PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly SEPTEMBER, 1957 Vol. XXVIII. No. 2 established 1930 tgistered at the G.P.0., Sydney. transmission by post as a SOUTH PACIFIC HIGHLANDERS. The pipe band of the Pacific Islands Regiment left Port Moresby on August 10 for Brisbane where the band was to make an appearance during the Military Tattoo, Show, etc. The boys of the band, like the two above, caused considerable comment wherever they went —the combination of Pacific islanders and Scottish bag-pipes seeming an incongruous mixture. However, the boys have a natural talent for coping with this primitive type of instrument and the plaintive music it produces. The band was to return to Port Moresby mid-September.

Photo: "Courier Mail".

11 T® gr Z r V

The World Is Yours

When you fly with QANTAS

Australia'S Overseas Airline

So widespread and efficient is the Qantas organisation that —if you wish—you can buy one ticket for luxury air travel to practically every country in the free world. Qantas flies to Europe, America, Asia and Africa, and your Qantas Travel Agent will help you plan your itinerary, smoothing out travel difficulties and arranging accommodation, stopovers and connections.

See your Qantas Travel Agent and fly Qantas, Australia’s Overseas Airline.

QANTAS EMPIRE AIRWAYS LIMITED IN ASSOCIATION WITH 8.0.A.C. AND TEAL PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER.

22 YOUNG ST.

SYDNEY KERO-MAN

Table Lamp

Brilliant yet pleasant incandescent white light.

No pumping or pre-heating necessary.

Burns ordinary Kerosene.

Heat-resisting glass chimney.

Centre draught feature.

Polished Brass finish.

A Lamp Of Lasting Quality

Made In England

Representatives for Pacific Islands ROBERT GILLESPIE Pty. Ltd. ns PEARCE & CO. LTD.

SUVA

For Fiji Islands

1

Cif I C Islands Monthly September, 185 7

kXITAIA KAIKOHE'''* I WHANGAREI by air with N.A.C.

New Zealand, scenic and sporting Paradise of the South Pacific, beckons you to the mountains, lakes, glaciers, sub-tropical forests, thermal regions and ever-changing vistas that make it the most beautiful country in the world.

And the National Airways Corporation invites you to travel in comfort and enjoy a bird s eye view of this beauty.

Palmerston Nth

THE MAC NETWORK OF AIR ROUTES.

Flying miles and time from AUCKLAND, Kaitaia —142 miles — hrs.

Kaikohe—lo6 miles—l hr.

Whangarei—72 miles—| hr.

Tauranga—lo6 miles—l hr.

Hamilton —84 miles— * hr.

New Plymouth—l6o miles—l-f hrs.

Gisborne —226 miles—l hr. 35 mins.

Napier—222 miles—l hr. 35 mins.

Wanganui—24o miles—2 hrs. 10 mins.

Palmerston North—2Bo miles — hrs.

WELLINGTON—2B7 miles—l hr. 55 mins.

Nelson—3B3 miles — hrs.

Blenheim —359 miles —3 hrs.

Westport—47B miles—4 hrs.

Hokitika—ss3 miles—s hrs.

CHRISTCHURCH- -479 miles—3 hrs. 20 mins.

Timaru —571 miles—4 hrs. 5 mins DUNEDIN— -677 miles—4 hrs. 50 mins.

Invercargill— -784 miles—s hrs. 40 mins.

AUCKLAND TAURANGA ILTON HA •ROTORUA V GISBORNE NAPIER

New Plymouth

WANGANUI WELLINGTON NELSON BLENHEIM TIMARU AMARU WESTPORT HOKITIKA

Franz Josef Glacier

Fox Glacier,**

CHRISTCHURCH HAAST • Dotted lines indicate connecting air services. «'’MILFORD sound QUEENSTOWN*' - -/DUNEDIN me* Invercargill w

Stewart Island

Hew Zealand National

AIRWAYS CORPORATIO SEPTEMBER 1857 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

, mm THE

Cecil Hotel

LIMITED proudly announces the purchase of

The Cecil Hotel

from Mrs. F. S. Stewart Our Company wishes to acknowledge Mrs.

Stewart’s outstanding ability and tolerance — her energy and untiring efforts in producing the Cecil Hotel and the high esteem in which all Territprians have justly placed her.

THE CECIL HOTEL LIMITED announce that its dining room and catering are under the command of Mr. Wesley Scrivens , M.C.F.A. , Head Chej 9 who can offer high overseas standard Cuisine.

EVENING MEALS from 7 p.m. until 10 p.m.

We can cater for any Private Party or Reception We also offer you for your pleasure Excellent Service—Accommodation —Delightful Surroundings plus our chlorinated Swimming Pool; and many other features that will make your stay a very pleasant memory.

For Bookings write or phone

Cecil Hotel

LIMITED Phone 2321—LAE or Box 15 P.O. —Port Moresby ; > s □ mm 3 * A C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

No Other Airline Offers You So Much!

a* m. ffaffi KV >s 1 "yOJJ For example:

World-Wide Leadership

Wherever in the world you’re going, go Pan American the airline that gives you the priceless advantage of round-theworld experience on every flight.

First across the Pacific, first across the Atlantic, first throughout Latin America and first round the world —Pan Americans record of flying experience is unmatched by any other airline anywhere.

Choose the Leader on your next flight overseas. For fares —reservations, call your travel agent or Pan American.

Pam American World Airway *, Inc., Ltd.. Imeorpamtad im 17. &A.

Finest Service Round the World

Part American

World'S Most Experienced Airline

4 SEPTEMBER, 1867 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Practical Publications for Pacific Planters 'he Rhinoceros Beetle in Western Samoa by R. A. Cumber (SPC Technical Paper No. 107). oconut planters in Pacific islands infested with the rhino jros beetle will find this survey, carried out for the South acific Commission by Dr. R. A Cumber, invaluable for s practical recommendations for control of the pest, which i some areas constitutes a major threat to the copra industry.

R, CE 4/- sterling ( P ost free b 7 surface mail)

Other Spc Technical

The Management of Coconut Plantations In Western Samoa—D. R. a. Eden 1(2/- stg.).

The Pacific Islander And Modern Commerce—V. D. [Stace <2/- stg.) The Manufacture Of Copra In The Pacific Islands—W V. D. Pieris. (6/- stg.).

Papers For Planters

• Western Samoa—An Economic Survey—V D Stace (6/- stg.). • Economic Aspects Of The Coconut Industry In The South Pacific—E. J E T .efort. (4/- stg.). • Food Plants Of The South Sea Islands. Dr. 3. Massal & Jacques Barrau. (6/stg.). me to South Pacific Commission, Box 5254 Sydney ustralm, for free list of 108 titles issued to date in the 'C TECHNICAL PAPER SERIES.

THE

Rhinoceros Beetle

Ih Western Samoa

P ublished by thc South Pacific Commission, is a inters. Advice is given on the such ° f 'T* ° f Spedal inberest to Pacific i soft fibres. Other topics covered fn recem k h ? c , onut l’ cofiee ’ cocoa ’ nce . bananas, castor min*, processing o, cc£TSt£,"t£Z "IpZTJSS* * —W * «*» «"“• » 3 the catching and preservation of fish. Articles lude: rhinoceros beetle control, rat control, 'n the past three issues of special interest to planters Wa i JANUARY 1957 ISSUE Fisneries Training Course Opens m Noumea— Pearl Shell Transfer In the Cook Islands—Mechanized Rice Growing in Netherlands New Guinea Problems Of Coffee Production in New Caledonia (2)—Solar Stills— Simple Method for Felling Coconut Palms—Pood Plants of the South Sea Islands—Unusual Fishing Method- New Hot-Air Copra Drier for Smallholders-Trochus Pishing.

APRIL 1957 ISSUE Sponges in Rakahanga Lagoon- Rubber Industry Expands in Papua and New Guinea—South Pacific Fisheries Course Closes— Trochus

Quarterly Bulletin

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Studies in the O.S. Trust Territory —Coconut Research Outside the South Pacific —Dairy Production in Tahiti—Small Ship Safety in Pacific Waters—Practical Uses for Coconut Timber—A Cook Islands Co-operative, JULY 1957 ISSUE Standardized Grading tor Pacific Copra an Urgent Need—Mother-of- Pearl Industry in French Oceania— Co-operative Development in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands—The Coconut Industry in tile South Pacific- Coconut Research Outside the South Pacific (2) —Shade Problems of Cocoa in Papua and New Guinea —Breeding Turtles for Profit —Transplanting Trochus in the Eastern Pacific.

One year .. 8/- stg. ($1.15) Three years 20/- stg. ($2.80) (Post Free by Surface Mail) Copies of the SPC Quarterly Bulletin and subscriptions thereto, and copies of SPC Technical Papers, are obtainable from; PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: BeadeTs Bookshop, P.O. Box 107, Port Moresby; FlJl—Desai Bookshop. Suva, WESTERN SAMOA—Wesley Bookshop, Apia—Oß direct nost-free by surface mail from:

South Pacific

G.P.O. Box 5254, Sydney, Australia 5 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLT-SEPTEMBER. 1957

THE CHINA NAVIGATION CO. LTD. (A British Company incorporated within the United Kingdom ) 4 mk w. m mm sea M.S. SHANSI M.S. SOOCHOW M.S. SINKIANG

New Guinea Australia Line

Passenger and Cargo Liners Regular Services between AUSTRALIA and NEW GUINEA Samarai anu Lae Sydney Brisbane Port Moresby return.

Sydney Brisbane Rabaul Kavieng Madang and return.

Melbourne Sydney Port Moresby Samarai Lae Madang Rabaul and return.

Japan Hongkong New Guinea

New Monthly Service between JAPAN, HONGKONG and NEW GUINEA (Returning via Australia to Japan Direct) 5.5. FUNING "1 Japan Hongkong Madang Kavieng Rabaul Lae - 5.5. FENGNING f Samarai “ Port Moresby - Calls at Kavieng are on alternate months, or subject to inducement.

Calls at Samarai subject to inducement.

Through bills to and from U.K., Continent, U.S.A. & Japan.

For further details please apply to agents or refer to the weekly advertisement in the South Pacific Post AGENTS PAPUA: steamships Trading CoLtd P«rt “cable: §otye”tm PS ' New Guinea Co. Ltd.. Kavieng NEW GUINEA: Colyer Watson (N.G.) Ltd.. Lae, Maaang, Cable: “Camohe”. , 40f) ©ueen Street. Cables; Wllgilsand. ‘iOTS-ra. Ca ?ab.e Syn s d w l . C re te - BO m 2 sydney - cab,e: ■ EASTERN MANAGERS: Butterfield & Swire, wongsong. 6 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT:

Link the in & Facifi Islands th in EUROPE

West Indies

New Zealand

Australia And

South Africa

The 20,000 tons all Tourist Class liner s.s. Southern Cross emphasises the modern trend in travel with the latest in amenities: Every cabin air-conditioned Two swimming pools Unencumbered sports decks Children’s play rooms and deck Spacious lounges Air-conditioned Dining Room Orchestra Cinema Theatre • Stabilisers V r. 5.3. SOUTHERN CROSS & r.t *» -a ■■! -•--W Trout# £/iato C 0 For full particulars apply FIJI Any branch or agency of Burns Philp (South Sea Co, Ltd.) Cable Address: Burphil TAHITI Etablissemcnts Donald Tahiti, Papeete Cable Address: Donald, Papeete hipping Time-Tables EH sailings are approximate and may vary by as much as two weeks.

Sydney-Papua-N. Guinea MV Montoro sails from Melbourne for dney, Brisbane, Port Moresby, Samarai. haul, Kavieng, Madang, Lae. Next dney sailing approx. Sept. 27.

MV Malekula sails from Sydney for Port resby, Rabaul, Wewak, Alexishafen, dang, Lae. Next Sydney sailing approx. )t. 24.

IV Malaita sails from Sydney for Brisle, Port Moresby, Lae, Madang, Lomim, Lorengau, Kavieng, Rabaul, narai. Next Sydney sailing about Oct.

IV Bulolo, modern liner, sails about ry six weeks: Sydney, Brisbane, Port resby, Samarai, Lae, Madang, Lombrum, »aul. Next Sydney sailing approx. Oct. details from Burns, Phllp & Co. Ltd., Jrldge Street. Sydney. [V Soochow; Next Sydney sailing rox. Oct. 15 for Brisbane depart Oct. for Port Moresby and Samarai. [V Sinkiang: Leaves Melbourne Oct. 17 Sydney (Oct. 23), Brisbane (Oct. 26), uara-Yandina (Oct. 31-Nov. 2), thence aul. Kavieng, Madang. Lae.

V Shansi: Leaves Melbourne Oct. 28 Sydney (Nov. 2) thence Port Moresby, larai, Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Port esby. etalls from Swire and Yuill Pty. Ltd., ridge St., Sydney.

Sydney-Dutch N.G. iree weeks service by MV’s Sigll, Silinig, Siblgo and Sinabang carrying pas- ;ers and cargo from E. Australian « to Hollandla and Sorong, DNQ (with i and/or Manokwari if Inducement), ce Borneo, Bangkok, Singapore, thence iralia direct. Next Sydney sailings: idoeng Oct. 5, Sibigo Oct. 23, Sigli | 12. stalls from Royal Interocean Lines. 255 rge St., Sydney.

Far East-S.W. Pacific- Australia Fengning: Southbound due Port (sby Oct. 18, Lae Oct. 23, Madang 26, Kavieng Oct. 28, Rabaul Oct. 30.

Funing: Southbound due Port isby Nov. 24, Samarai Nov. 27, Lae 30, Madang Nov. 3, Rabaul Nov. 5. tails from New Guinea Australia Line re and Yuill Pty. Ltd., agents), 6 ?e st., Sydney. lug S.W. Pacific ports on south-bound journeys only.) e Australia-West Pacific Line motor Is Arcs, Citos, Delos and Milos mainregular services between Australian I and Japan. Northbound vessels call lanlla, Hongkong and Japan; southd vessels call at Hongkong, Manila, akan, Rabaul, Lae, Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, with quarterly calls at (opt.), Honiara and Vanikoro. los: Southbound due Rabaul Oct. 14- -■ae Oct. 17-19, Brisbane Oct. 24-25, ey Oct. 27-30. os. Southbound due Lae Oct. 29-31, ul Nov. 2-3, Honiara Nov. 5-7, VaniiNov. 9-12, Brisbane Nov. 16, Sydney 18-20. ails from Wllh. Wilhelmsen Agency >Ltd., 30 Pitt St., Sydney, or Islands agents (R. Tebb, Lae; Town Transport.

Rabaul; A. Strachan, Madang; BSIP Tiading Corp., Honiara).

N. Zealand-Fiji-Tonga-Samoa MV Tofua maintains a service from Auckland to Suva, Nukualofa, Vavau, Niue, Pago Pago, Apia, Suva and return to Auckland. Next sailing from Auckland- Oct. 8.

MV Matua maintains a service from Auckland to Lautoka, Suva, Nukualofa Apia, Suva, Lyttelton, Wellington, and return to Auckland. Next sailing from Auckland: Sept. 26.

Details from all offices of Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ.

N. Zealand-Cook Is.

Th« passenger vessel Maul Pomare maintains a regular service between Auckland and the Cook Islands.

Pull details on application to NZ Government Department of Island Terrllories in Wellington, or to any office of the Union SS Co. of NZ Ltd.

Sydney-New Hebrides-BSI- Rabaul, Etc.

MV Tulagl, 10 passengers, leaves Sydney for Norfolk, Vila, Santo, Honiara, Tenant Yandina, Loavie, Pepesala, Somata, Gizo 7 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

lò Sailings of Orient Line Passenger Ships, 1957.

ORSOVA ORSOVA ORONSAY SYDNEY depart Oct. 8 Nov. 12 AUCKLAND arr/dep — Oct. 11 Nov. 15 SUVA arr/dep Oct. 14 Nov. 18 HONOLULU arr/dep - — Oct. 19 Nov. 23 VANCOUVER arrive Oct. 25 Nov. 29 depart Oct. 26 Nov. 30 SAN FRANCISCO arr — Oct. 28 Dec. 2 depart — Oct. 29 Dec. 3 HONOLULU arr/dep ■ • • • • Nov. 2 Dec. 7 SUVA arr/dep Sep. 28 Nov. 9 Dec. 14 AUCKLAND arr/dep Oct. 1 Nov. 12 Dec. 17 SYDNEY arrive Oct. 4 Nov. 15 Dec. 20

Australia-West Pacific Line

v . L m i * ** « et f^ru M.V. MILOS’

THE AW P L FLEET now comprises the modern Swedish Motor Vessels "Arcs", "Citosi "Delos" and "Milos" which offer the fastest regular passenger-cargo service from Am tralia to Main Japanese Ports via Manila and Hong Kong. On the return voyage calls ai made at Hong Kong, Manila, Sandakan, Rabaul, Lae, and thence to Br.sbane, Sydney an Melbourne.

Quarterly calls are made at Honiara and Vanikoro on the Southbound voyage.

Sydney. Phone: BU 63£ Further particulars may be obtained from: MANAGING AGENTS IN AUSTRALIA: WILH WILHELMSEN AGENCY PTY. LTD.. 30 Pitt St.

Branch Office at Melbourne: 51 William St Phone: MB 2840 U^AND^'aGENTS^Mad'ang. I^ Mr^A.^St^aclnin^'Lae.'^Mr,^Fts^Tebb; Town Transport Ltd.; Honiara, British So.onn FAR-EASTERN AGENTS: Dodwell & Co. Ltd., Manila, Hong Kone & Japan.

Bougainville ports. Next Sydney sailing approx. Oct. 24.

Dete.ils from Burns, Philp & Co., 7 Bridge Street. Sydney.

Sydney-N. Caledonia-Tahiti Vessels of Messageries Maritimes Line, coming from Marseilles, via West Indies and Panama, call about every six weeks at Papeete, Vila (New Hebrides), Noumea and Sydney, and return by same route.

At present on this run are the motorships, Tahitien and Caledonien. Next sailing from Sydney: Caledonien Nov. 8, Tahitien Dec. 24.

MV Polynesie (Messageries Maritimes) maintains about monthly passenger sailings between Sydney and Noumea and the New Hebrides. Next Sydney sailings: Oct. 11, Nov. 8.

Atlantic Breeze, on charter, leaves Sydney early October for France via Noumea and Papeete.

Details from Sydney agents: Messageries Maritimes, 36 Grosvenor Street, Sydney.

Sydney-S. Africa-UK-Pacific Ports-Sydney Shaw Savill’s new one-class all-passenger liner Southern Cross makes four roundthe-world voyages per year, two westbound, then two east-bound, calling at Suva and Papeete every trip. Next voyage: Suva Oct. 29, Tahiti Nov. 2-3.

N. America-Fiji-Hebrides, etc.

Pacific Islands Transport Line’s vessels Thorsisle and Thorshall maintain a regular service from Pacific Coast North American ports, with sailings over 35-40 days. Some ports depend on cargoes offering.

Thorshall; Papeete Oct. 9-11, Nukualofa Oct. 16-18, Pago Pago Oct. 20-21, Apia Oct. 22, Suva Oct. 25-26, Noumea Oct. 29- 31, Townsville Nov. 4-8, San Francisco Nov. 29.

Thorsisle: New Westminster Oct. 7-12, San Francisco Oct. 19-24, Los Angeles Australia - New Zealand - Canada - USA Oct. 26-28. Papeete Nov. 8-10, Nukua.

Nov. 15-17, Pago Pago Nov. 18-19, Nov. 20-21, Suva Nov. 24-25, Noui Nov. 28-30, Port Vila Dec. 2-3, Santtf I 4-5, Lae Dec. 9-12, Los Angeles Dec. 31, San Francisco (inbound) Jan 1, Details from General Steamships « poration Ltd., 432 California St., Francisco. USA. and Island Agents.

US-Tahiti-Pago Pago-Fiji- Australia Matson-Oceanic Line of San Franc operates a regular five-weeks passeni cargo service from Los Angeles with Ventura, Alameda, Sierra and Sonc Southern terminal ports vary with car' offering. Vessels call at Papeete, I!

Pago and Suva, depending on carg Next sailing from Sydney: Alan approx. Oct. 3, Sonoma approx. Oct Sierra late Nov.

Sydney-Fiji-Vancouver Pacific Shipowners, Ltd., of Suva (I sldiary of W. R. Carpenter & Co.) ope a service three times yearly with 10,000 ton, 98-passenger vessel Lake along the above route. Accommoda Is entirely First Class, two-berth ca, Next sailing from Sydney, about Nov with calls at Suva, Lautoka and Honcx Details from American Trading & £ ping Co. Pty., Ltd., 19 Bridge St.. Syc Sydney-(or NZ)-North America The four cargo vessels, Vt aih Wairuna, Waikawa, and Waitomo, o> and operated by the Union Steam Co. of NZ Ltd., maintain a moi service across the Pacific, from Syj SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTI

Pacific Islands Transport Line

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S Sandefjord, Norway Motor Vessels "THORSISLE" and "THORSHALL"

Regular Freight and Passenger Service between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and TAHITI - SAMOA - FIJI - NEW CALEDONIA -

New Hebrides - New Guinea

GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION LTD.

General Agents 432 California Street, San Francisco 4, California, U.S.A.

PAPEETE—Etablissements Donald Tahiti. APlA—Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

SUVA—Morris Hedstrom Ltd. NOUMEA—Etablissements Ballande.

PORT VlLA—Comptoirs Francais des LAE—Burns Phllp (New Guinea) Ltd.

Nouvelles Hebrides. SYDNEY—Birt & Co. (Pty.) Ltd.

Own a Car on Your Holidays AND SAVE !

Broadway Motors" SPECIAL ISLANDS" PLAN will save you money on your holiday transport in Australia ! iS L f i 0m over * 10 °- guaranteed cars. See more ... do more •vri’r.£f>c k f more ir L to your holida y with a good used car from tfdney s famous Broadway Motors. So simple! You select your F•• ,• pa y ca sh or if you wish, make a small down payment. th i e monthly payments will be reduced tcT the minimum to leave you the maximum spending money. h ° llda y . ls finished Broadway Motors buy it back and ar l nr wAv nini? money. This gives you the use of a good ar for WAY UNDER ordinary hiring rates. What’s more each wtectioS re by a WrUten 3 °’ day new ' car guarantee^ for your BROADWAY MOTORS (N.S.W.) PTY. LTD.

Australia's Largest Used-ear drganlsation 1»4.200 BROADWAY. SYDNEY. N.S.W., AUSTRALIA 1. Buy a guaranteed used car on Low Deposit. 2. Drive it ALL your holidays. 3. Broadway Motors will buy it back when you leave. ——, The Sales Manager, Broadway Motors (N.S.W.) Pty. Ltd.

Please send me free particulars of your Special Islands' Plan without obligation.

NAME ADDRESS.-.

P.I.M. to Vancouver and USA ports, via Suva.

Lautoka, Nukualofa, and Apia, as cargoes offer. Occasional calls are made at Fanning Island. They have limited passenger accommodation. Next sailings: Wairuna late Oct., Waikawa late Nov. The Waitemata, from NZ ports, makes 3-4 trips yearly to Vancouver, via Rarotonga and Papeete.

Honolulu-Papeete The 242-ton auxiliary schooner Te Vega, American-owned, operates a luxury passenger service to a regular schedule, with calls at Marquesas and Line Islands as required. Details from Darr Lines, c/o Theo. H. Davies & Co., Honolulu, or Etabllssements Donald, Papeete.

N. America-Hawaii-Fiji-Samoa- Tahiti-N. Zealand-Austraiia Matson Line’s Mariposa and Monterey make round passenger trips from Pacific North Coast American ports to Australia via Pacific islands ports and New Zealand!

Mariposa: San Francisco Oct. 2. Los Angeles Oct. 3. Papeete Oct. 11-13, Auckland Oct. 19, Sydney Oct. 22-26, Auckland Oct. 29-30, Suva Nov. 2, Pago Pago MnL. 3 lul^ Nov - 8 ' 9 ’ San Fr ancisco (inbound) Nov. 14.

Monterey: in the Pacific, due Auckland Sept. 25-26, Sydney Sept. 29- Oct. 2, Auckland Oct. 5, Suva Oct. 8 Pago Pago Oct. 9. Honolulu Oct. 14-15, San Francisco Oct. 20.

Details from Matson Lines Berger House, 82 Elizabeth Street, Sydney.

Airways Time-Tables

Transpacific Services

1. Australia (or NZ)-Fi|i- Hawaii-N. America (First and Tourist Class available all Services.)

By Pan-American Airways

(With Strato Clippers, using Sleeperettes and Berths'") Sun., Tues., Thur., Prl.: Sydney. Nadi, Canton Is., Honolulu, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle, Portland.

Mon., Tues., Thurs., Sat.: San Francisco, Los Angeles to Sydney (same route). • DC4 from Auckland connects, arriving Nadi Sun., Tues., Thur., departing Nadi Tues., Thur.. Sun. DC4 shuttle service 9 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

KINGSTRAND the homeless building with the load hearing walls Goes up FAST!

No Columns

No Frame Work

Kingstrand frameless construction sets new records in erection speed by utilising the high structural strength of specially formed aluminium sheet to eliminate costly columns, studs and framework.

Goes up EASILY I ■

With Only A

Spanner And

A SCREWDRIVER Kingstrand frameless buildings need only a spanner and screwdriver to assemble —roofing, walls, partitions, doors, everything is precision cut and comes packed in one compact crate ready to erect. mob**''

To Econo Steel Company

A Division of Tulloch Ltd.

Australasian Manufacturers of Kingstrand Frameless Buildings Concord Road, Rhodes, N.S.W., Australia Kingstrand frameless construction is versatile —the onr unit can be erected in a number of different designr The structures are strong and have withstood wino of over 100 m.p.h. ... are readily added to, modifi© or dismantled and re-erected elsewhere . . . are co« in the tropics, corrosion resistant and termite procE For the complete, interesting story on Kingstran frameless construction for cottage stores, garages, and other building mail coupon.

Please send me details of a Kingstrand building for use as a NAME ADDRESS Distributors and/or Erectors locatt throughout Papua, New Guinea, FT British Solomons and Noumea P.1.M./9/57 SEPTEMBER, 19 5 7 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI.

Lon Don-Su Va

Y)\RECT VIA PANAMA For Sailings and Further Particulars Apply To:

Bethell, Gwyn & Co. Ltd., Burns Philp (South Sea)

138 LEADENHALL ST., CO. LTD., LONDON, E.C.3. SUVA, FUI c <* bi-weekly connects Nadi and Tafuna (American Samoa). . Next flights: Oct. 3, 17, etc.

By Qantas Empire Airways

(Super Constellation Service) NORTHWARDS Tues.*, Wed.*, Frl.* and Sat.*: Sydney, Nadi (Fiji), Honolulu, San Francisco— with Sat. service extending to Vancouver.

SOUTHWARDS Wed.*, Thur.*, Sat.*. Mon.*; San Francisco.

Honolulu, Nadi (Fiji), Sydney. Monday’s service begins at Vancouver on Sunday. (Note: Crosses date-line en route). • TEAL DC6 services between Auckland and Nadi connect at Nadi Tues., and Fri northwards; Wed. and Sat. southwards.

Note; Wed. and Frl. services ex Sydney connect at San Francisco with BOAC service to London departing San Francisco Thu. and Sat. BOAC service, ex London on Tue. and Thu. connect at San Francisco with Qantas Thu. and Sat. services to Sydney.

By Canadian Pacific Airlines

(With Super DC-6B Aircraft) Every Wed.: Sydney. Auckland, Nadi, Honolulu, Vancouver, Amsterdam.

Every Sun.: Leaves Vancouver for Auckland and Sydney by same route. (Note: Crosses date-line en route).

Sectional Services In

PACIFIC 2. Sydney-New Guinea Service by Qantas Empire Airways (Skymasters) NORTHWARDS Depart: Mon. Arrive: Sydney, 6.30 p.m. Brisbane, 9.10 p.m.

Brisbane, 10.10 p.m.

Tues.

Depart* Arrive: _ „ Townsville, 1.50 a.m.

Townsville. 2.50 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 635 a.m Pt. Moresbv 7.35 a.m. Lae 9 am’

Tues., Fri., Sat.

Depart: Arrive: Sydney. 8 p.m. Brisbane. 10.40 p.m.

Brisbane, 11.45 p.m. pt. Moresby, 6.35 a.m. m tit Wed., Sat., Sun.

Pt. Moresby, 7.35 a.m. Lae, 9 a.m Thurs.

Depart: Arrive: Sydney. 8 p.m. Brisbane, 10.40 pm Brisbane, midnight.

Fri. „ Cairns, 4.35 a.m.

Cairns, 6.15 a.m. Pt. Moresby, 9.5 am Pt. Moresby, 10.5 a.m. Lae, 11.30 a.m!

SOUTHWARDS Tues. . Arrive: ? e :. 10 ' 3 « a “- Pt. Moresby. 11.45 a.m. .t. Moresby. 12.30 p.m. Townsville, 4.15 p.m. rownsville, 5.45 p.m. Brisbane, 9.25 p.m Brisbane. 10.10 p.m.

Wed.

Sydney, 12.50 a.m.

Wed., Sun. . De Part: Arrive: -as. IO.SOa.m. Pt . Moresby. 11.45 a.m. . t Moresby. 12.30 p.m. Brisbane, 7.5 p.m.

Brisbane, 8.30 p.m. Sydney, 11.10 p m Fri.

Dep J r,: Arrive: e ’„ l2 - 45 P" m - Pt- Moresby, 2 p.m. *t. Moresby, 2.45 p.m. Brisbane. 9.20 p m Brisbane, 10.20 p.m. Sydney, 1 a.m. (Sat.) Sat. [ Arrive: toe, 10.30 a.m. Pt. Moresby. 11.45 a.m. |t. Moresby, 12.30 p.m. Cairns, 3.20 p.m. -airns, 4.50 n m. Brisbane, 9.25 p.m.

Brisbane, 10.10 p.m.

Sun.

Sydney, 12.50 a.m 3 P-NG Internal O. r I'll? internal services Operated by Qantas LAE-HOLLANDIA (Dutch New Guinea) (DCS) Alt. Wed. (Oct. 2, 16, 30, etc.).

Departs Lae 11.00 a.m., calls at Madang and Wewak, and arrives at Hollandla 3.30 p.m. Every alternate Thursday (Oct. 3, 17, 31, etc.) departs Hollandia at 9.30 a.m.. and, with calls at Wewak and Madang, arrives Lae at 3.20 p.m.

Lae-Manus (Dcs)

Alt. Wed. (Oct. 2, 16, 30, etc.).

Dep. Lae, 8.00 a.m.: Flnschhafen, Rabaul, Kavieng, arr. Manus 3.00 p.m.

Every alt. Sat. (Oct. 5, 19, etc.) departs Manus 8 a.m. and with calls at Kavieng, Rabaul and Finschhafen. arrives Lae at 2.50 p.m.

PORT MORESBY-KIKORI (Catalina) Via Yule Is., Kerema, Vaimuru: Alt. Frl. returning same day (Sept 27. Oct. 11. 25, etc.).

PORT MORESBY-DARU (Catalina) Via Kerema, Klkorl: Alt. Fri. returning Daru-Port Moresby direct same day (Oct. 4, 18, etc.).

PORT MORESBY-SAMARAI (Catalina) P,t. Moresby, Samaral, Pt. Moresby: Alt Tues. (Sept. 24, Oct. 8 22 etc ) PORT MORESBY-RABAUL (Catalina) Alternate Tuesdays (Oct. 1, 15 29 etc ) Port Moresby-Moewe Harbou’r-Talasea- Jacqulnot Bay-Rabaul, returning via same ports (Oct. 3, 17, 31 etc )

New Britain-Bougainville

(Catalina) Alt. Wed. (Oct. 2, 16, 30, etc.) Rabaul Buka, Teopasino, Kleta, Buin. Return- LAE-MADANG-WEWAK-MANUS-

Kavieng-Rabaul Service

(DCS) Mon.: Dep. Lae 6.30 am Madane an 7.35 am. Wewak Manus Kavieng Rabaul. arr. 3.45 pm ’ 8 ' I'* *•“•• «"•* Thurs.: &p arr Lae 5 6.3“ a.m.. Madang.

MEnUS ’ KaVle " 8 ’ RabaU ‘- Frl Manus P ’ Wewak* M^danc" 1 ' , KavlenB - 355 U n’m WW k ’ Madan &- Lae . a rr.

CENTRAi hip hi Avne rnm Fridays- Laf (7 V\ N °w (DC3) rnaays. Lae (7.45 a.m.) to Wapenamunda, Banz ng Mini an Mt° f: TT Goroka ß Nondu | 1 ’

Mt ‘ Ha § en ’ Bai y er R . at Se !;nSn I l ainUn f • Arrival back at Lae aependent on stops.

Lower Highlands

Frldavs • Tap in . T *V * . , rnqays. Lae (7.30 a.m.) to Goroka, call- 1116 at any of Nadzab > Kaiapit, aushp, Alyura, Finlntegu, Rlntebe, Bena Bena Kainantu. Goroka, Arena Arrival back Lae de P e hds on stops made.

LAE-BULOLO-WAU (D.H. Beaver) Dep. Lae; Mon. 7.30 a.m., Tues, 11 a.m De P- Wau: Mon. 8.55 a.m., Tues., 12.25 P- m - Bul °R> is omitted on return flights which take 30 minutes, Wau-Lae.

Lae-Bulolo-Wau-Pt. Moresby (Dcs)

De P- Lae Wed, Sat- 9 a.m. via Bulolo, Wau to p c-5 Moresby, returning via same route.

Madang-Goroka (Dcs)

Tuesdays: Depart Madang 2 p.m,, arrive Goroka 2.35 a.m., returning same day; depart Goroka 3 p.m., arr. Madani' 3.35 p.m.

NEW T GUINEA-NEW BRITAIN-

Bougainville (Dcs)

Friday's: Depart Lae 1.30 p.m., Pinschhafen 2.20 p.m., arrive Rabaul 4 30 P-m.

Saturdays: Depart Rabaul 5.45 a.m., direct to Lae, arr. 8.25 a.m.

Sundays; Depart Lae 12 noon, Flnschhafen 1 P- m - Rabaul. 3.10 p.m.

Tuesdays; Depart Rabaul 5.45 a.m., Pinschhafen 8.10 u.m.. arrive Lae 8.45 a.m.

Alt - Thurs - (Sept. 26. Oct. 10, 24, etc.), Dep - Lae 8 a - m > Finschhafen, Rabaul, Buka, Rabaul, arr. 2.55 p.m.

Alt - Thurs - (October 3, 17, 31, etc.).

Dep< Lae 8 am -* Flnschhafen, Rabaul, 41f arr - “- 5 Alt ‘ F n \ (° ctober 4 18. etc.). Dep, Rabaul 8 a.m., Madang, Goroka, Lae, A a JL r 120 pm Alt - Fri - 'Sept. 27, Oct. 11. 27, etc.). Dep Raba , ul „® am> Madan S- Ooroka, Lae, arr ‘ 1-20 pm -

Mandated A |? Lin F Es

h £ B,ed f dl,ghts , DC3 Alrcraft Mon.. Depart Lae at 7.30 a.m. for Goroka, Madang, Wewak. Madang. Rabaul— remaining overnight. Depart Lae 7.38 ?* m - f ° r °, oroka - Wau. Port Moresby, at 6.30 am. t or WeS^^/partTae' Waw^^omo'te 7 K?vie£ 'TS Po?? I*Moresb 1 * Moresby 0 0 ' 'lta Optional call at Goroka on this flight.

Thurs.: Depart Rabaul 7 a.m. for Kavieng, Momote, Wewak, Madang. Goroka, Lae p r i. : Depart Lae at 7a m for Madane Wewak. Momote. Kavieng, Rabaul remaining overnight. Depart Lae 7.30 a.m. for Goroka Wau, Port Moresby, Wau, Goroka. Lae.

Sat.: Depart Rabaul at 7 a.m. for Kavieng, Momote, Wewak, Madang.

Goroka. Lae. (Over) 11 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Fly to Europe direct from Biak and save £ Interested? Of course . . . especially when you travel Super Constellation by KLM, the World’s First Airline. Your saving by this direct route may be up to £lBO on the round trip to London. • Your local travel agent or KLM will gladly tell you all about this moneysaving route. • KLM also provide direct services from Biak to Manila and Tokyo as well as Bangkok and all ports en route to Europe.

KLM

Royal Dutch

AIRLINES

Klm Royal Dutch Airlines

'8 Margaret Street. Sydney

A 4. Aust.-Dutch N. Guinea By KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. (Super Constellation Service) A weekly service between Sydney and Amsterdam with a call at Biak (DNO) and Manila (Philippines).

DC3 aircraft link Biak with Hollandla.

Sorong, Merauke, Tenah Merah, Manokwarl, Noemfoer, Ranslki, Genjem, and Kokonao. 5. N. Guinea-Solomons By Qantas with DCS Aircraft. (Three flights every four weeks) Mon. (Sept. 23, Oct. 7, 14, 21, etc.) Lae dep. 6 a.m.; Finschhafen, Rabaul, Buka, Vella Lavella, Yandina, Honiara (BSD, arriving 5.25 p.m.

Tuesday (Sept. 24, Oct. 8, 15, 22, etc.) Honiara dep. 7 a.m.: Yandina, Vella Lavella, Buka. Rabaul, Lae. arriving 3.35 p.m. 6. Paris-Saigon-Noumea- Auckland By Transports Aeriens DC6B aircraft depart Paris every Monday for Athens, Karachi, Saingon, Darwin, Brisbane, Noumea, Auckland. Leaves Auckland every Friday on return. 7. Sydney-Lord Howe Is.

By Ansett Airways Pty., Ltd., With Sandringham Flying-boats.

Return flight each Tuesday and Thursday. 8. Sydney-Norfolk Is.

Alt. Fri. Dep. Sydney midnight, arr.

NI 6.45 a.m. Saturday: dep. NI 5.30 p.m. same day for Sydney, arr. 9.30 p.m. Alt. weeks makes NI-Auckland- NI flight. (See table 12 below). 9. Sydney-Noumea By Qantas, with Skymasters (Three flights every four weeks) Thurs. (October 3. 10, 17, 31, etc.).

Sydney dep. 11.30 p.m., arriving Tontouta, 7 a.m. Fri. (Oct. 4, 11, 18, etc.).

Friday (October 4, 11, 18, etc.) Tontouta dep. 9.00 a.m., arriving Sydney, 2.50 p.m. 10. New Caledonia-New Hebrides TAI with DC3 Aircraft.

Wednesdays; Depart Tontouta 8 a.m., arrive Santo 11.10 am., arrive Vila 1.45 p.m., depart Vila 2.15 p.m.. arrive Tontouta 4.30 p.m.

Saturdays: Depart Tontouta 8 a.m., arrive Vila 10.20 a.m., arrive Santo 12.5 p.m., depart Santo 1.30 p.m., arrive Tontouta 4.40 p.m. 11. New Caledonia-Fiji- Wallis Is.

TAI with DCS Aircraft (Service every four or five weeks.) Next flights: Oct. 5, Nov. 2, 30. 12. Norfolk Is.-Auckland TEAL, by Qantas (charter) Alt. Sat.: Return flight Norfolk (dep. 8 a.m.) Auckland (arr. 11.45 a.m., dep. 1,15 p.m.) Norfolk (arr. 4.15 p.m.). (See Table 8 above). 13. Auckland-Sydney Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 aircraft.

Tue., Wed., Thu.: Departs Auckland 9.30 a.m., arr. Sydney 1.00 p.m.

Sat., Sun.: Dep. Auckland 11.30 a.m., arr. Sydney 3.00 p.m.

Sun.: Dep. Sydney 10.00 a.m., arr.

Auckland 5.00 p.m.

Tue., Thu.; Dep. Sydney 3.00 p.m., arr. Auckland 10.00 p m.

Mon., Fri.: Dep. Sydney 11.30 p.m., arr.

Auckland 6.30 a.m. next day. 14. Christchurch-Sydney Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 aircraft.

Mon./Fri.: Dep. Christchurch 5.00 p.m.,, arr. Sydney 8.40 p.m.

Mon.; Dep. Sydney 8.00 a.m., arr. Christchurch 3.10 p.m.

Wed.: Dep. Sydney 3.00 p.m., arr. Christchurch 10.10 p.m. 15 Christchurch-Melbourne Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 aircraft.

Thurs.: Dep. Christchurch 11.30 a.m., arr.' Melbourne 4.00 p.m.

Frl.: Dep. Melbourne 7.30 a.m., arr,' Christchurch 3.00 p.m. 16. New Zealand-Fiji Tasman Empire Airways, with DC6 aircraft.

Tues., Fri.: Dep. Auckland 4 p.m., arr Nadi 9.20 p.m.

Wed., Sat.: Dep. Nadi 10.30 a.m., arr Auckland 3.30 p.m.

Pan-American Airways, with Skymasters Sun., Tues., Thurs.: Dep. Auckland 3. 3'J p.m., arr. Nadi 10.35 p.m.

Mon., Wed., Sat.: Dep. Nadi, 12.30 a.m. arr. Auckland 7.50 a.m. 12 SEPTEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L.

FROM SYDNEY (Aust. currency) TO— single Return Table Moresby . .

Lae . . .

Rabaul . . .

Noumea .

Honiara . .

Norfolk Is. .

Lord Howe Nad! . .

Suva ....

Auckland . .

Christchurch 5- s - a- £ s. d • 51 5 0 92 5 0 • 62 15 0 112 19 0 • 72 9 0 130 9 0 • 51 4 0 92 4 0 • 94 5 0 169 13 0 • 27 10 0 49 10 0 • 12 15 0 25 10 0 • 76 0 0 136 16 0 • 81 3 0 147 2 0 52 10 0 94 10 0 52 10 0 94 10 n . No. 2 2 2, 3 9 2, 3 8 7 1 1, 19 13 14 TO— 1 1 1 1, 17 16, 17 1, 17 4 FROM SYDNEY (Aust Honolulu ... 252 5 0 S. Francisco . 312 10 0 Vancouver . , 312 10 0 Apia ..... 109 5 0 A®f Pe * et , e . ' ' • !07 10 0 Aitutaki ... 146 3 0 Blak 90 0 0 currency) 454 1 0 562 10 0 562 10 0 197 14 0 193 10 0 264 2 0 162 0 0

From Auckland <Nz

*f, ia ' • ■ • 55 10 0 Aitutakl ... 85 14 0 Nadi ... 39 7 n Norfolk Is . . 19 15 0 Papeete - . . 107 10 0 currency) TO— 99 18 0 16, 17 154 & 0 16, 17 70 17 0 16 35 11 0 12 195 10 0 16 17 FROM SUVA (FI), crr.no TO ~ ' • • | A & 19 Papeete 82 14 0 148 18 0 FflrGS minfpH m i. 17, 18 17 17 at T Yven stay ► AQfj o Smelly sh be zutif r ? Utl ds tUat e<l .* s °ciaj Z. ra Qd frilly is th ’ tbe Java's SOpi’o i Ce Qfre Evened p*%/nT £ £ da * JSA ( Fijian's &*h» es ervatt a ‘Morons Y) PSr gjj* o ( h % effe„ etf .S,®S w^Sf? 17. Fiji Tahiti Tasman Empire Airways, with Solent aircraft.

Service normally fortnightly, with extra flights as required.

Departs Suva Frl. 9 a.m., crosses dateline. arrives Satapuala (W. Samoa i Thurs 1.55 p.m., departs Frl, 2 a.m arrives Altutakl (Cook Is.) 7.30 a.m.. departs 9.30 a.m., arrives Papeete (Tahiti) 2 p.m. Departs Papeete Sun. 7.30 a.m., arrives Altutakl 11 a.m., departs 12.30 p.m., arrives Satapuala 5 p.m., departs Mon. 8 a.m., crosses dateline, arrives Suva Tues., 10.55 a.m.

Leaves Suva Sept. 26, Oct. 10, 24. Leaves Papeete Sept. 29. Oct. 13, 27. 18. Fiji-Samoa Tasman Empire Airways, with Solent Aircraft.

Dep. Suva 6 a.m., arr. Satapuala 11.5 a.m.

Dep. Satapuala 1.30 p.m., arr. Suva 4.35 p.m.

Next flight from Suva Oct. 7, crossing International Date Line and leaving Satapuala Oct. 6. 19. Fiji Internal Airways Fiji Airways. Ltd., Drover Aircraft.

Juva-Nadi-Suva: Two flights daily except Sun., one flight. luva-Nadi: Tues., Wed., Frl. (additional to the above return flights).

Tadl-Suva: Wed., Thurs., Sat. luva-Labasa-Suva: Daily. luva-Taveuni-Suva: Frl., Sun. iuva-Taveuni-Savusavu-Suva: Wed iuva-Savusavu-Taveuni-Suva: Thurs. luva - Labasa - Savusavu - Labasa - Suva* Tues., Thurs. luva-Labasa-Taveunl-Labasa-Suva: Frl iuva-Savusavu-Suva: Mon., Tues.

Suva - Savusavu - Labasa - Savusavu - Suva: Sat., Sun. 20. French Oceania Inter- Island Service Regie Aerienne Interinsulair (RAI) with Amphibions Catalina Twice weekly service to the Leeward Group.

Wednesday: Papeete, Raiatea, Bora Bora Raiatea, Papeete.

Friday: Papeete, Huahine. Raiatea Papeete.

Booking agents In Papeete: Messagerles Marltimes. 21. N. Caledonia-Loyalty Is.

Internal Service Societe Caledonienne de Transports Aerlens (TRANSPAC), with Raplde aircraft.

Noumea (Magenta), Llfou ( Chepenehe), Noumea: Tues. a.m.

Noumea. Mare (Tadlne), Noumea: Tues p.m.

Noumea, Mare, Llfou, Noumea, or Noumea, Llfou, Mare, Noumea, alternatively!

Thurs. a m.

Noumea, Koumac, Noumea (with conditional call at Plalne des Galacs) Frl. a.m.

Noumea. Llfou, Ouvea Is.: Wed. mornings Noumea, Polndlmle, Noumea (with conditional call at Houallou): Frl. p.m.

Noumea, lie des Pins, Noumea: Saturday and Sunday afternoons. 22. Micronesia Trans Ocean Airlines.

Using Grumman Albatross twin-motored amphibious flying-boats, TOA ©Derates a

Sszjsttzsus'J’S St&*

A*gana. *Ouam. toom <*S SSSSSSK Approximate Airways Fares to points east of Nadi _j -fares nectlon to Suva by Fiji Airways. 1 °° n ’ 13 ACIFIC ISLANDS monthly SEPTEMBER, 1t57

“Geography is the key "The key to what?”

"Why, the key to aluminium production.”

"A likely story!”

“And a very interesting one. Do you know that to produce aluminium at a competitive price the Aluminum Company of Canada Ltd. has had to build special hydroelectric plants in remote parts of Canada?”

"Why Canada?”

“Because that is the place where high mountain ranges and a consistent rainfall combine to produce a vast power potential, which in British Columbia alone is estimated at 11 million horse power.” does that mean to Australia?

“The Aluminum Company of Canada Ltd. is only part of a world-wide organisation called the Aluminium Limited organisation who make it their business to supply the world and. of course. Australia with lowpriced aluminium.”

"Do I spy more information about this organisation in the paragraph below?

“Indeed you do —read it, you will find it very interesting.”

W 29 \ Aluminium production is a question of geography. That V. is why one of the centres of the world’s primary £; aluminium production is situated in Canada. Aluminium can be produced at an economical price in Canada because % the potential hydro-electric power resources are virtually unlimited. The Aluminium Limited Group of Companies jV-l is one of the major world suppliers of aluminium. Their far-sighted expansion programme has been a vital factor & in overcoming the shortage of this important metal. The smelting plants of the Aluminum Company of Canada L t( j principal fully owned subsidiary of Aluminium % Limited, are sited near vast hydro-electric generators.

To the huge plants at Arvida and in the Saguenay area and at Kitimat, ocean freighters bring cargoes of bauxite and other raw materials needed for aluminium production, i:'.': From these centres the world is supplied with ingots of % purity as high as 99.99%. The Aluminium Limited $ Group has gone a long way towards making the f:-: Aluminium Age a possibility. The organisation, com- # prising over 50 fully owned or affiliated companies in 28 .countries, is mainly engaged in the production and C-’ fabrication of aluminium. The research and marketing & enterprise and resources of these companies are at the service of the world’s users of aluminium. Aluminium Union Limited is the international selling company of the Aluminium Limited organisation. iiiiiii Mil 11111!) ( INCORPORATED

Ocean House 34 Martin

N CANADA) PLACE SYDNEY N.S.W.

New Zealand: RICHARDSON, McCABE & Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch.

Fiji, Western Samoa and Tonga: MORRIS LIMITED, Suva, Fiji.

Cook Islands: A ETABLISSEMENTS DONALD TAHITI, Sales Agents: CO. LTD.. French Oceania: Papeete, Tahiti.

New Caledonia and New Hebrides: ETABLISSEM.ENTS HEDSTROM BALLANDE, Noumea, New Caledonia.

Territory of Papua-New Guinea: BURNS PHILP (NEW !. DONALD LTD., Rarotonga. Cook Islands. GUINEA) LIMITED. Port Mores y.

LONDON

Montreal Calcutta Sydney Brusse

September PACIFIC i s 1. A N D S L S month:

Distributed in AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND and the following PACIFIC ISLANDS: Australian Territories: Papua.

Norfolk Is. Cocos Is.

Anst. Trust Territories: New Guinea. Nauru.

British Crown Colonies: Fiji.

Gilbert & Ellice.

British Protectorate: Solomon Is.

British Protected State: Tonga.

N.Z. Territories: Cook Is. Niue.

N.Z. Trust Territory: W. Samoa.

French Territories: New Caledonia.

French Oceania.

Anglo - French Condominium: New Hebrides.

U.S. Territories: E. Samoa. Hawaii.

U.S. Trust Territory: Micronesia (Caroline, Marshall & Mariana).

Dutch Territory: w. New Guinea.

Publisher: R. W. ROBSON.

Editor: JUDY TUDOR.

Manager: SELWYN HUGHES.

TELEPHONES: General Business, Editorial, Advertising, Subscriptions: MA 9197-8, MA 7101, MA 4369, MA 1395.

G.P.O. BOX 3408, SYDNEY.

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Sydney, SUBSCRIPTION RATES: tn Aust. and N.Z. and Australian, N.Z., and Br. Pacific Is. .. .. £1 4 0 fiew Caledonia, Tahiti . £l7 0 Elsewhere $3.50 U.S. or £1 10 0 BRANCH OFFICE, PAPUA-

New Guinea

pacific Publications (New Guinea) -td.. Theatre Building, Fourth St., iAE, New Guinea. Miss Pat Robertson, Manager.

BRANCH OFFICE IN FIJI: rcjl Times Building, Gordon St., Suva.

REPRESENTATIVE IN N.Z.: f . D. Whltcombe, P.O. Box 5179 Auckland.

REPRESENTATIVE IN U.K.: • T. Wallis, 13 Rood Lane, London, E.C.3., England. lELBOURNE OFFICE: Newspaper louse, 247 Collins St., Melbourae Victoria.—Tel.: Cent. 2053.

AGENTS: All main trading firms ad stores in the Pacific Islands.

Fiji Times Agency In

AUSTRALIA ote: Pacific Publications Pty. Lt echnlpress House, 29 Alberta S Jdney (Telephone MA 9197-8), be Australian Agent for THE F] TIMES, of Suva. FIJI.

Pacific Islands Monthly No. 2 Vol. XXVIII SEPTEMBER, 1957 Contents: Editorial: The Dumping of Lakshman Is a Lesson For All 17 New Faces In P-NG Legislative Council 19 Rona Tied Up In Sydney By Black Ban 19 Missing and Mysterious— Samoa’s £126,000 Budget Mistake 20 The Month’s Silliest Story: A Man On An Isle With a Chimpanzee 20 Unilevers Will Buy 20,000 Tons Of P-NG Copra In 1958 21 To Help France, N, Caledonian Soldiers Asked To Forego Pensions 22 P-NG Gets Biggest Canberra Grant On Record 22 Do You Remember? Extracts from PIM of 20 Years Ago 22 Background Of Fiji Public Servants Discontent .. .. 23 Bananas From Ecuador— NZ’s Insatiable Banana Hunger 24 Native Charged With Murder of BSIP European 25 Sinkiang Will Inaugurate New Sydney-BSIP Services 25 Goilala Cases —Three Men Go To Supreme Court .. 27 Territories Talk Talk .... 28 P-NG and the Working Week 36 Growth of the Carpenter Empire, 1935-57 40 Fijians Provide Entertainment For NZ Rugby Fans 43 From Notes Made In New Guinea By R. W. Robson .. 45 Photographer Got His Wires Crossed 51 Franc Revaluation Hits New Caledonia 52 Advisory Council For the New Hebrides 53 Hasluck War On Private Enterprise 55 That Tuna Could Be Worth $3OO 56 From Kenaf To Peanuts .. 57 Pacific Shipping and Cruising Yachts 59 Community Life Is Pleasant Where Timber Is Displacing Gold 69 Fiji’s Europeans Mostly Apathetic 75 MAGAZINE SECTION: Tropicalities, 81: Prison Can Be Fun In Tonga. 83; Six-feet Men With Fivefeet Axes, 84; Your World Of Stamps. 85; The Name Of the Little Copper God, 86; Health Notes, 87; This Month’s New Reading .. ~ 88 SW Papua May Become Cattle Area 119 Lae Is Building a Brewery 125 Those Dear Dead Days Beyond Recall In Papua ~ .. 127 Fiji’s Unbalanced Labour Position ~ .. 130 A. F. R. Stoddart Leaves Fiji 133 Fiji Athletes In Malaya .. .. 133 South Pacific Commerce and Industry 134 NG Rice Industry Discouraged By “Foreign” Imports 138 Females Increase Faster In Fiji 139 Lae Is Building An Important Botanical Gardens 141 Obituary: Mr. Harold Gatty; Mr. A. O. Barrack; Madame Lafleur; Mr. Amie Ragg; Mrs. Zellah Sherman; Mr.

J. G. Boileau; Mrs. L.

Spowart; Mrs. Mary Boyer; Mr. Henry Simmons; Bro, E. Roe; Miss M. Brown; Mr A. B. Snodgrass, Mr. R.

Glasson 145-147 NG Women's Club’s 16th Year 150 Many Achievements Of the Late Mr. Harold Gatty .. 151 Ansett Has Purchased ANA 154 Cecil Hotel Has New Owners 155 CSR Changes Fiji Staff .. 157 Mr. S. Elliott-Smith Goes South 158 Battle On the Rhino Front— Fiji Makes Strategic Withdrawal 159 Nickel Seekers In P-NG Apply For Leases 161 NG Klinkii Pine Arouses Interest In E. Africa 163 W. Samoa’s Most Important Election In November .. 164 No Radio Active Disease In Fr. Oceania 165 White’s Travel Forms Fiji Company 166 Market Prices 168 A Product of Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Technipress House, 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (29 Alberta Street Is 10 yards from the Intersection of Gonlbnrn Street an* Wentworth Avenue.)

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SEPTEMBER. 1957-PACIF.C ISLANDS MONTHI.

Editorial. ..

THE DUMPING OF LAKSHMAN: lesson For All The Territories HE dumping of Mr. Lakshman, by the Fiji Industrial Workers’ Congress, has wide interest, and tie comfort, for the South Pacific rritories.

Jearly all the problems which the rritories face in the South Pacific t problems of development. If they mot make political and industrial igress, they will suffer retrossion—they cannot stand still.

Tiey all are fertile, comparatively pty, capable of sustaining a large ►ulation. Unless they go forward, ag the resources with which ividence endowed them, they ely will attract the hungry people n overpopulated lands, not far iy. ►evelopment calls for a labour ;e. The Islanders, if they are to love as free people, must work, rthing that interferes with their lity and will to labour, is bad. ustralia and New Zealand, which essarily call the developmental i industrial pace in the Islands, cursed and handicapped, in their i development and progress, with irresponsible element in their ustrial organisation, which has i bequeathed to them by tradein freedom. Labour’s liberty has i abused to such an extent that \e countries are increasingly mlsed by senseless strikes which leve nothing—except to inflate ego of the Communist-inspired our czars who direct them. r e have been afraid that, as the Dds became industrialised, and le unions are formed to assume, the workers, the necessary job wage-bargaining, this strikejponsibility also might develop, incident in Fiji shows that, for moment, the unions are guided ome sense of responsibility.

ERE appear to be 11 trade unions in Fiji, representing about 10,000 workers, and they affiliated in the Fiji Industrial kers’ Congress. Until recently, President was Mr. D. B. fliman, an Indian, who is preit also of the International Air- (Nadi) Employees’ Union. One le most important of the affiliunions is the Fiji Sugar Inry Employees’ Union. l recent months, there had be°n thy negotiations between the i union’s officials, and the nial Sugar Refining Co.’s manlent; and a complete agreement ; been reached covering wages working conditions, on afterwards, on July 15, the mass of employees at the Company’s four mills, without any warning or consultation with or permission from their union officials, went on strike and remained out for three days, paralysing the important sugar industry.

The strike was angrily condemned by every class in Fiji; and the workers finally surrendered to the overwhelming weight of public opinion, and resurfied work.

Everyone agreed that the new industrial agreement was fair, in the circumstances.

The wages which the CSR Co. pays may seem small, compared with ruling rates in Australia, for example; but the rates the Co. can pay in Fiji are governed by the world price of sugar, and that in turn is governed by the highly competitive selling prices—the result of either very cheap labour or a very high degree of mechanisation—which are quoted by other sugar-producing countries. Once the factor which controlled sugar production was “cheap coloured labour”; other factors are now more important.

Generally, whenever the world’s sugar price improves, the CSR Co. pays its Fiji workers better rates; and the trade union leaders there understand these conditions.

WITH the strike over, the officials of the sugar-workers union, and the Fiji Industrial Workers’

Congress, began a witch-hunt; and some affiliated unions took action.

In all cases, the chain of evidence led directly to Mr. Lakshman.

The Fiji Seamen’s Union, for example, held a mass meeting and demanded that Lakshman be removed from office. This was significant. All ethnic groups apparently have a sense of responsibility. Indians predominate in the sugar industry unions; but the men employed in the maritime unions (seamen and wharf workers and so forth) are mostly Fijians. These maritime employees work hard and respect industrial awards and agreements—very different from their opposite numbers in certain other countries, where union greed and undependableness are steadily bringing ruin upon all industries based on sea-transport.

On Sunday, August 25, a meeting of the Fiji Industrial Workers’

Congress was held at Lautoka; and Mr. Lakshman was fired.

A motion of no-confidence was moved by the Congress general secretary a Fijian, seconded by an FH^ 1 0f *, he Seamen ’s Union, a Fijian, and supported by the Secretary of the Public Works Employees’ Union, an Indian, and others. It was carried by 11 votes m Jhe majority insisted that Laksh- S P ha T d encouraged and led the strike. Lakshman declared that he had not incited the strike—only managed” it. 9 D new President is Mr c P Bides!, Jun member of a well-known and respected family.

FIJI is far ahead of other Islands Territories in industrial organoap. 'Z! n: f u nd dt is comforting to see that the organisation is in responsible hands. There is here an object lesson for Papua and New Guinea. There are more industrial empioyee 8 in P-NG than in Fiji: but, hitherto, they have been rather widely scattered, whereas the Fiji workers have been more concentrated around the sugar mills.

As P-NG industries, established and projected, are developed, the workers will be brought together into more closely-knit communities; and. sooner or later, despite the difficulties of Pidgin, illiteracy and the primitive village background, the agitators will get to work upon them.

The more ignorant type of Labour politician, returning from conducted tours of the Territories, has squawked on a number of occasions about the urgent need for “Labour education and organisation” in Papua and New Guinea.

Trade union organisation, for collective bargaining, is a thing necessary and desirable, under today’s conditions. Experienced and wise employers accept such a set-up.

But the whole thing becomes an industrial calamity and a national danger when wild men get loose among the trade unions, undermine the agreements and sow mutual distrust.

There is a lesson for both employers and employed, throughout the Islands, in the Fiji incident.

Follow the example of the Fiji workers (Fijians, Indians, Europeans and Euronesians), and keep check not only upon greedy employers, but also upon irresponsible labour leaders.

A broadcast report from a Trade Union Congress in Australia, late in mid-August, that it was “considering the extension of trade unionism to New Guinea,” was not well received in Port Moresby.

The Administrator said that, while there was no law against the establishment of trade unions among Europeans, the Territory was at too early a stage of development to make trade union organisation advisable among natives.

He is quite right, of course; but one cannot imagine the political fanatics of Australia being discouraged by that. 17 PIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

NZ Asks for More!

New Zealand’s apparent insatiable appetite for ban;j (see p. 24, this issue), is the suf of this month’s cartoon by Gill. Even Ecuador has enlisted in the battle. t The Fiji Police Commissii (Mr R. H. T. Beaumont) rece; tightened the regulations for issue of firearms licences. He that in some cases people wen possession of firearms where ft was no apparent need for u In future all applicants for lice: will have to prove the need ft weapon. t The local military authqc announce that a campaign wft' opened in New Caledonia mencing September 20 to re natives for the French A Recruits will be accepted offered engagements of 18 mo 3 4. or 5 years. Natives ©ft Wallis islands will also be acce; Stuart Inder Joins Editorial Staff MR. STUART INDER, now a member of the literary staff of Associated Newspapers Ltd., will join the editorial staff of Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Sydney, on November 1, and will give his services especially to Pacific Islands Monthly. He will share editorial responsibility for PIM with Mrs Judy Tudor, who has been Editor of PIM for the past two years.

Mr. Inder already is a well-known reporter and magazine writer, and has given considerable attention to Pacific affairs. He was in Papua and New Guinea, for the Australian Broadcasting Commission, for two years; and he has been twice in Japan and the Far East, both as a journalist and an Australian serviceman.

Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., either directly or through various subsidiaries, is responsible for the publication of: Pacific I s lands Monthly.

Pacific Islands Year Book.

Handbook of Papua and New Guinea.

The Fiji Times (morning daily).

Shanti Dut (Fiji Indian weekly).

Power Farming and Better Farming Digest (A u s t r alasian monthly).

Power Farming Technical Annual.

Australasian Confectioner and Restaurant Journal (technical monthly).

Australian Baker (technical monthly). and three other oldestablished Australian technical monthly journals. t Rod fishing in Fiji received an impetus recently when the Governor, Sir Ronald Garvey, handed a cup to Rob Wright, Public Relations photographer, for a suitable competition. Already there have been animated discussions among fishermen about a set of rules which is shortly to be drawn up. fl The 24 Mianmin natives who were involved in the May River (New Guinea) murders a year ago and subsequently had the death sentence recorded against them have had the sentence commuted to years imprisonment. t The date of the New Caledoni. elections is set down for Sunds October 6. The people will called upon to elect the fL parliament under the new I Cadre; candidates have till Se tember 15 to make their declai tions and the electoral campai opens September 16. t A RNZAF Sunderland flying-ba based on Laucale Bay, Fiji, recen flew a mercy mission with medii supplies to Kabara Island, miles away. The supplies w< urgently needed for a m suffering from peritonitis. 18 SEPTEMBER, 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

METING SEPT. 30 lew Faces in P-NG Legco [IHE first meeting of the new L Legislative Council of Papua and New Guinea will commence , Port Moresby on September 30.

There will be four new faces nongst members who will serve r the next three years. There e new elected members for both »w Guinea electorates and two iw nominated members.

Over 3,000 Territorians voted for e six candidates who offered emselves for election —by far the jgest number to cast a vote in y Territory election. It was a od answer to the nagging they d received from Official quarters; out political apathy.

Biggest surprise of the election ,s the defeat of the sitting ;mber for New Guinea Islands, •. Don Barrett, by Mr. Dudley ties, a barrister of Rabaul.

Mr. lan Downs, planter of iroka, and a former District mmissioner, Eastern Highlands, d no trouble in out-polling his ponent for the NG Mainland, Mr.

Barker, of Wau; but Mr. Craig rke, of Port Moresby, is conered to have given sitting mber, Mr. E. A. James, a good i for his money by polling about 3-thirds of the numbers secured ;Mr. James.

Che elected members in the next mcil will be: Mr. E. A. James, puan Mainland; Mr. lan Downs, w Guinea Mainland; Mr. Dudley les, New Guinea Islands. dr. Jones, unlike his two elected leagues, is a post-war Territorian I like Mr. Downs he has seen h sides of the fence. Before he it to Rabaul to private practice >ut eight years ago, he was ?istrar at the School of Pacific ministration, Sydney, and before ,t, attached to the Army School Civil Affairs, which during the r trained men for ANGAU.

Ie has a large and growing law ctice and his entry into public lirs is going to be watched with isiderable interest.

Nominated Members

is reported elsewhere, Mrs. Doris )th, who has represented mining Brests on past Councils did not sr herself for re-selection and her ce on the Council has been en by Mr. G. H. Hohnen, who is tieral Manager of New Guinea Idfields Ltd., Wau. lerari Dickson, one of the native nbers who has served on the past i Councils, has been replaced by hura Rarua-Rarua, of Port resby, who is Secretary of the ieration of Native Associations.

Rona Tied Up By Black Ban

Nsw Maritime Unions Challenge

Csr Company

uu , Tjie Colonial Sugar Refining Co. has defeated one Sydney black ban on its new 6,600 tons freighter, Rona, but now faces several more.

THE trouble started when the CSR engaged a crew in England to bring the ship to Australia. Australian Maritime unions, led by the Communist-dominated Sea m e n’s Union, were angry at the CSR’ c action —they claim the privilege of bringing out new ships for the Australian register, with Australian crews.

A little work remained to be done by members of the Federated Ship Painters’ and Dockers’ Union on the Rona when she arrived in Sydney.

The union placed a “black” ban on the work.

The CSR was left with no option but to go to the Commonwealth Industrial Court for an order for the union to lift the ban.

Members of the union obeyed the court and went back to work, but the Seamen’s Union, led by notorious Communist Elliott V.

Elliott, imposed a further ban That meant that seamen would not offer for work on the Rona when a call was made for labour. The CSR expected to make a labour call about the middle of September.

According to Sydney industrial observers, m e rubers of two other maritime unions are not expected to offer for work The Seamen’s Union, by industrial blackmail, several years ago established the “right” to bring new ships to Australia with its own members. The owners have to fly the crews to the place where the ships were built.

The Union has also insisted on the right to nominate the crews who will take these junkets.

It has been alleged that some shipowners have been permitted to make large payments to unions involved in lieu of using an Australian crew for delivery voyages.

The CSR is the first to rebel against this costly procedure (the Seamen’s Union’s “right” is not a legal right, anyway), and has given the “green” light to other shipowners to follow its lead.

The crew which brought Rona to Australia was made up of four Australians returning home, and 27 (Continued on Page 149) Bowls Champion of South Pacific Jack ("Joe") Shephard, DFC, receives the Pineapple Cup, unofficial symbol of bowls champion of the South Seas from the retiring Fiji Colonial Secretary, Mr. A. F. R. Stoddart, at the Suva Bowling Club. In the background are (left to right): Messrs. Sherwood, Montague, Gardiner, Brodie (partially obscured) and Kemp (president of the Suva Bowling Club).

Shephard beat Frank Foster, a previous Pineapple Cup winner, by 26-19 in the final, played over 25 ends. The winner, who is a B Grade player, was in great form, and drew his shots with remarkable accuracy.

Shephard is No. 1 skipper of the TEAL Solent crew which operates the Coral Route. With other TEAL air crew he started bowls when posted to Suva, and now regards it as his main recreation. In his younger days he was a senior footballer of some note with the Southern Club in Dunedin. 19 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1857

Missing and Mysterious W. SAMOA'S £126,000

Budget Mistake

T'HE mystery of the missing A grant of £126,000 and Western Samoa’s consequent budget difficulties (PIM, August p. 22) was top item on the agenda at the opening of Western Samoa’s Legislative Assembly on August 20. Members heard the High Commissioner, in a 2i hours opening speech, discuss the matter at length, and then shortly afterwards adjourned the House for six days to digest the implications.

When making up estimates for the current financial year, the Western Samoa Government evidently took into calculations a grant of £126,000 which it expected to get from the Western Samoa Trust Estates Corporation (the new name for the old Reparation Estates which was handed over as a gift to the people of Samoa a few months ago by the former owners, the New Zealand Government). Grants from this organisation have been annual events since the end of the war.

The directors of the Corporation, quite properly, decided that they needed this money for reserves as they could not any longer fall back on the New Zealand Government for assistance. The Corporation is already the biggest contributor to internal revenue through taxes and imposts; the biggest employer of labour and the largest exporter of copra and cocoa.

At the end of August, members of the Assembly were still milling around trying to find why this huge mistake in Government budgeting could have occurred and had arrived at an assortment of reasons none of which have much apparent validity.

It seems that in the past, the Western Samoa Government has leaned so heavily on assistance from New Zealand grants for education, public works, etc., that the local Government has come to believe that these monies are Western Samoa’s by inalienable right, and that Budget estimates are made on the assumption that they will be forthcoming.

In his speech, the High Commissioner said that the West Samoan Government was “makingfirm representations to the NZ Government” about the grant: and that it was expected to cut Government expenditure that had been planned for the current year.

Although some MLA’s were inclined to tag the non-existent grant of £126,000 as a “blessing in disguise”, in that W. Samoa could now see where it was heading, it was obvious that most of them are far from happy over the Territory’s financial position.

This Month'S Silliest Story

A Man On An Isle With A

CHIMPANZEE THE Australian press was in a rash of headlines and convulsions of conjecture from September 11 onwards over the discovery of a “castaway” on remote Henderson Island.

He had with him a bow and some arrows—and a chimpanzee. This latter—failing the usual “beautiful blonde” —created a situation designed by Providence for the whetting of Press appetites.

The Flying Walrus, a 37-ft ketch, owned and sailed by John and Diane Wells, arrived in Tahiti in June from Vancouver, after lengthy wanderings in French Oceania (see June PIM) ; and left again mid- July.

Some weeks later, the yacht called at Henderson Island (about 100 miles north-east of Pitcairn) and landed an American named Tomarchin, with considerable gear (including flippers and a bow and arrows and the chimpanzee).

On Saturday, September 7, the liner Corinthic, after examining tiny Henderson (not an atoll, but palm-clad, about 100 feet high, about 5 miles by 2 miles, uninhabited, but visited regularly by Pitcairners) radioed that there was a man wandering around.

Immediately, of course, the whole Australasian newspaper press erupted.

Where was Henderson? Was it a “desert” island? How did you get there?

The choicest morsel came from the Australian broadcast news; Someone in Fiji said this might be a survivor from the Joyita— although there are thousands of miles and thousands of islands between the place where the Joyita lost her crew (northeast of Fiji), and Henderson, which is on the South American side of French Oceania—to say nothing of two years in time.

The Governor of Fiji (responsible for the little group comprising Pitcairn, Henderson, Oeno, and Ducie) asked Pitcairn to send a boat and investigate.

But before the Pitcairners could leave, an American freighter, Pioneer Isle, alerted by radio, called at Henderson, and found Tomarct and took him into her surf-be with his chimpanzee. When the su boat returned to the Pioneer T however, the captain refused to e bark the chimpanzee aboard.

Tomarchin refused to be separai from his pet, and was put back the island.

The Pitcairners, accompanied SDA Pastor Hawke then m: the whaleboat voyage and t; Tomarchin and his monkey back Pitcairn.

Statements reported to have b made by Tomarchin since he arri at Pitcairn are vague. The c definite thing that has emergec that he is one of these perambu. ing people which the Pao frequently has to endure: they b vide occasional excitement for world’s press—and great expe and trouble for Pacific Island i ernments.

Tomarchin apparently is some of entertainer and has been aroi Fiji, Western Samoa and Tahit:; the last few months. He said t he had been on Henderson foi days (although other staterm. suggested that he was not there long); that he got off the ys because he and his monkey t sea-sick; that the Wells prom to call back for him in four • and take him to Panama —althc he is also reported to have said the ketch was on a voyage to Zealand. With him on Hende; he appears to have had piles; gear, including “a beautifully iJ trated natural science book; microscope and several sc precious stones” —all of which H said to have presented to the sch children on Pitcairn.

Another trans-Pacific yachtshas suggested that Toman thought that there was bv treasure on Henderson and thas had previously tried to hitch aj there. This could add up. It is It that after a few days on. treasure island he was as fee: with it as he had been on j ketch voyage, and took the qui»j means off.

LATE NEWS: Rarotonga, Sept. 19: The Wells,.i have arrived here on ketch Walrus” deny that they promised back and pick up Tomarchin. He chai them in Papeete to land him on Hen* which they did on Aug. 6. He planu stay there until next visit there oo cairners and had stores for several mn Ketch visited Pitcairn before goiii Mangareva. Pitcairners were the aware of Tomarchin’s presence on HI son. 20 SEPTEMBER, 1857 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTI

Unilevers Will Buy 20,000 Tons from P-NG COPRA IN 1958 A S the result of discussions ** which took place in the South Pacific and in London in the past nine months, between representatives of the Papua- New Guinea Copra Board (selling P-NG copra) and Unilever (world combine), a contract has seen entered into between the Board (which is a semi-Govemnent instrumentality) and Uniever (Raw Materials) Limited, vhich is a subsidiary of Unievers, under which the latter vill purchase, during 1958, JO, OOO tons of copra.

The contract does not extend beyond 1958, and the price will be pverned by the price of Philippines opra at time of delivery, less 2 per ent., plus a premium for quality.

This is regarded as a good price.

The quality of Philippines copra las improved considerably during he past year, and the ruling rates re the world’s best. The Philippines rice in mid-August was about 168 FS dollars, c.i.f., European port, rhich is almost exactly £6O Sterling which is £4 to £5 under the MOF ontract price which governs all iritish-South Pacific copra until the nd of 1957).

“The Only Free Market”

The negotiators in London, three lonths ago, casting around for a ictor on which they might peg the rice to be paid under this new nilever 20,000 tons contract, finally ‘lected Philippines rates, because hilippines now is regarded as the tily free copra market left in the orld.

The other great copra-producing reas are Ceylon, Malaya and idonesia.

The Indian, and the Asian demand merally, for vegetable oil has •own so much that practically the hole of the copra now marketed i Ceylon and Singapore (Straits) aw is converted into oil for Asia; id an increasing proportion of the idonesian copra now is being conimed, as oil, in Indonesia itself.

Therefore, the quotations for Sraits and Ceylon copra, regularly ade, and once a guide to the world arket, are now mostly nominal.

Unilever’s offer to base the P-NG ice on the Philippines current quotation was regarded, in the circumstances, as fair.

The price is the f.a.q. price, c.i.f Continental or British port, less 2 per cent.; plus 50/- Stg. per ton for hot-air-dried, 25/- per ton for sun-dried, and 10/- per ton for smoke-dried; but no premium paid and a deduction of 10/- per ton, if it is graded No. 2 smoke-dried (or poor quality).

Under this contract, Unilevers will pay only on the delivered weight— that is, all shrinkage in weight during transportation to port of delivery will be on shipper’s account.

Quite a lot of calculations will be involved under this contract. The planter will not get a simple price as at present—namely, so much per ton on the f.o.b. weight at certain points in Papua and New Guinea.

He may not know his returns for months.

Where Cargo Will Go

On present indications, the P-NG production (about 100,000 tons per annum) will be disposed of thus in 1958; Tons Sold to Unilevers, as above 20,000 Retained by Board, for sale anywhere 5,000 Sold to Australia, for Australian consumption, up to 35,000 Put through Carpenter’s Rabaul mill, and exported by them as oil, up to .. .. 40,000 The Carpenter mill in Rabaul is capable of putting through more than 40,000 tons per annum; but it is understood that the owners have limited the intake in 1958 to 40,000, to assist in the general disposition.

On present appearances, the operations in 1958 will be partly experimental, with the P-NG Copra Marketing Board facing a much more complicated task (think of all the calculations involved in marketing and delivering those 20,000 tons in Europe!) than it has had under the MOF contract. (Continued on Page 142)

If Required

Ship Available For New Guinea Cattle WHEN Mr. Michael J.

Leahy, of Zenag, New Guinea, was in New South Wales in June, he sought sea-transport for about 400 cattle which he then could buy advantageously in the Monaro District of NSW, and which he thought would do well on his grazing properties. However, none of the shipowners approached would undertake the job —• they said Australian costs made such cargo unprofitable.

A young shipowner who runs freight between Australia and New Zealand, with a ship capable of carrying 800 tons—or from 300 to 400 cattle—now has announced that he is prepared to transport cattle from any East Australian port to New Guinea; and he has formally advised the P-NG Administration to that effect. He is Mr. Peter Dent, Box 2089, General Post Office, Sydney.

Warship's Busy Helicopter...

When the aircraft-carrier HMS "Warrior" arrived at Rarotonga, on July 23, the Resident Commissioner of the Cook Islands, Mr. G. Nevill, was taken to the flight deck by helicopter to make his official call on the ship.

He is seen here, left, after his arrival on board, with Commodore R. B. N. Hicks, DSO, RN, Commander R. Hitchins, RN, and Commander Begg, RN.

This was Mr. Nevill's second visit to "Warrior" by helicopter. Some weeks earlier he had visited Penrhyn but was due to leave there an hour before the arrival of the aircraft-carrier.

When still 40 miles off the island, "Warrior" sent a helicopter to pick Mr. Nevill up and take him to "Warrior" where he received the customary 11 gun salute. This is believed to be the first time that a helicopter has taken such a salute.

Photo: Stuart G. Kingan. 21

Acific Islands Mon'Thli' September, 1957

Soldiers Asked to Forego War Pensions

New Caledonians Flay

French Government

In New Caledonia, criticism of the government, local or Metropolitan, is generally the work of the Leftist roneo sheets.

However, late August, Noumea’s bi-weekly, Bulletin du Commerce, best informed and extremely conservative, adopted a new role in two issues.

ONE issue featured, on the front page, an open letter addressed to the French Premier, M.

Bourges Maunoury, and signed “Returned Soldier of the 1914-1918 War.”

The letter took to task the French Premier for his recent appeal to the returned soldiers to forego their pensions for one year to help failing French finances.

The writer pointed out that the soldiers showed that they knew their duty in the Great War. They had helped to wipe the slate clean and so permit France to start life afresh with new hope. Alas, to their great bitterness and disappointment, they had witnessed the decay of the fruit of their efforts.

The interests of the political parties had come before those of the nation. Little by little the ranks of the old soldiers had thinned and it was from this pitiful little remnant that Premier Bourges Maunoury had the nerve to ask the abandoning of their pittance of 1,900 francs per year (£l3).

The writer pointed out that surely in the great mass of Government workers, which to-day equals that of the army of a great nation mobilised for war, means could be found of economising more effectively for the sum France needs to restore her finances.

He said that not long ago New Caledonia had witnessed the arrival of a Minister in a chartered plane —chartered just for him and his suite —and asked if the money spent on the journey would not have exceeded the sum that the returned soldiers had been asked to give up. (This reference was to the visit by a Naval Under-Secretary who attended the SEATO conference at Canberra, and who had come to Noumea in a chartered Australian plane bringing with him his suite. He later flew to Tokio to meet the French Naval commander of the Pacific.

This flight was made in a regular commercial plane).

The second criticism in Bulletin du Commerce relates to the continued visits to New Caledonia of French Members of Parliament ostensibly “en mission” and as the French say, “aux frais de la princesse” (all expenses paid).

The article points out that since relations were re-established with France following the end of the 2nd War, New Caledonia has been visited by over 50 of these Parliamentarians “en mission”.

In the space of one month eight of these gentlemen have or will arrive. They stay only about a week and then again take wing. Two of the members especially came under fire in the article. They arrived in New Caledonia via North America, Tahiti, Suva and Sydney. After staying one week they returned to Paris.

One of the gentlemen was accompanied by his wife. The article points out that though France badly needs foreign exchange, these gentlemen used a foreign air line to make their trip and even returned from Noumea to Paris by a foreign air line. The article concludes that if New Caledonia is not thoroughly known to members of the French Assemblies it will not be the fault of these “rapid explorers”.

Biggest Pacific Is.

Grant on Record

Australia Gives P-Ng

£11¼ MILLIONS INTRODUCING the Australian Budget on September 3, the Australian Treasurer, Sir Arthur Fadden, announced the provision of no less than £11,258,000 (a free gift) for Papua and New Guinea, in the year 1957-58.

In the previous year, those Territories got a slightly smaller granl but, in the year ended June 10, 1957 they actually spent £9,572,705 of gifi money.

The P-NG Territory earns at leas 1 £15,000.000 per annum through iti own products; gets the benefit o another £2,000,000 per annum spen by the big companies on oil search and in addition gets this £11,250,00) as a gift from Australia. And then is no income tax, yet. No wonde the free and enlightened burgher of P-NG sing in their baths!

This year, also, the Northen Territory gets a grant of £4,626,000an increase of £896,000 —and Norfof Island £33.000, a decrease of £4,000 Australia’s grant of over £1 millions is the biggest ever mad to any South Pacific Territory.

Do You Remember?

From PIM of 20 Years ago IN September, 1937, the Pacific was on the real threshold of the air age. Pan American Airways were planning to start a transpacific service from San Francisco to Auckland, NZ; and the Sydney- New Guinea service was also almost ready to roll.

Meanwhile, in New Guinea, everyone was still suffering from the aftermath of the Rabaul eruptions and choosing new sites for the future capital was taking up a lot of time. Here are some other extracts from the PIM of 20 years ago.

"The young plantation overseer, J. A. M.

C. Ffrost, whose appeal to the Australian High Court against extradition to New Guinea had been dismissed, was brought to Rabaul by the "Macdhui" and immediately charged before the District Court (Assistant District Officer J.

K. McCarthy) with unlawfully killing a native labourer, Mulmul ... Mr. R. C. Ollerenshaw and Mr. J. Irwin Cromie are appearing for the defence." s*< ❖ • In 1936-37 Papua balanced its Budget at about £171,000. For the current financial year (1937-38) expenditure was estimated at £170,000 —some of which was to be spent on residences for magistrates, new Lands Office, vessels for patrol work, a diesel roller for roads, improvements for Kila aerodrome and road repairs—"items that have been held in abeyance for years awaiting necessary funds".

Shipping freights for South Pacific copi had shot up by about 40 per cent, and we; causing considerable concern. At the s«n time, the copra market was fluctuating wild —although we thought that there was a bettt time coming because the Sino-Japanese wi seemed to be developing into a serious w* and this would "likely cut off supplies of soi beans". * * * The proposal that £lO,OOO should be s aside out of Papuan revenue to assist tt Public Service Superannuation Fund caused I storm amongst non-PS residents of Pap; They took the view that during the the PS had been sheltered, while others M to weather the storm. If there was n« money to spare, then let other sections of t community benefit—and a water supply Port Moresby was suggested. (Criticism ot i proposal was led by Mr. E. A. James in "Papuan Courier"). * * * There was Public Servant trouble in FI also—but this time it was the Public Serva* who were complaining. A Committee had bti inquiring into the whole PS set-up and seemed obvious from the recommendations tt there would be a bigger division than ever tween people recruited in the UK and tnn recruited locally. Under the new proposals was virtually impossible for locally recrum staff to get a salary of over £4OO per anm —and most of them were to be committed!) a life sentence of £250 as the upper Imi There were wide differences in leave and otti privileges also. PIM reported that sc; sections of the PS were "seething". 22 SEPTEMBER. 195 7 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Customs Traps Them

"Coming And Going"

Territorians Resent Taxation Reports rpHE misleading statement that X “New Guinea Pays No Taxes” is a cause of much irritation among planters and traders in Papua and New Guinea.

They well know that, while their incomes escape the tax-gatherer’s knife, they are caught, “coming and going”, at the Customhouse.

The scale of import duties on the ?oods they use, and of export duties on the products they sell and ship away, is more than equal io any likely taxation on incomes.

Two public bodies have been up n arms.

The Port Moresby Chamber of Commerce, angered by a Trusteeship Council statement that Suropeans do not pay their “fair hare”, while natives are taxed, has vritten to the Council pointing out hat the average working native lays approximately £l5 per annum, xclusive of local rates imposed; irhile the non-native (men, women nd children) have paid since 950, an average of between £llO nd £ll5 per head per annum.

A public meeting in Rabaul on mgust 29 formed a Taxpayers’ issociation to oppose the introuction of income or company tax; nd elected a committee to raise Linds and fight any such taxation lans, by propaganda and etherise. Europeans, Chinese and uronesians are represented on the bmmittee.

Mr. Dudley Jones, prime mover i forming the Association, declared lat any further taxation would ot only discourage private investlent, but would tend to drive out ith capital and labour.

Una Economy

[?]. Samoa Has $3 Million Balance APANESE know-how about tuna fishing has given American bamoa’s finances a new look.

Records for the past twelve onths, ending June 30, 1957, show at total imports for American tmoa were valued at $1,256,868 id exports $4,999,537 or practically r e million dollars.

The major portion of the exports is $4,833,186.81 for fresh fish and e canned tuna prepared by Van anp Tuna Company.

This is a $236,784 increase over n production in the previous year.

Britain Rules but Australasians Pay the Taxes

Background Of Fiji Public Service

DISCONTENT The European Civil Servants’ Association of Fiji, at the end ot August, replied fiercely to reports and decisions which followed the Carew Report. r:E rather unusual socio-economic set-up in Fiji, where Britain administers a Colony wherein practically the whole of the European economy is owned by Australia and New Zealand, is chiefly responsible for the public service discontent in Fiji, (Following Mr. W. D. Carew’s review of salaries, there was an investigation by a Select Committee and consideration by the Legislative Council—the net result of which was that former leave privileges were rather drastically reduced, salaries were not markedly increased to meet new living costs, and a recommendation that senior civil servants at least be paid an inducement allowance, to keep them in the service, was rejected.) The Association strongly defends the Fiji Civil Service against certain arguments in the reports, and says that “some of the rather cowardly criticism of officers who are not permitted to defend themselves has infuriated the whole service.” rPHIS is a situation in which the X Fiji public servants appear to have right on their side; but they are likely to be the victims of circumstances over which they have no control, and which have been ignored for far too long by the highest authorities.

The great majority of these men (and some women) have been brought to Fiji from other British territories—they are members of the British Colonial Service.

In the view of the British Colonial Office, Fiji is a tropical territory at the opposite end of the earth. Men and women who serve there have been, in the past, given special leave privileges—months off duty every two or three years; first-class fares for themselves and their families between Fiji and Britain; travelling time (representing many weeks on shipboard) not to count as part of leave; and so forth.

This has added to the cost of administration. Fiji has become a country of high taxation. Fiji has been drifting towards trade deficits.

The principal taxpayers are the big Australian and New Zealand corporations, and their staffs. Apart from the British Colonial Office people, practically the whole of the European personnel in Fiji comprises Australians and New Zealanders. (Continued on Page 24) Represented Fiji in Malaya Mr. Maurice Scott, top, and Ratu Edward Cakobau spent a few days in Sydney recently on their way to, and returning from, Malaya, where they represented the Government of Fiji at Malayan independence celebrations. In spite of their crowded itinerary in the big city they managed to find a few spare moments to smile for a RIM photographer. 23 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

Fiji is within the tropics—but it is a pleasant place in which to live, and very healthy.

Australians and New Zealanders employed by the big corporations in Fiji get only some of the tropical leave privileges hitherto granted the British public servants.

Naturally, Australian and New Zealand taxpayers in Fiji have been increasingly critical of some of the conditions (especially leave privileges) granted British Colonial Office personnel. That supplies most of the background of the present liveliness in discussion.

British public servants, accustomed to conditions in other distant British colonies, feel a keen sense of injustice. Australians and New Zealanders, accustomed already in their own countries to tropical and sub-tropical life, and only a few hours’ flying away from their homelands, anyway, have little sympathy with the British.

THERE is a problem here, and the solution is not in sight.

The Civil Servants’ Association says that, if conditions of service are not made more attractive, the quality of the service surely will deteriorate —and they probably are right.

The non-official section of the Legislative Council reflects the Fiji- Australasian viewpoint, which is certainly not that of London; and there is little likelihood of Service conditions being improved.

It is likely that the solution will come out of the developing political situation. Inevitably, within a very few years, Fiji will seek a much larger degree of self-government. If and when that comes, British personnel will tend to be replaced by people educated and trained in the South Pacific.

It is happening in other parts of the old British Empire, and it will not be long delayed here.

It may not be a change for the better The autocratic “remote control” which the British Colonial Office has exercised in Fiji for so many decades, probably was (and is) the only system which could have avoided racial and political trouble. Perhaps the British Colonial Office system (with its special privileges for highly-trained personnel) has been (and is) expensive; but it could be regarded as well worth while in view of the fact that Fiji, for so very long, despite its potentially explosive racial set-up. has enjoyed tranquillity, steady progress and much prosperity.

But the era is ending. All this two-ways bitterness in connection with public service conditions is an indication of it.

AND NOW

From Ecuador!

NZ's Banana Appetite Is Unappeased THE insatiable appetite of New Zealanders for bananas took another odd turn recently—and in so doing showed again that producers in the islands north of the Dominion have not taken full advantage of the NZ market potential.

Because of “difficulty in obtaining an adequate supply from New Zealand’s usual sources, Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa,’’ Fruit Distributors, Ltd. (the organisation which imports fruit into New Zealand), announced in August that a shipment of 30,000 bunches of bananas had been ordered from Ecuador.

The shipment, which, together with the freight, was to be paid for from sterling funds, was to arrive in Auckland by the Danish fruit ship Argentinean Reefer, 2,800 tons, about September 16.

The importers said that the landed cost would be about the same as that of bananas brought in from the Islands.

Considerable interest was likely to be shown by the importers in the condition of this fruit when it reached the consumers, as no bananas in bunch have been imported into the country, except aS personal effects of Island passengers, for many years. The practice of shipping bananas from the mam Islands ports in tightly packed crates which cause considerable bruising is open to criticism.

Almost all bananas imported into the UK and Europe are in the bunch and are mostly sold in neat “hands.” Bananas there are yellow.

In New Zealand, bananas are frequently sold black, with skin bruises and blight and are about as unattractive in appearance as they well can be.

Special equipment is required for the loading and shipping of bunched bananas. Probably less fruit can be carried per cubic foot of hold space —but only in the South Pacific does this seem to matter.

Conditions in the Cook Islands would probably be unsatisfactory bunch shipment, as there are wharves for ease of handling; K in Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga, whu suitable facilities could be ests lished, there could be a great sa\n in cost of crates, as the bund; are merely enclosed in inexpenss plastic bags. Few bananas are present produced in the C o Islands, anyway.- J.P.S.

Big Banana News New Guinea May Give Fiji (and NZ) 85,000 More Cases per annum New Guinea wild sugar-cane has long been used as breeding material for the benefit of sugar-cane growers in Fiji and elsewhere.

But NG has now made another gift to Fiji—to the probable enrichment of Fijian pockets and the appeasement of New Zealanders’ banana hunger.

NEW ZEALAND would get another 85,000 cases of Fij bananas per annum if the seal moth, estimated to cut productior by a quarter, could be wiped out.

High hopes are held for a tin: predator, not bigger than a pin head, that feeds on the larvae 01 the moth.

It was discovered in New Guine: four years ago by the Fiji Agrii cultural Department’s senior entoi mologist, Mr. B. A. O’Connor, an« Fiji appointed a well-known enta mologist, Mr. R. W. Paine, whi formerly did very useful work i: Fiji as Government Entomologis to investigate the parasite.

He found in New Guinea not on parasite in the clean banana area, but five, and the one most suitabl for Fiji was selected, and will sooi be used to combat the moth.

Considerable research has bee carried out by the Department t prove that the parasite will U successful, and also to ensui that it would not attack othe economic species. Exhaustiv laboratory tests have shown tM parasites have a decided preferen* for the scab moth larvae, and tM parasites will soon be released.

Over recent years Fijian produce; have been doing pretty well increasing production to appeal the New Zealand appetite. In tl last four years an average of 340,(K cases have been shipped, compare with an average 145,000 cases 1947-51. (In the hurricane year 1952 only 67,000 cases went soui to NZ).

According to the Acting Direct! of Agriculture, Mr. N. Lament, tH present figure cannot be increase very much unless radical chang in the organisation of the industr are made, and a number problems relating to soil fertill and cultural practices are solves However, if something could done to save that lost 85,000 cas? no extra planting would be 3 volved at all. 24 SEPTEMBER. 1957-P A C 1 F I O ISLANDS MONTHt Fiji P.S. Discontent (Continued from previous page)

Native Charged in Honiara

Bsip Has Another

Murder Sensation

VI/’HEN Reginald Poole mur- ** dered a native boy in the Solomons a couple of years ago, the subsequent trial became a seven-days picnic for the Australian Press. But when a native murdered a young Australian in Honiara on August 7, it caused not as much as a ripple on the pond.

In Honiara on August 11, a Rennellese native, Ruel Tuata, was taken into custody and later charged with the murder of Frederick Neil Gilliland.

At approximately 12.30 p.m, on August 7, Gilliland, a 27 years old Australian employed in the BSIP Treasury, was found on the floor of his kitchen suffering from severe knife wounds in head and neck.

He was taken to Central Hospital where he died an hour later.

Gilliland, whose home was in Queensland, had been with the BSIP Treasury for about two years.

During the week prior to his death, he had moved from Government transit quarters to a bachelor house near Government House, and had employed a Rennellese Islander, Ruel Tuata, as houseboy.

On the 7th, Gilliland left his office for the lunch break at 12.05 p.m.

Fifteen minutes later, Colin Marcantelli, friend and neighbour of Gilliland, heard sounds coming from Gilliland’s house. Shortly before this, he had noticed Ruel Tuata strolling away from the house. He became concerned at the sounds and went to the house, where he discovered Gilliland grievously injured. A bush knife was found nearby.

During the next few days Police parties were augmented by part of the Government labour force to make a total of 170 searchers combing the outskirts of the town and the surrounding valleys and bush country, A description of the missing houseboy was radioed to all outstations and coastal plantations, with instructions to detain him for questioning if he were seen.

Despite these seemingly widespread Police activities it was not until the morning of August 11, that Tuata was seen by two fellow Rennellese near the Bonegi River, about five miles from Honiara.

They persuaded him to surrender to the Police and stopped a car driven by a European who took them to Rove Police Depot where Tuata was taken into custody.

Tuata’s arrest eased a very noticeable tension amongst the European population which was concerned that he had been able to evade detection for the first hours of the search when he must presumably have been fairly close to his starting point. Once outside the town limits, moving towards the Bonegi area, the bush is thick on either side of the coast road.

There is a certain amount of interested speculation about the conduct of a prosecution, bearing in mind the fairly recent legislation in the UK regarding crimes of this nature. And the Reginald Poole case is still fresh in the minds of all residents, brown or white.

A great many European residents of BSIP were of the opinion that Poole should have been hanged— ]f. for no other reason, then to show that there was not one law for the natives and one for Europeans The Appeal Court in Suva, however, judged that he was insane and he was placed in a UK institution for the criminally insane.

One of the things that did emerge from the Poole controversy was that there was no provision in the BSIP for legal aid for defendants in such cases.

The Melanesian Mission briefed counsel for Poole—Mr. Dudley Jones, of Rabaul. There are no private legal practitioners in the BSIP. It was said at the time that a native in a like predicament would have been without counsel because he could not pay for a barrister to come in from P-NG or Australia to defend him.

It will, therefore, be interesting to see what the BSIP Government makes of the present case; and if Ruel Tuata is to be left without legal aid because he cannot afford it.

Sw Pacific

SHIPPING A-NG’s Sinkiang Extends to BSIP Ports r[E New Guinea Australia Line plans to enter the BSIP service from Sydney late October and thus provide Honiara and Yandina with another shipping connection with Australia, and with a new connection to New Guinea and Papua.

At present the only Australian ship on the BSIP service is Burns Philp’s Tulagi, which makes a voyage from Sydney via Norfolk Island, New Hebrides to the Solomons and then back to Sydney via Bougainville ports approximately every six weeks.

Burns Philp have, since the end of the war, provided the only regular service of this sort, and to assist them with backloading, a certain amount of BSIP copra (which normally would go to the UK) has been retained for shipping via this line to Australia.

The NGA service will be operated by the Sinkiang, which will go to Solomons direct from Brisbane.

Aftei the BSI, the ship will make routine calls at New Guinea ports.

The round trip will be Sydney, Brisbane, Honiara, Yandina, Rabaul, Kavieng, Madang, Lae, and then back to Australian ports.

Sinkiang is still on special duties in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, and is expected to leave Sydney on her first BSIP schedule about October 23.

New Caledonia's Expanding Nickel Industry The new unloading installations at the Nickel Co. in Noumea, New Caledonia. The ore is removed from the ships on endless belts and is carried into the hanger where it is prepared for smelting, lie Nou, once a notorious convict settlement, is shown in background.

Photo: F. E. Dunn. 25 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Goilala Cases

Three Men Committed To Higher Court fOWER court hearings against two .’ District Services Officers and a native Police Corporal were con- :luded in the lower court, Port Moresby, late August. The three nen concerned who were committed ;o the Supreme Court, were: Assistant District Officer Frederick David Anderson, who has been comnitted on a charge of having issaulted and fastened two natives ;o a flagpole: and on a charge of laving confined a native unlawfully » gaol for five months.

Patrol Officer John William McGregor committeed on a charge >f having handcuffed a native to a lag-pole; and having burned a lative house.

Corporal Ataimbo Kakarosi, who las been committed on charges of issaulting three natives by burning >r hitting them with a stick. • The Supreme Court case against Ataimbo was heard in Port Moresby, September 11. He was sentenced to 18 months hard labour for unlawfully assaulting a native Siwoi and doing him bodily harm, and nine months for each ; of two other assaults on two other r natives.

In passing sentence, Chief i Justice Mann said Ataimbo was encouraged to transgress the law to satisfy the unreasonable I instructions of his superiors. How- ; ever, as a policeman, he must have known he had no right to get evidence in the way he did. • The Supreme Court case against Anderson commenced on September 12, but was adjourned until September 17.

The alleged offences took place at rapini, in the Goilala sub-district of tapua—and most of them in 1956.

The proceedings in the lower ourt were long drawn out, due to he usual interpretation troubles. In Lnderson’s case, the natives conerned came from the Kunimaipa irea of Goilala.

The court’s first task was to find i disinterested Kunimaipa who can peak Motu, and then a Motu peaker with a good command of Inglish. The first Kunimaipa inerpreter was found to be a relation if Avila (who is alleged to have •een wrongfully imprisoned). The ourt dispensed with the services if two other interpreters later.

Most of the evidence taken was rom the natives who are alleged o have been burned, handcuffed, ted-up, imprisoned, etc. However, a ew interesting points emerged: • Goilala sub-district, an area of 4,000 square miles of rugged peaks and extremely truculent natives, is administered by an Assistant District Officer, one patrol-officer and a cadet patrol officer. • Although there have been over 50 murders in the area since the war, the two native plantiffs in Anderson’s case, Avila and Koupa, had in their possession a shotgun with which Avila shot Koupa’s wife, “thinking she was a pig or a wallaby.” (It was due to his annoyance over the shotgun incident that Anderson is alleged to have handcuffed Avila and Koupa to a flagpole and kept Avila in gaol for five months). • Although the Director of Native Affairs, Mr. A. A. Roberts, said in evidence that he considered it was necessary for Goilala officers to be stern, severe and just and that he had considered the administration of the district under Anderson was going perfectly, it was during Anderson’s absence on leave, from January to July this year, that the “mysterious Tapini investigations” were made. (June PIM, p. 138 ). • When Anderson returned to Port Moresby he asked Roberts what he was up against and was informed that he was facing criminal charges of assault and deprivation of liberty. He had said: “I don’t mind confessing to little things like that.” Roberts had advised him: “For goodness sake don’t admit anything. Go and see your solicitor.” • Two natives from the village where McGregor had ordered a house burnt and who had given evidence against him, when asked to identify him had walked past McGregor and had pointed to Anderson.

Friends Provide Fighting Fund OFFICERS who are attending this year's course at the School of Pacific Administration, Sydney, subscribed £2OO towards Anderson's and McGregor's legal expenses.

Offers of help have come also from officers in the Territory.

Both Anderson and McGregor pleaded not guilty to the charges.

Mr. Craig Kirke, of Port Moresby, is appearing for them.

Col. Murray Back in Brisbane A FORMER Administrator of Papua-New Guinea, Colonel J.

K. Murray, has been elected to the Queensland University Senate.

This is his second appointment to the Senate: the first was in 1953- 55. Colonel Murray has recently returned to live in Brisbane after two years in Ceylon where Mrs. Murray was principal of a girls’ college.

Colonel Murray was Administrator of Papua-New Guinea, 1945- 52.

His appointment was made by the then Labour government; and he was unceremoniously emptied out by the present Liberal government. The reasons for this seemed clearer in 1952 than they do to-day. t Mr. Kwan Wing Leung (known more usually as Sweetie), was host at a lavish Chinese dinner held in his Chinatown home in Honiara, BSIP, on the evening of Friday, August 16. About 15 Europeans were at the dinner which marked Sweetie’s 46th birthday. The celebrations began with an elaborate firework display, and continued through numerous Chinese foods, cases of champagne, and a terrifyingly comprehensive collection of wines and spirits. 27

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Territories Talk-Talk

By Tolala Radish-Man, Move Over! fIIHE Didiman argument moves X from vegetable to animal kingdom now. Sydney Chance (wellknown in both Territories, pre-war), writes: • A couple of real old hands (I gather, from the Solomons and Rabaul early in the century), joined a gathering of old New Guineaites regularly held in Brisbane, and we talked of “ Didiman”, and one put forward an ingenious solution to the mystery of the name by saying that ages ago a man who kept cows lived where the Agricultural Department and Gardens were and was known as a Titiman. (Why not Susuman, I do not know!) And that Titiman became Didiman. I wonder; it’s not as if the letter T is hard to say, for half the natives in the area have names beginning with T.

I strongly suspect the old hand had his tongue in his cheek, but let that go. I would be very surprised if any cows were kept in or near Rabaul at that early period, around 1908-10.

The only cattle I saw there in 1911 were of the Zebu type, used for hauling the plantation carts. “Susu” for the table came out of a tin, as did most European food, though certainly a freezer was started about that time by Louri and Mouton. The former was an engineer, the latter had the dough.

The first properly organised dairy, serving the Rabaul township, was run by “Sleevy” Reed, starting there in the middle ’thirties.

As for Syd’s remark about the locals pronouncing the letter T, which is so general in their names; Most of the names start with “To”, which is equivalent to our “Mister.”

The females answer to “la”. But a strange fact with the Blanche Bay natives is that they invariably confuse the sounding of the “t” and “s”

Derivations Another note came to me recently about Pidgin derivations. This time regarding the lowly duck.

“Why Pato?” asks my enquirer; so I repeat: “Why Pato?” Whence and why?

There are many other Pidgir words whose deriva t i on s are shrouded in mystery, and it might be a good idea to search for the source of their origin before it is toe late.

This thought is prompted by the rumour that “Pidgin” is to be wipec and already I from news broadcasts, an “English League” has been started amongst the natives who will speak only true English.

I often wonder how many more schoolings and regimentations we whites are going to inflict on thi P-NG guinea-pigs in our sociologies experiments. There’s already a corit fusion of creeds; a conflict oc tongues and a medley of mors ethics.

Turning Back the Clock Seldom does one read of real oldt timers’ (repeat, old-timers’) persons experiences in New Guinea.

Actually, there aren’t many res old-timers left, and those who stil exist seem to have neither the timn nor the inclination to record theh early adventures.

I think most of them feel that tin present generation couldn’t care les; what happened in the days whes the whites were laying the foundas tions of what the Territory is to day.

The refurbished and almost rebuilt Palm Theatre, Rabaul, which in May was officiall opened in its new glory. The owners, Mr. an Mrs. A. Y. Chan, are shown inset.

Photo: C. H. Meen SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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N. 80.40 I was pleasantly surprised, thereore, when there came to me recently i copy of the Hamburger-Hafen Vachrichten, of August 1, 1956, in phich I found a most interesting irticle by Capt. Carl Haug, entitled, Un Traum wird Wirklichkeit (A Dream That Came True), telling of lis early days in Sydney and his 'earning to visit the South Sea slands back in 1897.

He almost made the grade, but was onsidered too young to ship in the chooner Alexandra, though he had net three of the crew: Charlie Charlie Ost r o m and Jharley Ohlsen.

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He accepted, found himself earaarked to relieve Capt. Vogt in the leu Guinea Kompagnie’s island teamer Siar.

During a trial trip he met up again nth the three “Charlies” of his Sydney days ten years previously, nd all doing very well for themelves.

The old-time skipper has many ateresting remarks on affairs arrent in 1907, and his article makes pod reading, especially for noughtful people of to-day. I comlend it to the New Britain Historical society as a vignette of the life that sed to be: “When Dreams Came xue. ’ (Over) Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Cheese, at the reception which followed their marriage in the Lutheran church, Lae, in August. The bride was formerly Miss Dorothy Ellen Scott, fourth daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Scott, of Lae. 29 Pacific islands monthly September, i» 5 7

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The Old Matunga E. W. Harrison’s contribution to the “Editors’ Mail Bag” ( PIM, Aug., p. 20), brought back memories, although the good ship was not plying in the German islands at the date he mentioned —1911.

But I recall a trip I made in Matunga in 1915, with Donaldson as skipper. I joined the ship at Faisi, and we travelled to Rabaul then back through the Solomons to Sydney.

Willy Dupain was acting supercargo to Rabaul, where he disembarked to take over BP’s store there.

Willy, one of BP’s oldest managers, was at Cairns when I came out from durance vile with the Japs in October, 1945, travelling on Marella, with Skipper Donaldson as master.

Many a good yam we had of the old days. Willy came aboard with his charming wife, as glamorous as when I first saw her in ’22 aboard the Speejacks in Rabaul harbour.

Matunga was, of course, captured by the German raider Wolf, and passengers and crew taken for a ride to Europe, all of which was recorded by Donaldson in his story of the raider Wolf. Mortimer, the skipper mentioned by Harrison, spent most of his years on the Sydney-Singapore run after leaving Matunga. (Mr. Harrison supplied an old programme with his letter to the Mailbag. It was typed on a “ Matunga” letter-head and we do not think we made a mistake with the date. The programme has now been returned. Mr. Harrison did not actually say " Matunga ” was trading to German NG, but she must have been up that way. — Editor).

Twenty Years Ago The preamble to “Do You Re member” (P/M Aug., p. 22) recal the visit of Lord Gowrie to Rabau following the eruption at the end c May, 1937. In many ways the vis was quite informal.

The G-G was a man of assure 30 SEPTEMBER, 1.57-PAC.F.C ISLANDS MONTH.

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(INOOBPOBATED IN NEW BOOTH WALES WITH LIMITED LIABILITY) Dsition and consequently gracious ) all. There was the usual followig of newspaper correspondents, nd amongst them was young David tcNicoll (son of the Administrator) )r the SMH.

David has gone a long way since len; he is now editor-in-chief of le Sydney Telegraph. !argo Cult A Mr. Valentine appears to have irown a stick of dynamite into the ission machinery of P-NG with his atements concerning responsibility >r encouraging cargo cult amongst >me of the natives of New Britain.

So much so as to draw somewhat sated replies in the local Press from Bads of two mission societies.

It is a bad business, but by no leans a new argument to attempt | sheet home the blame on a parlcu 1 a r denomination. Thumbing irough a few back numbers of PIM came across a lengthy screed by a utheran missionary from the USA inying any mission influence in the lit and placing the blame on “uniristian white man’s culture.”

And that was 11 years ago (PIM, me, 1946, p. 44).

I can envisage greater dangers arising out of this form of native Socialism now than in the pre-war years before the introduction of native co-operatives, which are responsible for lowering many of the old tribal barriers, and have created a greater co-ordination of native thought and action in opposition to European domination.

It is the thin end of the nationalist wedge and will grow as the isolationism due to tribal animosities diminishes.

An Eye for An Eye There has been a considerable amount of publicity given lately concerning the “pay-back” system as practised amongst the indigenes of the Goilala folk in Papua, and a WET WEATHER TROUBLES IN LAE where 21 ches 17 points were recorded in July and more [?]ches in the first weeks of August. At top [?] shown mail van at rest in gully after it [?]ipped off Namanula Hill, on August 19. The [?]lf-starter had failed and while waiting for tow, some Police Boys started to push, but [?]shed the wrong way, and the ground being soft [?]ter heavy rains, the vehicle slipped off and [?]nded right way up at the bottom of the [?]lly.

Lower: House at foot of Mount Lunaman [?]he rise to NE of Lae Town) which was [?]ttened by landslide during record rainfall [?] Saturday, August 17. 31 | A c IF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 19 5 7

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For Children: 1-2 years, one INFANT FORMULA TABLET once weekly or half-tablet twice weekly. 3-5 years, two INFANT FORMULA TABLETS once weekly or one INFAN i FORMULA TABLET twice weekly.

Treatment Dose—

For Adults: 3 tablets taken as a Single dose. A second dose of 3 tablets may be given in from 24-72 hours if fever has not subsided completely.

For Children: 1-2 years, one INFANT FORMULA TABLET as a single dose. 3-5 years, two INFANT FORMULA TABLETS as a single dose.

IMPORTANT: CAMOQUIN should be taken immediately after or during a full meal.

Obtainable From all chemists and suppliers of PARKE-DAVIS products

Parke, Davis & Co., Ltd., Sydney

native Crown witness was given police protection as a result of his evidence before the Court.

The “Back ’im” system is naturally rife throughout the Pacific —or the world generally, if it comes to that;; but the tactics adopted in the SW Pacific Islands are usually of a more primitive type.

In later years death has attained a monetary valuation and irrational actions can be “bought” by the payment of goods or some variety ol currency. This was illustrated last month when P-NG’s Chief Justice arranged with Goilala relatives tc accept payment for the death of a woman; Two pigs, a couple of dogs and a tooth necklace were agreec upon as the value of the deceasedplus the loss of face.

It would be nice if Malaitamen down in the BSIP, could be inducec to follow the same idea.

In some quarters down in th» “Sorrowfuls” the loss of the twe missionaries last May off the Makirs coast, and the stabbing to death lasi month of Fred Gilliland, are deemeo to be connected with the Poole case This may or may not be the case At any rate it leaves room for s certain amount of speculation.

The Weed in P-NG More about New Guinea’s tobacc: industries past and present (PIM Aug. p. 146) ; A syndicate of local New Britai:. planters produced stick tobacco a a factory on the North Coast, on of Rabaul, back in the middl thirties. Its produce had quite successful run for a time: but fc some reason the venture petered oui The Madang area has bee identified with the tobacco industn since the early nineties when th old Neu Guinea Kompagnie de veloped it with Asiatic labour air exported a considerable quantity.

Without doubt TNG could becom a world-famous tobacco country only properly directed. Vested in terests in other lands, no doubt, wr see that it is not so directed.

The same, of course, applies • sugar. As is well known, TNG the natural home of the sugar cam whence other sugar-producin countries obtain fresh stocks froc time to time.

Incidentally—and nothing to ( with old-fashioned lines—the mode? trend for kiddies’ hoops made cane would become a money spinnr for some energetic Island exporter Sydney retailers are getting aboc a bob a foot for those circles kanda. • The current hoop craze amonc& Australia's small fry is almost et tirely confined to females. This hoops with a difference. You don bowl them , you put them round yoz middle and by swinging the hips (Continued on Page 36) 32 SEPTEMBER. 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L-

Ideal Resort for Islanders on Leave u J(oL yy >p° Coquette Point via Innisfail, North Queensland EXCLUSIVE

Guest House

Excellent Cuisine » Electricity Septic Hot and Cold Water Proprietress: LILLIAN MILLAR (Ex N.G.) P.O. Box 617, Innisfail, N.Q P-NG Has Some New Public Servants On August 12, 83 natives in spotless white [?]irts and shorts or laplaps were presented [?]ith letters of appointment as officers of the [?]xiliary Division in the Papua-New Guinea [?]ublic Service.

They are the Port Moresby section of 169 dministration servants chosen for the new [?]vision.

They have received substantial rises in pay [?]nd ail higher offices of the Public Service [?]re now open to them.

The letters of appointment were presented [?] the Administrator of the Territory, Brigadier M. Cleland, and Public Service Commissioner, [?]r. N. Thomson.

Brigadier Cleland told the new officers that [?]ey were helping to administer their country [?]behalf of their own people.

"We are here to help and guide you, and [?]e want your help," he said.

The Port Moresby men are shown above, [?]ith, front row (left to right); Mr. L. F. [?]tier, Senior PS Inspector; Mr. Neil Thomson, [?]Commissioner; Brigadier D. M. Cleland, dministrator; Dr. J. T. Gunther, Assistant dministrator; Mr. D. I. Glastonbury, Inspector [?]raining), PS Commissioner's Department. 33 P r 1 F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

INTERNATIONAL Golden Du 1907 1927 1917 The first International Truck—the two-cylinder "Auto-wagon"—was introduced in U.S.A. in 1907. It was designed for farmers who had to run over rutted and muddy tracks, and many of these trucks were used in Australia. Over the years since 1907, there has been a great succession of International Truck models—only a few are shown above.

This half century of accumulated "know-how" is the heritage of design and manufacture developed in U.S.A., and brought to Australia in 1950 by International Harvester. This great heritage, combined with a careful analysis of truck operators' requirements ensures every operator in the business a choice of models unequalled in Trucking history. To-day, in the great range of nearly sixty Dandenong-built International Trucks, there is a model which will exactly meet your needs. You can expect unsurpassed economy—greatest power output at lowest running cost—in the mighty Australian Black Diamond truck engines. You will find unrivalled comfort, convenience and visibility in the Comfo-Vision cabs. Years of hard use will prove to you that the 1957 International Trucks, are unbeaten for carrying capacity and endurance.

International Truck 2

International Harvester Company of Australia Pty. If 34 SEPTEMBER, 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

TRUCKS Anniversary 1957 1947 1937 ■ i\

This Medallion

MARKS A

Milestone In

Motor Truck

MANUFACTURE From the range of nearly 60 different types of trucks made in Australia by International Harvester there is a model to suit your job. Standard and four-wheel drive models are available and load ratings are from 12 cwt, up to 13 tons (with semi-trailer). □

Distributors In The S.W. Pacific

DISTRIBUTORS FOR PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA: Steamships Trading Company Limited, Port Moresby and Samarai.

Dealers: New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., Lae. Rabaul Hotel & Trading Co. Ltd., Rabaul.

DUTCH NEW GUINEA: H. Englebert n.v. Hollandia.

SOLOMON ISLANDS: Mr. K. H. Dalrymple Hay, Honiara.

NEW CALEDONIA: Agence Automobile, Noumea.

TAHITI: Hintze & Company, Papeete.

FIJI, TONGA AND SAMOA; Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

NEW HEBRIDES: Kerr Bros. Limited, Sydney. >0 years of motor truck quality strict Sales Offices in Capital Cities of Australia. Works: Dandenong and Geelong, Victoria. 35 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

PRONTO Self-winding, Automatic Rotor Watch

Unbreakable And Rustproof Mainspring

Shockproof And Waterproof

Can be worn when playing tennis, golf, etc. —when swimming or showering. Specially made for tropical conditions.

AGENTS: C. SULLIVAN (Export) PTY. LTD., 66 Pitt St., Sydney C. SULLIVAN (Q’ld.) PTY. LTD., 318 Adelaide St. Brisbane C. SULLIVAN (New Guinea) LTD., Rabaul, New Guinea C. SULLIVAN (Pacific Islands) LTD., Suva, Fiji a circular motion keep the hoop revolving—hence the name “Hula hoop.”

What’s Wrong With Their Sums?

“Please Explains” and departmental minutes between the Auditor- General and the P-NG Administration have become so consistent that one hardly takes much notice of them —feeling that nothing will ever be done —or, any rate, be publicly explained.

Nevertheless, news that “Investigators Probing” under a section of the Public Service Ordinance into the manner in which outstation officers are administering official funds gives one to ponder, more especially in view of the criticism levelled against the P-NG Administration in the expenditure of grants by the Public Accounts Committee in Canberra.

Mr. C. E. Reseigh, of the Finance and Economic Division of the Territories Dept, told the Federal Accounts Committee that evidence existed of lack of financial control in the Territories, pointing out that monies for grants had been socked away in the old oak chest. Of one allocation of £20,000, only £39 had been spent. A Labour Member of the Committee referred to these sums as “spare pocket money.”

In the Moresby TAG, strong criticism was recently levelled at a Public Works quote of £50,000 a mil for sealing a Moresby road. “Twelv times more than a Dept, of Maii Roads estimate in NSW,” said th critic I asked a local municipal counc engineer what the cost was in and he gave me £l2O a chain fc the average job and, according 1 my electronic brain that works oi at something like £9,600 a mil There’s got to be a lot of extra won to make up the difference.

Very confusing. Or is it?

Delayed Action In early December, 1956, follov ing payments to former POW’s ■ the Japs from £4.5M (Sterling) pa. by the Japs to the International Re Cross, the Australian Governme: announced that it would provu £20,000 for civilians who had su fered hardships as internees of tl Japs.

On August 17, 1957, an advertis; ment appeared in the Sydney pape calling on Australian citizen qualified to receive such assistani from the Civilian Internees’ Tm Fund, to make application.

“No claim will be considered received after August 31, 1957”, re:i the advertisement.

Seems a bi stiff. Eight mont; for the bureaucrats to get busy, b only 14 days for the “civilians.”

P-Ng Case Opens

Claim For 5½

DAYS WEEK r[E hearing of the Administr tion’s application for a restor tion of a 5i days week 1 Public Servants in Port Mores* Lae and Rabaul began in P<* Moresby on August 20 and laj adiourned to Rabaul.

The application is being heard Public Service Arbitrator, Mr.

Galvin.

A five days’ week for Territi; public servants was started as* six months’ experiment almost t years ago.

The Administration’s applicate is based on a contention that: the five days week is retained Europeans the privilege must, justice, be extended to natives, present natives employed by Administration work a 51 dl week.

If Mr. Sid Cook, who in recent y© has established a big and profits taxi transportation Port Moresby, has at last succeed m netting a substantial block : e-ood land in the Brown River a :s about 20 miles away from the toe He plans to move out there t become a primary producer. 36 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Marine Spares

Suppliers of all marine equipment, spare parts for diesels, benzine, outboards, etc., new and secondhand.

Prompt service. Marine Spares, 57 Railway Parade, Marrickville, N.S.W.

AND FULLY POWERED

On The Day It'S Sold

DUNLOP Dty-thargett battery DUNLOP b 5 aOBBt* COLD ' Every Dunlop battery is dry charged ... its life and guarantee does not begin until your dealer adds the acid. It can’t deteriorate on the shelf. You can depend on DUNLOP for a fresh power-packed battery.

Can’t get old before it’s sold.

DUNLOP No other tread looks like | it... grips like it. . . wears | like it. B’ss exclusive cold ( rubber tread cuts a quarter | off your tyre costs.

High Quality Oxfords for men and boys DUNLOP "WELDONS Sturdy, long wearing shoes with pressure welded soles that will not scuff at the toes.

Black or Tan.

Men’s sizes 5-11.

Youths’ 2-4. // 6915 Islanders Meet in Sydney...

NG Has Women Representative at Mining Congress OFF on more international travels, in early September, was Mrs. Doris Booth, of “Cliffside”, 3ulolo, New Guinea, who was jound for Canada.

In Canada, Mrs. Booth will attend the sixth Commonwealth Mining and Metallurgical Congress —one of the few women to do so.

However, she is used to being a female trail-blazer. She was one of the first people on the Wau goldfields in the 20’s and has been associated with goldmining ever since—without sacrificing any of her femineity by doing a man-sized job.

Mrs. Booth has been the mining representative on the Papua-New Guinea Legislative Council since the Council’s inception, but she intimated some months ago that she would not be available for nomination to the new council formed this month. (See elsewhere.) Amongst those who attended a Polynesian Association function in Sydney were, left, Mr. Peter Jackson with Mr. Peter Blood (son of Mr. and Mrs. N. Blood of New Guinea), who is at the Sydney University. Right, Madame Antoinette Mourin, formerly of New Caledonia, with French visitors Victor Bruncher and Andre Selwyn (extreme left and right) and Mr. Jack Jenkins, formerly of Norfolk Island. 37 pacific islands monthly September, 1057

Demka Agencies

Proprietary Limited SYDNEY / Exclusive Manufacturers’ Representatives in the PACIFIC ISLANDS for G. AMBALAL (Export) PRIVATE LTD.

' Calcutta. India

Apeldoornsche Nettenfabriek Von

ZEPPELIN & CO. N.V.

Apeldoorn, Holland W. J. BUSH & CO. (AUSTRALIA) PTY. LTD.

Sydney Melbourne London BOSTON INDUSTRIES PTY. LTD.

Sydney BRITISH UNITED DAIRIES PTY. LTD.

Melbourne

Bruynzeel Factories

Zaandatn. Holland

Bradford Cotton Weaving Mills

(VIC.) PTY. LTD.

Melbourne BORNEO SUMATRA TRADING CO. LTD.

The Hague Osaka Hong Kong Durban Djakarta Singapore, etc.

BALLARAT BREWING CO. LTD.

Melbourne COLONIAL SUGAR REFINING CO. LTD. (Building Materials Division) Sydney E. VAN DE SANDT N. V.

Rotterdam. Holland J. CROWLEY & CO. PTY. LTD. / Sydney D.A.K. MEAT PACKERS LTD.

Roskilde, Denmark

Glazebrooks Paints (Aust.) Pty. Lt

Melbourne Sydney

Lan Choo Tea Company

Sydney LEECHMAN & CO. LTD.

Colombo, Ceylon MAXWELL PORTER & SON LTD.

Sydney WILLIAM MURRAY & CO. LTD.

Glasgow, Scotland

Philips Electrical Industries Lt

Eindhoven Paris London Sydney, etc..

PLASTALON PTY. LTD.

Melbourne Sydney SCOTT & SONS PTY. LTD.

Sydney

Scott'S Detergents (A/Sia) Pty. Lt

Sydney

John Zevenboom & Co. Pty. Ltdc

Melbourne Sydney

2-12 Carrington Street, Sydney

Cable Address: DEMKAY, SYDNII 38 SEPTEMBER, 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Established 1870 Cable Address: “ WEYSEAS, SYDNEY”, Place yourselves in the hands of Specialists for your requirements in

Fresh Fruit & Vegetables

Potatoes & Onions

★ We invite your enquiries WEYMARK & SON (overseas) pty. ltd. 14-18 STEAMMILL STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Fiji's First Contingent to World War I his photograph was taken in Sydney. It ws what was then the well-known liner S 'Makura", which left Suva on January 1915, and aboard her were about 50 resilts of Fiji, described as the First Fiji Conjent to World War I—all volunteers preed to fight for Great Britain. They were in miand of (then) Captain C. A. Swinbourne As jor Swinbourne died in Sydney last year, Swinbourne now has kindly sent this ‘resting picture to the Editor of the "Pacific mds Monthly". Practically every man in the tingent placed his signature on the margin the photograph. Major Swinbourne kept memento all his life—and the names are I as clear and readable as they were 42 rs ago. The photograph now has been sent to Fiji, to be hung in either the Defence b or the Fiji Museum, in Suva. The followare the names on the photograph, as far we have been able to decipher them: H. Swinbourne (Capt.).Cecil H. Williams (Lance A. Forsyth.

Barry A. Stockton.

Wilson.

G. Thomas.

E. Bailey (Sgt.).

W. Mace.

Willoughby.

Macaulay.

H. Turner. f- Beddoes.

Mackay.

Walker.

H. Pinkerton. n B. Hall.

N. Loder. liam A. C. Niven.

Thompson.

O. Mahony.

Corp.).

H. C. Millard.

Gilbert P. Miers (Lt.).

G. R. Paul.

Len Farnworth.

James A. Tilney-Rusch.

B. Henry Marks (Corp.).

R. Taylor.

H. I. Goodman.

C. Whittenbury (Bugler), A. Speirs.

H. Bursill.

A. M. Wilson.

L. L. Day.

C. H. Ross.

A. W. Grey, R. H. Court.

P. V. Haley.

V. C. Witham.

W. J. Edwards.

V. Abrahams.

F. R. Cairns.

H. W. Snodgrass.

Geo. Hammell.

H. 0. Gillemore.

R. E. Bach.

H. J. Flecham.

Wm. Ryan.

S. W. Cutbush.

A. E. Dendy.

J. C. Way.

William B. Moir.

W. Gray.

C. P. Livingston.

W. Parnell.

Geo. Harness.

W. 0. Hill. v Mine workers at Vatukoula, Fiji, have been awarded a wage increase of 6d a day as a result of a decision by Mr. D. M. N. McFarlane, who acted as arbitrator between the Emperor Gold Mining Co. and the Fijian Mine Workers' Union. 39

Acific Islands Mont. Hly September, 1957

1935 195* - £ £ Capital Issued Reserves and unapp't'd. 468,326 1,305/, profits 200,000 1,723,1, Due to subsidiaries . . — 663„ Due by subsidiaries . — 537„ Creditors 78,187 18,.

Investments 217,885 2,936,.

Property, ships, etc. . 277,475 Sundry debtors 225,038 8,1 Stock 72,243 3,1 Cash on hand — 198,1 Net profit 48,684 273,1 Dividend, per cent. . . 3 Carried forward . 6,082 394,1 SARDIK pure fruit juice extractors MODEL "AA'

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Both models are powered with heavy duty i h.p., 240 volt AC single phase, ball bearing motors. Suitable for continuous operation.

PRICES: Model "AA" EA37/10/-; Model "BB" £AS2.

F. 0.8. Sydney Sole Pacific Islands Agents: VENTURATRADING Co. Pty. Ltd.

Union House, 247 George St., Sydney, Australia Cables: “VENTURA” Phone: 8U2319 j t The death has occurred in Paris of Monster Laffont, managingdirector of the Nickel Company. It was mainly due to M. Laffont’s efforts that the big scheme of modernisation of the Noumea smelters and the construtcion of the Yate hydroelectric scheme was commenced two years ago. He had many interests in French industry and commerce and was well liked in New Caledonia. t Lautoka Town Council, Fiji, proposes to take drastic measures to control mosquitoes. It has put the onus squarely on householders, land owners, etc., to control them, and if mosquito larvae is found on premises the Council will prosecute.

Comparison with 1935 Shows Remarkable Figures

Growth Of The W. R. Carpenter

Pacific Empire

r[AT large South Pacific investment and trading corporation, W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd,, has just issued its annual balancesheet (year ended June 30 last).

The figures are remarkable —a net profit of £273,191 (£31,000 better than 1956), and a carry-forward of £394,859, after paying 15 per cent.

It is a Company with a:, interesting history.

The late Sir Walter Carpente formed it in 1914, to engage i; trade opportunities created in th Islands by the elimination c Germany in World War I. Turn over grew so rapidly that the nee for new trading capital was almos crippling; and “W.R.”, financis genius as he was, had to fight life a demon to retain control of tb new Company for the Carpente family. How many, who witnesse his struggles then, could ha-v envisaged this 43rd balance-sheet PIM first made acquaintance wit the Carpenter Company in the earthirties. By then, it was aboi 20 years old and doing nicell Most of its operations were still : the one corporation, with heao quarters in Sydney; but already had formed or was formin subsidiaries to handle its ne shipping line, new insurance con pany, and new air transportatio in New Guinea.

Since then, the whole structui has been rearranged, so that me of the trading activities have bet transferred to various associab and subsidiary companies, wii headquarters in various places some outside of Australia —and good deal of the original subscrib< capital has been returned; so th the original Company, still O’Connell Street, Sydney, now mostly an investment and holdiJ company. In addition, the hn inflation of the post-war period h taken the significance from con parative figures. Nonetheless, it. interesting to compare this lat* (43rd) balance-sheet with that the Mid-’Thirties (the 21st); Carpenters, through their as.? ciates and subsidiaries, now contt or are interested in storekeeping ?

New Guinea and Fiji; shipping most of the oceans: insurance Australia and most of the Teif tones; air transporation in Guinea; planting in various Islanr copra-crushing mills in Fiji s 40 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH)

00* the best value you can buy \

Reinforced Nylon Heel

Wool For Comfort

REINFORCED NYLON TOE Bond’s Nu Fits

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Sole Export Agents:

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»w Guinea; and only the general anagers know w r hat else. Atom »mbs could break many eggs—so se men spread their eggs through any baskets.

| New Brewery In Fiji

The Directors report their latest terprise—a new brewery in Fiji. ; this, they have been joined by e powerful Carlton United ■ewery, of Melbourne; and a new mpany, Carlton Brewery Fiji mited, has been formed to own d operate the Suva establishment now nearly complete.

Directors of WRC & Co. are; essrs. R. B. Carpenter (Chairjtn), C. H. Carpenter (Vicelairman), W. S. Bennett, B. B. irriman, W. G. Johnson, C. D. ownhill and H. E. Snell. In 1935 gures quoted above) the Directors are: Sir Walter Carpenter (Chairin and Managing Director), R.

Carpenter (Assistant Managing rector), Sir Henry Braddon, D.

Brownhill, and C. H. Carpenter, r. Perriman then was Supertendent in New Guinea. In the esent Board, Mr. C. D. Brownhill s succeeded his father, a leading dney stockbroker; and Mr. W. G. hnson (Managing Director of the jpenter Co. in Fiji), and Mr. H.

Snell (Chairman, of Morris idstrom Ltd.) have joined the adquarters Board since Carnters acquired control of Morris idstrom Ltd. [?]tors Mean [?]ney [?] Government Coffers Fiji there is one motor-vehicle to about every 40 people. ‘ Not a high percentage, as overseas hide statistics go, but it is a :t that there are now twice as my licenced vehicles in Fiji ,211 in 1956) as there were four ars ago.

More vehicles have meant more trol consumption 6,386,000 lions last year—and corresponding lount of lubricating oil and Bases.

Ihe Customs Department is tting its share of the increased troleum imports and last year llected something like £211,300 in ty thereon. As the Colony spent ly £136,000 on roads, consolidated yenue is still showing a healthy ofit on the motor trade, rhe Suva Chamber of Commerce inks that at least £50,000 of this uld be spent each year in the xt three years to bring the road Dm Suva to Nadi international rport to all-weather standard.

The Fiji Broadcasting Comission’s 180-ft radio mast at unavua, Fiji, which was twisted it of alignment in the 1953 rthquake, has been straightened it and overhauled.

Levuka School Goes On Theatrical Tour GREATLY daring, Levuka School did what no other school in Fiji has done before. It went on a theatrical tour.

At Levuka, the School staged the Gilbert and Sullivan “HMS Pinafore”, and they did it so well they decided to take it to Suva— possibly to show the present capital city what the old capital was still capable of.

They produced it wisely—using masters and mistresses in the adult SS& t Sk b 2*o£S* glrto in absurdity Toeing * chlldr“tempting to play adult parts without any conviction whatsoever, When they found it difficult to finance the travelling expenses, Mr.

W, G. Johnson, managing director, of Messrs. W. R. Carpenter (Fiji) Ltd., who had been impressed by the show became the fairy Godmother of the piece and came to their assistance. 41 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

is a security man ...

Unguarded industrial plants and factories are magnets to marauders a standing invitation to steal tools and stock!

But thieves don’t bother plants that have “Cyclone” chainwire fencing, gates and window-guards. These famous “Cyclone” industrial products are a sound long-term investment giving life-long security to your company’s assets.

“Cyclone” provides safety for workmen, too, with machinery guards, catwalks and many other chainwire and tubular steel installations. Call us about “Cyclone” security today! clone

Industrial Fencing, Gates And Window Guards

Morley Avenue, Rosebery. Rhone MU 1431 and at Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth, Brisbane, Townsville C725/24 42 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

ALL SERVICE TRADING CO.

Post Office Box 241, North Sydney, Australia

General Buying Agents

Specialised Service for Motor Parts —Accessories—Tyres—Tools—Etc.

Bankers: Commonwealth Trading Bank of Australia.

WILLIAM FARRER PTY. LTD.

Flour Millers I BERESFORD RD., STRATH FI ELD, N.S.W.

Cable Address; “Butterfly” mm est •IBEX’* BRAND.

[?]O Test Matches, But—

Fijians Provide Entertainment For NZ Rugby Fans HHE Fijian football team concluded L its recent NZ tour with a good, but not outstanding, record. The jam won 10 games, lost three and rew two.

Most notable successes were in the vo “Tests” against the Maoris.

In the first match against the [aoris, at Wellington, the tourists ad a runaway win by 36 to 13, but le Maoris fielded a better side in le second match at Dunedin.

In this match, the Fijians were escribed as unconvincing, even lough they won 17-8.

The tourists scored 317 points, an irerage of better than 21 a match, ad showed attacking ability above le average.

However, 182 points scored against lem indicated that their defence as indifferent.

Early clamour that the team lould be given a run against a full ew Zealand Test side died away alf-way through the tour, when was realised that the tourists ould be badly beaten in such a latch.

Entertaining though they may be, le Fijians have not based their ;yie of play on sound Rugby prinples, and would have no chance gainst an All Black pack, which ould exercise such control over the all that the fleet and enterprising ijian backs would see little of it.

NZ experts spoke highly of the ipabilities of the backs, but shook leir heads at the way the forwards ent about their work.

The team lost two games in the outh Island—against Southland nd Canterbury.

These two provinces traditionally roduce the hard rucking type of nward, who can be matched only y teams which play a similar type f football.

In any case it would be too much ) expect Fiji to beat Canterbury, hich soundly beat the 1956 Spring oks, and even more convincingly ccounted for the 1957 All Blacks r hen they returned from Australia.

The tourists were popular wherever tiey went, and played before crowds hich packed the grounds to capacity.

Jo Levula, the flying left-winger, hrilled the spectators as he had i NZ in 1951 and again in Ausralia in 1952 and 1954.

Orisi Dawai, captain of the Jursists, a centre-three-quarter, had he hallmark of class about everything he did, and showed that as n attacking centre he is probably without a peer in the world to-day.

Full-back Nacanieli Uluiviti, who Jarned the fundamentals of the ame while a student at Auckland University, was a sound, and at times spectacular full-back, and Jese Mucunabitu played grandly at scrum-half.

NZ reports indicated that all the backs were worthy tourists and well up to NZ interprovincial standard.

Isimeli Radrodro, Isikeli Cawa, Nacanieli Nabaro and Jos e f a Saukuru were the best of the forwards.

The full scores in each match were (Fijj scores first); v Poverty Bay, 14-14; v Bay of Plenty, 22-3; v. Auckland, 38-17; v North Auckland, 6-3; v. Taranaki, 8-8; v. King Country, 14-26; v Manawatu, 30-12; v. Wairapara, 27-8; v Maoris (first Test), 36-13; v Marlborough, 39-9: v. West Coast, 23-17; v. Southland, 8-13; v Maoris (second Test), 17-8; v. Mid-Canterbury, 19-9; v Canterbury, 16-22. # ♦ t According to a recent Vatican announcement, the south-central Polynesian vicariate formerly styled the Vicariate of Tonga, will henceforth be styled the Vicariate Apostolic of Tonga and Niue. This follows the recent establishment of a Catholic mission at Niue. Some time ago the Vicariate of Samoa had its title changed to Vicariate Apostolic of Samoa and the Tokelau Islands. There has been a Catholic mission in the Tokelaus for many years. 43 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

British Thomson

HOUSTON 16 m.m. SOUND PROJECTORS ex Fiji Bond to anywhere.

Price: £230 F. 0.8. Suva.

Full service and repair facilities, by air or sea, throughout South Pacific Islands.

Distributors throughout the Pacific Area for M.G.M. 16 mm. feature films; Fiji Trading Company Limited

Victoria Parade, Suva, Fiji

M 1 a Attention , Essence Users

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Orders should be placed through your usual Islands' Agents.

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These Islands folk and friends attended a recent Polynesian Association gathering in Sydney:— Top: Elizabeth Gibson, Ramona Bentley and Renee Gosnell, all of Suva.

Centre: Miss Anek Rolland, Madame Yvette Cazeaux and Mr. Alex Rolland—all of New Caledonia.

Lower: John Legge, Robert Legge and Victor Gosnell, all of Rotuma. 44 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

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New Guinea Diary

From Notes Made In The Territory

By R. W. Robson Those Down-Trodden Slaves IY host in a modest Rabaul home referred to statements made recently by an Australian politictt who thought native servants re oppressed and underpaid: T pay my house-boy (a good allmder) 50/- per week, and all md. ‘He is very fond of the cinema, d goes once or twice a week. On )se evenings he pays 3/- each y for a taxi and 3/- admittance— • altogether.”

Finschhaven Now Only a Name on a Map STRONG body of official and . semi-official opinion favoured Finschhaven (on the southtern corner of Huon Peninsula, the New Guinea mainland) as s capital of P-NG, after the war. might have gone there, had it ) been for the fact that Port resby is in Australian Territory ipua) and Finschhaven in the isteeship, of very uncertain future, [his information was given me in haul lately by Mr. Dudley Jones, o had been making some rerches. •re-war, Finschhaven was only a ssion-station, prettily situated on rery good harbour. In the early frman time”, it became adminative headquarters; but bad fever ve the Germans from there, as lad driven them from Madang. tetween 1942 and 1945, the corned Navies constructed a large I busy naval station at Finschen; and the very numerous builds, with seaport and airport llities, that were there in 1945 Id have housed a large adminative centre. It would have had advantage over Moresby, in that s close to the centre of the vast ninistrative area of Papua and v Guinea; whereas Moresby, lough safe on Australian land, l very long way from the eastern 1 western ends of the Trust Terrih k few Education officials occupy acres of buildings which once ised Navy personnel and equipat; but Finschhaven now is little re than a name on the map.

Cocoa-Bean Thieves \ recent months there has been a great deal of petty thieving of cocoa beans, not only from the wing number of native cocoa citations, but also from the native (aenteries.

Main trouble lies in the multiplicity of small Chinese traders.

They will buy any produce—including cocoa beans—in small quantities and no questions asked. ’ pe Atlministration views this development with concern, and now is d“|to g °thmf e ’ W ‘ th v ew ro discouraging thefts.

Native Ex-Servicemen in RSL AN important development in the Returned Soldiers League movement in recent months in Papua and New Guinea is the establishment of a branch called the Native Ex-Servicemen’s Association.

It probably will have many hundreds of members, and its formation has been welcomed both by the RSL executive and by most of the older residents of the Territories.

The natives concerned show a keen interest in the organisation, and a pride in membership.

The Rabaul branch of the native organisation now has 127 members; and they have contributed a good 45 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1057

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The building is nearly ready for the official opening. The Rabaul branch, and the club to house same, are being warmly supported by Rabaul residents generally.

Another Old-Timer Sells to Chinese WHEN our o 1 d friend, Mr. E. P, H i t ch c ock, in 1950, bought Beaver Plantation (on Djaul Island, north of Kavieng) from Mrs.

Harris, he planned to remain tfiere indefinitely. But it has not worked out the way he planned.

First, he had difficulties in regard J itle - Man y documents were lost ln the war, and the present generation of officialdom is not helpful towards “rich” planters anyway. For health reasons, Ernie Hitchcock had to spend part of his time in Australia: and the plantation did not benefit much from remote control, Real trouble developed in maintaining a labour supply, however.

Under post-war native-labour laws, ifc costs £2B/10/- per head to land raw labourers on Kavieng, for transfer to Djaul. After that, about twelve months' training is needed, them into shape, so that This crane, built at northern end of Rabaul harbour during the Japanese occupation, was recently demolished by Mr. Keith Warren for a Rabaul salvage contractor. It has yielded about 100 tons of scrap.

Photo: C. H. Meen. 47 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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their work will pay for their cost.

The new labour laws provide that the employer may not keep them for more than 18 to 24 months after their engagement; and then they must be returned to their villages.

Mr. Hitchcock told me, in Rabaul, that he had just sold the famous old plantation to the Chinese for £35,000; and he would soon be leaving, permanently.

What happened to Mr. Hitchcock is happening all over the Territory.

There does not seem to be much future there for European coconut planters.

Wau Has No Statue for Mr. McAdam THE official announcement that the Forestry land on the banks of the Bulolo River will remain Forestry land, and not be converted to agricultural leases, has been received badly by the residents of Wau.

“We heard the Administrator s promise, at the opening of the Wau Show last December, that this agricultural land would be made available, and this was an important thing for Wau,” said Mr. N. Owers.

“Given the land, there was nothing to prevent Wau changing over from a goldmining centre to a solid little agricultural centre.

“But we calculated without Mr.

McAdam (Director of Forests). Mr.

McAdam expressed opposition.

Someone came from somewhere to say that the land was not suitable for agriculture. And so the Administrator’s promise was cancelled.

“But there still are a score of people ready and willing to take over the land for agriculture, in spite of the experts. We know what that land will do.

“The whole of the land, on be sides of the river, now is Forest: Forestry has absolutely Strang!

Wau.

“These pines will grow anywh« in this region, over hundreds square miles. Yet they hang on 48 SEPTEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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land which could be easily and profitably used to save Wau.

“In Wau’s eyes, the Administrator is under the thumb of the tenacious and stubborn Director of Forests.

Which is not quite fair to Mr.

McAdam, who has done a wonderful job in his own Department, in forest survey and afforestation. But he does, unfortunately, create the impression that, if he were God, his beloved trees would have first priority in all vacant areas.

"A Soldier of the Indian Army"

HOW many people know the history of that quiet, well-caredfor section of the War Cemetery in Lae, where there are no less than 400 headstones, inscribed simply, A Soldier of the Indian Army, 1939- 1945, Is Honoured Here”?

When the Japanese so treacherously attacked all Southeast Asia and South West Pacific countries in 1941-42, they captured thousands of Indian soldiers, then in the service of the British in Hongkong, Singapore, Malaya and Burma. If it is possible, they treated them with greater cruelty than they did the Europeans.

Shiploads of these Indian soldiers were taken south to New Guinea and they were forced to labour as slaves of the Japs, just as the Australians of the Bth Division were forced to labour on the Burma Rail- W When the Japanese were defeated and driven out, the Indians were rescued; but meanwhile a very large proportion of them had succumbed to starvation, cruelty and lack of medical care.

Wherever possible, their bodies were given decent burial, and their graves were honoured in the war cemetery in the manner shown; but it was not possible to separately identify them in the 400 headstones.

No less than 15,000 Australian servicemen are named on headstones In the three great war cemeteries of Port Moresby, Lae and Bitapaka.

Value of Highlands Coffee "TTOW much coffee is being pro- Jl duced now in this Highlands District?” I asked a knowledgeable man, in Goroka.

“Don’t know —but it’s increasing all the time,” he answered. “Colyers (Colyer Watson & Co.) shipped out 60 tons in the past year, and they don’t handle the lot.”

Sixty tons at £6OO per ton represents £360,000. Quite a bit of income for hard-working Goroka!

Russians Inspect Rabaul's Volcanoes RABAUL residents were intrigued by the behaviour of the people on a Russian scientific ship ! which visited that New Guinea centre in July.

The Russians seemed intensely interested in the volcanoes, and they produced an English-speaking professor who interviewed Vulcanologist Taylor. The latter went to much trouble to answer innumerable questions about the behaviour of the forces which keep Rabaul more or less a-quiver. The Russians also, surprisingly, produced three Pidginspeaking experts.

But when Mr. Taylor accepted their invitation to visit their ship, and wanted himself to ask questions about that large floating laboratory, there was no speaker of English available. A courteous scientist, who spoke only Russian, showed the vulcanologist over the ship; but all the information he got was rather sketchily conveyed in the language of signs.

Native Technicians Produced Expensively in Lae Unannounced, i wandered into the Lae Technical Training Centre, where 40 carefullyselected native youths are being maintained for two years, while they are given instruction in various handicrafts by a European staff under the direction of Mr. Ray Oberg, of the Education Department.

The school, started 15 months ago, is housed in an impressive and expensive half-circle of buildings. (Continued on Page 121) 49 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1857

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Photographer Got His Wires Crossed

Two Pictures from N.

Guinea's Eastern Highlands rHIS is an apology, plus explanation.

In New Guinea, late in July, I ravelled with the breadlelivery plane, to Kaiapit, Gusap nd Kainantu, and met interesting eople. I photographed some of hem.

Later, in Rabaul, I wrote some lotes about people and affairs in he Eastern Highlands, while friend !. H. Meen processed my photo films. decided that I should send, for lublication with my notes in August UM, photos of Mrs. Pat Tudor, rader, of Kainantu, (in a group) md of Mrs. Holzknecht, wife of *astor Holzknecht, of Kaiapit (also a a group). They were in adjointig Highlands valleys—they also je re in adjoining positions on the amera film. I had no photo prints -only the negatives.

Yes, you have guessed it! In my lurried instructions, sent South rom Rabaul, I got my wires rossed. In the tiny negatives, Mrs. lolzknecht looked like Mrs. Tudor, nd I thought Mrs. Tudor was Mrs. lolzknecht.

And so, on page 137 of August ssue, you see Pastor and Mrs. lolzknecht, of Kaiapit, and their wo boys, in a group, and you are old that this is Mrs. Pat Tudor, of Cainantu, “with friends”. I was still n New Guinea when the pictures je re made from the little negatives, nd I did not see the result until hey appeared in print. Then I learly had a seizure.

Anyway, here are the two pictures, n correct order, and correctly titled.

On the right, you see Mrs. Pat Tudor, in front of her successful trade store in Kainatu, Eastern Highlands.

On the left is a photograph of Pastor and Mrs. Holzknecht, with their two sons —a snapshot made on the airfield at Kaiapit, Eastern Highlands. Mrs. Holzknecht is the daughter of a well-known German pioneer settler, and was born in Finschhaven.

Apologies to Mrs. Tudor and Pastor and Mrs. Holzknecht.- R. W.

ROBSON. t Fiji was hit by influenza—believed to be the Asian type—in August.

The ports of Suva and Lautoka were first affected after the arrival of overseas ships. The disease then spread rapidly throughout the Colony, and at Vatukoula alone there were 240 cases within a few days. Thousands of people were affected, but the epidemic was mild, and most sufferers recovered in two or three days.

Above—the real Mrs. Tudor, outside her trade store; at left, Mrs. Holzknecht and family. 51 'ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Franc Revaluation Hits N. Caledonia THE recent revaluation of the French franc has caused confusion and considerable resentment in New Caledonia which depends on imports from Australia for about 90 per cent, of its food.

Following interventions of the High Commissioner for France in the Pacific and New Caledonian Parliamentary representatives, the Minister of Colonies has announced that he is conferring with the Minister of Finances in an endeavour to lighten the burden placed on the New Caledonian economy.

If nothing is done it is expected that cost of living will rise by about 30 per cent, in New Caledonia.

Already Messageries Maritime has advised that freight rates between Sydney and Noumea will rise by 20 per cent.

The financial difficulties of France are appreciated; but it is obvious that Paris did not consider the implications of the revaluation in places like New Caledonia. t Two Suva City Councillors, Crs.

W. E. Goodsir, Deputy Mayor, and J. B. Turner, have resigned. Cr.

Goodsir resigned on medical advice, and Cr. Turner, who went to Australia for health reasons, has decided to remain in the Commonwealth. t The discovery last month, in a remote village in Western Papua, of the badge and baton of a London Metropolitan policeman, reminded historians that, some time between 1880 and 1890, several London police uniforms were presented by the London authorities to the new Administration. It was then called “British New Guinea”, to distinguish it from the equally new “German New Guinea”, next door. The uniforms were distributed among native village constables, but were not regarded as a sartorial success. 52 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLi

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CONDOMINIUMITES

Will Have A Voice

Advisory Council For

The New Hebrides

THE Condominium Government of the New Hebrides has issued Joint Regulation No. 5, of 1957 —under which it is provided that ;he two Resident Commissioners [British and French) may appoint uitable citizens of the Condominium ;o be members of an Advisory Council.

New Hebrides residents have dsnanded, over countless years, some nedium through which they might jfficially discuss the state of the lountry, and the conditions of adninistration, with the all-powerful Resident Commissioners. Hitherto, he Condominium (France and Jritain) has merely received the revests, and pondered over them.

Now, at long last, a medium has leen provided through which the esidents may have a voice in adninistration. But it will be purely n “advisory” voice.

In that regard, it is like the Legisitive and Advisory Councils of all tie South Pacific Territories. All re ruled as dictatorships by exsrnally-appointed Governors—none an exercise any authority, against tie will of the Government of the ountry responsible for the adminisration.

The New Hebrides Resident Comlissioners will themselves select litable men from the French, ritish and native communities, 1 for ppointment for one year as memers of the Advisory Council. The C’s may not accept their advice id they may terminate such ipcintments, in special circumances, without notice.

It is not much —but it is some rogress, because the citizens now ill have an official channel for ttnmunication with their government.

Mr. Tipuia, lately senior clerk in ie Resident Agent’s office at Atiu, oqk Islands, has been appointed Jsident Agent at Pukapuka (Danger .), in the Northern Cooks. The )pointment is in line with Admintration policy to appoint Cook landers to these posts whenever itable men are available. Since e policy was adopted several years :o some appointments have not en successful. Mr. J. H. Webb, io had been Acting RA, Pukapuka, -nt to Aitutaki in August to reive Captain Gladney as RA there.

On August 22, four British military anes passed through Tontouta air- »rt, New Caledonia, carrying techcians on their way to Christmas land.

Sir Lala Sukuna Marries Again THE most prominent Fijian of Fiji, Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna, KCMG, KBE, was married on August 23 to Moce Likutabua, a 23years-old school teacher, who is a highly-born native of Lakemba. She will be known as Lady Liku Sukuna.

The marriage ceremony took place at Sir Lala’s Suva residence, Rairaiwaqu, and was performed by Rev.

S. G. C. Cowled, Chairman of the Methodist Mission in Fiji.

The guests at the ceremony, and at the reception afterwards, included a large cross-section of the European and Fijian communities. The formal toast of the health of the bride and bridegroom was proposed by Mr. G. K. Roth, Secretary for Fijian Affairs.

Sir Lala Sukuna was Secretary for Fijian Affairs for several years—he resigned that post some time ago in order to take office as Speaker of the Legislative Council.

Sir Lala Sukuna is in advanced middle age. His first wife, the wellknown and popular Lady Maraia, died last year, and there was no issue of that marriage—to the disappointment of the Fijians of the Lau district, who regard Sir Lala Sukuna as their hereditary leader.

Leading Fijians of Lau strongly approve of Sir Lala’s second marriage.

Lady Liku is a well-educated young woman (Annesley Girls’

School and Ballantine Memorial School) and is expected to fill admirably the position of Fiji’s leading Fijian lady. 53 CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1857

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[?]Hasluck War On

Private Enterprise

Corporations But Not Individuals

By R. W. Robson

we can see recently .Ci indicates that it is the purpose of the present Territories Minister in Australia to drive the small individualist out of New Guinea, and leave all European enterprise to the big corporations,” said a wellknown Rabaul resident to me in August.

“It is practically impossible now for a man to get a bit of land under jonditions which will allow him to istablish a plantation. Then, even f he can get land, he can expect 10 financial help from the Adminstration, in any shape or form.

“Men accustomed to the Territory, md with a knowledge of seaman- ;hip, could get into the coastal rade here, and several established irofitable businesses. Now we have he new regulations governing ship- >ing—they simply mean that the mall shipowners will be driven out.” niNALLY, there comes this new l Liquor Ordinance, which pparently is designed to put the small hotelkeeper out of business.

Mr. Norman Lee, proprietor of the Cosmopolitan Hotel, Rabaul described the effect of the Ordinance.

In the past, hotelkeepers paid £l5O per annum and clubs £lOO, as a flat license fee. The new plan is that they will pay 4 per cent, on their total purchases of liquor. This is going to be enormously more costly The Treasurer (Mr. Reeve), calculated that the Treasury would get £40,000 per annum from the new tax —actually, it will not be less than £90,000 per annum.

This Ordinance seems to have been based on the law in the Canberra Capital Territory, where the licensed victualler pays 5 per cent, on his purchases. But the great difference—which the Administration obviously overlooked—is that a very large proportion of the liquor consumed in Papua and New Guinea is imported by the Big Firms as agents and passed on by them to the hotelkeepers. Under the new system, the Big Firms will pay the 4 per cent, tax, and then will pass on the goods to the hotel or club, plus tax and profit; and then the hotel or club must in its turn pay 4 per cent, on the total sum charged by the importer.

In Canberra, they are under no such burden—they can buy directly from the breweries and importers, who nave not already paid a tax.

On top of it all, the Administration now is putting on a team of inspectors, to travel around among clubs and hotels, and police the Ordinance. (In August, a private deputation from P-NG merchants visited Canberra and registered a strong complaint aaginst the new Liquor Ordinance—but the result of these representations is not yet known). 55 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Islands Fishermen!

That Tuna Could be Worth $300 IN the hope that Islands fishermen will not be doing themselves out of a possible prize of $3OO, we pass on this information from the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission. „ , PIM has previously notified fishermen that yellowfin (ahi, asiasi, etc.) and skipjack (aku, auhopu, etc.) tuna are being tagged with a piece of plastic tubing attached just aft of the rear dorsal (back) fin.

United States Fish and Wildlife vessels have been doing this for several years, in the hope that fishermen catching the released tuna w T ill return the tag with details of where the fish was caught, and thus aid in research on the migratory habits of tuna.

All tags, whether issued by US Fish & Wildlife Service or Inter- American Tropical Tuna Commission, are worth a dollar to the finder. However, the latter organisation will also conduct an annual draw of all tags returned, and the finder of the drawn tag will also receive a prize of $3OO.

As comparatively few tags will be found, there is an excellent chance of striking the $3OO jackpot if you catch a tagged tuna.

These tuna are being tagged all the way from California to the Peruvian coast, so it is possible that those tagged south of the Line are likely to be hooked in Polynesian waters.

The Tuna Commission tags are simply marked, “Return Tuna Comm. San Diego,” and have a number. It is essential that the number be undamaged.

Tuna Commission, San Diego* California, USA, will be sufficient address. So bait those hooks! t A modern seismograph, worth £2,000, has been loaned to Fiji by the Columbia University, New York: 56

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NZ Territories Minister Will Retire THE Hon. T. L. Macdonald, New Zealand’s Minister of Island Territories, announced in August that he would not be again standing for Parliament at the forthcoming November general elections.

While absent from New Zealand overseas recently, Mr. Macdonald’s portfolio was handled by the Minister of Education, Mr. Algie.

Mr. J. B. Wright, Secretary of Islands Territories, is also retiring shortly and it is expected that he will be succeeded by the Assistant Secretary, Mr. J. M. McEwen, LLB, formerly Resident Commissioner, Niue. Mr. McEwen is at present on a familiarisation visit to the Cook Islands.

[?]Eriama Estates

From Kenaf

To Peanuts

PEANUTS and not kenaf will be grown on the 20,000 acres granted to Erlama Estate at Oro Bay, NE Papua, several years ago, for the large-scale cultivation of the fibre crop.

Thus dies the kenaf project vhich was one of those industries iesigned to make Australia ndependent of overseas imports.

Eriama Estates began experinenting with kenaf about four rears ago when imports of jute for vheat bags and wool packs were incertain and the price exorbitant.

Due largely to the efforts of Mr.

I. A. Colyer, who became interested n the crop in America and obtained leeds there, experimental plantings Fere made about 14 miles out of ?ort Moresby and for several leasons it was grown successfully in an experimental basis. It was woved conclusively that bags and Fool packs made from kenaf were is good as those made from jute.

The grant of land at Oro Bay Fas then obtained and it was ilanned to grow the crop on a arge-scale basis. However, the nen who had carried the experinent to that stage felt that they lad then done all that could easonably be expected of them, ind that if Australia were nterested in getting an alternative o jute for the containers for her ital primary industries, then the Australian Government should give he infant kenaf industry some ictive encouragement.

The encouragement in any angible manner was entirely acking, and the kenaf industry oined the many others in Papua- Yew Guinea which have folded up lecause politicians cannot see urther than what is immediately expedient.

It is understood that the Company s holding at the 14-mile, Fort Moresby will be used to raise beef cattle; and that a start will be made on the peanut venture at Oro Bay when 400 acres are planted to this crop about October Drums of War...

In spite of the huge salvage recovery in New Guinea since 1946, there still is much ex-war scrap lying about in the less accessible places. Near the Gusap airfield, in the Eastern Highiands, the shape of a large wartime airfield, surrounded by dispersal bays, still can be seenand close b y are great Pi les o f empty 44-gal. petrol drums. This collection numbers about 2,500, and is right alongside the commercial airfield. 57 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

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NOUMEA VISIT NZ School Girls Rush Exchange Plan r[E New Zealand Education Department was thrown inta confusion in August following an announcement that plans were in hand for a holiday exchange of] school children between New Caledonia and New Zealand during the coming summer holidays.

A similar exchange plan has operated for years between Australian and New Caledonia schools.

There were 30 vacancies on the aircraft but it was thought unlikely that a full load would be obtained in New Zealand as each child had to find £5O fare-money. Within a few days, however, some 17C secondary students had made application for the trip and a further 100 had advised that they expected to be able to “raise the wind” from their parents in time; Only 30 of the applications were from boys.

It is understood, however, that no provision in excess of 30 tourists each way is possible.

It is intended that the exchange plan will become an annual eventl not only to promote friendly relations between the two countries but to give students an opportunit: to develop the neighbouring language as part of their schooc studies. Pupils will live in thu homes of the respective pupils frorr the other country. • The fact that 140 girls want U make the trig and only 30 hoys ft interesting and significant as * post-war trend.

The number of young womex who leave Australasia each yeas, for working holidays in the UK faz outnumber the young men. Eithei the enterprise and spirit o adventure is passing to the keepim of the female of the species; a modern economics tend to restrio the activities of young men in tit same age group.

While the girls are off typim their way around the world, It painfully crawls onto the bottov rung of a vrofessional ladder. El the time that his girl is back fro:(. some years abroad, he can marrv her —and then for the next 20 yea,i can look forward to devoting hs energies to paying the instalment on the family washing-machine, T\ set, car and surburban villa.

Oddly enough, the modern your man seems to accept this lit pattern; but round about 1980 vs may expect to see the moc advanced of them produce som>s thing in the nature of a mao suffragette movement. 58

September, 19 5 7 -Pacific Islands Monthly

GROVE tv H •&IDT . I W. H. GROVE & SONS LTD.

Established 1896.

P.O. BOX 490, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND.

ISLAND MERCHANTS REPRESENTING MANUFACTURERS

Throughout The

Pacific Islands

In Fiji as: W. H. GROVE & SONS (FIJI) LTD.

Office and Sample Room Bank of New South Wales Chambers. Suva, Fiji.

This Month's News of—

Pacific Shipping And Cruising Yachts

Maritime Safety Enforced

In Micronesia

With maritime safety measures in some areas of the South Pacific the subject of criticism from various quarters in recent months, what goes on in the North Pacific is of interest.

PIM instituted inquiries as to the situation governing small-shin operations in the American Trust Territory of Micronesia in the North Pacific, and received a full and interesting reply from Trust Territory Administration’s Contracts and Programmes Officer, John M. Spivey.

Currently, sea communications between the 2,141 islands of this Territory are maintained by 9,137 gross tons of shipping. Of these, the Government owns two 3,805-ton vessels, two of 558 tons each, one of 270 tons, and one 141-ton schooner.

Under private ownership, partly Cooperatives, are a vessel of 250 tons, one of 175 tons, and some thirty-five 40-50 ft former US Navy Liberty craft, which have been converted to commercial usage, with sail and/or power, each capable of carrying 10-15 tons of cargo.

Every vessel operating within the Territory is registered with the Government, classified into one of four groups according to overall length, and according to whether or not a passenger licence is sought.

On proof of ownership and satisfactory survey the vessel is allocated a number, which must be painted in large letters on hull and deck for easy air identification. An annual haul-out and survey are enforced and a certificate of inspection issued. Minimum safety equipment is called for and set out in the regulations, and includes at least one life-buoy aboard any vessel, at least one life-jacket for each person aboard, and rafts capable of carrying all aboard.

Every piece of floatable equipment, including hatch-planks, must carry the vessel’s registered number for easy identification in the event of disaster. Life-rafts must be bright orange.

Every deck opening must be capable of being made properly water-tight. Every vessel must carry 12 red distress flares, and a 5-gallon approved container of fresh water must be stowed in each raft Approved fire extinguishers must be carried according to the vessel’s grading.

No petrol-engined vessel will be licensed for the passenger trade, and passenger licences are issued according to the scale of one passenger per seven square feet of unobstructed deck space as a maximum allowance. Depending on the type of vessel, the passenger licence may allow fewer than the above maximum. Navigation lights are called for according to international requirements.

Local ship-masters are not certificated in the ordinary sense, but they do have to face a thorough investigation of their experience and abilities and an oral examination, whereupon they are issued with a licence to operate that particular class of vessel for five years.

They are then liable for re-examination by the marine authorities, to see that their capabilities are not impaired.

Although the area is not under US Coast Guard jurisdiction their safety regulations are applied as far as reasonably possible.

None of the regulations is un- 59 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

* Os O O * > when you’re protected by WARDEN buck Whatever the weather, wherever your mooring, covers made from Genuine Warden-proof Duck give you best weather protection.

The war-time development of Genuine Warden paid particular attention to salt water protection. That’s why you’ll find tarpaulins, hatch covers, spray hoods and boat covers made from Genuine Warden give many years longer life.

Genuine Warden-proof Duck is available from your usual canvas supplier who will advise the cover best suited to your Job. Be sure specify Genuine Warden-proof Duck . . .

WARDUN Manufactured by . . . it’s branded °n the selvedge.

BRADFORD COTTON MILLS LTD. 414 Collins Street, Melbourne, Victoria.

Parramatta Road, Camperdown, N.S.W. 36408 60

September. ,9 5 7 -Pacific Islands Montbl

ANNOUNCEMENT ...

In response to demand from some parts of the Islands we are happy to announce that we can now quote for welded Steel Vessels for Islands use.

Plans have been prepared for a 60 ft.

Steel version of the famous "K" class Copra Vessel with choice of engines.

Production of copper-fastened Wooden Vessels is not affected.

Please remember—for all Island Boats, Wooden or Steel: BJARNE HALVORSEN LTD.

JOHN ST., BERRY'S BAY, NORTH SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cables; BERRYSBOAT reasonable or could not easily be applied in any South Pacific area, except that one calling for annual haul-out for hull survey, as there are areas where no slipways are available as yet. In Micronesia there are six survey areas, so no vessel has to travel too far for survey.

Local regulations covering the carriage of radio-telephone sets have recently been revised, and every vessel over 39 ft 11 ins. 1.0. a. must conform.

Instead of the international distress frequency of 2,182 kc/s being jmployed, continuous watch is maintained by Kuror, Truk, Yap, and Ponape on 2,724 kc/S, and Majuro also guards this frequency from 1800 through to 1300 GMT. fhere is also a continuous watch n the area on the big-ship morse frequency of 500 kc/s and on the lir/sea calling and distress frequency )f 8,364 kc/s. As there are few ressels of under 40 ft making deepwater passages, virtually every vessel s so equipped.

However, as in the South Pacific, he regulations do not call for the carriage of an approved type of 001-proof distress transmitter inlependent of battery power, failure if which so often silences the smaUhip’s R/T voice in time of trouble.

There is ample evidence to show hat the distress-type of transmitter hould have priority in South Pacific larine regulations. Still, it is also vident that small-ship safety is well c the fore in Micronesia and that i areas where no regulations exist, tie regulations applying in Micropsia might form a useful model.

Safeguard For Shipping

‘T is reported in the Fiji official ; newsletter that the colony i expects to introduce a Colonyide 24-hour listening watch for lipping in Fijian waters next Bar. The Standing Committee on mance has agreed in principle lat provision for this should be lade in the 1958 Government rtimates.

The existing 24-hour listening watch is on only one radio channel.

Under the new proposals, there would be a 24-hour watch covering all radio channels in the islands.

There would also be a staff of The CSR Co. 's fine new vessel "Rona", sailing under Sydney's famous bridge, early August, at the end of her maiden voyage from Aberdeen. Soon after she arrived she met trouble from Australia's maritime unions who objected to the use of a non-Australian crew for the delivery voyage (see elsewhere this issue). The crew comprised four Australians returning home, and 27 British migrants, who were awaiting assisted passages. The new vessel is of 6,000 tons dead weight and replaces an old ship of the same name now trading in the East At extreme left of this photograph can be seen Unilevers new building at the foot of Macquarie St.: and slightly to the right, the equally new and imposing building of ICI 61 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Blaxland - Chapman

Marine Engines • Wonder Launches • Pumping Units

• Engineering Products

Engineered for heavy sustained operation with minimum upkeep, “8.R.” products are Ideal for Island service.

For Marine Engines, open or V 2 cabin launches, pumping units, engineering products, contact the Sole Pacific Distributors: KERR BROTHERS PTY.

LIMITED Cables: “Carefulness,” Sydney. 4 O’CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY.

Box 3838, G.P.O.

Tropic Ivoubics

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There are no unpleasant after-effects. Take ‘ASPRO’ wherever you go and be ready. You can tear off several tablets from the sani-tape strip and carry them hygienically in pocket or handbag.

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The purity of 'ASPRO' conforms to the standards laid down by the British Pharmacopoeia a guiding authority of the Medical Profession rheumatism COLDS and FLU N.C.6 HuJuA&i vwducl four operators to overcome the present shortage of staff. Payment of staff would total £1,140 a year, including provision for overtime.

Cost of equipment, including replacement of seven-year-old sets, would be £4,350.

Surprise In Auckland

A surprise arrival in Auckland on August 14 was the Pago Pago vessel Manu’a Tele, owned by the Chiefs and people of American Samoa’s Manua Islands, and under the command, for this voyage, of Captain Borge Bentzen, of Western Samoa.

With no slipway at Pago Pago capable of handling her, and with all slipways at Suva, where she normally refits, fully booked until October, the one-time US Navy minesweeper YMS-143 was forced to head south. She is probably the first Pago Pago-registered vessel ever to refit in Auckland.

Manu’a Tele was acquired from Hawaii by the Manu’a people early 1948 Later her owners found themselves in financial difficulties and she was taken over by the American Samoa Government. Recently she was handed back, but her navigation certificate expired in July. Permission was given for her to proceed to Auckland for refit.

She is now normally commanded by Captain Pou Seleti, who came south as Mate.

Captain Bentzen, who retired from the Union Steamship Co.’s service some years ago—he was last in the trans-Pacific freighter Waikawa —to settle on Kasala Plantation at Fasito’o, Upolu, was prevailed upon to break out his uniform from its moth-ball packings and take a winter holiday. Auckland’s 64 deg., temperature compared unfavourably l with Samoa’s 85 deg., he said oni arrival. Good weather was experienced for the 7-day run south.

Materials have been assembled for construction of a slipway at Pager Pago, probably to be sited across the 62

September. 1957-Pacific Islands Month Lj

COSTS 40% LESS

Claemarine Diesel

Model FD 36 * Horsepower for horsepower, you can’t buy a better marine engine than the dependable, smooth-performing Claemarine Diesel model PD36. The FD36 is engineered to a high standard of design, with in-built quality that guarantees LOW upkeep costs and years of trouble-free service. Compactly designed FD36 installs easily into the smallest spaces and costs 40 per cent, less per continuous horsepower than any other marine diesel of comparable power.

Before you power or re-power your boat, check these features— • Direct 2:1 or 3:1 Reduction Drive. • Fitted with the famous “Bulldog”

Reverse Gear. • 12-volt Starter and Generator. • Full 52 h.p. at 2,250 r.p.m. • Engineered for Easier, Quicker Maintenance. • Factory Engineered Parts Available Everywhere. • Fresh or Salt Water Cooled.

CLAE ENGINE PTY. LTD. 31 Hoskins Avenue, Bankstown, N.S.W.

Fiji Distributors: Burns Philp South Sea Co. Ltd., Suva, Levuka, Lautoka. Fiji Islands.

New Caledonian Distributors: Auguste and Paul Mercier, 3 Rue de la Somme, Noumea. larbour from the wharves and in :he vicinity of the tuna cannery, but t is not known when construction vill commence.

Manu’a Tele, which normally prorides sea communications between and the Tokelau Islands on a iharter basis, in addition to her ’ago Pago-Manu’a and Pago Pagoruns, was expected to be in Auckland for some weeks, depending m the work found necessary.

Tongan Merchant Marine

The day following the arrival of lanu’a Tele in Auckland, the Tonga topra Board’s Su v a-built ketch ’oniu moved under an Auckland harf crane to receive a completely igged new 72-ft Oregon mast in the nal stages of her annual refit. The jplaced foremast was found on exmination to be so deeply rotted in sveral places that it was surprising lat it had not gone overside; this -spite the fact that the vessel has ndergone regular survey in Aucknd each year recently.

Captain David Fifita, only holder a Tongan deep-water master’s sket, said it is not known what ie fate of the ketch will be when e modern, new steel, Dutch-built 0-tonner A’oniu arrives early 1958.

South with him for training in ickland were four men who will 'icer the new A’oniu or Hifofua. r Amanoni, chief engineer of e present A’oniu, and David lumoepeau, chief of the present fofua, were making voyages in the ickland coaster Sumatra, which s engines similar to the new Tonga ssels. They will go to the reactive new vessels.

Villiam Ha’angana, full-time radio erator in the present A’oniu, was :mg a course in radar, radio direcn finding, and echo sounders, at J government school of navigan in Auckland in preparation for i new vessel.

J olonga Taualupe, mate of the isent A’oniu, was undergoing Ida! training as a rigger with an ckland firm. Their training was ng overseen and supervised by E tai L. Finta and Captain Scott, Speddmgs Ltd., Agents for Tonga New Zealand.

'he ketch was to clear Auckland late August for Suva, where Mate Taualupe was to take command of new 30-ft, 30 dwt bow-loading steel barge Kao, which had arrived there from London on the deck of a freighter. Captain Fifita’s brother Peter, was to serve as Mate in A omu. Kao’s engineer for the run down to Nukualofa was to be David Taumoepeau.

The barge is powered with two direct reversing 88 bhp fresh-watercooled Kelvins. She has twin rudders and hand steering. There are no auxiliary motors.

On trials she made 84 knots, and in a static bollard test-pull she pulled 32-cwt at normal engine revolutions. She has a loaded draft of 3 ft 6 in. and will be used for general government duties, including barge-towage, within the Tonga Group. (Over) "Manu'a Tele”, owned by the people of the Manu'a Islands, E. Samoa.

Photo: J. P. Shortall. 63

C If I C Islands Monthly September, 1957

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OLE AGENTS FOR PAPUA-NEW GUINEA & SOUTH WEST PACIFIC ISLAN Herbert St., St. Leonards, N.S.W.

Telephone: JF 1215 felegrams: “FERREOUS”, Sydney

September, I Acif.C Islands Month*

Serving All Parts Of Fiji

Carrying Passengers and Cargo S.S. "AS SOKULA"

Mofos- Vessels: "KOMAIWAI," "TOVATA" (t/s) All equipped with Radio telephone. Operating to time-tables published in the Press and announced from VRH Broadcasting Station.

ISLAND TRANSPORT LIMITED.

Managing Agents: W. R. CARPENTER & CO. (Fiji) LTD.

SUVA, FIJI.

Telephone: 3801—6 lines. P.O. Box 299.

Man With The Know-How

Back in March, 1954, the Tonga Department of Agriculture and Fisheries purchased the Auckland fishing vessel Pearlin, renamed her Alaimoana, and put her to work on experimental fishing in the area in an investigation of methods and prospects for the possible establishment of a commercial fishery.

Well, it seems that results have not been as good as some people feel are possible. In this sort of situation it is generally conceded ;hat the thing to do is to send for i Japanese expert. One arrived in Nukualofa in July to take command >f Alaimoana, and will doubtless juickly prove that the tuna were here all the time. Anyway, Tongan ingers are firmly crossed.

Whaling Is Big Fun, If Not

Big Business

There has been a great spurt to fongan whaling activities these past wo seasons. For years the Cook amily had it on their own at their fukualofa-based whaling “station” the town beach). Last year, howver, five similar outfits started up n business, another at Tongatabu, ne south at Eua, two in the central la’api Group, and one is the north it Vava’u.

This season yet another went into justness at Vava’u.

Going into the whaling business i Tonga has simply meant acquirig a surf boat, hand-harpoon and :ne, and some knives.

The Unilever combine has not rofited and the International Whalig Commission has not been othered with statistics. In Tonga hey eat their whales—or as much f them as is possible before the limate takes charge, after which ley eat sharks which come to deour the remains, which are towed ar out in the lagoon from the town each. At the town beach the cuts re sold on the spot, with no shortge of customers.

This season, for a change, some I the Tongan blubber-oil may reach orld markets, and in future seasons iere may be more.

Prince Tungi is encouraging whaling as an export trade —but there are still no new-fangled and expensive whale-chasers and milliondollar shore stations. The old tripot will do, and if a surf boat cannot be bought, a canoe will serve—like the one in use by the man in business down on Eua.

Last year he took three whales.

Adm i 11 edly he found a few sticks of dynamite lashed to the harpoon a useful - pacifier, and shore boats came to his aid once he was well fast to his quarry. The world’s newsreel cameramen have not yet heard about Tongan whaling— out when they do there will be something to see on the screen.

Getting Around

Captain D. K. Matheson, known in Island craft, returned to Auckland in July after an interesting few months in Eastern waters.

Early in the year he delivered the New Zealand coaster Pukeko, renamed Winery, to Yong & Lee Timber & Shipping Co., of Hongkong, then remained to master the vessel for a while in her new trade—mainly scrap metal from Borneo to Hong- Captain Borge Bentzen and Chief Engineer Busby Koko who brought "Manu'a Tele" to Auckland for refit in August.

Photo: J. P. Shortall.

Captain David Fifita and ketch "A"oniu", and right, trainees for the new Tongan vessels: Engineers Amanoni and Taumoepeau, Radioman Ha'angana, and Mate Taualupe.

Photo: J. P. Shortall. 65 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Captain W. L. Kennedy

(Established 1931)

Shipbrokers, Business & Real Estate

63 Pitt Street, Sydney Phone: BU 3797. Cables; “CAPKEN,” Sydney.

LISTING: DIESEL CARGO VESSEL, Steel, about 700 tons dwt., machinery aft, 6 winches, derricks, 2 large hatches, working and just completed 4-year Special Lloyd’s Survey. Owners will deliver Sydney for £50,000 Sterling, or will deliver elsewhere.

DIESEL CARGO VESSEL, steel, twin screw, 2 hatches/holds, working and recently completed 4 year Survey. Owners will deliver Sydney for £22,000 Aust. consider offer, or will deliver elsewhere. 85 FT. MODERN DIESEL CARGO KETCH, carry about 100 tons, wood, copper sheathed. Spacious accommodation aft, large hatch, good gear, well powered, in Survey. £20,000. Consider offer. 48 FT. WORKBOAT, SLW Gardner diesel aft. £6,000.

NEW, well built 30 ft. x 10 ft. Work Launch, large cockpit, 40 h.p. diesel, near new, £3,000.

FAST LAUNCH, 112 ft. x 22 ft., copper sheathed, spacious accommodation, twin diesel, sound, £11,500.

COACH-HOUSE LAUNCH, 25 ft. x 9 ft., 4-cyl. Palmer Marine, good sails, £l,lOO. 18 FT. WORK LAUNCH CARVEL, copper sheathed, 5 h.p. Simplex, £5OO.

We shall be pleased to obtain independent Surveys of any craft we offer and subsequently arrange delivery either on ship’s deck or sea as desired.

Anytime-for so <feffcftws SSeon Sr z%; ♦ w *#£Roy cometm ■ Mi ■~V* * B V/ \VL Made 2Z 2 ga. w by Tatham So/e Agents Melbourne Australia Collins Street kong, but with sorties to Singapore and Japan as well.

Next job? Perhaps another Eastern delivery; of perhaps to relieve his brother. Captain R. D. Matheson, in the Suva-based Kurimarau while the latter comes south on vacation.

Kurimarau, Sydney-owned and Hongkong-registered, freights pe.roleum products to Samoa and the Gilberts.

Another Raft Book

Most Islands ship-masters are probably familiar with the castaways manual, The Raft Book, written by Harold Gatty, who died in Suva in August. Published in New York in 1943, it became in war-time —and perhaps still is—a standard issue in the life-saving equipment of American aircraft and some ships. It was issued in a water-tight envelops complete with navigational chart, and was intended primarily for persons with limited navigational knowledge.

New from Maritime Press Ltd., London, comes Survival At Sea: Inflatable Life Rafts, by Commander N. F. Keene, DSC. RNR, selling at 2/6.

While not covering the ground as extensively as The Raft Book, this British publication is considered sufficiently valuable to also appear in a waterproofed edition, and a copy is being enclosed in the packing of every rubber raft issued by at least one of the two main UK life-raft rtianufacturers.

This publication, incidentally, warns seamen of the British scientific finding that, Dr. Bombard notwithstanding, the drinking of; salt water under whatever circumstances is extremely ill-advised.

New Hebrides Round-Up

Hard and fast on Million Dollar Point, at the eastern entrance tex 66

September, 1957 Pacific Islands M O N T H L T

fop Performance in America s No. I Marine Engine CHRYSLER Choose from these models ACE— 9S h.p * CROWN— IIS h.p* and the entirely new ROYAL VB— lso h.p* and other models to 250 h.p. * Available from stock.

All engines have hydraulic control (optional) and provision for power take-off. n * H L SPARES: Complete range of Spares for all Chrysler Marine and Industrial Engines.

Choose Chrysler For Dependability And Performance

LARS HALVORSEN SONS PTY. LTD.

BUILDING YARD: Waterview Street, Ryde, N.S.W. Phone WY 0251 BOAT HIRING AND SERVICE: Bobbin Head. JJ 2489. (Telegrams: ‘'Halvorsens," Sydney)

Builders Of Halvorsen Boats

LH. 22.62 he Segond Channel, south coast of ianto, since May, 1953, the 249-ton, 5-year-old freighter El Retiro (exfZ coaster Kapiti ) may (repeat, lay) float again.

This little ship took her present ame when purchased by Captain Imile Savoie, of Noumea, at Auckind, late 1950. She was sold to Mr. tonald Gubbay, of Luganville, anto, in 1953, and put to work off lillion Dollar Pt. salvaging dumped Jnerican war equipment but uickly found herself on the beach, long with the war scrap.

Subsequently she was offered for lie “as is, where is”, but found no ikers.

Mr. Gubbay, still busy salvaging jap, now hopes to float El Retiro a and get her to Japan’s scrap letal market, though perhaps not a her own bottom.

Also likely to depart Island waters 1 Mr. Roy Gubbay’s 465-ton, 29- 2ar-old freighter Tutuba, better down in Lloyd’s disaster columns 5 Holmglen, ex Argus.

With her may go—in tow—another py duckling, Mr. Marcel Marinacce’s cl-ton Melbourne-built Deutgan, of unknown vintage, which failed to raise a bid in Sydney this year, subsequent to survey following stranding in the New Hebrides last year.

It is believed that both vessels have found a Singapore purchaser. A photo of this duo on their final South Pacific cruise should form a touching contribution to the SPC historical archives. Both have provided lots of thrills in the Sunday press.

Yet another interesting craft to depart the New Hebrides—for the Solomon s—is the English-built Brixham trawler Arthur Rogers, best remembered for her all-girlcrew cruises. Tom and Diana Hepworth headed her north for new horizons in July, whether to return or not is not known.

Lying doggo, and reported burdened with writs, is another Vila headliner, the war-time Australianbuilt deck barge Pacific Star (ex ALC-120 ) which first caused a stir when, en route from Rabaul to Vila via ports, she went missing, though still with radio contact.

She turned up on the New Caledonian coast. Then two months later, in April, 1956, she stranded at South River, Erromanga, but got clear.

Though Pacific Star is not starring in the present New Hebrides shipping boom, others are making money. (Continued on Page 101) Owner Bill Mangan and sailing companion [?]ck Mohun Auckland-bound with (lower) Taki-o-Aotahi" (see p. 113).

Photo: H. R. Hart. 67 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1857

(( Geography is the key "The key to what?”

"Why, the key to aluminium production.”

"A likely story!”

“And a very interesting one. Do you know that to produce aluminium at a competitive price the Aluminum Company of Canada Ltd. has had to build special hydroelectric plants in remote parts of Canada?”

"Why Canada?”

“Because that is the place where high mountain ranges and a consistent rainfall combine to produce a vast power potential,, which in British Columbia alone is estimated at 11 million horse power.”

"What does that mean to Australia?”

“The Aluminum Company of Canada Ltd. is only part of a world-wide organisation called the Aluminium Limited organisation who make it their business to supply the world and, of course, Australia with lowpriced aluminium.”

"Do I spy more information about this organisation in the paragraph below?”

“Indeed you do read it, you will find it very interesting.” <3?

O Aluminium production is . a question of geography. Thai is why one of the centres of the world’s primary aluminium production is situated in Canada. Aluminium can be produced at an economical price in Canada because the potential hydro-electric power resources are virtually unlimited. The Aluminium Limited Group of Companies is one of the major world suppliers of aluminium., Their far-sighted expansion programme has been a vital factor in overcoming the shortage of this important metal.- The smelting plants of the Aluminum Company of Canada Ltd., principal fully owned subsidiary of Aluminium Limited, are sited near vast hydro-electric generators.

To the huge plants at Arvida and in the Saguenay area and at Kitimat, ocean freighters bring cargoes of bauxite and other raw materials needed for aluminium production.

From these centres the world is supplied with ingots of purity as high as 99.99%. The Aluminium Limited Group has gone a long way towards making the Aluminium Age a possibility. The organisation, comprising over 50 fully owned or affiliated companies in 28 countries, is mainly engaged in the production and fabrication of aluminium. The research and marketing enterprise and resources of these companies are at the service of the world’s users of aluminium. Aluminium Union Limited is the international selling company of the Aluminium Limited organisation.

OCEAN

(Incorporated In Canada)

HOUSE 34 MARTIN PLACE SYDNEY N.S.W. & CO.

Tonga: MORRIS HEDSTROM New Zealand: RICHARDSON, McCABE Wellington, Auckland, Christchurch.

Fiji, Western Samoa and LIMITED, Suva, Fiji.

Cook Islands: A. B. DONALD LTD., Rarotonga, Cook islands.

ONDON Sales Agents: LTD., French Oceania Papeete, Tahiti ETABLISSEMENTS DONALD TAHITI, New Caledonia and New Hebrides: ETABLISSEMENTS BALLANDE, Noumea, New Caledonia.

Territory of Papua New Guinea: BURNS PHILP (NEW GUINEA) LIMITED, Port Moresby.

Montreal Calcutta Sydney Brussels

SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL.

THE YORKSHIRE INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated in England!

All Classes Of

INSURANCE Including Fire Accident Guarantee Motor Workers Marine Island Representatives: PORT MORESBY . . E. A. James RABAUL . Pearce & Co. (N.G.) Ltd.

LAE . New Guinea Industries Ltd.

MADANG R. Macgregor MANUS . . Edgell & Whiteley Ltd.

HONIARA, 8.5.1. P. . E. V. Lawson SUVA . . Williams & Gosling Ltd.

NOUMEA Y. Mortensen NORFOLK ISLAND . A. E. Martin APIA E. A. Coxon & Co.

Vi ur*u?rr. 1 Ultimo, Sydney, N.S.W., 'Phone: BA 4027 Cables: “Whiterose”, Sydney.

A Model Town Within a Dictatorship

Community Life Is Pleasant Where

Timber Is Displacing Gold

From R. W. Robson, in New Guinea THE efficiency and orderliness with which the considerable town of Bulolo (Morobe area of New Guinea) is controlled may provide one reason for the stubbornness with which Dictator Hasluck opposes enterprise by individual Europeans in the Territory, and encourages the big corporations.

Bulolo town, as everyone knows, svas established some 30 years ago as quarters, with full amenities, for the European and native staffs operating the eight big dredges and the private air service of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd.

Then the gold petered out, and BGD Ltd. since World War II has turned its vast resources over to iimber-production based on the sur- •ounding forests of Hoop and Dinkii pine.

But in order to get the licences, BGD had to enter into a 50-50 jartnership with the Australian jovernment.

For timber production, huge equipment was installed. Under one roof, upon concrete floors which cover acres, machines seize the pine logs as they come out of the natural forests; strip them of bark; cut them into suitable lengths; peel them into veneer strips (which are streamdried and rolled up like blankets); trim and arrange the veneer strips into plywood; glue the plywoods together; weigh and polish and grade the plywoods; grade them for sale —BO or 90 per cent, of these operations are automatic, and a triumph of machine-making skill.

Now, there is only one dredge (No 5) working on the flats at Bulolo— the others are all cut out. BGD is sluicing in two places. But both European and native staffs are bigger than ever (there are 180 Europeans and 250 natives in the plywood factory alone) —and the Administration, which maintains a sub-district office at Wau, seems content to leave the care of the whole community— physical, mental and moral—to the Company.

THE Europeans live in a wellroaded, well-watered, well-lit town. Attractive bungalows, set in spacious gardens and lawns, are 69 * A C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Vi PIMMS N°l CUP Wod J4eauenLj on £*artli! jbrinh AVAILABLE AT CLUBS, HOTELS AND STORES THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC ISLANDS

Steamships Trading Company Ltd

Port Moresby And Samarai Papua

Wholesale Cr Retail Merchants, Shipowners, Planters, Sawmillers, Engineers, Slip Proprietors, Shipping, Customs and Insurance Agents.

MANAGING AGENTS for: SAWMILLERS & TRADERS LTD.

COCOALANDS LTD.

ACME BAKERY COMPANY.

MARIBOI RUBBER LTD.

RUBBERLANDS LTD.

Kerema Rubber Plantations

LTD.

AGENCIES:

New Guinea Australia Line Of The China

NAVIGATION CO. LTD.

ROYAL INTEROCEAN LINE.

KOKE BAGU PTY., LTD.

LOLORUA RUBBER ESTATES LTD.

HARVEY TRINDER (N.S.W.) PTY., LTD. (Inr surances effected at Lloyd’s.) DISTRIBUTORS IN PAPUA for: ARMSTRONG-HOLLAND PTY., LTD. INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. OF AUST. LTD Earth Moving and Logging Equipment. International Trucks, WILLYS-OVERLAND EXPORT CORPORATION. McCormick-Deering Farming Machinery, Jeep cars, etc. Defender Refrigerators.

HILLMAN MOTOR CARS.

Sydney Agents : NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., Plantation House, 197 Clarence Street (near King Street) provided at nominal rentals. There is abundant light and power from the big Baiune hydro-electric station.

There are schools for 100 primary and 40 kindergarten children; bowling (175 members, 80 associates), tennis and golf clubs for the men; clubs and plenty of native servants for the women.

There is an equally model town for the natives, and ground in which they grow almost every kind of fruit and vegetable, in a dry, equable climate. I saw coconuts, sugar-cane, oranges, maize, fowls, ducks, pigs—all flourishing.

From the point of view of comfort and orderliness, it is New Guinea’s model community—and the Administration has nothing whatever to do with it, except exercise a nominal supervision.

Except for a small Burns Philp store, there are no traders or tradesmen —everything is provided, at a fraction over cost, by the Company.

There are an Anglican and a Roman Catholic Church.

This Company now has established the Territory’s best hotel. It is on a ridge alongside Bulolo town, and consists of a score of “dongas” (private bungalows very comfortably equipped) and a central building which houses lounges, dining-room and bar. This is certain to attract a high-class tourist traffic.

There is a cinema three times a week.

This BGD service or CNGT Ltd., (as it is now) is something right out of this world. A man who enters it, and gives to it his working life is (a) economically secure; (b) housed and serviced in a good climate on a very high standard; (c) given opportunities to live pleasantly under conditions where he cannot squander his earnings; (d) given generous annual leave; (e) guaranteed a pension on retirement; (f) is clear of the horrors of income tax. The BGD service has everything except freedom and opportunities for individual enterprise. It is a first-class example of the benevolent, authoritarian state which, in this tortured world, appeals so much to the Hasluck mind. 70

September, 1957 Pacific Islands Monthly!

& Hi t the greatest aid to better Copra Practical experience has proved that, where “CHULA” Copra Dryers are used, better quality Copra is produced when dried by this scientific process. No discolouration, free from mould, thoroughly and evenly dried throughout, Copra can be produced the whole year round —irrespective of the weather.

By the way, are you growing RUBBER? If so, let us supply you with the latest Huttenbach Rubber Machinery. Further information gladly supplied on request. \gs

*Ottihe»Ch

•4c* m Agents: PAPUA: The B.N.G. Trading Co. Ltd., Port Moresby. ' v ' NEW GUINEA : Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd., Rabaul, Lae, Madang and Kavieng.

FIJI, SAMOA, TONGA: Morris Hedstrom Ltd., Suva, Fiji.

SOLOMON ISLANDS* K. H. Dalrymple Hay Esq., Honiar Pulping is Possible AS the new combination of BGD and Commonwealth Governm e n t (Commonwealth New Guinea Timbers Ltd.) removes the pine trees from the surrounding langes in ever-increasing numbers, the P-NG Forestry Department follows on behind with planned reafforestation. This probably is New Guinea’s outstanding example of smooth governmental-private enterprise co-operation.

The hillsides are completely cleared of jungle growth. The pine logs go to the mill, the balance is burned.

But the possibility of using most of this substantial second-class growth for pulping is under investigation, with every possibility that something substantial may here be contributed to a new papermaking industry.

The Forestry men take over the bare hillsides; and, from the large nurseries they maintain hereabouts, the areas are planted on a systematic pattern, so as to ensure rapid, controlled and protected future growth of the forests, instead of the former uncontrolled and wasteful jungle growth.

The Klinkli Mystery SOMETHING very interesting has been discovered here. It would appear that, for reasons upon which the scientific botanists are not yet agreed, the Klinkii Pine practically ceased to nropagate itself a long time ago. The existing forests consist mostly of well-m a t u r e d trees —there are very few youngsters.

After much experiment, the Forestry people have got the Hoop Pine nurseries going nicely, and the young Hoop Pine plantations cover the hillsides in various stages of lusty growth. But the young Klinkii Pines are seen in very small numbers—the problem of Klinkii propagation is on the way to being solved, but the botanists have not yet claimed real success.

Both are excellent pines, but the experts give a shade of odds in favour of Klinkii.

If gold had not brought the Europeans into this country, and then turned them towards timber, this unique and indigenous Klinkii Pine night have disappeared altogether.

A Kind of Endless Cycle IT looks like an endless cycle for CNG Timbers Ltd. By the time the natural forests of Hoop and EOinkii are out, the replanted forests will be ready for cutting.

Fhe world seems to want more and wore plywood. Much of this Bulolo product goes to United States, and is a comforting dollar-earner for Canberra.

There are other stands of Hoop md Klinkii here and there about the Highlands of this eastern end of New Guinea.

They probably will be worked, as they become accessible, by individual timber millers, who look for pine, but who will saw up anything for the local and nearby markets, all of them ever hungry and unsatisfied.

Other Sources of Timber Enterprising Robert Wilson and Don Levine, who have been operating as Golden Pines Ltd. on the edge of the BGD area now are moving into the Bulwa area. Bulwa, on the Watut River, looks from the air like an outer suburb of Bulolo.

Golden. Pines Ltd. is spending £7O 000 on a lirst-class mill, and g^l ? g *J lght ■}? amon g big timber, which they will road to Lae.

The tireless Joe Bourke has established a new cordial factory at Bulwa, and the place is growing TTie large gravel flats of Sunshine Gold, still sluicing profitably are only a little way below Bulwa.

Pine timber products now will come in also, in steady volume, from hiew Guinea Gold Limited which (like BGD), turned some its attention to timber after the war and which, after a long, hard struggle with high officialdom—which could see merit in nothing outside of BGD —now has been given a much wider area from which to cut pine. (Over) 71 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

w the beers that have won world-wide fame...

Victoria Bitter Melbourne Bitter Foster’s Lager Abbots Lager All four brands are widely distributed throughout the Pacific Islands by:- Burns Philp & Co. Ltd., W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., Morris, Hedstrom Ltd., Nelson & Robertson Pty. Ltd., Steamships Trading Co. Ltd.

September, 1957 Pacific Islands Monthly!

INTERNATIONAL BLOODSTOCK AGENCY

Exporters Of All Livestock

CATTLE, HORSES, SHEEP, PIGS, CHICKENS, DUCKLINGS, GOATS, etc.

We give immediate attention to all orders large or small.

SHIPPING BY SEA OR AIR FREIGHT.

Apply:

International Bloodstock

AGENCY Box 2, Coogee, Sydney.

Telephone: ML 3050 Cables: INTERSTOCK—Sydney.

STOREKEEPERS Make more room for display of the lines that give good profit margin with quick turnover lines like Kream Cornflour, Dandy Starch and Cameo Custard Powder.

Widely popular, uniformly high in quality, these three lines make friends — and make money!

Kream Cornflour

Dandy Starch

Cameo Custard Powder

ALSO: BULK PEARL LAUNDRY STARCH. Prepared especially for the Laundry Trade. Packed in jute sacks each 100 lbs.

BULK CORN FLOUR. Recommended for all Culinary and Manufacturing purposes. Packed in jute sacks each I 12 lbs.

For further information write: MAIZE PRODUCTS PTY. LTD. (INC. IN VIC.), 552 HARRIS STREET, SYDNEY IMi F LOo NGG Ltd. now is putting its eggs into several baskets—notably, gold, timber and coffee—and is the economic backbone of Wau.

Local Banana-Cases Tried in W. Samoa WITH a view to overcoming the high cost and inconvenience of having to import banana and other fruit cases in unassembled ‘shook” form from New Zealand, juick-growing timber stands have been established in New Zealand’s Island Territories in recent years.

Fhese are, in some cases, now rearing the felling stage.

During 1956, some of this timber vas milled and used in a shipment )f bananas from that Territory.

However, the officialese language of he latest W. Samoa Report, gives ittle indication of whether or not he cases proved satisfactory, fhe Report merely says that it was 'demonstrated that the utilisation if this fast-growing tree was worth urther investigation.” The timber n this case was Albizzia falcata.

The 30 acres planted at Vailima deludes also cedrela odorata.

From About

125 FATHOMS Rabaul Promised New Fresh Fish Supply IT has just been discovered by Mr.

Joe Russo, a well-known Italian fisherman, of Rabaul, that an ample supply of fish can be obtained by special methods and equipment in the waters off Gazelle Peninsula, at a depth of about 125 fathoms. It is a development of the new deepfishmg technique of the Japanese, of which much has been heard in recent years.

Mr. Russo and his associates now have built a special boat and equipment, including fish-traps, and they say that, with some official cooperation, they can keep supplies of fresh fish up to the Rabaul market.

“Much better for all communities than the tinned stuff they have been using for so long,” says Mr. Russo.

The plan cannot be operated, however, without a freezer of some kind: and the group has not got the land for a freezer. It has made an urgent application to the Administration for help in this direction. t Mr. Mohammed Ali Sahib, of Drasa, Lautoka, Fiji, has passed b, ls , Master of Arts examination in statistics at the Punjab University, a^th an re^ t° Fiji this 73 Pacific ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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All enquiries through your Island Trader will receive our prompt attention N.S.W. Representatives:

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And Movies

Bounty Is. Bet urns To Normal rpHE Pitcairn Island patient who 1 made the air-waves do double duty in July ( PIM, August, p. 24), was last reported to be making a rapid recovery.

She was Mrs. Jessie Clark, wife of Oliver Clark. Mrs. Clark suffered a haemorrhage from a peptic ulcer on July 21, and a radio call for assistance was sent out.

Four ships, including HMS Warrior, answered the call (see page 79, this issue) and the first one to arrive carried three bottles of blood plasma. Mrs. Clark’s condition had by then improved and the transfusion completed the job.

Modern Conveniences for Bounty Descendants Fletcher Christian and his little party of Bounty mutineers would not recognise Pitcairn Island if they could return to-day. The electricity plant has made many things possible —new tools, washing machines, refrigerators, radio and even movies.

There is also a telephone service.

The school has a movie projector and this is used to show movies to the public; and also by SDA Pastor Hawkes to show church programmes.

New Stamps A new set of Pitcairn Island stamps was on sale on the island on July 2. These replace the old King George VI set which has been in use since 1940. The new stamps have a portrait of Queen Elizabeth 11. v The inter-island communications network in Tonga was further extended in August when a new radio station was established at Ha’afeva, in the central Ha’apai Group. The equipment was supplied by a New Zealand firm. A similar new installation will also be made at Lifuka.

The Ha’afeva station contacts Nukualofa four times per day initially. 74

September, 19 5 7 -Pacific Islands Monthly!

\ V 9 ' / irons smoother faster! ★ EASY TO USE. ★ DRAUGHTPROOF- USE IT/N OR OUT OF DOORS, ★ NO WIRES OR FLEXES. ★ COMPLETE AND SIMPLE HEAT CONTROL.

★ Burns 4 Hours On Only *Rd Pint

OF KEROSENE.

If ycu have any difficulty In obtaining TILLEY Products, please contact your nearest representative for further information.

REPRESENTATIVES Mr. K. WITHERINGTON, 2 Burn* Philp Buildings, SUVA.

AUSTRALIA & NEW GUINEA: T H BENTLEY Pty. LTD. 1092 Mt. Alexander Rd., Essendon, Victoria.

NOT THEIR BUSINESS Fiji's Europeans Mostly Apathetic APATHY in public matters, recently criticised in New Guinea, is not peculiar to that Territory.

In Fiji it has come under fire, too; and the reasons given are similar to those in P-NG: a large proportion of the European population expects “to be out of it in a few years”.

The Fiji Times started the ball rolling with a series of articles on the “Future of Fiji”, and later expressed disappointment at public reaction.

Mr. Maurice Scott, senior elected member of Legislative Council, and Sir Hugh Ragg, who has had many years in Council and who is head of the chain of hotels controlled by Northern Hotels Ltd., were the first men interviewed by the Fiji Times.

They were succeeded by other leading men in business and agriculture.

Most held the idea that for many years Government has done little to increase the Colony’s output, and that no machinery exists to find markets, or to implement the numerous (almost annual) reports, Dn how to increase production, ivhich have all met a sad fate in Government pigeon-holes.

As a result, exports have remained very much on the same evel—rising in the good years, when there were no hurricanes or floods; md falling when these occurred.

Meanwhile imports steadily increased to meet the needs of a steadily increasing population, with he result that the Colony has had i succession of unfavourable trade- Dalances which must continue until some immediate forms of developnent can be found, or foodstuffs p-own locally can reduce the quantity now being imported.

One bright spot is the prospect of i comparatively early increase in the ixport of bananas which bring •egular monthly cash payments.

Planting on a large scale is being carried out in the Sigatoka district md also on the island of Kadavu some 60 miles from Suva, which is ikely to become a port of call for -he banana vessels.

The urgent need is for immediate development that will bring mout an early improvement in the Jconomic situation.

The erection of a large Government subsidised hotel to accommodate the tourists now being r ned away, was one suggestion; he banana trade was another. Then >ne writer suggested making Govirnment land suitable for sugar cane available at reasonable rentals to build up sugar exports to the full Fiji export quota.

There could be an extension of the dairying industry which would considerably reduce importations of dried milk. Local milk sterilised under new methods would keep for long periods without the use of refrie-erators ®.

Discussions also emphasised the weakness of the Colonial administrative system under which officers arrived, then departed after a short term leaving behind them as a record of achievement only large files of reports never implemented. 5 Dr. Eric Bridgman, QBE, superintendant of Rotorua Hospital New Zealand, left Papeete by ? or Auckland, in August, after spending some months in Tahiti. In New Zealand, Dr. Bridgman will have the t egl0 I ? ?£ honour conferred upon * llm ky the Minister for France, in recognition of the great assistance given by him to the leper hospitals in French Oceania. t June-July cocoa crop in Western Samoa was a light one. Prices for cocoa advanced slightly and rates offered, f.o.b. Apia, were £Stg.23o- - per ton, first grade; £Stg.22o for second grade. 75 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

because it's VACUUM PACKED 9 pM lS vv 'H O H SW» SI A* u. ; ST RtHG 1 vA FINE VACUUM PACKED, your Capstan fine cut Tobacco is always fresh in the new Vacuum Sealed Tin.

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September, 19 5 7 -Pacific Islands Monthl

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West Samoa'S War

On Crop Pests

rE ravages of insect pests in crops in discussed at length in the 1956 Report on Western Samoa recently published in Wellington.

Discussing the territory’s agriculture the report says: “The total losses of crops due to the ravages of insect pests and diseases has in the past not been fully realised. Recent research indicates that these losses may be as high as 25 per cent, for bananas, 15 per cent, for cocoa, and 20 per cent, for copra. In value this would represent approximately £450,000, f.0.b., value annually (in Western Samoa).”

The Report notes that the capacity of the Department of Agriculture in that territory is being steadily expanded to combat these losses. At present the rhinoceros beetle causes a loss of up to 5,000 tons of copra annually and the Department’s main drive is towards the elimination of this pest. t A New Caledonian government lotice in July prohibited the publication, distribution, importation or sale of any publication emanating from local or overseas Vietnamese sources.

CATS IN BENGAL;

Helicopters In Ng

World Wide Lives Up To Its Name WORLD Wide Air Services, one of the comparative newcomers to aviation in Papua-New Guinea, is nonetheless about the best known in the outside world.

It is American-owned and recently featured in a long article in the Reader’s Digest.

World Wide is noted in the Territory for its helicopters which it operates on behalf of Australasian Petroleum Company and for other charter work. Originally, the pilots were Americans, but now most of them are Australians, who have learned the technique in the last couple of years.

Recently World Wide helicopters have been assisting the Dutch Government across the border to set up camps for a big scientific expedition that is shortly to take place.

To prepare for this, an airstrip is being put down in a valley in the Starr Mountains; floor of the valley is about 4,500 ft and the mountains tower up some thousands of feet above that.

The helicopters have been flying in food, camping gear, axes, trade gOOdS, etc. (Over) 77 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

BURNS PHILP (New Hebrides) LTD.

Registered Office: VILA, NEW HEBRIDES.

Branch Office at SANTO.

Exporters, Importers and General Merchants, Commission, Shipping and Customs Agents.

Representatives for BURNS PHILP TRUST CO. LTD., QUEENS- LAND INSURANCE CO. LTD., and LLOYD’S OF LONDON Agents

For Societe Des Petroles Shell Des Iles Francaises

DU PACIFIQUE, and numerous overseas manufacturers of all classes of merchandise.

Sydney Agents: BURNS. PHILP & CO., LTD., 7 Bridge St.

San Francisco Agents: BURNS-PHILP CO. OF SAN FRANCISCO INC.. 215 Market St.

London Agents: BURNS. PHILP & CO., LTD., 35 Crutched Friars. E.C.3.

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SAMARAI and POPONDETTA huntings LAE and GOROKA WHOLESALE AND RETAIL MERCHANTS SHIPOWNERS IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS. PLANTERS SHIPPING, CUSTOMS, AND INSURANCE AGENTS

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South British Insurance Co.

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Agents

Buntings Biscuits Ltd

RABAUL But an even more unusual job is shortly to be undertaken by the company in the Bay of Bengal— this time using one of the company’s Catalina planes.

Four months ago the plane was flown from Pakistan to Port Moresby for complete overhaul. Now it has been flown to Holland for installation of elaborate magnetic and seismic equipment. In November, it will go into operation in the Bay of Bengal where, it is suspected, oil may lie below the sea-bed.

The Cat (which will be flown by an Australian pilot) will taxi over the Bay, trailing the gear and charges of explosives on lines. Every few miles it will stop and lower magnetic and gravity recording gear to the sea floor.

The reason why a Catalina is being used instead of a ship is that big ships are too expensive, and small ships are too small to be efficient in the kind of weather experienced in the Bay. A Catalina can operate in calm weather, and if sudden squalls threaten, can get up and away and return to base before any damage is done.

The operation of World Wide reads like something imagined by author Nevil Shute. But it is real; it works: it’s international; and it makes handsome profits for its owners. It is adventure and enterprise of the best 20th century variety. t Two native women in Port Moresby each got one month’s gaol in July for lighting illegal fires in the open. This is the first case of women being charged with this offence. Port Moresby’s annual rainfall of. around 40 inches falls within a few months—leaving a “dry” of about seven months. In that period, grass and scrub on the outskirts of the sprawling town become tinder-dry and a big fire hazard.

The natives have always been in the habit of burning off the grass to capture small game. t Perturbed by the very high infant mortality rate at Manihiki, Northern Cooks—it is not much better on sorm other islands of the Group—the Cools Islands Administration has appointee a special Welfare Nurse to study the problem and to instruct mothers in child welfare. Mrs. H. M. R. Paget who has been in business in the Cook Islands and has also held s position in the administrative department of the Cook Is. Healtl Department, was to undertake £ special course before proceeding north from Rarotonga in August. 78

September. 1957-Pacific Islands Month Lj

Doctors prove PALMOLIVE can bring you a.-mikk mphion in 14 days!

YOU, TOO, can look for these complexion improvements in 14 days. ★ Complexion clearer, more radiantl ★ Fresher, brighter complexion! ★ Less oiliness! ★ Added softness and smoothness! ★ Fewer tiny blemishes and incipient blackheads!

Not Just A Promise—But A Proved Plan

This is all you do. Simply massage your skin twice a day with the extra-mild, pure lather of Palmolive—then rinse and pat dry. You 11 see Palmolive bring out your heauty while it cleans your skin.

Use Palmolive, so mild, so gentle . . . that’s why Palmolive is by far the largest-selling toilet soap in Australia.

Buy The Big Super-Bath Size And Save Homy

— n&r mmm I Helicopters — A Pitcairn Is. First IS a direct result of Mrs. Jessie Clark, of Pitcairn Is., having an internal haemorrhage in July (FIM, August, p. 24), the island was visited by HMS Warrior , which carries two helicopters.

The people knew of Warrior’s visit three days before —and that the helicopters would land on the island if possible.

Before dawn, on July 31, the entire fit and able population of Pitcairn gathered on the hill above Oleander, where the men cleared a place 40 yards square for the aircraft to land.

Then, circling over the bay and round Ship Landing Point, high above it, the helicopters came to rest for a while near the awed population. And then six of the leading men of Pitcairn, having been invited on board ship for breakfast, took their seats inside the aircraft.

The Chief Magistrate, Mr. Parkin Christian, and the schoolteacher, Mr.

Wotherspoon, and the missionary.

Pastor Hawkes, went with Commodore Hicks. The Government Secretary, Andrew Young, and the two Assessors, Vernon Young and Ivan Christian, embarked in the second helicopter.

Barely had they risen from the ground when the pilot dived straight down to the ship! Andrew described his feelings in a letter: “To tell you the truth, I nearly cried for fear. Looking through the door down to the Landing, I said, ‘We’ll surely be dashed to pieces down there!’ Then all at once we start to heel over. I cried, ‘Oh dear, we’ll turn over!’ If I hadn’t been strapped in I would have jumped out into the sea. I was afraid—but it was really exciting! It was an experience long to be remembered on Pitcairn Island.”

One of the bravest of seamen, Andrew knows no fear in the roughest and most dangerous waters, but this adventure was something altogether new and different. t Tom Tonga, a 22-years-old Tongan attending a four-year animal husbandry course at Gatton College, Queensland, won first prize in the beef cattle section of the Brisbane Royal National Show young judges’ competition. There were 34 competitors in the class. Tom, who is in his final year, said that he would probably take up a Government position when he returned to Tonga next year. t Mr. W. Francis, New South Wales manager of Nestle’s Food Specialities (Aust.) Ltd., is on a fortnight’s business trip in Fiji, where he will visit Suva, Lautoka and Nadi. 79 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

■ fp? ;■ ..- i I U'-'f A i ' m Pin *«« s*#* %

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September, 1 # 5 7 - Pacific Islands Monthly

Magazine Section

Tropicali ties

The Policeman’S Lot

THE new Solomon Islands Police uniform made its first appearance in July.

It consists of black beret, khaki shirt (as before), khaki shorts with a red stripe down each side (illfitting and reaching to the knee in the true Colonial Service tradition); woollen putt ees reaching from just below the knee to the ankle ; and open sandals.

The only reason that comes to mind to explain the atrocious fit of the shorts, is that the design was developed for natives of vastly different structure from the Melanesians.

On the practical side, it is true that the shorts incorporate a truncheon pocket, but although the red stripes may be useful for identification purposes they have a musical comedy air about them.

But the main bone of contention is the puttees.

Searching for a reasonable explanation one can suppose that puttees provide protection during bush patrols.

For policemen whose patrols are larried out along the roads and racks of Honiara town, the puttees ire no more than a source of irritaion. Several policemen state that heir legs have become sore after rearing puttees, others say that ifter walking for a while their legs eem to swell. —K.

Operation Pick-Up

A N unorthodox air operation was lV carried out during the visit to Rarotonga in late July of the lircraft carrier HMS Warrior.

The idea originated at a party vhen Mr. Gordon Brereton, a senior adio technician, entertained one of he ship’s helicopter pilots. The *aval officer explained the capabilities of the helicopter, and Brereton, who feared that his duties would prevent his seeing the helicopters in action, challenged the ’copter pilots to pick up some beer from the top of the radio mast the following morning.

The challenge was accepted, and shortly before 9 a.m. next day, another radio man, Allan McQueen, climbed the 200-ft mast with a camera and a haversack containing 18 tins of beer on his back. The three ’copters took off from the Warrior at 9 a.m., but instead of immediately commencing their official programme, shot off to Black Rock, where they hovered, line abreast, over the top of the radio mast.

The first aircraft let down a bag attached to a line, and McQueen pldced 6 tins of ice-cold beer and an opener in the bag. The beer was hauled aboard, and as the helicopter veered away its place was taken by the second machine. The procedure was successfully repeated, but the third pilot, thinking that the beer was finished, flew away without collecting his quota.

Everybody, with the possible exception of the third pilot and crew, was happy. Brereton saw the helicopters in action at close range; the Naval men got their “liveners”; and McQueen got his photographs. — WHP.

The Technical Teacher Was

STAGGERED THIS quaint incident occurred while I was in Lae, New Guinea, at the end of July.

The prevailing “dog disease” — Asian ’flu, if you like—hit the labour compounds; and most of ; the native students at the Government technical school went to bed, like anyone else.

Jack Tong, an instructor in engineering and allied subjects, found his normal class reduced to two. He decided on an easy chat around a table. He told them all about an internal combustion engine, and especially described the function of a spark-plug.

He really worked on that sparkplug; and then he sat back and examined the wooden faces of his pupils.

He said that if they did not understand the spark-plug they should ask him questions.

Silence. “Come along,” he said.

“Ask me any question you like.”

After another blank pause, one of the two students said: “Please, master, who killed Jesus Christ?”

“What did you say?” demanded the staggered Mr. Tong.

The boy shyly repeated the question.

The teacher decided that he had better treat the matter seriously. He didn’t know the answer—he was inclined to think that Christendom’s rop villain was Pontius Pilate. He stepped into the next room.

“Who killed Jesus Christ?” he demanded. The teacher there, after his natural suspicions had been allayed, voted determinedly for

Middle-Class

A visiting Parliamentarian recently stated that he found middle-class people in Papua and New Guinea living an upper-class life; and he thought they ought to pay direct taxation Hon. E. A. James, MLC, of Port Moresby, in a comment over 9PA, said he was most surprised that the visitor should object to middle-class people leading an upper-class life, even if such a thing were possible. We paid plenty of indirect taxation, anyway, added Mr. James.

Oh, the weather was cold, so I packed my bag And headed up north (I’m such a wag!).

Of course, I travelled up there by air— The Australian people were paying my fare— And I left behind my wool underwear, But trousers and braces—l wouldn’t dare!

And Middle-Class People put me up, And Middle-Class People gave me sup, And Lower Class servants did their best To make things pleasant for the guest— And Middle-Class children slept on the floor So I might sleep in comfort more.

And I saw people live with a grace or two — When not in the rain or a hard canoe.

My host gave whisky (he’d paid the tax), And listened politely as I made cracks.

And my host got up at a quarter-totwo To care for a native —what a thing to do!

And so I departed from P-NG, Having spent a fortnight—or , was it three?

And having learned all about the place, I made a few statements to just save face.

For one should acknowledge, I always say, A most hospitable holiday.

NOELLE MASON.

Bougainville. 81 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Judas Iscariot. Mr. Tong stood loyally by Pontius Pilate.

I do not know how they settled it —but the student got a solemn answer, and seemed satisfied.

A large proportion of New Guinea students come from mission schools, and are naturally preoccupied with Biblical subjects.—RWR.

Land In The Making

NO doubt there are other places in PNG where landslides occur but the Fuyuge country of the Papuan Central Division is a noted place for fhem. The Fuyuge (Sacred Heart Mission) country is part of the Southern slopes of the Owen-Stanleys. Once, on the Upper Loloipa River the late Charles Karius and I missed one, a most fearsome affair, by a few hours.

Countless thousands of tons of hillside slid into the river and walking across it half-way up the slope to get to Auga Village was a nightmare.

Sometime later, when returning from a store-collecting patrol to Kanosia Plantation, on the coast, to Kambisi Police Camp (1926), a decent-sized hill slid into a tributary of the Vanapa River. Thousands of tons of rock and rubble completely blocked the creek and were responsible for the formation of a lake 100 feet deep at the block.

The dam eventually broke and the resultant wave scared the daylights out of the villagers downstream.

Luckily, there was no loss of life.

Later on in this area two RC Fathers (Dubuy and Garreau), were caught in the middle of two separate landslides and both lost their lives. —SANASI.

Pine Lodge’S Card-Indexed

Native Staff

HOTEL management in Papua and New Guinea is supposed to call for a specialised degree of local knowledge—so much of the hotel’s activities are carried on by natives who possess little more than a laplap and a knowledge of simple Pidgin.

But Mr. E. E. Ferrie, a highlytrained hotel man who first saw New Guinea only a few months ago, and who now runs Pine Lodge, at Bulolo (the best, and most expensive hostelry in P-NG), has surmounted the local servant problems with signal success. He has imposed a card-control system on the indentured labourers.

The work of the hotel is divided and subdivided into individual jobs.

Each daily job has a number and a card, and each native servant gets a card. Differently coloured cards mean different things. The servants are organised in groups.

Each group has a supervisor. As each job is finished the card goes back to the supervisor. The supervisor inspects, marks the card, then gives the servant another job, and a card.

It sounds like the kind of theoretical nonsense so often set out in quadruplicate by Canberra planners. But it works —and most efficiently.

The luncheon and dinner menus at Pine Lodge are something right out of this New Guinea world, and the service is excellent. But the waiters are merely some of these card-indexed natives, drilled and scrubbed and uniformed.

Here one is not left at the mercy of Pidgin. Mr. Ferrie follows the common Territory hotel practice of numbering his menu items; but he tries to keep the same numbers for the various menu items, and he induces his well-trained dining-room corps to memorise the numbered items. —RWR.

Coals To Newcastle!

WHEN Warrior called at Rarotonga, Cook Is., recently, the commanding officer offered as a special prize for a Cook Islands Crippled Children’s Fund raffle, a ride round the island in one of the carriers’ helicopters.

The raffle was duly drawn. The: winner: pilot of the helicopter!

In a furthef draw, Mr. Dominique* Peyroux, of Rarotonga, also had aj ride. t A dietitian with the Department] of Health, Papua-New Guinea. Miss Lucy Hamilton, passed through Lae and Kainantu recently on her way < to Okapa, where she is to carry outt work with the research team there: Miss Hamilton was accompanied btf Miss J. Whiteman, of Suva, who expects to be at Okapa for two weeks and will then go to the Solomon Islands.

The Captain and the Cook...

Inspired by the Savaii story and picture o[?] the snake and the boy, on page 82 of July PIM, an Islands reader sends this photograph The girl is Nancy MacLennan, a daughter of Mr. George M. MacLennan, of Kikiri Plantation, New Britain, and a grand-daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Ellis, New Guinea pioneers. Nancy is a pupil of Clayfield College, Brisbane, and her friend is an Australian reptile captured at Lone Pine, near Brisbane, a few months ago. 82 SEPTEMBER. 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

In Tonga

Going To Prison Can Be Fun

By J. Edward Brown

BEING sent to prison is usually considered socially degrading; and I don’t suppose its very comfortable; or meant to be.

But being sent to prison in Tonga is a different proposition. For Tongans it means a full stomach, a little work, a good roof over their heads and no worries. It could even be a joyous occasion, for when having their photographs taken for the files the hardest job is to stop prisoners from smiling, and to make them look like criminals.

Tonga probably has the only prison in the world which has an annual picnic which is really organ ised and to which many guests are invited, including prominent people in the government, who feel ther is nothing incongruous in it.

The Judge complained one year that when he went to the annual picnic he was greeted at the gate bv a prisoner whom he’d sentenced to 15 years only the day before.

The prisoners have their own “army”. They are fanatics at drill ing and love every moment of it.

The Minister of Police donates an annual prize (a six-pound tin of bully beef) for the best display of drill by a platoon of prisoners.

They love to display their march ing in Nukualofa, the capital of Tonga. With wicked looking machetes at the slope, they march proudly down the street, heading for a job of work such as cutting the grass around public buildings and in the parks.

As they pass the police constable on point duty in the mam street, they give a smart eyes right at the command of the prisoner in charge, while a Tongan police guard, com pletely unarmed and unconcerned, marches along behind.

The prison farm helps the coffers of the Tongan Government by sell ing produce in Nukualofa. I was sit ting at a house on the beach-front one day when the prison depart ment truck rolled slowly past with one of the prisoners—not a warder —yelling out that they had bananas and kits of toro for sale. There was a warder lounging in the back, plus 10 prisoners and a couple of kids who were just along for the ride.

The woman of the house shouted and the truck stopped. She bought two bunches of bananas for 2/-, and a kit of taro and on rolled the truck to hawk its produce elsewhere.

Of course, the prison is main tained out of government funds, and one item on the estimates of expenditure for the department which appears every year is not tied up in complicated words. It bluntly says, “Maintenance lunatics, £25”.

Prison is even good enough for a honeymoon. It is recorded that many decades ago a prisoner wanted to get married, so he borrowed the prison department’s horse and cart and jogged the ten miles to Nukualofa, got married and took his bride back to prison for the moneymoon.

The prisoners, according to law, are not allowed to have any money.

But what the law says doesn’t seem to make much difference. Prior to last Christmas, the prisoners at the side of the road cutting grass would stop work when somebody passed and rattle a collection box under their noses.

A few days before Christmas, there were several prisoners in one of the biggest stores doing their Christmas shopping. Several were at the drapery counter, and others were at the fancy goods counter.

Another two were at the main door getting the necessary cash by rattling collection boxes at the customers as they entered and left the store.

The normal gaol uniform is khaki shorts and shirts, but some have white crew-neck shirts which they decorate themselves. One I saw had a skull and crossbones on the back.

Another had his name, and under neath that, “7 years”.

Another had proudly written on his, “20 years for murder”.

It is said that years ago there was a notice outside the gaol which stated: “Any prisoner not in by 6 o’clock will be locked out.” Well, apocryphal or not, it sums up the Islands at titude towards prisoners.

Not that there are not some lapses from grace. A few years ago there was a public outcry that prison discipline should be tightened. This followed several incidents.

On the island of Haapai one prisoner appeared in the dock in irons after he had broken out of gaol, broken into a store and after hiding his spoils under the prison, had let himself back in again. He was considered an incorrigible rogue and sent to Nukualofa to the main prison, still in irons. Another escapee tried to sail a stolen yacht to Fiji.

Then there was the case of the Tongan who stowed away on an overseas vessel. He was sentenced to a term in gaol and appealed. He freely admitted that he was guilty, but he wanted to finish out the football season as a free man. When the football season was over he was quite nrepared to go to prison, because, as he said, he had “nothing else to do anyway”.

French Argentinian of Santo MIGUEL J. LEROY, dynamic planter and trader of Santo in the New Hebrides, was born in Normandy in 1903. His formal education ended at the University of Caen in 1922. He spent 1924-25 dealing in tobacco, coffee and cacao at Santiago in the Dominican Republic, and then set up in busi ness at Buenos Aires.

Ten years later he returned to France for a short visit before setting out on a voyage to the Pacific, railing at Tahiti, Port Vila, Santo, Pentecost and Lamap on Malekula. He married there in September, 1938, and returned to France with his wife, Mimi.

On the first day of the war in 1939 Miguel was mobilised into a Pioneer battalion, and after the disastrous retreat of 1940 was demobilised in July that year. He decided to return to the New Hebrides, with his wife, but owing to the events in the Pacific they were able to get only as far as South America.

They settled at Buenos Aires, where Miguel became a naturalised Argentine citizen in 1948.

The following year they were able to con tinue that delayed voyage to the New Hebrides, where they settled on Pentecost for two years before taking over Surunda Plantation on Santo.

Here they were next-door neighbours to Alfred Laborde, whose plantation at Turtle Bay became famous in the play "South Pacific".

In the Hebrides, Miguel is a "resortissant Francais", but most of his commercial interests are registered as a British company, including some small vessels used for recruiting and trading around the islands.

Miguel Leroy was a keen supporter of the Santo Aero Club, which has now dwindled into a small syndicate; and he has also supported the Japanese fishing and canning establishment cn Santo, which promises, together with mining developments, to start a new era of commercial progress in the northern part of the New Hebrides.- BRETT HILDER.

Because there is no longer any space available in the Methodist sections of Suva cemeteries all future burials of those of the Methodist faith will be at Nasinu General Cemetery. 83 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1057

Mokolkol[?]e Come!

Six-Feet Men, With Five-Feet Axes

By Kent Williams

HIGH in the mountains, above Open Bay, slightly north of the volcanic Father Mountain, dwell the Mokolkol tribe, the last of several killer tribes which once inhabited New Britain.

These people were greatly feared by the more peaceable and civilised natives, and the name Mokolkol is still enough to throw a scare into a plantation labourer (and others).

The Mokolkols roamed comparitively near Rabaul, the capital of New Britain —within 80 or 90 miles of it; and they persis ed in their primitive, savage, nomadic existence until recently.

For many years, during German administration of New Guinea, the Government sent out expeditions in vain endeavours to contact the Mokolkols.

After the 1914-1918 war, when Australia took over, many more attempts were made to contact Mokolkol savages. Such expeditions were entirely fruitless until a couple of years ago when, following a killing raid by the tribe, a Government patrol was at last successful in capturing a Mokolkol woman and two men.

These were taken to Rabaul, to calaboose. However, the detention was mentally, medically and physically friendly and humane.

These guests of the Government were well fed and kept in Rabaul until a fair smattering of local Pidgin talk was assimilated by them. Then a Government patrol took their now happy captives back to the solitude of their mountains. Contact then was easily made with the tribe by virtue of the assistance rendered by the erstwhile captives.

The chief man of the tribe was made Government Head Man— Luluai—and ceremoniously crowned with the “Hat” (a red braided, peaked cap). He was an able student of the ceremonial foot slam and sweeping salute.

Now these primitives were safely under control. Or were they?

One day a planter on a lonely, embryo cocoa area on Open Bay was planting seedlings with a few boys when a terrific uproar was heard from the vicinity of the house compound.

Nothing could be seen from the planting area, densely screened by temporary shade growth, but the din coming from the quarters seemed a veritable donnybrook. The few seedling boys yelled, “Mokolkol he come!” and promptly disappeared.

The planter felt that the only thing he could do was go and see “wattinell” was doing. This is his story: IGOT up near the house and saw a mob of natives milling around near my house-cook tank. a c T crr»t rinspr a hi? naked savlee curving a gfeamfng fivefeJt hafted ale mf towards me followed bv two ither 6-feet tell natives with long axes. When they were within a few yards I stood my ground and held ud mv hand shoulder high with palm outwards, Why, I didn't know The leading savage halted and a bloke behind slammed a Luluai’s hat on the leader’s head, peak to the rear. After fumbling and straightening the hat, the now Luluai took one pace forward, snapped both feet on the ground— one-two—then threw me a magnificient salute. Laughing at the comic opera, I snapped my clumsy boots together and threw back a respending salute.

The three of them jumped me then, calling me “Kiap, Kiap, Kiap” at the top of their voices. Arms went around my neck, around my waist and around my hips. They felt and fondled me all over.

By that time the mob was upon me, men, women and children — about 15 of them—scrabbling, fighting and yelling to get hold of me somewhere. They didn’t care where, In no time I was being consumed by human leeches—so it seemed. All who could get a grip were sucking my skin. Neck, arms, shoulders, legs, yes back and belly, too, where they had pulled up my short athleticsinglet.

Before I could break cleai I had time to consider what it was all about. Mountain people needing salt,, I reckoned, and I had been sweating Profusely. “Bring out a cup of saltyelled to the cook boy who wasi sitting, exhausted and damp on the' kitchen steps. The Mokolkols had. sucked him dry, leaving him nicely slavered all over. 1 s °on got clear of the leeches; by handing out salt into open palms., They ate as if it were sugar, T hen they found the word salt Sor to them. So the started^ again, Sqr, Sor, Sor , from 15< raucous voices.

Filling several empty tobacco tins; with salt—l had plenty of it—l was; able to quieteil them sufficiently to< get hold of the woman who knew' Pidgin English. Things started toe move better then, I went to the bathroom for ai clean up. They followed and scattered all over the house. One chape took my shaving mirror and triedi to open the back, while a young fellow started to eat a cake of soap, I grabbed my razor and brushes and! locked them up in the store, in the bedroom a couple of merr and women were fighting to see whoc could lick the face they saw in at mirror that, luckily, was a fixture.

The 6-ft. men —and their axes. 84 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Two or three others were sitting on my bed chewing and spitting betelnut on my limbung palm floor.

I gradually herded all out to the verandah dining room, where some were already sitting on the dining table and some stretched full length on the floor. Three at once tried to balance themselves on a couple of chairs placed together.

Three of my labourers started to show great courage and came up to help. These, with two local Kanaka friends, were placed at strategic positions in the house whilst I took all the Mokolkols below, under the shade of a green creeper arch. There I spent a couple of hours dressingmany festering wounds, sores and ulcers, all smelling vilely. One old lady complained of a joint pain so I rubbed in a sweet smelling medicament. The whole of the tribe then had to be rubbed with it, somewhere or other.

I gave them a few old axe heads, bush knives, lap laps, razor blades, salt and other things and told them next time they came I would have more presents to give them, from the No. 1 Kiap in Rabaul.

With a parting salute the Luluai gave forth a fiendish cry and started for the untracked bush at a quick pace. All his retinue fell in behind and without a single good-bye gesture set off after him and disappeared.

THE Mokolkols paid us another visit about six weeks later. There were about 30 of them this time.

This time, too, my wife and daughter, aged fifteen, were with me, fresh from Australia.

It was after belo kaikai, when I saw them coming from the bush.

Not knowing what mood they might be in, whether friendly or hostile, I sent my wife and daughter inside and met the Mokolkols outside.

I received the same official salute but there was no more skin licking.

They asked at once for “Sor, Sor”.

And received it promptly.

These natives seemed even more friendly than on the previous occasion, and could utter a few odd words of Pidgin. The women, too, were completely covered where it most mattered with a circle of fresh green leaves from the waist to knee; and an odd one wore a lap lap under the leaves. The more conservative men persisted in their fashionable attire of G string and long axes. They called me Papa and showed me many suppurating, deep old wounds the result of many hand fights with wild pigs.

They found out my women folk were with me, and as the Mokolkols were quite friendly, my wife and daughter were introduced. They were made a big fuss of by the women, who had to hug and hold them.

The men, however, were friendly but kept their distance.

I took the lame and the halt down to my shaded arbor to attend to their medical needs. Having to introduce hypodermic needles to these wild people could have unpleasant consequences. My mind was much on their long-handled axes, the heads of which, whilst polished silver bright, were also razor sharp. I induced them to stack them aside at some distance.

I selected for my first victim for a penicillin injection, an old woman with a nasty tusk wound in her hand. Making the other participants stand around, I showed them the needle and the penicillin and explained how it had to be a deepseated muscular shot. I reckoned this old dame would not be able to “do me over” if the needle hurt. I gave her the full needle into the buttock, under the green leaves, and old Granny only laughted. The rest of them then bickered around like a flock of parrots for next shot —the status quo could be maintained only if each got a shot. They got it.

A few of the women who had been in the bedroom with my wife and daughter now came out dressed in some cast-off clothing. We should have been charged amusement tax.

One tall woman came out with a skirt fastened around her neck and the lower half bare. She did not know what to do with her arms, but any effort on my wife's part to properly fit the lass, were scorned.

That skirt was on to stay.

An old, withered woman emerged with a discarded brassiere tied around her waist. One kid had on a pair of pants only, two limbs in one leg; and this one, too, would not listen to mature advice.

Probably saving the other leg as a spare.

With their injections, dressings, embrocation, cough mixture, aspirins, clothing, a mouth organ and a young pup as free gifts, they happily set off again into the bush.

At their next visit I was able to contact our District Commissioner by teleradio, and he immediately organised a patrol per fast trawler consisting of a Patrol Officer and a medical orderly fully equipped with supplies, medicines and presents.

I haa persuaded the Mokolkols to remain overnight and the following morning the full tribe was able to enjoy a complete visit by representatives of its Government — instead of just the makeshift services of a cocoa planter and his family. t A law society has been formed in Fiji to promote the welfare, and to preserve and maintain the integrity of the leffal profession in the Colony. The office-bearers are: President, Mr. D. W. N.

MacFarlane ; vice-presidents, Messrs. R. L. Munro, A. D. Patel; secretary, Mr. H A. L. Marquardt- Gray; treasurer, Mr. F. M. K.

Sherani; committee, Messrs. J. N.

Falvey, H. B. Gibson, A. I. N.

Deoki, C. H. Koya, N. Deo and T.

S. Sharma. t Roman Catholic Bishops from the Marquesas, Tahiti, Wallis, New Hebrides and New Caledonia will meet in Noumea in October. The conference will be presided over by Archbishop Carboni. Vatican representative in Australia. t The war-time commander of the division to which were attached Tahitian and New Caledonian troops will visit New Caledonia in October.

He is General Gorbay, who will inspect French overseas land forces.

The planter with some of the Mokolkols. 85 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Your World of Stamps.—XIII.

IGY Commemorated Norway and Japan THE International Geophysical Year is exercising the attentions of scientific minds throughout the world, over 40 nations cooperating to make observations of the earth and its atmosphere. Inaugurated in July, 1957, and to end in December, 1958, one of the most important surveys is being made in the Polar regions.

Norway has just issued stamps to honour the IGY, the designs picturing Jan Mayen Island, 1,000 miles from Iceland, a map of Spitzbergen, where national research work is being carried out, and a map of Antarctica, showing the Norwegian claim to Queen Maud Land.

Japan has also released a stamp showing the Japanese Polar expedition ship Soya, a penguin and the IGY emblem. * * * Most of the stamps issued by UN headquarters in America carry symbolic designs to commemorate some important UN event, agency or anniversary. On United Nations’

Day (October 24) next, the work of the Security Council is to be symbolised, with 2 stamps, the design of which will feature a globe of the world, the UN emblem and the message: “Security Council to maintain International Peace and Security.” ♦ * * Three interesting charity stamps were issued in Luxembourg recently in connection with the Prince Jean- Princess Josephine Charlotte Foundation, the hospital built by public subscription in the Grand Duchy to celebrate the wedding of Prince Jean to Princess Josephine Charlotte, sister of King Baudouin, of Belgium, in 1953. * * « A striking set of “Youth Sports” stamps on sale throughout Cuba a few months ago, pictured baseball and boxing scenes, two sports followed with interest by young men and boys. A graceful ballerina and a woman diving, represented sports practised by girls and young women. * * * Australia is to bring out two special “Christmas” stamps during November this year. The designs, following the theme of the occasion, will show a young child at prayer and the familiar Christmas motif, the Star of Bethlehem. In past years other interesting Christmas stamps have come from Hungary, Austria, Canada, Luxembourg and Cuba.

How Jack Summers Got His Pearl-Shell

The Name Of The Lopper God

An Old-Timer’s Story, hy J. Nixonwestwood rpHIS is a true account of some- JL thing that happened about 50 years ago, in Torres Strait.

In 1908, Pearler Jack Summers, based on Thursday Island, was working the Warrior Reef. The weather was atrocious; so he decided to give his men a spell, and his four luggers ran across to Daru, off the West Papua coast. Jack lodged with Louis Pothier.

One day, Jack accompanied Pothier to Mawatta village, on the estuary of the Fly River, near Daru Island. This place once had been heavily barricaded, but was now partly in ruins. There was a church In a good condition, however, and the bell there was very heavy, and on it coufd be seen the letters, “SANTA MA. . .” and the date 1797.

It was still there in 1914.

Jack noticed among the villagers a small man called Kikia, who carried with him a wooden box, like a 50-cigars box. Jack wanted to know what was inside; and another native, Yakoof, explained that it was their “wind Jesus”.

Persisting, Jack was told that this was a god, through which they controlled the wind. At sea, when the wind was “too much strong”, they took the figure from its box, stroked it and appealed to it, and the wind dropped. When it was too calm, they beat the figure with a copper rod, and the breeze would come.

The figure was roughly in human shape, and made of copper.

Yakoof showed Jack a place in a swamp, near the river, where were some old, rotted timbers. He said that long ago, a ship had been cast away on the coast nearby; and then had apparently been refloated, and was pushed into the estuary by the natives, and into the swamp. Yakoof said nothing about survivors.

Yakoof said the ship had copper on her bottom, and the villagers got some of it and hammered it into the shape of the little figure.

They had great faith in it as a ju-ju, and had cherished it for years, and called it “wind Jesus”.

Summers persuaded the natives that, as they now were Christians, ihey did not need such a thing any more, and he bought it for £2, and put it in his cabin.

BACK on the Warrior Reef, the weather was still bad, and the intake of shell very poor; and the season was passing.

One day, just for something to do, Jack took the little copper figure from the box, stroked it, and made a plea for better weathen according to the procedure described by Yakoof.

The gales Immediately subsided, and they got in several day; of successful shell-gathering.

Nearby was Yam Island. Tht lugger crews liked to be allowed t< go ashore there at week-ends. A Miss Smallwood, a mission worker would give them meals and em courage them to attend her churcH services.

The weather remained perfect and shelling went on steadily. Goot Friday approached. The LMS ketcl Goodwill came to anchor off Yan Island; and the Rev. Baxter Rile;: rowed across to Summer’s little shi] and said that no one worked oi Good Friday, and would he let thi crews of the luggers go ashore tv service.

Jack refused the request. He ex: plained that his pearling lugger had been idle for too long; the catcl: was still low; they must work ove?

Easter.

But the crew insisted on a breaj that week-end, and went ashore de? spite Jack Summers, and thr missionaries got their congregation THE following week-end, the again demanded a break, so theE could row ashore to Yam Islano The baffled and angry Jan remembered his ju-ju. He told tlx crew that if they would not worli he would beat the “wind Jesus”, am induce a storm; so that, if the would not work, they could not nr« to Yam Island. The crew—to us a modern expression—gave him raspberry”.

Jack got the heathen idol out o the box, and beat it with the coppe rod. Very shortly afterwards, to hi utter amazement, a howling south! easterly developed, and none of thi workers could row across to Yar Island.

The experiment lost him a dayv work; but he had proved to thi crews the efficacy of the ju-ju.

For the remainder of their stas on Warrior Reef, Jack usually go; what he wanted from the crew men by threatening to bring th “wind Jesus” into operation, fo their discomfort.

BACK at Thursday Island, Jao was due for leave. Before d*i parting on the Changsha . M handed the ju-ju over to one of til toss boys, for safe keeping.

Some time later, a collector < curios was at TI. and Tedo McNulty told him about Summeir: 86 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

marvellous ju-ju. The collector interviewed the boss boy, and somehow induced him to sell it, for a considerable sum.

When Summers returned, Tommy Farquhar had the old job waiting for him. But when Jack learned that his “wind Jesus” had disappeared, he refused to go pearling again. He argued that, having lost his ju-ju, he never would be able to control the lugger crews. * * * Jack went across to Daru, and became store manager for William Henry Luff. One evening, on the verandah of the Customs House, Jack told this story, and the Rev. Baxter Riley and I were in his little audience. The missionary expressed his great resentment at Jack’s use of the name “wind Jesus”. But Jack defended himself by saying that it was not his idea—that was the name by which it was known among the Mawatta villagers, and the name adopted later by his simple-minded lugger crews. He said he never could have gained his prestige—and his cargo of shell—if he had not used that name.

Young India of the South Seas W.H.O presents-

Health Notes

TRANQUILLISING

Drug Dangers

THE very rapidly increasing use of drugs described as tranquillisers has become a cause for concern in a number of countries, and experts of the World Health Organisation (WHO) believe that these drugs must be classed as potentially habit-forming.

The warning appears in the latest report of the WHO Committee on Addiction Producing Drugs.

Because they can produce habituation, and, under conditions of excessive use, a characteristic withdrawal symptom, tranquillisers resemble the barbiturates and should be subjected to national control, according to the WHO experts. Their continuing clinical use should be followed very closely for an eventual evaluation of their relation to public safety.

As regards barbiturates, the Committee noted that their consumption continues to increase and that the situation is not improving. Barbiturates are habit-forming, and in some circumstances can produce drugaddiction dangerous to public health.

The experts believe that measures to control barbiturates at the national level are sufficient at the present time, but need close attention and in some instances definite strengthening.

It is thought that all drugs which are used therapeutically for a tranquillising effect, to promote sleep or relieve anxiety, may be habitforming. Some drugs which are used for a central stimulating or exhilarating effect may also be habit-forming. With both types the essential factor presumably is improvement in the sense of well-being.

Habituation with these agents is not primarily or essentially an abuse, except that it may lead to unduly prolonged or excessive administration not related to symptomatic relief. Such excessive administration may result in physical dependence and development of a true addiction.

Pim Crossquiz No. 90

■SSrv ACROSS I,—What is the study of ancient writings and modes of writing? 7. —What is the surname of the authoress of "Sense and Sensibility"? 8. —Who is the sun god of Greek mythology? 9. —What is the garden county of England? 10. —Who painted "The Laughing Cavalier"? 11. —What bird was once only allowed to be kept by the king in Great Britain? 12. —What is the term for a print done in oil colours to imitate an oil-painting? 16.—Where is America's largest hotel—" The Fontainebleau" situated? 18. —What eye make-up first used by the ancient Egyptians is still in use to-day? 19. —What is the introduction of new words, or new senses of old words, into a language? 20. —Who was the almost legendary figure who dominated English cricket in the late 19th Century? 21.—Which famous German cruiser made the sounding in the Philippines Archipelago of the deepest ocean depth? —DO W N 1. —What is the term for aquatic organisms that float and drift? 2. —Of what American city is Hollywood a suburb? 3. —Who wrote "Roosevelt in Restrospect"? 4. —Whose diary was of particular interest for the insight it gave into the manners of the time it covered? 5. —What is the stretch of water between China Korea? 6. —The story of which courageous singer was told in the film "With a Song in My Heart"? 13. —What was the name of the statue with whom the legendary king Pygmalion fell in love? 14. —What musical direction indicates that a passage is to be played in a moderately slow, even manner? 15—Which English Test captain was bowled by Don Bradman in Adelaide? 17_ what is the term for a short pastoral poem dealing for the most part with rural characters and events? 18.—What title was applied to the three Wise Men who came from the East to visit the infant Jesus?

One of these days everyone will speak the same language and dress in the same way.

Which will be a pity. This cute young Indian miss of Suva, Fiji, has already got a foot in both worlds with her crochet bonnet and smocked dress —and a caste mark on her forehead.

Poonam Foto Studio. 87 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

This Month's New Reading—

Enemy More Deadly Than The Japs

Conducted by J.T.

ONE of the burdens that the white man in the tropics has happily cast off is the fear of malaria.

It seems a far cry from the days when novelists struck down their pith-helmeted heroes—named Carstairs or Trent—with a raging fever just as the savages were about to attack the camp.

Yet it is only since the Pacific war that the S-W Pacific Islands have been made comparatively safe from malaria to all-comers, providing they take their suppressives.

The story of part of that battle within a battle, before this state was achieved, is ably told in The Island Campaigns by Allan S.

Walker, Volume 111 in the medical series of Australia’s official war history.

Naturally enough the book, which is of 426 pages, is not designed for light holiday reading, yet its story is told clearly, and with an economy of words that takes the reader smoothly from Moresby and Milne Bay, up the New Guinea coast via New Britain and Bougainville, to Borneo—and details the medical problems along the way.

Dr. Walker has also put in a chapter telling of developments on the home front when sulphaguanidine, sulphamerazine and penicillin were successfully produced in Australia to help the Island campaigns.

As a result of these efforts, Australia, in 1944, was the first country to make enough penicillin to satisfy all service and civilian requirements.

There are battle highlights, as one would expect in a volume of war history; stories like the Japanese bombing of an Australian field hospital during the Gona campaign, with its big death roll; the struggle for the precipitous, heart-breaking Shaggy Ridge; the action of Sgt. W. Russell during the 2/7th attack on the Pimple, in successfully stitching a chest wound by the light of a cigarette within 20 yards of an enemy post.

There are also revealing sidelights, such as the fact that a troublesome skin eruption was traced to atebrin, which was then made for a time “one of the best kept secrets of the war”; and the medical opinion that 35 was the upper age limit for soldiering in difficult parts of New Guinea, with 20-30 the ideal age.

But the real highlight of the book is not a single episode but its main theme—the methods by which malaria and other diseases were fought.

In the Milne Bay fighting the incidence of malaria rose to 82 a thousand per week, a rate which would have wiped out the force in three months if it had not been checked by better controls and the substitution of atebrin for quinine.

Many things affected the incidence, including the strain on the troops in heavy fighting, when they were unable or too exhausted to take proper precautions.

But although the disease had been checked, the fight against malaria continued during the Huon and Markham-Ramu campaigns, with more men falling ill than were wounded. At one time, among forward troops of the 7th Division, malaria accounted for 90 per cent, of sickness, and 83 per cent, of all casualties, including battle casualties.

One field ambulance in the Markham found itself one morning with 805 patients—l,ooo men for breakfast—claimed as a record for patients held in any field ambulance during the war.

Just when things were looking better (that is, with skin diseases for the first time exceeding malaria cases!), the 6th Division in the Aitape-Wewak area suddenly went down with malaria to the extent of 44 per thousand a week, and increased disciplinary measures were unable to hold it.

The measures themselves, in fact, caused bitterness among officers, some of whom insisted it was bad for the men’s morale to get them to stand in line while an officer put atebrin tablets in each man’s mouth, saw him swallow them and then inspected the inside of his mouth to make sure they had gone down.

Later, it was found that a malaria strain resistant to atebrin was present in the area.

Dr. Walker points out in an epilogue that Australia must henceforth bear an increasing share in the study and practice of tropical medicine, and to that extent this volume tells the beginning of a continuing story.

The volume has more than 140 maps, diagrams, and illustrations; the maps are particularly good.— S.I. (Published by Australian War Memorial, Australian price, 35/-.) Ancient Man in the 20ih Century THE 3,000 nomadic aborigines of Arnhem Land have 10 square miles apiece in which to roam, and such is the nature of this barren country, they surely need it.

In 1931, about 34,000 square miles of the square hump of northern Australia, east and south of Darwin to the Roper River, bounded on one side by the Gulf of Carpentaria, was declared an Aboriginal Reserve.

That the declaration of such a huge area caused few ripples on the Australian duck-pond can probably be attributed to the fact that Arnhem Land was generally regarded as worthless, rather than to any awakening conscience in the average Australian over the fate of the remnants of the aborigines.

All over the South Pacific, one almost inevitable result of culture clash between European and native has been the early dying back of native populations, but nowhere has it been so marked as with the Australian aborigine.

The aborigine has a complex social system, fanatical attachment to his traditional hunting grounds and areas sacred to his spiritual beliefs. Coupled with these, was a far greater invasion of European settlers than ever occurred in the Pacific islands. Deprived of his reason for being, the aborigine simply ceased to be.

To-day the natives have virtually gone from the Southern States of Australia and live only in the more remote barren fringes where they carry on their traditional way of life.

Here, however, they are at last again increasing.

At the same time as the aboriginal reserve was declared in Arnhem Land it was decided that some sort of buffer would be set up—a buffer through which the natives would nave their first contacts with European culture, when and as they wished. The Methodist Missionary Society provided the buffers on the north-east corner with mission stations at Groote Eylandt, to the south; at Milingimbi in the north; and finally at Yirrkala, half-way between the first two, and near Cape Arnhem.

To establish Yirrkala, the mission chose Mr. and Mrs. Wilbur Chaseling and it is from Mr. Chaseling that we now get a very readable book about these people of Arnhem Land.

He has called it Yulengor— which he says, is the general race-term j applied by the natives of East; Arnhem Land to all nomads.

Although the writer is a missionary 1 —his headquarters are now at the i Methodist Overseas Mission imSyd- ■ ney—this is not a book of missionary enterprise; there is scarcely a men- ■ tion of converting the heathen. Mr..

Chaseling has said that he has tried J to let the aborigines speak for them- ■ selves, and this he has done ad- mirably, colouring his book by neither sentiment nor prejudice.

In the preface to the book he-s says: Beside the backwaters of the untamed fc north, Stone Age nomads continue their age- less life and timeless practices.

Little is known of the Australian aboriginal I 88 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Colgate Dental Cream is Australia’s largest America’s largest the world’s largest selling dental cream except, that in the Stone Age he broke away or was driven out from the rest of the human race and wandered to Australia. He possessed a continent at the cost of becoming isolated from the rest of the human race. Other nomadic hunters evolved into pastoralists or agriculturalists but the aboriginal was denied normal development, for neither Stone Agenomad nor modern scientist has succeeded in adapting (Australian) indigenous food-plants to everyday needs, and no Australian animal has been domesticated.

Mr. Chaseling’s story of the Yulengor as they were, and are, naturally brings up the question of the future of these people. Can the remnants be saved? Without delving into the ancilliary question— saved for what? —it now seems: likely that they can.

The buffers provided through the mission stations are now over a generation old and their influence can be gauged.

There is no restriction put on, liberty of the nomads, but there: are signs that they, like most other primitives, could turn from nomadic existence to that of more settled: agriculture. In time.

Around the missions they have been encouraged to build simple; houses of available material; to; cultivate with simple tools. Medical aid is available and this has helped; to save lives —particularly infant lives. Tribal warfare, if not altogether wiped out, is actively discouraged in the sphere of mission influence, and this, too, has saved lives.

Alien penetration of Arnhem Land has in the past been small, the areai being of little interest to anyone except shell poachers, fishing luggers (on the coast) and stray scientists and prospectors in the interior. The entry of prospecting parties is strictly controlled by the Northern Territory administration—and little of moment has been achieved until recently.

Deposits of bauxite (the raw material of aluminium) on Wessel: Island off the north coast are now regarded as valuable; and in the Solution to Crossquiz from Page 87 90 SEPTEMBER. 1857 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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Offices all Capital Cities, Newcastle and Launceston :iast few months, even more valuable deposits of the sames mineral on the Arnhem Land mainland have ireceived considerable publicity ( PIM, -June, p. 20).

Whether the introduction of a large industry of this sort could be set-up without having repercussions on the tribal life of these people remains to be seen. If, in this case, it can be sealed off it will be a complete reversal of the usual form that big industry takes, and of a minor miracle.

The development of the aluminium industry—if it eventuates —will certainly be watched with interest by many who have had the Arnhem Land Aboriginal Reserve experiment at heart. In the meantime, Yulengor gives an admirable picture of the foundation on which the future building in the area must be done. (Published by Epworth Press. Distributed by ''Mm. Heinemann. Australian price, 26/-.) Canton Exit ifpHERE is something dimly rem- JL iniscent of Nevile Shute (in the days when he confined himself to aircraft and air-services) in the .•second novel of Andrew Geer — Canton Airlift. But at aircraft level, the resemblance disappears and the story becomes completely American, the chief character being a tailoredto-fit Clark Gable role: A male partways noble, part rat, rough, tough, gambling on his own luck, shrewd, and decidedly not overscruplous in seizing the main chance.

The other characters—apart from those who are reserved for pure nobility—are in somewhat lesser shadings of the above pattern.

For all that, the book is excellent of its type—quite the best action story since Guns Of Navarone of a few months back.

Jeff Jordan was one of the original Flying Tigers but at the end of the official war in the Far East, he had managed to collect together (by rather dubipus means) some wardisposals aircraft. As the story opens, he is operating his own service out of Canton cashing in on the last of the civil war in China as Chiang Kai Shek’s forces are making steady “strategic withdrawals” from the Chinese mainland—ultimate destination Formosa Like Jordan himself, his pilots— mostly Americans with a few Chinese —were also soldiers of fortune and these were the complicating and unknown factors in Jordan’s scheme for making a quick fortune, Into the story also come the devoted English doctor and the unscrupulous Chinese merchant, both of whom unwisely believed that they would be respected by the Com-

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Associated with COLYER WATSON PTY., LTD., Sydney, COLYER WATSON & CO. LTD., Wellington, Melbourne, Brisbane, Fremantle Auckland, Christchurch munists when Canton ultimately fell; the Duchess, destitute relict Of a White Russian; Meng Wong the River Lady who is the big voice in the operations of all the junks in South China; and Mary Stuart, the beautiful Eurasion from Singapore, whose reason for being in the story never quite rings true.

As a love interest had to be introduced into the story—to give Jordan something other than money to think about—it might have been done much more easily than in this way.

Having spurned Jordan in Singapore some years previously, and spurning him again in Canton, it remains something of a mystery why Mary turned up in that particular place. In matters of the heart, the author is apparently determined that fiction is a great deal stranger than truth.

Canton finally falls to the Communists, Jordan meantime having moved his headquarters to Hongkong. The climax of the story comes when he and the river people move back into the fallen city to try to rescue those who, not believing that the Reds could be as bad as painted by Nationalist propaganda, remained behind.

You need to be without any antipathy for tough Americana for this—but with this proviso the average reader will find Canton Airlift a fast-moving and entertaining piece of adventure fiction. (Published by Wm. Collins, Ltd. Australian jrice, 18/9.J Independence- Feminine Gender ONE can wonder, after reading Ronald Kirkbride’s Jenny Wren why, having gone to so much trouble to gain The Vote, women have done so very little with it.

Much of this story concerns the pre-World War I activities of British suffragettes: street brawls, gaol, hunger-strikes, forced-feeding and so forth. The ladies’ sufferings for the Cause were considerable but mostly forgotten now, two generations later. Possibly our grandfathers, who so vigorously opposed political freedom for their women, predicted the direct consequences from the new-fangled notion of letting untutored females vote. They need not have worried, as events have turned out. Militant feminism seems to have burned itself out by the end of the First War and most women of 1957 are as politically apathetic as their Early Victorian ancestors. Which perhaps is a pity.

The best parts of Jenny Wren are the sequences that deal with those days when these hardy souls, some men as well as women, and regarded as political radicals, bucked polite society with the idea of raising the status of the female above that of domestic chattel. For the rest, it is a queer conglomeration of disjointed superficial episodes which lead to a conclusion that is completely improbable.

Miss Jenny Wren, an elderly spinster, lives in a genteel boarding house in London. It is only when

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The secret of masterly distilling, maintained through the years, is the reason why to-day, as ever, Gordon’s Gin stands supreme. 6501 a young American playwright wants to turn a long-forgotten book she has written into a musical comedy, that her unusual early life emerges.

This is the general theme of the story but onto this early 20th century canvas, the author has flung, like some surrealistic design, additions of post-War II vintage. A bit of Lesbianism; a few hearty dollops of more normal sex; a bit of post-war Austerity; and some pseudo-Americanism—as though the author were writing to a formula designed to interest as many varieties of reader as possible.

It would have been a much better piece of work if Master Kirkbride had given us a straight story of Jenny Wren—who alone amongst the characters appears human—and left out the extraneous bits and pieces. (Published by Angus and Robertson, Ltd.

Australian price, 16/-.) Love, etc., etc., etc.

THE writer of the spiritual novel has a considerably harder task these days than his literary grandfather of a half-century ago when values were more easily and dogmatically expressed in plain black and white.

The religious or spiritual motif is usually left exclusively to the sentimental-mush treatment of Reader’s Digest type. Although the longer treatments are also done mostly by Americans —which may perhaps be considered significant.

William E. Barrett (The Left Hand of God ) makes a better fist of it than most and in his latest book, The Sudden Strangers, produces a credible story of contemporary American life into which emotional conflict and religious scruple are skilfully woven. 94

September, 1857 Pacific Islands Monthly*

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W. C. DOUGLASS LIMITED, Box 512. G.P.0., Sydney, Australia However, as in real life, church dogma does not solve all.

Should Dorinda, mid d 1 e-aged musical comedy star, continue therefore to eschew marriage (and “live in sin”) with Carter Brill because the Catholic Church says that she is still married to a Mcßride — although said Mcßride has these many years been Brother Anselm, inmate of a monstary? Author Harrett does not solve this problem.

Meantime, Bart Mcßride, a professional baseball player, and son of Dorinda and Brother Anselm, somewhat adrift on a sea of his own -emotions, falls in love with Mary.

It takes 330 pages to straighten Bart and Mary out and although the same pages do nothing permanent for Dorinda, at least they give an interesting enough account of American life and show-business.

This is not one of those books that “make you think”; possibly, (as far as this reviewer is concerned anyway) because it is hard to take a professional baseball player too seriously. (Published by Wm. Heinemann, Ltd. Australian price, 20/-.) To Be a Sailor-Boy (Second Class) IN the continuing spate of factual war-books, one sometimes needs a microscope—or a crystal-ball— to sift the good from the f.a.q.

For no perceptible reason, Home Is the Sailor (John Whelan) n above the average class, presented with a natural exuberance, considerable humour and an easy style, to tell the story of a youngster of middle-class Welsh parents who joins the Navy (lower deck division) for a 14 years’ stretch in the days of peace.

Before service is more than half completed, war intervenes and the tempo quickens—although this is mostly incidential to life in Wheelan’s Navy.

He joined in 1932 at the age of 16, on the lowest rung of the nautical ladder, Boy, Second-Class, at 5/3 per week. He emerged at the other end of the stretch as a Petty Officer.

Therefore this is no dramatic story of giddy promotion to officerclass; but an often humorous tale of considerable entertainment value based on the life, fears, aspirations, pleasures and endurance of plain sailors, gun-layers and technicians in home waters or in foreign parts. (Published by Angus and Robertson, Ltd.

Australian price, 16/-.) Vive Le Roi!

STEINBECK fans of the Grapes of Wrath, Cannery Row variety ' will probably not admire such departure from tradition as The Short Reign of Pippin IV.

If you are not normally for Steinbeck, however, this piece of fantasy may change your mind—in spite of the fact that 5,000 book reviewers have already gone on record to say such satire is not the Master at his best.

To those without prejudice, it is a delightfully extravangant leg-pull based on the absurdities of French politics; with a broad slap at American bounce in business; and a jab at British tradition.

To get the multi-partied French Parliament out Of a hopeless deadlock, it is decided to restore the monarchy. In order to avoid the problems attendant on more recent history, it is decided to go far back —t° Charlemagne, in fact. In the person of a retiring, middle-aged amateur astronomer is found a direct descendant, and he is persuaded (wife and daughter assistmg) to accept the French throne as „^ P ? ir ? IV ' .. „ .

What happens thereafter affords Master Steinbeck plenty of opportumty to sharpen his pen (or bend on . ™ost of th e Gallic institutions, inhibitions, and lack of same> (Published by Wm. Heinemann, Ltd. Australian price, 15/6.) (Over) 95

Pacific Islands Monthly— September. 1957

B R COLONIAL N So T E m ?> e< VOo°tv e MW’ rr0 * CORNED u

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Available in 12-oz., and 2-lb. cans.

Products of THE COLONIAL WHOLESALE MEAT CO. PTY. LTD.

Canning Factory:

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N.S. W., AUSTRALIA

Telephone: Um 8436. Cables: "Woolmill," Sydney

96 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

» wui in blending that makes Shrffok Cream whisk/ outstanding o 2 Merchyork". Phone; BX 6091.

Far Better Fate Than Death THE sea is in a rollicking mood this month. As well as Home Is the Sailor aforesaid, it has washed up A Wren Called Smith, by Alexander Fullerton, which contains one passage of somewhat stark tragedy and a larger quantity of something else which will enhance the author’s reputation for providing light entertainment.

The time is late in the Pacific War; the place is the Philippines; the characters are nautical —including, of course, Mary Lou, the Wren called Smith. The only other lady in the piece is the Norwegian freighter Gangerolf, commanded by Captain Harry Christiansen, who believed that whatever was woman’s place, it was not on board his ship.

On board Gangerolf, when she left Subic Bay, were Bill Dsrby, a British submarine captain returning to the UK for medical boarding; Lieutenant-Commander Witheringham, an ineffectual piece of aermanent Navy equipment who had apparently been mislaid in far parts Df the globe by the Admiralty; Captain Spatter, of the US Navy, who was in charge of 30 Germans whose U-Boat had been sunk; and, of course, Mary Lou, the only Wren in the Philippines amongst 40,000 aen, most of them Yanks. Maybe they were sending her home for her own good.

Mary Lou was young, very pretty, with a natural gift for what she called having fun, but above all she was a woman who could face up to realities. It was the last talent that provides the focal point of the whole story—and its surprise ending.

Gangerolf had not proceeded very far on her voyage before she met a Japanese submarine. The survivors reached an island, and this is really where the fun commenced: it was playing at desert islands with a difference and although not according to Navy ethics, it is amusing. (Published by Peter Davies, Ltd. Australian price, 17/-.) Australian Shop Window THE very highest grade work in book production can now be done —and is done —in Australia.

And one of the glossiest jobs that we have ever seen has recently been edited and produced by Oswald L.

Ziegler—with the active co-operation of long-established publishers and printing trade suppliers and State and Federal Government departments.

Obviously designed as a shopwindow for Australia, it is the kind 97 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

TURNERS & GROWERS LTD.

Auctioneers Fruit & Produce Merchants

Auckland New Zealand

We Specialise In The Export To The Tropics

OF NEW ZEALAND PRODUCE, POTATOES, ONIONS,

Apples And Fruits In Season

All Inquiries to our Export Organisation: Turners Supply Company Limited Box 1370, Cables: Auckland, N.Z. “Tusco,” Auckland SINCE 1890 , SUPPLIERS

To The Pacific Islands

AGENCIES: Canadian Salmon.

Japanese Textiles.

Japanese Fish, Crab & Oysters.

Dutch Herrings & Sardines.

Dutch Canned Hams & Meats.

Dutch Condensed Milk.

British Mining Hand Tools.

British Garden Tools.

Etc. £i.aVr Eur, ope To Sth.

Africa Associated with W. S. TAI7 (Hong Kong) Co. 67 & a YEARS &'s 7Td o o From Japan Po r THROUGH TAIT CO PTY LTD SYDNEY Yiji Hebrides To the New To New Caledonia For All Your Requirements W. S. TAIT & Co. Pty. Ltd.

S Spring Street.

Sydney, NSW, Australia of fare that would turn the wavering migrant’s footsteps southward; or inspire the tourist to put Australia on his lift of “must” travel.

It shows, in picture and story, the best that Australia has to offer by enlisting the aids and arts of the pictorial, typographical and journalistic professions.

It covers all phases of life, history, Industry, culture and development In the Commonwealth in a large and lavish book, containing hundreds of black and white and colour photographs and without advertising, in the usual sense. As book production costs go these days, we should say that at £2/10 -, it comes within the bargain bracket.

If one is inclined to spend this sort of money on overseas relatives and friends, we cannot imagine a better gift for those who might be interested in the land Down Under; it should also be an invaluable reference book for schools and libraries overseas —particularly in the Pacific Islands, where ties with Australia are strong. (Our copy from Angus and Robertson, Ltd.) War Among the Neutrals Kenneth dodson's first book, Away All Boats, received the modern writer’s accolade: it was made into a movie. It was a novel of the American attack transports in the Pacific war and, as we said at the time, rather unique for an American novel in that it contained no women.

The writer has made good the deficiency in his second novel, Stranger to the Shore, recently published.

The time is still the wartime 1940’5; the service still that of th. sea; but this time it is in a Merchani Navy ship and a great deal of th. action takes place in port.

Kurt Mueller (American) waj carpenter on Cape Falcon ; Cap\ Falcon was in a technically neutm 98 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL*

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SO HANDSOME —there are two models: the new hostmaster, a design very much of to-day in a choice of four rich colours; Dove Grey, Old Gold, Ruby and Emerald —and the De Luxe streamline in gleaming chrome, with red, black or green trim. ’ r k Limn at

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outh American port, loading cargo Dr San Francisco after a long assage across the Jap infested acific.

Mueller was a quiet, retiring man ho avoided trouble when possible nd he was not much struck with uerto Felicidad and would not have one ashore if he had not been urged y a solicitous captain to “stretch is legs.”

Once ashore, Kurt becomes mixedp with pro-Nazis, fell in love with girl in a cafe, who has run away •om a mis-spent youth; got across 7e necks of the town’s Big Noise; as beaten up by thugs; killed the lllain; was put in gaol and, finally, i a yawl conducts a running en- Dunter with a German raider.

It will be observed that it is a □ok of considerable action. Readers r ho enjoyed Away All Boats will kewise enjoy this. (Published by Angus and Robertson, Ltd. jstralian price, 17/6.) eviewed Briefly . . .

CONFLICT: Reprint of the book üblished first in 1934; written by . V. Timms before he returned ome to Australia and devoted himflf to writing an Australian saga, his is an historical romance, the Dene being mostly Mediterranean — DUthern France and Italy. The tory concerns the doings of a lysterious Englishman and the raids f Muslim pirates using red galleys 3wed by slaves. (Published by Angus and Robertson, Ltd. ustralian price, 16/-.) THE MAN FROM OODNADATTA: ly R. B. Plowman, is also a rerint, having first appeared in 1933. , second edition was printed in 937; this is the third. It tells of he padre who visited his 2,500 quare-mile parish in Australia’s entre using a string of camels for tie 5 months’ task. In the intervenig years much has changed in the Jentre: flying-doctors, air-transtortation, sealed highways and a Durist industry. But any Australian ook that runs into three editions s something of a classic and the tory still has plenty of interest. (Published by Angus and Robertson, Ltd. ustralian price, 20/-.) THE SHEPHERD, represents an ttempt by Robert Payne, who has litherto written mostly about China md the Far East, to portray the arly life of Jesus of Nazareth. It 3 planned as the first of three books nd covers the period from his childlood as the son of a prosperous larpenter, to his Baptism in the brdan and his proclamation by his :ousin Yona as the Messiah long iwaited by the Jews.

The story of Jesus has been preented in many ways; whether the Jresent version will do anything for he cause of Christianity is doubtful. r or our money, we could have dispensed with the Old Testament manifestations —pillars of fire, black panthers, white flames, storms that shook the heavens, etc. —which accompanied moments of crisis in the Shepherd’s life. (Published by Wm. Heinemann. Australian price, 18/-.) What's New in Pocket Books New Pan and Fontana books, which should be available in your local book shops now, include the following large batch (our copies from Wm. Collins (Overseas) Ltd.) : GOLF BOOK. (Louis T. Stanley).

An original, published especially for Fontana tells you how to reduce your handicap; simple text and over 100 drawings and photographs.

NAUGHT FOR YOUR COMFORT, by Father Trevor Huddleston, the Anglican priest who became world famous when he bucked the Afrikans government of South Africa over its racial policy. Fr. Huddleston for 12 years ministered to the negro slum of Sophiatown, outside Johannesburg. He became non persona grata with the Government, and raised the ire of many white South Africans although to the natives he remained The Dauntless One. He was recalled to England in April, 1956. Over (Continued on page 117) 99 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

BURNS PHILP (SOUTH SEA) CO. LTD.

Registered Office: SUVA, Fiji Code Address: “BURNSOUTH.”

General Merchants And Shipowners

F» • • Suva.

Levuka.

Lautoka, Labasa.

BRANCHES: Samoa Ba. Apia.

Sigatoka. Pago Pago.

Tavua.

Rotuma Island.

Norfolk Island. Niue Island.

Agents for:— Tonga:- Nukualofa.

Haapai.

Vavau. • Queensland Insurance Co. Ltd. • Burns Philp Trust Co. Ltd.

Shell Company (P. 1.) Ltd.

ALSO AGENTS AND REPRESENTATIVES FOR: • N. V. Appelton Pty. Ltd. (Naco Sunsash Louvres). • Ardath Tobacco Co. • Associated British Oil Engines (Exp.) Ltd. • A. J. Caley & Sons (Confectionery). • Dunlop Rubber Co. Ltd. • Ferguson Tractors (Exp.) Ltd. • General Motors-Holden's Ltd. • Charles Hope Ltd.-Cold Flame Refrigerators. • Hercules Cycle & Motor Co. Ltd. • Huntley & Palmers Ltd. (Biscuits). • International Harvester Co. • Jantzen (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. • Joseph Lucas (Exp.) Ltd. • S. Maw Son & Sons (Surgical Dressings). • McAlpine Refrigeration Ltd. • McLeay Duff & Co. (Whisky). • Mullard (Overseas) Ltd. (Radios). • O'Cedar Ltd. (Oils & Mops). • S.F. Appliances Ltd. • Slazengers (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. • Sleepmakers Pty. Ltd. ® Standard Motor Co. • Stewarts & Lloyds (Aust.) Pty. Ltd.

Shipping, Customs and Shipping Agents for THE NEW ZEALAND SHIPPING CO.

LTD. (Regular First Class, One Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEALAND PORTS to UNITED KINGDOM, via PANAMA.) SHAW SAVILL & ALBION CO. LTD. (Regular First Class, One Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEALAND PORTS to the UNITED KINGDOM, via PANAMA; and via AUSTRALIAN PORTS and SOUTH AFRICA.) PORT LINE LTD. (One Class Passenger Services from NEW ZEA-

Land Ports To United Kingdom, Via

PANAMA.)

Compagnie Des Mes S Ageries

MARITIME S (Regular First Class and Tourist Class Passenger Services from FRENCH OCEANIA to MAR- SEILLES, via PANAMA.)

Bank Line Limited

British India Steam Navigation

CO. LTD.

Also INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION REPRESENTATIVES for QANTAS EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD.

TASMAN EMPIRE AIRWAYS LTD.

Transports Aeriens Intercontinental

100

September, 1957 Pacific Islands Monthlif

TO KEEP

White Clothes

Sparkling White!

Reckitt's Blue • To Islands Cordial-makers . . . Pastrycooks . . . Confectioners . . . Canners . . .

: Ollow The Example Of

Mjstrali A'S Leading Food Processors

/Vho For 30 Years Have Consistently

JSED

Gold Badge

Fine Quality

ESSENCES G O LD BADGE BRAN AND 3, LTD.

CO Samples are available for manufacturers

And Edible Colours •

Ne are Flavouring Specialists producing highly concentrated soluble essences for the food ndustries and invite your enquiries, direct, or through your usual buying channels.

KEITH HARRIS & CO. LTD.

Sefton Rood, Thornleigh, N.S.W. 1015 Ann Street, Valley N. 1., Q Id Cables: Kehar, Sydney. Cables: Keharbris, Brisbane.

Numerous mineral prospectors have nvaded the group and are charterfa‘goU v r e S transport 01 There will be other activity, too, as Japanese fishing vessels presently commence supplying the new tuna freezer at Palikula. (Over) "Naruta", old Japanese tanker, with the Hong Kong tug "Golden Cape", which towed her [?] Japan in July from Rabaul where she has had an up-and-down existence since the Pacific War [?]ombed by the Allies during the war, she was submerged and raised alternatively several [?]mes. A few years ago she was offered at auction—but bids did not reach the reserve. She [?]as raised again by the Japanese salvage team operating in Rabaul, and patched up for the [?]w back to Japan. 101 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957 fhis Month's Shipping News (Continued from Pag« 67)

Manufacturers for over 50 years of tough, relia "S. & L" PIPES and FITTINGS specially made GAS, WATER, STEAM and other purposes.

Distributors, also, of GALVANISED IRON—pi or corrugated, NUTS and BOLTS, ELECTRON

And Welding Equipment —John Val'

And Saunders Valves (Specially Sui"

FOR DIFFICULT FLUIDS).

Fiji Agents

Burns Philp (Ss) Co. Ltd. Suv

Gillespie’s Anchor Flour is milled from selected high quality Australian wheats and is entoleted for purity. Its consistent high quality has made it the best-known, most asked-for brand of flour in the Islands. (Entoletion is a special new purifying process which reduces the risk of insect infection).

GILLESPIE'S NCHOR FLOUR GILLESPIE BROS. PTY. LTD., ANCHOR FLOUR MILLS, SYDNEY Cable Address: Gillespie, Sydney. G. 1.97

Competition In Time-Sigs

For years Pacific navigators have heen well served by the US National Bureau of Standards’ time-signal station WWV, at Washington, DC, and relay station WWVH, at Kaneohe, Hawaiian Islands.

This past winter the Pacific coverage has been further augmented by a comparitive newcomer, on the same frequencies—JJY, Tokio, whose voice announcement every five minutes has been cleverly arranged to quickly follow the American voice announcement. Occasionally, too, the English station MSF is heard coming through.

Those Ocean Cables

Another voice heard much on the maritime R T frequencies during August was the British cable ship Ocean Layer talking with Hanama Bay cable station as she steadily trailed a multi-million-dollar telephone cable out across the Pacific between Hawaii and the West Coast of North America. She and another ship will soon meet midway to splice their separate cables.

At about the same time it was announced from London that an International conference will be held in Hamburg this year to discuss the increasing problem of fishing vessels fouling and breaking the ocean cable in the Atlantic and North Sea with their trawling gear.

A Portuguese fishing fleet had just then caused havoc to five of the seven cables between the UK ant US off Newfoundland. The trawler' cannot free their gear from tlu cables, once fouled, so haul them uj 102 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Inquiries Are Invited

Concerning the Distribution and Sale of All Types of Merchandise in the Pacific Islands ★

We Are Australian Agents For—

MILLERS LTD., Fiji. 8.5.1. TRADING CORPORATION G. & E.I.C. WHOLESALE SOCIETY, Tarawa.

MAX HALECK, Pago Pago, American Samoa.

Original Invoices Supplied. Quotations on Request. ★ MORRIS HEDSTROM (Aust.) Pty. Ltd.

Island Merchants

Wales House, 27 O'Connell St., Sydney.

Box No. 251**, G.P.0., Sydney. Cable Address: "MORSTROM”, Sydney.

BANKERS: BANK OF NEW ZEALAND, SYDNEY. id cut them adrift with axes, thus lusing thousands of pounds of image in delays and costly work 7 cable ships.

A PIM correspondent who served radio operator in a Milford Haven awler in 1938, saw such cables cut irift several times in waters 200 iles south of Ireland.

Faces Are Red

The world’s marine surveyors seem have been thrown into confusion t a test report from Denmark, con- •med by carefully conducted tests r the South African Society of aster Mariners, showing that the andard kapok life jacket is useless r its purpose in oil-covered waters, lich is a normal situation in many rms of marine disaster.

Such life jackets must normally pport 16 h lb of lead (equal to the erage load of a floating man) in esh water, for 24 hours. Tests have >w shown that in an oil pollution 1-in-40, such jackets sink in am 16 to 50 seconds, depending on e type of oil. Linen covers have ghtly better performance than tton.

Cork fillings are uneffected by oil. ;rtain plastic fillings are useless, it other bubble-type plastics and Ratable rubber jackets are OK.

How these facts escaped the supsedly eagle eye of marine safety perts through two world wars is yond comprehension, but it now ipears almost certain that the pok jacket’s days are numbered.

Lilos Saved By Sustained

EFFORT We have received the following e-witness account of the stranding -d refloating of the MV “Milos ”, the Australian West Pacific Line, lich went up on the outer reef, inikoro, Santa Cruz Group, BSIP, • August 12: Milos, southbound from the Far ust to Australia, was calling at nikoro to load logs from the Kauri mber Co.

When she grounded on the reef the entrance to Pallu passage, lich is the main entrance through e reef into the lagoon at Vanikoro was a nearly full tide. The Master, iptain Gustav Paulsson, immediely used every effort and tried ery method known to him to get e vessel off under her own power, there was no other vessel in the ea to assist, and the Company d nothing heavy enough to help in greatly.

Company labour, launches and barges were put at his disposal and every possible assistance was extended to him.

After many confusing rumours from various radio centres concerning what help was available and was coming to the rescue, an American MV "Nikau" of Suva, built on the Clyde in [?]07 (gross tonnage 248.22, net 97.18), shown Vila Harbour, New Hebrides (see p. 103, [?]y PIM). Now the BP flagship in that Group, [?]e arrived there in June from Suva, and re- [?]aced "Moala". "Nikau" herself was pur- [?]ased last year in NZ to replace "Vasu" — [?]ich sank on a voyage between Apia and va.

Photo: Capt. Brett Hilder. 103 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Showroom "Twins" u* 13 Lie & but only one still has “new car” performance «.i I &S J C&ro .... the reason ? one has been run on “just any oil” but the other has had the engine protection only CASTROL can give.

CASTROL Insist on Castrol - by name !

“The Masterpiece In Oils”

104 SEPTEMBER, 1967 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLT

IfYOOIM YOOUIOM coiM% LAGER

Export Specim

mrtTfo* g^yoo//^ce tie J/#ere*ce For your protection On cuts and scratches; in the sick room from which infection may spread; for first aid and children’s injuries; for feminine hygiene, use Dettol. % When you use Dettol you follow the example of most doctors, hospitals and nursing homes.

DETTOL REGD The Safe Way to Safety 'Javy Stores ship, ;he Virgo, arrived jn the night of \ugust 15, and on ;h e morning of L6th the Comnander and his >ffi c e r s went hoard Milos and, if ter a conference pith Captain ’aulsson, decided o make an at- -empt to pull Milos off with the ligh-tide at about f p.m.

For the whole ►f the 5 days the hip was aground, he Captain, his Officers and the :rew had worked :ontinuously with rery little sleep or est, to trim holds, ettison cargo, ,nd do all the other work associated nth an operation such as this and n their efforts they were assisted o a very great extent by all the Cauri employees available.

The BSIP Government vessel Melanesian also arrived early on the norning of 16th, but she was too small to be of any great assistance.

On the one occasion that she did get alongside Milos, her mast became tangled in the ship’s derricks and she had to be pulled off by the Company tug.

With Milos trimmed to suit the attempt to pull her off and every- The Carr family's 60 ketch "Havfruen [?]II", now in the Pacific see p. 114).

Phone: M. R. Hart. 105

Pacific Islands Monthly September. 1»57

Etablissements Donald Tahiti

HEAD OFFICE QUAI DU COMMERCE PAPEETE.

Telegraphic Address; “DONALD, PAPEETE”.

General Merchants (Wholesale Cr Retail) fir Shipowners Importers fir Exporters Branches Throughout the Marquesas Islands ASSOCIATE HOUSES: A. B. Donald, Ltd., Auckland. N.Z.; A. B. Donald, Ltd., Rarotonga, Cook Is.; Dominion Fruit Co., Suva, Fiji.

Lloyd’s Agents.

Booking and Handling Agents for Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd.

A gents and Distributors for: FRANCE: Hennessy Cognacs; Marie Brizard & Roger Liqueurs; Charles Hiedsieck Champagnes; Gruber Beer.

NEW ZEALAND: Vacuum Oil Co. (N.Z.), Ltd., Petroleum Products.

SWEDEN: Hjorth & Co., Primus Stoves; Elektrolux Refrigerators & Motors.

GERMANY: Breckwoldt & Co., Hamburg; Beck’s Beer, Bremen.

U.S.A.: General Steamship Corp.; Radio Corp. of America; Brown & Williamson, Ltd.; Cigarettes: Lucky Strike. Wings; Champion Spark Plug Co.; Steelcote Paints & Lacquers: Remington Rand Inc.

ENGLAND: Reckitt & Coleman (Overseas), Ltd.; Hercules Bicycles; The Bank Line, Ltd.; The Shaw Savill & Albion Company, Ltd. «£^ y „ Agents: BURNS - PHILP & CO.. LTD. San Francisco Agents: BURNSp H*LP co - op S AN FRANCISCO. INC. London Agents: BURNS. PHILP & CO., LTD. Agents in France: HARTH & CIE, PARIS; A. BICKART, MARSEILLES. 9$ & £ O 4 <■o o ■ , -~ PLANTATION Over 60 Years Experience as SHIP OWNERS - ISLAND MERCHANTS -

Importers & Exporters

Merchandise Purchased For Clients From All Parts Of The World At Best Factory & Wholesale Prices.

Cocoa Beans, Coffee, Trocas Shell And All Island Produce Sold on World Markets At Best Prices.

Original invoices supplied—Quotations on request.

SOLE AGENTS FOR: Skandia Marine Diesel Engines.

Archimedes Outboard Motors.

Aster Canned Fish.

El Trust Shot Guns.

Van Zweiten Canned Fish.

DISTRIBUTORS OF: Trade Blankets—Hurricane Lanterns.

Bicycles—Sewing Machines.

Bush Knives—Cotton Piece Goods—Copra Sacks.

Fishing Lines.

And All Trade Requirements.

Take Advantage of Our Branch Office : NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LIMITED. Stanley St. f South Brisbane—Cables “Ivan,” Brisbane. or our N.G. Representatives RABAUL HOTEL & TRADING CO. LIMITED, Rabaul, New Guinea Cables “Ivan”, Rabaul.

Nelson And Robertson Pty. Ltd

HOUSE, 197 CLARENCE ST., SYDNEY.

Cables: "Ivix*”, Sydney.

BOX 5316 G.P.O. thing in readiness, the American vessel, having made a trial run along the edge of the reef, made ready for the real thing and at about 3 p.m. she commenced her run.

The handling of the ship was perfect in every detail, creeping along, dead on line with not a hair’s breadth variation from her course, skirting the reef so as to pass Milos’ stern with no more than 70 or 80 yards to spare.

We in the Company launch, sitting in between the two ships waiting for the firing line so that we could pick it up should it fall short, witnessed every move at very close range and the highest possible praise must be given to the Commander and his navigators for the magnificent exhibition of seamanship shown in the run in.

The line was fired and fell short; we picked it up and raced to Milos with it, heaving it aboard, where it was pulled in. A succession of heavier lines were sent aboard until the towing rope was finally made fast.

In the meantime, Virgo had continued on her course until she was amidships the stern of Milos, when she commenced her starboard turn until she was stern to stern to the grounded vessel, whose crew were working like demons to get the line positioned and fast in time for Virgo to take the strain.

We watched the line gradually tighten; lift out of the water, take the strain, then dip a little, tighten again—and then snap like a piece of cotton!

It looked as though the attempt was a failure and we went aboard Milos to see if there was any more we could do, as the night was coming down and we wanted to get in. side the reef before dark.

The crew was busy heaving ir the broken line to clear the pro< peller so that an attempt could again be made on the morning tide We got away and were on our in through the passage in the half 106 SEPTEMBER, 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Emu Lti Fort

The First Name

In Selfwinding

AND % WATERPROOF WATCHES .

SS« 100 h ->■ & 1 / © ® s 100% WATERPROOF hock-protected timagnetic f WINDING >e4a^cs£<7>ruz&c Distributed by: — ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD., 22 Young St., Sydney Through:—SUVA: Wlddowson & Mayne SAMOA: s. V Mackenzie & Co. Ltd COOK IS.: United Island Traders . TONGA; P. Bhagwan PAPUA ana NEW GUINEA: Robert Gillespie (New Guinea), Ltd. ' ght, and turning for a final look t Milos, when we saw with amazetent that she had swung her stern ght away round from her position Ground, and that her engines were at out, with the propeller thrashig the water, as Captain Paulsson lade a final attempt on the high ater to get his ship off.

Then off she came and we, who ad witnessed the drama frof* 1 ° e “ Inning, were filled with all the reef that comes with seeing a fine lip saved, and with admiration for ie courage and devotion of tne iaptain, officers and crew, who had ot for one hour halted in then [forts to re-float their vessel.

Mv own opinion is that the jerk the tow line first tightened, len slackened, then tightened, and roke, was just sufficient to shake lilos loose so that her own power nd the high water allowed her to ree herself. , . .

All praise must go to the Captain nd his crew for a magnificently istained effort; to the Commander nd crew of Virgo for a magnificent a at of navigation and seamanship; nd to the employees of the Kauri 'imber Company, both European nd Native, who were put at the hip’s disposal by the Company s lanager. , „ The usually treacherous weather f Vanikoro on this occasion failed d materialise and for the whole [me that the ship was on the reef, south-easter of never more than t-ade force kept blowing, with no ig seas or rain to hinder efforts.

The “Milos” was carrying a cargo f about 1,350 tons, made up of imber, and ply from New Guinea, crap metal and Far East produce.

L considerable amount of this cargo, i stimated value of £ 15,000, was ettisoned. The owners of the cargo lave been notified.

She carried 10 passengers—three n,en, three women and four children -who were landed in small boats :nd made comfortable in houses belonging to the Kauri Timber Co. ”hey rejoined her not long before he sailed.

The master reported that after a preliminary examination the vessel vas tight and the motor was in food order. She loaded logs at lanikorc.

The “Milos” arrived at Brisbane m August 22, where a Lloyd’s repesentative made a thorough examnation.

The inspection revealed minor lamage only to the bottom of the hip, very little more than a scratch. r he “Milos” will now be able to renain in service.

The Swedish Consul in Sydney )pened an inquiry into the groundng on August 27, but it is unlikely hat the result of this will be made ’iublie.

The “Milos” (4,292 tons) was built n Japan ,and went into the Far £as£-SW Pacific-Australia run in mid-1956.

The Australian agents for the “Milos” are Wilh. Wilhelmsen Agency Pty. Ltd., of Sydney.

French Warships In Suva

La Confiance, an escort vessel, and Petunia, a patrol vessel, were in Suva from August 19 until August 22.

DOG WATCH FOR 1957 The Annual Dog Watch for 1957 (No. 14), is now available at 4/6 Australian, from the Shiplovers’

Society of Victoria (Box 1169 K, GPO, Melbourne, Vic.). it contains the usual interesting assortment of stories about ships past and present, and in this issue we meet some old Pacific friends.

Captain Brett Hilder describes how he and some of his officers explored the limestone caves at Port Purvis Mboli Passage, BSIP, where BP ships usually take on water. Harry Du * ne °*S? ai -^ Nordll i a: % scribe the old Mariposa and Tahiti 50 years ago. And Captain F Klebingat, now of California, tells us something about the Falls Of Clyde, which in 1900 was sold to Captain William Matson, who 107 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

-Y- Communication Is Essential

9 ON LAND # «R # All through the ages, man has been dependent on communication. Each difficulty has been overcome, and to-day on land, sea and air . . .

The Whole World Relies On

Radio Communication

CRAMMONDS “CTR 12 and 14”

This transceiver provides amazing results when used on coastal fishing boats and pleasure-craft. Most suited, too. for inter-island communication. It will receive and transmit up to and over 300 miles.

Operated on 12 volt D.C.

Crammonds “Ctr 8”

Range of more than 500 miles. Most powerful and operates under most hazardous conditions. Twelve volt D.C. Can be supplied with 1 to 4 fixed frequencies for transmitting. m m ;

Crammond “Tropic Eagle”

Range is unlimited with a “Tropic Eagle”. Completely tropic proofed—available in 7 valves, 240 volts, 50 cycle AC. —6 valve Vibrator —6 valve, 14 volt with heavy duty batteries. Continuous coverage of short wave lengths 16 to 150 metres, also BROADCAST BAND 540-1,600 Kc’s.

CRAMMOND “Karphone” RADIOTELEPHONE The ideal unit for all mobile transport. Designed for V.H.F. Systems. Can be used in 6 or 12 volt vehicles (interchangeable) models 70-80 MC/S and 100-108 MC/S bands. Also 156-160 MC/S bands. Range approximately 20 miles. Measurements 10 in. x 10 in. x 5 in. Weight 18 lbs.

When It’s equipment for v; communication you can’t do better than rely on CRAMMOND’S experience in this field. You can RELY and DEPEND on CRAMMOND.

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For your AUTOMOTIVE REQUIREMENTS C.P.C. Petrol and Radiator Caps.

NORSON Carburettor *Parts.

CLARK Brass Fittings.

COOLAHCORE Cores * and Radiators.

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W.E.C. Tools.

RYCO Filters, Tools and Accessories.

SHER Portable Electric Hand Tools.

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Dog Watch is written by sailors r sailors; but is sufficiently inresting to claim the attention of ose who do their navigating from deck-chair on the promenade- ‘ck

Wewak Escapes

The converted lan d i n g-craft r ewak , which has been doing a agnificent job carrying cattle bejeen North Queensland ports and >rt Moresby and Lae, came close to saster in August.

The vessel was stranded on the uth coast of Timor and it was ared she would be a total loss.

Dwever, she freed herself and made i emergency crossing to Darwin, here she was undergoing repairs the end of the month.

Eward For Norbryn Tow

Captain Polkinghorn, master of P (SS) ship, Ratanui, has received cash reward for his work in towg the disabled Norwegian ship, nhryn, into Suva under difficulties.

The Norhryn was disabled by fire >out 140 miles from Suva in March lis year, and arrived in Suva under w on April 1 (see May PIM, page Captain Polkinghorn has disputed the money (amount unlown) among his five officers.

Saining Scheme Announced

The necessity for some facilities r the elementary training of lands engineers for the smalllips fleet, especially in those areas ce the Cook Islands, where there no possibility of training through lore apprenticeships (as in Fiji, r example) was emphasised in this )lumn some months ago.

A very important contribution to such a scheme was announced by the New Zealand Minister of Island Territories on August 21. Four scholarships are to be offered to Islanders from New Zealand territories to train in either engineering or navigation at Wellington. Each course would last only a few months —but even this should be long enough to give keen boys a grounding in the operation of common types of marine engines, and in celestial navigation for budding skippers.

Under the scheme, the employers The 9-year-old Levuka-built 11-ton, 36 ft. wooden auxiliary cutter "Adi Gaetane", recently [?]ecked on Santo, New Hebrides. Holding the BP vessel's name-plate is her former 19-year-old [?]ipper, Mr. Stephens.

Photo: E. W. Lamberty.

Here's msecret ofsermcj &• kticm cold meats \ .t- VV Do you wish to serve delicious appetising dishes this summer —dishes that will get you praise from your admiring family?

Then follow this sure way to success. With all cold meats, salads, fish dishes, etc., serve Aunt Mary’s Tomato Sauce.

Aunt Mary s Tomato Sauce is made from only the finest sun-ripened juicy tomatoes, carefully and hygienically prepared to retain that piquant, mouth-watering flavour, even in the hottest climates.

For that special dish this summer, try this recipe for Oyster Cocktail.

Oyster Cocktail

1 Part Aunt Mary’s Tomato Sauce. 1 Part .Milk. 1 Part Worcestershire Sauce. 1 Dash Anchovy Sauce.

Pinch of Salt.

Place Tomato, Worcestershire and Anchovy Sauces in a dish with pinch of salt and mix well, then add milk and shake well—chill.

This recipe can also be used for Lobster or Crab Cocktail.

Tasty Tantalising

(hmt

Tomato Sauce

CH GRAJS will pay half the cost, which seem reasonable enough, considering ths ship-owners may be saved considei able expense in damage to motoi through ignorance or through vessels losing their way on the hig; seas.

The Minister also indicated ths “other improvements in Island ship ping facilities are now being looke into” —possibly a reference to long mooted plans to build a reasonabl safe harbour for small-craft a Avarua, Rarotonga.

DELAY IN NORFOLK IS.

WHALING In August, the whale-c hasei Norfolk Whaler was withdraw from the Norfolk Is. whaling static by Norfolk Island and Byron Ba Whaling Co., and sent to Byron Ba; in Northern NSW.

Only 80 of the 120 NI quota catc of whales had been caught whe the vessel withdrew —due to ba operating conditions, and becaus the northern migration of th whales past the island had slackens* It is expected that after fillin the Byron Bay quota, the compan will catch its other 40 whales ot NI.

The southern migration of whale past NI usually commences abou mid-September.

TIED UP The Rarotonga - based-converte Brixham trawler Inspire, registere in the name of Mr. Archer, an operated by Mr. D. C. Brown in th inter-island trade, cannot continu trading until overhauled.

Action to tie up the vessel wa taken by the Administration, it believed,.as the result of a repon from the British Consul at PapeetJ subsequent to the vessel being dry docked there several months agj Inspire had earlier suffered hull an rigging damage as the result of seismic wave which put her ashor briefly in Avarua Harbour. There ai no slipways in the Cook Islands.

PERSONAL Captain D. M. Thorsen, Pon Officer of Honiara, British Solomo: Islands, sailed from Sydney on ttl Oronsay on August 23 on furlough accompanied by his wife and tw small sons, Derek and Christophs Captain Thorsen was in charge t the delivery of the BSIP’s new vess?

Melanesian, from Hongkong, lax December; he says she is noc operating satisfactorily throughon the Group, under Captain J. Davie Captain W. J. Bunney, formo master of the MV Shansi, has rr covered from a recent illness. H flew to Hongkong, where he joine. the Sinkiang, at present on Gilbes and Ellice Islands duties, as Mast©

Reef Cruises

Completion of Vincent Storckf 31-ft launch, 00100100, opens u 110 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

and Mate perfect copies foo/ • Completely Portable. • Thoroughly Reliable. • So simple even a Junior can operate it.

Complete with Supplies for immediate use.

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The “Flat Bed” Duplicator embodies the simplest method of production from the Stencil Process for Circulars, Maps, Club Notices, etc.

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New Silk Diaphragm and Tropical Inking Rollers in stock for replacement when necessary.

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On August 18 the launch made an tcursion trip to Nukulau Island, ccursions which were popular many ears ago, but which somehow 7 ;emed to lapse.

Her owner plans to make an ccursion to Nukulau each Sunday, nd also to use her for weekly cxirsions in Suva harbour. OoiocJoo ill also be available for private larter and fishing expeditions.

Her name is said to correspond to le sound made by the legendary ermaid when calling under water.

Stc Ship In Trouble

Steamship Trading Co.’s 50 tons laster Manugoro was beached in a nking condition at Kairuku (on ie Papuan mainland opposite Yule land) on August 12.

She had radioed for assistance the ■evious evening and the APC issel, Papuan Explorer, went to her d and escorted her to Kairuku.

Manugoro began to take in water tien she was about 45 miles from irt Moresby; the leak was such at the pumps could not cope with and at the time she was joined r Papuan Explorer she had 4 ft of iter in the engine room.

La Perouse Also Had

Trouble At Vanikoro

The Kauri Timber Company established itself on Vanikoro in 1923, and although overseas ships have been calling there for timber for 30 years, shipping mishaps have been rare indeed.

However Milos is not the first ship to have trouble there; the French expedition under La Perouse is believed to have come to grief there about 170 years ago and only about a month before Milos stranded a large white cross was placed on the reef off Vanikoro by the officer commanding the French naval forces in the Pacific, who called there in the Francois Gamier.

Relics believed to have come from La Perouse’s two ships have been found off the reef and on Vanikoro.

Fiji Shipping Mishaps

Yanawai, BP (SS) Co.’s sturdy little motor vessel of 22 tons, a rescue ship three times this year, went aground on a reef in Nukulau passage, Fiji, in a torrential storm on August 31.

She remained on the reef for more than eight hours. She then floated off, just two hours before high tide, and continued her journey to Suva.

Her master, Captain J. Lumsdale, was seeking an anchorage when the ship grounded. At the time the passengers were at lunch.

Yanawai’s first mercy mission this year was to go to the assistance of HP’s ketch, Macuata, which grounded on Moturiki Reef.

Four days later she picked up passengers and crew from the Joyita, which had become stranded on the notorious Horseshoe Reef in the Koro Sea.

Her last effort was to assist the Ratanui to tow the 10,000-ton Norwegian steamer, Norhryn, to Suva (see PIM, May, p. 78).

The day before the Yanawai grounded, the 43-ton Fiji Government auxiliary ketch, Adi Maopa, went on to a reef off Viwa Island, in the Yasawas.

The Government cargo ship, Degei, left Suva to try to pull Adi Maopa off.

Later, marine engineers dismantled and removed the Adi Maopa’s engines to lighten the vessel before attempts were made to refloat her.

The ship’s ballast was also removed.

The passengers were landed on Viwa Island.

At the time Adi Maopa was on a voyage from Lautoka to Rotuma.

Captain E. Anderson is master of the Adi Maopa. (Over) 111 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

Next to myself I like B.V.D. best/' 112

September. 1957 Pacific Islands Month Lj

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Without Operation

If you feel old before your time or suffer from nerves, brain and physical weakness, you will find new happiness and health in an American medical discovery which restores youthful vim and vigour quicker than gland operation. It is a simple home treatment in tablet form, discovered by an American doctor. . Absolutely harmless and easy to take, but the newest and most powerful invigorator known to science. It acts directly on your glands, nerves and vital organs, builds new, pure blood, and works so fast that you can see and feel new body power and vigour in 24 to 48 hours. Because of its natural action on glands and nerves, your power and memory often improve amazingly.

And this amazing new gland and vigour restorer, called Vi- Stim, has been tested and proved by thousands in America, and is now available at all chemists here. Get Vi-Stim from your chemist to-day. Put it to the test. See the big improvement in 24 hours. Take the full bottle under the guarantee that it must make you full of vim, vigour and energy, and feel 10 to 20 years younger, or money back.

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Auckland, New Zealand

Island Traders And General

MERCHANTS P.O. Box 1509. Cables and Telegrams: “Kingdom,” Auckland.

News of Cruising Yachts • MERIDIAN and NANI, both preously mentioned in this column, ere last reported as being at Moorea. • KOCHAB, Dr. John Franklenirans’ new 39*-ft Bermudan yawl, st reported at Balboa, continued i to the Galapagos and from there ade a 47-day passage to Los ngeles. This yacht was to be an itrant in the Trans-Pacific (Los ngeles-Honolulu) Race and will len continue on to Auckland via land ports. • PHOENIX, of Honolulu, with irl and Barbara Reynolds and ipanese University student crew, as last reported at St. Thomas, r est Indies, having arrived by way ' Capetown and St. Helena Island . May. Next stops: Brazil, Miami, id Annapolis, where a lengthy stay likely. • MARCO POLO, of Auckland, est-bound on the latter stages of ;r cruise round the world, left arotonga August 9 for Aitutaki, id was at the latter island still on ugust 11. • MIRANDA, of Auckland, which b reported as having sailed June I for Papeete, put in to Rarotonga , days later and was reported still i be there in mid-August. • SEVEN SEAS ex SCALDIS, 41steel ketch, which Andre Boun tester sailed to the Cook Islands om Holland in 1955, and sold there illowing a nervous breakdown, is jain up for sale. She was purlased in August, 1955, by trader >hn Harrington, of Aitutaki Is., mverted to trading purposes, and inamed Manu o Aitutaki. Mr. arrington spent a good deal of ioney on this craft, ins ailing a )od motor. When finances were w in the Canary Is., Meester sold le original motor and continued le cruise under sail. He was last sported in New Zealand late 1955. • ASTRID, the 24-ft cutter from ew Zealand, arrived in Suva on ugust 4, -ex-Tonga. The cutter eared Mangonui on May 13. Mr. inton Panther is owner-master and as with him as crew member Miss , Fostern King, of the United tates. Mr. Panther proposes to ;ay in Fiji about six weeks and will len return to New Zealand. • SOLUS, a 33-ft yacht, ownerlaster Commander Victor Clark, N, (Retd) arrived in Suva on ugust 2. Commander Clark was xecked on Palmerston Island, in le Cook Islands, and his programme ’as delayed a year as a result. The ook Islanders hauled his boat across le reef and worked on it for months ‘pairing the side. They refused any ayment for the work. Solus then r ent to Auckland to refit. Comlander Clark returned to Palmerston and then to Fiji by way of Tonga and Western Samoa. From Fiji he will go to Tanna, in the New Hebrides, and from there to the Solomons, Samarai, Torres Strait and South Africa, where he hopes to arrive by Christmas. He will then return to England via the West Indies.

His only comDanion is a West Indian, who shares watches and does the cooking. « FIDDLERS GREEN, Tahiti-type ketch, manned by professional baseball player, radio “ham” George Boston, 35, was at Bermuda in July, bound round the world, and will probably enter the Pacific about now. The yacht has a Red Wing petrol auxiliary motor and another small motor on deck providing power for the radio transmitter. • TZU HANG, of Japan, with the Smeetons and John Guzzwell (ex Trekka ) aboard, was still at Talcahuano, Chile, when last heard of.

There the yacht is repairing considerable damage caused when struck by a freak sea 50 days and 5,000 miles out of Melbourne bound for the Atlantic via the Horn. She made a 1,350-mile jury-rig passage to her present port. • JELLICLE, which was sailed from England to New Zealand last year by Lieutenant-Commander Mike Bailes, RN, and has been hauled out and for sa,le at Auckland since July, 1956, was recently purchased for local sailing. Bailes flew back to his job in the RN soon after reaching Auckland. e TAKI-O-AUTAHI, 21-ft cutter of Poole, England, which sailed for New Zealand via French canals, Tangier, Casablanca, and the Canaries in October, 1952, cleared Balboa transpacific bound on Augus: 6. Ownerbuilder Bill Mangan, of New Zealand, and sailing companion Rick Mohun, who joined at St. Thomas, BWI, will make calls at French Oceania and probably the Cooks en route to Auckland. Plans are to continue west-bound to England 113 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

c/ A/c irv m m m M LK HT DA' Smooth . . . creamy Cadbury’s Dairy Milk Chocolate is everyone’s favourite. You’ll love its wonderful flavour . . . you’ll love its rich goodness because there is a glass and a half of pure, fresh, full-cream milk in every half pound.

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later to claim the award of “shortef craft ever”. ■ * HAVFRUEN 60 ft x 17 ft m. x 8 ft 6 m. ketch of Southampta England, cleared Balboa for Pol. nesia, July 23, on a similar circun navigation. With owner T. H Caj is his wife and three other persor Built of teak, in Norway, in 18S the craft is claimed to be the large genuine Colin Archer-type vess ever built. • PRINCESS WAIMAI (also r ported as Princess Wymia— we belie; the former spelling correct) still lii m Miraflores Lake, Canal Zor burdened with some $20,000 in wrii It will _tae recalled that Polish-bor one-time NZ University lecturer E Bohdon Cwilong, planned to use’th 74ft, 48-year-old craft, and anothi non-magnetic yacht, in a magnet survey of the Pacific, extending ov' several years. The yacht clean England in November, 1953, but ere and other troubles halted plans Panama. Cwilong and his wife we; repatriated two years ago, with tl avowed intention of returning whe more finance had been raised. • CELESTE, 40-ft steel cuttfl cleared Balboa late July, believe heading Islandwards, though no di tails were available. She may she up at Tahiti, though the Balb* betting was that she would arrii back at that port or elsewhere ni far distant. • JENKO 11, of Norway, with ui named skipper, and two NZ ere men, Jim Bothwell and Daw Dempsey aboard, caused some e; citement in the North Sea in Jn when the skipper appears to ha; gone: berserk while ill. The ere radioed for assistance and a polii launch towed the fishing vessel to Harwich. However, the voyajj was later continued towards NZ w Panama, and this craft shorn appear in Polynesia later in tl year. It is possible that this vess is owned by the same Jensen famir who brought out Jenco (differs; spelling) to Napier, NZ, some tin ago, as the present craft is all bound for Napier. • VIXEN, a 35-ft auxiliary yach arrived at Suva late August froc Pago Pago. On board, Mr. and Mi: T. Stark, who have been away froc their home in Miami, Florida, fi 2 i years. They spent 13 months Tahiti and the surrounding islam taking motion pictures, and planmi to take moving pictures in Fiji, als They plan to leave there October*: for Brisbane. t Mr. J. W. Deegan, Depui Inspector-General of the Colonii.

Police Forces, arrived in Fiji o July 27 for a 15-days tour inspection of the Fiji Police Foro 114 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

At Your Will Me another look • • 0 Assuming that you have made a Will —and some people keep putting off this essential duty—can you recall its terms in detail?

Even if you can, your Will may need prompt revision. Changes in beneficiaries, the sale of a specific legacy, increases in assets . . . each should be recorded. If you neglect your Will, it is simply a blueprint of past, not present, intentions.

If you appointed a private Executor, instruct your Solicitor to replace him with Burns Philp Trust Company Limited. It would be a poor compliment to your family to leave their future security in one pair of hands. The Company’s 20-page booklet, “Hands That Never Leave The Wheel”, is available at any branch of Burns Philp (South Sea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Guinea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Limited, or from the Trust Company’s nearest office.

Burns Philp Trust

Company Limited

Executor • Trustee • Attorney Head Office: 7 Bridge Street, Sydney.

Telegraphic Address; “BURNSTRUST”. Box 543, G.I Also Registered Offices at Melbourne, Brisbane, Port Moresby (Papua), and Vila (New Hebrides ).

DIRECTORS: James Burns P.T.W. Black Joseph Mitchell Eric Priestley Lee MANAGER: L. S. Parker.

SECRETARY: E. R. Overton, F.A.S.A.

Addition To

Omission In The Mud

Vernon Memorial on [?]amu River I SMALL hospital for natives, L built from monetary gifts, plus enormous toil provided free by atives, was officially opened early i July, by Dr. Russel (Leprologist f the New Guinea Department of ealth) at “the Mission in the :ud”, established on the Upper amu River, in the Gulf of Papua mntry, by Mr. and Mrs. Harrie tanden, over 20 years ago.

As a compliment to a man who ive unstinted service as Medical fficer to the natives of this region, le late Captain Geoffrey Vernon, [C, the building has been named le “Dr. Vernon Memorial ospital”.

It was not an easy construction ib. The Bamu, like all these Gulf vers, flows through vast deltas of ried mud. Rains often convert le mud into slush, and the rivers lange course. The Standens cperimented for four years before ley found a bank likely to survive, id carry the little hospital estabshment they planned.

Over 300 natives came to the jremony, from the surrounding vamps and deltas.

They were easily divided into vo classes —those who were in the amu Mission’s care, who appeared ean and reasonably healthy; and lose from the outer region, who ere mostly filthy and diseased.

The non-denominational Standens reach Christianity, but they do it =r medium of abundant soap and cpanding medical care.

“Old Doc. Vernon”, hero of the bkoda Trail, would have liked to ave seen that ceremony.

Part of the hospital’s equipment as paid for out of funds subiribed by Dr. Vernon’s old imrades of World War I. An iscribed plate says: “Presented by Lth Light Horse Regiment, AIF, i Proud Memory of Captain (Dr.) •. H. Vernon, MC.”

After the ceremony, some of the ider natives showed Dr. Russell leir war-ribbons, proving that they ad served with the Australians in forld War II; and some recalled indly actions of the late Dr. ernon.

After the hospital was opened, •r. Russell had first use of it in laking an examination of the undreds of natives gathered there, [e made the curious and unsplained discovery that there was ot one case of leprosy among all aese Bamu Mission district people: et there are numerous cases among le natives of the adjoining, and lore healthy districts.

Mrs. Eva Standen at present is i charge of the Bamu Mission.

Ir. Standen is absent abroad, raising funds for the Mission by means of illustrated lectures. He reports a successful lecture tour in Britain, and some talks over the BBC.

TONGA IN CINERAMA DUDLEY Pictures Corporation’s cinerama film unit, in the course of a chartered voyage aboard the Liberian-registered Honolulubased passenger schooner Te Vega, was expected at Nukualofa early in August from Tahiti and Rarotonga.

A Tongan choir was in training to sing a number of songs and hymns for the unit, and dancers were also preparing a suitable display. The unit will proceed to Fiji later.

The film company’s President, Mr.

Carl Dudley, arranged a charter flight from Suva to Nulualofa by a TEAL flyingboat on August 6 to make preliminary arrangements for the four days of filming. Also aboard the flyingboat was a Matson Line representative who made arrangements for a call by the liner Lurline in the course of a tourist cruise next January, and other Suva businessmen who took the opportunity to make a quick trip to Nukualofa. t An aeroplane which was built locally by M. Guy Minacco, of Noumea, New Caledonia, was successfully test flown at the end of August. It is of two passenger type. 115 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

V <3 k /V : 1C # m m o m THE -OUNTRY %v: < ' ...... ;■ < l unQn<s 40 WINKER tNMEXSPBWa Representatives for Pacific Islands ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD.

22 Young Street, Sydney

116 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

YOUR NEXT LEAVE Modern up to the minute homes between Dee Why and Palm Beach available to Island Residents for Holidays.

Write for information to: — J. T. STAPLETON PTY. LTD., ESTATE AGENTS, 133 PITT STREET, SYDNEY.

BL 5305, BL 1737. or any of the Branch Offices located at Dee Why, Narrabeeta, Mona Vale, Avalon or Palm Beach. t.

Host Holbrook'S

foods on your table . • .

Ensure Good Eating

"Quality with Economy” and bring out the full flavour .

The Good Companions"

Holbrooks Worcestershire Sauce Holbrooks Sweet Mustard Sauce H52/QP 00,000 copies of the library edition f his book have been sold. The oyalties on the book go to Fr. [uddleston’s Order to further work mongst non-whites in South Africa.

Fontana).

LIFE IN OUR HANDS: Pamela iright describes the experiences of nursing sister who landed with the -Day troops on a Normandy beach, nd with an advanced casualty learing-station followed the British dvance through France and Belium into Germany. (Pan).

Cure For Serpents: By

Iberto Denti di Pirajno. The uthor’s Dukedom was created in >42, but he is also a doctor and i 1924 went first to Italy’s North frican colonies in that capacity. In )41 he became Governor of Tripoli; vo years later in that capacity he ad to hand over the city to Gen- *al Montgomery, and four months ter vacate his headquarters. (His srvant announced: “English in irden; red-hat with gun.”) Howrer, in between 1924 and 1943 he ad time to collect an amazing jlume of stories that read like a *oss between the Arabian Nights id Axel Munthe. (Great Pan).

SECRETS OF SUEZ: This is a an Special, published at the same me as the library edition of the oo k. Written by two French urnalists who were in Port Said : the time of the Suez crisis, it msed a sensation on both sides of le Channel when it was published . Paris earlier (his year. The uth o r s are Merry and Serge romberger, and it was translated r James Cameron, News Chronicle ireign Correspondent. The authors y to apportion the blame for this ost face-loosing of all Anglorench operations, and get near tough to the bone to hurt a number people. Their translator disagrees ith their conclusions—he takes the ew that it should never have ippened. The Brombergers, on the her hand, believe that it was a irthy action, disgrace intruding hen it was cut short without aality through political interferice.

LIEUTENANT HORNBLOWER: n episode in the earlier life of C. S. jrster’s salty character. This parcular story was, some time ago, ade into a film starring Gregory sck. Neither Forster nor Homower needs any introduction to the ading public. (Great Pan).

THE DAY MUST DAWN: Agnes igh Turnbull’s story of pioneering Pennsylvania in the days of the merican War of Independence, idian raids, extreme poverty and remitting toil made up the lot these people who laid the foundam of the American nation, ’ontana).

THE GOLDEN SUMMER is as satisfyingly full of French titles, chateaux, dashing noblemen and charming women as Anne Duifield’s stories usually are—for those who care for this type of romantic story. (Pan).

MISS PYM DISPOSES: This mystery story by Josephine Tey was reviewed in PIM some years ago when it appeared in the library edition (published by Peter Davies).

Although by no means the best Tey mystery in the view of this reviewer, it was popular with most Tey fans. (Pan).

Its Different In July: By

Kevin Fitzgerald, was also reviewed in PIM when it was first published by Heinemann a couple of years ago. This is one of those highly mysterious mysteries where heroes turn into villains and villains into heroes with disconcerting frequency. (Pan).

THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE- DAME: Victor Hugo’s masterpiece is published in Fontana for the first time, following the recent release of the film starring Italian star Gina Lollobrigida.

HORNED PIGEON: Another wartime escape story—this time by George Millar, DSO, MC, who was taken prisoner by the Italians in North Africa, tried to escape from Italy after the country surrendered, but was transferred to Germany, where he made another and successful attempt, and with the help of Resistance leaders reached Paris.

DEATH IN THE CLOUDS: This particular Agatha Christie is 22 years old—but the doings of Hercule Poirot never seem to grow too old to attract new admirers or refresh the memories of old friends, (.Fontana).

SILVER ROCK: Author Luke Short writes Westerns, but up to date. In this one, Tully Gibbs returned home from the Korean War intending to get rich quickly at the little mining town of Azurite, but he soon had another shooting war on his hands. (Fontana).

THE LONELY SKIER: This Hammond Innes thriller is set in the Italian Dolomites, It concerns movie makers as w-ell as skiers. (Fontana).

OUT OF ASIA ALIVE: By Mark Derby, is an adventure story of 117 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1057 took Reviews (Continued from Page 99)

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Collins Street, Alexandria, N.S.W., Australia South East Asia—mostly about an island in the Indonesian area. The story of a convicted murderer who escapes prison to seek vengeance on the man he regarded as his enemy. (Pan).

JUNGLE CHASE: Adventure in East Africa this time, by Roy Farran. A young mining engineer meets an elderly ivory hunter; they become firm friends but then the young man realises that the elder has committed some sort of crime and is hiding out from the police. (Fontana).

THE SPOLETTA STORY; James Dillon White, who wrote the story about Genevieve, the vintage car, has produced something quite different in this—the story of love, crime, and vendetta amongst Sicilian bandits. (Pan).

THE GOLD OF THEIR BODIES; The story of the artist Gauguin, by Charles Gorham. This book is based on fact—with some embroidery.

According to Gorham, Gauguin would never have turned to other women if Mette, his wife, had been able to believe that the world is well lost for art. Others, however, may feel that Mette had some justification on her side. Fontana).

EARTHLIGHT: Arthur Clarke has taken a leap in science fiction.

His story assumes that interplanetary travel is an accomplished fact and that mankind has established itself on most of the planets —most of which are claiming independence from the mother world. It seems to be the old problem on a still bigger scale. (Pan).

Ellery Queen’S Book Of

MYSTERY STORIES: This is a collection of 25 stories by writers not usually regaded as crime writers;: Hemingway, Sinclair Lewis, and Steinbeck being just three of them.

The mystery of “Ellery Queen” is alsc explained. This is a pen-name of two Americans who for 30 years and 30 novels collaborated to produce the Ellery Queen books. Their 118 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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THE YOUNG LIONS: The bestselling first novel by Irwin Shaw has now been reprinted unabridged as a Pan Giant. The book covers a huge canvas. Three young men meet in Bavaria before the Second World War. Two of them are Americans and the other a member of the Nazi party. The story follows them individually through the next few years and brings them again together for the climax. This book flaimed considerable attention when it was first published in 1949.

May Become New

Cattle Industry

Area of SW Papua Is Under Inspection A LARGE area of plateau (or savannah) country approximately 3,600 square miles —in he extreme southwest corner of s apua, may be opened up at an iarly date by the P-NG Adminisration, for cattle-farming.

Officials have had a quick look ,t the country lately; and on July 6, a surveyor left Port Moresby, it it h a party and considerable quipment, for a closer inspection, nd a report to the Administration.

The area forms a vast triangle, etween the Torres Strait coast, the )utch-Papua border, and the Fly tiver. It is generally unexplored; ut it is reported that it rises to moderate height, comprises large ections of grassy, lightly wooded lateau land, and has many rivers nd lakes.

It is only 200-300 miles in a direct ne from Australia’s Cape York— luch nearer to Cape York than to ’ort Moresby, by airline.

It is reported that, as part of the autious exploration of the area r hich the Administration now is arrying out, the Departments of ’ublic Works and Civil Aviation are □nstructing an airfield at a place ailed Balimo, in the plateau ountry.

The area has no name, as yet. The irge Morehead River flows through tie western section of it.

Boy Scouts and Girl Guides in 'iji will receive Government grants stalling £11,500—£10,000 for the couts and the remainder for the uides. The reason for the differnce is that the headquarters of the rirl Guides’ Association has a panel f travelling training officers availble to visit Fiji at any time, while le scouts require a full-time trainer, he £lO,OOO is to provide a full-time ■oiony Training Commissioner for lie next five years.

Honiara Thieves Put On a Show for Visiting Official WHEN the Deputy Inspector- General of the Colonial Police Force, J. W. Deegan, CMG, MVO, paid a visit to BSIP Police Department in Honiara recently, local criminals took the opportunity to show him how things were done in the Protectorate.

They removed a small safe from the Mendana Avenue office of William Breckwoldt and Company.

Fortunately it contained little cash, but several business documents and a passport were inside.

The safe—which was battered open—was brought in to the police station a few days later by natives who found it along the Honiara shore.

Mr. Deegan was for many years Superintendent of Police in Uganda.

East Africa. t Mr. Ralph E. Smith, president of the NZ Junior Chamber of Commerce, paid a visit to Fiji recently where he addressed the Suva Jaycees.

From Fiji he flew to Sydney, en route for Tokyo for the international conference of Jaycees. 119 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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New Book List

A KORAO, NO NEW ZEALAND or THE NEW ZEALANDER’S FIRST BOOK, being an attempt to compose some lessons for the Instructions of Natives (Thomas Kendall, Missionary). A facsimile edition from the only known copy at the Auckland Museum, published 1815, in Sydney, N.S.W. £3/15/-, postage sd.

MYTHS OF THE MUNKAN—STORIES FROM CAPE YORK PENINSULA (Ursula Mc- Connell). Some Charming Tales—some grim—Folktales of the Tribes and of their everyday activities. Illustrated. £l/15/-, postage 1/3.

AN INTRODUCTION TO MALAYAN BIRDS (G. E. Madoc). Mostly those birds commonly met with and other species are fully described. Illustrated with line-drawings and photographs. £3/10/-, postage 1/9.

THINGS WORTH WHILE (Evelyn Cheesman). Autobiography of the famous woman entomologist who sought obscure specimens in a series of one-woman expeditions among the cannibals of the South Seas. Illustrated. £l/6/-, postage 1/6.

THE PENGUIN ATLAS OF THE WORLD, with 80 pages of maps, in full colour and 15,000 index entries. 15/-, postage 1/6.

THE TROPICS (La Rue, Bourliere & Harroy), with 80 photogravure plates.l6 colour plates and 34 colour photography of Orchids, Cacti, Insects, Animals, Birds, Trees, Reptiles, etc. A lovely book. £4/10/-, postage 2/6.

Lists of New and Secondhand Books and Scientific Instruments Free N. H. SEWARD PTY. LTD. 457 BOURKE STREET, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA. MU 6129 It is an interesting experiment, with a big over-lay of optimism.

These are well-behaved lads, alert and intelligent; but the background of their family life is so primitive that they are under a big handicap when they enter upon the two years’ training as carpenters, motor mechanics, plumbers and so forth.

They may become “useful boys” after a couple of years’ tuition; but few of them will be classed as master-technicians. For these youths, it is a long, hard, up-hill pull to citizenship in the modern world.

The thing that most impressed me in this Technical School was the apparent lack of co-ordination between Administration Departments.

Here are a number of skilled technicians (teachers), directing a labour force of at least 40 natives (students), equipped with (my guess), £30,000 or £40,000 worth of workshop equipment—half a dozen big lathes, and all kinds of highclass tools and machines. They could build tables and desks and cupboards, give shape to drainage gadgets, service motor cars.

But I learned, in reply to direct luestions, that they do none of these things. The Administration, when it needs furniture, or plumbing, or car service, goes to private enterprise, and pays top rates. Which, of course, is a very good thing for private enterprise.

"Cash Down" is Not Encouraged [WAS standing beside a salesman in a Territory store. A European was examining a refrigerator, the marked-up price of which was ElB7/10/-.

“How much will I get off for cash?” asked the prospective customer.

“Nothing,” replied the salesman.

The inquirer departed.

Incident quoted to indicate the abundance of money circulating in the Territory.

Reflections of a Gloomy Taxpayer DO you know what the Administration now is planning to spend on a team of copra inspectors?” asked a Port Moresby resident; and answered his own ijuestion: “No less than £35,000 per annum. And these people will not be under the control of the Copra Marketing Board.”

And then —it was just after 4 p.m. —we both turned and thoughtfully looked out over Konedobu, which carries the great majority of the Administration buildings. The homeward rush was just beginning, and it was a remarkable sight. Every second European seemed to possess a car.

“There must be thousands of them,” remarked the Moresby resident. “They tell me that there are between 240 and 250 Europeans now in the Department of Agriculture alone.”

I said nothing. But, as a reluctant payer of Australian income tax, I thought of the eight or ten million pounds per annum which Australia makes as a free gift to this country.

And I wondered what Treasurer Fadden would have for me in his Budget speech on September 3. (LATER: Nothing. I’ve iust heard Sir Arthur’s speech. But the Territories get the same generous bonus).

Australian Depts. Evade P-NG Laws A SCANDALOUS thing permitted by the Australian Government in the Territories of Papua and New Guinea is the immunity from minor prosecution enjoyed by the Commonwealth Departments operating in the Territories.

There are a number of such Departments—especially Public Works and Civil Aviation. They cannot be sued in a Territory court. The only way in which legal proceedings can be taken against them is by an expensive action through the High Court of Australia.

If one of their very numerous trucks collides with a Territory car, the latter’s owner really is up against it—he must either accept the compensation which the Commonwealth Department chooses to offer, or undertake lengthy and costly proceedings in the High Court.

Territorians tell me that this condition has been used by the Departmental czars on various occasions to dodge contractual obligations.

It is said that the law now is going to be amended. But the Australian Departments have been operating in P-NG for many years; and the fact that the anomaly has existed for so long gives one the measure of Canberra efficiency.

Concerning the Loyal Service Medal THEY told me in New Guinea— as part of a sort of hate campaign against Minister Hasluck —that the lettering has been altered upon the Loyal Service Medals which are handed out to New Guineans in recognition of good service to the Europeans, and especially to the Administration.

They said that the medal once made it clear that the decoration was given by the Throne, or the Governor-General of Australia; but that this has been altered, so that the donor now appears to be the Minister for Territories.

I hope it is not true. They were coy about it—didn’t know—when I inquired at Konedobu.

What does it say on these medals, anyway?

Where is that Expensive Film?

WHY has the film covering the visit of the Duke of Edinburgh to Papua and New Guinea at the end of 1956 been suppressed?

It was organised and made by Australian Commonwealth people, under official orders. Those who should know say it is an excellent film —plenty of interest and liveliness and colour, and a worthy presentation of the Territories at their best. Thousands of pounds of Australian money was spent on it.

The story goes that in some way it offended the petty czars of Can- 121 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957 Notes Made in New Guinea (Continued from Page 49)

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Perhaps there is a more reasonable explanation; but Territorians are always ready to believe the worst of Canberra.

Whence Came the First Highlands Trout?

IT looks as if trout, slowly but surely are being acclimatised in the mountain streams of the New Guinea mainland: and now there is a real probability that the New Guinea Highlands presently will attract anglers from overseas.

I am told that the first man to experiment with the introduction of trout was Sir Hudson Fysh, founder of Qantas. Many years ago, he put some youngsters into the Baiune stream, a tributary of the Bulolo River (which runs into the Markham): and they have become established there. There now is a hydro-electric station on the Baiune; and it is reported that the trout have taken up quarters in the waterraces leading to the station.

Sir Edward Hallstrom was in, next; he introduced trout to the streams around his famous husbandry experimental station at Nondugl, in between the Eastern and Western Highlands—and they also have taken hold.

He Called the PIINA "The Blackbirders' Bible"!

THIS happened very recently in New Ireland.

Seven gentlemen from overseas, strong believers in internationalism, engaged in what is called "2 sociological study of the Trusteeship Territory”, and led by a certain Dr G , sat down around a hospitable luncheon table.

The table had shelves built in underneath, for books and papers Dr. G pulled out some periodicals 122 SEPTEMBER. 1957-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL.

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Refreshing rhe Pacific Islands Monthly lay itop of the heap.

“Ha”, remarked Dr. G , “the Blackbirders’ Bible!”

A man who heard the remark told ne about it, in Rabaul.

It is an interesting sidelight upon he mentality and thinking of the heorists and planners who swarm nto Trusteeship New Guinea in hese cooler months.

They make the same aimless permbulations; ask the old-hands the ame sort of silly questions; and ipparently all get a kind of exitement in trying to psycho-analyse hese primitive natives.

The Pacific Islands Monthly, nowing Pacific Islands natives in 11 the 16 Territories from Western lew Guinea to Tahiti—their limitaions, their merit®, their possibilities, nd the need to protect and guide hem—regards the activities of these worthy scientists as generally use- ;ss, and frequently mischievous, and as said so, for 20 years.

The PIM usually derides these expert” surveys because they so arely are based on practical knowjdge and experience.

The scientists, in their turn, sneer t the PIM because it tries to keep ach discussions down-to-earth, and nacademic. 2 2 Years to Establish a Staging Hospital CHE recent history of Sio, in the Huon Peninsula (Finschhaven area) is a good example of what rivate enterprise suffers under administration methods.

A good type of native comes from io intelligent, industrious and eady to hire his labour out to the ppe of planter who knows how to feat native workers. It has been favourite ground for experienced lan ter-recruiters like Jack Thurston nd Bernard Parer.

Following experience with repatrited Highlands’ labourers, the Adlinistration found that natives reaming from coastal districts could et rid of their malaria if put into staging camp, or hospital, above he malarial mosquito line, and iven treatment.

The best Sio natives apparently ome from the mountains there; nd they often returned with tialaria. The Administration deided to close the area to recruiting or 18 months, so that a suitable lospital might be built, for the reatment of returning labourers.

The recruiters naturally cursed — •ut agreed it was fair enough, and pent elsewhere.

The 18 months passed. Adminisration, without explanation, exended the ban for six months.

The two years expired last July 11. The recruiters prepared to go n to Sio. Down came another ban, or another six months.

Explanation: Some blundering official built the staging camphospital in the wrong place. The spot was malarial—it has been abandoned, so the “hospital” can be established higher up.

On December 31, the area will have been closed for 2 h years, simply in order to do a job that, under other conditions, could have been completed and tested in six months.

Suspect Fungi

Why Do NG Highlands Natives go Berserk?

EVER since Europeans entered the great Wahgi Valley, in the Highlands of New Guinea, they have reported that small numbers of natives in certain areas appear to go berserk at times. They become hysterical, and sometimes attack their fellows furiously.

Mr. D. N. Ashton, ADO at Minj, has been observing these phenomena, and he recently reported that they occur about July or August; that some of the native gentlemen affected attack other natives with spears and arrows, and appeared quite mad; and that there seemed some connection between their behaviour and their apparent practice of eating certain fungi which grow at the base of some Wahgi Valley trees at this time of year.

Mr. Ashton sent some samples of the fungi to Port Moresby; and the experts there—especially Mr. T. G.

Aitchison, of the Department of Native Affairs and Dr. Dorothy Saw, a plant expert in Agriculture —were deeply interested. Dr. Saw said that fungi could cause temporary insanity, but were extremely rare. Samples have been sent to England, for examination.

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# Milford Haven Road, Lae, New Guinea Box No. 61 Telephone: Lae 287 ® Port Moresby, Papua Box No. 138 Telephone: Kone 328

September, 1957 Pacific Islands Monthly!

MUNGO SCOTT PTY. LTD.

Established 1894 AUSTRALIAN os ua [superb]* SYDNEY AUSTRALIA

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Builder And Concreter

What is Happening at the Lae Brewery IN vacant, scrub-covered country, on the south side of the Lae airfield, in a large clearing, I found two sun-burned Europeans, wearing only shorts, directing a ?ang of natives in concrete operations. Behind them, extending over a, wide area, were the pillars of a Large, new building.

The men were Mr. R. Meier, the killed technician who contributed o much to the establishment of he South Pacific Brewery in Port Moresby, and to making its beer amous, and Mr. J. R. Nydom, his ssociate in this new enterprise.

The new enterprise is a brewery >eing built by Guinea Breweries jimited.

For some reason, Mr. Meier and South Pacific Brewery parted company several months ago; and he then decided to explore the possibilities of operating another brewery, in New Guinea. Those who joined him and his wife in forming Guinea Breweries Ltd. are Mr. and Mrs. Nydom, Mr. R. F. Bunting, Mrs. F. S. Stewart, and Mr. Lee Ashton.

They expect to have the brewery completed by the end of this year.

They are confident that they will introduce their product to New Guinea’s huge beer market by about next Easter.

Messrs. Meier and Nydom planned no expensive operation. Having cleared the land, they erected along one side of it a long, single-story building, with light, water and sewerage, which they have divided into ten rooms. Presently these will become store-rooms and offices; but to-day they provide two comfortable residences for the Meier and Nydom families.

Then they set to work on the main building; and the photograph shows the progress that had been made up to the end of July. Messrs.

Meier and Nydom, burnt to the colour of mahogany, but in magnificent health, are demonstrating how capital costs can be kept down in the establishment of a brewery.

Mr. Meier is a Hungarian; but early in life he went to live in Switzerland, and there he met and married Mrs. Meier, a charming Swiss. They came to Port Moresby in July, 1951; and Mr. Meier introduced the South Pacific brew to the sceptical Port Moresby beer-drinkers in October, 1952. Mr. and Mrs.

Nydom are a young Dutch couple who have adopted New Guinea as their home.- RWR.

The top photograph shows the concrete [?]illars of the new Lae brewery, now in [?]ourse of construction; and the lower picture [?]s a snapshot of the two directors and partners—Messrs. R. Meier (right) and J. R. Nydom. [?]or the present, they are navvies and conreters, so that the work may advance more apidly. Three minutes before this picture was aken, Brewer Meier had fallen off a platform -but insisted that he was unhurt. "Me, I all and I bounce," said he. 125 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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G///ette Blue Gillette Blades Port Moresby Weddings t The Rev. Father John BettridgJ SM, STD, JCD. BA, lately attache to the Apostolic Delegation in Sy;v ney, has been appointed to t.J Catholic Mission in Tonga, Mr. and Mrs. W. McMahon cut their weddin cake after their marriage at Taurama Chape in Port Moresby some weeks ago. Mrs. Me Mahon was Miss Y. Barker.

Miss Jill Ridge, of an old Papua family vw married late July at Taurama Chapel, P[?] Moresby, to Mr. J. G. Taylor. Over 100 gues attended the reception. Mr. and Mrs. Tay will live in Hongkong.

Photo: Papuan Prim 126

September, 1957 Pacific Islands Month Lj

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There are branches at the following places: Port Moresby Goroka Madang Rabaul Kavieng Wewak Honiara Bulolo Lae Norfolk Island In addition, 57 agencies operate throughout Papua- New Guinea, 5 agencies in the Solomon Islands, and others at Fanning Island, Lord Howe Island, Nauru and at Vila and Santo (New Hebrides).

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Letter To The Editor

Those Dear, Dead Days Beyond Recall SOMETHING is puzzling me! In } Port Moresby, there are numerous streets, crescents, highways, be., named after the early pioneers f Papua. And in honour of that rand old man, Sir Hubert Murray, lere is Hubert Murray Highway, lut where is “Hides’ Road”, in onour of his protege?

Has Papua become so forgetful, or lildish and petty? To me, it ivours not only of contempt for great man, despite his mortal LUlts, but of contempt for the name f one of the very early families f this Territory.

It would seem as if “someone” too illingly and too literally took note [ the words of the late Sir Hubert: lack did not count the cost and ir the reward he cared but little.”

I know there is a mountain range ? in the hinterland bearing Hides’ ime but can anyone find it on even detailed map? It has escaped me.

If they must deny this man, must ley, too, in their forgetfulness, my the fact that his mother, elena Marie Hides, was the first bite woman to land in Dutch NG: ■ became, with his father, one of le first four families in the then fant township of Port Moresby?

And now sir, to some other angles life in P-NG. 1. There is far too much familarity ‘tween a great number of Euro- ;ans and the indigenes. Too great condescension, which is harmful the future of this country. 2. The behaviour of some Euro- ;ans, more especially the female ecies, makes a poor reflection and iads the indigene on. It is no Dnder that there are so many atcks on women that many are raid to walk the streets of Moresby ter dusk. Of course, the innocent, always, suffer for the guilty—the lilty being the lasses of this fair wn who parade in all too brief lorts, frocks with plunging neckles and frocks minus shoulders say nothing of the sweater girls their clinging matadors. Where the propriety of the English )man? 3. Now comes the proposal to inoduce alcoholic liquor to native loples—legally! Certainly, it is ill in the debate stage, and an coholic content at a lower rate is ggested. But, will it reduce the les of methylated spirits from leamships and BP’s; or will it just Id to the misery? 4. It is also said that the proposal erect a swimming pool at Ela Jach might be considered on a und for pound basis—provided the digenous population could share 127 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1857

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Phe policy to raise our Papuan >ther to an equal status and the sire to improve his lot in life are th admirable ideals. But don’t ’s have sophistication without squate education. :t is no use teaching a European native child or adolescent, history thmetic or anything else without st giving him a rudimentary know- Ige of the true basis of civilisation ;ourtesy to his fellow man. [he policy of bringing folk from nth to open the country is also tnirable, but let every person ;ering the territory sign a declaran (under threat of public censure violated) that (a) he or she will iss at all times according to Jepted standards of decency; and i that they will retain the ndards of discipline and authority ; by the earlier and more expericed pioneers of the country, rening justice, courtesy and wisdom their dealings with the indigenes.

I am, etc., QUO VADIS-OS PAPUAS. rt Moresby, ly 15, 1957.

Planting Prospects In

PAPUA IN its annual report, the Planters Association of Papua makes some interesting points.

Planting profits generally are down this year—the combined result of rising freights and increased labour costs.

A survey of the copra industry in Papua laid emphasis on the increasing senility of the coconut palms. For several years, new coconut planting has not kept pace with the ageing process in existing plantations. It takes seven years to bring a palm from planting to maturity.

Rubber exports during the year decreased slightly, to 8,346,000 pounds, and there was a small gain in acreage.

There is a large area in Papua better suited to rubber than any other main crop.

The cost of establishing a Papuan rubber plantation to-day is from £l5O to £2OO per acre. t It was calculated on September 4 that 12 natives had died in Port Moresby from Asian influenza, and that 34 natives then were in hospital with “chest symptoms.” They were mostly young adults. Medical authorities pointed out that a considerable proportion of those who died had been weakened by liver complaints, from which many natives suffer. 129 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

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SUVA—OR THE BUSH Fiji's Unbalanced Labour Situation The wheel must have turned full circle when Australia —a traditional “white labour” country—is held up as an example of how to compete on world markets with natives and Asiatics. Yet this happened in Fiji recently.

THE credit squeeze which effectually killed the mushroom building boom in and about Suva has resulted in considerable unemployment.

Most of the unemployed were overnight “carpenters”—former labourers who became “tradesmen” by merely sticking a hammer in their belt and borrowing a saw. This class of unemployed was augmented by genuine tradesmen put off by the Public Works Department because of shortage of work.

Yet at the same time Mr. J. P.

Bayly, Fiji’s largest individual landowner, complains that he could not work all his rubber estates because of shortage of labour.

He said there had been recent reference to Fiji’s derelict rubber plantations. He controlled the three largest rubber estates in Fiji and they were far from derelict.

On Yarawi plantation, during the last four-weekly period, he tapped 4,000 lbs of sheet rubber. Mavua, the largest, was in excellent condition and so was Waidoi. Some of the trees had died along the roadside because the PWD had blocked the old plantation drains when they put the roads through, but the remainder of the trees were healthy.

Mr. Bayly said he would work Mavua and Waidoi if labour were available, but it was not.

This paradoxical situation regarding labour —unemployment in Suva and a labour shortage in the country 130 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

Magazine Subscriptions

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AMERICAN Better Homes & Gardens Saturday Evening Post Ladies Home Journal Vogue Holiday Down Beat Esquire Good Housekeeping Harpers Bazaar House Beautiful House and Garden Look Metronome Model Railroader McCalls Magazine National Geographic New Yorker Popular Mechanics Popular Photography Railroad Model Craftsman Seventeen Time What’s New in Home Economics ENGLISH Collins Young Elizabethan Country Life Geographical Magazine Good Housekeeping The Gramophone Harpers Bazaar Homes and Gardens House and Garden Illustrated London News Listener Theatre World Vogue Woman The Woman’s Journal The Woman’s Weekly Lilliput FOREIGN Chapeaux Modeles La Coiffure de Paris Constanze Modeheft L’Officiel Realities -is plainly due to the fact that rorkers, their wives and families, mg used to town life, will not go ito the country. It is a common mdency in most countries.

Houses are very hard to obtain in le country. There is practically o such thing as an empty house in >untry districts, except derelict lanties.

Even if labour quarters were availble on rubber plantations, schoolig has to be considered along with aily bus fares to some fairly istant school.

In any case, people simply do not ant to go into the country.

It is a development problem, as mtended by Mr. Bayly when he lys that high inducements have to 3 offered by Indian cane growers > get labour to cut cane.

He also cites the fact that each lorning lorry loads of Indians go om Nausori to Suva to work. He iso said that the main cause of le Nausori mill closing was shortje of labour, and that the same actor was an important conibutory cause for shutting down le pineapple cannery at Lautoka. • In this connection he compared Fiji with Queensland, where 2,500 white growers with 7J>OO acres of land, in 1956, contributed more than £ 3,000,000 in canned pineapples to Australian exports.

These exports, grown by white labour, competed successfully on the world's markets.

Mi*. Bayly said that there were )w 150,000 Fijians, many living on low subsistence level, and added lat Sir Jeffrey Clay, agricultural :pert from the Colonial Office, told m that the low individual producan of the Fijian was a matter of mcern.

Mr. Bayly replied: “Would you id I produce if a baron could take from us?”

Sir Jeffrey replied at once: “You ean the communal system?”

“The Fijian,” says Mr. Bayly, luffers from a kind of malaise used by the dead hand of the mmunal system; so being the alist that he is, he bails up.

“The economic system of the 3lony demands that the communal stem over the Fijians be abolished ith as little delay as possible, and tat the Fijians be allowed freedom enter into business which now almost exclusively run by Eurosans and Indians.”

The French sloop Francis Gamier sited Wallis and Futuna Islands in igust and was due in Apia Western imoa, on September 6.

Laurie Graham, of Lautoka, won ie Vatukoula open golf championlip recently, to add it to an already ipressive championship list for the 58 season. He had previously taken it the Fiji, Ba and Lautoka Golf lub titles.

Papuan Pioneer Honoured

At Mamba Estate

r[ERE was much festivity and feasting at Mamba Rubber Estate, Papua, on August 17, to mark the 30th anniversary of the arrival in Papua of well-known Territorian, Mr. Herbert Kienzle.

The carnival got under way at the school ground about 10 o’clock where hundreds of the plantation employees in native finery and head-dresses gathered to dance and provide amusement for the onlookers.

At the same time, the cooking fires were started. Central piece for the banquet to come was a bullock—the first one of the Estate’s post-war imported stock to be slaughtered. In addition there were 14 pigs and mountains of sweet potatoes, taros, yams, com, bananas and other native fruit and vegetables.

The dancers began to make their presentations to Mr. Kienzle in the early afternoon—dancing their way across the field to place group gifts of pigs or food, or individual gifts ranging from armlets to pineapple clubs, before the guest of honour, A speaker from each group spoke eloquently and with obvious sincerity in tribute to Mr. Kienzle. 131 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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They Represented Fiji at Malayan Athletics iji sent a team of four athletes to Malaya September to take part in the Malayan nes, which were part of the independence ‘brations. Dressed in light blue blazers and inctive sulus they attracted attention at ►cot airport when they passed through ney. For one of the team, Mesulame uro, it was the second stop at Sydney, as was there last November on his way to the mpic Games. n the above picture are (left to right): owale Vatani, Jo Tokona, Mesulame and ione Serna. The manager, Mr. L. 0. Simp- , is in front.

Aesulame was scheduled to take part in ;us and shot putt events; Jo in the high ip, long jump, and hop, step and jump; owale in the discus, javelin and shot putt; I Simione in the 100 and 220 yards. The r men were scheduled to run as a team in 4 x 110 yards relay. unds to send the team to Malaya were ed by public subscription in Fiji, suppleited by an offer of more than £500 from Asian Foundation, a Malayan philanthropic anisation, and more than £150 raised privately the Batu Rabat area, where the Fiji talion was based. The Malayan Amateur letic Association promised to provide any mce required. he Fiji subscription raised about £1,100, subscriptions were so slow in the early jes that it appeared that funds would be jfficient to allow a team to be sent. The ernment of Fiji gave £250, and the Fijian lirs Board £150. he slow rate of subscription in the Colony uld serve as a warning to the Fiji Amateur letic Association if it wishes to send a m to the Empire Games at Cardiff in Wales t year. he Association should immediately begin a ipaign to raise funds. It is unlikely that Welsh philanthropist will come to the cue as was the case with Malaya.

Over last week-end in August Dords were broken in Noumea len 31 natives were arrested for ing drunk. During the month August 103 natives were arrested r drinking to excess.

Nickel Boom May End 1960 RECENT discoveries of nickel ore in Canada may affect the nickel boom in New Caledonia after 1960 —by which year the Canadian mines are expected to be producing 18,000 tons per annum.

In the meantime, the Nickel Co. in New Caledonia has received Government permission to increase its price for smelted nickel, for the second time in 12 months. The new price will be 1,000 Fes. per kilo.

A. F. R. STODDART RETIRES Fijians Farewell a Friend Appreciation of his interest in local sport was expressed, in many tangible ways before Fiji’s Retiring Colonial Secretary, Mr. A. F. R. Stoddart, left the Colony on retirement.

During his eight years in Fiji, Mr.

Stoddart was a familiar figure at a:l rugby matches and at athletic meetings. Particularly among Fijians and part-Europeans was his presence appreciated.

On the eve of his departure from the Colony he was presented with many gifts to remind him of his association with sport in Fiji.

The Suva Rugby Union presented him with a table cigarette lighter in an interval in a Saturday game.

Spectators and players sat in front of the grandstand and after Mr. Stoddart had thanked the Union the crowd of approximately 1,000 spectators and players spontaneously broke into the Fijian farewell song “Isa Lei”. It was an occasion which Mr. Stoddart will not forget.

Typical among the many farewell parties was one given by the Imperial Football Club; it was attended by more than 300 people.

He was presented with a yaka writing pad with tortoise shell corners and accessories.

Presentations were also made to him by the Fiji and Suva Cricket Associations.

Mr. Stoddart left Fiji from Nadi airport on August 24. He will spend some time in the United States before retiring to the UK.

Mr. Stoddart’s easy and friendly informality has indeed made him very popular with the public. 133 iCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Australian Gold Development, Nl—The

open cut on top of Mt. Victor has been deepened to 20 ft. and cut in for 18 ft.

There is 12 ft. of ore in the face and going underfoot.

Dish prospects in and around a 1 ft. blue kaolin seam in the middle of the ore give 15 dwt. gold values.

The object of the work is to determine the pitch of the ore to select the best spot for a tunnel.

No. 1 adit near the top of Clarke's Ridge has been extended 15 to 35 ft. in ore and kaolin. A chipped sample along the bottom of the drive over the last 15 ft. gave 7 dwt. values.

Alternative bands of kaolin and ore appear to be dipping westerly.

No. 2 adit has been opened on the eastern slope above 50 ft. under No. 1 adit.

In No. 3 adit on the western slope, about 60 ft. below the ridge cap, country rock has hardened, and will require explosives. * * * AUSTRALASIAN PETROLEUM CO. PTY., LTD.,

And Island Exploration Co. Pty., Ltd

The latest progress report was: Barikewa: Some difficulty has been experienced in deviating a new hole to bypass the drill pipe stuck in the original hole. This operation is now proceeding satisfactorily and the side-tracking hole had reached 6,815 ft. on September 10.

Sireru: The hole has been deepened 1,210 ft. to 1,510 ft. with 9| in. casing at 724 ft., and has been abandoned. Water was encountered in the geological equivalent to the Kuru gas horizon.

Komewu: The hole has been deepened 1,109 ft. to 5,926 ft.

CSR CHEMICALS PTY., LTD—This largely owned subsidiary of the CSR Refining Co. has announced plans to build a new plant to begin Australian production of the chemical, vinyl acetate monomer. The announcement followed a recent agreement with British Celanese, Ltd., which provides knowledge and technical assistance in the erection and operation of the plant.

The work, which will cost about £500,000, is starting immediately, and the plant is expected to be in operation before the end of 1958.

The raw materials in vinyl acetate have been produced at the company's plant at Rhodes in Sydney for some years and are based primarily on the sugar industry. Vinyl acetate and its derivatives are important in many fields of manufacture, including emulsion paints and new types of adhesives. As an adhesive, polyvinyl acetate is used for wood, glass, paper and plastics.

Applications as an adhesive include prepackaging, wood-bonding in furniture making, bookbinding and binding papers and fibres into non-woven fabrics. In the US it has replaced a large percentage of the chicle in chewing gum.

The manufacture of industrial and domestic floor polishes is another bog potential outlet, which will probably reach a figure compar. with that for paint manufacture in a years, the company reported.

Vinyl acetate is a raw material for an portant compound used to make modern grai phone records and plastic floor tiles.

British Celanese was recently absorbed Courtaulds, Ltd., UK, a company which alre has associations with CSR. * ❖ sjs

Enterprise Of New Guinea Gold I

PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT, NL—The direc propose to offer forfeited shares in the g pany's hands and shares unallotted in prev issues to shareholders. The shares will offered at (1/- a share) —3d a share applicai money, and 9d a share call in advance.

Recent returns were: July, 78 oz from tons of development ore; August, 433 oz fl 36 tons development ore. sjs $ * KEREMA RUBBER, LTD.—Net profit for half-year to June 3 fell by £6,452 to £14,» but the interim dividend remains at 1\ cent. The directors reported that abnorm heavy rain throughout the period cause* slight reduction in output.

In addition the average price of rubber by about 7d a pound. Production is now H to normal, and the recent price of rubber been steady at 3/1 a pound.

Last year the company paid a total divid of 20 per cent.

The June production was 42,906 lb (41, lb in June, 1956). ❖ *

Koitaki Para Rubber Estates, Lte

Production of rubber in July was 81,000 compared with 58,000 lb in June, and previous record of 60,000 lb for August, 1* 134 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

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PARKE, DAVIS & COMPANY, LTD. (Inc. U.S.A.) SYDNEY v -eduction for the year to June 30 totalled 000 lb, compared with 640,000 lb in first six months of 1956. ♦ * * ILORUA RUBBER ESTATES, LTD —The June 1 was 43,654 lb, compared with 41,086 lb one, 1956. ♦ * * ARABOI RUBBER, LTD—Net profit for the ended June 30 was £50,430, against 051 in the previous year, and £26,666 in 1-55. The dividend remains unchanged at icr cent. —a final dividend of 7\ per cent, ayable on September 30. ic balance to be carried forward is £52,818. ie directors reported that during the year average price realised for all grades of er was 33.46 d per 1b—9.67d per lb below for the previous year. The heavy decline entirely offset by a production increase 75,058 lb. The total output of 883,445 >r the year was a record for the company, e cost of delivering rubber c.i.f. and e., ralian ports, averaged 18.67 d per lb for year, a reduction of 3.71 d per lb. e directors also reported that the current is for all grades of rubber had, for some hs, been steady round the 2/9 mark, and ndications pointed to this remaining firm, te June output was 73,071 lb (89,737 lb une, 1956). ♦ * * •W GUINEA GOLDFIELDS, LTD—A further n of capital of 3d a share is to be made, ting the shares to 3/6 each. The sum Ived, £55,904, should be returned as al because of the wasting nature of the lany's mining property, the directors say. pita) will be reduced to £782,661. The al return will be the second in 12 months.

November 6d a share, amounting to ,806, was repaid. ie company also proposes to convert shares itock and to alter the articles of assoon. iturns for July and August were—July: en Ridges Mill, 1,317 oz fine gold, 1,506 silver, Tributes, 127 oz fine gold; Timber 646 super ft. August: Golden Ridges 1,094 oz fine gold, 1,302 oz silver; nga Alluvials, 14,518 cubic yds.; Tributes, oz fine gold; Timber, 152,531 super ft. * * * ICKEL.—The International Nickel Co. of ida is investigating recently discovered el country in the Morobe highlands of New iea. ie Bulolo Gold Dredging Co. has applied for ospecting lease of 8,000 acres in the same itry. r. D. R. De Vletter, a Dutch geologist, is esenting International Nickel, producers of jer cent, of the Western world's nickel, r. J. Thompson, a senior administration ogist, first found the nickel in top soil of ia Valley. * * *

Orfolk Island And Byron Bay Whaling

LTD. —The directors report that completion he 1957 quotas at both stations now seems red. The company has caught 80 whales Byron Bay—over half the quota. Whaling hat station is expected to be completed by ember 26, depending on the weather, he chaser will then return to Norfolk Island complete the quota there—3B are required complete the quota. In October, 1956, 82 les were taken at Norfolk Island, he company has altered its balancing date i September 30 to October 31. * * * IL SEARCH, LTD.—This company has made offer to buy all the capital of Oriomo Oil, , on a share exchange basis. The offer of four Oil Search stock units of 5/i in exchange for every five stock units 5 - in Oriomo. riomo is purely a holding company, and its holding of 521,772 Oil Search stock units is in the ration of 81:100 to its own capital of 624.120 units. All directors of Oriomo are also directors of Oil Search.

The offer is conditional on acceptance by 76 per cent, of Oriomo stockholders (or such smaller ratio as Oil Search may agree to) by October 31. Oil Search has the right to extend the final date, but not beyond December 31.

Mr. G. B. Kater, chairman of Oriomo, in recommending the offer, said that the Stock Exchange value of each Oriomo unit should be about four-fifths of the value of Oil Search units, but for some years this had not been the case.

"By accepting the present offer, this disparity will be eliminated, and at the same time Oil Search, Ltd., will benefit directly, since Oil Search, Ltd., will be called upon to issue less new stock than it will acquire as a result of its purchase of stock in Oriomo Oil, Ltd.," he said.

Acceptance will also give Oriomo stockholders a direct voice and vote in Oil Search, and the right to participate directly in any new share issues, Mr. Kater said. * * *

Papuan Apinaipi Petroleum Co., Ltd.—

The company expects to spud-in a well during October, according to an announcement by the chairman (Mr. Bruce Graham, MP). The field programme for the current year includes further integration and extension of regional and detail exploration. The object is to provide drilling targets, including drilling a well at Kaufana in the eastern portion of the permit.

Mr. Graham also announced that the Commonwealth Government has extended the company's permit to prospect in Papua and New Guinea for a further three years to August, 1960. * * * RUBBERLANOS, LTD.—An interim dividend of per cent, will be payable on September 23. The total payout in each of the last two 135 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Sydney Stock

EXCHANGE September 9 Buyer Seller Philp . . 64/- 64/3 Philp (SS) . .. . 45/6 47/- . £56] £56| Plantations — 12/halls . . 38/9 40/- Timber . 23/6 — a Rubber . .. 12/- 12/6 .. 16/- 17/6 a Rubber Estates . . 9/- 9/9 oi Rubber ■ - 8/- 8/5 k Is. Whaling . ■ 6/- 6/3 sland Insurance 68/- — sland Insurance (new) 66/6 — rlands . . 7/6 7/7 Pacific Insurance . . 50A Pac. Insurance (new) 50/ships Trading .. 51/6 51/9 Oil 13/11 Carpenter . . . 21/3 21/6

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FIJI Aug., '39 June, '57 Sept. 9, '57 or . . . b9/11 bl0/3 b6 8 a . . . . s25/6 b27/b34/- PAPUA-NEW GUINEA i - . . . b!24A b45A b41 A • Ltd. . . bl/10 b2/2 b2/3£ earch . . b3/l1 bl4/l1 b7/10 of N.G. . — s2A blUd o Oil . . b5/b6/6 b5/6 n Apin. . b4/l 1 b3/6 b3/3 1 Dev. . . b68/6 bl01/6 bll2/6 Creek . bl/5 s6d b2id QUEENSLAND INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated 1886 In Australia) Assets Exceed £10,000,000 Head Office:

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VlLA.—Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

Comptoirs Francais Des Nouvelles Hebrides.

NOUMEA.—L. & W. Johnston.

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Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

Also to any of the Company’s Offices in Australia or N.Z. cial years was 15 per cent, and anticipaare that the final payout this year will be 15 per cent. net profit of £10,586 for the half-year been reported. Profit for the whole of last financial year was £24,571, at an ge price of 3/0a a pound. » June yield was 37,995 lb. * * *

4Dy Creek Gold Sluicing, Ltd—The

return was approximately 32 oz gold from cubic yards of material. In August; 19 ) dwt from 1,800 cubic yards. * * *

Jthern Pacific Insurance Co., Ltd —

profit of this W. R. Carpenter subsidiary lie year ended March 31 was £33,984, an ise of £11,387 on that of the previous ial year. The dividend, steady at 10 per requires £11,875 on larger capital (last £10,000). remaining profit of £22,119 is added to forward, which now stands at £139,374. gross profit was £53,584. from which revision of £19,600 was made. underwriting surplus before tax was B7, an increase of £7,470, after allowing 25 for unexpired risks reserve (down 7). The investment income was £34,597 3,517). premiums rose by £48,012 to £715,685, laims and expenses increased by £48,529 1674,873. Unexpired risks reserve at 635 is 47 7 per cent, of the year's net urns. directors consider the position satisfy, and will continue the company's r of acting cautiously regarding the lance of risks and of steadily building irious departments.

I?

R. CARPENTER AND CO., LTD.—See article ige 40 this issue.

Rarotonga Purge

Dogs Have Maybe Had Their Day THE Rarotonga Island Council has at last fallen into line with other Island Councils in the Cook Islands by passing legislation to rid the island of stray dogs.

For years Rarotonga has been infested with packs of hungry, diseased, unsightly mongrels which were serving no useful purpose whatever.

They disturb the night with their fighting, and are a menace to people on the roads, especially cyclists.

Regular blitzs were made against unregistered dogs, but the extraordinary feature was that a large percentage of these dogs were registered by their owners who evidently considered them worth the annual fee.

If any ordinance existed requiring the keeping of dogs on leash at night, it was never enforced.

However, all that is—apparently —to be ended. Female pups are to be destroyed forthwith, and all female dogs are to be destroyed within a year.

After that the remaining males will be permitted to live out a bachelor existence in which there will presumably be little incentive for night-fighting, and as they die off the Raratonga Dog will have had his Day —always assuming that the ordinance can he, and is, enforced.

H A Brisbane technical school has built and presented a row-boat to Papuan Sea Scouts t Dr. John E. Kennedy. of Bloomfield, Connecticut, USA, is the new Director of Medical Services in American Samoa. Dr. Kennedy has with him his wife and six children. He is familiar with tropical hospitals. He has been on medical staffs in both Guam and the Trust Territories.

Rabaul Wedding Mr. and Mrs. J. Chow after their wedding recently in the Roman Catholic Church, Rabaul, NG. Shown also in the photograph are Mr. N.

Chow, the Rev. Father Dwyer, and Miss R.

Chow, bridesmaid.

Photo: C. H. Meen. 137 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Discouraged By Cheap

“Foreign” Production

Rice Industry In Papua-N. Guinea r[E high hopes entertained a few vears ago that rice production might be established as a major agricultural industry in Papua and New Guinea have not been fulfilled. This is chiefly because rice can be landed in Territory ports, more often than not, at a price which competes with the cheapest that P-NG can produce.

The industry is becoming established. however, as an important contributor to the food supply of the native population—that is, the natives are growing it for their own sustenance.

“As a matter of Administration policy, the cultivation of rice is being encouraged everywhere in the Territory where the land is suitable and cultivation can be economically justified”, said Mr. W. L. Conroy, one of the Agricultural Department chiefs; “and the Administration will pay full market rates, as part of rationing organisation, for any native rice produced surplus to native requirements.

“But as a factor in the economy of the country, rice cultivation has slipped back in the last three or four years—principally because the import rates for rice here has meant lower returns, and the growers can do better with other crops.”

AT the moment, all commercial cropping was being done with dry rice; but experiments were being made with irrigation, in various places, in the hope of introducing padi rice.

There had been commercial production of rice in the Mekeo and the Markham districts, said Mr.

Conroy; and in some small areas in the Madang, New Britain and East Papua areas, where Europeans had used mechanical and semimechanical methods. But progress had halted in these places, because of the price of imported rice.

Rice cultivation, on commercial lines, would have to be as completely mechanised as in other countries if the local product was to compete.

The Mekeo rice-growers still were battling along, however three European growers, and the Sacred Heart mission had kept going.

Some experiments were carried out in the Sepik country about four years ago, but they proved that the plains were sterile. Since then, they had been experimenting to see if the introduction of fertilisers would permit economic producticr Native rice-growing had expanc in such districts as the Purari dej South Bougainville, South N Britain, the Sepik, around Mii Bay, and 500 miles up the : River, and the Administration woi buy from these people any surp they had. It also would buy pi rice from the European growers,, the ruling import rates. But price now was at £62/10/- per tl f.o.b. Australian ports, so there v not much in it for the Europe growers.

Editorial Note: This puts another crimp in tail of the “cheap black laboi myth. The “foreigners” involved! the supply of rice to P-NG are,, course, Australians. Australian i growers have a monopoly of the i trade with the Territory and h:. had since the end of the Pac war. Before the war, there v a high proportion of Asian i imported to P-NG, most of it fn Saigon. Australia has never, anytime, been famous as a low-c country, and at the present ti less so than ever. On the face; it, it is extraordinary that P-! cannot produce cheaper than A tralia; yet at least half a do* promising industries in the Tei tory have foundered for that v; reason in the post-war period. 138 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

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Males Increasing

Ster In Fiji

[?]dians Make Up 49% of Population }PULATION figures in Fiji always make news. But the news from the 1956 census res is a little different: lales are increasing more idly than the males, owever, women in Fiji need not t to worry yet. It will be a years before the leeway is le up. he latest Census showed that veen 1946 and 1956 the male ulation increased by 30.5 per t., while the female increase was per cent, rends of the last 35 years show t the disparity between the ss will diminish each year, until stage is reached when the ales start to draw away, he present disproportion stems q the manner in which the ulation of the Colony has sloped in the last century grants from overseas). here were always more males i females among the immiits, and by the end of the First •Id War the males held a comiding lead. he immigrant excess of males is falling because of deaths.

Racial Percentage

INCREASES he 1956 Census showed that nese and part-Chinese increased a greater rate than any other ; in the previous 10 years—3.7s cent, a year. hey were followed closely by her” Pacific Islanders, at 3.64 cent, a year. This latter figure largely built up by the settleit of Kioa Island by Ellice nders, and continued migration Banabans to Rabi Island, idian population increases still tinue to lead that of the genous race. etween 1921-36 the Indian inise was 2.27 per cent, a year, the next decade it rose to 3.55 cent, a year, but dropped htly to 3.46 a year between 1946 1956. The Fijian increases in same period were 0.98 per t., 1.92 per cent, and 2.29 per he European population inised at a greater rate each year 1946-56 than in the previous 10 rs (3.38 per cent, against 1.32 cent.), but the part-European •eases dropped slightly (from per cent, in 1936-46 to 2.44 per t. in the next 10 years). he Rotuman increases in 1946-56 raged 2.93 per cent, a year, against 1.53 per cent, each year between 1936 and 1946.

The total population of Fiji is 345,737; Fijians make up 43 per cent.; and Indians 49 per cent. t The Fiji Government does not propose to introduce the pay-asyou-earn system of income tax.

The subject was raised when it was announced that NZ was to have the P-A-Y-E system in 1958. Australia has had P-A-Y-E since World War 11, and it has been a boon to wage earners. The Fiscal Review Committee in Fiji recommended the system more than three years ago but it was not adopted. Suva Chamber of Commerce was opposed to it.

Fiji Lottery Permits

Following public criticism of the power of the Fiji Police Commissioner (Mr. R. H. T.

Beaumont) in the control of lotteries, the Legislative Council has agreed in principle that the law should be revised.

The proposed new law will probably define and control the authority for issuing lottery permits, and that the issue should reflect more accurately public sentiment towards lotteries. t Damage estimated at £B,OOO was caused by a fire which destroyed a Shell Co. building at Vuda, near Nadi, in Fiji, last month. 139

Cific Islands Monthly September. 1 » 5 7

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FOOT ITCH Helped Ist Day Do your foet Itch so badly that they nearly drive you crazy? Doea the skin crack and peel? Are there blisters between your toes and on the soles of your feet? If you suffer from these foot troubles the real cause Is a germ or fungus which you must kill to get rid of the trouble. Fortunately It Is at last possible to end these foot troubles, Tinea and stubborn cases of Eczema, Ringworm, etc., with an American Hospital Discovery called Nixoderm. Nixoderm stops the itch in 7 minutes, kills germs and fungus and in 24 hours the skin begins to heal clear and smooth. Get Nixoderm from your chemist to-day under positive guarantee to return your money if not satisfied ?]olo Travellers in September... [?]’S BOTANIC [?]DENS [?]rds of Paradise and Orchids E, New Guinea, aims to have me of the best Botanical Garlens in the tropics and already i work has been done. ie of the natural advantages fed by Lae is its permanent louse climate—an average 150 is of rain per annum and idity to match. present there are 64 acres r lawns and gardens with numof specimen native trees growin their natural surroundings.

It of rain-forest has been pred along the banks of a creek i runs through the area, e creek has been dammed to a lake with two floral islands ie centre, which are planted brilliantly-coloured cannas lowering trees; water lillies are : established in the lake itself. 0 things make Lae’s gardens ie: One is the several pairs of 1 of Paradise which are now > in the belt of rain-forest, the other feature is the coln of orchids. 5 basis of the magnificent d display is a collection made r. and Mrs. John Millar when were living at Bulolo. The Adtration purchased the Millar tion which had been estabi from NG collecting expediand through exchanges with Africa, Brazil, Australia, -ii and America, bough this is no longer the ir” collection, the Millars have levered their connection with it entirely. They, too, have gone to Lae. Mr. Millar is now at the Mac- Robertson cocoa plantation, and Mrs. Millar works with the Forestry Department at the Botanical Gardens as a horticulturist.

Walks and terraces have already been constructed in the gardens and planted with the most floriferous of native and exotic orchids.

These are growing in full sunshine and already cover over half an acre of ground. The orchid which is almost New Guinea’s national flower, the lovely white and purple Dendrobium veratrifolium, has long spikes each of which lasts for three months. It flowers almost all year round.

A recent addition to the attractions is two large cages for native animals. Two pairs of tree kangaroos have settled down and are showing a marked liking for visitors. There are also specimens of creamy-ginger, spotted cus-cus and the naked-tail possum. These are more timid than the tree kangaroos.

Visitors are always welcome at the gardens, and already it is a must for tourists who are always passing through on ships and by t The Fiji Basketball team which toured New Zealand in August and early September returned home on September 6. It played 30 matches, many of them against the stronger provinces for 25 wins, four losses and one draw. It concluded the tour with 11 wins in a row. In addition it won all six games it played against teams competing in the annual Dominion tournament. [?]ongst Territorians who left Sydney for [?]-New Guinea on September "Bulolo" were, [?]o right: [?]J. Pym for Madang to rejoin her and who is the manager at the local Philp branch. Mrs. Pym had been in alia for the wedding of her daughter.

Mr. and Mrs. Davis of Port Moresby, who have been on Australian leave. Mrs Davis sailed on "Bulolo"; Mr. Davis will follow later.

Mrs. J. P. Butler, who left for Rabaul where she will rejoin her husband. Inspector J. Butler.

With Mrs. Butler is daughter Heather, aged 5.

Dr. and Mrs. M. Dowell and their threeyear-old son, Martin. Dr. Dowell will join the staff of the Anglican Mission Hospital at Gona, Papua. Also shown is the Rev. Father Sydney Smith (left) who is at present on three months' leave from New Britain, where he has been for 11 years.

An orchid house in the gardens. 141 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1967

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It could be that, as the marketing and shipping conditions following the MOF contract develop, the Carpenter crushing mills established in Rabaul and Suva will become rather important factors. They will tend, probably, to stabilise factors like freight and handling charges.

Future Profit Is Obscure

AT present, a NG planter gets £57/15/- for a ton of hot-airdried copra delivered at Territories port; and calculates his profit accordingly.

Under the 1958 arrangements, now coming into sight, there is little indication of what he will get, eventually.

The Australian consumers, and the Carpenter mill, will not pay more than is to be paid by Unilever, under the new contract.

There is no indication of what deductions will be made, in 1958 onwards, by the Marketing Board for its services and for the funds which Government insist on accumulating.

Under the Unilever contract, a ton of good copra may realise, in Europe, on to-day’s Philippine prices, £5B/10/-, after deducting, say, 5 per cent, for shrinking and 2 per cent, for discount, and adding 50/- per ton for No. 1 premium. £5B/10/- Sterling would be equal to about £73 Australian How much will the Board deduct in 1958 for storage, handling charges, freight, and insurance? It is anyone’s guess. But it will be substantially more than £l5/5/ — which is the difference between what the planter now gets, and the £73 Australian which might be paid by Unilever for the ton of copra in a British port.

Fiji Position

THE position in Fiji is not .quite the same as in Papua-New Guinea.

In Fiji, the Carpenter mills could take all the copra produced, if necessary; but it may be deemed prudent to sell a proportion of the Fiji production to Unilever, under a contract similar to that made by the P-NG Board.

Up to the date of this writing, no announcement has been made in Fiji.

Copra Prospects Generally

MEN who should be sound judges consider that the copra industry prospects are good. Not only is the world population increasing rapidly, but the standard of living of great masses of people is improving, so that they demand more food, and a greater variety of it.

For example, there are 400 million people in India, and their living standards are rising. They a essentially consumers of vegetal oils —they will not eat animal fats and they want more and me vegetable oil, as the changes in t copra market in Ceylon and Mala indicate.

Other countries with large popu. tions—in South America, for exam] —also are now demanding cocor oil supplies.

“It is not so much a question demand, as of exchange”, said c experienced observer. “If only tr had the means of buying, 1 countries of Asia could consu every ton of coconut oil produced the Pacific area. . . If only 1 Asians could produce goods acce able to the copra-producing counti (or to the countries from which ; copra-producers buy their requi ments) there would be no bott to the copra market in Asia.”

Unilever's Offer to BSIP UNILEVERS have made an o: to buy the bulk of the co production of the BSIP. 1 was announced recently by chairman of the BSIP Co Board, Mr. A. M. Wilkie.

The Board has been consider the offer and it seems likely t they will follow P-NG’s lead in matter—reserving some copra sell on the open market and sene some to Australia. (It was arran 142

September, Iss 7 Pacific Islands Month!

Copra in 1958 (Continued from Page 21)

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ie years ago that in order to intain communications with Auslia, a certain amount of BSIP ira would be reserved for backding for Burns Philp ships). ’he BSIP’s representative at the le conferences in UK and rope, Mr. E. J. Thomsett, rened recently to Honiara. He i that wherever he went, buyers I crushers had some complaint iut the quality of South Pacific >ra. Many of the complaints e about dust which makes the ning process difficult. At least per cent, of copra now is used edible purposes and it is there- ; necessary to have better lity than if it were to be made ) soap. he BSIP Copra Board had ned that on present indications re will be a sharp fall in copra ir the end of the agreement in ember, 1957.

Maui Pomare Travellers ie trochus fishing season led in New Caledonia, Sep- ?er 1. Minimum size is 10 imetres. There is no limitation he season this year. Opening ations are 50,000 fcs (£350) a Maximum quotation was 0 fcs (£441) in June, 1956.

In January

Matson Cruise To S. Pacific TWO Matson Line executives arrived in Australia recently for a survey in preparation for the 72-day cruise of the Matson flagship, Lurline, early in 1958.

Lurline, with about 600 tourists, will call at Sydney, Port Moresby, Auckland, Wellington, Papeete, Nukualofa, Suva, Bali, Singapore, Bangkok, Manila, Hongkong and Yokohama.

The scouts were finding out what was on offer for tourists—including souvenirs—and seemed impressed with Port Moresby plans. t In its endeavours to stop tribal warfare—immemorial practice in the Sepik District—the New Guinea Administration in May brought 24 Mianmin natives before the Supreme Court at Wewak, and they were sentenced to death for killing 16 Atbalmin natives, in a battle, or raid. ... It was solemnly announced in Port Moresby on September 4 that “the Governor- General of Australia, in Council”, had commuted the death sentences to 41 years’ imprisonment. . . . The application of Old Country procedure in this way seems farcical. Surely Canberra genius can devise some more effective system, without the use of Governor-Generals and Supreme Courts, to convince these that their jungle brawls must cease. [?] Pomare" travellers from Auckland to Cook Islands, in August, included; ber: Dr. and Mrs. A. S. Wallace, Jeremy [?]inn, who were bound for Rarotonga where [?]Wallace, Medical Officer of Health, Auckwas to relieve for a few months, [?]er: Mr. R. Taia, returning to Rarotonga, farewelled in Auckland by members of [?]amily.

Photos: J. P. Shortall. 143 ICIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Heaths Of Islands People

Mr. Harold Gatty

Ir. Harold Gatty, of Suva, Fiji, 1 suddenly on August 30. (See cial article elsewhere in this le.) MR. A. O. BARRACK Ir. Arnold Oscar Barrack, a tner resident of Fiji, died in jkland on August 29, after a ;f illness, at the age of 62. [e was born in Fiji and spent greater part of his life as a Bless operator with the Posts and Bgraphs Department, and for le years with Amalgamated eless (Australasia) Ltd., on mdment from the Government rice. !e retired six years ago and it with his family to live in :kland. [r. Barrack was a Master of the sonic Lodge of Fiji.

Madame Lafleur

he death occurred in Paris mtly of Madame Henry Lafluer, ; ul ex-oeuator Lafleur, New “donian self-made mining jnate. he late Madame Lafleur (nee adine Spahr) was greatly rented not only in New Caledonia in France. be was particularly devoted to service of New Caledonians lying in France and her home Paris was always open to them.

Mr. Amie Ragg

:r. Amie Ragg, AMICE, ISO, one r iji’s best known citizens, passed y at his home in Suva on Sepber 5, at the age of 78, followa stroke. He was a senior memof the Ragg family—Sir Hugh g is his brother, i’. Amie Ragg was born in Fiji, began life as a marine engineer, served for a time on the old ladi. Then he served ashore, a, time, as a mechanical engineer; , when he was approaching die age, he entered the service he Department of Public Works, ecognising that he might be reled by lack of academic qualitions, he studied and gained the ificate of AMICE at the age of He eventually became Director the Public Works Department, 3 the Colony lengthy and disuished service, and was awarded Imperial Service Order. The d Director of Works after his rement, was his eldest son, ;h; who now is also retired, e married Miss Florence heway, of Brisbane, 56 years ago, she survives him. p was an elected member of the slative Council for six years, and his life was a sturdy defender he rights of the Fijian people. :r. Amie Ragg took a lifelong, lively interest in public affairs, and served on many public bodies. His keen mind stirred up occasional controversies, especially in relation to Indian settlement; but everyone —even his strongest opponents— liked and respected him. Mr. and Mrs. Amie Ragg had three children two sons (Hugh and Mosman) and one daughter (Mrs. A Messenger, a resident of Suva).

Mrs. Zillah Sherman

The death occurred on August 15, after a short illness, of Mrs. Zillah Sherman, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

Frank Whitcombe, of Suva. Her parents are members of old Fiji families.

Mrs. Sherman, a former pupil of St. Joseph’s Convent, was a talented singer.

Her husband, Mr. John Sherman, of Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., went to Fiji with the Australian Rugby team in 1953, and decided to stay in the colony.

There was a large attendance at the Sacred Heart Cathedral and at the Suva cemetery. The Suva Rugby Union was represented by officials and many rugby players were present.

Mrs. Sherman is survived by her husband and small son, her parents, and six sisters, one of whom is Sister Colette, of Suva. (Oven 145 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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MR. J. G. BOILEAU Mr. John George Boileau, dii September 1 at Brisbane, Queer land, aged 67.

Known as “Jovial Jack” to ; New Guinea and Papuan frien he was a West Australian by bir He went to Papua first about l! and was in charge of mains, te phones, etc., in Port Moresby the whole of his Service with t Murray Administration.

He leaves a widow and a grow up family.

On arrival back in Australia 1942 he took over all the electrii work for Norco Dairy Products Byron Bay, NSW, said to be t largest butter factory in the woi Resigning from there in 1956 a moving to Brisbane he was Electrical Inspector with the C Council until just before his dea

Mrs. L. Spowart

Mrs. Lavenia Spowart, widow the late William Spowart, dl recently at Samabula, Suva, at age of 79. She was born Lagalevu, Kadavu.

For many years she lived Lautoka, where her husband v a sugar boiler with the CSR From Lautoka she moved to Labi when her husband was transferii In 1937, on the retirement of I Spowart from the CSR, the fani moved to Levuka, where I Spowart managed a copra esti for several years.

Mr. and Mrs. Spowart fins settled in Suva, where Mr. Spows died three years ago.

She is survived by four daughk four sons, 19 grandchildren, a 10 great-grandchildren.

Mrs. Mary Boyer

Mrs. Mary Boyer, wife of late Alfred Boyer, died in Auckls on August 4, aged 81 years.

Formerly a Miss Leger, the I Mrs. Boyer’s mother was one the earliest settlers on Sum Island, Kermadecs. Prom Sum Island she settled in Samoa, the marrying an American nain Leger, from which union the I Mrs. Boyer was a child. T family later shifted to Tonga, whl Mrs. Boyer married Alfred Bod who was associated with a lead: business firm for many years. TT eventually settled in New Zealae Mr. Boyer dying there soon afi Mrs. Boyer is survived by a las family settled in Fiji and el* where.

Mr. Henry Simmons

Mr, Henry Simmons, who diedt September 1 at the Colonial V Memorial Hospital, Suva, at age of 47, was a prominent menu of the Imperial Rugby Foota Club in the late twenties.

He was born at Buca Bay, i educated at the CSR School, Lab:c and St. Felix College, Suva.

During his lifetime he won for Morris Hedstrom Ltd., the O

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Father E. Roe, Sm

•ather E. Roe, SM, priest-in- ,rge at Nadi, Fiji, died, August at the age of 63. [e was born in Ireland, and it to Fiji in 1925 where he yed at Suva, Sol(evu, Wairiki, msavu and Lautoka. a 1940 Father Roe returned to and on holiday, and the same r went to England, where he led the Royal Air Force, as a plain, serving six years. •n his return to the Pacific a he was appointed Provincial the Marist Fathers in Oceania, i his headquarters in Sydney, i 1953 he returned to Fiji to a up the appointment which he 1 at Nadi until his death.

Mr. A. B. Snodgrass

Cr. Arthur Buchanan Snodgrass, Drmer manager of the CSR Co. i at Nausori, Fiji, died recently Mosman, Sydney, at the age of reviously he had been manager the mills at Labasa and Ba. fter he left Fiji he held appointits at the Victoria Mill, Queensi, and the Condong Mill, NSW.

Mr. Snodgrass was popular with all sections of the community wherever he was stationed in Fiji.

He served in the First World War and rose to the rank of major.

Mr. Snodgrass is survived by his widow and three sons and two daughters.

The daughters, Mrs. E. Allpress and Mrs. D. S. Langdale, and one son, Jock, are still in Fiji.

Miss M. Brown

Miss Mary Brown, who had lived in Fiji since she was a young girl, died in Suva on August 13, at the age of 84.

She went to Fiji with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Brown. Her father was a carpenter and builder.

Her funeral was attended by many of the older residents of the Colony.

Mr. Richard Mervyn

GLASSON Another New Guinea old-timer died on August 4. He was Mr.

Richard Mervyn Glasson, one of the original Big Six. at Edie Creek. It was he, with Bill Royal, who discovered the Edie Creek goldfield in February, 1926.

He arrived in NG with the AN & MEF in 1914. After the First War he joined the Expropriation Board and for several years did good work as a schooner master until he left to go prospecting in the Morobe distnct in 1925, with Bill Royal, Chisholm, Bill Money and Joe Sloane.

He was a fine mate; dependable, and ready at all times to assist a friend. His death, in tragic circumstances, will sadden many Territorians.

During recent years he has resided on the NSW North Coast at Nambucca Heads, where he had a banana plantation. He was 72 years of age and he leaves a widow.- G.T.

New RA for Manihiki Mr. and Mrs. "Don" O'Brien of Rarotonga.

Mr. O'Brien was recently appointed Resident Agent, Manihiki/Rakahanga in the Northern Cooks. Born in the Cook Islands and a World War II ex-serviceman and p.o.w., Mr. O'Brien has been USS Co. wharfinger at Rarotonga for some years. Photo: J. P. Shortall. 147 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Titish migrants who were awaiting n assisted passage to Australia, he fact that the migrants were ble to work their way out, in ddition to earning pay, meant a iving of some thousands of pounds ) the Commonwealth Government.

Elliott himself expected to get a •ip to England to bring out the ona, and because he missed out he now out for vengeance.

If pressed hard enough by the ;sults of Mr. Elliott’s policy, rank nd file seamen may be brought to leir senses. Communist policies i the Australian waterfront in the -st eight or 10 years have led to diminuition of shipping, and work hard to get.

There are now more than 130 embers of the Seamen’s Union unale to get a ship. While waiting for ship they are unable to take other ork.

The Rona itself would offer work >r 15-17 seamen.

The ban on the Rona could mean lat Australian seamen will never ave the privilege of working her ad living in luxury—her crew carters are of a standard equal to assenger accommodation on a big tier.

The CSR has already moved to ansfer the Rona from the Ausalian to the British register in uva. This will enable the company ► engage a crew in Fiji.

It has been reported in Sydney lat Elliott is so annoyed with the SR that the Rona has been intenced to a 12-weeks tie-up, and nless the CSR accepts this the iona will also be tied up when she ext reaches Australia. The Seaen’s Union in the past has imposed sentences” on shipowners who have lucked” them.

Nothing has been said publicly in Australia, but such a ban could also lead to the transfer of Fiona from the Australian registry.

Seamen’s Union members are beginning to realise that Elliott’s Communist policies, instead of safeguarding their jobs, have led them to unemployment. A faction within the union has been plotting to get rid of Elliott and other Communist officials, but the Red grip is so strong that such a move is not likely to succeed quickly.

Union dues go on even though some seamen are out of jobs; Mr.

Elliott is amongst the officials whose salaries are always paid promptly.

II Mr. Lee Ashton, well known merchant of Lae, New Guinea, suffered a heart attack in mid- September, and is undergoing a course of treatment in hospital. t Tourists to Fiji spent an estimated £560,000 in 1956. The number ot tourists and the amount they spent in the Colony has been growing steadily since 1949.

Northbound per "Maul Pomare", from Auckland, NZ, recently (left to right): Mr. J. M. [?]IcEwen, Assistant Secretary of Island Territories, was paying his first visit to the Cook Islands; [?]r. D. Murray, who returned to duties at Social Development Department, Rarotonga, after leave- [?]Ir. Ron Crocombe, of Island Territories Department, who was bound for Atiu to relieve Resident [?]gent R. Thorby, who will take furlough; Mr. Maarateina Atatoa, head teacher at Oneroa, [?]angaia, and Pupuke Robati, CIMP, of Rarotonga, who were returning from a public health [?]eminar at Noumea.

Photos: J. P. Shortall. 149 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957 Black Ban on Rona (Continued from Page 19)

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We Dips Our Lid To —

Madam President and Her Ladies FOR the llth year in successioi Mrs. M. L. Foxcroft has beei elected President of the Ne\ Guinea Women’s Club of Sydney.

This must be some sort of a recorc However, it does not denote lack c enterprise on the part of the clu; members but rather that they ar. women who know that when the: have something good there is n reason to change.

Other members returned to offic at the Annual meeting in July were Vice-President: Mrs. J. Edwards Treasurer, Mrs. H, Clark; Secretary Mrs. H. J. Johnston; Committee Mesdames N. Lawes, J. Whiteman L. Clark, A. Green and K. Benny.

Mrs. L, Clark is the only ne v member elected; the rest of th ladies held office last year.

The club has now been in exist ence for 16 years. It was forme by Mrs. H. H. Page, who was th first president. She, with the activ co-operation of Mrs, U. Adams, buii it to do a very necessary job of war time service for the women who ha* been evacuated from the Territor The husbands of a large number o these women became prisoners • the Japanese in Rabaul and wei lost on the Montevideo Maru.

The club did not outlive ii usefulness with the end of the wait has since remained a focal poir for those women whose lives we:: so drastically changed by the evem of 1942-45; and has as well pro vided a meeting place for old an present Territorians when the latte are in Sydney on leave.

Not only are these Club ladii strong on social service, they sees to have also a talent for managin their financial affairs. We note thr at the end of June they were ato to carry-forward £300 — quite 8 achievement for a small social ch of this sort in these days of snov balling inflation.

To Be Filmed In Tahiti

THE famous blonde French actre* Martine Carol, with a party 28 cameramen, assistants, tecc nicians, etc., passed through Suva t September 6, en route from Paris Tahiti. She will star with Britir actor Roger Livesey in a joii French-Australian production “The Stowaway,” to be filmed location in Tahiti.

The party came out to Nadi the French airline TAI, and w© on from Laucala Bay to Tahiti a specially chartered TEAL flyim boat. 150

September, 19 5 7 -Pacific Islands Monthu

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Many Achievements [?] His 54 Years

Late Harold Gatty’S Remarkable Life

Friends of Harold Charles Gatty, who may have deplored his death at the early age of 54 (suddenly, from a heart attack, in Suva on August 30) may take some consolation from the fact that he packed into his 54 years enough variety, adventure, and achievement to satisfy half a dozen average men.

VLTHOUGH born ah Australian, and trained as a ship’s officer (his formal education was comleted at the Royal Australian Naval ollege), and served on trans-Pacific lips of the Union SS Co., he had nished with Australasian shipping, nd entered American life and a ew career, long before he was 30.

We do not know how he made mtact with dare-devil Wiley Post -probably it was through the nited States Army Air Corps, where ratty became a navigation engineer i 1931 —but we do know that it was ratty whom Post selected as his jmpanion and navigator when he ndertook a most hazardous admture.

Wiley Post and Harold Gatty, in 131, flew from New York to New ork —the first men thus to cirimnavigate the world—in the then henomenal time of 8 days 15 hours.

Immediately, they were worldfamous.

Mr. Gatty then served for a period in the US Air Corps; but the plain routine of a steady job was never for him.

BY mid-1935, Pan American Airways was thrusting its services out across the world, and Harold Gatty became one of the young envoys who made contact with overseas governments and cleared the way for PAA services liaison officers, they were called.

His particular area was the Pacific; and he accomplished what was considered the impossible when, somehow, he “put the Indian sign’’ on the New Zealand Government, and secured for PAA the right to place a trans-Pacific flying-boat terminal in Mechanics Bay, Auckland. Try as he would, Harold never could get a similar permit from Australia: and so, until the war, the PAA services ran only between San Francisco and New Zealand.

That was Gatty’s second notable achievement.

Then came World War 11, and Gatty served with distinction in the Air Forces of both United States and Australia, and gained the Distinguished Flying Cross. (Over) The late Mr. Harold Gatty. 151 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

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September. 19 5 7 -Pacific Islands Monthi

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243 Botany Street, Kingsford, N.S.W. ithin this period, he gave play ne of his ruling passions—the of navigation—and produced Raft Book. It was a guide to lany ways in which an ordinary >n, lost at sea, might navigate loat (or his raft) to safety, and iwhile sustain life. The USA Drities bought tens of thousands pies, for distribution among the which might have ocean ilties. Harold had so much time trouble in getting printing 2e for his book that he bought nting-office in New York, and lis own printing, at book —and its distribution — t rank as his third notable cement. e conditions governing Transic airlines changed after World 11, and Gatty took a less active in PAA services—although he led his status as a PAA liaison r until his death. had visited Fiji before the war, and at about the same time he married (his second iage), Miss Fenna Bolderhey, mber of a wealthy Amsterdam y. They liked Fiji; and, after far, they decided to make their i there. was then that Harold Gatty to introduce a new industry to >outh Pacific —tuna canning. ;urvey established the fact that seas abounded in tuna. He 3d a new corporation, South Marine Products, with ships, headquarters, etc., at Bay of ds, a section of Suva Harbour, a factory for canning at Pago , American Samoa, was a complete failure. For reason the tuna in this section ie Pacific could not be caught le methods then employed elsee in the Pacific. The corporabroke up, and the equipment sold. The establishment in irn Samoa, however, is now ing large quantities of tuna — it regularly by small ships emng the Japanese deep-level ig methods. hough it was an economic *e, Gatty’s tuna-fishing entermay fairly be called his fourth achievement. 5 restless mind, and his endless apacity for organisational work urned again to aviation, was obvious that big and growriji needed internal air services. >us interests had attempted to de them, but had not succeeded.

Id Gatty studied the problems— then, in 1951, he established Airways—and this efficient and idable air transport organisawas a success from the start, rovides the busy link between international airport, at Nadi, Suva; and it maintains regular ces between Suva and every rtant centre in Fiji.

Fiji Airways began with De Havilland Rapides; and, later Gatty added the 3-engined Drovers, which had been written off as a failure in New Guinea. Gatty, the expert airman, found that, while Drovers were not dependable at the high-altitude airfields in New Guinea, they were quite safe at sea-level, and practically all Fiji’s airfields are at sealevel.

The establishment of Fiji Airways was his fifth great achievement.

Mr. and Mrs. Gatty became wellknown residents of Suva, and notable people from all over the world visited them there, and accompanied them to their lovely island home out on Katafaga, in the Lau group. He took a keen interest in Fiji affairs, and served for a couple of terms as a nominated member of the Legislative Council.

BUT he was never still. If he was not attempting to solve the mystery of the October-November rising of the Palolo coral worm, he was observing ocean currents or studying the migratory habits of birds (which he regarded as the world’s greatest navigators).

He maintained a large and growing library, and his own contributions to the world of literature, apart from The Raft Book, were considerable.

He was co-author, with Wiley Post of Around the World In 8 Days.

In February, Collins of London (the head of the famous firm was a guest of the Gattys in Suva only last year) will publish Harold’s new book, Nature Is Your Guide; and this commentator, having seen some parts of it in manuscript, is confident that it will go on record as Harold Gatty’s sixth —and last— great achievement.

He was a brilliant, pig-headed, most lovable, argumentative, hospitable man, whom it was a delight to know. His mind at 50, was like that of an eager youth of 20. He may have died at an absurdly early age—but no one ever can say of him that he Uved in vain.- R.

Mr. Norman Lee, of the Cosmopolitan Hotel, Rabaul, is seen here with the two silver trophies he has presented to the Rabaul community.

One is the Cosmopolitan Challenge Trophy given to the Rugby League, for an Inter-Island match between Public Works teams. It is in the shape of a silver football.

The other is the Cosmopolitan Trophy for the Rabaul Chess Championship, 1957. 153

' I F I C Islands Monthly September, 1957

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AVAILABLE FROM AUTHORISED HARDWARE AND TIMBER MERCHANTS £3 MILLION PURCHASE Ansett Now Biggest Air Operator MR. R. M. ANSETT will now longer have any reason “cut ANA to pieces” (f Aug., p. 23). The board of ANA considered a previous decision August, and Ansett Transport dustries Ltd. bought ANA as a ing concern for £3,300,000.

No reasons were advanced ANA’s change of front, althoug; was said when the original offer rejected that the ANA board not satisfied with the secur offered by Ansett’s. Other bui were in the field.

Ansett’s take over from AN fleet of four DC6B’s, two DC6’s, e DC4’s, three Bristol freighters; DOS’s, one DC4 freighter and helicopter.

At the time of the takeover, Ansett fleet was made up of t DC3’s, two Convair 340’s, one C vair 440 and two Sandringham ing-boats. On order were five C vair 440’s and three Lockhi Electra turbo-propeller airliners The only public statement! major importance made by Ans since the takeover was that the vices of the two organisations w be gradually integrated.

The purchase is considers triumph for Mr. Ansett’s bram rugged private enterprise.

No further announcement been made about further step establish a service to Papua- Guinea (which was turned dowr the Australian Dept, of • Aviation), However, with such a large l Ansett’s will likely have to seek outlets, unless it is proposed toe some of the ANA aircraft.

Recently 2,000 names were lected on a petition in P-NG Ing for another air-service.

LEPER MAN VISITS NOUMEA: New Zea[?] famous worker for South Pacific lepers"

P. J. Twomey, visited Ducos leper colo[?] New Caledonia. He is shown here (right Dr. Ferrar, medical superintendent of Photo: F. E. . 154 SEPTEMBER, 185 7 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

The Pacific Islands Society (Founded 1937) Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons interested in Islands affairs, are invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social and cultural centre for those interested in the Pacific Islands.

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Address for correspondence:— THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box 2434, G.P.0., Sydney. . iFestival...

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[?]Le Of Lae Hotel

To New Company

IE purchase of the Cecil Hotel —which is the only hotel in Lae, New Guinea —was corned in August (see PIM of July, e 27) —and the new owners, el Cecil Ltd., entered into session on September 1. has been stated in this journal elsewhere' that the hotel chain Lg organised in New Guinea is property of Morobe Hotels Ltd. s is not so. •obe Hotels Ltd.

Hotel Cecil . are two disc t companies ied by Hamac dings (which ► owns other NG enteres.) [orobe Hotels own and rate G or ok a Wau hotels; John Comper, eral manager Morobe Hotels 1 i s already vi n g la n d red in Markin Road, Lae, a new hotel ch will be built the company, other words, will eventuha v e two sis. he original il Hotel was t on the pre- ; site, in the ’Thirties, by Mrs.

S. Stewart (then owner and lager of the Wau Hotel), and put her sister, Mrs. Baldie charge. That hotel was totally ;royed in the war. or two or three years, after the of the war, Mrs. Stewart conted a hotel in a group of old time buildings in the Butibum i of Lae; and then she rebuilt the old site. There was conirable official opposition to her i. The Administration wished permanent re-building to be e in the new town of Lae, up on terrace behind the airfield, i. Stewart carried on with her ject, however; and the present il was opened in 1952. trs. Stewart plans a complete rement. She is one of the l-known pioneers of Papua and v Guinea. (Although not recog- ;d as such by the Administrai. “I am distinguished as being only New Guinea pioneer who not receive a Coronation Medal,” says, with grim humour.) Both of Mrs. Stewart’s daughters are married to well-known Territory residents. Her only son (by her first marriage), Flying-Officer Moresby Gofton, was killed in the Battle of Britain, 15 years ago.

She always has taken a keen interest in the public affairs of the Morobe District, and will be much missed.

Hotel Cecil Handed Over

AT a small cocktail party held in the Hotel Cecil, on September 1, Mrs. Flora Stewart (“Ma” as she is affectionately known throughout the Territory) officially handed over her beloved hotel to the General Manager of Hamac Holdings Ltd., Mr. John Comper.

Mr. Comper told the gathering that the main reason for the gettogether was the fact that Mrs, Stewart and the occasion warranted some honour. He said that only the other day he had inspected the site of the old AWAS barracks from where, after the war Mrs. Stewart had pioneered the long journey to to-day’s modern and attractive hotel. “It was something to be proud of,” said Mr. Comper, “and I hope that we as a company can do what Mrs. Stewart did as a person.”

Mrs. Stewart responded in characteristic form saying she was tired of hearing all the palaver about what she had done, and wished every success to the company and hoped that all her old friends and customers would continue to give the hotel their patronage.

In an interview with Mr. Comper, PI M's Lae correspondent was told that the new company, Hotel Cecil Ltd., intends making many small alterations to the hotel building, and anticipates that the hotel will become one of the biggest tourist Mrs. Stewart hands over to Mr. Comper. 155 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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?. Stewart Celebrates

71st BIRTHDAY ie largest private party ever in the Territory was given tfrs. Flora Stewart, in Stewart , Lae, on August 28, when over guests gathered to celebrate 71st birthday. r. A. J. Bretag summed up ral sentiment when he said: have no doubt that this torable occasion will live long tie memories of those who are .leged to be present, because it ss an important milestone in life of that most colourful and landing personality—Mrs. Flora r art—who this day is not only >rating her 71st birthday, but is also on the eve of transng the fruits of her life’s ir to new ownership after 30 s of uninterrupted and dislished service to the life of community, ’ only the wealth of material id in the archives of her ory could be placed in the Is of an accomplished bioher, there would be unfolded y fascinating and illustrious s, not only of human, but Tical interest, covering over a century in the progress, lopment, and early pioneering of this Territory, ow well do I recall the rsities, tragedy, and sorrow h studded her life, and which her indomitable courage and dble spirit could have survived, with characteristic determinainitiative and energy she ounted all obstacles and the late and well deserved success h has now been achieved was table. am sure it will be readily eded that with her volatile re, Mrs. Stewart was a worthy rsary for even the most intrepid nent, but beneath it all, it was ssible for her to conceal that tain of kindness, generosity and an understanding which was ys on call without restraint to ; who needed a helping hand, unrivalled sense of humour, inimitable gift of repartee, was difficult to match, and will ide many amusing anecdotes h will bear repetition by iteurs in the years to come, i paying this humble tribute grand old pioneer, permit me onclude by extending to Mrs. art on behalf of everyone prevery many happy returns of her day and every good wish for ig and prosperous future, with h I couple an assurance that ever she may be she will ys carry with her the respect, m and admiration of her legion of friends throughout the Territory.”

New Hotel Extension

IN RABAUL PLANS have been submitted to the New Guinea Administration by Mr.

Norman Lee, for the first wing of the new Cosmopolitan Hotel, to be built close beside the existing building, in Rabaul. The wing will cost about £35,000, and will be part of a new hotel building planned to cost £200,000.

The new wing will contain 20 single rooms and a couple of suites; and each room will have hot and cold water, and be air-conditioned.

There also will be a modern lounge, 40 ft by 60 ft, with special amenities, built on the same design as the South Pacific Hotel, in California.

At present, a pumping plant at the hotel provides 2,500 gallons per day of nondrinking water, from the wells under the town level; but the new building plan proposes to provide 20,000 gallons of drinkable water, from roof catchment into underground concrete tanks.

Mr. Lee, apparently, is confident about the future of Rabaul. In the next stage, £95,000 will be spent on a modern bar, running along the Kamarere Street frontage of the present hotel property.

High Cost Of

Travel For

N. CALEDONIANS NEW CALEDONIANS who wish to travel out of the Colony are now going to pay heavily for the privilege.

Since the revaluation of the Franc most airfares have gone up by 20 per cent.

The Noumea-Paris fare by TAI remains unchanged—but TAI fares to intermediate points along the route (not within the French Empire) have risen by 20 per cent. Some people who had already booked to New Zealand found that it was going to cost 20 per cent, more than they had expected.

Qantas fares remained unchanged for a while but when the company found that it was going to lose 20 per cent, in converting franc earnings into pounds, this company’s fares rose also.

CSR Changes in Fiji Staff MR. J. C. POTTS will shortly become chief manager in Fiji of the Colonial Sugar Refining Company. His appointment is one of several changes in senior posts in the CSR Co. in the Colony.

Mr. Potts is at present CSR manager at Lautoka, and he succeeds Mr. A. R. Rourke in the top Fiji appointment. Mr. Rourke is to go to Sydney as Fiji Inspector.

Mr. H. G. Nicholls who is at present Fiji Inspector, will become Chief Inspector for Fiji.

Mr. J. M. Aitken, at present manager at Rarawai, will replace Mr. Potts at Lautoka; Mr. G. F.

Adams, acting manager at Penang, will go to Rarawai, vice Mr. Adams, as acting manager; and Mr. G. M.

R. Day, Field Superintendent at Lautoka, will become acting manager at Rarawai.

Mr. A. G. Carver, Senior Executive Officer, retires on September 30.

Mr. Rourke expects to leave Fiji in December to take up his new appointment. t The French airline TAI has obtained authorisation to run a service between Paris and Djarkarta via Saigon. The service which will be weekly started September 8. The company hopes to extend the service to Noumea and Auckland early next year. 157 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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His Second

ATTEMPT Mr. S. Elliott - Goes South THE resignation of Mr. S. Elli Smith from the Papua- Guinea service was annoui in Port Moresby in late Aug Mr. Elliott-Smith was one of best known members of the war Papuan magisterial sen (since the war the Papuan ti such as Resident Magistrate, A; tant Resident Magistrate, etc., I been changed to conform with old Mandated Territory designate District Officer, ADO, etc.).

This is his second resigns from the service. Sometime in, late 40’s he resigned and for a v did a job amongst the aborigine Western Australia. But after Mt. Lamington eruption in Papu 1951, he returned to the sen and did a magnificent job of r work in the devastated area, A couple of years ago, he relii the District Commission Sepik, although he was from “the c side” evidently made such an pression on the native people Simogun, the native MLC from Wewak area, made an impassu plea in the Legislative Council Mr. Elliott-Smith should be mitted to stay on there. He mated that the natives of the S District would be quite happ;i pay the DC’s salary in order to him.

For once the Administration the right thing, and Mr. Ell Smith stayed on.

He is an enthusiastic flier and be missed from the skies a* Wewak and Angoram. Wouf travellers between Wewak andf Sepik River station were freque able to hitch a lift with the I if not from Bishop Arkfeld ofl neighbouring Roman Cath» Mission.

With each of these Territon who go South finish, goes a of the old Territory. A pity, in eyes of any true-blue B-4, who, v admitting that P-NG as a plao live in, is much more pleasant day than in 1939, feels that considerably less afnusing.- JT t The Fiji Industrial Won Congress recently forced its n dent, Mr. B. D. Lakshmanr resign. Mr. Lakshman was pc inently connected with the s of CSR employees in July, some of the unions took exce]6 to his attitude then. Mr. Lakstl was accused of being instrumr in inciting an unconstitutt strike. Mr. C. P. Bidesi, juo Suva, will act as president the next general election. 158 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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[?]le on Rhino Front

[?] Makes Strategic

WITHDRAWAL lEN Rhinoceros beetles were first discovered in i, Fiji, in 1953, the Governt immediately made availa large sum for an eradicacampaign. Shortly after, in Legislative Council of m-New Guinea, Mr. Don ett, the then member for the Guinea Islands, used this to flay the P-NG Adminis- :>n which in comparison was, said, sitting with folded Is doing nothing. P-NG has inued to do nothing, while iji they have been very busy it the final result looks as gh it is going to be the same Dth countries. i is becoming reconciled to the mce of the expensive pest ctes Rhinoceros ). now is accepted that the beetle itablished in the large island ti Levu (where coconut plantaare limited). Messrs. Maynard trom and W. G. Johnson, fing at a recent -meeting of r iji Coconut Pests and Diseases d. agreed that-it-probably was a mattter of ■ time before the ure gets across to Vanua Levu Taveuni, where most of Fiji’s i is produced. yctes is now in most of the archipelagoes of the Pacific n. He was in none of them 100. ere is little doubt that the e —an active destroyer of rut palms—arrived in Viti Levu either Samoa or Tonga in but its presence was not dis- 'ed until March, 1953. icial Fiji then manifested the est alarm. It was found that nsiderable area around Suva— dally to the westward —was ted. The beetle, despite preens extending over many years, rently had got ashore from a in Suva harbour, mediately, large numbers of ns, directed by officials of the irtment of Agriculture and the > and Diseases Board, were sent the area, on a hunt for the es -and their larvae and to •oy breeding places; and that has continued for 4i years, t, despite the expenditure of i money and greater effort, the area of infestation has steadily expanded, until now it covers much of the southeast portion of Viti Levu.

The Fiji Board, in August, decided to reduce the amount of labour employed on the beetle hunt, on the score of economy; and to depend more on scientific control. Every effort will be made to delay the spread of the beetle to the other Fiji islands: but the history of the pest in the Pacific islands generally indicates that it will cross the straits, sooner or later.

IT had been hoped that a predator, like the Scolia wasp, might be established in Fiji to keep the pest in check; but J. 159 I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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2-12 Carrington Street, Sydney Linsley Gressitt, in what appears to be the most authoritative recent book on the problem ( The Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle, published by the Bishop Museum, Honolulu, in 1953) says: “Because Oryctes is such a large insect, and is not susceptible to ordinary direct chemical control methods, and because collection of the adult beetles cannot easily be effected where they are feeding and doing their damage to the living palms, biological control is an important consideration. However, no parasite or predator has been found which satisfactorily controls Oryctes.”

Some good results have been achieved in Mauritius, Zanzibar and, to a lesser extent, in Samoa, with the Scolia wasp from Madagascar; but the wasp does not wipe out the beetle; and, once the beetle is in the vegetation of an island, constant attention to decayed wood, rotting vegetation and other breeding-places, plus the introduction of any parasites and predators which do attack the larvae, is necessary if the pest is to be kept under control.

In continental areas, the beetle has many natural enemies. But these natural enemies are scarce in the Pacific Islands; and (says Linsley Gressitt) “in Samoa, where natural enemies are similarly scarce, the beetle has done great damage in the 43 years (now 47 years—Ed.) since its introduction; but it probably has not killed more than one eighth of the palms.”

THERE are several other species of rhinoceros beetle in the Pacific Islands; but, although the T ' feed upon the coconut palms and other vegetation, they are not a serious problem. It is Oryctes (or Asian) variety w is so destructive.

Oryctes now is established ini islands of western Micronesia, Phillipines, New Guinea 0 Britain), Samoa, Tonga and and it is spreading steadily.

It is thought that it may : reached New Britain before war; but it certainly was tl immediately afterwards, and s bet’bve that it was introducec Japanese vessels from the F group, in Micronesia.

Experts say that Oryctes may, be as destructive in New Bras in Fiji and Polynesia, bee New Britain is a “contine island”, where there are i natural enemies to keep it in cl It is interesting to note exactly 20 years ago (August, 1 the following appeared in Pacific Islands Monthly, fror London Times review of T. F Taylor’s book, Biological Contr “Fiji, in particular, has caus be thankful to the entomolo? for they first suppressed a n that was a severe menace to< coconut industry, by introducii flv from Malaya. Then effected permanent control c destructive scale insect, by ir ducing a beetle from Trinidad; now they have controlled the mining beetle by introducing parasite from Java.”

Thus we may be encourage* hope that a really effes biological answer to Oryctes in South Pacific will yet be discow

In Uk And Nz

Island Boxers’ Activit[?] TONGAN boxer, Kitione II was to fight the Empire heE weight champion, Joe Bygrr in a 10-round non-title bouj Pontypridd in Wales on Septei 18. In two previous contests Lave, Bygraves was the winnes Roy Stevens, a 35-year-old AJ lander, knocked out Sam Johnny lefata in five round!

Auckland recently, and end© succession of five successive tories to the Islander.

Finau Valevale, a Tongan liJ heavyweight, has arrived in At land, and is seeking bouts. if Mr. Marvin Senter who went to American Samoa in as Commercial Teacher and assumed the principalship ofi high school, has now taken the position as Director • Education. He relieved cu:i holder, Dr. Donald Rothschild!

July 21. New principal ofi high school will be Mr. Rio Greer, who arrives in Pago I July 25. 160 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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Nickel Seekers Apply For 5,000 Sq. Miles REPORTS have been increasingly \ in circulation about interesting discoveries of nickel in Papua id New Guinea.

The districts especially named are lose on the mainland, ge : i’ally luthwards of the Morobe goldfield, i the Waria Valley, and deep into apua country, as far as Kokoda.

The original discoveries are edited to a senior Government sologist, Mr. Jack Thompson.

It was reported that “the big Hows” —from Bululo Gold Dredgg Limited to the Nickel Corporam—were interested. On August 15 was announced that applicants r authorities to prospect were: Square miles E. J. Frame 1,070 B. C. Goodsell 240 F. M. Hewitt 600 W. H. Johns (2 areas) .. 1,030 Bulolo Gold Dredging (4 areas) 1,970 E. Owen-Turner 630 As on August 15, the applications Messrs. Frame and Goodsell had ;en approved.

All the foregoing areas are on the ipuan side of the border. It was announced that BGD Ltd. had applied also for areas on the New Guinea side —that is, in the Waria country.

The indications, so far, are that the deposits are mixed up with a great deal of New Guinea mainland.

But they may lead the prospectors to something thicker and more exciting.

It is said that vast nickel deposits in Canada will come into production about 1960, and these may affect the world price of the metal.

Will “Waria Syndicate”

Come In On This?

It is probable that a certain elderly gentleman of Western Germany—Heinrich Rudolph Wahlen, of Hamburg—will be deeply interested in this development. This is the area which Herr Wahlen claims is part of the concession made about 1912 by the German Imperial Government to the Waria Syndicate.

Australia, hitherto, has brushed off the claim with the argument that all German property in New Guinea was “expropriated” after World War I. But Herr Wahlen recently countered this by pointing out that the Syndicate is not German—that it is predominantly Swedish, and not affected by the expropriation arrangement.

Incidentally, PIM was told an interesting thing by a Government official who recently was in Garaina, looking at the tea experimental station, which is on the edge of this Waria country. He said that there is an active Lutheran mission station at Garaina; and that the Mission people claim that, as they are in Waria country, they have “certain fundamental rights.”

It seems to be an opportune time to have this Waria Syndicate claim finally dealt with. 161 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER. 1957

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[?]Eal Timber For

East Africa

HHE Klinkii Pine, of the New L Guinea Highlands region, has been exciting some interest ,tely. Klinkii shares, with Hoop ine~ the great jungles around the ulolo River, upon which the Comlonwealth New Guinea Timbers td., plywood enterprise (successors i the BGD enterprise) is based.

Re-forestation follows closely pon the timber-cutting, above ulolo; but when the tree-planters )t seriously to work a couple of ;ars ago they found that there ere very few young Klinkii on the ountain-sides. For some unknown sason, Klinkii, a considerable time jo, had ceased to propagate itself.

However, the Forestry people now ave got masses of seedlings moving ong. Most of the newlylorestated area, in recent years, >mprise Hoop Pine; but Klinkii )w is being planted generously.

Klinkii aroused the eager atten- □n of a party of 14 timber cperts, delegates to the British ammonwealth Forestry Con- Tence now being held in Australia id New Zealand. They visited the ulolo area in mid-August.

Professor Sir Harry Champion, the Imperial Forestry Institute, xford, said that Bulolo’s Klinkii rests were the most useful stands timber in the British Commonealth. It was first-quality, clean mber, with a straight stem and very rapid rate of growth. It as a light soft wood of a first ass general purpose type.

It was just this type of timber which East Africa was lacking, .id Sir Harry, and Klinkii now as being planted in Tanganyika, ut, Klinkii seeds were proving ost difficult to transport—they tuld not stand rapid temperature lapges.

Flu In W. Samoa

IHE mild influenza epidemic . which had been prevalent in Apia and neighbourhood for me weeks and had disorganised isiness and Government organisa- Dns to an appreciable degree, had, id of August, as was expected, iread to the outside districts of polu and to the island of Savai’i.

There are no reports of fatalities suiting from the flu though some ises of complications are reported.

Mr. Tony A. Bambridge, secretary the Lepers’ Trust Board in ihiti, has received a grant of £5OO om New Zealand for leprosy itients in Tahiti.

An Hour in the Life of a NG Highlands Coffee-Planter ONE sunny morning, early in August, Mr. James L. Leahy, owner and operator of the most profitable coffee plantation in the New Guinea Eastern Highlands— a few miles out of Goroka —took his Land Rover along the edge of his plantation, loading bags of newly-picked coffee beans.

The photograph (taken from the air recently by Mr. Keith Colyer) shows the Leahy plantation; and the track followed by Mr. Leahy (lower photo) is defined by the left-hand edge of the dark patch —which, of course, are the older coffee trees. As the photo shows, the plantation lies along a flat ridge, between two steep gulches.

Half way along the plantation, having got his load, the planter turned for home. Reversing on the narrow strip, he forgot that the gulch at that point runs in towards the plantation’s edge like a Bay of Biscay. He ought to have remembered—he personally created every square yard of that plantation. Anyway, he backed over, into the gulch. The arrow points to the spot.

Jim says that in the next few seconds he was rather too busy to count; but he thinks the truck bounced once, and turned over three times before it ended its fall, on its four wheels, at the bottom of the gulch, 20 or 30 feet down.

Mr. Leahy extricated himself, counted three bruises and a minor cut, climbed out of the gulch and sent for a couple more trucks, which dragged the Land Rover up the steep bank; and then he reloaded the vehicle and drove it to the fermenteries. Tough machine; tough planter R.W.R. t A RNZAF Sunderland flyingboat from Fiji flew over Rarotonga airfield on July 2 and dropped certain spare narts urgently required by HMNZS Pukaki, homeward bound from the British H-bomb tests in the Line Islands. 163 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

A COMPLETE IN EVERY A BOTTLE! 0 i AAA 0 0 A 3 . SAY DON’T SAY GIN .

The International

FAVOURITE ROAD To

Self-Government

Samoan Election In No vein bee THE elections for the new and er larged Western Samoan Legis lative Assembly, comprising 4 Samoan members, 5 European mem bers and 2 official members, an scheduled to take place on Nc vember 15.

The new Assembly will be preside over by a Speaker assisted by Deputy-Speaker and appointed fc the Assembly. The establishment c a Council of Ministers, consistir of 5 Samoan members, 2 Europeat members and 2 official members, provided for, the three members t the Council of State sitting as ex officio members of the Council « Ministers.

The establishment of the net enlarged Legislative Assembly, i the opinion of the High Com missioner, will constitute a lano mark in the history and the progres of Samoa, providing closer contac: with the people of the country an a better understanding of their d< sires and responsibilities.

EDITORIAL NOTE. When th Parliament comes into being it immediately going to create a recoi for South Pacific politics. There w; 1 be 48 members, plus Speaker, for population of about 100,000. Am according to advice received by PL' in May, they are to receive salarie Why it is necessary to have * Samoan members has never bee explained.

NZ Reduces Islands Vote THE New Zealand financii allocation to its Islands Tern tories under the 1957-58 voc has been reduced compared wiij the previous year. This year tl.

Islands will get £1,078,000 (£1,196,0( last year).

Details of apportionment of funu between the various territories w\ not immediately available.

Very little interest is shown I New "Zealand’s parliamentarians this item during the annual budgs debate, and it has certainly bet; many years since an intellige:j full-scale debate of governmee policy as applied to Island Tern tories has been heard.

A handful of members sho cursory interest when there appeas to be any possibility of a parlii mentary delegation taking a Wintt trip to “investigate” occasional Pr© allegations, but generally speakirr by mutual consent —or mutm isnorance—both sides of the Houu appear to find more reati ammunition in affairs nearer honr there being no votes from tb Islands. 164 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL.

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Another Silly Story Refuted

No Radio-Active Disease In Oceania

Letter to the Editor HAVE seen several references in recent issues of the Pacific Islands Monthly to a mysterious in disease in the Marquesas ands, and as recently as July, in h-dependent Pacific Islanders. [t is referred to as an “apparently mrable skin disease attributed to lio-activity” following the Ameria atom-bomb tests in the Pacific, \s a representative of the Intute de Recherches Medicales de ceonie Francaise, I spent four eks in the Marquesas Islands in ne and July of this year. I visited ir £. i in J ha bi ted valley of the six labited islands, collecting blood nples for our filariasis-control ►gramme. I personally saw about lety per cent, of the total Mar- ;san population, while collecting od samples. saw no evidence of any such skin ease, or other disorder due to lic-active fall-out. personally know Dr. Ridoux, the sent resident physician for these ,nds, and Dr. de Carfort, whom Chief rnd^ 1 fKnbl? e ’ °fi Nuka Hiva). %. 1S matt jr r with both S? they T tJ l e artl f*r the PIM issue which I had with They both stated that they I never seen any evidence of m-bomb radiation in any of the rquesan population.

T- de Carfort had an explanation for such a wild rumour. About two years ago, an American pleasureyacht cruised the area, and the vacationers noted considerable scabies and impetigo among the children. When they inquired as to the cause of these filth diseases, they were told by some natives that it was due to the atom-bombs. This story found its way to the lay press in America, and was eventually commented upon without further investigation in a French scientific publication.

I inquired into the contamination of fish, and I learned that one tuna had been caught in Marquesan waters which had been tagged and released in Hawaiian waters. It was assumed that, if one fish could swim through possibly contaminated waters, others might do so. They might possibly become radio-active; might possibly be caught and eaten in the Marquesas; and someone might possibly suffer some ill-effects.

It is all conjecture up to the present time.

I enjoy your magazine, your pertinent editorials. But I do not think you would want to continue to give a false impression about atombomb effects in the Marquesas Islands.

I am, etc., DR. HARRY N. MARCH, Fi e 2d Director Papeete, Sept. 6.

EDITORIAL NOTE: sacri ?ce of truth to sensationalism by English language newspapers is now one of problems of Western civilisation Dr. Harry March refers to only one example of it. The PIM, which tries to make use of the newspapers as a guide to world events with a on Pacific Elands affairs sees it every day.

As a rule, we take most of what n^I e - ad lth i a grain of salt > b ut are occasionally led into error. o«?? e sto I r l es about Islanders’ radioactive skin diseases have been prevalent for some time; and Dr. de n ai H°S S • th eory of their source probably is the correct one. Some a F ey rabbit ’ but insists that it is red or purple’ and immediately the whole screaming press pack is chasing a red orpurpll mystery creature.” p p e We are grateful to Dr. March for his refutation of the story.

Matthews has set up an lan i g agency and commercial public relations consultant organisation in Suva. It is believed to be ™ st Ll uch a e enc y in the Colony.

Mr. Matthews was formerly Asslsta,nt Public Relations Officer, and was Acting Public Relations Officer m the interregnum between the retirement of Mr. L. G. Usher at the end °f 1956 and the arrival of Mr.

J. Hackett in July. [?]dern Bank for Lae, New Guinea [?]e above is the architect's drawing of the [?]rn banking chambers which are at present construction for the Australia and New [?]nd Bank, Ltd., at the corner of Coronation and Seventh St., Lae, New Guinea. [?] ANZ Bank has followed, in Lae, its usual [?]ice of producing a building that is modern [?]eye-catching as well as being functional.

The premises will provide full Savings Bank as well as Trading Bank facilities and it is expected that it will be ready for occupation towards the end of the year.

Architects were Messrs. Rudder, Littlemore and Rudder, of Rabaul. The work is being carried out by John Stubbs, Ltd., of Lae. 165 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

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Drive Yourself Cars

DRIVE YOURSELF CARS.—At your service in Brisbane. Lloyd-De Laurier Pty.

Ltd., Rowes Cafe Lane, Edward St., Brisbane, Queensland. Phone: PA 1091.

Enquiries invited.

CAHILL'S

Drive Yourself Cars

93 George St., Brisbane

B 0505—8 0506—8 4132 1957 HOLDEN SEDANS Unlimited Insurance Cover Available, Open Sat.-Sun. 8 a.m. to 12 noon AFTER HOURS, PHONE NOS.

PW1596 XW 3414 XA 4323 M 2476 Write or Phone for Price List.

Books, Magazines

ALL BOOKS AND JOURNALS ON AUS-

Tralasia And The Pacific Bought

AND SOLD. Catalogues issued and sent free on application. Correspondence invited. Berkelouw, 38 King St., Sydney.

Telephone: BX 1243.

Visitors to Sydney—

‘‘Paclflc Islands Monthly”

is always on sale at Charlesworth & Milligan’s Magazine Kiosk, Cnr. Martin Place and George Street.

SERVICES WATCH REPAIRS to all brands of watches. Send your repairs directly to the only Swiss watchmaker giving service to the Pacific Islands. Rapid service—all work guaranteed. Swiss - Clox Watch Service, 9 Garner Avenue, French’s Forest, Sydney, Australia.

PENFRIENDS WANTED Contact correspondents, philatelists, hobbyists and Pen Friends throughout the Pacific. Island representatives wanted. Members in almost every country of the world. Write for specimen copy Club journal ‘‘lsland Life” and application form, to Secretary, South Sea Islands Correspondence Club, Natuvu, Fiji Is.

FOR SALE FLEETS—S 4 ft. x 14 ft. 8 in. carvel workboat, hardwood planking, raised foc’sle. w/house fwd., Gardner diesel, large hold, deck and foc’sle. accom., fully coppered and in survey. Inspection and delivery New’ Guinea, £7,000. FLEETS, Water Street East, South Brisbane, Australia.

WE send parts to all parts. Army truck spares. Dodge, Jeep and G.M.C. always available. Gilltraps, P.O. Box 500, Rotorua, New Zealand.

Professional Services

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA Architect and General Building Contractor specializing in Resort, Commercial and Residential Planning, wishes contact for expansion in the South Pacific Area. Contact: J. Auld, 4303 Coldwater Canyon, North Hollywood, California, U.S.A.

Dress Making

DO you really dress to suit your individuality? Have you the ability to get a professional cut to your clothes? Let us help you. L’Officiel College of Dressmaking and Design will teach you by correspondence and guarantee the results.

Write: No. DD. c/- Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, Australia.

FOR SALE

“Practical Planting”

By A. Richards Obtainable at Angus and Robertson, Sydney, also Rabaul Stores.

Whites Travel Forms Fiji Company WHITES Travel Service Ltd., New Zealand, has formed local company in Fiji conduct its extending Fiji bus ness. The nominal capital £50,000.

The directors are Sir Hugh Ra/ (Chairman), Mr. David P. Ra< (Deputy Chairman), Mr. E.

Robinson (Managing Director), aj Mr. J. N. Falvey. The Secrets is Mr. O. A. Taylor, of Prii Waterhouse & Co. Ltd.

Mr. R. T. Parkes, who has be manager for Fiji for the pare company, will manage the m company and has been appoint alternate director.

The share capital has been conti buted both by the parent compa in New Zealand and by B interests.

With its connections in N Zealand, Australia, and Fiji, a associations with travel agents a air and shipping lines overseas i Fiji Company will have a powen influence on Fiji’s tourist trade., Mr. Robinson said that company would continue to open in Suva and Lautoka as gene travel agents. He confiden expects that Whites’ tours to I from New Zealand, Australia s North America will be stepped to a new high level.

More frequent Kings and Que; Roads services will be run withi augmented fleet of modern coacl; Meanwhile the Transport Com Board approved the operation j sightseeing tours around Lauti and Suva by Whites.

The Board also decided that fares on Whites express coao running between Suva and M and Lautoka should not be creased, as previously suggested: a member of the Transport Com Board.

The Board’s Chairman, Mr. O Reay, said that Whites Tn Service was primarily intended! tourists, but it also filled a n useful local need in provid comfortable travel at a cheap for persons who would otf wise travel by taxis or private ♦ The Board agreed to leave i matter as it was until either WF Travel Service applied for a increase, or there was clear evidt that they were taking busi; away from stage carriers. t Mrs. Margaret Banchick, 29, was taken seriously ill while atd the US cargo ship, Sonoma, in j (see August PIM, page 24) and ft to Suva, left Fiji recently by to join her husband in Francisco. 166 SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

ic Power . • Abundant f •. fully automatic • •and up to 60% less running cost! with the CAMERLITE

Dual Voltage

DIESEL

Power Plant

FTTH *1 Unlike an ordinary A.C. plant, the new CAMERLITE Dual Voltage plant does not start and stop continuously every time a light or small appliance is switched on. With the new CAMERLITE, your home is wired similarly to big city homes with lighting circuit separate to power. Lights and small appliances are operated from the 32 volt D.C. Generator, and larger power appliances from the 240 volt A.C. Alternator. Fully automatic in each case. [?]dex to Advertisers & R. Ltd. . . 142 istra Hunting ervice .... 93 a-Vite .... 56 Service Tradig 43 minium Union 168 al. Dairies . . 92 I.L. & F. . .97 liss, W. & Co. 148 leton, N. V. 156 ott, Wm. . . 132 ro 62 k of NSW 31, 143 k of NZ . . 130 jell, Gwyn ..11 cland-Rae . . 62 Jford Mills . 60 fbon Bros. . . 77 r & Holliday . 162 ish Aluminium 14 ish United airies ... 122 idway Motors . 9 iton & Co. . 91 ting, A. H. . . 78 78, 89, 100, 115 jury .... 114 eron & Suthermd .... 167 ton Breweries 72 tenter Ltd. . 120 I, The Hotel . 3 A.E 63 (stream Pty.

Id 74 ate ... 79, 90 lan's French ream .... 122 nan's Mustard 97 nial Meat . . 96 er Watson . . 93 monwealth ank . . . . 127 nmond Co. . 108 one Co. . . . 42 ex .... 168 odil Marg, . . 50 leys Ltd. . 153 jar, G. & M. 46 ol .... 105 ka Agencies . 38 mder Co. . . 27 rin . . . . 118 aid Ltd. . . 113 jlass, W. C. . 95 op Rubber . 37 io Steel . . 10 ms Ltd. . . 11l ,les .... 159 Donald . . . 106 eady ... 146 er, Wm. . .43 Trading Co. . 44 er Clark . . 52 ke & Heidecke 134 ate Rum . . 74 Iner Eng. . . 64 ey, W. & A. 164 ispie Bros. . 102 ispie, R. . 1, 53, 55, 107, 116 itte .... 126 ebrooks Paints 150 lon's Gin . . 94 H. (Suva) . . 13 lame Books . 131 ives, J. & Co. 153 re Ltd. . 30, 59 orsen, B. . .61 mrsen Sons . 67 is, K. & Co. 101 ings Diesels 124 aby Ltd. . . 57 ingway Robertm Institute . 91 derson, J. G. 149 irooks . . . 117 ard Cultivators 136 sst Co. . . .118 144 I.C.S 158 International Bloodstock .... 73 International Harvester . 34, 35 Is. Transport . . 65 K.L.M 12 Keen's Curry ... 77 Kennedy, Capt. . 66 Kerr Bros. ... 155 Kiwi Polish ... 56 Kodak .... 161 Kopsen & Co. . 152 Lawrence, A. . .44 Lawton Pty. Ltd. 109 Macßobertson P/L 66 Maize Products . 73 Marine Spares . 37 Mcllrath's ... 147 Mendaco . . . .163 Michaud, G. ... 30 Millar, Mrs. L. . 33 Millers Ltd. . . 129 Morobe Hotels . 16 Morris, H. ... 47 M. H. Ltd. . 26, 103 Mungo Scott . . 125 Nathan & Wyeth . 70 N. & R. . . 106, 119 Nestles .... 49 NG Aust. Line . . 6 Nile Products . 112 Nixoderm . . . 141 N.Z.N.A.C. ... 2 P.A.A 4 Pacific Tobacco . 45 Papuan Prints . 94 Parke Davis 32, 135 P. I. Line ... 9 Piccaninny Wax . 58 Qld. Insurance . 137 Ransomes Co. . . 51 Reckitt's Blue . 101 Rohu, Si I . . .55 Seppelt & Son , 140 Seward Ltd. . . 121 Shaw Savill ... 7 Shell Pty. Ltd. . 54 Sparklets Ltd. . . 99 S.P.C 5 Spruso Co. . . . 28 S.T.C. Co. . . . 70 Steradent ... 48 Stapleton, J. . . 117 Stewarts-Lloyds . 102 S. P. Brewery . 105 Sthn. Pac. Ins. . 157 Sullivan Ltd. 36, 145, 151 Tait, W. S. . . 98 Thornburgh College ... 133 Tilley Lamps . . 75 Thornycroft Co. . 47 Ti I lock & Co. . 110 Todd, J. & Son . 52 Tongala Milk . . 80 Tooth & Co. . . 138 Turners & Growers 98 Tyneside Eng. . . 71 United Insurance 165 U.R.D 109 Ventura . . 40, 168 Victa Mowers . 139 Vi-Stim . . . .113 Vincent's APC . . 29 Wakefield, C. C. 104 Warnock .... 130 Webster, D. & Sons 48 Westfield Meats 128 Weymark Pty. Ltd. 39 White Rose ... 69 Wilhelmsen, W. . 8 Wills Ltd. ... 76 Wrigley's . . .123 Wunderlich Co. . 154 Yorkshire Ins. . . 69 Young, Harry J 41, 159 Zevenboom, J. & Co 160 167 1 C I F I c ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957

WHEN Kidneys WdrkToo Often Are you embarrassed and bothered by too frequent elimination during the day and night? These symptoms, as well as Bladder Irritation, Backache, Swollen Ankles, Leg Pains, Nervousness, Dizziness, Lumbago, Interrupted Sleep, Circles Under the Eyes and a generally rundown feeling, are usually due to germ-caused kidney and bladder troubles. The very first dose of Cystex, the scientifically compounded medicine, goes right to work overcoming these troubles in 3 ways. 1. Quickly kills germs causing troubles. 2. Gets rid of poisonous acids. 3. Strengthens and reinvigorates the kidneys and bladder. Get Cystex from your chemist to-day under the guarantee of comnlete satisfaction or money back VENTURA TRADING CO. PTY. LTD. 247 GEORGE STREET, SYDNEY Island Merchants and Buying Agents SOLE AGENTS FOR:

• Armstrong Siddeley Diesel Engines

• Ajax Marine Diesel Engines

• Norman Petrol Engines

• Saldanha Canned Fish

• V.T.C. Corned Beef

Distributors for all plantation, farm, trade requirements and merchandise.

Highest Prices obtained for Cocoa, Coffee, Shell and other produce handled on consignment.

Write direct to our Islands Export Manager with over 35 years experience in the Islands.

Cables: Ventura Sydney

Islands Produce

(Unless otherwise stated, quotations are in Australian currency. Aust. £ equals approximately 16/- Stg., NZ, or W.

Samoa; 18/- Fiji; 20/- Tonga, Solomons & WPHC areas; 168 Pac. Francs; SUS 2.23.) COPRA Price negotiated between British Ministry of Food and British South Pacific Territories for 1057 was £Stg.s4 FOB main ports—a drop of 7*/a per cent, on the 1956 price. Stabilisation and other charges reduce actual producer price.

PAPUA - NEW GUINEA:—Hot A i r £ A57/15/-; FMS (sun dried) £AS7; Smoked, £AS4/5/-.

FlJl:—Plantation grade £PS2/5/6; FMS £FS2.

W. SAMOA:—Sellers: 22/6-23/6 per 100 lbs. Exporters; £S4I and £847 f.o.b.

Apia, for two grades.

E. SAMOA:—Producers receive 4 cents lb. (SUSB9.6 or £A4O approx, per long ton).

Periodic bonus, if average proceeds exceed Govt, buying price and expenses.

SOLOMONS:—Honiara/Qizo Yandina: Ist grade, £57/10/-; 2nd, £AS3/10/-; 3rd, £ A4B/10/-.

NEW HEBRIDES:—Sept. 9: 6,350 Pac. francs (about £A37/2/6) delivered Vila/ Santo. European price, August 30, 72,000 Met. francs (about £A7S) c.i.f. per short ton.

TONGA:—A Grade, £TS2/5/-; B Grade, £T46/5/-.

COOK ISLANDS: —Local price is based on £ Stg.s4 (£NZS4/4/l) per ton, f.0.b., with premium of 30/- (NZ) for top grade kiln dried. Shipping, handling, shrinkage and storage charges reduce the outer island price to about £NZ3O per ton, basic rate.

COCOA:—lslands prices are based on the rate for Accra cocoa which on Sept. 7 was £Stg.27o per ton, c.i.f. London.

P.-N.G.;—Sept. 9: Good grade £A265 ex wharf, Sydney.

W. SAMOA:—Sept. 9: £ 5tg.265 f.o.b.

Apia.

COFFEE:—P.-N.G.: Sept. 9: Quote No. 1 —-Top grade 5/3 per lb; Quote No. 2 Nil.

PEANUTS:—P.-N.G., Sept. 9: Kernels 1/10; Virginia bunch, in shell, large, well cleaned, 1/4-1/5 per lb. del. Sydney; other 1/2-1/3 del. Sydney.

RUBBER:—P.-N.G. price is based on Singapore rate, which on Sept. 6 was: No. 1 RSS, spot, 87*/8 Straits cents (31*/sd Aust. approx.) per lb.

VANILLA BEANS: Victor Karp, Tulk & Co., Sydney, reported on Sept. 9: Because of devaluation of the Pacific franc, prices are unsteady. The export levy has been increased from 7*/ 2 per cent, to 18 per cent. No firm quotations are available at present.

RICE (Australian): —Price from May 1, 1957 —P.-N.G.: Dry brown and dressed, 112 lb bags, 5 tons and over, £6l p» ton, f.0.w.; under 5 tons £6l/10/- pu ton. Vitamised and enriched white, 1 lb bags, 5 tons and over, £67/10/ton, f.0.w.; under 5 tons, £6B per to( Other Pac. Islands: Dry, brown, etc., £.' per ton, f.0.w., Sydney or Melbourne.

PEARL SHELL.—Sept. 8, 1957, quotatio by independent pearlers; Sound, £AB6E D, £ A 650; E, £A4SO; EE, £A2! (includes cost of getting shell fra source to Sydney, and loss in Sydm weights). Cook Is.-Manihiki: Aug. 8: Expc price, £Stg.69o f.o.b. Rarotonga (mark; weakening).

TROCHUS:—Quote No. 1, NG, £A33£ £A34O; BSI, £350; New Hebrides, £A3Z Quote No. 2, NG, £A3IO. Prices are le rejects and based on Sydney weight Each agent reported “very limited but ness”.

GREEN SNAIL:—Quote No. 1 N» £A2BO-£ A 290. This agent, and anoth who could not quote a price, report!

“very limited business”.

London And U.S. Prices

Copra:—London, Sept. 10: Philippine in bulk, Sept./Oct. $174 (nominal Straits/Borneo, fair, merchantable, di weights c.i.f. UK-North European pon Oct./Nov. £ Stg.62/10/- (buyer), £Stg,: (seller). New York, Sept. 10: Philippim c.i.f., US Pacific Coast ports, $165 (askeo Coconut Oil:—London, Sept. 10: Ceylo in bulk, fair, UK-North European por Sept./Oct. £ Stg.99 (seller); Straits, crut c.i.f., bulk, Sept./Oct. £ Stg.92/5/- 0 seller).

Cocoa: —London, Sept. 2: Accra Nov./Js shipment £ Stg.27o, c.i.f. Liverpool. Lo don, Sept. 9: Accra £ 5tg.272, c. and London. Continental ports, Sept. 9: Acc:: Oct./Dec. shipment £Stg.2ss-£Stg.2£ Nov./Jan. shipment, £Stg.2s7*/2-£Stg.2£ Dec./Feb. shipment, £ Stg.2sB/15/-; Jau Mar. shipment, £ Stg.2sB/15/-, Mar./M shipment, £ 5tg.256/5/-, all c.i.f. Co tinental ports prices are for metric to (2,200 lb).

Rubber:—London, Sept. 6: Spot buys 27*/sd lb c.i.f. Dec., 26d; Sept., 1958, 25*a j

Exchange Rates

FlJl.—Through BANK OF NSW, Ai BANK and BANK OF NZ. Australia Fiji, basis £lOO Fiji: Buying. £AIII/S Selling, £AII3. Fiji-London, basis &: London: B, £llO/15/-; S. £ll2. NZ-K basis £lOO NZ: B. £lll/11/9; S. £llO/4 SAMOA.-—’Through BANK OF NZ. A'i tralia on Samoa, basis £ 100 Samt B. £ A123/12/6; S. £AI24/10/0. Sami London, basis £lOO London: E. £99/T S. £lOl/10/-. Samoa-NZ, basis £lOO I B. £100; £lOO/10/-. Samoa-Fiji, b 8 £lOO Samoa: B, £111; S. £llO.

Papua - Ng.—Commonwealth Baj

(Pt. Moresby, Lae, Rabaul, Goroka, Buld Kavieng, Madang, Wewak), BANK OF Nt (branches: Port Moresby, Lae, Bulti Rabaul, Madang, Samarai, Goroc agencies: Wau, Boroko, Kokopo) A£ BANK (Pert Moresby) and NATION 1 BANK OF A/ASIA. (Port Moresby) qm exchange rate Australia-Papua-NG: t per £AIOO.

NORFOLK IS.-—Commonwealth B a quotes exchange rate Australia - North Island: 5/- per £AIOO.

FR. PACSFIC COLONIES.—Pacific fraw most valuable of the three franc groo in French Union, are used in New CfC donia. New Hebrides, and Fr. Ocean- FRENCH BANK (Comptoir Natlrol D’Escompte de Paris) in Sydney quoc Selling 168 Pac. fr. to £Aust.: 208 E fr. to £Stg.; 87Vi Pac. fr. to US $.

Published by PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY. LTD., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (Telephone: MA 9197). Wholly set up and! printed in Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney.

Guess where ?

This enchanting scene could be some place in APBS Europe .. . but it’s not! It’s right in the South Pacific ;to be precise, New Zealand, a country as famous for the fatness of its trout as for the refreshing qualities of its climate.

And it’s so easy to reach ... by TEAL ! Look at the map below to see how many important places in the South Pacific are within such easy reach of New Zealand (and of each other) when you fly TEAL. Your Travel Agent will be glad to tell you more about TEAL air routes serving the South Pacific ... or enquire at any TEAL, office.

FIJI

Norfolk Is.£

F # TONGA AUCKLAND TAHITI SAMOA

Cook Islands

SYDNEY MELBOURNE CHRISTCHURCH mi TASMAN EMPIRE AIRWAYS LIMITED. NEW ZEALAND’S INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE, IN ASSOCIATION WITH Q ANT AS AND 8.0.A.C.

SEPTEMBER, 1957 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

la a I ; /

General Merchants

n * ■V- Capital . . £2,500,000 ESTABLISHED 1914

General Merchants

and PROVIDORES

Trade Throughout The Pacific

OVER FORTY YEARS OF PACIFIC ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE

Wholesalers And Retailers

Buyers And Exporters Of All Kinds

OF ISLAND PRODUCE, COPRA, COCOA, M.O.P. SHELL, TROCAS SHELL, ETC.

Agents For Australian, European

AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS.

Distributors Of Every Description

OF MERCHANDISE.

Through our Sydney office, branches and agents, we distribute a wide and comprehensive range of general merchandise W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD Head Office THE WALES HOUSE, 27 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cable Address: “CAMOHE.”

Telephone: BL 5421 Postal Address: G.P.0., Box 168, Sydney.

In London: W. R. Carpenter & Co. (London) Ltd., 13 Rood Lane, London, E.C.3 ASSOCIATED COMPANIES THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC: IN NEW GUINEA: IN PAPUA; IN FIJI: NeW La G er in Mad a ? g n,^ i en L g m Kokopo baUl ’ W. OTP S* PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY SEPTEMBER, 1957