Pacific Islands Monthly

Vol. 42, No. 7 ( Jul. 1, 1971)
1971-07-01 · uncorrected OCR from NLA scans

Pacific Islands Monthly

News Magazine Of The South Pacific

JULY, 1971

Australia, Nz, Geic, Bsip 50C

Png, Fiji, Cooks, Tonga, W. Samoa, N. Hebrides 45C

Nauru, Norfolk, Niue 45C

AMERICAN SAMOA 70c HAWAII 80c MICRONESIA 90c

New Caledonia 65 Cfp French Polynesia 75 Cfp

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Motors Corporation

Tokyo, Japan JULY 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

OUR COVER No international cricketers ever got as colourful an array of spectators as this one photographed by Bruce Adams at a women's cricket match in New Caledonia.

Pacific Islands Monthly Vol. 42. No. 7, July, 1971 In This Issue GENERAL SPC Secretary-General ballot 25 Leaders to meet 121

American Samoa

Samoans on Canton 28 Pago watch deal goes ahead 91 Police chief appointed 123

Cook Islands

More about Banks 67 New ship bought 78 FIJI Common roll 24 Immigration policies 27, 43 Computers and population 28 Press Club 28 Israeli Ambassador appointed 72 Inland Revenue staff changes 72 Queen's Birthday honours 72 Miss Hibiscus in Sydney 73 Gold mines chief leaves 73 Mr. Brown looks for aid 73 New Indian High Commissioner .... 73 Freight charges increased 75 Ship's master suspended 77 Localisation too fast 85 Feasibility studies 87 Mara on sugar agreement 90 Bauxite find 91 No sexual danger in tablets 115 New outlet for coconuts 117 NAURU Search for new markets 91 Facing problems 105

New Caledonia

Helen Rousseau's diary 30

New Hebrides

Preparing for Games 26 Jimmy Stephens' star 39 Teachers study in UK 72 Queen's Birthday honours 73 Population figures 122 NIUE UN and future status 21

Norfolk Island

Lottery 123

Papua New Guinea

Common Market 21 Development all over 22 SPC Secretary-General ballot 25 Percy Chatterton 32 Kennecott looks for copper 47 Mining on Bougainville 48 Willie Coe in New Guinea 65 Air pioneer 71 Civil service changes 72 Queen's Birthday honours 72 Freight charges rise 75 Training school for seamen 77 New wharf at Wewak 78 PITCAIRN Stamp deal went wrong 28

Solomon Islands

Ballalae gets an air strip .... 23 Bauxite boom on Rennell 51 Dalrymple-Hay's story 53 Bishop Patteson, martyr 69 Lever's profit grows 91 Making money 117 Ship burns 122 TONGA Hotel disturbance 29 Butter price increase 121 Oil well to be drilled 121

United States Trust Territory

Political status 15, 34 New hotels 121

Western Samoa

SPC Secretary-General ballot 25 Willie Coe's story 65 Pop singer returns home 72 Delegation to Malaysia 73 DEPARTMENTS: Editor's Mailbag, iii; Up Front with the Editor, 15; Tropicalities, 27; From the Islands Press, 36; Magazine Section, 53; Yesterday, 56; Book Reviews, 69; People, 72; Pacific Shipping, 75; Cruising Yachts, 80; Business and Development, 85; Produce Prices, 93; Shipping and Airways Information, 95; In a Nutshell, 121; Deaths of Islands People, 100.

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Flies, mosquitoes, in fact no insect can survive its powerful fume action. Powerful Pea-Beu penetrates to all corners with devastating effect to all flying and crawling insect pests, even seeking out and destroying those hiding in inaccessible places. Because of its strong concentration, Pea-Beu aerosol insecticide is very economical. You need only short bursts in a room to ensure complete protection from all disease-carrying insect pests.

The dangers of diseases spread by insect pests cannot be stressed enough, especially to mothers of young children. Pea-Beu is the only insecticide that will kill all insect pests, even the hardy cockroach. Regular spraying with powerful Pea-Beu aerosol insecticide will eradicate insect pests such as flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, fleas, ants, moths and silverfish and all insect pests that bring the dangers of disease into your home.

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Pea-Beu kills all insects writer to interview Jerry Pentland and Goya Henry, who are somewhere around. 1 don’t mean a reporter such as interviews blokes like me for half an hour, but one who can be interested in writing a book and spending a week or so with them.

Not only will an early history of flying in New Guinea be available but also a history of the Royal Flying Corps. Both were in the early days of New Guinea flying and the stories they can tell are worth a fortune.

Jerry’s stories are sometimes exaggerated, but having lived with him for 12 months or so I know they are not too much so.

LANCE WILKINSON.

Samarai, Papua. • The old hands concerned are both in Sydney, and we occasionally hear from Goya. Their New Guinea aviation stories were recorded some years ago by that other remarkable New Guinea pioneer lan Grabowsky, when he was putting together the raw material for a history of New Guinea aviation. lan became ill in Melbourne, and his huge dossier of facts is now in the capable hands of Jim Sinclair, of Goroka, NG, who is getting it into book form. There’s a review of Jim’s latest book, on Gibbes Sepik Airways, in this issue of PIM. But for some oj the difficulties of producing instant history from old-timers, see the comments, Up Front column, May PIM.

Fiji Drinking

Sir, —It’s an old, old story, the one put out by the liquor brewers (PIM.

June, p. 35) that beer has to be 8 per cent, or 9 per cent, proof spirit if it is to keep in the tropics. It just isn’t true. A friend of mine in Fiji regularly bought cartons of canned beer imported by the Suva Co-op. from England—Toby was the name of one of the two varieties. It was well below the strength of the local brew—it didn’t taste as good either— but it kept well. The real objection by the hotel keepers in Fiji to weaker beer is that it might not. be welcomed by the Fijians who’s main aim is to get stoned as quickly as possible.

Your June article reported the growing incidence of drunkenness in Fiji, This is not confined to Fiji or to under-developed countries, but it is more noticeable in places like Fiji where there is little or no control over drinking. There are only two rules imposed by hoteliers —the drinker has to be able to pay for his drink and be still conscious when he asks for it. Unless there is more control, the staggering, brawling drunks will continue to pour out of Fiji’s bars.

T. C. ROSS Auckland, NZ.

IV JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

s.

Throughout The

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The New Zealand Shipping Co. Ltd.

Shaw Savill & Albion Co. Ltd.

Blue Star Port Line (Management) Ltd.

Bank Line Ltd.

General Steamship Corporation Ltd.

Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes Royal Interocean Lines Daiwa Navigation Company Ltd.

Sitmar Line Flotta Lauro (Lauro Lines) Australasia Pty. Ltd.

Tonga Shipping Agency.

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Agents For

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Shell Company (P. 1.) Ltd.

Bureau Veritas

Associated Companies

Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Ltd.

Burns Philp Trustee Co. Ltd.

Automotive Supplies Co. Ltd.

Corrie & Co. Ltd.

Wrought Iron and Steel Construction Co. Ltd.

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Specialised Services

Expert advice on Shipping; Forwarding; Customs formalities; Insurance.

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1 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

&

Some Of The Firms

WE REPRESENT ARE: A. W. Allens (Confectionery) Sunshine Biscuits Sunrise (Confectionery) Flamenco (Instant Coffee) Cremota (Quaker Oats, Jets Pet Foods) Merchants (Canned Soft Drinks) Highness (Canned Vegetables, Canned Fruit Drinks) Lunchtime (Honey) South Pacific Canneries (Scallops, Abalone) Safcol (Canned Tuna, Salmon) Hancock's (Spaghetti, Cereals) Melbourne Canning (Jams, Bleach) Water Wheel (Flour, Sharps, Wheat) General Food Corporation (Twisties, Twirlies) Edward Zorn (Margarine, Cooking Fats) Robert Timms (New Guinea Gold Coffees, Teas) Bx Plastics (Sandals) Homy Peds (Sandals) Magnet (Mattresses) Esteel (Cookwear) Teco (Cafe Bars) Mitchell's (Abrasives) Regent (Swiss Watches) Gainsborough (Furniture) Tamco (Melanie Crockery, Nylon Hardware) Elmaco (Plastic Household Goods, Electrical Fittings) Brownbuilt (Pre-fabricated Houses) Ryline (Fluorescent Lights) Chargemaster (Fluorescent Lamps) Franklite (Light Fittings) Electronic Industries (Electrical Household Appliances) Jex (Steel Wool) Austramax (Pressure Lamps) Preservene (Soap Products) Charles Tims (School Requisites) Ascow and Philadelphian (Shirts) Lawn Chair and Tubco (Garden Furniture) Sunrise Lustretone (S.S. Sinks, Plumbers' Supplies) Kerex (Kerosene Burners) Arena (Football Boots) Ferrari (Men's Shoes) S. E. TATHAM & Co. Pty. Ltd.

Melbourne, Australia

G.P.O. Box 8, Cables "SET"

Telephone 60-1125

Export Agents

Pacific (Sunos

AGENTS Australian buying and shipping agents for the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony Wholesale Society

Direct Enquiries Welcomed

Associate Company S. E. TATHAM (FIJI) Suva, G.P.O. Box 671.

Lautoka, P.O. Box 366.

LTD SINCi 1924 2 JULY, 1971—PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

When you order new equipment, insist on Cummins —the preferred diesel power. Cummins is offered by more than 450 different equipment manufacturers in over 1,700 different equipment models.

Why? Because Cummins has been proven the most reliable and economical diesel power. Come in and visit us—we’ll tell you where and how Cummins is applied and show you the back-up support we offer. - , re : re life I? :l£ : I m m m :■ m i i M m I ‘ <3 3 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

wor. m m m ’O fip- -6i O ft* one Only the world’s finest Virginia tobaccos are blended to produce...

PLAYER’S GOLD LEAF ofthe greatcigarettes 8593/2/70 4 JULY. 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

I © * m K . ■ mem you need the Esso cure from BRECKWOLDT & CO.

This is the best combination to solve your lubrication troubles.

Esso quality combined with specialist knowledge will eliminate all your lubrication headaches.”

Esso Contact your local Breckwoidt Branch for the cure. 1866/86 5 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

no place for sissies” survive Timber country is the world’s toughest country ... timber getting one of the world’s toughest jobs ... Franklin doesn’t just survive in the world’s worst country. Frahklin thrives ... performing easily with a reliability, strength and sheer guts no other log skidder can touch.

Franklin is better than ever—with □ centre oscillation □ 80,000 lb. winches □ car steering wheel □ ‘Orbitrol’ steering valve □ mechanical brakes □ deflection-tested canopy for safety □ contoured bucket seat □ rugged GM diesel with power-shift transmission 4 models —□ 1338 P □ 170BPS—130 hp □ 190BPS —160 hp □ 195BPS—250hp FRANKLIN BLACKWOOD HODGE S 3 m ¥ m W V v / Sydney • Melbourne • Brisbane • Adelaide • Perth • Hobart • Grafton(NSW) Darwhi(NT) • Mt. Isa • Townsville (Qld.) • Pt. Hedland (WA) • Lae(TPNG)

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Ready painted wall cladding, roofing and insulation, steel building and roof frames, ceiling, soffit and fascia systems, feature gutters and all accessories. And they’re all made for each other.

Brownbuilt LIMITED Building Products Division 6 Brunker Road Chullora NSW 2190 Designed to fit together quickly and easily.

So your building’s up fast.

And remember, only Brownbuilt offers the protection of Colorarmor.

So next time you’re thinking of building ... or extending, think of Brownbuilt. See your local distributor or post coupon for more information. r 1 I Please send me further details I I I I on | Name Address 88.P33P1M 7 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

Tabata Skin &' Scuba Diving Equipment

i m a- NEW ZEALAND Agents NORFOLK ISLAND Agents: Allan Mitchell Norfolk Island Sport mg Ltd Centre Ltd The TABATA line offers the importer a complete range of RUBBER

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For full particulars on our lines, write to: Manufacturers TABATA CO., LTD.

Yajima 81dg..2-2Yoshi-cho. Nihonbashi .Chuo-ku,Tokyo CabIe:"EASTABA"Tokyo- TELEX;2S2 *2806 EASTABATA TOK Tel; (663)8651 —5. ... . 1g - .■ 1 I ■ uM!

M $P*« *« Fibreglass Islander 43' and Karitane 29' especially designed for tropical conditions Satisfied Customers in the whole of the South Pacific have proven the suitability of “Islander 43” and “Karitane 29” for tropical conditions.

Their fibreglass construction is highly resistant to weathering, rot, corrosion, marine organisms etc., and is easy to clean. Both boats are built to a Lloyds moulding specification. The construction is heavy duty fibreglass laminate equal in strength to an equivalent steel boat.

ISLANDER 43 Length: 42ft. 6in. Beam: 12ft.

Draught; sft. Displacement 16 tons.

KARITANE 29 Length: 29ft. Beam: 9ft.

Draught: 2ft. Tin.

Displacement 4j tons.

For further information (including lines drawings) contact:

George & Ashton

P.O Box 2056, South Dunedin, New Zealand. Phones 54-108 & 54-109 or George & Ashton (P. 1.) Ltd., Suva, Fiji. P.O. Box 296. Phone 26-249. 8 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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One man and a Massey-Ferguson 135 can do almost anything MF7156 ASK YOUR MASSEY-FERGUSON DISTRIBUTOR FOR COMPLETE DETAILS ... THE MAN TO SEE IS HERE

Papua And New Guinea

Ela Motors Limited, P.O. Box 75,

Port Moresby

Branches and Dealers throughout Papua and New Guinea 9 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

For RUM at its best... say

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In 5 oz. and 13 oz. flasks and 26 oz. and 40 oz. bottles.

BLENDED AND BOTTLED BY JOHN WALKER & SONS LIMITED. 2^2 IWOTRA URUNO ft Model F-860 MK-ll Series Fish finder with 6-inch dry paper. For every types of fishing boats. .et FUHUNO take the next watch * Model VF-25N 25W VHF/FM 2-way radio. 6 channels in 132-174 MFIz. For automobile, pleasure craft and fishing boats.

Antenna Ui FR-151-TR Mark-ll Indicator Unit Transistorized, high perfc mance marine radar. 1/2 32 miles 10 KW transmits 7" PPL Automatic headir 0 FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 9-52, Ashihara-cho, Nishinomiya City, Japan JULY. 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

Its wide range of applications has earned the NA2 Level a new, appropriate name Universal Automatic Level Wild NA2 Particularly suitable for • engineering work above or below ground • setting-out work • distance measurements • line levelling with wooden and invar staves It has proved its worth • all over the world • in wind and rain • in all types of terrain Write to us for prospectus G 1 136 e 1921 1971

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Interstate Agents

S.A.: E. Treliving & Son Pty. Ltd., Adelaide.

TAS.: J. Walch & Sons Pty. Ltd., Hobart.

OLD.: Watson Victor Ltd., East Brisbane.

W.A.: Henderson Inst. Co. Pty. Ltd., Subiaco.

N.T.: J. R. Roe & Co. Ltd., Darwin.

T.P.N.G.: B. Bell & Co. Pty. Ltd., Boroko. 11 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

The office, bank, schoolroom, casualty station, clinic, X-ray unit, laboratory, shop, library, showroom, caravan (or you name it) that floats. ********* Built around a basic 24 ft x 8 ft full-flotation hull, the all-aluminium de Havilland “Hydravan” can be fitted out for your individual use, or as complete accommodation for six people. Alternatively, the decked hull can be supplied separately or with insulated cabin (18 ft x 8 ft) erected to lock-up The “Hydravan” can be trailed if necessary and has every modern convenience available: lighting, refrigeration, gas cooking, hot water, shower and lavatory (chemical treatment unit). Propulsion is by remote control outboard motor.

For more information, please mail this coupon. stage. de Havilland MARINE Division of Hawker de Havilland Australia Pty. Limited P.O. Box 30, Bankstown, H.S.W. 2200, Australia.

Afogj Hawker Siddeley Company

Mail to Hawker de Havilland Australia Pty. Limited.

Please send prices and information on the de Havilland “Hydravan.

NAME ADDRESS (Please attach details of special requirements) ' ’

JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

new heart a U H AU999 AUBBB AU666 AUIOI AUSSSA AU999; SANSUI's top-of-the-line in its distinguished solidstate control amplifier series. A dazzling 180 watts of music power, with total distortion less than 0.4%. 10 to 30,000 Hz power bandwidth. Triple tone control. Separately useable pre- and main amplifier sections. Accommodates 3 sets of speaker systems, 2-tape decks, and 2 turntables.

AUBBB:Offers a full-bodied 140 watts of music power. 10 to 40,000 Hz power bandwidth, with distortion kept to 0.4% or less. Triple tone controls. Separable pre- and power amplifier sections. Accommodates 3 sets of speaker systems, 2-tape decks, and 2 turntables. AU666‘Probably the most advanced control amplifier in the medium-tohigh power range. 10 to 40,000 Hz power bandwidth, with distortion no more than 0.5%. 100 watts of music power.

Triple tone controls. Exceptional tone quality. Separately useable pre- and main amplifier sections. Accommodates 2 sets of speaker systems simultaneously. AUSSSA;One of the best buys in the medium power range. A rousing "m. 85 watts of music power. 20 to 40,000 Hz power bandwidth, with distortion less than 0.5%. Independently useable pre- and power amplifier sections. 2 speaker switches, 5 outputs, and 7 inputs. AU101: Offers professional features out of proportion to its modest price tag. 50 watts of music power. 25 to 40,000 Hz power bandwidth, with distortion limited to less than 0.8%. Complete accessory circuits. pand your present stereo set into system, all you need are the QS-1, a second set of speakers, and a second power amplifier.

QS-1 4-Channel Synthesizer Decoder : Creates fantastic'Mive sound field" from2-channel sources. To excomplete 4-channel fr The Symbol of SANSUI 4-Channel Sound PRABHY BROTHERS LTD. P.O. Box 183, Nadi, Fiji Islands Tel. 70183/SERVONNAT Rue des Polius, Tahitiens Pateete, Tahiti.'Tel. 03-29/OCEANIA INDENT AGENCY P.O Box 5518, Boroko, Port Moresby, Papua & New Guinea. Tel. 56406/CHIN H. MEEN & SONS P/L Tabari Place, P.O. Box 1106, Boroko Tel. 56546/Kametere St., P.O. Box 224, Rabaul.

Tel. 2462/PAUL MOW & CO. 9th St., P.O. Box 449, Lae. Tel. 2954/MICHAEL CHOW & CO. P/L Okari St., P.O. Box 1106, Boroko Tel. 56338/SEETO KONG & SONS P/L Taurama Road, P.O. Box 1218, Boroko Tel. 56445/PINCS (MT HAGEN) P/L P.O. Box 16S, Mt Hagen. Tel. 385/BOUGAINVILLE COPPER Canteen, Panguna/ PHOTOSONIC P.O Box 519, Madang. Tel. 2503/SANSUI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. 14-1, 2-chome, Izumi, Suginami-ku, Tokyo, Japan

/C> O •'V o >v % ** *r Lunch size, snack size SAO biscuits are the right size!

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PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY Established 1930: 41st Year of Publication.

Owned And Published By

PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS (AUST.) PTY. LTD., 29 ALBERTA ST., SYDNEY, N.S.W., 2000.

Postal Address: G.P.O. BOX 3408, SYDNEY, N.S.W., 2001.

Telegraphic Address: PACPUB, Sydney.

TELEPHONES: 61-9197, 61-7101, 61-4669.

Chief Executives: Managing Director: R. W. Robson.

Executive Director/Publisher: Judy Tudor.

Executive Director/Business Manager: Selwyn Hughes.

Executive Director/Chief Editor: Stuart Inder.

Pacific Islands Monthly

Editor: Stuart Inder.

Assistant Editor: John Carter.

Advertising Manager: W. A. Gasnier.

Branch Offices

Fiji: Pacific Publications (Fiji) Ltd., Fiji Times Building, 20 Gordon Street, Suva. Tel.: 25601.

Fiji Times Office, Mayfair Building, Namoli Ave., LAUTOKA. Telex: 1144. Tel.: 60-422.

Papua-New Guinea: PORT MORESBY, P.O.

Box 16; LAE, P.O. Box 227; RABAUL, Mr.

Steve Simpson, P.O. Box 433 (c/- Rabaul Photographic. Tel.: 2677).

REPRESENTATIVES Victoria; Advertising—Wilke & Co. Ltd., 37 Brown's Road, Clayton, Vic., 3168. Tel.: 544-8222.

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Overseas Newspapers (Agencies) Ltd., Cromwell House. Fulwood Place, London, W.C.I. Tel.: 01-242-0661. Cables: WESNEWS, London, DS4 Japan: Advertising—Universal Media Corpora tion, C.P.O. Box 46, Tokyo. Tel.: 666-3036 AGENTS All main trading firms and stores in the Pacific Islands.

Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd. is the Australian agent for THE FIJI TIMES.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES: "Pacific Islands Monthly" is air-freighted to all subscribers and agents in the Pacific Islands; copies to other areas go by surface mail.

Australia (including Lord Howe and Thursday Is.), 8.5.1. P., Gilbert and Ellice Is.; $5.50 Aust.; Papua-New Guinea, Norfolk Island, Nauru, Tonga and New Hebrides: $5.00 Aust.; New Zealand: $5.50 NZ; Fiji, Cook Islands, Niue and Western Samoa: $5.00 (local currency); American Samoa; $B.OO US; U.S. Mainland, Micronesia (including Guam); $lO.OO US; Hawaii: $9.00 US; New Caledonia: 750 French Pacific francs; Tahiti and French Polynesia: 850 French Pacific francs; United Kingdom and elsewhere; £3.25.

Copyright ©, 1971, Pacific Publications (Aust.) Pty. Ltd.

Up Front with the Editor Commonwealth is one of those words that mean different things to different people, and “Commonwealth status” as currently used by America in its dialogue with the Micronesians is causing some confusion in the rest of the Pacific Islands.

Most of the islands have a British background (my apologies to the French presence) and the British Commonwealth does not bear much relationship to what America has in mind in Micronesia. Hence the confusion.

I submit, though, that it was Britain, not America, that altered the original meaning of the word Commonwealth.

At the grass roots, Commonwealth started out meaning simply a group of persons banded together for the common good, and that’s the way that America still sees it.

There are within the United States four states still officially called commonwealths—Pennysylvania, Virginia.

Kentucky and Massachusetts. And virtually sharing US statehood is the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, in the Caribbean. Most federal laws apply to Puerto Rico as though it were a state, and its people are US citizens with free access to the US. Essential differences between Puerto Rico and the four states that still bear the word commonwealth in their titles is that Puerto Rico has a non-voting representative in the US Congress, and it does not pay federal income taxes.

Commonwealth status suits some Puerto Ricans, but there are internal political pressures for full US statehood.

The British Commonwealth took shape early in the century as a group of self-governing countries banded together for the common good, but the changes in form and emphasis since are legion.

Internal pressures have brought the changes. The ties were loosening as long ago as 1926 at the Imperial Conference in London which defined the Commonwealth as “united by a common allegiance to the Crown, and freely associated members of the Commonwealth of Nations”. Since then, member nations have come and gone, with varying degrees of enmity or joy, and what is left is an extraordinarily loose association that surely deserves to be a source of wonder for the cohesion it still retains, the Common Market decision notwithstanding.

This cohesion has a lot to do with the fact that the member countries of the Commonwealth of Nations are free to do their own political thing any way they like. They are in fact free.

It’s not this kind of developed Commonwealth status that America has so far offered Micronesia—but the Puerto Rico kind.

Micronesia would become part of the United States as the Commonwealth of Micronesia—a relationship not so close as that of a state, but closer than that of an unincorporated territory.

It would have internal self-government, with a non-voting delegate to the US House of Representatives. It would have local courts but the US Federal Court system would be expanded to include Micronesia.

A Commonwealth of Micronesia would have the choice of having federal income tax laws or not, but with the tax money being retained by Micronesia. The US has also offered to match local revenues with an equal sum from the US Treasury, and also appropriate additional US funds for specific purposes.

Micronesians would have the choice of becoming US nationals or US citizens.

The Commonwealth of Micronesia would have the right to control land, with the exception of land required by the US as “being necessary for the public purposes”. Foreign policy matters, defence, banking and postal systems would be the responsibility of the United States.

The Congress of Micronesia, as a 15 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

&wm<t Cad6mtfA mmvt Cm(6m.(fA HkdSmifA &want Ca <o It’s worth saying over and over again because there’s a glass and a half of pure, fresh, full-cream milk in every half-pound of Cadbury Dairy Milk Chocolate. No other chocolate can possibly give you that creamy, creamy Cadbury taste. Look for the famous purple wrapper.

CADBURY

Dairy Milk Chocolate

the biggest selling block chocolate in Australia MD4/32/0 whole, has rejected Commonwealth status. It gave official notice of its rejection 12 months ago, and only now are both sides beginning to ease out of their deadlock and arrange to talk to each other again.

The settlement is not likely to be easy, especially as it has recently been complicated by the apparent determination of the Marianas, one of the six districts of Micronesia, to do its own thing. There is a strong element in the Marianas which would like to have Commonwealth status, and would secede from the Trust Territory to have it, “by force of arms if necessary”. Thus Micronesia is dividing at a time when unity would be in its best interests.

The Congress of Micronesia rejected Commonwealth status simply because it does not want to be absorbed holus-bolus into the American system. It has laid down four basic principles that it says must be met by America in deciding on Micronesia’s future.

These are: 1. Full Micronesian control of government. 2. Free choice of independence or association with any nation. 3. The right to draw up and change the constitution. 4. Freedom to end the association.

In the long debates that have surrounded discussion on Micronesia’s future it has been clear that the Micronesians are not anti-American, despite the enunciation of these four principles of freedom. My own observations during a visit to all the districts last year also convince me of this. The wonder is that with the great distances between those widely-scattered islands of Micronesia there is as much cohesion and Americaorientation.

America deserves much credit for what she has done there, but I wish she wouldn’t push her luck during the next few significant months. There are alternatives, and the odds are that a free Micronesia will work even more closely with America than otherwise.

What Micronesia really is asking for is Commonwealth status as it works among the Commonwealth of Nations, and not the original, but narrow, American version that has never developed further because it has never had to.

So long as the key decisions are made before the present comparative era of goodwill dissipates, both sides can have their cake and eat it too. I believe it is as clear as that.

Stuart Inder. 16 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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pssLtake the side entrance! □□ ti rit $3 No offence meant, of course! We’re talking of side-port unit-loading—the fast, safe way to load and unload your cargo.

Side-port loading is standard procedure in the “New Guinea Chief,” “Island Chief,” “Coral Chief” and the “Papuan Chief.” These four vessels provide regular and efficient services between Sydney, Brisbane and Port Moresby, Samarai, Lae, Madang and Rabaul, Kavieng, Kieta and Honiara in Papua-New Guinea and The British Solomon Islands.

So, if you would like to know more about how to cut down your inventories, tell the New Guinea-Australia Line that you want to see the twenty-minute film “Cargo Revolution.” This will tell you how to get your exports from A to B the fast, safe way.

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The Welcome Additions.

Curry Sauce |t ** Jv- White Mushroom Sauce Cheese Sauce White Sauce - «* Brown Onion Sauce *

Pacific Islands Monthly New Guinea may lose most through Britain's entry to Common Market Papua New Guinea stands to lose about one-third of her export trade, worth about $lOO million annually, now that Britain seems to be a 100 to 1 on shot to enter the Common Market.

Loss of the UK market should force some sharp rethinking about PNG trade policies and a positive drive for new markets.

PNG was in an unfortunate position during the Luxemburg negotiations. She is not independent and so could not apply for associate status. She is a dependant of another country vitally concerned with the outcome in Luxemburg, and it is history now how badly Australia fared.

However, the PNG representative at the London talks preceding the meeting at Luxemburg, Mr. N. J.

Thomson, was reported to be pleased with the progress he had made in his efforts to get special safeguards for the territory. He believes there was general sympathy for PNG’s position and hoped for some positive undertaking in a few weeks.

This is the position about PNG’s major commodities: Coconut oil —This will lose preference in its major market, and will find reverse preferences operating against it.

Copra —About two-thirds of the copra production goes to the UK.

PNG could expect to lose the 10 per cent, preference it has over non- Commonwealth producers, and would have to compete on equal terms with major exporters such as the Philippines and Indonesia.

Cocoa beans —The UK is a significant market for PNG cocoa beans, and industry would suffer if a reverse preference were applied.

Palm oil and kernels —PNG and other Commonwealth countries have a 10 per cent, tariff preference, while the EEC allows duty-free entry for members and associated States, and imposes a common external tariff of 6 per cent, on oil imports from elsewhere, including PNG. Kernels are duty-free from all sources. The oil would lose its 10 per cent, preference and would have to compete with associate EEC States which have tariff protection of 6 per cent. —a total deterioration of 16 per cent.

Tea —The UK imports this dutyfree from all sources while the EEC provides for duty-free entry from associated members and places a 9 per cent, tariff on imports from elsewhere. Tea is a new industry for PNG and could suffer badly with such a tariff against it in major markets.

Coffee —The UK imposes no tariff on Commonwealth coffee, which enjoys the additional advantage of a tariff preference. The EEC imposes a 7 per cent, duty on imports from countries outside the EEC. Here, PNG could suffer from competition from countries in East Africa associated with the EEC.

Any recovery from the loss of markets in the EEC would be longterm. Among the immediate effects would be a financial crisis with widespread unemployment in cash and subsistence economics, a period of stagnation in agricultural pursuits, and greater pressure on Australia, at least financially, and probably politically.

PNG seems as though she will fare worse than any other Pacific territory. New Caledonia, French Polynesia and Wallis Island, as French territories, have special status, while the New Hebrides, as a condominium controlled by a member and a potential member, will also have a special status. As far as the BSIP and the GEIC are concerned, as British possessions, they will probably receive status similar to that of the French territories.

Western Samoa and Tonga, as independent countries, could apply for a status similar to that granted to 18 African countries under the Yaounde Convention. Britain could be expected to support such applications. The Yaounde Convention makes special provision for imports for the countries it covers, and also for aid from Common Market members.

Fiji intends to seek association with the EEC under the Yaounde Convention. Fiji has till 1974, when the Commonwealth Sugar Agreement expires, to negotiate terms with the EEC. She will negotiate on her own, but will look for consultants to advise in drawing up terms for an agreement (see page 90).

There is a question mark over the Cook Islands, but she has a very small trade with any of the EEC countries.

Give The Colonies A Go!

When Fiji joined the UN following independence last October she announced she would be spokesman for the South Pacific. In June, Fiji's Special Representative to the UN, Mr. Satia Nandan, gave a demonstration of this when addressing a panel of the Special Committee on Colonialism during a debate on conditions in Niue and the Tokelaus.

He praised New Zealand’s record as an administering power in the Pacific and said Fiji was confident that the problems of Niue and the Tokelau Islands would be solved to the satisfaction of their peoples.

He said: “While perpetual colonial status of these territories is in principle unacceptable to my delegation, the Fiji delegation is nevertheless firmly against the application of a blanket anti-colonial formula in these territories without first finding satisfactory solutions to the unique problems of size, remoteness, lack of resources and small populations.”

These were as much the problems of the territories as for the administrating powers, but they called for a compassionate approach by the latter. 21 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

The Papuans insist they're not New Guineans From a Port Moresby correspondent It was a happening month in Papua New Guinea, where suddenly the Administration is called a “government”, the Ministerial Members are called “Ministers” and everybody talks about self-government and independence as though they will be attained next year. Notwithstanding, it’s still a safe bet that nobody has any idea where this territory is headed politically or what it will do when it gets there.

The May/June meeting of the House of Assembly reversed the recent parliamentary tendency to dullness, that has presumably been brought about by the downhill run to the general elections that are due after Christmas. There was plenty of interest this time, although as usual not a lot of worthwhile discussion on social rather than political issues.

An exception was the debate on four land bills aimed at enabling native customary land to be registered by individuals. The bills were introduced in March for debate at this meeting, but meantime they attracted extraordinary opposition.

Roman Catholic Archbishop of Port Moresby, Dr. Virgil Copas> and the Anglican Bishop of PNG, Rt. Rev.

David Hand, appealed to the Administrator, Mr. Johnson, to defer the bills until after the elections, or “even wait until full internal self-government is attained”.

The church leaders said that the legislation could “drastically change and even destroy the whole pattern of life of the majority of our people . . , We are not convinced that individualisation of land tenure in PNG will necessarily further economic development”.

The previous month, at the Waigani Seminar in Port Moresby, former Chief Commissioner of Land Titles, Mr. Cyril McCubbery, now a Port Moresby solicitor, described the bills as “the most dangerous set of land legislation ever introduced”.

Dr. A. D. Ward, who is teaching this year at the University of Papua New Guinea, warned in a paper circulated to members of the House that similar land reforms attempted among NZ Maoris had caused social disruption, landlessness and decline in productivity.

Large areas of land passed to banks and lending institutions under forced sale and this would happen in PNG.

It was wrong to assume there was no halfway house between complex traditional rights and fully negotiable freehold title.

The legislation, he said, was framed not for the simple villager “but for a populace of Melbourne businessmen who know how to play the system and can phone a Collins Street lawyer”.

These outside pressures were reflected in the House and the government withdrew the bills. Deputy Administrator and government leader in the House, Tony Newman, said the main problem in the House seemed to be fear brought about by the fact that nobody fully understood the proposals.

Events that had cast their shadows before also played a part in the development of a debate on the status of distinct from the New Guineans. The Papua v New Guinea argument had got an unexpected airing at the March meeting, and in late May it was the subject of a statement about national unity issued by Administrator Johnson, who strengthened the announcement by noting that he had been authorised by the Minister for External Territories to say it.

Mr. Johnson reiterated the policy of the Australian Government “to advance PNG to internal self-government and independence as a united country”, and said he saw no other course long-term. The difference of legal status between the inhabitants of Papua [Australian citizens] and New Guinea [Australian protected persons] had been of little consequence since 1947, when the two territories began an administrative union authorised by the UN. The people of the combined territory would all be treated the same.

Without unity, the country would “inevitably break down into a collection of tiny, hostile fragments”, and the administrator appealed to all leaders “to recognise the grave dangers which disunity threatens”.

In the Assembly a fortnight later, Bert Counsel, Tasmanian-bom member for Western and Gulf, who has Few people have highlighted the role of Indian traditional culture in modern Fiji as decoratively as has beautiful Mrs. Usha Venkateswaran, wife of the former Indian High Commissioner to Fiji, Mr. A.

P. Venkateswaran. During her husband's two-year term of office in Fiji, which ended in June, she taught traditional dancing to many of Fiji's young Indian girls but never danced in public herself.

Before the Venkateswarans left the dominion in June, Mrs. Venkateswaran organised a cultural evening and practised superbly what she had been preaching. 22 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

lived in Papua for 25 years, and has a Papuan wife and nine children, threw mud in Mr. Johnson’s eye.

First he introduced an urgency debate on the issue of Papuan union with New Guinea, and a day or two later moved a motion virtually demanding that Papua be entitled to decide for itself whether it would join New Guinea or seek separate status.

The motion called on the Australian Government not to change Papua’s status “without the express approval of the Papuan people or their elected representatives”, and, surprisingly, it was passed, 30 votes to 25.

General tenor of both debates, which were dominated by Papuans, was that Papuans opposed being forced into a union which they feared might result in them being overwhelmed.

Mr. Percy Chatterton (Moresby) said Papuans and New Guineans were not one people, and the only national unity that was any good was the unity of people who came together because they wanted to come together.

“A unity imposed by the arrogant on the unwilling can only end in disaster and misery”, he said.

There were viable alternatives between national unity and Mr. Johnson’s “tiny* hostile fragments”. There could be a group of provinces within a federal State; there could be a group of small independent States linked by a common market and joint defence agreements. But the alternatives should be considered without bullying and brainwashing.

Mr. Warren Dutton (North Fly) said the real conflict was not between Papuans and New Guineans, but between the people of PNG and the Australian Government.

The government members, despite their strong objections to the motion, conformed to their convention of not voting on constitutional matters.

In getting the support of the House the Papuans achieved what neither the break-away Mataungans of New Britain nor the Bougainville secessionists have been able to achieve—that is, success for separatist sentiment.

Even then the issue wouldn’t lie down. A couple of days later another Papuan-inspired motion was passed asking that an Australian all-party parliamentary committee be appointed to review the wishes of the Papuan people on their future.

Percy Chatterton remarked, “I hope if an Australian delegation does come it comes to find out what Papuans think, not to tell Papuans what Australia thinks”.

Outside the House the Administrator kept his cool. He said the govern- Continued on p. 124 Ballalae is back in the world From JUNE WOOD, in Honiara Ballalae airfield in the Shortland Islands, nestled in one of the most beautiful parts of the Solomons, has come to life again after 25 years of neglect and disuse.

Ballalae, which name author James Michener has said to be the most beautiful he has ever heard, is popularly believed—along with many others!—to have been the inspiration for the island of Bali Ha’i in his Tales of the South Pacific.

Now practically uninhabited, with the overgrowth of a quarter of a century cleared away, the coral sand of the reconstructed airstrip gleams boldly along the full length of the tiny island.

Ballalae airfield was officially opened on June 6, by BSIP Governing Council Committee Chairman for Communications and Works, Gordon Siama, at a ceremony attended by several hundred Shortland islanders who had come to Ballalae for the occasion.

The importance which they attach to the airfield was shown by the greeting the official opening party got as it stepped from a chartered Solair Islander on to the runway. A traditional warrior, armed with a spear, shouted and danced around the guests—a high honour usually reserved for chiefs.

Mr. Eresi, Governing Council member for the Shortlands, said his people looked forward to improved communications with the rest of the Solomons.

The airfield has been reconstructed from the old wartime Japanese strip m just over three months by the Royal Engineers a °d is the third which this special team, seconded to the protectorate s Public Works Department, has completed m the Solomons.

When the Engineers moved in h beginning of February, they f d a * mass s of derelict equipment on the island which indicated h h A „ ies took he Japanese b rise when they captured th y e air P field , Besides y abo J t 30 trucks, all with slashed tyres, the island is littered with wrecks of Japanese planes, both fighters and bombers, most of them only a few minutes’ walk from the runway, The whole island is pitted with bomb craters, and although an RAOC bomb disposer dumped 60 bombs off the end of the reef before the reconstruction began, the Engineers say there are still more, A suggestion that some of the planes might be moved to a more convenient site to provide a tourist attraction is not likely to bear fruit, although a Zero, salvaged some years ago, is said to be still The airstrip makes a vivid gash across Ballalae's green face as it follows the wartime Japanese airstrip. Photo: Ted Marriott. 23 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

flying in Canada. The Engineers believe the planes would break up in any attempt to tow them away, and so they remain, almost complete, with trees and creepers growing over and through them, a stark reminder of the war.

The original Japanese strip was 1,300 metres and the Engineers have cleared, re - aligned and marked out 680 metres so far, sufficient for Solair’s Baron and Islander, but not long enough for any overseas aircraft.

Like many other beautiful islands in the Solomons, Ballalae saw tragedy during the war. I spoke to one of the guests at the feast, Dionisio Tanutanu, now council clerk, who was forced by the Japanese in 1942 to come over to Ballalae from the mainland, in company with other Solomon Islanders, to help build the strip.

He told me that about 400 Australian war prisoners were then already at work there, brought, so the Japanese said, from Singapore.

All the airfield construction was done by hand, with picks, shovels and handrollers, and although conditions were hard for all the workers, they were particularly grim for the POWs.

Many of them died from sickness or ill-treatment by their captors; others were killed during the heavy bombing of the airstrip by the Americans. As far as Dionisio knew, none survived, and when the war-tide turned and the Japanese on the island had been taken away as prisoners, many of their bodies were buried in mass graves at the south end of the island.

Dionisio’s old father, John, now headman of the Shortlands, also told me he remembered the tragedy that went with the building of the strip. As a reminder of those days, Dionisio named his son George Lepping, after a French Roman Catholic priest, captured in the Shortlands in 1942 and taken away as a prisoner to New Guinea. This young George Lepping is well known in the Solomons as an athlete. He was a triple jump silver medallist at the South Pacific Games at Port Moresby and Noumea, and is expected to represent the Solomons again this year at Tahiti.

Trying to cool off from the sweltering sun after the ceremony, I sat by the waterfront, near the site of the jetty which still has to be completed. Opposite, across the water, on Shortland Island itself, the headquarters of the Japanese-owned Shortland Development Company could be seen clearly, with a timber ship anchored off. Around the beach, at my feet, was plenty of evidence of more recent Japanese visits to Ballalae; empty milk cartons, sweet papers and even the loose sheets of a Japanese newspaper. A party of Japanese from the company had been present at the opening ceremony and had helped with preparations.

Despite lingering war memories, there appears to be no open hostility towards the Japanese in their timber operations in the district.

The Shortland islanders are, of course, well paid by the Japanese for the use of their land, but the company has not yet been able to persuade any Shortland man to work for it. All the labour is recruited from other districts.

The Bougainville mainland looms close over the shoulder of the Shortlands, and an unexpected visitor at the opening was an Assistant District Officer from Bougainville, who flew the short distance from his base at Buin in his own Cessna. Ballalae has not yet been declared a port of entry for the Solomons, although it seems probable that this will happen later. The ADO said he would find it a useful emergency strip, as Buin is often covered with cloud.

Meanwhile, the new strip will no doubt encourage the Shortland islanders to look not outwards towards Bougainville but inwards towards the Solomons of which they are a part.

Common roll still wanted Prom a Lautoka correspondent Fiji’s Opposition party will continue to push for introduction of the common roll system of voting at all levels of government in Fiji.

At the National Federation Party convention at Lautoka in June, Opposition leader Mr. S. M. Koya said the NFP had no intention of abandoning this aspect of party policy now or in the future.

On the question of coalition, he said that while coalition had its advantages there were inherent dangers. It would wipe out all opposition in the House of Representatives; would entail amending the Constitution to abolish the post of Leader of the Opposition—and would be “a sure-fire way of encouraging certain factions to form another political party overnight without any work or sacrifice.”

Greatly daring, Mr. Koya put his finger into the fire when he turned to the burning topic of Fijian land about which the Fijians are dangerously nervous. He called for a change in the land laws to enable the Taukei (owners) to pledge their lands to raise loans without losing their freehold titles.

Laws relating to Fijian land, he said, were out of date and helped neither the landowning mataqali nor the country.

He didn’t say what should happen to the pledged land if the mataqali couldn’t repay the loan, which is what the Fijian would get all nervous and excited about.

Enlarging on his theme, Mr. Koya suggested that the mataqali, once they had obtained their loans, should be made to invest it in business concerns approved by the government such as Burns Philp or the Carpenter group. Likewise, it should be obligatory for these “expatriate companies” to accept them as shareholders and give them seats on the boards and an effective voice in the businesses.

It was inevitable that Mr. Koya would also have a shot at the immigration policies of Australia and New Zealand which, he said, called for “universal condemnation.”

It was time Fiji looked to its own policies, he said, to examine whether Dionisio Tanutanu ... he was there when 400 Australian POWs died.

Photo; Ted Marriott. 24 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

they were in Fiji’s best interests. In the name of tourism, the dominion had not questioned the policies of Australia and New Zealand. He claimed Fiji’s policy should be based on the rule of reciprocity and should put an end to the “notion that Fiji, even after its independence, is an economic colony of Australia and New Zealand.”

Nationalisation of the banks was another of his suggestions. He wanted State supervision if not control of all “nerve centres of commerce and industry”. Later, Mr. Koya pointed out that his speech did not represent final party policy.

Mr. Koya has other things to worry about, however. Circulating around the floor at the convention was a document written by Mr. A. A.

Awasthi, of Samabula, a former party official and ex-editor of the Federation Party’s newspaper Jagriti. He blamed Mr. Koya and general secretary Mr. K. C. Ramrakha for a complete breakdown in communications between the party’s hierarchy and “commoners” and said party prestige had suffered under their leadership.

He was also critical of Mr. Koya’s “deep romance” with .the party’s political foes.

Little is expected to stem from Mr. Awasthi’s revolt, however.

Atomic boom to tourist boom Two nuclear devices exploded at Mururoa atoll in the Tuamotus in June in the face of protests from Fiji and other countries were described as “perfectly satisfactory” by Vice-Marshal Garden, Air Force Vice-Marshal in charge of the tests.

He said the first test, involving a 10 to 15 kiloton device was intended for warheads on Jaguar and Mirage 111 fighters, and the second, in the half megaton range, was for nuclear submarines. They were part of a total of six to eight tests.

About the time the atomic cloud was mushrooming above the Mururoa lagoon, the United Nations was considering the fate of another island devastated by atomic blasts—Bikini atoll, site of the United States first postwar atomic tests which the US hopes will become a tourist resort. Reporting to the UN on its Trust Territories, the US said the atoll showed promise of a boom over the next few years.

ONLY TWO

Starters In The

Src Stakes

By a staff writer The starters for the South Pacific Commission Stakes got down to two in June when they lined up at the barrier in Canberra. But the handicaps were too heavy for both, and it was a no-race.

The starters were Mr. Fred Betham, a Western Samoan Member of Parliament and a former Minister for Finance, and a Papuan, Gala Oala- Rarua, Assistant Ministerial Member for the PNG Treasury, and both were running in the ballot by the eight member governments of the South Pacific Commission to decide who will become secretary-general. The post has been vacant since February, when Western Samoan Afioga Misimoa died in office.

The governments lodged mail votes after the two men had been interviewed in Canberra by representatives of the powers. Both men impressed the delegates.

Mr. Betham told them that he would have no desire to continue in politics if he were selected—that he had had a good innings. Oala-Rarua, a younger man, said he felt he had a future in PNG in politics but that he would enjoy the new challenge in the meantime.

When the vote was taken it was deadlocked, which is not difficult under the peculiar SPC voting rules.

It is necessary for a successful candidate to have a two-thirds majority, but the member governments have different voting strengths. Australia has five votes, France, NZ and America four each, Britain three, Nauru, Western Samoa and Fiji one each.

Fiji was this time casting its first votes as a full SPC member, as she was admitted to the SPC only in May —its Senior Commissioner being Mr.

Tone Naisara, Fiji’s Minister for Youth, Sport and Rural Development.

Western Samoa had hoped its candidate, Mr. Betham, would be appointed unopposed so as to “finish the term” of Misimoa. But Australia said it had already nominated Gala before it knew that Mr. Betham was being nominated.

The micro-states thought Australia should have withdrawn nomination.

There were also some mutterings over Australia’s five votes, which she holds for herself, Papua, New Guinea, Nauru and Norfolk Island. Norfolk Island has never taken part in the SPC and Nauru is independent (nobody took one vote from Australia following Nauru independence because it was held that three powers, Britain, NZ and Australia, were equally responsible for Nauru).

Even Australian Government thinking now is that Australia should not continue to hold five votes; but she does hold them, and will continue to do so until changes are made in the agreement. This could be discussed soon because Tonga has indicated she doesn’t want to join the SPC while the big powers have extra votes as a veto.

Although the voting details were not disclosed, it’s likely that Mr. Betham received more votes than Oala-Rarua, and that only two or three votes will be needed to give Mr. Betham victory in the second ballot.

In late June it wasn’t certain when that would be held, and at worst the Mr. Fred Betham Oala Oala-Rarua 25 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

deadlock could continue until the SPC session in Noumea in September.

Professor J. W. Davidson, Professor of Pacific History at the Australian National University, who thinks that either Mr. Betham or Oala- Rarua would be equally competent as secretary-general, commented in Canberra about the deadlock, “The microstates and dependent territories of Melanesia and Polynesia have substantial doubts as to whether international conventions will be observed when it is a question of their opinion against those of the metropolitan powers which were the original members of the SPC.

“If Australia fails to break the present deadlock by withdrawing its candidate, they will feel that their suspicions have been confirmed”.

Anger over gazetting of Norfolk Island law Following a visit to Norfolk Island by the Australian Senate Standing Committee on Regulations and Ordinances, Norfolk Islanders held hopes that the unloved Companies Ordinance 1971 might be amended by the Commonwealth Government before being introduced.

But hopes were dashed on June 30 when the Norfolk Island Gazette announced that the ordinance had been promulgated—just in time for the new financial year.

A draft of the Companies Ordinance had earlier been rejected by the Norfolk Island Council and there has been strong opposition to it on many grounds, but particularly because it gives the Commonwealth Government powers to have solicitors reveal confidential company information, and to require companies registered on Norfolk Island to disclose much of their background. The ordinance had been widely interpreted as being an attempt by the Commonwealth Taxation Department to obtain information that will enable it to restrict the island as a tax haven— a view which the Minister for Territories has denied firmly.

There is at present no taxation on Norfolk Island, which is an Australian territory. (For full background details, see June, PIM, pp. 9, 16).

The sudden gazetting of the ordinance on June 30 caused a wave of protest on the island, which is likely to have strong repercussions, particularly as a High Court case is pending to test the extent of Commonwealth authority on Norfolk.

New Hebrides

Athletes Begin

TO SHINE From a Vila correspondent Coconut putting has now ceased in the New Hebrides.

The condominium’s shot-putter hopes for the South Pacific Games in Tahiti in September have now been kitted out with genuine “shot”. The same goes for javelin throwers. They don’t use bamboo any more.

And it’s all thanks to the visit to Vila in August last year of Mr. Jean Poczobut, a French national coach from Paris. Preparation for the Games really started then. He took one look at the scene—no hurdles, no discoi, no javelins, no shot, no stopwatches! There soon were, all bought through the New Hebrides South Pacific Games Council using condominium funds.

During his six-week visit, Mr.

Poczobut encouraged schoolchildren, visited the outer islands for athletic clinics, held regular training sessions in Vila and learned a few words of Pidgin!

He got an inkling of what the condominium’s athletes could do with the first New Hebrides championships which he inspired. Athletes came from Tanna, Malekula and Santo as well as Efate.

Since then training has been going on regularly, apart from a break during the long school holidays coinciding with the hot season. Two VSO’s have been travelling round encouraging athletics in the outer islands. In addition 3,000 metre steeplechasing has been introduced, with much hilarity but with reasonable prospects.

Qualifying standards for the Games have been set in all events and are in two categories—‘A’ for certain selection and ‘B’ for possible selection.

The highlight of recent preparations was a visit from a New Caledonia team in May. Out of 17 track events, nine were won by New Caledonia and eight by the New Hebrides; in the field events the New Caledonians won eight out of 12. Charles Godden, with effortless superiority, ran a superb 100 metres in 10.5s (he was second at Port Moresby) and his 200 metres in 21.7s set a new allcomers record. David Naupa, although coming second in both the 400 (to Lacabanne) and 800 (to Julien) ran the fastest times ever recorded by a New Hebridean, which shows he is not far from the top; 400 metres in 49.7 s and 800 metres in 2m 0.95.

In the longest races Mathias Tabi ran a fine 1,500 metres in 4m 19.75, a full 6s faster than he has ever done before, to come second only three metres behind Michel Guepy of New Caledonia. Supasong, running only for the second time in this event, won the 3,000 metres steeplechase in 11m 14.95, well in front of Gerald Cortot. New Caledonia won the 5,000 metres, while a scratch New Hebrides 4 x 100 relay team won in 43.25.

In the javelin, Talper Nial of the New Hebrides won with a beautiful throw of 57.2 metres, more than two metres in front of New Caledonia’s Verges. Jonas of the New Hebrides did well in the long jump and triple jump, coming second in both with jumps of 6.71 metres and 13.58 metres respectively. Sacilotto of New Caledonia stunned the crowd with a pole vault of 4.10 metres, never before seen in Vila.

New Hebridean women wiped the board in the sprints, Lois Hafu winning the 100 metres and 200 metres comfortably but in unspectacular times while Anathiel and Irene came first and second in the 400 metres.

Repest of the New Hebrides only Continued on p. 100 Running in the 5,000 metres steeplechase for the second time only, Supasong clears a hurdle with plenty of room to spare. 26 JULY, 1 9 7 1 - P A C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY

TropicaLities

Confusion For

The Belongers

“It’s a combination of lessons learned in other independent countries —plus a good measure of their mistakes and disasters,” said a disgruntled Fiji Government official in June.

The 14-page muddle of verbiage which comprises Fiji’s new application form for people wanting to reside or work in the dominion prompted a host of less-restrained descriptions from people who’ve attained “belonger” status in Fiji. A “belonger” is a non-citizen entitled to enter or reside because of long number of years in Fiji or because of special circumstances.

They have until October 10, 1972, to make up their minds on whether they’ll take Fiji citizenship.

There was confusion as to whether or not belongers needed work permits.

The head of Immigration, Mr. Dudley Saint, who had the unenviable job of trying to explain some of the ambiguities of the application form to people bombarding him with questions, was reduced to saying that belongers needed work permits today, but he couldn’t predict whether they would need them tomorrow!

Heads of companies found themselves in the position of having to advertise their own jobs, state why no Fiji citizen was capable of filling the job and to name the local person being trained to take over!

“Some of the questions almost amount to an invasion of privacy,” protested one belonger, who after 18 years found he had to apply for a work permit. “It’s the biggest botchup of red tape ever seen.”

Among other things, the application form demands that people over 21 (except wives of Fiji citizens) should attach a certificate from the police in countries where the applicant has resided for the previous five years.

This certificate is to confirm that he has not been convicted of a serious criminal offence or of an offence involving drugs or immorality in that period.

A woman seeking to reside in Fiji with her husband must fill out a special section. Those whose husbands are Fiji citizens must also fill it in.

Another section, for husbands wishing to join their wives in Fiji, notes that “a husband cannot be guaranteed entry on the basis of his wife’s status in Fiji and special grounds must exist for entry to be considered.”

People wishing to undertake research studies in Fiji must give details of their onward tickets.

Employers requiring work permits for qualified overseas people—bank clerks, journalists, accountants, lawyers— must explain what action is proposed to train a Fiji citizen to fill the position; the name of the person to be trained and the date by which the employer expects to localise the post.

The confusion about the interpretation of the application was still so great in late June that the Prime Minister, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, thought it better to explain the whole thing. He did and calmed the fears of the “belongers”, telling them that until October 10, 1972, any belonger and family of children under 21 would remain exempt from the Act and would not require work permits.

Short-term permits would be valid until the same date, unless cancelled or expired earlier, but linked only with the same employer as on June 1, 1971.

Computing Pacific populations On this matter of confusion, the piece about the Fijian birth-rate in June PIM (p. 24) apparently told only part of the interesting story— interesting because the figures are so different to those which came out of the Registrar-General’s Department in the previous 20 years.

These figures now come from the statistician’s office, and that might be the difference.

European birth-rate in Fiji has usually been under 20 per 1,000 —in the last census year, 1966, it was as low as 13.99 per 1,000 —but in 1970 it shot up to 33.09 per 1,000, second only to the Rotumans in the production stakes.

The birth-rate of Fijians, on the other hand, which has for years been in the 32-36 per 1,000 bracket, dropped to an all-time low of 28.95, beating the Indians at family restriction although the reverse has been the case in the last half-dozen years.

The people who had fewer babies than anyone else were “other Pacific Islanders” (excluding Rotumans), who had only 21.30 per 1,000.

The death-rate figures for 1970 are also interesting. The Europeans had the highest rate of any racial group—s. 69 per 1,000 —although for years their rate has been lowest and usually between three and four per 1,000. Here again the “other Pacific Islanders” won hands down with a rate per thousand of only 1.64.

Fijians also hit an all-time low with only 4.24 deaths per 1,000 of population.

The conclusions to be drawn from these figures are that, in 1970, while some sections of the European population were dying off like flies, other sections were having babies like mad.

Explanation of the Fiji statistician’s office about the European situation is that, as most Europeans send their children away to school, the European population seems smaller than it really is and the death and birth rates therefore turn out higher.

As the European community has always sent children abroad to school —-as much in the past as currently— this doesn’t seem to be the reason why European deaths and births have suddenly increased.

A more likely explanation seems to be that criteria now being used in calculations are different to those

Las Vegas Ahoy?

Coconut radio signals picked up by PIM in June told of the progress up the east coast of Australia from Sydney of a large yacht, well-known in Australian yachting circles and with some South Pacific cruising on its log.

The yacht has an all-girl crew and is headed either for Weipa, the bauxite development on Australia’s north coast, or Keita, Bougainville—an area, like Weipa, populated by thousands of male workers.

The yacht has two poker machines aboard, and machines-plus-girls are hpped by the promoters to be a winning combination. The sea-going casino would, of course, ply its trade while moored outside territorial limits. 27 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

used in the days when population figures were issued from the Registrar-General’s office.

Except for Papua New Guinea where there has been a government Bureau of Statistics for many years, statisticians are pretty new in the Pacific. Fiji has had one only four or five years and those in Western Samoa, New Hebrides and Solomons are almost brand-new. Two of them —PNG’s Mr. H. M. Barton, the doyen of them all, and Mr. B. C.

Hanslow, of the New Hebrides—can wear the same club tie. Both came from the Commonwealth Statistician’s Department. But all seem to keep in touch, have the same interests—and the same problems.

For example, all over the Pacific these days inquirers are getting the same sort of reply. “Terribly sorry those figures are late this year. We are now using computers.”

Canton's new population settles in The US Government is spending Si.B million on its Air Force and Missile Test Centre on Canton Island and job-hungry American Samoa is making the most of it. Canton is the most northerly island of the Phoenix Group. It is an atoll enclosing a pear-shaped lagoon about nine miles long.

One hundred and seven American Samoans are working under contract on the isolated island and have drawn praise from officials of the Air Force and Kentron Hawaii, which is the prime contractor on the job.

Governor John M, Haydon and a few members of his staff visited Canton recently and stayed overnight to see how the local workers are faring.

“Kentron and the Air Force are doing a great deal for our people,” the governor said. “Their food is good and the quarters are adequate but it’s still lonely, rough duty and I was pleased to find that so many of them have adjusted.” Morale, he said, was high, chiefly because they made the effort to entertain themselves.

The Samoan workers were recruited in Samoa by Kentron for jobs ranging from construction to housekeeping. Even police and firemen were hired to perform their regular jobs.

The workers are paid under the American wage scales and much of the money is being sent home to their families.

There is a weekly flight from Pago Pago carrying mail and supplies.

Radio Station WVUV has provided the Canton workers with tapes made by Samoan singing groups and copies of the American Samoan News Bulletin to keep the men posted on events at home.

Dr. Stan Swerdloff, director of the Office of Marine Resources, scheduled a trip to Canton in June to work out recreational fishing and diving programmes for the workers. The governor has asked him to attempt to develop a small shark fishery so that the men could earn extra money in their spare time. They would catch the sharks for their fins which would be handled through a Pago Pago broker and which would find a ready market in Hong Kong.

The Office of Samoan Affairs is assembling the parts for a small Samoan fale which the Air Force has offered to take to Canton for the workers. “The matai system is working on Canton and the men need a place to meet and discuss their community affairs,” said Governor Haydon.

While on Canton the governor paid brief visits to nearby Hull and Birnie islands and found them even more desolate. “Compared to them, Canton is a very active place,” he said.

On Hull, the party saw the wreck of an Oriental fishing sampan which went on a reef there several years ago, the crew spending several weeks on the island before being rescued.

Fiji Fourth Estate's uplift club Formed a few months ago to “encourage high standards of reporting and professional competence”, the Fiji Press Club has begun by taking itself admirably seriously.

The Press Club—with a surprising potential full membership of 64, although not all have bothered to pay up yet—aims to Get Things Done to make reporting easier and therefore more accurate in the dominion. First task was to write to the Speaker of the House of Representatives on the unsatisfactory standard of Press facilities in Parliament.

A seminar in May on Reporting in a Multi-Racial Society, a question that needs some thinking about in a country where there’s much sensitivity about the subject, considered guidelines laid down by a Press Foundation of Asia seminar in Kuala Lumpur last year for coverage of “sensitive” issues, particularly in times of racial tension.

These included suggestions that news media avoid identifying people by race wherever possible and avoid generalising about communal incidents.

The editor of the Fijian-language weekly Nai Lalakai, Ratu Luke Vuidreketi, highlighted a problem that is particularly worrisome in Fiji. Translations of news reports from one major language to another, he said, sometimes introduced the danger of misinterpretation. Inadequate translations were one of the major difficulties facing the vernacular media.

Some official translations of news releases were little more than “wordby-word” translations, paying no regard to the proper grammatical construction.

Another frequently heard complaint was that “official news” was couched in language of too high a standard for the average reader or broadcast listener to understand.

The Press Club has just acquired a patron—film actor Raymond Burr, who stated in the past his intention of starting up a newspaper in Fiji.

Enough for a second mutiny Pitcairners, who usually make a good thing out of philately, are stamping their feet with annoyance. They received only 1,000 of the special stamps commemorating the visit to the island on February 22 of the Duke of Edinburgh. The rest, 40,400, were sold by the printers in London unknown to the islanders.

In fact, the issue has been a mixedup, disappointing thing all round, the islanders think.

In the first place, they thought they were on a good thing which would lick anything in the stamp world. The Royal yacht Britannia even brought them to Pitcairn along with the Duke and the Pitcairners were assured, or believed, that not only did they bear the stamp of royal patronage, but that the issue was limited to 1,000 and they’d got the lot (PIM, May, p. 36).

All were sold, 300 going to three regular large stamp dealer customers —on the recommendation of the Administration—and only 800 were cancelled as First Day Covers.

That made them a rarity and the islanders sat back and waited for a kind of philatelic Poseidon to develop.

Then, to their consternation, thousands of envelopes bearing the stamp began to arrive at the island from stamp dealers all over the place, with requests for franking.

To the Pitcairners, the situation hinged on the fraudulent—only 1,000 stamps issued, one of an existing issue overprinted for the occasion and yet, like a flock of seagulls, thousands more were coming to the island.

Said puzzled Tom Christian, Pitcairn’s radio operator: “We can’t figure it out at all, and are most

anxious that London tells us what is going on right away.

“The value of this supposedly rare stamp is at stake, and we are eager to find out what has happened”.

Well, they’ve found out what happened and they’re feeling really perforated. They asked London what was going on and London told them about that grand total of 40,400. There was certainly nothing fraudulent about it.

“Local stamp dealers were very disappointed to hear this news as it means that for the first time in more than 20 years they will be unable to fulfil standing orders for their regular customers”, says the Pitcairn Miscellany.

It’s enough to make all 87 of them (plus or minus) support the Committee of 24’s pipe-dream of an independent Pitcairn which would issue its own stamps.

Magic makes the sunshine It rained all over the New Hebrides on the Queen’s Birthday, June 11, except on Tanna where the people had sunshine nearly all day until nightfall. Elsewhere, the processioners, the athletes and the dancers were soaked.

The Tanna people credited their local magician with weathercontrolling powers and thought he should have been in the Honours List as well as getting his traditional reward of a bullock’s head. In the Santo procession there were seven decorated floats, the prize for the best going to the South Pacific Fishing Company.

Mr. and Mrs. Ratard, who won the cup for the most amusing float, rewrote the Book of Genesis. Their juvenile Adam, who sat with a juvenile Eve on a coral island atop a car, refused Eve’s offer of the forbidden fruit—a papaw.

New Nauru man an international lawyer Nauru’s new Chief Secretary, Barry Connell, 43, is a former schoolmaster and public servant, and at present he is a university academic, but he doesn’t give the appearance of being any of these.

Tall (6 ft 3 in.), smiling, outgoing, he seems more like a businessman, and you would probably say he was on the marketing side. He has packed a lot of varied experience into his working life.

After graduating from Melbourne University with an Arts degree and a Diploma of Education, he became senior history master at Geelong Grammar, remaining there from 1951-57.

He then returned to university, tutoring in politics and international relations, at the same time graduating with his LL.B. He went to the Victorian Bar, practising for two years.

In 1963, Mr. Connell was with the Attorney-General’s Department in Canberra where he specialised in constitutional and international law.

He remained in Canberra until 1966 when he joined Monash University, Melbourne, where he is currently subdean of the Faculty of Law and senior lecturer in international law.

At the end of 1968 he was given leave by the university to take up a 15 months UN appointment as international legal adviser to the Kingdom of Lesotho (formerly Basutoland), Southern Africa.

Mr. Connell’s wife, Carmel, and the youngest of their four children, Jacqueline, 8, will go with him to Nauru when he takes up the Chief Secretary’s appointment in September.

As to what prompted him to apply for the position of chief secretary (vacant since Nauru’s first appointee, Q.V.L. Weston took up his position as the republic’s representative in London in November, 1969) Mr.

Connell says he has always been interested in the Pacific and its problems.

In particular I am fascinated by Nauru’s situation,” he says. “I first looked at it with the eye of an international lawyer. Here is such a small state yet it has international relationships far and wide through phosphate.

It’s valuable experience for an international lawyer.”

Mr. Connell plays golf, tennis and squash, and he and his wife are interested in the theatre and ballet.

His wife’s “hobby”, he says, is a property in the Riverina district growing wool, fat lambs, cattle and rice.

“She uses Nauruan phosphate,” he grins.

The not so Friendly Islanders A fight in Nukualofa’s government-owned Dateline Hotel with glasses thrown and drunken patrons locked out got a mention in the King’s Speech from the Throne when King Taufa’ahau opened the 71st session of the Legislative Assembly in June.

Expressing concern at the behaviour of “locals” at the hotel. King Taufa’ahau said parents should see that their children did not behave badly at hotels, giving tourists a bad impression. The King had probably read a “visitor’s” letter in the Tonga Chronicle complaining at the “decline of standards” and the presence of prostitutes who made “no effort to disguise their intent” and “drunken, half-dressed members of visiting ships”. Reaction of the hotel manager was to refuse admission to anyone “not correctly dressed”.

Hardly ever —and maybe never before—has a private citizen been honoured by being featured on a stamp during lifetime. But that will happen to the famous Aggie Grey (and her hotel) on August 9, release date for a set of four new stamps issued by the Western Samoa Government as a tourist promotion. The 10c stamp (pictured) shows Aggie in typical smiling mood with her hotel in the background—publicity worth thousands. Aggie, of course, is supposed to be the model for Michener’s “Bloody Mary”, which she always denies strenuously. So does Michener. As he told her once, “You were the model only for the good parts”. The other three stamps are the 5c, which depicts Samoan dancing; the 7c, showing a game of cricket, Samoanstyle, on the village green and the Bc, the Hideway Hotel, a new tourist resort on the north coast of Upolu. 29 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

New Caledonia Diary WITH

Helen Rousseau

IN NOUMEA As New Caledonia’s main industry, the nickel expansion programme, fell into deeper difficulties in June, a sudden injection of new life was given to the island’s second, almost extinct industry, tourism.

The suspense which had accumulated over the delay in launching Cofimpac nickel project sent a Territorial Assembly mission pleading to Paris throughout the month of June. Urging the despatch of the mission, Caledonian deputy for the French National Assembly, Melanesian Rock Pidjot, told the Noumea Assembly: “No one will deny that there currently exists among the population a real malaise, which is due to the delay, if not the uncertainty over the installation of this company (Cofimpac) or others concerned with the development of the nickel industry in New Caledonia”.

The installation of a second nickel company on the island, apart from the present monopolist Societe Le Nickel, was promised by General Pierre Billotte, then Minister for Territories, when he came to open the South Pacific Games in Noumea, December, 1966.

It is now a long time since those Games, and still the “second company” (including Canadian Inco) hasn’t been able to get off the ground, since the composition of the French shareholding has not been settled.

While the Caledonian politicians pleaded in Paris, the French Government had been pleading in Tokyo, trying to arrange Japanese finance for the new smelter the Societe Le Nickel (SLN) wants to build at Poum. The Japanese seem in no hurry to help the Poum project along and to make matters wprse, Tokyo had indicated it would be buying less nickel ore from New Caledonia this year, needing only 3.5 million tons. This followed Governor Louis Verger’s promise to the Caledonian mine operators that Paris is prepared to raise last year’s export quota (4.3 million tons) by 400,000 tons.

As a result of the recent Tokyo talks, it seems the Japanese are prepared not to cut their purchases from the island. Meanwhile, for the first five months of this year, 1,728,152 tons of ore at 2.45 per cent, nickel has been shipped out to Japan, a slight increase over the same period of 1970.

Ferro-nickel exported by the SLN during the same five months of this year totalled 15,515 tons, which is approximately 50 per cent, more than for the corresponding period of last year. The export of nickel matte rose slightly to 6,742 tons.

A breathing space in the rush towards realising the promised new nickel projects gave Caledonians a chance to reflect upon a longneglected second industry for the island, tourism.

The recent completion of extensions at the SLN smelters in Noumea and the declining interest in other nickel projects led to an exodus of some of the businessmen occupying over 50 per cent, of Noumea’s hotels. In addition, the 45-room Mocambo is now open at the Baie des Citrons, which means the capital now has more space for visitors. One hotel problem being the availability of suitable staff, the Mocambo has hired six Fijian girls and two men, the latter in the bar.

Major development in the tourist industry, however, has been the arrival of the first bulldozers on the site to prepare for the 250room extensions at the Chateau Royal. Once the waterfront land is cleared, at Anse Vata beach, the actual construction work is expected to begin about September.

The new wing should then be open by the end of 1973, thus bringing Chateau Royal accommodation to 330 rooms.

The beginning of this project coincides with a Paris announcement from the Department of Overseas Territories, permitting interesting incentive payments of up to 10 per cent, for approved investment in the tourist industry, provided the investment exceeds SUS 145,000 and is begun before the end of 1973. For those interested, there are further details of this bonus at the New Caledonian Office du Tourisme.

Director of the Tourist Office, Mr. Bruno Tabuteau, was among 30 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

delegates to the conference of the Melanesian Tourist Federation, early June, in Vila, New Hebrides.

Chairman of the Federation is Don Barrett of Papua New Guinea, with Joe Mulders, of Vila, acting as secretary. General aim of the federation is to promote the chain of Melanesian islands from New Caledonia north to Papua New Guinea, travelling via the New Hebrides and Solomons.

Representatives of six international airlines attended the meeting which recommended, among other things, that the four member island groups do not participate in the joint “South Sea Islands” tourist promotion suggested by Fiji last September (at the 10th South Pacific Conference in Suva). The Melanesian travel leaders felt that combining with Polynesian islands from the other side of the Pacific was not really going to help their own individual image and that therefore they would be more effective, on their modest budget, continuing to publicise their four island groups as one separate unit.

A general survey of South Pacific tourist potential and ways of developing it was begun in June by a team of three Americans from the University of Hawaii, sponsored by the UNDP, in co-operation with the SPC. In New Caledonia, the team mentioned that the existence of pollution is a factor which may eventually wipe some places off the tourist map.

It is interesting to note that in Noumea tests made since the installation of extra electric furnaces at the town’s nickel smelters have indicated that red nickel dust colon residents’ window ledges contains no less than 2.4 per cent, nickel. At SUSI 6 per ton, the obnoxious dust may yet have a commercial value for enterprising housewives.

A young Noumea artist, Mrs.

Gemmanick Harbulot, has just shipped out a batch of 129 paintings, which represent over two years’ work and are destined for an exhibition in Tokyo. Many of the oils have been inspired by the years Gemmanick has lived in isolated mining districts.

And another Caledonian export item is to be a locallv-made prefabricated house. This seems strange at a time when the territory is employing hundreds of overseas workers to erect prefabricated houses of steel and wood from as far afield as Canada and France.

But the Caledonian house to go abroad joins the exhibition village of island houses planned for the South Pacific Festival of Arts in Suva next May.

Latest plans for the festival were discussed in Noumea, late in June, by its executive director, Mr. Victor Carell. Mr. Carell was most enthusiastic at his meeting with the recently-formed Caledonian Music Lovers’ Societe, whose musicians he feels should make a significant contribution to the Suva festival.

Other visitors to the territory in June included an Australian parliamentary delegation of 11 members, who were making a threeand-a-half-week tour of seven island groups in the South Pacific.

It’s led by Mr. Charles Barnes, the Minister for Territories.

The parliamentarians received a particularly romantic, candle-lit reception in Noumea: the city, bursting in its hasty development, produced a timely electricity blackout the evening of their first reception, at the residence of the Australian Consul, and the degelation was able to see at first hand that Noumea is expanding fast.

Anew bank opened in the territory in June, the State-controlled Societe Generale. Construction has also finally begun on the island’s second brewery. At the same time, the Noumea Chamber of Commerce is being flooded with letters from workers in France, seeking jobs in the territory: no less than 102 requests were received in the first two months of this year. The Chamber of Commerce has thus recommended that the Overseas Territories Department in Paris should advise would-be-immigrants more realistically about the problems of accommodation and high living costs in the territory, before whole families land on the island without firm work contracts and lodgings.

If last month saw the great world powers battling to guard their secrets of space exploration and defence strategy in Vietnam, Noumea also had its secrets to cherish, such as the choice of a new secretary-general and anew three-year plan for the South Pacific Commission.

Certain people at the SPC, where the staff morale is currently at its lowest ebb, seem so keen to have secrets and hide their activities in oblivion that some observers are wondering, out aloud, if there isn’t some sinister plot to let the commission sink to a watery grave in the lagoon by the time of its 25th anniversary next February.

Some islanders, however, have a rather keen grasp of the situation and if they can get control of the rudder, they will succeed in keeping the commission afloat by steering it away from the reef and into more rewarding waters.

Meanwhile, for those who are fascinated by South Seas mysteries, we can report that the SPC planning meeting in June followed habitual trends.

France, after making sure that French-speaking delegates were represented in the essential committees, is reported to have promptly walked out of one of them. This harmless little game, however, is but a part of what is fondly known as maintaining “la presence francaise” in the Pacific.

At the same time, it is apparently becoming increasingly difficult to find the right kind of locally-born people in New Caledonia and French Polynesia to represent these two territories, so they were again represented at the SPC by metropolitan French public servants.

The meeting had some fortunate results, however. Against an impressive background row of UN observers. Islanders sat down to discuss some hundred proposals for conferences and training programmes to be conducted over the next three years. Some international observers were dismayed at the complete absence of any properly-defined policy to guide Islanders in their decision on what the SPC should be doing to help develop the region.

A committee was thus appointed to draw up what became a very valuable series of pointers in setting a course for SPC activity and island development generally. This paper was to be circulated subsequently around the Islands.

Finally, the Islanders made their major decision in urging the SPC to form an Economic Intelligence Unit. This is intended to supply the kind of information that would best help the Islands promote their industries and overseas trade. 31 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

Footnotes VI/’HEN I first came to Papua there was a lot ** of talk among the egg-heads about the “clash of cultures”. What was usually meant was the disruptive and sometimes destroying impact of the intrusive western culture on the indigenous one. And it was widely premised by the anthropologists that the inevitable result of the impact would be the decline and extinction of the tribes which suffered it.

Whether their desire to preserve the tribes as museum pieces was prompted by genuine compassion or by a desire to have something to study is a matter on which I will not express an opinion.

Then came a time when we began to talk about the “blending of cultures”. We envisaged a new culture arising in Papua which would unite the best in our western way of life with the best from the old-time Papuan way.

And now voices are being raised telling us that this was just a pipe dream; that the cultures won’t blend; that Papuans and New Guineans can’t have the best of both worlds; and that, in the field of economic development at any rate, they must face up, as the price of progress, to tossing out the old and installing the new in its place.

I find two areas of irony in these developments.

First, the very iconoclasm for which the early missionaries have been so bitterly denigrated in the field of religion is now the up-to-the-minute gospel in the field of economics.

Second, while those of us who advocated culture-blending during the decades immediately preceding and following the 1939-45 war found our seed falling on stony ground, with most young Papuans only too eager to toss over the ways of their fathers and become brown Australians, now there is among a new generation a rising appreciation of the good features of the old ways and a desire to incorporate them in a new Papua and New Guinea way of life. And the economists choose this moment to tell us that it can’t be done.

A research hound told the recent Waigani Seminar at the University of Papua and New Guinea that he had discovered that many trade store owner/operators in Papua New Guinea were concerned with building up prestige rather than profits. Most participants in the seminar (the expatriate ones, at any rate) seemed to re-

Is Scrooge To

Be Model Png

BUSINESSMAN? gard this attitude as very reprehensible and as an ill to be cured. Some of them were ready with remedies for curing it.

However, I got the impression that not all of the indigenous participants were prepared to accept this view unquestioningly, but were inclined to ask themselves, “If this is the price of progress, is it worth it?” It seems clear from the opposition to the Administration’s voluminous and arduously prepared new land legislation that some, at any rate, are prepared to answer “No”.

As paper followed paper at the seminar I fell to wondering what would happen if the seminar had appointed a sub-committee to reassess the works of Charles Dickens. Clearly the genial squire of Dingley Dell would get short shrift. The fellow was blatantly squandering the produce of his estates to build up his social prestige through lavish entertainment. The sub-committee’s favourite character would no doubt have been that nambawan man bilong bisnis, Ebenezer Scrooge.

Since the seminar ended I have been toying with the idea of writing a pepped-up version of A Christmas Carol and offering it to the Department of Business Development for publication, perhaps as a text book for high schools.

It would have to be pretty extensively rewritten, of course. The ghosts could be retained, and could be used to give advice to Scrooge on how to effect further reductions in his overheads.

But all that nonsense about rushing round to Bob Cratchit’s place on Christmas morning with outsize turkeys would clearly have to go. Apart from its extravagance, it was plainly an attempt to placate the spirits and might easily have started a cargo cult.

However, as a concession to sentiment and an artistic way of rounding the story off, the last chapter might describe the initiation of Fellow Ebenezer into Rotary.

Are the tough liners right? Must kinship ties be broken, kinship obligations be repudiated and 32 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

an era of uninhibited individualism be ushered in before Papua New Guinea can, in the phrase beloved by our Highlanders, go ahead.

Must more and more land get into fewer and fewer hands? Must a growing army of landless flock to the towns seeking jobs and finding none?

Must a new breed of officials—adjudication officers, recording angels and what-have-you— batten on the public purse before land as yet uncultivated can be brought into production?

Or would it perhaps be better if the money were spent in providing better transport and marketing facilities for existing producers frustrated by the inadequacy of those at present available, and for other land-owners who might thereby be encouraged to develop their land?

In a paper read to the Papua and New Guinea Society a couple of years ago I described life in Hanuabada, the large Motu village on the shores of Port Moresby harbour, during the 1930 s as an “interlude between two worlds”—the world of subsistence economy and the world of cash economy, an interlude in which the people there lived in a basically subsistence economy with money as an optional extra.

“They had,” I wrote, “abandoned the worst of their own bad habits and had not yet adopted the worst of ours”. I went on, “It was perhaps a rather simple-minded, but essentially happy, interlude. It was doomed to end.”

In the case of the Hanuabadans it ended abruptly with their evacuation from the village when Port Moresby became a military area in February, 1942. When they returned in 1946 it was to re-establish themselves in an almost completely cash economy. In their situation, close to Papua New Guinea’s largest town, they had no choice. The change would have come anyway, though without the intervention of war it would have come more gradually. But what of the rest of Papua New Guinea?

Today, scattered through the length and breadth of the land, there are many communities which are still living in the interlude between two worlds. My advice to them is: Stay that way as long as you can; you’ll never be as happy again.

Indeed, need it be just an interlude?

Is there any reason why many Papuan and New Guinean communities far removed from the pressures of the urban centres should not stabilise themselves in an economy in which subsistence gardening, hunting and fishing provide the necessities of life while cash provides the optional extras.

They may have to do so, anyway. If they all take to cash cropping they could foul up the market. Better to grow sweet potatoes you can eat than coffee you can’t sell.

And by the way, what’s wrong with them running trade stores for prestige rather than for profit if that’s the way they like it? Hands off Dingley Dell.

A new set of posters has been designed for this year's Papua New Guinea National Day, September 13. They are in English, Motu and Pidgin, and the emblem of the linked figures is the same as used last year, except that every alternate one now wears a mini-skirt.

And the exhortation UNITE replaces the words, WE ARE ONE PEOPLE, that statement of un-fact which attracted criticism of last year's poster. 33 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

Micronesia prepares for its most important conference From F. T. ULUDONG, in Honolulu The Micronesians and their American administrators, are now gearing up for the third, and perhaps the most decisive, round of negotiations on the future political status of Micronesia.

The coming negotiations [probably to be held in August in one of Hawaii’s Neighbour Islands! may also prove to be the last efforts by the Micronesians to settle the issue through conventional diplomacy.

Many Micronesian leaders feel that they have genuinely attempted to accommodate the American interests in their islands, only to be rebuffed at the negotiation table. Any more rebuffs by the US could spell an end to any future negotiations, and the possibility of unilateral declaration of independence is assuming more meaning.

Declared one of the Micronesian leaders, Sen. Petrus Tun, from the culture-conscious Yap district, who advocated continued negotiations with the United States after both America and Micronesia reached a deadlock during the May, 1970, negotiations in Saipan; “If in the end the worst comes to the worst, we must then go for independence ... It is then and only then that I may go so far as to say, ‘Give me death or absolute freedom’.”

What is happening in Micronesia is a hardening of political attitudes against the United States on the part of Micronesian leaders and the American-educated elite, and a realisation that the United States, contrary to its preachings about democracy, will never allow the Micronesians to exercise their right to self-determination if such an exercise is deemed as a danger to the American interests, real and psychological.

And while anti-Americanism is still publicly absent in Micronesia, America is now being portrayed by some young Micronesians, especially students, as a racist and imperialistic country whose only interests in Micronesia are her own selfish interests.

“Micronesia Belongs to the Micronesians” and “Brown is Beautiful” are fast becoming the expressions of the sentiment. And it may not be long before this sentiment turns into anti- Americanism, peaceful or otherwise.

The cause of this changing mood is not limited only to the desire for more self-government or independence for the islands. There is also a deepseated conviction among many Micronesians that the United States has betrayed its ideals in Micronesia, and has instead chosen, in the words of Sen. Lazarus Salii, to make Micronesia “the newest, the smallest and the remotest minority within the United States political family”.

The more outspoken Micronesian leaders charge that the United States is, deliberately and without the consent of the people of Micronesia, making Micronesia a small replica of all that is America, thereby raising expectations unattainable in island communities.

The charge, which self-righteous Americans would readily dismiss as untrue, is not without historical and concrete justifications. The Micronesians have only to point to the Solomon Mission which went to Micronesia during the last year of Kennedy’s administration and proposed a plan to bring about Micronesia’s annexation by Americanising the Micronesians to the point that, out of necessity, they would choose to be part of the United States in a preplanned plebiscite in 1968.

To show that the plan has not been a complete failure, they contend that the Marianas’ desire to be American is a direct result of the vigorous implementation of the Solomon plan in that district.

Apart from the Micronesians in the Marianas, who are by no means blind lovers of America (they want Japanese businessmen to develop Marianas’ potential for tourism), the rest of Micronesia, as far as can be determined, wants as much loose association as possible with the United States as the Congress of Micronesia asked for in proposing free association last year.

But, as stated, the mood is changing in such a direction that the United States, whose psychological and military interests in Micronesia would have been assured had it not rejected the free association offer last year, may find the Micronesians demanding more in the coming negotiations.

Some Micronesians even feel that Micronesia should not negotiate its right to self-determination, and, instead, should notify the United Nations and the United States of the year it wants to be independent an begin now working for it.

The Independence Coalition trie to do just that during last month’ session of the Congress of Micrc nesia, but discovering that it lacke the vote to carry it through, droppe its plan. Its spokesman, howevei promised to press for it during neJ January’s session.

Students here and in Guam, wh have organised chapters of the Micro nesian Independence Advocates, hav also demanded that the negotiatior be abandoned. The Young Micrc nesian, a monthly magazine publishe by local Micronesian students, in recent editorial entitled, “Indepei dence: The Only Remaining Course’ had this to say about the free assoc ation proposal and any future negot ations: “When some of our leaders in yeai past dreamed of free association wit the United States, they sincerely hope that it would readily see the righteoui ness of their position and accept th arrangement. Their hope was at be; a naive one and at worst wishfi thinking. There is, however, som consolation in their try. We now kno 1 the futility of negotiating wit America . . . Any giving-in on the: part would gradually have led to th Francisco Uludong is a young Micronesia student currently majoring in journalism f[?] his BA at the University of Hawaii. [?] June he set off for a tour of the Sout[?] Pacific to gather material for his fina[?] studies. Uludong is one of the leader[?] of the Micronesian students in Hawaii wh[?] have been actively engaged in politic[?] and has been editing "The Young Micr[?] nesian", a radical students' newspaper. 34 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Tahiti: sMan4 o/f iWe

Robert Langdon

Tahitians attacking the “Dolphin” in Matavai Bay, Tahiti.

The only book telling the vivid history of Tahiti from its discovery by Europeans to the present day.

Critics' Praise

The author writes in a pleasantly relaxed style . . . and has captured the essence and feel of the island. —Times Literary Supplement.

Vivid and often politically complex history . . . expertly documented.—George Farwell, The Advertiser, Adelaide.

PRICE; SOFT COVER; Australia and P.-N.G., $1.95 Aust., plus 25c posted; Pacific Islands and overseas countries, $1.95 Aust., plus 33c posted; U.S.A. $2.75 U.S. posted.

Order from the publisher, or direct from Islands or Australian booksellers. # Pacific Publications (Australia) Pty. Ltd. 29 Alberta Street, Sydney, 2000. (Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, N.S.W 2001). extinction of our cultures and traditions”.

Nevertheless, the Congress of Micronesia, in agreeing to further negotiations, is now playing all the cards that Micronesia presumably has in its hands. The UN Decolonisation Committee has been invited to visit Micronesia and a delegation headed by Sen. Lazarus Salii personally appeared before its members and asked them to visit Micronesia if the negotiations “failed”.

Another delegation has also gone to Japan to consult with the Japanese Government and business leaders for assistance in the future.

Although the appointment by President Nixon of Mr. F. Hayden Williams, president of Asia Foundation, with ambassador rank, as head of the American delegation to the political status talks, is widely interpreted as a sign of Nixon’s personal interest in the talks, many Micronesian leaders see the appointment as Nixon’s way of putting more emphasis on US military interests.

Williams was a former deputy assistant Secretary of Defence during the Eisenhower Administration and his foundation has been used by the Defence Department and the CIA as a front for many of their activities in South-East Asia and in Micronesia.

Saipan was used in the 50s by the CIA for training Nationalist Chinese counter-insurgency forces.

What appears to have begun is what the Micronesian Future Political Status Commission, forerunner of the Status Delegation, correctly foresaw when it first proposed free association in April, 1969: “But if these negotiations should fail, if it should not be possible to achieve the alternative we recommend, then we have only one remaining course . . . That alternative is independence”.

Prom a Saipan correspondent The UN Trusteeship Council concluded on June 17 that “it would be desirable for the people of Micronesia to determine their future status sooner than later”. It also said it hoped that separation of the Marianas wolud be considered only when “all other possibilities had been exhausted”, US Ambassador W. Tapley Bennett had earlier told the council that the US was “not seeking to make Micronesia a military and strategic appendage of the US, nor are we attempting to impose any particular solution on the Micronesian people”.

The US was working with the Micronesian status committee “to achieve a mutually agreed status of selfgovernment in association with the United States—which is the Micronesian stated preference”. 35 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

From the Islands Press Item from BSIP News Sheet: An old Ulawa custom of killing trees by shouting has just been revived and its success has caused much surprise among young people of the area. News of this custom, possibly the only one of its kind, has been received from Mr. Edward Lioha, of Ahia village, Ulawa, and his story has been verified by some Ulawa islanders in Honiara . According to Mr. Lioha, the custom is used if a group of people want to get rid of a tree for a special reason, such as to clear an area for a garden, if the tree is too big and hard to chop down. Every morning for about a month an old man or woman goes quietly to the tree and then utters a piercing yell. After some time it loses its leaves and branches and dies, due, it is believed, to the succession of shocks it has received while asleep.

Letter in GEIC 'lnformation Notes', Tarawa: We appear to be joining the large international club of polluters of the ocean, the filth that daily flows out with the tide from Betio harbour being our membership card. Several years ago Betio Harbour was blue and sparkling and safe to swim in but it is now a turbid soup. The biggest polluters are ships that clean out their fuel tanks in the harbour. ... I presume if a ship bunkering station is set up at Butaritari we will see that beautiful lagoon covered in a filthy brown oil slick if there is no legislation to prevent dumping of dirty fuel oil in the lagoon or in the ocean near the island. ... It is interesting to note that the ocean is having her revenge on polluters of her waters. She is now producing fish with ulcerations, benign tumours, malformed bodies and fin and lip cancers.

An advertisement from The Fijian Hotel in 'The Fiji Times' asking taxi drivers to confirm bookings from hotel visitors: We would draw taxi drivers’ attention to the misunderstandings that may occur due to language problems, names and the spelling of same.

Head nodding and arm waving may not necessarily indicate willingness by a guest. Tourists coming to Fiji are to all intent and purposes in a foreign country. They need the same patience and understanding that you yourselves would expect if visiting their particular territories.

Extract from a letter from W. T. McCoy in The Norfolk Islander': This writer believes the time is over-ripe, and now decaying, to raise concerted voices from the resident public of Norfolk Island in efforts to amend the present form and system of administration. If you doubt we are still saddled with the retrograde step take a look or cast in your mind the present number of highly-paid officials ensconced in the offices of administration. You will then realise that, in addition, the public is also bridled with heartbreaking expenses to keep the wheels of administration turning. Even this could be overlooked if this costly business could only show something of value to Norfolk Island, This naturally leads to the question—are all these highly-paid officials necessary?

Letter in 'Our News' published by the PNG Department of Information: I would like to know why Papuan and New Guinean girls never show their manners? Here in Madang there are too many girls that have no manners at all. For instance, Tusbab High School girls, whenever I say ‘Good morning’, they never say ‘Good morning’, but put their noses in the air. Now how can we leam to live in unity, brother and sister, in our country.

News item in the 'Micronitor' in US Trust Territory: Construction of a Lagoon Side Bar to complement the already completed and occupied 12-room facility of the growing Eastern Gateway Hotel complex is progressing smoothly. When complete, the bar will cater to guests in an atmosphere of tall drinks and quiet conversation. This will be the first bar of such a nature in Majuro where the usual bill of fare is shameless music and ragtime women in loud profusion.

News item in 'American Samoa News Bulletin': A spokesman for the Department of Agriculture said toda reports that from 70 to 200 head of cattle, descendants of a herd brought to American Samoa by the Navy more than 20 years ago, are roaming the northwestern mountainside of Tutuila are grossly exaggerated. Glenn Anderson, a former Californian dairy rancher and now the department's authority on the subject, said men who participated in a round-up Saturday spotted only a few head —which promptly high-tailed it into the heavily-wooded area. He said they were all old cows and could hardly form the nucleus of a cattle industry which the department plans to develop on the Manu'a island of Tau.

Extract from article by J. R. McCreary, Associate Profesor of Sociology, Victoria University, in the 'NZ Listener 7 : It is easy to poke fun at some of the material which has found its way into Pacific classrooms. There was the small Melanesian boy, living on an outer island, battling with the sum, “One train travels 200 miles, another train travels 420 miles. How far do the two trains travel together?” . . . There was also the schoolroom, with the jungles of Melanesia bordering the playground, where a frieze surrounded the wall entitled “The Seasons” showed lambs gambolling in spring, leaves falling in autumn and snowmen dotting a bleak landscape in winter. . . .

But is the School Certificate syllabus or that for the Cambridge Overseas School Certificate really more appropriate for secondary school scholars? 36 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLI

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The decline of Jimmy Stephens' star

By Charlene Gourguechon

Three years ago, when no one outside the New Hebrides had heard of Jimmy Stephens, the rnnHnmini,.m rmrornmnnt Condominium Government was WOrnea about him. Now, Jimmy’s international stock has gone wav un all tho wav nn ™ • ana the government is not concerned. . u[ -j reason 18 simple. If New rlebndeans were to hold a referendum tomorrow on the question of JIITI Stephens, a vote of noconfidence would undoubtedly carry.

August, when Kal Muller, Jacques Gourguechon and i arrived m the New Hebrides to work on filming and writing prothere keep us amount of Excitement over 3 NjT Griamel excitement over Nau„a • a ? the sidereH the hiah nnlnt tH 6 COn m d en^ d ,^ e fi^ h fl a P Na-Griamel members were proud of their flag and were arousing the enthusiasm of many local nonmembers.

“The French have one, the British have one, now we’ll show them our colours.”

Because of our timely arrival, the government was suspicious, assummg that we had come expressly to cover the event. Jimmy, however, welcomed us. He, too, assumed that were there to cover the event, bu L he like s the idea> • , L T* 16 meeting was certainly worth seeing, for an understanding of later developments, and was worth some f°°tage as well.

The centre of interest was Jimmy himself ’ in full regalia (white shirt, banner, armband, Na-Griamel symbolic plants and all), enacting the role of Chief President; Jimmy, with proper dignity, preaching the virtues and rewards of hard work, education and religion, promising that soon the land would revert to its rightful owners, predicting that soon Na-Griamel members would be earning a good living through the export of fruits and vegetables— and, finally, asking for money.

People paid, some dubiously, many wholeheartedly. They figured it wasn ’ t much to ask for all they would soon receive in return. And they went home happily to wait for results.

They’re still waiting, but not so After three y ears of P a V in g their dues per man > $1 per woman, 2 P S ents per child), people are beginning to wonder just what they’re pa y in g for - No accounting of funds has ever been made to the general membership. And one needn’t be a mathematician to know that if Jimmy has the 22,000 members he claims, he has a lot of money to account for.

A disconcerting factor is that the original intention to use this money [ or i n , t I erna J economic development has fallen by the wayside.

All known efforts of the movement have been political. In fact, the only solid evidence that all this cash has not been eaten by the bush rats is that Na-Griamel has had enough funds for Chief Moses’ political travels.

As much as the money issue, Jimmy’s new neo-pagan attitude towards marriage has aroused resentment.

Since the 1968 Flag Day, he has acquired second and third wives.

For New Hebrideans—all except the few hundred bush people who remain—a good man is a Christian, and a Christian is monogamous, Outsiders might be convinced that polygamy is a thriving local custom, but the locals know better Jimmy has actually turned followers into opponents over the question of women. Aoba Island, for example used to be a Na-Griamel stronghold, until _ Jimmy made off Wlth ao Aoban girl, The fact that he has been travelling of late with his number two wife has not helped matters. Why wg finance holidays for Jimmy s girlfriend, is the gist of the general grumble, Besides being for something people are against, Jimmy has made the opposite political mistake as well. His 39 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

FIAT CONCESSIONAIRES American Samoa Silver Star Transport Inc., P.O. Box CB-4, PAGO PAGO.

Fiji Motibhai & Co. Ltd., P.O. Box 40, ba.

New Caledonia Agence Automobile S.A., P.O. BOX 842, NOUMEA.

New Guinea New Guinea Motors Pty. Ltd., P.O. Box 1027, BOROKA.

New Hebrides Societe Bourgeois & Cie., P.O. BOX 28, PORT VILA.

New Zealand Torino Motors Ltd., P.O. Box 6240, AUCKLAND.

Norfolk Island Red Rental Ltd., P.O. Box 147, NORFOLK ISLAND.

Solomon Islands Chan Wing Motors Ltd., P.O. BOX 820, HONIARA.

Tahiti Agence Tahiti Poroi, P.O. BOX 83, PAPEETE.

Western Samoa E. A. Coxon & Co. Ltd., P.O. Box 38, APIA.

HUSO Jimmy Stephens stand on temperance, while it may have merit, is not popular. The only New Hebrideans who consistently do not drink are the Seventh-day Adventists.

There is always resentment towards an attitude with holier-than-thou overtones, and so rumours are current of the days when Jimmy was said to be quite a drinker himself—rumours of the past, and present suspicions.

In remoter areas of the New Hebrides, where people knew we had seen more of the Na-Griamel than they had, we were asked—among other questions, and often over a beer at the local co-operative—whether it was true that Jimmy was an abstainer.

We said we didn’t think so. How did we know? We related the following anecdote.

In April, 1970, two of the three in our film team, taking a walk in Suva, glanced through the open window of an out-of-the-way pub and recognised Jimmy, a beer in his hand. We greeted him.

He rushed outside, rather flushed and flustered, to tell us that he had not really been drinking, that he was there to meet a friend, that it would be good if we mentioned nothing of this in the New Hebrides, as people might misunderstand.

But we saw no reason for keeping secrets.

Though drinking is a relatively minor issue—money and women are not —serious dissent is arising from a change in Na-Griamel’s basic policy.

Three years ago, Jimmy advocated opposition to Europeans over land but nothing else. General opposition to the condominium was not part of the programme. Gradually, it has become so, and many Na-Griamelers do not agree.

On north Ambrym a few months ago we witnessed a meeting between the people of several villages and the French Delegate, with Olsen Kai, Na- Griamel’s second-in-command, as opposition leader.

The delegate had come to offer condominium funds for a road which the Ambrym Islanders had already started to build, on their own initiative and with hand-tools only.

The Na-Griamel urged rejection of such funds —non-co-operation by not taking money from the Europeans.

The delegate explained that the money in fact belonged to the New Hebrideans, that even those present had contributed, knowingly or not, through export duties on their copra.

The leaders of these villages being firm Na-Griamel supporters, the offer was politely refused. The delegate packed up his money and left. But there was some heated discussion during the next few days.

There were numbers of people who felt that turning down money for road equipment was not the direct route to progress. And when, moreover, will the Na-Griamel be able to make a similar offer?

North Ambrym, like Aoba, used to be a Na-Griamel stronghold.

Overall, these days, New Hebrideans are developing an image of Na- Griamel as something that has no direct significance for them, and provides no direct benefits. Those who pay, as several Ambrym Islanders admitted frankly, often do so as a form of insurance. For $2, a man can afford to bet against the odds.

Few are convinced of the value of Jimmy’s trips abroad, New Hebrideans generally favouring economics over politics. They associate this particular way of spending money with Europeans.

And that observation reminds them of a fact they were willing to overlook three years ago: Jimmy is nart- European, also part Tongan. I no olsein mifala, some are beginning to say; he’s not one of us.

Those who know the story of the rifles are beginning to dredge that up, too, and repeat it.

It seems that once, before the birth of Na-Griamel, Jimmy took money from a number of people, promising rifles. The rifles were never delivered, the money was never seen again, and Jimmy wound up in gaol.

The decline of Jimmy’s star, even near Na-Griamel’s headquarters village on Santo, was seen recently in a meeting over a land dispute.

Locals, representatives of the French society which owns the land in question, and government officials were present.

Jimmy took the floor and proposed to speak for the people, whereupon a government official demanded, “And who are you to speak for the people? Who gives you the right?”

Jimmy searched the eyes of his “supporters”, seeking support. But no one said a word. He sat down, silenced.

The Condominium Government, known for attempting little and bungling much of that, was for once politically right in not taking action on Na-Griamel. It could have put obstacles in Jimmy’s way. But it chose to let him get in his own way, in his own good time, and that is what he is doing.

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Fiji'S A Beaut

PLACE FOR A HOLIDAY BUT

By Judy Tudor

Fiji is a beaut place for a holiday but, according to my reading of the newly revitalised Immigration Act, I’ve had my chips, having worked here on my normal business for a couple of weeks (in this case revising the Pacific Islands Year Book).

I should now quietly move on, as the first 14 days is the limit a visitor is supposed to work in this country on the job in which he is “normally employed” outside it.

As it happens I’m going, anyway—to that land of the free, New Hebrides—but if my work were unfinished I am supposed to hire myself a local journalist to complete the job or apply for a permit to continue.

These lunatic provisions apply to anyone who comes here in the course of his business—overseas representatives, commercial travellers, advertising salesmen, even people doing research.

It will be interesting to see how many jobs are created if any real attempt is made to police this one.

Most of the so-called new provisions of the Immigration Act are rehashed from the 1962 Act, but in those bad, old colonial days a blind eye was turned conveniently on some of them, to the infinite benefit of Fiji.

For example, in the past wives of men who came in on work permits were permitted to take jobs, if they could find them. Now dependants of work permit holders must get work permits of their own and getting them makes the biblical passage of the camel through the eye of a needle look like minor league stuff.

Some of these women are talented persons in their own right, whose services should be welcomed by this developing country. They seem now to be doomed, during the currency of their husband’s short term contract, to sit at home being bored to death and probably giving their husbands hell as a consequence.

If, instead of working in a job, an expatriate wife attempts to start a small business, she still has to apply for a work permit and a permit to start a business. Her case will be considered on the basis of whether similar businesses already exist.

Women aren’t the only victims of this passion for localisation.

Dead-sets are frequently made at other members of local society who are performing a needed service, for no other reason I sometimes think than that the framers of the legislation and those who put it to work are male as well as bumble-footed.

By Grace And Favour

Restrictive migration policies always have inbuilt side-effects and this one, in terms of stultification, won’t be different. With all the usual exceptions, the general level of efficiency in this country js about one-third that of Australia or NZ.

Investment above a certain sum in a Fiji enterprise, or independent means, gives residential entry and the people who, hopefully, are going to settle at Pacific Harbour, Deuba, doubtless come into this category.

The project has got government blessing and, after spending an average SUSI3,OOO on a block of land and that much and up-and-up for a house, these grace-andfavour residents are hardly likely to want to settle for a tourist visa.

If all goes well, there should be several thousand foreign bodies living there near Deuba within a few years. The first 1,150 acres (out of a total 7,500 acres) have been cut up into 1,304 lots of from one-sixth of an acre to an acre. In May 200 lots had been sold, half of them in Fiji and the rest in UK, Europe, and Hong Kong. Australians and New Zealanders have to get the permission of their Reserve Banks for funds to buy foreign land, and only a few with overseas funds have invested at Deuba. And, in spite of the fact that half of the people in Fiji will tell you that the place is designed as an American retirement village project, none has gone to Americans except those who are already domiciled in Hong Kong or elsewhere. Some legal technicality has to be overcome before the developers begin selling in North America, Under the terms of sale a house must be built within three years and therein, it seems to me, lies the first real problem. If 1,000 new landowners, or even the existing Prue Acton, Australia's young answer to Britain's Mary Quant, presented an uninhibited collection—her first in the Islands—in Fiji in May. These samples, modelled by local girls, show that she hadn't heard all those old stories, told to generations of Islands women, about not showing legs or large areas of bare anatomy. The usual idea is that it drives local males to fury or, more likely, anticipatory frenzy. The parade was organised by Morris Hedstrom Ltd. and Air India, with proceeds to the Fiji Amateur Sports Association. 43 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

It's nice to know the service doesn't stop with the plane.

O.K. the flight’s over. But if you’re on Qantas, the ■service isn’t. We don't leave you stranded in a pile of luggage at a strange airport.

We have a crew on the ground as good as the one in the air. They’re local people who are there whenever a Qantas plane lands. They'll get you a porter or a connecting flight, look after the kids and show you where to go. They’re there because you’re there. And that’s nice to know.

These are the things that only time can teach and we’ve been flying a long time; fifty years.

We’ve flown more people between Australia and the USA than anyone else.

We know what you want from an airline. We know we have to be better at it than anyone else. And we’ve got just the people to do it. Your kind of people. & £ i % I Your kind of people QANTAS. with AIR NEW ZEALAND and BOAC JW1.0503 44 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

200, all start to try to build their houses together, the work force of the local building industry, already stretched to the limit, is likely to crack off in the middle.

Meantime about a million dollars worth of earthmoving equipment is literally moving mountains at Deuba, or slithering around in the mud forming roads, digging canals or artificial lakes.

Whatever you might think of this sort of development you have to give the promoters an E-for- Effort and a great big O-for- Optimism.

Not only will they shape up the whole basic conception and put in most of the services, but they will supply plans to customers, build and even furnish their houses, maintain them and rent them to tenants when not required by the owners.

Against the Fijian background my heart quails at the prospect of the vast and ulcer-making job entailed.

Obviously, great sums of money have already been sunk at Deuba —to such an extent it is hard to see how the scheme can be allowed to fail. Yet a lot of sound Fiji citizens still say they can’t see it getting off the ground. Mr. Jack Hackett, who has been government PRO in Suva for the past 15 years or so is to join the company shortly. Probably part of his job will be to persuade sceptics that they are wrong.

Clean-Up Campaign

Suva now has some prestigious buildings, including the Development Bank Building and the new National Provident Building which is situated out to hell-and-gone, on the edge of the city in Grantham Road.

It also has some that once were and are no longer. The Native Land Trust Board building, for example. There is no problem about localisation there—so far as I could see when I was there last week localisation is complete, with everyone a Fijian, all friendly, helpful types.

But what was really needed was a brigade with buckets and mops.

One row of tiles is missing from the top steps of the porch; the tiles of the porch look as though they have never seen soap and water; the two coffin-shaped receptacles that flank the porch, and which I imagine were designed as flower boxes are full of desiccated earth and cigarette butts; the stairs and passage ways are grimy, with big blobs of black stuff here and there which I would say was dehydrated chewing-gum, except that, so far as I know, Fijians are not gum chewers.

Korotogo Strip

Meantime back at the ranch ... this ranch called Casablanca, pronounced Thasamblantha, Queens Road, Korotogo.

When I left it, last November, the wet season had scarcely begun; when I returned to it in May, the wet season officially past (it is, in fact, still raining gallons) I expected anything—damp, mould, even that the house had slipped from its moorings on the hill.

There wasn’t and it hadn’t. The Fijian staff had kept the place spotless; the garden that was alternatively a mud slide and a dust heap in November is now clothed from top fence to the beach in green lawn; the papaw trees are 10 feet high; the poinsettias are in bloom and the cannas grown into a forest.

An entirely satisfactory state of affairs.

We formerly had another, smaller house, at the end of the Korotogo strip and near the village, its Fijian name, “Vale Vulavula” (white house). We were finally driven from there by the village dogs which kept up such a racket at night that I, as a natural-born insomniac, rarely ever slept; and by our neighbours’ hens who cleaned up their own environment and then proceeded to clean up ours.

We bought many rolls of chicken wire and fenced the whole two acres, but the hens and dogs burrowed under it.

We consulted the Sigatoka police who said: “We have exactly the same trouble ourselves. We throw stones”.

I resigned myself to rushing out at intervals, waving my arms and yelling like a banshee, whereupon flocks of hens would take off under or over the chicken wire, while our neighbours sat on their verandahs, fascinated at the sight, but impassive.

When, at a later time they were asked why the hell didn’t they keep their hens locked up, they said in surprise: “Hens! We wondered why the memsahib sometimes ran up and down, calling out”.

The coupe de grace wasn’t administered to the memsahib, as it happened, but to the sahib. He came home one afternoon and found three goats tethered to his gate.

Up at this end of the settlement the dogs are less numerous, no one keeps hens and so far none of our neighbours has got a goat.

But the house is again white and obviously can’t be called “Vale Vulavula”. Various Fijian circumlocutions for “House on the Hill”, “Sea View”, etc., were tried, but didn’t fit. As a joke it began to be called Casablanca, it stuck and now it’s on a board near the front fence. Official.

But it’s a fool of a name for a house in Fiji where “c” is pronounced “th” and “b” is always pronounced as though it had an “m” in front of it.

Expendable Coconuts

The coconuts right up and down this strip of coast and, for miles on either side, are being ravaged by rhinoceros beetle. Some now have died right out and it looks as though many more will follow. To the authorities our palms are exexpendable because it isn’t a copraproducing area and no one can be spared for beetle control here.

It seems short-sighted. Coconuts are still part of the village diet; moreover, they are beautiful to look at and part of the scene. Most householders would gladly pay to have their trees treated, both for their own edification and as a contribution to the beauty of the area.

What’s a tropical South Sea island without coconut palms?

Aquatic Lunches

Reef Lodge Hotel down the road has now dropped “Lodge” from its name and, after about a year of turmoil, has emerged face lifted, enlarged and as the latest resort on this coast.

Among its amenities are three swimming pools. A small one for small people, a large one for adults and a middling-sized one for those who like to mix business and pleasure. It’s slap-bang up against the snack bar and has submerged bar stools. Customers can sit there, up to their waists in water, while thp.v chew hamburgers or drink beer. Very cute. 45 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

46 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Melanesia'S Buried Treasure

Denis Fisk Reports

On Kennecott

The big American mining company, Kennecott, has discovered copper ore in large rich lumps in a remote area of Papua—there’s no doubt about it. But whether the find will be a goer—whether the copper can be extracted profitably—is another matter.

Meanwhile the primitive people of the Star Mountains, who still wear penis gourds, are getting their first contact with the world.

The copper find is deep within the mountain called Fubilan, about 12 miles from both the West Irian and New Guinea borders.

Fubilan’s copper was found in 1968 by two geologists, John Felderhoff and Doug Fishburn, on a routine company prospecting trip. They found traces of copper in the lower Ok Tedi, a tributary of the vast Fly River, and followed it upstream to Fubilan. Exploration followed the same year from a camp called Ok Tedi—but now the camp is at Tabubil, because there was no more room for expansion at the now abandoned Ok Tedi.

It would be hard to find anywhere more remote in Papua. Everything goes in by air, much of it after a long journey up the Fly River.

To reach it even by air from Port Moresby can take all day. A Twin Otter prop-jet aircraft takes two hours to Daru, the Western District centre on the coast of Papua. It’s another two hours to Kiunga, the little port and sub-district headquarters near the head-waters of the Fly River; a 15minute flight in a Britten-Norman Islander to the patrol post of Ningerum, an airstrip brought to life by the constant ferrying of Kennecott’s goods; then it’s another 35 miles by Alouette helicopter to Tabubil and, if the clouds haven’t come down, 10 minutes to Fubilan.

The main base camp at Tabubil looks very new, sitting amid dozens of tree stumps on a rare limestone In Papua, Kennecott hopes for big things; on Bougainville, CRA is in the midst of big things; in the Solomons, Mitsui is on the threshold. PIM correspondents here present some of the angles.

Top, opposite page, aerial view of Panguna minesite and company town looking towards the east coast. Open cut is at centre and circling it is one of the 80 ftwide mine haul roads. Pictured below, new portsite at Anewa Bay, east coast.

Wharf is 251 ft long. A 135 mw steam electric power station is under construction top centre. Pictured right, Arawa township takes shape on a former plantation. It is being built by Bougainville Copper Pty. Ltd. and the PNG Government, and will have a population of 8,000.

Anewa Bay is over headland, in far distance. 47 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

plateau 2,300 ft above sea level and a few hundred feet straight up from the Ok Tedi. There’s been an unusual stretch of “fine” weather and sunlight glares off aluminium roofs and almost blinding-white crushed limestone paths between the buildings. The paths ensure traverse through the never-absent mud.

A lone metal shed containing a transceiver theoretically gives the camp daily radio contact with Port Moresby, but when the weather’s bad there’s simply no contact, and most days it’s a work of art to have understanding in both directions.

Tabubil was only just made comfortable in time for the wetter-thanusual wet season which “clags-in” the mountains from April to September, and stops more than 90 per cent, of flying and consequently all but one drill on Fubilan.

Fubilan, where the copper is, is a peak of 6,800 ft, one of numerous peaks only a few minutes by helicopter from Tabubil, but sometimes untouchable for more than a week when the cloud and rain descend.

On the very peak of the Fubilan cone lies the drilling base camp, Hong Kong. There are over 40 drill sites, with names like Toronto, Kings Cross, Athens (in Greek characters) —all places their “founders” would rather be.

A first-light flight finds you shivering uncontrollably in your shirtsleeves in the persistent wind. There’s a perverse and tight-mouthed pride in the men—geologists, drillers and field assistants—working to discover the extent of the copper beneath them as 450 inches of rain falls on them annually. At Tabubil you sleep comfortably naked with one light blanket.

On Hong Kong you’re virtually fully dressed, under seven blankets, and using a kerosene heater.

What they’re all working to prove is whether that rich copper is mineable, and Kennecott is still a long way off deciding whether it has that goer or not.

At Tabubil, that surprising plateau in a jumble of mountains in that top left-hand corner of Papua, there may be room for an airstrip, which would take the load off the hellishly expensive helicopter fleet—in recent months a Super Frelon from France, capable of taking a DCS load; two turbine powered Alouette Ills, and a Jet Ranger for whizzing the geologists about. The three smaller craft are hardly ever on the ground, while the Frelon has borne the heavy and awkwardly shaped loads.

Tabubil accommodates and feeds more than 200 men, about half of them labourers from local sources and from the Highlands. There are two messes—one integrated, the other for natives who prefer traditional diet.

The New Guineans who choose the integrated mess are mostly the trainees and a few artisans. There are more than 20 trainees who are being educated beyond their fourth year of secondary schooling with written lessons and a lot of practical tuition and experience. If a mine were decided on, some of these would take senior positions in the running of various aspects of the mine operations.

Already, one is at the Institute of Technology in Lae at company expense studying accountancy and business management to diploma level.

Trainees are allowed to specialise in fields they prefer, but all are trained to know all aspects of camp work-bushcraft, simple geology, stream sediment sampling and stream gauging, surveying, stores ordering and handling, aircraft loading, drilling, preparation of drill core samples, camp management, learning and teaching the two languages used most widely by labour (Pidgin and Police Motu), first aid, and using radio.

Where their specialised field requires it, the company will send them to tertiary institutions.

The advent of a mine would bring social upheaval to the mountain people and quicken change among the heavier populations towards the coast as the preparation stage soaked up thousands of workers. It’s not hard to see what a difference work for thousands of men would make in the Western District’s total population of 60,000.

Kennecott hopes to replace the inevitable destruction of a simple way of life with opportunity in a modern economy. It sounds too good to be true, but what has been done so far encourages belief in the company’s intentions. The training scheme, a school, a four-bed hospital, integration, recognition of social impact, the use of helicopters to carry villagers to hospitals whenever asked—these have come before the company has decided whether it will mine.

If Kennecott has a goer, as everybody hopes, then the whole Western District of Papua will stir from its historical position of poverty and neglect. Fubilan could be another Bougainville.

Mod cons ... a long way from home

Ann Glenn Reports

On Bougainville

“Come to sunny Bougainville . . . ” said the advertisement, like a travel brochure. . . attractive surroundings, good working conditions, excellent pay . .

So we came in our trimaran Rebel, after five years of Pacific cruising, and found our anchorage just off Camp 6 at Loloho, 100 yards offshore from one cf the prettiest swimming beaches we’ve seen anywhere.

The surroundings were all that had been promised. The pay was good, too —but there any resemblance to a “working holiday” ended, because it is work—lo hours a day, six days a week.

Loloho is located six miles north of Kieta, at Anewa Bay, the site of the newly-constructed port facilities for the Bougainville copper project.

The mine site, to begin producing next year, is up in the ranges at Panguna, and there are thousands of men working there and around the 48 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

various camps to get it into operation.

The Loloho single men’s camp, the married quarters, and the Loloho hospital have been completed, and the waterfront has been filled and reshaped to take the new wharf. The major construction jobs now in progress in Anewa Bay are the giant power station, which will be almost double the present generating capacity of the entire territory of Papua New Guinea, and the storage areas for the heavy fuel oil and the ore concentrate. Most of the men who live at Camp 6 are involved in these projects.

Camp 6 at Loloho is just one of the “instant communities” that have been established to house the influx of workers. In it, 900 men live in prefabricated “dongas”, eat in the single mess, and suffer the “nothing-to-do syndrome”.

During the day the 40 ft x 10 ft pre-fabricated buildings are deserted except for the minority on night shift who wander to the laundry and toilet blocks before disappearing into the 10 ft x 10 ft bedroom shared by two men. Each room is attractive and comfortable, lined with wood veneer and containing two beds, two lockers, two chairs and a desk. To dispel the atmosphere of “little boxes”, the men assert their individuality in their collections of calendar pictures and kingsized posters.

In the evening after the 5 o’clock whistle blows, the camp comes alive.

In the hour between 5 and 6, mates meet in the wet canteen or relax on their verandas after their long day.

A group of regular bathers troop to the beach where some snorkel and dive, a few clown on the rope swing, and others take their exercise seriously, swimming strong and finishing with a run up the beach.

Through the dusk, the sounds of Simon and Garfunkle compete with Herb Alpert and Tom Jones, all at peak volume. Radios and tape recorders are less expensive here, and music provides a popular relaxation.

Dinner, like all the meals, is served in two sittings. The food is good quality, served in enormous quantity.

If it is not always as well prepared Amid a confusion of mountains In the top left-hand corner of Papua is Kennecott's base camp of Tabubil, rising from jungle bulldozed from a rare plateau at 2,300 ft and shown in the panorama at top. In the distant ranges is Fubilan, the mountain of copper, reached from Tabubil by a short helicopter flight. Lower picture, Fubilan itself, 6,800 ft, the base drilling camp of Hong Kong clinging tenaciously to a topmost spur. Denis Fisk took the exclusive photos on a recent visit. 49 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

Picture Yourself in a Go Anywhere Lake Amphibian 3 high performance, 4 seat, models to choose from. 1,135 lbs useful load and 150 mph cruising speeds. Ruggedly constructed and corrosion proofed for salt water operation. For full details or a demonstration contact: LAKE AIRCRAFT SALES PTY. LTD. 154 INGLEBURN ROAD, INGLEBURN, N.S.W. 2565, AUSTRALIA.

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A holiday in Fiji is not complete without a stay at

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Korolevu, the South Pacific's most famous resort, is a must for all visitors to Fiji. Situated on the beautiful Coral Coast of Viti Levu, Korolevu is a holiday-maker's dream. The beautiful curving white sand beaches and the shimmering palm fronds make a stay at Korolevu a truly memorable occasion.

Other Northern Hotels at Suva, Sigatoka, Nadi, Lautoka, Ba and Tavua.

KOROLEVU BEACH HOTEL, KOROLEVU-I-WAI, NADROGA, FIJI.

Sales Representative: Shaul International, Hotel Representatives, 34th Floor, Australia Square, Sydney, N.S.W., 2000, Australia.

Telephone: 27-4601. Cable: "Rephotel", Sydney.

Shaul International, 6th Floor, 330 Collins Street, Melbourne, 3000, Victoria, Australia.

Write or Cable: Distributors Wanted Throughout The Pacific • 9.4 cu. ft. capacity •Full width freezer chest •Glide-out shelves * Resistant white titanium porcelain steel interior •Vegetable drawer •Gas models have safety cut-off device SHELDON & COMPANY, INC. 104 FIFTH AVENUE, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10011 Cable: Teneka, N.Y as it might be, it is because the cooks are feeding 900 men with facilities designed for a maximum of 600. And men who have few other pleasures to occupy their minds can always find fault with the food.

The repetitive complaint that there is “nothing to do” is at least partially justified. The single men complain that there are no girls, and nowhere to take them if there were; the married men miss their wives and children.

There are movies three nights a week—they’re free. But when it rains —and that is not uncommon—the roofed-in section of the outdoor theatre area is far too small to shelter the crowd.

There are snooker tables, but the long wait for a game discourages all but a few.

Even the small choice between the wet canteens in Camp 6 and one of the other camps is denied to all but a few men, because private transport is a rare luxury.

The philosophical among them grin and say it is a great place if you want to study or take a correspondence course—there are so few distractions.

Most of the men who grumble about ‘ nothing to do” will admit, if pressed, that after 10 hours of work, they’re not really interested in a late night— but they do resent the decision being made for them.

On Sundays, their only day off, the men face the same problem—only more so. On Sundays, the beauty of the natural surroundings comes into its own again, and the beachfront is the centre of activity. Skin-diving is probably the number one sport.

Kieta shops do a brisk business in swim fins, masks and snorkels, and quite a few have the full gear—highpowered spear guns, tanks and all The men fish, paddle about in the narrow native outrigger canoes, or take turns on water skis. Groups of men organise to charter one of the four yachts in the area to take them out to the tantalising nearby islets.

I’m content with life at Camp 6.

I have my home and my husband, plenty of new friends, a job I find interesting and we are rapidly saving money to continue our cruising way of life.

In contrast, most of the men in Camp 6 have strong interests Down South, and for them, “Sunny Bougainville” represents little more than an opportunity to make a quick dollar.

If the average worker doesn’t develop an affection for the place, perhaps it’s understandable. 50 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

THE BOOM AT LAST?

Judy Tudor Reports

On Rennell

Hard-pressed government officials in the Solomons have been hoping for years for something that would give the protectorate economic liftoff. They now think they may have got it.

It won’t be copper, but bauxite on Rennell Island, believed to be in the order of 30 million tons, with enough proved for 10 to 12 years at an extraction rate of 1.5 million tons a year. If all goes to plan, mining should begin in 1974.

Although the preliminary agreement over the exploitation of Rennell’s bauxite has been signed between Japan’s Mitsui and the British Solomon Islands Protectorate Government (PIM, June, p. 127), it is expected that it will be months before legal advisers have dotted all the i’s of the final agreement.

Nonetheless, what has already been achieved is sufficient for the company to go ahead with trial mining; with a smallships wharf at Rennell to commence in October when the South-East season with its big swells dies down; and with the building of a road up the cliffs of Rennell, which is an upthrust atoll.

Trial mining is regarded as necessary to establish the cost of operations. Rennell bauxite has a very high moisture content and mechanical drying will be necessary before shipment. On the other hand, the bauxite is extremely low in silica content which makes it easier to handle, as silica must be removed during the processing of bauxite into alumina. (Rennell silica content is .25 of 1 per cent, while Australia’s Gove bauxite is 3.2 per cent, silica and Weipa 4,7 per cent.) The BSIP Government is hopeful that Rennell bauxite will not only be dried on the island but will receive its first processing there to turn it into alumina.

The second stage of processing, from alumina to the aluminium of commerce, requires masses of cheap electrical power and is out of the question on Rennell.

Unquestionably it would be cheaper There is no world price for bauxite as those who mine it also process it into aluminium. However, if the f.o.b. price of the Rennell bauxite is fixed in the region of 54.50-55.30 per ton, as thought likely, the BSIP Government should get (on an extraction of 1.5 million tons) something like $356,000 a year from royalties, and the landowners something like $18,500 annually.

In addition, although the mining will be mechanised, there probably will be jobs for about 170 Rennellese working under a few top Japanese executives and engineers.

It’s expected installation costs will be in the vicinity of $14.3 million, including the cost of a port at $5 million. Because of the physical nature of Rennell it will be necessary to load from mechanised overhead equipment into bulk carriers.

The BSIP also has a bauxite prospect at Vanguna in the New Georgia Group. If these deposits proved economic it might be the factor that would make a first-stage refinery on Rennell possible. CRA has a two-year extended prospecting licence over the area, and at the end of it, will have to come up with a proposition or pull out.

Through CRA, Japanese companies have already shown an interest in the New Georgia leases. Another Japanese consortium, Aluminium Resources Development Co. Ltd., is also expected to send a survey team there later this year. The doubt about Vanguna is that the bauxite is of much poorer quality than Rennell’s. to take the dried bauxite to Japan and process it into alumina there, so whether Rennell gets its refinery depends on how much more it costs to do the first stage of processing there. If Mitsui and the BSIP cannot agree on whether the additional cost is reasonable, provision is made for an independent arbitrator to decide.

One of the reasons why the government is anxious that the first-stage refinery be established on Rennell is that residue from the processing could then be used to fill in the old workings.

The deposits are all on the northwest section of Rennell, making the 600 people living there the luckiest in the BSIP.

They will, each man, woman and child established there at a certain date, get $4OO as a disturbance allowance—the money paid to minors going into trust accounts for them. (Children born subsequent to the fixed date, now past, will not get anything.) In addition, as the workings eat up their gardens and land the people will be compensated for these and for any buildings.

The company will, moreover, build them a model village elsewhere, with school, clinic, club, shops, sportsground with swimming pool.

When the bauxite is worked out, landowners or their heirs will get their land back, and so that there will be no hanky-panky when that time comes, a government lands officer has been stationed on Rennell for some time, registering land.

As well as having shares in the company to be formed (Mitsui Smelting and Development (BSIP) Ltd.) the BSIP Government will get a 5 per cent, royalty on the f.o.b. price of the bauxite and of this royalty, the landowners will get 5 per cent.

It's not just another muddy road; in this case, to use a Yorkshirism, where there's muck there's money. Much of the road's surface is bauxite which covers the surface of this area of Rennell alongside the airstrip. Ted Marriott took the photo. 51 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

why no visit the neighbours We have an awful lot in common. Yet we visit each other so seldom. Times are changing fast. It’s possible to travel round the islands quickly and comfortably these days in 40-seater jetprop aircraft. Get a Timetable and Fares folder from Fiji Airways, or your travel agent.

Fiji Airways, P.O.

Box 112, Suva. General Sales Agent for

Boac, Q Ant As

and TAA in East Fiji and Tonga.

Also General Sales Agent for BOAC, Q ANT AS and Air New Zealand in British Solomon Islands Protectorate, New Hebrides, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony and Nauru. ... yy: a nauru NEW GUINEA SOLOMON ISLES. ■'s new hebrides I =s^ <=> *H rmip samoa •'.. ... -*v .

JD/ r-jr.r- -r iifJETWOMf COVERING 4,500,000 SQUARE MILES OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC 1269 52 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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I B I I J JULY, 1971—PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Magazine Section

Unhappy Story Of Singapore

In The Solomons

When the Pacific War broke out on December 7, 1941, I was managing a rubber plantation for Burns Philp at Berande, on the coast of Guadalcanal—2o miles across the sea from what was then the capital of the Solomons, Tulagi.

I had arranged to go to Tulagi on December 16 to see my wife, but received word a few days before that she and all the other women in Tulagi had left for Australia on a ship which had been diverted while on its way to the Gilberts.

The population of Tulagi at that time was about 40 or 50 whites, 180 Chinese and a shifting number of working natives. The British administration had earlier started a small Defence Force of about 15 whites, five to six Chinese and about 150 native police, but apart from rifles their only equipment was two antiquated Lewis guns of World War I vintage.

Although there were elaborate trench systems on the island, they all protected the entrance to Tulagi Harbour, and there was nothing at the back of the island because the enemy was supposed to come in at the front.

There was an RAAF seaplane base on the island, with four Catalinas. A group of 20 AIF commandos, with a few Vickers machine guns, were quartered at Gavutu Island, across the causeway. It would have been hopeless to try to defend Tulagi with the forces available.

Although the women at Tulagi had left, there was no general evacuation of the group, the administration seeming to be afraid of incurring any expense in the evacuation of all women and children, and so it left them to decide their own fate.

In January, 1942, the Malaita arrived from Rabaul and brought news of the bombing by the Japs of that New Guinea port. The ship was packed with evacuees from Rabaul and the Bougainville coast, and also carried 25 Jap civilian prisoners, together with their families. The prisoners were installed in the first class cabins, and the European women and children were crammed in the remaining cabins and in the dining or music rooms. Men were camped in every cranny.

In Tulagi people were very jittery and full of rumours about Jap convoys being seen headed for the Solomons. A lot more passengers were taken aboard the Malaita at Tulagi and she left for Australia on January 15. The ship was terribly overcrowded.

With Alan Campbell, who was Ken Dalrymple-Hay, who died in Sydney in May at the age of 74, is part of the history of the Solomon Islands. After serving in World War I, he lived there from 1929, first as a plantation man, and later as a leading businessman with wide interests.

He built the Hotel Honiara, and founded Guadalcanal Plains, with interests in cattle and agriculture.

During the Pacific War he took to the hills and became a Coastwatcher. He wrote of his wartime activities in an unpublished manuscript, part of which is now published here. It recalls graphically those first weeks when there was something like near panic in the Solomons.

Burns Philp’s chief plantation inspector, I left by small cutter for Berande.

I found everything was going well on the rubber. Things on Guadalcanal were quite normal, and only a few women had left.

On January 22 two Jap flying-boats passed directly over Berande and went into Tulagi. We could hear the explosions and learned later that Tulagi and Tanambogo, where the RAAF planes were, had received their first bombings. There was no great damage, and no casualties, at either place.

On January 25, Lever Bros, small ship Kombito, arrived with Bobbie Firth, BP accountant at Makambo, who told us that the Japs were just around the corner and expected at Tulagi at any time, and that the government and the Defence Force had evacuated from Tulagi, to Auki, on Malaita island. The Kombito would pick up people from Guadalcanal, and transfer them to the 300-ton Kurimarau,' in the nearby Russell Islands, and this ship would take everyone to Australia.

I decided to stay, mainly because I did not believe the story about the Japs being just around the corner.

Secondly, I had trained over the last two years an excellent lot of rubber tappers, and none of them could be paid or repatriated to their various islands in the four hours before the ship left. One of the particularly disgraceful things about the hurried evacuation of white people from other islands in the Solomons, it later turned out, was that none of the natives was paid money due to them, nor were they repatriated. The money was later paid by the government, but the delay was extremely bad for white prestige.

The Kurimarau sailed from the Russells on January 27 with 73 people aboard and arrived safely in Australia. I must admit that I felt lonely the first night, thinking that I was the only white left on Guadal- 53 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

canal, apart from a few men in the goldfields. But I soon got some visitors —J. A. Johnstone, commonly known to all as “Johnno”, and J. Cramer- Roberts, who was manager of Mr. E.

G. Theodore’s goldmining interests on Guadalcanal. Both had come down from Goldridge and were amazed to learn of everyone’s hurried departure.

I had very little food for ourselves and only about two weeks’ supply of native food, so the first thing to do was !ry to get to Tulagi for supplies, if the Japs were not already there.

Johnno and I decided to leave that night by cutter while Cramer-Roberts stood by at Berande.

We were met at Tulagi not by the Japs but by Lieut. Don Russell, who was in charge of the AIF commandos and who was later killed in New Guinea. And the RAAF were still at Tanambogo, just across the causeway.

Don Russell told me that C. V.

Widdy, general manager of Levers Pacific Plantations, had remained behind and was nearby on Florida.

Widdy had the keys to Burns Philp store, which I was anxious to get, but I was rather nervous at having to make contact with Widdy, as we had had a misunderstanding some three years earlier and had cut each other dead ever since. But this was no time for personal rows so I decided to go across and see him.

As I arrived at the wharf, Widdy was getting out of his launch. As soon as he saw me he walked across, put out his hand and said, “Hullo, Ken!

Damn glad to see you. I have the keys to BP’s store, which I’ll hand over to you. Tell me if there is anything I can do for you, and while you’re here you can stay at my camp”. Widdy on many occasions after that proved what a real man he was.

I found that the BP store at Makambo island, which is about a half-mile from Tulagi, had been broken open and some looting had taken place, but there were still large supplies left. The general office was intact, with valuable records in the safe.

I decided then that instead of getting just enough food for us at Berande I would try to move the entire stocks to Berande, but it was obviously going to be a race between the looters and myself, because on a walk through Tulagi’s Chinatown I saw that the natives had broken down doors and looted everything.

All the Chinese storekeepers had fled when the government had left, abandoning their stores. What the natives could not carry away they had thrown into the street. I have never seen such a mess, and wondered why no effort had been made by the Resident Commissioner to protect essential stores.

I borrowed a vessel from Widdy, and that night went off with my first load—taking the stuff the natives were likely to loot first, such as tinned meat, tobacco, rice and calico. Of course they got to work on the stores as soon as I left, but I put an old boy in the store as a spy and he supplied me with a list of the looters’ names. I let them know this and some of the loot was returned by the more timid ones. But bolder spirits came along and collected it again!

Nevertheless I eventually managed to transport to Guadalcanal everything of value, making 23 trips in all.

It was now early February, 1942, and Widdy told me that the government had arranged for the Morinda to evacuate all remaining Europeans from the group, and she was expected to arrive about February 9. The evacuation was not compulsory, but all Europeans were advised to leave, Having decided earlier to remain I could see no reason for leaving now, especially as I had taken on the responsibility of looking after the stores, It was about this time, while on one of our visits to Tulagi from Berande, that Johnno and I found ourselves under attack. We had been visiting the Tulagi Club in the hope of finding some beer when two Jap flying-boats attacked the wireless station, a few hundred yards ahead of us.

They dropped eight bombs from about 4,000 ft—one of them falling uncomfortably near the shallow trench we were in, a jagged piece of the “daisy cutter” flying in with us.

We later went up to see how the radio operator, R. S. Taylor, had fared, and found that one wall of his house had been knocked in by the blast. His house, I think, was the first to be damaged at Tulagi, but certainly not the l ast - , _ , , .

We went back to Berande that night feeling rather proud that we had been under fire for the first time m this war.

My next trip to Tulagi was on February 7, when I found Tulagi and Makambo had been > repopulated. All the government officials had come back from Auki, and people had arrived from other districts, to evacuate in the Morinda. I took across 3,000 lb of dry rubber and all the Burns Philp records.

The Morinda was expected the next day. About 9 a.m. news came through by teleradio on Bougainville, where two coastwatchers were at work to tell us that two Jap flying-boats had passed over, and we could expect them in a couple of hours, The Morinda arrived at Makambo at 11 a.m. and Lieut, D. S. Macfarlan, He lived his life with gusto . . . "

In 1937 the District of Ysabel in the Solomons also included the Russell Islands some 60 miles to the south and it was on the Russells that most of the copra production and consequently the labour force, of the Solomons was concentrated.

My first tour of the Russells, in 1937 as Acting District Officer, led to my meeting Ken Hay, as he was then known, in his guise as manager of Banika plantation. The Wai Ai tied up to the wharf and Ken came down to meet me. He was a large man, very solidly built and had the air of being king in his own domain if not of the Russells.

He had a case of assault to bring against one of his labourers and I heard the case straight away. It soon transpired that the assault had been occasioned by Ken’s interpretation of the Labour Regulations and led immediately after the hearing of the first case to a second case in which I fined Ken for “bending” the provisions of the Regulations to suit himself.

After the proceedings were over, I thought that he would be incensed at what had happened and was preparing to return to the Wai Ai and to continue with my tour of inspection— but he would have none of it. He said I must come and have a mea and meet his wife. There was no trao of rancour and I returned with hin to meet the charming Sylvia and t( enjoy the first of many such meetings Ken lived life with gusto and panache His outlook took little note o whether fortune was smiling oi him or whether he was for the tim being reeling from the blows of fat —often occasioned by his own some what unorthodox behaviour. His sens of humour remained intact and h had a keen sense of irony. His friend were his friends and his enemie were his enemies, and quite ofte: 54 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

an Australian naval liaison officer of the RANVR, who had been on Tulagi for some months, went out by launch and warned her captain of the air raid. The Morinda made off towards Port Purvis, and shortly afterwards two Jap flying-boats arrived and made straight for her. They dropped their bombs without causing any damage and headed north again.

On Makambo there was a general scatter and the 80 natives who had been standing by to load the ship all made off by canoe for the Florida mainland. They moved across the short stretch of water like speedboats, and in their wake was a well-known plantation manager, unable to enlist because of a bad heart, rowing for dear life in a dinghy.

Without labour I now gave up the idea of loading any copra.

As soon as the raid was over the bustle began again. All the government records were being landed on the Makambo wharf and there were also piles of luggage—even a carpenter’s bench and toolcase—although everyone had been instructed to travel with one suitcase only.

The Morinda, however, went alongside the Gavutu wharf, and the people at Makambo had to load their luggage into small boats and make for Gavutu if they were to get aboard.

I went to Gavutu to load the 30 bales of rubber and the Burns Philp records, and found the decks of the Morinda packed with people all clamouring for cabins. Captain Rothery was extremely annoyed at the ship being mobbed, as he had asked the government to prepare a passenger list and check people aboard. TTiere were now more people on the ship than he had lifeboats for.

All the luggage was still on the wharf, but none of the would-be passengers seemed anxious to collect it, the idea being that if you left the ship you mightn’t get back on.

Eventually about 12 people were told they couldn’t travel—these mainly being plantation men and miners. They included my old friend Johnno. None of the young government officials was put off the ship.

One plantation man took it badly, and moaned about his dear wife being all alone in Sydney without him. I advised him, ironically, to “sneak back up on the gangway”, and by God he did—leaving his luggage on the wharf!

While all this was going on, there was an explosion at W. R. Carpenter’s workshop, which caused some consternation. It was not caused by the Japs but by “Spearline” Wilson, who was blowing up the workshops as part of a scorched earth policy. The government officially had such a policy, set out in a circular headed, “Denial of Resources to the and ordering that all plant, machinery, launches, copra mills, etc., which could be of any use to the enemy in working plantations, should be destroyed.

Most plantations carried out this policy, but the government didn’t.

When the Japs finally entered Tulagi, besides having no opposition, they were able to use the government facilities, such as the wharves, stores, offices and houses, and a hospital complete with X-ray equipment. The scorched earth policy on Tulagi was eventually carried out by the Americans in bombing raids.

By late afternoon the government records had arrived at Gavutu from the Makambo wharf, but there were still no natives to load them. The AIF commandos took off their shirts and did the job, with the help of only one government official. The rest of the officials looked down from the ship’s rail. My boat crew loaded my rubber and I handed over the BP records to Captain Rothery for delivery to Sydney.

Widdy, who was leaving on the ship, was the only manager of the three commercial firms who had remained behind until all his employees were evacuated. Even then he wanted to come to Guadalcanal with me, but I persuaded him that his job was completed. He came back to Guadalcanal later, landing with the American Marines as an RAAF liaison officer and was decorated by President Roosevelt with the Legion of Merit.

The Morinda sailed from Tulagi at dusk, but there were very few people on board I bothered to say goodbye to. I was too disgusted at the saveyour-skin-at-any-price attitude. The Resident Commissioner, Mr. W. S.

Marchant, who stayed behind with some of his officers to set up headquarters again at Auki, also told me he was disgusted at the scramble to get away.

After the ship left there were still piles of luggage and mail bags on the wharf.

This was February, 1942. It was another three months, on May 4, when the Japs actually arrived at Tulagi, Three months, and what a lot could have been done in saving valuable stores and equipment and hundreds of tons of copra had there been proper control. There was no opposition. The RAAF pilots were worked to death, even using Catalinas as dive bombers to attack Jap shipping.

Winston Turner, an Australian war correspondent, later summed it up in an article in the Sydney Sun headed “Singapore in the Solomons”.

D. C. Horton, Author Of "Fire Over The

SOLOMONS", PAYS TRIBUTE TO FELLOW COAST- WATCHER KEN DALRYMPLE-HAY. returned to his esteem if, in his view, they were fundamentally decent people, but he could not stand meanness and was himself a most generous person; although, if he had reason to believe himself unjustly treated, he would pursue the perpetrator of the deed, whether it was government or a private individual, with vigour and vehemence until the matter was settled to his satisfaction or he found that he could get no further.

Our paths crossed in the Islands from time to time and whether I was dealing with him officially or drinking with him, Ken always added a sparkle to the occasion, and when war came to the Solomons he remained behind when he could have left, and did sterling work in removing valuable commercial material from the enemy’s reach. He was then made a Coastwatcher and added lustre to that highly individual body of men.

After the war he threw himself into the commercial side of the rehabilitation of the Solomons and did an enormous amount to prepare the ground for postwar developments. I met him again in Honiara in 1969.

Physically he had become a great deal larger than when I first knew him but fundamentally he had not changed.

He said he could not be bothered to alter his way of life—which continued to exhibit a buccaneering spirit with all its faults and virtues—and on that basis we continued our friendship. I did not see him again and the news of his passing brought a sense of loss. He did a great deal unobtrusively for a number of people and whatever he did was in keeping with the beliefs with which he had enlivened the ways of those who knew him. We shall miss him. 55 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

Yesterday Copra prices was one of the things which marred the celebrations 20 years ago, when PIM recorded that planters in New Guinea, Fiji and the Solomons were planning to take action over the price being paid to copra producers under the British Ministry of Food Contract and the high and increasing price of copra sacks. At that time the MOF price was about £5O a ton. What the row was about was that just after the contract had been negotiated Britain "devalued sterling by at least 30 per cent, in terms of world values," but continued to pay the planters in the depreciated currency, "although the world price of copra has been more than double the amount provided for in the MOF contract." Waxing wrathful, PIM said: "In other words, the British Government, by sheer trickery, has for a year or more been robbing the South Pacific planters of about £3O a ton". Today, 20 years later, when the price of most things has more than doubled, copra is round $l2O a ton.

The complaint PIM had at that time over prices of land in PNG was engendered by the purchase by the Administration of 321 acres of Kila Kila and Korobosea native land for £8,025. The land was for a new suburb of Boroko, Port Moresby. PlM's beef was that £25 an acre was too much to pay for land "in a muggy little valley" at the back of Port Moresby.

Round about this time, four Samoans broke gaol near Apia, shot and wounded a policeman and terrorised the citizens for three days before being rounded up.

Calling the whole thing "Official misjudgment", PIM suggested an inquiry into the "state of mind of the higher authorities who tried to put an end to the gaolbreakers' terrorism by making persuasive gestures and soft, cooing noises."

Immigration policies of governments often get a slating today but not many newspapers said much about that sort of thing 20 years ago when PIM was crusading for the removal of "restrictions placed by the Governments of Australia and New Zealand upon travel by persons of Polynesian and part-Polynesian blood." Said PIM, "The position taken up by New Zealand especially is ridiculous. In her own Maoris, New Zealand has 100,000 Polynesian residents. Yet, if a Niuean, or Tongan, or Samoan, who is of exactly the same race, wants to live in New Zealand, he is barred by the immigration laws."

It was all "typical political silliness," said PIM. Today, of course —and maybe PIM can take some credit— New Zealand has some very large communities of Samoans, Tongans, Cook Islanders and the rest. But Australia hasn't!

Fiji Airways really came into existence 20 years ago as PIM announced at the time, reporting that famous airman Harold Gatty, then a member of the Fiji Legislative Council, had offered to operate the service. The first services would be in the August with a de Havilland Rapide flying three times a week from the airfield at Nausori to Nadi.

It was also planned to bring in a Drover. Fiji Airways has flown a long way since then. PIM bridged the time gap. Last month's issue carried a picture of Fiji Airways latest planned acquisition, a BAC One-Eleven 475 jet, a slight improvement on the Rapide. And, talking about aviation, the 1951 PIM reported the death of Harold John Berryman, one of New Guinea's early aviation pioneers, who introduced the Junkers transport planes into New Guinea in the late 19205.

From a death we come to a wedding in Honolulu with a picture showing the attractive bride, Miss Lily Mansell, of Suva, Fiji. Her bridegroom was Lieut. Arthur S. Schlofman of the United States Naval Air Service. In the absence of her parents, said the report, the bride was escorted to the altar by Rear-Admiral Leon S. Fiske of the United States Navy.

Honiara had some fireworks 20 years ago, but they weren't for the King's Birthday. A fire broke out in an ammunition dump on which an Australian bomb disposal unit was working. A big bang was expected and it was planned to evacuate the women and children, but the fire was put out before it got to the main dump, otherwise there would've been a much bigger bang with 37,000 tons of shells contributing to the upset. Death role was one labourer killed and three injured.

There were two homes on Norfolk Island for sale 20 years ago. One was a modern, three-bedroomed house, fully furnished with linen, crockery and even a new radio— going for £1,500. The second was also a modern home, fully furnished, two bedrooms, dining room, kitchen, etc. with a detached cottage all on a one-acre section on a good road and handy to the shops. The price—£3,500.

Twenty years ago this month, PIM didn't know whether to laugh or to cry. There was so much wrong with the world, particularly with the world of the South Pacific Islands —planters getting a raw deal, native landowners getting too much money for land, Samoan criminals getting out of gaol and Polynesians getting the cold shoulder from the New Zealand immigration authorities —but there was also cause for rejoicing, for a family party.

PIM WAS 21 YEARS OLD.

In that July issue, PlM's founder, R. W. Robson, sat back and looked at his very healthy offspring which had grown from a "broadsheet" selling in the middle of the Depression at six bob a year to a 120-page magazine of a slightly larger format than the present PIM. He recalled its birth in 1930—" when Communism was a joke"— its war years when it refrained from crowing "I told you so" to those it had for years warned of the Japanese menace, his fight to keep his PIM alive in spite of the "incredible difficulties and the silliest and stupidest censorship I ever heard of", and the hundred-and-one obstacles surmounted in the job of shepherding his creation through the teen years to its majority.

Harold Gatty 56 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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From fugitive to governor: The story of Willie Coe IN a new semi-official brochure about the Governors of Guam there is a line which ties in with a bit of Western Samoan and New Guinea history.

It says that William Coe was the first Governor of Guam (acting, from April until August, 1899), after the United States took over Guam from Spain, following the Spanish-American war.

When writing the book Queen Emma of New Guinea a few years ago, I searched unsuccessfully for something authentic about the fate of Willie Coe after he got away from the German Police in New Guinea in the late 1890 s. Now I have it.

William Pritchard Coe, born in 1857, was the son of Jonas M. Coe, first American Agent in Samoa, around 1860-70. He was full brother of Emma Coe, afterwards known as “Queen” Emma of New Guinea. He was a married man of 32, with six children, in 1889, when Britain, Germany and United States were snarling at each other over their commercial and political rights in Samoa.

The situation was ugly. No less than seven warships—three German, three American and one British— were packed into that semi-exposed anchorage behind the reef opposite Apia when, on March 6, 1889, and with little warning, a hurricane swooped down.

Only the British ship, the Calliope, escaped. The six other warships were completely wrecked. The result is shown in the contemporary photograph below.

The former American Agent’s son,

By R. W. Robson

Willie Coe, was the leader of a party of Samoans who gave particular help to the Americans. Willie’s help was formally recognised in a personal letter from the US Navy.

By then, German influence was paramount in Samoa, and Willie hated the Germans. He also was in domestic strife. His Samoan wife, by whom he had had six children, had left him. He divorced her and, taking his children with him, joined his sister Emma in New Guinea, in 1889.

Emma had been there for 10 years.

Already, she had with her there her sister Phoebe (later the well-known Mrs. Parkinson) and her brothers Edward and John, and she was prospering as a trader and planter.

For some years Willie was an active member of Emma’s firm, and his six children were cared for by Emma, All settled in New Guinea, and many of their descendants are there today, Willie married again—a Samoan girl, who died in New Guinea, Some time in the late ’9os, when he was Emma’s manager at Kavieng, Willie got into conflict with the German officials—the record says he was charged with harsh treatment of his native labourers. He was an arrogant man, and the Germans did not like him—they referred to him contemptuously as a creole, There came an occasion celebrated by the hoisting of German flags— probably a royal birthday. Willie did not show a flag. A German official, attended by police, marched along to Willie’s house, gave him terse orders.

Willie got out his German flag, tossed it to one of his servants, and told him to hoist it over the little house which sheltered his latrine. The angry German reported the insult.

Thenceforward, Willie’s name was mud. Sister Emma, at her house at Gunantambu (adjoining Kokopo) got a whisper and sent Willie an urgent message.

German officialdom sought him in vain. They suspected a fine Samoan hand of Emma in this matter, but they left her alone. Emma, by now, was a person of consequence.

The record does not say how Willie Coe got into the Micronesian Islands, while the Spanish-American war was on, but at the end of 1898, when the war ended, and Guam was surrendered to United States by Spain, to be placed in the care of the US Navy, the record does show that “Mr.” William Coe, a civilian, was appointed the first US Naval Governor (acting).

He handed over Guam to Captain Richard Leary in August, 1899, and from then until 1949, the Governorship was invariably held by a naval officer—there were 41 of them, ranking from lieutenants to admirals.

It may be assumed that when Willie Coe escaped from New Guinea, one hop ahead of the Germans, he appealed to the Americans for help, and reminded them of the Apia hurricane; and that he got into Micronesia, and Guam, through their good offices.

After Guam, we lose sight of Willie Coe. But one report—unconfirmed, but I believe authentic—says that he settled in nearby Luzon, in the Philippines (which America took over from the Spaniards) and that he married again and prospered, and that his descendants are there today.

Willie Coe

65 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

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ABSCONDED £3?-CHAfcLBS W. BANKS, an employee of the Express Department of Well#, Fargo & Co having absconded since the first inst., a suitable reward will be paid for any Information given me that will lead to his arrest, J, B. HUME Special officer W., F. & Co„ Room No. 28 W P, * Co.’s Bnilding, 320 Sansotne street.

San Francisco, November 6,1880.

How Banks rode pony express to the Cooks

By William Coppell

Did Charles Wells Banks rob the American firm of Wells Fargo of more than $20,000 and clear off to the Cook Islands to escape retribution? Or did Banks take the rap for others within the firm who stole the money? These questions were asked in these pages in February, when the strange story of Charles Banks was told, partly from his own diaries discovered in the Cooks.

We can now take the story a little further.

PIM’S February account told how the trusted cashier of the famous express department of Wells Fargo, the man-about-town who was so highly thought of by the company which had employed him for 17 years that he was not required to post a fidelity bond, had absconded from his San Francisco office one weekend in 1886 —and how more than $20,000 in cash disappeared with him.

A few months later Banks, under a different name, turned up in Rarotonga, Cook Islands, where he eventually became Government Auditor.

Although his whereabouts became known to Wells Fargo, the firm was unable to get its hands on him because the Cooks were under British protection and there was no extradition treaty with the US.

Banks died in Rarotonga in March, 1915, at the age of 75, and is buried in the LMS graveyard there. He had never left the Cooks, where he lived unobtrusively and modestly. In his declining years he suffered from poverty, this man who was once a member of exclusive San Francisco clubs and a member of society.

That Banks was wanted in the US over the missing $20,000 (there was in fact a reward of $l,OOO posted for him) was known to some people in the Cooks during his lifetime, but Banks put it around that as bookkeeper he had merely been concealing the wrong-doings of others in Wells Fargo who had been speculating with the firm’s money.

Since that story was written I have been in touch with Mr. Harold R.

Arthur, vice president and cashier of Wells Pargo Bank of San Francisco, who has supplied me with a variety of contemporary newspaper reports of Banks’ disappearance, and also makes some relevant comments of his own.

That Banks had tried to put blame on to others was known to Wells Fargo at the time.

Mr. Arthur made a spot check amongst Wells Fargo records (some 4J tons of it having newly arrived from the New York office and still being evaluated) and says that this check has “not brought to light anything to change our previous understanding, to wit: that return of Mr.

Banks to the United States was very clearly wanted in order that he could be questioned and in full probability brought to trial for sole responsibility in connection with the shortage of $20,000 of company funds discovered by audit to be missing immediately following his unannounced and unexpected disappearance”.

Mr. Arthur enclosed photostat copies of newspaper reports of 1886-88, and one from the San Francisco Chronicle of April 19, 1887, quoted E. M. Cooper, the company’s general superintendent, as saying, “There is not a particle of evidence to show that any director or any other employee of the company was concerned with Banks in the matter . . . no credit could be given to such an irresponsible statement”. Mr. Arthur’s view is that it was a “fabrication by Mr. Banks which he may have believed would favourably affect his status in the Cook Islands and his opportunities for finding employment there”.

Other information supplied by the helpful Mr. Arthur shows that Wells Fargo later raised its offer for the return of Banks, and obviously wanted him badly indeed. In addition to paying $l,OOO “for the arrest and delivery of Banks at any jail, in any of the states or territories of the United States”. Wells Fargo offered 25 per cent, of all moneys recovered from Mr. Banks.

The newspaper clippings supplied by Mr. Arthur show that Banks had made careful preparations for his departure from San Francisco on November 1, 1886.

On October 29 he sent his library of scientific and other works and a large microscope to his friend H. P.

Gregory, in payment of a debt of $l,BOO and on October 30 he shifted his lodgings. Detective J. B. Hume, of Wells Fargo, spoke to Banks on the Sunday and noticed that his beard had gone but did not think that anything was amiss.

On the afternoon of the Monday Banks purchased a buckskin money vest and a money belt and later hired an expressman to carry his effects to the barquentine City of Papeete. Before quitting San Francisco he also finalised his financial affairs by selling some stock in a building and loan association. The cheque for this transaction was cashed by Banks with the endorsement of Charles W. Banks and William Seaton, but it was not possible afterwards to locate Seaton and it was presumed that this was a false endorsement.

A new light on Banks’ disappearance was thrown by an advertisement in the San Francisco Chronicle of January 15, 1887, “If the lady who visited the barkentine City of Papeete on Sunday, October 31, 1886, will call at room 28, 320 Sansousi St., she may save herself much unpleasant notoriety”.

A story in the same issue recounted how Banks had been traced to Auckland and that he owed “his downfall to a woman’s wiles”. The story continued, “It was learnt that the exemplary cashier had been lavishing his spare time and money on a woman who is still in the background”.

When the City of Papeete sailed on Monday, November 1, 1886, she had aboard only three passengers, J. Jannot, a French priest, John Scard and C. Courtright. When Scard’s ticket had been paid for, the information was volunteered that Scard was an invalid going to the Islands for his health. Banks had inspected his cabin on November 28 and “the following day he again visited the vessel in the company of a woman, who is believed to have been the cause of his downfall. The pair remained on board about an hour, then took their departure”.

Continued on p. 124 67 NTHLY JULY, 1971

Pacific Islands Mo

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Book Reviews

Missionary In Advance Of His Time

There’s a story that the vast reaches of Melanesia were originally included in the Anglican diocese of New Zealand through a slip of the pen.

According to this story, New Zealand’s northern ecclesiastical limit was laid down, in error, as 34 degrees north, instead of 34 degrees south.

Well, mistake or not, that definition was also to define the life and death of a 19th century Englishman whose memory is venerated in the Islands— lohn Coleridge Patteson, first Bishop of Melanesia.

This year the centenary of his martyrdom is being commemorated and we now have, topically, a new record of his life and death, Martyr of the Islands, written by a former High Commissioner of the Western Pacific, Sir lohn Gutch.

It’s a straightforward account, workmanlike and readable. It will make the reader want to know more than the book has to offer.

It is based mainly on Patteson’s own letters, many of which appeared in a life of Patteson, written soon after his death. But the author claims that there are also many which throw new light on Patteson himself and on his relations with others.

As the author observes, “It would be difficult to find a greater contrast to the savage and uncertain scene in Melanesia than the comfortable surroundings of upper class Victorian England into which the young Patteson was born”.

Patteson showed religious leanings early: by the age of five he was reading the Bible regularly and at about this age he also first conceived the idea of going into the Church. There is something a trifle unnerving about such inclinations at such an age, so it comes as a relief to learn that the child Patteson was rather lazy and given to “displays of will and temper”.

Still, by the time he had been through Eton and Oxford, we find that he was “an unusually engaging voung man who made friends easily”, tall, well built and a fine cricketer. Attractive, maybe, but hardly very likely material for pioneering mission work on the other side of the world.

However, the seed had in fact been sown some time back. While still a boy, Patteson had been deeply impressed by a sermon preached by the brand-new Bishop of New Zealand, George Augustus Selwyn.

“In fact, he confided to his mother afterwards that it was his greatest wish to go out with Bishop Selwyn when he grew up”. The dream remained dormant for more than 12 years.

Then in 1854 he had a little talk with Bishop Selwyn, who was on a visit to England, and by next year Patteson was on his way to the antipodes.

Once out there, any remaining trace of laziness seems to have vanished utterly.

During his 16 years in the Pacific Patteson travelled constantly, built up a flourishing training college for Melanesians, did a prodigious amount of translation work, cared passionately for his people, and generally “set the framework for the extension of the Anglican church in Melanesia”.

Sir lohn Gutch has chosen his quotes well, to point up Patteson’s wry sense of humour and his ability to turn a vivid phrase. We also get some idea of what the author calls “the fascinating association of these two very different characters—Selwyn domineering, decisive, indefatigable: Patteson gentle, at times diffident, but in his way just as determined”.

Yet the pull of these two characters and the shifting action between New Zealand and Melanesia are somehow rather unsettling influences on the reader. I wasn’t quite sure whose biography I was really reading; and I became as interested in New Zealand as I did in Melanesia. There’s quite a sense of disappointment as Selwyn and New Zealand gradually fade out of the book.

Church workers particularly should find this book worth while, not only because it’s an edifying story about a bishop and martyr, but also because Patteson faced many problems and held many views which have a startlingly familiar, modern, ring about them.

And Gutch has some interesting thoughts about what Patteson would make of the Melanesian scene now.

On racism, Patteson was there a hundred years before us —“any form of racial discrimination was anathema to him”. He believed that if was to grow and last, the church in Melanesia had to be built by Melanesians, using their culture and customs and leaning as little as possible on expatriate help. This is a “modern” concept among today’s churches.

Patteson also had liberal views on co-operation between the churches that wouldn’t fit in too badly with the ecumenical scene in 1971.

Like many missionaries today, Patteson was shocked and distressed by the effect of European settlement and influence. He found drink “a great and raging evil”, and there were bitter disputes over land.

Almost certainly it was one of these culture clashes which resulted in his death.

For years, life in the Islands had been getting more difficult and dangerous because of “blackbirding”—

Political Parties

In New Guinea

A history of political parties in Papua New Guinea is to be published by Lansdown Press next February, in time for the PNG general elections.

IPs the result of four years work by David Stephen, of Melbourne, who describes it as an attempt to explain the present political party structure of the territory through historical observation. The book covers influence of political bodies from other countries and begins in the 1920’s with a branch of the Kuomintang. The Australian Labor Party has made eight attempts to form PNG branches since 1938. The Mataungan Association and Pangu Party are discussed fully. 69 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

: IP, »• 1C Press ra m H For further details and Booklists please write to Australian National University Press, Canberra, A.C.T. 2600, Australia.

virtually a slave trade in Pacific Islanders for the sugar plantations of Queensland and Fiji. The Islanders naturally resented this and began to retaliate.

There are various versions (which Gutch says he hasn’t tried to assess) of what actually happened to Patteson, but it is generally accepted that he was killed in revenge for some outrage committed by white traders.

At any rate, on September 20, 1871, after 10 years as Bishop of Melanesia, Patteson “went ashore at the little island of Nukapu, well knowing the risk which he ran, and there, in the words inscribed on the iron cross set up near the shore in his memory, his life was taken by men for whom he would gladly have given it”.— Susan Young. (MARTYR OF THE ISLANDS: Life and death of John Coleridge Patteson. Hodder and Stoughton. Price $6.35 approx.).

Bobby Gibbes-The Pilot'S Pilot

There used to be a legend about Bobby Gibbes in flying circles in New Guinea that he had worked out the only way to survive a Norseman crash. Gibbes, the legend had it, claimed the drill was to slew the plane round sharply at the moment of impact so that the engine would go one way and the load would go another. The pilot would then pop out safely like a fresh green pea out of a pod.

I believed the story as an article of faith then, and even though James Sinclair doesn’t mention this in his excellent Sepik Pilot I still believe it could be true.

Gibbes was—and probably still is —a pilot’s pilot. It is inevitable that engine failures will occur in a heavily loaded single-engined plane and sooner or later one will go in.

Collecting an engine in one’s lap and the load in one’s kidneys is not the way for a pilot to grow old in the service. This is why I believed Gibbes had a workable plan to handle a Norseman crash and if he should read this, I hope he will put it on the record. The Norseman involved in the airdrop above, photographed by author Sinclair, did in fact later crash but Gibbes was not at the controls.

This was, of course, in the days of New Guinea’s second B 4 [meaning Before the War], an era which ended around 1959 when all of a sudden Papua and New Guinea became institutionalised. The re-pioneering period after World War II ended about then.

And in the New Guinea flying game, the date was measured by the departure of Qantas and the arrival of TAA and Ansett (which swallowed up MAL).

Nostalgia, as an American friend pointed out to me the other day, isn’t the same as it used to be. But the nostalgia felt by those who participated in this exciting postwar Papua New Guinea is entirely legitimate. It is a form of pride. Only now is the magnitude of the accomplishments of those days becoming clear.

There are many who took part in this period who would be embarrassed to be considered pioneers and to have books written about them in their own lifetime.

But James Sinclair’s story of Gibbes and the elan of Gibbes Sepik Airways proves that these stories need to be told, because this period is slipping away from us far faster than the mere passage of years. Deputy District Commissioner Sinclair is himself one of the re-pioneers of Gibbes’ time.

It makes me sound like an original 84. But the excuse I plead is that the period from 1945 to 1960 was tremendously exciting and saw accomplishments that Australia should be conscious of, instead of—in an embarrassment about imagined Australian imperialism—trying to sweep them under the carpet.

Bobby Gibbes was one of those people that the era produced and the era suited. He was in his time a rebel when everyone would have preferred to be a rebel rather than a member of the establishment. He was courageous in trying to establish an independent airline and physically brave so yery often in fulfilling his responsibilities that bravery was routine.

But knight errantry had to end sooner or later. And Gibbes Sepik Airways had to be sold out to MAT, just before MAL in its own turn became part of Ansett.

In any society you come to a watershed, and Gibbes and New Guinea as a whole reached this around 1959.

All that pioneering work suddenly paid off. Australia started to pump in money in larger and larger lumps.

The requirement in aviation—and in many other forms of business— was for bigness and capital. Gibbes just couldn’t become big, for GSA was too personal a creation for that.

Gibbes just never had capital—the whole adventure would never have taken place if the airline had had access to millions—and always it got through on hundreds, or nothing.

A personal business, particularly in aviation, always faces the danger that success will turn it into an anachronism. So it was with Gibbes Sepik Airways. But wherever territory people meet, Bobby Gibbes and his Norsemans will remain a legend. James Sinclair has done well to recall those days in a book which is not only exciting, most readable and an historical record but captures the atmosphere of a period when a man could stamp his own personality on a country. And that’s what Gibbes—and so many others—did.

John Stackhouse. (SEPIK PILOT. Lansdowne. $5.50).

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLI - J D L Y , 1971

People • Mr. J. E. Wakeford, who has retired as District Commissioner for the West Sepik District of New Guinea, will be replaced from July 1 by Mr. B. Bunting, Deputy District Commissioner for Morobe, who has been with the PNG government since 1947. Another PNG retirement at the end of June is that of Mr. lan Skinner, Director of Civil Defence since 1965, and a government man since 1937. He’s a wartime New Guinea Coastwatcher, and, like Mr. Wakeford, one of the old brigade of NG men who are fast disappearing from the scene. He’ll retire to Queensland.

New Director of Civil Defence will be Mr. W. J. Johnson, a Deputy District Commissioner. District Administration, Port Moresby, who joined the administration as a patrol officer in 1946. • Air Melanesia’s lone French pilot. Captain Pierre Suchet, has been awarded a special medal by the French Navy. The medal, le Medaille d’Aeronautique, was presented to him at Noumea at the end of May. Captain Suchet flew with the French Navy for 20 years and piloted DC4s out of Noumea. • Because she didn’t want her father to know she was making a bid for fame via stage talent quests. Miss Fiapaipai Faleauto Taua Williams changed her mouthful of name to Fia Chaplin. Now she’s a well-known pop singer in New Zealand and has also sung in Australia. Fia, who left Western Samoa with her parents at the age of four, has just been on a visit to her homeland, the first for 22 years.

Her relations in Samoa found that she hasn’t forgotten a word of Samoan. • Fiji, with the Queen’s approval, is establishing formal diplomatic relations with Israel. The first Israeli Ambassador to Fiji will be Mr. Moshe Erell, who will combine the job with his present one, Ambassador in Australia. He is expected to present his credentials to Fiji’s Governor-General, Sir Robert Foster, in Suva in July.

Mr. Erell is also non-resident Ambassador to New Zealand. There s no news yet of Fiji making a reciprocal appointment. • Mr. R. Turpin, on transfer from the Solomons, has been appointed secretary to the Leader of Government Business in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony in place of Mr.

J. B. McCaig, who has retired. Mr.

Turpin is no stranger to Tarawa. He served in the colony from 1950 to 1963. Another appointment named in Tarawa is that of Mr. D. M. Freegard as chairman of the Copra Board.

He succeeds Mr. A. V. Hughes. • Four New Hebridean teachers will leave for England in August or September for a year’s study at UK universities. They are Willie Kupa, of lenaula School, Tanna (University of Birmingham), Aman Ngwero, of Londua School, Aoba (Cambridge), Joe Joseph, of Lenakel School, Tanna (Oxford) and Samuel Buie, of Toli School. Pentecost (Moray House College of Education, Edinburgh). • Tonga’s Free Wesleyan Church has got its first local-born president, the Rev. Dr. Sione ’Amanaki Havea, who was elected at the annual conference at Vavau at the end of May.

Dr. Havea is the former secretary of the conference and principal of Sia’atoutai Bible College. • A date has now been set for the official retirement of Mr. P. T. W.

Black, as general manager of Burns Philp and Co. Ltd. (PIM, June, p. 114). It’s July 9, and as predicted in PIM he will be succeeded by Mr.

Maurice O’Connor.

It is not uncommon for employees of Burns Philp and Co. Ltd. to serve the “big firm” for 40, 50 or more years. Three who also retire in July aggregated 152 years’ service. They are Mr. R. W. Peel, assistant secretary (56 years), Mr. P. B. Macpherson, engineers’ department (49 years) and Mr. A. G. Monteith, manager of the insurance department (47 years). • Mr. David Barnes, Fiji’s Commissioner of Inland Revenue since 1957, has retired and is succeeded by the Deputy Commissioner, Mr.

Surendra Singh. Mr. Barnes arrived in Fiji as a soldier with the New Zealand Forces in 1940 and joined the Treasury on demobilisation in 1945. He was transferred to the Inland Revenue Department in 1949. A devout Anglican, Mr. Barnes is staying in Fiji to become Secretary of the Diocese in Polynesia. Mr. Singh, his successor, has a Bachelor of Commerce degree from Otago University in New Zealand and spent three years with the UK Revenue Department. • A New Zealand television documentary producer and interviewer has been appointed director of educational broadcasts in Fiji.

He is 35-year-old Mr. lan Johnstone.

His main job will be training broadcasters but he will also work in the adult education field and help to establish a central library of tape recordings. • PNG’s Ministerial Member for Education and MHA for East New Britain, Matthias Toliman was created a Commander of the British Empire (CBE) in the Queen’s Birthday Honours List in June.

That doyen of NG missionaries, who first went to the Highlands in 1934, Father William Ross, SVD. was awarded an honorary OBE, honorary because he is an American.

The OBE also went to Sister Mary Camillus (Miss Ethel Florence Gilham), of Port Moresby and an MBE (civil) to Soa Übia of West New Britain. Also in the Commonwealth list was Captain Brett Hilder, well known in the Pacific, particularly in New Guinea and Melanesia, as a ship’s master. He was awarded the MBE for services to navigation. A Fijian anthropologist with a doctorate in philosophy, Dr. Rusiate Nayacakalou topped the Fiji list with an OBE. He is the manager of the Fiji Native Land Trust Board which handles all the affairs connected with the land owned by the Fijians. Fiji awards included MBEs which went to Suva businessman, Mr. B. S. Seeto, a leader of the Chinese community in Suva, Mr. H.

Captain Brett Milder, MBE, as seen by himself. 72 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

M. Lodhia, chairman of the Nadi Township Board, and Mr. Edmond Llewellyn Ashley, hotelier and former chairman of the Levuka Township Board. Two New Hebrides residents were also honoured by the Queen. They are the Yen, Derek Rawcliffe, Archdeacon of Melanesia, who was awarded the OBE, and Mr. Michael Ala, president of the Aoba Local Council, made an MBE. Another MBE was awarded to Rev. losia Toamia, secretary of the Ellice Islands Protestant Church. • Taulapapa Faimaala, Western Samoa’s first and only woman member of Parliament and Deputy Speaker, will lead the country’s threemember delegation to the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association’s meeting in Malaysia in September.

Other members of the delegation will be Su’a Aloese and Tom Oott. The Speaker, Magele Ate, and the Clerk of the House, George Fepuleai, were chosen to attend the three-day conference in Suva in June of the fourth annual Australasian conference of presiding officers and clerks of Parliament, the first held outside Australia. • Mr. Alfred Watson, chief general manager of Emperor Gold Mining Co. Ltd., left Fiji on June 8 after 14 years at Vatukoula. He went to Fiji as assistant general manager, became general manager in 1964 and chief general manager five years later. In the same year, he was appointed chief general manager of mining operations for the Loloma Mining Corporation in Australia. Back in Australia he will concentrate on Loloma’s mining operations. • Prince Marc Pomare, 17, a member of the long-superseded Royal family of Tahiti, left Tahiti for France at the end of April to continue his studies at a school in Normandy. The prince is the eldest of the six children of the late Prince Louis Pomare, who was accidentally killed in March, 1965 (PIM, May, 1965, p. 157). • Mr. Fofo Sunia, American Samoa’s tourism director for the past three years, will leave his post in July to become a fulltime member of Samoa’s Senate. His successor has not been named, although talk in Pago Pago has it tourism could be put under the control of the Government Office of Information headed by former Hawaii resident, Ed Engledow. • Mr. Homer L’Heureux has been appointed manager of the Guam Continental Travelodge and Continental Travelodges at Truk and Koror. He’s already worked with Travelodges in Hawaii. • Mr. Doug Brown, Fiji’s Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forests, returned home on June 11 after visits with his wife to Taiwan, where they were the guests of the Republic of China, and to Australia. He said in Suva that he had talks in Taiwan with ministers who saw the possibility of aid for Fiji in the areas in Mr. Brown’s portfolio. Ovbiously on the lookout for anything which might help Fiji, Mr. Brown had talks in Canberra with the Israeli Ambassador, Mr. Moshe Erell, who imbued Mr, Brown with the hope that Israel would perhaps aid Fiji through the loan of agricultural engineering specialists. • Mr. Jack F. Tittle, area manager for the US Federal Aviation Agency in American Samoa, retired at the end of May after five and a half years service. He will make his home in Australia. His successor is Mr. Melvin Larsen. • India’s High Commissioner in Fiji since 1969, Mr. A. P. Venkateswaran was to return to New Delhi in June with his tour completed. His successor, Mr. Bhagwan Singh, was expected to arrive in Fiji on June 29.

After occupying several official posts in Uttar Pradesh State, Mr. Singh was appointed joint secretary to the Ministry of Rehabilitation. He has also served as managing director of the National Mineral Development Corporation, Commissioner of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi and Tea Board chairman. • Captain Gerry Douglas, Superintendent of Marine in the Solomons has retired after 19 years with the Western Pacific High Commission. He joined the commission as a marine officer in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands. He was appointed Superintendent of Marine there in 1957 and transferred to the Solomons in 1964.

With the Sydney Opera House as a fitting background—it's worth looking at too — Fiji's Miss Hibiscus 1970, Adi Tolatoka Lalabalavu, makes an attractive picture.

She was in Sydney for the day—sometime in May—while on her way to 'spend" her first prize, a two-week holiday tour of Japan provided by Qantas.

When she's not winning beauty prizes, Adi Tolatoka is teaching at the Savarekareka RC School in Savusavu. 73 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY J U L Y , 1971

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Pacific Shipping Mixed results on PNG, Fiji freight increases Three major shipping companies servicing Papua New Guinea from Australian east coast ports refused to accede to a request from the Department of External Territories to delay applying a 9 per cent, freight increase. The increase is to come into effect on July 1.

But in NZ, the Union Steam Ship Co. gave in to protests against a temporary increased surcharge on some goods between NZ and Fiji but later announced an overall freight increase.

The companies concerned are Conpac (Burns Philp and Australia-West Pacific Line), New Guinea Australia Line and Karlander. A fourth company, Nauru Pacific Shipping Lines, was considering whether it would increase its freight charges for the Australia-PNG service.

The new freight rates come on top of a 15 per cent, increase which applied from March 1. According to a spokesman for Conpac, after going over figures it was found that the 15 per cent, increase was inadequate to cover losses occurring on the service.

In addition, since March 1, stevedoring and port charges and other costs had risen.

An Australia-New Guinea Line spokesman said the 9 per cent, increase had been discussed with the PNG Government. The rise was needed to cover increased labour costs in Australia.

A spokesman for Karlander gave similar reasons, and added that although wages for labour had risen, there had been no increase in productivity.

His firm had replied to the request to delay the increases by saying it “could not subsidise the territory”.

The department merely asked Naum Pacific Shipping Lines if it was going to put up its charges. This line operates on the same basis in relation to PNG as the other companies. The line is “examining the position”.

It was reported soon after the new freight rates were announced that Australian Government ministers would discuss ways to block it. The External Territories Minister, Mr.

Barnes, made a strong attack on the increase.

He described it as “quite a serious matter” and a hidden tariff for exporters to PNG. The shipping lines would be asked to justify the increase, to give greater consideration to shippers, and make provision for cases of hardship.

In a later statement Mr. Barnes said the increase had not come about from any change in conditions in PNG, “where much had been done in recent years to encourage efficient shipping methods and to improve port facilities”. He gave details of new wharves under construction and he said it was hoped that World Bank assistance might be obtained for further port improvements.

Mr. Barnes had support from this year’s Visiting UN Mission to PNG, which, in its report to the UN in May criticised the 15 per cent, increase (it knew nothing about the extra 9 per cent.) as anomalous. The mission suggested that differential rates be worked out for the four better-equipped territory ports. It added that people, especially in New Ireland, had told the mission they wanted to see a New Guinea shipping company established. The report comments: “Although their petition ignores the cost of setting up and maintaining a fleet, it shows that producers are not satisfied with the way in which the export of copra and cocoa is at present being handled by the private shipping companies”.

Bowing to pressure from the Fiji Government and to protests from Fiji business organisations, the Union Steam Ship Company has lifted the S 4 a ton surcharge which it had slapped on to freight to Fiji.

The surcharge the company announced in May was to enable it to recoup its losses caused by the Fiji’s month-long dockworkers’ strike.

The Suva Chamber of Commerce, which represents the big Australianowned trading firms, and the Suva Indian Chamber of Commerce, representing most of the Suva Indian merchants, took a dim view of the surcharge and hinted at moves to boycott New Zealand goods and obtain supplies from elsewhere.

The Union Steam Ship Company had Fiji traders dizzy with its onagain, off-again announcements of a S 4 a ton surcharge on goods to Fiji,

In The News This Month

Bodmer Capitaine Cook Challenge China bear Coral Chief Driftwood Elhari Eolo Falkinger Finisterre Gitana Golden Bear Hadar Hotonui Island Chief Japan Bear Jean Philippe Karloo Lahedo Marata Manutai Robert A. Deßrum New Guinea Chief Nimos Nomad Pacific Bear Pacific Star Philippine Bear Rendezvous Rosina Sea Lion Seaspray Spirit of Barbary Tagua Tenos Thallo Thomas E. Cuffe Unbound Undine Viani Princess Wallacia Wantok West Star Windsong Any offers? This forlorn sight met the eyes of potential buyers of the wrecked Fiji motor ship "Melanesia" as she lay water-logged in shallow water off Suva's waterfront in June. She was badly damaged when she went aground on a reef near Kadavu in December. She was refloated in January and towed back to Suva by the "Leiyadali". 75 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

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but after agreeing to limit the increase to goods not under price control it shocked the dominion with an announcement that it would drop the surcharge after the Taveuni left Auckland on July 1 and would slap on a general Pacific freight increase.

This is expected to operate from about the middle of July.

Later, there was another shock— this time from London where shipping lines including Port Line, Shaw Savill and New Zealand Shipping Co. announced that they will place a surcharge of SUSI.3O per 40 cu. ft/20 cwt on all freight from UK to Fiji ports from July 15. More companies, including some operating between NZ and Island ports, are expected to follow.

There were angry retorts from Fiji, Mr. Chimanlal R. Narsey, president of the Suva Indian Chamber of Commerce, accusing the London shippers of using the Fiji dock strike “as a tool to increase their charges instead of helping to build up the economy of Fiji”. He also prophesied more increases from companies operating out of Sydney, Hong Kong.

Singapore and Japan.

The Fiji National Federation Party leader, Mr. S. M. Koya, called the surcharges “malpractice of the highest order” and advocated the establishment of a national shipping line.

Using Lash In

S. Pacific Trade

Pacific Far East Line executives are examining the possibility of using LASH (lighter aboard ship) vessels in the Australia-South Pacific trade.

The first of six such ships, the Thomas E. Cuffe, has been launched in New Orleans (pictured top right).

Two sister LASH ships, the Golden Bear and the Pacific Bear, will also be launched this year, and three more, Japan Bear, China Bear and Philippine Bear are expected to go into service in 1972.

The LASH system allows ships to load and unload away from wharves at a suitable harbour anchorage.

Cargo is carried in specially-constructed 61 ft lighters, which are lifted from the ship by crane into the water and then towed by tug to the point of delivery. The procedure is reversed for loading.

The operation was designed to overcome delays caused by port congestion. Each LASH ship is 820 ft long, with a beam of 100 ft and can carry 49 lighters of 415 ton capacity and 334 standard 20 ft containers.

Master Suspended

After Sinking

Sunia Vosaki, a Fiji ship’s master, has had his certificate suspended ijr six months for the loss of the Viani Princess. A marine court of inquiry found that the master lost his ship through negligence.

The Viani Princess, 135 tons, sank in September. 1970, after striking a reef off Lekubi Point, Vanua Levu.

NEW STARS

In Polynesia

Westours Inc., of Seattle, are now operating two tours in Polynesia, one with the West Star (Papeete-Pago Pago-Apia-Nukualofa-Suva), and the second with the Pacific Star, covering Tahiti, Raiatea, Bora Bora, Huahine, Rangiroa and Moorea.

The West Star, 5,500 tons, will add Rarotonga to her itinerary, and will call there 14 times between December, 1971, and April, 1972. She recently made an unscheduled visit to Rarotonga.

Cook Islands tourist interests are hopeful that the entry of the West Star into their area will generate similar tours by rival tourist organisations.

The West Star carries a maximum of 220 passengers.

The Pacific Star, 2,600 tons, with a capacity for 152 passengers, leaves Tahiti each Tuesday for an 800 miles tour through the Society Islands and the Tuamoto Archipelago. The ship is air-conditioned, and has private facilities in all cabins.

She is small enough to drop anchor inside the reef at each island on her itinerary.

Training Steps Up

New Guinea Australia Line P/L, the territory’s affiliate of Hong Kongbased China Navigation, has now trained over 50 Papuans for jobs as deck crew on its Chief ships.

The company began a training school in Port Moresby two years ago.

Now two of NGAL’S sideport loaders, Coral Chief and Island Chief have all-Papuan, 14-man deck crews.

Another 14 Papuans trained at the school will find sea-going jobs when NGAL’s third ship, the New Guinea Chief, begins service in late June.

Trainees, to date, have come from the Moresby and Milne Bay areas; in future, according to the company’s manager, Mr. Clive Shakerley, they’ll also be selected from the north coast of the NG mainland.

Captain Don Hutchinson, master of the Coral Chief, has a high regard for his Papuan seamen and says they have a great potential.

Chief training officer, Mr. Bill Elton, senior chief officer of China Navigation, was seconded to NGAL to run the school. • While it will continue hiring as many qualified seamen as possible from the Gilbert and Ellice Islands marine training scheme at Tarawa, Columbus Line has decided not to train any seamen from the school as ship’s officers. But China Navigation, of Hong Kong, has set up an officers’ training scheme for some of its Tarawa recruits.

Samson, a 20-year-old bachelor from the Milne Bay District, who was trained at the Port Moresby school for seamen, works a crane aboard one of NGAL's ships. 77 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

For All Your Ship Repairs

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Wewak'S New

Wharf Open Soon

The $750,000 new overseas wharf at Wewak, New Guinea, is expected to be in use about the middle of August. The wharf is 240 ft long and has a causeway of 1,500 ft. One overseas ship only will be able to berth at a time.

At present ships are unloaded by a lighterage system, using small boats.

The "Robert A. Debrum"

A new addition to the US Trust Territory fleet was christened at Saipan in May, only about a month after the death of the man who has given his name to the ship—the MV Robert A. Deßrum.

Captain A. Robert Deßrum, commodore of Micronesia Interocean Line, Inc., died on April 16 at Saipan’s Dr. Torres Hospital.

His widow officially christened the MV Robert A. Deßrum in a dockside ceremony. An ex-US Navy vessel, the Robert A. Deßrum is 177 ft long and displaces 400 tons. She is commanded by Captain Tetrick J. Melander of Kusaie.

New Ship For

THE COOKS In Denmark in search of a replacement for the Tagua, wrecked off Mangaia Island on December 15 (PIM, Jan., p. 90), Mr. Don Silk, of Silk and Boyd Ltd., of Rarotonga, has bought a IOJ-year-old Danish coaster.

Mik, which as the Manutai (Bird of the Sea) will be Cooks’ biggest ship.

Powered by a five cylinder diesel engine, the Manutai can reach 10 knots and has space for 400 tons of general cargo and 300 tons of copra.

She has a draught of only 9 ft, a single large hatch and two derricks, each of three tons capacity. According to Mr.

Silk, the Manutai is a little larger than current requirements warrant but the company is confident she will be paying her way in five years. They hope to develop more trade with Tahiti. Mr. F. Hendricks, the Bodmer’s engineer, who was to fly to Denmark to take charge of the Manutai, will load cargo in Copenhagen and other European ports before sailing to Rarotonga. • Construction of two large steelframed cargo sheds at Avatiu harbour.

Rarotonga, was well underway in June.

Shipping briefs SO far as registration of ships is concerned, Tonga may become the Liberia of the South Pacific.

According to King Taufa’ahau, several overseas companies had said they wanted to register their ships in Tonga and crew them with Tongans.

Opening parliament in June, the King said that if the Pacific Islands Producers’ Association decided to go ahead with a regional shipping line based on the Tonga Shipping Agency, the kingdom would be ready to enter the project with bigger ships. It was already planning to buy a patrol boat to guard its sea boundaries. • Another move in the Pacific Islands Producers Association’s plan to establish a regional shipping line will be taken soon in Nukualofa.

PIPA’s secretariat in Suva has sent out a circular to the six member governments suggesting a meeting in the Tongan capital of a joint working party. If established, the shipping line will be based on the facilities of the Tonga Shipping Agency. 78 JULY. 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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• Vila’s first slipway is ready to take its first craft. The slipway has been built by British Works on Iririki Island at a cost of about $5,000, and will take vessels up to 36 tons.

Built of concrete, it is 80 ft long and 10 ft wide and has a cradle running on rails. • The Societe Francaise de Navigation (Sofrana) will launch a new freezer and general cargo service between New Zealand and Papua New Guinea ports, via other islands, with the Capitaine Cook. After New Zealand the Capitaine Cook will call at Noumea, Honiara, Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul and Kieta. • Conpac have reorganised their services from Sydney and Brisbane to Papua New Guinea. The Tenos will now service Lae in place of the Nimos, as she is a larger ship and better equipped to handle all Lae requirements.

The Nimos has been switched to the service terminating at Port Moresby. Her cargo-handling facilities are considered better suited to Port Moresby. • Fiji has two hydrofoils, the first ever seen in the country. They have been bought by Mr. Dick Smith for his Castaway Island resort on the island of Qalito to ferry tourists.

Built in Holland and cruising at 24 knots, the craft can cover the distance from the island to Lautoka in 55 minutes compared with 2\ hours taken by the ketch Seas pray. • The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) and the Fiji Agriculture Department have chartered a Japanese fishing boat for a tuna fishing feasibility study in Fiji waters. A Fiji crew will be given onthe-job training in pole-and-line fishing, a method used by Japanese and Hawaiian skip-jack fisheries. • pie Keia Boat Company, of Mangaia Island in the Cooks, expect delivery from New Zealand about August of a single-screw steel barge which will be used for the lighterage of pineapple cargoes at Mangaia.

The barge, 32 ft long with a 12 ft beam, is being built at Whangarei. • A seaman was injured when an explosion in the engine-room of a New Zealand ship, the Hotonui, blew out a crankcase door while the ship was on her way from Noumea to Suva on June 13.

The seaman, John Langi, was later transferred to a Norwegian ore carrier, the Falkinger, and taken to Suva.

With engines crippled, the Hotonui 79 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

Bauer High Pressure

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Clark Aluminium Boats • Nihon Diving Equipment

Swiftcraft • Pacific Diving Salvage Contractors

sent out an SOS and her position was pinpointed for the search and rescue organisation by a Qantas Boeing 707.

Towed for 150 miles by the Fiji tug Wallacia, the Hotonui reached Suva on June 15. Owned by Luggate Game Packers Ltd., of New Zealand, she was used to process and freeze meat in the New Hebrides. • The MV Marata, that’s the name the Melan-Chine Shipping Co. has chosen for the Solomons’ first allpassenger vessel. And the name was chosen by competition. Winners were Mr. Bobby Ledi of the Port Authority in Honiara and Mr. F. Soaki of the Police Department. They each receive a radio set as a prize. More than 200 letters were received suggesting names for the 50 ft vessel which will be in service in July. • A suction dredge bought by the Cooks Government from the Bay Dredging Co. of Tauranga, New Zealand, has arrived at Rarotonga. It will be used to deepen Avatiu harbour, where both the Thallo and Jean Philippe have previously grounded on a mudbank when attempting to turn fully loaded at low tide.

When deepening is completed the harbour will be able to accommodate Thallo, Jean Philippe and a small oil tanker all at the same time.

Cruising Yachts • DRIFTWOOD, a 27 ft cutter with Ray Dark and Margaret Orr on board, arrived in Gizo, in the Solomons towards the end of May on a voyage from Queensland. Their next destination is Bougainville and they hope to work at Kieta. • RENDEZVOUS, a yacht once owned by Allen Lucas, is now at Kieta. • KARLOO, 30 ft Waterwitchclass sloop with owners Geoffrey and Ruth Goodman on board sailed into Nukualofa on May 17 from Whangarei, NZ. Originally from Melbourne, Australia, the Goodmans cruised for 18 months off the Queensland coast and spent six months on New Zealand’s northeast coast.

Geoffrey and Ruth recommend yachtsmen to make a call at Lord Howe Island. They fell for the place in 1969 when they spent five weeks there on their way north, and then wiled away another four weeks on the island last November when on their way to New Zealand. • ROSIN A 1, 5 ton sloop, arrived at Rarotonga from Tauranga, New Zealand on May 7 and left on May 13 for Aitutaki and Palmerston Islands. If the weather proved favourable, plans were to sail to Niue; if unfavourable to carry on to Tonga.

The yacht is skippered by New Zealander Peter Luxmore and he has a mixed crew of New Zealanders and Englishmen. They are M. I. Knapton, P. B. Crispin and D. M. Jones— all Englishmen and L. S. Ormandy, I. A. Strachan and D. E. Kent, all Kiwis. • SEA LION, 28 ft gaff-rigged cutter with skipper-owner William R.

Corry and his four-year-old daughter Briefn, on board, left Rarotonga for Suva, on May 12. Mr. Corry is a US citizen. His previous Pacific ports of call were the Marquesas and Tuamotus Islands and Tahiti. • CHALLENGE, a black-hulled sloop, arrived at Rarotonga on May 11, sailed single-handed by Henri Cordovero, who had previously visited Noumea and Tahiti. The yacht is registered at Toulon, France. 80 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

# • • * •• CORAL QUEEN BY KIND PERMISSION OF CROWLEY AIRWAYS PTY, LTD “Surely an engine that gives IS years trouble-free service ... deserves an award?” i X mm Ml ■■ ■ m m Since Gardner Twin BL3 engines were installed in the M.V. Coral Queen over 15 years ago this 100 ft. charter boat (owned by Crowley Airways Pty. Ltd. and illustrated above) has logged thousands of miles . . . without any major repairs.

And that's just typical of the incredible performance of Gardner powered craft. Gardner Engines provide the highest degree of efficiency and durability, minimum fuel consumption and exceptional power to weight ratio for all marine duties.

SERVICE FACILITIES AND SPARE PARTS AVAILABLE FROM:— KNOX SCHLAPP rs 135-139 McEvoy Street, Alexandria, N.S.W., 2015 Tel. 69-8333. Telegrams: “Knoxschlap” Sydney Agents in the Pacific Islands and N.S.W. for Gardner Diesels — Marine Generating Automotive Rail Traction Sub-Distributors: • S. A. HEATH & CO. PTY. LTD., PORT MORESBY

• Kwan How Yuan Pty. Ltd., Honiara & Gizo

• Toboi Ship Building Company, Rabaul

* OR THROUGH YOUR USUAL SUPPLY SOURCE. gm/i Challenge’s next port of call is Noumea. • EOLO, 55 ft cutter, arrived at Rarotonga from the Bay of Islands, NZ, May 14 with W. M. and Shirley Sanders, Nancy Sanders, Paul and Ruth Winter. John Berdahl and Bronwyn Webb on board. Miss Webb had travelled to Rarotonga to visit her family there. Eolo planned to stay a week at Rarotonga then visit Papeete, the Tuamotus and Marquesas Islands before returning to Hawaii.

Last year the yacht visited Rarotonga in October during a voyage of the South Pacific that started in Hawaii and took in the Society Islands, Aitutaki, Rarotonga, Tonga and New Zealand. Eolo’s crew spent six months in New Zealand. • HADAR, 37 ft sloop, arrived at Rarotonga from Auckland on May 13 with skipper B. D. den Hollander and Arthur G. Franklin on board.

During the voyage they were hove to for three days during a storm and also had engine trouble. Plans were to visit Aitutaki, Mauke, the northern Cooks, Tahiti, Hawaii and the United States. • ELHARI, a black-hulled cutter, arrived at Rarotonga in mid-May from Hawaii and Penrhyn with skipper-owner Graham Hallen and Penrhyn Islanders Bob Makera and Tekera Andrew on board. Mr. Hallen planned to stay at least a month in Rarotonga and to apply for a work permit. Elhari visited Rarotonga in July last year from Whangarei, NZ, then left for Hawaii via Suwarrow and Penrhyn Islands. • WINDSONG, 32 ft Woolacott cutter from New Zealand, left Port Moresby in June for South Africa.

Owners Steve and Karen Zador, and baby son Zolan, plan to spend a month in Bali on their way. • SPIRIT OF BARB ARY, a 28 ft gaff cutter from San Diego via New Zealand, which left Port Moresby recently on her way to Rabaul, reports very favourably on the slipping facilities at Samarai. Owners Jock and Bern Watt say the slips are good and prices very reasonable, and they’re enchanted with the beauty of the Milne Bay area. • WANTOK, with Martin Mitchell, 25-year-old English single-hander on board, arrived in Port Moresby recently. Martin took two years of spare time to build his 28 ft sloop in Mount Hagen in the New Guinea Western 81 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY. 1971

How to catch a 74Z NORTHBOUND 747 FLIGHTS

Sunday, Thursday

Depart NADI 11.05 p.m.

Arrive HONOLULU 7.05 a.m.

Arrive LOS ANGELES 4.55 p.m.

Pan Am 747 s are also flying between Hawaii and the Orient and California and Europe.

SOUTHBOUND 747 FLIGHTS

Sunday, Thursday

Depart NADI 6.45 a.m.

Arrive SYDNEY 8.55 am.

Nadi: Nadi Airport, 72-100 Suva: 38 Thomson Street, 25-657 Now, you can catch Pan Am’s 747 here in Fiji. The plane with all the room in the world flies twice a week to Australia, and twice a week to Honolulu and the U.S.A. If you feel you need a change of plane, call your Pan Am travel agent right now. ftuiAm’s 747- The plane with all the room inlhe world.

“'■‘rf-S \ N fi ■s 065.P.172E 82 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

i|p JR m The easiest to service “twin” is Islander (Spares availability guaranteed) Islander has rugged dual wheel fixed gear. Readily accessible airframe. Swift spares availability and ease of maintenance anywhere in Australia or the South Pacific. The Islander 10 place “twin” costs less to buy, less to keep. Finance from 10% deposit, repayments up to five years. Immediate delivery. Get the facts, write: Islander Aircraft Sales Pty. Ltd., Australian, T.P.N.G. and South Pacific Distributors, P.O. Box 130, Lakemba, N.S.W. 2195. Sydney 70-0692. 27014C2

Specialist Exporters

Potatoes Onions

Garlic Bluepeas

Fresh Fruit And Vegetables

N.Z. Dairy Board Ghee

Gerrard Wire Tying Equipment

General Merchandise Cooler

FREEZER Current Quotations from; Turners Supply Company Limited P.O. Box 1370, AUCKLAND. Cables "TUSCO" Auckland.

PACIFIC EXPORT DIVISION of TURNERS & GROWERS LTD. Wholesale Fruit and Produce Merchants, Auckland, New Zealand.

Highlands. He says her most hazardous journey so far was her first— by truck down the mountainous unsealed Highlands Highway to Lae. where she was launched. Wantok then sailed to Kieta on Bougainville for final fitting-out, before coming to Port Moresby. When she left early in June for Java, the Seychelles, Madagascar and Port Elizabeth, she was proudly flying the new red and black Papua New Guinea flag—perhaps the first yacht to do so. • UNBOUND, 36 ft Hedley Nicol trimaran from Sydney, arrived in Port Moresby early in June. Owner John Murray has had an eventful trip since leaving Sydney in May, 1969. Sailing to Tagula Island in the Milne Bay District from Cairns, he was set onto a reef, and limped in to Dumaga Bay with a hole 20 ft by 5 ft in his main hull. It took him three months to repair his tri with material shipped out from Samarai.

Then he left for Bougainville. After 18 months in Kieta John sailed through the Solomons back to Samarai and Port Moresby. He leaves shortly for Darwin across the Indian Ocean to Durban. • LAHEDO, a Brisbane-built trimaran, was a newcomer to Port Moresby in June. She’s an Islander class Hedley Nicol design and was sailed up from Townsville by owner Noel Tolson and crew Dave Tollman and Don McGrath. Noel’s new job will take him to Kavieng in New Ireland, so Lahedo is now up for sale.

Also in Port Moresby towards June’s end were KORO N G , P AVAN A, LAHARA, KARIE-L, MALULU and FLAMINGO. • GIT AN A, a 36 ft yawl belonging to Bill and Anita Lambie, and son Louis, is now in Honolulu for an extended stay. A new crew memmer, Richard, joined the Lambies there last August. Before dropping anchor at Honolulu, the Lambies visited Mexico, where Louis was born, the Marquesas, Tahiti, Bora Bora and the Cook Islands during 1968-69.

Present plans are to accumulate cruising funds, perhaps build a bigger boat and then return to the South Pacific. • NOMAD, a streamlined trimaran with owner Jack Ford and crew Sam Buell, Della Garza and Kathy Cook on board, completed a voyage from Maui in Hawaii on June 15 by grounding on a reef off Mulinuu Point in Western Samoa. After several attempts were made in rough seas to pull her off, Nomad floated off at high tide and was towed with badly- Jamaged hull to Matautu. She was later slipped. While repairs are being made, Jack Ford and his crew are staying with Colin Coverdale, British Petroleum’s local manager. • FINISTERRE, 75 ft ketch, left Sydney on June 17 for a Pacific cruise, covering Noumea and Fiji. On board are Mrs. June Kluckhohn, her son Richard, 5, and a crew of five, including a Fijian named Sam. In Fiji parts of the Finisterre will be renovated, during which time Mrs.

Kluckhohn will fly to the US for business relating to her husband’s estate. She will then return to the ketch in Fiji and continue her tour.

Her husband, Frank Kluckhohn, who was killed in a car crash in the United States last October, was an author and war correspondent.

UNDINE, a trimaran, arrived at Rarotonga from Tahiti on June 1 with owners Karl Redell and his wife on board. Their voyage began from San Francisco in November, 1969.

After sailing down the Mexican coast, they visited the Galapagos Islands, staying there five months, and then called at the Marquesas and Tuamotus before putting Undine into dry dock in Tahiti for three months while they toured New Zealand by motor cycle. They now hope to put in at Aitutaki, Suwarrow. Tonga and Fiji. 83 *ACi « I C ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

; t A r r 2571 A mm A wmm, * 1 i !^ CON 20.87 Two vital commodities in building the Territory.

Caterpillar Tractors and fresh meat.. . typical examples of the variety of cargo which Conpac carries from Australia to Papua/New Guinea. Conpac is equipped to carry all kinds of cargo safely and surely.

From refrigerators to precious pottery . . . galvanised iron to steel girders. Conpac offers you the safety, convenience and flexibility of containers, refrigerated containers, pallets or flats. Why not try Conpac next time you import cargo from Australia. Contact your local Conpac Agent for details of sailing dates.

Conpac’s regular sailing schedule from Australia:

M.V. Nimos M.V. Tenos M.V. Delos

Sydney, Brisbane to Sydney, Brisbane, Adelaide, Melbourne.

Port Moresby every to Lae every Sydney to Lae and 18 days. 19 days. Madang every 44 days.

Contriners Prcific Express Line

A joint enterprise of Burns Philp and Australia West Pacific Line.

SYDNEY: 7 Bridge Street, Telephone 2 0547.

BRISBANE: 133 Mary Street, Telephone 31 0391.

MELBOURNE: 340 Collins Street, Telephone 67 8941.

ADELAIDE; Dalgety Australia Ltd., 35 Baker Street, Pt. Adelaide. Telephone 47 5655.

PORT MORESBY: Musgrave Street, Telephone 2369.

LAE: Macdhui Street, Telephone 2269. iiAHAur. + Awoniio Tolonhnno 9093 84 JULY. 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Business and Development LOCALISATION TOO FAST

For Comfort

By a staff reporter Mr. Maurice O’Connor, successor to Mr. P. T. W. Black as Burns Philp and Co. Ltd’s general manager (PIM, June, p. 115) moves in on July 12 with an inherited headache —the speed of localisation in Fiji.

Not that he, or the firm disagree with localisation. They’re both in favour of it.

Mr. O’Connor has had close links with Fiji since 1930; he likes the place and he likes the people. The crux of his complaint is lack of suitable local management material, at least for some years ahead. It is in this field that official restraints create grave difficulties.

Burns Philp prefers to employ local people; then it would not have to incur the costs involved in advertising for staff, spending time on interviews, paying the cost of passages— more often than not for families —and finding suitable housing.

Mr. O’Connor claims, with some justification, that since localisation became fashionable in Fiji, 10 or 12 years ago. Burns Philp has achieved a much better localisation rate than the government. In a staff of about 2,000, there are only 45 expatriates, about 2 per cent, against the government’s 5 per cent.

“This localisation policy has been forced on us too fast for our comfort,” Mr. O’Connor told me. “In Fiji there is a shortage of highly experienced businessmen. Fiji cannot yet supply the management likely to be needed by overseas investors.

It is expanding at such a dramatic rate that the demand for the short supply of local talent has become excessive.”

He said the Fiji Government had done much to encourage overseas investment in the way of tax holidays, depreciation allowances, concessions for pioneer industries and other incentives.

“But unless they allow overseas capital to manage its own business in the way it seems best, that is in a competent and businesslike manner, I am afraid its policy of encouraging overseas capital will not have the effect they hope,” Mr. O’Connor said.

“Nobody will want to go where he is not allowed to manage his own business.”

He said independence did not worry Burns Philp. Tonga had been independent for many years, Western Samoa for the last nine years, and Burns Philp had always been welcome there. There was no reason to think any differently about Fiji, provided the government had a policy which would encourage and foster investment of overseas capital.

Asked what effect UK entry into the Common Market would have in the Pacific Islands, Mr. O’Connor said this was not easy to assess at present. Before Fiji’s independence one supposed that Fiji would have followed the lead given by the UK.

Now that Fiji was independent it was anyone’s guess what it would decide to do. Fiji would determine its own policy.

“It is possible that in the future Fiji will have difficulties with its sugar,” he said.

He emphasised that the effects of UK entry into the EEC depended very much on the terms granted.

Britain promised to do the best it could for under-developed countries.

The effect on Pacific Islands would depend on how effective Britain was in protecting those interests.

Mr. O’Connor follows two notable figures in commerce into his new post —Messrs. J. Mitchell and P. T. W.

Black. Like them he has had many years’ service with the “big firm”.

He became a BP man on January 1, 1926, as an office boy, graduating to the accounts department.

In 1930, when 20, he was transferred to Suva as an accounts clerk, to start a career in the Pacific Islands, which has continued since except for a break in World War 11. He became accountant for the Suva branch of Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., and was there when he enlisted for service with the RAAF in December, 1939.

He was attached to a RAF bomber squadron in the Middle East and later went to England for a “stint” with the Coastal Command; finally being transferred to Australia where he became an instructor. He was demobbed in December, 1945, with the rank of squadron-leader.

Rejoining Burns Philp he was posted back to the South Sea company, holding various relieving positions at Suva, Levuka, Labasa and Apia. In 1948 he was made inspector of the South Sea company and transferred to the South Sea department in Sydney as Mr. Black’s assistant.

This work took him to familiar territory many times over the 1950 s and 1960 s—the New Hebrides, Fiji, Samoa and Tonga. Mr. Black became general manager in 1966, and Mr. O’Connor succeeded him in charge of the South Sea department.

Mr. O’Connor was appointed to the board of Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd. in 1966, and to the board of Burns Philp and Co. Ltd. in 1967.

He lives with his family in the fashionable suburb of Wahroonga on Sydney’s North Shore. There are two children, Peter, who is in his final year of economics at Macquarie University, and Ann, who is currently on a working holiday in England and the Continent. His favourite hobbies are gardening—specialising in orchids —and, when the weather is fine, fishing.

Mr. Maurice O'Connor. 85 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULST, 197 1

announce the appointment of

Pty. Limited

■ w as their agents for ii 4

The Pacific Islands

Si ii & mm Lightburn Products Ltd., long established South Australian manufacturers, are pleased to announce the appointment of Kerr Brothers Pty. Limited, 65 York St„ Sydney, N.S.W., as their Agents for the Pacific Islands.

Over the past 60 years, Kerr Brothers have built up an unparalleled reputation for service throughout the Pacific Islands. They will now be in a position to offer immediate delivery of the complete range of Lightburn products . . . concrete mixers, hydraulic jacks, electric power tools and electric washing machines.

Due to the high standard of their engineering and their outstanding reliability, these Lightburn products are being exported in ever increasing volume to over 70 countries.

LIGHTBURN Exporters to over 70 Countries FOR FURTHER INFORMATION OR SUPPLIES CONTACT KERR BROTHERS PTY. LIMITED, 65 YORK ST, SYDNEY, N.S.W. 2000 86 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Fiji Dreams, And

The Best Of

British Luck

By Judy Tudor

The most popular thing to have in Fiji at the present time is a feasibility study. No day seems to pass without news of another economic dream getting the treatment, and just about everything from whether Fiji should have a wood-chip industry to the possibility of a new daily newspaper is . being put under the economic microscope.

Ideas are a dime a dozen and there always seems to be some international Big Daddy with the will and the wherewithal to come forward and pay for it.

Just about _ the only thing about which there _ isn’t a feasibility study (sometimes it’s in the minor league and called a plain “study”) is feasibility studies. Studying on those is left to cynics like me and at the moment I’m in the right mood for it.

I’ve spent the last two weeks collecting material for the Fiji section of the next edition of the Pacific Islands Year Book, in the course of which I’ve revisited every government department that I visited three years ago. on the same chore, to check on what’s been going on in the interval.

It’s a salutary experience to find out how many schemes of the sixties have faded out or failed to come up to expectations in the seventies; how the once traditional export crops (always excepting sugar) have remained static or declined; and how, as a consequence, the prices of locallyproduced items have now soared up into the stratosphere with a parallel demand for rises in wages and salaries. .We can start with the once-famous Fiji banana, which according to ancient history back in the days when its culture was in the hands of Europeans, once reached an export total of 800,000 cases in one year. Even in 1956, when the industry had long been turned over to mainly Fijian growers, 257,000 cases were exported and, two years later, when New Zealand sought to restrict Fiji banana imports to a quota of 180,000-200,000 cases a year, there were screams of anguish from all up and down the Rewa River system where over 80 per cent, of the crop is still grown.

They were premature screams. Not once since has Fiji looked like getting near the NZ quota. In 1969, 89.000 cases were exported and in 1970, 79,500 cases.

One reason for the decline is the disease called Black Leaf Streak, which can be controlled by spraying at regular intervals. This is most efficiently done when the plants are grown, plantation fashion, and can be easily got at. In spite of some effort, the bulk of Fiji bananas are still grown village fashion, in clumps, on river banks and higgeldy-piggeldy, where you will.

Spraying under these circumstances is usually neglected and so is fertiliser —unless the government makes loans or subsidies to pay for it.

Now let’s take coconuts. About 50 per cent, of Fiji copra comes from native groves. To anyone brought up in the big-plantation tradition of New Guinea or the Solomon Islands, these plantations were something of a nightmare—trees at all angles, in a tangle frorn nuts that sprouted where they fell into the great masses of undergrowth that were allowed to grow up unchecked.

In 1963 the government started in to do something about it with the aid of the generous British taxpayer who financed a subsidy scheme. There were subsidies for clearing undergrowth, subsidies for replanting areas so cleared, and subsidies for new planted areas. In all, something like $2 m. was expended on these subsidies, 113,000 acres thinned out and 66,000 acres of new coconut planting completed.

So far, very good. But by 1969 the scheme was drawing to a close and so the Department of Agriculture’s scribe records in the annual report for 1969, issued m 1970—and more in sorrow than in anger I fancy— “ With the termination of new rehabilitation and planting work under the coconut subsidy scheme, there has been a very considerable decline in this work . . . This is disappointing.

Equally disappointing has been the lack of interest in maintaining plantations once subsidy payment for this ceases . . .”

It is too soon yet to see any result from the plantings that were made during the subsidy boom, though something should be showing up in 1972 and thereafter. Meantime, in its new Five-Year Plan, Fiji intends to have a subsidy scheme financed by itself and optimistically calculates that 48.000 tons p.a. will be produced in 1975.

Well, the best of British luck to them. They’ll need it—copra production in 1969 was 33,089 tons and in 1970, 27,989 tons.

Cocoa which, way back a decade ago, was the bright diversification hope, now barely gets a mention except by the Department of Agriculture which notes that, “present policy is to encourage only those growers who show genuine interest”, and goes on to report on the “rehabilitation of overgrown plantations” and that only one half of plantations in Central Division “receive regular maintenance”. Exports in 1968 were I\\ tons; in 1969, 46 tons.

Until 1967 there were two butter factories in Fiji and at one time they produced more butter than could be absorbed.

When one factory closed, all cream was diverted to the other and production continued at seemingly the same level. However, Australian and New Zealand butter was still available although real patriots insisted on buying the local brand.

Then came the strike of a few weeks back, and to everyone’s consternation supplies of local butter dried up like everything else—so the horrible secret was out. Patriots learned that the Fiji butter that they insisted on buying was, in fact, blended—that of the 1,764,208 lb of butter that bore the local brand last year, over half of it was New Zealand butter brought in in bulk and mixed.

For some reason this fact appears to have dented Kai Viti amour propre more than any other single economic event in a decade.

One reason for the fall-off in local butter production is that milk consumption, since the introduction of the homogenised milk plant, has increased—from 469,200 gallons in 1969 to 536,869 gallons in 1970.

Under existing circumstances it is impossible to have both milk and butter.

One could go on endlessly mulling over the agricultural projects, major and minor, that remain experimental, meet disaster or unaccountably shrink.

But, in a sentence, it is quite clear that, apart from sugar, any natural increase in production of many commodities is being taken up by the increase in population, by the shift of many people from village economy to a wage economy, and by tourism.

Although family planning is one of the real success stories of Fiji, the population increased from 476,737 at the 1966 census to an estimated 524,457 at the end of 1970, and that’s still nearly 48,000 more mouths.

The drift of people from village life into such industries as tourism, not only removes them from producing for export along traditional lines, it also usually results in their turning to store food for sustenance.

Continued over page 87 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

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There are 30 acres currently under vines, five acres cleared for planting, four acres of almonds and the remainder virgin soil.

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19-31 Pitt Street, Sydney General Agents Manus Is.: Edgell & Whiteley Ltd.

Rabaul: Rabaul Trading Co. Ltd.

Honiara: E. V. Lawson Pty. Ltd.

Kieta: Breckwoldt & Co. Pty. Ltd.

Lae: N.G.G. Trading Company.

Wewak: Burns Philp (N.G.) Ltd.

Fiii: Burns Philp (S.S.) Ltd.

Gizo: British Solomon Trading Co.

Vila: Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

Norfolk Is.: Burns Philp (S.S.) Ltd.

Brisbane: F. H. Stephens Pty. Ltd.

Melbourne: F. H. Stephens (Vic.) Pty. Ltd.

Pt. Moresby: Carpenter Shipping Agencies.

Samarai: Burns Philp (N.G.) Ltd.

San Francisco: Transpacific Transportation Co.

Los Angeles: Transpacific Transportation Co.

Madang; B. J. Back Pty. Ltd.

Yandina; Levers Pacific Plantations Co. Ltd.

Santo: Burns Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

Lord Howe Is.: R. Wilson, Leanda Lei.

Thursday Is.: Torres Industries Ltd.

Along this gimmicky-named Coral Coast where tourism has boomed, the villagers, who once spent a lot of their time fishing and gardening, now find easier ways of earning cash with the result that they too go to Sigatoka market for fruit, vegetables and fish and to the stores for imported items.

The dock strike did more than show people where the butter came from; it showed just how much this small country depends on outside countries for its food, food moreover that is grown and produced by European high-cost labour.

The government, in a panic and quite unnecessarily, hopped in and slapped price control on such basic items as flour, sharps and rice.

No effort was made to control the prices of much of the locally-produced food and even on Sydney standards these are astronomical.

Eggs, for example, were selling in the Sigatoka market for $1 a dozen; BPs had a few at 85c a dozen and there were queues for those.

The story here is that during the strike supplies of imported poultry mash dried up and the hens refused to do their stuff on anything grown locally. With all due respect to international economists and local egg producers, it seems to me that if the whole egg production business of Fiji depends on importing laying mash from Australia and New Zealand, it would be better to import the eggs from NZ, where local farmers can produce cheaper than anywhere else in the world, and let the people in Fiji who now tend hens be employed growing something like dalo which is currently selling at from 40c to 50c for three.

On the sunny side of the gloomy agriculture picture there is always sugar. Sugar, to the people who grow it, still mostly Indians, is a way of life as much as a crop. There is no problem in getting it grown, it is ingrained in them, to the extent that no other crop is of interest —as was proved some years back when CSR Co. shut down its Nausori mill. It was hoped then that the people who had been growing sugar for the mill would grow rice instead. They didn’t. They either went elsewhere and grew sugar or went to Suva and worked for wages. .

But right now Fiji is right up to its international quota of of 341,000 tons p.a. and there is little room for manoeuvre. At the same time there are so many question marks about Fiji’s sugar in particular and Commonwealth sugar in general that it deserves a story on its own.

On the credit side of the general Fiji economy are the many small and a few large secondary industries that 88 JULY, 1971— PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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REAL ESTATE SYNDICATION have sprung up in recent years; and, lastly, but most important of all, that glamorous milch cow that gives golden liquid in the form of tourist dollars.

I have never understood how tourist profitability is calculated, but I am assured that, in 1970, tourism contributed S23m. to Fiji’s economy— which makes it more profitable than copra, coconut oil, bananas, fish and gold combined.

In the last few years dozens of small industries and some large ones have started in Fiji. Aluminium doors and screens, plastic clothes pegs, barbed wire, umbrellas, matches—the list is endless and is being added to each week, all with the idea of cutting down on imports.

But has it? The total tentative imports bill for 1970 is sBBm. —which means that it has increased over 75 per cent, since 1966. In the same period, the population has increased only 10 per cent., so obviously the rest must be going on more luxuries for everyone, a higher standard of living, inflation, or on tourism— —building materials for hotels, special food, goods to pamper tourist, like duty-free radios, cameras, watches, etc. In the same period exports have risen, in value, by 50 per cent., all of the increase accounted for by sugar and frozen fish from the Levuka depot of an Asian-manned tuna-fishing enterprise.

Balancing plans and performances against each other, many people wonder whether Fiji has its priorities right. Whether it mightn’t be better to let Australia go on supplying the plastic clothes pegs, Hong Kong the umbrellas, Bryant and May the matches, and other industrialised nations a dozen other commodities, while Fiji gets back to producing more for export or simply in order to eat cheaper at home.

It can be said, of course, that the people who make pegs or matches iren’t likely to be planting coconuts inyhow; that the import bill would be ligher without their efforts; and that many young Fijians—and who can Plame them—find it infinitely more to heir taste to play a guitar in a band >r work as a waiter or bartender in i hotel than slave in the village garden Wanting tapioca.

But that isn’t the argument. The irgument is that imports are increasng so much faster than exports and hat even when the invisible export )f tourism is added to the actual exports, there still is a trade deficit.

The businesses of trade and producion for home consumption are interocking items, part of an array of undamental problems that are too fequently blanketed from view by a whole flock of new plans, new studies and grandiose dreams.

Certainly, since independence, Fiji has been pushed into a political lifestyle more fitting for a country 20 times its size and 10 times its efficiency and while outside capital keeps coming in to build new hotels and new resorts, this artificial level of circulating money appears to support it.

But should the tourist industry reach a point where it becomes static or no fresh infusions of funds are made, it is anyone’s guess what fiscal measures in new taxes, restrictions and penalties might then present themselves as the only way out.

Right now, Fiji has three big finance problems coming up—the Nadi- Suva road, the sixth Five-Year Plan and purchase of the sugar industry, The Minister for Finance is at present in the United States with his entourage arranging for a World Bank loan to seal and rebuild the two end sections of the road (the middle, and worst section, Korotogo to Deuba, must await another day); he will then go on to Europe to arrange loans in connection with the new Five-Year Plan. j n 1973 the government must start paying the Cofonial Suear Refining was handed to them on a platter, at bargain rates, but it still runs into 89 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

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Fiji Manager: A. W.. Cooper. Fiji Office: Rodwell Road, SUVA. Telephone 2-4661.

Directors: J. D. 0. Burns, P. T. W. Black, E. P. Lee, L. N. Stanford, A. H. E. Furze Managing Director: A. H. E. Furze. Secretary: J. M. MacCallum.

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Telephone: 241-1021. Telegrams: "BURNSTRUST", Sydney.

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Fiji’s independent and feeling her oats and I wished her the best of British luck some time back. I amend that—the best of any kind of luck. I think she’s going to need it.

FOOTNOTE; The most going concern that I’ve found in Fiji is the National Provident Fund. It got going only in 1966 and is financed by a compulsory levy of 10c on each dollar of wages or salary earned —contributed on a 50-50 basis by employer and employee. It is primarily designed to give workers a lump sum at retirement aged 55.

The fund has built itself elegant offices on the outskirts of Suva and has in its kitty as of now $l4 million, which it invests in Fiji. Naturally it is the very favourite step-child of government which makes full use of this facility; and of those private interests who are also in the market for money and who are able to convince the Fund’s Board that they are worthy of assistance. • Five new companies were registered in Fiji at the end of May.

They were, Navava Properties Inc., of Tacoma, Washington, real estate; Western Tobacco Co. Ltd., producers and manufacturers of tobacco products; Ba Rock and Concrete Production Ltd., manufacurers of concrete blocks; Asha Investments Ltd., of Lautoka; Monier Tiles Ltd., manufacturer and supplier of concrete roofing and floor tiles.

Happiness is a sugar agreement Within a few hours of his returnfrom London in June Fiji’s Primer Minister Ratu Sir Kamisese Mam called a news conference—on the vitae; subject of sugar.

The method of its disposal is fa£ from being understood, or evens vaguely comprehended, by the averag»§ canefarmer.

It was reassuring for them to learn that the Prime Minister was satisfieos with what had been achieved at thd discussions in London between Comrr monwealth sugar-producing countries; and Britain.

Ratu Mara said arrangements ha«n been made to have Fiji’s High Comrr missioner in London accredited tcf the Common Market countries.

“The market for the Commonrn wealth Sugar Agreement countries it assured until 1974—from then on, ww have an assurance that the marker will continue, particularly for deaf veloping Commonwealth the PM said.

“This will be confirmed by joinin;n the Common Market by associatiomc We have from now until 1974 td negotiate the terms of this associo ation”.

While Fiji was assured of a comr tinued market at a satisfactory pries! in the UK for the annual quota co 140.000 tons of sugar, a market fosi the balance of Fiji’s production hac to be found outside the Commomc wealth Sugar Agreement.

Fiji’s sales outside the CSA includb 40.000 tons for the USA, and other sales in Canada, New Zealand, Japans Singapore and Malaysia.

Ratu Mara pointed out that ne T s competition would arise in the likelTs event of Australia being phased out o CSA after 1974.

“It is for this reason that we havrs pressed the EEC to join the sugsg agreement, which provides quotas foi various member countries and woulu provide quotas for EEC memberszi he said. . , ...

Mr. Geoffrey Rippon, Britain s chmr negotiator for membership of thft EEC, impressed Fiji’s Prime Ministeal “Mr. Rippon made it quite clesa that he was fully confident that tHI EEC was sincerely determined t honour the undertakings to the Commonwealth sugar-producing countries but said the British Governmeiai would be prepared, if necessary, 1 use its veto to assure equitable as rangements for marketing our sugsgi in Britain”, Ratu Mara added.

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NAME ADDRESS Fiji bauxife find 'most important' Mining equipment is being installed in preparation for extracting the Savulevu bauxite deposits on Fiji’s island of Vanua Levu. The mine, to be operated jointly by three Japanese companies, has enormous economic importance.

Experts say it is the most important mine opened in Fiji since gold was found at Vatukoula in the 19305.

Shareholders in the locallyregistered Bauxite Fiji Ltd. are the Nippon Light Metal Co. (with a 50 per cent, holding), Showa Denko Co. (15 per cent.) and Sumitomo Chemical Co. (25 per cent.).

According to their agreement with the Fiji Government they must start exporting the ore from August next year. They will invest $2,500,000 in setting up the mine.

The secretary of Bauxite Fiji Ltd., Mr. Toni Ishikawa, has said that the five million tons of known reserves at Savulevu would be mined at a rate of 250,000 tons a year . . . giving the mine at least 20 years’ life.

But there are complications. Although the company holds a licence to mine 2,000 acres, it still needs site and road access licences. It also has to complete an agreement with the Native Land Trust Board about the amount of compensation payable to about 10 mataqali landholding units whose land would be affected.

About 70 per cent, of the loan capital for the mining project will :ome from the Overseas Economic Co-Operation Fund, a Japanese Govjrnment institution, according to Mr. tshikawa.

Lever's trebles profit Lever’s Pacific Plantations Pty.

Ud. trebled its net profit last calendar 'ear.

The annual accounts of the company just released in Sydney show that the net profit jumped from $57,792 to $188,641 last year.

The big profit increase was after a leap in the depreciation provision from $135,464 to $625,948.

Total shareholder’s funds rose by $191,382 to $2,275,928.

The value in the books of the land and buildings of the company was down by $52,910 to $1,796,429.

The provision for cyclone damage dropped from $61,208 to $45,808.

The company is a subsidiary of Unilever (Commonwealth Holdings) Ltd. It operates plantations in the British Solomon Islands.

Go-ahead for Pago watch deal After a host of false starts, American Samoa will be taking advantage of federal legislation which allows the free import into the US of goods manufactured in the territory, Bulova Watch Company has leased land and will begin construction shortly on an assembly plant which will be the first building in a new industrial park which the American Samoan Government is developing near the airport at Tafuna.

Under the law, which has been used successfully in the Virgin Islands and Guam, parts can be imported to American Samoa for assembly. If the money spent on local labour enhances the value of the parts by a certain percentage the finished project can be shipped to the US free of duty.

Bulova and Samoa negotiated with the US Commerce Department and secured an allocation which will allow free admission to 205,000 watches to the US this year. Bulova is going all out to get actual assembly started and so take advantage of this year’s allocation. The movements will be purchased in Switzerland. There will be only one women’s model, assembled at the beginning.

The firm has worked with local schools in testing high school seniors, and between 50 and 60 of them will be hired to work in the plant. Bulova also is looking for a Samoan manager to be trained in the US and to then take over the assembly operation.

The search is being made in Samoan communities on the US West Coast as well as in Samoa.

The Samoan Office of Economic Planning and Development looks upon the Bulova project as an “ice breaker”, that a successful operation by Bulova will induce other manufacturers to open assembly plants there.

Nauru looks for new market-s Nauru hopes to develop new markets for its phosphate in the Philippines and Taiwan, Mr. J. F.

Pi Ibe am , Nauru Government’s representative in Australia said in June after his visit to Manila with President Deßoburt. President De- Roburt paid a courtesy call on President Ferdinand Marcos to thank his government for co-sponsoring Nauru (together with Australia) into membership of ECAFE. The two presidents discussed their mutual interests in trade and shipping and phosphate sales were one of the subjects of talks between President Deßoburt, Mr. Pilbeam and Ernesto Maceda, the Philippines Minister for Commerce and Industry. The possibility of Nauru becoming a member of the Asian Development Bank was raised in a preliminary discussion with Mr. Watanabe, president of the bank.

President Deßoburt went to Taipeh alone for meetings with Chinese Government when phosphate was again on the agenda. 91 pacific islands mONTHLY _ J u L Y , 1971

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ADDRESS POSTCODE FIJI: Niranjan's Auto Port, Suva and Lautoka.

NEW GUINEA: N.G.G. Trading Co., Lae.

Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., Rabaul.

New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., Wau.

Wewak Engineers, Wewak.

Govt. Council, Mt. Hagen.

NEW CALEDONIA: Marine Agricole Electrique, Noumea.

TAHITI: Produits Shelltex, Papeete.

PAPUA: Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., Port Moresby.

SOLOMON ISLANDS: Solomon Motors Ltd., Honiara.

NEW HEBRIDES: Kerr Bros. Pty. Ltd., Sydney. 6710/E/FP 92 JULY, 1971— PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

ANG Hold. 1.00 . .

May 25 June 24 .90 .90 Bali Plantations .50 .54 b.52 Burns Philp 1.00 . . 2.85 b2.93 Burns Philp (SS) 2.05 3.05 b3.00 Carpenter .50 . . 1.90 1.90 Choiseul PIntn, 1.00 2.70 2.70 C.S.R. 1.00 . . . . 5.70 5.82 Dylup PIntn. .50 . . .70 .68 Fiji Industries 1.02 .

Kerema Rubber .50 . 2.10 .18 2.10 .16 Koitaki Rubber .50 . .60 .60 Lolorua Rubber .50 . .30 .30 Makurapau PIntn. .50 .70 b.65 Maribo' Rubber ,50 . .18 .18 PNG Motors .50 . .51 b.45 Plantation Hldgs. .50 .85 .80 Queensland Ins. 1.00 3.05 b3.06 Rubberlands .50 . . .13 .12 Sogeri Rubber .50 .53 b.51 Sth. Pac. Ins. .50 . bl .21 bl .20 Steamships Tdg. .50 .62 .60 Territory Brewery .50 .46 .40

Oil And Mining Shares

Bougainville rts. . 2.55 1.93 Buka Min. ,10 , . .03 .02* C.R.A. .50 9.10 8.80 Cultus Pacific .25 b. 15 .50 Emperor 10 .40 .18 Highland Gold .20 . .14 .12 NG Gold Ltd. .35 . .40 Oil Search 50 . . . .22 .27 Pacific 1. Mines .25 .09* .08* Placer Dev.* . . . 34.00 30.50 Southland .25 . . 1.62 1.22 * No oar value Produce Prices (Unless otherwise stated, quotations are in Australian currency. Australian dollar equals $l.OO New Zealand; 98-99 cents Fiji; 110 French Pacific francs; $1.24 Western Samoa; SI.OO Tonga; 46 new pence UK; $1.12 USA).

COPRA Copra industries are controlled through copra boards in NG, the Solomons, the GEIC, both Samoas, Fiji, Tonga and the US Trust Territory.

New Hebrides, the Cooks, French Polynesia and New Caledonia don't have boards and copra is either sold individually by growers to overseas buyers or used for local making of soap, etc.

The boards were born after World War II and their functions, which vary among territories, include orderly selling overseas, maintaining stabilisation funds, raising government revenue and developing copra on long-term bases NEW GUINEA: The board, with planters' reps, directs distribution and sales and pays planters. Shipments are made to UK, European markets and to Australia and Japan, and coconut oil mills on New Britain.

Latest prices, delivered main ports, were: hot-air dried, $llB per ton; FMS, $ll5 per ton,- smoke-dried, $ll3 per ton.

FIJI: —The board fixes prices on Philippines copra, taking into account freight, taxes, selling costs, shrinkage, etc. Prices recently were: CAS S sF9i i '2s sFl2o ’ 7s; 2nd 9rad6, sFno>7s; WESTERN SAMOA: The board makes payments to producers through its agents—local firms—and sells the copra on the open market with a portion to Abels Ltd., NZ. Recent prices were SWSIIB for Ist grade, SWSIIB for Ist grade sun dried, and SWSIOS for 2nd grade.

TONGA: All copra is sold to the board which sends it to Europe and the open market. June prices to growers were 5T92.75 Ist grade, and $T80.75 2nd grade, per ton.

Per coconut, 1.5 c.

SOLOMON IS.;—AH production through board at prices based on Philippines rates. Output goes to the UK, Japan, Australia and the rest to the open market. Recent prices were: Ist arade, $130; 2nd grade, $126; 3rd grade, $ll6 per ton, BSIP ports (Honiara, Yandina and Gizo).

GILBERT AND ELLICE—Board pays co-op societies $103.60 (Ist grade) and $92.40 (2nd jrade); co-op societies pay producers $89.60 [lst grade) and $78.40 (2nd grade).

NEW HEBRIDES: Copra sold direct by Hanters to France and Japan. Official market jirice on May 18 was $69 (6,900 Pac. francs).

Vaf’seilles, 1,035 French francs, June 11.

COOK IS.:—Copra goes to Abels, Ltd., of kuckland, who operates NZ's copra crushing

Exchange Rates

. P' J, — T hrough Bank of NSW, ANZ Bank, lank of NZ Bank of Baroda, First National to nfl| nk ' I S l t erlin 9 £ on Fiji $, buying £1 = •F 2.085; selling £1 = $2.11. Aust. $ on Fiji I buying $A1.0117 = SFI, selling $A1.0288 WESTERN SAMOA. —Through Bank of Western WS°Ta| C a° n i ro,led fr ° m NZ ' Seller * Al247 ° t 0 NORFOLK IS., PAPUA NEW GUINEA. Ausraiian currency used: no exchange payable in redactions with Australia FRENCH PACIFIC COLONIES— Pacific francs .FP' are used in New Caledonia, New Hebrides olntly with Australian dollars), Wallis and utuna Islands and Fr Polynesia French Bank Vdney on June 25, quoted: Selling, Noumea nd Papeete 109 Pac. francs to $ Aust.; pprox. 97 Pac. francs to US $; Noumea 100 * rancs . equal 5.5 French francs. Parisondon; Buying 13.3585 francs to £ Also £ duals 243.28 Pac. francs. mill. Prices for July 1 to Sept. 30 were fixed, subject to freight adjustment, at $NZ158,23 Ist grade, hot air dried; $NZ156.13 Ist grade, sun dried, and $NZ154.55 standard grade.

US TRUST TERRITORY;—Board pays $U5112.50 per ton, grade 1; $lOO per ton, outer islands.

Other Produce

BECHE-OE-MER: Chang Sing Loong Co., Suva, quote F3sc (4 in. to 7 in.) to F4oc (9 in. to 11 in.) lb depending on quality.

Honiara.—Live slugs, over six inches, black —six for 10c, other colours—l2 for 10c.

CHILLIES.—SoIomons, Honiara, Tabasco, grade one, dried 22c per lb; long red, grade one, dried, 12c per lb.

COCOA.—lslands rates are based on Ghana prices. Ghana price on June 23 (July/Aug. shipment) was spot $229 ton, c.i.f., UK Continent.

June 23, Quote No. 1: In store Rabaul, export quality $4OO per ton, delivered exwharf Sydney $460. Quote No. 2: Best quality ex-wharf Sydney $465; in store NG ports $399 (for immediate UK, Continent and USA shipments).

W. Samoa.—Nominal quotation for June 23 was Ist grade, £Stg33o; 2nd grade, £Stg3lo, f.o.b. per ton.

Solomons.—4 cents a lb delivered to a fermentary, 3 cents a lb at buying points.

COFFEE: P-NG: June 23, good quality, A grade 40-40£c per lb; B grade 38ic; C grade 35c; X grade 38c and native X grade 36ic (ex-store Sydney).

W. Samoa.—Recently, WSTEC ground and dried beans, 49 sene per lb (wholesale).

CROCODILE SKINS. Recent Sydney buyers quoted for 12 in. and over, Ist grade quality as follows: 8.5.1., Honiara—sl.Bo to $2.20 per in.; Gizo: $2.10 per in.

GREEN SNAIL SHELL.—S3SO a ton f.o.b. (nominal).

PAPUAN GUM.—Graded gum $215 per ton, f.o.b.

PASSIONFRUIT.—Cook Islands, Islands Foods Ltd. pays growers NZ2.5c per lb for good fruit PAPAW.—Cook Islands, Island Foods Ltd. pays growers NZ2c per lb for good fruit.

PEANUTS. P-NG: Sydney agents reported [ecently |b f.0.b., Lae; Kernels—white Spanish PEARL SHELL.—Torres Strait Pearlshellers' Assn, has no recent quotes. Solomons.— Honiara mother of pearl blacklip 15c lb, goldip 20c lb. Cook Islands.—Penrhyn, 20-25 c per lb, del. Rarotonga 33-35 c per lb. French Poly, nesia.—Tuamotu, Gambier shells, to $l,OOO per ton, Papeete.

PYRETHRUM—NG growers 17c lb, flowers RICE (Aust.): Prices till March 31, 1972, are — P ‘ N G : .Dried brown, 112 lb bags, $124 a ton, 40 lb bags, $134 a ton; vitamin enriched white, 56 lb bags, $137.50 a ton; all f.o.w.

Sydney/Melbourne. Pacific Islands: White polished, 56 lb bags, $156 a ton, f.o.w. Sydney/ Melbourne.

RUBBER—PNG price is based on Singapore rates which on June 24 were: No. 1 RSS prompt shipment (Malayan cents a kilo) b 104 25 s 104.50; Aug., b 106.25, s 106.50.

SANDALWOOD.—New Hebrides, landed on the beach Vila and Santo, $250 a ton.

SHARK FINS: Chang Sing Loong Co., Suva, offers Sflr onr lb for well-dried fins of commercial quality.

TROCHUS.—BSIP and NG.—slso-$l7O a ton (nominal).

TURTLE SHELL.—BSI: First grade unmarked 60c to $1.50 a lb at Gizo. ..VANILLA. BEANS. Prices recently were; White and yellow label orocessed standard packs, $7.50; green label $7.40, c.i.f., Sydnev Tonga.—sl4.2o. f o.b. Nukualofa: $T4.50 Melbourne.

Uk, Us Quotes

, nP PR <Mi77n« NDON ' June 25, Philippines, in n'i’/M (reseller) per long ton, c.i.f., DK/North European ports; US Pacific coast, b SUSI7I, s SUSI7S.

OIL.—LONDON, unquoted since May RUBBER.—LONDON, June 24, No. 1 RSS Spot (per kilo), b 15.80 new pence (July shipment).

Stock Market

Sydney Sellers

Sydney Stock Exchange share price index tor ordinaries on May 25 was 496.56. On June 24 it was 492.38.

Copra price slide checked Mr. K. G. Oliver, general manager of the PNG Copra Marketing Board, reported in Port Moresby on June 18: The second half of May saw the trend in copra prices continue generally lower except for a brief period following reports of damage resulting from the first of the season’s typhoons in the Philippines. The typhoon was, however, of little consequence and its effects on plantations was discounted quite rapidly and the price slide continued.

Early in the second week of June, selling pressures from the Philippines pushed copra prices down so that sales, for July shipment, were recorded as low as SUSIB9i per ton c.i.f. North European ports. A subse* quent relaxation of origin selling and lack of offers from Indonesia attracted some dealer activity and business improved up to SUSI 93 for June shipment. SUSI9S for July and as high as $U5197.25 per ton c.i.f. for September shipment.

The market was further strengthened by good demand from the United States for Philippine coconut oil and by further improvement in the European markets for this same commodity. 93 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

The Bank Line

Monthly Services

U.K., CONTINENT to PAPUA-NEW GUINEA & SOLOMON ISLANDS PAPUA, NEW GUINEA to NORTH AMERICA & U.K., CONTINENT SOLOMON ISLANDS, FIJI, TONGA, SAMOA AND TARAWA to U.K., CONTINENT ☆ US. GULF/AUSTRALASIA VESSELS CALL AT FIJI WHEN REQUIRED & Mil FOR PARTICULARS APPLY: THE BANK LINE (AUSTRALASIA) PTY. LTD., SYDNEY, N.S.W.

SANDYS

Extruded Aluminium

Adjustable Louvres

Fitted With Aluminium Or Glass Blades

For Sun And Ventilation Control

Also Sandys Extruded Aluminium Glazing Bar For

Economical Sawtooth Roof And Sidewall Glazing

AVAILABLE FROM: JAMES SANDY PTY. LTD. 637 GARDENERS ROAD, MASCOT, N.S.W., 2020, AUSTRALIA.

• Glass Merchants

• Aluminium Storefronts

• Aluminium Windows And Doors

• Shower Screens

• MIRRORS ■ 94 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Shipping & Airways Information SHIPPING

Sydney - West Irian - Indonesia

P.N. Djakarta Lloyd Shipping Company operates a six to seven weeks' cargo service from Indonesia to Sydney, Melbourne and Fremantle; there are inducement calls at Djayapura and Brisbane.

Details from John Manners and Co. (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., 4 Bridge Street, Sydney (27-9164).

Sydney • Fiji

CSR operates a passenger/cargo run with the MV Rona, departing Sydney every three to four weeks for Suva and Lautoka and return.

Details from Colonial Sugar Refining Co.

Ltd., 1 O'Connell Street, Sydney (2-0515).

Sydney - Nz - Fiji/Tahiti - Uk

Chandris, with Australis, Britanis and Ellinis, maintain a twice-monthly passenger service from Sydney via NZ, Suva (Australis and Britanis), Papeete (Ellinis) to Britain.

Details from Chandris Line, 135 King Street, Sydney (28-2451).

Sitmar Line, with two liners, operates a ilx-weekly passenger service from Sydney, Melbourne or Brisbane to Southampton, UK, via NZ, Papeete, Panama and Lisbon.

Details from Sitmar Line, 22 Bridge Street, Sydney (27-4521).

Sydney - Lord Howe

A Karlander vessel calls every month at Lord Howe from Sydney.

Details from Karlander Aust, Ltd., 19-31 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301).

SYDNEY - NORFOLK ISLAND -

New Caledonia

Jacques del Mar (owned by Societe Maritime Caledonienne, Noumea) operates a three-weekly passenger-cargo voyage from Sydney to Norfolk and Noumea.

Details from F. H. Stephens Pty. Ltd., 5 Macquarie Place, Sydney (27-8311).

Charqeurs Caledoniens, with the Ville de Noumea operates two-weekly Sydney-Noumea.

Details: Hetherington Kingsbury Pty Ltd 4 Bridge Street, Sydney (27-1671).

Sydney - Geic - Honolulu

Columbus Lines operate monthly passengercargo sailings from West Coast, US to Australasia, returning via Tarawa, GEIC and Honolulu to Nth. America.

Details from Columbus Overseas Services Pty Ltd., 333 George Street, Sydney (29-2101),

Sydney - New Caledonia - New

Hebrides - French Polynesia

Maritimes Line nassenqer-cargo vessel, Tahitien, from Marseilles, via West Indies and Panama, calls at Papeete, Taiohae (Marquesas Group), Vila, Noumea and Sydney, and returns to France via Panama (last voyage sept.-oct.).

Polynesia maintains three-weekly passenger sailings—Sydney, Noumea, Vila and Santo Details from France Australia, 261 George Street, Sydney (27-2654).

Aust. - Fiji - N. Caledonia

Fiji-Australia Line's MV Taiyuan offers a regular three-weekly service from Brisbane and Sydney to Lautoka, Suva and Noumea Details from Swire and Gilchrist, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522), Morris Hedstrom Ltd Suva and Lautoka.

Sydney - Nz - Fiji - Hawaii

Canada - Uk

P. and 0. liners call regularly at Auckland, Suva and Honolulu on eastbound and westbound voyages between Sydney and the US; occasional calls at Pago Pago and Tonga.

Details from P & 0 Lines of Aust. Pty.

Ltd., 55 Hunter Street, Sydney (2-0317).

SYDNEY - NZ - FIJI - AM. SAMOA -

Hawaii - Cooks - Tahiti

Shaw Savill's Northern Star, Southern Cross and Ocean Monarch make seven round-the-world voyages each year, and also cruise in Pacific.

They sail from Southampton, alternately via South Africa and Panama, calling at Sydney, Wellington, Auckland, Suva, Pago Pago, Honolulu, Rarotonga and Papeete.

Details from Shaw Savill and Albion, 8a Castlereagh Street, Sydney (28-1481).

Melbourne . Fiji - W. Samoa ■

Tonga - Nauru

Nauru Pacific Shipping Lines operates regularly from Melbourne to Suva, Lautoka, Apia, Tonga and Nauru.

Details from Nauru Pacific Shipping Lines, Wales Corner, 227 Collins Street, Melbourne (654-4977).

Australia - Fiji - Us - Nz

Karlander (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. operates threeweekly cargo services from Melbourne and Sydney for Suva, Lautoka, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Auckland with sideport door ships, Woolgar, Slevik and Wyvern.

Details from Karlander (Aust.) Ltd., 19-31 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301); F. H. Stephens Pty. Ltd., 554 Flinders Street, Melbourne (62-3333); Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., Suva and Lautoka.

AUSTRALIA - NEW CALEDONIA -

Fiji • New Hebrides

Messageries Maritimes Line with Dorotea operates monthly service from Adelaide, Melbourne, Port Kembla (occasional), Sydney, Newcastle (occasional), and Brisbane (occasional), to Noumea, Suva, Lautoka, Port Vila and Santo.

Inquiries from France Australia, 261 George Street, Sydney (27-2654).

Australia - Png

Conpac Pacific Express (Burns Philp and AWP Line) operates three-weekly passengercargo service from Sydney and Brisbane to Lae with Tenos, and to Port Moresby with Nimos every six weeks from Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney to Lae and Madang with Delos.

Details from Burns Philp and Co. Ltd., 7 Bridge Street, Sydney (2-0547).

New Guinea Australia Line's vessel Coral Chief operates every 15-17 days from Sydney to Brisbane, Port Moresby and Samarai (alt. voyages); Island Chief operates every 21 days from Sydney to Brisbane, Lae, and Rabaul; Papuan Chief operates every 21 days from Sydney and Brisbane to Honiara and Kieta; New Guinea Chief operates every 21 days from Sydney and Brisbane to Rabaul, Kavieng (alt. voyages) and Madang.

Details from Swire and Gilchrist, 8 Spring Street, Sydney, (20-522).

Karlander New Guinea Line's six cargo vessels call at Brisbane, Lord Howe, Port Moresby, Samarai, Rabaul, Lae, Madang, Wewak, Kieta, Honiara, Gizo, Yandina, Manus, Vila, Santo, Norfolk Island. Three carry passengers.

Details from Karlander Aust. Ltd., 19-31 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-6301).

Amplex NG, with Jette Sue, operates monthly Sydney-Rabaul-Lae, Fulleborn, Wilelo and Bakada.

Details: Hetherington Kingsbury, 4 Bridge Street, Sydney (27-1671).

Australia - Png - Guam

Nauru Pacific Shipping Lines operates five weekly from Melbourne to Port Moresby, Lae, Madang, Rabaul, Nauru and Guam.

Details from Nauru Pacific Shipping Lines, Wales Cnr., 227 Collins Street, Melbourne.

Australia - Png - Far East

Austasia, with Malaysia, runs two-monthly Aust. ports-Moresby-Djakarta-Singapore.

Details: Macquarie Travel, 183 Macquarie Street, Sydney (221-3799) E. and A. Line passenger ships, Cathay and Chitral, call at Port Moresby monthly on round trip from Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane to Manila, Hong Kong, Keelung, Kobe, Nagoya, Yokohama and Rabaul.

Details from E. and A. Line, 55 Hunter Street, Sydney (2-0317).

Far East - Fiji - New Zealand

China Navigation operates a three-weekly cargo service from Hong Kong to Lautoka, Suva, NZ ports, Manila, Kaoshiung, Keelung, Hong Kong.

Details from Swire and Gilchrist, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

Royal Interocean Lines operates three-weekly with four ships from Manila, Pt. Swettenham, Singapore, Bangkok, Hong Kong to Suva, Lautoka and NZ.

Details from Royal Interocean Lines, 261 George Street, Sydney (2-0573); Burns Philp (SS) Co. Ltd., Suva and Lautoka.

Far East - Png ■ Bsi

China Navigation operates monthly from Japan and Hong Kong to Wewak, Madang, Lae, Rabaul, Kieta, Honiara, Port Moresby.

Details from Swire and Gilchrist, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

FAR EAST - NEW GUINEA -

South Pacific

China Navigation Co. Ltd. operates monthly from Japan to NG and South Pacific ports.

Details from Swire and Gilchrist, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

Europe - Tahiti - W. Samoa

Fiji - N. Caledonia - Nz

Nedlloyd Lines operates from Europe threeweekly via Panama to Tahiti, Apia, Fiji and New Caledonia; every alternate month from the Continent to Tahiti, New Caledonia and NZ.

Details from Interocean Australia Services, 261 George Street, Sydney (2-0573).

North Europe - New Caledonia

Hamburg/Sued operates monthly services from Dunkirk and Le Havre to Noumea, via Panama.

Details from Columbus Overseas Services Pty. Ltd., 333 George Street, Sydney (29-2101).

Europe - Tahiti - New Caledonia

Messageries Maritimes operate four services a month from north and Mediterranean European ports to Papeete and Noumea, one returning direct from Papeete, one returning direct from Noumea, one returning via Japan (after Noumea) and one returning via NZ (after Noumea).

Details from Messageries Maritimes, 332 Pitt Street, Sydney (61-6664).

JAPAN - GUAM - SAMOA - FIJI - N. CALEDONIA - N. HEBRIDES -

West Irian

Daiwa Line runs a monthly cargo service from Japan via Guam to Apia, Pago Pago, Suva, Lautoka, Noumea, Vila and Santo.

Details from Burns Philo (SS), Suva.

Japan - New Guinea

Mitsui and China Nav. vessels provide fortnightly services from major Japanese cities to major NG ports, and return.

Details from Swire and Gilchrist, 8 Spring Street, Sydney (20-522).

Npw Zealand . Cook Is

NZGS Moana Roa (40 passengers) makes monthly trips from Auckland to Rarotonga, 95 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

with calls at Niue and lower Cook Islands with cargo warrants.

Details from NZ Department of Maori and Island Affairs, Wellington (71-846) or any office of Union SS Co. of NZ, Ltd.

Thallo, on charter to Cl Shipping Co. Ltd., operates three-weekly freight service from Auckland to Rarotonga with occasional calls at Aitutaki.

Details: Silk and Boyd, Box 131, Rarotonga, or CIS Co., Box 448, Auckland.

Jeane Philippe, on charter to Gammon-Milne, calls monthly at Whangarei and other NZ ports en route to Rarotonga.

NZ - COOK IS. - TAHITI Holm Shipping Co. Ltd. operate a 24-day service from NZ to Rarotonga and Papeete.

Details from Holm Shipping Co. Ltd., John Bates Building, 10 Customs St. E., Auckland (33-946).

NZ - FIJI - TONGA - SAMOAS ■ AND NIUE IS.

Union Steam Ship Co. of NZ Ltd, operates three vessels from Auckland. Tofua (passengercargo) calls at Suva, Niue, Pago Pago, Apia, Vavau, and Nukualofa, Suva, Auckland, every four weeks. Taveuni (cargo only) calls at Lautoka, Suva, Pago Pago, Apia, Nukualofa, Suva, Auckland, also every four weeks to provide with Tofua a regular alternate fortnightly service. In addition, Waimate (cargo only) leaves Tauranga and Auckland at approximately six weekly intervals on the route followed by Taveuni.

Details from any office of Union Steam Ship Co., Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Auckland.

NZ ■ BSIP - NG NZ Export Line operates a 5-6 weeks' service from Auckland to Honiara, Kieta, Rabaul, Lae, Port Moresby, Brisbane, and return.

Details from Maritimes Services Ltd., 14-18 Customs St. E., Auckland.

NZ - NORFOLK IS. - N. CALEDONIA • AUSTRALIA Holm Shipping Co. vessel, Holmburn, operates 26-day service Auckland (Onehunga), Norfolk Is., Noumea, Brisbane, Lyttelton, Auckland.

Details from Holm Shipping Co. Ltd., John Bates Building, Customs St. E., Auckland (33-946).

NZ - NEW GUINEA - BSIP ■ NEW

Caledonia - New Hebrides - Fiji

Sofrana, with three ships, operates regularly out of Auckland and Tauranga (NZ), to Noumea, Vila, Santo, Suva, Futuna, Lautoka, Wallis, NG and BSIP ports.

Details from Sofrana, 57 Customs Street, Auckland (37-2228, 36-4521), PO Box 3614.

Tonga - Fiji - Australia

Tonga Copra Board vessel Niuvakai operates a five-week cargo service between Nukualofa, Apia, Suva, Lautoka, and Sydney.

Details from Burns Philp and Co. Ltd., 7 Bridge Street, Sydney (2-0547).

Uk - Panama - Samoa - Fiji

The Fiji Direct Service is maintained by Conference vessels, sailing at regular monthly intervals out of London, via Panama, for Apia, Suva and Lautoka.

Details from Burns Philp (SS), Suva.

UK - PAPUA ■ NG • BSI Bank Line operates a monthly direct service from Europe, via South Africa, to Pt. Moresby, Samarai, Lae, Madang, Wewak, Kavieng, Rabaul and Honiara, occasionally extending to Tarawa, Vila, Santo, Kieta, Djayapura and Yandina. Each alternate month vessels sail via Panama and call direct at Noumea before Pt. Moresby.

Details from Bank Line (A'asia) Pty. Ltd., 269 George St., Sydney (27-2041).

Us/Japan - Micronesia

Mill, with several inter-island passengercargo ships, operates regular services out of the US west coast and Japan, via Honolulu and Guam, to all major Micronesian ports, Including Saipan, Yap, Koror, Ponape, Truk, Kusaie, Kwaielein, and Maiuro.

Details from Mill, PO Box 468, Saipan.

Us - Hawaii/Samoa ■ Australia

Pacific Far East Line operates monthly service from Los Angeles with the Golden Bear, Sonoma, and Ventura to Sydney, Brisbane, Melbourne, Pago Pago and Los Angeles.

Details from PFEL, 50 Young Street, Sydney (27-4272).

Us - Fiji/Tahiti - Australia

Bank Line Ltd., operates regular services from US Gulf ports to Australia and NZ.

Calls at Suva, Lautoka and Papeete on demand.

Details from Bank Line (A/asia.) Pty. Ltd., 269 George Street, Sydney (27-2041).

Pacific Far East Line Mariposa and Monterey operate regularly from San Francisco, Los Angeles, Bora Bora, Papeete, Auckland, Sydney, and return via Suva, Niuafoou, Pago Pago and Honolulu to San Francisco.

Details from PFEL, 50 Young Street, Sydney (27-4272).

USA - TAHITI • SAMOA - FIJI ■ NEW CALEDONIA Pacific Islands Transport's Thorsgaard, Thorsisle and Thor I operate three-weekly from West Coast Nth. American ports to Papeete, Pago Pago, Apia, Suva, Lautoka, Noumea, and occasionally Santo, Vila.

Details from Trans-Austral Shipping Pty.

Ltd., 19 Pitt Street, Sydney (27-2441).

Cook Is. - Tahiti

Silk and Boyd Ltd. operates service from Rarotonga to Tahiti with Bodmer, Akatere, and Manutai, for general cargo and passengers.

Details: Silk and Boyd, Rarotonga, Ets Donald, Papeete.

AIRWAYS

Trans Pacific Services

Us . Hawaii - Brisbane - Sydney

Qantas, with 707's, operates Brisbane and Sydney, departing from San Francisco to Sydney on Tues.

Sydney • Fiji • Tahiti - Mexico

Qantas, with 707's, operates twice weekly out of Sydney on Tues. and Fri. and return out of Mexico City on Tues. and Sat. Stops at Acapulco.

Sydney • Fiji - Hawaii • Canada

CP Air, with DCB's, operates weekly services out ot Sydney on Sat. and Vancouver on Thurs.

Sydney - Nz - Hawaii Or Tahiti - Usa

Air-NZ, with DCB's, operates out of Sydney and Los Angeles on Wed., Fri., Sat. and Sun., return Wed., Fri., Sat. and Sun.

Sydney - Fiji • Hawaii - Usa

Qantas, with 707's, operates daily services, from Sydney to San Francisco, and San Francisco to Sydney.

BOAC, with VClO's, operates from Sydney to Los Angeles on Mon., Tues., Wed., Thurs., and Sat., and Los Angeles to Sydney daily except Wed. and Fri.

American Airlines, with 7075, operates three daylight flights from Sydney to Nadi and Honolulu (Sat., Sun., Mon.), returning to Nadi and Sydney Thurs., Fri. and Sat.

SYDNEY or NOUMEA ■ USA (via FIJI, NZ or TAHITI) UTA, with DCB's, operates out of Sydney on Mon. and Fri. and Noumea on Mon., Wed. and Sat., NZ on Thurs.

SYDNEY - USA (VIA N. CAL., FIJI

Or Hawaii)

PanAm, with 747'5, arrive Sydney from Los Angeles, via Honolulu and Nadi, on Sun. and Thurs., and leave on return flight the same da p‘anAm, with 707's, operates five days a week return trans-Pacific service out of Sydney and Los Angeles; Mon., Wed. and Fri. flights to Australia go to Melbourne and return to Sydney the same day. Mon. Sydney-LA flight is via Noumea and Honolulu. Jets connect with services to London, Europe and Far East. Jets fly Sydney-Hawaii non-stop both ways Tues., Wed., Fri. and Sat.

Nz ■ Am. Samoa - Tahiti Or

Hawaii - Usa

PanAm, with 707's, operates out of Auckland, via Tahiti, on Tues., and via American Samoa and Honolulu on Thurs. and Sat. for Los Angeles and San Francisco.

American Airlines, with 7075, operates out of Auckland to Honolulu, via Nadi on Wed. and Fri. and from Honolulu to Auckland, via Nadi on Mon. and Wed.

Fiji - Hawaii

American Airlines, with 7075, operates out of Honolulu to Nadi daily (Tues. and Sun.) flights via Pago Pago), and from Nadi to Honolulu daily (Thurs. and Tues. flights via Pago Pago).

Canada - Fiji

CP Air with DCBs, operates from Vancouver to Nadi on Sun., returning Tues.

INDONESIA or MALAYSIA - USA (via

Darwin, Noumea, Nz Or Tahiti)

UTA. with DCB's, operates a weekly service out of Djakarta to Los Angeles on Tues. and return on Thurs. A non-stop Noumea-Singapore flight operates on Mon., Tues. and Thurs.

Australia-Far East

Sydney - Png - Far East

Qantas, with 707's, operates services out of Sydney on Mon. and Wed. to Port Moresby and Hong Kong, and return from Hong Kong on Tues. and Sun. Sun. flight via Manila.

Australia-New Zealand

Qantas, Air-NZ, BOAC and PanAm operate regular trans-Tasman services. The Qantas aid Air-NZ services link major NZ cities with Australian east coast cities.

Australia-Pacific Islands

(For other schedules touching these lsl«*d* see also trans-Pacific services.)

Melbourne - Nauru

Air Nauru, with a Falcon Fan jet, operates weekly Melbourne-Brisbane-Honiara-Nauru but takes no passengers for Honiara (Solomons).

Details; Nauruan Government Office, 227 Collins St., Melbourne

Sydney - Fiji

Air-India, with 707's, operates weekly services to Nadi on Tues., returning to Sydney on Wed.

SYDNEY • LORD HOWE IS.

Airlines of NSW, with flying-boats, operates four times weekly, return services from Rosa Bay, Sydney, to Lord Howe. Extras on holidays.

Sydney • New Caledonia

Qantas and UTA operate Sydney to Noumea Mon. (2 flights), Wed., Fri.; and Noumea tc Sydney on Mon., Wed., Fri., and Sat.

Sydney • New Zealand - Fiji

BOAC, with 707's, operates services put of Sydney on Mon. and Sat., and out of Nadi on Tues. and Sun. NZ call is at Auckland.

SYDNEY • NORFOLK IS.

Qantas, with DC4's, operates three times weekly. More in holiday periods.

Australia - Png

TAA and Ansett, with 727's or DC9's, operate 14 times a week from Brisbane, Sydney oi Melbourne to Pt. Moresby.

TAA Fokkers operate Townsville, via Cairns, for Port Moresby on Tues. and Brisbane Townsville, Cairns, Port Moresby on Mon , For Moresby, Cairns, Townsville on Mon. and Por Moresby, Cairns, Townsville, Brisbane on FM Ansett, with Fokkers, operates Wed. seme* Townsville-Cairns-Port Moresby-Cairns-Towns ville-Brisbane, and a Thursday service Por Moresby-Cairns-Townsville. 96 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY;

Regular freight and passenger service between

U.S. Pacific Ports - Hawaii - Japan - Micronesia

Home Office: Micronesia Interocean Line, Inc..

P.O. Box 471, Saipan, Mariana Islands, 96950, Trust Territory of the Pacific Cables; 'Mili'

(Other Ports On Inducement)

U.S. General Agents: Interocean Steamship Corp., 680 Beach Street, San Francisco, California 94109, 'Phone (415)-771-6400 TWX 910-372-7388 RCA 27-337 Cables: 'lnterco' Hawaii Agents: Hawaii Freight Lines Inc.

P.O. Box 1601, Honolulu, Hawaii 96806.

'Phone 567-031 Telex: 723-407 Cables: 'Freight' Far East General Agents: Interocean Shipping Corporation, Room 627, lino Bldg., 1-1, Uchisaiwai Cho, 2-Chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Telex: 781-2335 Cables: 'Oceaninter' POLYNESIA LINE LTD.

Regular freight and passenger service between

U.S. Pacific Ports - Canada - Tahiti - Samoa

U.S. General Agents: Interocean Steamship Corp., 680 Beach Street, San Francisco, California 94109, 'Phone (415)-771-6400 TWX 910-372-7388 RCA 27-337 Cables: 'lnterco'

(Other Ports On Inducement)

Tahiti Agents: Maison Morgan-Vernex, Papeete.

Cables: 'Morex' Samoa Agents; B. F. Kneubuhl, Pago Pago.

Cables; 'Kneubuhlinc' Australian Agents: American Trading Shipping Co. (Pty.) Ltd., G.P.O. Box 168, Sydney, N.S.W., 2001, Australia Telephone No.: 25-5421 Telex: AA20486 Cable: 'Amtraco', Sydney NEW ZEALAND-PACIFIC IS. (For other schedules touching these islands tee also trans-Pacific services.) NZ ■ AM. SAMOA PanAm, with 707's, operates from Auckland to Pago Pago on Thurs. and Sat., and returns on Wed. and Fri.

NZ • FIJI Air-N2, with DCB's, operates daily return services from Auckland to Nadi with BOAC, using 707's.

NZ - FIJI - AM. SAMOA Air-NZ, with DCB's, operates services out of Auckland on Tues. and Sat. and from Pago Pago on Tues. and Fri.

Nz - Tahiti

UTA, with DCB's, operates weekly from Auckland on Thurs. and returns Wed. Air-NZ, with DCB's, operates weekly, Auckland on Sun., returning Sat.

Nz - New Caledonia

UTA, with Caravelles, operates weekly from Noumea on Tues. and returns Wed. Air-NZ, with DCB's, operates from Auckland on Sun/, returning Sun.

Nz ■ New Caledonia - New Hebrides

UTA, with Caravelles, operates fortnightly from Auckland to Vila, via Noumea, on Tue and returns Wed,

Nz - Norfolk Is

Air-NZ, with chartered Qantas DC4's, operates once weekly, leaving Nl on Sat. and Auckland on Sun.

Nz - Fiji - Hawaii

Air-NZ, with DCB's, operates out of Auckland to Fiii and Honolulu on Thurs. and out of Honolulu to Flil and Auckland on Thurs.

Inter - Territory Services

Chile - Easter Is. - Tahiti

LAN-Chile, with 707's, operates weekly, leaving Santiago Thurs., arriving Papeete Thurs. evening, dep. Fri. evening, arr. Santiago Sat. (returning to Santiago Sat.). Stopover Easter Is each way.

Details LAN-Chile, 11th floor, Carlton Centre, 55 Elizabeth St,, Sydney (28-9629, 28-5621).

Fiji - Geic

Fiji Airways, with 7485, operates from Suva to Tarawa via Nadi and Funafuti on Saturdays and returns to Suva via Funafuti and Nadi on Sundays.

Geic - Nauru

Fiji Airways and Air Nauru each operate fortnightly between Nauru and Tarawa (weekly service).

NAURU - MARSHALL IS.

Air Nauru makes a fortnightly flight Nauru- Maiuro and return.

Fiji - Western Samoa

Fiji Airways, with 7485, operates one service a week from Nadi to Apia via Suva, leaving Fi|i Thurs. Return service from Apia to Nadi via Suva, leaves Apia Mon.

Polynesian Airlines, with 7485, operates one service a week from Nadi to Apia, leaving Nadi on Mon. Return service from Apia to Nadi, leaves Apia on Thurs.

Western Samoa - Tonga

Polynesian Airlines, with 7485, operates a twice weekly service from Apia to Tonga, leaving Sun. and Wed. from Apia, arriving Tonga on Mon. and Thurs, respectively. Return service leaves Tonga on Tues. and Fri., arriving Apia on Mon. and Thurs. respectively.

Fiji • New Hebrides - Bsip •

Port Moresby

Fiji Airways, with 748's, operates from Suva on Wed., Fri. and Sun., via Vila and Santo, to Honiara. Planes leave Honiara on Tues., Thurs. and Sat. for Suva. On Mon. 748's fly direct to Pt. Moresby from Honiara and return to Honiara same day; staying overnight before flying to Fiji Tues.

Fiji - Tonga

Fiji Airways, with 7485. operates from Suva to Nukualofa four times a week.

FIJI ■ wallis/futuna Fiji Air Services operates weekly services to Wallis and Futuna Is.

Details: Fiji Air Services, P.O. Box 1259, Suva (22-666).

Hawaii - Am. Samoa

PanAm, with 707's, operates from Honolulu to Pago Pago on Wed. and Fri.

Hawaii - Am. Samoa - Tahiti

PanAm, with 707's, operates to Tahiti, via Pago Pago on Thurs. and Sat. and to Tahiti on Tues. and Sat.

Hawaii - Micronesia - Okinawa

Continental-Air Micronesia with 727 s operates from Honolulu, Wed. and Sun. via Midway (fuel stop only), Kwajalein, Majuro, Ponape.

Truk, Guam and Saipan; Tues. to Okinawa from Guam and Saipan. Raturn to Honolulu Wed and Sat.

New Caledonia - New Hebrides

UTA, with Caravelles, operates four return services a week, out of Noumea on Mon., Wed., Fri. and Sat., making a call at Vila.

NEW CAL. - WALLIS IS. - NEW CAL.

UTA, with Caravelles, operates a twice monthly service, leaving Noumea on the second and third Thurs. of the month. 97 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

UNION STEAM SHIP CO. of N.Z.

LIMITED Serving the Pacific for nearly 100 years.

Regular Sailings by Modern Vessels From Auckland to Lautoka, Suva, Pago Pago, Apia, Niue, Vavau, Nukualofa. Also from Tauranga to Lautoka, Suva, Apia, Nukualofa. Regular sailings from Australia to New Zealand to enable transhipment of cargo to all the above ports.

Ship your cargo by a Union Company Vessel.

BRANCHES AT ALL MAIN AUSTRALIAN, NEW ZEALAND AND ISLAND PORTS.

Pacific Islands Transport Une

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S —Sandefjord, Norway.

Motor Vessels "Thorsisle", "Thorsgaord" and "Thor I"

Regular Freight and Passenger Services between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and

Tahiti Samoa Tonga Fiji New Caledonia

New Hebrides

GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION LTD.

General Agents 400 California Street, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.

AMA-Burns PhHp (S.P.H Spa, Company, PAPEETE Agence Maritime Inter- LAE/RABAUL —Burns Philp (New Guinea) nationale Tahiti. Ltd PAGO PAGO—G. H. C. Reid & Co. PORT VILA Comptoirs Francais de NOUMEA—Etablissements Ballande. Nouvelles Hebrides

New Guinea - West Irian

TAA, with DC3's, leaves Madang on alternate Sat. for Djayapura and returns the same day.

Png - Solomons

TAA, with Fokkers and DC3's, operates three times weekly. Wed. planes leave Moresby to Honiara, returning Thurs. Sat., Tues. leave Rabaul via Buka, Kieta, Munda, Yandina to Honiara, return Sun. and Wed.

Tahiti - Usa

UTA, with DCB's, operates on Mon., Tues., Thurs., Fri. (Sat. non-stop from Papeete to Los Angeles), and return the same day.

PanAm, with 707's, operates to San Francisco, via Los Angeles on Mon. and Fri.; to San Francisco, via Honolulu on Tues. and Sat.; and to San Francisco, via Pago Pago and Honolulu on Sun. and Thurs.; from San Francisco via Honolulu and Pago Pago, to Tahiti on Sat., and from San Francisco, via Los Angeles, to Tahiti on Wed. and Sat.

Air-NZ, with DCB's, flies to Los Angeles from Papeete on Sun., leaves Los Angeles Frl.

W. Samoa - Am. Samoa

Polynesian Airlines, with DC3's, operates between Apia and Pago Pago at least twice a day (all flights, 45 min.J.

W. Samoa - Fiji

Polynesian Airlines, with 748's, operates Apia-Nadi on Thurs. and Nadi-Apia on Mon.

FIJI - TONGA - NIUE - W. SAMOA Fiji Airways, with 7485, operates from Fiji to Tonga (Tues.), Niue (Mon.), Apia (Mon.), return Fiji (Tues.).

FIJI - AM. SAMOA - COOK IS.

Fiji Airways (chartered by Air-NZ) with HS74B's, operates fortnightly service from Nadi to Rarotonga, via Pago Pago (technical stop), returning via Aitutaki and Pago Pago. Service leaves Nadi on Thurs. and returns on Fn. (Fiji time).

TAHITI ■ COOK IS.

Air Tahiti with Piper Aztec, operates from Papeete to Rarotonga.

Internal Services

FIJI Fiji Airways, with HS74B's, DC3's and Herons operates regular services to Labasa, Matei, Nadi, Nausori and Savusavu.

Details: Qantas, BOAC or Air-NZ.

Fiji Air Services, with Beech Baron and Norman Islander aircraft, operates to Ovalau Is., Korolevu, Natadola on regular service basis.

Details: Fiji Air Services, P.O. Box 1259, Suva (telephone 22-666).

French Polynesia

Air Polynesia, with DC4's, Twin Otters and Islanders, operates to Bora Bora, Hfahine, Moorea, Papeete, Raiatea and Rangiroa.

Details from RAI, Quai Bir Hakeim, Papeete, or any UTA office.

Air Tahiti and Air Moorea, with light aircraft, operate shuttle service from Papeete to Moorea and charter service to Raiatea, Bora Bora, Huahine, Rangiroa and Manihi.

Air Tahiti with Piper Aztec and RAI with Twin Otter operate services from Papeete to Ua Huka.

Gilbert And Ellice Islands

Fiji Airways, with Herons, operates regular services between Tarawa, Butaritari, North Tabiteuea and Abemama.

Guam - Us Trust Territory

Continental-Air Micronesia with 727 s and DC6s operates regular service connecting Honolulu, Okinawa and Guam with Saipan, Rota, Yap, Palau, Truk, Ponape, Kwajalein and Majuro.

Details from Air Micronesia and Saipan.

Air Pacific, with Piper Navajos, operates regular services linking Guam, Saipan, Tinian, and Rota, and charter services are available to other Trust Territory islands.

Details, Air Pacific Inc., Saipan Lagoon Aviation Inc. and Marshall Islands Air Taxi Service, both with Grumman Widgeons, operate charter services for the Marshalls district, based on Majuro. MIATS has regular scheduled services to Kwajaleen and Ponape, and utilises a D-50 Beech.

Papua - New Guinea

TAA operates throughout the territory.

Ansett operates throughout the territory.

Aerial Tours operates mostly in the Sepik district. . u , .

Territory Airlines operates in the nign- Macair operates throughout the territory.

Bougainville Air Services Ltd. operates charter services on Bougainville.

New Caledonia

Air Caledonie, with Twin Otters, and Islanders operates regular services to Houailou. Isle of Pines, Isle Ouen, Kone, Koumac, Lifou, Mare, Noumea, Ouvea, Touho, Mueo, Belep, Tiga. .

Details from Air Caledonie, Noumea.

New Hebrides

Air Melanesiae with Britten-Norman Islanders operates to Santo, Malekula (Norsup and Lamap), Aoba (Walaha and Longana), Pentecost (Lonorore), Erromanga, Tongoa, Aneityum, Tanna and Vila Twenty-one direct flights connect with all UTA flights Noumea-Vila and return.

Details from Air Melanesiae, PO Box 72, Vila.

Solomon Islands

Solair, with Beech Barons and Islanders operates to Auki, Avu Avu, Barakoma, Gizo, Honiara, Kira Kira, Marau, Munda Parasi Sege Yandina, Santa Cruz, Mono, Rennet! Is., Choiseul Bay and Ballalae. .... .* j Details from Solomon Islands Airways Ltd., Box 23, Honiara, BSIP. 98 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Classified Advertisements Per line, 95c Anst.; Minimum rate. 4 lines.

STAMPS COLLECTOR want's to buy Postage Stamps: Papua, New Guinea, Pacific Islands. Any quantity, used. Write offer or send to O. E. Anders, 24 Watkins St., Bondi 2026, (Sydney), Australia.

Positions/Partnerships

COUPLE with extensive experience in holiday resort design, promotion and management, desire to work in Pacific Islands tourist industry. Would invest $35,000. Please direct correspondence to: Bamboo Interiors, Airlie Beach, 4800, Nth Q’ld., Australia.

ACCOMMODATION

Park View Motel—Brisbane

Quiet location—opp. Botanic Gardens.

Single, double, family suites, all with refrig., air conditioning, phone, TV, radio, tea making facilities, from $lO. Pool and restaurant.

Phone 31-2695—Telex 40270.

Write for coloured brochure— Park View Motel, 128 Alice St, BRISBANE, Old., 4000.

Visiting Brisbane?

Stay at TOWER MILL MOTEL. First class air-conditioned accommodation, T.V., private bathroom and verandah with a delightful view. Two restaurants.

From $lO.OO per day.

Book through your Travel Agent or Airline office or direct to 239, Wickham Terrace, Brisbane. Telephone 31-1421.

BOOKS, MAGAZINES, ETC.

ALL BOOKS AND JOURNALS ON AUS-

Pralasia And The Pacific Bought

AND SOLD. Catalogues issued and sent free on application. Correspondence In- Berkelonw > 114 King St., Sydney. *OOO. Telephone: 28-7874.

BODEN’S BOAT DESIGNS PTT. LTD., 695 George St., Sydney. 2000. Get your Bodens Boat Designs and Boat Building Book from newsagents everywhere. Posted direct $A2.20 surface mail.

Rambler'S Guide To

Norfolk Island

$l.OO at bookstalls or from Pacific Publications (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney (plus 18c postage).

Faster schedules for Fiji Air Fiji Airways’ new jet aircraft, the BAC One-Eleven 475, is expected to be flying around the South Pacific by next April—on a new, streamlined schedule.

Because the BAC has greater passenger capacity than the HS 748 76 seats to 40—and greater speed, it will be possible to cut down frequencies, the Melanesian Tourist Federation was told at its meeting in Vila on June 2. There will be one flight a week from Fiji through Vila, Santo and Honiara to Port Moresby; a weekly flight from Fiji to Vila and Santo and ending at Honiara, and a third flight from Fiji to Vila. There will be no overnight stop at Honiara on the Fiji-Port Moresby flight.

UTA plans to increase its services from Noumea to Vila in January from four flights a week to five, all by Caravelle. It is also hoping to start a new service between Noumea and Japan in two to three years’ time. • Fiji Airways’ newly-introduced night flights between Nadi and Suva are proving popular. The new schedules ease Suva-Nadi travel, particularly where connections with overseas flights are concerned. The night flights operate seven nights a week. Flights out of Nausori are at 6.30 p.m. and 10 p.m. and from Nadi at 8.30 p.m. • Niue’s new airfield is changing its name—from Vaiola Aerodrome to Hanan Aerodrome after New Zealand’s late Minister for Island Affairs, Mr. J. R. Hanan, the name the island’s Legislative Asembly originally picked. When Mr. Hanan was in office he was approached by the Assembly and asked to give his name to the air strip. He declined because he felt it would be inappropriate as he was still in office.

WANTED WANT LONG LEASE, or freehold, on island near beach, about ten homesltes for retirement or vacation. Will consider small plantation. E, A. Morris, Esq., 34th Floor, Bank of America Center, San Francisco, Calif. 94104, U.S.A.

WANTED TO BUY TRADE STORE. Anywhere in South Pacific. Please reply c/- Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney, 2000.

I WILL PURCHASE STAMPS on envelopes postally used anywhere in the South Pacific Islands. Write to: Peters, P.O. Box 3272, Honolulu, Hawaii.

EDUCATIONAL BUDDHIST view of life and basic human problems, their cause and remedy. Free literature: Buddhist Society, Box 61, Kandy, Ceylon. Seamail free; airmail enclose postage.

FOR SALE

Ferroconcrete Trawler Design

HULL. 50 ft x 17 ft, displacement 43 tons, hull is completed, fitted out as required, basic hull & decks. $lO,OOO. Can supply Gardner 6LX 2nd Hand W/shaft, Prop, etc. Further details contact: Honiara Marina & Shipyard Co. Ltd., P.O. Box 144, Honiara, 8.5.1. P.

FERRO-CONCRETE COASTAL LAUNCH. 38 ft x 12 ft. New, with marine ply superstructure, nav. lights, 5 bunks, hydraulic steering, galley, stove, fridge, sink, toilet, shower, etc. Motor not fitted yet, with Ford 271 SE Diesel, W/Borg Warner 3:1 Hydraulic G/Box. $lB,OOO.

Enquiries: Honiara Marina & Shipyard Co. Ltd., Box 144, Honiara, 8.5.1. P,

Maurice Crisp

Ship, Launch, and Yacht Broker.

Huddart Parker Building.

Post Office Square, Wellington, NEW ZEALAND.

For all types of commercial and pleasure craft, whether buying or selling. For further information, write C.P.O. Box 854, Wellington, or Phone 44-009.

After hours 888-307. Telegrams "Nautilus"

New Zealand and Pacific coverage.

CONCRETE BLOCK MACHINE. Makes blocks, flags, edgings, screen-blocks, garden stools —up to 8 at once and 06 an hour. SAIO7 c.l.f. main ports. Send for leaflets. Forest Farm Research, Londonderry, N.S.W., 2753.

LAND FOR SALE OR LEASE. Beautifully situated, with sweeping view of the entire Segond Canal. Suitable hotel site. For further details write to: Box 32, Santo, New Hebrides.

FLEETS. New 35 ft carvel workboat, mar ?i« sel ’, radio - sounder, light winch gear, 400 gals, fuel, 3 berths, some hold space, $20,000. Fleets, Rowe’s Bldg., Edward St..

Brisbane. Cable: Fleets, Brisbane.

SUBMERSIBLE DECOMPRESSION CHAMBER

(With Gauges)

Interior dimensions, 4 ft diameter x 7 ft; 3 observation windows; door lock end; test, 240 p.s.i.; workable, 133 p.s.i.; weight, 7,000 lb.

PRESSURE VESSEL, 20 in, diameter x 10 ft; test, 3,000 lb; working 2,000 lb.

McDermotts metals PTY. LTD., 82 McEvoy St., Alexandria, N.S.W., 2015. Phone: 69-1217. 99 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

managed third place in the 800 metres, behind Diohoue and Wamo of New Caledonia but still broke her own previous record. She should improve with more local competition.

New Hebrides won the 4 x 100 metres relay.

In the field events Leisale and Didin between them demolished the opposition in the shot, discus and javelin with throws of 10.22 metres, 33.18 metres and 37.65 metres respectively. It was in the two jumps however that Elocie of New Caledonia showed us how far we are behind in these events.

The competition stimulated performances on both sides and was an unqualified success. The NHAAA has since tried to get a small team to Fiji for similar competition but found it couldn’t afford the fare. As in most countries the AA depends largely on its own fund-raising abilities to provide cash and in a small territory the resources are limited.

Since the New Caledonia match we have had the traditional Queen’s Birthday sports meeting (June 11) but this took place in almost continual rain.

No records were broken but athletes began to show great competitive spirit in chasing the tape.

At the Lakatoro Queen’s Birthday sports, Ruth of South-West Bay was only half a second behind the New Hebrides record for the 200 metres, winning in 26.35, the fastest time recorded in Vila this season. Mary Rion, of Nakatoro, cleared 4 ft 8 in. in the high jump. The next meeting, the national championships, will be held on July 10 with final selection for Tahiti taking place the next day.

Mr. Poczobut returns then, so the New Hebrides expects to be sending a strong team of about 20 athletes to the Games.

Fourteen Pacific territories will take part in September in the Fourth South Pacific Games in Tahiti. The surprise, however, lies in the fact that only five territories will compete in swimming, which should be the number one sport.

Twelve territories will compete in boxing. As was expected, the host territory, French Polynesia, will participate in every sport. Following are the entries: Athletics: All 14 territories will participate in the men’s events, but on the women’s side the Gilbert and Ellice will be missing.

Basketball: Men: Fiji, Guam, Nauru, New Hebrides, PNG, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Wallis, New Caledonia. Women: Cooks, Fiji, New Hebrides, PNG, French Polynesia, American Samoa, New Caledonia.

Boxing : All territories except Nauru and GEIC, Underwater fishing : Cooks, Fiji, Guam, French Polynesia, Solomons, Tonga, Wallis, New Caledonia.

Cycling: Guam, New Hebrides, PNG, French Polynesia, Wallis, New Caledonia.

Soccer : Fiji, Cooks, New Hebrides, PNG, French Polynesia, Tonga, New Caledonia.

Golf: Men: Fiji, Guam, New Hebrides, PNG, French Polynesia.

Women: Fiji, Guam, PNG, French Polynesia.

Weight-lifting: Fiji, PNG, French Polynesia, Western Samoa, Wallis, ew ,^ a^.9. XT tt UrJrUc Judo: Fiji, Guam, French Poiynesia, Solomons, Amencan Samoa, New Caledonia.

French’ ( pSynes?a, New Caledonia.

Rugby: Cooks, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Western Samoa, Wallis, New Caledonia.

Softball: Guam, Nauru, PNG, French Polynesia, American Samoa.

Tennis : Women and men: Cooks, Fiji, GIC, Guam, Nauru, New Hebrides, PNG, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Western Samoa, New Caledonia.

Table Tennis: Men: Cooks, Fiji, Guam, PNG, French Polynesia, Solomons, New Caledonia. Women: Fiji, PNG, French Polynesia, New Caledonia.

Archery ; Fiji, PNG, French Polynesia, New Caledonia.

Volleyball : Men: Cooks, Fiji, Guam, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Tonga, Wallis, New Caledonia.

Women: Guam, French Polynesia, American Samoa, Tonga, Wallis, New Caledonia.

Yachting: Cooks, Fiji, Guam, PNG? French Polynesia, Solomons, Western Samoa, New Caledonia.

An interesting point is tha t Guam is participating in 13 out of 17 sports hi h for the s!ze c f Guam is considered a yery bjg eflort In tennis, players will probably be able to call for yellow balls if desired.

Competitors and spectators using Mormon facilities at Papeete will be required not to smoke or drink.

N Q Women'S Club Meetng

, ...... xr „ The annual meeting of the New Guinea Women s Club will be held m Sydney on July 29 at 11 a.m., at 161 Castlereagh Street. Morning tea tollows.

Deaths Of Islands People

Capt. L. Wild Retired US Navy Captain Laurence Wild, Governor of American Samoa during World War 11, has died in Coronado, California, at the age of 81.

Kaliopasi Fe'iloakitau Kaho A member of the Tonga civil service for 45 years, Kaliopasi Fe’iloakitau Kaho (Sione) died on June 3 at his home at Kolofo’ou at the age of 89. Educated at Tonga College, he served in the Education Department for 24 years.

He was appointed a police magistrate in 1933 and in 1937 was Acting Governor of Vavau. His eldest brother, Tev was a Premier of Tonga.

Mr. S. Smith Mr. Stuart Smith, a former bond keeper and auditor in the Norfolk Island administration for 17 years, died at his home on the island on June 15 aged 83. A Queenslander, Mr. Smith, better known as “Smithy”, arrived on Norfolk in 1908 as a Pacific Cable Board operator, then served in World War I, returning to the island in 1938.

Mr. A. Bell Holder of the New Hebrides amateur athletic records for the long jump and triple jump, Mr. Alan Bell has died in New Zealand. He came to the condominium 13 years ago as a carpenter with the Presbyterian Church, joined the British Service three years later and before returning to New Zealand last October was building foreman with the Works Department. He was a founder of the New Hebrides Amateur Athletic Association and represented the New Hebrides in the first South Pacific Games at Suva in 1963.

Mr. Julian Reimers Julian Reimers, eldest son of leading Majuro businessman Robert Reimers, died in Guam Hospital in May from head injuries received when his pickup and a jeep collided in a Majuro street.

He is survived by his wife Reity and 12 children. 100 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Tahiti Games

Continued from p. 26

COME ON DOWN!

See your Travel Agent or AIR NEW ZEALAND for further information.

Air New Ie Aland

Knows The South Pacific Best

Freshen up down South in a clean, green country where even the prices keep you cool.

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Come on down to New Zealand, the clean, green country with the clearest skies in the South Pacific. ¥ *4' f jiter im a PP'J; Mk vts ■■ • .

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What’s the Stout got that the Land Cruiser and these other Toyotas got?

Quality and guts.

The TOYOTA LAND CRUISER has got it. 4-wheel drive. 6-cylinder 155 HP engine.

Fantastic gear combinations of six forward speeds and two reverse. It doubles as a versatile family fun car, too.

Then there’s the big horse pickup, TOYOTA STOUT. The front and rear axles, suspension and powerful brakes feature the stoutness of those used in heavier duty trucks. Plus if packs a 1 06HP engine. Big cab and cargo box.

Plenty of legroom in front and space in back.

And the split bench seat has cushion comfort.

You get power, safety, economy and stoutness, too. * TOOMWXK But you may like the dual rear wheel TOYOTA DYNA. You can choose a heavy duty pickup. Or a bigger payload platform truck.

Even a double cab and delivery van. With either a husky 106 HP gasoline engine or an economical ZOHPdiesel job.

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TOOACVNA ISTRIBUTORS; TERRITORY OF PAPUA & NEW GUINEA ELA MOTORS LIMITED; Burns Philp Hou jpuo IU S TRUST TERRITORY MICROI CORPORATION: PO. Box 234, Saipan, Monona Islands. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands / Jl ISLAND AUTOMOTIVE SUPPLIES CO., LTD., PO Box 355. Su»o / AMERICAN SAMOA BURNS PHILP (SOUTH SEA) CO., LTD., Pago igo / WESTERN SAMOA BURNS PHILP (SOUTH SEA) LTD., Ap.o / GUAM RICKY'S AUTO CO., P O. Box 1458, Agono / NEW HEBRi es burns philp (n.h.) ltd., v.i a / Solomon islands zephyr service station pty ltd.. Hon.ora / new Caledonia soars d importation automobile DU PACIFIC, Noumea / TAHITI ITABLISSEmENTS ImILE A MARTIN & FILS, B P 41 Papeete TOYOTA

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End Roof Panel

Roof Joint Flashing

Ntermediate Metal Roof

PANEL

Roof Cover Bracket

End Roof Panel

Door Panel

Lock Up Door

Awning Window Panels

Floor Panel

Corner Cover

Corner Bracket

Wall Panel

pre-fabricated Exploded view of FLOOR frames typical unit CORNER cover .

Pillarbilt Demountable Units—erected in 4% hours by unskilled labour It's true!

Pillarbilt Demountable Units can be erected by anyone.

A basic 9’ x 9’ unit can be easily erected by two men in 4!/2 hours.

You don’t need power tools.

You don't need screws and nails. These great units simply bolt together. Or. . . for transport ... unbolt easily to be taken to the next site.

Fourteen standard sizes to choose from. All wall panels are standard sized and interchangeable for easy re-arrangement. Panel sizes are 8’ high, 3’ and 4’ in width.

Roofing: Profiled zinc coated metal roofing, pre-finished with thermo setting white vinyl paint. Features exclusive wide over-hanging eaves.

Wall Panels: Corrosion resistant steel framing with exterior cladding of flexible asbestos cement or galvanized crimp steel.

Flooring: Optional. Factory finished hardwood drop-in floor panels.

Ceiling: Optional. Drop-in asbestos panels with or without insulation.

Assembly: Complete easy to follow assembly instructions are issued with all kits.

Packs are complete with all brackets, bolts, cover strips, cover plates and door locks.

For further information please write to: Please send details on Pillarbilt Units Please tick sizes (floor area) applicable to you □ 9’x 9’ □ 9’xlB’ o 10’x12’ □ 10’x18’ □ 12’x15’ □ 9’xl2’ □ 10’x 9’ □ 10’x15’ □ 12’x12’ □ 12’x24’

Pillar Naco

Pty. Limited

Name....

Address . naco 104 JULY. 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Nauru revisited AN ISLAND REPUBLIC

Faces Up To

Its Problems

By Michael Batten

Re-visiting Nauru for the first time since independence one cannot fail to be impressed with what has been achieved in little more than three years.

The island has changed little, physically. It is still remarkable to me, even flying overhead, that Nauru is so little scarred by the phosphate extraction which has been going on for more than 60 years.

To the visitor from the big city, it still conjures up the tropical islands of storybooks, with its encircling reef, white sand and coconut palms. But once-sleepy Naum is very much on the move.

The first and most obvious change is in the getting there. When I first went to Naum, only three years ago, the only method was by chartered Qantas DC4—and a very long and tiring trip it was.

Now the Nauruans operate their own airline—Air Nauru—using a French Falcon 550 mph pure jet. It’s only an eight seater, but flies at 41,000 ft and gives as comfortable a ride as any jet I have been in. Flying time Melbourne-Nauru is about seven hours.

And “mini” though the plane is, the service and cuisine is of “maxi” standard.

Having its own airline has opened up communications for Nauru. The President, various ministers and those running the Nauru Phosphate Corporation, are frequent commuters between Naum and the republic’s office in Melbourne.

Just as the airline has opened up communications, the republic has opened up trade with its Naum Pacific Shipping Lines. The line now has three vessels, Eigamoiya, Rosie D (formerly Triaster ), and Enna G, which serve the island and operate variously to New Guinea ports, Western Samoa and Guam. The Naumans are pleased with the volume of cargo and passengers which the ships are carrying.

But no matter how important the shipping line may be in the future, it is still the phosphate industry which dominates Nauru’s thinking. The transfer of management from the BPC has been accomplished smoothly.

Many of the key BPC personnel have elected to remain with the new management.

The NPC has been actively exploring new markets in addition to the traditional ones of Australia and New Zealand. Under the agreements made at the time of the handover of the industry, Australia and NZ undertook to buy a guaranteed quantity of phosphate from Nauru only until the end of the 1971-72 fiscal year.

Thereafter, there are no guarantees.

Naum has already developed a worthwhile market in Japan, and in return has placed an order for a 31,000 ton bulk phosphate carrier with a Japanese shipyard.

Although the natural quality of Naum phosphate remains among the highest in the world (dig a shovel into the field and you will probably come up with 83 per cent, pure phosphate), even the best natural products have to be marketed correctly in this age of advanced technology. (over) • At top, Nauru's Parliament meets, Speaker Aroi in the chair. Its deliberations are often centred round its phosphate riches typified by the picture on the right which shows workers gouging out phosphate from pockets in the coral pinnacles that can't be reached by mechanical grabs. 105 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

yXi • ltd. * ty p Established 1890 offering merchants in the Pacific, buying service giving prompt, careful and expert attention to all requirements.

For that service with a difference, cable "Success", Sydney.

Sole Distributors in the Pacific for: Tilley lamps, Plastevic antifouling paints, Fulda tyres, Success & Tiara footwear, 4711 Eau de Cologne, Hilite batteries, Woodcemair prefab houses, Ross frozen foods, Balgay jams, Success canned fish, kerosene refrigerators, jute sacks, ice cream, torches, textiles, furniture, electric appliances.

Highest Prices Obtained On World Markets

FOR YOUR SHELL - COCOA - COFFEE - COPRA - ETC. 31 MACQUARIE PLACE, SYDNEY, N.S.W. 2000.

G.P.O. BOX 5315, SYDNEY, 2001.

SUCCESS'—Sydney

Cable Addresses

'TAllCO'—Sydney^ 106 JULY, 1971—PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

m HELLABY’S

Canned Meats

ff CROWN PACIFIC 1 ' ARROW " ff SK£ ff Ns II CORHtD#** $ 9?

Southern Pacific Insurance

Company Limited

Head Office: Equitable Life Building, 80 Alfred Street, Milsons Point, N.S.W., 2061.

Specialising in Pacific Island Insur for over 30 years. iquiremenfa • FIRE • FIRE AND VOLCANIC ERUPTION • HOUSEHOLD COMPREHENSIVE • MOTOR VEHICLE • COMPULSORY THIRD PARTY • COMPULSORY WORKERS' COMPENSATION

• Public Liability • Marine

Enquiries invited for all classes of insurance from special representatives ati RABAUL: Jack T. Ray—Manager for Papua & New Guinea, Mango Avenue. P.O. Box 123.

LAE: Alex B. Barker—Manager at Lae, Kam Hong's Building, Central Avenue. P.O. Box 758. PORT MORESBY; H. A. K. McKee—Manager at Port Moresby, Maloney's Building, Cuthbertson Street. P.O. Box 136. SUVA-FIJI: L. M. Rolls—Manager for Fiji, McGowan's Building, Margaret Street. P.O. Box 521.

Fertiliser plants around the world are beginning to demand finer crushing, and to meet this demand the NPC is planning to install a new plant which will crush to a size of minus i in. instead of the present minus 2 in.

Further upgrading is planned with the installation of a calcining plant (a process which removes moisture and reduces the content of impurities including limestone). Other new equipment to be installed will enable even the phosphate dust to be utilised, by being compounded into pellets.

Nauru is still dependent on expatriate skills in both the running of the phosphate industry and in the government itself. Yet NPC now employs 117 Nauruans compared with 140 expatriates, and more than 70 per cent, of the posts in the Nauru Public Service are held by Nauruan citizens.

Nauru suffers from a fairly high turnover of expatriate staff. Life in distant, small communities requires a special kind of people, and in the process of finding these people, many others pass through the system.

Nauru is intent on educating its own people to take increasing responsibility. There is a scholarship system at secondary school level, with 20 children selected each year to study at a school of their choice (normally Australia). There is also a cadetship scheme at tertiary level which assists intending university students and those undertaking other courses at tertiary level (such as schools of mines, etc.).

An apprenticeship scheme also operates.

The results of these education assistance schemes are becoming apparent.

Nauruan graduates include a doctor of medicine, a dental surgeon, and a Bachelor of Arts in political science.

There are also five Fiji-trained Nauruan doctors (Diploma of Medicine and Surgery) at the Nauruan General Hospital.

Currently, Nauruan cadets are pursuing studies as diverse as business administration, nursing, law, medicine, engineering, dental mechanics and surveying in Australia, NZ, New Guinea and Hawaii.

Nauruans are also emerging as teachers. Some, including Lawrence Stephen, a member of parliament, have graduated with the Diploma of Teaching English as a Second Language from the University of Papua and New Guinea and returned home to teach own people.

Stephen is one of the young brigade who was elected to parliament in the first poll since the original elections which followed independence. Their 107 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971 Nauru revisited

♦ Sullivan Export Service *

C. SULLIVAN (EXPORT) PTY. LTD. 4th Floor, Kemblo Building, 60 MARGARET STREET, SYDNEY, 2000, N.S.W.

Telephone: 29-8144 (6 lines).

MELBOURNE

Sullivan (Export)

PTY. LTD. 59 William Street, Melbourne, 3000, Vic.

Telephone: 62-6600 Cables and Telegrams: CHASULL, Melbourne Also at; PORT MORESBY • Telegrams and Cables: CHASULL, Sydney BRISBANE

C. Sullivan (Q'Land)

PTY. LTD.

Empire House, cnr. Queen & Wharf Sts., Brisbane. 4000 (G.P O Box 1697 V, Brisbane, 4001.) Telephone: 24958 Cables and Telegrams: CHASULL, Brisbane

New Zealand

C. SULLIVAN (N.Z.) LTD.

Levein Building, cnr. Paul & Alrdaie Sts., Auckland, 1 Telephone: 36-0472.

Cables and Telegrams: CHASULL, Auckland.

LAE • RABAUL • SUVA • LAUTOKA • LONDON • SAN FRANCISCO

Offering A Comprehensive Buying Service

To Islands Clients

Other Hanoi Products!

Handi' range of quality products also includes: a portable Twin-Burner Stovette and 'Handi' Pumpless Petrol Iron.

Keep a HANOI handy!

No need to fumble and fume! Throw light on the subject with a 'Handi'. It's twice as bright as electric light. Completely stormproof. Simple and safe to use.

Pressure Operated

One filling gives 12 hours of brilliant 300 candle-power lighting. Built to last, with chromed, rust-proofed finish. Petrol or Kerosene models.

Ask for Handi! Everywhere! 108 JULY, 1971 —PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

The Best Of Both Worlds

COLORGAN

Sound Actuated Lighting System

Operates from any sound system stereo tape recorder, etc.

Background, Gain and Delay Controls.

All solid state construction.

Cristallux display spheres, complete with lamps cable and Atlas stand.

Coloured Music is a delight to watch. You and your friends will be amazed at the instant response to the Colour to Sound similarity.

Translator Enterprises

MUSK YOU CAN Made in Australia—fully guaranteed.

CHEGWYN ST., BOTANY, N.S.W. 2019 AUSTRALIA election highlighted another trend on Nauru —growing political awareness.

Question time in parliament is frequently an opportunity for the young brigade to aim pinpricking questions at the cabinet ministers—albeit with good humour. With one of the team being a graduate in political science (Australian National University graduate Kinza Clodumar), the government could hardly expect anything else.

Despite the obvious signs of progress, Nauru’s President Hammer Deßoburt remains impatient. A tireless worker himself (he recently telephoned a senior public servant at 3 a.m. to complain that the electricity had been cut off, interrupting his labours) he expects everyone else to be equally dedicated.

The President remains personally involved in all important decisions and still travels extensively, particularly to Australia. He is highly respected by both Nauruans and expatriates.

With the results of its phosphate revenues, Nauru has been able to remain a duty-free, income tax-free haven in the Pacific, and there is no indications that these policies will change.

It takes a visitor from Sydney a long time to adjust to prices such as 14c for 20 cigarettes, bottled-in-Scotland Scotch for $1.76, and French wine for $l.lO. At the NPC staff club, to which all expatriates automatically belong, a beer costs seven cents, and any spirit 14c (with the “mixer” drink thrown in free).

Duty-free prices and absence of income tax have probably been the biggest lure to expatriates in the past, but with the deterioration in the quality of life in Australia’s big cities, Nauru’s other attributes—absence of pollution, traffic snarls and crime— President DeRoburt 109 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971 Nauru revisited

MORRIS HEDSTROM LIMITED

Head Office: Suva, Fiji

LONDON OFFICE: MORRIS HEDSTROM LTD., Park House, 22 Park Street, Croydon, CR9 BNP

• General Merchants

• Produce Buyers

• Importers And

EXPORTERS

• Plantation Owners

• Commission And

Insurance Agents

AUSTRALIAN REPRESENTATIVE: W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD., (Merchandise Division) The A. Gr N.Z. Building, 68 Pitt Street, Sydney, 2000.

Registered Cable Addresses: • DEUBA—SUVA • CAMOHE—SYDNEY • SUV AMARK—LONDON • MORRISCO—NUKUALOFA • DEUBA—APIA • CODES: ALL.

AGENTS AND DISTRIBUTORS FOR: • Bacardi International • China Navigation Co. • Crittall Hope Export • John Dewar & Sons Ltd. • Electrolux Limited • Elizabeth Arden • Evinrude Outboard Motors • Ford Motor Co. • Glaxo Laboratories • Goodyear Tyre & Rubber Co. • Guinness Exports Ltd. • Jas Hennessy & Co. • Imperial Chemical Industries • Mobil Oil Australia Ltd. • Max Factor & Co. Inc. • McWilliams Wines Pty.

Ltd. • Napier Bros. Ltd. • Parker Pen Company • Proctor & Gamble • Rootes Ltd. • Ronson Products Ltd. • Rowntree & Co. Ltd. • Tanqueray Gordon & Co Ltd. • Taubmans Ltd. • Viners of Sheffield • Yorkshire Imperial Metals Ltd Morris Hedstrom Ltd. are LLOYD'S AGENTS in FIJI and WESTERN SAMOA.

For friendly service and complete satisfaction ii r s Morris Hedstrom Ltd. in

Fiji - Western Samoa - Tonga

110 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Benefit From 85 Years

Of Insurance Experience

QUEENSLAND INSURANCE Company Limited (INCORPORATED 1886 IN AUSTRALIA) HEAD OFFICE: 82 Pitt Street, Sydney FIJI —Branch Office, Suva, Manager for Fiji: K. Galloway.

LAUTOKA, BA, LEVUKA, LABASA—Bums Philp (South Sea) Co. Limited. District Manager at Lautoka: U. Singh.

PAPUA & NEW GUlNEA—Branch Office, Port Moresby: Manager for Papua & New Guinea: D. J. Granter.

SAMARAI, LAE, MADANG, RABAUL, KAVIENG, MT. HAGEN—Bums Philp (New Guinea) Limited.

District Manager at Rabaul: J. S. Bell. District Manager at Lac: J. D. Mac Lean. District Manager at Mt. Hagen: G. F. Donnelly.

HONIARA (b.s.i.p.) —Brcckwoldt & Company (5.1.) Pty. Limited.

NOUMEA—T. A. Hagen, Ste W.A. Johnston S.A.R.L.

VlLA—Bums Philp (New Hebrides) Limited.

SANTO—Bums Philp (New Hebrides) Limited.

NORFOLK ISLAND—Bums Philp (South Sea) Co. Limited.

OTHER SOUTH SEA ISLANDS—Bums Philp (South Sea) Co. Limited.

Assets exceed $ A 65,000,000

Saddlery And Riding Equipment

Send for FREE illustrated catalogue of;— Saddlery Horse rugs Breaking-in-gear Whips (Stock and riding) Yarding canes (sheep and cattle) Riding clothing Riding boots (elastic-side and Polo) Polo equipment Driza-bone raincoats Pony Club and Hunting Caps

Home Tanning Outfits

For tanning all kinds of skins. Kangaroo, rabbit, sheep, crocodile, bullock hides, etc Price $3.50 Post FREE.

JOHN CHARLTON & CO. PTY. LTD. 168-170 PACIFIC HIGHWAY, ST. LEONARDS, N.S.W., 2065 Phones: 43-1010, 43-6087. After Hours: 451-4718.

Telegraphic & Cable Address: "CHARLTONS", Sydney. may well prove to be equal attractions in the future.

No one locks the door of his home or car. About the only offences are traffic violations—not surprising when you consider that there are about 900 cars and 1,100 motor cycles on the 8i square mile island for a total population of 6,600.

Mention of the law reminds me that Nauru’s progress is not confined to material things. For example, major revisions of the Criminal Code are being undertaken currently by Chief Justice Thompson and legal advisers.

The main revisions will be to incorporate many reforms recently introduced in the UK and Fiji, and to rationalise relative sentences for offences. When the review is completed, Nauru’s Criminal Code will be among the most advanced in the world.

Other reforms are intended to suit purely local conditions. For example, because there are presently no barristers or solicitors practising on Nauru (outside the Justice Depart-, ment) the courts will accept “pleaders”—unqualified people who have to pass an examination set by the court and who receive an annual practising certificate which is capable of being revoked.

However, it is likely that the government will invite a legal firm to establish a branch on the island.

The phosphate revenues enable the islanders to have an enviable standard of living and a wide range of social services, including pensions, free housing, free hospital, medical and dental treatment, free telephones, and free bus transport to work and school.

The government provides homes for all its citizens. The latest design is an attractive, modern, two-storey home with brick ground floor and timber/ asbestos cement upper storey. All homes are sewered.

Apart from its homebuilding programme, the government is currently building a modern civic centre which will incorporate bank, post office, commercial offices, supermarket, and social centre. A new cinema, library and museum are also planned.

When I was on the island there had been no rain for many months (the drought has broken since), and there was a severe water shortage.

There is no natural catchment—and water was being brought in by tanker at a cost of as much as $4 per 1,000 gallons.

There is already a total of about 17m. gallons of water storage on the island, but with weekly consumption as high as 750,000 gallons, this will 111 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971 Nauru revisited

A great bunch of flours.

Robert Hutchinson makes the greatest bunch of flours In the Pacific. Bakers’ flour.

Superlite cake and sponge flours.

Biscuit flour and cracker flour.

Wheaten sharps and wheaten meal.

We’re particularly proud of our i bunch of flours. So we have a technical advisory service to help you use them properly.

So next time you see a Robert Hutchinson flour (or even one of our Hutmill stock feeds), remember it’s just one of the bunch i wm *5- £ rv.' Vm M m ROBERT HUTCHINSON LIMITED (he flour people Harrington Street, Glenroy, Victoria. Australia. 3046. Telephone Melbourne 306 7261 RHIO2 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY 112

I tt meet YORKSIL the plumber’s mate”!

Cocky little fellow isn’t he!

That's because of his tremendous success with plumbers since his introduction last year.

We know why, too! This brand new “compact” fitting costs less.

YORKSIL can save a plumber up to 20% on copper fittings for silver brazing. No wonder he’s so popular with the trade!

Mind you YORKSIL'S not the only star in the Yorkshire ‘family’ big brothers YORKWAY and YORKSHIRE still rate very high in popularity for other fitting applications.

Precision made in copper or non-dezincifiable brass and conforming to S.A.A. standard 8181, YORKSIL is available in sizes and in the 23 most popular types.

Ask Your Supplier For Yorksil

orh/il YORKSHIRE IMPERIAL (AUSTRALIA) PTY. LTD. 144-154 Milperra Road, Revesby, N.S.W., 2212. Phone 77-0561 MELBOURNE 569-0859 BRISBANE 36-0455 PERTH 24-1017 ADELAIDE 57-4445 YL/3B not outlast prolonged drought conditions.

The Nauruans are studying various alternatives—including a desalination plant. They have also had a study carried out **v a civil engineer who recommended creating giant storage tanks in the worked-out fields and covering them with special rubber sheeting to retard evaporation. Because of the limestone pinnacles which remain after phosphate mining, even this would require massive excavation work.

Another possibility would be to create storage under the airfield—the only large open space on the island.

As extensions to the airport are currently planned to lengthen the runway to 5,800 ft and to strengthen the surface to take large-sized jets, it is possible that the water storage problem could be tackled at the same time.

Mothers attack bride bartering The Anglican Mothers’ Union in Papua New Guinea has come out strongly against the custom of paying for brides with goods or cash.

The Mothers’ Union has passed a resolution declaring that the bride custom was “quite wrong” in cases where it had become simply a payment for the bride. However, members said the traditional “friendly exchange of gifts” between families of bride and groom was a perfectly acceptable custom.

As a result of the resolution, the union will ask its 4,000 members in the Territory to try to persuade their husbands to refuse to have anything to do with bride prices as a form of payment.

The PNG P resident of the union, Mrs. Ray Kendall, hopes it will soon be an accepted fact that families of Mothers’ Union members do not engage in bride price payments. This would be influential in eliminating the bad aspects of the custom and encouraging the good.

O Nauru, per head of population, has probably done more for the victims of the disastrous floods in East Pakistan earlier this year than any other country. An appeal for flood relief raised $13,608.77. Expenses incurred in raising the money totalled a mere $117.70. 113 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - J U L Y , 1971 Nauru revisited

W. H. GROVE & SONS LTD.

Established 1896 EXPORTERS P.O. Box 490, Auckland, New Zealand.

Telegraphic and Cable Address: 'Grove' Auckland. • Entrust your requirements to the firm with more than 70 years' practical experience in exporting to the Pacific Islands.

Accredited Agents for The New Zealand Dairy Board, The New Zealand Apple and Pear Marketing Board and exporters of all classes of New Zealand manufactured goods and produce. • IN FIJI as W. H. GROVE & SONS (FIJI) LTD.

For Consistent High Quality

# v A A i BRUNTON Terry Rood, Dulwich Hill, N.S.W. 2203 CO. PTY. LTD. Cables: '"Beacon and Brunton". Phone: 56-1448 F'tahlished 1868 Australia’s oldest export our millers. 114 JULY, 1971 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

2-80 K.V.A.

G.M. Diesel Alternators Coupled

With Synchronising Unit

Capable of delivering up to 160 k.v.a.

Both units have recently been overhauled.

Would consider selling separately or as a matched pair.

Full details and price on application to: MANAGER, TRADING DEPARTMENT, P. FERON (j SON LTD., P.O. BOX 83, CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND.

MICK SIMMONS LTD.

The Modern Home Of Sport

adidas ROME A strong very good looking shoe and for a long time our best seller Oxhide white upper, adidas Arch support, toe cap and reinforced heel counter. Now fitted with our newest patent, the "Achilles Protector".

Padded tongue and white aon-slip Olympia sole. Excellent for outdoor training and competition.

PRICE $12.95

Special Attention Given All Mail Orders

ORDERS AND ENQUIRIES TO MICK SIMMONS, 720 GEORGE STREET, HAYMARKET, N.S.W. 2000, AUSTRALIA

60 Ft. Vessel For Sale

JVoav Available New boat, constructed under Commonwealth survey, to open hull stage.

Ready for rapid completion to your requirements

Suit: Island Trading • Mission Boat

• Fishing • Special Purpose

Contact : WOODLEYS SLIPWAY PTY. LTD., I BALLS HEAD ROAD, WAVERTON, SYDNEY, N.S.W. 2060, AUSTRALIA, Phone: 92-1021.

On the record No sexual danger in this tablet taking The Medical Department’s tasks in the remoter parts of Fiji must seem difficult enough without rumours such as the latest one relating to filarial tablets!

The department has reported that the people of Macuata and Bua were reluctant to take the tablets because they feared their sex life would be affected.

A spokesman said: “There is a rumour in Macuata that the filarial tablets, which have to be taken regularly to cure filariasis, will prevent people from having children and that they interfere with men’s sex life.

“The Medical Department wishes to tell the people of Macuata and Bua most emphatically that this rumour is not true”.

The spokesman urged the Indian population and all the people in the area to support the anti-filarial campaign and to take the tablets at the prescribed time.

He added: “The rumours about the tablets interfering with the procreation of children and with sex life are pure imagination—but there is no imagination about the dreadful results which can stem from filariasis once it gets a firm hold.

“It can lead to the appalling disfigurement of elephantiasis, apart from it having a very bad effect on general health. The debilitation caused by filariasis is certainly calculated to interfere with sex life. The tablets will not interfere with it”.

Trait ends for shell collector Islands shell collectors probably won’t be seeing Willard Mohorter again. The 82-year-old American has decided to call it a day after 37 years criss-crossing the world, including the South Pacific, buying or collecting all kinds of shells.

Mr. Mohorter will now concentrate on managing the shell collection in a museum in his home town, Cincinnati, Ohio. Of the museum’s 23,000 shells, he has loaned 20,000 of them.

Mr. Mohorter retired 12 years ago as a publishing company executive, but long before that, from 1934, he had been taking several months off each year to travel the world in 115 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

D Jfapua new guinea printing co. ply. ltd.

Supplying the Territory with:

• Commercial Job Printing

• Paper Ruling

• Stationery Requirements

• Rubber Stamps

Mail Orders Invited P.O. Box 633, Port Moresby P.O. Box 759, Lae P.O. Box 30, Mount Hagen Cables & Telegrams: Printer Port Moresby and Lae I need restbaby's exhausted, too — What would you do?

I've tried to be an attentive mother but so many times I've felt at a loss to know just how to comfort my little one.

Baby, having arrived so much later than Tim and Jen, I'd really forgotten the distressing symptoms that come with teething troubles.

Then, in desperation I remembered Fisher's Teething Powder.

You'd be amazed what an effective and soothing aid they are to baby's sore gums, digestive disturbances and intestinal upsets which are natural teething disorders.

Another great virtue of Fisher's Teething Powders is their safety.

They do not contain Calomel, Opiates, Bromides or any harmful substances. Even if the baby by mischance should eat several, they could do no harm.

By giving your baby a Fisher's Teething Powder as needed, you not only keep the little one happy and well, but save yourself all those upsets and nervous tensions that beset a mother when her baby suffers distress. Be sure to get a supply of Fisher's Teething Powders from your chemist or store. Only 30 cents for 20 powders, write direct to Fisher & Co, Manufacturing Chemists, 17 May St., St. Peters, N.S.W. Postcode 2044.

The New Longer-Life R

Knives That Have The Edge

Over All Others

Swiss design and manufacture OBTAINABLE FROM THE LEADING BUTCHER SUPPLIERS Sole Importers:

Peter Fisher

TRADING PTY.LTD. 321 Pitt Street SYDNEY Telephone 26 1109 THE YORKSHIRE INSURANCE: CO. LTD. (Incorporated in England) A MEMBER OF THE GENERAL ACCIDENT GROUP OF COMPANIES

All Classes Of Insurance

AUSTRALIAN HEAD OFFICE: 10-12 Spring Street, Sydney Group Manager for Australia: R M. Trotter PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA BRANCH: Douglas Street, Port Moresby Manager: H. M. Harvey.

Chief Island Representatives

Port Moresby, James Services Pty. Ltd.; Rabaul, A.S.P. (N.G.) Ltd.; Lae, Radio Cabs (Lae) Ptyyt Ltd.; Madang, W. Stokes; Manus, Edgell & Whiteley Ltd.; Honiara, 8.5.1. P., E. V Lawsonnc Ltd.; Suva, Williams & Gosling Ltd.; Noumea, R. Laubreaux; Norfolk Island, Martin s Agencies Apia, E. A. Coxon & Co.

RAMBLER'S GUIDE TO NORFOLK ISLAND $l.OO at bookstalls or from Pacific Publications (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney (plus 18c postage). 116 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

%Vtc!a\ I time/?

Time To Turn

GRASS

Into Lawn!

A model available to suit all conditions and every purpose Obtainable from: SUVA MOTORS LTD.

Suva, Lautolca.

Island Products Ltd

Port Moresby.

New Guinea Co. Ltd

Rabaul, Madang, Lae, Mount Hagen, Minj, Goroka.

Your Next Leave

Modern up to the minute homes at Palm Beach, Avalon. Newport, Church Point.

Mona Vale, etc., available to Island Residents for Holidays. Write for information to: J. T. STAPLETON PTY. LTD.

ESTATE AGENTS, 133 PITT STRE£T, SYDNEY, 2000. 25-5305, 25-1737 also Box 32, P. 0., Avalon Beach, Sydney 2107. 918-2221. search of shells. In that time he has amassed the world’s largest individual collection of shells —more than 650,000. Mr. Mohorter has been visiting Fiji since the 1930 s and New Guinea since the late 19405, and once made news in Rabaul, New Guinea, by paying $l,lOO for a Gloria maris shell.

Making money's not all easy cash Making money’s not so popular any more, it seems, in the Solomons, A suggestion that a workshop or factory be set up on Malaita in the British Solomon Islands to make shell money, was turned down by a recent meeting at Busu, Small Malaita.

The meeting, attended by eight chiefs from the Tarapaina area and local council members, was called because there was some concern about the shortage of shell money, and the fact that the number of people able to make it was decreasing.

One of the reasons for the shortage was said to be that young girls were not interested in making the money because the job took a long time and because they were not paid well. It was explained at the meeting that it takes six months or more to make a ta’afuliae and costs about $72 if the people making it are paid in dollars.

At the meeting it was suggested that a factory be set up to make the money more quickly. It could then be sold and the workers better paid.

However (according to the local BSIP news sheet) the idea was opposed by several Langa Langa people, who did not think the art of making shell money was dying out. They said if a family wanted to make more, it was up to the man of the house to make the women work harder.

Confectionery takes Fiji coconuts Having been presented with an ?asy, profitable alternative outlet for their coconuts, some Savusavu danters have stopped producing copra >n their estates.

They are supplying husked cocomts to an American confectionerynanufacturing firm, Mendonca bandies. Its Nausori factory proluces frozen 1010 (coconut cream) or sweet-making in Hawaii. The company has plans to open a desicated coconut factory about two ailes from Savusavu township.

In negotiations with the company’s epresentative, Mr. Gerald Kleiman, 117 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

» nedlioyd Koninklijke Nedlloyd nv

Regular Sailings By Fast, Modern, Cargo Vessels

from CONTINENTAL PORTS via PANAMA to

Papeete, Apia, Suva, Lautoka, Noumea And

New Zealand

other ports called at subject to sufficient inducement heavy-lift facilities —refrigerated space—cargo deeptanks For further particulars apply to agents Ets. Donald Tahiti, Russell & Sommers (Wellington) Carpenter's Fiji Ltd., Interocean Australia Services Papeete. Ltd., Wellington, N.Z. Suva, Pty. Ltd., Sydney.

Morris Hedstrom & Co. Ltd., O. F. Nelson & Co. Ltd., Agence Maritime Pentecost, Lautoka. Apia. Noumea.

Ask for FOUREX—the clear sparkling amber beer... available in BOTTLES, CANS and STUBBIES The Popular KZJI ‘lts Quality Never Varies' Wholesale Distributors: C. SULLIVAN (NEW GUINEA) PTY. LTD., Port Moresby, Lae, Mt. Hagen, Rabaul, Kieta, Lautoka and Suva, Fiji.

AGENCIES: R. Bensley—Madang. Ping Shee & Co. —Wewak. E. V. Lawson Ply. Ltd.— Honiara, British Solomon Islands. pisnjiMiKj out* eastlemair'e BITTMAIf itSTUWd xxxx Fitter “•asr Brewed from the finest Ingredients by Castlemaine Perkins Limited, Brisbane. Queensland, Australia. 118 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

m *> % « Buy and sell the world with one phone call Overseas trips to secure new markets or to investigate new trends may be beyond the financial resources of some companies ... yet the price of a local phone call can put you in touch with the world.

ANZ Banking Group will give you general or specific information about any country ... it’s yours for the asking.

Get the facts on trade. Currency. Credit. Regulations and Legal Matters. Business transactions. Introductions.

Get through to the world through ANZ.

All enquiries to ANZ Bank, Administrative Headquarters, 351 Collins Street, Melbourne, Australia, 3000, telephone 61 2011, or to any ANZ branch in Fiji, Papua and New Guinea, British Solomon Islands and New Hebrides.

AISR

Australia Amd Mew Zealand

Banking Group Limited

Incorporating Anz Bank And Es4A Bank

ANZB64 the Copra Producers’ Association has managed to get a higher price for a ton of husked coconuts than is currently being paid for a ton of first-grade copra.

Mr. Robbie Lepper, of Wina Estate, was among the first to benefit when Mendonca Candies started buying husked coconuts from Savusavu about a year ago. He has been able to stop producing copra on his four estates and, as the company’s purchasing agent in the area, is now buying on its behalf from 10 other estates.

The company is reported to pay about SFI44 a ton (about 6,000 nuts). The price is fixed and there are no fluctuations.

“We don’t have to worry about the price of copra anymore,” Mr.

Lepper said. “WeTe sending at present about 300 sacks of coconuts ;ach week to the Mendonca factory. [ hope to increase this to 700 sacks.”

He said there were no freight charges. All that the planter had to io was husk the coconuts, count and ?ag them and payment was made on he spot.

Visitor business • The Trust Territory received 16,700 visitors last year according to he Office of Tourism —an increase )f 30 per cent, over 1969. Direct ourist expenditure in 1970 amounted o $2 million—about double that of [969. US visitors amounted to 60 )er cent., while Japanese tourists emained at 1969’s level of about 25 >er cent. Marianas had the most dsitors while Ponape had the fastest ;rowth rate. • Back in Agana, Guam, is Nor- )ert Unpingco, the newly-appointed lirector of Guam Visitors’ Bureau, rom a world-wide whistle-stop tour o promote Guam, sponsored by |anAm’s arch rival, TWA. Miss juam International, Flora Baza, accompanied Unpingco on his trip. • Fiji, in the first quarter of this r ear, had 10,000 more staying visitors han in the first quarter last year, '5,000 compared with 25,000. Most pectacular increase was in Canadian isitors who, for the same period, inreased by more than 81 per cent, 'lew Zealanders were 50 per cent, lore, Americans 48 per cent, and Uistralians 32 per cent. The March 3tal was nearly 33 per cent, more han that for March last year, with Americans contributing nearly 5,000 3 the total of 12,000, Australians early 3,000, New Zealanders 1,300 nd Canadians over 800. Only 3 per ent. of the March visitors came by ea. 119 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

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In a Nutshell • The meeting of Pacific Islands leaders will take place in New Zealand from August 5 to 7, the Fiji Prime Minister, Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara said in Suva on June 20. The meeting was suggested when PIPA met in Nukualofa in April and later Ratu Mara asked the NZ Prime Minister, Sir Keith Holyoake, to host the meeting. • Philippine Air Lines will not take advantage at present of new rights to fly into Port Moresby on flights between Manila and Melbourne, via Sydney, as it is not an economic proposition because of weight restrictions.

A full aircraft from either Australia or the Philippines would be unable to take off from Port Moresby if it put down there.

A Philippine Air Lines spokesman said in June the airline realised the potential of Port Moresby as a commercial proposition. The airline has been granted permission to fly into Port Moresby on its Philippines-Australia flights three times a week. In December, 1973, the number of flights may be increased to four.

An Australia-Philippines air service agreement was recently negotiated in Melbourne. This gives Qantas and Philippine Air Lines formal rights to fly into the Philippines and Australia.

It replaces a provisional agreement under which the airlines have been operating between Manila and Sydney. • The PNG House of Assembly in June invited President Suharto of Indonesia to visit the territory. Julius Chan (Namatanai) moved a motion asking the Australian Government to thank the Indonesian Speaker and Parliament for their hospitality given to a PNG delegation in April, and then went a step further. • Badly battered by the typhoon Amy while sailing from Guam to Truk, the Saipan-based, 49 ft trimaran Dhyana was placed under arrest after she arrived at Ponape early in June.

A writ filed in the Trust Territory High Court alleged that the tri’s owners, Bob, Paul and Larry Leitzman, owed back wages to a former employee. After the L e i t z m a n brothers settled the complaint, Dhyana was released and sailed for an unknown destination on June 16.

Dhyana was posted as missing after the typhoon Amy struck and a widespread search was mounted before the trimaran reached Truk a week late. • The crew of a New Zealand yacht Rosina, threw a party in Tonga’s Faua Harbour early in June and the police threw them out of the kingdom. Harbourmaster Captain Chris Hill-Willis reported complaints of “drunken noisemaking” at the Rosina’s party, followed by nude bathing. The police ordered the Rosina’s owner and crew of five to leave Nukualofa. “Nobody objects to people having a party and making noise, provided the common decencies are observed; but when the law of Tonga is completely ignored and hooliganism takes over it is time to call a halt,” said Captain Hill-Willis. • New Zealand butter has shot up by 7c a pound to 47c in Tonga, giving Fiji butter a chance to capture the kingdom’s market for the first time since butter was made in Fiji. As soon as the NZ Dairy Board told Tonga stores of the increase, the stores sent an order to Fiji for its butter which, till now, has been shut out of the Tonga market because of price. But, on occasions, Fiji dairy firms are unable to meet the demand in Fiji and mix the local butter with the imported. • The oil survey which is being carried out in Tonga will be advanced a stage further, King Taufa’ahau said at the opening of the Legislative Assembly in June. Between the current session of the assembly and the opening of the next, Tonga would see the drilling of an exploration well, he said. • A big influx of Philippines copra in world markets blew a chill wind through Tonga’s copra plantations in June when copra prices were cut by $7.85 a ton to $92.75 for first grade and $80.75 second grade. The price of whole coconuts also dropped by 1.2 c a nut on Tongatapu. Judging by reports from London later in June, however, Tonga could expect some recovery by the beginning of July. • Continental Airlines opened its third luxury hotel in the Western Pacific, the 56-room Palau Continental Travelodge Hotel on the island of Koror, Micronesia, on June 7. Continental already has a 203-room hotel on Guam and a 56-room hotel on Moen Island and plans more at Ponape, Saipan, Yap and Majuro. A 20 per cent, interest in the hotels will be offered to Micronesian citizens. Continental is bracketing its subsidiary Air Micronesia with the new hotels. It has announced new excursion air fares from Guam to Truk and Palau, with a 25 per cent, discount off the fare for passengers buying the air-hotel package deal, • Regent Hotels International Ltd., a hotel management company based in Hong Kong, will manage the first hotel to be built on Denarau Island in Nadi Bay, Fiji. Regent already manages big hotels in Guam, Manila and Bangkok. Five hotels are planned for Denarau. The first, to be called the Fiji Regent Hotel, will have 300 rooms and cost about ssm. • Qantas will begin its Jumbo Jet trans-Pacific services and re-introduce its Sydney-Nadi terminating flights with smaller 707 jets early in September. The first Qantas Boeing 7478 will

Not So Sunny

BOUGAINVILLE • The “Come to Sunny Bougainville” brochure has gone sour for about 100 Bougainville copper project employees (see Ann Glenn reports, p. 48). They found the sunshine but in June they went on strike over the pay and working conditions, demanding a 20 per cent, basic pay increase, 15c an hour quarry allowance, overseas allowance on overtime shifts, 100 per cent, loading on all overtime, shift allowance pay on all rotating shifts and five weeks paid leave.

According to a strikers’ spokesman, the impression of Utopian conditions indicated in the brochure has rapidly disintegrated.

Mr. F. Espie, OBE (left), managing director of Bougainville Copper Pty. Ltd., and the man who has directed the vast build-up of the project, has been appointed company chairman, succeeding Sir Maurice Mawby. Mr. R. W. Ballmer (right) succeeds Mr. Espie as managing director and will live at Panguna.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

-rt** S End the problem of dry skin Unless you take particular care harsh weather can easily rob your complexion of the precious moist oils quicker than the oil ducts of the skin can replace it, thus resulting in dry skin and the foundation of wrinkles.

A little extra attention should be taken at this time of the year by smoothing oil of Ulan over the face and neck daily before applying makeup. Oil of Ulan is recommended because of its special isotonic properties that help nature to maintain the natural oil and moisture balance of the skin.

Beauty, the glow of a healthy complexion and protection of your skin from dryness are yours when you use this unique tropical oil regularly.

Beauty skin specialists are also recommending that the oil of Ulan should be smoothed over the face last thing at night before retiring to give your skin the added benefit of night-time nourishment. leave Sydney on September 3 for San Francisco, via Fiji and Hawaii. Initially a weekly service, it will be built up to three Jumbo services a week by September 20. Rescheduling its flights to allow for the 356-seat Jumbo to complement the 140-seat 7075, Qantas will bring back its Sydney-Nadi terminating flights scrubbed in October last year. Both Fiji flights will be daylight out of Sydney and Melbourne. A 707 will leave Sydney for Nadi on Saturday morning, and return to Melbourne Saturday night.

On Sunday morning, the same jet will leave Melbourne for Fiji, returning to ' Sydney at night.

O There are 1,964 British subjects living in the New Hebrides according ; to a recent Immigration Department ; survey. Of these, about 45 per cent, are European. Next largest groups are ; the Gilbertese and Fijians, each with j about 20 per cent. • Debris seen in the sea in June 700 miles south-west of Hawaii, is be- ■ lieved to be from a US Air Force t transport plane which vanished while ; flying on a secret mission from Pago < Pago to Honolulu. Although Air - Force spokesmen have refused to < comment, it is believed the plane’s < secret mission was to monitor the j French nuclear tests at Mururoa. • The Anglican diocese of Papua i New Guinea is going ahead with its * million dollar appeal in Australia. .

Work has already begun, but the cam- paign will be intensified next year to c provide the PNG church with a capi- tal fund enabling it to stand on its z own feet. • The 11-year-old Papuan boy \ who was gaoled for two years by a r magistrate, Mr. A. H. Germain, for i four breaking and entering offences, has had his sentence cut to three s months by the Supreme Court at Port J Moresby. After three months, he will 1J be placed in his parents’ care and re- main under the control of the Direc- -: tor of Child Welfare until he is 16. .< He is serving his sentence at a Catho- h lie mission home in Wewak. At thes time he sentenced the boy, Mr. Ger--main criticised the government’s z' failure to provide juvenile corrective e institutions. • The mystery of distress flaresg off the Western Solomons on June 13 £ has been solved with the finding ofh the burnt-out hulk of the Taiwan fishd catcher, New Cathay, on Mundas Reef. The crew, none injured but all II suffering from exposure, was taken n off. Government vessels searched an wide area after the flares were seen, t r but drew a blank. 122 JULY, 1971-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

• Melanesian Roman Catholic priests working in Papua New Guinea and the Solomons have formed an organisation called the Catholic Indigenous Priests’ Conference, with the Rev. Ignatius Kilage (Goroka) as chairman and the Rev. Fred Reiher MSC (Port Moresby) as secretary.

Sixteen indigenous priests concelebrated Mass at the opening of the conference with Bishop Louis Vangeke MSC, auxiliary at Port Moresby as principal celebrant. • Mr. Ron Green, administrative officer in Nauru’s public service, has been transferred to the republic’s Melbourne office as personnel officer.

He took up his appointment on the island in February, 1969 and had recently acted as senior administrative officer in the temporary absence of Mr. Peter Kelly. • From July 1 the affairs of American Samoa, Guam, the US Trust Territory and the American Virgin Islands will be switched from the US Office of Territories to one man, the newly-created Deputy Assistant Secretary for Territorial Affairs, who had not been named when the change was announced by Washington at the beginning of June, Tasks of the deputy assistant secretary will include the rendering of technical assistance, programme planning and co-operation with other Federal agencies and Congress. • The retirement of Mr. David Petrie Ragg from the posts of chairnan and managing director of Northern Hotels, Fiji, leaves quite a blank n the Northern Hotels hierarchy.

There still will be Raggs in charge )f the Northern Hotels chain (Mr. W.

"lark, manager of Korolevu Beach tJotel, who married Kathy, a daughter )f the late Sir Hugh Ragg, is the new nanaging director) but DPR had )een prominent there for nearly 40 fears, and will be missed.

He was bom in 1906, and in his ;arly life was a CSR overseer, a law Jerk and a plantation manager.

Vhen he was 27 he joined Sir Hugh lagg in the management of the chain >f hotels which Sir Hugh had asembled. He took over the top position vhen Sir Hugh died in 1966.

In so successfully establishing Corolevu as the first famous holiday esort hotel on the south coast of liti Levu, Sir Hugh Ragg, David, nd Bill Clark, pioneered tourism in 'iji.

While actively controlling Northern iotels, Mr. Ragg has occupied many lirectorships and positions connected pith business, sport and public affairs. He is the chairman of the large Fiji Electrical Authority.

Presumably, he will continue those operations and remain a prominent and esteemed figure in the Fiji business world. • Alleging that the defendant had knocked him from his bicycle and then thrown a bottle containing ammonia at his feet, Patrick Matthew Anthony (33), formerly of Lautoka, Fiji, and now living at 15 Cascade St., Paddington, Sydney, summoned 36-year-old Allan Hamilton, of 102 Alison Road, Randwick, Sydney for assault. The hearing opened in the Magistrate’s Court at Waverley, Sydney, on June 24 and was adjourned by the Magistrate, Mr. B. J. Hayes, until September 15. • Marshall Islands Air Taxi Service, one of two charter services based at Majuro, is seeking permission from the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony in the south to operate a scheduled service each Sunday from Majuro to Tarawa return. MIATS uses a 6-44 Widgeon and a D-50 Beech, and in July will inaugurate a scheduled service four times weekly between Majuro and Kwajalein and once every Friday from Majuro to Ponape, The Ponape flight will connect with Air Micronesia’s turnaround, to establish a through service between Majuro and Saipan. • Spending $4 million on two new DCS’s, bringing its DCS fleet strength to six, Air New Zealand will extend its weekly Nadi-Honolulu flight through to Los Angeles from early November. The flight leaves Nadi for Honolulu early on Friday mornings.

It will arrive in Los Angeles (over the date-line) on Thursday afternoon, leave the same night for Fiji, arriving at Nadi on Saturday morning.

Fiji Airways is expected to make its first commercial flight to Niue on July 6 with the HS74B, but the new service—a weekly one which Fiji Airways will operate for Polynesian Airways until PA gets its own HS74B in October or November—is not expected to create a tourist boom.

There’s no accommodation for visitors on the island.

The Niue flight leaves Nausori Airport at 7.15 a.m. on Tuesdays, stops for 40 minutes in Tonga and then hops over the date-line, arriving on Niue at 12.40 p.m. on Monday. Forty minutes later the flight leaves, stopping at Apia for 40 minutes and arriving at Nausori at 5.55 p.m.—it’s still Tuesday at Nausori, The round flight is about 10J hours. • Chief Toleafoa T. V. Le’iato, of Fagaitua, has been appointed Chief of Police of American Samoa. Aged 39, Chief Le’iato has been 16 years in the police force and recently served as captain of the Field Service Division. • A cost-price squeeze which the Papuan rubber industry faced in 1970 was the reason for the poor results returned by three Papuan rubber companies, according to Mr. W. L.

Conroy, PNG Director of Agriculture.

World market factors included both strong supplies and the effect of economic recession in major industrial consuming countries. In 1970, rubber was at its lowest sustained level of price since 1921. • Australia will soon be flooded with 300,000 Norfolk Island tourist brochures—at $1 each. They will be tickets in a monster art union (which is an Australian euphemism for lottery) being promoted by the Norfolk Island sub-branch of the Returned Services League.

Prizes include holiday houses in Australia and a new car. Profits will go to form the foundation of a special welfare fund on the island, which is bereft of any social service of this nature because the islanders don’t pay taxes.

The man responsible for floating the venture is David “Scotty” Neagle, whose original intention was to offer houses on Norfolk Island itself. However, the NSW Government witheld permission for this, as it had no jurisdiction over property on the island and would not be in a position to guarantee protection to the winner, as it legally must.

RSL clubs throughout Australia will be selling tickets in the art union over a period of six months.

The Norfolk Island RSL has a membership of 62—about one for every 20 of the island’s population— and the body has been active in many charitable activities within its own tiny shores, but hasn’t gone “international” before. • The University of the South Pacific’s executive committee met in Nukualofa towards the end of May for its first meeting outside Fiji, a significant venue because the Chancellor is King Taufa’ahau Tupou IV who opened the meeting and, at a private audience earlier in the day, discussed varsity affairs with the Pro-Chancellor, Masiofo Fetaui Mata’afa, of Western Samoa, and the Vice-Chancellor, Dr. C. C.

Aikman. 123 ’ ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

REGISTERED AT THE GPO SYDNEY FOR TRANSMISSION BY POST AS A NEWSPAPER — CATEGORY B. ment was devoting some thought to Papua’s problems, especially economic ones, which he thought were at the root of Papuan dissatisfaction.

“If I were a Papuan I might feel the government did not give me enough attention”, he said.

But he added that Australia did not regard separate Papuan constitutional development as a negotiable issue. In any case, he pointed out, after two tours of the territory, which had included Papua, the Assembly’s select committee on constitutional development had concluded that most people wanted a single, united country.

Mr. Johnson was plagued with other problems besides those highlighted by the honourable members.

He announced the territory’s cabinet—the Administrator’s executive council—was considering how to deal with the growing urban population drift and related problems of vagrancy, prostitution and VD, which had “got ahead of our capacity to cope.”

He admitted he had been under considerable pressure to try to restrict movement of people to the towns, but this sort of legislation posed big difficulties. The government would have to decide whether the benefits of restrictions were worth the infringement of civil liberties.

Mr. Johnson said the increasing number of crimes directly attributable to drinking was “alarming”, and the territory’s liquor laws might have to be reviewed.

In case it might be thought that his strictures were reserved only for the black population, the Administrator went into the attack on some of the whites while opening the Central District Show on June 14.

He said some people in Port Moresby lived wretchedly, and few of the rest “gave a damn”. The town was breeding discontent and violence.

“Port Moresby is a good town— for some”, he said. “It’s a good town if you are white because you’ve got a good job and a decent home and expensive things to play with, cars and boats and clubs. It’s a good town for some who are not white, for they have these things as well. It’s a bad town for some because it gives them neither work nor shelter”.

He said Moresby had no mobilised social conscience and he didn’t know how to mobilise it.

A few days later, the PNG Public Service Association, which is the territory’s biggest trade union, made it clear that the good life wasn’t all that good. President T. J. Jackson accused the government of having an obsessive interest in keeping wages down while making no effort to stop prices spiralling. Price control was administered so timidly that apparently there had been no prosecution since 1956. The cost of living, for everybody, was meanwhile rising alarmingly, he said.

There were two other significant developments during a busy month. • A bill to restrict the entry of expatriates into the territory to work was introduced into the House and will be debated in August. The government wants to prohibit certain categories of work from being undertaken by people brought from overseas. Other jobs will be restricted to overseas people for a limited time, while local people are trained to take over. • The Mataungan Association launched a renegade Local Government Council on Rabaul’s Matupit Island, announcing that it will go its own way “until independence comes”.

The council will operate alongside the legally-recognised Gazelle Peninsula Council, which the Mataungans are seeking to destroy. The term of the legal council has been extended for another six months, because it was realised that elections for a new one would probably be boycotted by the Mataungans.

On the voyage Banks, alias Scard, was generous with the crew and when the ship arrived at Papeete he rented a cottage and took the Captain for buggy rides. When he parted with Captain Berude of the City of Papeete, he handed him an ounce vial of sulphate of morphia, remarking, “I guess that I won’t need this now and you might as well put it in your medicine chest”. This comment was later seen as meaning he might have tried to suicide if cornered.

It was reported that Banks reached Auckland on Christmas Day, 1886, on the Janet Nicoll, having left Papeete six hours before the arrival from San Francisco of the Raiated, the captain of which was furnished with photographs of Banks and instructions to arrest him if he was in Tahiti.

On March 20, 1887, the San Francisco papers reported Banks’ arrival in his sanctuary in the Cook Islands, although the exact geographical location was variously given as Rarotonga. and Tonga. The Daily Examiner says that he had $1,700 when he arrived in Rarotonga, and “he proclaimed his purpose to remain in Rarotonga, where it was said he is in great favour with the dusky Queen and very popular with the inhabitants, both black and white”.

The final substantial link between the USA and Banks was broken on May 14, 1888, when it was reported that, “a despatch received from New York last night brought the intelligence that Mrs. Fannie Banks had been granted a divorce from Charles Banks, the defaulter”.

This chapter in Banks’ life is closed w j t h the statement, “at latest account Banks was reported to be living on the island of Itatucke (Aitutaki), near Rarotonga, in peaceful comfort. He has probably enough for his wants, as he carried away his booty, and living is not as costly in those parts as it is in San Francisco to a member of the Union Club, which Banks was in his cashier days”.

Were land laws a test case?

By Denis Fisk

So, the Papua New Guinea Government has lost its urgent, late-starting campaign to revolutionise land tenure and give the territory a vehicle for grass roots economic development?

Was the government really expecting to get debated and settled within a few months four bills, adding up to 230 complicated pages of legal draughtsmanship, to allow potentially the most far-reaching reforms ever set in train in the territory’s history?

Did the government actually not expect to get the reforms through this year at all?

Were the bills meant merely to be bounced off the heads of territory leaders and opinion-makers to gauge reaction?

After the next elections in Febru- March, native politicians will have more responsibility, and the territory will be well on the road to internal self-government.

And if the new government takes the responsibility for the far-reaching land changes, then Australia will not be blamed for having imposed them, and have to take the brunt of the upheaval to society that will follow.

Banks rides the Pony express (Continued from p. 67) Month in Continued from p. 23

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A c l F I ( ISLANDS MONTHLY JULY, 1971

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