant. Arriving alongside the boat, they were informed of the disaster, and were instructed by Mr. Walkup what to do.

One of the canoes took the boat in tow, and the other went on ahead to inform a friend of Mr. Walkup, residing on the island, to expect him shortly. But what followed was not according to plan.

Instead of towing the boat to the place desired, it was towed to an inlet near the passage, where the natives in the towing canoe resided. There Mr. Walkup was handed over to the tender mercies of an old trader, with absolutely no knowledge of how to care for the sick. Mr. Walkup’s comrades in distress were temporarily cared for by Ebon natives, who know what to do for people in their condition far better than the white man referred to. He gave Mr. Walkup. for his first meal after that starvation journey, a breakfast of strong coffee, toddy bread, and boiled dinner a canned compound of meat and vegetables!

A little later the one whom Mr. Walkup expected to meet arrived on the scene, and removed Mr. Walkup and his companions in distress to his home, where all received suitable care and attention.

But, so far as Mr. Walkup was concerned, the harm had already been done. That first meal was responsible for his death.

It brought on acute gastritis, from which he passed away three days later. Without that meal, in all probability he would have lived, for upon his arrival at Ebon he was stronger than most of those with him, being able to hobble on shore with some assistance, while most of the others had to be carried.

You may ask how do I come to know all this? I got it from Mr. Walkup’s friend and those who were with him.

Mr. Walkup was able to converse quite lucidlv on the day of his arrival, but the following day his mind began to wander.

My account is made up from what was learned from him, and from those who suffered with him.

Fiji’S Prosperity

IN his address to shareholders at the annual meeting of Morris, Hedstrom Ltd. in Suva, the chairman of directors (Sir Maynard Hedstrom) said the financial position continued sound and the value of merchandise on hand and m transit showed an increase of £45,000 over the figures for the previous year, due to improved business conditions and a general advance in the price of merchandise.

Increased profit was due to a record crop of sugar, a substantial increase in the production and selling price of copra and the continuance of expenditure on the development of the Tavua gold fields.

Prospects for the current year werfc satisfactory.

Messrs. P. A. Morris and H. E. Snell, the retiring directors, were re-elected.

Mr. John Graham Percy, of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., New Guinea, married Miss June Norma Worsted, of Summer Hill, early in June. 48 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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A Porker Makes Aviation History in Polynesia From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 11.

OUR local aviators, after long practice in flying about Tahiti and Moorea, recently undertook an experimental flight to Rangiroa, the largest atoll of the Tuamotus, situated about 300 miles north-east of Papeete.

As is customary in the Islands, the people of Rangiroa made haste to offer hospitality to the new arrivals. The most ceremonious of the rites of Polynesian hospitality is the presentation of gifts to the departing guests. The gift of gifts, the symbol of highest honour offered to a distinguished stranger, is a buxom pig.

Now, it is all very well to receive pigs when a schooner is at hand to carry away your mark of esteem. You have space enough to avoid its intimate society. But the narrow cockpit of an aeroplane is another matter. To be cribbed, cabined, and confined in quarters so constricted with a noisy, restless, and not altogether fragrant pig does not portend a happy and peaceful flight.

The aviators were aghast. But there was nothing to do save accept the offering—they could not insult their generous hosts.

So the pig was trussed with many knots and turns of rope, and thrust into the aeroplane thereby becoming forever illustrious: the first pig in Polynesia and, perhaps, in all the world to ascend the heavens!

We have heard of chimpanzees, alligators and boa constrictors, being transported by plane, but never a pig. The Pig of Rangiroa—although now disintegrated to ham, bacon, and sausage—has written its name on the roll of immortal pioneers of aviation: the first of its race to mount the skies in Polynesia.

Samoan Parliament Attempts

"Sit-In" Strike

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, June 10.

TTHE Fono of Faipule (Samoan Parlia- -1 ment) is to terminate its session this week. Other than ask repeatedly for the grant of an additional allowance for themselves, the Faipule have done exceedingly little for the good of the Samoans generally and in consequence little interest is taken in the proceedings by the large majority of natives.

These representatives of the Samoan people went so far as to unsuccessfully attempt a “sit-in” strike, with the sole result that they were ridiculed by a cartoon published in the N.Z. Observer.

Madamoiselle Raymonde Pogn o n, daughter of M. Raymond Pognon, former Speaker of the local parliament in New Caledonia, was married in Sydney to Mr.

Lindsay Walker, of Melbourne, on June

Native Discipline In New Guinea

A LETTER, signed by nine resident planters of Namatanai, New Ireland, and commenting upon the serious absence of discipline, and respect for white men generally, among natives —and especially native labourers —in their district, was published in this journal a few months ago. The statements made, it is said, gave offence to certain officials in New Ireland.

Some little time later, the A.D.O. at Namatanai, accompanied by another official, and a strong escort of native police, armed with .303 rifles, made a patrol in the district whence the complaints came.

During the patrol, a native was arrested, but escaped from custody. A police-boy was sent in pursuit. He caught the unarmed native and, in a subsequent struggle, he inflicted injuries from which the native died.

The police-boy was sentenced to a long term of imprisonment. The circumstances suggest that the planters’ letter was well justified.

Mr. R. T. Pleasant, who has been appointed secretary of Messrs. 0. F. Nelson & Co. at Apia, arrived in Western Samoa by the June Matua. 49 Pacific Islands Mont li Iy , July 23, 1937

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Mr. Blaikie Webster Resings-What Is the Mining Trust Going To Do?

By R. W. Robson

have been interesting developments in New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., which holds a large and valuable section of the Morobe goldfield.

The Co.’s 5/- shares (written down from £1 in 1935) are selling at about 2/6.

At that figure, they should interest speculators. If the Co. is carried on under new, vigorous and efficient management, it should pay from 10 to 15 per cent, in the future, and its shares will go over par. But if the Mining Trust accepts the views of the Co.’s retiring chairman, and decides to sell out, anything may happen to the shares.

Ivtr. J. P. Blaikie Webster, Who

has been actively directing New Guinea Goldfields Ltd, as -well as Mount Isa (Queensland), has resigned from the boards of both concerns, and returned to London, and Mr. Julius Kruttschnitt has succeeded him as chairman of N.G. Goldfields Ltd., and chairman and general manager of Mount Isa.

To understand what has happened, it is necessary to- recount a little history.

The Wau-Edie Creek section of the Morobe goldfield was developed in 1923- 25, and some large fortunes were made.

About 1926. the Royal-Glasson group formed their interests into a company, which later became the Edie Creek Pty.

Ltd., and which later was absorbed by Ellyu Ltd. The latter name was derived from the initials of the late Leslie Urquhart, and it was he who, in 1927 and 1928, brought the Mining Trust Ltd., a London concern, into the picture.

The Mining Trust formed New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. in 1929, to develop and work large areas which it had acquired in the Wau-Edie Creek district. Its method of acquiring leases was simply to buy them from the original owners at any old price, and pay for them, usually, with an issue of N.G.G. scrip. In this way, the issued capital was built up to the colossal figure of nearly £4,500,000 in £1 shares. For some years, money was spent like water, and production was organised from three sources —from Alluvial operations, in and about Edie Creek; from Golden Ridges Mill; and from deep mining at Edie Creek. Then came troubles, thick and fast.

The story of this company’s elephantine operations, and its failure to make worthwhile profits, has been told on a number of occasions in this journal.

In August, 1934 (three years ago), after a visit to the field, I wrote an article about N.G.G. in which I said: This company holds (in addition to deep lode areas between Golden Ridges and Edie Creek) very large areas of proved valuable alluvial country in and around the Bulolo Valley, northwards of Wau—country rich enough, according to one competent observer, “to keep hundreds of miners busy, three shifts a day.” Wau should be the centre of a large, busy, and expanding alluvial industry. Instead, except for a few men on tribute, nothing is being done with those leases.

The company seems to have attacked everything from the wrong end. It should have installed a hydro-electric power station somewhere near Wau, at the very beginning, and gone after the rich, accessible alluvial gold on the Bulolo Valley and slopes; then the Golden Ridges enterprise might have followed—though on a less wasteful basis; and, finally, with solid revenues and sound organisation in support, the development of the Bonanza at Edie Creek might have been undertaken. We find, instead, that the company has wasted its energy and its canital on non-revenue producing operations at Edie Creek, at the end of one of the most expensive transport lines in the world. Everything needed there has had to be brought in by aeroplane to Wau, and thence carried in by natives or mules, or on a special lorry, over 14 miles of incredible track.

A new road is now being built, which should greatly reduce those costs; but, meanwhile, the company has frittered away huge sums and untold energy, which might have been far more profitably employed elsewhere.

By the end of 1933, the Mining Trust was beginning to take alarm. Expenditure was enormous; criticism was sharp and growing: and the New Guinea Government, comparing N.G.G- with Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd. (which had got very quickly and efficiently into profitable production) was growing unfriendly. It was anxious that the development of this rich field should not be prejudiced by “London muddling.”

So Mr. Blaikie Webster came out from London, from the Mining Trust, and took charge in 1934. He was active and 50 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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(Incorporated in Queensland) shrewd; but he -tried to apply Napoleonic methods to Australian and New Guinea institutions, and he found himself opposed at many points by people who instinctively resist dictatorships.

One of Mr. Webster’s first acts was to have the capital written down from £4,472,331 to £1,118,081, and pay a dividend of 4 per cent on the old capital (equal to 16 per cent on the new).

Since then, the company’s record has been depressing. A substantial annual profit has been made; but, at the annual meetings in 1936 ahd 1937, Mr. Webster has insisted that all that money was needed for development on capital account, and there has been nothing for the shareholders. Annual profits, as far as available records show, have been as follow: — Year ended Sept 30 Profit 1933 £130,279 4 per cent dividend paid. 1934 180,091 4 per cent dividend paid ; capital then written down by 75 per cent. 1935 152,020 Dividend passed. 1936 113,303 Dividend passed.

The accumulated profit, in the profit and loss account, on Sept. 30, 1936, was £324,596, and of this £159,337 was in cash.

Since then, an average monthly profit of about £lO,OOO appears to have been made.

There ought to be a dividend of anything from 8 to 10 per cent for shareholders, but there is not- The published accounts give so few details of operations that shareholders have no means of deciding what proportion of profits, if any, is being properly spent on capital development. All that shareholders do know positively is: 1. The company is run by the Mining Trust, although the Mining Trust’s holding ofi N.G.G. shares is only about 19 per cent of the total. 2. The Mining Trust drew no dividends from N.G.G. in 1936 and 1937, but N.G.G. has paid large sums to the Mining Trust by way of professional and directorial fees. 3. The company is at the mercy of the Mining Trust, and the Trust, if one may judge from its last balance sheet just published (see details at end of this article) is not in a very happy position. 4- With the large accumulation in its P. and L. account, N.G.G. Ltd. should be able to carry on independently of the Mining Trust.

How The Money Has Gone

An accountant, who is a shareholder in N.G.G. Ltd., has spent some time on the company’s records, and he has made the following interesting figures available.

Movements of cash resources from commencement of mining operations to September 30, 1936: On Capital Account Available cash capital after acquisition of leases, etc, 786,819 Px-emium on shares 54,010 Interest, transfer fees, etc. 28,609 869,438 Deduct— Building, plant, etc., acquix-ed 495,007 Expenditure in mining intex-ests, stores and sundry assets ; 77,197 Legal and formation exes. 4,335 Development, paid out of capital 292,899 869,438 On Mining Accounts Bullion sold - - 1,276,286 Miscellaneous revenue 7,822 1,284.100 Deduct — Development, prospecting, surveys, roads, etc., paid out of revenue 167,829 Cost of all sluicing, mining, and treatment 331,654 Management and all overhead, including part royalties 154,546 All administrative, travelling, and directors’ expenses . 87,041 Part x-ealisation and royalty expenses 44.496 Taxes, etc - 3,422 788,988 Revenue Surplus 495,120 Dividends paid 355,820 Cash Balance Sept. 30, 1936 £159,300 In the capital reduction in 1935 thex-e were written off: Prospecting and development expenditure, £439,549 ; and buildings and plant, £22,972. These were, of course, bookkeeping entries only, and do not affect the cash position as shown above.

N.G.G. PROPERTIES This company has three main fields of operation—namely, the alluvial area on Koranga Creek, and along the Bulolo, near the Koranga Creek confluence; the hilly area, around Golden Ridges mill; and the deep-mining area, on the lode formations at Edie Creek.

It is inconceivable that these areas already are worked out, or are proved unprofitable. On the contrary, there is good reason to believe that there still is an enormous amount of profitable work to be done in each area —especially at Edie Creek, and on the alluvials. Australian shareholders get very little information about these various mining operations: but the following details, gleaned with difficulty, may suggest to them the wisdom of hanging on to their shares, in spite of the pessimistic market and the troubles at headquarters.

About the end of 1935, the engineers of the Mining Trust estimated that there were some 156,000 tons of ore, carrying 51 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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between 10 and 12 dwts. per ton, in the Edie Creek workings, all blocked out and ready to be brought out and milled, Little has been published since, but it is certain that the next body of available ore has not decreased in the meantime, In that 156,000 tons, no account was taken of the Karuka vein. This was proven over an extensive area ami shown by diamond drilling to run from 5 to 8 dwts. The Co. considered it of sufficient importance to put in a drive of 1,000 feet, from No. 4 shaft, on No. 2 lode, into the Karuka area, and to put down a 3-compartment shaft for the working of Karuka. On the last report, it was down 142 feet.

That estimate of 156,000 tons did not take the Surman vein into account. It is about 1,000 feet south-east of Edie No. 1 lode, and its value per ton is about 75/-, in gold and silver. Neither does it include Earl’s lode, on Merri Creek, northeast of Edie No. 1.

The engineers, furthermore, have explored 400,000 tons of 3J dwt. country on Golden Peaks, below Golden Ridges. They say this is not profitable- Yet the Mining Trust is interested in the Co. which is working 3| dwt. ore at Big Bell, West Australia, on white men’s wages. At Edie Creek, they have the benefit of native labour.

Then the Mining Trust engineers also have up their sleeve, at Upper Ridges (above Golden Ridges mill), an area where five diamond-drill holes, at intervals of 100 feet, have penetrated a lode, 18 feet wide, carrying 7 to 9 dwts. Upper Ridges area already is connected with Golden Ridges mill by a ropeway, for the carriage of ore. In recently published accounts, it was stated that 10,000 tons from Upper Ridges had been treated at the mill: but nothing was said about values.

On their own plan, published a few years ago, the Trust engineers showed nine separate places where reef formations, carrying gold, had been located in the area between Golden Ridges and Edie Creek. Nothing appears to have been done with any of these areas.

Then there are thb Bulolo alluvials, where a lot of work has been done. Mr.

Webster, in a fairly recent report, said that it was estimated that the Co. had 1,000,000 yards of alluvial ground on the Bulolo River, worth 4/- per yard. But that seems to have been the end of it — probably, pending the investigation of the Koranga Alluvials, which gave much evidence of good values.

Nearly a year ago, the Co. brought Mr.

E- A. Lang out from England, and he has been at work on the Koranga Alluvials ever since. At the annual meeting, in February, shareholders were promised a report on Mr. Lang’s investigations within four months. It is about due.

There are other gold-bearing areas around Wau held by N.G.G., about which little or nothing has been done.

Ultimatum And “Showdown”

By the end of 1936, the N.G.G. situation was being brought into some sort of perspective. Mr. Blaikie Webster seemed to stir up a deal of antagonism; but shareholders at least can thank him for forcing a “showdown.”

The reasons given by Mr. Webster, for the board’s inability to make dividends for shareholders was “excessive costs”; and the three chief factors contributing to those high costs were: (1) Refusal of Administration to allow trained natives to undertake various work usually done by natives in black-labour countries. (2) The failure of the Administration to build a road from Wau to the coast, thus compelling the Co- to use aeroplanes for freighting at £l9 per ton, compared with £4 per ton, which was his estimated cost of freighting by road. (3) The imposition of a royalty of 5 per cent on gold exported, instead of the tax being on profits.

Mr. Webster contended that, in these circumstances, costs virtually were doubled, and it was not possible profitably to work ore carrying less than 7 dwt. of gold to the ton.

Mr. Webster made statements at the annual meeting on February 11, 1937, which were in the nature of an ultimatum: — “These . . . are the main factors in making unprofitable in New Guinea a grade of gold ore which is highly profitable, not only throughout Australia, but also in the adjoining native territory of Papua.”

“In the absence of relief, we must revise our programme with a view to conserving a large part of our ore reserves for treatment when conditions become normal rather than undertake the development and treatment of additional ore, which under present conditions, would provide contributions to the Administration, but leave no return for shareholders.”

“Prudence demands that we should be in a position, if necessary, to restrict production until the advent of more normal conditions.” 52 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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S. FLETCHER & SON SO Oxford Street, Sydney In other words, Mr. Webster urged that the Co. suspend operations in New Guinea until the Administration made certain concessions. Mr. Webster has resigned. We may assume, from that, that his views were not accepted by his co-directors.

The Future

There is no questioning the facts, as stated by Mr. Blaikie Webster. But there are certain other facts which observers cannot ignore.

For years, N.G-G. was woefully and wastefully managed, and such enormous sums were thrown away, and such absurd obligations undertaken, that over £3,000,000 had to be written off the( capital acount. That happened under Mining Trust control. The Trust is still in control.

Therefore, the Administration may be* excused if it asks for proof that a crippling proportion of N.G.G.’s high costs are not due to inefficient management, and “remote London control,” before it accepts the hypothesis that unprofitable operations are due to other causes.

Our information is that the new men in charge—Mr. Jacobs, at Wau, and Mr.

Kruttschnitt, as chairman of the board— represent a regime such as N.G.G. never before has known. A new epoch now may open, in which it will be shown that the N.G.G. section of the Morobe field really can produce something for shareholders, despite the calamity-howling of Mr.

Webster, There probably will be no dividend for the year ending on Sept. 30; but next year—if these new men are left alone by that London board, and given a chance a brighter prospect should open.

Financial Position of the Mining Trust ]V- G - Goldfields Ltd. is controlled by the Mining Trust Ltd., of Adelaide House, King William St., London. The report and balance sheet of The Mining Trust for the year ended December 31, 1936, show that the issued capital of the Trust was £5,945,988 in £1 shares and that it was offset by the following assets: Shares in subsidiaries £3,339,200 Debenture stock in subsidiaries 906,774 Other investments 587,821 Advances to subsidiaries 173,224 Total of investments £5,007,021 Remaining assets items, to complete the balance, were: Debtors and payments in suspense. £37,735; Cash, £176,926; Preliminary expenses. £33,877; Debit Balance, £693,777.

The following is given as the “schedule of investments, etc.,’’ as on December 31:— In Mount Isa Mines Ltd., Queensland, £907,000 in redeemable debenture stock, 8 per cent; £1,554,114 (Australian) in ordinary £1 shares, equal to 80 per cent of issued capital; £75,162 in “advances.”

In Brittania Lead Co. Ltd. (which purchases the product of Mt. Isa)—£100.000 in £1 shares; £98,062 in “advances.” £1 shai’es valued at £2.

New Guinea Goldfields Ltd.—£210,787 (Australian) in ordinary 5/- shares, equal to 18.8 per cent of issued capital.

Saudi Arabian Mining Syndicate Ltd,—£l,7os, in £1 shares, equal to 9.2 per cent of issued capital. This holding valued at £41,438.

Big Bell Mine, West Australia A 5 per cent participation. Expenditure to date, £15,899.

Anglo - Queensland Mining Pty. Ltd. 1250 shares of £1 (Aus.), on which 10/- has been paid.

The total of the whole of the investments in this schedule is about £3,000,000 ; but there are not enough details to explain the difference between the £3,000,000, and the £5,007,021 (total of investments in balance sheet).

During the year ended December 31, the Trust received the following revenue: — Interest on Mt. Isa debentures £72,560 Interest on Britt. Lead Co. loan 3,060 Interest on bank accounts 1,608 Advisory and administration fees and commissions 31,505 Total revenue £108,736 Expenditure, which is not given in detail, was £22,549, leaving a credit on the year’s operations, of £86,186. The shareholders got nothing, however. During the year, no lens than £236.021 was written off advances and sales of investments, and the year’s profit disappeared in that. Therefore, while the Trust stalled the year with a debit balance, on its “income and expenditure account,’’ of £543,942, .it ended it with a debit balance of £693,777.

The indications are that a great deal of writingdown of asset values still is necessary.

The Trust’s directors are: Earl Castle Stewart (chairman), H. A. Guess (vice-chairman), J. P.

Blaikie Webster (managing director), E. P.

Andreae, G. F. Laycock, H. J. Fisher, Mrs.

Leslie Urquhart, D. P. Mitchell. F. B. Reynolds, C. A. Reid Scott, H. Quennell. Messrs. Guess and Mitchell represent American interests.

Rev. M. T. Jones, Victorian secretary of the Australian Board of Missions, left Sydney on July 10 on his way to Papua to inspect the A.B.M. stations there. He will be absent about three months.

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Suva, Lautoka and Ba Mrs. Further, wife of Mr. Godfrey Further, a Rabaul storekeeper, reached Sydney from New Guinea by the Montoro on June 19 and was admitted to a private hospital suffering from injuries sustained during the eruptions at Rabaul.

New Guinea's Advantage Over Australia And the Future of the Territory SOME rather derogatory references to Autsralia’s record in New Guinea appeared in an Australian newspaper , and a forthright reply was sent to that newspaper by a well Tcnoivn New Guinea planter, Mr. D. S. More-Lacy.

Only part of that reply was published. The full statement was as ; folloics: TF the New Guinea Treasury can balance its comparatively small budget every year and generally end with a surplus, this in spite of low taxation, surely this is something to be proud of in itself, without making invidious comparisons with the highly-taxed, debt-ridden, overgoverned States of the Commonwealth.

The article complained of is unfair to many of the people who have laboured and given of their best to make New Guinea what it is.

A slighting reference to a past and able Administrator does not come well from a democratic newspaper. In any case, the onus is on Canberra to give New Guinea the best available, and having done that, to refrain from forcing unwanted and superfluous legislation, such as the Shipping Bill, on the country.

To give only a few figures: Income tax is nil; gold royalty is only 5%; copra export tax is on a commensurate sliding scale; cocoa and coffee export tax is nil; import duties 10% ad. val. almost all round; agricultural leases 6d. per acre per annum; public debt nil.

A fair criticism might be that building in Rabaul has often been at the expense of opening up and developing the country, agriculture and roads being the Cinderellas of the budget.

In spite of Australia’s lack of interest in New Guinea, not to mention the depression, the country has made considerable progress, and the annual trade turnover is now in the vicinity of £4,000,000. Australia’s share of imports into the country last financial year was near the half million mark. Papua, with its trade turnover of little more than half a million annually, can hardly be said to have made the same strides, although it is realised that they have had less luck in the matter of recent gold discoveries.

The great distances and lack of communications make the amalgamation of the two Territories out of the question, and it is hard to see what good can possibly come of hitching a young and progressive country to a more backward one like Papua or the Solomons, even supposing it were possible for Australia to do as Japan did, and tell the League that the mandate is no longer such, but a nossession.

Foresight is certainly needed, but not the sort that gave Australia three different railway guages, nor yet the sort that laid out Sydney. W. M. Hughes had foresight when he demanded the New Guinea mandate for Australia at Versailles, and one can argue in passing, that the strategic reasons he then had in mind still exist.

The Germans apparently did not have foresight when they laid out Rabaul in a region of volcanic activity, although they probably reckoned that the wonderful harbour, which to date still exists, offset to an extent the risk of eruptions. Who could foretell the San Francisco earthquake?

Under the circumstances it may be advisable to shift the capital to Madang. but this cannot be done overnight and someone has to pay. If this is done gradually over a period of five to ten years, the cost could probably be met by a slight increase in taxation. In the meantime, if no further eruptions take place, Rabaul can continue to be used, but not developed, and for this reason the sooner it is cleaned up the better, which is just what the authorities are doing.

When one considers some of the other mandates, one has every reason to be proud of the management of New Guinea, from practically every aspect, native or European, goldmining, aviation or planting, especially considering the short 18 years since the war, and the lack of skilled personnel in the first place. But it should be realised that what has been done is mainly owing to the men on the spot, and not to Australian politicians or the League of Nations.

It is to be regretted that when a calamity like the recent eruptions overtakes the capital of Australia’s most important Territory, certain Australian weekly newspapers can find only abuse and unpractical suggestions. 54 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

To Planters And Traders

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New Hospital For

LEPERS At Gemo Is., Near Port Moresby From Our Own Correspondent.

PORT MORESBY, June 24.

THE hospital which is being erected on Gemo Island, across the harbour from Port Moresby (by Hunter’s Passage), for the treatment of leprosy and advanced tuberculosis cases, is already well under way. An area of approximately one acre has been excavated along the foreshore of the small island and, besides two spacious buildings for the sister-in-charge and her Samoan assistants, work has begun also on the two principal buildings —one for T.B. and the other for leprosy patients. The two hospitals stand out over the water, but separated by some distance, with a communal kitchen on the foreshore between them.

Water already is supplied by 10 large tanks Sister Fairhall, of the London Missionary Society, who is to be in charge of the hospitals, has returned from leave in Australia. Mr. J. Annan, of the Public Works Department, in charge of the proceedings, has been assisted by his trained native carpenters who, under his supervision, are carrying out the work of construction without European assistance.

Gemo Island was owned by 28 Papuan natives, and the Government felt some anxiety in regard to obtaining possession.

But when the natives learned the purpose for which the island was needed, and were assured that public and not native funds were to be used for the building, they made a voluntary gift of the island to the Government.

The Government and the L.M.S. have regarded the increase of tubercular cases in the large villages near Port Morseby with anxiety. Last year, there were 18 deaths from tuberculosis, and it now is hoped to remove all incurable cases as The foundations of the two main hospital buildings, on the sand-spit between Gemo Island and the mainland. The attendants’ quarters, and tanks for water-supply, are in the foreground. The photograph was taken in May, 1937. 55 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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E. 76 speedily as possible to the hospital at Gemo Island.

Though few cases of leprosy have been reported, the disease is considered serious enough to warrant the detention of patients in future in the newly established hospital. Dr. W. Giblin (formerly Government medical officer here) visited Fiji last year to see the treatment of leprosy at Makogai, and it is understood that treatment here will follow upon much the same lines.

New Vessels For N. Caledonian

Nickel Trade

THE Japan Soda Company, of Yokohama, has purchased three foreign vessels of 7,000 tons each for carrying nickel ore from New Caledonia. It is not expected that the ships will commence a new service for several months yet, as the Company’s smelter works will not be properly established until September.

On their way home to Japan from Noumea, the vessels will load bauxite (the principal ore for aluminium) from the Marshall and Caroline Islands.

“An Extension Of Japan”

Caroline and Marshall Islands "17TGOROUS colonising work has been, ’ and is being, carried out by Japan in the Caroline, Marshall. Mariana and Pelew Islands, of which she assumed control under mandate 20 years ago, and which she now regards as part of her Empire.

When Japan took control, there were less than 3,000 Japanese there. To-day, over 40,000 Japanese are settled there.

A flourishing sugar industry has been established mostly in the Mariana group.

Admiral Fujita, a member of the Supreme War Council, on his return to Tokio in June from an inspection of the islands, said he was surprised and delighted that the plans which were inaugurated when Japan occupied the islands had succeeded far beyond expectations. He expected even greater progress in the next three or four years. The Japanese, he added, were firmly rooted in the islands, which were like an extension of Japan.

Samoans See Their First

AEROPLANE From Our Own Correspondent APIA, June 10.

THE arrival by the Wairuna of the first aeroplane to be imported into Western Samoa has aroused considerable interest. The ’plane is owned by Lance- Corporal J. M. H. Bower, District Commissioner at Aleipata, Eastern Upolu, who recently returned from New Zealand, where he obtained his pilot’s certificate and license.

The ’plane is a one-seater D.H. 53 Havilland Moth, with a Bristol Cherub engine 36 B.H.P. (horizontal twin) and belonged formerly to the Civil Aviation Dept, at Point Cooke, Australia, and later to the N.S.W. Aero Club from which it was bought by Mr, Bower. The wing span is 30ft., the overall length 19|ft. and the height sJft. The machine has a maximum speed of 83 m.p.h., with a cruising speed of 56.

Calf Born In 'Plane

Guinea airways ltd., who have made aviation history in the transportation of tremendous loads of dredging material, etc., for use on the Morobe goldfields of New Guinea, are called upon to carry many strange items under the heading of “freight.” Since the inception of the aerial service in 1931, many animals, including horses, cows, and donkey have been transported to Wau and other centres by air.

The Vacuum Oil Co. now advise that, according to a report published recently in Rabaul, a unique event occurred when a calf was bom during the transportation of a cow from Lae to Wau, 56 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

tt: Roulette Wheels, approx. Tin. diameter, 19/9; complete with instructions and betting cloth.

Upright model, 21/- ; sin. Bake- Mte models, 7/6.

“Like-a-Flash” de luxe Morse code keys, adjustable every way. 12/6 ; P.M.G. type all brass fittings, 19/6; Junior models, 9/6, 10/6; High grade buzzers, 7/6. iyt Send for Levenson’s Radio Bargain Bulletin, Bd, post free.

Also Levenson’s Radio Buyer’s Guide and Assembly Chart Handbook, 2/- post free.

Pyrex type Glass Insulators: Sin., 1/- 4in., 3/6, jins 3 for 1/-.® 7*in.

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Amplion (English) 28/6.

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Bakelite Models 32/6 “Clarion” English all-Bakelite Pick - up, with volume control, 22/6. 1/6 Electric Combs complete, handba g type, 12/6 or with handle 15/6.

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Write for Pin-Game, 226 M. PITT STREET, SYDNEY Branches: Radio Cheapside, 240 a Pitt St. L ea fl e ts N.S.W., AUSTRALIA ’Phones, M 2525 and M 2526. Cable address, “Leveradioh.” Goods forwarded V.P.P. or Sight Draft. Satisfaction and Service Guaranteed. We can supply by mail all General Merchandise at a Better Price. Quotations with pleasure. Please add freight and packing. 57 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Mrs. A. Thomas, of the Methodist Mission’s hostel at Suva, sailed from Melbourne, where she had been on a holiday, for Fiji by the June Monterey.

Mrs. Gordon Thomas, wife of the editor of the “Rabaul Times,” arrived in Australia from New Guinea by the Montoro in June.

Sister Walker arrived in Western Samoa by the Maui Pomare at the end of June to take up duties at the Government Hospital, Apia.

Take Your Own Car To Fiji

From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND, June 16. ‘•HPHERE is wonderful scope for visitors to tour Fiji in their own cars; in fact, they should never go without them if they intend to stay more than a couple of weeks,” said the secretary of the Auckland Automobile Association, Mr. G. W. Hutchison, on his return to N.Z. by the Monterey after a visit to Suva.

It has been decided to form a branch of the Association in Fiji, he added.

Mr. Hutchison mentioned that a patrol service would be established in Fiji for the benefit of the branch, the formation of which had been urged for some time.

There were some 1,500 motor vehicles in use in the group, and there were about 300 miles of roads.

Mrs. Ivy Jackson, a refugee from Rabaul, arrived in Melbourne with her seven-months-old daughter Marie by the Tanda on June 28. She later went on to Tasmania to stay for a time with her husband’s parents. Mr. Jackson is an officer in the New Guinea Police Force.

Pattern Service

\A/E have arranged with a well-known Sydney * ’ firm of pattern-cutters to publish each month a diagram of a seasonable frock, patterns of which may be obtained by our readers direct from this office, post free, on payment of the sum stated under the diagram. Address your letter to “Pattern,” Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, Sydney, and enclose a note giving the number of the pattern wanted and bust size, and enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps. The pattern will be sent by return mail. 3088 The highlights of this charming frock are its smart lines and neat contrasting collar and cuffs. A long sleeve is also included in the pattern ; it is gathered into a band to fit the wrists. Bodice is slightly eased where it joins the yoke. Skirt features an inverted pleat down the centre. Material (for 36 in. bust) : 3J yds. 36 ins. wide, + yd. extra for long sleeve: con ■ trast, i yd. 36 ins. wide. Bust sizes 32 to 40 ins.

Frock, 3088 —1s. 1d. 58 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

At Blue Mountains —Springwood, N.S.W.

Springwood Ladies' College Est. 1897. Kindergarten to Leaving Certificate. Tennis, Riding, Swimming, Team Games. Unequalled climate. Pure Jersey Milk. Senior and Junior Houses. Open-air sleeping. Inclusive fees. Special vacation arrangements for Island pupils.

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I Fashion Hints for Islands Women By Therese lOVELY shades are heralded —Mediterranean blue, sugar-stick pink, lime green and water-lily yellow conjure visions of coolness under a tropical sun.

Pale grey, one of the coolest of colours, goes to the making of a crepe two-piece, which consists of a short sleeved jacket over a slim frock. The sleeves of the jacket are gathered puffily over the shoulders and the front of the coat turns back with cascade-like revers.

A multi-coloured posy is at the throat.

Crease resisting linen will be again to the fore and is unsurpassed for tropical wear. A pink linen dress has a sun-top and is as cool as it looks. For more formal occasions it dons a little jacket that does up amusingly at the back.

What could be more delightful on a sweltering day than a pale blue short frock with touches of white embroidery and a shady straw hat of white?

A sleeveless tennis dress of white linen has three cleverly inserted godets and the gay little jacket for off - the court moments strikes an appropriate colourful note.

Full skirted daytime frocks are gaining popularity. The fullness starts immediately below the hips and is achieved by flares, godets, and clever pleating.

Coats have slim fronts and flaring backs, while jackets favour the nipped in waist line. Sleeves are of infinite variety and charm. Peasant sleeves are full to the wrist where they are caught in narrow bands. Kate Greenaway puffs have a tight cuff from elbow to wrist. Short sleeves, three-quarter sleeves, and long sleeves all have their hour. In beach frocks, there are no sleeves at all.

Two piece suits with a feminine air are delightful. A thick cord trims the hem of a swinging skirt. A matching cord ties at the Peter Pan collar and edges the brim of a very flat sailor hat.

A silk and linen two-piece, the jacket of which boasts high revers, nipped in waist and squared shoulders has a blouse of contrasting colour. This gives wide scope for colour combinations.

A tailored frock of cream linen of the uncrushable variety has tucked pockets and a tucked band on its short sleeves, It is worn with one of the new narrow belts.

A wine-red crepe takes unto itself a cord belt of navy suede and matches up with navy accessories. A spotted jerkin ties over a slim navy frock and gives it dual personality.

For morning and sports wear, dresses are accompanied by dark coats while with contradictory feminine charm the dark afternoon gown lifts itself from the gloom by light coats and gaily coloured accessories. Over a dark dress, a light spotted jacket is worn. Pink and navy are delightful contrasts.

Hemlines are banded with colour —a happy inspiration for both day and evening. Blouses are well in fashion’s vanguard for almost every hour of the day and night. Wear them all slickly tailored for suits. Wear them for formal afternoons and again for cocktail and dinner hours. Lame blouses and lacquered satin tunics and lace blouses with voluminous sleeves are the prefect complement to the column slim skirt.

Lace trims everything. Lace hats, lace collars and cuffs, boleros lined with lace to match accompanying blouses, lace fans and mantillas for evening, and so on ad infinitum.

Glittering materials for evening abate not one whit in their popularity. A blue blistered chiffon weaves a gold thread through its beauty to form a square.

Gold buttons fasten its fitting bodice down the back, and outline the off the shoulder effect. The skirt flares to fulness over a bouffant taffeta slip.

A chiffon evening gown of the faintest pink has a mistily swirling skirt. Its belt widens to a high peak at the front, of opalescent sequins.

Bunches of mauve and purple violets Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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are scattered over a dress of pale mauve sheen crepe. The bodice is made halter fashion caught with a jewelled clip, and leaving lovely shoulders bare. A violet topknot perches on the brow.

Pansies are clustered thickly on the shoulders of a black crepe dinner jacket forming floral epaulettes—the only note of adornment.

Halos of curls are surmounted with flowers, and wreaths of celophane flowers are fairy like and heaven sent for the frock of net or tulle. Flower necklaces and bracelets are amusing and charming, and exquisite fans are made from lace of cobweb fineness added to tiny flowers.

Belts are imaginative. Evening belts made entirely of flowers are the most delightful possessions imaginable. A stitched suede belt is buckled together by roaring lions. Vivid leather bows trim a patent leather belt, and multi-coloured tufts of wool flaunt their brilliance boldly on a stitched belt of black fabric.

Gloves are important. They are of kid, suede, fabric, or leather in a variety of styles. Mustard-yellow hand stitched suede gloves are delightful with brown, black, or hunter’s green, and green gloves of the same type supply a touch of colour to the sober gown. Blue gloves have blue and red stitching and beige chamois gloves are stitched with orange silk. A zip fastener of contrast ing colour zips up the back of a pair of suede fabric gloves and gives them an individual air. Then there are the skin fitting gloves of pre-war days—snug and sleek and short.

Bags remain classic. A metal pad lock and key pretends to hold fast the contents of the tailored bag of pin seal, but it is merely the catch of the zip fastener and fools everybody but the owner. A square bag of navy suede fastens with a gilt circle on a gathered flap. A beautifully carved fox slinks along the entire handle of a brown bag and is a possession to be envied.

There is an enchanting confusion of evening bags. Some grow small and flaunt long handles in seeming derision.

A gold evening bag is tufted in colours and a black velvet is bead-encrusted as are its swinging handles. Exquisite petit point bags are for the favoured few—a direct gift of the gods.

Death Of Polynesian

ARISTOCRAT From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 20.

TAHITI and Huahine have been plunged into mourning by the tragic death on June 15 of a member of the ancient royal family, Maioatua Alex andre.

He was a grandson of Teriinavahoroa, who was the direct descendent of Tehaapapa L, first king of Huahine. The Huahine royalty derived its origin from the ancient Opoa, high chiefs of Raiatea, the ultimate source of all royal blood in the South Pacific. Intermarriage with the royal Pomare family of Tahiti cemented close relationship between the paramount high chiefs of the two islands.

Maioatua possessed in high degree those qualities of mind and heart, which inspire esteem and affection. How genuine has been that affection was attested at the ceremonies at the church and when he was laid at rest at Paurani.

His Excellency the Governor, and the Mayor of Papeete, were officially repre sented; every member of the royal family was present; and the assembly of mourners was beyond counting. The memorial service which followed the burial and which continued until sun rise, was a most solemn and impressive tribute.

Mrs. Cooper, wife of Dr. R. W. Cooper, Medical Officer in Rabaul, arrived in Mel bourne from New Guinea with her two small daughters, Hilary and Cynthia, by the Tanda on June 28.

Mrs. M. Coggins, wife of the Secretary of the Emperor Gold Mine Co., Tavua, arrived in Fiji by the June Mariposa.

Miss Cora Young and Miss Vi Quintal, of Norfolk Island, arrived in Sydney for a holiday by the Morinda on July 6.

Mrs. G. G. Kermode, wife of Inspector Kermode, of the Fiji Constabulary, re turned to Suva after a visit to New Zealand, by the June Mariposa. 60 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23 , 1937

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Mr. R. N. Ashley, Resident Commissioner in the Solomon Islands, was awarded a C.M.G. in the Coronation honours. 61 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, J 937

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Fatal Accident

Dr. C. H. B. Thompson, of Suva From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 25.

TTHE death occurred on June 22 of Dr.

Charles Henry Burton Thompson, Medical Officer of Health at Suva, in tragic circumstances.

On the evening of June 18, when he was out riding, Dr. Thompson’s horse stumbled in a crab hole, and fell on top of him. An X-ray examination disclosed that his spine was broken, and four days later he died in hospital.

Born at Hull, England, in July, 1880, and educated at Durham University, Dr.

Thompson worked in India from 1911 till 1914, and served in many important English hospitals, being an eye, ear, nose and throat.specialist. He served in the South African War and in the Great War, and come to Fiji in July, 1925, as Medical Officer of Health and School Medical Officer. Also, he was port health officer, and an official member of the Town Board.

Dr. Thompson is survived by a wife and young daughter, who are at present in England. The doctor only recently returned to the Colony from leave.

Mr. W. E. Hancock, manager in Fiji for the Union S.S. Co., who has been on a holiday tour of the United States and Canada, recently returned to Suva by the Aorangi.

Fiji Celebrates King's Birthday Colours Trooped for First Time From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 19. the occasion of the celebration of the King’s birthday on June 9, the Fiji Defence Force, for the first time in its history, carried out the ceremony of the Trooping of the Colours.

This could not be done before, as until recently the Force did not possess colours. Due to the generosity of the Hon.

Sir Henry Marks and Major C. B. Joske, these have now been provided.

The ceremony was most impressive and colourful. The steadiness of the troops on parade and the manner in which the intricate ceremonial was carried out, reflected great credit on those responsible for the training of the men. The scene on the parade ground was a brilliant one, the European and Indian troops wearing khaki, and the Fijian Defence Force and band lending a bright splash of colour in their scarlet and white. Fijian constables lent contrast in navy blue and white.

On the same day a sight which is not often seen nowadays was witnessed in Suva Harbour when over a dozen native canoes from Bau raced for prizes given by the Government. The race was arranged in co-operation with the Suva Yacht Club, which also staged a parade of yachts. With the white-sailed yachts dressed in bunting and the mat-sailed canoes bowling along to a spanking breeze, the sight was a fine one indeed.

King George, Tui Viti

Another interesting ceremony was carried out on June 12, when what is known as a Tui Viti ceremony was held. This is virtually the installation of King George VI. as Tui Viti, or King of Fiji, in accordance with native custom.

His Excellency the Governor, as the King’s representative, attended the ceremony, and on arrival was presented with a tahua (whale’s tooth), a root otyaqona and a ceremonially prepared cup of yaqona. Ratu E. Wainiu presented His Excellency with another whale’s tooth and an address proclaiming George VI. King of Fiji. His Excellency then spoke to the assembled chiefs, reading them a message frojn His Majesty. Next he presented 10 whale’s teeth to the chiefs.

A ceremonial presentation of native food to the Governor concluded the ceremony.

Fiji’S Customs Figures

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, June 25.

CUSTOMS revenue for Fiji for the first five months of the year show an increase of £21,027 over the estimate.

Import duties totalled £176,515, an increase of £21,515 on the estimate of £155,000. Port and Customs Service import tax realised £12,273, aft increase of £2,690 on the £9,583 estimate. The decrease in Port and Customs Service export tax amounted to £3,178. Total revenue was £192,277, a gross increase of £24,205 on the estimate of £171,250, and this less the decrease of £3,178 in one item, leaves the net increase at £21,027.

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Sloop “Leith’S” Pacific

CRUISE From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND, June 26.

T SAVING Auckland on June 7 to make her annual winter cruise of the Pacific Islands, the Imperial sloop Leith first visited Suva. She arrived in the New Hebrides on June 18 and after visiting several other groups in the Pacific will return to Auckland on September 18.

Although ordinary routine duties will occupy the greater part of her voyage, the Leith embarked the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific (Sir Arthur Richards) at Suva for his first tour of his widely scattered territory since taking office last year.

Following is the Leith’s itinerary: Depart New Hebrides, June 28.

Solomon Islands, June 30 —July 19.

Nauru Island, July 22.

Ocean Island, July 23 —25.

Gilbert Islands, July 26—August 8.

Ellice Islands, August 9 —13.

Rotuma, August 14 —16.

Suva, August 18 —25.

Koro (Fiji), August 25 —26.

Apia, August 28—Sept. 1.

Niuatobutabu (Tonga), September 3—4.

Vavau, Sept. 5 —7.

Lifuka, Sept. 7 —9.

Nukualofa, Sept. 9 —13.

Auckland, Sept. 18.

Mr. G. Bright, Superintendent of the Suva Fire Brigade, was a passenger for Auckland on leave by the Monterey on June 8.

Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Johnson left Suva by the Mariposa in June, for a visit to the United States.

"Mad Pranks "

Gilbertese In A Newspaper Battle TO show how the natives of the Gilbert Islands are acquiring education, and how their minds work, ice published in the April number, exactly as it ivas written, a letter we had received from a Gilbertese, G. I. Kiribati, of Peru. Mr.

Kiribati discussed the questionable benefits of Western civilisation. Another Gilbertese, Mr. T. Temete, does not agree with the opinions of Mr. Kiribati; and we publish the former’s letter, exactly as it was received.

I WOULD like to correct an item, “The Mind of the Gilbertese,” which appears on the P.I.M. of April, 1937, by G. I. Kiribati, of Beru.

The real mind and habit of the Gilbertese are of their fishing ground, cultivation, toddy, and other useful odd work for their homes. They are loyal to their family and race; worry nothing about to-morrow or the next day.

The Government have done great work amongst our race. They put up hospitals throughout the group, and treated the patients kindly, without cost or charge.

The Government erected boarding schools 17 years ago, and educated boys from various islands, and a number of them were transferred to the Central Medical School in Suva, to study medical courses for the benefit of the Gilbertese. A few of them returned and have done excellent work for their race.

I should point out to the readers of the P.I.M. that Teng G. I. Kiribati forwarded one of his mad pranks to be published. We Gilbertese are not illtreated by the Government officials. Teng G. I. Kiribati could not realise that these officers suffer a lot in these islands. The soil is poor and vegetables cannot grow, except the coconut trees, and babai (Arum Cor difolium) , which a European could not use for his meals. The result to them, by living on these, will give them indigestion. These officers have done great and valuable work amongst us, and are keen and interested in our race, and eager to help the Gilbertese.

It is quite certain that the people were made to work: making roads, building sea walls, cleaning the villages, etc. For whose use? For whose cleanliness? If our people did not do those works, we younger generation will face them.

I am willing in future to correct more of these pranks if they happen to appear in the P.I.M.

I am, etc., T. TEMETE.

Ocean Island, 24/6/37. 63 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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Mr. Robert Jones, who is in charge of the building of the new cathedral for the New Guinea Mission at Dogura, Papua, returned to the territory after furlough in Australia by the Montoro in June.

A Fijian Canoe For

TONGA By E. M. Fry IT was in 1865 that the late King George 11. of Tonga went to Fiji with a fleet of 32 canoes as far as Gau Island before joining forces with Cakobau. Recently, like a tiny phantom out of the warring past, but in reality proving to be a peaceable echo of the Methodist Centenary Celebrations held in the Fijian Group in October last, a dark object with a mat sail was seen, far out against the tropical tints of an evening sky, to be rapidly approaching this same island.

Curiosity grew keen as the stranger glided into the bay and anchored close to the shore near the Sawaieke village.

Inspection proved the little craft to be an 18ft. drua (as the Fijians call their twin-canoes), decorated with magi-magi designs, the chiefly bull , and other shells.

A small shelter had been erected on the platform between the two boats, presumably for the accommodation of its three adventurous navigators. Later, when the natives landed, it was learnt that they had sailed from Lakemba, their home town, via Vanuavatu, Moala, to Sawaieke en route to Suva, by way of the Rewa River, there to await embarkation for Tonga.

Hewn out of Fijian hardwood (vesi) by request of Her Majesty Queen Salote of Tonga (who very suitably graced the Methodist Centenary proceedings last year with her presence), the crew who are also the builders have been royally commanded to accompany the now completed gift to its destination, where, according to anticipation, they are to be guests of honour whilst instructing one of her sons in the art of sailing’a Fijian canoe.

It is a well known fact, however, that the ancient Tongans taught the Fijians how to build canoes. The latter, rapidly out-classing their instructors, subsequently became known as the best canoebuilders in the South Pacific. This may. of course, have been due largely to the fact that the Tongans had only soft wood for their use, whereas the Fijians were able to choose a lasting hard wood from the vast supplies of vesi then to be found in the Group. History records that the largest of these ancient canoes (118 ft. in length, with a platform width of 24ft.) was built at Somo Somo, Taveuni.

Now, 72 years later, a comparative model in canoe building has covered in picturesque and ancient fashion its leisurely way over a small portion of the same route taken by its giant predecessors. This gift must further cement the friendship and goodwill between the once combative races. Brought together in the interests of Christianity and civilized progress, this little episode of cause and effect will no doubt have a happy ending in the beautiful kingdom of the only reigning monarch in the Southern Hemisphere, the good Queen Salote.

Cook Islands Commissioner From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, June 22.

ON Monday last, Mr. S. J. Smith, formerly Secretary to the Cook Is.

Department, in Wellington, arrived here to take over his new duties as Resident Commissioner for this Group. He is a verv modest man; and amid the bustle and excitement attending on the departure of Judge Ayson, he preferred to make his official entry as quietly as possible.

Judge Ayson, who is returning to N.Z. after 22 years here as Judge of the High Court and Resident Commissioner, has been the guest of honour at a number of farewell umuTcais and public functions organised by various sections of the community. Each village has vied with the next in the quality and quantity of its entertainment, culminating in a feast of huge proportions given by Makea Nui Tinirau Ariki, at Avarua. On this occasion speeches were made by prominent representatives, both European and Maori, all of which were of the most laudatory nature and as result of which Judge Ayson cannot be in any doubt as to where he stands in the opinion of those who have known him in his several capacities.

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Tahiti Notes

From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, June 20.

GENERAL regret is felt at the departure from the colony of one of the oldest residents of French Oceania, Monsieur E. E. Charlier, who sailed for France on June 4.

During more than 30 years, Monsieur Charlier has held high office in the colony: Justice of the Superior Court, Procureur de la Republique, Governor of the Colony, Tresorier Payeur, Conseiller Prive, Officier de la Legion d’Honneur.

The whole colony and especially those in the colony who are honoured by his friendship, send with him their affection and their earnest wishes that his future years may be as full of happiness and contentment as his past has been of honourable and distinguished service.

Death Of M. Sari

A radiogram on June 9 announced the death at Paris of Monsieur Emile Sari, the Delegate for French Oceania in the Superior Council for the Colonies. The passing of Monsieur Sari will make necessary a new election in the colony to choose a representative in his stead.

Brewery Sold

The local brewery—known as La Brasserie de Tahiti hitherto operated by Monsieur Fermann, has been purchased by Monsieur Emil Martin, the proprietor of the electric light and power company of Papeete. Monsieur Fermann is retiring from active work. The brewery will be operated by Monsieur Martin with a new staff.

Municipal Council

A special election for additional members of the Municipal Council was held at Papeete on May 30. Heretofore the Council has been comprised of 15 members, lately reduced to 13 by death and resignation. By virtue of an old law of 1884, which provides that the Council shall be increased in number of members in proportion to the increase in population, the number has now been increased to 23 members. It was to elect the ten new members necessary that the special election was held.

Famous Plantation

Otumaoro plantation, the most extensive and best developed coconut estate on Tahiti, has recently passed ownership to Monsieur A. Faugerat, Chef du Service de I’Enregistrement et des Domaines of the Colony. Otumaoro is beautifully situated on the west side of Tahiti, at the boundary of the districts of Faaa and Punaauia, It extends inland —a series of branching valleys—far into the hills.

Monsieur Auguste Goupil, the founder of the large and influential family of that name, assembled and planted the properties in the late decades of the last century.

Successful Concert

A soiree, for the benefit of the Protestant School of Papeete and under the patronage of His Excellency, the Governor, was held at the local theatre on the evening of June 2.

The varied programme of singing, cos- 65 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23. 19 3 7

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Price ! Magazine Cine-Kodak with f/1.9 Lens -------- £4O Combination Carrying Case - - £4/5/-. Case for Camera only - - - 17/6 Of all Kodak Dealers throughout the Islands and KODAK (Australasia) PTY. LTD. 379 G “g®|y STREET lume dances and tableaux was presented by the pupils and younger graduates of the school. It was a. charming performance. The large audience, which filled the theatre to overflowing, were so delighted with the perfection of each presentation, that every number had to be repeated. The actors and those who trained them are to be congratulated.

Requests from all quarters that a second performance be presented were granted, and it was repeated before a very large and delighted audience on June 11. Programme: Comic Film.

Overture by Tahitian choir (words by M. Emile Tetiarahi).

Infants’ number, prepared by the Salle d’Asile.

Saxophone Quartette. by MM. Bambridge, Nordman, and Spitz.

Japanese Fantasy—Miles. Bambridge, Bourne, Higgins, Lucas, Marchal, Miller, Martin, Mersman, Rey, Tumahai, Teariki, Thompson, Varney, Williams.

Guitar Quintette —MM. Bambridge, Coleman, Frogier, Palmer, Spitz.

One Act Play—Miles. Higgins, Lucas, Marchal, Timiona, Vienot.

Songs of Breton —Miles. Adams, Bexter, Garnier. Mate, Nimau, Vonegut, Wohler; MM. Bambridge, Dexter, Grant, Ki-Sang, Martin, Peata, Tumahai.

Songs and Dances of Samoa —Arranged by Madame Charles Spitz; by Miles. Bambridge, Bourne, Higgins, Lucas, Miller, Mersman, Martin, Marchal, Nimau, Rey, Thompson, Tumahai, Teariki.

Readers in Central Pacific may be interested to know that the Siva dances, under the training and leadership of Madame Spitz (a charming and beautiful daughter of Samoa) were cheered and recalled repeatedly and were declared authentic in execution by members of the audience who have lived in Samoa.

There is one thing a gathering of this kind brings vividly to our attention — that the handsome mothers of our islands have given us daughters worthy to carry on the reputation of Tahiti for the beauty and charm of her womenfolk.

Religion And The People

May 21 was a gala day in the Rurutu colony on Tahiti, for it was the occasion of the dedication of their new Fare Putuputuraa (assembly house) recently erected in the new section of Papeete, to the eastward of the old. town.

Fare Putuputaraa are auxiliary to the churches throughout the islands. Each district has its central church building, where Sunday services are held morning and afternoon. In the evenings the people gather in their assembly houses of which there are usually several scattered about the district. The presiding officer, a deacon, proposes a verse or verses of scripture together with questions relative to the interpretation thereof. A spirited debate follows in which both men and women take part. Some of the speakers are talented orators and exhibit admirable balance in their arguments. At intervals between speeches there is singing, generally after the Tahitian manner.

The Rurutu people hold tenaciously to their native customs. Their island—one of the Austral Group, south of Tahiti — is indeed one of the few unspoiled by European influences now remaining in the South Pacific.

Cruiser At Tahiti

The French cruiser Rigault de Genouilly arrived at Papeete from Saigon, Indo- China, on June 1. She will remain on the Tahiti station until October. It is customary to keep a warship in these waters during the period between May and October of each year. 66 Pacific Islands Monthly. July *l 3 .

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The Ke Rmadecs

Now To Be Officially Surveyed REFERENCE to Anglo-American competition for ownership of islands of hitherto unsuspected value is contained in an article on “Canton Is.” elsewhere in this issue.

Another development is the quiet departure, by the N.Z. Government motorvessel Maui Pomare, from Wellington, on July 12, of a N.Z. official expedition, for the Kermadec Islands, which lie between Auckland and the Tongan Group. The party includes a surveyor, an engineer, a radio operator and a water-diviner.

Officials have been reticent about the expedition; but it is known that the party carries one year’s supplies, and that the Kermadecs lie on the direct airmail route between Hawaii and New Zealand.

The party will establish a meteorological station, to give weather reports to trans-Pacific aeroplanes.

The development has an amusing side, because only a few weeks ago the N.Z.

Minister for Lands, warned people against a plan made by a private company to settle people on Sunday Island (largest of the Kermadecs). The Minister (Mr. Langstone, of Samoan “Goodwill Mission” fame) declared that, if a settlement were placed on Sunday Island, the N.Z. Government would accept no responsibility and certainly would not provide communications. There is no harbour or sheltered anchorage there.

But the Pan-American Airways search for islands, suitable as airports, has altered all that.

EDITORIAL NOTE.—The Kermadecs were named by the French navigator, D’Entrecasteaux, in 1793. In 1837, two British men. Baker and Re d, with two Samoan girls as settled on Sunday Island, and farmed and fished and sold their produce to whalers. Baker, after a visit to Samoa in 1842, introduced goats, which still are numerous. About 1843, the Reid family departed.

A little later, earthquakes became frequent (there is considerable thermal activity there) and the Baker family also left, and the island was deserted. An American settler named Halstead arrived in 1850, and Henry Cook, with his Maori wife# and daughter, and two Maoris and their wives, in 1851. Eruptions, two years later, drove out the Cook party; but the others remained : and there was quite a settlement there. When a pest-ship came in 1861, and an epidemic killed a number of the inhabitants of Sunday Island.

The remainder fled. Another party of immigrants were frightened away by eruptions in 1869.

Other attempts at settlement failed. When I was ashore there in 1914, an old settler named Bell and his family were in occupation ; but they left soon after that. A small British community has become established during the past three years.

Sunday Island has 7,200 acres, and is fertile, well-wooded and well-watered, and a beautiful and pleasant place, with a mild and equable climate. There are several rocky islets scattered about in the vicinity, comprising the Kermadec group ; -but they are only a few acres in extent. —R.W.R.

Sir Maynard Hedstrom, managing director of Messrs. Morris, Hedstrom Ltd., of Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga, arrived in Sydney from Suva by the Mariposa on July 12. He was accompanied by Lady Hedstrom. 67 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

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WEIGHTS AND ASSAYS. are assured to producers and sellers of gold bullion who forward their consignments to The Electrolytic Refining and Smelting Co. of Aust. Ltd. for treatment and realisation.

RECORD PRICE.—On 6th March, 1935, this company paid to its clients at the rate of £9/4/6 net per fine ounce, which is the highest price ever paid for gold in Australia.

SPECIALLY ORGANISED SER- VICE is available to clients in New Guinea, Fiji and other Pacific Island centres.

Address consignments from outside Australia to the Company’s Weighing a Pacific Islands consignment of Sydney office. gold bullion at an E.R. & S. receiving office.

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Of Australia Limited

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Pacific Islands Mining Notes From Fiji

Review Of Fiji Gold Companies’

ACTIVITIES A COMPREHENSIVE review of what has been don e —and what is likely to be done in the future—by the main gold-seeking concerns in Fiji was issued on June 21 by Williams and Gosling Ltd., Stock and Sharebrokers, of Suva. The bulletin was as follows: Emperor Mines Ltd: Emperor or Loloma shares should be good buying for a rise before the end of the year. At the meeting of the Emperor Co. in November last it was stated that the mill was expected to begin crushing in September, 1937, and reports since indicate no change in that estimate. Mr. H. J. C. Connolly, geologist of Western Mining Corporation Ltd., reported in September last that ore reserves amounted to 720,000 tons, of which developed oxidised ore aggregated 620,000 tons and telluride ore 50,000 tons. Partly developed ore, consisting principally of telluride, was estimated at 50,000 tons. The value of the oxidised ore was estimated at 10 dwt. fine gold a ton and the value of the telluride ore as being probably higher. The estimate did not include any ore from the Regent lode. Plant is expected to handle 12,000 tons a month, giving a life, on that estimate, of five years.

Capital consists of 1,500,000 shares of 10/each, fully paid, and there are 350,000 shares under option at par to the vendor until March 15, 1938. _ It must be assumed that the option will be exercised, making capital 1,850.000 shares At (Mr m E C S Th Ve “ ber . the managing director lbe ° dore) said that the proved gold would work out at 35/8 a share but that estimate apparently did not allow for the exercL of t option over 350.000 shares. Allowing foV toe of Sl i 6 old f I 6 Sh^ r6S f ° r cash at 10/ -’ the amount 31/ i the mine at that time would represent h J' oof C ° sts w u ere expected to be materially 72f) noft 2 ?nn a^° n ’ hut ,’. taking that figure for 720,000 tons, they would work out at about 8/years 6 ’ eavmg 23 /“ a share profit over five Since then a good deal of development work has been done, the latest report stating that an internal shaft has reached a depth of 45ft. below No. 2 level, the average value for the full depth being 21 2 dwt. This indicates an important addition to probable ore reserves, and the average value is more than double the estimate average for the mine above the No. 2 level. Allowing for the probability that exploratory work may continue to increase the ore reserves, and for developments in other parts of the property— notably, the Regent lode—the shares should be an excellent risk at their present price of about 16/-.

Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L.: Issued capital of Loloma is 645,000 contributing shares of 5/-, paid to 1/6, and 180,000 shares fully paid at 5/ in all, 825,000 shares. A year ago the general manager’s estimate of ore reserves was 105,130 tons of an average value of practically 30 dwt., or 156,5290 z. fine gold. On the assumption that costs were as high as £2 a ton, and taking gold at £8 an ounce, to allow for incomplete recovery, a profit of £939,000 would result, equivalent to 22/9 a share, from ore reserves as at that date.

Since that report, however, there have been further important and extensive developments.

The No. 1 adit has been extended by nearly 350 ft. to 975 ft., with variable values, but on the whole giving a very considerable increase in probable ore reserves. In addition, the main shaft has been sunk to 244 ft., and it is intended to crosscut at 224 ft. There has also been much development in other parts of the mine, which must have added considerably to the value of the property. For example, the main shaft passed through lode from 151 ft. to 165 ft., of an average assay value of 17Jdwt. over a width of 2ft. Sins.

A report for the four weeks to April 7 stated that a 'new make of stone in the No. 2 adit averaged 20dwt. over a width of 60ins. when driven on for 9ft. For the next 18ft. the lode was very disturbed, but then became more settled, the last 15ft. averaging 28dwt. over a width of 33ins.

When first struck, the lode showed tellurides and assayed 50dwt. The No. 14 shaft is being sunk some distance ahead of the No. 2 adit, in ore carrying values, and it would appear that the Loloma lode has a length of about 2,000 ft. as so far developed.

These are only a few examples of the important developments which have taken place in various parts of the mine. Taking into account the proved ore and the very great possibilities, we think the shares are cheap at about 19/6. Production is expected to commence shortly, and the plant is designed to "treat a minimum of 50$ tons a week, which would give the mine a life of some four years, on the basis of known and probable ore as at July 31 last; but developments since that date and work still in hand should increase the life materially.

Koroere Gold N.L.: The following is the last report from this mine, June 12: West Cardigan Lode south shaft crosscut west at 32ft. cut <tft. flat make values 17dwt. per ton. North drive 42 to 65ft., average value 15 dwt. per ton crosscut east at 65ft., values 24 dwt. per ton over 21ft. face similar ore.

The accounts for the year ended January 31 show that there is £2,656 (Australian currency) in hand. In his report, the managing director (Mr. E. G. Theodore) suggested that the Co.’s properties be merged into one of the other mining 68 f, ° cifN islands Monthly, J u | y 23i , 937

Apr. 20 May 15 June 12 July 10 Tons, crushed ...... 2356 2025 2236 2333 Head value, dwt. 8.9 10.0 9.8 9.4 Fine gold, oz. ... 960.5 933 951.3 953.7 Dwt. per ton ... 8.1 7.9 8.5 8.1 Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd.

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381 PITT STREET, SYDNEY companies now operating and erecting milling plants on the field, and that the Emperor Co. could treat at its new plant the ore from both Cardigan and Koroere at a rate of, say, 200 tons per week, without disadvantage to its own programme. All that would be needed for the Koroere plant is some additional mining equipment for ore breaking, the making of about 120 chains of metalled roadway, and two or three motor vehicles to transport the ore.

After considering these suggestions the directors are of opinion that it will be better to continue the present developmental policy for a further 12 months with a view to obtaining further information in regard to the several ore bodies on the Co.’s properties. With this object in view it is intended to carry out further development work designed to indicate whether it would be better in the interests of the Co. to install its own mining and treatment plant, or to enter into negotiations for absorption by another company, as suggested by the managing director.

It is estimated that another call of 6d per share should, with the funds now in hand, be sufficient to carry out this work.

Pacific Gold N.L.: The directors of Pacific Gold announce that they have abandoned the option at Wainivesi (Fiji), but will continue investigatory work elsewhere.

Mineral Developments and Tavua Developments: No recent reports are available.

MT. KASI MINES LTD.

Mount Kasi Mines Limited, Vanua Levu, Fiji, reported early in July that production, etc., over the past four months had been; Mar. 25 Apl. 22f May 20 June 17 Ore, tons ...... 2,600 2,310 2,566 2.408 Gold, fine oz. 447 655 576 597 Value. £A ...... 3,911 5,731 5.040 5.223 fMill closed for five days for Easter and for repairs.

LOLOMA (FIJI) GOLD MINES N.L.

Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L., Tavua, Fiji, has issued the following progress report on operations for the five and a half weeks ended June 12: No. 2 Adit: S. drive off E. xcut at 210 ft. advanced 89ft., to 553 ft. From 464 to 510 ft., averaged 7.3 dwt. a ton over 46in. Remainder 5.9 dwt.“ a ton over 23in. No. 1 Adit: Further 109 ft. of stripping done, and permanent timber put in. Total, 563 ft. Construction Work: Timber work for conveyors practically completed. Framing and decking in rolls section also. Assembly of roaster mechanism well in hand. Completed steel work for classifier and superstructure for agitators. Riveting of thickeners in progifss.

Commenced assembly of filters. Completed foundations for timber structures of filter section and frame work started. Gold solution tank in course of riveting. Calcine and amalgam furnaces completed. Main building erection well in hand.

EMPEROR MINES LTD.

Developmental work of Empei’or Mines Ltd., Tavua, Fiji, continues to disclose profitable values and is proving additions to the ore reserves.

Occasional good telluride specimens have been revealed in the formation in extending a short crosscut at 1979 ft. east at the No. 2 (190 ft.) level.

Recent crushing have been: — From New Guinea SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT LTD.

THE return of Sunshine Gold Development Ltd., for June, shows a production of 186 oz. gold, the statement of hours worked and cubic, yards treated being now issued on a quarterly basis.

As sluicing operations were suspended from June 2 to June 8, owing to repairs to the water race, the production covers a working time of about three weeks, but it shows a profit, the company reports, over and above the full month’s expenses.

Shareholders have received a circular from the company stating that while the diversion of the Watut River is being awaited, it has been found necessary to work ground which is below the average value of the property. The diversion of the river has been in progress for some time and may take another two months. The Co.’s boring plan indicates that on completion of the diversion the values available for sluicing will be above the average. The diversion is stated to be essential to the proper working of the property and is being carried out without any heavy capital expenditure.

(Continued Overleaf)

69 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Mar. Apr. May June Yards 9934 8611 8590 8124 Oold, oz 262 160 132 232 Value, cub. yd. ... 3/11$ 2/9$ 2/3$ 4/3$ Mar.

Apr.

May Edie Creek mill: Gold, oz. fine 795 1,801 1,435 Silver, oz. fine 1,591 4,228 3,145 Alluvial: Gold, oz. fine 850 702 854 Silver, oz. fine 532 513 603 Gold Ridges mill: Gold, oz. fine 819 758 581 Silver, oz. fine 747 860 587 Operating profit: Edie Creek t£1.038 £7,449 £4,127 Alluvial £3,293 £2,532 £3,373 Golden Ridges £1,690 £563 £592 |Loss due to mill ] having shut down for 14 days while the shaft was retimbered.

Mar.

April 4- May 6 June 7 July 7 Bulolo: Hours 525 Cub. yd. „ 18,000 12,000 14,000 15,000 Gold, oz. ... 84 60 50 . 24 Morobe: Hours 575 Cub. yd. ... 3,800 4,500 5,500 Gold, oz. ... 71 7Bt 60 110 ■{•Partial clean up. tApril May June Cubic yards 977,000 901,000 780,000 Bullion, oz 12,101 11,261 13.876 Gold, fine, oz 8,390 7,746 9,627 Aust. currency* £73,4I2£ £67.777$ £84,236 Per cubic yard ...... /18.0 /17.9 /25.9 Working profit £53,086 £53,865 £54,626 •At fA8/15/- per fine ounce. •{■Including 100,000 cubic yards tailings.

Reduced output in April and May was due to changing the courses of two dredges, which required the digging of a large volume of tailings and overburden.

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Enterprise Of New Guinea

A report issued by Enterprise of New Guinea jold and Petroleum Development N.L. on June's stated: Sluicing continued at Surprise Creek mine since Way 23, with three nozzles. Small yardage treated 4405 yards) due to large boulders met in wash, nost of which had to be drilled and blasted before hey could be disposed of. At Edie Creek mine, jyanidation plant nearing completion. In readiness for installation of rock crusher. Expected o be delivered shortly. Dam to impound 480,000 itres of water nearing completion. Additional vater right granted as a safeguard against possible shortage of water for mining and general purposes. Progress in drainage adit delayed owing to running ground having been met. Face advanced to 428 ft. from portal. No. 1 W. drive, main lode, advanced in ore to 631 ft. from portal.

At grass, 270 tons ore awaiting treatment.

Samples taken as No. 1 W. drive advanced, gave assays ranging from 4 dwt. 4.8 grs. to 10 dwt. 9.6 grs. gold and 3 oz, 4 dwt. 14.4 grs. to 14 oz. 9.6 grs. silver, a ton.

SANDY CREEK GOLD SLUICING LTD.

The mine manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing Limited reported in July that a comparison of recent yields showed: The June return does not include yield from No. 2 plant, which was not in full production until July because of initial troubles.

N.G. Goldfields Limited

At the end of June, New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. reported as follows; UPPER WATUT GOLD ALLUVIALS N.L.

At a meeting of creditors of Upper Watut Gold Alluvials N.L. in Melbourne, at the end of June, Mr. A. E. Llewellyn, legal manager of the company, was appointed liquidator. Representing Guinea Airways Ltd., Mr, A. Phillips said that his clients wished for an independent liquidator.

There was no seconder to his nomination.

A statement of affairs presented at the meeting showed that expenditure amounting to £225,738 had been incurred in 2£ years. The deficiency over the period was £66,043. Details of expenditure were: Water race, hydro station, gravel pumps, elevator, £114,250; other developmental and sluicing operations, £55,210; lease purchase and preliminary expenses, £.46,060/6/5 ; amounts owing by debtors, etc., £10,217/9/5; total. £225,737/15/10. Cash receipts included; Applications and allotments, £60,000 ; calls, £90,000 ; gold (estimate), £9,695; deficiency (amount owing creditors), £66,042/15/10. The Co. has no assets outside New Guinea.

BULOLO GOLD DEPOSITS LTD.

The last report from Bulolo Deposits Ltd compared recent productions as follows: BULOLO GOLD DREDGING LTD.

Production for the four dredges of the Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., for June, compares with that of the previous two periods as follows: From Papua CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLDMINE LTD.

ON July 6, the general manager of Cuthbert’s Misima Goldmine Ltd., Papua, stated: The new 10 head of stamps has been running satisfactorily for seven days, one shift daily. This 70 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

April May June Mill treated, tons 2,066 1,900 2.046 Bullion, oz. 2,085 2.433 2.269 Gold, fine oz . 473 570 612 Silver, fine oz. 1,529 1,768 1,570 Estimated value (f A8 oz) £3,869 £4,662 £4,983 Value, per ton 37/5 49/1 48/9 - FIJI Mid-Feb.

Mid-May.

Mid-July.

Emperor Mines Granite Dev. b20/9 bl/b!6/7J s9d b!4/6 s8d Koroere b4/9 b4/s5/b!9/6 bl/- Loloma b24/U bl/9 b!9/7J b2/- Minex-al Dev.

Mt. Kasi b5/6 b7/5 b6/- Mt. Morgan Dev. b8d b7d b6d Tavua Dev b7d b3d b3d Vatu Kasia Vees United s3d s3/9 bid s2/9

New Guinea

Bulolo Deposits _. bl/4 bl/4i bl/1 Bulolo G.D Enterprise of N.G. &£7/15/b£6/19/b£5/10/and Petroleum b£2/10/b£5/2/6 cl C /C b£4/7/6 b!3/3 Guinea Gold s!6/s3d b9d b3/9J Irowat olO/ 0 q1 Mox-obe All.

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New Guinea. Solomon Islands

and all other South Sea Islands. battery will continue working one shift daily this week, by which time the remaining concrete vats are expected to be completed. It is then anticipated that sufficient labour will be released to truck additional ore from the mine and work a second shift on the mill.

Production statements since April compare as follows: In addition to bullion produced in June, £265 worth of gold slags was shipped to Sydney and realised.

MANDATED ALLUVIALS N.L.

Arrangements for the construction and erection of Mandated Alluvials N.L. plant in Papua are now well in hand. The construction and working of the plant will be supervised by Mr. Robert Chant, formerly with the Mount Morgan Co., who is fully conversant with the type of ore produced at the company’s mine.

AURUM DREDGING DEVELOPMENT N.L.

The area of Aurum Dredging Development N.L. under test in Papua, could not give results that would warrant large scale operations, although certain isolated sections might be suitable for working by small parties. Shareholders were informed to this effect by the chairman of directors (Mr. C, G. Lyon), at the annual meeting in Melbourne recently. He said the engineer had been instructed to withdraw from the area, and the option had been adandoned.

From New Caledonia CHROME ALLUVIALS LTD.

THE consulting engineer of Chrome Alluvials 1 Ltd. (Mr. A. Mackintosh Reid) has arrived in New Caledonia and, with his assistant engineer, is assembling plant and organising a labour force to install the first unit of working plant.

The tractor plant went forward with the engineer and orders have been placed for portion of the ore dredging plant. The registration of a local working company is in hand. A further 260 hectares have been taken up to consolidate the water supply. There is gooff chrome on this area according to reports, but the Co. has not examined it yet.

Quotations for Islands Gold Shares 71 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Certain Be certain that your choice of ammunition is RIGHT that EVERY cartridge can be relied upon for absolute accuracy in performance.

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Agents Throughout The Islands

Lost Vitality

quickly and safely restored by taking the famous DR. HENRI’S NU-VIGOR VITAL- ITY PILLS, giving wonderful results for Loss of Power and Nervous Exhaustion.

Week’s trial 3/6; month’s supply 10/6 (posted free). Extra-Strong Prescription for obstinate cases 7/6 and 21/-. Stimulates the vital forces. All communications strictly confidential. Call or write for FREE ADVICE and literature to H. P. MICHAEL, Chemist MICHAEL’S BUILDINGS.

COR. ELIZABETH & LONSDALE STS., MELBOURNE Ask for Free Catalogue and Price List of Medical Goods, etc. All lines stocked. children. The schooners Muruk, Kwong Chow, Nercus and Incluna Star —the latter with a broken boom (caused by being thrown against B.P.’s store by the tidal wave, but luckily brought back to sea again by the same wave) —also were doing a noble job carrying their loads of human freight to Kokopo—15 miles distant.

Animated Scene At Nordup

The scene ashore on the beach at Nordup was one of animation. It was literally covered by a human mass of Europeans, Chinese, and natives, and in the immediate background hundreds of motor-cars and trucks were to be seen.

Behind towered the Mt. Mother crater.

Fortunately the wind was favourable, and Nordup was not affected by the pumice dust or smoke.

The embarkation was slow, but the discipline and lack of panic was most marked and one felt proud to be British.

It wanted only a sign of panic from one of the white women or men and the natives would have run amok—as it was, the Chinese were inclined to panic.

The Montoro now was being packed with a mass of European women, children, and men—the majority dressed in scanty clothing. The natives had gathered most of their earthly belongings and they were a’ motley sight coming aboard — some maimed and crippled — carrying their baskets, parrots, dogs, primus stoves, hurricane lamps, camphor boxes, etc. During the afternoon the Montoro's pinnaces kept hauling their life-boats full of refugees and it seemed, as one looked on the beach, that we were making no impression whatever. At 6.45 p.m. five hours after we anchored, orders were given to lift the “pick” and we were under way for Kokopo, with 200 Europeans and 5,000 natives aboard and not a casualty during the whole embarkation.

During all this, the wireless operator on the Montoro w r as still on duty, sending and receiving messages. At one time it was estimated that there were over 1,000 messages waiting to be sent to relatives and friends announcing that the senders were safe and sound. The operator, Mr.

Norman Odgers, was at his post for 72 hours on end.

Some New Arrivals

Monday morning at dawn, the scene was one never to be forgotten. The natives were discharged first of all, and in a lighter vein one might mention that during the night we had added to our number, as a “Mary” (native woman) had given birth to a child. Also a cow had calved and a dog had given birth to three puppies!

As we gazed on the two volcanoes belching forth we wondered how this could have been the same peaceful scene we saw and admired as we steamed into the harbour four days previously. Meantime the old German capital HCrbertshoke, now named Kokopo, had a population of 800 Europeans, 1,000 Chinese, and 10,000 natives—nearly all refugees.

We stood by at Kokopo until the Thursday (June 3) and during that time the residents of Rabaul had every reason to remember always the Montoro, Captain W. Michie (her commander), and his officers and crew. Nothing was a trouble.

Food was supplied, baths were prepared; in fact, anything within reason was always at hand with a smile. We passengers were more or less helpless and all we could do was to give a cheery word and assist with a kindly smile, or by donating some clothing to those who were less fortunate than ourselves.

We were now running short of water and certain foodstuffs, which was giving the chief steward and his. staff a little concern, but even then at no time were the refugees or the passengers short.

Luckily, we were able to replenish our water supply at Madang.

The task of billeting and rationing the evacuated people was no light one, and too much credit cannot be given to the Vunapope Catholic Mission at Kokopo. where the majority of the women refugees were given shelter and cared for with every comfort. The work of allocating European, Asiatic, and native refugees to their various areas was carried on through the day. All neighbouringplantations became homes of refuge, and the willing spirit with which everyone worked was one of the outstanding features of the situation.

Returning to Kokopo 11 days later, 72 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937 Evacuation of Rabaul

(Continued From Page 16)

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Capacities: Weight : 5 ton. 10 lbs.

In Use Throughout New Guinea

Unsurpassed in Constructional Work—moving boulders from alluvial workings—and for all mining purposes.

The Strongest Winches, For Their

Weight, In The World

Delivery ex Sydney stocks.

Particulars from:

Nelson & Robertson

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Cables: IVAN SYDNEY

A Recent Launching From The Halvorsen Yards

’‘Built-in" Staunchness, Roominess and Maximum Ventilation, are features of this new Twin-Screw Motor Vessel constructed for service in the tropics. 70 feet in length, with beam of 16 feet, she is powered by a pair of 44 H.P. Diesel Engines.

M. V."SIRIUS"

Built To The Order

OF THE

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ADMINISTRATION ★

Lars Halvorsen Sons ™

SHIPBUILDERS, NEUTRAL BAY, DESIGNERS. SYDNEY, MARINE ENGINEERS. N.S.W. after visiting outports, I was able to get aboard one of the schooners and go into Rabaul. Sailing down the harbour one could see the wholesale destruction to the plantations caused by the eruption.

Being a returned soldier, I was reminded of the Somme battle-fields after a gas attack —everything seemed dead, the result of the sulphur fumes and pumice dust.

We eventually reached the wharf and the scene that met us was one of desolation. The foreshores were strewn with wreckage. Schooners and small craft were beached high and dry—the result of a tidal wave. A wharf belonging to Messrs. W. R. Carpenter and Cos. was totally destroyed, and the Government piledriver and punt was resting quite comfortably in Burns, Philp and Co.’s timber yard. As we entered the town a putrid smell filled our nostrils. The air was thick with dust and we were compelled to place handkerchiefs over our mouth and nose to prevent choking.

Like A Ghost City

The beautiful garden city of Rabaul was no more. Instead, Nature had dealt a cruel blow and it was like a ghost city, with everything covered inches thick with pumice dust, and not a sign of vegetation to be seen anywhere.

I visited several homes and the sight was a sad one. Tea-cups were still where they had been left, on the verandahs and tables. Ice-chests still had foodstuffs in them, now putrid. In all, the scene was rather frightful. The police and Administration were in charge of the town, and natives and native prisoners were clearing the debris from the roofs and streets and cutting down the limbs of trees damaged by the weight of mud and pumice.

All water tanks, etc., were condemned, and we had to rinse our parched throats from water taken in bottles from Kokopo.

One wonders if the Administration were wise in ordering residents to return to Rabaul. Personally, I am of the opinion that they will be lucky if they escape an outbreak of malaria or dysentery. The majority of the womenfolk did not want to return. Business interests were unwilling to spend more money in Rabaul, and some firms have established permanent stores at Kokopo.

Cocoa Planter’S Loss

Plantations on the North Coast suffered most and overnight one planter lost his cocoa crop and plantation, valued at £30,000. The personal losses of the individuals no doubt will never be known as most of their goods and chattels were either destroyed by pumice and mud, or pitted by the sulphur fumes.

Since the Montoro left on her return to Sydney several gurias have taken place at Rabaul, and residents have returned to Kokopo. Thousands of natives have “gone bush.” No doubt a terrific amount of cleaning up will have to be done before Rabaul is once again the town it was. Even then it is questionable if it ever will again be a large commercial centre, as I am sure commercial interests will not take any risks.

They probably will prefer to spread their activities over the other ports of the territory.

Mr. James Scott Neill, British Agent and Consul in Tonga, has been appointed Administrator of Dominica, British West Indies.

Mr. A. W. Ottawa, of Riverstone Meat Cos. Ltd., will leave Sydney by the Montoro on August 10, on a business visit to Papua and New Guinea. 73 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Sydney'S Leading

SAILMAKER and RIGGER Also Manufacturer of all Canvas and Rope Work ISLANDS WORK a Speciality

Harry Wl<>T

Balmain East, SYDNEY Tel. W 1105 Ship Chandlery Hardware [ Write for Ship Chandlery Catalogue ]

Broomfield'S Limited

152 SUSSEX STREET :: SYDNEY Cables "Boom," Sydney Special "In Bond" Prices for all Islands enquiries quoted on application.

Sole Agents for: Large and Complete Stocks of

Ship Chandlery

IRONMONGERY OF ALL KINDS, PAINTS,

White Lead And Oils

P. H. Muntz & Co.'S 3-Crown Brand Metal Sheathing

PEACOCK & BUCHANS' ENGLISH READY - MIXED PAINTS.

F. M. Marine Diesel Engines

60 H.P. MODEL 36 WITH REDUCTION GEAR Write for details to FAIRBANKS-MORSE CO. (Aust.) LID. BOX 2672 “■ 5.P.0., SYDNEY PASSENGERS PER NEPTUNA WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From N.G. Ports On

JULY 5: Messrs. Bailey, Briggs, Collins. Clark, Clout, Fulton, Glasson, Hawkins, Harrison, Jackson, Lucas, McClafferty, Marshall, Livingstone, Moloney, O’Sullivan. Parker, Pianta. Phelps, de Plater, Stephenson, Titcombe, Thomson, Theieen, Winters, Weston, Webb. Mesdames Anderson, Adlay, Bliss, Brown, Clark (4), Cruickshank, Dowsett, Dwyer, Dockrill, Edgar, Heinicke, Hawnt, Hanley, Jackson, Livingstone, McClafferty, Moran, Maclean, Murphie, Moloney, McEwan, Phelps, Parer, Shoppee, Smith (2), Schmidt, Thonnthwaite. Misses Adlay (2), Bonnett, Frewin, MacGregor, McEwan, Peebles, Wallace.

Passengers Per Malaita Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR SOLOMON IS- LANDS AND RABAUL (N.G.) ON JULY 10: Messrs. Allen, Aitken, Atkinson. Allen, Brady, Barton, Bennett. Boye, Bollinger. Cavanagh, Chapman, Corry (2), Carlyon, Chapman, Dixon, Freeman. Guest, Green, Halpin, Hill, Jones, Klaucke, Lucas, Low, Lees, Monckton, Masterman, Mason (2), Mapletoft, Newman, O’Brien, Pease, Paul, Roberts, Sloan, Stackpool, Thomas, Thompson, Weigall. Mesdames Aitken, Atkinson, Baddeley, Bennett, Corry, Clarke, Colley, Dram, Dixon. Farrow, Green. Irvine (2), Lucas, Klaucke, Newman, Pease, Weigall. Misses Burgess, Collins, Cannon. Campbell, Cunningham. Dawes.

Devir. Egan, Fry, Fitzgerald, Hackett. Lewis.

Lemon, Mcßride, Poole, Radcliffe, Riley.

Passengers Per Neptuna Which

Sailed From Sydney For New Guinea

PORTS ON JULY 14: Messrs. Allen, Atkins, Butcher, Ballam, Birrell, Brabham, Beaney, Barracluff, Byrne, Carpenter, Cash, Dillon, Davies, Ehret, Flanagan, Feetum, Foley. Fahey, Grove, Hodgkiss, Hitchcock, Hargreaves, Laird, Lawson, Mainwaring, Malcolm. Moon, Nettleship, Osborne, Pearse, Pollard, Preston, de Russett, Ryan, Sweetapple, Sullivan, Watts, Wyatt, Wales.

Wood. Mesdames Atkins, Brown, Ehret, Feetum, Graham, Gilmore, Hertz, Hutchinson, Laird, Malcolm, McLean, Swanson, Wood. Misses Mclnnes, O’Brien.

Passengers Per Tanda Which Sailed

FROM SYDNEY FOR RABAUL, NEW GUINEA, ON JULY 14: Messrs. Burke, Tracey, Gaskin, Templeton, Kent, Brain, Wintonbrown, Bruce, Flatman. Mesdames Burke, McNicoll, Venning, Bennie. Master Bennie. Drs. Woolnough and Stehn.

Mr. Norman H. Macdonald, an old and esteemed resident of Samoa, died in New Zealand in June at the age of 75.

Pacific Is. Travellers

(Continued From Page 1)

Buying.

Selling.

Telegraphic transfer — £125 0 0 'On Demand — — £123 0 0 124 17 6 30 days — — — — 122 15 0 124 15 0 60 days — 122 10 0 124 12 6 90 days 122 5 0 124 10 0 120 days — — — — 122 0 0 124 7 6 Use - - Modern Direct Wireless Services for Your Communications

With Australia And Overseas

DIRECT WIRELESS SERVICES are available tor inter-communication between the Islands of the Pacific and for traffic between the Islands and Australia and overseas countries.

Services are now in operation between Papua and Sydney, New Guinea and Sydney, New Caledonia and Sydney, and Fiji and Sydney. Speedy, economical and efficient service to Australia and overseas. Route your traffic "Via the Wireless Service."

For overseas traffic to Great Britain.

North and South America, and all European countries, route your message via the Direct Australian

Beam Wireless Service

Lodge Your Messages At Any

Wireless Station Or Island Post

Office Routed "Via Wireless"

Amalgamated Wireless

(A'Sia) Limited

Islands Produce Coffee THE following quotations were obtained in Sydney during July: Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment, Sydney :—Quote No. 1: 33/6 per cwt. ; quote No. 2: 26/- per Vwt. . , _ , Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.: —No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”, 60/-; grade “B”, 58/-; grade “C”, No. 2 quotations: Grade “A”, 60/-; grade "B”, 55/-; grade “C”, 53/-: Triage. 52/-. No. 3 quotations: Grade “B”, 56/-; grade “C”, 50/-.

Mysore, f.a.q., prompt shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt.: —No. 1 quotations: Grade “A”, 65/-; grade “B”, 61/-. No, 2 quotations: Season closed, last prices were: Grade *‘B”, 66/-; Triage, 60/-.

Arabian (Aden) Hodeidah. f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney:—No. 1 quotation: 60/per cwt. No. 2 quotation: 58/- per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the following additional charges: Exchange, duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent), landing costs (1/- per cwt.)- Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapes most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.i.f. official prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid- July were: — Average Java 7Jd. per lb., and Japara, 7 7-16 d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: Cocoa beans, £52 per ton.

Quote No. 2: Accra, good fermented, £37/10/per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Cotton London c.i.f. prices for cotton during the month were: June 18, 6.71 d. lb.. July shipment; June 25, 6.85 d. lb., July shipment; July 2,6.71 d. lb., August shipment; July 9,6.85 d. lb., August shipment ; July 16, 6.66 d. lb.. August shipment.

Ivory Nuts No. 1 quotation; £l3 per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

No. 2 quotation: £l3 per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Green Snail Shell Green snail shell, good quality, was quoted by Sydney buyers in mid-July at £6O per ton.

Rice Rangoon rice, packed in 1001 b. or 2001 b. bags, £l3/10/- per ton f.o.b. Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 561 b. bags, £l6/10/- per ton.

Trochus Shell Nominal quotations for trochus shell from two different sources were: » (a) Trochus shell. No. 1 grade £lOl Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £97 Trochus shell, No. 3 grade £B4 (b) Trochus shell, No. 1 grade £102?

Trochus shell, No. 2 grade £9si Trochus shell, No. 3 grade £Bsj All quotes are f.0.b., and on the Australian £.

Exchange Hates THE following exchange quotations, gathered in • Sydney, show the rates existing in July: FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying £Alll/2/6, selling £AII3.

Fiji-London on basis £lOO London: Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £llO 15 0 £ll2 0 0 On demand £llO 12 6 £lll 17 6

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

Bank Of New South Wales

in Australia Francs to £ Australian Australia on Papeete Average for week ended 21/6/’37 86.98 Average for week ended 28/6/’37 86.98 Average for week ended 5/7/’37 97.40* Average for week ended 12/7/’37 100.71 Average for week ended 19/7/’37 101.35 Francs to £ Australia on Noumea Australian Average for week ended 21/6/’37 87.33 Average for week ended 28/6/’37 87.27 Average for week ended 5/7/’37 97.39'' Average for week ended 12/7/'37 100.66 Average for week ended 19/7/’37 101.30 * Franc devalued 29/6/’37, No rates quoted for 30/6/’37 or l/7/’37.

NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth Bank

From Australia, Pt. Moresby. £1 per cent.; on Rabaul 10/- per cent. —Other New Guinea districts £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia cn London: — Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia, on Papua, £1 per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of £1 per cent.: Australia, on Rabaul, 10/- per cent, premium.

Fapua and New Guinea on London: Same as Australia on London and vice versa.

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney, are on the basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less 1J per cent, either way. As quoted by the Comptoir National, in Sydney, and the Bank of Indo Chine, Noumea: On July 21, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 105.55 francs, £lOO Australian would purchase a draft in Noumea of 104.45 francs.

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa —buying £AIOO, selling £AIOO/10/-.

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £lOO in London: — 75 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

London Price on — Copra South Sea, Sun-Dried to London Per ton, c.i.f.

Plantation, Hot-air Dried, Rabaul Per ton, c.i.f.

January 1, 1932 £14 0 0 £14 15 0 March 25 £14 17 6 £15 0 0 June 17 _ £13 2 6 £13 5 0 September 2 __ £13 17 6 £14 0 0 December 16 £14 2 6 £14 5 0 January 6, 1933 £13 0 0 £13 12 6 March 3 £11 7 6 £11 10 0 June 30 ..... — £10 17 6 £11 0 0 September 29 £9 7 6 £9 10 0 December 1 £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, 1934 £8 0 0 £8 7 6 February 16 — £7 17 6 £8 10 0 March 30 £7 7 6 £8 0 0 April 27 — £7 7 6 £8 0 0 May 18 £7 15 0 £8 12 6 June 15 £8 0 0 £8 12 6 July 6 — £7 17 6 £8 15 0 August 3 £8 0 0 £8 17 6 September 7 £7 12 6 £8 15 0 October 6 — £8 0 0 £9 0 0 November 2 £7 15 0 £8 15 0 December 28 £9 0 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 February 1 — £11 12 6 £12 2 6 March 1 £12 2 6 £12 15 0 April 5 — £10 15 0 £11 15 0 May 3 £11 17 6 £12 12 6 June 7 £11 15 0 £12 7 6 July 5 £9 12 0 £10 5 0 August 2 £9 15 0 £10 15 0 September 6 £9 17 6 £10 17 6 October 4 £11 7 6 £12 7 6 November 1 £12 17 6 £14 0 0 December 6 — £12 17 6 £14 0 0 • South i Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa Sun-i Dried Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles. to London.

Rahaul.

Price on- — Per ton.c.i Lf. Per ton, c. i.f.

Per ton.c.i, .f.

Jan. 3, ’36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £15 0 0 Feb. 7 £13 0 0 £14 0 0 £15 0 0 Mar. 6 £11 15 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 April 3 , £12 7 6 £13 5 0 £13 17 6 May 1 £11 10 0 £11 15 0 £12 10 0 June 5 £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 6 July 3 £12 0 0 £12 10 0 £13 10 0 Aug. 7 £12 17 6 £13 7 6 £14 7 6 Sept. 4 £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Oct. 2 £13 7 6 £13 10 0 £14 10 0 Nov. 6 £15 10 0 £15 2 6 £16 5 0 Dec. 4 £19 7 6 £19 7 6 £20 7 6 Jan. 8, ’37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £23 12 6 Jan. 15 £23 0 0 £23 5 0 £24 2 6 Jan. 22 £20 15 0 £21 0 0 £21 15 0 Jan. 29 £19 15 0 _ £19 15 0 £20 10 0 Feb. 5 £19 0 0 £19 0 0 £19 15 n Feb. 12 £19 15 0 £19 15 0 £20 10 0 Feb. 19 £19 2 6 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 Feb. 26 £18 15 0 £19 0 0 £19 15 0 Mar. 5 £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 Mar. 12 £19 7 6 £19 12 6 £20 12 6 Mar. 19 £19 12 6 £19 17 6 £20 17 6 Mar. 26 £19 5 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 0 Apr. 2 £19 0 0 £19 15 0 £20 15 0 Apr. 9 £18 5 0 £19 0 0 £20 0 0 Apr. 16 £17 0 0 £17 10 0 £18 10 0 Apr. 23 £17 0 0 £17 10 0 £18 10 0 Apr. 30 £16 0 0 £16 15 0 £17 15 0 May 7 £16 0 0 £16 12 6 £17 12 6 May 14 gH £15 0 0 £15 5 0 £16 5 0 May 21 £14 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 May 28 £15 12 6 £15 15 0 £16 15 0 June 4 £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 June 11 £15 7 6 £15 15 0 £16 15 0 June 18 £15 2 6 £15 7 6 *£16 5 0 June 25 £14 10 0 £14 15 0 £15 12 6 July 2 £14 15 0 £14 17 6 £15 15 0 July 9 £15 5 0 £15 5 0 £16 5 0 July 16 £15 5 0 £15 5 0 £16 2 6 *The quote of Rabaul plantatio n hot-air dried copra for June 18 was incorrectly cabled from London as £16/15/0, and published as such in the June P.I.M.

The amended price was £16/5/-.

' Rubber Plantation London Para Smoked Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6, 1933 . 4fd. 2.43d.

July 7 ..... __ - 5|d. 3.71d.

December 8 — — 4fd. 4.0|d.

January 5, 1934 __ 4id. 4.28d.

July 6 - 5id- 7.06d.

December 28 ..._ _.. 5d. 6*d.

January 4, 1935 — — 5d. 6|d.

July 5 — — Bd. 7|d.

December 6 — 6|d. tt|d.

January 3, 1936 6|d. 6*d.

June 5 ._ — 9d. 7id.

September 4 — ..... lOJd- 7 ll/16d.

December 4 — - 1/- .... 9 l/16d.

January 8, 1937 1/2 10id.

February 5 1/2 lOld.

March 5 ..._ ..... lUd. 11 l/32d April 2 1/- 1/1 15/16 May 7 .... ll^d. lOfd.

June 4 lid. 9 5-8d.

June 11 10id. 9 3-8d.

June 18 lOld. 9 ll-16d.

June 25 lOid. 9 7-8d.

July 2 lOd. 9 ll-16d.

July 9 lOd. 9 3-8d.

July 16 lOd. ... 9id.

Provid os* rums financial r j\. simple and safe method to invest money for education of children, a tour abroad or, comfort in old age, is by means of interest bearing deposits with the Bank of New South Wales.

These deposits may be made at any time at any branch of the Bank. They bear interest from the date they are lodged and may be withdrawn when they fall due at full face value plus interest earned or they may be renewed for a further period.

Interest may be withdrawn every six months if so desired, or the amount due lodged as a further deposit.

Deposits of £5 and upwards are received by any branch of the Bank. /J ESTABLISHED 11)7 Market Quotations Range of Prices r V*HE Pacific Islands Monthly makes a * close check of the prices quoted for Islands produce; and we regularly publish the range of prices during each month, including the last available quotation before going to press.

New Boats For Islands

Two 70-feet Vessels For N.G.

TTHE new motor - boat that has been * built at the Halvorsen yards, Sydney, for the New Guinea Administration is 70 feet long, and 16 feet beam. A photograph of the vessel appears this month in Mr. Halvorsen’s advertisement.

Australian spotted gum has been used for the planking; clear Oregon for the topsides; and N.Z. Kauri for the deck.

There are three single-berth cabins, fitted with polished maple, and there is accommodation for eight natives. Three 200 gallon tanks supply ample fresh water.

Ventilation has received much attention, and an unusually large number of ventilators will give air-draughts throughout the vessel. Power for the Sirius is supplied by twin 44 h.p. Fetter engines.

A second vessel, the Leander, of similar type, has also just been completed at Longnose Point, Sydney, for the N.G.

Government.

Commander C. J. R. Webb, harbourmaster at Rabaul, and Capt. W. Jackson, of the N.G. Administration’s marine staff, arrived in Sydney by the Neptuna on July 5 to take back to New Guinea the above two motor-ships.

The Halvorsen firm recently has launched the following boats for service in the Western Pacific islands: Cutter, 30ft in length, with 14 h.p.

Lister Diesel engine, for Messrs. Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd.

Whaleboat, 25ft in length, for the Australian Board of Missions.

Three launches, each 15ft. in length, with Chapman h.p. engines for the Sacred Heart Mission. 76 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Subject to alteration without Notice M.V.

Neptuna.

Sydney 22 Dec 1 Salamaua — Sept 29 Dec 8 Rabaul Oct 1 Dec 10 Cebu (Opt.) ...—Oct 8 Dec 17 Manila Oct 11 Dec 20 Hong Kong —Oct 13-18 Dec 22-27 Saigon Oct 24 Jan 1 Manila .—Oct 28 Jan 5 Sandakan —Oct 31 Jan 9 Salamaua Nov 9 Jan 18 Rabaul ...—Nov 11 Jan 20 Sydney Nov 19 Jan 28 Melbourne — Nov 22-24 Jan 31 BURNS, PHILP & CO.

LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

Strasbourg D'Amiens C. Hamel Papeete Sept 1-2 Oct 10-11 Nov 21-22 Raiatea Sept 3 — — Suva — — Nov 29 Vila Sept 13 Oct 20 Dec 1 Noumea, arr. ...Sept 15 Oct 22 Dec 3 Noumea, dep. ...Sept 23 Oct 29 Dec 10 Vila Sept 26 Nov 1 Dec 13 Raiatea Oct 5 Nov 8 Dec 20 Papeete Oct 6-8 Nov 9-11 Dec 21-23 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice.

MV. Rabaul London Aug 1 Salamaua Oct 19 Sydney Sept 25 Rabaul Oct 23 Suva Oct 7 London Dec 25 The M.V. Salamaua has gone into dock in Europe for repairs. She will re-enter the service at the end of August.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

S.S. Friderun Hong Kong Sept 18 Nov 12 Madang — Sept 30 Nov 24 Salamaua Oct 2 Nov 26 Tulagi — ...... Oct 6-11 N.30-D.5 Rabaul Oct 14-23 Dec 8-17 Hong Kong Nov 6 Dec 31 GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, AGENTS s.s.

Morinda.

Sydney ..Aug 7 Aug 19 Sept 18 Lord Howe ..Aug 9 Aug 21 Sept 20 Noi’folk Is. ..Aug 11 Aug 23 Sept 22 Vila — Aug 26-27 — Buhsman’s B. — Aug 28 Malo 1 Tangoa }■ — Aug 28 — - Segond J Hog Hai-. 1 Aoba r — Aug 29 - Vila Aug 30 Norfolk Is. ..Aug 12 Sept 2 Sept 2?

Lord Howe . ...Aug 14 Sept 4 Sept 25 Sydney ..Aug 16 Sept 7 Sept 27, BURNS.

PH1LP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice Sydney Melbourne Maru Maru Kobe , ir , July 20 Aug 18-20 Moji July 21-22 Aug 21-22 Ha' aul July 31 Aug 31 Noumea Aug 5-6 Sept 5-7 Auckland Aug 9-10 Sept 10-11 Wellington Aug 12-13 Sept 13-15 Lyttelton . . _ Aug 14 Sept 16 Dunedin Aug 15-16 Sept 17-18 Wellington Aug 17-18 Sept 19-21 Auckland Aug 20-21 Sept 23-25 Cebu Sept 5-6 Oct 10-11 Manila Sept 7-8 Oct 12-13 Hong Kong Sept 10-11 Oct 15-16 Shanghai Sept 15 Oct 20 Moji ...

Sept 17 Oct .22 Kobe — Sept 18-22 Oct 23-27

Osaka Shosen Kaisha

LINE Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V. Matua Auckland ..July 29 Aug 12 Aug 26 Cook Is — Aug 16-19 - Nukualofa ..Aug 1-2 — Aug 29-30 Apia ..Aug 3-4 — A.31-S.1 Suva ..Aug 7 — Sept 4 Auckland ..Aug 11 Aug 24 Sept 8 Subject to alteration without notice Maetsuycker Van Rees Maetsuycker Saigon ...Aug 14 — Oct 16 Singapore ...Aug 16-17 Sept 11 Oct 1.8-19 Batavia ...Aug 19-21 Sept 13-15 Oct 21-23 Samarang ...Aug 22 Sept 16 Oct 24 Sourabaya .Aug 23 Sept 17-18 Oct 25 Pt. Moresby ... ...Aug 30-31 Sept 27-28 Nov 1-2 Samarai ...Sept 1 — Nov 3 Rabaul ...Sept 3 — Nov 5 Vila ...Sept 7 — Nov 9 Noumea ...Sept 8-11 — Nov 10-13 Auckland ...Sept 14-15 Oct 7-9 Nov 16-17 Wellington ...Sept 17-18 Oct 11-12 Nov 19-20 Sydney ...Sept 22-24 Oct 18-20 Nov 24-26 Pt. Moresby ... ...Sept 29 Oct 27 Dec 1 Sourabaya Oct 6 Nov 5 Dec 8 Samarang Oct 7 Nov 6 Dec 9 Batavia Oct 8-11 Nov 10 Dec 10 Singapore Oct 13 — Saigon Oct 15 —

Royal Packet Navigation

CO. LTD.

EXPERIENCED, refined Governess —young —requires position in Islands—Primary.

Apply MISS HAYWARD, "Rockhaven," Jandowae, Q'land.

TO . . .

Agents And

DISTRIBUTORS in all Island Groups, who are interested in new and profitable business (commission or own a/c.).

New and attractive lines for island trade now offering. Island agencies for Aust. goods at better prices; oversea merchandise ex Bond Sydney or direct shipments; also job lots ex Aust. bonds at bargain prices. @ If interested to receive quotations regularly, write in first instance to “ Island Trade.” Box 3553 RR, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W.

Scott s "Renown Brand Rope Cordage and Binder Twine Cable Address: Ropeyard, noy a I® 9 MH TtwPn «ar MwPWii k ,.vv-va^V4 m of Every Description •

Manufactured At

MASCOT, N.S.W.

J. SCOTT PTY. LTD.

Head Office and S-lore: 163 CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY N.S.W.

Shipping Services in the Pacific Sydney-N. Guinea-Hong Kong Gilbert and Ellice islands Service M.V. Ralum, 368 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.), operates from Tarawa (Gilbert Islands), and connects regularly with all islands in the Gilbert and Ellice Groups.

Sydney - Noumea - Tahiti Mails and passengers from Sydney for Tahiti may connect with Messageries Maritimes liners at Noumea, per Pierre Loti (see Sydney-Noumea- New Hebrides service). The M.M. liners run between Marseilles and Noumea, via Panama Canal.

Central Pacific Services The cargo steamer Waiotapu (6,035 tons) will depart from Sydney for Central Pacific ports about July 31 (appi’ox. only). She will call at Suva and Lautoka (Fiji), Apia (Western Samoa) and Papeete (Tahiti), and then continue on to North America. She will carry a limited number of passengers, in addition to mail and general cargo. The Hauraki (7,113 tons) is scheduled to follow to Fiji and French Oceania about August 12.

UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agents.

Saigon - Java - South Seas - N.Z. Service Europe - Sydney - Suva - New Guinea Hong Kong - New Guinea - Solomon Islands Subject to alteration without notice.

S.S. Friderun (cabin, third-class and deck passengers) runs from Hong Kong to New Guinea and Solomon Islands ports, connecting at Rabaul (N.G.) with S.S. Island Trader (formerly S.S.

Bremerhaven). In the Solomons she calls at Tulagi, Here, Bina, Fulakora, and Nono.

Sydney - Norfolk Island - New Hebrides Japan - N. Guinea - Noumea - New Zealand 77 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Subject to alteration without notice.

Nellore Tanda Nankin Hong Kong July 31 Sept 3 Oct 2 Manila Aug 3 Sept 6 Oct 5 Rabaul —Aug 11 Sept 14 Oct 13 Brisbane Aug 17 Sept 20 Oct 19 Sydney Aug 19 Sept 22 Oct 21 Melbourne —A.23-S.1 S.27-0.2 0.-25.N.3 Hobart Sept 3 Oct 4 Nov 5 Newcastle ......Sept 6 Oct 7 Nov 8 Sydney, dep. ...Sept 11 Oct 13 Nov 13 Brisbane Sept 13 Oct 15 Nov 15 Townsville Sept 16 Oct 18 Nov 18 Rabaul Oct 23 Nov 23 Manila Sept 29 Oct 31 Dec 1 Hong Kong .....Oct. 2 Nov 3 Dec 4 E. & A.

STEAMSHIP CO. LTD., Agents.

Wellington M.V. Maui Pomare Aug 10 Sept 7 Oct 5 Apia Aug 17-19 Sept 14-16 Oct 12-14 Niue Aug 21 Sept 18 Oct 16 Lyttelton Aug 30 Sept 27 Oct 25 Wellington Aug 31 Sept 28 Oct 27 Subject to alteration without Pierre Loti notice.

Sydney Aug 6 Sept 2 Sept 24 Noumea Aug 10-12 Sept 6-8 Sept 28-30 Lifou Aug 13 Sept 9 Oct 1 Vila Aug 14 Sept 10 Oct 2 Luganville Aug 15 Sept 11 Oct 3 Le Dart ... Aug 16-17 Sep.. 12-13 Oct 4-5 Vila Aug 18 Sept 14 Oct 6 Lifou Aug 19 Sept 15 Oct 7 Noumea ...Aug 20-21 Sept 16-17 Oct 8-9 Sydney Aug 25 Sept 21 Oct 13 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO. , Agents.

Montoro Mangola Macdhui Sydney ........ ..... ...Aug 10 Aug 11 Aug 28 Brisbane ...Aug 12 Aug 13 Aug 30 Townsville — Aug 16 — Cairns — Aug 17 — Pt. Moresby ...Aug 17 Aug 19 Sept 3 Samarai ..Aug 19 Aug 21 Sept 4 Woodlark Is. — Aug 22 — Rabaul ..... ..Aug 21 Aug 24-25 Sept 6-7 Kavieng .... ..Aug 22 — — Lindenhafen .... — Aug 26 Sept 8 Salamaua 1 Aug 24-25 Aug 27-28 Sept 9-10 Lae r Madang i Aug 26 — Sept 11 \lexishafen r Lombrum i — Aug 30 Loi’engau r Boram i Aug 27-28 — Sept 12-13 Wewak r ■ Madang ..Aug 29 .— Sept 14 Finschafen ... ..Aug 30 — Sept 15 Salamaua ..Aug 30 ■— Sept 15 Kavieng — Aug 31* Sept 17 Pondo Sept 1 — Sept 18 Rabaul ..Sept 2 — Sept 20 Salamaua — — Sept 21 Samarai .Sept 4 — Sept 23 Pt. Moresby .Sept G — Sept 24 Cairns .Sept 8 — Brisbane Sept 11 — Sept 28 Sydney Sept 13 — Sept 30 *The Mangol a will then go on to Nauru.

BURNS , PHILP & CO. LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without Notice Honolulu Monterey Mariposa Monte rey —July 26 Aug 23 Sept 20 Pago Pago .... • July 31 Aug 28 Sept 25 Suva Aug 3 Aug 31 Sept 28 Auckland Aug 6 Sept 3 Oct 1 Sydney Aug 9 Sept 6 Oct 4 Melboux-ne Aug 12-16 Sept 9-13 Oct 7-11 Sydney Aug 20 aent 17 Oct 15 Auckland Aug 23 Sept 20 Oct 18 Suva Aug 26 Sept 23 Oct 21 Pago Pago Aug 27 Sept 24 Oct 22 Honolulu Sept 1 Sept 29 Oct 27 Subject to alteration without notice.

M.V.

Malaita Sydney , Aug 21 Oct 2 Brisbane ...

Aug 23 .

Oct 4 Townsville Aug 26 Oct 7 Cairns Aug 27 Oct 8 Tulagi 1 Makambo A.31-S.1 Oct 12-13 Gavutu J Su’u Sept 2 Oct 14 Domma r Mamara i Tasavarong \ — Oct 15 Aruligo i Lavaro j Mamara i Tasavarong \ Sept 3 Aruligo j Meringe Sept 4 Hivo r Yandina 1 Banika i Ufa Sept 5 Oct 16 Faiami i Younger i Pepesala j T.ingatu i West Bay — Oct 17 Somata j Gizo Sept 6 Oct 18 Faisi Sept 7 Oct 19 Kieta Sept 7 Oct 19 Arigua [ Sept 8 Qct 20 Numa Numa r Teopasi no Sept 9 Oct 21 Rabaul Sept 10-11 Oct 22-23 Soraken Sept 12-13 Oct 24-25 Kieta Sept 14 Oct 25 Faisi Sept 15 Oct 26 Gizo i Sept 16 Oct 27 Tetipari r Russell Is.

Sept 17-18 Oct 28-29 Gavutu [ Sept 18 Oct 30 Makambo r Brisbane Sept 23 Nov 4 Sydney Sept 25 Nov 6 BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD., Agents.

Subject to alteration without notice* TT i i Niagai a Aorangi Niagara Honolulu Aug 11 Sept 8 Oct 6 uv t, “T -Aug 20 Sept 17 Oct 15 Auckland Aug 23-524 Sept 20-21 Oct 18-19 y^ ey Aug 28 Sept 25 Oct 23 Sydney, dep. -Sept 2 Sept 30 Oct 28 Auckland Sept 6-7 Oct 4-5 Nov 1-2 Suva Sept 10 Oct 8 Nov 5 Honolulu Sept 17 Oct 15 Nov 12 UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agents.

FOR SALE, New Guinea pennies, with initials of King Edward VIII. —A unique curio. Write to A.P.N., Box 3408 R, G.P.0., Sydney.

Sydney - Rabaul - Hong Kong No Zealand - Samoa - Niue The New Zealand Government’s steamer Maui Pomare (1159 tons) is the only direct connection between the Dominion and the Mandated Territory of Western Samoa. The vessel, which carries mails, passengers, and cargo, is controlled by the Department of External Affairs at Wellington, where application should be made concerning freights, berths, etc.

Sydney - Noumea - New Hebrides Noumea Australia The small steamer Neo Hebridais (Societe Maritime et Miniere Hagen) has commenced a new monthly service between Noumea, New Caledonia, and Newcastle, N.S.W. The round trip occupies about 17 days.

Sydney - Papua - New Guinea Subject to alteration without notice.

Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Samoa Hawaii OCEANIC STEAMSHIP CO., MATSON LINE.

N.G. Inter-Island Services 5.5. Maiwara (Bums, Philp & Co.) makes regular round trips from Rabaul to New Ireland and Bougainville ports-. 5.5. Coombar. M.V. John Bolton, M.V. Desikoko, M.V. Duranbah (W. R. Carpenter and Co.

Ltd.) make sailings from Rabaul every two or three weeks to various ports in the Territory.

S.S. Island Trader

5.5. Island Trader (Inter-Island Shipping Co.

Pty. Ltd.) connects at Rabaul with S.S. Friderun and then makes the following trips;— SOUTHERN RUN—Matala, Put Put, Sum Sum, Kekere, Iwi, Aropa, Toboroi, Kieta, Arawa, Numa, Bonis, Buka Passage, Samo, Mageh, Lihir, Kavieng, Patlangat, Rangarere, Notre Mai, Langinoa, Asalingi, Neu Kauern, Manuan.

Leaves Rabaul Returns to Rabaul Aug 4 Aug 20 Sept 29 Oct .._ _ __ 15

Agents; Colyer, Watson & Co.. Rabaul

NORTHERN RUN—Rambutyo, Pak, Inrim, Pitelu, Papitalei, Salesia, Salami, Lorengau, N«ru, Tumleo, Boikin, Kairiru, Wewak, Boram, Sepik Mouth, Awar, Bogia, Kulili, Kurun, Alexishafen, Nagada. Madang, Finschhafen, Salamaua, Bali, Garua, Toriu, Stockholm, Manuan.

Leaves Rabaul Returns to Rabaul Aug ..... ... 27 Sept 22 Solomon Islands-N.S. Service Sydney - N.Z. - Fiji - Hawaii N.G. Goldfields' Services Aeroplanes conducted by Guinea Airways Ltd..

Holdens Air Transport Services Ltd., Mandated Airlines Ltd. (late Carpenter Airways) and other companies, leave Salaxnaua and Lae. the New Guinea mainland ports, two and three times daily for Wau and other centres on the Morobe goldfield. The aerial services are the only means of communication.

Wau - Port Moresby Service ■^~ r ® gu^ar aer °Plane service is now maintained by Guinea Airways Ltd., allowing passengers to and from the New Guinea goldfields to connect with the steamers at Port Moresby, Papua. Details from the pursers of the Burns, Philp steamers.

Papuan Inter-Island Services M.V. Matoma (Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd.) makes round trips on a regular schedule from Samarai to Misima Island, via the Conflict Group* M.V. Nusa (Steamships Trading Co., Ltd.) holds Papuan Government’s contract for carrying mails and passengers on the north-east coast of Papua. The Nusa connects with all Southern mail steamers at Samarai.

M.V. Nusa Samarai Sept 2 Mambare . Sept 6 Puni Puni Sept 2 Buna _ Sept 7 Baniara Sept 2 Cape Nelson Sept 8 Cape Nelson Sept 3 Baniara Sept 9 Buna ..f. .....Sept 4 Puni Puni ...Sept 10 Mambare Sept 5 Samarai Sept 11 S.S. Papuan Chief (Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.) makes regular round trips from Port Moresby to Samarai via Kapa Kapa, Abau, and Baibara, return by same route ; then Port Moresby to Dam via Hisiu, Yule Is,. Kukipi, Orokolo, Kikori and back via Orokolo. Yule Island, and Hisiu—full trip occupying about one month.

S.S. Papuan Chief Pt. Moresby .....Aug 7 Hisiu Aug 24 Kapa Kapa Aug 7 Yule Is Aug 24 Abau Aug 9 Kukipi Aug 25 Baibara Aug 10 Orokolo Aug 26 Samarai Aug 12 Kikori Aug 28 Samarai Aug 15 Daru Aug 29-30 Baibara Aug 16 Orokolo Aug 31 Abau Aug 17 Yule Is Sept 2 Kapa Kapa Aug 19 Hisiu Sept 3 ft Moresby Aug 20-24 Pt. Moresby Sept 4 Mr. Frank Pryke, pioneer of the Morobe goldfield, New Guinea, has been seriously ill at his home in Coogee, Sydney; but he is again fighting his way back to health.

Dr. A. S. Frater, superintendent of the Vila Hospital conducted by the Presbyterian Mission in the New Hebrides, sailed from Sydney for the Condominium by the Pierre Loti on July 15, after furlough in Melbourne. He was accompanied by his wife and son.

There arrived in Sydney by the Neptuna on July 5, 51 women and children, who had left Rabaul until such time as the town is considered reasonably habitable. Thirty remained in Sydney and 21 went to Melbourne. 78 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

Freighter IVANHOE Powered by 52 B.H.P.

Ruston Oil Engine

Speed: knots.

Fuel used: gallons per hour.

Length - - 57 feet Breadth - - 15 „ Depth - - 5 „ 2,280 Running hours for an hour.

Total for fuel, lubrication and maintenance £7B : 7 : 0 for 12 months.

Owners: Gibson Bros., Brisbane.

Ruston Marine Engines

RUSTON & HORNSBY (Australia) Pty. Ltd.

Melbourne Sydney Brisbane Adelaide

174 King St. 642-4 Jones St. Barry Pde. 20 Franklin St.

Sole Agents for Mandated Territory: Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., Rabaul, New Guinea Index to Volume VII.

AUGUST, 1936, TO JULY, 1937, INCLUSIVE [First numeral indicates number of issue, and second numeral gives the page] Agriculture for islands: 6-20.

Amiable Josephine Massacre: 10-53.

Anthropology: 4-74, 6-57, 11-48.

Archbold Expedition, Papua: 1-5, 1-28, 2-50, 3-72, 9-35, 11-42.

Aviation in Pacific: 1-64, 2-23, 3-22, 7-5, 8-3, 8-7, 10-7; New Guinea; 1-21, 1-65, 1-66, 2-8, 2-66, 2-75. 4-6, 4-10, 5-17, 5-26, 5-63, 6-5. 6-6, 6-7. 6-19, 7-7, 7-8, 7-43. 7-57, 10-7, 11-75, 12-5 ; Marshalls: 11-74; Tahiti: 1-4; Thursday Is.; 3-4, 7-71; Japan’s Plans: 5-45, 11-74; Papua: 6-25.

Ayson, Judge: 10-17, 11-6, 11-31.

BLACKLOCK. Wm.: 11-28.

British N.G. Dev. Co.: 2-52.

Brown & Joske, Suva: 1-73.

Bulolo G.D. Co.: 3-73, 7-7.

Burns, Philp & Co.: 9-62, 9-80.

Burns, Philp Steamer Services: 2-33, 6-5, 7-4. 7-6, 7-44. 8-9. 8-32, 9-80, 12-6.

CANDLE-NUTS: 4-22.

Cannibalism: 10-43.

Canton Is. (Phoenix) : 12-10.

Carpenter Aviation Service: 2-10. 4-10, 5-18. 6-5, 6-6, 6-19, 11-4.

Carpenter Shipping Line: 1-6, 7-38, 7-60. 10-8, 11-7.

Carpenter, W. R. & Co. Ltd.: 1-74, 7-11, 11-4.

Champion—Exploration in Papua: 1-14, 4-6, 6-9, 7-17, 9-9, 9-16, 11-33, 12-46.

Christmas Is.; 6-10, 6-38, 8-10, 12-24.

Cocoa: 3-53, 4-72, 7-27.

Cook Islands, General: 1-49, 2-36, 3-49, 4-9, 4-37, 4-38, 6-29, 6-46. 6-61, 7-11, 7-65, 8-11, 8-21, 8-31, 8-52, 12-4; Fruit: 1-8, 1-29, 1-39, 2-14, 2-40, 4-74, 8-52, 9-20, 10-20, 10-33, 10-51, 11-50, 11-66, 12-19; C.l.’s History: 8-49; V.

Rassmussen: 2-39, 6-16 : P.

Woonton : 4-26 ; Labour Party : 5-35, 7-20; Shipping: 6-36; Hurricanes: 8-32 ; Cohabitation : 0-56, 12-14 ; New Commissioner : 10-17, 11-6, 12-64.

Copra: 1-4. 3-5, 4-5, 4-34, 5-7, 5-30. 5-35, 7-7, 7-36, 7-65, 8-52, 9-8. 9-50, 10-5, 10-55.

DEATHS: O. Moreau, 2-4, 3-36; E. Lucas, 2-4 ; S. Russell, 2-4, 2-64 ; Mrs. S. Shearman, 2-37 ; Ratu Popi Cakobau, 3-8 ; Sir E. Hutson, - 3-9 ; C. A. Gough, 3-18; D. de Brum, 3-36 ; R Hunter, 3-39 ; A, McDonald Hitchfield, 5-72 ; T. A. Hough, 6-31 ; “Timi,” 6-54, 7-21 ; E. L.

Walter. 6-60 ; R. J. Tillyard, 7-47 ; Miss N. Hullett, 8-6 ; Rev.

G. West, 8-22 ; G. M. Murdoch, 8-23; R. Whitten. 9-11, 10-18; C. Petterson, 9-20, 10-74 ; W.

Froggatt, 9-53 ; Canon Tomlinson, 10-67 ; J. K. Allardyce, 10-71; G. E. Clift. 11-6. 12-30: F. M. Murdoch. 11-7 ; R. Wolff. 11-78; C. L. G. Harslett, 12-9: Dr. C. Thompson. 12-62.

De Rays Expedition: 1-37, 6-36.

De Thierry, Baron: 6-53.

“Duff” (L.M.S. Ship): 2-61.

Dutch New Guinea: 2-5, 4-37, 5-27, 5-66,'6-19. 7-11, 7-17, 8-9, 8-19, 8-25, 11-7, 11-55, 12-33, 12-42.

Easter is.: 6-22.

Education of Pacific Races :■ 1-15, 2-15, 7-43, 8-46. * Fanning is.: 1-50.

Fiji, General: 3-7, 3-53, 3-63, 4-45, 4-63, 5-10, 5-58, 5-75, 6-8, 6-17, 7-8, 7-33, 7-45, 7-60, 7-62, 7-74, 8-6, 8-9, 8-11, 8-18, 11-61, 12-48; Gold Industry: 1-5, 1-28, I- 2-7, 3-20, 3-74, 5-10, 10-19, II- Pastoral Industry: 1-61; Indians: 1-9, 2-29, 9-61 ; Shipping: 2-62, 5-60, 5-64, 6-62, 6-64, 7-20, 9-67; Tourists: 2-63, 9- 12-31; Lautoka: 2-64, 5-58; Pineapples: 3-17, 4-65, 11-47; Medical School: 3-51; Stamps: 3-58 ; Broadcasting Station: 3-54; Valuable Plants: 3-64, 4-62, 6-49, 8-61, 10-47 : New Constitution: 1-58, 9-7, 10- 11-60, 12-18; Sir A.

Richards: 4-5, 5-61, 7-37, 8-23: Fishing: 4-7 ; Trade: 4-14, 5-18, 8-17, 11-61; Cakobau: 4-19; Copra : 5-30, 5-62 ; Tavua: 5-45 ; Language; 5-59 ; Levuka: 5-72; Leper Station: 6-62, 7-43 : Yacht Stolen : 6-63, 7-63, 10-65 : Coronation Representatives: 7- 62, 8-5, 12-8; Yacht Club: 8-19: Town Board: 8-21 ; Rewa Bridge: 8-48, 9-72, 12-9: Copra Fire: 9-10: New Road: 9-24: Navosa Massacre : 9-26 ; Ancient Navigators: 11-23: Marble Found: 11-60.

French Ship Service: 10-5, 10-18.

Galapagos is.: 4-55.

Gambier Is.: 3-11.

Germany and Pacific Colonies: 1-74, 2-26, 6-55, 7-4, 7-10, 7-21, 7-62, 8-11.

Gilbert and Ellice Group: 4-60, 4-66, 6-32, 8-7, 8-23, 9-56, 12-39, 12-63.

Goodenough, Captain: 8-49.

Guam: 4-72.

Guinea Airways Ltd.: 3-7, 5-26, 5-63, 7-8, 7-57, 8-74, 9-14, 11-22, 11-74, 12-7.

HAWAII: 8-11, 8-71.

Hides, Jack, Expedition in Papua; 1-5, 2-6, 3-43, 4-15, 7-6, 8- 9-54, 10-8.

High Com. for W. Pacific: 12-34.

House for Islands: 3-52.

Hupi Hats, Sol. Is.: 12-20.

Hurricanes: Cook Is., 8-52; Tonga, 9- INDENTURED Labour in Pacific: 4-3, 12-41.

Indians in Fiji: 1-9, 2-29, 9-61.

JAPANESE Poachers: 1-5, 1-39, 1-67, 2-5, 2-20, 2-45, 3-3, 3-6, . 4-4, 4-66, 7-8, 7-22, 8-8, 8-18, 9-4, 9-75, 10-6, 11-6.

Japan in Pacific: 3-5, 4-11, 5-45, 5-66, 6-3, 7-11, 8-8, 8-18, 8-25, 9-49. 9-64, 10-56, 11-52, 11-74, 12-8, 12-56.

LEPROSY: 1-17, 1-36, 2-26, 8-52, 12-55.

Lever Bros.: 10-5.

Levuka Chamber of Commerce: 1-17.

Library Scheme: 5-40.

Long. Dwight: 6-54, 7-21.

Luckner, Count Von: 3-50, 5-39, 9-75, 10-25, 10-26.

MACDHUI Fire: 11-4, 12-6.

Marquesas Is.: 2-61, 6-47.

Marshall (and Caroline) Is.: 1-38, 2-4, 2-18, 3-32. 3-36, 4-10, 4-26, 5-45, 11-52, 12-56.

“Matua”, M.V.: 2-5, 2-9, 3-5.

“Maui Pomare”, M.V.: 1-72, 2-18, 11-65.

Medical Problems: 3-51, 4-29, 4-57.

Midway Is.: 3-72.

Missions, and Mission History: 1-21, 1-60. 2-24, 2-37, 2-61, 3-37, 3-45. 3-71, 3-74, 4-38, 4-56. 5-22, 6-6, 6-8, 6-57, 7-24, 7-75, 8-6, 8-10, 8-22, 9-38, 9-48, 10-34. 10-63, 11-25, 11-65, 11-70, 12-28, 12-47.

(Continued Overleaf)

79 Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

W. M. FORD Ship, Yacht and Boat Builder Berry's Bay - North Sydney (Established 1870) BUILDERS of all kinds of Island Craft from Dinghies io Auxiliary Schooners of any tonnage. New and Second-hand Island Craft of various types in stock.

New and Second-hand Full Diesel, Crude Oil, Benzine and Kerosene Engines.

Please Send on Your Enquiries

Norddeutsf Her Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong New Guinea British Solomon Islands Service

Regular Sailings By

S.S. " FRIDERUN "

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets issued to all parts of the world.

For further particulars apply to MELCHERS. & CO.. General Agents, P. 0.8., 423, Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO., N.D.L. Agents, Rabaul, New Guinea.

GILCHRIST. WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney.

Mitchell Library: 7-4.

Mixed Marriages; 8-62.

Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.: 11-64.

Mosquitoes: 1-32, 5-75.

Moyne, Lord: 1-57, 4-31, 6-73, 8-66, 9-41, 10-14, 11-19.

Murray, Sir Hubert: 6-5.

McNicoll, General W. R.: 11-3.

NATIVE Medical Practitioners: 10-30.

Nauru: 3-41, 8-18, 8-24, 9-16, 12-41.

N.D.L. Ships (New Guinea) : 1-7, 6-32.

Nelson, O. F. (Samoa) : 1-7, 3-72, 4-53, 7-71, 11-7.

New Caledonia, General: 3-10, 3-65, 4-8, 5-66, 6-33, 7-11, 7-24, 7-29, 11-28, 11-35; New Governor: 5-4; Shipping: 7-10, 8-17, 10-18, 10-20; Japanese: 8-18, 10-6, 10-56, 12-56; Metal Industries: 1-48, 6-10, 7-10, 12-8.

New Guinea, General: 3-57, 4-16, 4-48, 4-64, 4-74, 5-32, 5-33, 5-57, 6-5, 6-34, 6-55, 7-16, 7-17. 7-28, 7-40; Unruly Natives: 1-68, 2-5, 2-27. 3-18, 5-6, 5-7, 5-25. 7-5. 7-42, 10-22, 10-33. 10-71, 12-49; Exploration: 1-8, 2-25, 8-9, 8-66, 10-52, _ 11-58; Government: 5-3; Native Afairs; 10-29; Judicial System; 1-10, 1-9. 4-23, 6-11, 6-73; Native Copra and Trading Limit: 1-30, 5-41, 6-27; Trade; ‘ 2-4, 3-46, 4-17, 9-51, 12-7 ; Gold Industry; 2-14, 4-5, 9-41, 9-74, 10-8; “Bureaucracy”: 2-43; Leg. Council: 2-49, 3-55, 7-14, 8-5, 9-31, 11-67 ; Planters and Planting: 2-50, 3-16, 5-35, 5-50, 7-8, 7-27, 7-36, 7-72; Coinage: 2-56, 9-60, 11-39 ; Wau; 2-68, 3-48, 4-71. 4-72, 5-44, 6-14. 6-57, 7-10. 7-24, 8-20, 10-40; Shipping: 3-9, 4-73, 5-34, 7-4, 8-6, 8-9, 8-32; Oil Search: 3-9, 6-5, 8-9; Kaisinik: 3-15; Bulwa: 3-16, 4-21; Attacks on Whites: 3-18, 4-8, 4-28, 5-6, 5-7, 5-36, 5-73, 10-22; Missions: 3-37, 3-45, 6-57; Cocoa: 3-53, 7-27: Native Labour: 3-71, 7-9; Chinese; 3-75, 8-51, 10-17; James Larkin: 4-7; Hotels; 4-7, 7-6, 7-66, 9-40 ; Eruptions: 4-9: Education: 2-33 ; Boundary: 3-37 ; Wewak Goldfield; 5-6, 5-23, 6-72, 10-8, 10-62; German Propaganda: 7-35, 10-6, 10-31, 12-17; Native Crime: 6-48, 7-41 ; Air Mail Contract: 5-12, 9-23, 11-4; Forests: 7-47: Ancient Relics: 6-1 ; Rabaul ’Drome: 5-47, 10-18; Ffrost Case: 6-8, 7-71, 8-7, 10-16; Goldfields Road; 6-16, 11-20: T. A. Hough: 6-31, 6-52, 7-57: Japanese: 7-8; Native Policy: 7-30; Coffee Growing: 8-38; Pygmies: 8-66, 9-41, 10-14, 11- Cattle-raising: .9-10; Bulolo Dredges: 9-74, 10-4; Governor-General: 10-5, 11-8, 12- Wau Brewery: 10-40; Land Wanted: 10-46; Timber Industry: 10-49; Maintenance Orders: 10-73; Eruption: See Rabaul; S.S. Coombar: 11-7; Salamaua ’Drome: 11-67 ; Asiatic Labaur: 12-41.

N.G. Goldfields Ltd.: 4-73, 5-8, 7-9, 7-74, 8-75, 9-41, 9-71, 11-20, 12-50.

New Hebrides, General: 2-48, 2-74, 3- 3-46, 3-71, 4-10, 6-7, 6-51, 7- 7-5, 7-8, 7-10, 9-19, 11-5, 12-41 ; Transfer to Australia: 9-7, 11-4, 12-5; Trade: 3-24; Sampans: 2-45 ; Tom Harrisson: 8- 11-17; Missionary Murdered: 10-7, 11-38.

Niue: 2-36, 4-1, 10-41.

Norfolk Is., General: 1-4, 2-36, 4- 5-25, 7-16, 8-40, 9-8, 10-74, 11- 12-44; Sir C. Rosenthal: 12- 12-8.

OCEAN Is.: 3-57, 4-15, 5-65, 11-36.

PACIFIC Affairs, Plea for Cooperation: 2-53; Pacific Pact: 10-3.

Pacific Cable, Laying of: 11-40.

Pacific Islands Club: 9-17, 10-24, 'll-54.

Pacific Shipping: 3-21, 4-7, 4-10, 4-15, 5-50, 6-19, 6-36, 7-4, 7-10 : Subsidy Question: 2-4, 5-5, 5-15, 7-73, 11-5; “Pierre Loti”: 6-55, 8-17 ; “Maetsuycker”: 6-55, 7-4.

Palmerston Is.: 2-61.

Palolo, Rising of: 1-43, 4-30, 5-45, 5-66.

Pan-American Airways: 1-64, 1-65, 2-41, 5-21, 5-45, 6-4, 6-52, 7-5. 8-3, 8-7, 9-5, 10-7. 10-74.

Papua, General: 2-62, 3-38, 4-39, 7-25, 8-4, 9-7 ; Gold Search : 1-6, 1-20, 2-20, 4-25, 7-5, 7-6, 9-71 ; Oil Search- 1-6, 1-17, 2-55, 3-9, 4-47, 4-75, 5-5, 6-14, 7-49, 8-40, 8-67, 9-42, 9-75, 10-21, 10-35, 10-67: Exploration: 1-14, 3-43, 4-6, 6-4, 6-25 ; Champion Expedition: 5-8, 6-9, 7-17, 9-9, 9-16, 11-33, 12-46; Paper Industry: 1-24, 2-54, 4-42 ; Rubber Industry: 1-8, 3-1, 5-28, 7-14, 7-22, 8-6; Shipping: 2-52, 7-4; Leper Hosiptal: 12-55 ; Goldmining: 3-4, 3-75, 4-57. 7-64. 9-14, 9-71 ; Ancient Relics: 3-56, 10-10; Planters and Planting: 3-66, 7-20, 7-21, 7-56, 7-66 : Missions: 3-74, 5-75, 6-9, 6-32, 8-10; Woodlark Is.: 4-36 : Bounty System: 11-64 ; Blackwater: 4-66; Sir H. Murray: 6-5; Governor-General: 10-5, 11-8, 12-4 ; Trobriand Is.; 6-39 ; Misima Is.: 10-24 ; Police: 8-47 ; Native Crime: 9-32.

Pearling Industry: 6-14, 7-37, 7-75.

Phoenix Islands: 9-6, 9-11, 10-64, 12-10, 12-33 ; Eclipse of Sun: 8- 11-75, 12-10.

Pitcairn Is.: 1-41, 2-75, 5-37, 5-62, 6-54, 9-6, 11-75, 12-25, 12-28.

Polynesian Club; 4-9.

Polynesia, History; 8-39; Mixed Marriages: 8-62.

Pryke, Frank: 4-10, 5-24.

Putnam, Mrs. Earhart: 7-73, 8-5, 9- 12-7; Pygmies in New Guinea: 1-57, 4-31, 8-66 (See Moyne, Lord).

RABAUL and Eruption: 10-7, 11-3, 11-7, 11-8, 11-9, 11-39, 12-5, 12-8, 12-16, 12-35.

Radio in Pacific: 5-66, 5-67, 8-52, 8-56, 9-23, 10-42; Telephones: 1-8, 1-42, 1-44, 4-16.

Rapa (Fr. Oceania) : 1-18.

Richards, Sir Arthur: 10-4, 12-7.

SAMOA, Eastern; 10-62. 11-48.

Samoa, Western —General: 1-56, 2-36, 3-25, 3-54, 3-61, 4-5, 4-10, 4-30, 5-9, 5-62, 5-74, 6-24, 6-58, 7-35, 7-48, 7-71, 8-6, 8-9, 9-6. 11-6, 11-7, 12-4; Removal of Chinese: 1-25. 2-20, 3-19, 4-52, 4-60, 5-46, 6-35, 7-7. 7-72 ; Produce and Prices; 1-34, 4-66, 7-35, 7-63, 9-33 ; Apia Museum: 1-48; Planters: 2-57, 4-8, 9-33, 10-27; Shipping: 2-64, 4-32; Mau: 2-64, 3-8, 3-14, 4-49, 5-9. 7-7, 7-32, 9-6, 11-6, 12-49 : Trade; 3-14, 9-33, 9-57; Goodwill Mission: 1-3, 1-5, 1-7, 1-25; P. Hoeflich; 4-41; Census: 5-9: Land Sale; 5-25; A. G. Smyth: 11-7 ; Epidemics: 6-7, 6-52, 7-8, 7-32, 8-17; E E. Dunwoodie: 6-21 : “Local-burn” Problem ; 6-46; Census: 6-48, 6-71, 8-54; New Church : 6-67 ; Chronology: 10-46; Administration; 8-19, 10-8, 11-6. 11-7, 12-49.

Sandalwood: 1-47.

Shipping Mishaps; 1-75, 2-4, 2-5, 2-27, 2-52, 2-54, 2-64, 4-65, 5-64, 5-75, 6-64, 7-8, 7-14, 8-6, 8-18. 8-20, 8-51, 9-10, 10-5, 11-4, 11-5, 11-21, 12-6. 12-10.

Solomon Islands, General: 1-53, 2-38, 4-33. 4-46, 5-20, 6-11, 6-72, 6-74, 7-11, 7-48. 8-22. 8-24; Council: 1-44, 5-32, 5-67: Goldfield: 2-4, 6-30, 7-6, 10-6. 12-6; Shipping: 2-54; Japanese Sampans: 4-4, 9-4, 9-15; “Nutfall”: 5-34; Missions: 10-34; Seychelles Vessel: 6-10 ; Earthquake: 7-29; Defaulting Recruits; 8-56, 11-42; Closed Districts: 8-64; Bride Money: 9-37.

Southern Pacific Insurance Co.: 1-24.

South Pacific Ship. Line: 10-8. 0 Soya Beans: 7-39.

Steamships Trading Co.: 5-9, 7* 12-6.

Sunday Is. (Kermadecs) : 1-4 1 ! 2-46, 3-31. 4-61, 12-38, 12-60 Suva—Mayoral Chain: 1-9, 3-6lc New Govt. Building: 10-60 11-6.

TAHITI, General: 1-67, 3-11 3-34, 4-6, 4-34. 5-74, 6-6, 6-2 S 6-24, 6-35, 6-38, 6-47, 6-53, 8- - 8-5, 8-31, 9-47, 12-44, 12-6 SI Castaways: 2-19; Shipping] 1-36, 4-7, 4-33, 5-56, 6-19, 6-60 10-5, 12-6; S. Russell: 2-610 3-32 ; Kong Ah: 3-5 : Missions: 6-6, 6-57, 6-66, 8-6, 9-38, 9-481 Oil Station : 6-37, 12-9 ; History 10-6, 11-25, 11-45, 12-45; Haw eis: 6-66; Trade: 8-47; Usury- -8-65; Chinese: 8-55, 11-5; Fun ure of Oceania: 9-3, 9-11 J 12-23; MacDonald, artist: 9-571 Native Music: 9-53; Vanilll Beans: 10-28; Tourists: 10-56 i Treasure-hunt; 12-29.

Thomas, W. W., Fiji: 2-47.

Tokelau Is.: 4-25, 7-48, 12-5.

Tonga, General: 6-5, 7-5, 7-3 T 7.41; “Ngataki”: 7-23; History 2-55, 5-36; Prince Taufa’ahau/ 4-9, 5-10, 8-72; Rev. Wood* 7-61; Shark-fishing: 8-34; Huu ricane; 9-8 ; Anglican ChurcM 10-50.

Torres St. Islands: 1-42, 2-68, 5-711 6-75, 7-66, 7-71.

WHALING: 3-20, 8-16.

Williams. Ward (Papua) ; l-2d 2-46, 9-3' 10-73, 12-S.

YACHTS Cruising in Pacific “Hurricane” (Suva) : 1-4© “Farys”: 4-8; “Strangen (Suva) : 2-49; “Antelope”' 3-14 ; “Director” (Papua) : 4-7$ “Chance”: 5-50; “Felicie”' 6-10: “Idle Hour”: 6-54 “Pup”: 6-73 ; “Taisei Mara”' 7-20; “Ngataki”: 7-23; “Da Pomorza” (Papeete) ; 8-24 “Stella Polaris”: 8-31 ; Snarlinn Voyagers: 9-49; “Yankee”' 10-28; “Viking”: 11-51.

DR. V. W. T. McGUSTY Secretary for Indian Affairs in Fiji, passed through Sydney in July oo Kis way to attend a conference oC native affairs in the Dutch Easj Indies. Dr. McGusty is an office' with many years experience in Fiji and is regarded by both the Fijias and Indian communities with equii esteem. 80 Pacific Islands Monthly. July 23, AUGUST, 1936, TO JULY, 1937, INCLUSIVE [First numeral indicates number of issue, and second numeral gives the paj Index to Vol. Vll.-(Continued) Published bv Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street. Sydney. (Telephone 8W5037). Wholly set up and printed in Australia The Grason Press, 431 B Kent Street, Sydney,

'"'■‘T Aerial Transport Has

Done For New Guinea

S INCE 1927, when the development of the Morobe Goldfield commenced, opean population of the Territory has been trebled. The new industry reased the Empire's gold production by nearly £2,000,000 per annum, as added enormously to the trade turnover of New Guinea.

G Aerial Transport makes this possible. There is no road between the 'fields and the coast. Aeroplanes, running on Regular Schedules, ut Difficulty or Delay, carry in Dredges, Crushing Mills, Cyaniding Plants, Motor Vehicles, Hydro - Electric Machinery, Thousands of Passengers, and every kind of goods needed by a large and growing European community.

UINEA AIRWAYS LTD. were *27; and they have flowing way, until largest freightm the world: U m v ■ mm T * Aerial Transport is now assisting in the establishment of agricultural and pastoral industries to serve the goldfields. The above recent photo shows dairy cows being unloaded from a aeroplane, after being brought in from the coast for a dairy farm near Wan. (Photo: Thos. A. Olsson) irways Ltd. operate regular air services in New Guinea and Papua; over 50 Aerodromes and Landing-grounds in the two Territories.

Nea Airways U™

Lae - Salamaua

_/FFICE:

Brookman Buildings

Grenfell Street

ADELAIDE, S.A.

BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU, NEW GUINEA OFFICE: LAE

Mandated Territory Of

New Guinea

Salamaua, Port Moresby, And Sydney

Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937

N . \' s?.' v '- V 5 ; pEVf botuh A <4 77 i

Tooth & Co Limited

H X WAVERLEV BREWERY.

E 21 jJV ■ . - O oSv' f>Vx\ k >-V* V> .^v^*SP ‘cZ/ie Jimmmc/-xj/ia^et/ ensures a

Peepeet Drink

auc/t/ie cionm Jea/

Preserves The Flavour

E 21 When ordering lager, first look for the Diamondshaped Label —that is your guarantee of quality.

Then notice the “Spot” Crown Seal, it is designed to retain that quality, and ensure perfect freshness and flavour in any climate.

Rksch’Ssf'Laeeb

R.L.

Pacific Islands Monthly, July 23, 1937