PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly DECEMBER, 1957 Vol. XXVIII. No, 5. jkhj hjgfhfg THIS pretty little girl is Giwa Rose, of Jame Plantation, Buka, New Guinea.

Her father is a Maty Island man named Ugi, who has been in the service of Mr. Fred Archer (owner of Jame Plantation) for 30 years. It is net hard to believe that Giwa Rose is the pet of the plantatien staff.

New "Radar-Eye

MM ON QANTAS Super-Constellations plots the weather 100 miles ahead for smoother, more comfortable flying This latest addition to the worldfamous Qantas Super-G Constellation provides even smoother flying for world travellers. Qantas Super-G Constellations enjoy a reputation based on millions of miles over intercontinental routes.

Fly high in the smooth upper air and enjoy the highest standard of air travel in the world today. The modern, convenient rest-rooms and full-length, soft, foam-cushioned chairs are all wellknown features of the Qantas Super-G Constellation. For the utmost in luxury air travel to Europe, America, Asia and Africa, fly Qantas.

CEEED Australia's Overseas Airline QANTAS EMPIRE AIRWAYS LIMITED (INC. IN Q'LD.) IN ASSOCIATION WITH 8.0.A.C. AND TEAL Q 60.84.67 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

a STOVES

Made In England

These two Coleman Stoves are of the one burner kerosene type and are available in both silent and roarer models. Their dimensions are height inches, diameter 8J inches, approximate weight 2| lb. Both models have the same outstanding features.

Model No. 532 E

Silent Type

1. Full-Size Fount with Filler Plug of wing type. 2. Air release on side of Filler Plug 3. Heavy Brass pressure-tested Tanks. 4. Fount and Burner firmly soldered together. 5. European-type pump. 6. Grate and Grate Supports detachable to reduce shipping space. 7. Spare parts interchangeable with similar mm.

Model No. 531 E

Roarer Type

European Stoves.

Representatives for the Pacific Islands: 22 YOUNG ST., SYDNEY ROBERT GILLESPIE Pty. Ltd.

PEARCE & CO. LTD.

SUVA

For Fiji Islands

3IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMB E R . 19 5 7

An airline —and the islands of pleasure m m m New Zealand is the holiday Paradise of the South Pacific. For here is a genially temperate and unspoilt land fashioned by a lavish hand for the leisurely pursuit of every sporting and scenic pleasure.

And here, too, is the domain of New Zealand National Airways Corporation, whose fleet links 20 key cities, towns and tourist resorts, and connects with other airlines servicing many more centres.

MAC * NEW ZEALAND TB

National Airways Corporation

m 2 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH 1» ■

0 s'.

BEEf ED "SALISBURY" cann ed meats, SPECIALLY PACKED for the PACIFIC d ISLANDS ARE the popular choice, ALWAYS.

*Ned Beef Ox Tongues Sausages And Tomato

*NED MUTTON MIDGET (Cocktail) SAUSAGES STEAK & KIDNEY PUDDING

Vtreat Sandwich Pastes Lamb & Green Peas

;ep tongues dripping and lard Also "WESTFIELD" Brand CORNED BEEF, KEGGED MEATS, CORNED MUTTON, DRIPPING AND LARD WESTFIELD FREEZING CO. LTD. tal Address: Private Bag, C.F.0., Auckland, N.Z. Cable Address: Filalora, Auckland 3 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

NEW

Double-Wrapped

Moisture-Proof

PACKETS ♦ * mM mmm % ■ ms a 4 # 1 C r*** /*> £7 i WHEN NOT IN USE,

Keep In A Closed

Tin To Maintain

CRISP FRESHNESS.

Qrnott's Biscuits There is no Substitute for Quality X/EXS/2 4 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY'

est-Sellers or Pacific lanters . . . my practical publications for :ific planters, dealing mainly h the growing of major Padcrops such as coconuts, fee and cocoa, are included in the :hnical Paper series published by South Pacific Commission. One idred and ten titles have been led to date. In brisk popular dend are the four listed below (obtable post free from the South :ific Commission, G.P.O. Box 54, Sydney, Australia. When writask for complete list of titles): SV' '// 'St

Economic Aspects Of The Coconut

INDUSTRY IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC, by E.

J. E. Lefort. fiinical Paper No. 92 1. The present and future status of mut growing in the Pacific is examined in detail by the lor, who considers that the long-term market prospects the industry are good. His Chapter on ways and means developing the industry should be read by all planters.

PRICE 4/- STG (Post free by surface mail.)

The Manufacture Of Copra In The

PACIFIC ISLANDS, by W. V. D. Pieris. this report, P.I.M said: “ . . . This is probably the best ;tical survey of the copra industry yet to be made availto Pacific producers”. Pacific planters will find this ;rt report on copra making of great practical value The lor, formerly Director of the Ceylon Coconut Research itute, was engaged by the South Pacific Commission to e a survey of the main copra-producing territories of the ;h Pacific His report, now published by the Commission, •ains his observations and findings on copra manufacture ;he region.

PRICE (i/- STG. (Post free by surface mail.)

• Food Plants Of The South Sea

ISLANDS, by E. Massal and J. Barrau. (Technical Paper No. 94). Of this publication the Pacific Science Association “Bulletin” states: “This publication . . , brings together a great deal of information, previously scattered and inaccessible on the crops of the peoples spread over the huge and very varied area in which the South Pacific Commission operates. It will of great value to anyone concerned with agriculture or nutriiion in the Pacific”.

PRICE 6/- STG. (Post free by surface mail.)

• The Rhinoceros Beetle In Western

SAMOA, by R. A. Cumber. (SPC Technical Paper No. 107). Planters in Pacific islands infested with the rhinoceros beetle will find this survey, carried out for the South Pacific Commission by Dr. R. A.

Cumber, invaluable for its practical recommendations for control of the pest, which in some areas constitutes a major threat to the copra industry. Planters in beetle-free territories could also with advantage study the author’s findings as a safeguard in th c event of future infestation.

PRICE 4/- STG. (Post free by surface mall.) quarterly © i m i The SPC Qu* rterty Itulletin. published by the South TJ acific Commission, is a magazine that provides expert practical guidance on a wide range of topics of particular interest to Pacific planters. Advice is given on the growing of crops such as coconuts, coffee, cocoa, rice, bananas, castor and soft fibres. Other topics covered in recent issues include the construction of copra kilns, fish farming, sponge culture, processing of coffee and cocoa beans, solar stills, transplanting pearl shell and trochus, practical uses for coconut timber, and Pacific co-operatives.

QUARTERLY BULLETIN One year . 8/- stg. ($1.15) SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Three years 20/- stg. ($2.80) (Post Free by Surface Mail) 4 * cpr Quarterly Bulletin and subscriptions thereto, and gT of 8# TactalcTpapJs SZ Sp, ISSf S W EsiE S RN P S* P M o OAiwe S .ey Bookshop, Apla-OR direct ist-free by surface mail from.

Hh Th Pacific

non ßnv 5254. Svdney, Australia 5 1 F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

THE CHINA NAVIGATION CO. LTD. (A British Company incorporated within the United Kingdom) 1 v*- Tl 1

New Guinea Australia Line

Passenger and Cargo Liners Regular Services between AUSTRALIA and NEW GUINEA M.S. SHANSI . . . Sydney Brisbane Port Moresby Samarai and return.

M.S. SOOCHOW . . Sydney Brisbane Rabaul Kavieng Madang Lae and return.

M.S. SINKIANG . . Melbourne Sydney Port Moresby Samarai Lae —• Madang Rabaul and return.

Japan —Hongkong —New Guinea

New Monthly Service between JAPAN, KONGKONG and NEW GUINEA (Returning via Australia to Japan Direct) 5.5. FUNING ] Japan Hongkong Madang Kavieng Rabaul Lae 5.5. FENGNING f Samarai Port Moresby.

Calls at Kavieng are on alternate months, or subject to inducement.

Calls at Samarai subject to inducement.

Through bills to and from U.K., Continent, U.S.A. & Japan.

For further details please apply to agents, or refer to the weekly advertisement in the South Pacific Post AGENTS PAPUA: Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., Port Moresby, Samarai. Cable: Steamships.

NEW GUINEA: Colyer Watson (N.G.) Ltd., Lae, Madang, Rabaul. Cable: Colyeram. New Guinea Co. Ltd., Kavieng.

Cable: “Camohe”.

BRISBANE: Wills, Gilchrist & Sanderson Pty. Ltd.. 400 Queen Street. Cable: Wilgilsand.

MELBOURNE: John Sanderson (Shipping) Pty. Ltd., 11l William Street. Cable: Syndicate.

JAPAN: Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, Kobe: Butterfield & Swire (Japan) Ltd. Cable: Swire.

GENERAL AGENTS AUSTRALASIA: Swire & Yuill Pty. Ltd., 6 Bridge St., Sydney. Cable: “Swireship”. 8U1712.

EASTERN MANAGERS: Butterfield & Swire, Hongkong. Cable: Swire. 6 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

Orcades Himalaya Orsova

SYDNEY depart Jan. 24 Mar. 21 Apl 29 AUCKLAND arr/dep Jan. 27 Mar. 24 May 2 SUVA arr/dep Jan. 30 Mar. 27 May 5 HONOLULU arr/dep Feb. 4 Apr. 1 May 10 VANCOUVER arr/dep Feb. 10-11 Apr. 7-8 May 16 SAN FRANCISCO arr/dep Feb. 13-14 Apr. 10-11 May 19 HONOLULU arr/dep Feb. 18 Apr. 15 May 24 SUVA arr/dep Feb. 25 Apr. 22 May 31 AUCKLAND arr/dep Feb. 28 Apr. 25 June 3 SYDNEY arrive Mar. 3 Apr. 28 June 6 EUROPE

West Indies

New Zealand

Australia And

South Africa

Linking the Pacific Islands with The 20,000 tons all Tourist Class liner s.s. Southern Cross emphasises the modern trend in travel 1 ith the latest in amenities: Every cabin air-conditioned Two swimming pools Unencumbered sports decks Children’s play rooms and deck Spacious lounges Air-conditioned Dining Room Orchestra Cinema Theatre • Stabilisers V. 5.3. SOUTHERN CROSS *0 w -<■' For full particulars apply FIJI Any branch or agency of Burns Philp (South Sea Co. Ltd.) Cable Address: Burphil TAHITI Elablissements Donald Tahiti, Papeete Cable Address; Donald, Papeete [?]ping Time-Tables Australia - New Zealand - Canada - USA tilings are approximate and may ,ry by as much as two weeks. dney-Papua-N. Guinea Hontoro sails from Melbourne for Brisbane, Port Moresby, Samarai, Madang, Lae. Port Moresby. Next sailing approx. Dec. 13. lalekula sails from Sydney for Port r, Rabaul, Wewak, Alexishafen, I, Lae. Next Sydney sailings end of Dec.

Jalaita sails from Sydney for Lae, j, Lombrum, Lorengau, Kavieng, Samarai. Next Sydney sailing Dec. 19.

Bulolo, modern liner, sails about ix weeks: Sydney, Brisbane, Port ’, Samarai, Lae, Madang, Lombrum, Next Sydney sailing approx. Dec.

Is from Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd., :e Street, Sydney.

Soochow: Next Sydney sailing Jan. 7 for Brisbane, Port Moresby marai.

Sinkiang: Leaves Sydney for e, Honiara - Yandina, Rabaul, I, Madang, Lae. Next Sydney approx. Dec. 15.

Shansi: Leaves Melbourne for Port Moresby, Samarai, Lae, ;, Kavieng, Rabaul, Port Moresby, '■dney sailing: Jan. 7.

Is from Swire and Yuill Pty. Ltd., :e St., Sydney.

Sydney-Dutch N.G. weeks service by MV’s Sigll, Silin- Sibigo and Sinabang carrying pasand cargo from E. Australian > Hollandia and Sorong, DNO (with nd/or Manokwari if inducement), Borneo, Bangkok, Singapore, thence ia direct. Next Sydney sailings: ig Dec. 10, Silindoeng probably , Sibigo Jan. 17. s from Royal Interocean Lines. 255 St., Sydney. : ar East-S.W. Pacific- Australia S.W. Pacific ports on south-bound journeys only.) wners advise that service is now •eview. with possibility that vessels ig ahd Funing will omit Australian id turn around at a P-NG port, ng: Leaves Japan Dec. 27, arrives G, Jan. 16; calls also Kavieng, Lae, Port Moresby, ig: Leaves Japan Jan. 20, arrives ; Feb. 9, and calls Rabaul, Lae, i. Port Moresby.

Is from New Guinea Australia Line and Yuill Pty. Ltd., agents), 6 St.. Sydney.

Australia-West Pacific Line motor Arcs, Citos, Delos and Milos malngular services between Australian nd Japan. Northbound vessels call lila, Hongkong and Japan; southvessels call at Hongkong, Manila, an. Rabaul, Lae. Brisbane, Sydney, elbourne, with quarterly calls at apt.). Honiara and Vanikoro. : Sailing Sydney approx. Dec. 16 ound). Southbound, arr. Rabaul ; Honiara Jan. 23-26, Sydney Feb. ourne Feb. 13. : Sydney northbound approx. Dec.

Rabaul sailing Nov. 29. Lae Dec. 3, Brisbane Dec. 8, Sydney Dec. 12, Melbourne Dec. 23.

Delos: Sailing Lae Jan. 21 (Rabaul optional), Brisbane Jan. 27, Sydney Jan 31, Adelaide Feb. 7.

Details from Wilh. Wllhelmsen Agency Pty., Ltd., 30 Pitt St., Sydney, or Islands agents (R. Tebb, Lae; Town Transport, Rabaul: A. Strachan, Madang; BSIP Trading Corp., Honiara).

Sailings of Orient and P. & O. Line Passenger Ships 1957-1958. 7 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

Pacific Islands Transport Line

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S Sandefjord, Norway Motor Vessels "THORSISLE" and "THORSHALL"

Regular Freight and Passenger Service between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and TAHITI - SAMOA - FIJI - NEW CALEDONIA -

New Hebrides - New Guinea

GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION LTD.

General Agents 432 California Street San Francisco 4, California, U.S.A.

PAPEETE—EtabHssements Donald Tahiti. APlA—Morris Bedstrom Ltd.

SUVA—Morris Hedstrom Ltd. NOUMEA —EtabHssements Ballande.

PORT VlLA—Comptoirs Francais des LAE—Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd.

Nouvelies Hebrides. SYDNEY—Birt & Co. (Pty.) Ltd.

Australia-West Pacific Line

m ’■riTUfmi M.V. MILOS’

THE A.W.P.L. FLEET now comprises the modern Swedish Motor Vessels "Arcs", "Citos"

'"Delos" and "Milos" which offer the fastest regular passenger-cargo service from Aus fralia to Main Japanese Ports via Manila and Hong Kong. On the return voyage calls are made at Hong Kong, Manila, Sandakan, Rabaul, Lae, and thence to Brisbane, Sydney ano Melbourne.

Quarterly calls are made at Honiara and Vanikoro on the Southbound voyage.

Further particulars may be obtained from: MANAGING AGENTS IN AUSTRALIA: WILH. WILHELMSEN AGENCY PTY. LTD., 30 Pitt St., Sydney. Phone: BU 630 L Branch Office at Melbourne: 51 William St. Phone: MB 2840.

AUSTRALIAN AGENTS: Brisbane & Adelaide; Gibbs. Bright & Co.

ISLAND AGENTS: Madang, Mr. A. Strachan; Lae, Mr. R. Tebb; Rabaul, Town Transport Ltd.; Honiara, British Solomoc Islands Trading Corporation.

FAR EASTERN AGENTS: Dodwell & Co. Ltd., Manila, Hong Kong & Japan.

N. Zealand-Fiji-Tonga-Samoa MV Tofua maintains a service from Auckland to Suva, Nukualofa, Vavau, Niue, Pago Pago, Apia, Suva and return to Auckland. Next sailings from Auckland: Dec. 31, Jan, 28.

MV Matua maintains a service from Auckland to Lautoka, Suva. Nukualofa, Apia, Suva, Lyttelton, Wellington, and return to Auckland. Next sailings from Auckland: Dec. 19, Jan. 16, Feb. 13.

Details from all offices of Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ.

N. Zealand-Cook Is.

The passenger vessel Maul Pomare maintains a regular service between Auckland and the Cook Islands.

Details on application to NZ Government Department of Island Territories, Wellington, or to any office of the Union SS Co. of NZ Ltd.

Sydney-New Hebrides-BSI Rabaul, Etc.

MV Tulagi, 10 passengers, leaves Syd for Norfolk, Vila. Santo, Honiara, Tem Yandina, Pepesala, Gizo, Kieta, Arlj Teopasino, Numa, Soraken. Next Syo sailing approx. Dec. 19.

Details from Burns, Philp & Coi Bridge Street, Sydney.

Sydney-N. Caledonia-Tahii Vessels of Messageries Maritimes I coming from Marseilles, via West Ir and Panama, call about every six w. at Papeete, Vila (New Hebrides), Noi| and Sydney, and return by same ro At present on this run are the mo ships, Tahitien and Caledonien. 3 Sydney sailing; Tahitien Dec. 24.

MV Polynesie (Messageries Maritil maintains about monthly passenger I ings between Sydney and Noumea the New Hebrides. Next Sydney sail Dec. 20.

Details from Sydney agents: Messagt Maritimes, 36 Grosvenor Street, Sydne Sydney-S. Africa-UK-Pacifi Ports-Sydney Shaw Savill’s new one-class all-passe; liner Southern Cross makes four roi the-world voyages per year, two v bound, then two east-bound, calling Suva and Papeete every trip. Next voy Papeete, Jan. 3-4, Suva Jan. 9, them turn Southampton via S. Africa.

Southampton Mar. 5, via Panama!

Papeete, March 29-30; Suva, Apl..

Wellington Apl. 8-10; Sydney. Apl. 13. 8 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHII

Londqn-Suva

9\RECT VIA PANAMA For Sailings and Further Particulars Apply To: —

Bethell, Gwyn & Co. Ltd,, Burns Philp (South Sea)

138 LEADENHALL ST., CO. LTD., LONDON, E.C.3. SUVA, FUI h. vn a Car on Your Holidays AND SAVE ! roadway Motors SPECIAL ISLANDS PLAN will save transport in Australia ! m from over 100 guaranteed cars. See more ... do more . . . pack an into your Australian holiday with a good used, car from Sydney’s Broadway Motors. So simple! You select your car . . . pay cash you wish, make a small down payment. If you buy on terms the y payments will be reduced to the absolute minimum to leave you iximum spending money. When your holiday is finished Broadway buy it back and finalise all outstanding money. This gives you e of a good car for WAY UNDER ordinary hiring rates. What’s ach car is covered by a written 30-day guarantee for your protection. 1.

ADWAY MOTORS (N.S.W.) PTY. LTD.

Australia's Largest Used Car Organisation THREE SYDNEY SHOWROOMS: 184-200 BROADWAY. MA 6666. 361-367 NEW SOUTH HEAD ROAD, DOUBLE BAY. FM 1051. 204-313 OXFORD STREET. BONDI JUNCTION. FW 7996. you money on your holiday You own the car and choose the car YOU WANT.

You know the exact cost and can budget accordingly.

You buy a guaranteed car on a low deposit.

Ni mileage fees to pay.

Drive it ALL your holiday.

Broadway Motors will buy it back when you leave.

The Sales Manager, Broadway Motors (N.S.W.) Pty. Ltd.

Please send me free particulars of your Special Islands Plan without obligation.

NAME ADDRESS ——- P.I .M. imerica-Fiji-Hebrides, etc. 1c Islands Transport Line's vessels ile and Thorshall maintain a ■ service from Pacific Coast North an ports, with sailings over 35-40 Some ports depend on cargoes T 5 • sisle: New Westminster Jan. 23- ,n Francisco Jan. 31-Peb. 5, Los 5 Feb. 6-8, Papeete Feb. 19-21, ofa Feb. 26-28, Pago Pago. Mar. 1i Mar. 2-4, Suva Mar. 7-9, Lautoka -11, Noumea Mar. 14-16. Vila, Mar.

Lae Mar. 24-28, San Francisco, Apl. shall: New Westminster Dec. 16-20, 'rancisco Dec. 23-27, Los Angeles >-30. Papeete Jan. 10-13, Pago Pago ■l9. Apia Jan. 19-21, Suva Jan. 24-25, a Jan. 28-31, Pago Pago (inbound) -6, San Francisco Feb. 22.

Is from General Steamships Corn Ltd., 432 California St.. San ico. USA. and Island Agents.

Lae Mar. 24-28. San Francisco 6.

JTahiti-Pago Pago-Fiji- Australia >n-Oceanic Line of San Francisco s a regular five-weeks passengeriervice from Los Angeles with the i, Alameda, Sierra and Sonoma, n terminal ports vary with cargoes Vessels call at Papeete, Pago md Suva, depending on cargoes, sailings from Sydney approx.: i Dec. 15, Alameda Jan. 25.

Sydney-Fiji-Vancouver Pacific Shipowners, Ltd., of Suva (subsidiary of W. R. Carpenter & Co.) operate a service three times yearly with the 10,000 ton, 88-passenger vessel Lakemba along the above route. Accommodation is entirely First Class, two-berth cabins.

Next sailing from Sydney: About end March, with calls at Suva, Lautoka and Honolulu.

Details from American Trading & Shipping Co. Pty., Ltd., 19 Bridge St., Sydney.

Sydney-(or NZI-North America The four cargo vessels, Waihemo Wairuna, Walkawa, and Waitomo, owned and operated by the Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ Ltd., maintain a monthly service across the Pacific, from Sydney to Vancouver and USA ports, via Suva, Lautoka, Nukualofa, and Apia, as cargoes offer. Occasional calls are made at Fanning Island. They have limited passenger 9 I F I C IS LAN DS MONTHLY DE C E MBER, 1957

A CLUB AT SEA . . . . ~ * "—' A great Orient Liner voyaging across the world has an unique club atmosphere.

Those sailing in her have this wonderful thing in common— travel interest —and the leisure in which to make new friends with whom to share it ... to plan meetings or tours with them and so enrich the pleasure of the overseas holiday.

Travel in Orient Liners to Europe ... or to Canada and U.S.A. relaxed deep in Orient Line Comfort • enjoying abundant travel interest attended by traditional British Service • regaled by the best of good food amused by pleasant entertainments

Orient Line

- -7 O BIANA (Building) . ORSOVA OBONSAt . ORCADEt OBION . OBONTES ORIENT STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY LIMITED, INCORPORATED IN ENGLAND accommodation. Next Sydney sailings: Wairuna end Feb., Waitomo early March, Waikawa Dec. 24, Waihemo end Jan. The Waitemata, from NZ ports, makes 3-4 trips yearly to Vancouver, via Rarotonga and Papeete.

N. America-Hawaii-Fiji-Samoa* Tahiti-N. Zealand-Australia Matson Line’s Mariposa and Monterey make round passenger trips from Pacific North Coast American ports to Australia, via Pacific Islands ports and New Zealand.

Mariposa (southbound): Dep. San Francisco Jan. 1, Los Angeles Jan. 2, Papeete Jan. 12, Auckland Jan. 18, arr.

Sydney Jan. 21.

Monterey (northbound): Sydney dep.

Jan. 3, Auckland Jan. 6, Suva Jan. 10, Pago Pago Jan, 11, Honolulu Jan. 17, arr.

San Francisco Jan. 22.

Mariposa (northbound): Dep. Sydney Jan. 24, Auckland Jan. 27. Suva Jan. 31, Pago Pago Feb. 1. Honolulu Feb. 7. San Francisco (arr.) Feb. 12.

Details from Matson Lines, Berger House, 82 Elizabeth Street, Sydney.

United Kingdom-Australia- Port Moresby The Federal Steam Navigation Co., Ltd., will extend its regular quarterly UK- Australia service to Port Moresby.

MV Donegal will sail Liverpool on Jan. 7 and will proceed via Suez to Sydney, Brisbane, Townsville, Cairns, Port Moresby, and return to UK via same route.

Sydney agents: Birt and Co. Pty., Ltd., 4 Bridge St. Port Moresby agents: Burns Philp (New Guinea), Ltd.

Airways Time-Table!

Transpacific Servici

1. Australia (or NZ)-Fii Hawaii-N. America (First and Tourist Class availabll all Services.)

By Pan-American Airways*’

(With Strato Clippers, using Sleeper and Berths*) Sun.. Tues.. Thur., Pri.: Sydney, t Canton Is., Honolulu, San Francisc Los Angeles.

Mon., Tues., Thurs., Sat.: San Fran) or Los Angeles to Sydney (same roi * PAA Skymasters are used on a ' necting service between Auckland 1 Nadi (see table 16); and also on a weekly service between Nadi and Tat American Samoa (see table 19).

By Qantas Empire Airways

(Soper Constellation Service) NORTHWARDS Tues.*, Wed.*, Pri.* and Sat.*: Syd Nadi (Fiji), Honolulu, San Francis with Sat. service extending to | couver.

SOUTHWARDS Wed.*, Thur.*, Sat.*. Mon.*: San Franc Honolulu, Nadi (FIJI), Sydney. I day’s service begins at Vancouvei Sunday. (Note: Crosses date-line route), • TEAL DC6 services between Aucb and Nadi connect at Nadi Tues Fri. northwards; Wed. and Sat. soc wards.

Note: Wed. and Fri. services ex Sy l connect at San Francisco with BE service to London departing San Franu Thu. and Sat. BOAC service, ex Loi on Tues. and Thurs. connect at San F cisco with Qantas Thurs. and Sat serto Sydney.

BY CANADIAN PACIFIC AIRLINE: (With Super DC-6B Aircraft) Every Wed.: Sydney (dep. 2.45 p; Auckland, Nadi, Honolulu. Vancov Amsterdam.

Every Sun.: Leaves Vancouver (dej p.m.) for Auckland and Sydney; same route. (Departs Amsterdam p.m. Friday). (Note; Crosses date-line en route).

Sectional Services Ii

PACIFIC 2. Sydney-New Guinea Service by Qantas Empire Airway." (Skymasters) NORTHWARDS Depart: Mon. Arrive: : Sydney, 6.30 p.m. Brisbane, 9.10 Brisbane, 10.10 p.m.

Tues.

Depart: Arrive: Townsville, 1.50 Townsville, 2.50 a.m. Pt. Moresby. 6.35 i Pt. Moresby 7.35 a.m. Lae, 9 Tues., Wed., Fri., Sat.

Depart: Arrive: Sydney, 8 p.m. Brisbane. 10.40 Brisbane, 11.45 p.m. Pt. Moresby, 6,35 i Wed., Thurs., Sat., Sun.

Pt. Moresby, 7.35 a.m. Lae, 9 Thurs.

Depart: Arrive.-: Sydney, 8 p.m. Brisbane, 10.40 Brisbane, 11.45 p.m.

Fri.

Cairns, 4.20 Cairns, 5.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 8.20 Pt. Moresby, 9.20 a.m. Lae. 10.45 10 DECEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH II

FOR VERY PARTICULAR PEOPLE...

I

Luxury Trans Atlantic Air Services

9t-'l S. l/S ft 7 / :S u Finest ever across the Atlantic, the 8.0.A.C. “Monarch” service now offers more elegance, more luxury and far greater spaciousness than ever before —to a restricted passenger list of 40 well-cared-for people.

Replanned to allow every passenger the comfort of a fully-reclining deluxe sleeper seat, the super luxury double-deck “Monarch” Stratocruiser provides plenty of room to move around. And the cocktail lounge on the lower deck is a joy discerning travellers appreciate.

The 8.0.A.C. “Monarch” service flies overnight every night direct between London and New York and between New York and London.

Magnificent food and wines, courteous personal attention from a cabin crew of four. Private sleeping berths at nominal extra charge.

You can book from Australia. See your 8.0.A.C. Travel Agent.

Information and bookings from all leading Travel Agents and Qantas Empire Airways Ltd. ( 8.0.A.C. General Agents for Australia).

World leader in air travel V me takes good care of you BRITISH OVERSEAS AIRWAYS CORPORATION WITH QANTAS, TEAL. AND S.A.A. ■ 1 ABO AU SOUTHWARDS Tues. part: Arrive: } 30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 11.45 a.m. resby, 12.30 p.m. Townsville. 4.15 p.m vllle, 5.45 p.m. Brisbane, 9.25 p.m. ne, 10.10 p.m.

Wed.

Sydney, 12.50 a.m Wed., Thurs., Sun. part- Arrive: ) 30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 11.45 a.m. iresby. 12.30 p.m. Brisbane, 7.5 p.m. ne 8.30 p.m. Sydney, 11.10 p.m.

Frl. part- Arrive: 2 45 p.m. Pt. Moresby, 2 p.m. iresby, 2.45 p.m. Brisbane, 9.20 p.m. ne, 10.20 p.m. Sydney, 1 a.m. (Sat.) Sat. part- Arrive: 0 30 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 11.45 a.miresby, 12.30 p.m. Cairns, 3.20 p.m. 4.50 p.m. Brisbane, 9.25 p.m- Sun.

Sydney, 12.50 a.m. ne, 10.10 p.m.

P NG Internal Services Operated by Qantas HOLLANDIA (Dutch New Guinea) (DCS) fed. (Dec. 25, Jan. 8, 22, etc.), is Lae 11.00 a.m., calls at Madang Wewak, and arrives at Hollandla 3 p.m. Every alternative Tliurs. :c. 26, Jan. 9. 23, etc.) departs landia at 9.30 a.m., and, with calls Wewak and Madang, arrives Lae at ) p.m.

Lae-Manus (Dcs)

Ved. (Dec. 25, Jan. 8, 22, etc.).

J& e. 8.00 a.m.: Pinschhafen, Rabaui. /ieng, arr. Manus 3.30 p.m. alt. Sat. (Dec. 28, Jan. 11, 25, ) departs Manus 8 a.m. and with is at Kavieng, Rabaui and Finschen, arrives' Lae at 3.30 p.m. ,T MORESBY-KIKORI (Catalina) ule Is., Kerema, Vaimuru; Alt. Frl. irning same day (Dec. 20, Jan. 3. 31, etc.).

RT MORESBY-DARU (Catalina) lerema, Klkon: Alt. Pri. returning •u-Port Moresby direct same day ic. 13, 27, Jan. 10, 24, etc.).

T MORESBY-SAMARAI (Catalina) oresby, Samarai, Pt. Moresby: Alt. >s. (Dec. 17, 31, Jan. 14, 28. etc.).

T MORESBY-RABAUL (Catalina) rues. (Dec. 24, Jan. 7, 21, etc.) t Moresby-Moewe Harbour-Talaseaquinot Bay-Rabaul, returning via le ports (Dec. 26, Jan. 9, 23,

(Ew Britain-Bougainville

(Catalina) Wed. (Dec. 25, Jan. 8, 22, ,), Rabaui, Buka, Teopasino, Kieta, n. Returning same day.

AE-MADANG-WEWAK-MANUS-

Kavieng-Rabaul Service

(DCS) Dep. Lae 6.30 a.m., Madang arr. > a.m. Wewak, Manus, Kavieng, aaul, arr. 3.45 p.m.

Dep. Rabaui 6.30 a.m., direct to dang, arr. 9.25 a.m. .: Dep. Lae 6.30 a.m., Madang, ar, Wewak, Manus, Kavieng, Rabaui, . 4.05 p.m.

Dep. Rabaui 6.30 a.m. Kavieng, nus, Wewak, Madang, Lae, arr. 5 p.m.

Central Highlands (Dcs)

r s: Lae (7.45 a.m.) to Wapenamunda, ling at any of: Goroka, Nondugl. az, MinJ, Mt. Hagen, Baiyer R., inantu, Wapenamunda. Arrival back Lae dependent on stops. 11 DIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

Fly to Europe direct from Biak and save Interested? Of course . . . especially when you travel Super Constellation by KLM, the World's First Airline. Your saving by this direct route may be up to £lBO on the round trip to London. • Your local travel agent or KLM will gladly tell you all about this moneysaving route. • KLM also provide direct services from Bialc to Manila and Tokyo as well as Bangkok and all ports en route to Europe.

KLM

Royal Dutch

AiRLIMIS

Klm Royal Dutch Airlines

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Lower Highlands

(Beaver) Fridays: Lae (7.30 a.m.) to Goroka, calling at any of Nadzab, Kalapit, Qusap.

Alyura, Plnintegu, Rintebe, Bena.

Kalnantu, Goroka, Arena. Arrival back at Lae depends on stops made.

LAE-BULOLO-WAU (D.H. Beaver) Dep. Lae: Mon. 7.30 a.m., Tues. 11 a.m.

Dep. Wau: Mon. 8.55 a.m., Tues., 12.25 p.m. Bulolo is omitted on return flights which take 30 minutes. Wau-Lae.

Lae-Bulolo-Wau-Pt. Moresby (Dcs)

Dep. Lae Wed. and Sat. 9 a.m. via Bulolo, Wau to Poik, Moresby, returning via same route.

Madang-Goroka (Dcs)

Wed.: Depart Madang 7.45 a.m., arrive Goroka 8.20 a.m., returning same day; depart Goroka 8.50 a.m., arr. Madang 9.25 a.m.

NEW GUINEA-NEW BRITAIN-

Bougainville (Dcs)

Fridays; Depart Lae 1.30 p.m., Pinschhafen 2.20 p.m., arrive Rabaul 4.30 p.m.

Saturdays: Depart Rabaul 5.45 a.m., direct to Lae, arr. 8.25 a.m.

Sundays: Depart Lae 12 noon, Finschhafen 1 p.m., Rabaul 3.10 p.m.

Tuesdays: Depart Rabaul 5.45 a.m., Pinschhafen 8.10 a.m., arrive Lae 8.45 a.m.

Alt. Thurs. (Dec. 19, Jan. 2, 16, 30, etc.).

Dep. Lae 8 a.m., Finschhafen, Rabaul, Buka, Rabaul, arr. 2.55 p.m.

Alt. Thurs. (Dec. 12. 26, Jan. 9, 23, etc.). Dep. Lae 8 a.m., Finschhafen, Rabaul, arr. 11.5 a.m.

Alt. Fri. (Dec. 13, 27, Jan. 10, 24, etc.).

Dep. Rabaul 8 a.m., Madang, Goroka, Lae, arr. 1.20 p.m.

Alt. Fri. (Dec. 20, Jan. 3, 17, 31, etc.).

Dep. Rabaul 8 a.m., Madang, Goroka, Lae, arr. 1.20 p.m.

Services By Mandated Airlines

Scheduled flights with DCS Aircraft Mon.; Depart Lae at 7.30 a.m. for Goroka, Madang, Wewak, Madang, Rabaul— remaining overnight. Depart Lae 7.30 a.m. for Goroka, Wau, Port Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Tues.: Depart Rabaul at 6.30 a.m. for Madang, Wewak, Madang, Goroka, Lae.

Wed.: Depart Lae 7 a.m. for Madang, Wewak, Momote, Kavieng, Rabaul.

Depart Lae 7.30 a.m. for Goroka, Wau, Port Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Optional call at Goroka on this flight.

Thurs.: Depart Rabaul 7 a.m. for Kavieng, Momote, Wewak. Madang. Goroka, Lae.

Fri.: Depart Lae at 7 a.m. for Madang, Wewak, Momote, Kavieng. Rabaul remaining overnight. Depart Lae 7.30 a.m. for Goroka, Wau. Port Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Sat.: Depart Rabaul at 7 a.m. for Kavieng, Momote, Wewak. Madang, Goroka, Lae. 4. Aust.-Dutch N. Guinea By KLM Royal Dutch Airlines (Super Constellation Service) A weekly service between Sydney and Amsterdam with a call at Biak (DNGI and Manila (Philippines).

DCS aircraft link Biak with Hollandia, Sorong, Merauke, Tenah Merah, Manokwari. Niemfoer, Ransiki, Genjem, and Kokonao. 5. N. Guinea-Solomons By Qantas with DCS Aircraft. (Three flights every four weeks) Mon. (Dec. 16, 30, Jan. 6, 13, 27, etc.) Lae dep. 6 a.m.; Finschhafen, Rabaul, Buka. Vella Lavella. Yandina, Honiara (BSD, arriving 5.25 p.m.

Tues. (Dec. 17, 31, Jan. 7. 14, 28, I Honiara dep. 7 a.m.: Yandlna, V Lavella, Buka, Rabaul, Lae, arrh 3.35 p.m. 6. Paris-Saigon-Noumea- Auckland By Transports Aeriens Intercontlnenti DC6B aircraft depart Paris every Mon for Athens, Karachi, Saigon, Dar Brisbane, Noumea, Auckland. Le* Auckland every Friday on return. 7. Sydney-Lord Howe Is.

By Ansett Airways Pty., Ltd., With Sandringham Flying-boats. rteturn flight each Tuesday and Thursi 8. Sydney-Norfolk Is.

Alt. Fri. Dep. Sydney midnight, NI 6.45 a.m. Saturday; dep. NI p.m. same day for Sydney, arr. p.m. Alt. weeks makes NI-Auckls NI flight. (See table 12 below). 9. Sydney-Noumea By Qantas, with Skymasters (Weekly) Thurs.: Sydney dep. 11.45 p.m.. arri: Tontouta, 7 a.m. Fridays.

Fri.: Tontouta dep. 8.30 a.m.. arri Sydney, 2 p.m. 10. New Caledonia-New Hebrides TAI with DCS Aircraft.

Wednesdays: Depart Tontouta 8 a arrive oanto 11.10 a.m., arrive 12 DECEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

\XV at jSPcveTv sW % : • ' m* o f Fiji, not 'l e*^L»». c e social ra/I^ s Pecin,K. 1 Ce Qtr e tr c,^y ! r °Pics. t^'s^pilm d .. ./or £ a *e« ser Wce 6 <P'%n V^- .„ c .uisine tbe •fer Va/ /, Car, °^/} /o|j s re Ocy) atiff Per :° W or >,^/o e f^i n 45 p.m., depart Vila 2.15 p.m., arrive untouta 4.30 p.m. rdays: Depart Tontouta 8 a.m., arrive la 10.20 a.m., arrive Santo 12.5 p.m., ■part Santo 1.30 p.m., arrive Tontouta 40 p.m. 11. New Caledonia-Fiji- Wallis Is.

TAI with DCS Aircraft rvice from Noumea to Nadi (Fiji) Wallis Is. first Sunday in each ;h. Next flights: Dec. 1, Jan. 5.

Wallis Dec. 3, Jan. 7. 12. Norfolk Is.-Auckland TEAL, by Qantas (charter) Sat.: Return flight Norfolk (dep. 8 m.) Auckland (arr. 11.45 a.m., dep. 15 p.m.) Norfolk (arr. 4.15 p.m.). lee Table 8 above). 13. Auckland-Sydney Tasman Empire Airways, with DCS aircraft. y; Departs Auckland 9.30 a.m., arr. ydney 1.00 p.m. , Wed.: Dep. Auckland 6.15 p.m., arr. ydney, 9.45 p.m.

V. Dep. Sydney 3.00 p.m.. arr. Auckmd 10.00 p.m. , Thur.: Dep. Sydney 11.30 p.m.; arr. uckland Wed., Fri. 6.30 a.m. te: Additional flights will operate ig November. 14. Christchurch-Sydney Tasman Empire Airways, with DCS aircraft. .. Thurs., Fri.: Dep. Christchurch 5.00 ,m., arr. Sydney 8.40 p.m.

Tues.. Thurs.: Dep. Sydney 8.00 a.m., arr.

Christchurch 3.10 p.m.

Sat.: Dep. Sydney 3.00 p.m., arr. Christchurch 10.10 p.m.

ISA. Christchurch-Melbourne Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 aircraft.

Sun.: Dep. Christchurch 11.30 a.m., arr.

Melbourne 4.00 p.m.

Fri.; Dep. Melbourne 7.30 a.m., arr.

Christchurch 3.00 p.m. 158. Auckland-Melbourne Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 Aircraft.

Thurs.: Dep. Auckland 11.30 a.m , arr, Melbourne 4.15 p.m.

Mon.: Dep. Melbourne 7.30 a.m , arr.

Auckland 3.45 p.m. 16. New Zealand-Fiji Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 aircraft.

Tues., Fri.: Dep. Auckland 4 p.m., arr.

Nadi 9.20 p.m.

Wed., Sat.: Dep. Nadi 10.30 a.m., arr Auckland 3.30 p.m.

Pan-American Airways, with Skymasfcrs Sun., Tues., Thurs.: Dep. Auckland 3.30 p.m., arr. Nadi 10.35 p.m.

Sun., Tues., Thurs.: Dep. Nadi, 12.30 a.m., arr. Auckland 7.50 a.m. 17. Fiji-Tahiti Tasman Empire Airways, with Solent aircraft.

Service normally fortnightly, with extra flights as required.

Departs Suva Fri. 9 a.m., crosses dateline. arrives Satapuala (W. Samoa) Thurs 1.55 p.m., departs Frl, 2 a.m. arrives Aitutakl (Cook Is.) 7.30 a.m., departs 9.30 a.m., arrives Papeete (Tahiti) 2 pirn. Departs Papeete Sun. 7.30 a.m., arrives Aitutaki 11 a.m., departs 12.30 p.m., arrives Satapuala 5 p.m., departs Mon. 8 a.m., crosses dateline, arrives Suva Tues., 10.55 a.m.

Leaves Suva Nov. 15, 22, 29, Dec. 6, 19, Jan. 2, 16, 30 etc. Leaves Papeete Nov. 17. 24, Dec. 2,8, 22, Jan. 5, 26, etc. 18. Fiji-Samoa Tasman Empire Airways, with Solent Aircraft.

Dep. Suva 6 a.m., arr. Satapuala 11.5 a.m.

Dep. Satapuala 1.30 p.m., arr. Suva 4.35 p.m.

Next flights from Suva Nov. 13. Dec. 12, 16, Jan. 27, crossing International Date Line and leaving Satapuala Nov. 12, Dec. 11, 15, Jan. 26, etc. 19. Fiji-American Samoa Pan American Airways With DC4 Aircraft Alt. Fri. (Dec. 13, 27, etc.) dep. Nadi 7 a.m., arr. Tafuna 12.30 p.m. (Thurs.).

Alt. Thurs. (Dec. 12, 26, etc.) dep. Tafuna 2.30 p.m.. arr. Nadi 8.5 p.m. (Friday). (Note: This service crosses International Date Line—the two-way flight is actually made on the one day.) 20. Fiji Internal Airways Fiji Airways, Ltd., Drover Aircraft.

Suva-Nadi-Suva: Two flights daily except Wed., Sun., one flight.

Suva-Nadi: Tues., Wed., Fri. (additional to the above return flights).

Nadl-Suva: Wed., Thurs., Sat. (Continued on page 155) 13 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Uributed in AUSTRALIA, \JEW ZEALAND and the lowing PACIFIC ISLANDS: lustralian Territories: Papua Norfolk Is. Cocos Is. ast Trust Territories: New Guinea. Nauru, iritish Crown Colonies; Fiji Gilbert & Ellice.

Itlsh Protectorate: Solomon Is. itlsh Protected State; Tonga.

Z. Territories: Cook Is. Niue.

Z. Trust Territory: W. Samoa, nch Territories: New Caledonia.

French Oceania, rlo - French Condominium; New Hebrides. (. Territories: E. Samoa. Hawaii.

Trust Territory: Micronesia Caroline, Marshall & Mariana), tch Territory: W. New Guinea.

Publisher: R. W. ROBSON.

Editors:

Dy Tudor Stuart Inder

Manager: BELWYN HUGHES. iLEPHONES: General Business, itorlal. Advertising, Subscriptions; MA 0197-8, MA 7101, MA 4369, MA 1395.

G.P.O. BOX 3408, SYDNEY, glstered Address for Telegrams dlograms, and Cables; "Pacpub.

Sydney.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Aust. and N.Z. and Australian, N.Z., and \t. Pacific Is £1 4 w Caledonia, Tahiti . £1 ? iewhere $3.50 U.S. or £1 10 0 0 e BRANCH OFFICE, PAPUA-

New Guinea

clflc Publications (New Guinea) i„ Theaife Building, Fourth St., J 3, New Guinea. Tel.; Lae 2577.

Miss Pat Robertson, Manager.

BRANCH OFFICE IN FIJI: |1 Times Building, Gordon St., Suva. Tel.; 4043.

REPRESENTATIVE IN N.Z.: D. Whltcombe, P.O. Box 5179, Auckland. Tel.; 42.384.

REPRESENTATIVE IN UK.; T. Wallis, 13 Rood Lane, London, 1.C.3. Tel.: Mincing Lane 8633.

ELBOURNE OFFICE: Newspaper luse, 247 Collins St., Melbourne, Victoria. —Tel.: Cent. 2053.

JENTS: All main trading firms ,d stores in the Pacific Islands.

Fiji Times Agency In

AUSTRALIA te; Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., ichnlpress House, 29 Alberta St., dney (Telephone MA 9197-8). is e Australian Agent for THE FIJI TIMES, of Suva. Fiji.

Pacific Islands Monthly No. 5. Vol. XXXVIII DECEMBER, 1957 content s: Editorial: What happens Next In Indonesia? ;: Why We Don’t Want Indonesians In N. Guinea :: Headache May Develop in Philippines 17 Mr. Bhatia Retires 17 Projected Pacific Air Routes 18 Dutch New Guinea Question Starts Indonesian Flare-up 19 Shipping Trouble In Sydney Upsets SW Pacific Xmas ~ 20 Do You Remember? 20 Taxation Scare In Fiji .... 21 Copra 1958—Fiji Undecided Still 22 Ansett and New Guinea Air Service 22 W. Samoan Election Surprises 23 New Guinea’s Worst Shipping Disaster for 22 years .... 24 New Guinea Planters Discuss Markets In Canberra 25 Territories Talk-Talk .. .. 27 Santo Fishery Gets Under Way 32 November Budget Blues —Fiji Must Produce More ...... 33 Samoa Benefits By Cocoa Price Rise 35 SPC Streamlines Its Programme—Decides For Next Conference In Rabaul . 37 Ihis Month’s News Of Pacific Shipping *1 Five Years Research Have Not Found Cause Of “Kuru” 49 Slow Progress In Bringing Literacy To P-NG Natives 53 Pearl-Kings Of the Northern Cooks •• 57 New Guinea Cattle Farmer and Battle of the Bulls .. 59 Fruit From Faraway Places— Aucklanders Buy 10/- Hawaiian Pines .. •• v- Harold Gatty’s Early Days In USA More Power For Cook Is.

Council • • • ■ bD Manihiki Fishery La g 0 0 n May Again Be Closed • • • • bb Cook’s Fishing Industry . • • • 67 Curbs Wanted onP-NGBOP Hunters 69 Fiji Clamours For Roads, Bridges, Water 71 Okinawans “Getting Restless” 73 MAGAZINE SECTION: Tropical ities, 77; Short Story, 79; Memorable Night Among the Cannibals, 80; A Tongan Ball, 81; New Angles On An Old Hobby, 83; Book Reviews .. 84 Fiji Wharves Under Fire .. 89 Samoans Get Religious Variety 90 36 Years In Territory Where Oldest Inhabitants Are Yeung 97 Now Might Be Time For Review Of P-NG Radio Set-up 99 100,000 NG Bugs and Moths For Canada 102 Deep Harbour Project For W.

Samoa .. 107 How Best To Use Fiji Sugar Stabilisation Fund 109 Your World Of Stamps .. HI Social Advancement NG Fashion 123 The Month’s Sport 125 New Hotels For Suva .. .. 126 NG Court Rejects Waria Claim 129 Thornton Deported From Fiji 133 New Guinea RSL and Soldier- Settlement 1 34 Mystery Fires In Moresby 135 New Guinea Murderer Hanged 1 37 Notes From Parliamentary Debates 1 39 OBITUARY: Mr. Paul Schmidt; Captain A. Liston- Blyth; Mrs. H .K. Driver; Mr. W. C. Nicholson; Sister Marie Suzanne .. .. 142-143 P-KG Trade Statistics .. ..146 Notes On Commerce and Industry 153 Rarotonga Store Burned .... 157 Commodity Prices 169 A Product of Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Technipress House, 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. . J. 10 yards from the intersection of Gonlburn Street »nd (29 Alberta Street is 7 Wentwort h Avenue.)

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Editorial... at Happens Next ndonesia?

EKARNO, peeved by UNO’s rejection of Indonesia’s silly West New Guinea claim, is outlering Nasser. tsser, angered by American rel to finance his Nile dam, d the Canal. Britain and France 2d armed forces to Suez to rethe theft. America drove them again, and left the thief nphant.

Dekarno now (Dec. 9) has ordered 0 Dutchmen out of Indonesia, is seizing their property, worth hundred millions of pounds, mulated in 350 years of inrial development, turally, the Dutch are going to t. What happens now? More • interference? Another Eisen- \v “Doctrine”? ft alone, the Dutch could put the nesians back in their place with iump. But will they be left i? stralia is a more-than-interested ator. And, through New Guinea, las a front-grandstand seat.

Consistently, since the 1946-48 d, when the Anglo-Americans doned their Dutch allies and Hed the J a p-n o min at ed arno, “PIM” has directed aton to the dangers inherent in sprawling, irresponsible and ■rical “Republic”, right on our frontier. May we now say to readers, We told you so? [?] We Don't Want [?]nesians in N. Guinea 5 retention of Western New luinea by the Dutch is of more nportance to Australia than it the Dutch, e Dutch, probably, would gladly nder their portion of the rough nhospitable island to Indonesia, turn for a guarantee that their very considerable investments idonesia are left intact, ibably, the only nations which lly covet New Guinea, for ment and colonisation, are in The occupation of New Guinea, dumping-ground for 20 or 30 ms of surplus population, was of Japan’s master-plan, when sprang at the Westerners’ ts on December 6, 1941. s not colonisation, but security, i makes New Guinea of vital rn to Australia and the South ic countries. While New Guinea Id by Europeans (Australians in the east, Dutch in the west) the great island can be regarded as a sort of barrier against Asia—as it was in 1942-44.

But once let Indonesians in there and the whole situation changes’

Indonesians, as fighters, would be about as dangerous as a row of magpies. But Asian Communists armed and aggressive, could climb southwards over the shoulders of Indonesians in New Guinea, just as they are already travelling southwards across the Indonesian masses in Java.

Headache May Develop In Philippines WITH pro-Indonesians turning propagandist handsprings and attracting sensational newspaper headlines, the Western world has been taking little notice of recent events in the Philippines.

The presence of Asian Communists in the Philippines (20,000,000) could oe even more dangerous to the South Pacific than domination of Indonesia (83,000,000) by the Reds.

Philippines is a most important bastion in the frontal defence line (extending from New Guinea to Formosa, Korea and Japan) which United States maintains against Red Asia.

There was turmoil in the Philippines after 1945, until the strong and capable Magsaysay took charg .

When he died in a plane accident last year, leadership descended upon the politically feeble and inconspicuous Carlos Garcia. Immediately, all sorts of pro-Asian, anti- Western movements of varying degrees of nastiness developed; and these showed up clearly in last month’s general elections. Garcia got a majority from the 7,000,000 voters; but the strength of his opposition suggests a coming period of turmoil.

Normally, Philippines Republic would be left —like Indonesia, Ceylon, Burma, etc. —to stew in its own politico-economic confusions.

But its situation is not normal— it means too much to North American and South Pacific security. If the political situation worsens, and the wild men get loose, some firm interference by the Americans is likely.

Political developments in “Independent” Philippines (except the Magsaysay period) are very similar to these of “independent” Indonesia.

In other words, these Indo-Malay peoples seem incapable of governing themselves —at this stage of their evolutionary growth, anyway.

Another Eye for the IGY Netherlands New Guinea’s contribution to the IGY is a 25-ft diameter radio telescope which should now be in operation. It will be employed in a radio communications research project.

There is no glass in the make-up of the “lenses” of this type of telescope which consists simply of curved metal radio aerials.

India’S Commissioner

IN FIJI Mutual Regrets as Mr. Bhatia Departs A LL communities in Fiji learned with regret, in November, that Mr. D. D. Bhatia, Commissioner for the Government of India in Fiji, would relinquish his post in December, and return to India, on leave and transfer. He joins the Strathnaver in Sydney on December 24.

Mr. Bhatia has spent nearly three years in Fiji—he took over his post there in February, 1955 —and has worked in close and cordial cooperation with the Government of Fiji.

Although a n ever-increasing proportion o f the Indian community (175,000) in Fiji is Fiji-born, there still are many close connections, social and commercial, between Fiji and India; and in both trade and travel the Commissioner has a lot to do.

For some years, there was a “procession” of Indian Commissioners in Fiji—they had come and gone almost before Fiji had made their acquaintance. Mr. Bhatia not only has remained longer than any of them and become well known, but he also has taken a keen interest in local affairs, and has been personally popular, and noted for his goodfellowship and hospitality. “I shall always cherish happy memories of this pleasant country and its charming people”, he said, before departure. “I am happy to think that I have received from all races in the Colony, from officials and non-officials, not only understanding and goodwill, but positive cooperation and friendship”.

There will be little racial trouble in Fiji while Delhi sends along officials of Mr. Bhatia’s stature. 17 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

A Daughter, Prudence, 1

The Frederic Anderson!

A seven-pound daughter was bo to Mrs. Frederic Anderson, at tt Royal Newcastle Hospital, on W vember 17. Mr. Anderson is a form ADO from Tapini, in the GoilsJ area of Papua. The child was thr first.

They have named her Prudeno Pacific Air Services

French, British Plan

Extended Routes

• In Sydney, in early December, “PIM” could get no confirmation from either French or British airline companies that extension to Pacific services announced authoritatively in New Zealand and Fiji newspapers, were imminent.

A FIJI announcement of November i\ 11 that Transport Aeriens Intercontinentaux would commence a regular four-times-a-month service from Noumea to Bora Bora (Tahiti) was not confirmed by the Sydney office of the company early in December.

A spokesman for the company in Sydney said that there was “nothing definite”.

The Fiji announcement was made by Mr. M. H. Helsen, who is manager in Suva for Burns Philp (SS) Ltd., Fiji agents for TAI. Mr.

Helsen is also French consul in Fiji.

Mr. Helsen said that the service would use DC4 aircraft initially and DC6 aircraft later. Calls would be made at Nadi, and possibly Wallis Island—which already has a TAI service from Noumea. As Papeete has no airport at present a shuttle service would be run from Bora Bora to Papeete by Catalina flying-boat.

With TAI already operating to New Zealand from Noumea (as part of its service from Paris) a service from Noumea to French Polynesia would be a challenge to the operations of TEAL on its present Coral Route.

TEAL’s flying-boats have no more than two years’ effective life left and no plans for replacements have been announced.

New Zealand, which has been in the throes of pending elections for all this year, has now got itself a Labour Government for the first time since 1949.

The NZ Labour Party, which had strong ideas on nationalisation of airlines when last in power, may have something to say about the Coral Route; it may even have some plans, which the National Government had not.

BOAC and a Pacific Service BRITISH Overseas Airways Corporation whose trans-Atlantic service now extends across the United States to Los Angeles was, according to New Zealand sources, planning to continue the service across the Pacific to Sydney.

The date for the commencement of this round-the-world link depended on the delivery of long-range Britannias, but “next year” was mentioned. • This was denied by BOAC’s Sydney office. It was stated that negotiations are still proceeding between BOAC and the American authorities over landing rights— presumably at Honolulu; that the delivery of Britannias, long-range or otherwise, had nothing to do with any extension of the service at the moment. It was expected that the first extension of BOACs route from US West Coast would be over the Pole back to Europe and not across the Pacific.

Mr. H. J. Bingham, the Corporation’s manager on the American West Coast, was in New Zealand and Australia in November-December discussing future plans with TEAL and Qantas.

In January, Qantas will commence its round-the-world flights. Passengers will then be able to fly with the company from Australia across the Pacific to America, across the US and the Atlantic to London, and return via the Middle East and Singapore to Sydney.

All these new air routes —which all indirectly give greater service to the people of the Pacific —are an indication of the expanding tourist potential of Pacific Islands-Australasia, as well as an indication of an awareness of the risks involved in concentrating on the more established Asian routes.

TAI Take over RAI In November, arrangements for TAI to take over the French Polynesia operations of Regie Aerienne Interinsular, which operates Catalinas in the Tahiti area were completed.

TAI will begin operating the service in January. RAI was operated by the French Government.

Rabaul Fatalities

Jet-Propelled Deat[?] In Old Torpedo TWO natives and a European, i salvage workers, in Rabaul, Nf Guinea, died in November fro injuries received from blast fro an old Japanese war-time torpedi They were Gerald Austen Farre 50, married, of Rabaul; Anano,, Papuah v ‘ native of Abau; and Ss also a Papuan, of Abau. Five oth people were injured.

The torpedo was one of sevei in the salvage depot of Brown a;j Gouldie, in Malaguna Road, Rabat Farrell was using an electric dr on the torpedo and penetrated tl compressed air tank which, in se vice, operates the motor of tt torpedo. The pressure was such tt; its escape acted like a bomb. died almost immediately from he: injuries; the two others later : hospital.

Spectacular Moresby Fl[?]

In November, the Senior Wien's Quarters Australian Petroleum Co., at Tuaguba, in Lawes Road area of Port Moresby, w destroyed by fire. This photograph (suppl by Mr. H. S. Wynne) shows the blaze at heigh[?]. 18 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Indonesia Makes Fighting Noises [?]er West New Guinea

[?]Ut Communism, Not War, Is Real

Nger In Indonesian-Dutlh Dispute

When the perennial problem of who should control tetherlands-New Guinea burst into the news again during tovember, the vital point as usual got buried beneath the chaff.

RTAINLY, the chaff was piled thicker than at any time during the eight-years history of the mesian-Netherlands dispute, tekarno’s ministers, during the th, argued black was white in a im pitched high enough for the d to hear, and talked of “force”; e his organised youth gangs vied dirty words over Dutch and ralian property in Djakarta, le Soviet mouthed bigger and ir catchcries. The Dutch con- =d to be stuffily firm. Ausa suspended its good neighbour y just long enough to use words “inflammatory”, “falsification”, “resented”, over a hairbrained nesian news report that Ausan troops had been sent to mke. le chaff production was helped g with morbid enthusiasm by ! sections of the Australian s, which slanted their headlines iggest that a full-scale war was t to break out. War talk sells rs. ie point that no one on centre ; brought out was that control Indonesia of Netherlands New tea would mean that all of New lea might one day go Red. was this fear, not openly expressed, which finally decided ;he Australian Government to ly side with the Dutch, with a non declaration of co-operation irotecting and developing New lea as a whole, announced from The Hague and Canberra, r Australia, the best protection ist the Red menace obviously to preserve the status quo in world’s second biggest island, early December, when everyhad shouted themselves out, ralia was able to take stock.

Indonesia had not gained what 'anted —UN assistance for its dreams of becoming what it ses the Dutch of—a “colonial” ;r. The status quo had been reid in New Guinea.

But the status quo had been when it came to Indonesianralian political relations. These d never be the same again. The -always a good deal wider than the leaders of either country have admitted—now was wider than ever. • Some Asian countries were wondering what Australia was up to with its support of the colonial Dutch —and “colonial" is a dirty word in Asia. • The Dutch —t heir relations with Indonesia no lower because it was impossible for them to get any lower were suffering economic sanctions in Indonesia as a sourgrapes reaction against the anti- Indonesian UN decision.

BUT on December 5, there came a new development. The Indonesians, having whipped themselves up to fever pitch with their frenzy of swashbuckling during the previous weeks, now found they had to have an outlet. So they begr n to hound the Dutch out of Indonesia, closing their consulates, pirat ing their business enterprises.

Thus began moves which are going to be of vital interest to Australia.

But meanwhile some of the pundits had already been suggesting that Australia may have become more involved than it need have. Commentator Denis Warner was offering to lay bets that the Netherlands would, in any case, be forced out of New Guinea through internal or Asian pressures within 10 years.

Whether 10 years, or 50 years, does not matter.

While the real problem of West New Guinea remains the problem of resisting the growth of Communism, Australia has done right in announcing its opposition now.

It does not want Indonesia in New Guinea because it does not want an expanding Communism there; and the sooner Indonesia, and Australia’s Asian friends get that message, the better.

Indonesia is in no position to withstand the Reds. The country is in politico-economic confusion, deplorable and increasing. Indonesian cost-of-living has shot up 36 per cent, in the last six months, and almost 100 per cent, since 1953.

The furious campaign against the Dutch has been promoted by the Soekarno factions to divert public attention from the country’s collapsing economy.

THERE clearly now is danger of conflict between Dutch and Indonesians, even armed conflict. But—despite newspaper sensationalism —there is only a remote possibility, and probably no possibility at all, of Australia being involved to the point of armed intervention.

Indonesians are by no means unanimously behind Soekarno. There are perhaps half a million people of mixed Dutch-Indonesian race who are mostly Dutch sympathisers.

Dissatisfied leaders are threatening rebellion. “Soekarno must go is a catchcry that was savagely underlined in early December, when the President narrowly missed assassination in a bomb-throwing incident that took seven lives.

What happens in Indonesia in the next three months may be the key to the future of Dutch New Guinea, not anything that has happened in the last month.

Events Of The Month

Nov. 3: Youth gangs in Djakarta paint slogans on Dutch, Australian buildings in demonstrations.

Nov. 5: As demonstrations continue, Indonesian Communist Party advocates war with Holland to restore West New Guinea; suggests pressures on Dutch businesses in Indonesia.

Nov. 6: Australia and Netherlands announce 5-point co-operation plan for New Guinea, resolving that native peoples eventually be asked to decide their own future.

Nov. 11: With "West Irian Week" bringing more demonstrations in Indonesia, Foreign Minister Dr.

Subandrio says Indonesia may forcibly find ways "to face the threat of Australia's support for the Dutch".

Nov. 18: Soekarno says Indonesia will use force to drive out Dutch if UN fails to settle dispute.

Dr. Subandrio, in New York, is concerned at "possible military implications" of Dutch-Australian announcement. Minister for Information in Indonesia claims position "explosive and could lead to war".

Nov. 19: UN begins discussions on New Guinea question, at request of Indonesia. Mr. Casey describes Indonesian allegation that Australian troops sent to Merauke as "fantastic", says deplores inflammatory statements from Indonesian Ministers as "deliberate campaign of falsification".

Nov. 20: In UN, Soviet makes bitter attack on Australia over New Guinea.

Indonesia calls for recruits for special division of 15,000 men for duty in Indonesian islands.

Nov. 29: UN decides to take no action on New Guinea dispute.

Dec. 1: Assassination attempt against Soekarno fails, seven others killed.

Dec. 2: Indonesians begin campaign of reprisals against Dutch nationals and business firms in Indonesia.

Dec. 5; Indonesians order Dutch nationals to leave the country. 19 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

Shipping Hold-up

Sydney Wharf Trouble Puts

Blight On Islands

Christmas may be late this year—in Papua-New Guinea, Solomons, New Hebrides and other islands serviced by shipping from Australia. Six vessels which were scheduled to make voyages to S-W Pacific ports in the first half of December were still immobilised in Sydney early in the month. The dipute ended on De cember 6 but delay was expected in getting some ships away. Ships in Fiji were also affected.

THE watersiders’ dispute began in early November as a sporadic affair but by the end of the month had paralysed the port. The dispute was over the alleged assault of a waterside worker called Krespi.

He was sacked from a ship by a stevedore foreman called Twomey.

Krespi alleged that two other foremen had then followed him up a lane and bashed him. The waterside workers declared the three foremen “black” and refused to work with them.

As w T harfies were rostered to work on ships with the three foremen, they refused to do so and were suspended. This had a snowball effect that in three weeks tied up the entire waterside force.

Spokesmen for Islands shipping lines operating out of Sydney felt that many people in the SW Pacific territories were going to miss out on their late Christmas orders and run short of ordinary basic supplies.

The position early December was as follows: MALEKULA: After some delay through disputes, cleared Sydney for P-NG ports on November 9.

SHANSI: After about one week's delay d"- 1 to current disputes cleared Sydney for P-NG on November 16.

SOOCHOW: Was due to sail November 22.

Still in Sydney December 2. Should be ready to sail within 48 hours of end of dispute.

Will lift only Sydney cargo already on wharf and will take on rest in Brisbane. This vessel will call Port Moresby and Samara! only.

SINKIANG; Sailing put back from December 6 to 10, but actual sailing on that date depends on settlement of dispute. This vessel goes to Honiara, Yandina (BSIP) before calling at Rabaul. If she leaves on 10th it is possible that she will reach Rabaul just before Christmas.

MONTORO: Due to sail November 29, still in Sydney December 2. Will take six days after end of dispute before sailing direct Port Moresby, Samarai, Rabaul, Madang, Lae.

MALAITA; Due sail November 27. Still in Sydney December 2. Will take 10 days after end of dispute. Will sail direct Lae via Brisbane.

BULOLO: Will probably get away from Sydney shortly after Malaita, sailing via Brisbane, Samarai, Lae and round the group.

TULAGI; Due into Sydney about December 6.

Sailing date indefinite. It will take 12 days to turn the vessel around when dispute ends and when a berth is found for her. Then via Norfolk Island, New Hebrides, BSIP, etc.

This is the second time this year that the South-West Pacific territories have been disrupted by industrial trouble that originated in Australia. The first time was when Qantas airline pilots went on strike.

A hold-up of shipping is of considerably more significance as virtually all basic foodstuffs required by the European and Asian communities and the native labour force are imported from Australia.

Coming at this time of the year, when Christmas stocks are going north, any hold-up has an extra nuisance value.

Dispute over Slings AS well as the Krespi dispute, there was a subsidiary hold-up over the number of bags to be worked per sling and the number of men to be used per hold. This dispute affected Burns Philp ships —which carry copra—but not tho of the New Guinea Australia Ur.

After the Krespi dispute w settled, the dispute over bags p sling and men per hold contimn further delaying Montoi Malaita, Bulolo and Tulagi.

Dr. Gunther would be appalled too!

The month’s oddest angle on \ Papua-New Guinea’s new head tax, which takes effect in\ January, came from Senatorl Justin O’Byrne, speaking in the Australian Senate. Said the Senator: “I join issue with Dr.

Gunther, a man whom I admire and respect very much indeed, who has been one of the pioneers for Papua and New Guinea. He tried to justify the imposition of the poll tax of £2 a head by saying it was an excellent way for census officers to make close contact with the natives when going through the villages.

“He said that at present these officers just counted heads, but if they had the task of collecting £2 a head, the natives would argue and object, and in that way the patrol officers who were making the census ivould make closer contact with them.' “I think that was an appalling thing for Dr. Gunther to say.”

Do You Remember?

From RIM of 20 Years ago THE year 1937 was a fairly busy one in the Pacific, but by year’s end things seemed to be running down, and December trailed off quietly as far as news was concerned.

Yet there were pressures building up, and PIM in an editorial that month was warning that the Japs “will turn to the Pacific after China, and there must be a cruel and bitter Pacific war, in due season.”

But Pearl Harbour was still four years away.

Here are some items from our issue of December, 1937: The big news for New Guinea was the report of the Commonwealth committee of experts set up to inquire into the site of New Guinea administrative headquarters. The gist of the 30 foolscap pages was that Rabaul should be abandoned "early", for there was serious danger of future eruptions. Australian newspapers, which splashed the story, began picking new sites—both Madang and Salamaua were suggested, and somebody even mentioned Wau.

In Port Moresby, people were being issued with "water ration cards", entitling them to four gallons a person a day (Sunday rafor the houseboy was half a gallon).' sjs ' ' ' A conference of weather experts from over the Pacific was being held in Auck: to co-ordinate requirements on weather infoi tion for Pacific airline services, when ' started. Only one service was already operation, PAA across the North Pacific Hongkong. There was still uncertainty al the starting date for the long-awaited Sd Pacific PAA service between Hawaii and A i land.

The Fiji Legislative Council voted to s|. £50,000 for a motor vessel to replace Government yacht "Pioneer". But this would be different. It would have two i and a stern designed for minesweeping. * =!: * William Morris Hughes, Australia's war Prime Minister, was appointed Minister External Affairs, in control of Austrsterritories—and there was enthusiasm for i appointment in the islands. * * * There were also cheers because the Toi budget had at last shown a surplus, and Til was in the healthiest financial state for s years. The depression had finally passed fa 20 DECEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

Undistributed Profits in Spotlight

Taxations Scare In Fiji

A proposal by the Government of Fiji to introduce to the slovember Legislative Council a number of amendments to the ncome Tax Ordinance brought such a storm of protest from le Colony’s commercial interests that the Government hurriedly iltered its plan, and postponed the Bill. [E object of the Bill, according to the Govetrnment, was “to close some of the loopholes in existing Ordinance, and improve lods of administration in several ects”. it if the Bill had been passed, roposed, new and drastic powers Id have been given to the taxictor (Commissioner of Inland ;nue).

HEADY, the taxpayers had been fearful of change. There have been repeated rumours that the srnment wished to introduce ; parts of the Australian incomesystem, which are regarded as oppressive.

Australia, a company’s profits taxed, before a dividend is de- ;d. After the profits are divided distributed, the dividend is ;ed as part of the shareholder’s Tie, and taxed again, the Company wants to retain irt of its taxed profits, for use apital, and thus does not dis- :te all its profits to shareholders taxing aumomy aroitranly s a large proportion of the ts thus withheld from distrim, under what is called “the unibuted profits tax”. )st private companies in Ausa are embarrassed and crippled lis system. They cannot provide ;al from their own resources for nsion, although they may be ing good profits. In other words, cannot “plough back”.

Fiji, hitherto, a company pays bstantial tax on the whole of rofits —and those profits are not 1 again in the hands of shareers. Consequently, there has no need there for an undisited profits tax.

E Fiji business community was ?iven no warning. The prodsions of the new Bill were pubd only a few hours before the ing of the Legislative Council, h was to be asked to pass it. aen it was learned that (a) unibuted profits were to be taxed, ertain circumstances, and (b) tin of the new powers would be ispective to July, 1956, there was itifiably—a good deal of panic. iere were hurried meetings o£ less people—mostly through nbers of Commerce—in Suva, oka and other centres; and strong representations were made to the Governor. It was pointed out that this Bill could have far-reaching effects, and those concerned had had no chance of studying it.

The Governor (Sir Ronald Garvey) was reminded that in the Legislative Council, in 1954, he had said: “I shall do all in my power to ensure that the policy of Government—and this involves its taxation policy—will be designed to encourage investment, whether it take the form of investment of new capital or the ploughing back of profits already earned”.

It was pointed out that the taxation amendments might operate, in direct contradiction of the above.

After some conferences—presumably rather hurried —high officialdom announced that the Bill would go before the Legislative Council only for a first reading. Its second reading would be postponed until the next session—March or April.

In the meantime, it would be examined and reported upon by a Select Committee.

SINCE then, it has become known that the situation was complicated by factors not generally appreciated.

One was the departure of the top taxation man, Mr. W. J Drysdale, an exceedingly able man who, as Commissioner for Inland Revenue, has been trying to tighten up the taxation system and remove some glaring anomalies. Mr. Drysdale (in Fiji, since 1948) has been seeking certain reforms for a long time; but the present Governor, anxious to encourage new investment in Fiji, and unwilling to create any uneasiness, has moved slowly and cautiously.

Then there came to Mr. Drysdale a chance to move to Hongkong on promotion; and he accepted it. He was due to leave Fiji on December 14. Evidently, it was decided to rush through his taxation reforms while he still was available to give advice.

That explains the remarkable haste in the introduction of the Bill.

It is stated —not officially, yet— that the proposed undistributed profits tax wouid not, like the hated Australian system, apply generally.

The Commissioner would nave discretion to apply it only to any company of not more than five persons; if less than 60 per cent, of profits were distributed he could, if he deemed the non-distribution unreasonable, order that it be treated as if it had been distributed; and such distribution (while not itself taxable) would have the * effect of lifting the shareholder’s taxable income into a higher bracket.

It is claimed, on behalf of the Commissioner, that the privileges of Company registration have been flagrantly abused in Fiji—families, or very small groups, have registered as companies, in order to escape certain taxation for which, as individuals, they would have been liable. That was why the proposed undistributed profits provision was being limited to five persons or less.

The plan to make it retrospective to July, 1956, was similarly designed to catch certain tax-dodgers, while not interfering with the fair and proper operation of the Company system, and the safety of investments.

Trophies for Lae Sportsmen These troubles were presented to members of the Comworks Football team at a cocktail party in lae marked the end of the 1957 football seson. for the first time since 1948, Comworks lost the premiership this year-Qantas Uantas United team being the victors. Qantas also entertained its followers and friends at a big presentation party in the RSL Club.

All Terriorians are true descendants of the mad dogs and Englishmen who went out in the mid-day sun, and in spite of the tropical heat and, in Lae, an average of about 160 inches of rain per annum-football, cricket badminton, hockey.basketball. tennis, golf and bowls all have their staunch adherents. Supporters work hard for their favourite sports. Recently Lae Bowling Club raffled a Volkswagen car and added nicely to funds. 21 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

Copra in 1958

Fiji Still Is

UNDECIDED UP until November 30 —within a month of the expiry of the MOF copra contract, and the reversion of the South Pacific copra industry to free marketing—the copra interests of Fiji had not been able to agree upon any plan for controlled marketing after December 31.

It was apparent that there was a sharp division of opinion within Fiji.

An influential section of coconut planters—especially the owners of estates in the Vanua Levu-Taveuni area—had formed the Fiji Copra Planters’ Association (in which Mr.

L. R. Martin is active), and sought some control over marketing, based on Governmental authority.

But there was no unanimity in the Colony. Another section of planters was prepared to leave copra-marketing free and uncontrolled after December.

Papua, New Guinea, Solomons, Gilbert and Ellice, Samoa—all have made arrangements, as Territories, to market their copra output through one or more controlled channels. The Unilever combine has met each of these organisations by guaranteeing to take a certain proportion of their copra at a price based on the free Philippines copra market, and periodically adjusted.

THE reason why Fiji has done nothing is, of course, the presence in Suva of the Carpenter copra-mill. The mill is capable of treating the whole of Fiji’s copra production. It has indicated that it can pay the growers a price which may average up to £2 or £3 per ton more than can be obtained from overseas sales.

The arguments proceeding in Fiji disclose different facets of the marketing problem.

If all copra goes to the mill, the average return to the growers will probably be better than if all copra goes overseas. But that means that the Fiji copra industry becomes dependent upon the goodwill of the mill-owners.

If all copra is sold to the mill, none will go overseas, and the Unilever contact could be lost. Then, if the mill-owner should prove “difficult”, the Fiji producer would have to accept the mill-owner’s terms, or go naked onto an unfriendly overseas market.

On the other hand, commonsense and national economics suggest that it is foolish to ship raw copra in bulk overseas, when the net return to the Colony would be greater if it formed the basis of a secondary industry (milling) within the Colony.

Mr. Martin’s Association wishes to secure enough power by Government action to play off mill-owners and Unilever against each other, for the benefit of the industry. A section of producers, however, express strong opposition to the suggestion that they should submit their copra and their freedom to the Association.

No section seems prepared to trust any other section —and time is running cut. Government has been appealed to—to Government’s obvious embarrassment.

It would be interesting to see what harm could be done if the market is left free and uncontrolled, as it was before the MOF contract.

Then it would be each producer for himself—a sale to the mill if the mill’s price could consistently beat the overseas offers; a sale to overseas if the mill’s price did not please.

Meanwhile, the Fiji Copra Board is preparing to go out of existence on December 31. All funds in the hands of the Board then will be disposed of in a manner calculated to best benefit the industry. New machinery will be used to collect the tax on copra (between 17/- and 19/- per ton) imposed to obtain funds wherewith to fight the rhinoceros beetle pest. 1,000 MILS TO £ Tonga’s New Money WHILE other British countries talk of some day adopting decimal coinage, the Kingdom of Tonga is getting on with the job of implementing the proposals.

With the aid of the Royal Mint, Mr. D. M. Blakely, FRSA, is now designing and preparing the plaster casts of the new coins.

The system adopted is based on the pound unit. New coins will be in the following values: 1 mil (one thousandth of a I) ; 5 mil; 10 mil; 25 mil, 50 mil; and 100 mil. These are roughly equal to Id; 2ld; 6d; 1 -; and 2/-. The 1 mil and 5 mil coins will be of nickel-brass and perforated.

The remaining coins will be of cupro-n ick e 1. The 10 mil piece will have a scalloped edge, and all except the perforated coins will bear the profile of Queen Salote on the obverse side, and on one or other side will also carry a border of ifi (horse chestnut) leaves and three stars representing the three sub-groups of the Tonga Islands Introduction of the new coinage will not in any way affect overseas exchange rates.

Ansetts' NG Service

Still Pressing

For Decision

A visit by a senior Departm® of Civil Aviation officer 1 Papua-New Guinea early I 1958 should finally decide | fate of the Ansett-ANA ap| cation for a licence to fly betwe Australia and New Guinea.

THE officer, probably the Assistai ant Director-General, Air Tra port Policy, Dr. H. W. Poult will report following his visit* whether Ansett should be allowec compete with Qantas, which has monopoly of the service.

The Ansett application has b before the Commonwealth months. An earlier application ' rejected in May on the grounds t present services were adequate, i that DCA in any case intended review the whole New Guii policy and would complete that fore making any new arrangeme; Dr. Poulton’s visit will be b of this review.

Ansett managing-director; Mr.: Ansett, has had his hands full la. with integration problems invol in his takeover of the ANA orgs sation, and has not been push his New Guinea application.

Nevertheless, he has been a more active than a lot of pe« expected, and he has been c» plaining behind the scenes that Government has been using de’ ing tactics on his New Gui application.

DCA was to have made its sui several months ago, not next ye Mr. Ansett says he is in a p tion to give a New Guinea ser right away.

HE offers a daily service, wl would be arranged by linl Lae and Port Moresby r Cairns. Existing Ansett trunk vices already connect Cairns t the southern cities, including 1 bourne.

The Ansett view is that arrangement would be rn economic than the Qantas ser" which has to duplicate exise trunk services between Sydney Cairns.

Says Mr. Ansett, “Our case f<* licence is unanswerable”.

Whether or not it is, the Pap New Guinea Administration is kt ing fairly neutral. It is aware tic is public demand in New Gui for more opposition to Qantas, , it is not sure of the economics.

Qantas does a lot of work irr New Guinea for which it gets thanks and even less cash, and] Administration benefits. 22 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

peans Vote [?]ket" [?]w Blood In Samoan Assembly LANDSLIDE decision of the Western Samoan electorate on vTovember 15 swept three of the sitting European members from > and gave four of the five seats regressive Citizens’ League canes. The one sitting Independent ber who survived the debacle Mr. G. H. Betham. ictions fought on a party ticket lew to Western Samoa, and the iss of the PCL candidates can tributed to vigorous and organcampaigning as well as to a ? of the electorate for new blood ie legislature. e PCL victory must have been •prise to some Territorians, inng the PIM correspondent who . PIM, p. 18), stated that only of the new candidates (Mr, i was assured of strong supe following is the result of the count of the voting: ECTED: Eugene F. Paul (PCL), •otes; F. C Nelson (PCL), 614 : G. F. D. Betham (Ind. sitnember) 592 votes, Peter PIow- (PCL, sitting member), 563 ; Hans J. Keil (PCL), 562.

FEATED: H. W. Moors (Ind. g member), 561 votes; Kurt r (PCL), 518 votes; A. M. u (Ind. sitting member), 278 ; P, L M. Morgan (Ind. sitting ber), 235 votes; July Ah Mu ), 171 votes; Z. F. Betham ), 170 votes. ? voting between Plowman, md Moors is so close that there 10 doubt be a recount and this alter PCL numbers but not ifluence. a total of 1,432 European >rs, 1,100 (or 78%) voted, only 10 Samoan electoral disdid elections by secret ballot place on November 15. In 31 districts, the Samoan matai 5 agreed in Samoan traditional m on a common choice withhe secret ballot, the sitting Samoan members e Assembly, six were re-elected ►ut ballot, the remaining six defeated, or did not seek reon—a mon g s t them J. B. :i, member of the Executive cil and member for Health, j new Legislative Assembly iummoned for its first meeting ovember 27. view of the precarious financial on of the Government, the new ibly is facing important sms and will probably have to 3 on further stringent measures isterity and severe restriction overnment expenditure.

Mothers Of Apia Erect

Memorial To Sons

This monument for the Sons of Samoa who served with the British and American forces during the Second World War was unveiled on November 21 on Apia Beach opposite Apis post office. The monument, which cost £B5O all of which was collected by the Mohers' Club of Apia, was handed over to the care of Samoan Government represented by the High Commissioner, Mr. G. R. Powles, and the Hon Fautua Tamasese and Malietoa.

The members of the Returned Servicemen s Association and of the Mothers' Club took part in the impressive ceremony and Mr. Eugene F.

Paul spoke on behalf of the Mothers' Club The Reverend Whonsbon-Aston, of the Anglican Chaplaincy, conducted a brief service at the monument.

Heaven Help

THEM!

They’ve Won an Island r T'HE correspondent in August PIM (p. 82) who just couldn't wait to see who was going to win the limerick competition and Ava Ava Island (alias Yawalo) off the Lautoka coast, Fiji, can relax.

The island and its fixings—kindly arranged by the Fiji Visitors' Bureau — have gone to a Mr. and Mrs. Kent Shelby of Long Beach, California— and they can scarcely wait, either. As soon as they get their affairs tied-off, they'll be there, they say, by air, with their daughter Teddy, 15 months.

To win Ava Ava—it was renamed (shades of old Cakobau) after the film star—they had to supply the last line of a limerick. Theirs was one of 50,000 entries. Here it is: "On an island with nothing else but A coconut tree and a hut.

Two men and a dame Played a triangle game,

Til Alas The Swains Met With

REBUT."

Shelby, who is 23, is a promotion writer for Douglas Aircraft and he wants to write a book. His wife, 21, likes to walk barefoot in the sand.

They say they will live on the island, in a Fijian "bure", until Teddy is school-age.

FOOTNOTE: If these kids want to take their trip and dabble their feet in the tropical seas around Fiji for a couple of weeks, that's OK. But if they seriously intend throwing up security for it, it is about time someone told them the facts of life in a native hut on a tropical island. Let's hope that the promoters of this fabulous piece of nonsense know what they are doing.

Drought, Bushfires Make It

Uncomfortable In New Caledonia

New Caledonia was still in the grip of a severe drought in late November, with bushfires adding to the problems.

SOME widely scattered rain had done little to ease the situation, and parts of the Dumbea River, which supplies Noumea with water, were dry for the first time in the memory of the old hands.

Because of stock losses, butchers were asking their customers to cut down in their meat orders, and the Assembly Territorial was discussing a proposition that would recompense graziers to the extent of 8,000 francs (£ASO) a head for losses caused by the drought. An inventory is now being taken.

The bushfires were ravaging the whole of the island and some burned for weeks. A company of troops was used to control a big one which swept the Isle of Pines, 20 miles oft the southern tip of New Caledonia.

A native who was convicted of having deliberately lit a fire which burnt acres of land snd endangered houses near Noumea, was sentenced to eight days’ gaol and ordered to pay a £5O fine. Asked why he had lit the fire, he explained he had never lit a bushfire before, and he found pleasure in it.

One fire on the outskirts of Noumea endangered a block of houses. Firemen and troops brought it under control, but not before they were subjected to an unexpected fusilade of exploding ammunition that apparently had been left over from the war. 23 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER 1957

Six Perish

New Guinea’S Worst Shipping

Disaster In 22 Years

Six people lost their lives on November 15 when the coastal ship Bellbird caught fire off the New Guinea coast. It was the Territory’s worst shipping disaster since the Administration vessel Hermes was lost in November, 1935.

FIVE of the people who perished were drowned when trying to reach shore in rough seas. The sixth, a native crew member, was burnt to death on the ship. - The ship was on a routine voyage down the South Coast of New Britain. It was about 10 hours out of Rabaul when fire suddenly broke out at the stern of the vessel.

The lifeboat was burnt almost immediately.

The Master, Captain C. Bolton, manoeuvred the vessel for about an hour to get it into the wind and to bring it close enough to shore for those on board to make an attempt to get ashore.

He also tried to send a distress message but the radio signals were not received in Rabaul. At this time he was standing on top of the burning superstructure and finally had to leap off into the sea and swim to the bows of the ship.

An inquiry into the disaster began in Rabaul on November 28, before Coroner G, Hall, SM, the Receiver of Wrecks E. Brennan, and Rabaul Harbour Master G. W. P.

O’Donoghue.

Witnesses said that as soon as the fire was discovered the entire native crew, with the exception of one man, had jumped overboard and swum for the shore.

The exception was a native called Towanna, who had stayed with the others and at one stage was instrumental in saving the life of Mr.

Maurice Farrant, the ship’s engineer.

The passengers had gone to the bows of the ship when flames cut them off from the burning stern.

Because they could not get at the life-jackets, the Captain had thrown Into the sea everything he could get his hands on that would float.

The survivors had got ashore on these. Mr. Cyril Parer, who could not swim, got ashore on two oars.

Herbert and Gladys Walsh had attempted to reach shore together, but had become separated and Mrs.

Walsh drowned.

When the fire alarm had first been given, everyone believed that it was a small one that could be dealt with quickly. But the stern was found to be a mass of flames which quickly spread to the superstructure.

After the survivors had got ashore, Captain Bolton and Mr. Tony Whitton, a plantation officer, walked 25 miles to Sum SUm plantation for help. The news was DIED: Mrs. Gladys Walsh, wife of Administration Medical Assistant Herbert Walsh. Drowned getting ashore.

James Thayne, engineer, drowned while getting ashore.

Eric Aquiningo, sawmill employee, drowned.

One native, crew member, name unknown, burnt to death on ship.

Two native passengers, drowned when swept away at sea.

SURVIVED: Captain C. Bolton, master of the "Bellbird".

Mr. Maurice Farrant, "Bellbird's" engineer.

Thirteen native crew members.

Mr. Cyril Parer, planter of Karlai.

Mr. Herbert Walsh, medical assistant of Pomio.

Mr. Tony Whitton, plantation officer.

Three native passengers. flashed to Rabaul and the vessels Mangana and Arawe picked up survivors.

FOOTNOTE: The Hermes, referred to above, left Madang for Rabaul on November 10, 1935, and was not seen again. (Fragmentary wreckage was found later). On board were 17 natives; J. A. Andrews, engineer; N. E. Weldon, a surveyor, and F. Barclay, an AWA official.

Lautoka Mill Out For Third Time WORKERS at the Colonial Suga Refining Company’s mills I Lautoka, Fiji, went on strifl on December 2 for the third tiir this year. They were followed late in the day by workers at the E and Rakiraki mills.

They returned to work after ir tervention by Government.

The walk-out followed a repoi on an investigation made by Mr. i Aitken, the new CSR manager i Lautoka; into allegations again, two sirdars (overseers) as a resu of the October-November strike Mr. Aitken reported that thei was some substance in allegatioi against one sirdar, who wou 1! probably be transferred. He cou'. find nothing in the allegatioi against the other.

The Fiji Sugar Industry Err ployees’ Union thereupon struck.

Their strike began at Lautoka c December 2. General resentmei by the more moderate sections ws shown —.especially when the “leaders” pulled out the men at E and Penang.

Police were sent from Suva. Rid ing and brutal attacks on tl sirdars and their friends occurre Mr. Maurice Scott, on Dec. 4, : the Legislative Council, demand® immediate strong action by Goverr ment to halt these senseless, irr« sponsible strikes, which were d(. signed to disrupt the Colony’s maji industry.

Another Inquiry-Strikers Resume Work SUVA, Dec. 9.. 4LTHOUGH this latest sug;; strike is generally recognised : nothing more or less than struggle for power between politic: agitators union “leaders” arr would-be “leaders” who shout have been dealt with very firm! the Governor at the week-end di cided to make terms.

He has appointed a Commission: (the Chief Justice, Sir Ragm Hyne) to inquire into the merr of the charges against the Sirda:j and into the soundness or othea wise of the inquiry into the san matter which was made by the CS Co., under an arrangement wi; the mill-workers.

The new inquiry commences <■ the 16th, the two Sirdars are be suspended in the meantime; bOD sides are to accept the Commi sioner’s findings.

Having thus gained a victory namely, the setting aside of the i suit of the CSR Co.’s inquiry, whii they previously had undertaken accept—all the mill-workers n turned to wo-k thus morning.

New gravestone for this lonely grave stands in the office of Mr. R. Tebb of Lae, NG, awaiting transfer to the now deserted town of Salamaua.

Mr. Kevin Parer, a respected member of the well-known New Guinea family, was running his own air service in the Territory in the late 30's, early '4o's. When the Japs first raided Salamaua in January, 1942, one of his planes was on the airstrip. He ran out to attempt to get it into the air and was mowed down by machine-gun fire. 24 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Highlanders Meet ritories Minister

[?]Fer Markets Sought

For Ng Products

SURPRISE delegation arrived in Canberra from the Eastern Highlands of New Guinea at end of November, and entered i cordial—and, it is believed, tful—discussions with Territories dster Hasluck, mainly on the ject of marketing, roducers in the Australian ritories have been unhappy for e time. r ith a confident eye upon the ving Australian markets, they e been growing rubber, cocoa, ee, peanuts and passionfruit n a considerable and growing e. But these products have i meeting some strong comtion in the Australian markets, ipetitors have been throwing ■ything they could lay hands a against the New Guinea iucts. id—and this is what so gravely it the P-NG planters—the tralian Government seemed fferent about it all. inberra’s apparent indifference colour to the belief —widely in P-NG—that Territories ister Hasluck would not be y to see European settlement production discouraged, so that e might be greater opportunities New Guinea natives, lat capable young Australian Mr. John Howse, who holds seldom-publicised post of .er-Secretary for the Territories, impanied Australian Treasurer, Arthur Fadden, to New Guinea sfovember, Mr. Howse was dis- >ed by the sentiments he heard essed there by the planters. > a result, the marketing of all products of Papua and New lea, including rubber and ia, now is under Departmental SW.

>Assionfruit Industry

? the invitation of the Territories Department, a delegation from the Highlands Farmers’

Settlers’ Association, consisting lessrs. R. F. Bunting, MLC, lan ns, MLC, James Leahy and D.

Elphinstone, met Minister luck and some of his senior lals in Canberra on November 9; and many matters connected . marketing were discussed, le delegation will report back ;he Association in Goroka on it December 9. essrs. Cottee placed a large ern factory in Goroka for the tment and canning of passion- ; pulp; and induced the natives row the fruit on a large scale.

An outcry from passionfruit growers in Australia, to the effect that their market was being ruined by “the cheap product of black labour in New Guinea” threatened a severe dislocation of this promising Goroka industry some months ago.

The Department now has been informed that Messrs. Cottee will guarantee growers generally in Goroka 3d per lb, and will be responsible for collecting the produce, processing it, and transporting it to market.

It is contended that this would be a sufficient reply to the Australian growers’ cry of unfair competition; while the price offered (3d per lb) would assist in the establishment of a suitable industry among Highlands natives.

Products Of East Africa

r:ERE was discussion about the conditions under which East African tropical products compete in the Australian markets with New Guinea products.

It was pointed out that the freights between Sydney and Madang are as high as freights between Sydney and East Africa; and that New Guinea labour costs are as high as African labour cpsts.

It was contended that, provided no Australian mainland products are affected, New Guinea products should be protected in Australia against African competition.

Mr. Hasluck was informed that the Highlands Farmers’ and Settlers’

Association probably will admit native planters to the help and privileges of membership. This would mean that the Department, in assisting the Planters’ Association to market its products in Australia, also would be helping the natives to produce for export— which is part of the Department’s stated policy.

It was pointed out that, in addition to native cocoa-growers in the Coastal areas, there now are hundreds of native coffee planters in the Highlands.

The delegation appreciated the courtesy and interest displayed by the Minister; and now is hopeful that the Department will henceforth accept some responsibility regarding the marketing of P-NG products.

Important Moresby Wedding End of the "Pandemonium"?

New Hebrides May Go to France A NEWS message from London, that “Britain is considering handing over the New Hebrides to France”, was published in a small section of the Australian newspapers on December 3; but has not been officially confirmed or denied.

It is known that the future administration of the British Territories embraced in the High Commission of the Western Pacific (British Solomons, Gilbert and Ellice Islands, and the British side of the New Hebrides Condominium; has been under consideration in the past five years.

The Western Pacific High Commission has long been an embarrassment to Britain the Solomons and the G & E Colony because they have only a poor “coconut economy”; and the New Hebrides because of the unwieldly, partnership with France.

It is believed that Australia could be induced to take over the Solomons administration, and add it to that of New Guinea. Britain has offered it on condition that Australia also took over Britain’s responsibilities in New Hebrides. But Australia flatly refused that proposition.

In PIM, of January, February and March, 1954, we reported that plans had been under discussion between high British and French officials, affecting the future of New Hebrides.

This was “officially denied”.

The radiant bride, here cutting her wedding cake in Port Moresby, was formerly Miss Marilyn Nicholas, daughter of prominent Port Moresby residents Mr. and Mrs. W, Nicholas.

She married Mr. Robert Mclnnes, of Lae, at St. John's, Port Moresby, the same church in which her parents were married and in which she was christened. The couple will live in Lae, where Mr. Mclnnes is with the Bank of NSW.

Over 70 people attended the reception given by the bride's parents at the Hotel Boroko Photo: Papuan Prints. 25 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— DECEMBER, 1957

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Territories Talk-Talk

By Tolala MEETINGS for the Festive on to one and all, and may we y the qualities of Peace — tally, spiritually and materially our personal and in our national tacts one with the other, essing Peace, then all that is must follow: Courage, Toler and the Better Things of Life ist proportion.

Oyful Christmas And A

PEACEFUL 1958. ocratic rgies n Downs’ allegations of threatvictimisation to anyone having audacity to question official »n brought a speedy challenge i NG Administrator Cleland in jest Ash Street manner. It was endeavour (it would appear) to nent the complaining lan as if vere a Party Member showing llious tendencies in the NSW slative Halls at Canberra, it the Member from the Highs was not talking through his and I will be very surprised if Cleland challenge is not taken le man in the box seat gets annoyed if the crack of his > is not answered by those pullthe load, and this attitude is cially apparent in NG, and has . for years; more particularly ’NG at one particular period. y mind goes back to 1925 when, Editor of the Rabaul Times, I carpeted before Administrator iom following the publication a certain editorial criticising linistration ineptitude, ch an act was tantamount to majeste in those days! The e was reminiscent of an Orderly n with a choleric CO and a de- :ing Digger. I listened to a ire on the palpable dangers and arrassments arising from innous press comments when seen ugh the eyes of the League of ons—which left me cold —while references to the recognised iom of the press were ruthlessly hed aside by the Brigadier, it the owner of the paper, ogling along with the aid of rnment printing, was justly ehensive, with the result that >rials did not appear for some as. That was not victimisation, rather intimidation; pressure or d-over tactics.

Thorns In Official Sides The elected Legco Member, who has had previous experience as an Administration official, as lan Downs has had, naturally possesses an advantage over other Members with his two-way knowledge and a familiarity of the workings of he official mind, and is an ostensible pain-in-the-neck to the ever-dominant Official Party.

The old TNG Legco at one time had three ex-officials on the floor of the Chamber and they proved invaluable in their contributions to debates and in uncovering attempted pressure tactics, originated in Canberra and launched by the official members.

The late Bill Grose was one; a former Government Secretary and later Police Superintendent in Rabaul. A polished and fluent speaker; his facts well marshalled, with a fund of knowledge and every “i” dotted and “t” crossed. He was a planter Member from New Ireland.

Jack Mullaly was another exgovernment man; ex-auditor and Native Affairs Inspector who became a planter and, without doubt, the most fiery Member of the Chamber, and one who had all the figures at his finger-tips and an inside knowledge of the modus operandi of the government Field staff.

He was a man who pulled no punches and his fighting qualities and expert knowledge received the greatest respect from the Government benches.

The third Member, who had lived in both camps, was Harold Taylour, j, mining engineer from the Morobe gold-fields area and one who had previously been an Inspector of the TNG police and Mining Warden. 27 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Towards A Two Track Mind Much of the inter-sectional trouble in P-NG arises from a studied disregard of how the other fellow lives. The official, the missionary, the planter and the man of commerce each lives in his own airtight compartment and is ignorant and/or intolerant of the other.

I expect the curriculum of the cadet field officer is already pretty well filled; but serving a six months’ period on a plantation as a common or garden overseer, without any government glamour, would be of inestimable value to him and allow him to appreciate to the full some of the problems of everyday life and the atmosphere which prevails outside the charmed circle of officialdom.

Some of TNG’s old officers were men who had lived the Two-Way Island life and were armed with knowledge gained in both unofficial and official jobs. I call to mind offhand; Chinnery, who was native labour officer for a Papuan mining company at one time; Bob Melrose, a Wireless Officer; “Cassa” Townsend, who was with a Rabaul commercial firm; Ernie Britten, with the Exproboard and prospecting; Jerry McDonald, another ex-Board man; and many another, all of whom in their dealings with the masses showed the advantages of their knowledge of Two-Way Thinking.

An attribute not acquired by being shut away in an isolated ivory tower of officialdom.

And John Gunther, the AA, should know that only too well, for he had a couple of years down in the Solomons with a big plantation concern. if just a little attention could be spared from the over-all drive for native welfare and development to bring together the non-native people in a spirit of harmony, then lift would be so much more pleasam and more gracious instead of thiii incessant demonstration of peth jealousies and intolerance.

It was bad enough in pre-wai days but now another sections conflict has arisen between thi Befores and the Behinds.

A “Before” is too often used as jj term of opprobrium by the “Behinds’i with their grey flannel minds; whilt the old-timers are too patronisim and intolerant of the late-comersl Wanted: A Tabloid History Invariably when I read a featurf story dealing with NG in an Aus; Iralian newspaper I realise thi necessity for the existence (and itl use) of a concise tabloid histor: book on both Papua and Nev Guinea; one that would contain coli bare facts, not carrying a torch lo: any particular political party, de: partment of science or strata o: society, and preferably one with i gazeteer with standardised spelling of native place names.

Only recently I read quite a gooi factual story on the Rabaul erupt tion back in 1937—0n1y twenty year ago and an event which had a ful cover in most Australian news; papers—nevertheless there was i glaring error in giving the credit for the Rabaul evacuation on thj day following the eruption to Judg; Wanliss when, as everyone shouk know, it was Judge Phillips who dk such an excellent job.

Judge Wanliss was down in Ausc tralia &t that time taking his lon|j leave before retirement. Another statement, which Time has prover to be incorrect, was to the effee that the Japs and Allied bomber; had “turned Rabaul into a wreck beyond hope of repair.”

Well, not that you would notice anyway! What with talk of no mor; building sites being available in thr township and suggestions tha, future building programmes should be located at Kokopo!

Another story in a Sydney Sundar paper dealt with “A New Era for th; Copra Kings?” After a recital o: Lord Leverhulme’s activities wit): the wily coconut, the writer refen to “Count” Wahlenburg who “se up headquarters as ‘Emperor o Equatoria’ on Maron Island. . .

Although the writer puts the titl in quotation marks there is the inr ference that HRW posed as such which was never the case, although (if my memory serves me right! his wife was a Grafin (Countess) iii her own right.

“Wahlenburg” is probably culler from “Wahlenberg”, the name od the palatial home on Maron. Inr cidentally, in this same story thr Anchorites became the Anchovities^ I may seem to be a stuffy purisk but the time has arrived when P-NO On the arm of her husband, Mr. G. Blake, the former Miss E. Brittain leaves the IMS Church, Port Moresby, on November 8. Mr.

Blake is with the Commonwealth Bank and the couple will live in Port Moresby.

Photo: Papuan Prints. 28 DECEMBEF 195 7 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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AND ALL PAIN . . . TAKE N.8D.40 o longer back o’ beyond or an id fantasy. It is world news and we became realistic about our >ry. ( s in P-NG sure sign of the Territory’s ring importance—politically, if ling else —is the great number op-ranking visitors making the id tour; saying the right things, lot necessarily meeting the right ile at all times if it is a reic approach they seek. How- , protocol must be regarded. .st month the Aussie-Dutch rens were given a shot in the when the Dutch Minister for •seas Affairs went touring about our Minister Hasluck and the j Governor hob-nobbed with inistrator Cleland. illand has visited New Guinea, se for itself before. In 1936 a .al New Guinea Committee of h scientists and government .als made a wide tour of Pacific 5 studying the various admintive set-ups and they spent a iderable time in TNG noting a of the things which applied in own western portion of the d. Little did those Dutch als think that in a couple of des the world’s spot-light would >cussed on their particular neck le woods.

TS AND PIECE 3: Engaged: ara Ann, only daughter of Mr.

Mrs. Lee Smith, of Rose Bay, Jyril John Bull, of Lae. . . . de: Pamela May, youngest hter of Mr. and Mrs. Orm iy, of NG, to William Finch, previously with Qantas in NG. r will live at Turramurra. . . .

Post: Rear Admiral A. W. R. icoll to become Deputy-Secre- (Military) to th° Defence Denent from next February. and Mrs. Geoff Moxam, seen here after wedding at St. John's Church, Port by, on November 16, will make their at Boroko. Mrs. Moxam was formerly Elma Vrepont. Mr. Moxam is with DCA.

Photo: Papuan Prints. 29 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Japs Are Still

Bogey-Men, But—

Santo Fishery is Doing Well \ SYDNEY business man, just back from a routine trip to the New Hebrides, hooted with derision when shown a clipping from a Melbourne newspaper which had 300 Japanese women going to Santo next year to work in a local fish cannery.

This is the piece, from the columnist in the Melbourne Age: Travellers back from the New Hebrides tell disquieting stories about the return of the Japanese.

The island of Espiritu Santo, some 1,000 miles north-east of Australia, is being transformed into a Japanese fishing base.

A large canning factory, where 300 Japanese women are expected to be working next year, a modern wharf, and other buildings are rising there.

This news should interest Australians generally, and particularly Australian fish canners, because Japanese competition was blamed for the recent closing of a big Tasmanian cannery.

This peacetime Japanese invasion of the New Hebrides is ironic.

Espiritu Santo was America's chief base for the Pacific war drive which recaptured the Solomon Islands.

It is an Anglo-French condominium, but because of its nearness to Australia, white inhabitants sought Canberra's support in opposing the return of the Japanese.

If Canberra has protested, its protest has apparently gone unheeded.

The cannery is the fishing enterprise established at Paleikula by D. J. Gubbay and Co. with American and Japanese backing and Japanese fishing know-how.

First fish was delivered to the company’s freezer at the end of October and about eight to a dozen Japanese fishing boats are working there under contract —after the style of the Van Camp set-up that has been flourishing in Pago Pago, American Samoa for several years.

So far as is known there is no immediate prospect of canning fish at the Santo plant. Canning needs labour—and labour is something the Hebrides has not got. Probably a few hundred Japanese women would solve that difficulty or a few hundred Javanese or Chinese or Tonkinese.

NH has a Tonkinese population of over 2,000 already—about twice that of the French and British combined. These have been very suspect within the Condominium, just as the same racial group is non persona grata with the white residents of New Caledonia.

Santo fish will be frozen there and will be shipped in that form to the United States. There is no suggestion that it should be sold in Australia although as Australia sells a lot of food and manufactured goods in the Hebrides and buys nothing, it could help to balance trade.

It is understood that if fishcanning develops from the present enterprise, it will be in the hands ol a French firm, Compagnie Parisienne Sunbel.

The Gutfbay enterprise has the blessing of the British and French Governments in the Hebrides. NK is at present a one-industry economy—copra, and poor copra at that.

Even if the fishing company hai to import all its labour—on short-* term contracts under quite rigid safeguards—and a lot of its profit go to overseas shareholders, presum-, ably the Government expects to get a rake-off somehow, as Government always do.

Local Hebrideans and Tonkinel are supposed to be trained to worl In the freezer.

No native Hebridean, no Tonkinese or British planter (some of whon did object to the use of Japanese fishermen) has ever had ttu slightest desire to exploit the fisl resources of the area. Wanderin| Japanese tuna ships will get tin fish anyway; so if the profits there' from are diverted for the enricM ment of the Condominium, it might be a very good thing. t More than 1,000 natives out the South Pacific have nov passed St. John first-aid examine tions, following a training schemi inaugurated in 1953. 32 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Fiji Must Produce More

Real Wealth

Repeated warnings, during the year, that Fiji’s overseas rade balance was unfavourable—that is, that the Colony’s bill or goods and services purchased abroad was consistently in excess of earned income from all sources—was followed in November by a grim and forthright Budget. )DRESSING the November session of the Legislative Council, both the Governor (Sir aid Garvey) and the Treasurer . H. W. Davidson) informed the )le that estimated expenditure .11 Governmental services in the -8 period was £6,340,809, while nated revenues were £6,359,058 — ;h meant a surplus of only 149. As any student of Budgets vs, this easily could become a :it, on the year, running deeply six figures. )wever, there is nothing like ster in sight, at the moment, is a rich Colony, with ample rves, and excellent prospects.

Fiji would be very foolish into ignore certain facts. It must te more wealth, by either prong more, or reducing costs.

The economy of this four-community country is based on large importations of both foodstuffs and manufactured goods. These imports are paid for by the sale overseas of sugar, copra, gold, bananas, some small commodities like metals, and tourism.

Fiji, like most Western countries, is in the grip of the inflationary spiral. The costs of goods and services tend to rise more quickly than does income.

There is no immediate connection between the Colony’s overseas trading balance, and the Governmental Budget. But, undoubtedly, the Budget figures are affected by overseas trade. Good trading profits are almost always reflected in buoyant payments from private enterprise to Government.

The inflationary spiral thus affects the Governmental Budget directly, in its expenditure, and indirectly, because it cuts down overseas trading profits and makes less money available to the Government’s taxcollecting agencies. (JHo beat inflation, and keep its Gov- JB. ernment finances healthy, Fiji must earn more, especially in overseas trading. But in what section of its overseas trade can it look for immediate profitable increases?

Not in sugar, nor in gold, nor in copra.

It may gain financial advantage by producing more of its own food requirements, and buying from overseas less foodstuffs, like rice and beer.

But its chief purpose should be to sell more of its products overseas. The field is limited. But the Governor has indicated three industries which, with encouragement, could effect greater sales abroad — metals, and bananas, and tourism.

There still is no indication of a limit on New Zealand’s appetite for bananas. All around the Colony, the F ijians are being actively encouraged to produce more and more of the country’s most excellent bananas for overseas. Fiji should never be allowed to forget the recent spectacle of a ship arriving in New Zealand with a cargo of bananas from 33 IIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

All over the world Smart people — START the day tight with a Kiw From New York to Timbuctoo— From Birmingham to Hawaii— From London to Papua Smart people start the day right with a Kiwi Shine.

Kiwi puts a gleam on your shoes that lasts all day.

They’re well worn, but they’ve worn well, thanks to KIWI / F . ” " ' " r , • ■' .-”7'- Anytime -for COUIMOf|IKS-*M* <Mieim »' * ! °os mi • « \r v W£S coWMe//m% ■ FOR MB{* -KJ m y/tWk Made Sole Agents: S. E. Tafham & Co. Pty. ltd., by 178 Collins Street, Melbourne, Australia.

Ecuador —brought in because Fiji could not supply enough of the fruit.

The world is increasingly hungry for a wide range of metals —and Fiji has more kinds of precious metals than Fiji herself is aware of. Gold already has enriched Fiji, and men of good judgment hold that there still are valuable gold lodes merely awaiting discovery in those northern Viti Levu hills.

Considerable manganese already has been taken out of Viti Levu— and there is much more awaiting exploitation.

The Government has indicated, hopefully, that prospectors now are following up interesting indications of bauxite in Viti Levu, of copper in Vanua Levu, and of radioactive material somewhere else. Copper is under a bit of cloud at present; but generally the importance of these metals cannot be overestimated.

But Fiji’s best bet, in the way of increased industry, surely lies in tourism. In beauty, in novelty and in pleasing living, Fiji has as much to offer the tourist and traveller as any country in the South Pacific. The £ and the $ left in Fiji by the visitor is just as valuable as the £ and $ paid in London or San Francisco for a product of Fiji. If provided with suitable transport and hotels, the tourists will come to Fiji in an endless stream.

At present, this profitable traffic is limited by the hotel accommodation. Hotel building, in turn, has been limited by the high capital cost.

The latter, unchecked, requires hotel tariffs which the average traveller will not pay.

So the Fiji Government, very wisely, now has announced a series of concessions to hotel builders which, it hopes, will take this bottleneck off the tourist industry. They are— • Crown lands will be made avail-1 able for hotel-building, at rentals, specially reduced for the first five years of occupancy; (Continued foot column 1, page 35) 34 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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w. C. DOUGLASS LIMITED, Boi 513. G.P.0., Sydney, Australia Materials and equipment re- 3d for new hotels either will be itted to the Colony free of duty, there will be a system of /alent grants in cash; Concessions will be made in in- 3 taxation, under which capital nditure may be written off ist income in the first few years le hotel’s operation, strong plea had been made to government that loans be made [able, at very low interest rates, tiotel-building. In view of the ny’s huge demands for capital all kinds of public works, that apparently was not favoured, the foregoing proposals do show 3agerness of the Government to nmething, in a practical way, timulate tourism. ivas unfortunate that the Govsrnment chose this time of :ritical examination of the ly’s finances to announce plans for increased and drastic taxation The taxpayers were in no mood for it.

There has been an increase of about 60 per cent, in telephone tolls and rentals. Until 1956, Suva had the world’s worst manual telephone exchange. This was replaced by an automatic installation, in which calls cost Isd each. A year’s trial has shown that this new exchange, and the telephone system generally, are operating at a loss. So automatic calls have gone up to 2id each, and all non-automatic exchange charges proportionately—a heavy slug for all telephone users.

Taxpayers generally were therefore in a sour mood when the Goveminent proposed to rush through a new Income Tax Bill, which planned some startling new imposts. The resulting clamour induced the Government to suspend the plan for a few months. The matter is dealt with in another article in this issue. t TEAL’s lone Coral Route flyingboat was unable to cope with the traffic offering on the Papeete-Suva sector in October-November, and because of this a number of intending air passengers came south to Auckland per Monterey to obtain an air connection home. This was quicker, if more expensive, than waiting for an air seat.

West Samoa Benefits om Cocoa Price Rise is fortunate that a substantial rise in the price of cocoabeans in the world markets was annced at a time when Samoa’s Da crop had just been harvested . at least part of the crop can r be sold at the higher prices, eginning of November, the cocoa :e in New York rose from 22 cents lb to 33 cents per lb and the d. price at Apia for Ist grade quoted middle of November at veen £Stg.3oo and £Stg.32o per and with £lO less for second ie. be present crop has nearly all e in. Most of it has been iped to English buyers, iven fair weather conditions, a e cocoa crop is expected for benng of next year, ext year’s copra will be sold to lever, the price to be based on market rate for Philippine copra, ie banana industry shows a wele improvement in exports to Zealand during recent months, s confidently expected that it be possible to ship 20,000 cases lamoan bananas every fortnight he end of the year. 3cent shipments have been as fol- : Tofua, August, 15,811 cases; ua, September, 16,317 cases; La, September, 17,149 cases; ua, October, 15,534 cases; Tofua, )ber, 17,372. : the various banana districts, ta (Upolu South Coast) and sa (Upolu) show the greatest sases in exports. 35 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957 Budget Blues (Continued from opposite page)

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Since 1897, H.R.I. has been preparing ambitious men and women for all business positions. Our tuition is simple, practical and modern and whilst being up-to-the-minute with the latest, the H.R.I. training method is certain of success.

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E next South Pacific Conference —the fourth —will be held in the Technical Training School tre, Rabaul, New Guinea, prob- April or May of 1959. le first and third Conferences South Pacific Native peoples ,ng together under the auspices he South Pacific Commission) ; held in Fiji. The second was in Noumea, le Fourth Conference will dishalf-a-dozen assorted subjects, iding tourism and training local srs. But they will be of “broad ic interest” rather than subjects hich delegates are likely to bej involved with technical ;ers. (During the last Confer- , one section found itself listento a group of enthusiasts detg the diet of lactating mothers). eliminaries of the 1959 Confer were discussed at the 17th .on of the South Pacific Comon, which concluded in Noumea arly November. ie SPC’s 1958 budget will be 790, to which the six member irnments, Australia. Holland, France, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States—contribute but some more than others (Australia pays 60 per cent.).

This total amount is a drop in the bucket compared with the large sums that each of these countries lavishes upon its Pacific territories (Australia’s grant to Papua-New Guinea this year is over £ll million).

What the Commission contributes is therefore limited, but it is still necessary (say those people who believe in it): It provides some research, training and technical advice, promotes understanding and goodwill and widens horizons of Islands people.

Immediate Jobs for the SPC Some pretty savage criticism has been levelled at the Commission in recent years and the call to “cut out the deadwood” led to the Review Conference of member Governments in May this year. Some people thought that Conference would be by way of a requiem. It was not. The Conference decided to carry on the SPC on the same principles, on the same budget, but trimming its activities to suit what the individual territories really wanted.

The commission is now implementing those decisions. For itself it has decided: (1) Its planning officers are to maintain contact with the Territories by travel; (2) Territorial officers will be brought together in at least seven technical meetings on specific problems within the coming 2 to 3 years; (3) Publications and circulars are to be reduced in scale closer to the demand for them; (4) The Quarterly Bulletin will 37

C I F I C Islands Monthly December, 1957

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★ Macrobertson'S Confectionery

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★ Windolite Plastic Glass

★ Rox Grease Guns

★ Richmond Beer

Export Agents for Pacific Islands: S. E. TATHAM & CO. PTY. LTD. 178 COLLINS STREET, MELBOURNE Cables: “Set”, Melbourne ★ Buyers and Shippers ★ Pacific Island Traders maintain about half its articles as contributions on technical subjects from the Territories, telling what they are doing.

No. 3 will be welcomed by those who have been at the receiving end of the avalanche of material turned out by the SPC. Excellent material most of it, but its volume has been extraordinary; even bewildering.

On the advice of its Research Council, the SPC will concentrate on the following projects in the immediate future: FISHERIES; This got a boost from the 13weeks training course for 25 Islanders held at Noumea about 12 months ago. Popular fisheries officer Van Pel is expected to return from leave in January and go straight back to visiting territories in turn.

RHINOCEROS BEETLE; Dr. "Chuck" Hoyt, the Commission's entomologist, was collecting predators in Madagascar from March to September, 1957. Large numbers of a carabid beetle were sent to and liberated in Fiji, and in Wallis Island. Another investigator, Dr.

Surany, has found several virus diseases to make life difficult for the beetle.

The entmologists of the territorial services are being brought together as early as possible in the New Year, to put their heads together as to future work. Approved by the Commission are; Employment of an expanded team of investigators, and collectors, for shipment of predators and parasites from Madagascar and West Africa; a contribution to the Scientific Research Institute of Madagascar, to enable it to employ two entomologists in searching for likely enemies of the rhinoceros beetle in the Pacific.

All this could cost around £15,000 in 1958.

The SPC will carry part. Rockefeller Foundation is still meeting Dr. Surany's costs. Fiji expects to be able to contribute £l,OOO.

HEALTH-EDUCATION; An eight-weeks training course for 39 Islanders was held at Noumea in July-August of this year, with much help from WHO. To follow it up, WHO have loaned Dr. Scherzer to go round individual territories as they require.

NUTRITION AND DIET; The Commission will engage a person qualified to advise territories on nutritional problems, but subject to some of them making requests for his services.

FILARIASIS: The Commission's Dr. lyengai has provided mosquito control programmes foe Western Samoa, the Cook Islands, and Niuei First call on his time is that of any territory that wants him.

PLANT INTRODUCTION: Dr. Jacques Barrat is back with the Commission, now as Plan' Introduction Officer. He will spend about 11 months of 1958 in visiting individual terri 38 DECEMBER, 1957—PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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ERATURE PROMOTION: Bruce Roberts, iture Organiser based in Sydney, has rer visited BSIP, Guam, the US Trust Terri- Port Moresby, and Tarawa. A library i bookshop were started in Apia last year. territories that have now asked for and will will get it, are BSIP and New onia.

JCATION: Top educationists of the terriand others will meet probably in 1959 scuss how SPC can help in general field, while, practical value has been found at jrial level by helping education officers one territory to visit and study conditions other. The Commission has assisted such from New Caledonia to Western Samoa, American Samoa to Fiji. •ED SELF-HELP; As used by the Coma's Research Council this term means ised forms of activity such as cofives, women's and youth organisations, any other sort of community work that help. sre is to be a special meeting of part e Research Council in May next to conthis, with Professor H. Belshaw, of Vic- University College, Wellington, and Miss Gwilham of the UK Colonial Office invited end. anwhile, Mr. Joe Joannides, the Comm's Co-operatives officer, has spent most e past year in Gilbert and Ellice, BSIP, -New Guinea, Netherlands New Guinea, and the US Trust Territory, with two s in the Cook Islands. In July or August, there will be a Technical Meeting at Moresby, not of co-operative officers only, mingling of Administrative Officers with landslide last month killed three prisoners working on a road Wewak, NG.

NAUSORI PLANNING Sugar Funds for Re-settlement PROBLEMS arising from the economic re-planning of the Nausori-Rewa Valley area of Fiji, rendered necessary by the decision of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. to close down the Nausori sugar-mill after 1959, now are receiving the attention of representatives of the Government and the CSR Co.

They centre mostly upon the uses to be made of the land thus removed from sugar-growing; and the best ways of transferring the canegrowers—mostly Indians—to other forms of agriculture.

Fiji’s Financial Secretary, Mr.

H. W. Davidson, has expressed general approval of a suggestion that contributions made to the Sugar Stabilisation Fund by the Nausori section of the sugar industry should, in the new circumstances, be detached from the main fund, and made available generally to the cane-growers, to assist them in transferring to other places or other occupations. Considerable financial assistance thus might be made available; and it is considered likely that the other interests concerned with the Sugar Stabilisation Fund will favour the proposal.

Thomas Richard Smith, Secretary-General of the South Pacific Commission (PIM p. 21). The announcement was made on ter 25, during the Commission's 17th on, which was held at its headquarters in lea, New Caledonia.

Smith, a New Zealander, is at present tary to the Government of Western Samoa, ill take up his new post early next year, the retiring Secretary-General, Dr. Ralph in Bedell, returns to the United States to [?]e Government service in Washington. 39 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Further information about Monel propeller shafting will gladly be forwarded by: WRIGHT & COMPANY PTY. LTD., 81 Clarence St., Sydney Sole Australian Distributors of Monel :: :: Phone: BX 1211 (Six Lines) •Monel Is a registered trade-mark covering a rich nickel alloy, mined in Canada and rolled in Great Britain [?]s Month's News of—

[?]Acific Shipping And Cruising Yachts

Uckland Building

ANDS SHIPS: There has been jvelopment of interest to Islands i owners at Auckland, NZ, which 3 supplied much of the Pacific r-Island wooden tonnage but suffered a ship-building decline ecent years. idications are that Islands craft, time in steel and alloys, will i again be going down the ways, rcumstances are changing in ur of construction in New Zeal and one firm, Mason Brothers , now entering the field and i for Islands custom, is satisfied ■ it can quote at competitive as. Steel vessels of over 50 ft, ?ned to individual requirements, be turned out cheaper than fen craft of equal size, le firm plans to standardise on ral designs likely to be of in- ;t in the Islands; delivery is ded by the use of prefabrication welding. hand at present is a 56 ft x 16* 9 ft mid. depth x 8 ft draught trawler with a loaded displacet of about 70 tons, with linium alloy wheel-house and structures and sprayed zinc rustless finish to ironwork. She will be in the water and completed in 44 months.

The sections are now taking shape in the workshop, where there is no loss of time through weather, access to tools, etc.

She is ruggedly designed, with 5/16-in. plating; fuel is carried in double-bottom tanks; and the hull is double-chine, conically developed type. She will be sheathed inside AT LEFT: "Charles H. Gilbert" of the US Fish and Wild Life Service arrived in Papeete from Honolulu via Marquesas on November 13. This vessel is engaged in experimental tuna fishing.

She departed for Honolulu, Nov. 17.

RIGHT: Two vessels of the Scripps' Oceanographic Institute of La Jolla, California, "Horizon" and "Spencer F.

Baird", arrived Papeete November 15.

Port of registry for both vessels is San Diego, California. "Spencer F.

Baird" shown here. While in Tahiti, four extra crew members were taken aboard the "Horizon". Three of them Americans were signed on as "workaways" and the fourth was an Englishman named Colin Gallon (ex "Solquist") as AB.

Photos: J. O'Donnell. 41 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER 1957

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Telephone: 3801—6 lines. P.O. Box 299.

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Men’s sizes 5-11 Youths’ 2-4 6915/. with aluminium alloy separated from the outer steel plating by Jabelite foam insulation and sheetasbestos.

The fish-hold, which has a capacity of 20 tons, will have a pearlite cement floor. She will be powered with a 152-hp, BL3 Gardner diesel with three-to-one reduction to the shaft, Tihs firm is one of the largest engineering organisations in New Zealand. It turned out seven steel trawlers, but not by prefabrication, for UNNRA (they went to China), and local buyers in 1947-48, after which this type of construction in New Zealand met difficulties in steel supplies and economic factors.

DISASTER IN NEW HEBRIDES: Ve Tega, brand new Honolulu-built 50-ft workboat, brought to the New Hebrides as a business speculation in September, was destroyed by explosion and fire on the night of November 7, and with one of the owner-partners killed, and the other seriously burned.

When they were unable to sell the vessel at Luganville, Messrs.

Bob Grant and Neal (some reports called latter Neil Rinker), went on a trading voyage to the Banks Islands, calling en route at Hog Harbour, Espiritu Santo, where Grant had once been employed on the plantation of Mr. Gaziani. During the night, while anchored there, there was a heavy explosion which brought the Rev. H. F. Prenter, local Presbyterian missionary, out to see what had happened.

He found Ve Tega ablaze—the remains sank in 15 ft of water —and Grant on the beach terribly burned.

Neal’s body was found under the wreckage subsequently.

The men were asleep aboard | the time of the explosion, which thought to have been caused t the flame-type refrigerator ignitir highly explosive rock-gas which m£ have been leaking from the cylinde: which supplied the cooking facilitie Grant was taken south to Lugai 42 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHU

ANNOUNCEMENT...

In response to demand from some parts of the Islands we are happy to announce that we can now quote for welded Steel Vessels for Islands use.

Plans have been prepared for a 60 ft.

Steel version of the famous "K" class Copra Vessel with choice of engines.

Production of copper-fastened Wooden Vessels is not affected.

Please remember —for all Island Boats, Wooden or Steel: BJARNE HALVORSEN LTD.

JOHN ST., BERRY'S BAY, NORTH SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cables: BERRYSBOAT e hospital by Mr. Prenter and admitted unconscious. A Govnent officer and divers left imliately for the scene and efforts e being made to trace the missman’s next-of-kin or relatives. e Tega was reported to be inid for £lO,OOO. :arus—ashore and jOAT: The Maru-boats were ywhere in October-November, more than one was flouting the le-mile limit. i to Suva came the Eiko Maru, 0 tons, to load fuel oil and sr for a tuna fleet working in Tonga area. Captain Suzuki then to uplift fish from the : and proceed home, sfore clearing Suva, Captain iki stated that a Japanese busi- : man, long resident in Tonga, regularly visiting the Japanese mg boats off-shore. Interesting, ot illegal. it more curious still was how zo Maru No. 16 came to be so 3 in to Pukapuka to land herfirmly and finally on that them Cook island on October 5. Distress signals brought two r vessels of the same fleet to scene, but their efforts, aided by e of the Pukapuka people, were /ailing up to last news on Ocr 17. 1 the same day another vessel :d at nearby Nassau Island and 3 of the crew landed, no doubt ng that the island was unbited. It was not. Salutations exchanged with the residents, the vessel departed, obably it was the same fleet was busily engaged in the tuna b on the Rarotonga-Auckland 3 early November. The Cann salmon-fisher White Hart, dng at Auckland with eight : Island passage-workers aboard, rted sighting one vessel. hite Hart’s men had also had ‘ handsome and highly accepthauls of tuna themselves to bolster their rations on the slow 25-day passage south.

At about the same time and on the same route, Captain Hugh Williams found his 243-ton Melva in amongst a whole network of longlines, buoys, flags and Japanese tuna-craft one evening a couple of days prior to reaching Auckland, He stopped his motors and coasted through the mess, fortunately not fouling his twin screws. (Over) A FIRST MEETING On October 18, at San Francisco, sister ships "Thorshall" and "Thorsisle" met for the first time on the Pacific coast. "Thorshall" was built in 1948 and "Thorsisle" in 1949 (both in Scotland). They are virtually identical in size (6,200 dwt.) and in design.

They have the longest and most varied beat of any Pacific ships, running regularly from San Francisco to all of Polynesia, Fiji, and SW Pacific ports—even on occasions as far as North Queensland. They are owned by the General Steamship Corporation, Ltd., of San Francisco. 43

C I F I C Islands Monthly December, 1957

CUMMINS DIESEL has ail the power your craft needs!

CUMMINS m ¥ «f» Cummins Engines range from 60 to 600 h.p.

If you want more power, greater dependability, and lower fuel consumption under all conditions of cargo and weather . . . CONVERT TO CUMMINS DIESEL.

Take the salmon seiner shown here, which was built to hold 8 tons of fish, it has been operating continually since 1948 and is powered by a 250 h.p. model LM-600 Cummins Marine Diesel. It is 56ft. long and cruises at 9i knots.

Write to us on your marine power problems; we will be glad to supply full information and performance figures on Cummins Diesels.

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Prompt service. Marine Spares, 57 Railway Parade, Marrickville, N.S.W. ! v s m m S 5 rV & 2^ sjss sss v *-r 5: Sii 7*5S , ■ ZZJ ** —r~ 5 ' ■* SIBB *«8BBBE Illustrated above is the new Chamber of Commerce Building, Papeete, showing typical use of the Sandy all-aluminium Louvre.

Chosen for the new Chamber of Commerce Building, Papeete , Tahiti , The Sandy Louvre ALL ALUMINIUM Incorporates all these important features: • Absolute resistance to winds even of cyclonic force. • Controlled draught-free ventilation. • All-aluminium construction. • Will not rust and become difficult to operate. • Allows maximum light and fresh air to enter each room. • Sturdily built and adds to the appearance of any building.

Inquiries to: A. RIETTE PTY. LTD., 15-17 Young Street, Sydney, Australia, or other Island Merchants. orthbound from Auckland for Dtonga in early November, NZGS a Pomare met up with the same ;, five vessels being sighted in late afternoon. The “Pom Pom” ;ed close enough to one to read name and port of registry: yie Maru, Tokyo. bis was about 130 miles from ier Island lighthouse at the roaches to Auckland. Radio Officer Windsor said that for some days the air was alive with Japanese Katakana code (equivalent to the Morse code but with a much larger alphabet) on 2 mc/s. as the vessels of the fleet exchanged signals.

For reasons unknown, these Japanse fishing vessels seem to prefer code to radio-telephony. The latter is used by most fishing vessels of the world to save having to carry a trained radio operator. Telephony is generally handier for short-range work but would be unreliable for maintaining long-range contact with Japan, so this may be the explanation.

Chief Officer Tony Thomson, on the bridge when one vessel was passed, said that there was no doubt about them being “onto the fish”, which were being landed on deck at the time.

From Tokyo Radio came a report on November 13 that the last of six Japanese whaling fleets had that day sailed for the southern whaling grounds. Prior to the opening cf the baleen (non-toothed) whaling season on January 7, the Japanese fleets would in some cases, as usual, hunt for sperm whales in tropical waters and might be seen in the Western Pacific.

Further west, on Wreck Reef in the Coral Sea, Japanese and Australian salvage workers made progress in saving a fortune in baled he new bulk - fuel at Point Fareute, eete. Standard Oil California in August menced the conction, the estimated of which is 0,000. he site has been pared to Standard specifications by a I contractor and erection of the s (eight) and warese is being done er contract by the [?]inal Steel Co., Ltd., Honolulu, who have specialists (welders structural iron [?]ers) engaged on work under the supervision of Dave H. ders, field superintendent, andard Oil's policy is to utilise local labour much as is practicable on the project and, this in mind, local labour under the rvision of George Kent, Standard Oil ent engineer, will lay the pipe lines. local labour, under the supervision of rt Busey, Standard Oil representative, will [?]te the base on completion of same.

The base will have a storage capacity of 2,640,000 gallons and store such petroleum products as aviation gasoline, automotive gasoline, diesel oil, light fuel oil and kerosene.

Motorists are looking forward to a welcome reduction in the price of gasoline.

The base should be in operation by April 15, 1958. However, if the present rate of progress is maintained this tentative opening date may be considerably advanced 45 CI FI C ISLANDS MONTHLY— DECEMBER 1957

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PAPEETE BULK OIL TERM- INAL: Reports from Tahiti indicate that rapid progress is being made on the construction of bulk oil tanks at Fareute Point, on the east side of Papeete Harbour, close to the ship repair yards and the naval depot. It is understood that plans call for a new fuelling berth east of the present wharves. (See photo, previous page).

TREASURE FROM THE SEA: Despite the loss of two salvage vessels in attempts to reach New Zealand from England, Mr. Bill Havens, 39-year-old Sydney mining engineer, is still determined to claim his share of the gold that was lost in General Grant when that vessel was wrecked on the Auckland Islands in 1866.

Under a November Singapore date-line, Mr. Havens indicated that his plan was not abandoned, though people who had visited the scene are certain that the wreck has long since been pulverised At Rarotonga, Mr. Malcolm Sword, formerly of Fiji and now wharfinger for the Union Co., dealt with more substantial treasure when he brought up the third blade of a 17-ft diameter bronze propeller from the 40-year-old wreck of the Union Co.’s Maitai off Avarua.

Two other blades, each weighing about 4,750 lbs and of 92 per cent, pure copper, showed a handsome profit to a group of amateur skin divers who brought them up last year. Since then, the price of metals has fallen and the third blade still lies at Rarotonga. The fourth blade, deeply embedded in the coral, is a tougher salvage proposition.

THEM’S FIGHTIN’ WORDS!: Mr. Lewis Graham, of South Pacific Shipping Co., Suva, former owners of the ill-fated and mis-spelt Nukalau, ex San Michele, and present owners of the 655-ton Suvaregistered Bahinda, seemed to be trailing his coat somewhat in November when he made a press statement in WTiangarei, NZ, calculated 46 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Mr. Graham was reported as say- -I‘. “With a NZ crew you do not ow where you are. They were vays fighting amongst themselves d one never knew when a couple iuld decide to walk off the ship. iey would not care that they might Id the ship up for a couple of ys”.

Mr. Graham was further quoted: Fijians aie different. They were fiSreoSfSßka? » ..nQ ixiost rename. me only pitfalls bi TV, Jit hteViiL™^th r °SI S ,°* rt ”- To get his Fijians the NZ Man- V £ l °k% 1 rQt S i' ed pay rnnritb«T t «mrrip t KuT a m d a l 18 ™ lf hls me * as w?rp 6 nniv W J°l t ? em ‘ They were only permitted to draw m cash what they would normally earn in *iji.

One reason why the company was abie to get its Fijian crew at all was that the accommodation in the vessel is well below present-day standards prevailing on the NZ or Australian coasts, and local unionists were not keen to serve in Bdbinda, though the standards are as . I good or bet ter than those prevailins in vessels in the Fiji ilter-isTand trade 8 ‘ MERCY MISSION TO FOR- BIDDEN WATERS: When Commander Bernard J. Lauff, commandlng the Us Navy icebreaker Glacier cached New Zealand in November h e reported that he had been forced to enter the British H-bomb test area near Christmas Island to obtain medical assistance for one of his crew, The 8,625-ton Glacier, a unit of Operation Deepfreeze, was bound from Panama to Lyttelton when a 19-year-old fireman was diagnosed as having a brain tumour. The ship (Continued on page 113) TOP: "Utopia", which was at Papeete in vember, westbound.

Photo: F. J. Peterson.

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Photo: Max R. Hart. 47 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Five Years Have Not Found Cause

OF KURU Kuru, the peculiar shaking disease that is killing natives in the Forea area of New Guinea’s Eastern Highlands, is now being considered as a problem for medical experts. Four years ago there was doubt as to whether it was not one for psychologists.

HIS confusion may have been the reason why medical investigations did not begin til comparatively recently. The cumstances surrounding the urrence of the disease have been peculiar as the disease itself.

Curu—or sorcery, which is how ; natives describe the disease— -5 been the subject of medical estigation for the last 12 months, Vincent Zigas, Government dical Officer at Kainantu, first de a medical report on it in member, 1956, after going to the apa area (among the Forea) in tober. le reported that it was rather similar to encephalitis and Parkinson’s Disease, with the patient gradually losing control of his body over a period of months, shaking and falling about, until a coma and eventually death occurred about nine or 10 months after the onset.

Peculiarly, the disease appeared to be localised to the Forea. a primitive group south of Kainantu. who still practice cannibalism. It struck mostly woman and children and was possibly hereditary.

This localisation made the problem of special medical interest, apart from the normal anxiety of the Administration to do something for the victims.

As shown in this article, although the disease or condition called kuru by the Forea people, has been known or studied by Europeans for about five years it is only recently that it has been considered news-worthy in Australia and that is because, in recent months, some reporter has coined the name Laughing Death, or Laughing Disease.

The idea of these people laughing themselves to death seems to have tickled public fancy until this, the minor, early symptom, has obscured the full sober story.

This has enraged a number of people in New Guinea—including Dr. Vincent Zigas (who has been responsible for most of the medical research into the disease) and his wife. When Dr. Zigas was interviewed last July by R W Robson (RIM, Aug. p. 129) he did not, in fact, mention laughing as a symptom at all. And in early November, in a letter to the ' Sydney Morning Herald ", Mr* Zigas inferred that none of the Forea considered kuru a laughing matter and that "Port Moresby"' reporters who wrote that Okapa hospital walls shook with hysterical laughter were merely drawing on their imaginations.

This year, after work had already been done on the problem, Dr.

Zigas invited the help of a young visiting American doctor, Dr. D.

Carleton Gajdusek, who went to Okapa. Other scientists, some from 49 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— DECEMBER, 1957

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A full clinical medical report on the disease is shortly to be published in Australia, written by Doctors Zigas and Gajdusek. r:E first newspaper report of the Forea problem was published about May this year, but it and subsequent reports aroused no real interest.

Not until recently, when a newspaper correspondent coined the new name of “Laughing Death” for kuru, did the public become aware of it. This is not an accurate name for it, but it is one that is likely to stick, even if, one day, kuru is called Zigas’ Disease —as there is a chance that it might.

The “Laughing Death” description refers to one of the earlier symptoms, when the patient’s emotions appear to be upset, as well as his physical equilibrium, so that he is more easily depressed and he more easily laughs.

There is another name that fits the requirements far better than that.

It is “guria sorcery”—from the Pidgin English word guria, meaning earthquake or shaking—and it was first used in print by an anthropologist, Dr. Ronald Berndt.

To Dr. Berndt credit should probably go as the first man to describe the disease (Dr. Zigas is first to give a clinical description).

Dr. Berndt and his wife, Catherine Berndt, were working among the Forea between October, 1951 and April, 1952, when they saw the effects of kuru. Dr.

Berndt then was doing some work for Sydney University Departmer of Anthropology, and was intereste in a Cargo Cult movement whic had passed through the Easter Highlands.

The Cargo Cult had probabl started with the arrival of the fin Europeans in the Highlands in tt early 1930’5, and it had built n and spread until just after the wa 50 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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SOLOMON ISLANDS ' K. H. Dalrymple Hay Esq., Honiar hen it quickly lost its force, withit apparently ever having become serious problem.

The development of the Cult nong the Forea probably occurred rer that 20-year period, although ily for a short time had it fected any one large group.

In a scientific paper, a summary which was read at an ANZAAS inference in Sydney in 1952, and hich was published in full in ceania in September, 1952, Dr. srndit referred to a “zona wind” a “ghost wind” (presumably not real wind, but rather a manistation of mass hysteria) which is believed by the people to occur the land of the Forea and their jighbours at the time of the Cargo fit.

When this wind “blew”, every- >dy started to shiver and shake, id once a village was possessed by the villagers continued to shiver voluntarily for an undetermined riod. They built a storehouse and llowed various rituals to appease e spirit in the wind.

Dr. Berndt said this was a llective phenomenon and indivilals didn’t appear to be troubled th it. He said this type of ivering had been observed among imitives before—with even reports aong the New Zealand Maoris at .e time.

But the important point Dr. ;rndt made in this 1952 paper is that the Forea’s shivering and aking with the effects of the host wind”, was similar to—but stinguished from “a shaking ;kness caused through sorcery”.

The latter was kuru. sf Oceania, in March, 1954, Dr.

Berndt drew in more detail the differences between the ghost nd of the Cargo Cult and the ler (kuru) variety, which, he said, as also termed guria in Pidgin glish, but allegedly brought about rough sorcery”. auria sorcery (the term is his), s comparatively common, he said.

Tt involves partial paralysis and ;k of muscular control; the at- :ks become more frequent and >re intense and finally lead to ith.

Tn the cases observed in the >gu and Busarasa-Moge districts ' subjects could walk with the aid sticks and with the help of snds; there were involuntary itchings, a feeling of abnormal dness, dilation of the eyes, which peared to be glazed, and lack of itrol over the limbs. Despite iscular difficulty in uttering words ‘y did not appear to be mentally ected, although cases inferring s have been recorded.”

Dr. Berndt described the “ghost id” of the Cargo Cult as being Jhtly different, in that th e vering occurred intermittently ;r a period, but otherwise it was : recurrent and did not become ensified.

Dr. Berndt had no firm explanation to make for the “ghost wind”, and suggested that an explanation might be only fully made on a psychological level. Or it might have been a manifestation of hysteria, or something else.

He did not attempt to explain guria sorcery— which is not surprising, since the medical men have not been able to either, after a much longer investigation.

But it is surprising to realise how two such similar phenomena could exist side by side in the one areaone apparently an entirely new disease, the other something else again. The situation has invited confusion, and patrol officers have in the past, not unexpectedly, worried about guria sorcery as some kind of manifestation of a fear of sorcery by the native.

Meanwhile, it is understood that Dr. Berndt has not yet finished with his considerations of guria sorcery, and soon hopes to publish two further referenies to it, one in an overseas journal.

STUART INDER. t Leuatea Lusitini Sio, of Samoa, was ordained as a minister of the Pacific Islanders’ Congregational Church at Auckland by the Rev.

R. L. Challis on November 27, and will be his assistant in Auckland.

Leuatea is the first Samoan to be ordained in this church. His father and grandfather were pastors in Samoa. 51 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Sydney. 2-12 Carrington Street, Sydney, N.S.W. [?]stralia in Islands [?]ation Battle Slow Progress in Bringing Literacy to P-NG Although Australia has governed Papua for 70 years, and New Guinea for 35 years; and although Australia has been making gifts of up to <£lo millions per annum to assist administration, it is a fact that very slow progress has been made in the spread of literacy in the Dual Territory. iROBABLY, there is no more difficult task than this in the whole field of education. The ijority of the 1 1 million natives P-NG are among the most .mitive in the Pacific Islands. A ge number of them are not even nder control”. They speak at st 500 different languages, rhere is no common language ;ept Pidgin English—which is a item of communication used in *ee or four parts of the world, d regarded as indispensable in ilti-languaged New Guinea, but despised by academicians.

Since World War 11, these facts ve been accepted by the Auslian Administration in Parma d New Guinea; » Although Australia has under- :en to raise the New Guineans’ ng standards as quickly as >sible, there can be little real )gress until the bulk of the Lives acquire some small measure literacy. ► There can be no measurable ount of literacy unless there is widespread system of village mary schools. ► There can be no effective age schools unless there are available a supply of trained teachers,, and a medium through which their instruction may be given.

The first steps, then, in introducing a Territory-wide system of education should be the training of teachers in accordance with a clear-cut plan—which plan must include provision for a medium (Simple English, or Pidgin English, or the use of certain root languages, like Motu or Tolai) through which instruction may be given.

Those steps, in turn, call for a staff of persons to train the teachers, and suitable establishments wherein that training may be imparted, under suitable conditions. rN years have passed since the Australian Administration was re-established in Papua and New Guinea. According to our calculations, Australia within that period has given P-NG at least £5O millions wherewith to build up public services, including health and education. But any growth in native literacy is no more marked than it was before the war and—what is more disturbing—it is not easy to see any growth in the Administration’s machinery for shaping and introducing a system of primary education.

There probably is need for at least 5,000 native teachers for village schools—the number reduced, 53 kCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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The facilities which exist to-day in qualified staff and buildings wherewith to train teachers, would not take care of 500 trainees, let alone 5,000.

There is need —for several reasons —for a clear-cut understanding with the Mission bodies as to the future respective roles of Administration and Mission schools in Territory education.

The Minister and some high Administration officials have tried to get closer to the Missions in the education field; but their efforts have been distinguished more bji fumbling than by understanding Some critics say that this is the result of Ministerial timidity, plus Mission arrogance.

There does not seem to be, in the whole Commonwealth Parliament, one person capable ol dragging out the facts and demanding an inquiry into the causes ol this unsatisfactory situation.

Naive Statement by Minister PRODDED by a question in the Commonwealth Parliament or October 10, Australian Territories Minister Hasluck presented s summarised defence of his education system and policy in Papua and New Guinea.

The questioner wanted to know if the Minister approved a statement, attributed by the newspapers to Education Director W. C. Groves; that “many natives were receiving a secondary education in Australia which had no relation to their life in the Territory; that natives were asked to study French and Greek: although English was a foreign language to them; that they shoulc be brought home immediately anc either given vocational training oi put into jobs”.

The Minister said he suspecteo the accuracy of newspaper report!; generally; and in any event the Director would be unlikely to criticise the system, because the Director himself was responsible fon the choice of students, schools ano subjects.

The Minister went on to say tha P-NG boys and girls were being thus brought to Australia because there were no secondary education facilities in the Territory and “it i: contrary to our thinking . . . thaj we should deny them the chance to have secondary education, ii they are ready for it”.

He argued that the practice woulo serve a very useful purpose, because; it would “feed back into the- Territory and the Territory’!' services and education system” ? number of indigenous persons who. had acquired a higher standard ox education.

He said that primary education in the Territory is not universal! and a long way from the Govern-i 54 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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He concluded; “The major need i education in the Territory is for niversal primary education; and e still are so far from achieving lat goal that we cannot forecast large-scale development o f ‘condary education”. So, preimably, the system of transporting fleeted natives from P-NG to ueensland secondary schools is to a on.

Editorial Comment

The Minister’s statements (which re taken from Hansard) appear ngularly naive and ill-informed.

Protests against the transportaon of P-NG native youths and rls to Australia are not concerned articularly with the desirableness ? secondary education, but with the ►cial consequences of the contacts ley make in Australia.

Generally, in Australia, they are itisfactory students, and their Jhaviour is admirable. But, in ustralia, they are trained in a way life which, in nine cases out of n, they cannot continue in New uinea.

In Papua and New Guinea, there ■e two worlds —that of the iropean, and that of the native, t present, there is no half-way arid, for the accommodation of ie native trained to live as a iropean.

If native students were trained secondary education within the irritory itself, and in accordance ith a system designed for the irritory, a half-way stage wherein ey would enjoy better living andards would be evolved, and the al dangers of the present system mid be avoided.

It is surprising to know that a Dvernment which is annually aking P-NG a free gift of at ast £lO millions, argues that at is stage it is not practicable to ovide the Territory with a condary education system. In 2W of the need for more native achers, secondary education cilities in P-NG are most icessary.

Relations Between Education Dept, and Missions N outstanding weakness of the L education system in P-NG is the failure since 1945 of the inberra-Port Morseby Admini- 'ation to effectively integrate the avernment’s policy and system of imary education with the educa- >n systems introduced and operai by the various Christian issions.

The Missions introduced a conlerable measure of village primary ucation, generations before the e^eral A Snom^h^ S fnr CC6 H ted any K i mSSrfow J education. ipalnns und f erst^ dably ’ tb f y are nr?v?lptp«i °nnrt . and chanees aI J y a view to and the Pdfirntfnn Mission UC fr nf a £ lteS with an overcontrol by the t , , But the Administration, probably wishing to get on with its education policy, and to train selected natives as village school teachers, and to streamline the whole system ?/ primary education, has found lt ?6lf in some degree in conflict with the Directors of at least some of the Missions.

There have been conferences between Administration and Missions. Little has been said about them. It appears that the Administration is anxious to avoid any public sign of conflict—some of these Missions are capable of raising a distressing howl!

But enough has been learned of the nature of the talks, in the past year of two, to indicate that certain Directors of Missions have displayed an amount of arrogance and aggressiveness which bodes ill for any worthwhile plan of co-ordination on future education activities in the Territory, Of course, the Missions have a case. For every 10 schools run by Administration, the Missions have at least 270; for every 500 pupils (Continued on page 105) 55 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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To The Pacific Islands

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To the To New Caledonia \ • Spring Street, Sydney, NSW, Australia Two Pearl-kings of the Northern Cooks LOT of the post-war wealth of the Cook lslands has flown through the hands of these two mother-of-pearl shell barons of ! Northern Group, though in the end it has >n distributed widely amongst the many ers and assistants who win the irridescent alth from the lagoons of Manihiki and irhyn. three score years and more of gazing out oss those sun-bleached beaches and glaring oons, and perhaps some anxiety as to the ure of this industry which has had little back into it in research and development, ; graven its mark in the lines round their ;s. There is talk of i valuable Manihiki oon again being sed through 1958.

On the left, Abela lliams of Manihiki, Island Councillor for past quarter-century, Commissioner of the lh Court since 1955, I Clerk-in-Charge for iods since the death his father who held t post to 1933. He s also been Court erpreter for many irs. He put into iration the first chine diving unit in 7 following the ware close-down of the dustry. Thirderation member of of the best-known them Cook Islands lilies, he has been ociated with the shell industry at Manihiki and elsewhere all his life.

On the right is Phillip Woonton, who might be described as King of Penrhyn. Resident Agents come and go, but Phillip is always there—when he's not over at Manihiki keeping an eye on his diving teams there, too Friends say he was born aboard his father's schooner which regularly traded through the Cooks and to Auckland over half a century ago. When the American troops came to the atoll in 1942 Phillip's home was the social—and pearltrading—headquarters of Penrhyn. We can safely say that many an American woman— that crop are past the "girl" stage—is wearing a ring, brooch, or ear ornament mounted with a pearl from the Woonton collection, and many a serviceman, and peace-time visitor, recalls his hospitality. f A NZ Civil Aviation Bureau DC3 aircraft, which had as a passenger from New Zealand, Mr. E. W.

Lascelles, officer in charge of Island Territories Dept.’s Auckland Office, was to make two charter flights from Rarotonga to Aitutaki on behalf of TEAL on December 7-8.

Photos: J. P. Shortall. 57

Cific Islands Monthly— December. ’957

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Prospectus from the Principal, G. E. Thomson, 8.C0m., or Secretary, City Mutual Bigs., 90 Queen Street, Brisbane, Queensland. aR^ ED thh 50 n GILLESPIES Gillespie’s Anchor Flour is milled from selected high quality Australian wheats and is entoleted for purity. Its consistent high quality has made it the best-known, most asked-for brand of flour In the Islands. (Entoletion is a special new purifying process which reduces the risk of insect infection).

NCHOR FLOUR GILLESPIE BROS. PTY. LTD., ANCHOR FLOUR MILLS, SYDNEY Cable Address; Gillespie, Sydney. Q. 1.97 The P-NG Liquor Problem Try Them With “A Good Soft Drink”

Papua-new guinea natives should have a non-alcoholic beverage designed for them before they get to the stage of wanting to drink something stronger.

This is the view of Dr. William A. Scharffenberg, executive director of the International Commission for the Prevention of Alcoholism, who in November began an Australasian tour which will extend to Papua-New Guinea.

Dr. Scharffenberg said in Sydney that Territory legislation which made it illegal for a native to drink alcohol should be retained.

The native could be educated away from liquor by giving him a non-alcoholic drink designed especially for his palate. Something of the sort had worked in India.

The taste for drink had to be acquired, said Dr. Scharffenberg.

In fact, most drinkers didn’t like the taste of it, but drank for social reasons.

The commission Dr. Scharffenberg heads is financed by international contributions, and has its headquarters in Washington, DC.

Dr. Scharffenberg, who has always been a non-drinker, has travelled 600,000 miles on the job of prevention in the last five years, visiting more than 50 countries, including Russia.

He’s had audiences in that time with the King of Sweden, King Saud, of Saudi Arabia, and the Presidents of Burma, Pakistan, India, the late President Magasaysay, of the Philippines, among others. 58 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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The Battle Of

THE BULLS N early November, half-a-dozen bulls arrived at Mr. Mick Leahy’s property at Zenag, New Guinea, nd so ended successfully (as it appened) a deal with the local epartment of Agriculture that had rst got moving in late July.

All affairs move slowly in the erritory, but Mr. Leahy’s experiice—and it is by no means unique ■probably shows why, although -NG may have a cattle industry ime day, it will not have it soon.

Introduction of high-grade live Dck into the Territory is part of Adinistration policy. Not only do the [[ministration agricultural stations iport pedigree stock for breeding, it a subsidy of about £3O per head ill be paid individual farmers on iproved stock for approved proirties imported from Australia.

The latter scheme is a good one but the limiting factor is the lack the class of shipping which will ,rry herds of cattle. That is what r. Leahy found earlier this year, lyway, when he attempted to take [vantage of the drought conditions ■evading in New South Wales. Any nount of good cattle was available; it the shipping was not.

After he had returned to the srritory about the end of July he rote explaining his difficulty to the epartment of Agriculture and askg if he could hire or purchase ilf-a-dozen bulls from the Erap pucultural Station, which is about miles from Lae.

Considerable correspondence ened between Port Moresby and •ap, and Leahy and several points Port Moresby; presumably there ere negotiations direct between ;ahy and Erap.

Hiring bulls was out; and with re- ,rd to purchase there were evidently nflicting opinions as between the veral officers now involved as to lether there were any animals surus to Administration requirements.

On September 9, Mr. Leahy was [vised that there would be a mob Shorthorn bulls at the Three ile, Lae, from which he could ake a selection. These were im- >rted, registered bulls costing up 500 guineas—but he was told that > could have them for prices rangg from £l7O to £325.

Leahy refused these bargain limals, however. He found that one id only half his genital organs; ree were diseased and were later iot; one was blind; and the other tree in poor condition.

In late September an officer of ie Department was sent over from Port Moresby and at Erap—where Mr. Leahy had first become interested in some animals in July- -30 bulls were mustered. On October 3, Mr. Leahy finally received a letter advising him that he might select eight bulls from the herd there The obvious purpose of Administration live-stock stations is to improve animal herds in the Territory by making well-bred beasts available to European and native farmers But although these stations have been functioning for a considerable time, cattle seem neither cheaper nor more plentiful.

It is estimated that in the last four or five years, about 30 registered bulls have been running with up to 300 cows at Erap. In the normal course of events there should now be some hundreds of progeny (on Australian dairy farms one bull to 30 cows is considered adequate), available for sale at considerably lower prices than imported stock.

But evidently this is not so.

What has happened to the progeny at Erap? Perhaps some of them have been eaten, but it sounds like expensive ration meat.

It took Mr. Leahy three months to accomplish something which one would reasonably expect to be a simple business deal between a Government department and the farmer it is designed to help, but at least he got his animals, which is more than most Territorians have managed to do. ( PIM, August, p. 152).

Now that he has his bulls home on his own range he is satisfied enough—although he still would, no doubt, like to know who spent good Government money on that bull with half its vital parts missing. t Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna, of Fiji, has been unwell of late; and, on November 22, he was unable to act as Speaker of the Legislative Council, when the Council opened its Budget session. 59 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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60 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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[?]Ukl Anders Buy 10/- Pineapples

From Hawaii

By J. P. Shortall

If September was Banana Month in Auckland, NZ, then November was Pineapple Month. For just as September was the first occasion in 40 years that bananas in bunches had arrived at that port ( PIM .

October, p. 125), November saw the arrival of a shipment of pineapples from Hawaii, first from that source in 25 years.

ND what a shipment. Here L again was an example of what can, and must, be done when ere is competition.

Increasing quantities of pineiples have been coming to New aland in recent years from the >ok Islands during Novemberjcember-January—but like most [and fruit reaching New Zealand, Dm whatever source, each shipent is full of blemished, misapen fruit, unattractively profited, and very frequently rotten the heart.

The idea of attracting the stomer or of establishing a good name for the shipper never enters into the deal. There’s no need for it. Always chronically short of tropical fruit, the New Zealand consumer glumly accepts what offers.

So it was with pleasure as well as with pain—due to the price— that this cool-store shipment of 500 dozen pineapples from Hawaii was welcomed. And this was marketing, American style.

The fruit —smooth-skinned, green tops unsullied, nothing but the best—came in two sizes, and packed, like beer, in cardboard cartons.

Each carton, attractively coloured and decorated, bearing the shipper’s name, contained one dozen fruit, each in its own compartment, neatly standing on end, and all the same size in any one carton.

Did someone say, “We Islands 61 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Don’t Hesitate to Write Immediately on all your Technical Problems. • Orange Grenadine Sarsaparilla Ginger Ale • Islands Representatives: DEMKA AGENCIES PTY. LTD., 2-12 Carrington Street, Sydney. shippers can’t afford all that hocus”?

Well, the answer to that is that these 500 cartons sold like hot cakes in the city markets at 65/to 72/- each, depending on size of fruit.

There is no control on the retail price, but the Chinese green-grocer down the road was unloading his at 2/- per pound without a great deal of trouble. Which seems to show that a lot of consumers are prepared to pay big money for a product to which the producer is not ashamed to put his name.

As we reported at the time, Auckland consumers opposed sale of Ecuadorean bananas by the “hand” and the retailers toed the line by selling to individual requirements. With the pineapple shipment there was similar co-operation.

Some were selling by the wedge, cut longitudinally in to the centre, cheese-style. This would suggest that there might be an even readier market for similar high-quality pineapples of smaller size—like the Cook Islands fruit.

The price seems high, but it is not so much higher when you find that two out of three of your Cook Islands pines, for one reason or another bruising, faulty picking methods, faulty packing, or perhaps wrong stowage aboard ship—turn out to be rotten at heart.

Maybe the New Zealand fruit consumer does have to accept what the Islands send him at present; but it could be that with steadily improving refrigerated shipping connections with overseas countries, he may demand something a little better than what has been tossed at him for so long—and if this better overseas product is forthcoming the Islands shipper may have to pull his socks up at long last.

POST-SCRIPT: Aucklanders are enjoying finest white Spanish grapes this month. They arrived in top condition, having been packed in powdered cork in small barrels, each containing about 22 lbs.

Some 2,500 barrels arrived in the first shipment, and 10,000 more are on the way. The retail price of these is 4/6d per pound. 62 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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TOTTENHAM SYPHON ENGLAND [?]tter to the Editor [?]arold Gutty’s Early Days In USA WAS sad at heart when I read about the passing of Mr. Harold Gatty, (Sept., PIM), whom I ew quite well in the days when first arrived in the United El^oS.

The history of Harold is not mplete without mentioning those rly days and the man who friended him then and, you may 7 “grubstaked” him, so that he aid take up the study of Weems stem of Navigation and await an ening in aviation, rhis friend was Captain Norman rguson, a native of Timaru, New aland, and then master of the :ge US schooner-yacht Goodwill.

When Gatty met the Captain, the iter was over 70 years old, a tall standing man, about six feet tall, rd as nails, but with a very kind Captain Ferguson was an early Lpmate of Captain William Ross, b well-known trader in the mgas about 1900 and owner of rkentine Ysabel. He was last m in the South Seas, when the wdwill made a cruise to Tahiti d the Tongas and returned to s Angles via Christmas Island d Honolulu about 1924.

Ihe Goodwill was a steel twoisted schooner of over 200 tons d was owned by Mr. Keith aiding, of Pasadena, California. ie carried a crew of 26 men and is tops when it came to upkeep d pay.

She very seldom went on a long iise and most of her sailing was ne on week-ends between Los igeles and Catalina Island, about miles away. [ do not know how Harold Gatty jt the Captain—it may have been letter of introduction, as without übt he needed work. And, as it ppened, there was an opening as lief Mate on Goodwill. Captain rguson gave Gatty the job at 30.00 per month, not forgetting lat we would call fringe benefits, ch as free laundry and subsistence len the ship lay up in the winter.

Harold Gatty could not have shed for a better job for his rpose—a lot of leisure time, which ve him a chance to study and >rk on some inventions such as a ift indicator for planes; a sextant r air navigation; and others. In tween times, he also started to ach Weems System of Navigation. is well known that the Lindrghs were amongst his later adents.

How long Harold Gatty was Chief ate on the Goodwill I can’t recall it some time later on, the Pioneer strument Co. wanted some one to ljust their aeroplane compasses.

Gatty resigned to take the job.

From that day on he became firmly established in aviation. His later career is well known.

I am, etc.,

Fred K. Klebingat

(Capt.) San Pedro, California, USA.

November 12, 1957 * Mr. C. R. H. Nott, formerly one of Fiji’s best known District Commissioners, and latterly British Agent and Consul in Tonga, returned to Fiji with his wife and daughter in November after six months’ leave in Europe. He now has taken up his new appointment as Secretary for Fijian Affairs.

Peanuts, Aluminium

Record Cargo from New Guinea r:E Australia West Pacific Line’s M.V. “Delos” lifted a record shipment for the Line when she left Lae late in October bound for south with 1370-tons of plywood, sawn timber, logs, peanut kernels and aluminium ingots.

The aluminium —salvaged from wrecked wartime aircraft in the Gusap area by Mr. Jack Reid—was smelted on the spot, and now, 14years after the war, will probably be turned to commercial use. 63 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER,

How dieldrin protects public health (from dangerous insect pests) Health Authorities throughout Australia endorse the effectiveness and economy of Shell dieldrin for positive control of insect pests.

Only long-lasting dieldrin destroys insects and larvae too I ® Flies and Mosquitoes. Dieldrin destroys the larvae of flies and mosquitoes at their breeding places, when sprayed on rubbish tips and stagnant water. The long-lasting residual strength kills full-grown insects, too ! • Ants. Eradicate ALL ants from your building with Shell dieldrin ! Specially recommended by C.5.1.R.0. and State Departments of Agriculture for the control of argentine Ants.

Cockroaches. These pests can be eradicated quickly and completely by brushing or spraying with dieldrin wherever you detect them.

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The Standard AtliM tvieacA i C&CL It Jltimo, Sydney, N.S.W., 'Phone: BA 4027 Cables: “Whiterose”, Sydney More Power for Cook Is. r[E Cook Islands Legislative Council held its eleventh and last annual session at Rarotonga during October.

Just prior to the session, legislation was introduced in Wellington tvhereby the Council will be replaced by a more representative Legislative Assembly with a majority of elected members and i good deal of financial responsibility in local affairs.

The administrative changes are in ine with recommendations made Dy Professor C. C. Aikman last year, allowing a visit to the Group at ;he request of the government to nvestigate and make recommenda- ;ions regarding constitutional reorms.

Under the new arrangement there yill be an Executive Committee of ilected and official members to idvise the Resident Commissioner.

Island Councils will be given greater authority in the handling ►f local affairs. These will have he power to establish Village Committees with limited police and udicial authority.

Maori Justices of the Peace will be appointed and will have power to deal with certain offenders who are at present dealt with by the Resident Agent of the respective islands.

Another Mission Forecast YET another “Mission to investigate” Cook Islands affairs is forecast as the result of a debate in the House of Representatives at Wellington early in October.

Following charges by a Labour MP (Mr. Fox, Miramar Electorate) that industrial working . conditions in the Cooks required “thorough investigation”, the acting Minister of Island Territories, Mr. Algie, indicated that the Government would consider any proposal to send such an investigating mission.

Mr. Fox, vice-president of the Federation of Labour, had evidently just discovered that “goods being produced with cheap labour are being exported to Auckland”.

He apparently did not know or did not mention, that the Islanders employed in these industries are in some cases receiving wages well above those of other sections of the Cook Islands community.

He was quoted as saying that the Cook Islanders, “a very stable type ... are not looking for the moon, but want conditions a bit better than now”. (Over) 65 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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Melbourne, Brisbane, Fremantle Auckland, Christchurch He noted that the NZ Factories Act and the Industrial Conciliation and Arbitration Act, as well as worker’s compensation, do not apply in the Cook Islands. The workers were given some protection under legislation passed in 1947, but it is high time, Mr. Fox considers, that they are fully protected, as their position relative to New Zealand workers had not been maintained.

The present excitement apparently stems from a visit by a Garment Workers’ Union executive about a year ago.

Allowing that it is insufficient that the workers in these industries are perfectly happy at present, and in fact compete for entry into these particular industries as workers, whatever needs to be known about the situation is readily available from the Cook Islands Administration, from the employees, and from the factory owners—without the necessity of wasting public funds on another Mission which seems bent on killing what little industrial enterprise does exist in the Cooks. if Mr. R. P. Little has retired, after 37 years’ service with the pastoral enterprises of Messrs. Morris Hedstrom Ltd., in Fiji, and has gone with his family to live at Dandenong, near Melbourne. The late Sir Maynard Hedstrom took a keen interest in the establishment and development of the pastoral industry in Fiji, and he was fortunate in getting the help of Mr. Little, who had just come out of World War I with decorations and distinctions.

Mr. Little was successively manager of the Valavala, Vunilagi and Kanacea Estates; gave further useful service in World War II; and in recent years has been manager of the Fiji Pastoral Company atNavua.

He contributed much to the success cf cattle-farming and dairying in Fiji. t Natives twice attacked patrols in the NG Southern Highlands in October. Three natives were killed. 66 DECEMBER, 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Cook Is. Pearling

Manihiki May Be Closed Again IyfANIHIKI, best mother-of-pearl H fishery lagoon in the Cook Islands, which was closed to livers throughout 1956, may again ►e closed next year.

The Administration ordered the agoon closed last year when it was een that much undersized and orderline shell was being shipped outh to Rarotonga for packing and xport.

Closure naturallly caused considrable opposition by those in the idustry, who maintained that the olicy was wrongly based. It was lore a question of policing the egulations, some exporters conidered.

They maintained that there was o shortage of large shells in the tgoon, but that the divers would aturally pick small shells as well, they could get away with it. -eport, shell fished since reopenig has again been of borderline ze. The legal minimum was raised lis year from 4| inches to 5 inches.

Continuing supplies of undersize lell may confirm the Administraon’s contention that the evidence lints to the lagoon being too eavily fished. The Report states lat it appears that it may be “cessary to again close the lagoon irough 1958.

Manihiki lagoon is of very great tlue to the impoverished Cook roup. Despite a heavy decline in tell exports in the 1956-57 finanal year the total value of JZ101.490 was only £l7O below that the next most valuable export, matoes. This was due to a record r erage shell price of £NZ67O per ng ton for the 149 tons shipped.

Much of this shell was a carryer of shell fished in the previous ar. Only 421 tons was actually ihed, 13 h tons of this coming from iwarrow lagoon which was worked r a few months.

The Administration’s hope that e closure of Manihiki would also .mulate fishing at the other arling lagoon, Penrhyn, was not alised.

In fact, production there declined two tons, to 29 tons.

Manihiki’s importance to the instry can be seen in export figures lich have often been over 300 is in recent years, from that joon alone.

Mo scientific and detailed survey Manihiki’s shell resources has sr been made. Little reliance can placed on the divers who turally want the lagoon kept en at all costs and do not take .(png-term view. It would be worth die for the Administration to have a thorough survey of the lagoon made by a competent person so that necessary action could be firmly based.

Some replanting has been done in Pukapuka lagoon and elsewhere but it would be many years before this had any commercial potential. + Makea Nui Teremoana Ariki was formally invested with the Insignia and Grant of Dignity of Commander (Civil Division) of the Order of the British Empire by Resident Commissioner of the Cook Islands, Mr.

G. Nevill, on November 6 at the Court Room, Avarua. * A motion that graduates of Tereora College and Nikao Teachers’

Training College, Rarotonga, be required to undertake to remain in the Cook Islands for at least five years after graduation was carried by the Cook Islands Legislative Council in November. The rule may be relaxed in special cases. - At a brief ceremony at the Tanunamanono, Apia, village school, recently, the 13-year-old Samoan girl, Fa’afaga, member of the Junior Red Cross Society was presented, with the Royal Humane Society’s Bronze Medal for bravery in saving the life of a young Samoan boy from drowning in the flooded Vaisigano River, near Apia, on March 16, 1956. Members of the Apia Red Cross Society attended the function, and the President, Mr, H. W. Moors, addressed the gathering. 67 VCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Curb Wanted On

NATIVE NG B.O.P. HUNTERS PHE cessation of tribal war amongst New Guinea Highlanders had had its effect on le Bird of Paradise population and le time might be close when BOP’s lust be protected from natives. As le law stands at the moment, uropeans may not take BOP; but atives who hunt with bow and tow and spears may do so freely.

Protection for the lovely birds was ivocated recently in Lae, New uinea, by Mr. Fred Shaw Mayer, ho is in charge of Sir Edward alistrom’s fauna collection at the allstrom Trust establishment at ondugl.

The pacification of the native ;oples, greater purchasing power, id the tourist with his camera, all ntribute towards the trend for ?ger and better Highlanders’ headesses.

Previously, when a headdress was mparatively small, and there was ibal warfare, natives shot only the rds in their own areas, but toy the average Highlander can am at large, and in perfect safety, to other people’s territory to shoot e birds at will.

Some natives in receipt of good wages can afford to employ another native to shoot birds for him And the publicity gained through pictured Highland headdresses in magazines throughout the world brings along the tourist willing to pay 5 - or more to the willing model with the biggest headdress.

Mr. Mayer is a naturalist, and pre-war for many years made trips to New Guinea on behalf of the British Museum and London Zoo.

The fauna collection which Sir Edward Hallstrom started vears ago has been added to until it is now very large indeed, containing well over 100 Birds of Paradise—kept in numerous aviaries, thickly planted with trees; a flock of Goura pigeons; Cassowaries; a number of Salvadore ducks, and many parrots. Also in captivity are nearly 30 tree-climbing kangaroos, which have bred successfully. A Hornbill stays around the place at liberty and many ducks live on the numerous ponds.

The Salvadore ducks—the high mountain duck of New Guinea— have bred successfully in captivity at Nondugl, although they are not known to have bred in captivity anywhere else in the world.

It is a pity that this show place is so far away for the tourist to NG, and also for the coastal resident. Many travellers expect to see a Bird of Paradise when they go to New Guinea, just as a sightseer at Taronga Park Zoo, in Sydney, expects to see a koala bear or a kangaroo.

For tourists on ships, who have little time in each port, the trip would be almost impossible. To see the place properly it would need an overnight stay, but there is no public accommodation.

However, it is hoped that Sir 69 1 C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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The secret of masterly distilling, maintained through the years, is the reason why to-day, as ever, Gordon’s Gin stands supreme. 6801 Edward may some day donate some birds to the Lae Botanical Gardens —which look like becoming the biggest and finest tropical gardens in the Territory—where they can be kept in aviaries and viewed by the many visitors. At Nondugl, there has not been sufficient aviary accommodation to devote one to one pair of birds only, and as the birds are apparently coy about mating in company, they have not bred in the large aviaries.

A ribbon-tail Bird of Paradise from Mount Hagen was, however, bred at Taronga Park recently by Sir Edward, and the pair of yodelling dogs—a true wild dog of New Guinea—recently sent to Sydney from New Guinea have bred four puppies. It is hoped that permission Will be given to send some treeclimbing kangaroos to Taronga Park from Nondugl soon.

Mr. Shaw Mayer pointed out that the male Bird of Paradise takes up to 5 or 6 years to acquire his full plumage, which is designed for one purpose—to attract the female.

It is quite obvious that if the older birds are shot for their plumage, the breeding process will consequently be slowed up. ti Headmaster of the Technical Training School, Lae, New Guinea, Mr. Rea Oberg, left on the Skymaster on November 10, holidaybound for Sydney where he will join his wife and family. During Mr. Oberg’s absence the school will be in charge of Mr. George Harrington, of the Rabaul Technical Training Centre. 70 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Population Growth

Exceeds Funds

Fiji Clamours for Roads, Bridges, Water FIJI’S Public Works Director, Mr.

John Common, is a sorely harassed man. His department las to face ever-mounting criticism ;ver the state of the roads in the Dolony, the lack of water in several hickly-populated areas, and dilapdated bridges along the main highvays.

Some of the main roads are really n a shocking condition. But it is lardly fair to lay the blame on the Director (who has been in the Colony less than 18 months) and on ils presejit staff. There has been lad planning, and there is a chronic hortage of public works funds.

The patrol officer of the Automobile Association of Fiji said reently that he was continually reeiving complaints from drivers bout damage to their vehicles, beause of potholes on the King’s load between Lautoka and Rakiraki.

One stretch of that road (beween Ba and Tavua) was so bad hat many motorists preferred to tay at home rather that damage heir vehicles.

Mr. R. H. Frow, the patrol officer, aid that the road surface was desriorating so rapidly that it was nlikely to be a road at all in 1960, y which year the Government had romised to have it tar-sealed.

A Public Works spokesman reorted that grading of the road ras impossible because of prolonged ry weather. Grading now would ssult in further deterioration, beause fine material on the road ould be blown away.

The spokesman said that the Government was spending thousands of ounds on realigning a section of mis road, and that when this was one the road would be tar-sealed.

The Government plans eventually ) tar-seal the main highways round the Colony, and proposes to o the work in sections, paying atmtion to the worst areas first.

The programme, of necessity, must 3 a long-term one; and it needs tore than a crystal ball to forecast hen motorists will be able to motor round the island of Viti Levu, safe i the knowledge that there will Dt be a series of potholes or corigations round the next corner.

JOMEONE blundered in the recent ) past, in failing to see that the area between Suva and Nausori, ong the King’s Road, would de- ?lop rapidly, and that a growing >pulation would need water.

From Samabula Bridge (about four miles from Suva) to Koronivia Agricultural Station (six miles further on) residents of a fairly densely populated area now rely on tank water. There has been a prolonged dry spell in the south, so their water has been carted to them in PWD trucks.

PWD plans to instal a pipe-line and have it delivering water by the end of 1958, as far out as the six-miles peg from Suva. Once that is done, it will not take long to extend the line to connect with the Nausori supply. In the meantime, residents watch hopefully for rain to fill their tanks, or for the arrival of the PWD tanker.

Ration Biscuits By the Ton Lot A sort of United Nations effort at biscuit making will be undertaken in Honiara, BSIP, when a manager arrives from Germany and a baker from Hongkong.

The establishment is owned by the Kwan How Yuan Biscuit Company and the factory is at Kukum, just outside Honiara. Equipment includes two electrically heated ovens capable of turning out three tons of ration biscuits and 700 loaves of bread per day.

For the time being, only ration biscuits will be produced. 71 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Better Off

[?]HAN EVER But Okinawans Don’t Like It

By Wayne Denbigh

EAVING death and damage in J. its wake, a typhoon struck Okinawa Island, the big US ase in North-west Pacific, on Sep- ;mber 26. One US Marine and 19 ative Okinawans were killed and )0 Okinawans are missing.

Over 400 native houses were deroyed and 850 were damaged; 20 ablic buildings destroyed and three imaged; 595 other buildings deroyed and 600 damaged. US airaft and some installations at Naha id Kadena (two of the 12 main rfields) were wrecked by the 146 ph storm-winds.

Since the end of the Pacific War, SA has occupied Okinawa, and has ade it one of her most powerful erseas fortresses. Okinawa was cured from Japan in June, 1945, ter one of the fiercest and most pensive battles of World War 11.

Nowadays, though, it is not beuse of possible resurgence of Japtese militarism, that USA still 31 d s the island. The realistic asons are that (a) two hours’ flyg time away is Peking, capital of ;d China; one hour away is langhai; and Russia itself is little Okinawa, about mid-way along the chain of islands between Formosa and Javan was one of the last islands taken from the Japanese in 1945. Since then it has been mostly out of the news. Most of us remember it only from reading the book or seeing the play—“ Teahouse of the August Moon.”

The influence of the ancient Ainu is stronger there than on the Japanese home islands, but the Okinawan is ethnologically and culturally Japanese. more than 1,000 miles to the west —not a long haul by any means for the Strategic Air Force Command’s atomic-bomb carriers, if need be.

And (b) Okinawa could become another Red-dominated spot in the Far East.

IN addition to Nature’s freak typhoons every so often, the United States has had to face a growing restlessness from a large section of the 670,000 Okinawans, who have pressed during the past few years to have the island returned to Japan and the occupation forces sent home.

Indeed, the Japanese Parliament in Tokio in August sent a resolution to Washington asking outright for the return of the Ryukyus. US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles’ brusque reply was that “America has the right to assume full sovereignty over Okinawa in certain circumstances.”

The US Army Secretary commented that “US intends to retain full control of Okinawa for many years to come”.

Usually not much news of (Over) 73 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Okinawa reaches the general press, but recently some well-screened journalists were permitted to visit the base to see how the Army, the Air Force and USCAR (United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyus) have used the 1,000 million dollars Uncle Sam has poured into the island base.

Out of the press inspections has emerged a mass of information to show that while Okinawa is booming, the Okinawans have little love for the United States.

On the one hand, they have been given better health standards, modern highways, hospitals, commercial docks, rural electricity, 4,000 school classrooms and even a University, departmental store and shops of every kind (with highest wages in their history to spend in them), and a measure of representative government with towns and villages managing their own affairs.

But the Okinawans have displayed marked anti-American sympathies in a thousand small but irritating ways; a section of them crowds the street frequently, shouting, “Go home, Yanks!”; they have elected an extreme leftist, Kamejiro Senaga, as Mayor of Naha, the highest office open to Okinawans; and their People’s Party never loses an opportunity to hammer home to the US authorities that “reversion” (to Japan) is its avowed policy and aim.

Senaga, particularly, is a thorn in the side of the Americans. He claims he is a “humanitarianist and a pacificist—but not a Communist” —though his daughter is a member of the Japanese Communist Party and the US authorities have intercepted instructions to him from the Japanese Reds.

Just before being elected Mayor at the end of 1956, he served a prison sentence for giving false evidence and harbouring a wanted man; his speech immediately after leaving gaol touched off an ugly anti- American demonstration by 5,000 people.

The unenviable job of handling US affairs on Okinawa belongs to Lieut.-General James E. Moore, General Officer Commanding, and also High Commissioner of the Ryukyus. Under his command are 50,000 US soldiers and airmen, in addition to members of the American civil government administra- 74 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Speaking of Senaga, to a visiting pressmen, General Moore said, “He follows the Communist line consistently—and, of course, there is abundant evidence that he stirs up friction wherever he can. What the Reds want more than anything else is to drive a wedge between us and the Japanese. Anything the Reds mn do to weaken the US in this aart of the Pacific they will do.”

The future of Okinawa will regain a question mark while the Red threat to the Far East remains.

I’o hand the island back to Japan, vhile still maintaining bases in Okinawa, could mean trouble to the Jnited States —in war the bases night not be able to be used unless he Japanese approved.

So, the US continues on her way, n her own fashion, on Okinawa; ind so do the Okinawans. But, as me US reporter commented: “They :omplain about the US land requisitions, but they do not work he land they have; they live better ban Okinawans ever have lived in listory; but feel abused; they think ike Japanese and act like Japanese, »ut do not really ever want to be igain the sort of second-class Japmese they once were. In short, they hout, ‘Go home, Yanks!’ —though lothing worse for them could lappen”. [?]N TAHITI Bulldozing For Spanish Treasure CONY BAMBRIDGE. Senr., wellknown Tahiti resident, is at present engaged in a search for reasure (15 tons gold bullion) at ’autiva.

The treasure, according to a doculent Bambridge possesses, is suposed to have been brought to ’ahiti by a Spanish galleon about be year 1774. (There are quite a umber of Tahitians in that district dio claim to have Spanish blood.) The area, on a tract of land wned by the Bambridge family, rhere the excavations are taking lace is cordoned off by barbed dre and plastered with signs foridding entrance and the taking of hotographs.

The work is being done with the id of pneumatic drills and bullozers. Bambridge stays there full me and is personally directing the ork and is being advised in the se of the mechanised equipment by I. Nimeaux (Director of Public /orks) who visits the site every eekend.

The work has been going on for mr months and is, reputedly, costig Bambridge about 200,000 francs El,000) a month. 75 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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Magazine Section

tropicalites

Those Sky Things

AN engineer employed by the Nickel Company at Noumea reported to the Civil Aviation Dept., of New Caledonia, that on October 6, he had sighted a moving object in the sky moving from West to East.

With a marine telescope he kept the object in view for nearly a minute. He was unable to identify it as being oval or spherical but said it had a misty halo around it.

He said he was quite familiar with the vapour trails left by jet aircraft but he was sure it was not an aircraft. He was of the opinion that it was the Soviet satellite.

However, as the satellite is on a course nearly ninety degrees different from the object he observed, that possibility must be ruled out.

Quite responsible people believe in “flying-saucers”, and in these days of space-dogs, etc., it is as well not to write everything off to imagination.

Most manifestations, however, have a natural explanation.

On November 6, residents of Bathurst, NSW, discovered a ‘flying-saucer” in the bright afternoon sky.

Two Sabre Jets were sent from Williamstown base to examine it; a Qantas Super Constellation bound Sydney from Hongkong also circled the town.

Some of the townspeople saw rapour trails coming from the abject; some said it was cigar shaped; a chemist looked at it through a telescope and said it was red on top and lighted underneath, A taxi driver saw swept-back wings on the object that was “hovering”.

The Sabre Jets circled the town Sj’ efin h< ? Jr and SaW The Constellation crew identified the °k , l ec J' as Planet Venus. , , was -. As afternoon deepened into night, even the burghers of Bathurst were conyi n^ ed ; ~ ® y ?. ney Observatory said that at this time of the year Venus J® at a fl P omt , M' B or h l . t nearest and it is visible in tne sky during daylight. paptta’q irAirUA o wuoDi riIHERE are plenty of characters A in the islands—we all know that —but that bright bundle of energy, “Woody“ Troeth, more correctly Mrs. Dorothea Troeth, rates a par for her Rouna Hotel, in the ranges not far from the Kokoda Trail. It’s no thing of beauty, that hotel, with all the bits and pieces that are appended to it, but it’s a pioneer business in its own way.

Before the war, part of the building, not a hotel then, was used to store rubber brought down from the top of the ranges by mule pack, During the war it was a provost post to help control men and machines headed for the Trail, and afterwards it became a guest house, “Woody” has had it about seven years, supplies her tables with milk from a vast herd of goats and is always promising to build a swimming pool. Moresby’s increasing mobs of tourists always head for Rouna, the locals drive up on weekends, and once, “Woody” boasts, seven generals turned up.

There have occasionally been complaints that a liquor license shouldn’t be given to any hotel in Rouna’s situation —half way up a narrow, winding road in a range.

But it’s possible to go too far in protecting the public from themselves.

Agin The Government

HERE is a newspaper paragraph, attacking Canberra, which I read in Moresby: “The attitude of this haughty Government towards the press which has had cause to chide it is ludicrous in the extreme.

They loathe publicity and the limelight, as they are well aware that as soon as the Australian nation becomes acquainted with the real facts concerning the administration of this territory—so soon will reforms be insisted upon, and the present deplorable state of affairs cease. The impertinence of the press daring to criticise the autocrat in charge, is too great for words”.

No, it wasn’t the South Pacific Post having a go—but it was the Papuan Times of February 11, 1914.— Ess.

Freedom Is A Two-Edged

SWORD WITH a controversy raging as to whether there should be “open slather” for all races in the consumption of liquor in Fiji I was involved in a small incident recently in a Suva hotel which forcibly brought home both sides of the question.

Two of us were having a quiet drink before dinner in the private bar when four Fijians walked in, one of them very young, and very much under the influence. He asked me where the barman was and I pointed him out. The barman came across and refused the Fijian’s order for a glass of beer.

The young Fijian tried to thrust a note into my hand to get him a bottle of beer, saying: “I’m Fijian, I can’t get a drink.” It transpired he did not have a permit so I had to refuse to do so. (Over) The Captain and the Cook...

By Will Gill

77 * A C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

The young man started to become obnoxious, as most Fijians do when tight, so his pals came to the scene and hustled him away. If meek and mild Fijians become that way when under the influence, then should they be allowed to have liquor?

On the other hand, I had only recently arrived in the Colony, and as I am a European I can drink to my heart’s content if I wish in the Fijian’s country.

There must be a moral in this somewhere —N.B.

Name It And Have It

BISHOPS, so people say, are very solemn folk. One exception is the jovial head of the Marist Fathers in the Northern Solomon Islands, Bougainville, Most Rev.

Thomas J. Wade.

An American, from the tiny Eastern State of Rhode Island, he recently told a good joke against himself, when he was in the States.

Telling an audience of the way the Buka boys coin graphic, pertinent phrases, he explained that he once set up a loudspeaker in a tree in order to speak to a large gathering. Demonstrating the new gadget at its maximum volume, he realised that there was no native word for “loudspeaker”, so asked them to give it one in Pidgin English. One bright lad came up with: “Call ’im big mouth b’long Bishop!” —Dee.

Seth Parker’S Scoop

Robert tomar c h i n, the Henderson Island “Crusoe”, is not the first American entertainer to use the South Seas as a stepping-stone to fame.

Some can recall the affair in early 1935 when the radio compere, “Seth Parker” (real name Phillip Lord), involved himself in the Duke of Gloucester’s Royal Visit to the p<> At that time, while cruising among the South Sea islands on his way around the world in his own fourmasted schooner, Seth Parker, Lord maintained a radio-hook-up schedule every night over major American broadcasting stations. After the Duke of Gloucester had been in Fiji and Samoa, he sailed in HMAS Australia for Panama. Scenting a “scoop”, Lord flashed a radio message that caused Australia to alter course and dash to the schooner’s assistance, north of the Cook group.

The air turned blue with naval oaths when Australia reached Seth Parker and found her safely cruising along—with the radio compere gleefully describing to his Stateside listening audience how the Australian warship carrying the Royal Family’s third son, His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester, Prince Henry William Frederick Albert, had met up with his own Seth Parker right smack in the middle of the lil’ ole Pacific.

It seemed the call for help was just a publicity gag.

But justice was done the next day when Seth Parker ran full tilt into a hurricane that wrecked havoc in the Cooks. Lord’s hysterical call for help this time was no stunt, but Australia’s commander, 300 miles away, kept his course and radio’d that Seth Parker would have to send out proper international distress signals.

The SOS that came frantically tumbling through the airwaves was no phoney, and so Australia dashed back through the hurricane-lashed seas. This time, finding Seth Parker in real danger, she provided assistance and took some of the schooner’s crew aboard for treatment.

Phillip Lord, like the majority of other US entertainers of that era, fell out of fashion and disappeared from the entertainment scene. — “W.D.”

Finnegan’S Walk

Back at his Auckland headquarters after a five months business stay at Rarotonga, Mr. Michael Finnegan reported that his Pauasheel jewellery and woodwork factory, established last year, was making satisfactory progress, despite attempts from New Zealand manufacturers and union officials to have it spiked.

How about the union official who journeyed north to inspect Cook Islands industrial conditions some time ago For months last year, while the factory was building, Mr. Finnegan was to be seen stumping back and forth along the main road, on his one good leg.

This year he decided to take his car up with him. Rarotonga is 21 miles right around, but almost all his motoring was done in the Avarua-Avatiu main settlement area. “And do you know how many miles I ran up in five months— just on 2,000. Now I know why the walking seemed to be tough last year!”- JPS.

Ural Seotrh—Made in Japan THE tourist souvenir business seems to have gone full circle since visitors to India bought Benares brass, manufactured in Birmingham. Now, visitors to Fiji buy “typical souvenirs” manufactured in India—and other places.

They are cheaper that way, even though duty has to be paid on them.

Americans from the Matson ships, Mariposa and Monteiey, passengers on the Orient ships and air-travellers, all are free spenders on tortoise-shell, silver filagree, and silver articles.

But only a small proportion of the articles are manufactured locally from local raw materials.

Small bits and pieces, such as brooches, tie-pins and earrings are made in Fiji, but no one seems to have the ability to make bigger articles such as tortoise-shell backed hair-brushes, powder bowls, etc.

One local store makes cigarette cases from tortoise-shell, and sells them at £5/5/-. The article imported from Ceylon sells at £3/15/-, so the local trader prefers to import these items from there.

All filagree is imported from India. Some, but only a small amount, is beaten in Fiji into the finished article.

Silverware comes from Siam and Indonesia; bracelets from Germany, spoons, glass powder bowls with a Fiji motif, from England, and toy Fiji policeman from Wales.

Some local stores say that it is cheaper to import the finished article than import expensive machinery to do their own manufacture.

While the brigantine "Yankee” was in Lae in June, our correspondent there photographed the old cannon that are carried aboard as part of the decor. These photographs appeared in August issue, page 59, and in them, the pieces looked to be full sized.

The above photograph shows just how you can be fooled by photographs —this is the same brass cannon that appeared in the lower photograph in the August series, but it's cut right down to size when three-year-old George Kuper straddles it.

George is the son of well-known Albert M. Kuper of Honiara, and grandson of the late Henry Kuper, a native of Hamburg, Germany, who many years ago settled on the island of Santa Anna and established there one of the well-known plantations of the Solomons. 78 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Down in the Churchyard With the Bush Beer Boys

L'Amour Finds A Way

A Short Story By W. H. PERCIVAL OF course, it was obvious that Tiny wouldn’t last long on this island. Altogether too robust a character to please the missionaries and our milk-and-water Admin types.

When he came ashore at the wharf and spotted me, he roared like a playful bull. The old ladies in the hotel, two hundred yards away, nearly dropped their teacups.

“Hello, you old bludger! Still sitting on your bottom robbing the taxpayers?”

He’d put on a bit of weight since Coll, days. Must have been thirteen stone, and his face seemed redder and his smile seemed wider. We exchanged preliminaries and I drove him out to my place.

“Where are the pubs?”

“There aren’t any.”

“The cafes then. The dance halls?”

“No cafes, no dance halls,” I said.

“The hotel is unlicenced. We have a hop every Saturday night at the cinema.”

“Good grief! What a dump!

What do you jokers do for grog?”

I told him about the Bond system.

Two bottles of spirits per man per month. He didn’t believe me at first, but when he saw that I was serious he looked a bit faint.

He had quite a way with the jirls. Always larking about and smacking their backsides, and jetting away with jokes I couldn’t make in a Club. He made a big lit with them all . . . except Rima.

Rima was my house girl, the only jirl I’d seen who cpuld keep Tiny it a distance. And of course the fig mug had to fall flat on his face or her.

Tiny worried me a bit. At that ime I was expecting a high official ippointment; and any breath of icandal would havfe spoiled my ;hances. Tiny saw the point and ried to quieten down. It was a loble effort that lasted almost a vhole week.

Then ne met the Bush Beer Boys.

FT was a clear night with L thousands of stars and a great big moon and a gentle breeze aaking the palm trees sway.

It was late that night when I leard that Tiny was having a party fith the Boys in the churchyard. got down there fast to grab him •efore he put both of us up the reek.

He was there all right, drinking ip the beauty of the tropic night, and vast quantities of orange beer The Boys had a four-gallon can of the stuff on a flat-topped grave and several spare bottles besides.

Rima lived with her fat sister in a native house just down the road from the church. When I reached the churchyard, a little after midnight, Tiny got an irrepressible urge to go and whisper sweet nothings in Rima’s ear.

Maybe it was love that blinded him, or the moon got in his eyes.

It might be possible that the beer had something to do with it.

Whatever it was, when Tiny tried to tip-toe through the shack’s open doorway, he failed to see the sheet of roofing-iron they had placed across it.

There was a clatter enough to make the dead in the churchyard turn over. Then he was in the blackness of the room, trying to find a way out.

Someone crashed into him, he said, and he grabbed the figure long enough to know that it was a man and that his body felt hard and lumpy.

There was another fearful racket as the unexpected man found the other door and brought down another sheet of iron. By this time the girls were awake and theii screams added to the din.

Tiny took off at full throttle after what he called the intruder Neither of them saw the clothes line stretched before them. The man hit the line and fell. Tiny’s weight crashed down on top of him and a mass of bed linen buried them both.

This is the end, I thought. We will both be deported by the next boat. But Tiny seemed to be quite sobered up. He started talking.

He just happened to be passing, he said, and he saw the thief enter the hut. He rushed bravely in and tackled the fellow. Now there would be no more pilfering in the neighbourhood.

He had, in actual fact, surprised a thief, and been quick-witted enough to realise it.

Did Rima change her mind about Tiny after that? Not on your life!

But that didn’t worry him, because that night he met her fat sister, and a week later they were married.

No, he’s not here now. Tiny’s manager decided that he could be taken only in small doses, and shipped him and his new wife off to one of the outer islands. He is still managing the Branch store there and, I understand, drinks nothing stronger than coconut milk.

Expert on Coastwatching and Coconuts SNOWY" RHOADES, well-known in the Coastwatchers, is now the Chief Copra Inspector for the territory of Papua and New Guinea. He was christened "Ashton" when he was born in North Sydney in June, 1895.

After schooling he attended the Hawkesbury Agricultural College, where one of his schoolmates was Jerry Pentland of New Guinea.

Graduating in 1914, "Snowy" enlisted in the Ist Light Horse Regiment and was twice wounded in World War I. He went to the islands in the 1930's and was with Burns Phiip at Lavoro, on Guadalcanal, when the Japanese war started. He was appointed a Coastwatcher, one of that scratch band of heroes who did the bravest work in the whole Pacific war. He was still at Lavoro while the Japs landed at Tulagi and Lunga, and still there when the American assault started on Guadalcanal. He saw at close hand the hectic actions in the area, including the loss of HMAS "Canberra" in August, 1942. As the Americans pushed the Japs north-west along the coast towards Lavoro, "Snowy" moved in stages and had many close shaves with the enemy, before he was evacuated to Sydney, where the blue uniform of a Lieutenant RANVR led him to the altar. This was December, 1942, and his bride was Edna Norman. But "Snowy" was soon back in the Solomons for the further stages of driving the Japs back in the general direction of Tokyo. For dangerous assignments he was awarded the American Distinguished Service Cross and the Silver Star; he is probably the only Australian to hold both these US decorations.

To-day, as Chief Copra Inspector, "Snowy" is based on Rabaul. Here he has some agricultural interests as a hobby, besides playing cricket, being the president of the Rabaul Cricket Association. He is looking forward to eventful retirement so he can devote himself with his wife to full-time plantings of cocoa and vegetables. With the latter he secured 10 out of 13 first place awards at the Kokopo Agricultural Show in June, 1957. —BRETT HILDER. 79 * A C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

One Memorable Night Among The New Britain Cannibals And an Historic Photograph... • The 'publisher-editor of the “Pacific Islands Monthly”, in January, 1951, received a small packet from Count Goedicke van Asten, then over 90 years of age, and a resident of Auckland. He was German horn ; had wandered all over the world; had spent the latter part of his life in Tonga, and always had kept a diary.

There was this note: “This is based on my personal diary. I call it, ‘How I spent two nights with cannibals in New Britain’. It is a very horrible story, but I should like it to he published, just to show the kind of people wno lived there in those days. I send it therefore to my old friend, the editor of the ‘Pacific Islands Monthly’, on the condition that it is not published until after I am dead”.

The “little Count” —as we knew him —died a couple of years ago.

The following is his own account of what appears to have been an unforgettable experience. rN 1884 (73 years ago), I was man- -1 aging a trading-station for the DH & PG (once a famous German trading company), at Kabaira, in New Britain. [Kabaira is a place on Ataliklikun Bay, about seven miles from Rabaul.] Close to my station, there was a large native house. It was about 40 feet long, and it had neither doors nor windows. There was a space, about two feet high, between the ground and the bottom of the wall.

I never saw anyone near this place in the daytime, but at nights I sometimes saw peo p le creeping through that opening.

I learned that my cookboy, Tobilau, went there to sleep: so one aay I asked him what they did in that house.

Tobilau informed me that he could not tell me anything about that house. If he did, maggots would eat him alive, his body would burn like fire, and somebody’s grandmother would slit open his belly.

I was young and inquisitive, and plied him with questions. So he said he would tell the headman about my desire for information.

Two days later Tomarkete, a petty chief, came to my station, and told me that he was the leader of what he called the young men’s society.

These were young men, he said, who were not able to buy a wife for themselves —they did not have shellmoney (divara), or a canoe, or an artifact, and some still were working in the gardens of their future fathers-in-law.

I became friendly with Tomarkete, and he said that if I wished it, he could admit me as a member of the society. I was young, and full of eagerness and curiosity, so I agreed to become a member of this young men’s club.

In due course, I went through a ceremony of inauguration. It was not a nice experience, and not one of which I am proud. The less said about it the better.

But I then was allowed to spend the night in the big house —and I spent two nights there. They warned me of the things that would happen to me if ever I disclosed the secrets of that house —and although I am no believer in sorcery, I still am unwilling that it should be described, while I am alive.

Nothing much happened that first night. Some 30 men stretched out on the ground. Others were sitting up cross-legged. All were smoking clay pipes. They appeared to talk mostly about fishing, and about catching a large ground-frog.

At sunrise next morning, they all left the house.

When I went in there the next night, there were only some 20 present. They told me the other ten had gone to Bainingen (presumably what we now call The Bainings).

I lay down to sleep. I wondered why I had been warned about the things that happened there, and that I must not tell anyone what 1 saw and heard.

But about midnight there was a sudden stirring. The missing ten men came in. They had been away on a raiding expedition—and they were dragging along with them a young girl, whom they had seized from a village somewhere.

She was young, and quite small.

The scenes which followed were This photograph of H. T. Goedicke (as he then was) surrounded by artifacts, was taken only a few months after the cannibal incident, described in his diary, took place.

He was then 22. The photograph was taken in Port Moresby by Commander Erskine, of HMS "Nelson", a few days before he proclaimed Papua a British Protectorate. The plate was developed by Rev.

James Chalmers, a famous missionary, and the print was made in Government House, Sydney, by Lady Carrington, wife of the NSW Governor. Soon after comp[?]eting his part in it, Mr.

Chalmers was kil[?]ed and eaten by cannibals in the Gu[?]f of Papua.

The photograph of Count van Asten on next page, above, was taken towards the end of his long life. 80 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

How Unlucky Can

A MAN GET?

A SPECIAL mercy flight brought a seriously injured Papuan from Kikori to Port Moresby in November.

It seems he had had toothache. But he thought the pain was in his throat. So he cut his throat to let the pain out.

His jugular vein was severed. imething I cannot describe. The )or creature was passed from man ■ man. I sat in my corner, too Trifled to move. They offered her i me, but I waved them off. I anted to go away and be sick —but knew that if I tried to leave, they most certainly would attack me.

After some time, when the girl as practically unconscious, a big itive grabbed a stone club, and cashed her on the head, killing jr immediately. Then they dragged er outside, where a number of iem cut her up, while others built ) a large fire.

They put pieces of the girl’s body i the fire, and roasted them. Pieces this roasted flesh were passed •ound, and eaten with gusto.

The horror of the scene is beyond y description. I was sick and embling, and wished I could leave, at the rule was that none could ave between sunset and sunrise, did not sleep and, when the day- ;ht came, I got ready to depart. ) also did the others. The remains the girl’s body were divided up nong them, and they took the eces away with them.

CRAWLED into my house, and fell upon my bed. I was so shocked and disgusted that I did 5t know what to do. How soon mid I get away from that horrible ace?

Then the miracle happened. My •okboy came running in, calling, Ship”.

I rushed outside. There was the erman warship Albatros, comanded by Count von Baudisin, •opping anchor. I learned soon terwards that she had been sent punish these Kabaira people for iving killed some Europeans a :tle while before I arrived in New ritain.

I went aboard that ship and hen the Albatros sailed, I departed ith her. I was young and ready r adventure: but I could not face le thought of again living alone nong those cannibals.

Guitar Music, Kava and— The Ladies Take a Choice

By J. Edward Brown

• There never was such a dance as the Keppels Ball. It was held on the verandah of a house, with about 40 people paying 21- to enter, and about 140 paying nothing to stand outside and watch.

ISOLATED Niuatoputapu Island, sometimes known as Keppels Island, lies 320 miles north of Nukualofa, capital of Tonga.

From the sea the island looks like a hat floating on the Pacific— a broad brim of flat land with a crown several hundred feet high rising abruptly from the centre of the island.

The entrance through the encircling reef is tricky. Aboard the Tongan Government’s auxiliary ketch Hifofua even the helmsman looked worried as we headed at half speed for what looked like a solid reef, with breakers smashing on the coral barrier to the calm waters of the lagoon.

The Tongan Mate stands in the rigging spotting coral patches and Captain Johnston stands on the bridge rail. One Tongan boy is at the wheel, and another at the engine room telegraph. The Hifofua weaves in, dodging coral patches, the engine going quickly from full ahead to full astern at the command of the Captain.

But the tricky part comes after the Hifofua has entered the reef entrance, which is just wide enough to let the hull slide through, when the ship has to negotiate an almost right-angle turn with menacing coral ledges on either side. The ship has to be pivoted without touching the coral and it requires a delicate sense of timing, helm and engine movements to get the 85 tons ketch inside.

Captain Johnston was the first master to take the comparatively large Hifofua inside the lagoon.

Previous skippers had anchored off the reef about a mile from the main village of Hihifo and put cargo and passengers ashore by surfboats.

Niuatoputapu is one of the really clean, unspoilt islands of Tonga, where the people peacefully dream away their lives. They have nothing else to do.

The island is clean after the grubbiness of Nukualofa, for the capital of Tonga is shabby, with many European type houses, mostly unpainted, with rusting iron roofs, sagging verandahs and an air of squalor about them.

But on Niuatoputapu most of the houses are built Tongan style of native materials and blend perfectly into their background of coconut palms and tropical vegitation.

On Keppels, time literally doesn’t mean a thing. The only ships that call are the occasional small vessels that pick up copra and put ashore mail, cases of bully beef and a few passengers. The men, when they feel like it, occupy their time by making copra, but thev don’t make much compared with the other islands of Tonga, mainly because they’ve got nothing on which to spend their money.

There are no picture theatres, no Tongan owns a radio, and there are only a couple of stores which don’t have much to sell. So the men sleep, talk and drink kava. The women do their household chores, make mats and make kava for the men.

Niuatoputapu has a total permanent European population of three, a Catholic priest and two Catholic sisters.

There are no motor vehicles on the island and transport from the jetty at the village of Falehau off which the Hifofua lies, to Hihifo, a distance of over two miles, is by sleepy horse pulling a cart along a rutted grassy track.

It can get very hot on the island and Niuatoputapu has a local law which says that males may dispense with their shirts in public. This is in contrast to the rest of Tonga where laws are in force which make it an offence to be seen without a shirt.

ORGANISED entertainment is very rare on Niuatoputapu. But the crew of the Hifofua have a good band of guitars, so a dance was arranged. They don’t have dances very often. Somebody thought it was 1954 when they had the last one.

Captain Johnston and I were the only Europeans present and when we arrived two chairs were produced for us. The woman who was running the dance brought around lemon drinks at freauent intervals and for our two shillings we even got a supper of cakes. (Over) 81 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

There was a hole in the dance floor where a board had collapsed, but nobody minded, as they danced around it. The girls were dressed in their best frocks, but one male wore about three weeks’ growth of beard, a white shirt, a once white pair of drill trousers and bare feet.

And the most dashing male present was dressed in a white shirt, white drill trousers rolled up to just below his knees, and sandshoes. Excellent for dancing.

One young man was nicely dressed in a vala, the Tongan male skirtlike garment, a nylon shirt, and his cheeks were brightly rouged—quite a common custom with Tongan males, who don’t see anything peculiar in it.

All the dances were “ladies choice”. There was a reason. The woman who was running the dance had her eye on the Captain, and before every dance she called out gaily that it was a “ladies choice” and dived at him.

AT 12.30 a.m., the band tired, so the dance finished, and the men scattered around the village to drink kava for several hours.

We walked through the village in the moonlight, past Tongan houses in darkness, to a house where Gus, a part-Tongan and one of the Hifofua’s passengers, knew there was a girl willing to make kava for us.

The house was in darkness, put Gus called through the door and awakened somebody. They got up and lit a lamp and we entered, taking off our shoes.

We sat on mats on the floor, while the girl woke her sister, and after they’d got dressed they came out from behind the curtain which screened off one end of the hut.

The lozenge shaped hut was divided into three sections, its two ends curtained off. A glimpse behind one curtain showed sleeping forms prostrate on the floor under hanging mosquito nets. The querulous voice of a sleeping woman was raised and one of the girls replied sharply.

The walls were decorated with pictures cut from magazines showing film stars and royalty, and flamboyant film posters of yesteryears advertising Tom Mix, interspersed with many yellowed snapshots.

The elaborate wooden kava bowl, with its patina of age and much use, was brought out, as were the stone pounders and a piece of canvas to place under the stone to catch the pieces of kava root. One of the girls went to fill the water bucket. The canvas was spread out and the big piece of stone placed on it. Gus tore off a piece of the kava root we had brought with us, took up the small stone pounder and smashed it to small pieces. It was tipped into the bowl and water was added. The girl mixed it with her hands, adding more water until the root was thoroughly dissolved.

Then she took up a mass of fibre, called fau, and drew it through the muddy-looking water to strain off pieces of the kava root.

She wrung out the fau in the bowl and flicked the mass of fibre on to the large piece of canvas. Wet pieces of kava root rained on the canvas. The performance was repeated until the liquid in the bowl was free from pieces of undissolved kava.

Then she lifted the fau and let the kava drip back into the bowl. It was ready.

We had each been given a coconut shell bowl and a small mat on which it was placed, face down.

The bowls were passed to the kava maker who lifted the mass of fau and squeezed a measure of kava into each bowl.

We sat there crosslegged, talking and flirting mildly with the girls.

From a hut not so far away came the pounding of stone against stone.

Somebody else was having a kava session.

Every quarter of an hour or so we drank again, till after several hours of pleasant talk, the kava root had been completely used. It was time to go. We said goodnight, nut on our shoes and stepped out into the night.

As soon as we left, the door was closed and light extinguished. For if anybody else had walked in, the girls, according to island custom, could not have refused to make kava for them, although they were tired and wished to sleep.

Old Holy Claus and the Quadrupeds The Europeans have robbed the Pacific Islanders of their heritage of pre-European tradition. By picking out the bits that suited their case and discarding the rest, they have destroyed the real appeal of the folklore. One might imagine how the tables might have been turned if Omai [Captain Cook's Tahitian interpreter] had applied to the folklore of the Londoners the sort of treatment that the later Europeans meted out to the Polynesian stories.

He might then have reported to the Tahitians as follows: "These people have a tradition of an early heroic character named Santa Claus. Claus is an old Nordic name. 'Santa' appears to be a corruption of the Roman 'sancta' meaning 'holy'. There are the usual miraculous elements in this tale. Holy Claus is depicted as proceeding across the skies in a curious conveyance, drawn by eight fabulous quadrupeds. Claus was also reputed to have been a generous fellow, giving away things for nothing. From what we know of these European people, we may discount this as invention. He was no doubt a trader. It would appear that 'holy' Claus was a merchant who visited Rome". As soon as the vain effort to squeeze out of the traditions more than was ever put into them is abandoned, the stories can stand forth unashamed in all their original detail and appeal.— From "Ancient Voyagers in the Pacific", by Andrew Sharp.

This is a Tongan dance—following the more usual style! Photograph was taken recently at a youth conference in Suva.

Photo: Caine's Studios, Suva. 82 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

[?]en Friends Are Fun, But- You'll Need Hide For Your Xmas Box!

Some new angles on the hobby from SUSAN LANDFAIR m ANY years ago (yes, many, I’m (I afraid) my name appeared in the Pacific Islands Monthly, iking for pen-friends.

I received letters from all over ie world, and I answered nearly ery one.

There must be thousands of ;ople writing to other thousands tiom they have never met ;rsonally, only through the edium of pen, paper and stamps.

I’ve had letters from, and written tters to people living in England, ermany, Norway, Sweden, Canary lands, Sth. Africa, India, USA, ji, New Guinea, West Indies, ngapore, Holland, New Zealand id all States of Australia—besides any of our boys who were fighting erseas during the war.

I exchanged stamps and local ;ws (stamps, I think, must be the ain reason for overseas corresmdence) with a friend in USA r about twelve years, until he died, wrote to girls in England and □Hand until they, and I were arried. Eventually we stopped riting; married life must have made a difference”.

A school teacher in Norway anted me to “Correct his English, ease”, and return his letters with irrections. I did this and found a lot of fun. Most of his ntences ended with “Yes?, No?”, “It is in your country that you ive no snow, only hot sunshine? es? No?”

I followed a Fijian schoolboy trough his school years till he went America to study. I followed a erman nurse (we were both embers of the YWCA) through sr career in England. She went lome” for the war. There were a more letters.

I still write to a penfriend who /es near Te Awamutu in NZ and ave done so for nearly twelve jars; and another in Sth. Africa ir almost as long.

Exchanging letters with yet aother writer has helped us both ith “ideas” for our work, and now often send a congratulatory letter » a writer who has had something : special interest to me published l one of the numerous magazines I jad monthly.

YUT these have been the pleasant J people I have contacted through pen-friendship. I have received :her letters from people who are not so nice and who are, plainly after as much as they can get.

A man in India blandly wrote a whole list of goods I would have to buy him if I was interested in writing to him. (It was not I who wrote in the first place and I have no idea where he got my name).

He listed the foot-size of every member of his family for me to supply shoes—as many as I could “now” and the rest “later” Post cards, photographs of all the capital cities of Australia, 20 copies each. And text books of -g «"Ject and in And not even a “please”! I don’t know how he expected me to send the stuff to him let alone buy it all. He probably owned one of tovns'in streets of an the dusty towns in inaia * Evidently he believed in the saying, “No hide, no Christmas box.” I kept that letter for a long time because friends wouldn’t believe me when I told them of it.

A girl from Melbourne wanted to bring her whole family to stay for three weeks holiday with me “because you sound so nice, Moving from one part of Sydney to another at that time was a wonderful, legitimate excuse. I did not send her my new address, Many wanted me to supply an extraordinary number of Australian stamps and first-day covers. There was no mention of “exchange .

They must have been business people, or people who made something “on the side. .While I’m a reasonably give and take female, I did not intend to let others ‘sponge” on me. Fair is S 5 ’ latest P frocks ™ipesflow” seeds, unusual, cards and a handkerchief at Christmas time, even cheap travel books, are a p willingly given and received anc j provide lots of fun as well as comments in the next letter, when articles are virtually demanded it is carrying things too far. These are not pen-friends in the true sense of the word. But taking everything into consideration, pen-friendships are worthwhile and, believe me, the thrill of being handed a letter with foreign stamps has never weakened in over twenty years of letter writing.

D. I. McALPIN

Of Port Moresby

Legco Is His Business ALTHOUGH the tumult and the shouting have died now that the first meeting of Papua-New Guinea’s third Legislative Council has ended in Port Moresby, the work is by no means over.

It never ever seems to be over in the office of Douglas lan McAlpin, who has been Clerk of the Council since it was inaugurated in November, 1951. McAlpin merely works a little less hard than on the 12 hours a day he usually works when the Council is sitting.

For McAlpin is the man who has to keep the machinery of the Council running, the man who worries about the printing and roneoing, the transport, the preparation and distribution of the bills and ordinances and notice papers, the man who has to have procedure and standing orders at his finger tips, or the tip of his tongue.

It is a big job which seems to be getting bigger. The recent meeting of the council sat for two weeks and handled 50 Bills and Ordinances.

But McAlpin handles it all quietly, and without panic, as he sits in his black gown at the book-piled desk in front of the Council president, Administrator Donald Cleland.

Occasionally he gets up to whisper something, probably affecting procedure or routine, to the president.

He is still sitting there long after the Council has adjourned to dinner —or a night’s sleep—cleaning up the day’s work, or discussing the work for the next day with goodnatured assistant Percy Smart, or hard-working, competent Miss Jean Lane, who directs the Hansard team of stenographers.

McAlpin has been in the Territory since 1946.

He has a wife and three children and is happy to stay there. Undoubtedly the Legislative Council will be happy to keep him.

S.I. 83 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

This Month's New Reading—

Deeds Thai Did Not Save The Empire

Conducted hy J.T.

BY this time no book-reviewer is likely to come out in goosepimples of excitement when a new war-book is deposited on tne editorial table. Almost one per week is still hitting this office —and it might be easier all round if you could write off war stories as an over-produced commodity and let it go at that.

Unfortunately, for anyone with any sense of history, or of human effort or adventure, to dip, even into a jacket flap, is to be sunk.

Ail of these books have something worth saying, even if it is just because no two servicemen ever seem to have fought quite the same war.

Soldier Surgeon In Malaya, by Lieut.-Colonel Thomas Hamilton, makes a conspicuous contribution, even though it has come late in a spate of books about the campaign in Malaya. It differs from most of the others in that it does not deal with prison camps, the Thailand railway or attempted escape from the Japs. Instead, it tells of the campaign from just before Christmas, 1941, until the surrender on Singapore island on February 15.

Hamilton was CO 2/4th Australian Casualty Clearing Station, 2nd AIF, and although preoccupied with the medical side of the war, he nevertheless gives an excellent account of this most muddled and expensive campaign of War 11.

Except for an epilogue, he does not attempt to describe the horrors that occurred between February, 1942 and August, 1945; most of the book is taken from diaries written up in prison camps, the diaries themselves having at one stage been committed to the grave of a soldier in Burma, and the mildewed pages dug up and returned to the author after the war.

Passibly in no campaign did the old stiff-necked approach of the professional British soldier get so at odds with what was expedient and possible for the times. Perhaps this is best shown by the order of the day issued by General Wavell, just five days before Pet’cival had to surrender unconditionally to the Japanese. It is worth reprinting here: It is certain that our troops on Singapore Island heavily outnumber any Japanese who have crossed the Straits. We must destroy them.

Our whole fighting reputation is at stake and the honour of the British Empire. The Americans have held out in the Bataan Peninsula against far heavier odds; the Russians are turning back the picked strength of the Germans. The Chinese, with an almost complete lack of modern equipment have held the Japanese for 4£ years. It will be disgraceful if we yield our boasted fortress of Singapore to inferior enemy forces.

There must be no thought of sparing the troops or civil population and no mercy must be shown to weakness in any shape or form.

Commanders and senior officers must lead thei troops and if necessary die with them. Ther must be no question or thought of surrende ... I look to you and your men to figh till the end to prove that the fighting spiri that won our Empire still exists to enable u to defend it.

It was believed subsequently tha the order was a direct inslructioi from Churchill—who had broadcas that Singapore “would not fall” and it so infuriated most AH commanders that they would no pass it on to their troops. It ha< been sent via GOC Malaya, whi added a note of his own to the effec that some unit had not showi the fighting spiri expected, and i would be a lasting disgrace if “we an defeated by ai army of cleve: gangsters man’ times our inferio: in numbers”.

That Singapon was a state 0) mind with thosi who were running the campaign from London, is shown again in this book The disillusion ment that cami with the fall o< the impregnablt fortress was so great it seem; likely now tha; Wavell was mon prophetic in hi: order of the da3 than he realised.

Few people sines have had th ♦ temerity to speaH about s u c U delicate subjects; as the “honour o:< the British Empire”; or tho “fighting spirit” oi same. Empirt has become to bo regarded as one oj those disgraco words 1 i k o “native”—and tin. fall of Singapon may yet be re-: gar d e d as tho actual turning point that markeo the end of Britisll predominance.

But Lieut..

Colonel Hamilton is refreshingly un j concerned wit II pro and anti Colonialism in hi;i narrative. Hr: writes a plain story about thing;' as he found them under abnormar and frustrating circumstances. I A little boy lost is the same in any language. This downcast Fijian scrap grasps the hand of Sergeant-Major Lese, of the Fiji Police, as they search for misplaced parents. The occasion was a carnival held in Albert Park, Suva, some weeks ago.

Photo; Fiji PRO. 84 DECEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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VHIA he has views on the place British stuff ed-shirtism had in losing the Empire, he sensibly does not say so but allows the reader to judge for himself from the context. (Published by Angus and Robertson. Australian price, 18/6.) A to Z in Uplift ONLY slightly fewer in numbei than the works of war are the works of uplift. We have had them in every denomination, and now currently one based on the Jewish faith. This—A Book O] Contemplation— is by Dagobert D Runes, who is a Doctor of Philosophy with a vast list of works on subjects like Ethics and Philosophy Religion, Art, etc. Distinctly in the upper intellectual bracket.

The present book is published by Philosophical Library, New York, and the cost is $3.

It consists of snippets of wisdom, which we presume Dr. Runes has invented, and which for some reason which is not clear are arranged in alphabetical order.

For example, under “A” you find “ABNORMAL” and the text: “All great ideas and all great acts on the stage of history were abnormal.

Was Beethoven normal? Or Michaelangelo?”

Over in the back, in the “S’s” you find “SELFISH: All men are selfish but how their selves differ!”

Oddly enough, under “E” (for Education), we find “The heart can learn only from another heart. The printed word does not teach it”.

Evidently the good Dr. is a guy who doesn’t believe his own philisophy, although after the first few pages the habit becomes catching and even the soured bookreviewer is likely to try a hand at. the business.

Such as: “Confucius say Philosophy like pants—no damned comfort unless made to measure.”

For those who still prefer Dr.

Runes’ three-bucks’ worth off-thehook, applications should be made direct to the publishers. So far as we know, the book is not yet on sale in Australasia.

More Howard Spring Cavalcade WHATEVER else can be said about Howard Spring he has: not yet succumbed to the gimmick: His novels still consist of large chunks of life as he sees it, a close-printed 400 or 500 pages of it, meandering through two or three generations without any attempt to “arouse quick reader interest”.

Time and the Hour, his latest; effort on behalf of his middle-brow admirers, amongst whom you can count this reviewer, has all the ingredients, including sex. But it is the pre-1920, golng-to-bed sex, that 86 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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According to Spring’s rendering the theme, the word is never mtioned; but the pure noble lotion of love was sometimes disused by pure noble women to the m of their choice, even in those ys, without benefit of matrimony.

As he starts his characters off as ildren about 1912 and leaves them the mid-30’s approaching Hitler’s id Mussolini’s war, they can be id to have finally arrived within eaking distance of the present, it in spite of their forwardness some directions, Mr. Spring’s nales insist in retaining an aura such gentility about them that it hard to believe that he did not ansplant them complete from me deep-freeze storage of Late ctorianism. He has better luck th his men and probably the best rt of the book is the delightful rly section where young Anthony omwich goes to the eccentric nius Septimus Pordage for his ucation.

Like all Spring novels, this is mpletely without plot. The addict erefore must be prepared to follow e writer into a story where the .aracters—usually reckoned by the ■zens, and vaguely related to other aracters who have appeared in her Spring books—are permitted take charge of the situation, and ape their own lives. The result is probably as surprising to Mr. Spring as to the reader.

Howard Spring was born in poor circumstances in Wales in 1889 and began work as a butcher’s errand boy at 12. He later became a messenger boy on a newspaper and later a reporter on the same paper.

Hard work and ability took him to the Yorkshire Observer and Manchester Guardian and ultimately to the top of his profession.

His early life and newspaper experience is reflected in most of his novels —particularly in the stories that have concerned the newspaper world, Dunkerleys’, Hard Facts, etc.

Joe Morrison, the young reporter who became a Dunkerley foreign correspondent in Mussolini’s Italy and Hitler’s Germany, is the means by which Spring carries into Time and the Hour the saga he began in his earlier novels.

A story of this sort makes small sense of brief reviewing—but you can take it that as another cavalcade of life, Mr. Spring has succeeded again. (Published by Wm. Collins. Australian price, 20/-.) (Continued on page 90) 87 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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YOO'U lAC(* fiff/T FOX WAYS 900 Wharves for 1957 Conditions in Lantoka AUTOKA Fiji which will not j have new wharves before 1960, has far outstripped available cilities. Recently four overseas iios were working the port, and lother was due three days later ith a perishable cargo.

The Effie was loading sugar, while ongside her the AtheMuchess Lth pipes across the Effie, was ta I Un\on%anker h using the only HSSSPi uaZlt ’ in thp nort was ur PWD hargesm the port, vra adII JL^SS g flSfr ie Natone was unloading flour om Australia.

When the Matua, with her cargo perishable goods from New Zeand arrived, the Union Banker had i s top working to allow the Matua , use the entire fleet of PWD irges.

The five ships gave a striking illustration of the need to speed up the Lautoka wharf scheme, for Lautoka is fast becoming a port of entry which deserves better facilities than those now available. Only four barges in poor condition and at considerable cost is the best the ’ th ™ u « h the PWD - can These barges have to be handed over when a ship with perishables arrives. Local shippers want immediate action to provide new W h arves> w ith necessary sheds. One exasperated shipper recently remarked: “Lautoka is growing, but the official mind appears to be atrophying”.

“ t In Fiji, police are investigating the disappearance of local airmails between August 5 and 13. It is feared they have been stolen.

IM CROSSQUIZ NO. 93 (Solution on page 91) ACROSS I. —Which group of islands is the most slated in the world? 7. —What name has been given to the ttooed and painted early peoples of Scotnd? 8. —Which ballet dancer died in 1931 at e height of her career? 9. —What birds build no nests and have eir eggs hatched by other birds? 10. What fluid is used to operate hydraulic akes? 11. —From whence did Lily hail in the mous negro song? 12. —What is argon? 15. —Which part of the British West Indies has the highest density of population in Central and South America? 17. —Which child, in a book by Kipling, was brought up by wolves? 18. —What relative of the giraffe was unknown until 1900? 19. —what type of roof is similar to a mansard? 20. —What could you have a gaggle of? 21. —What noun is common to both the Insect and radio world? —DO W N 1. —What name was given to an ancient race-course for horses and chariots? 2. —Which famous war-time leader produced a book of his favourite poems entitled "Other Men's Flowers"? 3. —What period in world history lasted from about 1000 B.C. to the beginning of the Christian era? 4. —Which serpent has no fangs but crushes its prey in its coils? 5. —what is the term for an accident brought about by unforseeable and unavoidable natural force? 6. —What is the River Thames called where it flows near Oxford? 7. —what is equal to a quarter of a bushel? 13. —What is the private chapel of the pope? 14. —what is Eisenhower's Christian name? 15. —what took its popular name from Sir Benjamin Hall. 15. —What is the Australian aboriginal term for the native companion? 89 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER,

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Office and Sample Room: Bank of New South Wales Chambers, Suva, Fiji FRANK YERBY, American latterday best seller capitalises on his countrymen’s wide streak of sentimentality— strong men, torn by all the earthy lusts who nonetheless inevitably produce principles at the right moment and see the Light before all is lost.

His females, alas, can sometimes be weaker vessels.

It is, however, a convenient framework oyer which to stretch the fabric of his romantic period novels —and the latest of them, Captain Rebel, will be welcomed by the fans as have his 12 other best-sellers.

In Captain Rebel, readers will ineyitably be reminded of Gone With •ne Wind and read into Meredith a shadowy version of the rumbustious Rhett Butler. The latter has become part of American 1 oik-loro; the same immortality is unlikely to be the lot of Meredith, although he manages to become a Do-Gooder in the end.

Meredith—Captain Rebel—was not was only a Rebel, he was a rebel against the Rebels. Although he was Southern Gentleman born, had been educated in the North, was a S n^ 1C c to ., boot ’ and did not believe that Southern culture would win out in the end against the superior arms and numbers of the Northerners In tms he differed absolutely from his friends who fought and died for the Cause.

He became a blockade-runner for the Confederacy but arranged matters in such a way that should the wrong side win—and he thought this entirely probable—he would appear to have been doing a fine piece of fence-sitting.

Perhaps the success of his wa can be judged by the fact that h emerged from it with a considerabL fortune.

But if Meredith is a faint echi of Butler, Sue, the love of his life is no Scarlett O’Hara. The only re semblance between the two ladie is that, in the exigencies of war 90 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY (Continued from page 87) Americana, Southern Style

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But while Scarlett wore the reilts with insouciance and with a irpose (to charm something out Butler) with Sue it was just a ece of war-time austerity along lG lines of Mend and Make Do. [Published by Heinemann. Australian price, /-•) >r Four to Eight ears Old LTHOUGH for the first Christmas L for many years we have not had a new book from Colin mpson, the Simpson family is still presented in the season’s new reuses. Wife Claire Simpson, who is done a number of the drawings the Simpson books, has brought it a children’s book, both written id illustrated by herself.

The Walking House is a colourful, nciful story for four-to-eight-yeards. Production is to the very gh standard required for colour- ■inting of children’s books these iys. (Printed in the UK for Angus and Robertson, dney. Australian price, 10/6.) nother for mateur Sailors TUMBER 36 in the Mariners’

S Library (.The Voyage of the Tai-Mo-Shan, by Martyn Sherood) is an old friend from what arid likely be called more “spaciis days”—or at any rate, more juthful days, when sailing boats i long ocean voyages seemed more unantic than they do to yours truly i-day.

But probably even then —the book as first published in 1935 —some ; the charm of the story lay in le fact that the guy who writes it always spent the first two or three days after leaving port being violently seasick. It seemed that in this we probably had a lot in common.

Much history has been written since 1932, when five young Naval officers of the British China Squadron decided to sail their own boat back to England. They had her built in a Hongkong ship yard, and named her for the highest local mountain, which being translated means High Hat Hill. in May, 1933, they sailed out of Hongkong northeast to Japan and the Aleutians, east across the Bermg Sea to Canada, south down the west coast of North America, through the Panama and the West Indies and across the Atlantic home, The 16,000 miles journey took one year, much longer than was intended, due to the usual unforseen events attendant upon voyages of this sort.

As remarked earlier, a great deal of history has been written since Crossquiz Solution from page 89 91 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER,

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Cable Address: “Butterfly” •IBEX” BRAND. 3 —but the 'essentials of small p adventure remain the same, is unfortunate that the publishers this reprint edition do not now fit to cater to human curiosity, i tell us what has subsequently ppened to the five handsome mg Navy officers, jut perhaps better not. Those who ■vived the war no doubt are now ;y-bearded grandfathers. >ublished by Rupert Hart-Davies. Australian e, 15/6.) ephen Lister Sees rica Darkly LTHOUGH we have learned con- , siderable about the south of France—and French cooking— ir the years from Stephen Lister, • recent expedition into darkest rica can be regarded only as the aide for his latest story which s the unlikely title of Everything lelt Of Kippers.

Someone should have told the or fellow that they haven’t got evision in Johannesburg, certainly t in 1955 and not even to-day. you are the sort of reader who stens on these small faux pas you s likely to end off with the notion at the bloke hadn’t really been ere at all.

But we feel that he went there ight—or at least somewhere to e furthest most ends of the ipical Commonwealth —for in no aer way could he have encountered e many discomforts and perils lich he describes in the latest venture.

For sure, it could equally as well ve been outback Australia, or the V Pacific islands—we could deribe a dozen places where the dismforts are similar—but wherever was, he indubitably suffered.

To visit Beaky, an old schooliend, and ex-Empire Builder, ster journeys to a small island : the East Coast of Africa, where has set up a colony to save e world from its evil ways.

To sustain his colonists, he prodes canned kippers and a local riety of lolly-water, and Lister is en more put out and concerned ith the variety and quality of this od, than he is with the ill-assorted t of characters who go with the ace.

There is Zara, Beaky’s Central iropean mistress whose pregnancy dly becomes more pronounced; the (loured lawyer from Sierra Leone; te English missionaries; and a indu or two.

Lister’s efforts to clear the place ‘ both its kippers and its colonists id to turn it into a big-game shing resort border, at times, on ap-stick—to a greater degree than lything that came out of Sainte [onique. But there is sufficient of le writer’s sour wit to allow the ling to be swallowed without unle effort.

Like all Lister’s books, it is better read on an empty stomach as at the drop of a hat he will go off into long dissentations about food— and the correct wines to go with it.

Books like this would be a hell of a thing to read 500 miles up the Fly River, when there are only two withered yams and a tin of luncheon beef in the tucker bag. The only defence you would have would be to find (as dear Steve most assuredly would) that the fourth wife of the local headman had a witching way of turning swamp worms and taro roots into a fricassee that was simply delicious. (Published by Peter Davies. Australian price, 17/-.) Xmas is Coming AMONG the first of the Christmas gift books (they usually arrive too late in this country) is A String of Blue Beads —described as a modern parable— by the late Fulton Oursler.

Oursler was one of the editors of Readers’ Digest before his death in 1952 and has written many popular books of a religious nature.

This sort of writing is more popular in America than in Australasia: but the small book under review would make a suitable gift in keeping with the sentiments of the Christmas season. (Published by World's Work. Australian price, 6/3.) (Over) 93 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER.

A COMPLETE A IN EVERY BOTTLE! 0 □ II A 0 0 U DON’T SAY GIN . . . SAY

The International

FAVOURITE 3919 They looked for the Fly River in 1875 EIGHTY-TWO years ago (ii J 875) a notable Australian, Si William Macleay—who was ; rich sheepfarmer by occupatior and a distinguished scientist n inclination—led Australia’s firs scientific expedition to Nei Guinea.

By most standards, it was not i very successful enterprise. Th 300-tons barque Chevert, whicl carried Macleay and a large com pany, had a troublesome tim among the uncharted reefs an< unpredictable currents of the Torre Strait islands.

The expedition actually reachei the New Guinea coast at only tw< places—the mouth of the Katai River, westwards of the Fly River m Southwest Papua; and at Hal Sound, that sheltered anchoragi between Yule Island and the Papuf coast, which powerful aluminum interests now are about to conven into a deepwater port, Macleay and his team collected especially among the Torres Islands, a great many specimens ol hitherto unknown botanical, insecl and mammal life—and in thal respect justified their effort. Bui they also received, from the incredible mosquitoes of the Papuan Gulf swamps, an amount ol malarial infection that crippled their bodies and broke their resolution.

When they found that they had so badly miscalculated the South New Guinea monsoonal season that they could not venture deep into the Gulf of Papua, to confirm or otherwise dispose of a report that a great river emptied into the sea thereabouts (they were looking for the mouth of the Fly) they folded their topsails and hastened back to the Australian mainland. The expedition lasted only 4 months.

There were a good many missionaries in and around the Torres Islands in 1875, and some of these gentlemen circulated reports about the blundering ineffectiveness of the Macleay expedition.

From his isolated station on Yule Island, the famous Italian explorer, L. M. d’Albertis, watched the Chevert party’s activities in Hall Sound; and in 1881 he wrote “Notwithstanding the great preparations made for his expedition, and the large number of men he has on board, Mr. Macleay has done very little”.

In A Squatter Went to Sea, a University of Sydney archivist, David Macmillan, has undertaken the task of defending Macleay against what he calls “the campaign of belittlement and denigration”; and he has done his best in a well-written book of considerable literary quality. But, after reading the lively story, one somehow is 94 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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15 WEIGHT 12 ° z P *OAR£D IN austbai f or ice cream and dll dcsserfs! ■for fruit" Jk So creamy If ivhips —J usf like AVAILABLE IN 6-oz. and large ECONOMY 12-oz. TINS for all your docking if it’s In cstlc s it’s cmnd ... very good! ; with the impression that, dng met the treacherous currents Forres Strait and the exceedingly hy fevers of “the Dark Island”, cleay and his earnest band of mtists had very little stomach ; for further New Guinea ventures. , lowever, the book is a valuable itribution to Islands literature, provides an authentic chapter the all-too-insufficient history of mts in and around New Guinea or, to the colonising efforts of rmany, Britain and the Auslian States, in the ’Eighties. iblished by Carrowong Press. Our copy i Angus and Robertson, Sydney. Australian e, 27/6.) Readable Book on e Pacific Problem VER since it was first found there were people living in the Pacific, there have been debates going as to how they got there. The jument is by no means settled ;, but anyone who wants to dive ht into it and come up well in- ■med, could not do better than ; hold of Andrew Sharp’s Ancient yagers In the Pacific —the new lican edition of the book, which s first published in 1956 by the lynesian Society. ;t would hardly be doing Mr. arp justice to say that the most luable part of his book is the nderful index and bibliography, t undoubtedly for many readers sse sections will be well worth the 5 asked for the book. They will thumbed over long after Mr. arp’s own theories have been read ith interest) and digested. The jliography gives the student of cific matters a fine springboard :o further studies.

The old argument that the rther islands were peopled by deaerate colonising voyages by the tive people does not impress him. ; points out, among other things, at this argument depends on the rly colonisers having a knowledge navigation and geography that ey certainly didn’t have when the iropeans first contacted them.

And if they had had it, how did ey lose it?

Mr. Sharp offers a wealth of inrmaticn in support of the theory at any colonising was done by cidental voyagers over centuries— en blown away, or attempting to t somewhere and ending someace else.

He supplies plenty of information bich seems to indicate that the rly navigators were not quite a§ ever as they have been credited r later generations. Much of this formation comes from people like aptain Cook, who had firsthand :perience with the Pacific people sfore European contact confused any of the facts with theories. (Published by Penguin Books. Australian ice, 5/6.) Seduction, French Style IF you have never heard of French writer Colette, except in vaguest terms, you are in good company.

That goes for your reviewer, too.

However, you can remedy the fault with an English translation of a confection called Mitsou, and, for somewhat under £1 find out about the particular French art form pursued by this writer.

The theme is a piece of co-operative seduction between a music hall actress and an Army officer on leave in Paris during the First World War. The first portion of the story is written in dialogue; towards the end it is carried along by an exchange of letters. And here and there it is interspersed by straight narrative.

The seduction scene—or more accurately the co-operation scene— might be regarded as a triumph of art over pornography. (Published by Seeker and Warburg. Australian price, 13/3.) t USS Wahoo arrived Papeete, from Honolulu, November 22. This vessel is one of the newer type of submarine and is engaged on a training cruise to testing new equipment.

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Telegrams: “FERREOUS”, Sydney Telephone: JF 1215 96 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

MUNGO scon PTY. LTD Established 1894 AUSTRALIAN oc UJ SYDNEY AUSTRALIA

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Oldest Inhabitants Can Be Young

One of the most exclusive old-schoolmates’ associations in the world is about to lose another of its foundation members to retirement Down South. He is Hallen Evans, who retires this month after 23 years’ service with the New Guinea Administration and after 36 years in the Territory. iECAUSE of the peculiar history )of the Trusteeship (ex-Mandated) Territory of New Guinea, e does not have to be particularly ig in the tooth to be reckoned longst its oldest inhabitants and ; clutch of small children who ended the Rabaul European mol when it first opened in 1922, d who have remained on in the rritory, can now count themselves this category. ► Amongst the youngsters who nt to that school with young Hal ms were Marjorie Hawnt (now s. Charlie Blake), and her brother mund —both of whom are still in w Guinea (as is their mother, s. Jessie Rawnt); young Tom ts, now an ADO somewhere in ' Sepik District; and Eva and rma Cassell — Norma, now Mrs. rry Starr, of Lae, and Eva also rried and in business in Lae.

Vhen Mr. H. Beilby Evans, chief ;ountant with the Expropriation ard, took his family to live in haul, in 1921, there were no more n half-a-dozen Australian men living there, and not many re white children. Like most Ex- > Board men of those days, Evans, r., soon was out on his own, nting and trading in Bougaine and here young Hal joined him m school in Australia somewhat lier than anticipated. By then Depression was upon the tropical rid and copra was not worth ting. tal Evans learnt his planting the •d way and by the time he was was overseer and recruiter for ?enhafen Plantations Ltd. This ipany had been set up in the ly 30’s in the first flush of a ee enthusiasm that antedated present Territory boom by 20 rs. Land was acquired from the J C. I. H. Campbell in the high ntry behind Raua, about 25 miles th of Buka Passage, but for some son—probably the wrong type coffee was planted—the venture ed and the company went into lidation in the mid-thirties. •y that time Hal Evans had joined ministration (1934) ; he became a ;ive Labour Officer and later In- Dreter in the Supreme Court, a he had during the famous Schmidt-King trials of the midthirties. He was an expert in Pidgin; and understood two native dialects.

He married Miss Linda Henry in 1939 (there are three children, Patty, Lynne and Hallen, Jr.), and he was in Madang when war broke out. He served with the NGVR, was invalided out, spent some years in New Zealand and returned to the Territory in 1945 as part of Civil Administration, Salamaua.

In February, 1946, Civil Administration was extended north of the Markham and later that year Evans went to Madang, to become one of the new regime’s newest creations —District Labour Officer.

The District Labour Office ceased to function in 1951 and he went to an even newer branch of Administrat i o n endeavour —Native Cooperatives. As Co-Operatives Officer for New Ireland he was able to put to good use the talents he had acquired in the hard early years in Bougainville—particularly his knowledge of the native villager.

It was a period of boom for NI native co-operatives, but that they got from low gear to high so smoothly is a feather in the cap of the man in charge of them. As an old Territorian he appreciated the early European prejudice against the movement, but commonsense handling broke most of it down. He was a man who believed in what he was attempting to do —at the same time realising the limitations of the native people whom he was there to serve.

Hal Evans, a very old hand by his middle years, has gone to a sort of bus-man’s retirement in Sydney— he has. joined Ventura Trading Company, which has New Guinea and other Islands connections —and New Guinea will probably be seeing him again. But now, for the first time since 1921, he will be on the outside, looking in—looking in at a New Guinea that has little resemblance to the sleepy German Territory the Australians took over from the League of Nations 36 years ago.

His first 1921 impression of Rabaul concerned the Chinese labourers in their coolie clothes and hats who went to the ship to collect laundry. Another vivid picture is of the port doctor going out to the ship, 97 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Everything was done Navy fashion.

Rabaul, to a youngster’s eyes was a fine sight, with the dozens of immaculate white-painted schooners and ketches at anchor. Types 0.ship rare in NG these days.

To-day’s Burnt Wharf—the old relic near the swimming-pool that survived the Jap occupation—was then Main Wharf. Main became Burnt in 1923, and the whole town turned out to see the conflagration.

There was virtually no motor traffic in Rabaul then, but the Germans had constructed rail lines leading from the wharf to the three main stores—the German New Guinea Co. store, Burns Philp’s, Hernsheims at Matupi Farm (where Bird-of-Paradise skins, with their plumes, were on sale) —and up Namanula Rd. to the native prison at the foot of the hill.

Goods from the wharves were pushed along the lines in trucks by calaboose labour.

Native Co-operatives did not come into the German scheme of things —so probably it is a fitting commentary on the change that overtook the Territory in 36 years that Hal Evans ended his career in the Territory teaching the natives to run their own businesses.

One of his most cherished possessions is a letter from the late Sir Beaumont Phillips, Judge of the Territory High Court, written in June, 1937. “Monty” Phillips had been in charge of affairs after the Rabaul eruptions; Evans was one of a small party of men entrusted with cleaning up the town after the evacuation. Phillips wrote (in part): “You rose to the occasion magnificently and notwithstanding your youthful years, carried oul your special duties with the coolness and expertness of an old hand.” 98 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

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(Corner of O'Connell & Pitt Sts.) Telephone BL 5071 (6 lines). Telegrams & Cables: CHASULL, Sydney C. SULLIVAN (Queensland) PTY. LTD. 318 ADELAIDE STREET, BRISBANE Telephone B 4958. Telegrams & Cables: CHASULL, Brisbane C. SULLIVAN (N.Z.) LTD. 20-22 SWANSON STREET, AUCKLAND Telephone 43-307. Telegrams & Cables: CHASULL, Auckland Exporters catering to South Pacific Areas with branch offices in Fiji and New Guinea ow, Might Be a Good Time for a Review of P-NG Radio Set-Up The Australian Broadcasting Commission’s Papua-New Guinea listeners were hoping out loud in November for a reshuffle of programmes on the Territory station. ► EASON was the arrival in Port * Moresby of radio and TV personality Douglas Channell, io took over as the ABC’s rritory manager. Mr. H. S. ►ary, who has completed a four ir term in the Territory, will urn to the ABC’s head office in dney, Opinion is that because of Mr. annell’s fairly recent connection ;h the microphone side of radio, has been selected as the man to t more zip into Territory ►grammes. klaybe Mr. Channell will be the n, but he was not selected for ; New Guinea post with that end mind. The ABC is not disisfied with its New Guinea vice, and it has no plans at the ment to do anything about its md programmes.

Nevertheless, this should be as >d a time as any to take a look them, and at the broadcasting dtion generally, ERRITORY listeners have always been critical of the ABC’s Territory operations. ?his has not been so much a lection on the ABC as an ication of the difficult job the amission has in the Territory, has the broadcasting monopoly, i with it the impossible task of empting to please all of the eners all of the time, t has the added burden of lowing a policy aimed at assisting development of the Territory lerally. And of course what any mtry needs is not always what wants. ‘rogrammes like the native iple’s sessions and the children’s sions are intelligent, praiserthy and necessary, yet in the w of many irate listeners they ;e too large a slice of time which ers are entitled to share in. lews sessions are vital, but ause of the technical problems reception in some of the outlying as, the same bulletins are rented —to the annoyance of the ny listeners who have already ird them.

'here have been moves by private srests to start an opposition imercial station in the Territory, t private applications have been :ouraged, and consequently have got anywhere, because of official rs that there would be little itrol over the type of material adcast to the native people, ’here has been constant agitai particularly in Rabaul, for a new station that would service New Britain and the surrounding islands —any station, even another ABC station so long as it broadcast local news and announcements.

WHETHER or not the demand for a greater radio coverage is justified, the demand is certainly not going to grow any less. If the ABC is going to continue with its monopoly broadcast it will have to take this public attitude into account.

What can it do to please more of the listeners?

A separate transmitter on the New Guinea side, either at Lae or Rabaul, would give a choice of programmes, even if it broadcast little else but music.

Failing that (and with the ABC’s budget these days being eaten up by the high cost of TV, a new station is probably unlikely) it could do something about altering the programmes.

A survey is needed to establish what most Territory people want and when they want it. Territory 99 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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Nobody expects the ABC to cater r the lowest common denominar, but a programme could be >rked out that is more of a Election of what Territory listeners int. [?]itish Gov’t is Fiji Radio’s Santa Claus lIRST glance at the accounts of the Fiji Broadcasting Commission for the year 1956 (just nted and distributed) makes it pear that this great public lenity is costing the Colony about 1,000 per annum.

'.n 1956, its earned revenues were proximately £25,000, and the cost running the organisation a little ;r £40,000. When the Governnt’s grant of £31,000 for 1956 is ►ught into account, the deficiency tviped out, and there is a surplus £8,860. Apparent cost to Governnt, £23,000. lowever, the picture is better than it. The Government collected ir £20,000 in radio license fees — the total net cost of the broadting system was about £1,500. A at service for practically nothing! actually, Fiji would be making ►fits out of the broadcasting tern if people in Fiji would only r their radio fees. It was calcusd (from import figures) that at end of 1956 there were some )00 receiving sets functioning, but y 16,452 were registered. If the er 6,000 users had paid up, the rernment would have had some )00 more revenue.

'hat, doubtless, explains the “unistered radio hunt” that has been progress in Fiji in recent months, ’he Commission’s assets are ued at £121,000 —and funds for le have been provided since 1953 free grants, totalling £95,000, m the Colonial Development id and the Government of Fiji, I in some small loans, mostly n the Government.

NG Officer’s Move gainst Polio Outbreak POLIO outbreak among natives in the Wewak area of New Guinea caused the Administrai to declare war in November. : ordered measures designed to vent natives moving from the a, and thus spreading the lemic, and flew in Salk vaccine ugh to vaccinate thousands of ives in surrounding villages.

We may have to vaccinate ■e,” said Health Director Dr. r Scragg. “By ringing the area hope the disease will burn itself there.”

RAIN BY THE YARD Lae Runs Up New Records r[E drought really broke in Lae, New Guinea, this year—over 17 feet of rain had fallen in the January-November period.

The 206 inches recorded to November 15, was the highest recording since records have been kept (1946).

But despite so much rain people are now carting water for domestic use from the town supply because their tanks are empty.

Average rainfall for Lae has been worked out at 177 inches, but due to last year’s low recording the average fell to 164 inches. After this year’s record, the average will go back to the previous average.

August’s rain this year was 3,399 points, a record for that month; it caused severe damage to the town.

The bridge approach of the Butibum River was washed away, a landslide occured on Mount Lunaman which flattened an unoccupied house, and there were many washaways.

Following is registered rainfall (m points) for 1957: January, 999; February, 209; March, 1,317; April, 1.665; May, 3,308; June, 2,460; July, 2,117; August, 3,399; September, 2,401; October, 2,620; November (15th) 187-points.

Lae’s record “low” rainfall happened last year—l 22 inches. 101 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Operation Complete

100,000 NG Moths and Bugs for Canada WORK done in Papua-New Guinea by two Canadian Entomologists during the last four months may hold more immediate interest for Australia than for Canada, but in supporting the project, the Canadian Government has shown its willingness to foster research of broad international application.

The two men, Dr. E. G. Munroe and Mr. G. P. Holland, have collected some hundreds of thousands of insects and moths of certain groups which will be added to the Canadian National Collection. The trip has also given Mr. Holland an opportunity to study the types of fleas associated with native mammals such as ’possums, cus cus, wild rats and ecidnas, the study of which is Mr. Holland’s pet hobby. ( PIM , October, page 24).

If the idea of big, strong men sitting up nights to catch moths sounds silly, the idea would soon be dispelled by Mr. Holland, who explains that of all forms of life on the earth, insects are the most numerous, both as to individuals and to species; that over one million kinds are already recognised by entomologists, and new species are being found every day; moreover, as some of the species are harmful while others are beneficial, it is economically as well as scientifically important to be able to distinguish the various kinds.

Having completed the expedition, Dr. Munroe has proceeded to Bangkok, where he will represent his Department at the Ninth Pacific Science Congress. Mr. Holland wil return directly to Canada.

The collections, packed in 18 largi crates, will be despatched to Nortl America on the Thorsisle. t M. Renaud Sivan, French Am bassador to Australia, visited Papua' New Guinea in October. 102 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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A CESSNA light aircraft, especial ally hired for the occasion, took the Countess of Suffolk and Berkshire on a seven-day tour of Papua-New Guinea in November.

The Countess, who spends most of her time travelling, reached Australia from England by air on November 5 with her secretarychauffeur; drove to Brisbane in a hired car, flew to Cairns, then hired a Cessna and pilot for flights around the Barrier Reef, and on to Thursday Island and Port Moresby.

In her whirlwind Territory tour, the Countess had the Cessna put down in most places, including Menyamya, in the Kukukuku country, and Mount Hagen in the western highlands.

On the way back to Australia (where she planned another tour before going on to New Zealand), she commented: “It was most interesting.” t Queen Salote Tubou, of Tonga, has been invited to attend Festival Week celebrations at Dunedin, NZ, in January. The Queen has lately been holidaying at her Auckland residence. t Mr. and Mrs. D. W. Barber left Auckland per Matua in November.

Mr. Barber will join the staff, Bank of NZ, Suva.

EW GUINEA MAN BECOMES A NAVY PILOT: Lieutenant John Robert Franklin of Wau, Guinea (where his parents still live), who uated as a Fleet Air Arm pilot of the I Australian Navy received his wings at RAAF Station at Point Cook, Victoria, on mber 13, where he had completed his g training. He is shown here being con- [?]lated by Air-Commodore W. H. Garing. imediately he graduated he was comoned as a Sub-Lieutenant in the RAN. All pilots are officers, b - Lieutenant Franklin recently did a -weeks officers' course at Flinders Naval t in Victoria. He will now go to the I Air Station at Nowra (NSW) for a high [?]de selection test, and in January will [?] a jet conversion course there, ter completing these he will be sent to United Kingdom for his fighter operational g course. On his return to Australia he undergo night flying training before he ent to an aircraft carrier to join a Fleet Arm Squadron. b-Lieutenant Franklin entered the Royal ralian Navy in June, 1956, for training pilot. 103 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Administration schools, the ssion schools have 10,000. The ministration quite properly :ognises this Mission work by inting the Missions anything up £lOO,OOO per annum for exiditure on education alone, rhe Missions are quite sure that ;y are entitled to all that, and ire.

ND it is at this point that the . Administration comes up against the greatest disability the Christian Mission system of ication in Papua and New inea. rhere are now no less than 37 ferent Missions operating in pua and New Guinea. The age schools they provide and >port are divided among about or eight major Mission controls, i a large number (no one seems know how many) minor Mission itrols.

Commentators are not concerned h the religious side. It is a nifest absurdity, nevertheless, it a primitive people like the New ineans should be presented with many interpretations of the spels.

But we all are concerned with the primary education systems provided by the Missions. They vary widely each of the major Missions, in the last 50 years, has developed what it considers the most effective methods of instructing the village children. None is prepared to abandon methods which have been conscientiously and often painfully evolved.

It is becoming apparent that, in the field of P-NG primary education, what is (or should be* the irresistible force (the determination of the Australian Administration authority to deal with the problem of introducing primary education to the children of 11 million people, who speak 500 separate languages) has come up against the immovable object (the refusal of the Mission to surrender their 2,700 village schools to the effective co-ordinative control of the Administration).

Fiji Embezzlement rpHE European community of Fiji I was painfully shocked in October, when it was learned that George Arnold McEwan, aged 44, a well known official, had been arrested in New Zealand and brought back to Suva, and charged with fraud and embezzlement of substantial funds from Fijian Affairs Board, where he had been inspector and accountant since 1952. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced on November 13 to two years’ imprisonment, McEwan was torn in Fiji, and has a wife and four children. After service in Wond War 11, he tried to establish a pig-raising business, but failed and went bankrupt. He became financially embarrassed by trying to pay £l5 per week off this debt. 105 iCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957 The Islands Education Battle (Continued from page 55)

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Cables: "Ivan”, Sydney.

Cocos Is. May Yield Some Treasure IF recent investigations prove fruitful, Costa Rica’s Cocos Island in the extreme eastern Pacific, famed for the gold hoard of Lima which it has failed to give up to the numerous searching expeditions, may yet yield treasure of another sort—for Pacific mariners.

The US Coastguard has been investigating the island as a site for a radio Loran (long range navigation) station to provide coverage for the approaches to the Panama Canal.

Loran stations work in pairs, spaced not more than 600 miles apart, and they provide an accurate “fix” of the position of ship or aircraft, completely independent of any celestial navigation, at ranges of up to 700 miles by day and 1,400 miles by night.

A network of such stations extends across the North Pacific to Japan at present, and a similar net extended down to Samoa and Fiji during the war, and would no doubt still be serving mariners if the Americans had not been shooed away from the three southern stations at Makin (Gilberts), Funafuti (Ellice Is.) and Atafu (Tokelaus).

After the Americans departed from Atafu and Funafuti the stations, complete with all equipment, lay rusting for years. Atafu was eventually dismantled by the NZ Government in 1951 when it was purchased from the United States. Funafuti’s valuable equipment still sat mouldering at a later date and its ultimate fate is unknown. Makin was manned for longer than the other stations, and the equipment the may have been removed by t] Americans when they departed. t Mr. L. Tepuleai, returning Samoa from Auckland in Novemb was farewelled aboard Matua Mrs. A. G. Dean and Mrs. L. Mil both well known in Apia. 106 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Millers Limited

Suva and Lautoka, Fiji.

G.P.O. Box 296, Suva—Cables: “LUMBA”, Suva

Shipwrights And Sailmakers

Engineers And Boilermakers

Motor Dealers And Mechanics

Hardware Merchants

Joinery And Furniture Manufacturers

Timber Merchants

Building Contractors

PLUMBERS No job is too big nor too small for us to tackle

A Keen Price And First-Class Workmanship

GUARANTEED Sole Distributors for: — Vauxhall Cars Bedford Trucks Chevrolet Cars Rover Cars Land Rovers Frigidaire Refrigerators Johnson Outboard Motors Firestone Tyres Vesta Batteries Allis Chalmers Tractors Priestman Excavators Galion Graders Broomwade Compressors Ruston & Hornsby Engines Hoover Appliances B.A.L.M. Paints G.E.C. Radios S.K.F. Ball Bearings [?]eep Harbour Project For Samoa rVESTIGATIONS into the proposal to make a deep water harbour at Apia, Western Samoa, ; proceeding. On October 23, Mr. lliam E. Reed, chairman of a mp of British engineering comnies, arrived in Apia for isultations. has not a harbour for over- ,s ships. They anchor out between 3 dangerous reefs and unloading i loading is consequently slowed vn. >ome time ago an American npany became interested in Iding a harbour and it was ;gested that they should recoup ;ir outlay by collecting the dues a long period. Apparently :hing more has come of this idea.

Ar. Reed was shown over the dous sites under consideration by ! Government, and had a meeting h the Port Advisory Committee explain his views on the proposed ieme. the preliminary investigation ire not been finalised, the disision was in general terms, but . Reed stated that the firm which represents (Reed Construction Idings Ltd.) are interested in idering for the proposed harbour istruction and are willing to lertake the necessary investigates.

Under the terms of this lease, he is obliged to take out 50 million feet of hardwoods within the next ten years; and he may also take out, at his own choice, another 30 million feet of what is called “optional” species—mostly softwoods. There is an estimated 9 or 10 million feet of walnut and rosewood in sight.

All this calls for large, new equipment. Mr. Flower is putting in what he calls an immunisation plant, through which he can treat certain timbers so that they are free from borers. He has bought three D 7 Tractors from the Oil Company, giving him 8 tractors: and he has got the steam plant from Sapphire Creek. But the Sapphire leases have been taken over by the Zinc Corporation, which is carrying out a far-reaching investigation in this area.

In August, Mr. Flower’s outfit was selling between 50 and 60 thousand board feet per month —practically all for the Port Moresby market— and production was steadily increasing. + An RAF Shackleton bomber from Christmas Island carrying Air Vice- Marshal Oulton and three senior staff officers, called at Rarotonga on November 13.

TSS S ibaj ak, of Rotterdam, arrived Papeete November 23 to take on water. This vessel is taking Dutch immigrants to New Zealand via Panama.

Timber Enterprise Grows in Papua Y the end of this year, with three large sawmills operating, Mr. Tom Flower becomes the gest private timber producer in Dua and New Guinea. He poses to float his business into )üblic company shortly; and, on business in sight, and on the n and his record, it should be ractive to Territory investors.

Ir. Flower always had faith in P-NG timber industry; but for ong time other people did not, i he had a hard battle in the rs immediately following the It was not made any easier high officialdom’s hostility to 3 form of private enterprise— re seemed to be a little group ong the bureaucrats who wanted keep all the forests and sawmills the Administration. [owever, Canberra somehow ,nged the quality of its thinking the last couple of years, and pate enterprise came into favour, 'om Flower already was doing y well with his mill at Seven e, outside Port Moresby, when finally secured the Brown River iber leases; and his horizon reupon widened considerably. 107 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

Cost of packing and transport to wharf depends on the number and size of counters required. A quotation for packing will be submitted promptly upor> request. iH This Modern Display Counter will Help to Sell More Goods in YOUR Store! (and it's specially built for Export) As smart as those in leading Australian City stores, and built by a firm that has been making fine store and office fittings for over forty years.

Another view of the “Brahol”

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BRIEF SPECIFICATIONS: Moreover, it is specially built for export, so that it can be readily securely packed, and assembled by anyone, from simple directions, in an hour, with no tools other than a screwdriver. Retailers all over the world have learned the selling value of modern display equipment, and this “silent salesman” will soon pay for itself in increased sales.

To help you get an accurate picture of the “Brahol” Special Export Glass Counter Case, here are the main specifications; Overall size Is 4 ft.. 6 ft., or 8 ft long x 1 ft. 9 In. deep x 3 ft. 3 in. high.

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Makers of Fine Store and Office Fittings for over forty years.

There Is a pair of solid core sliding doors, and one glass shelf. 14 Inches wide, on adjustable nickel-plated brackets.

Storage space below Is 11 Inches high.

The plate glass front Is 22 inches high.

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Telephone: FA 4121 Cable and Telegraphic Address: Braho) 108 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Abilisation Fund

Fiji Cane-Growers and £F2 Millions ISCUSSION of the purpose and future of Fiji’s Sugar Stabilisation Fund, now £2,000,000 Fijian 4 million Australian), has caused sharp rift between the Covenant and the cane-grower organtions.

'or some time, the growers have n demanding that the Fund be □ersed to them; but the Covenant has declined to take any ion which could have an adverse ict on the industry. ’he fund was established to hion the industry against a fall the price of sugar, and has been It up from a tax levied upon duction.

Tae Government has made a nber of proposals to cane-growand to the Colonial Sugar Reng Co. Ltd., and has held exratory discussions with them, ts main plan is that the fund reduced to £1,000,000, to be built k to its present total, in five rs, from contributions, at the late of 25/- a ton on all raw sugar exported. (Both growers of cane and miners contribute to the 25/-. The final price paid to growers for any year’s cane takes into consideration the pioportional contribution they must make to the Stabilisation Fund. As it is estimated that 60% of the proceeds of Fiji sugar export income goes to the growers, and as a Little over 7 tons of cane go to one ton of sugar, the growers probably contribute around 2/- per ton of cane produced, to the Stabilisation Fund.) With the £1,000,000 thus subtracted from the Stabilisation Fund, the Government proposes to establish a Sugar Industry Capital Development Fund for millers and growers, who will be eligible to receive outright payments for capital uses.

When the Stabilisation Fund again reaches £2,000,000, loans may be made to growers and millers for approved projects, such as housing, fencing, machinery, water supplies, etc.

Argumentative Nat Chalmers, president of the Fiji Kisan Sangh (a large organisation of Indian canegrowers in the northwest of Viti Levu), wants the Government to introduce legislation to declare- that the Stabilisation Fund belongs absolutely to the sugar industry, and that any distribution should be dealt with entirely by the industry.

He does not want any control to be exercised by Governmentappointed boards. He said that such controls could be futile, because the boards could be totally ignorant of the many difficult and important problems facing the industry.

After preliminary skirmishing, at a meeting with CSR and Government representatives, the growers’ representatives went back to their organisations for further instructions.

It is hoped that the growers will 109 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

HEAD OFFICE QUAI DU COMMERCE PAPEETE.

Telegraphic Address: “DONALD, PAPEETE”.

General Merchants (Wholesale Cr Retail) Cr Shipowners Importers Cr Exporters Branches Throughout the Marquesas Islands ASSOCIATE HOUSES: A. B Donald. Ltd., Auckland, N.Z.; A. B. Donald, Ltd..

Rarotonga, Cook Is.; Dominion Fruit Co.. Suva, Fiji.

Lloyd’s Agents.

Booking and Handling Agents for Tasman Empire Airways. Ltd.

Agents and Distributors for: FRANCE; Hennessy Cognacs; Marie Brizard & Roger Liqueurs; Charles Hiedsieck Champagnes: Gruber Beer.

NEW ZEALAND; Vacuum Oil Co. (N.Z.), Ltd., Petroleum Products.

SWEDEN: Hjorth & Co., Primus Stoves: Elektrolux Refrigerators & Motors.

GERMANY: Breckwoldt & Co., Hamburg; Beck’s Beer, Bremen.

Sydney Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., LTD. San Francisco Agents: BURNS- PHILP CO. OP SAN FRANCISCO, INC. London Agents; BURNS, PHILP & CO LTD. Agents In France: HARTH & CIE, PARIS; A. BICKART, MARSEILLES.

U.S.A.: General Steamship Corp.; Radio Corp. of America; Brown & Williamson, Ltd.; Cigarettes: Lucky Strike, Wings; Champion Spark Plug Co.; Steelcote Paints & Lacquers; Remington Rand Inc.

ENGLAND: Reckitt & Coleman (Overseas), Ltd.; Hercules Bicycles; The Bank Line, Ltd.; The Shaw Savlll & Albion Company, Ltd.

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MANUFACTURING CO. LTD. 90 O'Riordan Street, Alexandria, N.S.W. recognise that it is not feasible to distribute the money in the Stabilisation Fund without serious dislocation of the industry.

THE fund is an insurance against possible bad times if Fiji has difficulty, under world-market conditions, in selling her sugar. A big fall in prices could have a disastrous effect on the economy of the Colony, which is already suffering from a series of adverse trade balances.

Under the Government’s plan, cane-farmers will be able to borrow from the fund for necessary capital expenditure. The amount they now are paying into the fund is like taking out an insurance policy, and wise farmers may yet see this.

But persons of moderate views admit there is much to be said in favour of Mr. Chalmers’ suggestion that distribution be controlled by the industry itself, for there is now too much Government control.

Perhaps a better suggestion would have been that control should be in the hands of responsible growers and the CSR, with reasonable safeguards against attempts to use the money without regard for the purpose for which the Fund was created —namely, Market Stabilisation. t The names of seven Cook Island students selected for scholarships for higher education in New Zealand, were announced early November. The four boys are Goldy Goldie and Richard Hewitt, of Aitutaki; Allan Tuara, of Mangaia; and Kato Tama, of Mitiaro. Thj girls are Joan Powell and Tang Fred, of Rarotonga; and Talon Henry of Aitutaki. They pledd themselves to return to the Cool Islands for at least two years 01 completion of their education. 110 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLI

Inquiries Are Invited

Concerning the Distribution and Sale of All Typ es of Merchandise in the Pacific Islands ★

We Are Australian Agents

MILLERS LTD., Fiji. 8.5.1. TRADING CORPORATION G. fr E.I.C. WHOLESALE SOCIETY, Tarawa MAX HALECK, Pago Pago, American Samoa Original Invoices Supplied. Quotations on Request. ★ MORRIS HEDSTROM (Aust.) Ply. Ltd.

Island Merchants

Wales House, 27 O'Connell St., Sydney. 80, No. »■*. 0.P.0.. Sydney. CM. Addre.,: •MOBSTBOM”. Sydney BANKERS: BANK OP NEW ZEALAND. SYDNEY. our World of Stamps—XVI

Stamps Issued To

Good Purpose

Conducted hy KN The International Youth Hostel isociation, which caters for the eds of young people travelling roughout Europe came in for some od postal publicity when West jrmany recently produced two imps. To raise funds for the ilntenance of the organisation the imps carried portraits of a boy d girl in symboliccal surrounds.

A. rose, a tape measure, and a ir of scissors were seen on a lent stamp from Switzerland, lis was on one of the stamps lebrating the “National Pete," d described as symbols of minine occupations.” Proceeds >m the sale of the issue was to gment the Swiss Women’s Fund.

Flowers on stamps are now being ;n frequently, Some are “permanent” stamps, lers have been printed to honour ral festivals or exhibitions. A 3rt while ago Luxemburg issued o stamps, portraying an anemone d crocus, to honour the Floral stival at Mondorf-les-Bains:.

Soon after other beautiful stamps peared, illustrating a yellow and. red rose for the Luxemburg Rose ir. \ collection of United Nations imps should give one a clear sight into the workings, hopes d activities of this world-agency, t only does UNO issue its own mps in America, but many mber countries have issues ated to UN occasions, events and ;cialised agencies. !n 1949, the work of the Intertional Children’s Emergency nd was publicised by Austria, ;h a stamp typifying a schoolboy, looming, with outstretched arms, dove, bringing hope and joy.

K new stamp from Canada commorated “Fire Prevention Week” picturing a small house comtely engulfed by flames, jriptions, in both English and ;nch, read “Prevent Fires.” little earlier the authorities in azil circuated a stamp showing fireman rescuing a child from burning building onto which a ond fireman was directing a se. The issue coincided with the itenary of the National Fire :anisation. ships as stamp subjects are full interest. Six of Holland’s Sumr charity values adopted the me, by illustrating most realisimpressions of a coaster, a wler, motor freighter and the [l-known William Barendsz and : Nieuw Amsterdam. ibout the same time, Israel struck ae “ship” stamps, bearing pictures of an ancient Judean ship, the S.S.

Nirith, a 341-ton ship built in 1945' the MS Shamrom, a modern 5 430 ton cargo steamer; the MS Zion, a 9,853 ton passenger and cargo ship, laid down in 1956.

The centenary of the National Forestry Organisation is to be commemorated by Turkey in November this year, adding to the many other “forestry” and “timber” stamps of the past. In 1948 the Norwegian Forestry Society observed the 50th anniversary of its foundation, by portraying Axel Heilberg, its founder.

Meanwhile, a red Lauan tree figured as subject for 2 Philippine stamps marking the 15th anniversary of the National Forestry Service, issued in 1950.

Youthful fencers in action appeared on two new stamps put out by Poland in celebration of the recent Youth Fencing Championships in that country.

In 1954 Luxembourg issued a stamp for the World Fencing Championships.

A short while ago Pakistan issued stamps in connection with Republic Day, when the inscriptions appeared not only in English, but were shown in the Urdu and Bengali languages, in use in the Republic. It is additionally interesting to recall that stamps from South Africa bear English nnd Afrikaans wording, and French and English appear on stamps from Canada. 111

I C I F I C Islands Monthly December, 1957

StPPEIT SWEET SOLERO J'&l fcvQAij OcccL&wn SEPPELTS WINES.... from all retail stores throughout the Pacific Islands.

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YOUR NEXT LEAVE Modern up to the minute homes between Dee Why and Palm Beach available to Island Residents for Holidays.

Write for information to: J. T. STAPLETON PTY. LTD., ESTATE AGENTS, 133 PITT STREET, SYDNEY.

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Walkers Limited have now established a small craft shipbuilding section and current orders include four dumb barges and two 150 H.P. pusher tugs for service in New Guinea for The Australasian Petroleum Company, and a mooring raft for the British Phosphate Commission in Nauru. 37 ships, including frigates, corvettes, tugs, dredges and cargo vessels have been constructed by this Company, and the facilities, experience and “know-how” gained on these vessels are now available to small craft users.

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P.O. BOX 211, MARYBOROUGH, QUEENSLAND. headed for Christmas Island, a contact was made, and an RAF ckleton patrol bomber flew to the ship and dropped medical supplies. Later, when nearer the island Glacier’s own Sikorsky helicopter hew the man off to the island’s airfield. From there an RAF jet bomber flew him to hospital at Pearl Harbour.

Cannibal-Sub Visits Pago

PAGO; On a round-about route to Japan from Pearl Harbour the US Navy’s submarine-hunting submarine USS Bream paid a visit to Pago Pago early November before continuing on to Auckland, where certain engine spare parts were airfreighted from Hawaii. The 312-ft craft, fitted with the latest electronic devices for hunting enemy submarines under water, was commanded by Lieutenant-Commander Roy B. Cowdrey.

To encourage recruitment to the US Navy it is policy for vessels to divert to places even well off the route, as selected by popular vote of the crews, for recreational calls.

Auckland appears to be well up on the list of “most-favoured” ports, and some of the (allegedly) more romantic islands are only “way ports” as the Americans say.

HOME IS THE SAILOR: A man known, though perhaps not always by name, to a great many people along the Union Steam Ship Co.’s Polynesian circuit, had his mortal remains—a container of ashes— scattered from Tofua somewhere along that route in November.

He was Stephen Courtney, late chief steward of that vessel. He had retired after 50 years at sea six weeks prior to his death in Auckland.

These Vessels Were

LINKED: Two vessels in the news in Fiji recently had, at different times, been owned by the same man—Captain Hugh Frewen, now living in Queensland. One was the 55-ft -O-Aotahi" in Papeete—see story page 122.

Photo: J. O'Donnell. 113 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957 Shipping Notes (Continued from page 47)

Books For P.I.M. Readers

FOREST TREES OF AUSTRALIA, published by Forestry and Timber Bureau. Th book illustrates the wide range of Forest and Tree species native to Australia, contains a general description of the forest vegetation and describes in detail natur occurrences and botanical characteristics of 82 individual species. Coloured plat and black and white illustrations. £2/2/-, postage 1/-.

ANARE—Australia’s Antarctic Outposts—(Phillip Law and John Bechervaise). Ei grossing story of the long-sustained Australian adventure in the Antarctic. Ful illustrated with 13 full-page colour photographs and 150 in half tone. £3, postage 2/ WILLIAM MORRIS HUGHES (W. Farmer Whyte). His Life and Times. Illustrate £2/10/-, postage 2/-. ' - ELIZA CALLAGHAN (Robert S. Close, author of Love Me Sailor). Magnificent nov based on the true story of the young girl who became the wife of John Batma founder of the City of Melbourne. 18/9, postage 1/3.

MAORI CARVING. Illustrated. (W. J. Phillips). Carving of the Maori peop represents the highest artistic achievement of a race on its long journey towar civilisation. Many beautiful plates. 9/6, postage 6d.

DELIGHTFUL CHRISTMAS GIFT for MUSIC LOVERS— I year’s subscription to TH CANON, 30/- posted.

WRITE FOR OUR CHRISTMAS LISTS.

Lists of New and Secondhand Books and Scientific Instruments Free.

N. H. SEWARD PTY. LTD. 457 BOURKE STREET, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA. MU 6129 Tcudnnano ifu'f'ti Ll \ m y y 7X TaJn^ warn G&Y# la rft ii jr rt *4 It * ham cl iMi ter' fin 1 jfhi Otc&Udt dnd tnaicfa & Sparkling Enamelised BUTEX resists sun and sea air. Leadfree!

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NEW GUINEA: NEW GUINEA CO. LTD. Kavieng, Rabaul, Kokopo, Madang, Lae PAPUA: STEAMSHIPS TRADING CO. LTD. Port Moresby and Samarai. clipper-bowed, ketch-rigged, twinscrew, motor-sailer Viking Ahoy, brought to Fiji some years ago by Captain Frewen under an arrangement with Rank Films to assist in the filming of Blue Lagoon, in the Yasawas.

A comfortable and attractive craft as a passenger cruiser, she was later exchanged, with a probable cash adjustment, for the 54-ft single screw clipper-bowed cargo-and-passenger vessel Melanesia, owned by the Seventh Day Adventist Mission.

Later still. Captain Frewen sold Melanesia to Mr. F. Cliffe, and he in turn recently sold her to Hurley’s Shipping Agency of Suva. Lately, Viking Ahoy was advertised in Fiji at £7,000 by the mission, and at about the same time Melanesia, under her new ownership, was in trouble, having gone ashore on a Fiji reef with a specially chartered party of holiday-makers aboard. She was later got off and returned to Suva, apparently little the worse.

Viking Ahoy was built in Queensland for Mr. G. H. Griffiths, of Toowoomba Foundry, manufacturers of the Southern Cross diesels. Disposing of her, he built a larger version, the 74-ft Coongoola, in ■which he then sailed round the world before selling to Mr. N. W.

Thomas, of Wellington, NZ. Melanesia was built by W. M. Ford, of Berry’s Bay, Sydney, in 1917.

SKIPPER WANTED FOR NG: The Australian Lutheran Mission at Umboi Island, off the coast of New Britain, wants a skipper for its vessel Umhoi 11.

The vessel plies between Umboi, Finschhafen and Lae, where it unloads copra and picks up supplies, making the trip every few weeks.

It is a good regular sort of job for the right person, but not muc excitement: that is perhaps why tt men who have been brought froi South for the job do their teri and return to Australia.

WORTH READING: A year or j ago Andrew Sharp’s book Anciei Voyagers In the Pacific was mer tioned in this column. For those r< DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

One Man Cannot Handle Your Estate No matter how capable a private Executor may appear, you cannot expect him to spend most of his time looking after another person’s affairs. When he retires from business, he deserves unbroken leisure. His health may be poor, or he may plan to travel overseas.

Achievements in other directions are no recommendation; many successful businessmen know little or nothing about probate, taxation or property management. Executorship is far too important for beginners. It is a full-time responsibility that should be left to Burns Philp Trust Company Limited. “Hands That Never Leave The Wheel” will convince you of the necessity of making this appointment. This free booklet is available at any branch of Burns Philp (South Sea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Guinea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Limited, or from the Trust Company’s nearest office.

DIRECTORS: James Burns Joseph Mitchell P.T.W. Black Eric Priestley Lee MANAGER: L. S. Parker.

SECRETARY: E. R. Overton, F.A.S.A.

Burns Philp Trust

Company Limited

Executor • Trustee • Attorney Heod Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney.

Telegraphic Address: “BURNSTRUST”. Box 543, G.P.O.

Also Registered Offices at Melbourne, Brisbane, Port Moresby {Papua), and Vila (New Hebrides ). \HA?v IP the nt then to spend £1 there is good news. The book, un- [ged, has appeared as a Penissue at 3/6 Stg. For anyone ested in the ancient Polynesian ?ers and who has swallowed the )ted theories, hook, line and r, there is a wealth of wellnented evidence in this studiwork to support some new ies which place the Polynesian i navigator in rather less ourous light than here-to-fore. my student of navigation this fascinating book. (See bookivs, p. 84, this issue).

Aiming Scheme But

[NEES LAG; In August, the rovernment announced a useful ne for the elementary training avigators and engineers for d vessels, the trainees to be ders, part-islanders, or pereven Europeans domiciled in slands. Candidates who have r or more of secondary educatwo or more years of sea exice, and are sound physically •eceive preference. i scheme is to operate from February, and the cost per is estimated at £265 for the -months course, all inclusive, f of this is to be paid by the oring ship-owner or found by ainee, who must sign an agreeto return to work in Islands s for at least two years after ourse. He will receive a certishowing, in the case of a. navigator, that he has attained a standard equal to that set for foreign-going Second Mate’s ticket; and in the case of an engineer showing qualifications equal to the certificate of Engineer of a Local Motor Ship. The navigators will train at the Marine Department’s Wellington school, and the engineers will train at McKenzie’s Engineering Academy, Wellington.

Our information is that, to date there has been little enthusiasm for the scheme on the part of Cook Islands ship-owners: but whether or not they are enthusiastic, it might be an excellent way of ensuring shipping safety if the Government insists that at least skipper, mate and two engineers in every craft licensed to carry passengers be required to take the course or show equivalent qualifications. Otherwise some owners will be happy enough to peg along on the “pot luck” system.

Continuous Watch On

LOCAL FREQUENCY: Suva Post Office, which formerly maintained watch for R/T calls from local shipping only during regular business hours, now maintains continuous watch on 4073.9 kc/s. After hours, the watch is by loud-speaker installed at the telephone exchange.

Replies are made, as usual, on 4445 kc/s. At night there is considerable interference from overseas stations, not present in daytime. Radio conditions at night are also frequently such that signals from ship and Post Office may be much weaker BROTHERS MATHESON: Captain R. D. son (top) of "Kurimarau" handed over s brother, Captain D.K. Matheson (beat Suva in November and went south few months vacation.

Photos: J. P. Shortall.

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LISTING: DIESEL CARGO VESSEL, about 700 tons dwt.. Lloyds Special Survey just passed. Large hold, 2 hatches, 6 winches/derricks. Owners operating lucrative contract out of Australia, will sell both £50,000 Stg.

KETCH, 85 ft. x 22 ft., carry about 100 tons dwt., H.D. diesel aft, some passenger accommodation, large hatch/hold. copper sheathed, well maintained £lB,OOO.

NEAR NEW STEEL SCHOONER. 63 ft. x 16 ft. x 7 ft. 6 in., 100 h.p. diesel, well found. £22,000. Consider offer.

CARGO VESSEL, 50 ft. x 16 fo. x 4 ft. 6 in., twin diesels, accommodation aft, sheathed for £8,500.

RIVER TUG, 50 ft. x 12 ft. x 4 ft. 9 in.. 100 h.p. diesel, in survey and working £4,000.

WORKBOAT, 30 ft. x 12 ft. x 5 ft., 34 h.p. Ruston diesel. 2/1 reduction, good carrier with auxiliary sail. £2,500.

AUXILIARY SLOOP. 25 ft. x 9 ft. x 4 ft. 6 in., 4-cyl. Marine engine. £l,lOO.

The following new hulls are available for immediate delivery: 18 ft. open, 18 ft. half-cabin, 24 ft. raised-deck. 30 ft. raised-deck and 55 ft. We will quote for any type of new construction either in steel or wood.

We shall be pleased to obtain independent Surveys of any craft we offer and subsequently arrange delivery either on ship’s deck or sea as desired. i in daylight, due to “skip” ’ts. These factors could well amt for failure of the telephone mnge operator to intercept calls assistance sent out from 6.30 to 10.30 p.m., October 12. by anesia \frhen she went ashore Vatulele, only about 50 miles y. enerally speaking, lower fre- 'icies—such as the 2182 kc/s inational distress channel, provide e reliable night contact and ters should not be too ready to iemn the shore watch at night n using 4 mc/s or higher. Where ral frequencies are guarded, use lower for medium and shortmce work at night.

DRMAL ADI MAOPA INQUIRY: Fiji Marine Board has tossed a curly one up to the formal court which will investigate the circumstances on the stranding of the Government vessel Adi Maopa, on a reef off Viwa Island on August 30.

The board, at a preliminary investigation, found that the master should have exercised more care, but in its finding, it did not specify who the master was.

Edward Kemp Anderson, who holds the appropriate marine certificate, said that he was in charge of the vessel while she was on the trip, which was from Rotuma to Suva, but he had not signed on as master. He was not on any book cr register, and put his name to.no papers whatsoever.

Anderson told the board of strange actions of the chronometer during the trip. The evening before the ship left Rotuma the chronometer was 44 seconds fast. The evening ic left it was 26 seconds slow.

The board was mystified and so was Anderson. He had never known anything like it before. The next time he checked the chronometer it was 28 seconds slow. As this was only a two-seconds variation from the previous check, he thought it was back to normal.

He told the Board plainly: “The grounding of that ship had nothing to do with anybody except myself, my navigation and that chronometer”. (Over) has been a long haul, but Ben Carlin— n here giving the victory signal—has [?]y done it. Photo was taken in San cisco after he arrived from Anchorage, [?]a, on last stage of the round the world [?]ibious trip that Carlin commenced with wife, Eleanor, in 1948. rlin began planning the trip in the amous jeep "Half Safe" soon after the war the difficulties and troubles encountered [?]arrying out the programme have been endous. Wife Eleanor accompanied him on irst oart of the journey and was with him [?]stralia a couple of years ago when "Half was on view at a Sydney department But there has been no mention of [?]or in the latter half of the adventure.

Carlin is an Australian. 117 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— DECEMBER, 1957

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When the Adi Maopa hit the reef he did not have the “faintest idea where we were”. “I thought we had: found a new reef”, he said.

The formal inquiry will, no doubt* bring several matters to light.

Captain’S Certificate

SUSPENDED: The Fiji Marine*!

Board suspended for six months the certificate of Captain Jos e v a Vulaono, who was master of the Tui Levuka when she stranded on a reef near Koro Island, on June 13. The Board considered that the master had controlled the vessel in an unseamanlike manner by manoeuvring her in restricted waters with a lee shore.

It also considered his judgment was likely to be impaired because he had consumed three rums just previously.

The undercurrent in the inquiry was whether the master was sober or not.

Ram Charan, the mate, swore that Captain Vulaono was drunk, but when pressed he could not define drunkenness.

The evidence showed that he had been drinking and in the circumstances the penalty could not be considered severe.

WHIPPY’S FOR SALE: The wellknown ship-building and repair business of Charles Whippy and Co.„ Suva, is for sale as a going concern. Offers for purchase closed on December 7.

No reason was advanced, but an announcement may be made in the near future.

SOLD OUT: Skipper Hugh Williams, otf' Rarotonga, and formerly of Sydney, confirmed in Auckland, late November, that negotiations were in hand and would probably soon be finalised for the sale of his Auckland-built, eleven-year-old, ccmposite-type, 243-ton, twin screw vessel Melva, which was then under Bureau Veritas survey on behalf of a client of Captain Kennedy, Sydney shipbroker.

Skipper Williams, engineer Les Livingstone, and the crew of Cook] Islanders were expected to deliver* to Sydney for hand-over. The price mentioned was substantially above] the very reasonable figure paid by Captain Williams in June, 1956, but a lot of money had since been spent in improving the vessel for tropical service. She is in very good condition .

Captain Williams said the sale! was influenced by poor trade conH ditions in the Cooks, lack of safe; harbours there —and no real sign] of the Administration making seri-j ous improvements to Avarua for small ships in the forseeable future.; A PEARL FOR £9,000: Rose Pearl , which has been making headlines in Darwin for the past three months (PIM, Nov., p. 117) and which was auctioned there on November 23, was knocked down for a £A9,000 bid from a Captain Bell, acting on be- 118 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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alf of Henderson, Trippe Shipng (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., of Sydney.

The auction was the outcome of a urt action by Dalgety & Co. ainst the former owners in respect an amount of £15,000 which was ring.

The £9,000 has now been paid into urt, but there are several claims ion the money—including one by e ship’s company for wages due r the past three months. The crew mostly Chinese and Filipinos— re stranded in Darwin and were 1 from charitable funds.

A. Sydney spokesman for Hendera, Trippe said that Rose Pearl s been bought on behalf of Hongng interests'" and that the vessel uld be on Panamanian register. did not know when she would ; away from Darwin—but as soon possible. The existing crew would bably be used. le was not .anxious to talk about - ship or her future movements, I with good reason. It is the ire of owners in deals of this t, to remove the vessel from Auslian ports as quickly and as onspicuously as possible. It is ays possible that Australian ritime unions will take a dislike the colour of the funnel and lare the whole ship black; or find ms of horning in on the deal and getting a rake-off for themselves.

Henderson, Trippe will not be using the ship themselves. With Philippines Trader and Philippines Merchant, they began operating in the cattle trade between Australia and Philippines after the war.

Bellbird Tragedy In New

GUINEA: New Guinea’s worst local shipping tragedy since the Hermes went missing without a trace exactly 22 years ago, occurred in New Britain waters on November 15, when six people were lost following an outbreak of fire on the coaster Bellbird. The tragedy is reported elsewhere in the news section this issue.

Bellbird is owned by Colyer Watson (NG) Ltd. and has been operated in New Britain waters for -he last 10 years—ever since pur- ;hased in Sydney by the company.

Although now getting into the aged ilass—she was over 50 years old— 'he was considered sound and sea- "Malolelei" undergoing trials off Levuka, Fiji, recently after installation of an engine.

She was built by a Japanese boatbuilder in Suva about 40 years ago and was sailing under the Burns Philp flag in Tonga waters for many years. In 1941 she was transferred to Levuka and has been trading from there to the Lau Group. Some months ago she was laid up and almost completely rebuilt. She had an engine installed and is now considered one of the fastest vessels for her class in Fiji.

Photo: B. Obed. 119 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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rthy, and recent surveys have )wn her in excellent condition, s was about 85 ft long and was sel powered. >he was carrying only about 750 js of copra at the time of the aster, no deck cargo and was 11 within the limit imposed on the Tiber of passengers carried.

News of Cruising Yachts i NONA, 41 ft. x 116 ft. cutter of London, reported as clearing the Channel Is. on )ber 19 last year, cleared Balboa for the nds on September 10 and will now be in rnesia. At the Canal Zone, Joe and Elsa nning-Pearce and Bill Hodgson tarried for months to do an interesting and perhaps '■table job—rebuild a local 40-ft. sloop and ver it to Miami. When the 57-year-old IA cleared Balboa there was no mention Charles Candler, an original crew member, is Auckland. > SALMO of Rhu on the Clyde, only 7-ft. by 6 ft. draught, cleared Balboa Member 1 for the Islands and round-the- Id ports with Mr. and Mrs. Peter Hamilton aboard. This voyage commenced August, 1956.

Island ports scheduled are Galapagos, Pitcairn.

Rapa, Papeete—and the next mentioned place is Cairns, Queensland. Skipper Hamilton made the trans-Atlantic passage alone to Montreal, where his wife joined him. They came south via New York and Jamaica. SALMO has no auxiliary motor. • CELESTE, 40-ft. steel cutter of Canal Zone, mentioned in September PIM, put back to Balboa three weeks after sailing, minus most of her sails. She returned via Ecuador and has more recently again cleared, for the US West Coast this time. • DANA RESCUER, the 19-ft. all-metal Danish demonstration ship's lifeboat, making a business cruise round the world under command of Captain Walter Vestborg, was still at Canal Zone early November, having arrived there some months ago (PIM, July). The skipper was seeking a job for a while, before clearing for the US West Coast. Our correspondent mentions that Tahiti is now included in the agenda, though earlier reports had suggested his route would be via North Pacific and Orient. • FLYING WALRUS, bearing no aroma of a chimpanzee, made Russell, NZ, 30 days out of Rarotonga which she cleared on October 10. • NOVIA and LITTLE BEAR cleared Rarotonga on October 12, the former for Auckland and the latter for Honolulu. • WHITE HART, with skipper Reeves and eight Cook Islands passage workers, made Auckland in 25 days, having cleared Rarotonga October 17. This sturdy Canadian salmonfishing ketch, with all gear and electronic aids, is to be offered for sale in Auckland. Anyone interested in this 48-footer could contact Tony Reeves via PlM's Auckland office. • CHRISTINA, 26-ft. Wellington sloop, with owner-skipper Bill McQueen and two companions, reached Auckland November 10 from Norfolk Island via Whangaroa, NZ. This yacht cleared Wellington last December 8 for Sydney, Brisbane, and Townsville and is now homeward bound. Mr. McQueen hopes to sell the self-built craft and purchase a larger yacht for an Islands cruise. • UTOPIA, handsome 65-ft. staysail schooner of Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin, which cleared Balboa June 30 was at Papeete in November. Enroute, owner Fred Peterson picked up Austrian Joe Pachernegg, whom it will be recalled, was wrecked in the Galapagos in his 33-ft. SUNRISE a year ago. SUNRISE, better remembered as VIKING, was sailed round the world in 1953-54 by that popular young Swedish couple, Sten and Brita Holmdahl. Some of UTOPIA'S crew returned to the US from Tahiti.

Mr. Peterson, who is the millionaire-owner of Peterson Builders Inc., a shipbuilding yard on the Great Lakes, engaged in building nonmagnetic minesweepers for the US Government, intends staying in Tahiti until late January when he will be joined by his wife for a short cruise of the Society Islands.

He and his wife will then return to the US via Australia and New Zealand by Matson Lines. After a short stay in the States, Mr.

Peterson intends flying back to Tahiti to continue the world cruise aboard "Utopia". The vessel, designed by the owner, is equipped with the latest in electronic navigational aids such a radar, directional finder and fathometer. a MAREVA (ex SEARCH), 55-ft. x 14 ft., 18-year-old motor-sailer owned by American James McConnaughey, resident of Tahiti, paid a visit to Rarotonga and Mangaia in mid- November under command of one of the Brun brothers of TAHITI NUI raft fame. The yacht was apparently under charter to anthropologist Don Marshall and his wife, well known in the Islands, who were landed at Mangaia November 14, MAREVA continuing back to Papeete.

MAREVA arrived at Papeete from the East Coast of the US on June 18, 1954.

Cruising With Hon . Host Entering any Pacific Territory these days—if you do it by the normal means—is almost as difficult as entering heaven, and entails a lot more paper work, and the putting-up of Bonds, etc.

It is amusing to learn, therefore, how entry can still be obtained without red-tape—if you are off the beaten [rack.

It seems that a few months ago a Japanese tuna vessel, believed direct from Japan and not from Pago put in at Nassau Island (Cook Islands) which is inhabited most of the year by copra-makers from Pukapuka and their families. Some of the fishermen landed and were hospitably treated, and when the vessel again sailed two Pukapukans went with them. Our coconut-radio despatch says that they were away for five or six weeks, and when again landed had a welcome and substantial gift of swordfish and other non-commercial fish sufficient for an enormous feast for the entire 100-odd population. The feast, in fact, continued for several days.

The tuna boat had spent the period in Polynesian waters and the most memorable part of the holiday cruise seems to have been the monotony of the rice diet.

Whether the two men requested the cruise, or were offered it, is not clear, although there was a suggestion, in our version, that they were temporarily replacing a couple of sick Japanese crew-men, who may or may not have remained at Nassau during the period.

An innocent enough story of what can go on in isolated parts of the Pacific without benefit of immigration formalities—but it could have received the bold-headline treatment in Sydney and boosted afternoon sales, had it reached there promptly.

We can see the headlines. "Kidnapped by the Japs" could have been one of them. 121 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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T. H. Carr of Southampton, England, last reported as clearing Balboa July 23, called at Rarotonga November 7. The 60-ft. Colin Archertype ketch was then bound for Papeete to Auckland via Nukualofa. Owing to bad weather only a brief call was made at Rarotonga.

Also aboard were two other persons. • SYDNEY-NOUMEA RACE: Our Noumea correspondent reports that a Sydney-Noumea yacht race is scheduled for June, 1958, and that already the following yachts have been entered —-Lolo, Malohi, Anita, Niwami, Kurrewa IV, Siandre and Cyclone. The last yacht race] which was so successful, took place in New Caledonia's Centenary year, September, 1953. o TAKI -0 - AUTAHi (Maori translation Southern Cross) 21 ft. double-ended cutter of Poole, England, arrived Papeete November 13 with owner Bill Mangan (NZ) and companion Rick Mohun (US) aboard. This craft is the smallest, or one of the smallest, to cross the Pacific. Mangan reports an uneventful passage of 67 days from Balboa, CZ, to Taihae Bay Marquesas, from where they sailed to Nuhahiva and then to Raroia, Tuamotus, where they stopped for two weeks. Rarioa will be remembered as the landfall for KON TIKI.

Mr. Mangan's present intention is to stay in Papeete until March then proceed through the Islands en route to NZ. ® SKAAL, 25 ft. double-ended cutter, owned by John Yves Froment of Papeete, arrived from Raiatea via Moorea November 6. This vessel was originally built in France and shipped to Tahiti aboard one of the Messagerie Maritime liners. Until her recent purchase by Mr.

Froment. SKAAL had lain at Raiatea for the past few years. Approaching Moorea Mr.

Froment and his crew were caught unawares and vessel jibed and was demasted. However, they sailed into Moorea under jury rigwhere they made temporary repairs to the mast with some wire and a G-clamp and then sailed on to Papeete without further mishap. 1 Papeete’s argument for a bigger dock was advanced early in November when three ships were in port at once. The two liners, Monterey (arrived Nov. 1, departed Nov. 3), and Southern Cross (arrived Nov. 2, departed Nov. 3), were alongside the dock, and the freighter Thorshall was at anchor in the harbour. Great credit should be given to the Papeete harbour authorities for the skill and care displayed in bringing both thesevessels alongside such a small dock without incident. Shortly it is hoped to extend the present dock as far as the marine base at Fareute. This will enable two or three vessels to be berthed at once. t MV Viti was chartered by NZ Island Territories Department in November to uplift the season’s first cargo of pineapples from the Cook Islands. The vessel cleared Auckland for Rarotonga on November 12. ♦ The Union Steam Ship Company’s Nukualofa office, preparing for the visit of the Orient Line’s cruiseship Orion, on January 9, was adver-| tising in Tonga for 50 motor vehicles! and drivers prepared to handle the! tourists on the big day. Motor trucks j would become passenger buses for* the event. 122 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY;

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[?]N New Guinea

Social Advancement by Regulation ITE cannot think of any other T Territory in the South Pacific where “Papua-New Guinea ranch Circular No. 10 of 1957” ould have been necessary; or where le Government would have done in such ham-handed fashion.

Here it is:

Instruction To Masters

PASSENGERS 1. —As it would seem expedient, in order assist Masters to uphold and preserve the oper status of native officers of the Adminisation whilst travelling as passengers on Iministration vessels, to issue instructions lative to their accommodation, treatment and neral welfare, it is directed that it is the ty of a Master of an Administration vessel, en if contrary to the demands or desires of ch other passengers as may travel, to ensure at native officers of the Administration travel der conditions not inferior to those applicle to European officers of the same standing, ch native officers shall, if they so desire, entitled to European rations and similarly all have the same right of entry into blic rooms and places on board. 2. —Whilst Masters are expected to exercise ct, they are reminded that a Master may, as last resort, require a person irrespective race, to leave a ship for behaviour pretidal to the good conduct of the ship. In ch a case, full and detailed entries are to made in the log.

G. A. HAWLEY, Superintendent of Marine.

In plain language it means that native public servants travelling on Administration ships should be treated in the same way as European passengers, and that if any European passenger objects to this, the Master should put him off at the next port.

The idea of racial equality is a pretty new one in New Guinea—it got going about 1946. Before the war, Europeans and natives lived in worlds apart—worlds that impinged only when and as it suited each community (although in Papua the impingement was a little more than on the Other Side).

It is hard to understand why these social distinctions should have been so fine cut because Australians normally lean over backwards to prove that they are no better than their fellow men. The fact that the natives on their local heath look like the raw material for the hewers of wood and drawers of water had something to do with it, we suspect.

The post-war desire to lift the natives from village level came from the theorists and not from a great push from the natives themselves.

But when the theorists’ ideas seeped down to plain Australians who had to implement them, some of the results were flat-footed in the extreme. And in the fight was enlisted the beloved tool of Australian bureaucracy, the circular instruction.

Hence No. 10, now before us.

Although issued under the signature of the Superintendent of Marine it is a pretty safe bet that it did not emanate from men whose sole concern is ships.

Should New Guinea natives who live like Europeans be treated in the same way on public transport?

Why not? Elsewhere in the Pacific these things are accepted as a natural social growth. But if the man who hatched our Circular No. 10 thinks that that will create the right climate in which it can happen in New Guinea, he still has a lot to learn about human nature.

Our sympathies go to the unfortunate native clerk who finds himself on an Administration vessel with a Master who “works to regulations”, and. a couple of dledin-the-wool Befores who have never heard that there is a social revolution currently in progress.

J.T.

Finish Work to Carry Blocks NURSING sisters at the Makogai Leper Hospital, 80 miles from Suva, use a concrete mixer to make building blocks “in their spare time”.

They send the blocks to Suva, where they will be used to extend a rest house and training centre that the hospital operates there. 123 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Forts Review

[?]itione Lave May Fight Missionary in NZ From J. P. Shortall, in Auckland. lONGAN boxer Kitione Lave, now in London, may come home to meet a Mormon missionary in 3 ring at Auckland in February.

Fhe Auckland Boxing Association ,s in touch with Lave in Midvember, and it appears likely that 3 Tongan may accept the offer. ?he missionary is American Chuck lodworth, of Niue Island, who has pretty distinguished ring record the US. Of 125 amateur and 24 Sessional fights he lost only four, on points. 3ut he hasn’t had a fight since ving the States more than two irs ago. iVoodworth has been in training ;ently with the idea of taking further bouts when he’s comted his term as a missionary, ’s 6 ft tall, and weighs about lb. jave has been a great New Zead draw card in the past, so the ispect of a lion’s share of a 60-40 :se, which might be worth a total up to £2,000, should be hard to ist. Especially since the Tongan is not seem to have been getting i bouts he wanted, and hasn’t m doing so well in England. ?he terms have been mailed to /e following preliminary contact cable. [?]nd "Hellfire" on the Way Up! )HNNY “Hellfire” Halafihi, Ton g a n light - heavyweight champion, at present creating roc among the British lightivyweights, has now been deibed by ex-world rated heavyght, Tommy Farr, of Wales, as uture world champion.

Only a cruel accident can stop lafihi from becoming world lightivyweight champion within two ts”, said Farr, and the way vhich Halafihi disposed of British >e, Johnny Sullivan, recently, Is weight to Farr’s statement, n the latest British Empire ings, Halafihi is number 3, below .mpion Yolande Pompey and m Durelle, of Canada, both of se boxes also being placed high the world ratings.

Hellfire” Halafihi is at the tnent looking for a fight with npey, and if he can manage to t the Trinidad champ he should e no trouble in overcoming the over-rated American opposition (if he is lucky enough to get a fight in America at all).

Perhaps this is why Tommy Farr conservatively says that the Tongan should be world champ in two years. He is obviously a logical contender for world title elimination fights but he will have his hardest fight in getting rated Americans into the ring with him.

The hard-hitting Tongan, aged 24, has only lost one fight in 37 matches and has an imposing list of knockouts to his credit. He would have a harder time against Pompey than he would with the present world champion, Archie Moore, an ageing veteran of the ring, who beems to be world champ only because he is the best American in this division.

Papua Takes the Lightweight Belt PAPUA-New Guinea’s first inter - Territory boxing Championship resulted in a win for Papua.

Port Moresby lightweight, Russ Woolley (9 st) beat Alan Cross, of Goroka, New Guinea (9.9) on points —and there was no argument about the decision. Woolley, who fought in NSW under the name of Russ Woods before going to the Territory three years ago, was too ringwise for Cross.

Referee Jimmy Carruthers, former world bantamweight champion, made a special trip from the pub he keeps in Sydney to do the honours.

Woolley and Cross are both Australians, Woolley aged 30, Cross 26.

The title fight took place in a ring especially set up in Boroko Oval, under floodlights. Charter flights brought in New Guinea barrackers, who had whipped themselves up for the big event with enthusiasm.

Fijian Javelin Thrower Shows Them How!

FIJIAN javelin thrower Villiame Liga showed an Australian crowd in Brisbane in November that he could beat the Empire Games javelin record.

After two throws past the Queensland record, he managed to get his third attempt 9 ft farther —to reach 226 ft. But then he overstepped the mark, and fouled.

The Empire figures of 224 ft 9i ins. were set by Queenslander Jim Achurch, in Canada, in 1954.

Liga is a divinity student at the Queensland University. During the Brisbane meeting he threw 217 ft lOi ins., which is a new Queensland open record.

TOP: Mr. J. M. Moses (left) bound for Apia, and Mr. S. N. Sharma, of Fiji Customs Department, on November "Matua" from Auckland.

LOWER: Farewelling friends and relatives bound for Samoa, were (left to right) Mrs, N.

Yandell and Danny; Mrs. A. Frost; Miss B.

Hansell; Mrs. A. Ainuu and Albert. 125 kCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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New Hotel Building In Suva

Completion Soon As

The Club Hotel

AT long last, the construction o: the new Club Hotel, at th( corner of Victoria Parade am Gordon Street, Suva, has been resumed. It should be completed ii 1958. Thus will end a period o: frustration and confusion.

Some four years ago, Messrs. Morrii Hedstrom began to build the nev South Seas Hotel—planned to b large and luxurious—on the site o: the old Club Hotel, destroyed b; hurricane and old age. Then cami an earthquake, challenging th( foundations and concrete pillan (already in, but not planned to resist earthquakes) and a great increase in building costs, challenging the soundness of the enterprise All construction thereupon ceased For a time, the part-completet ground floor housed a liquor bar where the old Club Hotel license wai exercised. It closed up when th( Government said: “No bedrooms fo] tourists, no liquor license”.

After years of discussion—during which Northern Hotel Limitec undertook to lease both the liquo] bar and the hotel, if and when reopened—Morris Hedstrom finally called tenders for completing th( building, on a modified plan. The contract was awarded Messrs. Narair Constructions, and within three they were at work.

Completed, it will be called the Club Hotel; it will have 16 bedrooms all with private baths and 13 oi them air-conditioned; it will conform with highest hotel standards; and it will cost £150,000.

This, and the completion of the handsome new Victoria Arcade (a Burns Philp-Queensland Insurance building immediately to the westward) will mean that the northern side of Victoria Parade, from the Triangle half-way to the Grand Pacific Hotel, will be a continuous line of modern buildings, looking out over the harbour and the lagoon.

Northern Hotels plan to build another modern hotel up near the Hospital end of Waimanu Road.

The Government now is giving substantial aid to hotel-building, so as to assist the vital tourist industry. (See article elsewhere in this issue). * His Lordship Bishop Pearce, SM, Vicar Apastolic of Samoa and the Tokelaus, was to visit Samoan communities throughout New Zealand, preside at the religious profession of Brother Felix, of Samoa, at Highdem Seminary, near Feilding, then travel: on to Sydney in November. 126 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Figures for the various denominations as of 1956, with those of 1951 in brackets, are as follows: LMS (Congregational), 4,188 (3,886) • Roman Catholic, 83 (11); Latter- Day Saints, 360 (nil); Seventh Day Adventist, 13 (5); Wesleyan, 2 (nil); Methodist, nil (3); Presbyterian, 1 (1); Church of England, 1, (1); not stated, 2 (602).

The figures are for Niueans only.

Royal Tongan Children at NZ Schools mHE children of Prince Tungi and JL Crown Princess Mata’aho, ot Tonga, are to go to Auckland schools early in 1958.

Prince Taufa’ahau has been entered as a boarder at King’s School, a leading Auckland private preparatory school. Princess Siuilikutapu will attend Three Kings Primary School, a public school (public in the NZ, not in the English, sense). She will live at “Atalanga”—the Ton g a n Royal residence in Auckland, under the care of her governess, Miss Luseane Tonga.

An Isolated

Territory Of Nz

Nines Developing Banana Industry A VIRILE community of nearly 5,000, on the large island (100 sq. miles) of Niue, is usually overlooked when people are considering the South Pacific scheme of things. Niue is administered as a separate Islands dependency of New Zealand, with its own Resident Commissioner: but it is nearly always included, by political surveyors, with the Cook Islands. It lies far westward of the Cooks, and is nearer Tonga than Rarotonga.

The Resident Commissioner, Mr.

A. O. Dare, was a prominent figure at the last session of the South Pacific Commission; and he told reporters that, although these are industrious Polynesians, producing copra, bananas and woven goods (Niue baskets are famous), New Zealand supports the Territory with an annual grant of around £lOO,OOO.

Niue now is trying to increase its annual export of 6,000 cases, to meet New Zealand’s apparently insatiable demand for bananas.

Niue was first reported in 1774 by Captain James Cook, and the reception accorded him by the natives was so unfriendly that he named it Savage Island.

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Radio Electric Wholesalers [?]aria "Rights" [?]iped out by War

Decision On German-Swedish-Us Claim

To Vast Ng Concession

Claims by a group of German, Swedish and United States citizens to exclusive prospecting rights over about 5,000 square miles in the Morobe district of New Guinea, under a concession granted by the German Government before World War I, usually called the “Waria Syndicate”, were again rejected by Papua and New Guinea Commissioner of Titles, Mr. C. P.

McCubbery, at the end of November.

HE prime mover in pressing the claim of the Waria Syndicate, 43 years after World War I >ke out, is Mr. H. R. Wahlen, of mburg, and prominent in Gern New Guinea between 1900 and 4. n dismissing this latest claim, . McCubbery said that Mr. ihlen negotiated an agreement the prospecting right in the area h the German Government when was in Berlin on a visit from Pacific estates in July, 1914. He > acting on behalf of a syndicate, main other interest in which 5 held by Mr. M. M. Warburg, 1 a company of German bankers. 1919, Ragnar Erfass, a merchant of Stockholm, made an agreement with Wahlen, acting on behalf of a syndicate, to acquire a 75 per cent, interest in the concession.

AS part of the proceedings, under the Treaty of Versailles, by which German properties in New Guinea were expropriated (as part payment of German war debts), the Australian Government refused to recognise the validity of the 1914 agreement with the syndicate.

Between the two World Wars there was diplomatic correspondence between the Australian, German and Swedish Governments on the matter, but no legal action was taken by the syndicate.

Mr. McCubbery said that when he started to restore titles lost during the last war, which included documents of title to mining interests, claims were submitted to an interest in the Morobe concession by; • Alice M. Warburg, F. M. Warburg, Eric M. Warburg and Ernest Spiegleberg, all United States citizens. • Ragner Erfass (now dead), of Sweden. • And later by Wahlen, on behalf of all the members of the syndicate.

Mr. McCubbery said: “The claims have been processed through various stages and I have finally rejected them.”

The main ground for rejection was that if any right to the concession did exist, it was terminated by the First Mining Ordinance passed by the Australian civil Government of New Guinea in 1922,. which he believed nullified any earlier mining rights and started off mining in New Guinea with a “clear slate”.

Mr. McCubbery also stated that in his opinion, the actual Waria River (part of the claimed concession); was, in the days of German administration of New Guinea, subject to a concession granted by the German Government in 1912 to a man named Kempf.

Mr. McCubbery said the original concession granted by the German Government included all the coastali 129 C I F 1 C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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river valleys from Salamaua to what was then the German-Australian border; and, on the internal border between Papua and German New Guinea, it included the headwaters of the Lakekamu and other rich goldbearing rivers, fTIHERE is little doubt that, under A the terms of post-war settlement reached after World War I had concluded, all German property ir New Guinea in 1914-18 was forfeited to the victors (which included the Australians who had occupied Gern man New Guinea in 1914).

These repeated appeals to Australia and, inferentially, to the international authorities, were based on a claim that the Waria Syndicate was not German-owned, but wai predominantly Swedish and oi American. According to the Commissioner for Titles, the transfei from German ownership to Swedish ownership did not take place unti 1919, after the war had been fought and lost, by Germany; and in 1919 according to the Commissioner, th( property, if any existed, was n< longer the Waria Syndicate’s, to dispose of.

Another Angle On The

Waria Claim

WRITING from Hamburg to PIM on December 2, Mr. H. R Wahlen (who obviously ha< not then been advised of the nev decision), says: “The property o the Waria Syndicate never was expropriated after World War I; consequently the German Governmen never paid compensation to thi German members of the Syndicate.

If Australia now is going to expropriate, it must sell these Warn rights, or offer them for sale (and we now know those rights includi some very valuable metals) and th( result of the sale should be transferred to the Reparations Fund... !

Nugent-Beckett Wedding Mr. and Mrs. J. Nugent leave the LM Church, Port Moresby, after their wedding o October 18. She was formerly Miss J. Becket Photo: Papuan Print[?] 130 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL*

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Address Subject/s required Money Order enclosed £ J [?]ome News From orfolk Is. ,UICK “turn around”: After hav- ; ing been delayed in Sydney for about a fortnight, owing to tour troubles in dock, the TuLagi •ived at Norfolk Island on Nonber 6, and by night she was ie. A smooth sea and excellent •operation by the local lighterage i launch-men speeded up the unding and work was carried on til 8 p.m., thanks to a full moon, e 12 hours or more saved by >wing the ship to get away over ht helped to get the Tulagi back Sydney—but, alas, further wharf üble has delayed her there.

Ht * * udge Simpson was at Norfolk md from Australia recently to end to a light calendar. )ne case on which he had to adicate concerned a used motor car ught in by a new resident, who ected to paying the 10 per cent. ;y, claiming that the car could classified as personal belonging? pon which there is a £3OO exempi from duty. ’he Judge thought otherwise, mother case which was thrown on a technicality without going the jury concerned charges of lesting children. The Crown went :he trouble and expense of bringing over a defending counsel from Sydney but neglected to send over a prosecutor, and the only lawyer on the Island—the official Secretary to His Honour the Administratordeclined the honour as not being part of his duties. The onus of presenting the case fell on the local police officer, at very short notice. * * * A local JP slapped a £5 fine on the skipper of a local ship recently fo r not declaring a stowaway on arrival here. The stowaway, wife of an acting member of the crew, joined her husband on the ship in Australia and left the ship here at dead of night and returned to her home on Norfolk Island—no charge was laid against her. r Mr. H. L. R. Niall returned to his post as District Commissioner at Lae, New Guinea, in December, after several months’ leave. With Mrs.

Niall, and Miss Niall, he travelled widely abroard, in Europe and North America; and arrived in Sydney from San Francisco late in November.

Mr. Peter Broman, Official Secretary to the P-NG Administrator, Brigadier Cleland is shown here with his charming wife and family, shortly before they were due to leave Port Moresby for leave in December.

Photo: Papuan Prints. 131 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Head Office: The Wales Boose, 66 Pitt St., Sydney. [?]est Ends Four [?]rs' Residence [?]ornton Deported [?]om Fiji 3E forcible deportation of Jack Thornton, from Fiji, in mid- November, shows the powers sessed by the Government of in regulating immigration. No may become a resident in that ntry unless he can prove he has quate means of support, hornton entered the Colony, at it four years ago, as a casual tor, under which he was autoucally allowed to remain three iths. He wandered around the nds, and did irregular newspaper k; and when the Fijian author- > eventually asked him to either 7 e that he earned an income quate for his support or leave country, he did neither, lien Fiji officialdom became inmt, and initiated Court proceed- ;, Thornton secured legal help, seedings extended over years, lower court issued an order deportation, and Thornton’s rneys appealed to the Supreme rt. implications were introduced in , when Thornton —through the e attorneys—issued a writ out he Fiji Supreme Court against R. W. Robson, publisher of ■fie Islands Monthly and, at that ‘, managing director of Fiji es and Herald Ltd. Mr. Thornclaimed damages for libel, re alleged libel was not coned with either the Fiji Times he Pacific Islands Monthly. An ;le was published in Sydney etin in June, 1956, traducing the Administration. Mr. Robson, in rticle in Sydney Bulletin of July •56, said the June article was a e of exaggeration and falsehood, declared it was characteristic :he work of a class of invisible journalists, some of whom been attacking the Fiji Public tions Office. le case came before the Fiji vme Court in May, 1957. Thornclaimed that, because during a editorship of an inconspicuous :ly newspaper in Fiji he had rently criticised the PRO, he identified as an irresponsible aahst. The Court, after a hearixtending over a fortnight, found Thornton had been identified, awarded £lO damages. ■ • Robson lodged an appeal in , mainly on the grounds of mission of the jury by the judge; in November, when he learned iquiry that there was no chance is plea being heard before the of 1957, he withdrew the appeal. ie Fiji authorities aonarently /ed Thornton some latitude on account of this pending libel action.

But immediately that hearing terminated, last May, the deportation proceedings were resumed. Thornton’s appeal to the Supreme Court finally was heard in October, and dismissed. He was warned that he must obey the deportation order. He remained in Fiji.

He was arrested on November 15, taken to Nadi under police guard, and put on a Pan-American plane for London, on the 17th.

Thornton is believed to have come to Fiji from New Zealand; but, for some reason, he was deported to England—probably because he was reared in England, and travelled on an English passport. Apart from the various expenses of legal proceedings against him, the cost of transporting Thornton from Suva to London probably cost the Fiji Government about £3OO.

Thornton and Newspaper Publicity A S was expected, Mr. Thornton has not gone quietly. He is “working the newspapers”.

The day after he was arrested in Suva, there appeared in The Herald, of Melbourne, a story sensationally headed to suggest that a well known editor and journalist (Thornton) had been brutally seized and deported without good and sufficient reason. The Herald’s “special correspondent” in Fiji supplied material which, as published, gave a onesided description of the incident, plus an intimate biography and a photograph of Mr. Thornton in a beard and a hat, both highly decorative.

According to this, Mr. Thornton had been crucified.

Within a few days of his arrival In London, some of the newspapers there published an article commenting upon the brutality of this deportation—the unhappy Mr. Thornton, it appeared, had arrived in London in mid-winter, garbed only in tropical clothes and sandals. (It was not stated that Mr. Thornton had had many weeks’ warning of his pending deportation).

Knowing the ways of officialdom, we expect that the Secretary of State for the Colonies in London thereupon cabled to the Governor of Fiji for his comments upon this cruel deportation; and, knowing the facts of the case, we can imagine the kind of reply made by the Governor of Fiji.

Scores probably hundreds —of persons have been refused permission to reside permanently in Fiji unless they could satisfy the Immigration authority there that (a) they had guaranteed employment into which they could enter immediately; or (b) they had sufficient private means to support them in a suitable way.

Thornton, who apparently came from New Zealand and had been in and around the South Pacific Islands for some years, was unable to meet the requirements of the Fiji Immigration officials. Except for a few months, when apparently he was employed by a small weekly journal m Suva, he had no regular job, and he did not show the officials that he had resources sufficient to maintain him otherwise. He defied the Government, and caused a lot of trouble and expense by appealing to the Supreme Court.

Neither officialdom nor courts could see why he should be treated differently from anyone else who could not satisfy Immigration requirements; and so he was forcibly removed.

The latter facts have not been presented by the newspapers which have published comments upon Thornton’s deportation.- RWR.

COPRA, COCOA-

And Taipans

TWELVE deadly taipan snakes have been hatched in Port Moresby—for export.

The taipans were hatched at the Animal Husbandry section of the Department of Agriculture, from what are believed to be the first taipan eggs laid in captivity. ■They are headed for the New York zoo. 133 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

Bravboh KVA n SETS diesel &3S »•••> *We feature here one of our larger industrial light and power plants which will jperate motor up to 5 H.P. 3 phase. Sets are available On petrol or diesel from to 100 KVA capacities. # € % BRAYBON P BROS Pty. Ltd. quXTSL. 27-33 WASHINGTON SI., SYDNEY Telephone MA 6853 TELEGRAMS: “Braybonian”, Sydney Frank Discussion In N-Guinea

Are Ex-Soldiers

Helped To Settle?

FIIHE question of whether the X Papua and New Guinea Administration, as a matter of policy, is in favour of European soldiersettlement in the Territories, has been discussed in statements made by the Assistant Administrator (Dr John Gunther) and the President of the Territories Branch of the RSL, the Hon. R. F. Bunting, MLC At the recent Hobart Conference of the RSL, Mr. Bunting said, quite bluntly, that the Australian author ities, despite their protestations, hac done nothing worth noting to assist the settlement of suitable exservicemen in NG. He said the Government, in its eagerness to safe! guard P-NG for unborn generation! of natives, was discouraging Euro pean settlement and “treating th( Territories like an anthropological zoo”. {PIM, Nov., p. 30-31).

On November 1, Dr. Gunther dei dared {PIM, Nov., p. 31) that thj Administration policy was to safej guard the land rights of natives' but that, “as Bunting well knows] wherever land was available an( could be bought without causing il effects to native owners, it wa] bought and released to farmers, j On November 15, Mr. Bunting made this reply; MY appeal at Congress (said Mi Bunting) was for a assisted Land Settlemenj Scheme similar to the scheme ii operation throughout the States ii Australia. To this end we have beej fighting for upwards of 10 yearj without result.

Contrary to Dr. Gunther’s as sertion, I made it clear to Congresi that land was being made available to settlers. At no time did I sugj gest that the Administration ha( not, in certain cases, given prefen ence to returned men.

It must be obvious that these cod cessions are of minor consequent as against a financially assisted scheme, particularly for those wla are engaged in agricultural pursuit! who are now finding it extremefl difficult to keep going. These mejj must wait for the results of thei labours until the land becomes prd ductive.

The suggestion that the Admin! istration, through the Commod wealth Government, has beef sympathetic towards returned me! in the Territory is, to my mind, ar exaggeration. Dr. Gunther ha! stated “some scheme to assist their is constantly under examination”,] As this state of “constant examim ation” has continued since the enc 134

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Fiji Distributors: Burns Philp South Seo. Co. Ltd., Suva, Levuka, Lautoka, Fiji Islands.

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The only absolute Soldier Preferice to my knowledge has been; • The sale of about 17 Exproiated coconut properties which id been previously “passed in”, ilues oj the properties declared ' the Custodians proved altogether cessive.

At a meeting arranged by the istodians, I, together with others, otested at such values. I was inrmed that the basis of my argutnt was groundless, since hundreds returned men had applied at the sessed valuation.

Subsequently, it was established at only about 20 veterans had plied ; and, ultimately, when ocations were made, many prorties had not even been tendered • Irk. the W.au area, ex-servicem applied for agricultural blocks d were led to believe that the id in question would be made ailable. After about 4 years, the Iministration has decided against e proposal to release these blocks.

Ihess two examples illustrate the suit of having “some scheme conintly under examination”. This is e total value of the consideration ren to soldier settlers, so far as am aware.

Ysterious Fires

Puzzle Moresby

IYSTERY surrounds the cause of two separate fires which destroyed books and irreplacele records in Port Moresby on •vember 22. fhe fires occurred four hours and o miles apart, but the type of iterial lost in both fires was lilai —mostly legal notes and sumehts. 3 olice have been investigating the ssibility of arson. rhe first fire began soon after dnight and razed a block of offices Konedobu, destroying the Crown w Department library, records d files. \.bout 5 a.m., with the first fire rdly extinguished, the Port >resby Supreme Court building ight fire, destroying the chambers Mr. Justice Bignold, where it d apparently started. Among ; records destroyed were notes of ; cases going back about nine irs.

Estimated damage in both fires s about £50,000.

Answering a question on the fire the House of Representatives, nberra, on November 27, Terriies Minister Hasluck said he did t think there would be any aditage in arranging for files to be crofilmed to avoid similar losses future.

My comment (that the Commonweaith did not want Europeans) was based on the knowledge that some intending settlers have waited for two years in the hope of getting land.

It is my opinion that without a planned settlement of Europeans the native will not prosper.

The natives must have enlightened example and, judging from the success of financially-assited schemes Throughout Australia, no group is more likely to give this example than soldier-settlers.

Dr. Gunther expressed doubt that my statement to National Congress would have the support of the majority of returned soldiers in the Territory (concluded Mr. Bunting).

It must surely be apparent that I spoke as President of the Papua- New Guinea Branch. RSL. My points were made as the result of carefully considered decisions of the State Executive which, in effect, represents all members of the RSL throughout the Territory. t A Japanese whaler which was travelling from Japan to the Antarctic to join the mother ship Konan Maru, put into Rabaul, NG, in December to put off an injured seaman. He had fallen to the deck from a catwalk and sustained a fractured skull and leg injuries. 135

I C I F I C Islands Monthly December, 1957

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[?]E Problem Of

[?]G MURDERERS [?]S IT A POLICY OF

"Get Tougher"?

HE Papua-New Guinea Administration in November hanged its second native murderer ce the war —and possibly opened an interesting new question of icy in the process, rhe man hanged was named Aro, m Wabag, in the mountains of i far Western Highlands, who s convicted in August of the ,rder of his two wives with an The death sentence was mounced at the trial by Mr. itice Bignold. letails of the decision were as lal forwarded to Canberra, ;ompanied, it is understood, by recommendation from the tninistrator that the sentence be limited to imprisonment—which > also been usual, lowever, it was decided that the .th penalty be carried out. The iging, carried out without prior jlicity on November 14, was nessed by a number of lululais m the Western Highlands.

'he Territory’s previous hanging nd its first since 1938—was on member 16, 1954, also at Lae jail and surrounded by more secrecy than the latest one.

The native hanged then was named Usamando, and the Administration was worried at the time that there might be a public outcry about the death penalty being carried out. But it needn’t have worried, because Usamando was a native who made murder a hobby —with four convictions for it—and he continued to murder with every opportunity, even when he was Writing Team Returns to Europe lOADED down with 6,000 photo- J graphs, the MS for a book and reams of notes on Pacific affairs, two European journalists returned home in December after 12 months touring the Pacific.

They are Miss Katherina von Arx, a writer for Sie Und Er, Zurich, and Mr. Freddy Drilhon, a photographer for that paper, who also writes for a pool of European papers.

In their travels, they visited Tonga, Fiji, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, British Solomons, New Guinea and did some work in Australia on the immigration scheme.

Both Miss von Arx and Mr.

Drilhon have previously published books. serving jail sentences for murder.

The public reaction was, good riddance.

But the same circumstances do not fit the case of this second hanging. On the face of it, Arc’s murders were no worse than those perpetrated by many other Territory natives at present completing jail sentences.

Then why this hanging?

The answer quite possibly is concerned with the fact that lululais from Wabag had asked that the death sentence be carried out, so that an example could be set.

And their request was not the first to be made by Territory natives, a fact which Canberra has been aware of for some time.

Territories Minister Hasluck was himself present in a primitive area about two years ago when a deputation of natives asked him that murderers be hanged as a deterrent to others. A move was made to put this request into effect in that area, but it was not followed up.

It now looks as if a “get tougher” policy is going to be followed.

And since nobody could complain that the existing policy has been tough on murderers, there should be no real objections. r A motor launch, with two Papuan natives on board, which has been adrift in the Huon Gulf for 18 days, was towed into Lae on November 28. 137 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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Doubled Water Supply For Suva PROBLEMS arising out of an inadequate water supply, caused by the rapidity with which Suva’s population has grown to 40,000 and beyond, should be solved in mid-1958 with the completion of a supplementary supply scheme, under which more water will come in from the Wailoku area.

The work, which will cost at least £1,000,000, began in 1953, and is in three sections—construction of an additional section of the Savura Road to give access to the works, four miles in from the pre-l sent pumping station at Wailoku; construction of an intake some 500 feet above sea-level, in the valley of the Savura Creek; and roads and mains to bring the new water to the pumping station, and on to treatment works near the Tamavua reservoir.

When the works are completed, Suva will have a minimum supply of about 6,000,000 gallons per day, compared with the present supply of about half that quantity.

Mrs. Doreen McKillop models a frock a part of the Port Moresby fashion show bet in the Hotel Papua in November. The show was to raise funds for a pre-school play centre at Konedobu.

Photo: Papuan Prints 138 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Acific Affairs

[?] Parliament 4 round-up of comment and estions on Pacific matters heard the Commonwealth Parliament ring the month.

ENATOR Nancy Buttfield, speaking of New Guinea native schoolchildren; “The point I jh to stress here and to which I c the Minister to give attention the fact that when these natives ne down to the coast and get ,o closer contact with European ilisation they appear to lose their mtaneous gaity -and cheerfulness personality. They become what called up there ‘sophisticated’, d their cheerfulness is replaced a somewhat sullen attitude”. * * * Vlr. A. W. Luck, in a question to ime Minister Menzies: “I refer the introduction of income tax the Territory of P-NG, and the nciple of ‘No Taxation Without presentation’. I ask the Right nourable gentleman whether it proposed that a representative of NG should take his place in this rliament?" —Mr. Menzies: “I am t aware of any such proposal”. * * * Senator Justin O’Byrne: “The tive hospital at Kokopo, near ,baul, could be described as a il eye-opener. It is in a disgracestate of disrepair. It keeps nding only because it cannot ike up its mind which way to 1”. * * * vlr. Paul Hasluck, Minister for rritories, speaking about Terriies Department staff at nberra: “I fear the officers at adquarters, like all headquarters icers, have sometimes received due criticism simply because they ppen to be at headquarters. The ne sort of thing happened during j war. The frontline soldier >ught everyone at the base was )bably a fool, and the brigade nmander probably thought he uld have won far more battles d it not been for someone at dbourne who was impeding the oration of his genius. The same ■t of thing happens in public ministration”. ♦ * senator Spooner, introducing a 1 to encourage search for :roleum in Australia: “Approxately £5O-million has been spent the search for oil in Australia d Papua-New Guinea during the t 50 years—no less than £33llion of it in the last four years... :erest in the search for oil ebbs d flows. . . In the Sahara, 2,000 holes were drilled before oil was discovered in commercial quantities More than 3,000 holes were drilled over 30 years before the great oilfields of Alberta were tapped Including the recent West Australian drilling and the companies operating in P-NG, the number of bore holes put down in Australia in the search for oil is insignificant. The total is about 400”.

Anderson Appeal

In High Court

TITHE High Court, in Sydney, in De- JL cember, began hearing an appeal •on charges involving a former P-NG ADO, Frederic Anderson.

Anderson was sentenced to a total of 21 months’ jail in Port Moresby m September after being convicted on five charges—two of having assaulted natives, two of having deprived natives of their liberty by fastening them to a flagpole, and one of having unlawfully confined a native to Tapini prison.

Anderson was given leave to appeal against the severity of sentences on all five charges.

However, his counsel decided on December 11 to seek leave to appeal against conviction in three of the charges. Since in one of these three charges—the one of confining a native to prison—Anderson had originally pleaded guilty, the new applications meant the court would have to give Anderson permission to amend this plea to not guilty. 139

I C I F I C Islands Monthly December, 1951

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December, I 957 Pacific Islands Monthl

Best Selling Books ... ►IMPULSION, by Msyer Levin. 25/- (post 1/2) IE LAST ANGRY MAN, by Gerald Green. 22/6 (post 1/-) tE SHORT REIGN OF PIPPIN IV, by John inbeck. 15/6 (post Bd.) E BLACK OBELISK, by Erich Maria Remarque. 18/9 (post 1/2) E SCAPEGOAT, by Daphne du Maurler. 18/9 (post lOd.) LDIER SURGEON IN MALAYA, by Thomas milton. 18/6 (post 9d.) SEAL MORNING, by Rowena Farre. 18/9 (post 1/-) THE TURN OF THE TIDE, by Arthur Bryant. 37/3 (post 1/-) CORAL SEA CALLING, by lon L. Idriess. 21/- (post 9d.) For Children PICCANINNY WALKABOUT, by Axel Poignant— a picture-story book for all ages. 16/- (post 7d.) A FISHY TALE, by Beryl Cooke. 13/6 (post 7d.) ANGUS & ROBERTSON LTD. 89-95 CASTLEREAGH ST. SYDNEY. 66-68 ELIZABETH ST. MELBOURNE, C.l.

Tahiti’s Prince of Con-Men ONFIDENCE men usually do not aspire to the priesthood, but there actually has been a case it in Tahiti. The true facts have ly recently been revealed, h 1954, a man calling himself ;count Pierre de Moulieres de augrand, landed in Papeete, irmed with an imposing collection letters and documents, many of ;m on Vatican Secretariat letterids, he called on the Bishop of sanie. Amongst the documents imitted to the Bishop was one ling upon him to ordain the irer a priest. The letter certified it the bearer had finished his dies in a Catholic seminary.

The “Viscount” was duly ordained and for three years carried out the duties of a priest in various districts of Tahiti. During this time he did not let the grass grow under his feet, but collected from the faithful gifts of money and even land.

However, this was not enough, and finally he over-reached himself by applying to the local gendarmerie for a pension, stating that he was a lieutenant of reserve in the French Army.

The gendarmerie sent to France for his dossier so as to establish pension rights, and to the surprise of everybody, word came back that tne “Viscount” was an imposter.

He has been charged with just about everything in the book.

Trace of the gentleman has been found in Noumea. It is believed that he spent 6 months in the barracks there in 1946. At that period his name was Demoutieres.

Dr. C. Maszaros, eye-specialist of Lae, New Guinea, returned recently of ter being on leave since March.

During his absence, people with eye trouble had to fly to Moresby for attention.

Travellers to Polynesia Passengers bound for the Islands per "Matua" from Auckland in November included (left to right): Mrs. M. Noel and Tony, who were bound for Apia; Mr. S. G. Helg and Mr. H. Shipps returning to Apia; and Samoan medical practitioner T. F. Leota and Mrs. Leota, returning to Apia from Dunedin, where Mr. Loeta has just completed a course at the Medical School. 141 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

V. i For a cool, exhilarating holiday visit the Eastern Highlands of New Guinea.

Goroka Hotel offers all those amenities that will make your stay a happy one.

The cuisine is excellent and the tariff moderate.

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Deaths Of Islands People

Mr Paul (“Karkar”) Schmidt

Mr. Paul Ignatius Schmidt, known widely and affectionately in New Guinea as “Karkar Smith”, died suddenly at his home in Paddington, Sydney, on December 5, from heart failure. He was aged 74.

“Karkar” was a young West Prussian, who had served in the German Navy, when he arrived in what was then German New Guinea, about 1904. He soon became deeply interested in planting: and when World War I broke out in 1914, and the Australians occupied German New Guinea, he already had planted up Kulili Estate, on Karkar Island, with over 30,000 coconut and 10,000 cotton trees. Because of his work on that island, he became generally known as “Karkar Smith”; and, although he lost all his properties in the Expropriation which followed Germany’s defeat in that war, he retained the name to the end of his life.

Mr. Schmidt re-established himself in New Guinea between the wars; and again was ruined when the Japanese invaded. He always was the proud and stiff-necked Prussian; and it was inevitable that he should be interned during World War 11. After 1945, he was too old and tired to make another effort in his adopted country, and he retired to live for some years in the Goslord district, NSW.

He was a well-read and courtly old gentleman, and those who knew him well esteemed him highly. He had a wide knowledge of “the German time” in New Guinea, and his memory was remarkable. It is believed that he was married but he had no children, and no relations in Australia. (Writing to PIM, about “Karkar”, Tolala said: “After War I he was not repatriated to Germany like most of his countrymen, but got himself a job after internment, looking after a property on Karkar Island. And here he made good Later he acquired the Neu Guinej Compagnle expropriated estate o Palmalmal, down the south coast o; New Britain. He settled down t< the orthodox planter’s life am married a New Zealander. It wa here he was living when War I broke. Later his property becaim famous as the Allied base a Jacquinot Bay”.) MR. T. M. O’CONNELL Well known in Fiji as forme manager of NZ National Air ways when that airline wa flying the Coral Route service, an lately general manager of Strait Air Freight Express, Ltd., Welling ton, NZ, Mr. T. M. O’Connell wa killed in an air crash near Christ church on November 21. Th company’s operations manager, firs officer and a passenger were als killed when the Bristol Freighte apparently lost a wing in mid-ai Metal fatigue was suspected an the company’s other aircraft wer temporarily grounded pendin inspection.

Mr. O’Connell headed a compan which has a very high standing i international aviation circles a one of the most progressive an modern air freighting companies i the world.

Capt. A. Liston-Blyth

Very belatedly we report th sometime ago of Captai: (Boer War veteran—“loth Th Kings”) Alexander Liston-Blyt sometime of West Africa (WAFF, Jamaica and the Solomons befoi he joined the Magisterial Servic of Papua.

The late Captain Blyth was wei known throughout the Territory where he was RM, Delta Divisioi He returned to Papua later wife the Natahte Co. which was goin to make motor spirit from th Delta nipa palms (atap, in Malay but of course, did not. He ha been living in retirement a Gosford for many years before hi death.

MRS. H. K. DRIVER The death occurred in Milmerrai Q’ld. on November 30 of Mrs. H. K Driver, formerly a well know] resident of Papua. Mrs. Driver, wh was widowed in 1948, is survived b one daughter, Mollie, and four soni Francis, Fred, Jack and Wiliiamthe latter being ADO at Lae, Nei Guinea.

Mrs. Driver was the daughter c the late Mrs. Elizabeth Mahone: who died in Sydney, aged 88, in 1943 and who was, during her long yean m Papua, known affectionately a the Queen of Sudest. Mrs. Mahonq went to Sudest (an Island off Si Papua) with her husband in 1881 shortly after gold was discoverei there. Her husband died early i) life and she carried on in his plac as miner, trader, mariner and en gineer. The story is told of because of ill-health, she was ono 142 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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ELECTRICAL fa it south to Cooktown, and that as m as she had recovered sufficient ength she chartered a ship and nt back —taking with her her ir children, a governess and a no-M;he first on the island.

Ars. Driver was one of those Idren and she knew Papua in ise early days when her mother 5 virtual ruler as well as friend 20,000 Sudest natives.

Mr. W. C. Nicholson

’he death occurred in Sydney ly in November of Mr. W. C. iholson, who was well known for ny years in Suva, Fiji, as the aer and manager of the Club tel and McDonald’s Hotel, le went to Fiji about 1926, and n established himself as a ding sportsman—he was inssted in horse racing, greyhound ing, a skating rink, clay-pigeon Dting. Mr. and Mrs. Nicholson ; Fiji in 1935 and took over the ima Hotel, in New South Wales.

Sister Marie Suzanne

’he death occurred in Paris, on member 16, of Sister Marie :anne, who served for some rs as a nursing sister at Makogai irosarium, in Fiji. he had worked for four years a new anti-leprosy vaccine, at Pasteur Institute, in Paris. She 1 at the age of 69, only an hour Jr she had been informed—by scientists of the Vatican, after intensive tests—that the vaccine was a success. t Qantas, in December, began its yearly chore of uplifting 700 schoolchildren from Australia to P-NG in seven “Schoolboy Special” aircraft in January, the mass uplift will begin again as the children return to school.

Inter Samoan

TENNIS Apia men won back the Ernest Reid Memorial Trophy and the ladies retained the Viopapa Trophy in the annual inter-island matches between Western and Eastern Samoa held recently in Apia. Players pictured at a cocktail party at the residence of the Hon. G. F. Betham are, left to right (men), E. Mann, R. Rankin, 0. Crichton, G. Keil, S. Ho Ching, S. Sa[?]ili, R. Betham, H. Scanlon, R. Pritchard, B. Huff, W. Bryce, S. Scanlon, M. Westerlund. Forsgren's Studio. 143 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER. 1957

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ASK FOR SHIPCHANDLERY CATALOGUE OR FOLDERS ON BOATS & ENGINES W. KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD. - 376-382 Kent St., Sydney Cobles: Kopsen, Sydney 144 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Apex Club—Service and Citizenship THE Apex Club has extended its activities to Lae, New Guinea, and although the inaugural ™ ner was held only on November <5O, an impressive number of community duties have already been undertaken by members.

The Club plans to rejuvenate the cxd swimming pool on the foreshore and has already been granted permission to raffle a car for funds.

When the pool is completed, the surrounding area will be turned inta parkland and a play area for children.

Apex has a number of ideals— such as the encouragement of high ethical standards in business. But perhaps it can best be summed up by another of its aims; Aggressive citizenship. This is something which most places can use, these days, and Apex is already giving Lae samples of how it is done. t Mr. L. M. Stanford, who joined Burns Philp and Co. Ltd. in 1920 and has served in Sydney, Fiji, Tonga and Wellington (NG) in November took up duty in Townsville <Q’ld.) as manager of the BP branch there. t Teleprinter connections in New Guinea between Port Moresby and Lae, and Port Moresby and Rabaul are currently being installed. [?]oan [?]rtswomen [?]men basketballers Apia, W. Samoa, tly concluded a ssful season. Top: [?]nment teachers' which won in B [?] (left to right, au Loto, Nora May Banse, Fia pope, Tala Toa, Aumatagi, Louisa wley , Liutofaga [?]gi, Lili teriko).

A grade cham- [?] s (front) M. rs, M. Swanney; e) T. Asi, Sister y (coach), F. n (capt.); (back) Strick land, J. Ah , R. Cook, L. Lan Forsgren Photo. [?]7-years-old Englishwoman, Mrs. Louise [?], recently arrived in New Caledonia Australia with this Ford V8 caravan in she is making a world tour. She has visited 37 countries. 145 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

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P-NG Trade Figures Copra, Rubber Cause Export Drop • Lower prices for copra, rubbe\ and cocoa are one of the man reasons why the value of Papua* New Guinea exports have droppei by £ 171,344, for 1956-57.

HOWEVER, it could have beej wo r s e—increases in primaa products and a greater produo tion of plywood and, surprisingl! gold, helped to offset the effects.!

Total export figure for the yea was £13,078,814.

Imports were £19,580,233, an in crease of £324,370 over the previoa year.

The new set of figures was an nounced in Port Moresby in De cember by P-NG Collector c Customs, Mr. T. Grahamslaw.

The figures show that main ill creases in imports were on food an fuel oils, including aviation petrol Value of copra and other coconj products exported was £7,104,8] (97,038 tons), compared wij £7,649,818 (96,815 tons) for tlj previous year.

Rubber exports were 3,966 ton worth £1,148,542, compared with 3,7 tons, worth £1,386,787, for the prea ous year.

Export of 2,125 tons of cod brought in £462,180, compared wij 1,289 tons, worth £360,864, the preil ous year.

Gold brought in £1,231,358, con pared with £1,073,116.

However, coffee exports were afl up, and earned more—274 tons (I by 103 tons) to bring in £183,49 compared with £93,829 for the preij ous year.

Wind-and-Water Plan for Tourists UNDER an agreement between tl Orient Line and trans-Paci air lines, it has been possible t some time past to purchase a U South Pacific return ticket with | choice of either sea or air travd Matson Line has now made] similar agreement with Pan Amel can Airways, though apparently n with other air lines.

Under the scheme, the alternati facilities only apply between thej and South Pacific ports and vi versa. It is not possible for. ss Suva residents, to travel by seal Auckland or Sydney per Mat# Line and return by Pan Amenci and it does not apply betwa Hawaii and the US or vice vert The plan is intended primarily! serve American tourists. 146

December, 19 5 7 -Pacific Islands Month!

vW»» W IP ♦ fcTS??? - ; Ml y:;:y ;;^ r w,. l% M.. 3-< r ■ Jll Take your family to the Eastern Highlands for their next holiday and stay with us.

Families are catered for at reduced holiday rates while special attention is given the children.

Wau

Telephone: Wau 25. Cables: “Mortel”

Bookings may also be made by writing P.O. Box 91, Port Moresby A Unit of Morobe Hotels [?]AT WAS THAT BOX?

Mystery of H-Bomb Island [GINEER Les Livingstone, of the Cook Islands vessel Melva, who was one of the very few Euroi outsiders to visit Penrhyn I during the British Pacific omb tests, series No. 1, told sthing of the excitement caused e, at that time, when his ship hed Auckland, in November, i probably the nearest inhabited to the test area, quite a lot nterest happened at Penrhyn, a whisper of which reached the ide world’s press at the time, i British and American military s set up camp near Omoka ?e, radio masts shot up, canteens led, and for a while the atolls ilation was swelled by several Ired outsiders. What the Ameriwere there for no one outside ialdom, which never releases information, however innocent, i quite figure out. Considerable ’est surrounded an American ” —not a “little black box”, a huge stainless steel or alloy sr, devoid of windows, which parked at the airfield a mile ) from the main camp, is was trundled out of the gapnaw of a big American freighter aft which dropped in, and tually it left the same way. ’. Livingstone said that one ;ing sidelight of social life durthe condominium regime was while the Americans, with their rs, were ever welcome in the sh canteen, the “Limeys” with “soft” currency were totally ceptable from a business point ew in the American canteen, dollars, no service—so the only ce that British servicemen had ijoying some of the amenities present in the British canteen as the guests of Americans who prepared to find the necessary i” currency.

Mr. Livingstone said that people were apt to forget all about the Pacific’s war-time built airstrips.

Penrhyn airstrip, of plain packed coral, virtually abandoned when the Americans left after the war, proved to be capable of handling very large aircraft with practically no prior preparation for use.

Islanders In Sydney

These Islands people visited the Polynesian Association recently in Sydney: LEFT; Charles Poircuite, Pierre Pelletier, Robert Maestracci.

CENTRE: Miss Louisa Chan, of Rabaul, NG, who is training at St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney.

RIGHT: Mr. and Mrs. Maafu Wilbanis, formerly of Tonga and Suva, now of Sydney.

Photos by Telephotos. 147 "IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

* [XTR* I I ? ■ MEMBERS > - ,**, * Aft.*' - •'•.w’W'- .WW*- ■r i-r, ?»* m

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Field-Marshal Sir William Slim

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For these savings, ENROLMENT FORM F 81312 To: WORLD BOOKS (AUSTRALIA) PTY. LTD., 86 BOURKE ST MELBOURNE, C.l (Or your local World Books Distributor) Please enrol me as a member of the WORLD BOOKS CLUB I agree to lake and pay for a! least six consecutive monthly books. I reserve the right to reject one book in each sequence of four, obtain a previous selection instead.

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December. Ilil-Pkif.C ,Siands Monthi'

Don't the Must f '4 r Star m£ A COLMAN'S of course! % Keep an eye on things photographically see the latest photo equipment at 42 HUNTER STRUT, SYDNEY. BW 5631 366 CHURCH STREET, PARRAMATTA. YY33IS N. Caledonia, A/asia Swap Scholars TOTAL of exchange scholars arriving in New Caledonia towards the end of this year is now 53.

The party from Australia arrived December 6 by Qantas. It is composed of 14 girls and 17 boys. The party is in charge of Mr. Keith Hudson, teacher of French at Newington College. Mr. Hudson was the instigator of these tours.

From New Zealand will go 10 girls and 13 boys. The girls will arrive December 13, with a chaperon: and the boys arrive a week later under the care of a teacher.

The youthful tourists will spend about three weeks in New Caledonia.

New Caledonian scholars will visit New Zealand and Australia in early January. The Apex Club in Australia has organised tours for the scholars to' Broken Hill and Adelaide.

Mr. N. L. M. Hunt, an old identity of Fiji, has suffered a good deal of illness lately. He was treated for pneumonia and complications at the Savu Savu Hospital, and then was sent to Suva, where he now is a patient in the TB Sanitarium.

Iome Was Never Quite

LIKE THIS [NE new quarters for married members of the Fiji Police Force have been built behind the idquarters in Suva and at the ning depot at Nasova. Two blocks six flats and two of four have n completed at Nasova. The :k behind headquarters contains units. ach flat is fully furnished and rent free. The occupants have supply their own refrigerators, :tric ranges, curtains, and a few er incidentals. hoto shows, top, exterior view of s at Nasova; lower, one section Dedroom. —P.R.O. Photo. 149 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

#

Merry Xmas

from £2.

Well, 1957 is almost over. In many ways it’s been a year of business ups and downs but, for the time being, let’s forget business and really enjoy the Xmas Season. Soon we 11 be back to business again—when you’ll have the best wishes of all at Sleepmakers for . . . a HAPPY and REALLY PROSPEROUS NEW YEAR!

SIEEPDIRKERS PIV. LTD. 252 RILEY STREET, SYDNEY. MA6192 COMPO ROAD, ROCKLEA. OLD. JU1695 YW If unable to obtain—contact our Agents for the Pacific Islands; AH Branches of BURNS PHILP (N.G.) LTD., BURNS PHILP (S.S.) CO. LTD.. BURNS PHILP (N.H.) LTD.

Lae Amateurs

Have Fun in the Vicarage A LOCAL surfeit of parsons, an escaped German POW, a Cockney! soldier, an actress turned parson’s wife, the snooping spinster and the maid, all combined to produce hilari-| ous comedy in the Vicarage when the Musical and Dramatic Society put on the good old farce, See Howi They Run, in Lae, NG, mid-l November.

However, an unscheduled stuck! door on the first night almost un-| did actors and audience alike —and it is possible that if Vivienne Lane! (the maid) had been unable to re-i lease her skirt and carried on skirt-1 less she would have really brought! the house down.

Schoolteacher Marie Edwards, as! the old maid; Diana Nizette as the!

Vicar’s ex-actress wife; John* Bretag as her Lance-Corporal friend J and, of course, Ida the maid, played! their parts with skill.

Brian Pearce, in the role of the! easy-going Reverend Toope also did! a lot of effective running.

After playing for three nights in!

Lae, the Society took the show to!

Bulolo, where an audience of over! 300 received them well.

It is a pity that this band of] hard-working young people do not! obtain more support for their first! nights—about 50 attended this show! and not many more the first night! of the last show, Blythe Spirit, pro-! duced some months ago.

There is not a wide choice of enter J tainment in Lae, but many residents! still wait to hear reports from first! nighters before giving their support! on the following nights.

Miss Deidre Stanford, who waa one of the “Blythe Spirits” in the! previous show, produced and directed See How They Run and did a mighty! job.

P.R.

New Automatic Copra Dryer rjiHE first of a new type of X matic copra-dryer, called th« “American” dryer has beeii imported by Mr. R. J. R. DouglasJ of Qacavulo Ltd., Taveuni, Fiji.

Green copra is loaded into the! drying area, the machine is starteM and automatic controls, including thermostats, look after the proces® until the determined degree of dryness is reached.

Hot air may be produced fronj fuel oils, husks, wood or any combustible material, and the blower may be operated by petrol or diesel engine or an motor 150 DECEMBER. 1951-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI*

QUEENSLAND INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated 1886 In Australia) Assets Exceed £10,000,000 Head Office:

Queensland Insurance

BUILDING, 80-82 PITT STREET, SYDNEY.

Specialists in South Sea Fire.

Marine & Accident Insurance* Apply to:— FlJl.—Branch Office: J. P. Drury, Manager.

Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

VlLA.—Burns Phllp (N.H.) Ltd.

Comptoirs Francais Des Nouvelles Hebrides.

NOUMEA.—L. & W. Johnston.

NEW GUlNEA.—Manager for the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, R. D. Kennedy.

Port Moresby—Samara!—Lae

—MADANG—KAVIENG—RABAUL.

Burns Phllp (New Guinea) Ltd.

PAGO PAGO.

Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

G. H. C. Reid & Co.

Other South Sea Islands

Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

Also to any of the Company’s Offices In Australia or N.Z.

Its all a matter of BALANCE blending that makes §col(isK Crram Whisky ' outstanding! 5^ A > • • • i m ■mm. » , , , „ ' Distributors: AUSTRALIAN MERCANTILE, LAND & FINANCE CO., LTD., 35A York Street, Sydney. Cables: Merchyork. Phone BX 6091 Fiji Basketball Season Ends...

Over 500 girls participated in the basketball competition in Suva in the season which [?]sed recently. The captain of ACS "A" team is shown here receiving the McFarlane Cup [?]m Mrs. W. W. Lewis-Jones, vice-president of the Association.

Shown in centre are Mr. H. Charman and Miss A. G. Naylor, who managed the Fiji touring sketball team in New Zealand last winter.

Photo: G. Honson. 151 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

by j HA / Sole Factory Re pre for Queensland and NEW GUINEA for RICHARD KLINGER LTD. of Sidcup, Kent, England Manufacturers of PRODUCTS m Including '/IffCi// m and 1000 • STEAM and AUTOMOTIVE JOINTINGS together with a

Complete Range

Of Steam, Chemical &

WATER VALVES.

COCKS and LEVEL INDICATORS, etc. • Good Supplies Now Available For lull details, advice and information. write, phone or wire:- Wmjjrsk 43 BOWEN STREET, BRISBANE.

Telegraphic: “Covic”, Brisbane 152 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Keen’s Curry 6* Cnltf bif Toting MADf I H I U R t cot MUST SAVi

On Expense!

USE MORE

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Creamy Custard No eggs! No effort! The world'&creamiest custard richer, more delicious, goes further than any other custard powder.

The famous English Custard made In Australia W Claris Custarp Powder Vanilla Quints i lb-"* 1 0133 S. Pacific Commerce and Industry COLONIAL SUGAR REFINING CO.: An interim ndend of 4 per cent., equal to 16/- on a 0 share, has been declared. This 8 per cent e compares with last year's 10 per cent.; 1 the new rate was foreshadowed when the ent l-for-3 bonus issue was announced.

Enterprise Of New Guinea Gold And

FROLEUM DEVELOPMENT. The annual general etmg will be held in Melbourne on December Fhe mine manager at the company's gold ses in Morobe, NG, reports that for the nth of November 28 oz of retorted gold lion was recovered from 28 tons of deopment ore. * * * fICKEL CO.: It was announced in Noumea in /ember that the new permanent directorieral of the company will be M. Rene Meyer I that the appointment of Mr. Dewez, anmced last month, was only in an acting c* ty i , M J ye . r . has recentl Y retired from Steel-Coal Pool m Europe and now heads 3trep a huge company with many ramificais. It is financed by French banks and there also Belgian interests involved. This is company that is exploiting Sahara oil. * * *

(Orfolk Is. And Byron Bay Whaling

1 P* clared a dividend of 4d per share 6-2/3 per cent, for year ended October 31. company began operations in August, 1956 made a net profit of £31,047 for the * * * IJI BREWERY; At the annual general meetof Carlton United Breweries, Ltd., in Melrn.e' a * e ? d . of November, the chairman ed that the brewery which the company run in Suva in conjunction with W. R. »enter and Co., should begin operations about August, 1958. * * * OITAKI PARA RUBBER ESTATES, LTD.: Be- >e of the unpredictability of rubber price, company will develop a second crop— »a. This was stated recently by the chairof the company, Mr. Philip Pring. He that although rubber was being produced the estate at a much faster rate than last ’, the price had declined by about lOd per pound on the rate at the same period year.

LACER DEVELOPMENT, LTD.: At the annual :ral meeting in Vancouver, BC, on Novem- -12, shareholders approved the directors' irt and consolidated accounts; the retion of retiring directors and reappointt of Vancouver and Sydney auditors. ie special resolution for the amendment of company's articles of association was also ed. At a meeting of directors following annual meeting, the Hon. C. A. Banks appointed Chairman of the Board; Mr. . Simpson appointed President; and Messrs.

W. Austin and T. H. McClelland, viceidents. ie report of proceedings at the meeting xcedingiy interesting as it lists the many panics spread world-wide in which Placer nancially interested, and which account for company's strong position. In his annual rt, Mr. J. D. Simpson said (in part); Fou will have noted in the balance sheet litted for the year ended April 30, 1957, the cash in hand and in banks for Placer lopment. Ltd. itself is recorded as $lO 162,651. Particularly m these times of tight money this places your company in a strong position to bring into production properties which our extensive exploration programme might develop. In the meantime a large part of these cash balances is earninq interest for the company as time deposits." * % % TASMAN EMPIRE AIRWAYS, LTD.: In a glossy brochure, this Government-owned airservice, has presented its annual report for the year ending March 31, 1957. Net profit for the year is shown as £NZ235,880. Loan capital was reduced during the year under review from £NZ550,000 to £NZ450,000, and since balance date it has been reduced by a further £NZ3OO,OOO. The remaining amount is expected to be paid off long before due date—September, 1959. This company has, however, some problems of requipment ahead of it that are only touched on lightly in the report; the replacement of obsolescent flying-boats on the Coral Route; and also of the DC6 fleet by end of 1959.

W. R. CARPENTER AND CO.: A prepared statement on its capital issues since July, 1923, shows that the average price paid by a person who invested in 1923 and took up all his subsequent rights, would have been 1/3 per share. A purchase of 500 shares at 20/6 in 1923 would have grown to 1,986 shares costing £1,889 by the end of 1938. But in 1949 his total cost would have been reduced CORRECTION Due to a transposition in these columns on P u 9e . J 1 u s ' "3 November PIM, an item which should have formed the second paragraph under Papuan Apinaipi in column two, was placed under the item concerning Enterprise of New Guinea Gold and Petroleum Development in column one.

This made it appear that Enterprise was holding its Annual General Meeting on Novemblr .I 1 This was - of course, not so. The offending paragraph read; ''Annual general meeting of the company will be held in Sydney on November 11 to receive balance sheets and accounts and to elect two directors. Shareholders will be asked to consider the resolution that full power be given to directors to convert from time to time into stock units of 5/- each, alj fully paid shares heretofore or hereafter taken up or issued."

We repeat, the paragraph referred to Papuan Apinaipi and not to Enterprise.

We apologise for the mistake. 153 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

Sydney Stock

EXCHANGE December 6.

Boyer Seller Burns Philp • 61/6 62/3 Burns Philp (SS) . ■ 44/- 45/6 CSR • £411 £42 Dylup Plantations . 12/- 12/3 Hackshalls • 38/- 40/- Kauri Timber • 21/9 22/6 Kerema Rubber 8/6 11/6 Koitaki . 12/- 12/4 Lolorua Rubber Estates 8/9 Mariboi Rubber 6/- 6/6 Norfolk Is. Whaling . 4/1 4/2 Queensland Insurance 65/- 69/- Queensland Insurance (new) — Rubberlands 5/6 6/- Sthn. Pacific Insurance . 51/- Sthn. Pac. Insurance (new) 51/- — Steamships Trading . 48/3 48/9 Timor Oil 7/2 7/3 W. R. Carpenter . — —

Oil And Mining Shares

FIJI Aug., '39 June, '57 Dec. 6, '57 Emperor . . . b/9/11 blO/3 b7/3 Loloma .... s25/6 b27/n.q.

PAPUA-NEW GUINEA Bulolo .... b!24/b45/s41/- N.G.G. Ltd. . . bl/TO b2/2 s2/4i Oil Search . . b3/ll bl4/ll b6/ll Ent. of N.G. . — s2/b9d Oriomo Oil . . b5/b6/6 b4/7 Papuan Apin. . b4/l 1 b3/6 b2/6 Placer Dev. . . b68/6 bl01/6 b88/- Sandy Creek bl/5 s6d s6d Rid yourself of punting anti paddling— ami increase your incmmei m fW Brcnze in the water.

MR i/REuEI Let the Archimedes heavy-duty motor A-4 do the job for you: 4 h.p. cyl.capacity 16 3/ 4 cu.in, (275 cc) 1,400 r.p.m. only 3-bladed propeller with a diameter of 14 n/ 64 in. (360 mm) running at 800 r.p.m. only the superior motor > f or faking an d heavy I transport, built on 46 years’ experience.

Sole Agents NELSON & ROBERTSON Pty. Ltd.

Plantation House, 197 Clarence St., Sydney Cables: “Ivan”, Sydney Tel.: 8X2871 (10 lines) to £1,005 by capita! return of 10/- per share in that year. Since then a share split, a bonus issue and a two-for-one exchange leaves the original holder of 500 shares with 15,888 5/- shares whose value is around 12/- (current market quotations are around twice that but include the latest one-for-one bonus). * * * OIL SEARCH, LTD.; Annual report released early December shows that Australasian Petroleum Co., of which Oil Search has 10 per cent, interest, has not planned for further exploration work in Papua beyond the four current wells, Barikewa, Puri, Komewu No. 2 and Kuru No. 3 (the last two to be spuddedin soon). Future of APC's exploration activities will be discussed with overseas advisers early next year. Liquid assets of Oil Search are £583,059; this is expected to be sufficient to meet commitments until late next year. * * * NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS, LTD.: Net profit for year ended June 30, was approximately half of profit for previous year. No dividend has been declared. Net profit is £70,349. Mining profit drop was caused by large amount of unproductive work in alluvial operations; and trading profit fall, caused by severe limitation imposed by P-NG Administration on timber to be cut (reported chairman at annual general meeting on December 16, in Sydney). Outlook in both departments is improving.

PAPUAN APINAIPI PETROLEUM CO., LTD.: The chairman, Mr. Bruce W. Graham, has announced that the company expects to spud-in its Kaufana well on December 11.

Progress In The Gulf

NATIVES in lokea village, in the Kukipi area of the Papuan Gulf district, have started their own public utility—a water supply service which has ownership vested in the community.

They dammed a creek with a. small concrete dam, and laid a mile of piping to their village. 154 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Air Photographs

Every city and town in New Zealand. including rural and scenic areas.

Norfolk Is.. Lord Howe, Noumea, Suva, Lautoka, Nukualofa, Apia, Aitutaki, Rarotonga, Papeete, Moorea, Kermadecs, Rabaul, Port Moresby, Lae.

Size 10 by 8 inches —7/6 (N.Z.) ea., plus 1/- pack and post. Enquiries invited for colour or larger sizes.

WHITES AVIATION LTD.

P.O. Box 2040, Auckland, New Zealand. irways Timetables (Continued from page 13) FIJI INTERNAL AIRWAYS (Cont’d.) va-Labasa-Suva: Daily. va-Taveuni-Suva: Frl., Sun. va-Taveuni-Savusavu-Suva: Wed. va-Savusavu-Taveunl-Suva; Thurs. va - Labasa - Savusavu - Labasa - Suva; Tues., Thurs, va-Labasa-Taveunl-Labasa-Suva: Frl. va-Savusavu-Suva: Mon., Tues. va - Savusavu - Labasa - Savusavu - Suva: Sat., Sun. !1. N. Caledonia-Loyalty Is.

Internal Service Societe Caledonienne de Transports Aeriens (TRANSPAC), with Rapide aircraft. umea (Magenta), Lifou (Chepenehe), Noumea; Tues. a.m. umea, Mare (Tadine), Noumea: Tues, p.m. umea, Mare, Lifou, Noumea, or Noumea, Lifou, Mare, Noumea, alternatively, Thurs. a.m. umea, Koumac, Noumea (with conditional call at Plaine des Gaiacs): Fri. a.m. umea, Lifou, Ouvea Is.: Wed. mornings, umea, Poindimie, Noumea (with conditional call at Houailou). Frl. p.m. umea, He des Pins, Noumea: Saturday and Sunday afternoons. 22. Micronesia Trans Ocean Airlines. teing Grumman Albatross twin-motored phibious flying-boats, TOA operates a /ice throughout the Trust Territory of :ronesia on behalf of the US Governit. Details from Trans Ocean Airlines, ina, Guam. 23. French Oceania Inter- Island Service Regie Aerienne Interinsulair (RAI), with Amphibious Catalina. ice weekly service to the Leeward Group. dnesday: Papeete, Raiatea, Bora Bora, Raiatea, Papeete. day: Papeete, Huahine, Raiatea, Papeete. ooking agents in Papeete: Messageries ritimes. [?]w Conditions for [?]G Highlands Labour N additional Highlands labour scheme began operating in Papua-New Guinea on Deiber 1.

Inaer the scheme, native labour 1 be made available from the stern Highlands (and some from Southern Highlands), as well the Eastern Highlands. A new our centre has been established Mt. Hagen. it the same time as the new emc began operating, the maxim term of agreement for labourfrom high altitude areas was ended from 18 months to 24 nths, and other variations were de.

Castaway Now Stowaway Robert Tomarchin came back into world headlines with another of his amusing vranks on November 27 when he stowed away on the New Zealand Shipping Co. vessel “Rangitata”. He was discovered after the vessel had left Panama for New Zealand.

It is believed that he was trying to rejoin his chimpanzee, Moko, which he left behind on Pitcairn Island when he was “encouraged” to leave there Panama-bound on the “ Rangitiki” on October 27.

" Rangitata” was due in Auckland on December 8. During the vessel’s brief stay off Pitcairn, Tomarchin was kept out of sight. He was not permitted to see Pitcairners.

The Fiji Government’s reaction to the news that Tomarchin was on “Rangitata” was immediate—on no account was he to be allowed to land.

Tomarchin and his chimpanzee have provided entertainment for newspaper readers for two or three months— since first he was sighted on Henderson Island, where he alleged he had been dumped by the owners of “Flying Walrus”. It is doubtful if the Governments or the shipping companies involved find Tomarchin very amusing. It is about time that he was charged with being a public nuisance.

New Dc3 Plane

What Santa Brought Mandated Airlines THE glamour DC3 of Mandated Airline’s fleet arrived in Lae, NG, December 2 on a through flight from Sydney, Brisbane, Cairns and Lae. She carried a mixed bag of cargo, including company stores, and 20 bee hives and 2 pigs for Mr. Danny Leahy, of Goroka.

On Wednesday, December 4, she took off for her maiden Territory flight—to Rabaul.

The Manager of MAL, Mr. H.

Hindwood, said “she is very clean now, but we’ll soon make her dirty”.

This is the luxury DC3 that MAL purchased from the Commonwealth Bank some months ago—the Bank used her for carrying VlP’s.

But, alas, she has been in the Fairey Aviation Co.’s workships at Bankstown ever since purchase, undergoing tests and modification to suit NG conditions. This means she’s now more freighter than passenger carrier.

Who Will Know

The Difference!

Fire-walkers’ Stones For a Film Studio ONE of the most unusual cargoes ever to leave the Pacific Islands —namely, 16 drums of “firewalking stones”—was shipped from Suva to Los Angeles on the liner Monterey on November 22.

A Cinerama unit of the Dudley Pictures Corporation was in Fiji a few months ago, and it shot a quantity of film showing Fijian firewalkers in action. But when the film was tested in USA, it was found that the shots of the actual firewalking had been taken from only one angle, and that the picture was distorted and unsatisfactory.

It was decided that the stonewalking part must be re-photographed.

As it was not possible to take Mahomet to the mountain, the mountain must be taken to Mahomet.

In other words, it was requested that sufficient of the stones actually used in firewalking be shipped to the studios to line a fire-pit there.

Presumably, a certain number of feet will be chosen, and dyed; and they will go into the pit, and imitate the actions of the firewalkers’ feet in the spoiled film, while the thing is re-filmed.

It is not indicated that any heat will be applied to the stones in the studio. Heat effects will be obtained through the use of steam. It may be expected, however, that plenty of heat will be generated by the Fijian fire-walkers, if ever they see the film, which is unlikely as there are only about 20 Cinerama theatres in the world.

The shipment of stones was arranged, for the studios, by the Director of the Fiji Visitors’ Bureau, Mr. R. A. Hewlett. Mr. Hewlett has •an enviable local reputation as a humourist. t The Papua-New Guinea Administration in mid-December ordered evacuation of Man a m Island, Madang, because of severe volcanic activity. There are 4,000 natives on Manam. 155 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEMBER, 1957

FOOT ITCH Helped IsiDay Do your feet itch so badly that they nearly drive you crazy? Does the skin crack and peel? Are there blisters between your toes and on the soles of your feet? If you suffer from these foot troubles the real cause is a germ or fungus which you must kill to get rid of the trouble. Fortunately it is at last possible to end these foot troubles, Tinea and stubborn cases of Eczema, Ringworm, etc., with an American Hospital Discovery called Nixoderm. Nixoderm stops the itch in 7 minutes, kills germs and fungus and in 24 hours the skin begins to heal clear and smooth. Get Nixoderm from your chemist to-day under positive guarantee to return your money if not satisfied.

Melons, Bread-Loaves on Weather Charts IN Auckland, where a weather chart covering a large part of the South- West Pacific appears in the morning paper, planters on leave and those interested in Islands weather generally keep a close watch on it and its curving lines of air-pressure.

When "something is cooking", large concentric ovals appear, soon to wear a letter L for "Low" in their centre.

Next, the inner ovals develop into circles —and if the circles grow smaller and appear some morning with the letter-T (for "Tropical depression") in their centre, it's time to switch on the short-wave receiver and listen to what's going on up there —for this is when a hurricane is born.

This sequence of events took place north-east of the New Hebrides in mid- November, and it appeared as though the New Hebrides, New Caledonia, or Fiji, might be "for it"—depending on the unpredictable direction of movemen;.

The L became a T on the afternoon of November 15, when the circles were tightening in and moving steadily towards that Fiji hurricane playground, the Yasawas, north of Nadi.

Gale warnings were issued in Fiji, and were continued the next couple of days, but the T hesitated, slowly veering eastward north of the Group, then "filled".

The circles became melons, then loaves of bread, on the chart, and the danger was over—until the next one appears, as it surely will before this present hurricane season ends in mid- April.

Although this one did not produce winds above the 40-knot level, it was evidently the cause of a deal of wet, boisterous, unpleasant weather throughout the Gilbert and Ellice, northern Fiji, Tonga, and New Hebrides regions.

FOR SALE

Liiuiio Electric' Plant

ALTERNATOR: 125 K.V.A., 2,200 V. 50 C. 3 Phase Direct Coupled to Hydraulic Turbine, 175 8.H.P., 1,000 R.P.M. at 225 Ft. Head.

Two of the above units are available in first class running order complete with Transformers, Switchboards, etc. • DIESEL UNITS up to 400 415 V. and 2.200 V • DIESEL LOCO- MOTIVES 2 ft. Gauge. • CRANES, ELECTRIC, Full Slewing, etc., on 3 ft.

Gauge Track. • IRRIGATION PUMPS From 10,000 to 16,000 Gls./Minute. • STEEL PIPE to 4 ft. 6 in. Diam. • BOILERS ENGINES, ETC., ETC.

EDON SALVAGE CO.

Box 5078 AA, Melbourne, Austrolio

Dismal Implications Of

Asian Populations

60m Increase Since Was Launched SINCE the Colombo Plan was brought into operation (July 1, 1951), to try to cope with some of the acute politico-economic problems arising from the overpopulation of Southeast Asia countries (not including China or Japan), the population of the countries concerned has increased by 60 millions.

That statement (made in an official Australian publication) shows the hopelessness of the Colombo Plan, or any other idealistic conception of the kind.

Under the Plan, Britain, United States, Australia, Canada and New Zealand agreed to take part in a joint effort to raise the standard of life in the area of Southeast Asia covered by the countries of India, Burma, Pakistan, Ceylon, Indonesia, Malaya, Singapore, Thailand , Vietnam, and the smaller States thereabouts.

Britain promised £42 millions, spread over some six years; Canada, £5O millions, Australia, £34 millions; New Zealand. £3 millions, United States about £lOO millions.

Between them, the Anglo-Saxon nations are spending about £45 millions per annum on land improvement, irrigation, electricity, municipal service, communication and transport, and food production projects in the countries named.

Within the latter countries there are about 530 million people (one quarter of the earth’s population), and their breeding habits have not been disturbed by the Anglo- American Colombo Plan. As stated, since the Plan was launched, their population is up by 60 millions.

Australia’s share of the Plan is £34 millions. Up to June 30, 1957, Australia spent £22 millions of it.

In addition. Australia’s Universities are packed out with Asian students, many of them brought in under the Colombo Plan. In June last, the 2000th trainee under the Plan arrived in Australia. It was estimated then that there were 4,000 students from Asia and the Pacific Islands in Australia. £45 millions per annum will not go far, when spread over 16 Asian countries, carrying 530 million people, Realistic observers will be pardoned if they fail to see how it is possible to achieve anything in the way of diverting, from these South Pacific countries, the inevitable southwards swarming of the Asians.

Behind the 530 million people in the Colombo Plan countries there are also 600 million Chinese and nearly 100 million Japanese, whose faces generally are turned southwards.

Coming of Age The smile that Miss Clare Perichon (centre) is displaying is presumably over something Mr. Chris Normoyle has said as he presents her with the traditional key, during her 21st birthday party in Port Moresby. Miss Perichon's mother is o[?] the right.

Photo: Papuan Prints[?] 156 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

The Pacific Islands Society (Founded 1937) Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons interested in Islands affairs, are invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social and cultural centre for those interested in the Pacific Islands.

Regular meetings and social gatherings, with lectures, are held at the Feminist Club Rooms. 7th Floor, 77 King St., Sydney, on the fourth Thursday of each month, at 8 p.m.

Address for correspondence:— THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box £434, G.P.0., Sydney.

Enjoy a little lift

Feel Refreshed

Chew Wrigley’s Gum.

Lively flavour cools your mouth,, refreshes your taste. Enjoy your old favourite with a new name anytime, anywhere.

Healthful! Refreshing!

G. 45 Delicious!

Polynesian Association Party in Sydney !' The Messagerles Maritime ship Resurgent, which has been on the Marseille-Noumea run for the last few years, is to be replaced by a chartered Italian motor ship, Melanisien. This vessel was constructed in 1927, is a motor vessel, carries 6,000 tons of cargo, 100 firstclass passengers, and 80 in 3rd class.

First voyage will be in January.

Terminus will be at Noumea; the vessel will not continue to Sydney.

Rarotonga Store Burned Out Shortly after mid-day, on November 5, a fire, believed ■o have been started by an mextinguished cigarette butt, completely destroyed the offices md store of the United Islands Trading Company of Rarotonga.

Mr. W. H. Watson, Maniger of UIT, had only just eft for lunch. He returned to lis store a few minutes later md found the building blazng furiously.

The fire is believed to have tarted in the paint store, and mined a rapid hold due to a resh NE wind. There are no cater mains in Rarotonga, but he fire engine of the Airways department arrived in an imazingly short time from likao Airstrip, two miles \way.

When the fire engine’s water upply gave out, water was i umped from the nearby igoon, but it soon became bvious that the store could M be saved and efforts were oncentrated on saving adacent buildings.

There were no casualties as he fire occurred during the inch hour, but some nearby Taori homes were damaged Extensions were being made ) the store when the fire roke out.

Mr. Watson thanked the umerous people who helped i the fire-fighting. A much nailer store, situated a short istance away, was hastily inverted to accommodate an looming shipment of goods, nd it ’is understood that a ew store will be built on the fe of the one lost by fire. -W.H.P. lands visitors to the Polynesian Association ydney recently included, left, Mademoiselle yne Chodzka, of Noumea, and Mr. Robert Lee, of Papeete, Tahiti. Right, Mr. George Solomon, of Rotorua, and Miss Mona Menzies, of Norfolk Island. —Photo by Teleohotos. 157

C I F I C Islands Monthly December, 1957

Classified Advertisements Per line, 3/-; Minimum, 3 lines.

ACCOMMODATION HOLIDAY ACCOMMODATION, Apia, Western Samoa. House, two bedrooms, lounge, dining and kitchen and all conveniences. Fully furnished, linen and cutlery supplied if required. Rent £5/10/per week. Cable or write; Annie Jones, Box 40, Apia, Western Samoa.

FURNISHED FLATS, Cremorne. Sydney.

Water frontage, large, comfortable, two bedrooms, linen and cutlery, 10 minutes to city. Enquiries: Nelson & Robertson Pty. Ltd., G.P.O. Box 5316, Sydney, Aust.

KANIMBLA HALL, 19-29 Tusculum St., Potts Point, 5 mins, city, next Kings Cross, modern, 9 floors, harbour views, restaurant, S.C., furn. serviced suites with separate Lounge, Bed. & Bath Rms. & K’ettes. Refrig., HW. from 2V 2 Gns. daily for 2; from 4 Gns. for 3. Under new management. Write or Phone FL 3014.

Telegrams; “Kanimblahall”, Sydney.

MODERN, self-contained holiday flats, including refrigeration, cookers, tiled bathroom, etc. 5 mins, bus service city.

Cargam, 12 Springfield Ave., Potts Point.

Sydney, Aust.

HEATHERBELLE GUEST HOUSE, Mrs.

Annie Jones, Beach Road, Apia. Western Samoa, caters for permanent and casual guests at reasonable tariff. Five minutes from good swimming beach. See the native village life. Samoan dancing held for Tourists arriving by plane and steamer.

Drive Yourself Cars

DRIVE YOURSELF CAES—At your service in Brisbane. Lloyd-De Laurier Pty.

Ltd., Rowes Cafe Lane, Edward St., Brisbane, Queensland. Phone: FA 1091.

Enquiries invited.

CAHILL'S

Drive Yourself Cars

93 George St., Brisbane

B 0505—8 0506—8 4132 1957 HOLDEN SEDANS Unlimited Insurance Cover Available. •Open Sat.-Sun. 8 a.m. to 12 noon.

AFTER HOURS, PHONE NOS.

FW 1596 XW 3414 XA 4323 M 2476 Write or Phone for Price List.

FOR SALE ISLAND VESSELS under construction. 40 ft. army-type workboat, wheelhouse and accommodation fwd., and large open cockpit. 40 ft. raised-deck workboat wheelhouse, and large hold for cargo below decks. 45 ft. raised-deck workboat, for cargo and personnel. Above vessels are of sturdy construction, built to rigid specifications. Delivery at short notice.

Specifications, price, etc., will be supplied on request. Builders; Wynne S. Breden Pty. Ltd., “Phoenix Shipyards”, Newcastle, N.S.W.

NORFOLK ISLAND, four acres, freehold, large house, fully furnished, three bedrooms, electrified from main supply. On main road. Also on property general store leased. Write; Mrs. E. K. Ward, Norfolk Island.

FLEETS, 40 ft. flush-deck workboat, 3 years old, hdwd. bottom, 100 h.p. Perkins marine diesel, echo sounder, 2-way radio, all trawl gear, £4,000. Fleets, Water Street East, South Brisbane, Australia.

SERVICES WATCH REPAIRS to all brands of watches. Send your repairs directly to the only Swiss watchmaker giving service to the Pacific Islands. Rapid service—all work guaranteed. Swiss - Clox Watch Service, 9 Garner Avenue, French’s Forest, Sydney, Australia.

Shells Wanted

WANTED, beautiful perfect shells for exhibition collection and exchange, variety pairs to 1,000. Price and if possible samples smaller types to M. Kelly, 28 Fifth Ave., Coorparoo, Brisbane, Australia.

Books, Magazines

All Books And Journals On Ausf

Tralasia And The Pacific Boughf

AND SOLD. Catalogues issued and sen! free on application. Correspondence ini vited. Berkelouw, 38 King St., Sydney,, Telephone: BX 1243.

Visitors to Sydney—

“Pacific Islands Monthly” J

is always on sale at Charlesworth & Milligan’s Magazine Kiosk, Cnr. Martini Place and George Street.

“The Ship Captain’S Medic A 1

GUIDE”, 19th edition, published by He!

Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, is confined necessarily to prevention ani treatment as can be carried out by thl layman. Consequently is most suitabl and necessary in remote areas. Priq 48/6 posted. Technical Booksellers, 56 Hunter Street, Sydney, Australia. 1957 EDITION "Power Farming Technics Annual”, priced 12/6, post free, now avail! able. Contains a wealth of informatiol and data on all makes and model! tractors, farm machinery and implement!

Sydney & Melbourne Publishing Co. Ltd!

Box 1813, G.P.0., Sydney, Australia.

Mnttt unCfIUM If you cough, wheeze, can’t breathe or sleep well due to Asthma, Catarrh or Bronchitis attacks, get MENDACO from your chemist or store today.

MENDACO works through the blood and bronchial tubes to dissolve and remove offending phlegm congestion. Then your sough is curbed, you can oreathe freely, sleep like a baby, knd regain natural energy. Satisfaction or money back is guaranteed. Save this notice.

Position Wanted

MARRIED COUPLE, age 40, no children, seek position as Plantation Manager. Experience rubber, copra trading in all phases.

Present contract concludes March 15. Consider partnership or lease Trading Post. Please reply: “Gee”, c/o Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, Aust.

Columbia Pictures Proprietary Limited

16 AAM Motion Picture Agency New Guinea: COLUMBIA PICTURES PROPRIETARY LIMITED gives notice that the 16 mm. Agency granted to New Guinea Company Limited has expired. Until further notice the distribution and/or exhibition rights to all Columbia films are reserved to Columbia Pictures Proprietary Limited in Sydney, Australia.

WARNING. Columbia Pictures Proprietary Limited hereby advises exhibitors that legal action will be taken in respect of any unauthorised distribution and/or exhibition of the Company’s film.

COLUMBIA PICTURES PROPRIETARY LIMITED, 251 a Pitt Street, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 158 DECEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLI

Protect Your Investment Plantation owners have invested a great deal of money in their properties and it should be adequately protected by insurance.

The best possible safeguard is to place your insurance with us.

You may have your Copra protected from the time it is collected on the plantation until it is delivered to the Copra Marketing Board Store. This insurance covers you against marine perils, also against fire, pilferage and non-delivery whilst on land.

Rubber may be covered on “All Risks” conditions from the time of collection on the Estate, then whilst in store or in transit in Papua or New Guinea, until delivered into store in Australia.

For those engaged in the Timber Industry, Gold Mining or any other enterprise in the Territory insurances may be arranged to cover your operations.

Contact us without delay and let us help you with our knowledge on all aspects of Insurance.

It's a Service without Obligation

Harvey Trinder

Insurance Brokers

Champion Parade, Port Moresby

Box 104 P.O. Port Moresby. Phone 2373 Agents PORT MORESBY & SAMARAI . Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.

RABAUL .. .. A. Hopper.

BULOLO .. .. A. Carter.

MADANG. C. W. D. Rock.

Insurances at Lloyd*s and Companies LAE A. Scott.

WAU P. Leydin.

HONIARA, 8.5.1. P E. V. Lawson. index to Advertisers : R. Ltd. . . 141 tra Service . 61 143 -Vite ... 74 L. & F. . . 151 ss, W. & Co. 120 eton, N. V. . 48 tt, Wm. . . 4 d 137 alian Cotton 110 A 68 r, W. Jno. . 109 of NSW 91, 139 >ll, Gwyn . . 9 ;wood Hodge 44 . . 46 i.C 11 ord Mills . 52 ion Bros. . 134, 145 & Holliday 108 h United iries ... 123 Iway Motors . 9 it & May . 132 on & Co. . . 87 ng, A. H. . . 69 W. J. . . 62 . 74, 85, 100, 115, 145 )ry . . . . 130 m Breweries 104 nter Ltd. . . 76 The Hotel . 27 .E 135 tream P/L . 14 te . . . 75, 86 ms Mustard 149 ial Meat . 60 ial Sugar . 53 r Watson . . 66 Ith Bank . . 54 nond Co. . 128 all, A. H. . 67 < .... 160 til Marg. . 72 5 & Danziel 73 ir, G. & M. 136 d Ltd. . . 102 ass, W. C. . 35 p Rubber . 42 Steel . . 16 Wm. ... 93 es .... 149 Dnald . . .110 day Prods. . 59 , Wm. . . 93 Depot . . 65 Clark . . 153 e & Hiedecke 119 e Rum . . 62 er Eng. . . 96 ', W. & A. . 94 3ie Bros. . . 58 3ie, R. . 1, 124 jrooks Paints 146 n's Gin . . 70 a, Hotel . 142 : Traders . 138 , (Suva) . . 13 Ltd. . 49, 90 r sen, B. . . 43 rsen Sons . 47 , K. & Co. 102 / Trinder . 159 igs Diesels 140 y's Ltd. . 15? y Ltd. . . 103 gway Robert- Institute . 37 mks ... 38 ational /ester . 30, 31 University ety . . . 131 ansport . . 42 K.L.M 12 Keen's Curry . . 153 Kennedy, Capt. . 117 Kerr Bros. ... 28 Kiwi Polish ... 34 Kopsen & Co. . 144 Lawrence, A. . .98 Lawton Pty. Ltd. . 37 Macßobertson P/L 34 Me 11 rath's ... 32 Maize Products . 61 Marine Spares . 45 Mason Bros. . . 46 Mendaco . . .158 Millers Ltd. . . 107 Mitchell's Tours . 33 Morris, H. ... 117 M. H. Ltd. . 26, 111 Mungo Scott . . 97 Nathan & Wyeth . 66 N. & R. . 106, 154 Nestles .... 95 NG Aust. Line . . 6 Nile Products . 116 Nixoderm . . .156 N.Z.N.A.C. ... 2 Orient Line ... 10 Papuan Prints 90 Parke Davis 71, 118 Parker Pen Co. . 92 P. I. Line ... 8 Piccaninny Wax 122 Qld. Insurance . 151 Ransomes Co. . 121 Rohu, Sil . . . 105 Sandy, J. ... 45 Seppelt & Son . 112 Seward Ltd. . . 114 Shaw Savill ... 7 Shell Co. Ltd. . . 64 Sleepmakers Ltd. 150 S.P.C 5 Sparklets Ltd. . . 63 S.T.C. Co. . . . 87 Stapleton, J. . . 113 Stewarts-Lloyds . 98 S.P. Brewery . . 89 Sthn. Pac. Ins. . 133 Sullivan Ltd. 39, 50, 99 Tait, W. S. . . 57 Tatham, S. E. . . 38 Taubmans Ltd. . 114 Thornburgh College 58 Tilley Lamps . . 55 Thornycroft Co. . 105 Til lock & Co. . 126 Tongala Milk . . 40 Tooth & Co. . . 109 Turners & Growers 50 Tyneside Eng. . . 51 United Insurance 53 U.R.D 129 Ventura . . . .160 Van Gelder, J. P. 101 Victa Mowers . . 127 Vi-Stim .... 125 Vincent's APC 29 Vitamin Supplies 57 Wakefield, C. C. . 88 Walkers Ltd. . . 113 Warnock . . . .106 Wau, Hotel . . 147 Webster, D. & Sons 73 Westfield Meats . 3 Weymark Pty. Ltd. 70 White Rose ... 65 Wilhelmsen, W. . 8 Wills Ltd. ... 56 Wilson. W. F. . 156 World Books . . 148 Wright & Co. . . 41 Wrig’ey's . . . 157 Yorkshire Ins. . . 69 Zevenboom, J. . 101 159 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY DECEM IB ER, 1957

when Kidneys WdrkToo Often Are you embarrassed and bothered by too frequent elimination during the day and night? These symptoms, as well as Bladder Irritation, Backache, Swollen Ankles, Leg Pains, Nervousness, Dizziness, Lumbago, Interrupted Sleep, Circles Under the Eyes and a generally rundown feeling, are usually due to germ-caused kidney and bladder troubles. The very first dose of Cystex, the scientifically compounded medicine, goes right to work overcoming these troubles in 3 ways. 1. Quickly kills germs causing troubles. 2. Gets rid of poisonous acids. 3. Strengthens and reinvigorates the kidneys and bladder. Get Cystex from your chemist to-day under the guarantee of comnlete satisfaction or money back VENTURA TRADING CO. PTY. LTD. 247 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY Island Merchants and Buying Agents SOLE AGENTS FOR:

• Armstrong Siddeley Diesel Engines

• Ajax Marine Diesel Engines

• Norman Petrol Engines

• Saldanha Canned Fish

• V.T.C. Corned Beef

Distributors for all plantation, farm, trade requirements and merchandise.

Highest Prices obtained for Cocoa, Coffee, Shell and other produce handled on consignment.

Write direct to our Islands Export Manager with over 35 years experience in the Islands.

Cables: Ventura Sydney

Islands Produce

(Unless otherwise stated, quotations are In Australian currency. Aust. £ equals approximately 16/- Stg., NZ, or W.

Samoa; 18/- Fiji; 20/- Tonga, Solomons & WPHC areas; 168 Pac. Francs; SUS 2.23.) COPRA Price negotiated between British Ministry oi Food and British South Pacific Territories for 1957 was £ Stg.s4 FOB main ports—a drop of 7y 2 per cent, on the 1956 price. Stabilisation and other charges reduce actual producer price.

PAPUA - NEW GUINEA:—Hot Air £AS7/15/-; FMS (sun dried) £AS7; Smoked, £ A54/5/-.

FlJl;—Plantation grade £FS3/10/6; FMS £FS3/5/-.

W. SAMOA:—Sellers: 22/6-23/6 per 100 lbs. Exporters: £S4I and £S47 f.o.b.

Apia, for two grades.

E. SAMOA: —Producers receive 4 cents lb. (SUSB9.6 or £A4O approx, per long ton).

Periodic bonus, if average proceeds exceed Govt, buying price and expenses.

SOLOMONS: Honlara/Gizo Yandina; Ist grade, £AS7/10/-; 2nd, £AS3/10/-; 3rd, £ A4B/10/-.

NEW HEBRIDES:—Dec. 11: 7,000 Pac. francs (about £A42) delivered Vila/Santo.

TONGA:—Ist grade £T4B; 2nd grade £ T 42. Price adjustment to be made at end of 1957.

COOK ISLANDS:—LocaI price is based on £ Stg.s4 (£NZS4/4/l) per ton, f.0.b., with premium of 30/- (NZ) for top grade kiln dried. Shipping, handling, shrinkage and storage charges reduce the outer islands price to about £NZ3O per ton, basic rate.

COCOA: —Islands prices are based on the rate for Ghana cocoa which on Dec. 5 was £ Stg.32o per ton, c.i.f. London.

P.-N.G.: —Dec. 6. no reliable quote available in Sydney, situation in state of flux following increased London prices.

W. SAMOA:—Dec. 5: £Stg.3lo f.o.b.

Apia.

COFFEE:—P.-N.G.: Dec. s—Top grade within range 5/6 per lb.

PEANUTS:—P.-N.G., Dec. 5: Kernels 1/10; Virginia bunch, in shell, large, well cleaned, 1/4-1/5 per lb. del. Sydney; other 1/2-1/3 del. Sydney.

RUBBER:—P.-N.G. price is based on Singapore rate, which on Dec. 5 was: No. 1 RSS, spot, 78 Straits cents (27.08 d Aust. approx.) per lb.

VANILLA BEANS: Victor Karp, Tulk & Co., Sydney, reported on Dec. 5; New crop, c.i.f., Sydney, Tahiti White and Yellow label, processed standard packs 61/9, Green 59/9 per lb.

RICE (Australian):—Price from May 1. 1957—P.-N.G.: Dry brown and dressed, 112 lb bags. 5 tons and over, £6l per ton. f.0.w.; under 5 tons £6l/10/- per ton. Vitamised and enriched white, 112 lb bags, 5 tons and over, £67/10/- per ton, f.0.w.; under 5 tons, £6B per ton.# Other Pac. Islands: Dry, brown, etc., £7O per ton, f.0.w., Sydney or Melbourne.

PEARL SHELL.—Dec. 5, 1957. by independent pearlers: Sound, £AB65f D, £ A 650; E, £A4SO; EE, £A25$ (in store Sydney). Cook Is.-Manihiki: Dei 5: Export price, £ 5tg.725 f.o.b. Ran* tonga.

TROCHUS;—Market still very weak* and tending to weaken further. Quota No. 1, NG. £A3IO; BSI. £A3IS: New Hebrides, agent reports “No busine® during past month”; Quote No. 2, NO* £ A 320. Prices are less rejects and base! on Sydney weights.

GREEN SNAlL:—Difficult to sel* nominal price £A29O.

London And U.S. Prices

Copra:—London, Dec. 4: Philippines in bulk, Nov./Dec. 184y 2 dollars (seller* Straits/Borneo, fair, merchantable, del. weight c.i.f. UK-Nth. European portf Nov./Dec. £Stg.66y 2 (buyer), £ Stg.67* (seller). New York, Dec. 4: Philippine# c.i.f. U.S. Pac. coast ports, per ton 172* dollars asked.

Coconut Oil:—London, Dec. 5: Strait* crude, bulk, c.i.f. Nov./Dec. £lO4 nominal Ceylon, in bulk, fair, UK-Nth. Europeal ports. Nov./ Dec. £lO9 quoted.

Rubber:—London, Dec. 5: RSS No 1 Spot 23V4d Stg., April to June, 1958. 24* Nov., 1958, 23V 2 d.

Exchange Rates

FlJl.—Through BANK OF NSW, AN# BANK and BANK OF NZ. Australia on Fiji, basis £lOO Fiji: Buying, £Alll/2/ffl Selling, £AII3. Fiji-London, basis £ 100 i London: B. £llO/15/-; S. £ll2. NZ-Fiji basis £lOO NZ: B. £lll/11/9; S. £llO/4/31 SAMOA.—Through BANK OF NZ. Aus| tralia on Samoa, basis £lOO Samoa!

B. £ A123/12/6; S. £124/10/9. Samoa!

London, basis £lOO London; B. £99/7/61 S. £lOl/10/-. Samoa-NZ, basis £lOO NZ| B. £100: S. £lOO/10/-. Samoa-Fiji, basil £lOO Samoa: B. £111; S. £llO.

Papua - Ng.—Commonwealth Bans

(Pt. Moresby. Lae, Rabaul, Goroka. BulolO,, Kavieng, Madang, Wewaki, BANK OF NSW (branches: Port Moresby, Lae, Buloloj Rabaul. Madang, Samarai, Gorokai agencies: Wau, Boroko, Kokopo), AN® BANK (Port Moresby) and NATIONAIj BANK OF A/ASIA, (Port Moresby) quote exchange rate Australia-Papua-NG: 10/1 per £ AlOO.

NORFOLK IS. —Commonwealth Ban! quotes exchange rate Australia - Norfolk Island: 5/- per £AIOO.

FR. PACIFIC COLONIES.—Pacific francSl most valuable of the three franc groupp in French Union, are used in New Cale» donia, new Hebrides, and Fr. Oceani* FRENCH BANK (Comptoir Nation# D’Escompte de Paris) in Sydney quote* Selling Noumea: 168 Pac. fr. to £ Aust* Papeete; 166 56 Pac. fr.; Noumea-Papeetei S. 208 Pac. fr. to £Stg. Noumea-Papeet# B. 75.82 Pac. fr. to US $. _ Peanut production in Papua-New Guinea: is increasing rapidly. This crop is likely? to become one of the most popular o| introduced crops. It grows easily andfc supplies some of the protein that th® natives lack. It has grown in NG sine* German days but has made most prof gress in the last 10 years.

Published by PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY. LTD., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (Telephone: MA9197). Wholly set up and printed in Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney.

FIJI * S Ji.

AUCKLAND

Just Five Enjoyable Hours

Demonstrating that the shortest way between two points is also the most comfortable, TEAL “Hibiscus” Service (Fiji-Auckland and vice versa) spans the gap in a mere five hours.

Five hours of relaxed comfort in big pressurised DC-6 airliners, connecting at Auckland with internal air services that bring most New Zealand towns within “same-day” travel.

To find out more about TEAL Services consult your Travel Agent or any TEAL office.

FIJI NORFOLK IS.

TAHITI f fp TONGA AUCKLAND SAMOA

Cook Islands

SYDNEY EL60URNE CHRISTCHURCH *SMAN EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD., NEW ZEALAND’S INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE, IN ASSOC. WITH QANTAS AND B.O.A.C.

A P82

December, I 9 5 7 Pacific Islands Monthly

g -

General Merchants

* * mi r)EC 3 n * Capital £2,500,000 ESTABLISHED 1914

General Merchants

and PROVIDORES

Trade Throughout The Pacific

OVER FORTY YEARS OF PACIFIC ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE

Wholesalers And Retailers

Buyers And Exporters Of All Kinds

OF ISLAND PRODUCE, COPRA, COCOA, M.O.P. SHELL, TROCAS SHELL, ETC.

Agents For Australian, European

AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS.

Distributors Of Every Description

OF MERCHANDISE.

Through our Sydney office, branches and agents, we distribute a wide and comprehensive range of general merchandise W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD Head Office THE WALES HOUSE, 27 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cable Address: “CAMOHE.”

Telephone; BL 5421 Postal Address: G.P.0., Box 168, Sydney.

In London: W. R. Carpenter fir Co. (London) Ltd., 13 Rood Lane, London, E.C.3 ASSOCIATED COMPANIES THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC: IN NEW GUINEA: IN PAPUA; IN FUI: New Guinea Company Limited, Rabaul. Island Products Ltd., Morris Hedslrom Ltd., Suva. - - - " ‘ " ’ Port Moresby.

Lae, Madang, Kavieng, Kokopo.

Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Suva.

W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji) Ltd., Suva^ PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— DECEMBER, 1957