Pacific Islands Monthly

Vol. XXV, No. 7 ( Feb. 1, 1955)
1955-02-01 · uncorrected OCR from NLA scans

PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly TEBRUARY, 1955 Vol XXV. No. 7. lished 1930 (tle G.P.0., Sydn^f^. newspaper] DIGNITY and serenity are expressed in the fine face of this elderly Samoan woman, who smokes a cigarette made from home-grown tobacco wrapped in a dried leaf. Her hair is cut short; long tresses are regarded as more suitable for youth Photo: Bruce Moss.

" P2oa From Local Routes to World Wide Travel Linking the Pacific

With Australia And The World

KAVIENG WEWAK WABAG ■ Imadang mount/ ha % gen

Nonduglsx* N F> Or O» Ka

aARONA , <JL,

Lake Jcutubu Aiyura

BULOLO WANA J^Z^Terema , TALASEA i fjACQUINOT BAY 34 years of flying experience are at your command when you fly QANTAS —to 26 |v countries in 5 continents.

You enjoy warm Australian hospitality and exacting standards of passenger service on nearly 68,000 [buka miles of air routes. moewe harbour (la VELLA LAVELLA.

DARU 5 ESA'ALA : ’yandina?^<."

HONIARA .% !»*r^»SAMARAI (PORT

Espiritu Santo

(CAIRNS NOUMEA ' BRISBANE NORFOLK ISLAND r Over 50 ports of call in the South-West Pacific ano now linked with Australia and the world by QANTAS —Australia’s Overseas Airline. From Australia fasti frequent services radiate to Europe, U.S.A. am Canada, the Orient and South Africa. Botl; First Class and Tourist Travel are availabll to most ports of call on the Qantat overseas network of air services.

Qanfas Empire Airways Limited in association with 8.0.A.C. and TEAL UHW

Australia'S Overseas Airline

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

eman STOVES o Model No. 532 E

Silent Type

1. Full-Size Fount with Filler Plug of wing type. 2. Air release on side of Filler Plug. 3. Heavy Brass pressure-tested Tanks. 4. Fount and Burner firmly soldered together. 5. European-type pump. 6. Grate and Grate Supports detachable to reduce shipping space.

Made In England

These two Coleman Stoves are of the one burner kerosene type and are available in both silent and roarer models. Their dimensions are height inches, diameter 8* inches, approximate weight 2| lb. Both models have the same outstanding features. 7. Spare parts interchangeable with similar European Stoves. Representatives for the Pacific Islands: Model No. 531 E

Roarer Type

54a PITT STREET SYDNEY

Robert Gillespie Pul™

PEARCE & CO. LTD.

SUVA

For Fiji Islands

1 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLI_p E B R U A R Y , 19§5

Qmotts / Biscuits There is no Substitute for Quality The following varieties are now available for export in No. 8 size soldered tins (8 tins crated, 3 ft. 6 in. cu.) and i-lb. waxed packets in Cartons of permissible shipping weight (1 ft. 3 in. cu.). o Not available in No. 8 tins, x Not available in packets.

CABIN BISCUITS (As Supplied to the Royal Australian Navy) Single Tins. Approximately 30 lb. net weight per tin of I.C. plate 121 in. x 121 in. x 181 in.

Hermetically sealed with tagger top. Slip on lid spot-soldered.

Packed in cartons made of No. 2 board silicate gum sealed for permissible shipping uncrated, to hold one tin, size approximately 13 in. x 12 In. x 19 in., = 1 ft. 10 in. cu. (22 equal one shipping ton).

Or crated. —i tins without cartons, crate size 19 in. x 26 in. x 28 in. 8 cu. ft.

William Arnott Pty., Limited

HOMEBUSH, N.S.W. 2 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

SYDNEY AUCKLAND SUVA HONOLULU VANCOUVER depart arr/dep arr/dep arr/dep arrive ORSOVA 1955 28 Jan. 31 Jan. 3 Feb. 8 Feb. 14 Feb.

Orion 1955 25 Mar. 29 Mar. 2 Apl. 8 Apl. 14 Apl.

ORONSAY 1955 15 July 18 July 21 July 26 July 1 Aug.

ORCADES 1955 7 Oct. 10 Oct. 13 Oct. 18 Oct. 24 Oct.

ORONSAY 1955 18 Nov. 21 Nov. 24 Nov. 29 Not. 5 Dec. depart SAN FRANCISCO arr 15 Feb. 17 Feb. 15 Apl. 18 Apl. 2 Aug. 4 Aug. 25 Oct. 27 Oct. 6 Dec. 8 Dec.

HONOLULU depart arr/dep 18 Feb. 22 Feb. 19 Apl. 24 Apl. 5 Aug. 9 Aug. 28 Oct. 1 Nov. 9 Dec. 13 Dec.

SUVA arr/dep 1 Mar. 2 May 16 Aug. 8 Nov. 20 Dec.

AUCKLAND arr/dep 4 Mar. 5 May 19 Aug. 11 Nov. 23 Dec.

SYDNEY arrive 7 Mar. 9 May 22 Aug. 14 Nov. 26 Dec.

New Guinea Australia Line Regular Service from MELBOURNE, SYDNEY AND BRISBANE TO PORT MORESBY,

Samarai, Lae, Madang, Kavieng, And Rabaul

“Soochow” “Shansi”

“SINKIANG”

Agents for PAPUA: STEAMSHIPS TRADING CO. LTD.

Agents for NEW GUINEA: COLYER WATSON (NEW GUINEA) LTD.

General Agents: G. S. YUILL & CO. PTY. LTD.

6 Bridge St., Sydney

Telephones: BU 1712 BU 6313 (Freight only) Cable Address: “YUIIX”

Shipping Time-Tables Sydney-Papua-N. Guinea MV Bulolo, modern liner, sails about 'ery six weeks; Sydney-Brisbane-Moresbyunarai - Lae - Madang - Manus - Rabaul imarai-Moresby-Brisbane-Sydney.

Next sailing about February 22.

MV Malekula sails from Sydney for unarai, Rabaul, Kavieng. Manus, Wewak, exishafen, Madang, Lae, Samarai and turn to Sydney. Next sailing about web 26.

Details from Burns Philp & Co. Ltd., Bridge Street, Sydney.

MV's Soochow, Shansi and Sinkiang. ch 3,000 tons, provide regular service tween Sydney and Papua-New Guinea rts: Sinkiang now provides a fast service flney-Brlsbane-Port Moresby and return same route. Soochow and Shansi will itinue Sydney - Brisbane - Moresby inarai - Lae - Madang - Kavieng haul and return, with calls at Melime as required. [ext Sydney sailing, Soochow: Mar, 25. text Sydney sailing, Sinkiang: Feb. 19.

Fext Sydney sailing, Shansi: Mar. 1. he above dates are approximate, and tie to be altered by as much as two iks. •tails from New Guinea Australia Line S. Yuill & Co., Ltd., agents), 6 Bridge Sydney.

Zealand-Fiji-Samoa-T onga totor vessels Tofua and Matua, from r Zealand, serve Suva (Fiji), Nukua- > and Vavau (Tonga), Niue Is., Pago Australia - New Zealand - Canada - USA Sailings of Orient Line Passenger Ships, 1954-55. i.,.. 111 ® liners Orsova and Orcades will each make an additional Pacific crossing In 1955. Orsova will leave Sydney for London on June 3 and will call at: Auckland Suva Honolulu. Vancouver, San Francisco. Los Angeles, Panama, Colon, Trinidad Cherbourg. She will reach London on July 13. Orcades will sail from London on August 22 bound for Sydney via the same route. She will arrive on October 1.

Pago (American Samoa). Apia (Western Samoa). Tofua leaves Auckland for any or all above ports at approx, five weeks Intervals. Matua calls at Wellington and Lyttelton (NZ), Lautoka (Fiji) and supplements Tofua’s schedule in Islands, calling at ports as directed by owners.

Tofua’s next voyages scheduled to leave Auckland March 1 and March 29.

Matua will leave Auckland March 19.

N. Zealand-Cook Is.

The NZ Government’s old motor vessel Maui Pomare is scheduled to leave Auckland every month for Rarotonga and other Islands in the Lower Cooks, subject to requirements of trade. This vessel carries 30 passengers.

Full details on application to NZ Government Department of Island Territories in Wellington, or to any office ef the Union SS Co. of NZ, Ltd., which Company acts as Agents for this vessel at some ports.

Sydney-New Hebrides-BSI- Rabaul, Etc.

MV Malalta makes a round trip at about 8-weeks intervals from Sydney to Norfolk Is.-New Hebrides Ports-BSI porta- Bougalnvllle-Rabaul-Samaral-Sydney.

Sailing from Sydney about March 2t.

Details from Burns Phllp & Co., 7 Bridge Street, Sydney.

Sydney-N. Caledonia-Tahiti Vessels of Messagerles Marltimes Line, 3

Cific Islands Monthlt-Pebrdary. 1« 56

Pacific Islands Transport Line

Owners: Thor Dahls Hvalfangerselskap A/S Sandefjord, Norway - M.V. "THORSISLE" - Regular Freight and Passenger Service between Pacific Coast Ports of U.S.A. and Canada and

Tahiti Samoa Fiji New Caledonia

New Hebrides New Guinea

GENERAL STEAMSHIP CORPORATION, LTD.

General Agents 432 California Street, San Francisco 4, Calif., U.S.A.

PAPEETE—Etablissements Donald Tahiti. APlA—Morris Hedstrom Ltd.

SUVA—Morris Hedstrom Ltd. NOUMEA —Etablisseme»ts Ballande.

PORT VlLA—Comptoirs Francais des LAE—Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd.

Nouvelles Hebrides. SYDNEY—Birt & Co. (Pty.) Ltd.

Linking the Pacific Islands with Europe, West Indies, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa The new Shaw Savill 1* Tourist Class Liner

S.S. I Southern Cross

*** / / The one class tourist liner “Southern Cross” on the maiden voyage calls at Papeete (23rd April, 1955) and Suva (28th April, 1955), thence to England via New Zealand, Australia and South Africa. On the second voyage calls at Suva (Isti November, 1955) and Papeete (sth November, 1955), en route to England via Panama, Curacao and Trinidad; thereafter two eastbound and two westbound voyages each year form this vessel’s round-the-world itinerary.

Dates subject to alteration without notice. ; Minimum Fares: To England from Suva via Panama £lO5 stg, For full particulars apply: Z Z via South Africa £132 stg’

From Tahiti via Panama £lOO stg; via South Africa £l5l stg; Fiji Any Branch or Agency Burns Philp (South Se Co. Ltd., Head Office: Suva.

Cable address: Burnsouth.

Tahiti Etablissements Dona Tahiti, Papeete Cable address : Donald Papeete. coming from Marseilles, via West Indies and Panama, call about every six weeks at Papeete. Vila (New Hebrides). Noumea and Sydney, and return by same route.

Details from Messageries Maritimes.

Luxurious new liners Caledonien and Tahitien recently added to this service.

Sailing dates:— Prom Sydney, Northbound Tahitien; May 24, 1955. Caledonien: April 11, August 23, 1955.

From Papeete, Southbound Tahitien; April 30, 1955. Caledonien: March 18, July 30, 1955.

Small motor-ships Polynesien (Messageries Maritimes) and Neo Hebrides (H.

C. Sleigh, Ltd.) maintain fairly regular service between Noumea and Sydney.

Sydney-S. Africa-UK-Pacii Ports-Sydney A service by Shaw Savill, with theii all-passenger liner Southern Cross,, commence from the UK early in Calls on maiden voyage will be mat West Indies ports, Panama, Pat (Tahiti), Suva, Auckland, Sydney, tralian ports, South African ports, Cs Islands, UK.

Four round trips per year will be and direction of service will alte: (i.e. the second voyage from UK wi South Africa about); about 1,200 onepassengers will be carried. Single, berth and multi-berth cabins are s able. Fares Sydney-UK are from Stg.; Suva-UK, via Panama, from Stg.; via the Cape, from £132 Papeete-UK, via Panama, from Stg.; via Cape, £l5l Stg.

Tentative sailing dates for maiden voi Papeete, April 22-23, 1955.

Suva, April 28, 1955.

Auckland, May 2-3, 1955.

Sydney, May 6-9, 1955.

N. America-Fiji-Hebrides, Norwegian motor vessel Thorsisle, c ing cargo and passengers, maintaii regular service between North Ame ports and French Oceania, Samoa, New Caledonia and New Hebrides.

MV Thorsisle sails from San Frai on April 8 for Pacific Island ports, will probably call at Nukualofa April 27; Noumea about May 8; anc about May 15.

Details from General Steamships poration Ltd., 432 California St., Francisco, U.S.A. 4 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

London - Suva

direct VIA PANAMA For Sailings and Further Particulars Apply To:

Bethell, Gwyn & Co. Ltd., Burns Philp (South Sea)

138 LEADENHALL ST., CO. LTD., LONDON, E.C.3. SUVA, FIJI v /, W. H. GROVE & SONS LTD.

Established 1896 P.O. BOX 490, AUCKLAND.

NEW ZEALAND.

ISLAND MERCHANTS REPRESENTING ENGLISH MANUFACTURERS

Throughout The

Pacific Islands

In Fiji as: w. H. GROVE & SONS (FIJI) LTD.

Office and Sample Room Bank of New South Wales Chambers, Suva, Fiji. [?]rways Time-Tables

Rans-Pacific Services

. Australia (or NZ)-Fiji- Hawaii-N. America

By Pan-American Airways

th Strato Clippers, using Sleeperettes and Berths* t, Fri. and Sun.*—Sydney-Nadi (Piji)anton Is - Honolulu - S. Francisco - Battle - Portland. !., Thur.* and Sat.—Return via same mte. additional departure days which will ite from October 3 till March 31, 1955 ss. and Fri.—Auckland - Nadi (Fiji) irs. and Mon.—Nadi (Fiji) - Auckland, fnecting with Strato Clipper at Nadi.

Iy Qantas Empire Airways

; (Super Constellation Service) NORTHWARDS „ Thur.* and Sat.* Sydney-Nadi (Fiji)inton Is. - Honolulu - San Francisco— th every Saturday service extending f Vancouver.

SOUTHWARDS Fri.* and Mon.*—San Francisco nolulu-Canton Is.-Nadi (Fiji)-Sydney, inday service and alt. Friday service nmences from Vancouver on Sunday. > services Tuesday northbound and esday southbound—are “Connoisseur” es: First class only. )L DC6 services between Auckland (adi connect at Nadi Tues. and Sat. wards; Wed. and Sun. southwards,

R Canadian Pacific Airlines

(CPAL) [With Super DC-6B Aircraft)* Every Tuesday—Sydney - Auckland - Nadi (Fiji) - Honolulu - Vancouver.

Every Friday return from Vancouver by same route. * Tourist Class Services are available on these planes at 20 per cent, less normal fares.

Sectional Services In

PACIFIC 2. Sydney-New Guinea Service by Qantas Empire Airways NORTHWARDS Tuesdays, Saturdays and alt, Fridays (Skymasters)* Depart: Arrive: Sydney. 8.00 pm Brisbane, 10.45 pm Brisbane, 11.45 pm Moresby, 6.35 am (Wed., alt. Sat., Sun.) Moresby, 7.55 am Lae, 9.10 am Connecting services north of Lae by D.C.3 to Bulolo and Wau on Wednesdays. * DC3 operating Moresby-Lae sector. (Alt. Friday, Feb. 4, 18, Mar. 4. 18.) Thursdays (Skymaster) Depart: Arrive: Sydney. 8 pm Brisbane, 10.45 pm 5

Ific Islands Mo Nthl £ - Pebruart Tsts

There's so much to do

I. New Zealand

Imagine a holiday in this land of breathtaking beauty!

At any time of the year there’s so much to do . . . watching geysers play in wondrous thermal regions . . . fishing in placid lake or swift-running stream or spectacular big-game waters . . . climbing in the towering Southern Alps . . . deer shooting in virgin forest . . . slaloming on perfect ski runs . . . swimming and boating in fascinating fiordlands! flying gives you so much more time Air travel will save you days in which to play, let you see so much more of this scenic wonderland And it’s so much more comfortable.

NAC \ 5/ c U* •V Linking all principal New Zealand cities and extending to Norfolk Island. Offices and Agents throughout New Zealand, Australia and the South-West Pacific.

CIAI A N D NATIONAL AIRW A T I CORPORAT 6 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

Depart; Arrive: 5.45 am Moresby, 7 - !T)5' am ssby, 8.30 am Brisbane, 3.05 pm jane. 4.30 pm Sydney, 7.15 pm anecting services from Wau by Drover. res Lae 9.35 am Saturday. )epart; Arrive: sby. 10.30 am Cairns, 1.20 pm is, 3.20 pm Townsville, 4.30 pm isville, 5.15 pm Brisbane, 9.00 pm ane, 10.00 pm Sydney, 12.45 am (Saturday) Depart: Arrive: Syd.. Wed ,30 >m Brisbane, 11.50 pm Brls., Thu. 1.20 am Noumea, 8.00 am Noumea, 9.30 am Vila, 12.05 pm Vila. 1.20 pm Santo. 2.35 pm (Night stop) Santo, Frl. 6.00 am Vila, 7.15 am Vila, 7.45 am Noumea, 10.25 am* Noumea, 12.15 pmt Sydney. 7.55 pm

The Garrick Hotel

Suva, Fiji

% ’■i? ■ This well-known Hotel is centrally situated in Suva’s main business quarter Modern accommodation provides comfort in all climatic conditions Only the best of Beers, Spirits and Wines is served.

Telephone: 80. VINCE COSTELLO, Proprietor. bane. 11.45 pm Townsville, 3.30 am (Friday) nsville, 4.15 am Cairns, 5.25 am ns. 6.25 am Port Moresby, 9.15 am SOUTHWARDS lays, Wednesdays and alt. Saturdays (Skymaster)* »C 3 operating Lae-Moresby sector.

Saturdays, Feb. 5, 19, Mar. 5, 19.) 3. N. Guinea Internal Services Operated by Qantas nHOLLANDIA (Dutch New Guinea) (DCS) late Wed. (Feb. 9, 23, Mar. 9. 23, etc.) rts Lae 10.30 am, calls at Madang d Wewak, and arrives at Hollandia I pm. Every alt. Thursday (Feb. 24, ir. 10, 24, etc.), depart Hollandia at am, and, with calls at Wewak and idang, arrives Lae at 2.40 pm.

Lae-Manus (Dcs)

ry Wednesday.

Lae, 10.45 am: Flnschhafen, Rabaul. vieng, arr. Manus 5.45 pm. ns Saturdays (dep. 8 am), via vieng, Rabaul and Flnschhafen; arr. s, 2.55 pm.

MORESBY-DARU (Catalina) rule Is., Kerema, Wana (optional), tori, L. Kutubu.—Every alternate day returning same day (Feb. 4, 18, r. 4, 18, etc.).

Rabaul-Moewe Harbour

(Catalina) Ved. —Rabaul-Jacquinot Bay-Moewe rbour-Talasea-Rabaul Feb. 16, Mar, 16, etc. —The direction of operation changes each service, i.e., each alternate ! operates Rabaul-Talasea-Moewe ur-Jacqulnot Bay-Rabaul.

Jew Britain-Bougainville

(Catalina) r ed.—Rabaul - -Buka - Kleta - Buln i. 9, 23, etc. 7ed. (same day) Buln-Kieta-Buka- >aul.

AE-MADANG-WEWAK-MANUS-

Kavieng-Rabaul Service

(DCS) Thur. Dep. Lae 6.30 am, Madang 7.35 am Wewak, Manus Is., rieng, Rabaul arr. 3.40 pm. only Dep. Rabaul 8.00 am direct 3ang, arr. 10.50 am, Wewak, iang, Lae arr. 4.35 pm.

Central Highlands

(DCS) a 7s —Lae (8.30 am) to Wabamunda, Ing at any of; Nadzab, Kalnantu, oka, Nondugl, Banz, Mlnj, Mt. :en, Baiyer R„ Wabag, Wabamunda. urn to Lae arriving 6 pm.

Lower Highlands

(Drover) s. Lae (7.30 am) to Gusap, calling any of; Nadzab, Kaiapit, Arona, nantu. Return to Lae arriving 10 am.

LAE-BULOLO-WAU (Drover) ae.—Tues. 3 pm.—Mon. & Sat. am.

Dep. Wau.—Tues. 4.30 pm—Mon. 9.00 am —Wed. 1.00 pm. Direct to Lae In 35 minutes.

Madang-Goroka (Dcs)

Fridays.—Depart Madang 8.25 am, arrive Goroka 9.00 am, returning same day: depart Goroka 9.30 am, arrive Madang 10.5 am.

New Guinea-New Britain

(DCS) Fridays—Depart Lae 12 noon. Flnschhafen 1.0 pm, arrive Rabaul 3.10 pm.

Saturdays—Depart Rabaul 10 am. Madang 1.25 pm, arrive Lae 2.30 pm.

Services By Mandated Airlines

With headquarters at Lae, this company runs regular services for passengers, freight and mails to all New Guinea settlements.

Scheduled Flights with DCS Aircraft Mon.; Depart Lae at 7.30 am for Goroka, Madang, Wewak, Madang, Rabaul remaining overnight.

Tues.; Depart Rabaul at 6.30 am for Madang, Wewak, Madang, Goroka, Lae.

Depart Lae 7.30 am for Goroka. Wau.

Port Moresby, Wau, Goroka, Lae.

Thurs.: Depart Lae at 7.30 am for Goroka, Wau, Port Moresby. Wau.

Goroka, Lae.

Fri.: Depart Lae at 7 am for Madang.

Wewak, Momote, Kavieng, Rabaul remaining overnight.

Sat.: Depart Rabaul at 7 am for Kavieng Momote, Wewak, Madang, Goroka, Lae. 4. Aust.-Dutch N. Guinea By KLM Royal Dutch Airlines.

A weekly service with Constellations between Sydney and Amsterdam with a call at Blak, DNG, and Manila.

Philippines.

DC3 aircraft link Blak with Hollandla.

Sorong. Merauke and Tannah Merah. 5. N. Guinea-Solomons By Qantas with DCS Mon. (Feb. 14, 28. Mar. 7, 14. etc.), Lae (dep. 6 am) Flnschhafen Rabaul Buka Vellalavella Yandlna Honiara, BSI (arriving 5.25 pm).

Tuesday (February 8. 15, March 1,8, etc.), Honiara (dep. 7 am) Yandlna —Vellalavella Buka Rabaul Flnschhafen Lae (arriving 3.60 pm). 6. Indo-China-Brisbane- N. Caledonia By Air France, Monthly.

Constellation aircraft depart Saigon February 7 for Darwin - Brisbane - Noumea and return. Depart Noumea.

February 10.

Australian agents: Messagerles Maritlmes. 7. Sydney-Lord Howe Is.

By Ansett Airways Pty., Ltd., ‘‘Flying-Boat Division”

Twice weekly services, operating mainly on Tuesday and Saturday, return sams day. 8, Sydney-Norfolk Is.

By Qantas, with Skymasters Alternate Thursdays (Feb. 10. 24. Mar. 10. 24, etc.), returning same day. 9. Sydney-New Hebrides By Qantas with Sandringham Flying Boats—Weekly • Every second service night stops at Noumea to allow connection with Noumea- Suva service—see below. Table 10. t Alternate Friday, Feb. 4, 18, Mar. 4, 18, alternate Saturdays (Feb. 12, 26) plane departs Noumea 2 pm, arriving Sydney 9.40 pm. 3IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-F E B R U A R Y . 1» 55

A4B PIM Travel Royal

North America

BRITISH TO All SIX CONTINENTS ENGLAND

Middle East

ASIA Cl FRICA

West Indies

Fly on any of 1,000 Speedbird routes across the world within your travel time and budget.

Choose from first-class luxury or tourist travel comfort on many services. Fly-in-a-hurry there and back —or take a year, with stop-overs at no extra air fare.

Hotel accommodation, meals and surface transport provided at scheduled night stops. Fullv pressurized 4-engined airliners.

See your Travel Agent for complete trip-planning help —no charge.

Speedbird Services link Australia, Indonesia, Malaya, Burma, Thailand, Hong Kong, Japan, Ceylon, India, Pakistan, Middle East, Africa, Europe, Great Britain, U.S.A., Canada, Central and South America, Bermuda. f I Mttl BRITISH OVERSEAS AIRWAYS CORPORATION WITH QANTAS, TEAL AND S.A.A 10. Sydney'Noumea-Sir By Qantas with Sandringham Flying Boats—Fortnightly Depart: Arrive: Noumea, 11.25 am Suva, 5.1 Alt. Pri.* (Night stc Suva, 8.00 am Alt. Noumea, 12.31 Sat.t * Alt. Pri. Feb. 11, 25, etc. t Alt; Feb. 12, 26, etc. (Service allows connection at No with Sydney-New Hebrides Servici above.) 11. Auckland-Norfoik By NZ National Airways, with D< From March 6 to May 29 there; single service with double flight alternate Sundays, as shown belov March 6; Single service.

March 13: Double service.

March 20: Single service.

March 27: Double service. 12. Sydney-Auckland Tasman E. Airways, with DC6 Air Tue., Thur.: Dep. Sydney 9.00 ami Auckland 4.15 pm. Wed., Sat., Dep. Sydney 12.30 am, arr. Auo 7.45 am. Mon., Wed., Thur., Sun.

Auckland 11.00 am, arr. Sydney pm. 13. Sydney-Christchur Tasman E. Airways, with DC6’ 1 Dep. Sydney 12.30 am and arr. C church 7.40 am Mon., Fri.

Dep. Christchurch 11.00 am, arr. £ 2.40 pm Tues., Fri. 14. Melbourne-Christchi Tasman E. Airways, with DC6”

Mon. —Dep. Melb., midnight; arr. 0 8 am next day.

Mon.—Dep. Ch’ch., 10 am; arr. Melbi pm. 15. New Zealand-Fij Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd.,, with DC6’s Dep. Auckland every Wed. and Sa Return to Auckland every Wed. ano Dep. Auckland: Wed. 10.15 am, Sat pm. Arr. Nadi: Wed. 3.30 pmi 7.15 pm.

Dep. Nadi: Wed. 5.00 pm, Sun. 2.0 Arr. Auckland: Wed. 10.25 pm, 7.25 pm. 16. Fiji-Tahiti Tasman E. Airways Ltd., with Soil Services will depart Suva for Aitutaki, Papeete and return fortii or more frequently if required.

Dep. Suva (Mon.) 9.00 am, cross national Date Line; arr. Apia 1.55 pm; dep. Apia (Mon.) 2.0( arr. Aitutaki 7.30 am; dep. Ai 8.30 am; arr. Papeete 1.00 pm turn flight dep. Papeete 7.30 s Thursdays.

Next flight, eastbound: February J etc.

Next flights, westbound; February etc. 17. Fiji-Tonga Tasman E. Airways with Solent Dep. Suva March 22.

Depart Arrv Suva, 6.30 am Nukualofa, 9.( Nukualofa, 2.45 pm Suva. 4., 18. Micronesia Civilian services, based on Guam, ut 8 FEBRUARY. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

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UJ 3721 (Post Office Box 10, Strathfield, N.S.W.) UJ 3721 Bankers: Bank of N.S.W., Strathfield. ďfdf lined amphibious Grumman Albatrosses, [regularly to Koror (Palau), Yap (West rolinesi, Truk (Central Carolines), nape (E. Carolines), Majuro (Marshals) Saipan (Marianas). Details from Ins-Ocean Airlines, Guam, via Honolulu. 19. Fiji Internal Airways Fiji Airways, with 3-engined Drovers ra-Nadi: 1 flight on Monday, Thursday and Friday. 2 flights on Tuesday, Wednesday and Sunday. 3 flights on Saturday. li-Suva: 1 flight on Monday, Thursday and Friday. 2 flights on Tuesday and Saturday. 3 flights on Sunday. 4 flights on Wednesday. fc-Lambasa-Suva: Tuesday and Friday, a - Lambasa - Savusavu - Lambasa - Suva: Monday, Wednesday and Saturlay. a-Lambasa: Tuesday. tbasa-Nadl-Suva: Wednesday. a-Savusavu-Suva: Monday, Thursday, laturday. i - Taveuni - Lambasa - Savusavu paveuni - Suva: Tuesday, i - Taveuni - Savusavu - Lambasa fkveuni - Suva: Friday. i-Taveunl-Suva: Wednesday. 0. French Oceania Inter- Island Service Regie Aerienne Interinsulaire (Catalina) e weekly service to the Leeward roup. nesday; Papeete-Ralatea-Bora Boraaiatea-Papeete.

Friday; Papeete-Huahine-Ralatea-Papeefce, Booking agents in Papeete: Messageries Maritlmes, Ltd.

The worst storm to hit the Hawaiian Islands in seven years caused havoc on January 23. Winds up to 75 miles an hour left one dead, and did thousands of dollars of damage. When the storm abated, some parts of Honolulu were without electric power. Uprooted trees and landslides snarled traffic.

C,PIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-P E B R U A R Y . 1955

RICE SH ELLERS -

Rice Polishing Machines

Techn<Dimpex«

ALL TYPES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES—FLOUR MILLING MACHINES ETC ★ Address enquiries to The Factory Representative: Mr. N. Posa, 48 Hopetoun Avenue, Vaucluse, Sydney, N.S.W.

Telephone: FU 2820.

HUNGARIAN MACHINE INDUSTRIES FOREIGN TRADE COMPANY, AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY DIVISION, BUDAPEST 62—P.0.8. 183, HUNGARY. 10 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

Distributed in AUSTRALIA \ NEW ZEALAND and the following PACIFIC ISLANDS Australian Territories: Papua.

Norfolk Is. Cocos Is.

Aust. Trustee Territories; New Guinea. Nauru.

British Protectorates: Solomon Is.

Tonga.

British Crown Colonies: FIJI.

Gilbert & Ellice.

N.Z, Territories: Cook Is. Niue.

N.Z. Trust Territory: W. Samoa.

French Territories; N. Caledonia.

French Oceania.

Anglo-French Condominium: New Hebrides.

P.S. Territories: E. Samoa. Hawaii.

D.S. Trust Territory: Micronesia (Caroline, Marshall & Mariana).

Dutch Territory; W. New Guinea.

Editor and Publisher; R. W. ROBSON.

Assistant Editor: JUDY TUDOR.

Business Manager;

Selwyn Hughes

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Pacific Islands Monthly No. 7. Vol. XXV.

February, 1955 Contents: Editorial: Japan is Again a Major Pacific Problem .. 13 Signs of Oil in N. Caledonia . 14 Copra Back to 1953 Rates .. 15 By Air from Pacific, Across North Pole to Europe .... 15 From Boarding-School to Boy House 16 Violent Reaction by P-NG PSA to Cost-of-L ivi n g Decision 17 More Liveliness on Norfolk Is. 18 Fiji Manganese—Extent of Deposits Not Proved .... 19 Do You Remember? Extracts From PIM of 20 Years Ago 19 Editors’ Mailbag 20 Good Prices for Islands Products Continue 21 Rearrangement of P-NG Air Services 21 Fine Record of Nelson and Robertson—6o Years of Pacific Trading 24 New BP Ship for S. Pacific 25 Territories’ Talk-Talk .. .. 26 New Caledonia’s New Hydro Project 31 Poor Prospects for New Caledonian Chrome .. .. 34 Current News Items from Our P-NG Correspondents .. 35 Air Tourism in Pacific .... 49 Fiji’s Near-Miss Hurricane Does Little Damage .. .. 53 NGG Shareholders Not Soothed by 3d per Share Dividend 57 Fiji’s Outstanding Scholars Win Scholarships 67 No Land Tax for Tahiti .... 69 MAGAZINE SECTION: Tropicalities, 77; Why and When the Palolo Sheds Its Tall, 78; Exploring Mboli Caves, 80; Day’s Work for a Vulcanologist 82 SPC’s Extensive Surveys in South Pacific 91 New Hebrides’ Future Presents Dismal Picture 95 For Pacific Radio Amateurs 101 News of the Smallships .. 103 Save £s Providing Buses For Rabaul H 9 Australia’s Continental Shelf Shrinks to Three-M i1 e Limit 130 Observer Tries to Assess Value of Samoan Convention 133 Wet Season Wogs, NG Highlands Need Expert Help .. 139 Scholarships for P-NG Schoolchildren 145 OBITUARY: AdramGobrait; Brother Malachy; Mrs.

Lilian Hazard; Capt. Bell; W. Gray; Mrs. W. Newton; G. Gurnery; Lt.-Col. James R. Matson, R. J. Nosworthy 146 P-NG’s 15 Brightest for Suva Medical Schools 147 Morobe’s £295,000 Bridge Opened 150 Future of Hebrides and Solomons 150 Disposal of Warangoi Land • 153 Priorities and the NG Plan 155 Pitcairn’s Claim About Norfolk Is. Constitution .. .. 157 Islands Produce, Markets, etc. 160 A Product of Poeifie Publications Pty. Ltd., Technipress House, 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (29 Alberta Street i$ 10 yards from the Intersection of Goulbum Street end Wentworth Avenue.)

IkSlif NT WOULD * V>' T 6 fiiii TZlk "***** &f*hs mre I 18» 7s QU/h books * fob otUtf Jfa Monw/ AND LOOK at these Reductions

New Programme

“Annapurna” by Maurice Herzog “The Singer not the Song” by Audrey Erskine “Fanfare For a Witch” by Vaughan Wilkins “The Story of England” by Arthur Bryant .

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“Seven Years in Tibet” by Heinrich Harrer "Kingfishers Catch Fire” by Rumer Godden

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Usual Price by Somerset Maugham. A the author’s best stories. 56/3 (5 volumes) .. £9/6/3 "The World Over collection of (2 volumes) .

"Churchill’s War Memoirs”

"Gone With the Wind” by Margaret Mitchell .. 34/9 “The Struggle For Europe” by Chester Wllmott . 35/- "A King’s Story—Duke of Windsor’s Memiors” . 31/6 "Boswell’s London Journal 1762-63” 26/6 "The Drawings of Leonardo Da Vinci” 42/- "The England of Elizabeth” by Rowse 41/6 "The Fortunes of Richard Mahony” by Henry Handel Richardson 21/- Club Price 25/9 64/3 13/9 14/6 12/- 12/- 25/9 13/- 14/9 Plus postage.

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Simply complete and sign the enrolment form belo\ enclose your cheque, postal note or money order fc 12 months’ (or 6 months’) subscription and mail 1 any branch of COLLINS’ BOOK DEPOT PTT LTD., MELBOURNE. Remember, it costs nothir to join the WORLD BOOKS CLUB—the book cIl of quality. Your subscription covers cost of bool and postage—there are no fees or dues whatsoeve FREE f Each member introducing a ne ri ' tc • member to the Club is entitled to or FREE book from previous selections in stoc Members are also able to purchase past selectioi at the privilege prices.

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Date 19..

Please enrol me as a member of the WORLD BOOF CLUB. I agree to accept and pay for at least six co; secutive monthly books, and to continue my membershi after that until I cancel it by one month’s written notio Name Mr., Mrs., Miss (In block letters) PIM/FB Address 12 Months’ Subscription, £4/10/-, plus 6/- postag 6 Months’ Subscription, £2/5/-, plus 3/- postage. Sut scription to be paid in advance and books will be post! regularly. 12 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

NO WESTERNERS ADMITTED JAKARTA CONFERENCE ft? p 3 5/ 9 - W- M *p No, Tie CAN’T come in —grab Tiis bag and send Tizm packing Editorial ...

Japan Is Again A Major

Pacific Problem

lA.RLY in February the people of i Rabaul, in grim silence, watched the Japanese official party from e Taisei Maru groping around in e war cemeteries and 1942-45 ttlegrounds, collecting the remains Japanese dead, burning the bones, id carrying the ashes in little jelled caskets aboard the ship, for eservation in Japan.

Here and there, throughout the [omons and New Guinea, wherever »y found and retrieved their war ad, the Japanese erected small imorials, in Japanese and in Eng- 1, to tell future generations that panese servicemen had died there. 7e ry touching, no doubt. And we pe there is no significance in the it that future residents have been is addressed in Japanese! Engi should suffice. [he war is over, ten years ago. e United States and the British mmonwealth, facing a new peril the Muscovite-Mongolian Comnist alliance, are trying very •d to line up the post-war Japan part of the Western defence imst the Reds. We are urged to libit a Christian spirit and fore our enemies. The spectacle the sad little men from Tokio hering up their poor bones and louring their dead in the Southit Islands should move us to derness. •ut it doesn’t. Some memories still too fresh and raw, and too ply implanted in our minds, to overshadowed by any Oriental ;monial in New Guinea. We note t among the Jap war dead tiered up by the Taisei Maru e some four-score men of the ;er class, executed by Australia, ;r the fairest possible trial, for 7 brutal war-time crimes. Are expected so soon to forget that?

JRING the early part of the Pacific war, when the Japanese were sweeping southwards over the archipelagoes, certain of ory and vast aggrandisement, r made their own rules; and the nory of the way in which they ted Europeans and native nders who fell into their hands, makes us sick with horror. was all of the same pattern— massacre of those helpless Auslans at Tol Plantation; the cruel .deliberate murder of the two sion sisters at Buna, and of old tain Isaac Handley and the Rev.

L- Sadd and 22 New Zealand icemen at Tarawa; the wanton mg of Australian men and len ln the Moluccas; the indescribable cruelties (massacre, really) inflicted upon the surrendered Australian and Indian soldiers in Burma and in Borneo—the list is almost endless.

They believed they were going to over-run all the countries in and around the Western Pacific, and so they made their own rules. Their war-crimes were not spontaneous incidents —they were part of Japan’s deliberate policy, expressed in most countries which she over-ran between 1931 and 1943, to exterminate or enslave all classes of people which might in any way obstruct the occupation and settlement by Japanese of any Western lands which they conquered and found desirable.

These are the facts of history. Set them against the flood of soft and sentimental stories which we have had since 1945 about the kindness and hospitality of the Japanese householder, and the delectableness of his olive-tinted daughter. Which is the true Japanese—the gentleman who bows and smiles and makes himself extremely agreeable to the dominant European; or the soldier who seems to take much joy in carrying out his officer’s instruction to torture and murder the wretched people whom they have got into their power?

Can we have any doubt about what would happen to all European and native Islands communities here in the South Pacific if anything should happen to break the power of North America, and we were left exposed to the tender mercies of Asia? We think we know what the mainland Asians would do. With the lessons of 1931-43 before us, we can be quite certain about the Japanese.

And Japan will be ranking again among the Great Powers again within two decades—probably much sooner. Anyone who has studied history, and the character of these people, is sure of that.

So much for sentiment. We may be excused from weeping, as we watch the Japanese gather their war-dead in Rabaul. We must be realistic.

AND, as realists, we should now take another look at Japan— and try to read the future against a politico-economic background that is terrifying, and a challenge to the statesmanship of the free world.

There are nearly 90 millions of people in that country, and they in- 13 IC IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLT-FEBRUARY, 1955

crease by at least one million each year. Every square yard of productive soil is in use —and still there is not nearly enough food for the population. These are educated people, demanding an ever-rising standard of life —but unable to achieve it because of the bitter struggle for a bare existence on their little islands.

By war and conquest, in the first 40 years of this century, they occupied vast adjoining lands—Manchuria, Korea, Formosa, Micronesia.

By war, they lost the lot —being too greedy and ambitious. But war did not destroy that vast and virile population; they are back on their little islands, their capacity to reproduce themselves unimpaired, and no power on earth can hold them back.

There is the challenge to Western statesmanship. It is a fundamental law of nature—the law of selfpreservation—as inevitable as the coming of the night after the day —that if they are not provided with lands into which they may expand, they will again hurl themselves upon their neighbours, in an attempt to conquer other peoples, and provide themselves with new living-space.

All the Western nations recognise the problem. Never was there greater need for an international authority to deal with such matters.

But, in 1945-46, just at the moment when we seemed on the point of establishing world orderliness through the United Nations Organisation, the Moscow conspiracy to force Communism upon us as the dominant international force became manifest: international disorder increased; and UNO has been practically hamstrung.

Failure to deal with the problem of Japan’s future is just another of the international and human tragedies which must be laid at the door of Muscovite Communism. It is astonishing to find how almost every complication in world affairs to-day may be traced back, upon analysis, to the promoters of the Cold War.

We dare not trust the Japanese— but we must live with them. If it were possible to co-operate with them, in shaping their future, all Pacific countries could benefit, very much. But, for the present, in the face of the political situation that has been created in Asia by Red conspirators and Western muddlers, any such attempt seems to be impossible.

A chiming clock is to be made by a Derby, UK, firm of clockmakers for Queen Salote, of Tonga. The clock is intended for the Queen’s palace chapel. It will have three dials, each four feet in diameter, and will also have four chiming bells.

Signs of Oil In N. Caledonia THE Australian public, which has had spasms of hysteria over what were regarded as hopeful portents in oil-drilling areas in Australia and Papua, received the news that traces of oil had been found in boring operations in New Caledonia with complete calm.

The discovery of oil in New Caledonia would, of course, do nothing for the Australian investor, although as a valuable source of supply it would be an excellent thing for the whole of the South Pacific.

Our New Caledonia correspondent reports that four bores which have been put down in the Koumac district of northern New Caledonia prove that there is a subterranean reservoir of oil there —but only geophysics can prove how extensive the reservoir is. Indications of oil have come also from Gourarou, half way up the Island.

The finances of the company conducting the search (Societe de Recherche et Exploitation du Petrole, New Caledonia) are expected to be exhausted within a month or so. It has a capital of £A70,000, 65 per cent, of which is owned by the Bureau du Recherche du Petrole in Paris—the instrumentality that helps finance and is in charge of all oil search in the French Empire.

Backed by the Governor of the Colony, the New Caledonian company has asked the Bureau for further assistance to ascertain, at what depth the oil exists; (2) extent of the deposits; and (3) tli economic value.

The fact that no reply has b< received has irritated many rt dents of New Caledonia.

About 58 milliards of francs hi been invested in oil search in French Empire; 677 bores have bi put down and 167 have been foi productive.

Fiji's Governor on Long Leave AFTER nearly 2| years' serv the Governor of Fiji o Ronald Garvey) left Colony at the end of January long leave. Accompanied by I* Garvey and their two youni children, Sir Ronald left Nadi New Zealand by air on January and joined the liner Domin Monarch there.

While the ship was in Sydney February 11, en route to Ehgla Sir Ronald and Lady Garvey w entertained at a private lunch, by a small number of Sydney n dents who have interests in Fiji During the Governor’s absence several months, the Colonial £ retary, Mr. A. R. Stoddart, will!

Acting-Governor.

Christmas in Apia was marked! extremely brisk business on the p of all traders, heavy motor i pedestrian traffic in the town ai and an increase in the normal lieu purchasing permits on the part the Government.

Entries Should Be Sent Now—

£25 for a Colour Photograph ENTRIES in the above competition should be sent in soon.

Last date for acceptance will be the end of March. That means that by the time residents of some of the outer islands read this, they should be getting their entries away.

Scenes, native people, birds, flowers, canoes, native institutions and customs, the social and commercial enterprises of non-indigenous people —are just a few of the subjects suitable.

PIM will be 25 years old this year; and in July, 1955, we shall publish a special anniversary issue.

For this issue we want colourphotographs and we will pay £25 for the one we consider best for our purpose; plus £5 each for any others used.

Anyone may enter and submit up to a maximum of three ordinary colour transparencies, 35 MM larger. Subjects, of course, must Pacific islands subjects.

They should be typical of y Territory or Group, and not merely “pretty”. Points will given for originality, presentai) reader appeal and interest va Scenes are, of course, not ruled but remember that bold subjj are better for reproduction tJ those with a lot of fussy detail., Write your name and addl clearly and attach it to EACH your entries —and, as well, givs clear description of the suhc matter. Address entries to: Editor, Pacific Islands Monthly, 3408, Sydney, and endorse tl; “Colour Photograph Competitii All transparencies not used be returned. All entries must b< by March 31, 1955. 14 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

At P-NG Ex-ship Ports —£A Sydney Hot air .. . . 69/15/0 .. .. 90/10/0 FMS . 69/0/0 .. .. 90/10/0 Smoked .. . . 66/5/0 .. .. 89/10/0 See article on page 21.

Per ton, Plantation grade (60 pts. £F and over) 63 5 6 FMS grade (57*-45 pts.) 63 0 0

To Assist New

ENTERPRISE BSIP Loans Board Has Been Set Up THE Agricultural and Industrial Loans Board Regulation, a measure designed to encourage private enterprise, was signed in the British Solomon Islands Protectorate in January.

The Regulation provides for the jgtablishment of a Board with power to make loans for the development, maintenance and improvement of lands; the promotion md development of crafts and iniustries, etc.

The High Commissioner’s approval B necessary for any loan which exseeds £2,000, or if period of repaynent exceeds 15 years. The Board las power to charge such rate of nterest on loans as it may think it. or to grant any particular loan ither wholly or partly free of inerest.

The Chief Secretary Western •acific High Commission, Mr. R. J. linnitt, has been appointed Chairlan of the Board. Other members re Mr. C. A. Kirkman and Mr. !. H. Allan.

Steps will be taken to publicise tiese new opportunities in BSI.

MacRobertson's Planting Cocoa in Markham pHE Australian confectionery firm L of Macßobertson’s has begun planting cocoa on its 1,000-acre roperty in the Markham Valley, itside of Lae, which it acquired ime months ago from the Markim Development Co.

About 600 acres will eventually be anted with cocoa and the rest will ■obably be used for growing tea, iffee or copra.

Cocoa plants were obtained from e Kerevat experimental station, lar Rabaul, but it will be three or ur years before production begins. acßobertson’s considers the plantion a trial one, and will investife other areas if it is successful.

Air Rates Up on Tonga Route BECAUSE of increased operating f costs, Tasman Empire Airways Ltd. has announced an increase, 121 per cent., in freight rates d fares on the Suva-Nukualofa Jte. Flights are made under arter to the Tongan Government. from March 22, the fare, in ]i currency, will be £l7/2/- single d £3O/16/- return.

Australia Defeats the 10 per cent. Move

Copra Price

RACK TO 1953 RATES Copra producers in British South Pacific Islands territories will, in 1955, get a price £sstg. lower than in 1954 —but about £2stg. higher than the MOF was offering in January.

ALTHOUGH an official announcement from Canberra was still lacking on February 9 (it was officially confirmed late on February 14), it was generally known in Sydney on that day that the new MOF copra contract price, for British South Pacific countries in 1955, will be based on £65 Stg. per ton f.o.b. Island ports—which is equal to a reduction ,of over 7 per cent, on the 1954 basic price of £7O Stg. f.o.b.

Copra interests, in December, expected a 10 per cent, reduction — Fiji and Solomons actually announced provisional new prices based on that assumption.

But Australia, during January, fought against the British attempt to get down to about £63 Stg. (down by 10 per cent) and urged instead a reduction of lh per cent. £64/15/0. Finally, London agreed to make it round figures—i.e., £65 Stg., which was the 1953 price.

Canberra announced on Feb. 14 that the new prices to producers at main P-NG ports, as from January 1, would be: Fiji Official Price The Fiji Copra Board announced at the end of January that it had agreed to a reduction of about 7 per cent, in the MOF contract price of Copra for 1955. The MOF price to the Board for 1955 is £65 Stg. f.o.b.—which is £2 per ton better than the MOF offer at the end of December. Rates to growers at Suva and Levuka: On gradings to below 45 pts. (fixed by moisture content) the price per ton ranges down to £59/15/-.

J Mr. W. J. Lahore, who has been Manager of the Suva Branch of the ANZ Bank since it was opened in 1951, is leaving Fiji in April on transfer to Brisbane.

From Pacific Across

North Pole

TO EUROPE COMMENCING in May, 1955, a new commercial air route, envisaged, surveyed and planned by Canadian Pacific Airlines, will enable this company to offer the fastest transportation between the South Pacific and Europe.

The new route, which will link up with the present South Pacific service, will be from Vancouver to Amsterdam via the North Pole. It is 1,000 miles shorter than the most direct present route from Western Canada via Montreal and across the North Atlantic.

A chain of excellent airports is already in existence along the entire polar path. President of CPAL, Mr.

Grant McConachie, who visualised the polar regions as a shortcut between continents some years ago, said that at no time during the 17 hours’ flight between Vancouver and Amsterdam, would an airliner be more than 90 minutes from an airport. The proposed route has been under extensive study for the past two years Amsterdam has been chosen as the European terminus because it is equidistant from most of the principal cities in Europe. It is also a ‘‘free port” where passengers in transit are not required to pass through Customs or Immigration clearances.

The 4,825-mile polar route will rv'obabiv be flown in two stages.

Each of these will be considerably less in distance than the 3,180-mile Honolulu-Fiji span regularly flown now by Canadian Pacific. Weather conditions on top of the world will be generally more favourable than in the latitudes used on most air ro ™? s between the continents.

The Traffic manager for CPAL in Australia, Mr. N. R. McMorran, said in Sydney recently that permission to operate the service had now been obtained from the Canadian Government. When the inaugural flight takes place in May, 1955, Canadian Pacific will become the only airline ln the world to provide a service which crosses the equator, the international dateline, and the Arctic Circle. 15 ISLANDS M O N X H L 1 - P E B R U A R Y , 1955

Ng Students Dilemma

AT LAE: From Boarding School To Boy-House THERE were complaints and some heartburnings in Lae (NG) in December-January when native students passing through that centre from boardingschoas were forced to take overnight accommodation in the local native labour compound, or, alternatively, in Qantas boy-house.

In trying to find themselves better accommodation, several of the students managed to miss their plane connection.

' The Morcbe Education Officer, Mr.

E. Dobbyn, said that if these students were considered fit for hisrher education in Australia, then something better than the nativelabour compound was needed for their transient accommodation. . . .

The Government Secretary later announced that if Qantas were unable to provide suitable accommodation for these people, the Administration would do so. In Port Moresby, he said, suitable accommodation was provided at the quarters erected for the Native Members of Legislative Council.

Comment Implied in the reports and announcements about this tea-cup storm is some criticism of Qantas.

This does not seem fair. The decision to send these native youngsters to school in Australia was purely a Government one; and the Government, therefore, should have been farseeing enough to take care of the minor consequences that were sure to accrue. Transient accommodation was one of these.

There has been controversy in the Territory as to whether natives should be sent to secondary schools in Australia. Majority opinion appears to be that they should not —that these native people are not yet sufficiently advanced. Majority opinion could be right. Or, alternately, it could be that it is the European population of P-NG that is not sufficiently advanced for such a social experiment.

Most other Pacific Islands territories took this particular hurdle half a century ago, and have surmounted it. Secondary schools for native people exist in most of the Islands territories outside P-NG.

Yet the brightest students and those who through birth or ability are destined to become the leaders of their communities, continue to be sent to good schools and Universities in New Zealand, Australia or the United Kingdom.

There has never been anything to show that the Islands territories concerned have lost anything this; to the contrary. Unlike sim British experiments with Asian African students, the sending 1 Pacific islands students abroad not produced a discontented strai of native society—not yet, any\ Islands Residents on Himalaya

Fiji Hotel Building

More Accommodation More Tourists T> EVIVED interest in hotel bi ing in Fiji should do sc thing to relieve shortage of hotel commodation—biggest bottleneck Fiji tourism.

Mr. Hope Gibson, well-kn Australian merchant, has purchs Mr. Barry Philp’s interest in Beachcomber Hotel, Deuba.

January, Mr. R. Grayson, owne a hotel at Casino, NSW, was in making plans for the erection c new hotel opposite the Bank of I Zealand, in Lautoka.

At Navua, Fiji Builders Ltd., which Mr. A. H. Marlowe is hea« making good progress with the c struction of a new hotel which 1 firm will own.

In Suva an application for a i mit to build a licensed hotel of beach type at Lami, Bay of Islawas approved. If plans are real this hotel promises to provide S with a little “night life” within « reach of the city, as the owne: Mr. Hawthorne, intends to emj entertainers and make the est lishment a rendezvous for pan and social functions. There wil 8 bedrooms as required by permit, and possible additional commodation of the “bure” type In Suva city, the licensing co was to reconsider renewal of South Seas Hotel bar license ei in February, but it appears posst that it will not be renewed and bar will remain closed, as at presd until there is definite evidence t the owners intend proceeding v the construction of the accomma tion portion of the, building, ha!, since the Suva earthquake September, 1953.

New Senate President i[?] E. Samoa AT the January Fono of East!

Samoa, High Chief Tuitele?

Leone was elected President] the Senate by a nine to six vr He thus replaces High Talk?

Chief M. Tuiasosopo.

New Speaker of the House is So a representative from Ta’u, Manj who received ten of the poss; seventeen votes. He succee; Aomoeaulogo.

There was a meeting of Islands residents on the “Himalaya”, which arrived in Sydney from the UK just before Xmas. Mr. and Mrs. Minnican from Lae, NG, joined the vessel with their daughter in Perth.

Mrs. Sim and three children, of Fiji, had just spent seven months in Scotland.

And Mr. E. Valentine, of Nukualofa, Tonga, had also spent a holiday in Scotland.

Our photo shows (left to right): Mr.

Valentine, Mrs. Sim and two of her children, and Mr. and Mrs. Minnican. 16 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHU

Canberra Rejection of Claims Causes Violent Reaction by P-NG Public Service to Cost-of-Living Decision One of the biggest Territory storms in years has been touched off by the Commonwealth Government’s announcement of the results of the inquiry into Territory Public Service hours and wages.

P. MORESBY, Feb. 7.

IHE inquiry was made last year . by a Conciliation Committee especially appointed by Terrifies Minister Hasluck, following sistent Public Service complaints at they were handicapped by havg the Territory cost-of-living ;ure based on Commonwealth jures, which did not apply to ‘rritory conditions.

At the same time the Public Ser- ;e asked that they be allowed to >rk a five-day week, no Saturys; so both matters were taken jether.

Chairman of the inquiry was Mr.

Chambers, a Commonwealth Coniation Commissioner, assisted by ’. L. Butler, a Territory Public rvice inspector, and Mr. R. rnnan, the president of the Papuaw Guinea Public Service Associate rhe committee completed its re- •t in December, after hearing 190 nesses in many parts of the Ter- )ry. It also had informal disisions with at least another 100 >ple. ’he results of the inquiry have n awaited throughout the Terri- -- It was generally accepted that report would give a substantial rease in the cost-of-living paytits, at present fixed at £l9B for named man. ; ut, what a shock! When the re- ;s were announced in Port fesby last week, this was the •e: There was no increase in the --of-living payment.

There was no five-day week.

There was no increase in the d allowance.

There was an increase of £3O a r uP Education allowance Stable to parents with children chool in Australia).

There was a figure of £1,045 a a s a base salary for a w^e > an d those withtnat minimum were to get it ’ there were not too many who not already have it!). And se - S!n e . was a minimum base ry of £945 for single officers (and same applied;).

There was no provision made “5® Government for periodical of cost of living, or for effecpnce-control machinery. The cost-of-living was still ea a t the Commonwealth figure. r THAT was the result of the costof-living inquiry, which had taken up the time of three men for so long.

P. MORESBY, Feh. 9: PSA Council decided yesterday to take its case on salaries before Arbitration Court immediately. Case for 5-days week will not be taken to Court at present.

However, simultaneously with the Government’s decision on the costof-hvmg report, came the announcement that marginal increases granted provisionally to Commonwealth Public Servants in Australia would apply also to Territory public servants, as from December 16, 1955.

The increases vary, but a married man on a base salary of £620, which is above the average salary, will get an increase of £72 a year.

“Simultaneously,” perhaps is not the nght word. The announcement of the marginal increases was made on the same prepared statement 'prepared in Canberra) which told the Association of the results of the cost of living inquiry.

The statement was headed- “A report of the committee established to inquire into certain matters affecting the Public Service A summary of the decisions,”

First thing listed was the increase in salary rates. At first (and even second) glance it appeared as though the increases listed were the result of the cost-of-living inquiry, hut this was not so. For the most part they were the result of the marginal increases granted to the Commonwealth.

THE reaction of the Public Service Association to all this was violent.

The Council met urgently the afternoon of the announcement and later issued a statement, accusing the Minister of attempting to hoodwink the Administration officers. It said the Association had been offered practically nothing more than marginal increases that were members’ due in any case.

The only benefits received were an increase of £3O in the Education Allowance (the committee had recommended at least £B5), and small increases for some officers, to bring them into line with what had been fixed as a minimum wage.

The Association said Mr. Hasluck had shown his “complete disregard for the future of the Service” and said recruiting must suffer.

It said Mr. Hasluck had not taken any notice of the Association’s appeal to take increased electricity charges into acount (these had occurred after the inquiry had ended) and pointed out that a man who had a base salary of £572 received an increase of £36 a year of which £26 was taken up with the increases in electricity.

The Association’s bitter statement said that it had been hoped that a goqd deal of the discontent in the Service would have disappeared following the report, and that a (Continued on Page 138) Fine New Building for Fiji Museum The new Fiji museum building which is situated in the suva Botanicai Gardens, was officiallyopened by the Governor, Sir Ronald Garver, on January 20.

The building is of concrete and of very modern design, as Those exhibits which were for merly housed in the Carbegic Library building have been tranferredm, and many relics of Fiji craftsmanship, not previously shown are now on display.

Photo: Fiji Public Relations Office. 17 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY_F E B R U A R Y , 1955

Talk of Bureaucrats and Dictators More Reports of “Liveliness 99 on Norfolk Despite the visit of the Secretary of the Department of Territories to Norfolk Island in January, Norfolk Islanders still intend to petition the Queen for removal of newly imposed taxes.

WHEN the Secretary of the Australian Department of Territories, Mr. C. R. Lambert, accompanied by the Economist (Mr. Gleeson), stepped off the plane from Norfolk Isiand. in Sydney, on January 13, a friend greeted him thus: “May I offer congratulations on your New Year’s honour (the CBE), your rise in pay announced to-day (from £3,000 to £4,500 per annum) and on your escape uninjured from Norfolk Island!”

Mr. Lambert smiled wryly. “They are not as bad as they have been represented,” he said. “They are upset about the new ad valorem taxes, of course. But, while taxes on luxury items have been raised in some cases, taxes on certain foodstuffs and other necessities have been either reduced or removed altogether. The Norfolk Islanders, like people everywhere, must meet tne new costs of living. The public finances there have not been revised for thirty years.”

BUT the visit of the Departmental chief and his economist did little to soothe the Islanders (see January PIM). The whole community (850 persons, all told) is in a ferment, and the petition to the Queen, praying for the removal of oppressive taxes, and of “dictatorship,” so that some form of democratic government may be introduced, has been signed by most of the householders, and will go forward to Her Majesty.

Copies of this and other documents are being prepared for distribution among members of the Australian Parliament.

NI says it will not resume the peace and calm which have made it famous until “the power of bureaucracy”—which it has challenged in such forthright fashion— has been broken.

Bureaucracy, however, points out that NI enjoys freedom from income taxation. NI replies that, if one takes into consideration the facts that they are obliged to pay heavily at the Custom House for most of the goods they import, and that the sea freight from Sydney to NI is no less than £lB per ton, they are more heavily taxed than residents of NSW.

Bureaucracy says that NI should engage more in agricultural produc- H? 11 * retorts that most of its allotments of land are from ! acre to 1 acre — what IS the use of that for agriculture? And where is there any ? market for its products, any- Bureaucracy says NI must contribute more to the cost of its Administration. NI answers furiously that it already raises, in public revenue, over £20,000 per annum (Mr. Lambert’s own figures), and this should be ample for the government of 850 people.

NI also points out that no less than 42 public servants have their headquarters at Kingston, NI, and that their salaries last year totalled some £30,000. It points out that it costs some £6,000 per annum to maintain a totally unnecessary Administrator and Government House at Kingston—and that that would provide a weekly pension of 50/- per week for 50 aged and indigent people, of whom there are many in NI. ntt NI admits that Australia contributes between £15,000 and £20,000 per annum for the upkeep of the Administration. But (asks NI) what does Australia gain from that, when the 850 Norfolk Islam could govern themselves with t; own £20,000 per annum reve:i without any subsidy from Austra NX is extremely bitter about fact that the new Administrs (Brigadier H. B. Norman) in the past couple of years sj some £63,000 of special grant on refurbishing of his house, and old stone offices and stores; Kingston, merely to bring solace comfort to an unnecessary Adr istration, whereas the expend! of that sum on NI generally m have established some sort of fitable industry. (At present, NI lives on over revenue derived from the sale little bean-seed, from the pri incomes of the many retired pe there, and from the tourist trafl One of Nl’s angriest charge that Bureaucracy has propose' impose a landing-charge per I on all visitors, the bulk of whorr the revenue-producing tourists.

Bureaucracy said that NI w have to provide more revenue essential services. NI prori pointed out that much revenue now wasted on a school sy; (£5,500 pa for 150 children) afforestation (which could be ca:. on by the community on a volur system).

NO punches were pulled in early in January, when S» tary Lambert and Econc Gleeson met the residents in pi meeting. Mr. Lambert divu figures covering revenue, exp« ture and Australian subsides — which the Island Council has seeking for a long time. (Continued on Page 138) Suva Rotary Entertains 70 Young Guests Just before Christmas, Suva Rotary Club entertained 70 young people—ranging from infants to those just past teenage—in the grounds of Dr. Oldmeadow’s home at Suva Point.

The guests were from orphanages and hospitals, and many of them were incapacitated. There were pony rides, boat trips, a great deal to eat and drink and a Christmas tree with gifts for everyone. Our photograph shows Santa Claus distributing presents.

Photo : Stinsons Studios. 18 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHS

Fiji’s Manganese Industry.

Oeposits Not Yet Proved ALTHOUGH there is a consider- * able amount of manganese vailable in Fiji in surface deposits, eep drilling to determine extent of ic ore will be necessary before ipital expenditure on roads, wharves c, is warranted.

This statement was made in Syd- -5d early in February, by Mr. Ron re, of Dickson Primer & Metal •aders London (Pty.) Ltd., in supying details of the situation in ji following the amalgamation of B organisation with Consolidated anganese and Mining Co. of Fiji 5t November. (PIM, Dec., p. 31).

Metal Traders, with interests in mdon and New York, now owns per cent, of Fiji’s largest mannese mining company, and has an tion on a further 25 per cent, of ares.

Mr, Lye said that Consolidated mganese had experienced a cern amount of bad luck in Fiji. Due bad weather, flooding and slips some of the new roads, in the per Sigatoka region, mining and insport of manganese had been Id up last year after a vessel had ;n chartered and was standing to commence loading the comtiy’s first export cargo. Eventu- -7 .the ship was despatched with isiderably less aboard than had in intended, and consequently the irter had resulted in a rather ivy loss. flr. Lye said that the Fiji Goviment had given every assistance, i he felt that it should open its :ket as well as its heart and give company a little more financial operation in its exploratory work. f test drilling is encouraging, isideration will be given to estabung stqrage hoppers and a loadcantilever. One place under for this was Tuvuriki nt, the western extremity of i Levu.

'his was still a long way from mam deposits, but there were possible places from a navigalfi p ? lnt of view - Test drilling ild also decide whether a road r the mountains from the Nadi iction might be warranted. It ild certainly greatly reduce the iking distance. teanwhile, the company is proling with the building of ceri roads to deposits being worked is stockpiling the mined ore’ wiil eveitually be carted trucks to the CSR wharf at When another 8,000 or 9,000 tons are ready—probably about June— another vessel will be chartered. As with the last shipment, loading will be by lighters, to the ship in the stream. The CSR wharf is usually required by sugar vessels.

Mr. Lye indicated that if the manganese operations develop satisfactorily, the company will investigate certain deposits of guano or phosphate in Fiji.

Mr. Lye will visit Fiji from his Sydney office in February-March.

Nz Minister'S Visit

To W. Samoa

RECENTLY appointed New Zealand Minister of Island Territories, Mr. Thomas MacDonald announced on January 13 that he would pay a four-days’ February visit to Western Samoa.

Discussions would be held with political leaders in the Territory, and an inspection of public works and institutions would be carried out.

Mr. MacDonald will be accompanied by his private secretary and by Mr. J. •B. Wright, Secretary of Island Territories.

Mr. MacDonald said that he planned to pay a visit to the Cook Islands and Niue later in the year.

Monkeys. Maybe?

Strange Animals “Seen” in New Caledonia (From Our Own Correspondent) A SENSATION has been caused among the hunters on North New Caledonia.

One of them, from the region of Mt. Panier, highest mountain in NC (1650 metres) reports meeting up with a strange animal which, on being sighted, swung 15 feet into a tree, afterwards dropping to the ground and making off into the forest.

The hunter says he thinks the animal was a monkey.

Hunters in the neighbourhood are undecided whether to investigate the animal or the brand of liquor used by the hunter.

From time to time, there have been isolated reports of monkeys being seen in NC. Some of the deep forests may harbour strange animals, being little explored as yet. However, it is very doubtful that this country has a native monkey. A few monkeys were brought here during the war by American servicemen coming from the North but it is considered unlikely that these animals have ever bred here. (Reports of monkeys in Papua have been received from time to time, too. But no one has yet been able to produce proof that monkeys exist there).

Do You Remember? 20 Years ago.

THE year 1935 was opening better than any since the Depression; copra price was keeping up— probably as an indirect result of Hitler’s and Mussolini’s swordrattling on the other side of the world—and it was boom-time for gold-mining.

Here are some extracts from our issue of February, 1935.

The Duke of Gloucester was visiting Fiji and was being given the full treatment of Kava, mekes, fish drives, etc. * * * The Cook Islands had been swept by the worst hurricane in many years, Aitutaki, Atiu and Mauke being worst hit. * * * We published two photographs of Japanese sampans that had been “caught red-handed while poaching shell beds off Manus”. * * * The conra market, we reported, continued in remarkably healthy condition. At time of writing, price was £l2/15/- per ton, cif, London about £l5 'in Australian currency. * * * Lady Mountbatten was making an extended stay in Tahiti—to the delight of local residents. Oddly, not one word was said about Lord Louis—World War II was still almost five years away. But the fact that Lady Mountbatten was the “richest woman in England” was given a lot of publicity. * ♦ * The first crushing plant on the Tavua goldfield, Fiji, had gone into action and the first four days had yielded 63 ounces of gold. This was from the then privatelyowned Emperor mine. There followed wild and growing interest in Fiji mining in Australia and bidding was brisk when stock exchanges there offered shares in Loloma and Koroere mines which were adjacent to Loloma. * * * Tonga had passed legislation restricting the entry of Japanese into the Kingdom. This followed the phenomenal growth of Banno Bros., a firm started by a Japanese a few years previously and which, in 1935, employed at its various branches, 20 Japanese. * * * Ray Parer and his flying companion, Hemsworth, were still struggling home from the Melbourne Centenary air race which for most competitors had finished in the previous October. They had withdrawn from the race early (radiator trouble) but decided to jog quietly back to Australia. This “quiet jog” had included forced landings, sickness, burntout magnetos and being lost for four days in Southern Burma. 19 ACIFIC ISLANDS MoNTHLY_F E B R U A R Y . 1955

The Editors' Mailbag

The Other Side of the Picture A few months since, in “Do You Remember” events of 20 years ago, we recalled the deportation of Captain Macarthur Onslow from Norfolk Island, as a “dipsomaniac” and “a nuisance wherever he went.”

Maybe, there was another side to that picture.

“My late husband (Ronald Roy Johnson) and I knew the Macarthur Onslows well during our residence on NI,” writes Mrs. Francis M.

Johnson, of Caulfield, Melbourne, “and I can assure you that he never did anything that many other residents did not do. But he was unfortunate enough to have been found out. His conduct as a guest in our house was quite in order and his wife —who had been Pixie Herbert, a well known dancer—was a charming woman.”

Commander Burrows A cheery note from England reports that Commander William Burrows, whose lean and erect figure for so long was well known in the streets of Fiji’s capital city, has settled down at White Cottage, 3 The Close, Wonerst, Guildford, Surrey, England. Despite the handicap of the decade’s foulest summer, he says it is a lovely place, and he is there engaged in the compilation of a book, with much of his South Seas memories in it.

William Burrows was born with literary ability and a writing itch, and his pen never is quiet for long.

Preference for Bugs and Crocs That restless jungle-wanderer, G. M. Rio, has been back for a brief spell in the Bulolo Valley of New Guinea, from bouts of insectcollecting and crocodile shooting.

“The place has become a blasted suburb,” he complains. “I am getting too old to endure the discomforts and hardships of civilisation— too many white masters, and near masters, and white women and kids.

What a joy it will be get away to the Sepiks—away from the crooning of radios, and to get fresh game for kai, instead of bits of long-dead animals sent by the benevolent Australian exporters.

“Great changes have taken place around Bulolo. Insect life is practically gone—except mosquitoes—and so is the game. The climate is changed, too. I think some of this may be caused by the large area of dredge tailings. But one good point is that the bush mokas and the scrub typhus also have gone.

“I had about 18 months out in the Fly, Bamu and Arawia country, after bigger and better bugs, and crocs. The bugs let me down — hardly got any—but the dear old crocs pulled me out of the red —God bless them!” 71 Years Ago!

Notable among Christmas greetings from scores of friends are those written on a postcard by Count Goedicke van Asten, aged 93, a long-time resident of Tonga, and now living in Devonport, Auckland.

The postcard shows the tombs of the Khalifs, in Cairo, and was bought by Mr. Goedicke (as he then was) in Egypt in 1883 —71 years ago and only 14 years after the Canal was opened.

Brief Glimpses of This Chequered World In a wander abroad, recently completed, Pastor A. J. Campbell, of New Guinea Highlands, spent a brief while in strange places: A few hours behind the Iron Curtain, in East Germany; some days among 20,000 Seventh Day Adventist people at a special gathering in San Francisco; a brief wander in Greece, following the steps of St. Paul; a flight from Oslo, Norway, into the Arctic Circle; a flight up the Nile Valley into Central Africa; a personal meeting with the 7 ft king of the Ruanda- Urindi, whose car choice is the latest model Studebaker; a brief sojourn among native Africans who baked their bread and their bricks with the wood of Australian eucalypts, introduced there many decades ago; and a brief glimpse of Mauritius, dotted with sugar factories.

Much of what the Pastor learned abroad will be applied in practical fashion in the work of his wellknown Mission at Goroka.

Have You Got Any Becke Books?

If anyone has any spare copies of the Pacific Islands books of the late Louis Becke he would be assisting the cause of international friendship by sending them to a New Guinea old-timer who still is deeply interested in the Pacific— namely, Captain C. Haug, 16 Weiterstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. Captain Haug believes that there still is in Germany a great deal of interest in life and conditions in the South Seas and that some translations made from the books of Louis Becke would find many readers there. Of all the innumerable writers about the South Pacific Is’ands. Louis Becke seemed to give the tn picture, in the things he wrote the latter half of last century. C tain Haug is enquiring the book, By Reef & Palm.

About An Author, Long Dead A letter from Miss Ida Lee: well known Australian librarian writer, about our reference (I PJVE) to the book, Rovings in Pacific, by a merchant long resic at Tahiti; “The spelling of the auth name is generally accepted Lucett (Edward Lucett). His fc is very interesting. He’s a vi§ ous writer; and, I remember, he: dulges in strong criticism of men, very well known in with the Pacific in differing w Herman Melville and Captain Wil of the US Exploring Expedition “When Melville published Ty\ Lucett remembered an encoui with him when Melville and other Lucy Ann mutineers were the stocks at Papeete. There’s a letter or a statement by Lui in the Tahiti Papers, in the Mite Library.

“He had a turn in the stocks h self, about which he also waxes: dignant in the book. Altogether is a very informative and colon account of a colourful period!

Tahiti’s history.’’

More about Rovings in the Pan from Charles C. Deland, of Ur South Australia: There is a w preserved copy in the York! section of the SA Branch of Royal Geographical Society and original catalogue gives the auth name as E. Lucett. There are coloured plates in the book, and of the artists was Lucett himsu Foodstuffs Which NG Can Grow A PIM contributor asked rece‘ about guavas at Tadji Plantat Aitape District of NG (writes L. F. D. Carter, of Queensland). T! were, I think, originally planted the Germans, and remnants of orchard were there when I i chased Tadji in 1927. When I after working the property for i 10 years, the orchard was OK: had pomolos, grapefruit, grs dilla, custard apples and U lemon planted there, and all v flourishing. Manure from the; herd of cattle fertilised the ssb loam to some order. There was a large pomolo standing down r the Raju River ferry crossing.. good deal of bombing occurreo that area, and no doubt cleane© most of the trees.

I actually grew potatoes at T r Although the tubers were small 1 were good eating, and a big provement on the tinned varietf: 20 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

iaused seed potatoes to be taken ato and planted in the Wapi area Torricelli Range). As no kaikai ras forthcoming after 3 or 4 lonths. I enquired and found that iy couriers (“finish timers” and heir cobbers) had kai-kaied them n route to Wapi. A further plantig of seed spuds was sent in and iter, I enjoyed beautiful tubers, hese were equal to the Finschaven mission product, and those •om the Namatanai hills (which sed to go as far as Kavieng), lot —No Re-Broadcast The Christmas Message of Queen [izabeth was broadcast to the Engfh-speaking world —and listened ► with interest and affection.

But (says a correspondent) no xangements whatever were made Western Samoa to re-broadcast e Mes?age—so far as the Samoans e concerned, they were told nothg of the Queen, and her appeal r peace and goodwill.

He says he asked officialdom why thing was done; and was told that le people can hear the direct oadcast from overseas” (ignoring e fact that few Samoans have sets pable of tuning in to overseas) d that “re-broadcasting arrange- ;nts would be too expensive.” ir correspondent thinks this was n insult to the Samoans.” ) You Remember att Crowe?

Anyone with early records or mories of Matt Crowe, colourful meer goldminer in Papua and w Guinea, is asked to write to . Charles C. Deland, of 20 Opey enue, Unley, South Australia.

Matt was on the goldfields of ist Australia in 1896, and did a her hazardous trip with me as junior, to Mount Ida, beyond nzies. I should like to complete ! record,” writes Mr. Deland. ’he Pacific Islands Yearbook s: “The three most persistent the Australian prospectors (from Yodda and Gira fields, in Dua) were Matt Crowe, Arthur fling and “Sharkeye” Park. They •e always prowling about the robe ranges (German territory) the years just prior to World r I, ostensibly shooting Bird-of- •adise, but actually gold-seeking; I always were being chased off the German officials. Sometimes y were together, sometimes by tnselves.” mong students from Fiji who sed the New Zealand University imination in December, 1954, e. E. L. Bentley, J. D. Cavalevu, N. Dud’ey, G. S. Ewing, T. A. ster, C. P. Goulding, L. O. ;an, Kaorimaiwai, C. J. Kingdon, A. Patterson, M. A. Plucknett from Suva); and U. Naiker, n Lautoka.

Rearrangement of P-NG Air Services SANDRINGHAM aircraft have been withdrawn from Papua- New Guinea by Qantas Empire Airways. They will be replaced within the Territory by Catalinas; and an extra Skymaster, once fortnightly, on the Sydney-Moresby service will replace the Sandringham which formerly left Sydney on Sundays.

Sandringhams began operating in P-NG —r epla c i n g Catalinas —in mid-1952. At that time Qantas stated that they were “anxious to give outport residents the benefit of improved flying facilities.” The Sandringhams meant more passengers, more comfort and more cargo.

Outport residents appreciated the Sandringham services, where they flew in civilised comfort —and no one is pretending at the present time that they are going to enjoy retrogressing to the Catalinas. However, most of the customers will probably concede that the large Sandringhams are not the ideal aircraft for the sort of milk-run service they were called to perform in the Territory.

A Qantas official said in Sydney on ‘February 4, that he did not know what the company intended to do with the Sandringhams that were being withdrawn—but they were still being used on the Sydney- Noumea-Hebrides-Suva service (this service is due for conversion to landplanes in mid-1955). He said that the withdrawal of Sandringhams from P-NG was just a matter of economics—they cost too much to operate. The Catalinas, which could carry 28 natives, were more economic. He did not know whether the Catalinas to be used in P-NG would be converted to provide full cabin service, with regular aircraft seats, etc.; or whether they would just provide the minimum highdensity type of accommodation.

If Mr. Shankar Pratap, Suva business man, paid a business visit to Sydney and Hongkong in January- February.

South Pacific’s Spending Power £48m. per annum Good Prices for Island Products During 1955 The year 1955 has opened with good, steady markets for most of the principal products of the South Pacific Territories, and producers can look ahead to another prosperous year.

IN an adjustment of the MOF contract, the British coconut growers probably will lose 11 per cent, of the price they enjoyed in 1954.

But they can afford it—they have sold their copra in a profitable market for some years, and the new rate will still show a healthy margin.

Similarly, British Government contract rates have put a solid backbone into the Fiji sugar industry, and all classes in that Colony should continue to prosper.

Here is a rough estimate of the amounts which each Territory in the Pacific will either earn or receive by way of subsidy in the current year: £(Aust.) Papua-New Guinea (£6 mill, from copra, £2 mill, from gold, £3 mill. from timber, cocoa, coffee, etc., £8 mill, from Australia’s subsidy, £2 mill, from oil search) 21,000,000 Fiji (£8 mill, from sugar, £2 mill, from copra, £U mill, from gold, £1 mill. from others) 13,000,000 Western Samoa (from copra, cocoa, and various, plus NZ subsidies) 3,000,000 New Caledonia (from metals, copra, coffee, trochus and various) 3,000,000 French Oceania (from copra, phosphates, vanilla, shell, etc.) .. 3,000,000 All other South Pacific groups—say 5,000,000 Representing a total spending power in the South Pacific in one year of approximately .. 48,000,000 Copra TOWARDS the end of 1954, most observers thought that the British Ministry of Food contract price for copra from the British South Pacific Territories would be reduced by the full amount of 10 per cent, allowed under the contract—which, of course, would have meant a fall in cash returns to the planter of between £A6 and £A7 per ton.

That, naturally, was the view taken by the British officials. The market had had a sagging tendency over many months in the middle of the year—and in their communications in December-January with 21 CIF IC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY. 1955

MORRIS HEDSTROM Li mi tec General Merchants, Importers and Exporters, Shipowners, Plantation Owners, Commission and Insurance Agents

Head Offic

SUVA, FIJ Established 1868

Service In The South Pacific

TERRITORIES rpHROUGH our Large Establishments in Suva and our Nume ous Branches, we distribute a wide and comprehensi range of General Merchandise and provide almost every kii of service. Our departments and associated businesses includ DRAPERY

Motor Sales

And Service

TOBACCO

Timber And

BUILDING GROCERY CONFECTIONERY HARDWARE ELECTRICAL LIQUORS DRUGS Branches Throughout Fiji, Samoa and Tong There is a Branch or Agent of Morris Hedstrom Limited in every Town in the Thr Territories. We are Sole Agents in these Territories for British Drug Houses Ltd.

"Chula" Copra Dryers.

Electrolux Ltd.

Ford Motor Co.

General Electric Co. Ltd.

Goodyear Tyre and Rubber Co.

B. A. Hjorth Gr Co. (Primus Products).

Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd.

International Harvester Export Co.

Matson ‘Navigation Company.

Max Factor and Co. Inc.

Pacific Islands Transport Line.

Ransomes, Sims Gr Jefferies Ltd.

Vacuum Oil Co. Pty . Ltd.

Yorkshire Copper Works Ltd.

Morris Hedstrom Limited are LLOYD’S AGENTS in Fiji and Samoa.

IN AUSTRALIA: Morris Hedstrom Limited, (Incorporated in Fiji.) Asbestos House, 65 York Street, SYDNEY IN GREAT BRITAIN: Morris Hedstrom Limited Barclay's Bank Buildings, 73 Cheapside, LONDON, E.C.2 22 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

London, Australian Stg. GIF MOF price Per Ton, Per Ton, Dec. Straits FOB >1-52 . . .. £88 .. .. £65 Stg. >2-53 . . .. £78 .. .. £65 >3-54 . . .. £90 .. .. £70 >4-55 . . .. £73 .. .. £65 New Book

"Hands Off Pidgin

ENGLISH!"

By Professor R. A. HALL, Jr.

A new book on the subject of Pidgin English, entitled Hands Off Pidgin English! by Professor Robert A. Hall. Jr., has just been published by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Sydney. Price is 15/- (posted: 6d. extra within British Empire; Foreign, 1/-) or $2.00 U.S. (including postage).

It contains 142 pages, with a map of Papua-New Guinea and the Solomons, a bibliography and sample texts of Melanesian Pidgin. Size of the book is Crown Octavo (5 in. wide by 7V 2 in. deep), with cloth cover and suitable dustjacket.

Libraries, scholars and most persons residing in or connected with the Pacific have shown a lively interest in Pidgin English—but until now there has been a marked lack of expert Information on the subject. Hands Off Pidgin English! fills this need.

Whether Pidgin English is “a mongrel jargon” or “the Whiteman’s greatest gift to Melanesia”—as it has been variously described—is a controversial question that has been argued for 30 years. Although Pidgin is in general use in Melanesia, the United Nations Trusteeship Council has called for its abolition in New Guinea.

In his book, Professor Hall urges that Pidgin must be retained in NG as a language in its own right, if Australia is to make any appreciable progress in the fields of native education, mass communication, and health training.

As one reviewer said: “The thousands of people who are connected in some way with administration and education in Melanesia will find that this book challenges their attention and interest — they may not agree with the author, but they cannot ignore him.”

Copies may be obtained at most bookstores in Australia; through the stores in Papua and New Guinea; or direct from the publishers: Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Technipress House, 29 Alberta Street, (GPO Box 3408), Sydney.

In Melbourne: Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Newspaper House, 247 Collins St.

Order Form

Please send copy (copies) of Hands Off Pidgin English! to | the address below. Remittance ' (cheque, M/O, P/N) is attached I for , to cover cost, plus I postage.

NAME | ADDRESS j I I Janberra, Wellington and Suva rearding the 1955 price, they insisted onfidently on the 10 per cent, reliction.

The Governments of Fiji and olomon Islands-G & E Colony pparently accepted the argument, nd tentatively announced a 1955 rice reduction equal to 10 per cent.

But the market, from November iwards, showed improvement. The ficial quotation for Straits on De- ;mber 10 was £73 cif, Sterling— hich was an advance of about 10 »r cent, in six weeks—and the rward price was firm.

It was officially reported in Lon- >n on January 21 that the quota- )n had been up to £76, but that it >w was back to £72/10/-; and that ;e market was steady and firm, a these figures, the South Pacific jvernments—especially Australia— gan to -argue against a cut of 10 r cent.

To show their argument, it is cessary to quote the London Sterlet cif quotation for copra in Detnber of recent years, and the DF contract price (as finally reed to in the next month, Janu- 7, to last for 12 months) ; ii each of those years there has ;n a fight between the British )F officials, who wish to get the ce down a bit, and the Australian rritories officials, who have been e to show that, in comparison h the average of the world rket over the 12 months, the tish Department on its contract ce has enjoyed a distinct aditage. ’he fight was bitter in January, 3, when because the open market ce had fallen MOF wanted a full per cent, reduction; but finally sented to carry on at £65 (Stg., ) which was about equal to the idon cif price of £7B.

Tie battle was renewed in Janu- , 1954, when MOF resisted our land for a 10 per cent, increase, lough £65 Stg. fob now was irly £lO or £l2 under the open ■ket price. Finally, MOF allowed h per cent, rise, to £7O Stg., far began again in Jan. ’55. This e, MOF had a good case for return, and demanded the full per cent. fall. But, on the Deiber-January, 1953, figures (see ve) Australia resisted any ■e than a H per cent, reduction; it was hoped that the final e for 1955 (there probably will an official announcement in -February) would be similar to m all Territories. The price I to producers, after local adments in 1953, was (per ton at n ports): New Guinea, £7O Australian; Fiji, £66 Fijian; Samoa, £55 Stg.

Cocoa THERE has been some fall in recent months from the phenomenal prices paid for cocoa in world markets early in 1954; but the London quotation on January 21 still was £3BO Stg. fob for Western Samoan first grade, and this appeared to be in line with West African and West Indies rates.

These rates, in turn, control rates for the increasing New Guinea production —and the latter, after allowing for exchange differences, remain fairly close to the rates ruling late in 1954 (December, £502 Australian).

Rubber INCREASING recognition of a world shortage in visible supplies has resulted in active trading.

Best ribbed smoked sheet was quoted in London on January 21 at over 29d Stg. per lb, cif, and this in turn is being reflected in a substantial rise in the value of the Papuan product. It is not long since Papuan rubber was dragging wearily at well under 2/- lb; but present indications are that —for a while at any rate—the Papuan planters may receive up to 2/6 Australian per lb.

New Mining Interest in NG Highlands (From Our Own Correspondent) GOROKA, Jan. 30.

NATIVE miners washing for alluvial gold in the Kainantu area of the Eastern Highlands, employing the most primitive techniques, have stimulated the interest of European prospectors. During the 12 months ended June 30, 1954, over £12,000 was won by a small group of native miners.

Currently, a European group is interested in both gold and copper on the Ramu-Purari Divide, West of Kainantu.

A recent survey by New Guinea Goldfields Limited of Wau has been followed up by this company pegping for leases in January of this year.

Further to the West, in the Jimmi River area of the Western Highlands reports have been received of good alluvial gold having been won by prospectors.

In these days prospecting requires a lot of capital and unless a rich strike is made it is impossible to work gold economically in the Highlands where high air freight, added to normal labour costs, makes goldmining unattractive.

What is required is a practical survey by experienced miners assisted by a Government grant. 23 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—F E B R U A R Y , 1955

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Sixty Years in Over 130 friends and clients —including some who have been on the company’s books for nearly 40 years—will attend a dinner given by Nelson and Robertson Pty. Ltd. at the Pickwick Club, Sydney, on February 18, 1955. The function will mark the end of the first 60 years in the life of this substantial and highly respected Islands trading company.

BEGUN in 1895 as a ship chartering firm, it branched quickly into all avenues of shipping and island trading. The friendliness and high personal integrity of its founder, Mr. Ivan Nelson, won for the company the goodwill and high esteem of all those with whom he dealt.

To-day, the busy offices of Nelson and Robertson are still the first “port of call” for many Pacific Island residents making their periodic trips to Sydney.

Mr. Ivan Nelson was born in Sweden and arrived in Australia at the age of 17. He held several positions in Sydney including that of teller at the Bank of Sydney.

Later, he joined the ship broking firm of Gibson and Co., where he gained his first experience in shipping.

At the age of 24, Nelson decided to start on his own. He formed a partnership with Mr. G. J. Robertson, whose knowledge of shipping was extensive and, with a total capital of £5O, they began to charter ships.

Their sailing vessels carried coal from Newcastle to Fiji and New Zealand; sugar to Vancouver; and NZ timber to Australian ports. They started Islands trading about 1905.

Records show that the company’s first clients in the South Pacific Territories were Mr. J. O. Mouton and Captain J. M. Rondahl, both of New Guinea. Nelson had earlier met Captain Rondahl in Samoa and had induced him to begin a copra plantation in New Guinea, then a German territory.

An inveterate traveller, Nelson ranged all over the Pacific, from Tonga, Samoa and Fiji in the east, to New Guinea and Papua in the west, extending the firm’s business in every direction —buying, selling and shipping Islands produce. By 1910, Nelson and Robertson either owned or had interests in over 30 sailing vessels.

The highly profitable cocoa industry in present-day Western Samoa owes its beginning to the early 19th Century pioneering efforts of Ivan Nelson. He also helped establish the pineapple trade there. The first shipment of Samoan pineapples arrived in London on one of the company’s ships about the end of the World War I—long before the Hawaiian industry came to the world’s attention.

It was during his early Samoan ventures that Nelson became assodated with A. Nelson and Son, 1; to become O. F. Nelson and Ltd., of Apia—an association wt has lasted for nearly 50 ye Nelson and Robertson also gaii and has retained, Australian rej sentation for Steamships Trao Co. of Papua. A well-known L don firm, Eggar, Forrester Verner Ltd., has been the compa: London agent since Nelson Robertson joined forces in 1895.

Nelson’s policy of travelling wii and constantly—a policy still ployed by the firm—established him innumerable connections the copra trade. During World T I the company made its own si monts to Denmark. In 1918, Ne; was appointed agent in Sydney the influential HSAG and other German firms until their expra ated properties were sold. Du:, this time he handled all buying; shipments totalling sometimes • £30,000.

The company acquired, in I from W. Lowrie, the so-ca Rabaul Hotel —a two-roomed sh with negligible amenities. Ur the company’s management fl 1916 till 1942, it prospered and g to an establishment with accomi dation for 65 guests. With the u anese invasion and subseqi allied bombing, the hotel was oT< erated and, in 1945, the comp did not build again. They reces compensation for war damage in 1953 built their own office om hotel site. An office was establis in Brisbane in 1952. (Continued on Page 137) Mr. Ivan Nelson, the founder of the [?] 24 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH II

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First Islands voyage will be to 'anning, Washington, and Christmas ia Rabaul and Tarawa. Timber ill probably be taken from Rabaul, id labour will be carried from the ilberts to the Line Islands with her repatriated labour on the reirn run.

It is probable that about Sepmber, Tulagi will relieve Malaita i the Solomons service, though no rm plans are yet available as to le rearrangement of the Islands rvice following the arrival of the ;w vessel. Tulagi will be somelat smaller than BP’s Malekula.

Anderson-Bramble Wedding [?]ie marriage of Miss Elizabeth Bramble, Newcastle, to Mr. David Anderson, [?]ol Officer, of Goilala, Papua, was cele- [?]ed at St. Andrews Church of England, [?]field, Newcastle, on December 16. few days before his marriage, Mr. [?]erson completed the 3-years ASOPA [?]se in Sydney. The young couple left the Territory by sea in early January.

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CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-FEBRUARY, 1955

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Territories Talk-Talk

By Tolala A Happy Meeting It was at a cocktail party at Ingleburn (NSW) and my hostess said: “Meet Mr. Pope. He’s from the Islands, too.” I shook hands with H B. Pope, one-time Commissioner of the British Phosphate Commission on Nauru, a pioneer and one who has made history.

And, as we sipped our sherries, we travelled back to the time when he started out on a recruiting trip in TNG in 1921, with official approval to obtain labourers for the Phosphate Commission. He left Madang in the old Exproboard’s schooner, Wunatali, with Skipper MacPherson, bound for Morobe and, as a passenger, ex-Policemaster Jack Nettleton, setting out on the first leg of his trip to the then littleknown goldfields wl\ere Jack was to strike it rich.

Many were the names of the oldtime personalities he mentioned: The German official Warnecke, who was on Nauru for a while and later, after his return to Rabaul, met a tragic death; there was Steve Whiteman (“the best-dressed man in the Pacific”) and his charming wife, Eileen—both noted for their wonderful hospitality; Wilder Nelligan, the genial DO at Talasea; Linehan, the Morobe DO, and Capt.

Wright, the dapper Government Secretary; Willy Dupain and wife Muriel, who treated him so royally when he visited Rabaul in 1921; and W. H. Lucas, whose office was near his own in the Prime Minister’s Department when they were both Technical Advisers to Billy Hughes on Nauru and New Guinea respectively.

HB has made several trips back to NG since War II and is due for another round trip in a few months —a pleasant break from the rural atmosphere of Ingleburn.

Old-Timers’

Stakes Readers may remember some time ago I made reference to the B4’s with longest residence in NG.

I omitted mention of Jack Allen, of Gilalum plantation (in tj Kokopo area) who first saw NG 1917 with an AN & MEF, i whom I well remember as C Wireless at Kieta, in 1921.

Jack has been a constant resid throughout the years and, dui War 11, was attached to the A Incidentally, he was one of the o timers I met up with immedia after my release from the Japs 1945. He is still very much a wc ing unit on Gilalum. He took c as O/C AWA, at Rabaul, w; Jimmy Twycross left.

I saw him the other day in S ney and, like most Islanders, he retained his youthful appearanc; have often wondered how it is t Europeans, who have lived mi years in the tropics, appear so well preserved—desthe vicissitudes of tropic life.

PS Staff Shortage in PNG Some naive person, with a se of humour and an appreciation the fitness of things, could comp a good parody on the “House T Jack Built,” using the Territo housing shortage as a basis. Read various statements by Govermr 26 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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Offices in ail Capital Cities, Newcastle and Launceston. iflQcials it would seem that: • Allocation of land to settlers is lelayed owing to staff shortages. • Staff shortages are due to carcity of housing accommodation: nd • Housing shortage is due to the hortage of tradesmen.

Now, where do we go from there? few Guinea —A Springloard And speaking of houses and the eed for them recalls the death ist month of W. G. Pooley, who as a State-wide identity in NSW i connection with house-building, »ing Secretary of the Building acieties Assn, for many years. WG as in Rabaul during the early *ars of Civil Administration. I ave an idea he was a Police or ative Affairs Dept, official; anyay, both he and his attractive wife ere very popular. A pity he did not ave some of his house-building eas behind him in NG.

Come to think of it, NG has been ie spring-board for a few folk who allied there awhile before going i to make their mark in various ;lds of world activities. Without ling into a brown study, the names tiich occur to me are those of Iwin McCarthy, OC of the Knights the Green Ink (auditors, to you) Rabaul in the early ’2o’s, who came an expert on international mmerce and is now Deputy High mimissioner for Australia in Lonm (now on leave in Australia); n Grabowski, No. 1 with Guinea rways at one time, an expert on avy aerial freighting and the Lginator of the Air-Beef in Ausilia; Raphael Cilento, knighted in 35, one-time Director of Public salth in T-NG and afterwards rector of Refugees and DP’s for TO; Ted Knox, ex-Director of iblic Works, TNG, and now rector of Works in NSW; J. T. oner, Finance Member of the Exoboard in Rabaul, 1922-25, who came Commonwealth Public Ser- :e Commissioner and retired a iiple of years ago. [ should say NG is a good class- -3m in the School of Experience, know of no better place to test e’s initiative or learn the value the Golden Rule.

Every Eleven Years Once again we have a doublenumber year in 1955 and the possibility of recurring numbers in dates. ... I was signing a chit in the New Guinea Club, Rabaul, and when I had scribbled the date, 22/2/22, I turned to Bob Croft, an accountant with the Exproboard at the time, and remarked: “I wonder where we’ll be on 3/3/33.” “God knows,” he replied. And we decided to try and remember the date and get in touch with each other.

Believe it or not, on that date I was walking up Martin Place, on leave in Sydney, when I met Bob Croft, then in business in Sydney.

He recalled the incident of eleven years before. I had forgotten it.

Such a coincidence naturally called for a celebration, which is permissible every eleven years.

On 4/4/44 there was no signing of chits nor celebrations for me.

I was in a hill-side air-raid shelter near the Quarry, in Rabaul, off the Malaguna Road, surrounded by sword-happy Japs, and Allied bombers dropping eggs all over the place.

It was about this time that Albert Evensen, Bill Korn and others disappeared.

And on 5/5/55, Quien Sabe? All I know is it will commemorate my landing in Rabaul 44 years before.

Nippon’s War Dead The mu c h-discussed Japanese War Graves Mission arrived in P-NG this month in the Taisei Maru; Taisei appropriately meaning the Occident in the Flowery Language. There will, no doubt, be much ceremonial display, for the Jap pays great respect to his own dead—as I witnessed in Rabaul, up to a time in 1944, after which the little, white wooden boxes, containing the ashes of dead warriors, were no longer sent back to Japan, for very obvious reasons.

For days prior to the sailing of a vessel carrying these ashes, the little boxes were placed in a special shrine, and one such was erected near the old House Paper of Colyer.

Watson, in Mango Avenue, before which a long line of Nipponese passed, stopping to make their obeisances and then went their way.

When the boxes were being transferred to the ship, the bearer of [?]mongst those who [?]v South from Port [?]resby In January [?]re (left to right): Alec May and [?]ghter Penny; and [?]s. Doris Booth, C, of Wau, who [?]s on her way to Pan Pacific men’s Conference Manila. She will [?]resent P-NG men.

Photo: Papuan nts. 27 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—P E B R u A R Y . 1955

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H 857 iach wore white gloves, with a rtiite cloth sling suspended from is shoulders passing round the box.

After sea communication ceased 4th the Flowery Kingdom, many ere buried in and around Rabaul; nd there was one occasion, I rememer when some hundreds were sup- Dsed to have been trapped in a hillde shelter somewhere up in Diddylans, when it received a direct hit | the entrance. And there they ityed. The Japs fobbed it off isually—said the victims were only hpseri (Korean) workmen!

I can’t see any harm coming from ie present Mission’s visit, and I e no useful human purpose served r chanting hymns of hate.

Very often those who have sufleast from the ravages of ir are the most vocal in an enavour to prolong national hatreds.

DO Ewing is long enough in the oth to see that there are no cret conferences between the ission and old Jap native sympaisers. And as for charts and drographic information, it’s unds to a peanut that the Japs’ lowledge of P-NG waters is equal our own—and probably better. [t is not impossible that certain lividuals of our own skin colour » a greater security risk to P-NG an the Graves Mission and/or achers combined. ugging for g Business You know UNO?” queried Big 1 (who is a bit of a cynic and certain reasons must remain onymous). t nodded. Yes, I knew of UNO.

Bill continued: “It’s nothing but ramp for big business interests, eeding up civilisation amongst mitive people who don’t support ; big commercial enterprises. The •re civilised folk are, the more ;y buy things they don’t really nt; because when they become ilised, they are kidded into think - : they do want ’em. And that’s re business for the commercial erests.” didn’t argue with Bill. It’s never 7 good; but when I returned ne I turned up some statistics of sorts into T-NG, before and after r 11, of commodities in general d by the natives. This is what I nd (1939 imports are shown t, followed by those of 1953) : ’rade tobacco, 263,516 lbs; 444,012 ’extiles (lava-lavas, etc), £68,980; 7,165. ighting kerosene, 135,961 ,836 gals.

'rade goods, £2,536; £35,725.

Ud Bill might have something re, after all. e Race for -Heathenisation nd while I was thumbing through some of those official statistics, I was struck with the aptness of Bill Gill’s cartoon in November PIM (p. 11). No wonder the poor lad appears all tied up in a knot; for in T-NG alone there were 23 “religious missions” listed at June 30, 1953.

Not all different denominations, however. For instance, there are four types of Lutherans; five types of RC’s. The former sect claims 146,400 adherents, while the latter shows 215,750.

Total adherents of all denominations are shown as 438,750. In 1939, adherents numbered 319,022 and there were only 11 “religious missions.”

Reminds me of the remark made by a popular RC missionary, working up in the Sepik area, some years ago. “But how many real converts have you, Father?” he was asked, when the matter of mission adherents came up for discussion.

“Well,” he paused a moment. “I’ve been here sixteen years now. I have hopes.”

Up to the present the process of de-heathenising the indigent has been carried out by Christian missions—not, without occasional evidence of sectarian bitterness. One wonders what would happen if followers of the Prophet Mahomet entered the arena, via West New Guinea. The Trusteeship Agreement gives freedom of worhsip and freedom of religious teaching.

Hurricane Season RAROTONGA, TOO,

Has Near-Miss

A TROPICAL storm developed over the Lower Cook Group during the week-end of January 8-9, moving over Mauke and just south of Rarotonga. The pressure at the storm’s centre was 987 millibars (29.00”) but in spite of this low pressure, which almost equalled that of the active hurricane then moving away from Fiji, the storm was described as “moderate.”

If, however, the low pressure area had developed rapidly instead of slowly and steadily; and if the storm’s path had moved a little more to the north, the Lower Group Islands would have experienced a hurricane.

Heavy seas developed around Rarotonga, swinging the bows of the reef trapped Rannah several degrees to the south, and snapping off the damaged rudder.

Rarotonga received 3.32 inches of rain in 13 hours, and Puka-Puka was swamped under 11.07 inches, which fell in 24 hours. There were also unusually heavy seas at Puka Puka, which reached the highest water marks, and caused the villagers of Yato to transport their canoes and portable property to the more sheltered site of Roto settlement. 29

C I F I C Islands Monthly February, 1955

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GFO Box 3838, Sydney. 255 a George Street, Sydney, Australia P-NG Scheme to Aid Settlers THE Administration of Papua- New Guinea is at work on a scheme (which is “expected to emerge shortly”) whereby financial assistance will be given to settlers starting out in primary production.

Those who get assistance will be “deserving cases.”

This meagre information was contained in a letter from the P-NG Government Secretary to the Central District Advisory Council in January.

Just how long this particular butterfly will take to “emerge” from its Administration chrysalis, is anyone’s guess, but if it takes as long as the allocation of land, present P-NG residents would do well to enter their sons’ names for the benefits to come.

There is no indication, in the report we have received, just what one must do to be considered a “deserving case.”

No doubt many settlers would be glad of financial aid —if there are not too many strings tied to it. But most of these people, so far, have asked nothing from the Administration but freedom to take up a piece of land and to get ahead with the job. And a great many of them have been unable to do even that.

A new Australian company, among whose directors are well known identities Chips Rafferty and Lee Robinson, will shortly start to make a full-length film in New Guinea.

The company, South International (Production and Distribution) Ltd., has a capital of £120,000 which, the directors hope, will enable them make pictures continuously inst of having to wait for the profits one to finance the next. Raffer first film (“The Phantom Stc man”) cost £lO,OOO, and his la (“King of the Coral Sea”) was m for £25,000. 30 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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INSURANCE Including Fire Accident Guarantee Motor Workers Marine Island Representatives: PORT MORESBY . . E. A. James RABAUL O. B. Black LAE . New Guinea Industries Ltd.

MADANG R. Macgregor MANUS . . Edgell & Whlteley Ltd.

HONIARA. 8.5.1. P. . P. V. Lawson SUVA . Williams & Gosling Ltd.

NOUMEA Y. Mortensen NORFOLK ISLAND . A. E. Martin J&ep djour (P s-ftandy

By Using The

c * iCTJ TILL

It Offers Protection

Lor Vour Money And

A Record Of Vour

SALTS 16'17'6 „ WCPENFOLDiCoRrI.o n

Wp As Pitt Street Sydney »P

1,30 £ StaHamto

[?]Sw Coal Will Not

[?]E NEEDED N. Caledonia’s New Hydro Project IHE French Metropolitan Gov- , ernment has called for tenders for the construction of a dam i the Yate river (Southern NO, >se to the existing dam.

This will greatly increase the outit of the Yate hydro-electric ition and will enable the nickel lelters at Noumea to smelt ore tirely by electrical means.

At the present time Yate provides ly a small part of the smelters’ eds with the result that imported al and coke has to be used, rhe construction of this dam will ab’e New Caledonian nickel to ind on it’s own without subsidy the world market. The dam is cost about 8 milliards of francs d big construction firms in France i sending out engineers to survey iditions before making bids. (Ed. Note: If the new hydro leme does supply all the nickel .elters’ power requirements, then istralia will lose her trade in coal d coke—and with that loss 3bably will go any chance of Ausilia developing New Caledonia’s ge unworked iron deposits. It s been suggested for years that would be a simple matter for the ips that carry coal from New- >tle, NSW, to New Caledonia to skload iron ore for Newcastle elters). rhe Fiji RSPCA has appointed . B. R. Cook, B.V.Sc. (Sydney) veterinary officer at their Walu y, Suva, clinic. Mr. Cook, who 3 arrived in Suva, will travel to •ious parts of the Colony in the irse of his duties.

Popular Official for [?]rd Term Director of Educaon in Western amoa, Mr. K. R. [?]ambie with Mrs. ambie and daughters ae and Ann. The mily spent Xmas [?], NZ on furlough, [?]r. Lambie is re- [?]ming to Samoa [?]r his third term of [?]ree years; he then due for retire- [?]ent. He has been [?]och praised for [?]s work, and, under [?]s guidance, eduea- [?]mal progress in the [?]rritory has been scribed as “almost [?]believable!”

Photo by R. F. [?]nkin 31 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

out rodents with aluminium rat guards sr pi SALES AGENTS: sseiis^jssaf osoll - mccabe * c °- ltd - we,iin^n - Suva 'Fnf* 6 ' 0 Sam ° a and T ° nga: MORR,S HEDSTROM LIMITED.

Now is the time to prot< your coconut trees by inst ling 2S Aluminium Rat Guar< These Aluminium Strips can be plac around trees at convenient heights from t ground to prevent attacks on coconuts by rats.

These guards are easy to install, do not involve much cost or labot are a deterrent to the rat population and can save valuable cocon crops from destruction.

Further details about Aluminium Rat Guards can be obtained fro our Agents; mmmm lorn mi (Incorporated in Canada) Principal British Commonwealth Distributor of Aluminium Ocean House, 34 Martin Place, Sydney, N.S.W.

An ALUMINIUM LIMITED Company Cook Islands: A. B. DONALD LTD., Raratonga, Cook Islan w French Oceania: ETABLISSEMENTS DONALD TAHITI. Papee Tahiti.

New Caledonia and New Hebrides: ASENCE ALMA. Noum New Caledonia.

Territory of Papua—New Guinea—BUßNS PHILP (NEW GUINEA) LIMITED. Port Moresby.

London • Mon Treal • Calcutta • Sydney • Karach

32 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Planters! Traders! Manufacturers!

Low-Priced Permanent Fire Proof

Prefabricated Steel Buildings

Complete and ready to erect CTORIES From 20 ft. to 100 ft. in span, by any length; Eaves Heights from 10 ft. to 20 -ft.

We will supply Frame only, and Frame and Roof sheeted only, or y Sheeted in Galvanised Corrugated Iron, or other specified

Immediate Delivery

unskilled tabour** ?acific conditions * Can be quickly erected by Easy to transport. Fire Proof and permanent.

For Further Details Write or Cable

Australasian Sales Corporation

P.O. BOX 499, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND.

Cable Address: “AUSALES, Auckland”

LTD.

Tahiti Boxers in Western Samoa Cook Islands Have a Newspaper ' the 16-page first issue of the Cook Islands Review is a fair sample of what is to appear each nth from the office of the Govment printery in Rarotonga, the pie in the Cook Islands should future have no excuse for not iwing of the activities of the Adlistration.

The paper is published in English and Maori. Advertising space is offered at 5/- per column inch. The paper sells at 6d. fl Mr. R. A. Hewlett, Secretary of Fiji Visitors’ Bureau; Mr. C. A.

Adams, of the Bureau’s Board; Mrs. C. H. Hunt, of Hunt’s Travel Agency, and Mr. A. A. R. Tyrell, of the Bank of New South Wales travel department, were representing Fiji travel interests at a Pacific Area Travel Association meeting at Chateau Tongariro, NZ, in February.

H Mr. C. A. Adams, formerly Mayor of Lautoka, recently returned to Fiji from an extended holiday overseas.

His tour covered Eastern Canada and much of the United States and West Indies. He made a special study of the tourist industry in Florida and the West Indies.

Photographs taken recently in Apia, [?]stern Samoa, when Mr. Gustav Spitz [?]w a team of Tahiti boxers to Apia to [?]t hat Territory’s best. The photos [?]w (left to right): Ceko of Samoa boring in on Charlie Cowan, undefeated heavyweight champion of French Oceania. Cowan won by a TKO in the fourth round.

Santiao of Tahiti taking unorthodox evasion action from a right swing by Nile Kronfeld, middleweight champion of Western Samoa. Kronfeld won on points.

Mr. Eugene Paul, Apia promoter greets Mr. Spitz at the ringside in Tivoli Theatre, Apia, before the start of the Tahiti v.

Western Samoa fights.

Photos: R. P. Rankin.

C I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY_F E B R U A R Y , 1955

Fes.

Russian chrome . 12,250 Rhodesian . 12,600 Turkish and Iranian . . 14,000 New Caledonian . 15,050 WYT-RAY Electric WELDI for 32 Volt Battery operatior This Unit in conjunction with the average lighting plant will really modernise your worl Repair or make any mechanical equipment. Sta electrodes used 16-8 Capacity 5-155 amps, mild and alloy steels, surfaces metal, cast bronze, etc., from she I*4" thickness; will als metal. Complete witt accessories. £39/10/- Box assorted Electrodes feet: £l4/15/-.

F. 0.8. Melb.

IVAN F. STEBBINS 623 Collins Street, Melboi Victoria AMETCO (D. M. KAMERLING, Manager.) 2-12 Carrington St., Sydney.

Telephone: BX 3695 WE ARE (AUST.) PTY. LTD.

Cables: Ametco, Sydney Codes: ACME

Manufacturers' Representatives

and sell only those lines for which we have the sole agency in the South Pacific, such as:

Flour/Sharps/Wheatmeal

CANNED FISH (Dutch, Sth. African) WALLACE’S SCOTCH WHISKY (Bottled in Scotland) BEERS

Lexington Cigarettes

TEA ETC., ETC.

Structural Steel

Castiron Pipes

Asbestos Cement Pipes

WIRENETTING

Fencing Wire

Galvanised Corrugated Iron

Corrugated Aluminum Sheets

ETC., ETC. ★ Your enquiries, preferably through your Buying Agents in Australia. about general merchandise, building materials, technical and semi-technical articles will have our most careful and prompt attention.

Poor Prospects For

N. Cal. Chrome

Prom Our Own Correspondent A PESSIMIST view of the chrome market has been given by the French Minister for Industry and Commerce in answer to New Caledonian demands for assistance in marketing local ore.

He said that the physical structure of New Caledonian chrome is such that it is difficult to work and must be mixed with other chrome.

The chrome market is highly competitive, with outlets diminishing, and although the Local Assembly has made an effort by lowering the export tax, this has not sufficed to lower the cost price of the ore. The latest figures, per metric ton, are as follows: Russian chrome resembles the ore mined in New Caledonia. In the new French-Russia trade agreement, the final figures of chrome ore to be bought, was 15,000 tons instead of the 35,000 originally progosed. ! Up to now, only 5,000 tons ave been bought.

In 1955, France proposes to buy about 15,000 tons of ore in New Caledonia. The Minister concluded his report by stating that if during the year, the output of the French steel works increased then corresponding increased quantities of chrome ore will be purchased in NC.

The Royal Canadian cruiser Ontario paid its fifth visit to Suva in January, en route to Australia and New Zealand to take part in combined training exercises.

A stone from Westminster A donated by Mr. Juxon Bartc former Colonial Secretary in has been incorporated into the Holy Trinity Anglican Cathe Suva. The stone was unveiled special service conducted by Bishop in Polynesia on Januar and attended by the Governor Lady Garvey. 34 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTI

Gordon Vaii

- ■ a

Day - Old Chicks

February to December FROM BLOOD TESTED STOCK.

Rhode Island Reds Auslralorps ■ White Leghorns.

PULLETS MIXED (PULLETS and COCKERELS) .. ..

COCKERELS .. . 50 £7/15/- £4/5/- £3/0/0 100 £l5 £8 £5 TERMS.—S/- in AIR FREIGHT EXTRA. (100 Chicks—l 4 lbs.) £ Deposit and Balance 10 days before despatch or full amount with order.

Prices subject to alteration on variations in cost of production.

All consignments are accompanied by a Government Certificate of Health.

Special hatchings of Chickens for overseas are arranged to time with departure of planes to ensure the shortest time of the Chick from the Incubator to the Customer.

Gordon Vale Stud Farm & Hatcheri

Epping Rood, North Ryde, Sydney, N.S.W., Australia Phone: Ryde 30.

BANKERS. Commonwealth Trading Bank of Australia. Epping, N.S.W.

Current News Items From Our Correspondents In Papua-New Guinea

I Dearer And Scarcer

ELECTRICITY Despite Territory-wide complaints, icreased electricity charges began grating in the main centres of apua-New Guinea on January 17.

The new charges give a better ;al to large-scale consumers, but le small householder will have to ly more. Under the new sliding ale, the first units are the dearest, lich means the more the house- >lder attempts to cut down on s power, the harder he will be t.

He will, therefore, probably try to e all the power he wants, in the pe that the general average cost 11 work out to his advantage, and is is not good for Territory towns’ idequate electricity generating int.

Port Moresby Council recently nplained that nothing was being ne to avoid future blackouts, and it rationing could be expected fore the Rouna hydro-scheme bei operating. The Lae Town Advisory Council complained in January that one of the three power units ordered from Britain for Lae’s new power house had been diverted to Rabaul, thus giving Rabaul four plants and Lae two.

The Council asked for the return of its third plant.

Meanwhile Rabaul has been complaining for years about its lack of power, as it is forced to make use of old Japanese power plants. Restrictions in Rabaul are undoubtedly severe, with no electric stoves being installed because the power house cannot take the load.

The Rouna hydro-scheme which is to supply Moresby, is striking trouble, too.

In January, two engineers arrived at Port Moresby from Melbourne to inspect the power-house, which is being threatened by a possible landslip from the hill above it. Cracks appeared in the hill some time ago, and have got worse.

In late January it was decided that the site of the power house for the Rouna hydro-electric scheme would have to be moved. Tests are now going on to find a more suitable site than the one already prepared. (Over) ro the Peon otherwise Mr. Wes first prize at the New ea Club s New Year Ball in Rabaul. 35 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

For Every Household Wash Job

KWIT the modern, economical detergent makes water wetter.

Even the hardest water is softened by KWIT. for perfect washing.

Whether you use KWIT Powder or Liquid the result is sparkling cleanliness. It washes dishes, clothes, floors, tiles, mirrors and paintwork much cleaner and treats hands kindly! 9.

Sts.

O o>. c O □ n K*‘t nde/ SOFTENS WATER your hands o TO Kw/t rr&kss *ister setter 1 0 fW/tf/AV gO ¥ 0 Safe for Jg invest Dis^ 'thorf fabncs i vi dry so* iowell'cy o' *o* ,\o* v O Lasts times toriQzr ■ Ueliminates Y ol soap Washes cleaner than any Soap POWDER for Clothes, Dishes and all General Cleaning jobs about the house.

Kwit LIQUID for DETERGENT Dishes, Glassware, Woollens, Silks. KWIT leaves no soap scum.

Sole Selling Agent for South Pacific: — AMETCO (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. 2-12 Carrington Street Sydney 36 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONT

QUEENSLAND INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated 1886 in Australia) Assets Exceed £9,000,000 Head Office:

Queensland Insurance

BUILDING, 80-82 PITT STREET, SYDNEY.

Specialists in South Sea Fire.

Marine & Accident Insurances Apply to:— FlJl.—Branch Office: J. P. Drury, Manager.

Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

VlLA.—Bums Philp (N.H.) Ltd.

Comptoirs Francals Des Nouvelles Hebrides.

NOUMEA.—L. & W. Johnston.

NEW GUlNEA.—Manager of the Territory of Papua and New Guinea, W, A. Anderson.

Port Moresby—Samarai—Lae

—MADANG—KAVIENG—RABAUL.

Bums Philp (New Guinea) Ltd.

PAGO PAGO Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

G. H. C. Reid & Co.

Other South Sea Islands

Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.

Also to any of the Company’s Offices in Australia or N.Z. m n 9 ♦

Air Cooled Diesel Engines

Precision Built By

Armstrong Siddeley

Coventry, England

6/8 H.P. 14/20 H.P. 22 H.P. • Compact Design. • Pressure Lubrication. • Easy Installation. • Cold Starting. • Low Fuel Consumption. • Low Weight.

Ideal for Pumping, Lighting, Spraying, Rice Mills, Auxiliaries.

PRICES: 6/8 H.P., £204; 14/20 H.P., £339; 22 H.P., £356, Australian, c.i.f. Pacific Islands Port.

Also available D.C. & A.C. Generating Plants from 32 to 415 Volts; Manual, Electric or Automatic Starting.

PROMPT DELIVERY.

Pacific Agents'.

VENTURA TRADING Co. Pty. Ltd. 26 BRIDGE STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W, Cables: “VENTURA” Sydney. :l searchers back from SEPIK [embers of Enterprise of New nea Gold and Petroleum No bility oil survey team returned from a survey of the company’s permit area in the Sepik at the beginning of January.

They had been away three months, in an area up towards the Dutch border. The wet season GOLDEN CATTLE.—Mr. lan Louden of Eilogo Rubber Estate, Sogeri (outside resby), recently imported 21 head of Aberdeen Angus cattle from Queensland They [?]e flown into Moresby on a special charter flight by ANA’s Bristol freighter and [?]elled with the beasts to MOresby, said th Nth. Queensland. Mr. Gill, who [?]relied with the beasts to Moresby, said that they were worth £1,000; their air- [?]rter flight cost £1,500. Photo shows the 20 heifers and one bull being unloaded Moresby - Photo: Papuan Prints.

DIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY. 1955

New Company Formed in Rarotong; for Trading Throughout The Cook Islands

Agency Enquiries Welcomed

ALSO SAMPLES AND PRICES OF DRESS GOODS,

Sportswear, Fancy Goods, Sporting

EQUIPMENT, ETC.

Address Correspondence to: The Secretary, ISLAND MERCHANTS, Rarotonga, Cook Islands.

Best-Selling Novei

SWEET THURSDAY, by John Steinbeck—returning to his beloved Mor County, scene of Cannery Row, in a superbly amusing and exqui fashioned romance. This book will give a welcome new awareness of: Steinbeck occupies his pre-eminent position among living novelists, (post 9d).

THE CORNER STONE, by Zoe Oldenbourg. A remarkable new now medieval life, in which the three main characters are a father, son grandson. “Wonderful ... the best historical novel which has app since the war, and one of the best ever written.” (Sunday Times), (post lid).

THE HEALING OATH, by Andre Soubiran. In following the activities; young doctor in a small provincial town, this new novel gives an autß and realistic picture of the life of a country doctor that is reminisces the Bernanos classic, Diary of a Country Priest. He gradually conn realise the satisfaction of a life devoted to healing. 15/6 (post 9d).

BROTHER DEVIL, by Edward Holstius. A warmly dramatic novel in two themes are inextricably woven —desire and hatred: the desire oc author for the fascinating American married to a man whom he hated since his childhood. As he becomes involved in a passionate as that leads to a murder charge, the novel reaches a powerful cl 15/6 (post 9d).

For these, and all the books you want, write now to< arrived, winding up operations temporarily. The party expects to return to the Sepik about April.

Paratroops Who Did Not

JUMP Army authorities in Port Moresby in January were arranging for a surprise “parachute” raid on the town during the week-end of February 5-6.

The paratroops, members of the PNGVR, will “blow-up” several key points and then attempt to escape.

First news of their presence in the town will come through reports to the police that the key points have been blown up, and this will be the signal for troops of the Pacific Islands Regiment and the police to set about rounding the raiders up.

The public will be asked to help by reporting the presence of European troops wherever they see them.

Colonel R. K. Wilson, a Port Moresby surgeon and former wartime commando, will lead the PNGVR parachutists, who will actually arrive by jeep, although they may be allowed to escape in a real helicopter, through the courtesy of Bahamas Helicopters, based with APC at Port Moresby.

Moresby Flying-Squad

Six two-way radios were installed in police vehicles in Port Moresby during January. This will make the police force more mobile.

The sets are frequency-modulated, similar to types being used in two Australian States. The sets will operate through a base transmitter, remotely controlled, and set on the top of Burns Peak, overlooking Port Moresby.

French Movie Makers

Two French photographers a ciated with the French Museur Paris and with UNESCO, arr in Port Moresby in January c two months’ visit.

They will make films of prim native life in the Highlands, 38 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

NELSON AND ROBERTSON PTY. LTD.

Established 1895.

P.O. Box 5316, G.P.0., Sydney.

Address: 12 SPRING STREET, SYDNEY

Islands Merchants, Importers

And Exporters

Merchandise purchased for Clients from any part of. the World at best factory and wholesale prices.

Cocoa Beans, Coffee Beans, Trocas Shell and all Island produce sold on commission.

Representing throughout the Pacific Islands SKANDIA DIESEL ENGINES.

General Merchandise

E. WHITEAWAY & CO., England.

KUNST & ALBERS, Germany AGIMER & COMPANY, Italy.

INCOVER COMPANY, Italy.

CALVERT & COMPANY, Sweden.

KANEMATSU & CO,, Japan.

Archimedes Outboard

ENGINES.

Famous El Trust Shot

GUNS.

NANDR QUALITY PRODUCTS.

ASTER CANNED FISH.

For your New South Wales and Victorian Requirements: Communicate with our HEAD OFFICE. Cables: “Ivan”, Sydney.

F ° r Q ueensland Requirements: Communicate with our Brisbane 2®“* NELSON & ROBERTSON PTY. LTD., Stanley Street, SOUTH BRISBANE. Cables: “Ivan”, Brisbane.

New Guinea Representatives: RABAUL HOTEL & TRADING CO. LTD. Park Street, RABAUL. Cables: “Ivan”, Rabaul, films may be released through United Nations.

'he photographers are M. Pierre isseau and M. Toni Saulnier. M. sseau, who is a scientist as well photographer, has already been ioci a t e d with documentary ntific films in the Amazon, nch Congo and Guinea and has several successes in the interlonal film field.

A-U’S New Year Present

r au’s usual Christmas present is closing of the Wau-Labu road luse of washaways. i 1954, supplies had to be air- ?hted for several weeks; now in early January, the road washed away in three places r Gorakor Gorge. Works Decent officers predicted the road lei be closed at least two weeks. s f n , eant another airlift, with no taking part in it this year. 3 supphes were quite adequate; BUI9IO began storing all its plya shipments at the mill until the These gates are to be erected at the trance to Queen Elizabeth Park in [?]baul. New Guinea, and will be a [?]emorial to the New Guinea men who [?]t their lives during the Japanese war. [?]st of the gates and their erection is [?]ing met by the women ex-residents of [?]w Guinea who now live in Australia— [?]any of them the widows of men who [?]d in the Territory between 1942-45. [?]unds were collected by the New Guinea [?]men’s Club of Sydney on behalf of [?]men living in NSW; and by the New [?]inea Women’s Assn, of Melbourne on lalf of women in all other Australian [?]ites. Early in December the Melbourne lociation had approximately £260 and [?]ney, £l7O. More money has come in [?]ce.

At first it was intended to erect only centre pair of gates; but response has [?]n so good that the women will now able to erect the two smaller side es as well. Each leaf of the carriage es will be 6 ft, x 6 ft. he Royal cypher will be attached to filagree in the centre of each gate; I on one of the pillars there will be inscription. In association with these es, a Memorial Book will be compiled be kept in Rabaul library) and in it be inscribed the names of all the [?]ians who were lost during the war in [?] Guinea. 39 cIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

m r J. .. for that underwater job C&5 or underwater pleasure...

Divers everywhere acclaim ‘PORPOISE 1 breathing equipment “SAFEST OF ALL” •Jl

|Compressed Air)

Divinc Equipment

SINGLE BOTTLE UNIT CAI. (on illustration) specially designed for the professional diver and underwater sportsman, This versatile, entirely automatic unit has many “exclusive” safety features for complete operating comfort to great depths. 2 BOTTLE UNIT CA2—for longer periods underwater —exclusive canvas jacket with inbuilt bouyancy . . large detachable pocket for tools etc.— quick release safety clips —designed for comfort and free movement underwater!

Yes! from all parts of the world, letters come dailypraising the simple efficiency and safety features c “Porpoise” equipment. Little wonder years of concent rated research and testing under extreme condition! were needed to produce this “Safest of all” underwatei breathing equipment.

C&2 <?IP “Worth its weight in gold”for underwater recover); general underwater repairs, and investigations.

Chosen by discerning underwater sportsmen for its simpi efficiency and safety.

Used exclusively by skin divers in their record dive t) 200'in Sydney Harbour, March 1954.

Used by Australian Government departments and arme services.

Attractively priced to suit all.

HOOKAH UNlT—“Boat-to-diver” breathing apparatus. Rapidly proving its value in the pearl and trochus shell industries. Comprised the “Porpoise Demand Valve” light weight harness and f" outside diam. hose. Up to eight divers can be attached to a varying range of compressors with this equipment.

POST W.M.I

R. Wallace Mitchell

305 Collins Street, Melbourne

This Coupon

HIGH PRESSURE COMPRESSOR—2 models water lubricated to prevent contamination of air, delivers pure air up to 3000 P.S.I. We design to your requirements. 7 Dear Sir, Please forward without obligation illustrated brochure describing equipment as ticked below.

Sole Distributors: R. WALLACE

305 Collins Street, Melbourne, Australia

Mitchell Ltd

Single Bottle Unit CAI Q Two Bottle Unit CA2 P . | | Air Compressor . . . Q Hookah Unit NAME.

ADDRESS- 40 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTI

The Pacific Islands Society (Founded 1937) Visitors from the Pacific Islands to Sydney, or persons Interested in Islands affairs, are Invited to communicate with the Honorary Secretary of the above Society which was formed to constitute a social and cultural centre for those Interested In the Pacific Islands.

Regular meetings and social gatherings, with lectures, are held at the Feminist Club Rooms, 7th Floor, 77 King St..

Sydney, on the fourth Thursday of each month, at 8 p.m.

Address for correspondence:— THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box 2434, G.P.0., Sydney. (The President may be contacted by telephone at XJ 3205.) mssm ■v W. J. BUSH & CO. (AUST.) PTY. LTD 59 Wentworth Avenue, Sydney Also at Melbourne. Brisbane.

Adelaide, Perth.

For oriel T~lam eJ ESSENCES COLOURS

Essential Oils

• CHEMICALS der direct, or from Distributing Agents for the South AMETCO 'AUST.) PTY. LTD., 2-12 Carrington Street, Sydney.

Lemonade reaming Soda Kola Raspberry Orange Lime Sarsaparilla Vanilla ig trucks could tart using the oad again.

The Markham liver bridge, the ew and importnt link at the ae end of the >ad, was officially jened by the Adlinistrator, Brig.

L M. Cleland, at ie end of Janary.

BROWNINGS Twenty-two atives were rented missing in ® canoes followg severe New ear storms in the jrt Moresby and ulf districts, but ter being miss- -11 a week, all but ie turned up.

Nineteen of the ttives were on a noe trip from ;rema to Manu anu village near sui, when they were struck by the irm. They had a load of sago ich they had received during the ditional ceremony of Heri, which one of native exchange. Heri has icntly been revived in the area.

Cwo canoes went out from the [age, both specially equipped and ‘pared with magic. When only one returned, and Civil Aviation and Qantas aircraft had searched in vain for days, the people of Manu Manu blamed the loss of their menfolk on the neglect of some of the magical preparations.

But after a week, eighteen of the nineteen turned up again after the canoe had been swamped and they had struggled ashore far up the coast. One native had been drowned.

At the same time, below Port Moresby, in the Rigo district, two native men and a girl turned up on different beaches after they had been in the water for more than a day. Their canoe had been missing at the same time and had been blown for days down the coast.

Govt. Secretary Returns

The Government Secretary of Papua and New Guinea, Mr. S.

Lonergan, returned to Port Moresby on January 3 after seven months’ leave.

With his wife he travelled across the Pacific to America, from coast to coast by road, then on to Eng- Our photo shows members of the Junior Red Cross of Port Moresby distributing gift parcels at the Native Hospital, Ela Beach, Port Moresby, on December 30. The gifts were sent by The American Junior Red Cross.

Photo: Papuan Prints. 41

Ici F I C Islands Monthly-February. 195 5

PLAIN AND

Self Rais Inc

FLOUR, a*k u*c i#/ ESTABLISHED 1868 Agents for Fiji, Tonga and Samoa: C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD., Suva, DRY REPLY TO STORMY WEATHER DUNLOP

Waterproof Footwear

DUNLOP

Cowboy Boots

Dunlop Bootees

DUNLOP

Regulation Kneeboots

•. best on earth land aboard the Queen Mary.

ADMINISTRATOR More than three thousand enthusiastic natives took part in festivities during the visit of the Administrator, Brigadier Cleland, at Losuia, in the Trobriands in January.

They gave him and Mrs. Cleland a spectacular reception, one of the highlights being the gathering of hundreds of natives with flaming torches, who followed the party down to the pier at Losuia after lining the road for a memorable farewell. z The previous day, when the Administrator’s vessel, the Leander, left Kitava for Kiriwina, the party had an indication of the big reception in store for them as native canoes of all sizes sailed past the Leander towards the main island.

The canoes continued to go by for two hours.

In the Trobriands the Administrator visited many villages and met residents.

DEPARMENTAL REORGANISATION The change-over of work of some Administration departments in Papua New Guinea will not take place until the new financial year.

The changes were announced last November, and affect the Government Secretary’s Department (which will be known as the Department of Civil Affairs); the Treasury (which will shed some of its functions, such as the operation of stores and transport); and the Department of District Services (which will change its name to Department of Natives Affairs, without losing any of its functions).

The Assistant Administrator, Mr.

Rupert Wilson, said, after a visit!

Canberra in January, that changeover of the departure; would not be sudden, but a “gradl merging.”

JUST LIFT THE RECEIVER: Port Moresby took another step the direction of its automatic te phone system in January with changeover of telephones in Boroko area. 42 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHH

/14/ an ct! 9> ***** H % \ *.

Fight decay the best-tast]ng way with 02 a IP WD-9 is an active anti-enzyme and destroys bacteria in the mouth.

A Product Of Bristol-Myers

BMI3C-55 ’he old system or ringing a handle ten fruitlessly) has been replaced h a system of dial telephones ich contact the exchange merely having the receiver lifted. The Is will not begin to operate until automatic service is installed lie end of 1955, some time behind edule. [onedobu exchange changed over the new system last year.

Native Education At

GOROKA he first native central school in Central Highlands opened at 'oka at the end of January, he school was opened by the Director of Education, Mr. W.

Groves, who said it would be further developed as a focal point of native education in the Highlands, providing secondary courses and teachertraining.

Later, too, there are plans for a similar girls’ school, and land has been reserved nearby.

Well known Sydney artist, Miss Mary Edwards, arrived at Lae in January to begin a painting tour of New Guinea. She later went on to Minj in the Western Highlands, Miss Edwards has previously painted numerous portraits of Fijians.

Bishop Returns

The Roman Catholic Bishop of Papua, Bishop Sorin, returned to Port Moresby by air on January 21, after 12 months abroad. (Over) it left: Mr. Roy Greenham, of the [?]glo Iranian Oil Company, left Port [?]resby on transfer to East Africa on January 5. He has been fields resident logist of the Australasian Petroleum [?]pany at Port Moresby. Right, Mrs.

Washington who was farewelled by My friends before leaving on January 7, make a home South after 33 years [?]dence in the Territory. Mr. Washingrecently retired from the Department Lands after 32 years service. Mr. and [?]s. Washington were two of the oldest dents of Port Moresby. Mrs. Washing- [?]’s father, Mr. Simon, served as a [?]gistrate under Sir William MacGregor.

Photo: Papuan Prints. e[?]se two young people announced their [?]Element in Port Moresby on New [?]’s Eve. They are Miss Barbara Poile, the Public Service Commissioner’s [?]rtment. and Mr. Denis McLaughlin, [?]osts and Telegraph Department.

Photo: Papuan Prints.

CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

ICHOICE

With Technical Men

University test instruments are naturally first choice with servicemen, technicians and hobbyists. University equipment possesses lasting accuracy and service.

There is a large range of University test equipment, and you are invited to write for details of the range. (Above) MVA/2 Multimeter. Proven performance is the reason why the MVA/2 is chosen when a reliable, first-class AC/DC Multimeter is desired.

Measures up to 1,000 Volts AC and DC, up to 10 amperes DC, up to 1 megohm resistance and 4 ranges of output.

"■ (At left) ACM Multimeter. Readily portable, this smaller size AC/DC Multimeter is highly compact and efficient. It is designed especially for portable radio service work, and routine testing in other fields.

Reads AC and DC Volts, DC current and resistance.

O O o O o MAIL THIS COUPON TO;

University Graham Instruments Pty. Ltd

•Phone BU 3169.

Please forward me full details of NAME ADDRESS North York St., Sydil °o O. 44 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHU

fdfs he first* really portable lightweight, noiseless 16 m.m. sound projector THE O o

Cinevox Premier

Gives big projector quality with small projector convenience.

Newly designed in smart easy-to-operate style.

Packs into one case, weight only 36 lbs.

Maximum brilliance and clarity in the screen image are made possible through the high quality f/2 coated lens and 750 watt light source.

Exceptional fidelity of sound reproduction.

Noiseless, smooth and dependable operation— thanks to nylon gear transmission.

Amazingly simple film threading.

Operates direct from 240 V A.C. supply. No oiling required.

The Cinevox Premier will he distributed by all

Kodak Dealers Throughout The Islands

Kodak (Australasia) Pty. Ltd., Sydney He went to ranee in Janury, 1954, to under- ) an operation »r a spinal conition. The operaon was successful id the Bishop is able to start moving around me months before one would (Finally expect.

However, he spent the whole of 5 time in Europe recuperating.

Ps Institute

Ihe principal of the Public Ser- * Institute of Papua New Guinea, r. D. I. Glastonbury, visited Australia in January to complete arrangements for Administration officers to take University and technical courses through the Institute.

These courses will be done through the co-operation of various Australian educational bodies, and the scheme has a l ready drawn many inquiries about specialised courses.

Names—But No Signs

Hundreds of printed maps showing the town area of Port Moresby have been distributed to Port Moresby people, to help them to get to know the town’s street names.

It is the first plan of its type distributed, and it’s an asset.

But an even greater asset would be the installation of street signs in Port Moresby. They are noticeably absent.

Meanwhile, Madang is having its street-name troubles. Names were submitted but were not accepted by the District Commissioner; they will be discussed again. (Over) Miss Cynthia Smith of the Methodist Mission Nakanai, New Britain, was married in Rabaul. on January 17, to Mr Alex Floyd, Assistant Forest [?]otanist and Eco- [?]oglst of Lae. In the [?]icture, left to right, [?]re: Mr. Owen Smith; Miss Hazel Smith, he bride’s sister; [?]e groom and bride; Mr. V. Ready; and Miss Marjorie Floyd. he groom’s sister, Mr. B. M. Richardon. who gave the [?]ride away, is not [?] the picture.

Photo: C. H. Meen. 45 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY_F E B R U A R Y , 1955

G The shine that keeps leather > ALIVE Kiwi goes deep down into the pores. It softens and nourishes the leather . . . brings it back to life. Kiwi gives your shoes glow of health that makes them look better, helps make them last longer. All colors.

Kiwi Shoe Polish

The Polish others try to be “Just as good as”

Brown • Black • Ox Blood • Mahogany • Dark Tan • Light Tan • Tan • Blue • Red . Neutral V4B est "tSlfll OZS. H ETT s into the Bronte” tin!

Lamb Tongues

Sheeps Tongues

Braised Steak And Onion'

Boiled And Roast Beef

Beef Steak Pudding

Mutton And Peas

Steak And Onions

Chili Con Carne

Curried Mutton

Curried Beef

Irish Stew

Corned Beef

available in 12 oz. and 16 oz cans. Also—in 12 oz., 16 oz. am 6 lb. packs.

Products of Tho Colonial Wholesale Meat Co. Pty. Ltd.

Canning Factory: State Abattoirs, Homebush, Sydn* N.S.W., Australia.

Phone: UM 8436. Cables: Woolmill, Sydm

More School-Age

YOUNGSTERS European and Asian Primary in the Territory this year expect to , cater for a total enrolment of 1,040 pupils, with enrolments increasing m nearly every district.

In Port Moresby there is a new system of zoning, with new students attending the school nearest to then homes, although students already enrolled are not affected.

Here are the main enrolments in Papua New Guinea, showing the growth of many schools; Port Moresby schools, 252; Rabaul European, 95; Rabaul Asiatic, 160; Lae European, 102; Lae Asiatic, 41; Madang, 40; Wewak, 24; Kavieng, 60: Kerevat, 19; Lombrom, 48; Lorengau, 21; Bulolo, 91; Wau 45; Samar ai 24; Popondetta 8; Sogeri 12.

In addition, there are 201 students obtaining their education by correspondence.

NEW BREAD A new bread company began operating in Port Moresby in January.

It is a branch of the well-known firm, Sunshine, and it turns out a pre-cut and wrapped loaf, as well as some fancy breads. Port Moresby people receive it well.

Burns Philp NG Ltd. are the agents in Port Moresby.

Service Homes

The Assistant Director of the War Service Homes Division, Mr. E. J.

Slater, said in Port Moresby in January that there was unlikely to be any delay with finance for Territory home builders when the Division began operating in the Territory.

He was on a three weeks’ v: during which he planned to vestigate arrangements for setl up the service, which should opei later this year.

Maximum amount available any class of assistance will £2,750. 46 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

For LIGHTER, FLUFFIER OTHER FAMOUS FOUNTAIN PRODUCTS ★ ★ tict SlTc IgST Fo fU'Of 2 lbs £ A *£r VO 'iCs BREAKfAsr Itm( (Bfu Pomijr.f FOUNTAIN food prodacts are famous throughout the South Pacific for their consistent quality and suitability of packing for tropical conditions.

You are assured satisfaction when yon specify FOUNTAIN brand.

Trade inquiries are welcome and all orders are promptly des patched. fOUMTAIM FRUIT CHi» W. C. DOUGLASS LTD.

BOX 512 G.P.0.,

Sydney, Australia

FOLVrAIN to main m •JUICE , ' * ‘.O, pßes s € 0 w C*" i^l H t SAME DAY _

Para-Typhoid In Moresby

A number of cases of paraphoid “A” fever were notified in art Moresby in January. The news tused a run on the clinics for inctions of TAB. and for a week or jo most people were going about implaining of sore arms and hangers.

In the middle of January there >re four confined cases and about renty suspected cases, many of em children. Because of the unber of children, the Health Detriment began to look into the issibilities of the disease being me by special foods such as cakes ice cream.

During investigations it was found at there were some unsatisfactory pects about the manufacture of me local ice cream, but there was i suggestion that this or any other 1 cream was the cause of the idemic.

Dwyer-Balson Wedding

New Caledonian

NATIVES

On Local Juries

From Our Own Correspondent EACH year in Noumea, New Caledonia, a commission sits to choose 30 people eligible to form juries for the Assize sessions.

This year, in keeping with the policy of giving more responsibility to the native people, eight natives have been chosen. They include four High Chiefs. Two European women are also on the panel.

A mixed bag of cases has been announced for the first Assizes—a lot of It of the cherchez la femme type. There is a murder at Mare Island; a poisoning case from Northern NC in which a native woman, aided by her lover, poisoned her husband with weed killer; and an attempted murder of a young woman by her rejected lover.

II Posua Raitilava, of Bau, Fiji, celebrated his 70th birthday recently. During the past ten years, Raitilava has been technical instructor of Occupational Therapy at Tamavua Hospital. It was he who made the handsome model of a Fijian canoe which was presented to the Queen for Prince Charles.

Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Earl- Sydney, on January 8, Miss Pat [?]er was married to Mr. W. P. Balson are on the staff of Qantas Empire ays m Lae, New Guinea, and com- [?]d a Sydney wedding with leave. The [?]graph shows the bride and groom [?]t .o cut the cake during the reception [?]h was held at the bride’s home. 47 IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-F E B R U A R Y , 1955

If it’s Nestle’s it’s good . . . very Yes, always ask for—and make sure you get — Nestle’s products.

Remember, Nestle’s are makers of foods world-famou for taste . . . purity . . . and goodness. good! ■>c : NESTLE’S SWEETENED

Condensed Milk

Alwoys pure, always safe . . . the essential household milk.

MILO The fortified tonic food—a nourishing, invigorating drink.

IDEAL MILK dea lk Fresh milk concentrated—ideal wherever milk is required. m

Nestle’S Cream

Costs so little . . . tastes so nice ... on all your sweets NESCAFE The time-saving, money-savii way Vo make really deliciov NESTLE’S

Milk Chocolate

A favourite with everyone, everywhere—rich milk chocolate os only Nestle’s son make it.

RICORY Nestle's quick Coffee-ond- Chicory drink—delicious and economical.

LACTOGEN Next best to natural feeding for baby. s UNSHIftf *dered * SUNSHINE

Powdered Milk

Rich country milk with only the moisture extracted—a tin in your pantry means a constant supply of fresh milk.

NESTLE’S

Chicken Noodle Soui

Delicious chicken noodle sow with that “ home-cookedl flavour . . . ready in minutes.

You Can Always Depend On

NESTLE’S NC.t.FP 48 FEBRUARY, 1055 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!!

Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd.

COMMERCIAL ROAD, ROZELLE, SYDNEY.

Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . . PILES . . . POLES . . . SLEEPERS, Etc. , Exporting to the Pacific Islands Since 1893.

D I IT6v I J£L E Ng U o "9

[Ported From London, England

★ Because of the superb quality, drinks never taste thin with Gordon‘s Gin.

The secret of masterly distilling, maintained through the years, is the reason why to-day, as ever, Gordon’s Gin stands supreme. 6597 Air Tourism in South Pacific f appears from a recent survey, I that Sir Gordon Taylor will inch his Pacific air-tour programme s tourist season, but that there aid be more delays in South Pacific dines’ plans for their projected molulu-Tahiti service. sir Gordon Taylor—still better awn as Captain P. G. Taylor— le a progress report on his air- [ise plans in January. His Berida flying boat, which is underng certain modifications to com- ■ with Australian technical rerernents, has been named Frigate d 111, (Frigate Bird I was a balina in which the then Capa Taylor made a war-time sur- ’ flight from the US to Australia [ Clipperton, Bora Bora and er islands; and Frigate Bird II 5 another Catalina in which a urn survey flight was made to ith America via TEAL Coral ite ports, Mangareva, and Easter md). ir Gordon said that his present n is to make Summer flights n Tasmania to southern New land, up through New Zealand, and back to Sydney via Lord Howe Island; and Winter flights to various Island Groups. Passengers—up to 35 can be carried—w ill book from Sydney on a roundtrip basis. Main- Sir Gordon Taylor’s Bermuda flying-boat now being prepared for tourist flights to the Islands; and, below, South Pacific Airlines’ Solent VH-TOD, still lying at Rose Bay, Sydney, with motors and tailplane dismantled. 49 CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

Perfectly balanced

Baker’S Floor

specially milled for Pacific Islands requirements in our owr FLOUR MILLS. Combined capacity of over 3 million bushels ol wheat per annum at Albury and Murrumburrah (N.S.W.) Heritage Brand Warwick (Qld.) and Ballarat (Victoria) BUNGE (AUSTRALIA) PTY., 45 Market Street, LTD. SYDNEY.

Cable Address: “Bnnjeco, Sydney.”

C. Sullivan (Export) Pty. Ltd. 379 KENT STREET. SYDNEY. N.S.W. telegrams and Cables: “CHASULL,” Sydney. Telephone: BX 6381 (6 lines And at Melbourne, and Brisbane.

Associated Companies: C. SULLIVAN (Export) PTY. LTD., 66 Victoria St., London, S.W.I, England.

C. SULLIVAN (N.Z.) LTD., 22 Swanson St., Auckland, N.Z.

C. SULLIVAN (PACIFIC ISLANDS) LTD,, Suva, Fiji.

C- SULLIVAN INC., 230 California Street, San Francisco, U.S.A.

Over 30 Years Pacific Island Experience Expert Buying Service Original Invoices Furnished Overseas Indents Arrangec BEST PRICES FOR COPRA, COCOA, SHELLS AND GENERAL ISLAND PRODUCE tenance of the aircraft is in the hands of Ansett Airways. Passenger agents will be announced in due course.

It is expected that one flight will be made to New Zealand this Autumn. Island plans will be announced later,

South Pacific Airlines

From information received from Honolulu in January, earlier newspaper reports of South Pacific Airlines’ intention to commence its weekly Tahiti-Hawaii service in April appear unduly optimistic.

Most exhaustive tests of the Solent aircraft for an American CAA Type Certificate were then still proceeding. Failure to meet performance requirements in any of these many systematic tests could cause further delay. Meanwhile, it is believed that nothing will be done about providing the radio, fuelling, and possibly meteorological facilities on Christmas Island until it is quite certain that the Solent is going to qualify for certification.

Until then, too, the other Solent which has been up on the beach at Rose Bay, Sydney, for the past 18 months, is unlikely to be taken to Honolulu.

This Dollar-backed airline has as its President Mr. S. Van Burkleo, of Honolulu, with Captain Brian Monkton, of Sydney, as Vice-President and Operations Manager. It was through Captain Monkton’s influence that this airline was formed.

Exceptionally high tides, accentuated by the recent near-hurricane in south-eastern Viti Levu, recently caused flooding of low-lying parts of the road between Suva and Navua. Motorists returning to Suva from Navua and Deuba often to travel through water at floor-board level.

A member of the RNZAF static at Lauthala Bay, Fiji, was accidc ally electrocuted while carrying maintenance work on a radio trs mitter on January 19. He was .

G. W. A. Paltridge. 50 FEBRUARY, 19 5. 5 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

B MADE TO LAST In the tropics you need a paint that lasts ... a paint to give enduring protection against torrential rain and blistering sun. Make sure of that protection for your home or property by insisting on “Horse Shoe R.M* Paint... the paint that’s made to last.

Ask to see the wide range of attractive colours available In handy-sized tins or 5 gallon drums.

“Horse Shoe” Brand Products are distributed in Fiji by W. R. CARPENTER & CO., (FIJI) LTD.

PAINTS r S v Sole Manufacturers Thomas Macmtyre & Co., Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland To Papua-N. Guinea Pre-European History Of Samoa OTT-pvp o ft vpars aeo (1923) Dr.

VER 30 years ago Augustme Kraemer a German, able P took lSib?ng the life of Queen Salamasina who, in the 16th storv—some of it legend but most® of It tosld on facts gathered by the German doctor in l ong years of careful investigation.

This book was translated into EngiicV» "Rrnthpr Hermann in 1949; if did rmf appeal to any publisher it was reproduced by mimeograph, filling 81 typewritten pages of foolscap size. It is a work which should be in all reference libraries —especially those concerned with the history of the South Pacific Territories. Anyone interested can procure a copy by sending the sum of one US Dollar to Mr. Edward W. Johnson, PO Box 125, Pago Pago, American Samoa.

U Mr. and Mrs. George Allen returned to Pitcairn Island in December after a holiday in New Zealand. Mr. Allen is the Government Education Officer there.

If Mr. and Mrs. D. Prentice left Townsville for their home at Port Moresby early in Jannary. They had spent three months’ vacation in Queensland. [?]ivellers per Australia-New Guinea vessels from Sydney to New Guinea [?]anuary included: and Mrs. Peter R. Coote of Langu location. They were recently married [?]ydney. and Mrs. K. R. Williamson and Mr. Williamson is Assistant District [?]er, Rabanl. sistant District Officer K. Leen, Mrs. [?] and Kerry and Michele bound for [?]ri. Mr. Leen had been at the School [?]acific Administration, Sydney.

L. A. Willis of Steamships Trading and Mrs. Willis, and Mr. Colin Sefton, ager of Koitaki rubber plantation, all [?]d for Port Moresby. 51 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY. 1955

m * % % For better cooking • • • I* '-O' ■M > Depend on the steady even heat n * I m a® m / Australia’s finest i. kerosene f . .. . v All types of kerosene stoves, whether wick feed or pressure, operate better and give more satisfactory results when fuelled with Laurel Kerosene. The absence of smoke, soot and disagreeable odours is your assurance that foodstuffs, when served, retain their appetising savour—untainted. When ordering next time, don’t just say kerosene-Ask for LAUREL LSI 8 VACUUM 52 FEBRUARY. 1955-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHE

Specialising in Pacific Island Insurances.

Fire—Motor Vehicle—Marine

—HULLS AND CARGO- EMPLOYER’S LIABILITY.

BONDS —in accordance with Administration Ordinances —COPRA insured from drier to buyer—and all other classes arranged at lowest current rates.

Established Agencies throughout the Territory of Papua and New Guinea.

RABAUL, T.N.G.

Managing Agents: New Guinea Co., Ltd.

Island Representative: G. D. A. Kent, Rabaul Branch.

Suva, Fiji

Colony of Fiji Branch Office; W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji), Ltd., Bldg., Suva.

Branch Manager; R. w. Connolly.

Southern Pacific Insurance Co., Ltd.

Head Office: 60 Hunter St., Sydney.

SCHNEIDER XENAR 3.5 SYNCHROCOMPUR (’/soo) / h ASA m l\U m s kU 5 tu R Light Value Scale Self-Timer Large Focusing Knob Film Speed Reminder DIN/ _ \

Franke & Heidecke

Braunschweig Germany

Fiji’S Near-Miss Hurricane

Does Little Damage DIVERSION of the cruise liner Oronsay, and the loss to Suva business of an estimated <£lo,ooo or more as a result, seems to have been the principal damage suffered by Fiji ivhen a mid-January hurricane hesitated for a time to the north west of he Colony.

A RNZAF Sunderland aircraft, ■eturning from Noumea when the ilert was over, made an examinaion of the Yasawas where strongest rinds were experienced, but could bad little evidence of serious dam- ,ge. Only one island of that group las radio communication and news rould normally travel by small utter.

Oronsay, back in Sydney after coking in at Noumea instead of luva, reported that about 50 assengers had suffered bruises or ainor injuries as a result of the ad weather experienced near Fiji, lie more sensational element of ydney’s press was able to bully a bw into telling stories of having een lashed into their bunks and hairs, with the usual “terrifying” nbellishments.

Cook Islands News Notes THE NZ Civil Aviation Department’s radio-facilities calibration aircraft, on its quarterly visit, made several return passenger flights between Aitutaki and Rarotonga in December. Many people took advantage of the facilities offered. * * * Radio Rarotonga (on 5050 kc/s) made a number of pre-Christmas greetings broadcasts by people from outer islands to their relatives back at home. Hospital patients were included. The broadcasts were much appreciated in the Northern Group. ♦ * * The Tahiti chartered vessel “Tuamotu” repatriated a party of Mangaian labourers from the Makatea Island phosphate workings late in December, returning to Makatea with a new party. The labour was cleared via Rarotonga. * * * When "Charlotte Donald” departed from Rarotonga on her final Northern Group trip of the year before continuing on to her annual refit in Papeete, passengers aboard included Mr. Phillip Woonton. of Penrhyn, and Mr. Dan Ellis, of Manihiki, two of the North’s oldest residents. * * * Mr. Don Reid of Island Territories Department, and a former Official Secretary of the Cook Islands Administration, paid a brief visit to Rarotonga in December aboard the CAA aircraft, and was there welcomed by many friends. * * * As a result of a special dance organised at Avarua by Makea Nui Teremoana Ariki in December, her Makogai patients fund was swelled by £7O. fl Mrs. W. Snell, of Port Moresby, arrived at Surfers’ Paradise, Queensland, recently on vacation. 53

Acific Islands Monthly. - February, 1955

MILLERS LTD. mmmmm SUVA and LAUTOKA, FIJI.

Every Branch of Engineering and Buildin Construction Sawmillers and Timber Merchants; Shipwrights and Sailmakers; Joinery a Furniture Manufacturers; Upholsterers; Plumbers; Electricians; Hardw: Merchants; Motor Dealers.

Agencies: Chevrolet, Bedford, Vauxhall, Nash Motors, Land Rovers and Rover Ca Firestone Tyres. Frigidaire Refrigerators. G.E.C. Radio Sets. Priestm Excavators. British Australian Lead Manufacturers Pty. Ltd. Atlas Assurai Co. Ltd. 1 There Is no need to send to Australia or N Oiii || | || ||l Zealand for Repairs or Replacements. We c ( plve you a sound Quotation and gnaran First-Class Workmanship. § r & v n 4= “How do you like asked Bo Tom drained his glass slowly and appreciatively. “Nice drop of ruin. What is it?”

“Valiant.”

Tl’in. Plenty of character I’d say .

Don’t mind if I have another!” do To say that “Valiant” Rum has “character” is a pretty good way to describe this unusual rum.

Character, as you know, the result of a combination distinctive qualities. In this stance, it is the happy blendii of smoothness, richness a mellowness which causes many discriminating men say: “Valiant” is a rum wi character!

If you have not enjoy “Valiant” Rum as yet, the b time may be your next opp tunity. You’ll find th “Valiant” makes a very pleasant first impression indeed and improves on further acquaintance.

Valiant // PURE RUM Fully matured in the wood Letter to the Editor: Red Shell-Money of BSI 1 NOTICE that some of your correspondents have been enquiring for data on Pacific shell money.

All over the Pacific, among Europeans and natives, the most valued shell money was the red-shell strings made in the Island of Malaita, in the British Solomon Is.

Group. This may have been because of the scarcity of the shell from which the money was made so laboriously and painstakingly, by a few indigenes only, using primitive stone implements they fashioned for themselves.

The small shells were collected at low tide (fall under five feet) from the edges of shallows where thousands of various kinds of little, deserted shells were left by the wash of receding waves, just as ridges of shells are left on beaches in the temperate seas.

The shell itself is of an opaque, brownish-pink shade. It retains this colour when cut and strung on hand-made strings fashioned from fibre. These are so many fathoms long, each section separated from the next by a series of rings made from less valued shells; sometimes small cowries were pierced, or pieces of tortoise-shell and nuts. All these, though of interest to collectors, were of no money value but were worked into the strings at regular intervals, generally one fathom, for convenience in counting.

Several strings were generally worked into one long length. In pre-war days, a fathom was worth 10/-. But if the shell-money was of superior colour, fine and regular, the natives asked and generally obtained more for it.

I have seen natives collecting shells; also a single boy working in one of the walled villages of the Langa Langa Lagoon, which extends along the west coast of Malaita, from Bina on the south Auki on the north. These villag; are unique in possessing the famoi walled islands that they have bu. of necessity, from the materials hand.

Even then (nearly 40 years ag» the demand for Red money was dl creasing—the art of selecting t wherewithal and producing 11: finished article was giving place the easily manipulated sovereig Diwara and other shell money us< in NG and elsewhere; and dogs’, fig

Inquiries Are Invited

Concerning the Distribution and Sale of All Types of Merchandise in the Pacific Islands ★

We Are Australian Agents For—

MILLERS LTD., Fiji. 8.5.1. P. GOVERNMENT TRADE SCHEME, Honiara.

G. Cr E.I.C. WHOLESALE SOCIETY, Tarawa.

MAX HALECK, Pago Pago, American Samoa.

Original Invoices Supplied. Quotations on Request. ★

Morris Hedstrom Limited

(Incorporated in Fiji)

Island Merchants

Asbestos House, 65 York St., Sydney.

Box No. 2512, G.P.0., Sydney. Cable Address: "MORSTROM,” Sydney.

BANKERS: BANK OP NEW ZEALAND. SYDNEY. human and other teeth, are all quite unlike the unique, famous shellmoney of the Malaitan Langa Langa Lagoon, the makers of which were definitely boys from the islands.

Once a certain recruiting shipmaster attempted to make money by foisting faked Red-money on some Malaitans. To his chagrin, the fraud was discovered immediately.

He became a joke to his confreres and a suspect to the natives. He was one who failed to make good in the Group.- L. POOLE.

The 7-man crew of a US Navy flying boat which was lost in the sea between Kwajalein and Johnson Island m mid-January, was located on rubber life rafts after an search by 4 snips ana 40 aircraft. . Both European and Indian cost of living index figures rose in Fiji for the last quarter of 1954. The European index rose by 7 points to 242 (100 in August, 1939) and the Indian index for Suva rose by 6 points and for the country by 12 points, to 275 and 310 respectively.

The rise was attributed mainly to increasing food costs.

Prompt action by three European women saved a young Fiji* Indian child’s life in early January.

The women were Acting Matron of the Colonial War Memorial Hospital, Miss N, Sullivan, her sister, Mrs. W. E. Goodsir, and Mrs. R. I.

Cohen. The party was visiting Mosquito Island in the yacht Tamatea wh e n Miss Sullivan noticed the child drowning. She waded into the water and carried him to the beach where other members of party helped resuscitate him.

More P-NG Travellers ANG Line travellers from Sydney to [?]NG in January included (top to [?]ttom): Mr. and Mrs. J. K. McCarthy Diming from vacation. Mr. and Mrs.

Butterfield and child returning to Lae, [?]ere Mr. Butterfield is attached to [?]rks Branch. Mrs. C. Theodore and Peter [?]uring to Madang. Mr. B. K. Lenon [?]ntre) joining Lands Department, Port [?]resby, who was farewelled by his [?]rents. 55 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-P E B R u A R Y , 1955

Morgan Yernex Cie

PAPEETE, E.F.O, Commission Import Export REPRESENTANT ET AGENTS EXCLUSIFS POUR LES E.F.O. de NIREX PTY. LTD., Australie— WAßßEN COY., U S A —HAAS BROS, US A THE ENFIELD CYCLES CO., England— JOHN McINTOSH Cr SONS, England— CARLSBERG BRYGGERIERNE, Denmark —PEß LUSTUCRU, France —lTßACO, Suisse Beurre "Waratah"

Petrole "Ampol"

Savon "Waratah"

Margarine "Meadow-Lea' 1 Confiserie Mclntosh, chocolat "Coley"

Refrigerateurs "Quicfrex"

Motocyclettes "Royal Enfield"

Bombes Insecticides "Eston"

Conserve "Trupak"

Biere Carlsberg Pates aux oeufs frais Old Bell's Scotch Whisky MONTRES: “Itra,” “Sicura,” “Samba.”

N.

SHIP THE GOODS

A "Nirex" Invoice Covering Your Orders Is Your

Guarantee That Only The Best Quality Has

Been Shipped At The Fairest Price. A "Nirex"

Invoice You Can Accept With Confidence

NIREX PTY. LTD. 545 GEORGE ST., SYDNEY CABLES: “NIREX, SYDNEY” ’Phones: MA1679, M 3059 56 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

If Back Aches Try A Kidney iHOUSECIEANIIMj embarrassed and Are you »£ th < ere £ to ° frequent elimination during the day and “ u **co l AJCg ralllS, WCr* vousness, Dizziness, Lumbago.

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With the Bank of New Zealand handling your transactions your interests are fully need in*vS ftar' tAUTo<4 ' labasa ’ nadi - ba.( F u„, STREET. Vu» a AUSORI ' LAUCALA BA * AIRPORT and MARKS Established throughout the Islands NGG Shareholders Not Soothed By New Dividend of 3d Per Share Contrary to expectations, the announcement by the New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. Directors (that the improved position of finances permitted the payment of a dividend) created a certain amount of liveliness at the annual general meeting of the Co. in Sydney on January 28. [T was only 3d per 4/3 share (equal to 6 per cent.) but it was the first for 13 years, and the Directors expected a pat on the jack. They suggested that thence (£250 per annum each) be inireased to £5OO pa.

But the back-patting was not brthcoming. No sooner had Chairnan Julius Kruttschnitt completed iis cautious, but not pessimistic, reiew of the Co.’s prospects than a ection of the 40 shareholders preent (usually, there is difficulty in etting a quorum at this meeting) rent into action.

They insisted that this was a liserable return after 13 years in tie wilderness, and the expenditure f well over £400,000 (war damage wnpensation) on rehabilitation of hat was a very large gold-mining iismess. They suggested that in lew of the history of the Co., and le absence of any promise of anyling better, the Directors would be ell advised to sell the property The present generation may know ttle of the history of NGG Ltd s origin is found in the frenzy which followed the discovery of very rich gold-bearing country in the Bulolo River-Edie Creek area between 1925 and 1930. A London group, directed by a man named Urquhart, created an organisation which pegged or bought up leases in all directions around Wau. Large cash capital was put in; but many of the leases taken over were paid for in new scrip. Ellyu Limited (made from the initials of L.

Urquhart) became New Guinea Goldfields Ltd.; and by the time the frenzy was over, NGG Ltd. had an issued capital of no less than £4,500,000.

In view of the conditions—the exceedingly broken and primitive country, and the enormous transportation cost (only carriers and planes then were available)—the Co. could not make a profit worth mentioning on £4l millions, so in 1935 the Co. abandoned threequarters of its capital, and wrote its £1 shares down to 4/3. Total issued capital now is £950,371, in 4,472,000 shares of 4/3. It had an unfortunate history of mismanagement, the Territory was overwhelmed by Wa A W the war. a new Directorate decided to carry on and rehabilitate’ under a new General Manmil”andde?p thlreftouts! substantially 57 CIF IC ISLANDS MONTHLY-FEBRUARY. 1955

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MY BROTHER’S KEEPER, by Marcia Davenport. —The new novel from the author of “The Valley of Decision” is a story which pulls one along in its swift current, a story which ranges widely—New York, Vienna, the lake region of Northern Italy and New York again. A fascinating study which holds the reader a willing captive to the very end. 18/9d, post lid THE CORNERSTONE, by Zoe Oldenbourg. —Miss Oldenbourg’s latest novel, which was the choice of the Book Society and the Book of the Month Club, and which gained for her the Prix Femina, is a remarkable achievement. An outstanding novel set in Mediaeval France, the book provides a rich tapestry of the life and thought of the day. 18/9, post lid PORI TUPU, by Oskar Koenig. —Out of his experiences as a professional hunter, Oskar Koenig has made a book of unusual interest, alive with the mysterious power of Africa. Fine photographs illustrate the book. 22/6, post lid HOW TO BE TOPP, by Geoffrey Willans & Ronald Searle. —Being the further adventures of Nigel Molesworth of “Down With Skool” fame. 10/9, post 5d THE COMPLETE CARD PLAYER, by Albert A. Ostrow. —The most authoritative book on card games to be published this century and should challenge Hoyle as a reference book. A section on Canasta is also included. 18/9, post 1/5 GRAHAME BOOK COMPANY PTY. LTD. 39-49 MARTIN PLACE, SYDNEY.

In timber production —freighted by lorry down to Lae, along the road made in war-time—and, in a modest way, in trading and planting. It appears to have been a hard struggle to get to the dividend-paying stage on the available capital; but the immediate prospects now are regarded as good. The share-markets value the 4/3 shares at about 2/-.

The 3d per share dividend means that shares bought at 2/- would be earning about 12 1 per cent. The question for investors is: Will the dividends continue?

AFTER two or three critics had had their say, a section of the shareholders defended the Board, and condemned the suggestion that the property should be sold. They pointed out that, if withdrawal was contemplated, the right time was after the war when, from War Damage compensation and sale of the leases and the wreckage, enough cash might then have been assembled to give shareholders 2/- or 2/6 per share. But a sale now probably would not return a quarter of that. An excellent job of rehabilitation had been done in restoring the Co. to its present earning capacity, despite the difficulties created by (a) reduced usefulness of available capital caused by the reduced purchasing power of the deflated Australian £ and (b) the apparent reluctance of the Australian Government to assist the Co. in any substantial way.

One shareholder pointed out that although, last year, the Co. had earned £285,961 from bullion, and £113,401 from sale of timber, the Australian Government had collected from the Co. a direct tax of £13,728 in the 5 per cent, gold royalty, and had imposed heavy import duties on most of the Co.’s goods imported into NG for the purpose of carrying on the industry.

It grants the Co. timber leases on a hand-to-mouth basis, and it i poses a Customs duty of I2i • cent on all NGG timber imported i; Australia, although timber impc from other concerns, and from N Zealand, go in free.

The result of all this was tlr although the Co. had the quite si stantial income of over £400,000 the year, the total profit was o: £32,700, and the Co. had to go 58 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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In 2-oz., 4-oz. or 8-oz. jars. its savings for a distribution of £55,904 to shareholders.

A SHAREHOLDER said that the main purpose of the Co. seemed to be to provide large salaries for the staff. This proposed distribution, taking into account the fact that 13 years had passed since the last dividend, was equal to one-half of one per cent. What was the use of carrying on?

A director pointed out that, in the 13 years, there were four years of total war, and at least four years of reconstruction under the most difficult conditions. War Damage compensation was calculated on 1942 values; when it was paid in the late ’forties, the £ was worth much less than its 1942 value; and within three or four years, when they were spending it in rehabilitation, it had again declined substantially.

The chairman refused to be drawn into any optimistic forecast. But he quoted figures to show that, in the four months since the accounts closed, satisfactory profits had been made by the Co.

A motion to increase directors’ fees from £250 to £5OO pa was opposed by an amendment, which proposed that the matter be deterred for a year. On a show of hands, the amendment was defeated by a small majority, and the motion carried.

The Board (Messrs. J. Kruttschaitt, N. L. Cowper, H. H. McNall, J. H. Hohnen and H. G. Carter) was re-elected.

The chairman reported that durng the year, the ore mined by the 30. from various sources totalled: Tons Upper Ridges Mine .. 19,774 Andersons Creek .. .. 5,782 Golden Peaks Open-cut 2,877 Homestead Open-cut .. 3,053 The Golden Ridges mill treated >0,036 tons of ore, averaging 0.393 iz per ton; and 8,306 tons of batery sands, averaging 0.184 oz. The Soranga joint workings were seriously hampered during the year by xtensive flood damage.

BGD—Over From Gold To Timber FN the year ended May 31, 1954, L the profits of Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd. (which began redging the Bulolo flats, a few niles from Wau, soon after New Juinea Goldfields was formed) rere 992,600 US dollars. The profit 3r the previous year was 2i ullion dollars; and that for the urrent year (1955) is expected to e over 700,000 dollars. This Co. has eldom earned less than 100 per ent. on its subscribed capital; but ;s once exciting returns are now thing of the past.

For some years, BGD had eight redges in operation; but this numer has been slowly reduced, as the oldbearmg flats are worked out.

No. 2 dredge has been closed down; No. 4 will cease at the end of 1955; and the last two (Nos. 5 and 7) will go on until 1959.

Meanwhile, in partnership with the Australian Government, BGD is increasingly turning its attentention to the exploitation of the magnificent forests of Hoop and Klinki pine which clothe the ranges around the Bulolo Valley. The timber had little value until the war; _but then the opening of the Wau-Lae military road made it possible to deliver the pine at the sea-coast, and the whole picture changed after the war. The Australian Government (then Socialist) was reluctant to allow private enterprise into the forests; but BGD got over that by accepting the Government as the major but inactive partner in Commonwealth-N e w lnto ltS second year ot . , lu 1 ? ot ? nd 111I 11 the exploitation of the pine forests Bon^ n . za that the Bulol ° gold-bearing flats provided over man y years, but it should be a g°°d investment, nonetheless.

Position of Sandy Creek THE Directors of Sandy Creek Sluicing Ltd. (which works leases in the Morobe area of New 59 ACIPIC ISLANDS MONTHIT-P E B R C A R Y , i 855

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Heat Enervation

NERVINESS rheumatism and FLU Vickviao (Furduct Guinea) reported in December that in the year ended March 31, 1954, the Co. made a profit of £2,207, without providing for depreciation.

The Co. has an issued capital of £77,500 (620,000 shares of 2/6), and a General Reserve of £21,512; but a large proportion of both were lost when the Sandy Creek leases (book value £63,463) were abandoned, and losses were incurred in establishing the present operations in the Watut area. The Directors (H. G. Hyde, J. W. Hinks and W. J. MacGregor) have carried on pluckily in the face of discouragement and many misfortunes, and the Co. now may enjoy some reward. Its cash position is good. A year ago, it had spent over £28,000 at the Watut, and still had several thousands in liquid assets; and, within the limited operations imposed by water restrictions, it is making a small, steady profit which it is husbandng carefully.

Outlook For Ng Gold

PRODUCERS Possible Help From Subsidy rHERE is interest for all gold producers in New Guinea in the following statements made ly the chairman at the annual neeting of New Guinea Goldfields jtd. on January 28:

Gold Sales On Premium Market

The premium in excess of the statutory price for all gold marketed by NGG, Ltd., amounted to £1,066 (in the year ended 30/9/54) compared with £13,616 in the preceding year.

A report by the Gold Producers’ Association Ltd. informed the Co. that “the last sale of gold made by the Association was in June and was on account of gold which had been lodged by members prior to the end of April, 1954.

Since then it has been found impossible to sell gold at a profit, and as there appears very little prospect of any improvement in the immediate future your Committee has decided that the Association should suspend operations for the present. . , .”

On May 1, 1954, the Commonwealth Bank increased the price of gold to £l5/12/6 from £l5/9/10, thus bringing the new price to the equivalent of the dollar price per fine ounce.

Gold-Mining Industry Assistance

ACT, 1954 As a result of representations to the Commonwealth Government by the Chambers of Mines of Western Australia, Victoria and Queensland an “Act to provide for Assistance to the Gold-Mining Industry” was passed by Parliament and assented to on November 18, 1954.

Subject to various terms and conditions, including wide discretionary powers delegated to the Treasurer, the Act provides for a subsidy payable in respect of bullion produced in a year by a Company which is a large producer, the amount of which is ascertained by multiplying— (a) an amount equal to three-quarters of the excess of the cost of pro • duction per fine ounce of gold over thirteen pounds ten shillings; or (b) two pounds, whichever is the lesser, by the number of ounces of fine gold produced from the bullion.

The subsidy payable under this Act should prove advantageous to this Company, during the current period, if the cost of production per fine ounce of gold exceeds £ 13/10/0. (Last year, NGG Ltd. produced 12,780 oz. of gold and 16,103 oz. of silver.) Suva residents were treated to a display of brilliant gymnastics by a team of 30 Danish men and women gymnasts who gave several indoor and outdoor performances in January. 61 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-PEBRUARY, 1955

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No. 5 Christmas in Suva From Our Fiji Correspondent CHRISTMAS in Fiji followed the usual pattern, with the Europe a n community tenaciously holding to the old tradition of a “white Christmas” with dabs of cotton wool on the Christmas tree; and a growing tendency among other races to treat it as a big “spree’ rather than as a religious festival.

The entire population of Fijians in Suva seemed to spend the whole night of Christmas Eve in wandering up and down the streets, festooned with balloons and paper hats, shaking hands, arguing more or less amiably, and throwing crackers.

Housegirls have, almost to a woman, overstayed their visits to their villages; their employers have, as usual, darkly threatened to sack them, but on their return, most European women, after a week or so at the sink, have agreed to let bygones be bygones, and things are back to normal again.

Suva stores, after the usual Christmas rush of buying, are looking a little bare, and the effect of the shipping strike in Great Britain is beginning to be felt here. However, most firms will admit that they “haven’t done too badly” this Christmas, and certainly Fiji’s prosperity can be measured by the number of expensive gifts that disappeared from the shops. French perfumes at 10 guineas per bottle and walking dolls at £6/10/- found ready buyers, and they weren’t all copra planters, either. tl Miss Patricia Kent, who conducts the Vidal Library and Bookshop in Suva, returned to Fiji in January after spending three months’ holiday with her parents in Sydney.

For the past six years she hi worked at a lay member of tl Catholic Mission in Suva. fl Mr. G. T. Bolt, Chairman of til New Zealand Public Service Con mission, visited Fiji on his way New Zealand territories in tl Pacific to discuss matters affectii New Zealand officers at Nadi Aii port. 62 FEBRUARY, 1055 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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The Shell Co. of Aust. Ltd. (Inc. in Gt. Britain) SHELL •*>- M55427H WITH mrrm *o.fSMS7 Fishing Boats Leave As Tuna Forsake Palmyra BRIGHT hopes for a successful tuna fishery based on Palmyra have failed —at least for the present.

I Original fishing surveys carried out under the sponsorship of the US Fish & Wildlife Service were very successful, and on those results the Seattle firm of Kahler-Dhal commenced operations in mid-1954.

They employed a 150-ton converted schooner named Commonwealth, with 40 tons of refrigeration space, as the mother ship, and two smaller fishing vessels.

Catches were poor and Commonwealth is now lying idle in Honolulu. One of the fishing vessels, Brothers, was missing at sea off Kauai, Hawaii, in December, while returning from French Frigate Shoals where she has recently been operating more profitably. An occasional boat has gone down from Honolulu to Palmyra in recent months, but with little success.

Plans of certain Honolulu hotel interests to establish a holiday hotel on Palmyra, which might have been boosted by success in the commercial fishing sphere there, have jo far not been proceeded with, so the atoll now appears likely to continue its post-war isolation.

SPC Support For Fiji Credit Unions [l/ITH a gift of £222, the South ft Pacific Commission has signified its interest in and support of Credit Unions, which have made apid progress since they were inroduced to Fiji a year ago.

The gift money, which goes to the r iji Central Committee, will probbly assist in the publication of an Elementary Guide to Credit Union iccounting Procedure” which has een prepared by the Rev. Father I. Ganey.

The South Pacific Commission ias indicated to Father Ganey, !redit Union expert who was rought to the Colony at the sugestion of the Governor, that it coniders Credit Unions of “regional ignificance.” (Credit Unions have been called the peoples’ bank.” But as well as roviding the usual services of a ank—such as interest, loans, etc tiey act as savings groups. People [ith similar interests or occupa- 10ns are encouraged to form a roup).

The Credit Union National Association of the United States is showing keen interest in the good progress being made in Fiji and has voted $l,OOO towards the cost of sending a representative from Fiji to America for a special course in Credit Union work.

Credit Unions are firmly established in Hawaii and the United States. Father Ganey was instrumental in establishing them in British Honduras, where Sir Ronald Garvey formerly was Governor. He saw them in action and conceived the idea of their establishment in Fiji. Bishop Foley, of Fiji, then arranged for the loan of Father Ganey’s services.

Raivavae Lagoon Open MOF Fishing UNDER the system of rotation of mother-of-pearl shell diving areas in French Oceania, different lagoons are declared open for diving in different years, in order not to exhaust the valuable fisheries.

By notice recently gazetted in Papeete, Raivavae lagoon, in the Australs, has been declared open to skin divers for 3 months only, from January 1, 1955.

Largest number of passengers— 187—to leave Fiji on any vessel since before the war departed from Suva per Orcades in January. 63 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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Pim Crossquiz No. 60

Solution on Page 66.

ACROSS l_Who was Peter Pan’s constant comjanion? 6. —What does the French word “glace” oean? 7 —What is the capital of Bbet?

B—What does the abbrelation “Xe” stand for? fl.—To press for payment? 10.—What is a sudden urn in skiing? 12. —Boxes handled by a olicitor? 14 —What is the term for n animal 12 months old? 17. —What system of Baching music was devised y Sarah Glover? 19. —What is the largest Ity on the Vistula? ;20. —What was the term >r a ship engaged in the lave trades? 21.—What is the term for t spike of a fork?

DOWN I—Who is the greatest ime in Russian literature’ 2.—What German airman ■came leader of the Luftiffe and is imprisoned for re? 3—What rebellion took ace in 1900? 4 In mathematics, what has length t no breadth? s—Of which US State is Nashville the pital? 6. —What is one of the chief rivers in India? 11.—What famous battle was fought in 1415? 13.—What sea is north of Australia? 15. —Whom does Pip marry in “Great Expectations”? 16. —What treacherous sands are in the English Channel? 18. —Singer, explorer or fish?

New Pacific Shipping Service LAE, NG, is likely at times to see vessels of the Norse Oriental Line, which has just commenced a service between the American Pacific Coast, Eastern Australia, Indonesia, and Malaya. Timber cargoes, when offering, will be picked up at Lae on the eastbound run.

The Norse Oriental Line is joint owned by Messrs. Bruusgaard Kiosterud and A/S. Thor Dahl, two Norwegian companies. The latter is well known in the South Pacific through its Pacific Islands Transport Line connections, operating the vessel Thorsisle, and earlier, the Thor I. Their vessel T hor strand and Bruusgaard Kiosterud’s Hallvard, both of over 6,000 tons deadweight, and of 15 knots speed, will maintain about a monthly service. Hallvard, opening the service, was in Sydney in January, where persons important in the shipping business were entertained aboard. 65 CIF I C ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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PIM Crossquiz from Page 65

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Tongan Newsletter

NUKU’ALOFA, January 2.

ARRANGEMENTS were recently concluded between the Governments of New Zealand and Tonga for reciprocal income tax relief between the two countries.

Under the new plan, income derived in Tonga by a New Zealand resident will be exempt from income tax in New Zealand, although it will still be liable for Social Security charge. Prior to the agreement, Income thus derived was taxable in both countries.

On the other hand, any income derived by a resident of Tonga, irrespective of nationality, from and subject to taxation in any Commonwealth country, or the Republics of India and Eire, is exempt from taxation in Tonga.

A survey of timber resources was recently made on the island of ’Ena !>y the Agricultural Department. It was found that 12,480 acres were in forest and that about 24,000 super feet of millable ;imber was available in each acre; total imount of timber available was estimated it not less than 34,000,000 super feet.

The Department is now planting young ,rees on those portions of the island iccupied by grass and guava. More than 9,000 trees have already been planted, nd the species include a type of Cedar imilar to the famous Cedars of Lebanon, ■he trees should become millable timber rithin 20 to 30 years.

Residents of Nuku’alofa saw smoke and team rising from the direction of olcanic Falcon Island on December 23. ■ying 45 miles to the north-west of luku’alofa, the island appears and isappears periodically. It has gained the ickname of “Jack-in-the-Box” Island.

Queen Salote, with retinue, sailed for ta’apai on December 28 to spend New ear there. She was expected to return > Nuku’alofa for the opening of Parlialent on January 24.

Senior Tutor at Tupou College, the Rev. au Faupula, returned to Tonga by the ecember “Tofua” after some months of eputation work in Australia. Also on le “Tofua” was the Rev. ’lsikeli Hau’ofa, sturning after serving four years on Methodist Mission stations in Papua.

Passengers on the “Aoniu”, which reirned to Nuku’alofa on December 5, eluded the Judge of the Supreme Court, r • Justice Hunter; the Civil Service ilaries Revision Commissioner, Mr. R. . Ramage, CMG; and the Secretary to ie Government, Mr. K. R. Bain, who id accompanied Mr. Ramage on his sits to Ha’apai and Vava’u.

Clerk to the Legislative Assembly and ibinet, Siosaia P. Vaea, is now holidayg in New Zealand on a six month ication leave. Also on leave in New saland is the Senior Inspector of Police id Mrs. Tevita F. Hama.

The Government despatch vessel “Hifoa” left in December for its annual 'erhaul in Auckland. On board were veral lepers and also gifts of mats, tapa oth, coconut oil and native foodstuffs om Queen Salote and the women of >nga for the Makogai Leper Settlement Fiji.

December was generally a dry month r Tonga. Those rains which fell at e beginning and end of the month were blessing to the yam crops and to iku’alofa’s depleted water supply.

Fiji’s Outstanding Students Win Scholarships THE first award under the recently established Australian Government Scholarship for Fiji, has gone to Oscar Emberson, 19, son of Mr. and Mrs. Felix Emberson, of Suva.

Mr. Emberson was educated at Marist Brothers’ High School, Suva, and St. Bede’s College, Christchurch, NZ. He gained the New Zealand University Entrance qualification in 1953 and the Higher School Corticate last year. He now plans to take a dental course at an Australian University.

The Morris Hedstrom Ltd. University Scholarship was for the first time this year awarded to a Fijian girl, Miss Vasiti Kalokalo Naivaluvou, 20, of Nabudrau, Rewa. She was educated at Lelean Memorial School, Devuilevu, and Palmerston North Girls’ High School, NZ. She intends to study Home Science at Otago University, NZ.

U The Board of Directors of W. R.

Carpenter and Co. (Fiji) Limited has appointed Mr. H. Hodsdon, AAIA, to be Secretary of the Company. Mr. Hodsdon was previously Secretary of Coconut Products Ltd., Rabaul, New Guinea. Mr. and Mrs.

Hodsdon have taken residence in Suva. 67 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-FEBRUARY. 1955

• J % -V .

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MEATS Order NOW 7 /rom yew Nearest Supplier HOT PACKS 16-oz. Braised Beef Steak Stew. 16-oz. Steak and Kidney Pudding. 16-oz. Steak and Tomato. 16-oz. Irish Stew. 16-oz. Beef Steak Pudding. 12-oz. Steak and Onions.

TOMATO PRODUCTS 8-oz. Tomato Soup. 16-oz. Tomato Soup. 28-oz. Peeled Tomatoes.

Canned Fruits

12-oz. Meatreat. 12-oz. Hampe. 12-oz. Camp Pie. 12-oz. Corned Beef W/C. 12-oz. Taper Corned Beef. 6-lb. Taper Corned Beef W/C. 6-lb. Taper Corned Beef. 12-oz. Taper Corned Beef W/C.

Canned Fish

12-oz. Flair Fish Cutlets. 16-oz. 30-oz. 30-oz. 30-oz. 16-oz. 30-oz. 16-oz. 30-oz. 16-oz. 30-oz. 16-oz. 16-oz.

Grapes.

Peaches.

Pears.

Apricots.

Raspberries.

Raspberries.

Loganberries.

Loganberries.

Gooseberries.

Gooseberries.

Cherries.

Fruit Cocktail.

Cold Meats

12-oz. Trim (Pork and Beef).

SAUSAGES 16-oz. Beef Sausages. 16-oz. Oxford Sausages. 16-oz. Cambridge Sausages. 16-oz. Pork Sausages. 10-oz. Vienna Sausages. 16-oz. Vienna Sausages. 4-oz. Vienna Sausages.

TONGUES 12-oz. Sheep Tongues. 12-oz. Lamb Tongues. 12-oz. Calves’ Tongues. 12-oz. Lunch Tongues. 2-lb. Ox Tongues.

Condensed Milk

14-oz. Sweetened Condensed Milk. 12-oz. Unsweetened Evaporated Milk. 12-oz. Chocream. 8-oz. Reduced Cream. 16-oz. Tins Dripping. 37-lb. Tins Dripping.

MARGARINE 56-lb. boxes Cake Margarine. 56-lb. boxes Pastry Margarine.

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Canned Jams

12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24-oz. 12-oz. & 24- Ginger. 12-oz. & 24- Lemon. 12-oz. & 24- Pineapple.

Fig.

Plum.

Raspberry.

Quince.

Marmalade.

Apricot.

Peach. •oz. Melon & oz. Melon & oz. Melon & AGENCIES i FISH CANNERIES OF TASMANIA PTY. LTD., Tasmania. (“Flair” Canned Fish).

GARTSIDE PRODUCTS PTY. LTD., Victoria. (“Gartside” Canned Vegetables).

TONGALA MILK COMPANY, Victoria. (“Jersey Cow” and “Mont Blanc”

Condensed Milk). PORT HUON FRUITGROWERS’ CO-OP. ASSOCIATION LTD., Tasmania. (“Huoncry” Canned Fruits and Jams). MAIZE PRODUCTS LTD., N.S.W. (“Kream” Cornflour. “Acme” Starch. “Cameo” Custard Powder). PEEK FREAN (AUST.) PTY. LTD., (Biscuit Manufacturers).

RIVERSTONE MEAT CO. PTY. LTD.

O'Connell Street, Sydney

aae 68 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH II

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Importers - Exporters

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Distributors for Loading Australian and Overseas Manufacturers.

Sole Agents: Papua-New Guinea and Solomon Islands for Dooke & Co., Bremen (Cardock Bush Knives, Hatchets, Axes, etc., including: All Trade Lines).

“Geo” Spanish Shot Guns.

Dominion Flour and Wheatmeal.

Sunnyside Canned Fruit.

Specialising in Piecegoods Palm Brilliantine.

Ashby Bicycles.

Webster’s Biscuits.

“Columbia” Canned Fish.

Northgate Axe and Hammer Handles.

Inner Spring Mattresses, Pillows, etc. and Mosquito Nets for Native Issue.

TRADE ENQUIRIES INVITED—ALL TYPES OF MERCHANDISE SUPPLIED OVERSEAS INDENTS ARRANGED.

No Land Tax For

TAHITI JT was reported from Papeete in January that the land tax ordinance, approved by the Assembly in 1953 but warmly opposed by all sections of the community when it was recently put into operation, has now been repealed. (See PIM, page 154, January).

The Assembly will seek some other avenues of meeting budget requirements.

UK Supports Overseas Sugar Producers THE South of England will have to get on without a £3 million sugar beet mill that would produce sugar for £lO a ton more than it can be imported.

The UK Minister of Agriculture recently refused a request to establish such a mill.

He pointed out that, apart from the bad economics of the scheme, there was already a surplus of cane sugar in Colonies whose economy, in some cases, depended on the sugar crop.

II Semesa Sikivou, an assistant master at Queen Victoria School, has been appointed a member of the Fiji Broadcasting Commission in the place of Livai Volavola. The latter resigned when he was appointed headmaster of Richmond Methodist Mission School, Kadavu.

Among passengers who left Sydney for P-NG in January were: Mr. and Mrs.

A. L. A. de Groen, who returned to Port Moresby where Mr. de Groen is Assistant Superintendent of Stores Branch; he was commencing his 35th year as a New Guinea resident. Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Cahill, of Madang, who returned home after six months vacation in the US and Europe. 69 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-F E B R U A R Y , 1955

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UIMITE New Hurricane "Fixers" at Work in Queensland IN time for the current hurricane season, Queensland has just completed the most modern hurricane locating and tracking system in the Southern Hemisphere.

First evidence of a hurricane will, as in the past, be obtained by barometer and wind readings from Queensland coastal and Island stations. Then as it moves nearer, atmospheric direction-finding stations at Brisbane, Townsville and Charleville will obtain a fairly accurate “fix” of the hurricane centre. They operate on the principle that a considerable amount of lightning and consequently “static” —is associated with hurricanes.

The direction finders establish the direction from which these intense atmospherics are coming. A reliable range of 750 miles is expected. Then, when the centre is within 150 miles of the coast, longrange radar stations will obtain a very accurate picture of the direction of movement.

Nohe of these new devices will divert the hurricanes from their unpredictable courses, but the equipment will provide an earlier and more accurate warning, saving unnecessary hurricane preparations and localising the danger area.

II Miss Sue Lucy, of Killara, Sydney, returned home on January 14 from a five weeks holiday on Mr. Jim Leahy’s plantation at Goroka, New Guinea. She flew home with a school friend, Beverley Bunting, also of Sydney.

II Mr. and Mrs. Bernard Ryan—he is BP manager in Port Moresby, and she was formerly Miss Gwen Hides, of Papua—have been spending their leave with their childre at Balgowlah, Sydney. They retui to PM in March, If Mr. Per Fogstad, of Sandefior Norway, who is a director of tl Pacific Islands Transport Lir ( Thorsisle ) was a visitor to Sydm during January. An extension i the Pacific of the shipping interes he represents is planned. 70 FEBRUARY. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY!

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‘Long-Line’ Fishing

Hawaii Experiments With Big Tuna THE 65-ft fisheries research vessel Makua, of the Division of Fish and Game of Hawaii, recently made a 3-days’ experimental longling fishing cruise off the Waianae coast.

The objective of this research is to design a type of tuna longling or flagline gear that can be operated at a higher level of efficiency. Tuna longlining as used in Hawaii for many years, is the only fishing method now known that can tap the stocks of large, deep-swimming tuna around Hawaii and located in abundance in the equatorial waters south of the Islands by Hawaiibased research ships.

The method is widely and successfully used by the Japanese throughout the western Pacific, southeast Asian waters, and the Indian Ocean. In its traditional form, however, their gear requires so much labour in relation to the amount of tuna caught that it is becoming more difficult for longline fishermen in Hawaii to make a living. Even on the rich grounds along the Equator the pioneer at- :empts to fish longlines commercially have not been very successful financially.

Japanese longline vessels, with irews of 25 to 30 men, work as much is 16 hours a day to fish around 1,500 hooks, for an average daily latch of less than 5 tons of tuna. f the longline fishing method is to )ay European fishermen adequately or arduous and hazardous work, nany more hooks, with far fewer nen, must be used.

Experiments being made by the wo fishery research agencies in lawaii include: • Substitute steel cable for the otton line now in use for longines. • Reel up the line continuously n drums instead of separately stowag the many component units of ear at the end of each day’s fishag. • Devise a system by which the ranch or hook lines will be autolatically attached at the proper inervals to the trunk or main line s it is paid out into the sea.

The gear tested on the latest lakua cruise was of this descripion, and comprised 24 units, or baskets,” each with 11 hooks, or a Dtal of 264 books. The experimental ear worked without any serious ifficulties, but recovery proceeded lowly because of the crew’s unamilarity with the gear, and results jere negligible. Earlier experiments indicated that a possible difficulty fith steel longlines might be their relative lack of elasticity, which would keep them from “playing” hooked fish and would result in the tearing out of the hooks from the mouths of large, heavy tuna. With the object of providing a degree of shock-absorbing effect, a number of branch lines made of 3/16-inch nylon were tested and found promising.

The Fiji Director of Lands (chairman), the Medical Officer of Health, Suva, the Executive Engineer, Suva, and Mr. P. Costello have been appointed to be members of the Sub-division of Land Board for a period of two years from January 1, 1955.

Chief Beats Up Bus Driver FOLLOWING a dispute over payment of a bus fare in mid-1954, American Samoan High Chief Suani Save, together with four relatives, beat and injured bus driver Malaki so badly he was hospitalised for two weeks. Chief Save was a former member of the House of Representatives from Lealataua County.

At his trial in November, the chief pleaded not guilty to a charge of “assault with a deadly weapon.” But he and his companions were found guilty and sentenced by Judge Arthur A. Morrow to 18 months’ gaol, the last six of which would be dependent on good behaviour. 71 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 195 5

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72 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY?

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Samarai Papua

Branches at: ORO BAY AND POPONDETTA.

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Vacuum Oil Co. Pty., Ltd.

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Webley & Scott, Ltd.—Shot Guns, Air Pistols, etc.

E. K. Cole, Ltd., London.—'"Ekco” Radio Receivers.

“Getula.”—Nylon Monofilament Fish Lines.

DaV di°t?on^ alntS ’ Ltd “ NS * W *- paint fOT Tropical Con- • Trade mark patented In U.8.A.. Great Britain, and other countries.

Regular Supplies Of Eastern Goods

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BROADCASTING IN FIJI: "Pleasing Some People Some of the Time"

From Our Own Correspondent AFTER nearly six months’ operation, Suva’s new Radio Station VRH is settling down as an accepted part of Fiji’s community life. It has had its growing pains, but the staff, most of them New Zealanders, have accepted criticism and advice cheerfully.

It would be difficult to “please all of the people all the time” in a mixed community like Fiji, and for many residents, particularly the English, radio advertising is somewhat of a novelty, and not always a pleasing one.

A plea for more classical music is just as insistent as requests for more popular ditties from other sections of the community—but with such a radio set-up as ours it is just a matter of cold, hard cash.

A modern radio service in Fiji is not possible at present without advertising to pay for staff and equipment.

There are some again who think fiat the new station follows too itereotyped a pattern based on the ines of similar stations in New Zeaand —but time must be allowed for Fiji’s new venture to develop its >wn individuality and character, vhich it must inevitably do.

Many have expressed the opinion that it is time for a little controversy—discussion panels which would freely and frankly discuss current affairs both at home and abroad—and we understand that it is on the agenda for early 1955.

Apia Govt. Hotel Loses More Money THE Casino Hotel, Apia, operated by NZ Reparation Estates (a Government agency), lost £BOO on its operations in the last financial year.

Built in German times, and later converted to use as a hotel, the Casino is probably the largest commercial building in Western Samoa.

Most of its permanent residents are Government employees.

There are no licensed hotels in Western Samoa.

II Miss Judith Staff, of Sydney, recently announced her engagement to Mr. Peter Day, a Papua rubber and copra planter. Miss Staff has studied singing for five years at the Sydney Conservatorium and four years ago she won the Sydney de Vries scholarship.

II Miss Gendowati Prasad, a young Indian school-teacher, returned home to Suva, Fiji, on January 10 after two years study leave in Australia. During her stay she taught primary school children in Adelaide.

She will continue similar work in Fiji.

If Mr. and Mrs. Alan De Groen left Sydney in the Bulolo on January 12 for their home at Port Moresby.

They had just completed three months’ holiday in Australia, spent mostly at Orange, NSW. 73 ACIFIC ISLANDS monthly— FEBRUARY, 1955

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Another Win For

LAVE TONGAN heavyweight, Kitione Lave, scored a decisive win over Ross Jenkins at Leichhardt Stadium, Sydney, on January 20.

The NSW timber cutter was knocked to the canvas twice before referee Burns declared Lave the winner 1 minute 30 seconds after the fight began. Jenkins, who knocked out Samoan boxer Fossi Schmidt for a shock win last December, had no defence against Lave’s powerful punches.

Boxing critics consider Lave has vastly improved on his first Australian showing. He has shortened his punches to make them straighter.

Changes in French Oceania Monsieur henri angevin has been sworn in as procureur de la Republique (Attorney- General) of French Oceania in succession to Monsieur Robert Lecorche, who is now returning to France.

Monsieur Thadee Diffre, Secretary-General for the past 18 months and formerly Administrator-in- Chief of French Overseas Territories, has been promoted to Secretary-General of French Overseas Territories and is now returning to Paris. He has been succeeded as Secretary-General for French Oceania by Monsieur Yves Gayon.

Beaver Planes in NNG INTERNAL air communications in Netherlands New Guinea were further improved after the recent arrival at Biak of two “Beaver” planes. They will be used to facilitate contact with inland areas which cannot otherwise be reached.

Up till now, 14 air-strips have been constructed and 17 landing bases for seaplanes will shortly be ready. The 31 landing places have been planned in such a manner that there is not more than an horn flying distance between any of the; The single-engine “Beavers” c: alternately use landing wheels alight on the aerodromes, or flos to land on water. Several spec: bases have been built where t) planes can be converted either w, in a few hours. The “Beavers” c transport 7 passengers.

Australian and New Zealand ma for Fiji were overcarried when, d to the January hurricane alert, t liner Oronsay was instead divert to Noumea and back to Sydney. 74 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LJ

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Drift Voyages for Marines ISLANDERS may expect American marine landings on their beaches in the latter part of this year, but they will all be dead!

Scripps Institute of Oceanography will launch 1,000 4-oz bottles per month from points off the California coast —and where they will make th ei r landings is highly problematical.

On past experience the Institute estimates that co-operative beachcombers will eventually find about 300 of the 12,000, returning the enclosed card with requisite details.

The Institute was pleased to receive one card back from Fiji some time ago, after it had travelled at least 2,170 miles. What it really travelled no one will ever know.

Charts of known ocean currents show that a bottle launched well off the Californian coast might curve south-west between Hawaii and Palmyra, travel west through Micronesia, and if not stranded there, reach a critical position north of Dutch New Guinea and east of the Philippines. It may take the northern branch of the divided current, end somewhere in the enclosed Sea of Japan, or, passing Japan’s southeast coast, return across the Pacific to California—and keep on doing that for some time.

But if the north-east Trades are blowing strongly when the bottle drifts south of Hawaii it may be set south into the strong, east-flowing Counter Equatorial Current, which might dump it in the Galapagos—or via the Galapagos to the South Equatorial Current and back westward again along the Kon-Tiki- Seven Little Sisters trail.

Or, depending on winds and weather it might shuttle for months between that 300-mile-wide band of east-flowing water, and the westflowing streams to north and south, causing the drifter to zigzag over a, great stretch of equatorial ocean, until finally it breaks completely flear. What is certain is that a Dottle picked up in Fiji will have travelled far from the proverbial :row’s-flight course on its journey.

Paye—By Time-Payment

rHE Fiji Inland Revenue Department will, in 1955, institute a delayed Pay As You Earn tax ;ollection system.

UnlikQ'those which operate in Ausralia and elsewhere, PAYE systems yhich keep the wage-earner abreast if his indebtedness with the Govirnment and are compulsory, the r iji system will run a year late.

At present in Fiji a lump-sum paynent is called for, but those wno Irish it may arrange with their emiloyers for a regular monthly deletion of salary. 75

Pacific Islands Monthly— February, 19 55

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Telegrams: Britpaint, Sydney 76 FEBRUARY, 1855 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY!

Magazine Section

Tropicalities

Christy Minstrels Of 60

YEARS AGO MR. J. D. WHITCOMBE of Auckland, former long-time resident of Tonga, sends along an old document, an extract from which should stir the memories of other Tonga old-timers. It is the programme of a concert given on December 11, 1894, by the Nukualofa Amateur Dramatic Club, in the Nukualofa Pale Kai—as it then was. (The Fale Kai was a building set aside as an eating place for the Tongan Nobles during sessions Df Parliament.) The first part of the programme lists a series of items by the ‘Christy Minstrells” —no names mentioned—but the second part lists the following:— Pianoforte duet, Misses Treskow and Watkins. >ong: “The Flag that Braved”, Mr. Leefe. 3ong: “Three Old Maids of Lee”, Miss Woodfield.

Recitation: “The Spanish Champion”, Mr. D. Bohitele Kaho. song: “Vashti”, Miss Treskow and Company.

Song: “Mona”, Mr. Egan Moulton.

Duet; (Tableau) “Hear Me Norma”, Miss Woodfield, Mr. E.

Moulton, and Company.

Song: “An Awful Little Scrub”, Mr.

Plesner.

Duet: “Life’s Dream is O’er”, Miss Treskow and Mr, E, Moulton. ?ableau: “Faith, Hope, and Charity,” Company.

Song: “After the Ball”, Mr. D. B.

Kaho.

How Fijian Is “Mocambo”?

ra recent issue of a British travel magazine we read of a coffee-shop in London called the Jocambo (decor is “part South Sea sland, part Italian”—whatever hat may mean). It was stated here that Mocambo is Fijian for meeting place.”

The December Fiji Visitors’ bureau bulletin also had something o say about the Mocambo —this ime meaning the hotel at Nadi firport, at least the lounge of which s known to every airline passenger ravelling into or through Fiji.

That Macambo came into exisence during the war, as an Amerian officers’ club, and according to he Bureau the name Mocambo was •estowed on it by nostalgic resiients of Los Angeles who were lomesick for a nightclub of the ame name in that city.

It sounds a more reasonable explanation.

Nadi’s Mocambo has had varying fortunes since it was an officers’ club —but is now run as a successful private enterprise by Mr. Barry Philp,

Ballet Among Shy

Head-Hunters

AS part of their research into native tribal dances, ballet dancer and choreographer Beth Dean will shortly visit some of the remoter parts of New Guinea with her husband Victor Carell.

They plan to start at Aitape and then work north to Vanimo. Miss Dean hopes that in this region they will come in contact with civilisation-shy headhunters, whom she feels will be quite different from the “dignified, courteous and gentle natives of Australia.”

Miss Dean and her husband recently spent five months living with aborigines in Central Australia, filming their tribal dances. Their book, Dust For Dancers, which was written after their return from Central Australia, will pobably be published while they are in the Territory, (Editorial advice for Miss Dean: Try the Sepik River—more headhunters there, although they are not shy.)

London Polish For Bsip

POLICE REPORTERS who boarded the liner Otranto in Melbourne recently found two brownskinned Islanders armed with a sound knowledge of judo and the latest crime prevention and detection methods.

They were Police Sergeants Oduana Silverio and Kipling Gordon-Beti of the British Solomon Islands.

Having just completed a sixmonth course at Hendon, the Police Training College in London, the two sleuths were returning home to strike terror in the hearts of BSl’s underworld.

One of them, Sergeant Gordon- Beti, was wasting no time on the ship: reporters found him enthusiastically absorbed in a book called “Crime and the Police.”

Both men are stationed at Honiara and have charge of 50 native constables.

Help Wanted—On Hair

HYDROMETERS WE have many strange requests from time to time, but this one wins the biscuit this month: Tavi Kauffman, the Danish “nature-man” in Tonga, wants to make a hydrometer from a human In Pagan Days...

Pagan rites were re-enacted at the opening of the restored marae of Aralurahn, Paea, about 14 miles from Papeete, Tahiti. As PIM reported in January PIM, a grant made by the South Pacific Commission in 1953, provided for the restoration of this ancient marae. Over 1,000 of these shaped basaltic stones were missing when the work began. (For further details see Jan. PIM). The central figure in this photo represents the “God” associated with this marae.

Photo by A. Sylvain. 77 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

hair. He has no books on the subject and would welcome information, which should be addressed to him c/o Nukualofa post office, Tonga.

We have never heard of anyone making hydrometers, or anything else, except hair-shirts, out of hairs.

This is evidently what comes of voluntarily casting oneself away to be a hermit on one of the outer Tongan isles. . . . But hair hydrometers! Frankly, we’re amazed, Kauffman, we understand, believes that the world would benefit if everyone returned to the Stone Age; with this in view he planned to heave all his books into the sea once he was established on his Tongan island.

We are in two minds about nature-men generally, but one thing we are sure of is that no Stone-age man ever made a hydrometer —much less out of a hair. (According to the dictionary, hydrometer means “an instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of liquids.” The most common example is the syringe affair used for determining S.G. of the fluid in a car battery—and thus the amount of charge. . . It has been suggested to us that someone along the way had hit a wrong key, and what Kauffman really wants to make is a “hygrometer”—an instrument for measuring humidity. Apparently a hair is sometimes used for that— as a sort of coiled spring, A hygrometer, we are informed, is a highly delicate and expensive instrument.)

Apia Will Toot, Too

LAST year Oscar Nordman, of Papeete, had some legal troubles as the result of a siren erected on his office, with which, as selfappointed city crier, he released friendly farewell blasts to departing tourist ships. Members of a nearby club objected to the noise and the siren was declared a public nuisance—until other citizens protested the ban, and the interdict was withdrawn.

We now hear that Mr. Eugene Paul, prominent Apia business man, back from a recent Papeete visit, is considering the installation of a similar farewelling hooter atop an Apia picture theatre.

Cl Stand By For Hurricanes

THANKS to meteorological officer Gordon F. Russell (well known , ~ in Fiji) the Cook Islands population must be the most weatherconscious south of the Line. Whenever these Islands are hit by a day or two of excessive rain, heat, or ■ explanation duly appears m the daily news sheet in terms of outbursts of Antarctic air,” “intense anticyclones over the Kermadecs, or “intrusions of the Tropical Convergence” from the north f h e Cooks have been remarkably free from damaging hurricanes since the war, but the danger is alwavs present from November to April and meteorologist Russell is not allowing the locals to forget it. In mid- November, Rarotonga had a fullscale hurricane alert to test the defences and make certain that the population knows its drill if a blow strikes at short notice, The warning is given by a pair of trucks, sirens wailing, encircling the 21-mile road around the island but starting from opposite directions. Local police, village officials, and school-masters then go into action, The test was held in mid-week “thus enabling all people to discuss it over the week-end,” said the Press Sheet.

Why and When—

The Palolo Lets

Its Tail Go

By R. W. Robson HAVING eaten, at the hospital table of Harold Gatty, in Suv’ a soup of peculiar, delicious an unforgettable flavour, made from tti “Palolo worm,” I became intereste m this extraordinary zoologies manifestation.

I found that there is quite a liters ture on the Palolo; but that all re ferences came back to the centn mystery; Why does the “worm” ris at a certain time, and no other?

First, let me quote the Encyclo paedia: The Palolo (Eunice viridii is an edible Annelid, common aroun Samoa and Fiji and some oth« Pacific islands; and it has an ex traordinary breeding swarm in G« tober and November each year, i or near the last quarter of tH moon. Just before daylight, th water (around the coral reefs) bo comes thick with worms, like vernu celli soup. “The swarming worm which are eagerly collected by tb natives, are really the headless par of the worms, laden with eggs an sperms, which they liberate fc rupture. The head-ends remain i the burrows in the coral reefs, an grow new posterior ends.”

Most of my Pacific books descriU the merry scenes as canoe-loads o Samoans or Fijians gather at cei tain places just before dawn eac year and await the rising of tb Palolo; the way in which tb wriggling masses are scooped in; an the feasts that ensue.

The “worm” is from 3 to 6 inch* long, about as thick as a quill, som brown and some green.

MR. GATTY (who first earne fame as a navigator) said b had studied the phenomenc as far as he could and had decide that he could predict the momen of the “rising.” He said the thin is not a worm, but a collection « eggs from a creature shaped like tiny lobster—the rising is real] a spawning. The creature discaro the latter portion of its body, whio rises to the surface, and the hes lives on in the hole in the coral!

He said: “If the last quarter i the moon is after October 15, the rise then, and again in the lai quarter of November moon—t hr latter a big rise. If the last quart*; is early in November, they riiJ then, and again in the last quart*; of the moon in December. This cer be calculated to the exact hour-' 4 am in the morning of that dai or between 4 am and 8 am—neve 1 later.”

I gathered that Harold Gatty has had arguments with friends aboir HUGO COLCHESTER-WEMYSS, Superintendent of Police in the Solomons for the past five years, has now left, with his wife and daughter, for long leave in England, before taking up his appointment as Commissioner of Police at Nassau, Bahamas, in the British West Indies.

His last name is pronounced “Weems”, and he bears his long and distinguished name with ease and ability. The family seat is Westbury Court, Westbury-on- Severn, Gloucestershire, where he was born in 1910. He commenced his meritorious career in the Colonial Police in Palestine in the difficult days 1933-38.

He then served in Barbados from 1938 to 1941, and in Jamaica from then until his transfer to the Solomons in 1949.

Here he allowed neither the lethargy of the climate, nor the lethargy of Government to deter his energy and enthusiasm.

He greatly impressed the American author James A. Michener, who revisited the battlefields of Gualadcanal, and was mentioned with admiration in the book “Return to Paradise”.

Colchester-Wemyss was awarded both the Coronational Medal and the Colonial Police Medal in 1953.

During the last five years Honiara-inthe-Solomons has grown from a straggling village to a promising township, while the native police have undergone a greater transformation in training, uniforms and ceremonial, headed by the distinguished and colourful person of Edward John Hugo Colchester-Wemyss.

BRETT HILDER. 78 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

the precise time; but he proved his ! calculations by going out in his own at the hour fixed, and bringing home the bacon. “There must be thousands of tons of this stuff around these reefs at that particular moment,” he said. “But it disappears quickly.”

But neither Mr. Gatty, nor any of my old book-writers had offered any i explanation of why the Palolo rises at that particular time.

I WAS still wondering about it when, on December 16 (a week ago) I received from Mr. Edward W.

Johnson, of Pago Pago, a typed copy of “Salamasina —Scenes from Ancient Samoan Culture and History>” written in 1923, in German, by Augustin Kraemer, and translated in 1949. This is a rather fascinating history of the kingly families of Samoa; and there, on page 65, I found what seems to be the key of the mystery. I cannot tell whether this is taken from Samoan legend, or whether it is the deduction of the German author: but here it is.

A Samoan royal party had arrived at a certain place on the Upolu coast about November 10, and the Palolo was expected to rise. “At the beginning of this November the sun culminates on its way to the south: and at midday stands vertically above Samoa. If a sun-ray then could pierce the earth, it would strike the full moon on the opposite side. The two heavenly bodies exercise such an attraction on the waters of the ocean that the tides at Palolo time are over a foot higher and lower than usual. At noontime, then, the coral reef lies bare for several hours and is exposed to the burning rays of the sun. No wonder that at this season certain sea-animals reach their full development, just as the land produces its fruits in greater abundance.

“The Palolo worm bores with its sharp teeth into the coral rock, where it makes its home. There the males and females form long, thread-like tails, which on the critical day are cast off and float about in the sea. It is the Palolo’s wedding journey. The threads burst, and the brown females pour their eggs into the water, where they are fertilised by the sperm from the greenish male threads.”

Apparently, the Palolo is ready to swarm in the October-November period. But, to do so, it needs just a little additional stimulus, given by the sun’s rays. This comes when the sun and the moon get into juxta-position. This induces an extra low tide, and a correspondingly additional exposure of the reef to the sun. Thereupon, the Palolo lets its tail go.

Astronomical experts, like friend Gatty, can calculate that time, practically to the minute. But how did the old-time Polynesians—and their children of to-day know exactly the time to go out and scoop up the Palolo eggs?

No one is Home on Pylstaart A not unusual chapter from the darker side of the Pacific story—but forgotten now by most Islands dwellers.

By Catharine E. Cowie

ALONE in the Pacific Ocean like a pearl lost from its setting and left carelessly lying on an azure carpet, is the tragic Isle of Pylstaart. The pathetic history of its inhabitants is perhaps little known to the world to-day.

The sun has risen and set in tropical glory tinting that lonely isle in many brilliant hues, and the Pacific has dimpled in sunshine and raged in storm, since the sorrow fell upon it, silencing forever life and laughter on the palm-clad hills and rock-bound shores. It is close on 100 years since the advent of that slave-ship that bereft Pylstaart and left it an island haunted with memories.

The island rises with Gibraltar’s abruptness sheer out of the ocean; on its eastern side where it drops to undulating slopes which are palm-clad in the sag of the hills, the people dwelt in palm-leaf huts.

They lived on fruits of the soil and the fish which they caught by building up stones on the reef, so that when the tide fell, the fish were imprisoned. With canoes they went deep-sea fishing also. Goats gave milk and food, as did the pigs and fowl.

The people were Polynesians, be ing adjacent to the Friendly Group; a fine fearless race of happy people, with a population of under one hundred. Toil came as play to them, and in the evenings they gathered on the beaches and sang and played as children.

Mau was the Chief; he and his wife, Lai, had six sons and one daughter, Tora.

A day came and all was changed for these simple people; Uma, a Chief from an Island of the Friendly Group, had been accidentally blown out to sea in his canoe during a hurricane season storm. He was rescued by the young men of Pylstaart right out on the reef to all appearances a dead man. cut and torn with the jagged coral.

When Tora saw the unconscious form of Uma, she desired to care for him; she bathed his wounds and rubbed coconut oil on his body.

When he again came to himself he saw a lovely maiden, and fell into a deep sleep; when he awoke he called his own people in his tongue but none recognised his speech, and he was bewildered.

So Tora cared for him, mind and body, and he learned her quaint speech and she his. He taught the men of Pylstaart to make a newshaped canoe, better equipped to face the storms of the deep. When it was finished he persuaded Mau and Lai to allow him to take Tora to himself as a wife, on the day he was to depart for his own island.

PYLSTAART ISLAND, or Ata, lies 100 miles south of Tongatabu, in the Tongan group.

The author of this story, elderly now, spent her younger years in that area. She was the wife of the late Mr. H. E. Leefe who was Resident Agent on Rotuma in 1894 and later died there. Mrs. Leefe some years later married the Rev. A. P. Cowie, a son of the then Bishop of Auckland, NZ.

Mrs. Cowie is a sister of Mr. J.

D. Whitcombe.

The story is written in a style very different to the usual journalistic manner of to-day—but it somehow suits the period about which it tells.

This he could not do unless three of Tora’s brothers went also to protect their sister. This was agreed upon.

The evening before departure was such a night that the atmosphere appeared alive; the stars were clear and the moon had not risen. A night when the departed reunite with those on the earth, whispering of mysteries revealed and telling future changes. Aza, the ancient of the Island, shook his head and said,“The stars are speaking.”

A deadly peril was drawing nearer and nearer to those primitive people, a cruel fate of tragic unhappiness would shortly completely engulf them, but who could possibly imagine it in this warm lazy atmosphere with the perfume of flowers drifting round them. Mirth and laughter sounded from the beaches where the maidens were weaving garlands for the departure of the canoe.

Then much shouting attracted their attention, and looking out to sea, they saw a light swinging on the ocean, too low for a star, and likewise too red a glow.

Thus did the Peruvian slave-ship come to Pylstaart. Needless to say the canoe did not start at dawn with the bride and her groom, nor did it start at sunset.

The men of Pylstaart alone awaited the whale-boat as it grated on the beach; the women were hidden in the hills. But such happy men, rough, but so kindly, with many gifts, what harm could befall their women? So Mau gave the signal for the women to return and (Continued on Page 81) 79 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

For the Adventurous, Strictly—

Exploring Mboli Caves

EXPLORING hitherto untouched limestone caves in a tropical jungle is too eerie an experience for most people. Heaven knows what might be inside; but anything, from pixies to dinosaurs, is possible.

However, on April 25, 1954, a party from the MV Malaita, then in Solomon Islands waters, discounted the possibilities, negotiated the forbidding entrance and entered a vast system of caves at Mboli Passage.

They were led by Captain Brett Hilder, who has a passion for odd places, and who had been taking his ship to this spot for some years to take on water.

Mboli, or Port Purvis, is the only place in BSIP where ships may take on fresh water. One of the photographs here shows the 3,000-tons Malaita with her stern made fast to trees ashore while this job goes on. The pipe-line comes from a cave 200 feet up the side of the jungle-clad mountain, and was put in by the. Americans in 1943.

The rest of the story is supplied by Captain Hilder, and the photographs were taken by him on a number of visits to the caves—the last on Christmas Eve, 1954. ☆ THE water cave is a dark crack in the cliff, always full of water and contains the head of the pipe-line. Beyond it lies a wonderful series of limestone caves which rival Jenolan, in NSW but which were not discovered until Anzac Day, 1954. The entrance is forbidding, and taking torches for light, the explorer must first swim into a mass of stalactites for 20 yards.

Still swimming, he will emerge into the Snake Cave, where two exciting meetings with snakes led to a hunt for them on Christmas Eve, 1954. After some wild fighting in the stalactites, in the air, and I the water, two 5-ft Olive Pythor were captured, deadened, tied t sticks and carried in triumph t the ship. They guard the entranc no longer, and the caves may no' become more popular with visitors From the Snake Cave it is pos At left. Snake Cave. Above, “TI[?] Throne of Solomon”. (Gentleman wi[?] beard is NOT Solomon; that is Cap[?] Hilder).

"Malaita” taking on water at Port Parvis. 80 February, less pacific islands monthly

tiake food and Kava for their nests.

Then must all go on this great anoe and see the lovely gifts, glitsrmg beads, gay silks, kegs of beef n biscuits. “Ship ahoy, boat!” ailed the captain, and more boats ame.

The Islanders were sent down in- ) the hold to pick out anything icy desired. Then the captain ited. On went the hatches; up ime the anchor—and away. \NLY one person was left, on / Pylstaart and that was Aza . , wh o crept in the bush; he did trust the white men whose eyes oked one thing, and whose gesires sP° ke another. Besides, the ars had whispered.

Aza being old, fell asleep easily, id when he awoke the sun was ttmg. He went in search of his ople; no one answered his calls. ; ?at dejectedly on the beach to ?ait them. his head after meditation, his horror he saw far out at sea e slaveship. With frenzy he arched the beaches, all was silent, i he loved and belonged to, had ffL s f^ len , ruthlessly by those 10m they trusted. He bowed his ad and wept. Night fell, Aza looked into a sky free of clouds, the stars seemed to burn from the clear vault with a hard, cruel stare- Aza drew his old bent fingers through his grey hair and in prophetical intonation chanted “Yes a great wind shall follow, and rain’ ram, rain.”

To this day, Pylstaart is marked on the map, “Uninhabited.” sible to walk and wade hundreds of yards before having to swim again, in a series of deep little pools like pot holes, but having sharp ridges between, which are ornamented with waterfalls of crystal waters.

The walls of the caves have been carved out of solid limestone, by the stream which collects in a hidden valley beyond, and has been cutting its way through the heart of the mountain for thousands of years. The coral reefs which form the limestone are about 10,000 years old. The caves are decorated by many different forms of dripstone formations, just like Jenolan, and suggest medieval cathedrals.

Above the high marble walls extend beautiful architectural formations up to 50 and 60 feet overhead. Storied wedding cakes, palaces, minarets, temples and stage effects are mostly white but occasionally masses of reds, browns and ochres. There is also a rare patch of black stalagmites, looking as though molten pitch had been poured over them.

In one of the largest caverns, ibout 70 feet high, is a magnificent Jisplay which we called the Throne )f Solomon, after the original )wner of the Solomon Islands. The Uirone is a high altar flanked with ;ich velvet tapestries, stalagmites or candles, stalactites for chanleliers, and the babbling brook and waterfalls making music in the orchestral pits below. The decor overhead is fluted in red and white.

After taking some hours to penetrate the bowels of the earth, and return again to the Water Cave, one sees again the strange light of the outside world, not real daylight, but the twilight of the jungle which helps to hide the approach to the caves.

All the local natives and quite a few Europeans are scared of these caves, but none who have visited them would have missed the experience.

More Pacific Books Coming Up PUBLISHERS Peter Davies and William Heinemann are both publishing books about the Pacific shortly.

From Peter Davies will come “Towards Tahiti,” by W. I. B.

Crealock, a member of the crew of Arthur Rogers (the boat with six girls in its crew—PlM has published quite a lot about it in the last year).

The story evidently covers that part of the voyage up to Tahiti. If the writing is as good as the illustrations—some of which we have seen—it should be worth reading.

Heinemann soon will publish a book called “Friendly Queen ” about Queen Salote of Tonga. It is by Hector MacQuarrie.

If you don’t know MacQuarrie, there are numerous people in the SW Pacific who do. He is apparently something of a literary opportunist—during the Pacific War when anything about the Pacific was in demand by publishers, and when Vouza of the Solomons was receiving much publicity for his work for the Allies, MacQuarrie wrote a book called “Vouza.” It was interesting enough—but it contained a lot more about Hector than about Vouza.

MacQuarrie apparently came out to the Pacific as ADC to a Fiji Governor. When the Governor retired, no one seemed to know what to do with MacQuarrie, so he was sent off to the BSIP as a District Officer. ff Mr. H. H. Hickling, who recently relinquished the position of Education Officer, Cook Islands, is now engaged in New Zealand in writing text book material for Cook Islands schools. Mr. Hickling retires this y®?. r after 22 years teaching in Fiji, the Cook Islands, and Niue.

ITie principal research officer of the Land Research Section at the CSIRO, Dr. E. Phillis, left Canberra on January 8 for Lae, New Guinea, where he will join a South Pacific Commission team which is conducting a grassland survey of the Pacific Islands. Dr. Phillis will be away for about two months, visiting Dutch New Guinea, Papua, New Guinea, Fiji and New Caledonia.

The entrance—through the water cave. ‘CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY_F E B R U A R Y , 1955 No One Home on Pylstaart (Continued from Page 79)

Day’S Work For

A VOLCANOLOGIST

By V. H. Friedlander

WE left the DCA Marine base in the crash boat at 8.30 a.m.

On board were John Best, the vulcanologist; his native assistant, Leslie Topue; the skipper, Jim Ferguson; two native crew members, and myself.

We threaded our way between some small craft and past the wreck of the Naruta, heading in the direction of the Beehives, two precipitous rocky protuberances rising sheer out of the harbour, the taller of them over 160 feet above the water, the lower about half its height.

“I don’t know,” said John, “how the tale started, but many people believe that the Beehives came up during the ’37 eruption. They were in existence as far back as we know.”

I was learning things.

Fifteen minutes later, we anchored 25 yards oflshore, at the foot of Vulcan, in a tiny inlet. John, Leslie Topue, and I were rowed ashore in the dinghy we had towed behind.

We walked inland over crunchy, loosely packed soil strewn with fawncoloured pumice, and John gave me a few facts about Vulcan.

“The initial eruption in 1937 occurred in this area,” he said. “It began on a Saturday afternoon, and it was not till Sunday that Matupi went into action. Vulcan, as we know it now, was non-existent then.

What had been a small island, separated by several hundred yards from the mainland, built itself up across the water till it formed a peninsula.

“The mountain is rapidly eroding.

When it was first built up, its peak was 760 feet high. Now it is 540 feet. The earth washed down by the rains formed the beach we’re walking on now. A couple of years ago there was a wrecked Jap coastal boat at the head of this inlet with part of its rigging and upper structure showing. Now it’s completely covered over.”

We halted about 150 yards inland, beside a small open pipe leading down into the ground. Leslie Topue lowered a thermometer on the end of a line into the vent, which was about three feet deep and reached a spring running underground from the higher slope.

Leslie Topue was awarded the BEM for his work in the Mount Lamington area after the eruption there. One of his jobs then had been to move, every half hour, the revolving drum on the machine recording the tremors. Tremors were so frequent that, had the roll not been moved by hand at intervals, the needle recordings would have overlapped and been impossible to read. Toque carried out that job for a month, without ever missing a half-hourly change. John Best described him as the “most reliable and versatile native assistant I have ever had.”

The temperature in the vent was 471 degrees Centigrade . . . equivalent to 118 degrees Fahrenheit.

“That’s normal,” said John. “It gives us an indication of how things are further up the hill. Saves us walking to the top every time. We do make at least one check every month inside the crater.”

We looked up the steep, foliagecovered rise, I was glad there was no need to make the climb to the top.

“I’d rather walk up Matupi ten times than up Vulcan once,” John said. “Quite apart from the climb, its crater is twice as hard to get into and out of. Incidentally, the wasn’t a blade of grass on Vulc£ ten years ago. In years to con when the soil has packed down, tt ground will be unbelievably fertile He picked up a smooth piece pumice as we walked back to t] boat; “It always amuses me, whi I’m down South, to see Chemis shops selling this stuff at sixpen apiece,” he said.

WE have frequently stated in PI that a great many present-d; residents of New Guinea b lieve that history began there 1945. In a note accompanying th article, the author says: “Me people think Matupi was the on erupting volcano in 1937; scarce any mention is ever made of Vu can.”

This is understandable, perhajj because Matupi is still witho' vegetation, still throws off clou, and sulphur fumes; while Vulcs is quiescent, and innocently clothi in green.

However, it was Vulcan whit started the fuss in 1937—befa which is was equally innocent-loo' ing, but an island. It has be* recorded that Vulcan Island and ti Beehives came up during the la eruption of the Mother, in 18"

During the 1937 eruption, the Be: hives subsided a little.

We have it on good authority thi Vulcan did have a blade of grass years ago. Mr. Gordon Thoms who spent 3 years in Rabaul as prisoner of the Japs, says that was barren in 1942 but when thj emerged from internment in 19* Vulvan had grown a green mant: When the eruption occurred 1937, W. R. Carpenter and Co. hi a slipway on Vulcan. A small sh was on the slip when Vulcan we: up and when the eruption w finished the ship was about quarter mile from the sea. T; rights to salvage her went to a Jaj anese or Chinese company and gang of coolies attempted to c the ship out with nothing much the way of equipment but can carrying baskets.

They had given up the job in IS but the ship remained. It is pro; ably this ship which Mr. Best refe to as a “Jap coastal vessel at t; head of the inlet.”

As we were travelling across t: harbour towards Matupi, JoL startled me with another item of ii formation. “Matupi isn’t Matui The correct name is Tavurvur (pn nounced Ta-wuy-wuy,” he said. “B referred to all over the world Matupi, but Matupi is, correcti where Matupi Village is, on Matu Island.”

Matupi, as we approached close with the lower lip of the crat etched against the upper lip in ti background, looked to be an eas Photo; C. H. Meen.

Matupi from the harbour. 82 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH Li

climb. The brown landscape was polka-dotted with patches of kunai, which have come into being only in the last two years.

The foreshores here, as we stepped out of the dinghy, were covered with small brown pebbles of scoria, quite unlike the off-white jebbles near Vulcan. The ground it the base was firm and welljacked.

Jim Ferguson, the skipper, had jome ashore with us. John Best ed the way, I followed, and Jim yas next in line. Leslie Topue was left to check temperatures in a gully near the bottom before following us to the top.

We followed a rocky trail rising steeply in a rough semi-circle. The stones were like the blue metal used for road making in Australia, hard and heavy. Occasionally, we skirted large, black rocks up to four feet in diameter, with smooth edges.

These had been flung out during eruptions, in a semi-plastic state.

Many of them, in cooling, had split into several smaller pieces.

About fifteen minutes from the beach and 200 feet up we passed a small crater, on our right. This was a small steam explosion crater, a minor blow-out during the 1937 eruption.

The track curved left till we topped the ridge of the lower main crater lip, 350 feet above sea level. Before us, some 200 feet down, were three craters, each separated from the other by low ridges. They formed a rough circle some 500 yards in diameter.

On the far side, the crater lip was over 700 ft high.

Large and small jets of sulphur fumes escaped from holes in the sides of and at the bottom of the crater. Yellow outcrops and patches of sulphur deposits coloured the inside of this giant melting pot.

We halted at a peg driven into the ground, which had one end of a slim rope tied around it.

John attached a stone to the other end and flung it far into the abyss.

The rope snaked down the steep drop.

“W h a t’s the breaking strain of the rope?” I asked.

“I’m not too sure,” John said, and there was no smile on his face.

“It’d be getting a bit rotten now.”

Grasping it, he slid over the rim.

Going down was easier than I had thought it would be. The rope helped a lot. The crater side was fairly firm and the greatest hazard was the risk of resting one’s hand on or close to one of the numerous small and almost imperceptible blowouts, around which the ground was always scorching hot.

At the bottom, we found ourselves in the largest, the 1937, crater. Here, surrounded by the steep sides, there was no breeze, the sun seemed more concentrated, and the sulphur fumes more nauseating.

There was no vegetation here. Soil, washed down from the sides, had silted over the area to form a small level plain, soft and slightly boggy We found this to be the case with the other craters as well.

Across the flat, we climbed the dividing ridge of crumbly, ashcoloured pumice into which our shoes bit deeply.

At the top, we found, on our right, the crater from the 1941 eruption, smaller than the first but larger than the crater on our left, which, John told us was believed to be due to an eruption in 1943, during the Japanese occupation of Rabaul. And, on the facing wall, beside the smallest crater was a massive, 30-ft thick, 100-ft tall pillar of solid rock that was the core, or as John called it, the plug of the volcano.

Leslie Topue moved about the three craters taking temperatures from natural fissures in the ground, and recording them in a book.

All the temperatures were around the 100 deg. centigrade mark, with the exception of two which were slightly lower.

“Quite normal,” was John’s comment.

I gathered a lump of pure sulphur as a souvenir, and we returned the way we had come, to the crater lip.

It was good to breathe fresh air again.

On the way back, I diverted to the 1878 crater which is close to but above the craters we had already inspected. The major portion of this crater has filled in through the years. It is now a shallow depression some 20 feet deep and 200 yards across, bare of growth of any sort.

Lunch on board, and then we visited seven points over a two-mile stretch of beach, travelling towards Rabaul, at which temperatures were taken. All points checked, and with the dinghy bouncing in our wash, we headed for home.

“I’ve been doing this every week for three years except when on leave or working away from Rabaul,” said John. “To-morrow we check Rabalanakai, Rapindik, Sulphur Springs, and Sulphur Creek. Care to come along again?”

Unfortunately, I couldn’t spare the time. I had to write this article. (Who said vulcanologists earned their money the easy way?) Old photos showing Vulcan, before, during and after the 1937 eruption. 83 ' I F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

This Month's New Reading

Reviews By Judy Tudor

Tonga’S Royal Visit

THE last of the Royal Visit books, and possibly the most entertaining, because, like the Visit itself, it is not as official as those which went before it. Written by Mr. K. R. Bain, secretary to the Government of Tonga, and with a foreword by Queen Salote.

A happy book. The one—we suspect—that will become the bestseller among the Visit books.

Although this is described as the “official record,” Mr. Bain has somehow or other, managed to create a kind of between-friends, all-in-the-family atmosphere about this book.

Much of its charm is in the way Queen Salote has been introduced, telling in her own words some snippet of Tongan tradition and custom; or of how she planned this or that for her Royal visitors.

The book tells, too, the reason behind Queen Salote’s now famous drive in the rain on Queen Elizabeth’s Coronation Day. As will be remembered, Queen Salote, on that occasion, refused to have the hood of her carriage raised but sat in the wet, smiling and waving, much to the delight of Londoners.

“Reaction in Tonga to the Sovereign’s drive . . . had been more composed than the Coronation crowds who acclaimed the Queen of Tonga,” writes Bain. “Although Queen Salote’s decision not to cover the carriage was in keeping with the human touch which lends such distinction to her personality, the principal reason for her action, I was told, was derived from ancient Tongan custom. It can be put like this: Should a commoner be walking with a person of high rank when the tropical rain invades the lush greenery of the Polynesian scene, and should the noble put up an umbrella to shield himself from the deluge, his companion may not properly follow suit; to do so would be to put himself upsides with his betters.

“Translate this custom to the Coronation scene. Her Majesty was travelling in a closed coach, well shielded from the rain. Accordingly, rain or no rain, the Queen of Tonga declined to have her own carriage covered. Unsuspected as it was by the thousands who acclaimed her, Queen Salote’s action was in fact an expression of Royal Tongan humility in the heart of London...

“One afternoon at her Majesty’s Palace in Nukualofa, I remembered . . . and asked whether the information I had been given was correct.

“ ‘Yes,’ she said, ‘it is true. Though I was in London, I still felt and thought as a Tongan and in our custom I would never cover my carriage in a procession with Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth 11, no matter how wet and cold it might be. You see, in the Tongan way, no one may draw attention to himself or make a disturbance in the presence of a personage of higher rank.’ ”

Royal Visit to Tonga covers the peried from the Coronation until the last farewell was waved at the passage entrance to Nukualofa harbour. There are many side excursions into Tongan custom and numerous splendid black and white illustrations—many of them from Rob Wright, of the Fiji Public Relations Office. A Tongan edition will be published shortly. (Published by Pitkin Pictorials, Ltd., 9 John St., Holborn, London, WCI. Price in Sterling, 9/6.)

How To Do It—

By Esquire

IF you don’t know how to treat your secretary; or your wife; or your tennis partner; or don’t know what to wear to Mrs. Boss’ bun-fight, Esquire Etiquette” will tell you. Presented in the sophisticated Esquire manner, it might not be a bad thing to make it required reading for every male over the age of 18.

Written for American digestion, i will do equally well in Colonia society (you’ll need another book i you circulate in Court circles, c course).

There will be some minor adjust ments—in the matter of seeking job, for instance. Says Etiquette.

“As a first job-seeker you just don' care about money, because Oppor tunity and the Future are so mud more important.” Well, Esq., in thi land where office-boys interview you, instead of the other way abou and then pick the biggest financis plum, you couldn’t be more wrong.

There are other things in th “business” section of this book tha lead us to the conclusion that th matter of a job in the United State is still regarded as an achievemer rather than as an unfortunate am to 5 pm formality that is neces sary in order to collect the ol cheque for the Little Woman o Fridays.

As well as telling you how t make good with the boss, you wi be instructed how best to treat yot golf partner (when, maybe, yc would rather hit him over the sku with a No. 2 iron); how you shoul behave as a host, as a guest, i your own wedding; what is require of you in the matter of divorc What is more, it tells you when yc should keep your big mouth shuteither in eating or in conversatic Crossquiz is on page 65 this issu* —and brother, that last is surei something.

You know the lot? Don’t need ii We take leave to doubt thatfine present for a 21st birthday. C for Dear Papa on his fortiethjust when he is entering the pomj ous or overbearing stage. Threi fifty pages of good advice —ar amusing reading—that should s; the normal male through from tl cradle to the grave. (Published in Australia by Angus ai Robertson. Australian price, 25/-.)

A Record Of

TWO SHU THE prodigious amount of wo> that has gone into the constru i tion of this book mill astout land-lubbery readers. As a coi tribution to literature about shij ; it is likely to be appreciated ma by sailors of the old school than i the moderns who have fuel oil rath than salt-water in their veins.

Windjammers Significant, by Ferrell Colton, is a very large bot' containing 300 pages, 188 illustr tions and 19 detailed plans of shii —including the two about which tl book is written, the square riggi sister ships Cidade Do Porto Tango ex Mary Dollar ex Han and Moshulu ex Dreadnaught Kurt.

The ships were built by Wf 84 FEBRUARY. 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Hamilton and Co., of Glasgow, fo the German firm of Siemers an Co. Both were completed in 19C and engaged in the Chilean nitrat trade. According to the authoi these were the best square-rigge ships ever built. Each since he launching has sailed under four dil ferent flags, and several name Hans was dismasted and ended f career in 1948; Kurt, as Moshul registered in Finland, was still i commission at the time the boc was written.

In tracing every hour of the his tory of these two ships, the authc tells something also of dozens * other sailing ships of the fir quarter of this century. No boc about ships (or anything else) hs ever been written with more meticui ous detail.

If you are a collector, you wi be interested to know that Wine jammers Significant has bee printed in an edition limited to 1,00 and that each book is numbere Cost is 10 dollars per copy; obtaii able from J. F. Colton and Co., P Box 1121, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA A few copies of the authoi earlier book, Last of the Squar Rigged Ships (published by Pui nam’s), are also available from tl same source at 7.50 dollars each.

War Without Weapon

Described as a “plea for « dividualism” —and possibly th\ is what the heroine attained although it could be said with eqw truth that her prize was the rig\ to lead an entirely negative exi& ence.

In this over-booked world, tl great bulk of novels must inevitata be mediocre, and this one, New Carry the Donkey, by Catherii Dee, scarcely rises above that lev* It promises well enough in tl first section when the narrative unfolded through the eyes of Unc Francis. But in the second, whei the story is told by Julie Randaj the picture she presents of herse accords ill with that indicated 1 her uncle.

One naturally assumes that fight for freedom —in this cas freedom from family dominatic tradition and expectations—will r quire some positive and vigoroi action, with an equally positive r suit at the end of it. However, tl freedom of the individual can all include freedom to live like a j ell J fish, if one so desires, and this the freedom aimed at by Julie, one can judge by the story, si achieved it in full measure.

Julie’s existence was the result a queer accident of parenthood; he family were somewhat overbear!:, characters of the merchant prin' type; so perhaps it is not surpri ing that Julie’s struggle after i:i dividuality should take the form passive resistance. Nonetheless, whi she finally falls in love with s 86 FEBRUARY, 1855 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Cables: ROBERGILL 54a Pitf Street, Sydney G.P.O. Box 7011 Army deserter whose own particular blow for freedom consisted of living like a squirrel in a deserted hut, the whole thing takes on a degree of anticlimax that leaves the reader with a feeling of acute frustration.

Nonetheless, the characterisation is good; the book competently written. The reader must decide for himself whether the slender idea upon which the story is built, is sufficient to carry a full-length novel. 1 (Published by Peter Davies, Ltd. Australian price, 13/3.)

Science—For You

AN extraordinarily comprehensive collection of scientific knowledge brought together in a form easily understood by the intelligent layman who wants to know more about the wonders of our universe.

The editors of A Treasury of Science are Harlow Shapley, Samuel Rapport and Helen Wright.

The present edition is the third — and has been brought up to date with articles on nuclear fission, mechanical “brains,” interplanetary flight and kindred subjects much discussed to-day.

The editors winnowed through hundreds of volumes of scientific literature in order to select the 80idd contributions that the volume jontains.

Men and women of science, from Copernicus and Galileo Galilei to Sir Alexander Fleming, are represented. Julian Huxley, Einstein, Haldane, Sir James Jeans, Darwin, Curie are only a few of those who write about their own particular branch of learning.

The volume covers every aspect of science—the universe and the earth, matter, energy and physical law; life, evolution, the human body and the human mind; medicine and the conquest of disease; and science and the future.

Not perhaps for academic snobs who consider a potted education of any variety worse than no education at all—but for most of us who are interested in the wonders which have been unlocked by science but who have not had the opportunity to devote a lifetime to the study of any particular branch of it. An important and fascinating book. (Published in Australia by Angus and Robertson, Ltd. Australian price, 25/-.) If Mr. A. C. O’Reilly, who was formerly Secretary of W. R. Carpenter and Co. (Fiji) Ltd., has been appointed manager. 87 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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'■ S. Tait £r Co. Pty. Ltd., ith over 60 years" experience Jaling with the requirements the South Sea Islands, buy id sell your goods at the best ices! m* 4 Established in 1890, W. S. Tait Cr Co. Pty. Ltd. have built their name on honest trading as General Importers, Exporters, Indent, Buying and Selling Agents.

Their Textile Department specialises in Cottons and Rayons of attractive Island designs.

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Samoan Woman's High Record of Service IMRS. Arieta Mulitauaopele, of LtJL Lauli’i, American Samoa, entered active politics in 1954 ind competed successfully for a seat n the House of Representatives.

Vhen the Legislature meets in January, Mrs. M. will be the only roman in the house.

She has been a nurse for 10 years nd holds a position of authority at the hospital on the island of Tutuila. Her husband (a high Talking Chief) is Chief-of-Police on the island, and the couple have two daughters and a son. The latter was born a little over a week after Mrs. M. won her first political venture.

II Mr. G. K. Roth, Secretary for Fijian Affairs, and Mrs. Roth recently returned to the Colony from leave. 1i Miss Regina Saunders, who was born in Suva, has completed the degree of Bachelor of Home Science at Otago University and also won the Archerfield Prize. Miss Saunders is the daughter of Mrs. Dorothy Saunders, formerly of Suva, and niece of Mrs. Blanche Watson, daughters of the late Samuel Moody Browne, and Mrs. C. A. Browne, of Suva Point.

Ship Travellers to Papua-New Guinea Bound for , New Guine a Per January “Bulolo” from Sydney were: Brother [?]mphreys and (extreme right) Brother Ha yes to join the teaching staff at Vuvu [?]tholic Mission station near Rabaul; Mr. Dummond Thomson, managing director Buka Plantations, Ltd., Rabaul; and Mr. Geoffrey Bliss, manager of New Guinea tales Pty., Ltd., Madang. 89 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—FEBRUARY. 1955

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Passengers Long Wait To Land ot Apia VERY bad weather forced the MV Matua to cruise up and down outside the reef for two days at Apia, Western Samoa, in the New Year. Matua arrived on December 31. late afternoon, and before her arrival the weather which had been fair during Christmas changed into a continuous succession of squalls, torrential rains and strong northwesterly winds.

Owing to the rapid drop of the barometer, the Matua had to leave Apia harbour.

After two days, passengers and freezer cargo were landed but owing to the continuous rough seas, the Matua had to take part of the general cargo back to New Zealand, and of the 14,000 cases of bananas ready for shipment, only 8,500 cases could be shipped.

The balance left behind were sold at Apia at the bargain price of 6d. a case.

H Mr. A. E. Beddows, of Suva, has retired after 40 years’ service with the Government of Fiji. Mr.

Beddows joined the service as a junior clerk in the Posts and Telegraphs Department and on his retirement was Accountant, acting on a number of occasions as Assistant Postmaster-General. For a long period, including the difficult war years, he was Postmaster, Suva.

If Mr. Francis Faddy, a son of the late Mr. Frank Faddy, of Fiji (who was a member of the Fiji Contingent in World War I and gained the MC and Bar), has become a citizen of the United States. Naturalisation ceremonies were held in Lockwood, Ohio, on November 11, 1954, when he took the Oath of Allegiance to his new country. He was born in Suva, and went to the USA with his mother, who has since marri* again, when he was 16. He is nc married and has a small son boi while he was serving in the t Army at Okinawa, If Mr. F, W. Smith, formerly Go ernment Printer, Fiji, and now Go ernment Printer in British Hondurs received the OBE in the New Ye; Honours. 90 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH X

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rHE South Pacific Commission has recently published ? ?

Technical papers and pamphlets.

Che following is a summary of the jubjects covered (the publications :an all be purchased from Noumea Jeadquarters or Sydney offices of he SPC) : POOD habits are changing bat the Samoan people still prefer local foods »r the main part of their diet, accordig to Miss Sheila Malcolm in her SPC schnical paper "Diet and Nutrition in merican Samoa”. Nevertheless, the proaction of local foods is now insufficient > provide adequate diet for all the inabitants, so foods must be imported.

Miss Malcolm gathered material for her iper when she visited American Samoa r several months in 1952. At the request ' the American Administration she instigated mainly the diet and nutritional ndition of infants and young children, sr paper presents clearly, and in detail, imerous facts and ideas on children’s et and nutrition, growth and developsnt of infants, and the availability and e of foods—both local and imported. j'ROM an extensive survey of dental conditions of Samoan school children, Raymond G, Neubarth, Chief of tntistry in American Samoa, concludes bat there exists a definite correlation tween dental caries and civilisation”. (Vhen compared with the dietary and tritional findings of Miss Sheila ilcolm, the doctor’s report (SPC chnical Paper No. 64, published by the mmission in August, 1954) suggests that ! change in food habits of the people isequent upon their contact with Euroms is probably the most important tor which affects their dental condition. )r. Neubarth thinks that a return by indigenous populations to the eating (its of more isolated communities would now be practicable; nor would it tie clreck the high incidence of dental ay among island peoples.

Ie feels that in the Pago Pago Bay a, conditions are particularly suitable testing the effect of fluorination of “king water on prevention of dental ies. This method has given encouragresults in several other places.

ILARIASIS, and its preventable but incurable sequel, Elephantiasis, is :ussed in two SPC technical papers. !, an Annotated Bibliography of the sases, was compiled by the Health tion of the South Pacific Commission i the assistance of several experts on iquito-borne diseases—notably Dr. M.

T. Iyengar. The second, entitled stribution of Filariasis in the South ific Region”, was prepared by Dr. igar himself. If collates the findings nany investigations carried out in the th Pacific territories, and, in the tor’s own words, gives a bird’s-eye r the different aspects of filariasis.

The brochure is divided into four parts: • Distribution and incidence of microfilarial infection in the South Pacific region; • Distribution and incidence of elephantiasis; • Distribution of the periodic and the non-periodic forms of “Wuchereria bancrofti”: • The vectors of filarial infection. r 1 ’'HERE is no heavy focus of leprosy on the island of Tutnila, American Samoa, and on the whole it appears to be decreasing. An adequate programme of diagnosis and treatment should be effective in controlling the disease within a reasonable time.

This is the opinion of Dr. Norman R.

Sloan who recently completed a threeweeks’ survey on the island. His report (SPC Technical Paper No. 62), published in July, 1954, by the South Pacific Commission, discusses the incidence of leprosy among local inhabitants and makes several recommendations for its treatment and ultimate control.

Dr. Sloan undertook a similar survey in Western Samoa and the Cook Islands in October, 1954. His report (SPC Technical Paper No. 69), which is similar in context to that prepared in American Samoa, suggests that the programme of diagnosis and treatment now under way will bring the disease under control within a reasonable time.

A SURVEY of malaria and of ecological conditions in the Torres Strait 91 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-FEBRUARY. 1955

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Pacific Islands

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Cables: “BERBL”, Sydney. • Automatic V' * % islands was carried out between 1949 and 1953 by Mrs. Josephine Mackerass and Miss Dorothea F. Sandars. Their report, entitled “Malaria in the Torres Strait Islands”, published by the Commission in July, 1954, determines accurately the extent of the disease in the survey area.

It states that the eastern islands, with one or two exceptions, were found to be normally free of malaria. In the western islands, a few cases of malignant tertian malaria was found on Boigu and Dauan close to the New Guinea coast. No malaria was found in Australian natives in settlements on the mainland near Cape York, and there is no evidence that malaria is now endemic anywhere on the mainland of Australia, it adds.

DURING a survey of eye diseases undertaken in the US Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands in mid-1953, the investigators found that the inhabitants of every district visited were very anxious for eye medical care. The survey was conducted by Dr. Howard E. Crawford, »f Hilo, Hawaii, Miss Grace C. Hamman, MA, of Hawaii, and Isaac Lanwi, Medical Practitioner. The doctors’ consolidated report was submitted to the South Pacific Commission under its research project on Ophthalmology. It was pnbished in March, 1954, under the title of ‘Ophthalmological Survey of the Trust ferritory of the Pacific Islands”.

The South Pacific Commission also published in 1953-54 several technical tapers on Islands commerce, agriculture, ndustries. social science and native mlture.

The “Pacific Islander and Modern Commerce”, by Mr. Mr. V. D. Stace, is a detailed examination of commercial credit facilities and other forms of financial assistance for Pacific Island people. Field invesigations were carried out in 1953 in Fiji, American and Western Samoa, Papua and New Guinea, including New Britain and New Ireland, Netherlands New Guinea and New Caledonia.

“Cocoa Plantation Management in Western Samoa”, by Mr. D. R. A. Eden and Mr. W. L. Edwards is a description of management practices, the technique of processing the cocoa beans and the accounting procedures developed on the Reparation Estates cocoa plantation. The paper was prepared in May, 1953, at the time of Mr. D. H. Urquhart’s study of the cocoa industry in various Pacific Island territories on behalf of the South Pacific Commission.

The “Management of Coconut Plantations in Western Samoa”, a particularly valuable paper by Mr. D. R. A. Eden, deals extensively with all those problems with which plantation managers or supervisors are faced. The pamphlet is illustrated and special attention is drawn to the collecting and transport of coconuts, the New Zealand Reparation Estates standard kiln (of which company Mr.

Eden is general manager), and his description of the raising of cattle on coconut estates.

“Grading of Fresh Fruit Exports from South Pacific Territories” contains all the information assembled by the Commission during its project on the grading of fruit and vegetables. The project was undertaken to consider the desirability and practicability of establishing, for agricultural products of the region, uniform grading standards and practices which are satisfactory to buyers and within the capacity of island producers.

“The Reclamation of Tidal Mud Fiats in Tonga” is a pamphlet describing the actual reclamation work carried out on approximately 1,000 acres of tidal sand flat on Tongatapu, the main island of the Tonga group. It is written by the Head of the Department of Agriculture (Mr. W. Straatmans) at Nuku’alofa, Tonga.

In the Social and Cultural field, the Commission has published “Social Science Research in the Pacific Islands”, by the SPC Social Development Section, “The Social and Cultural Position of Micronesian Minorities on Guam”, by Mr. R.

R. Solenberger, “A Bibliography of Cooperation in the South Pacific” (Revised Edition), and “The Koror Community 93 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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Centre”, compiled from renorts supplied by the High Commissioner, Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.

A handbook entitled “The Construction of Literacy Primers for Adults”, by Dr.

K. Neijs, was also published in April, 1954. The handbook is designed to assist education officers and mission teachers, who must often make their own teaching materials in the local languages.

Suva’s Dry Season Was Twice as Wet FIJI Meterological Office, summarising weather conditions in 1954, reports that it was the fifth wettest year on record as far as Suva was concerned. Notable was the dampness of the so-called dry season, the rainfall for the May to October period reaching 71.46 inches as compared with the average of 48.60 inches.

The Suva maximum temperature of 94.5 degrees was the highest reached since 1949. Generally, the year was somewhat above average in warmth, with averages for September and December about 2 degrees above normal.

U Mr. Vivian Hides —one of the well known Hides family of Papua and now a resident of Sydney, has been severely ill for several months and now is receiving specialist attention. fl Mr. Syd Saville, for the past three years Agricultural Teacher at the Gosford (NSW) High School, recently resigned from the Department of Education to take a position with the Commonwealth Department of Agriculture in P-NG.

He has been appointed Agricultural Extension Officer and is under contract for two years. After this period he will be given th:. months’ leave and the option of : turning to New Guinea. Mr. Savi left for Port Moresby on January U Mr. Selwyn Jones, of the Treasu Nukualofa, and Mrs. Jones, : turned to Tonga in February af: furlough in Australia and Ni Zealand. 94 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH II

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Sew Hebrides Condominium

Presents A Dismal Picture

What is to be the future of the New Hebrides? . . . Neither Britain nor France, who administer it as a Condominium, will surrender its share to the other. . . . Australia, legal owner of some 100,000 good acres there, apparently will take no administrative authority in partnership with France —although Australia is so close to the group that the economy there is pre-dominantly Australian. . . .

New Hebrides is the fourth largest territory (5,700 square miles) in the South Pacific, and capable of carrying a very much larger European and native population. But, like the British-controlled Solomon Islands (14,000 square miles) it is a Cinderella country, without present development or future hope. i USTRALIA’S interest in the New L Hebrides originated through the sandalwood trade in the irly 1840’s. Australian “blackrders” came next, but their opera- 3ns were slight until 1863-1870.

About the same time, Christian issions became established—not om Australia, but by the late 60’s they were receiving their incipal support from Australia, ■om that time on it was the Presterian Mission—with its strong, e-World War I influence in the istralian political and business ene, its fears of being expelled 3m the Group should the French in the upper hand, and its natully keen desire to continue its )rk unopposed in a field where me of its workers had suffered irtyrdom—which kept alive whater interest Australia maintained these islands.

Because “blackbirding”, arms and ,uor trading, and other malpraces had their adverse effect on ssion work—the natives often king vengeance on the mlssionies for the misdeeds of others— became the primary concern of e Presbyterian Mission to have b islands annexed by Britain or one of the Australian States, in b years between 1840 and 1914. mexation it was felt, would bring system of law enforcement. But * a variety of reasons those ef- 'ts were not successful.

PART from the missions—the l London Missionary Society and the Wesleyan Mission were io there in a small way at that le —some individual Australians d acquired land from the natives the late 1860’s —mainly at Tan- , apparently and at Havannah irbour, on Efate not far from la. The firm of Scott, Render i and Co. owned 1,800 acres at J latter place in 1870 and had a am cotton-gin, and machinery 1 processing coconut fibre. The >h price of cotton occasioned by i American Civil War encouraged ne cotton cultivation, which was ; first use. to which Australianned land in this Group was put. wever, by 1872 the cotton market had collapsed and much of this land was abandoned.

In 1878 the British and French Governments came to an agreement whereby the status quo would be maintained and neither would attempt to annex these islands. At that time there were more Australians than French there, though the numbers were small.

The Presbyterian Mission continued however, to press for annexation and the matter was kept very much before the Australian public by several politicians who were strong supporters of the Mission.

In 1885 France, seeking new areas for convict colonies, or settlement of discharged convicts, offered Rapa Island, southernmost outlier of 95 ICI F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY-P E B R U A R Y , 1955

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NCHOR FLOUR GILLESPIE BROS. PTY. LTD.. ANCHOR FLOUR MILLS. SYDNEY G. 1.17 Ts v*r French Oceania, in exchange for British interests in the New Hebrides. New Zealand was in favour, is Rapa then promised to become in important coaling-station on the •oute from Britain via Cape Horn.

But this suggestion and a later sugjestion of partition, was of course, itrongly opposed by the Presbyerian Mission and its Australian upporters. r BLOWING the landing of French troops at various points in the Group in 1886 “to proect French interests”—and the nmediate outcry from the Presby- “rian Mission that French annexaion appeared imminent—further iscussions took place between ondon and Paris; and in the fol- >wing year an Anglo-French Naval bmmission was set up to maintain iw and order in the islands.

Freed French convicts from bumea were now settling in the ■roup and by 1893, the French aimed that their nationals owned million acres, as compared with 15,000 acres owned by Australian iterests. Almost all of this land, hich had been owned by Scott, enderson & Co. and others, was squired by a company known as le Australasian New Hebrides rnipany in 1889.

The formation of this company by number of very influential Ausalian Presbyterian business men id politicians had, as its primary interest, not commerce, but protection of the Presbyterian Mission in the New Hebrides. It was thought that its formation might force the hand of Britain or one of the Australian States in favour of annexation but this result was not achieved; and in 1893 its interests were purchased by Burns Philp & Co., of Sydney. Mr. (later Sir) James Burns was one of the founders and shareholders of the Australasian New Hebrides Company. He also was a very prominent and active member of the Presbyterian Church.

THE records show that 41,000 acres actually were taken over from ANHC by BF’s. But BP’s seem also to have acquired other lands at the same time, and their holdings were said to -total about 125,000 acres at that time. Only a very small portion of this land was ever worked, and its boundaries were in many cases only vaguely defined, with no clear legal titles.

BP’s then established a Branch in the archipelago at Vila, and operated a regular monthly vessel from Sydney under a New South Wales subsidy. Their trade business there, with both British and French settlers, prospered; but Australia’s prohibitive tariffs against produce from the Islands, and labour laws restricting the employment of non- CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

Etabussements Donald Tahiti

HEAD OFFICE QUAI DU COMMERCE PAPEETE.

Telegraphic Address: “DONALD, PAPEETE.”

General Merchants (Wholesale & Retail) tr Shipowner: Importers & Exporters Branches Throughout the Marquesas Islands ASSOCIATE HOUSES: A. B. Donald, Ltd., Auckland, N.Z.; A. B. Donald, Ltd.

Rarotonga, Cook Is.; Dominion Fruit Co., Suva, Fiji.

Lloyd’s Agents.

Booking and Handling Agents for Tasman Empire Airways, Ltd.

Agents and Distributors for: FRANCE: Hennessy Cognacs; Marie Brizard & Roger Liqueurs; Charles Heidsieck Champagnes: Gruber Beer.

NEW ZEALAND: Vacuum Oil Co. (N.Z.), Ltd., Petroleum Products.

SWEDEN: Hjorth & Co., Primus Stoves; Elektrolux Refrigerators & Motors.

GERMANY: Breckwoldt & Co., Hamburg; Beck’s Beer, Bremen.

Sydney Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO., PHILP CO. OP SAN FRANCISCO. INC.

U.S.A.: General Steamship Corp.

Radio Corp. of America; Brown ’Williamson, Ltd.; Cigarettes; Luck Strike, Wings; Champion Spark Plu Co.; Steelcote Paints & Lacquers Remington Rand Inc, ENGLAND: Reckitt & Colman (Over seas), Ltd.; Hercules Bicycles; Th Bank Line, Ltd.; The Shaw Savill Albion Company, Ltd.

LTD. San Francisco Agents: BURNS London Agents: BURNS, PHILP & CO.

LTD. Agents In France: HARTH & CIE, PARIS; A. BICKART, MARSEILLES Coldstream Refrigerators « EAM N.S.W. Representatives: Refrigerator Installation and Service Co. Pty. Ltd. 8 Bridge Road, Glebe, Sydney.

Cables and Telegrams “Colstrim,” Sydney.

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All enquiries through your Island Trader will receive our prompt attention.

European seamen in vessels owned in Australia, not only prevented any effective development of the New Hebrides land but also placed HP’s shipping operations at a great disadvantage as compared with French vessels.

In 1901, in an attempt to counter the increasing French settlement in the group, HP’s made an important proposition to the newly-established Commonwealth Government. Subject to the Commonwealth taking active measures to settle the land, the Company said it would hand over to the Australian Commonwealth Government its entire land interests in the Group. For an increased shipping subsidy—£6,ooo per annum —it would provide an additional vessel to operate within the Group, and it would also provide free transport from Sydney for all settlers and their families.

The offer was accepted by the Government in 1902, HP’s maintaining administrative control of the land and advertising for settlers on the Government’s behalf. In a short time at least 30 replies had been received from suitable individuals or families, and by late that year a fair number had been settled, mainly on south Santo, near Tangoa and Belsiki. In 1903, it was reported that there were 214 British and 255 French settlers in the New Hebrides.

BUT the British settlement effort faded away. First crops grown by the Australians were maize, bananas, and coffee, but they were kept out of the only available market in Australia. Maize and banana growers in Australia were opposed to the removal of the prohibitive tariffs on produce produced by “cheap black labour.” There were also severe restrictions on the employment of such labour by the settiers —restrictions which did apply to the French settlers.

By 1905 many of the Australi had left or were trying despera, to leave. For some years thereabi Burns Philp and other British terests were trying to buy Fre land, still with the idea of foro the Australian or British Gove ment to annex the Group or to 98 FEBRUARY, 1055 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

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If you have any difficulty in obtaining TILLEY Products, please contact your nearest representative for further information.

A representatives Mr. K. WITHERINGTON, 2 Burns Philp Buildings, SUVA AUSTRALIA & NEW GUINEA: T. H. BENTLEY Pty. LTD. 123-125 William St.. MELBOURNE C. ablish conditions favourable to ettlement. riOR some years after the estab- ? lishment of the Commonwealth in 1901, the Australian Govmment was in frequent communiation with the British Colonial »ffice, trying to induce the British k)vernment to take a strong line > end the confused situation in the ew Hebrides, and establish ;ronger official ties between New :ebrides and Australia.

There were numerous land ownerlip disputes between natives, rench, British, Australians and ;her nationals; a great deal of ilgal trading, and ill-treatment of atives and, finally, a sensational iport that German interests — ten thrusting most aggressively trough the South Pacific Islands — sre negotiating for the purchase land facing Vila harbour. Ausalia appealed on innumerable ocsions for action by Britain, in asciation with Austraila.

But, by what was afterwards rerded as political sharp practice, e British Secretary of State for e Colonies (an inconspicuous pern named Lord Elgin) signed a mvention with France on October , 1906, under which the Condoinium Government was estabhed. The Australian Govern- ;nt did not approve the Convenm and knew nothing of the signy until it was formally advised the fait accompli.

Australia, indignant and disaraged, took a dwindling amount official interest in the new setuntil 1914; and after the end World War I, New Hebrides ght have been Labrador or Timctoo, for all Australia cared out it.

Little progress was made in the ocation of land titles. A Land urt was set up under the juris- ;tion of the Condominium in 1910, t its deliberations were so slow it it seemed it could not deal with j accumulated applications witha hundred years. For years, in >ociation with Burns Philp and “ Presbyterian Mission, the Auslian Government maintained, in rt Vila, a solicitor and a surveyor, guard their land interests; but, ice World War 11, even this safeard has been abandoned, :t is apparent that fundamental ferences between French and itish laws and procedures have ‘vented, and will prevent, the es- )lishment of a workable Land urt.

HERE has been no development of New Hebrides’ natural resources since World War I; : the political, social and econo- : conditions there have been afted by the following: ► French interests and French tlement have increased slightly, ile the British have remained stanary. In 1927 there were 720 French and 200 British there; today, the respective numbers are about 800 and 230. • Durine World War II while the Americans* ese out of the Solomons, the group was a military naval and air base, and the whole population—indigenous and non-indigenous—was affected. • After World War 11, only a skeletonised administration was maintained, and the machinery of Joint Court has scarcely functioned. Nothing has been done in relation to land titles. The Australian Government has ceased to maintain a solicitor there to protect its land interests—in fact, Canberra is exceedingly coy on the subject of its land interests in New Hebrides, and has made no official £ e ar I ? T atter since the end of World War n- • A community of some thousands of Tokinese has become established in New Hebrides, as a result of the breakdown, during the last War, of the repatriation provisions of their labour contracts. They have not solved the labour problem but, instead, they engage in petty industry and trade, and are regarded as a social menace. New Hebrides employers are seeking desperately for labour. 99 iCIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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COOKE BROS. (Q’LD.) PTY., LTD. 464 George St., Brisbane. mnuuefl and (Quality ty/mt FEATURES: artless finger-tip control—full range ility 10 to 60,000 cps + or y 2 db iush button record equalisation— feet plug-in matching to any pick- — built in pre-amp automatic :uit correction—independent filter I filter slope controls—ls watts outthroughout 20 to 20,000 cps—less o- 0-1%. total distortion.

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For Pacific Radio Amateurs

Conducted by Ex ZK-1-AC/VR-2-AK this month there is news of Palmyra and nearby Christmas.

Whether the apparent failure of the almyra tuna fishing will cause the withrawal of KP6AK is not yet known—but is probable that he is the present caredter for the Fullard-Leo family of awaii who own most of the islets of the almyra Group. Otto Hornung, KP6AC, as caretaker since World War 11, until ! became ill several years ago and reirned to Honolulu. His place was taken r a non-Ham, Nikita Astafieff, who deirted several months ago (and arrived Wellington, NZ, in the yacht Vaitamba” in January). A letter to P6AK some time ago has so far brought i reply as to latest developments.

QST reported in November that KP6AK is then maintaining skeds with KH6SL Sundays at 0700 GMT in the 14,220- ,240 section of the 20-metre band.

Whether or not Christmas appears on e radio map seems to depend on how »n South Pacific Airlines are able to mmence their Honolulu-Papeete air ■vice. There is reason to believe it may later than the April target date.

Late January, Phil Palmer, VR3C, reined to his home base on Fanning, after my months on Burns Philn & Co.’s arby Washington Island plantation, so »uld again be heard maintaining his metre phone skeds with VK and KH6 stations. Across the lagoon Ray, VR3A, is very much in evidence and by now should be appearing on 160 metres, the top-band W boys sending him a crystal to provide them with another DX outlet.

We presume that Adrien, FWBAB, probably returned to New Caledonia from Wallis Island when the “Neo Hebridais II” called in January. On last report he was returning to France. Exit another prefix.

Canton Island has lost two Hams— KB6AO, who has transferred to a CAA job at San Francisco, and KB6AY who has gone to Albuquerque, N. Mex.

Remaining active stations—2o metre CW/phone—are KB6AQ and 6BA. The former should have a new 60 ft. high rotary in operation ere this appears. No VR activity is expected in the foreseeable future from that rock.

Down in Pago Pago. Ray, KS6AB, has been absent on leave in the States for some time. We hear that he will be back for another term soon.

Another Cocos TI-9 expedition was supposed to take place in February, W6MHB and another W being the organisers. Previous Cocos appearance was in December 1953 when W6UXX, operating as TI-9-UXX, made a very brief sortie.

KC6AA, writing to “QST”, reports that there are now 20 licensed stations, six active, in the KC6 area. Latest to qualify is KC6ZB on Yap. Two, KC6AF and daughter KC6ZA, have now been transferred to Hawaii. All active stations are on 20 metres, with KC6AA and KC6UZ also on 40 phone (7,100-7,150 kc/s) and planning soon to appear on 80 CW and 75 phone. For speediest QSLs, airmail to KA QSL Bureau, FEARL, P.O. Box 111, APO 500, c/o P.M., San Francisco.

On the subject of QSL Bureaux, the VK 101 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-FEBRUARY, 1955

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The success of this amazing discovery, called VI-STIM, has been so great that it is now being distributed by all chemists here under a guarantee of complete satisfaction or money back.

In other words, VI-STIM must make you feel full of vigour and energy and from 10 to 20 years younger, or return the empty package and get your money back.

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Proprietors: GABRIEL ACHI N' * CO. LTD. Telegrams: “GABRIEL ACHUN,” RABAUL.

Call Book listing—repeated in “QST”— of Ray Holloway, ZK-l-AD, as Cook Islands QSL Manager is clearly in error, as Ray has long since departed. More likely is Doug Berry, ZK-l-BG, probably the keenest burner of midnight oil in that area.

Up at Momote Airfield, Frank (now Fit, Sgt.) Anear, VK9WZ, reports that he’s signed for a further term with the hope that he will qualify for DXCC.

Present score is only the half century.

Interesting is his note to “Amateur Radio” that the VK9 boys are now operating a Sunday morning net on 7080 kc/s, with eight regularly appearing.

We note that Geoff Warner, ex-VK6GW, back in Australia from a trip to Europe since quitting New Guinea, will now be on the air with a VK2 call.

Wake Island has at least three active Hams at present —• Eugene M. Owens, KW6BC, and Chas.

R. Whitfield, KW6BE, both employed by CAA, and James M.

Russ, KW6BI, employed by PAA.

According to “QST”

ZM6AS, ex-ZL-l-AJJ, will be stationed at Apia at least until July, 1956.

To keep the New Guinea record straight the following are a few recent alterations: New Stations: VK9BS, R, A.

Sutherland, Central Avenue, Rabaul; VK9BP, B. P. O’Connor, PO Box 38, Port Moresby; VK9ZAL, R. F. Lloyd, Dept, of Works, Single Men’s Quarters, Paga Hill, Port Moresby; VK9OQ, D. F. Lloyd, c/o. OTC Receiving Station, Port Moresby; VK9TC, T. M. Cole, c/o. RTC, Wewak; VK9VW, G. Stobie, c/o. PO.

Port Moresby. Altered QTH’s: VK9DS, c/o. DCA, Wewak; VK9WL, c/o. S Rabaul; VK9VG, c/o. P & T Dept., 1 VK9WK, c/o. RTC, Madang.

Cancelled calls; VK9AD; VK9YY ( VK3AIR); VK9GW (now VK3AVW).

New Norfolk Island station: VK9 G. E. Smith, Weather Office, Nor Island.

Island Hams are invited to send al photos—singles or groups—for use in column.

OPERATION TOKELAU: Following the story which appeared in this section in January PIM, we received these photos, which show: Barri, VR2BZ, with prospective Hams.

The gear was inside the missionary’s house. Lower, aerial view, with lagoon in foreground and Pacific Ocean beyond, gives an idea of the slender islets that make up these three Tokelau atolls.

Operation took place here at Nukunono village, from a house to right of the church. 102 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

SAVT TIME AND^ONEY c9<z> with << CHULA M Copra Dryers The range of ‘Chula ’ Copra Dryers includes models to suit any sized plantation, and the machines which operate continuously in all weathers need virtually no maintenance. Labour costs are cut by at least 40% and one man can keep four machines in full operation.

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Write to us for full details of the range of ‘ Chula ’ Copra Dryers and other coconut processing machinery.

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Patentees and Sole Manufacturers Established 1898 Elswick • Newcastle upon Tyne • England Cables: 'Foundry, Newcastle-on-Tyne" Codes: ABC sth and 6th Editions Agents: Papua: The B.N.C. Trading Co Ltd. Port Moresby.

New Guinea: Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd. Rabaul, Lae. Madang and Kavieng.

Fiji, Samoa, Tonga: Morris Hedstrom, Ltd. Suva, Fiji.

Solomon Islands: K. H Dalrymple Hay Esq.. Honiara.

News of the Small-Ships IT HAPPENED IN THIS MONTH: -As a reminder that hurricanes lave always periodically swept hrough Fiji, Fiji Times (then of Jevuka) reported in its issue of February 26, 1870, that Taveunl and ither islands had been severely batered. Damage was done to plantaions, villages, European buildings ,nd the smallships fleet. At “Mr. >eckham’s end of the island” the chooner Caroline was blown ashore, »ut later salvaged. The “Bau chooner” anchored off the Catholic Mission at Wairiki sank at her noorings, and much concern was elt for the safety of Captain Jarrack and his schooner Van 'romp; and of Messrs. Wilson and lamilton aboard Coquette. Both assels sailed shortly before the blow truck; what was their fate that jsue of the weekly did not reveal.

SORANA AWAYThe name onora del Mar given last month > Captain E. Savoie’s newest cquisition (ex Wambat ) was inarrect. The name is Sorana del lar. Before clearing Sydney early i January, Captain Savoie spoke *elingly on the subject of vessels i distress in New Caledonia-New [ebrides waters. The Monique ;arch, and the recent search for le French Administration launch a Concorde, had involved him in icpense, which he felt the Adminitration should meet.

VON LUCKNER COMING?: bunt Felix Von Luckner, raiderupper of World War I, and a man f mystery in World War II —he ;11 out of favour with Hitler—may lake a motoring tour through New ealand, with his wife, this year.

Whether the Count will visit some I the Islands associated with his cploits is not yet known. He was ist in the Pacific in his yacht eeteufel in 1938.

JAP WHALERS LOOK IN:—Four lodern high-speed Jap whalelasers, Kyo Maru Nos. 1,3, 6, and powered by diesels, called in to ydney for fuel in mid-December, hey were to rendezvous with the ictory ship Tonama Maru at 66 eg. south, 135 deg. east on Christtas Eve to commence the 1955 >uthern whaling season. This fleet assed through New Guinea waters i December. Reported speed of assels is 30 knots. In the past, hale-chasers have been steam owered.

Distress Watch Must

OME: —F ollowing two recent larine disasters in Fiji waters, atmtion has focused on weaknesses f Fiji’s otherwise splendid interland and ship-shore communicaons network. The key stations are ie Suva and Lautoka post offices, at as they maintain watch only Liring normal daytime business purs, a vessel in trouble during the ight has little hope of obtaining d.

This was recently demonstrated with the Vuniwai stranding.

The solution is to equip the interisland fleet with a distress channel frequency—2lB2 kc/s or another — and establish a continuous watch on this by Suva Coastal Radio station.

This station already maintains continuous watch on 500 kc/s, and equipment for operation on a voice shipping channel would be merited on safety value. An alternative is surplus “Gibson Girl” emergency transmitters at present available in Sydney at below £5 each. When Suva coastal Radio received a distress signal from a ship equipped with one of these, it could advise the Post Office stations to go on the air and deal with the matter on the existing ship-shore radio telephone channels.

No completely satisfactory solution will be found until all South Pacific Territories agree on a standard R/T distress channel—as already exists for aircraft, WINDJAMMERS REPRIEVED: The well-remembered 4-masted barques Pamir and Passat are to sail again. Pamir, seized from the Finns in Wellington, NZ, during World War 11, has spent most of her time idle in a German port since she coneluded her trans-Pacific trading under the NZ flag.

Now Herr Karl Massmann, manager of the Schleswig-Holstein 103 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY. 1955

HAWLEYS . ■ headquarters in the Pacific for Coventry VICTOR jc illustrated 3.K.V.A. 240V* A.C. plant with remote control ' / J J i i k k \ \ \ \ X Eledrit POWER for ipr home/

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Our range of standard sets include: I 5 and 2 kilowatt 32 and 110 volt D.C. and 3 K.V.A., 5 K.V.A., and 6 K.V.A. 240 volt A.C. Details of larger sets will be supplied on request.

For full information on Coventry VICTOR engines, lighting plants, marine auxiliaries, etc., and free literature and expert, helpful advice, write or wire now to : i HAWLEYS PTY. LTD. 52 BOWEN ST., BRISBANE Telegrams "Coyic' 104 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

BJARNE HALVORSEN LIMITED Specialists in Island vessels.

All kinds of boat-building and repairing.

New and used boats and engines for sale.

Quotations and estimates free Australian Distributors for Gray Marine Engines and Spare Parts JOHN STREET, BERRY’S BAY, NORTH SYDNEY, N.S.W. ff/tO/\f£L shafts five /oncer service Monel* shafts are renowned for their rugged strength, stiffness and freedom from whip. These characteristics are very important since a good, stiff shaft reduces vibration, transmits more power to propeller and thereby increases speed and efficiency. Of still greater importance is the fact that Monel retains these properties indefinitely, because Monel cannot rust and is not corroded by fresh or salt water. That is why a Monel shaft, stronger than others when new, is still in perfect condition after years of continuous service.

Further information on Monel propeller shafting will gladly he forwarded by: WRIGHT & COMPANY PTY. LTD., 81 Clarence St., Sydney.

Sole Australian Distributors of Monel :: Phone: BXI2II (Six Lines) •Monel is a registered trade-mark covering a rich nickel alloy, mined in Canada and rolled in Great Britain.' Landes Bank, supported by a “nonprofit-making institution” and certain German shipping companies, will recommission the two vessels as training craft for merchant marine officers. Pamir was to sail from Hamburg for the River Plate in February, and Passat would follow soon. The vessels will run The open boat and, inset, the men who sailed it from Easter Island 2,130 miles Kauehi, Tuamotu. They arrived in Papeete per French Government schooner [?]amara.” 105

K C I F I C Islands Monthly— February, 1955

Wynne S. Breden S

PHOENIX SHIPYARDS - NEWCASTLE, N.S.W. 770 cu. ft. in Hold.

SHIPWRIGHTS, BOAT BUILDERS, MARINE ENGINEERS.

Builders of Island Vessels up to 150 tons gross. 40 ft. Workboats of 180 Bag Capacity and Other Commercial Craft. Complete and Beady for Sea. (“A Good Boat Is a Lasting Asset and not a Liability") Ocean-Going Aux Ketch. 350 cu. ft. in Aft. Cabin « 25 ton gross. * i 60 H.P. Diesel.

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This and other types of vessels always under construction.

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CABLES: PHONES: Ferreous, Sydney.” LA 3701-2.

Marine And Stationary

ENGINES 24 to 150 BHP LW & L 3 Series 2 Many Sizes in Stock Others Early Delivery cargo to help defray costs.

Pamir, of 2,799 gross tons, was built in 1905, and Passat, 3183 tons, was built 1911. Both are steel. Many old seamen will be delighted to learn of their recommissioning.

SEEKING LIBERATION:—Three emissaries from Easter Island.

Felipe Teao Aranciba, Aurelio, Pont Hill, and Pedro Elios Chavez, seeking 1 i b e r a ti o n from the yoke of Chilian rule for their island, made a 29-day, 2,130-mile voyage in an open 22-ft rowing boat in November-December.

Because they knew nothing of navigation they finally brought up on Kauehi atoll towards the western end of the Tuamotu chain, not at Tahiti, as expected. They completed their voyage on December 17, aboard the Tahiti Government schooner Tamara. The men were rushed to hospital for a check-up but, apart from losing weight, they appeared to have completed the journey in good shape. At the hospital they were embarrassed to find themselves sharing a ward with Senor Garcia Palacios, newly appointed Chilean Consul in Tahiti.

The boat carried a makeshift sail, hoisted on the branch of a tree, and two oars, and a 20-gallon drum of fresh water which was exhausted some time before they made landfall.

Rain had helped out.

COPRA RACE:—Fiji’s inter-island fleet was engaged in a race against time in the latter days of 1954. The Copra Board had decreed that all copra-laden smallcraft anchoring in Suva or Levuka harbours before midnight of December 31, would have their cargoes accepted at the 1954 price. After that the price would fall by about 10 per cent SNARLED UP;—Some time i an Auckland yacht, bound Noumea, fouled a long Japan fishing net on the open ocean : north of Norfolk Island. In m January, Mr. W. A.

Crack, owner of the 40-ft kel 106 FEBRUARY, 1055 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LJ

Marine Engines

for every type of craft!

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"Navigator" 4 cylinder 12/30 h.p. petrol or kero- Spare parts are available also tor AMERICAN STERLING and SUPERIOR DIESELS. • Large range of boat fittings.

LARS HALVORSEN SONS PTY. LTD.

BUILDING YARD: Waterview St., Ryde, N.S.W. Phone: WY 3248 BOAT SHED: Bobbin Head, JJ 2489 (Telegrams: "Halvorsens Sydney")

Builders Of Halvorsen Boats

LH.6.HPMb onga, reported that he had fouled set line, which he estimated at miles long, set off the Queensnd coast near Mark Pass, on the irrier Reef. The tar-treated cotton ie was buoyed at 100-yard inter- ,ls. The line, which he considered is Japanese-laid, carried thousands hooks on its droppers. Mr. Crack id been engaged in shell-diving the Ninigo Islands north of New linea during the past year. He id that widespread Jap poaching is taking place on that valuable ell fishery.

VEGA PREPARES:—The graceful I steel yacht Vega, which became feature of Papeete harbour as she j there in dismasted condition im December, 1951, to August, >4. is now refitting in San Pedro, ,1. American Omar Darr, who rchased the luxury yacht from Mr. melius Crane, will probably refer Vega under the Liberian flag • his intended passenger operans between Honolulu and Tahiti s year. Rerigging may cost 1,000.

’Ufofua For Sale: —The

ngan Government’s personnel ;ch Hifofua, reported to be for e, arrived in Auckland January 1 m Nukualofa via Makogai and va. Leper patients had been :en from Tonga to Fiji. The 108 i, Auckland-built vessel will refit 1 return to Tonga, unless sold.

Sunk At Moorings:—The

ding ketch Evaleeta, owned by M. bbard, of Noumea, and active in s Solomons trade in recent years, ik at her moorings in the Mary /er, Queensland, on Christmas y. She had been idle and laid up ;re for sale since last April, use of the sinking is not known, is understood that she will be sed.

UI NAVAL APPOINTMENT: iieut. Commander W. R. Williams, ZN, has been appointed Director Naval Operations (Fiji), in sucsion to Lieut. Commander J. F.

Kenzie, who was appointed last y. The new DNO has lately been dgating officer in HMNZS Black nee.

ITOM COMPENSATION; ough the Japanese Government i now agreed to accept a final tlement of $2 million from the Government for damage done the March, 1954, H-bomb exsion at Bikini, Japanese fishing ipanies are claiming about $6 lion for human injury, imbilisation of polluted vessels, and lution of useful fishing grounds.

WNG HO READY:— Ronald inson and his imported fishing k Bung Ho, now based on Syd- , may head north for the New irides or Solomons in April, anwhile, after completion of imvements to accommodation, nson has returned to his occupai as a street photographer, and rates outside Sydney GPO LIGHTS ON OR OUT!;—Captain Rhodes in his Pageant of the Pacific (1934) gives the following order to the establishment of Pacific lighthouses: Amadee, 1865; Venus Point, 1868; Levuka, 1875; Suva, 1879; Nasalai Reef, 1886; North Astrolabe, 1888; Apia, 1888; Noumea, 1889; Suwarrow, 1889; Prony Bay, N. Caledonia, 1890; Papeete, 1890; Nukualofa, 1892; Wailangilala, 1894; Frederich Wilhelmshaven, 1897; Marquesas (place not stated) 1898. There are, of course, many others after 1900.

Motives for establishment have not always been the requirements of navigation. Since aviation caused international interest in forgotten outliers, nations have had to give some evidence that they are in occupation of unused and disputed islands. Thus was Henderson Island light, quite unimportant from a navigational point of view, established after World War 11. Gas operated, the cylinders have to be shipped from New Zealand to Pitcairn by liner, thence by Pitcairn open boat when the people make one of their bi-annual visits for timber. Thus Henderson Light is usually out—as it was when our photo was taken a few years ago by Mr. W. Thomas, of Welling ton, who called there in his trading vessel Huia (since wrecked), Suwarrow Light has, of course, long 107 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

5-hp with Reverse

Simplex Marine Engines

Announcing the two new models, H P and 10 H.P. fitted with mode simple thrustmatic reverse entir built in and running in oil. No ges In addition the expensive rolero water pump is standard equipme Simplex engines are heavy duty ur running at approximately 1,0 R.P.M. and are suitable for pleasure and work boats. Most e< nomical. Simplex engines have wat proof impulse starter magneto, bror marine carburettor, heavy duty era shaft, large water jackets, smooth cycle operation. They start easily a are easy to maintain. Simplex engir are famous as the finest marine engi made in Australia. 10-hp with Reverse and electric starter.

Britannia Outboard

MOTORS England s quality twin cylinder outboa motor. A full 4 H.P. and suitable 1 boats to 20 ft. Weight only 48 lbs. Tv* cylinder means no vibration and smoc running. Simple and easy to start et run. Underwater exhaust and eve modem feature. Most attractive in a pearance. Wonderful value. Expo price £74/10/-.

Morgan Fibreglass Outboard Boa

A large 10 ft. with 4’ beam. Weight 110 11 Seat 5 or up to 8 cwt. stores. Fibreglass stronger than steel aj not affected by su borer or dry rot. 10 ft. size £75. 8 ft. size available shortly a little cheaper. Oth sizes planned for the future. Immediate delivery at the momei PARSONS

Marine Diesel

England’s new overhead valve diesel, 4 cylinder, 40 H.P. A modem sturdy engine for boats up to 40 ft. Beautifully equipped and fitted with electric starter and generator, reverse and 2/1 reduction gear.

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SHIPCHANDLERY Navigation Lamps Anchor Winches Port Lights Steering Wheels C.Q.R. Anchors Aldis Lamps Ash Oars Compasses Koplastic Antifouling Rylard Varnish Lagoline Hull paint Dulux Yacht White Nonskid Deck Paint PW Engine Enamel Seamflex Putty Mintor Marine Glue Copper Nails Copper Roves Copper Tacks Copper Rod Brass Rod Brass Screws Brass Bolts Copper Sheet Wire Rope Chain Shackles Thimbles Turnbuckles Swivels Steel Blocks Wood Blocks ASK FOR NEW BOAT & ENGINE CATALOGUE OR SHIPCHANDLERY CATALOGUE W. KOPSEN & CO. PTY. LTD 376-382 Kent Street, Sydney. Cables—Kopsen, Sydne 108 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHU

Sails & Covers

LTD.

Box 415/ Auckland/ New Zealand Largest Sail Loft in Australasia.

We also stock all widths and weights of canvas.

Tarpaulins supplied at short notice.

Oil Purification

AND THE

Electrical Engineer

FREAM-LINE FILTERS are now generally recognised 5 being the most perfect, practical means of removing 11 traces of solid matter from liquids, or insulating oils, where removal of moisture also is of le utmost importance, the Stream-Line Filter has another ivantage in that the passages through it are so fine that le application of moderate heat and vacuum causes even le finest particles of moisture to be evaporated, dmplete elimination of these impurities from the oil laintains its highest possible dielectric strength, he diagram shows the passage of dirty oil, drawn from ie oil tank, through inlet A, the filtering process and the !turn of the clean oil through K. This illustration is illy described in the Stream-Line Filter literature mailable.

US i 1 The filters ensure: Total elimination of solid impurities, even the finest colloidal carbon: Complete dehydration including the removal of dissolved water: Absolute deaeration, including the removal of dissolved gases.

For further information concerning Stream-Line Filters, contact

Gibson Battle & Co. Limited

IN ASSOCIATION WITH HEAD, WRIGHTSON & CO. LIMITED, ENGLAND. 535 KENT STREET, SYDNEY. Tele.: MB 6661

Kemp And Union Streets, Newcastle. Tele.: Ma 2600

428 QUEEN STREET, BRISBANE. Tele.: FA 2271 nee disappeared in a hurricane.

LST AS FERRY:—One of the ritish Ministry of Supply LST’s, je and Ldbuan, well known in New uinea waters and currently tied 3 in Sydney, was sold in January i Kenline Ltd., of New Zealand, I be used as a Cook Strait, NZ, ihicular ferry, mainly for the ter-island transport of loaded otor trucks.

The vessel will be given a Maori une with the prefix Ken. The impany at present operates the eighter Ken Waihi on the transisman service.

NEW HULL PROTECTION: What appears likely to be a most important development for Islands ship-owners is the perfection of fibre-glass sheathing. It is applied in wet sheets to give a tough, seamless protection much superior to metal sheathing, as it has anti-fouling properties, and, being seamless, will not easily come off. At least one Sydney firm is now handling the material which is being used overseas on a large scale.

Extensive Abrasions: —Fiji

Medical Department’s ketch Vuniwai, examined on the Suva slip of Charles Whippy & Co. following her recent stranding at Wakaya, was found to have her planks damaged for most of the length; the rudder in need of replacement, keel damage, and a lot of copper lost. However, the 77-ton, 55-ft vessel was expected to resume duties early February.

CHANGE OF SCENERYServing aboard the British freighter Left: Kyo Maru No. 3, one of several fast new Jap diesel whale-chasers which [?]lled at Sydney in December enrouto the Antarctic.

Right: Henderson Island light. 109 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—FEBRUARY, 1955

Captain W. L. Kennedy

(Established 1931.)

Shipbrokers, Business & Real Estate

63 Pitt Street, Sydney. ’Phone: BW 6461. Cables: “CAPKEN,” Sydney.

LISTING: CARGO VESSEL.—SteeI, twin diesel, about 900 tons dwt 2 holds, 2 hatches, heavy lifting gear machinery aft. .. built 1944. 10 knots. £35,000 Sterling. a<?nH G m. VESSEL, ~ Stee i: J twin diese1 ’ about 400 tons dwt - 3 holds. 3 hatches good lifting gear, machinery amidships, Commonwealth Survey. £lB,OOO Aust.

WOODEN CARGO VESSEL.—sheathed, 66 ft. x 16 ft engine and accommodation forward. £7,400. carry about 45 tons, 41 FT. WORKBOAT.—BuiIt 1947, sheathed. 44 H.P. Kelvin diesel. £2,750.

WORKBOAT —2B ft. x 10 ft., 18 H.P. Russell Newbrey diesel, 4 years old. £l,lOO.

WORKBOAT.—26 ft. x 9 ft.. Universal Marine, 2/1 reduction. £B5O.

WE ARE ALSO AGENTS FOR MOST MAKES OF MARINE DIESELS.

Inquiries Invited.

Through our Business and Real Estate Branch, we can offer a wide variety of Sydney properties. All Island inquiries promptly and satisfactorily attended to.

The AMPLION Lighting Plant

(Petrol Electric Generator)

will give you BETTER and BRIGHTER electric light Runs eight to ten hours on a gallon of petrol.

Will supply up to twelve forty watt lights.

Mode! 300, 12 volts, 300 watts (25 amps) D.C.

Model 400, 32 volts, 320 watts (10 amps) D.C.

Weight 60 lbs (Both Models) Price £B9'lo'o All plants are fitted with 4 cycle air-cooled engines, press-button starting, automatic cut-out, float-feed, ball bearings and petrol filters, etc.

Manufactured By MODELS 300 and 400 Write for illustrated catalogue.

AMPLION (A'SIA) PTY. LTD. Sydney, Australia Cables Telegrams—AMPLlON, SYDNEY Thistledowne, lately in Australian eastern ports, is New Zealander Major Bill Watson, who formerly commanded the Papuan Infantry Battalion in World War 11. He was also captain of the AIF Rugby XV which won the Empire Cup, contested between all Empire armies after the war.

WHERE PRAISE IS DUE:—Captain George Robison, master of the British freighter Cedar Hill, which reached Suva soon after the January hurricane alert, praised the forecasting service provided by Fiji Meteorological Service. The hourly situation reports were of immense assistance.

Much of the thanks must go to the Fijian observer stationed at Yasawa-i-Rara who, for 48 hours non-stop, radioed in his instrument readings every hour and thus provided the vital information required by the Nadi forecasters before they could compile their shipping bulletins.

Throughout the alert, Nadi Radio appeared on 7530 kc/s on every GMT half hour, and Suva broadcast station VRH or 930/3980 kc/s on every hour GMT, to provide a thorough warning service.

Governor’S New Yacht,—

To replace Viti 11, which is for sale, the Fiji Government is now inquiring overseas for a suitable vessel of about 70 ft overall as a replacement.

The vessel’s main purpose is to transport the Governor and senior officials between islands.

NINO BIXIO :—Some Desert Army veterans from the Islands will have reason to remember .Nino Bixio, an Italian freighter sunk by a British submarine while transporting 3,000 New Zealand and Australian war prisoners from North Africa in 1942. Only 300 in the battened-down holds survived.

January Nino Bixio, which salvaged, called at New Zeal ports, where work was halted w commemorative services were 1 in memory of the 118 NZ-ers 1c

Solomons Battles 1

CALLED:—Another reminder of dark days of 1942 came in Janu with the death of Vice-Adm

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Not Yet For Islands.—The

8-ton twin-screw vessel Nikau, tiich Mr. Lewis Graham purchased om the Anchor Shipping & nindry Co., of Nelson, NZ, August, 54. is operating on the New Zeand coast under charter to the aion Steam Ship Co. She is un- Lely to be seen in the New gbrides in the near future, as rlier planned. —AND THE KITCHEN SINK: f great interest is the recent disvery that modern kitchen dergents are superior to oil for loothing breaking seas. In future e cook may have a definite lifeiat station when the signal is ren to abandon ship!

NEW FIJI R/T FREQUENCIES: Fiji P. & T. Radio Engineer, H. W. ilstead, reports that new shipore R/T frequencies for use in ji waters came into operation in member. Ships now call on 73.9 kc/s instead of 6,000 kc/s, id Suva Post Ofißce-VRO replies i 4445 kc/s instead of 4200 kc/s. atch is maintained from 2000-0100 MT and 0200-0400 GHT daily, injding holidays.

Suva Coastal Radio, operated by ible & Wireless Ltd., also mainins R/T watch for overseas vessels ice daily for ten minutes at 0400 MT and 2300 GMT, listening on 80 kc/s and replying on 5887.5 i/S.

FOR NG FISHING SURVEY: le P/NG Administration has lartered the Mackay 60-ft fishg vessel Peekaye, owned and ippered by Captain J. V. Busuttin, carry out a 3 months’ fishing surly under direction of Fisheries ivision officers. Various grounds id equipment will be tested, as ill methods of storing and prerving fish. Peekaye has a refrigation storage of li tons and a uising range of 500 miles. She is [uipped with a motor dory. The has on order a 30-ft id a 16-ft motor boat, and if the irvey is satisfactory, a 60-ft shery survey vessel will be purlased for permanent use. Survey ork has been going on in Papuan aters under Mr. Rapson, of isheries Division for the past 8 onths. Pond culture experiments, r the establishment of food fish i some inland areas, are also being idertaken.

VASU: —The little Tasman SS Co. amp Vasu made another return run om Suva to the Gilberts in Desmber-January. Southbound she irried 400 empty drums.

RETURNED: —Emori Railagaga, f, Suva waterside worker, who ;owed away in Orcades as she eared that port northbound on ecember 23, was returned under rrest in January. He was dis- )vered in the starboard propellershaft tunnel the day after sailing, and made the round-trip to Honolulu, Vancouver and San Francisco. r'NFNd- no AGAIN' This iunkyacht, whose story has been told in nnst ismips of PIM is again the subject of a court action in Papeete, whprp the vessel lies rotting at moorings, her ownership in dispute, Captain Eric de Bischop was reported to be bringing an action for 2 million francs against a Papeete business firm for failure to maintain the vessel in good order or settle charter fees said to be owing.

A Papeete firm operated the vessel in the inter-island trade for a time but the junk has been idle now for several years and one of her three masts recently fell. She is unlikely ever to go to sea again.

RETIRING:—C apt a i n L. C.

Boulton, for many years past Master of NZGS Maui Pomare, on the New Zealand-Samoa-Niue-Cooks service, was the recipient of a presentation made by the people of the Cook Islands, at in January as a mark of appreciation of his lengthy service to that Pomare was making her last call prior to refit. t Th( p® pr 'Boulton reports that Captain Boulton planned to retire y ea £ ag°. when he was awarded the OBE in the New Year Honours, MELANESIA SOLD:— Captain H.

Frewen recently sold his well known 39-ton clipper-bowed Melanesia to Mr. C. F. Cliffe. Captain Frewen acquired the 54-ft ex-schooner about 6 years ago in a deal with the Seventh Day Adventist Mission i n Fiji, they taking over his Viking Ahoy as a mission boat, and he taking their Melanesia, which he has 111 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

I Pi *9* 4 m. mim A* i /, « n & -■,. m K *Sk EXPORT TOOHEYS PILSENER 112 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L.

u More for your money with • Sturdy construction • High quality materials (gear housing and propeller of bronze) • Low rate of revolution • Longer life • More power • Economy of fuel... all these plu» a one year factory guarantee. Range includes a, 5 and 10—12 h.p. They arc backed by more than forty years experience in the development of the Archimedes outboard motors.

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Nelson & Robertson

PTY. LTD. 12 Spring St., Sydney, Australia.

Cables: “IVAN”, Sydney.

SERVING ALL PARTS OF FIJI. . Carrying Passengers and Cargo S.S. "Al SOKULA"

Motor Vessels: "KOMAIWAI," "TOVATA" (t/s) All equipped with Radio telephone. Operating to time-tables published in the Press and announced from VRH Broadcasting Station.

ISLAND TRANSPORT LIMITED.

Managing Agents: W. R. CARPENTER & CO. (Fiji) LTD.

SUVA, FIJI.

Telephone: 114—6 lines. P.O. Box 299. lince operated n the Fiji iner-island trade. j[r. Cliffe, a few Zealander, rho served in rar-time Malta jnvoys, and was iter Mate in r u i a, will per a t e the essel on the ladavu ■ Lau- , u v a circuit, r elan esi ais owered by an >-hp Gardner lesel, has a [jeed of about knots, and juries 15 tons f cargo and a Laximum of 29 ;rsons, includig crew. ews of raising achts fhere are few ports of yacht ivements this onth, most ■isers being out the Islands area snug in port till e end of the rricane season. » There was bad ws from one sht still out howir. Norman Ziska rt owner of the ckland yacht WAIMANA, was killed at rd Howe Island In mid-January when he 1 while climbing Mt. Lidgbird. Ziska and y Williamson sold their yacht KERERU in the New Hebrides August, 1954, after cruising up from Auckland. They flew back and purchased WAIMANA, sailing again in October for Brisbane. (Over) Upper: “Rannah”, little damaged, but unlikely to be refloated, as she now sits on the reef near Avarua, Rarotonga.

Distant, off her stern, is the boiler of the Union Co.’s “Maitai” wrecked many years ago. Lower: Captain E. Savoie’s “Sorana del Mar” (ex “Wombat”) clearing Sydney for Noumea on her first French-flag voyage. 113 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

G. Ii It Eek Veldt

1/Javai -Architect urine kroner Agent for Shipyards in Denmark, West-Germany and Holland Let us quote on your new project. 55 ft, steel fishing and general workboat, recently designed for Tasmania. 72 Ci<y Chambers, Auckland, IV.Z.

C.P.O. Box 2642 Tel. 44745 a/on'f se// (jnr se// (jiißiirs

W. & A. Gilbey Limited

Cnr. Pyrmont Street and Pyrmont Bridge Road, Pyrmont, N.S.W.

GN/1450 • In Sydney, a would-be cruising yachtsman, who gave the name of Peter Scott, aged 27. allegedly an ex-RANZ rigger, twice “arrived” from New Zealand in two different mythical yachts. On December 30 he called on a newspaper with the story that he had just arrived in the 32 ft. yacht SILVER CLOUD on the first leg of a round-the-world lone-handed cruise for a wager of £3,000 plus a new yacht. The newspaper could not find the yacht and did not use the story.

In mid-January the same man pulled a hoax on the Sydney Royal Motor Yacht Club, was invited along, borrowed a tie to enter the club, gave an interesting and amusing talk on his voyage—this time from Nelson, NZ, in the yacht TOAHO- HANA, a 42 ft. ketch. He said the yacht was anchored near Garden Island. But when the Customs authorities called to take charge of his cat next morning there was no yacht—and never had been.

By then, however, another paper had written up the story of the 25-day passage. Scott—and a club members’ tie, and two yachts which never existed—are still missing! • LE KORRIGAN, mentioned last month, first arrived in Papeete from France in September, 1934. according to PIM files, having left Marseilles in March that yeai;, with owner Compte E. de Ganay, M. C. van den Broek d’Obrenan, and M. J. Ratisbonne aboard. They were on a collection expedition for the Geographical Society of France and for a museum. During 1953, the yacht cruised to Auckland and Fiji. Some excitement was caused when the schoonerrigged yacht was reported overdue at Suva from Auckland. Then the transpacific liner AORANGI picked up her life boat. Later word came from Moala, Fiji, that LE KORRIGAN was there and undamaged. • BEYOND, aluminium alloy motorsailer owned by Tom and Ann Worth of England, which passed through the Pacific last year, was welcomed home to Beaulieu River by the Royal Cruising Club on September 18 last. • BISSY GIRL, formerly owned and widely cruised in the Islands by ex- French merchant marine skipper Victor Brisson around 1935-36, is still afloat.

Now owned in Sydney, this yacht entered the December-January Sydney-Hob Race. The yacht was named by Capti Brisson after the little daughter American Harvey S. Bissel, owner WANDERLUST of which Brisson v skipper. • COONGOOLA, 74 ft. Brisbane-bt motor-sailer which completed a cru round the world in January, 1954, v sold January, 1955, by Mr, G. H. Griffii to Mr, Norman W. Thomas of Wellingi 114 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

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Write for Lists Giving Contents of each book. To the Exclusive Representatives for Australia & New

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Sole Agents for Papua & New Guinea GABRIEL ACHUN & CO. LTD.

Maloguna Road, Rabaul P.O. Box 96 Telegrams;“GAßßlEL ACHUN,” RABAUL.

Sub Agency Enquiries Invited r. Thomas is best membered in the lands as former Her of the trading tch HUIA, wrecked f New Caledonia reral years ago. He ms now to carry t certain alterations d to sail on an and cruise about ril. 1956. With him r the voyage to sllington via Sydney ,s well known Aucklander Terry Ham- »nd who was also navigator in COON- )OLA during the 1953 world cruise.

Vlr Griffiths formerly owned the Fiji ssion craft VIKING AHOY, of which (ONGOOLA is a larger version, powered th twin Southern Cross diesels made in s Griffiths-owned Toowoomba Foundry. • NAITAMBA arrived at Wellington, !, rather ingloriously, on January 13, ding her trans-Pacific delivery voyage tow. This was the yacht for which nerican R. K. Smith, now of Wellingi, advertised for crew' last year. The 0 men who went up from New Zealand pear not to have sailed in the yacht lich cleared Los Angeles on August 4, ning via Honolulu, Fanning and Raroiga. After battling head seas for the it few days the yacht sprang a leak d finally was towed in. Mr. Smith was ;ompanied by his nephew as far as nolulu; there nephew was replaced by ■. Smith’s aunt and uncle and by kita Astafieff, a W’hite Russian, tafieff had recently returned from 14 •nths, mostly alone, on Palmyra, where was dropped by the PHILANTE II at 1 own request in 1953. 3n the way to Fanning a drill fell im a shelf, piercing Smith’s ankle and jaking off. When the wound became >tic a radio call was made to the US astguard, which sent out a 829 from waii to drop medical supplies. Then s Alaskan tuna boat COMMONWEALTH ved the yacht 450 miles to Fanning, iere further medical attention was ren; 14 days later, bound for the oks, Smith succeeded in pulling the oken drill out with a pair of pliers, om Rarotonga Smith’s aunt flew to I by air, and two local boys, Joseph d Tere Marsters, joined the yacht. That lise demonstrated the value of a radio msmitter. • CARIAD H, Mr. A. W T . Flitton’s big 1-ton ketch, which cruised the Islands 1953 in course of her trip round the rid, arrived home at Capetown in tober. The yacht suffered damage in a le 100 miles from home. • NEW SILVER GULL of Sydney, iched Port Hueneme, Cal., as she headed ith for Panama in December. • KYLIE, 39 ft., bright blue painted dney ketch, cleared that port January 22 for Auckland and Tahiti. Ownerskipper Harry Fink, 35, had spent four years in building and fitting the yacht.

With him is Brian Darcy, 26, and Phillip Davies, 23. • ANNA ELIZABETH, Dutch yacht, with owners Ernst and Rebecca Lamberty, last reported in Suva, has come to moorings “for the time being” in the New Hebrides.

'Upper, Ronald [?]son and his [?] fishing junk.

Bung Ho”, framed , the doorway of a [?]ydney boatshed. [?]hn son may head [?]orth in March. [?] W er. the unusual [?]ght of Pacific Ship- [?]ners, Ltd. (W. R. [?]roenter & Co.), [?]ans-Paciflc vessels Lakemba” (left) [?]d “Suva” dis- [?]arging timber rgoes side by side Sydney Harbour December. 115 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

YACHTSMEN! Reliability, economy and minimum stowage are the features of the new Lister Freedom Range of Marine Diesel Engines. Reduced over one-third in weight and developing 9 h.p. per cylinder, they're the only marine diesels with famous patent compression ratio changeover system for easy cold-weather starting and high fuel economy. Call at our Showrooms and see these remarkably compact, high performance diesels yourself, or write for full details to-day!

DANGAR, GEDYE & MALLOCH LTD.

Malloch House, i°-14 Young Street, nr. Circular Quay, Sydney.

P.O. Box 509. Radiograms: Dangars, Sydney.

MADANG. P Pacific* Islands Motors' PORT MORfsr? Century Motors, LAE. Madang Slipways Ltd J. H. Ellis, GOROKA. S ’ PORT M( >RESBY. W. j. Meehan, KAVIENG. A. H. Bunting Ltd., SAMARA 116 FEBRUARY. 1655 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

Books On The Pacific

AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC. Thor Heyerdahl, leader of the famous Kon- Tiki Expedition—sets out in detail the facts supporting his theory of Polynesian origins in Early America. The question of their origin has been debated by Anthropologists in many countries over the years. Illustrated. Maps and plates. £5/9/-.

THE SOUTH SEAS IN TRANSITION (W. E. H Stanner). A study of post war rehabilitation and reconstruction in the three British Pacific Dependencies. £2/10/-.

Post&R6 X/6« ART OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC ISLANDS (Paul S. Wlngert). With 102 illustrations in photogravure. 31/-. Postage 1/3. , . .. .. .

THE PACIFIC, OCEAN OF ISLANDS, edited by Charles Barrett. Issued in a limited edition, finely illustrated with plates in rare books, remarkable photographs and 52 half tone illustrations. £5/-/-. Postage 1/9.

NH. SEWARD PTY. LTD., 457 Bourke St., Melbourne. Aust. MU 6129

Be Wise Select

“The Sandy ”

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• Rustproof • Weatherproof

• Saves Labour & Paint

• So Cool • So Attractive

SUPPLIERS OF. —Tinned and Other Fruit —Confectionery—Australian ducts —Tallow—Wearing Eastern Goods PACIFIC SUPPLIERS FOR.—"Rivermede Kerosene, Motor Spirit and Oils.

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Importers Exporters

Indent & Buying Agents

Foodstuffs —Cattle and Poultry Foods—Fresh Beer—Building Supplies—Hardware—Milk Pro- Apparel—Piecegoods —Footwear —Trade Goods —Paints — Our Specialty—Motor Parts, Etc., Etc.

" Butter and Cheese. "Golden KMG" Athletic Vests and Knitwear.

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Fleece' 'Sandy' ALL ISLAND PRODUCE SOLD AT BEST PRICES ON COMMISSION We Require ReJiable Agents in Rabaul, Madang, Lae, Port Moresby, Samarai, Hollandia and Fiji.

Hr Lamberty has taken employment on he plantation of Mr. Claude Giraud, of Lore islet, near Santo. It was Mr. Giraud fho recently purchased the American racht MANDALAY from James Rocketer These two yachts were together in he Marquesas, and again in Papeete.

INNA ELIZABETH reached Santo via fas. • KONA, US, a. Auckland December 19, rom Suva, having called at Norfolk and Uy of Islands, NZ. Bob Houtz was renting to Fiji to take a geological post rith Fiji Government. Messrs. Blackford ,nd Skolmen plan to sell KONA in Auck- »nd. • GHOST, Auckland 28 ft. cutter which ruised the Islands in 1953, will probably lead north again in April. • MOONRAKER, with Peter and Anne •ye, should be nearing or through •anama by now, as she heads down from ’ancouver homeward bound to England • 1955 OCEAN RACES; There was talk i Sydney in December of a projected ,uckland-Suva ocean race in January, ■his appeared unlikely to be correct in lie middle of the Fiji hurricane season, mother Sydney-Noumea race will take lace about July if sufficient interest is town. The biennial Trans-Pacific Race, resumably this year in the direction [onolulu-Los Angeles, is scheduled for illy, and, if sufficient interest is shown, Los Angeles-Papeete race will take lace This is likely to commence soon fter the end of the Trans-Pacific classic, he well-known Sydney yacht SOLVEIG, wned by the Halvorsen Brothers, is a kely starter for these two events. • VOYAGER, 40 ft. Brisbane launch ound for New Guinea, received a ammering by bad weather on the ueensland coast during January. Owner Ralph Mauchan and his wife were forced to seek shelter in Trinity Bay. No details were available of destination. • PATHFINDER, 40 ft. Sydney ketch which left there two months ago. arrived at Thursday Island early in January and will probably be seen in New Guinea waters. The three men aboard are Messrs.

R. Prvce. F. Bendall, and J. Thompson.

The yacht’s dinghy was lost in rough weather between Brisbane and Townsville.

IT Mr. E. J. Wauchope, formerly a well known planter in New Guinea, and now retired and a resident in New South Wales, recently sold his three coconut plantations near Madang—Awa, Kaien and Awa Extended.

T[ Mr. Moti Tikaram, LL.B., of Lami, Suva has been admitted to the Fiji Bar. He was educated at Marist Brothers’ Secondary School, Suva, and at Auckland and Wellington University Colleges, NZ. While completing his LL.B. degree last year, he was attached to the New Zealand legal firm of Messrs. Rothwell Gibson Page and Marshall, of which the Hon. Mr. J. R. Marshall, Minister of Justice, is a partner. Mr.

Tikaram was one of the founders and President of the International Club of the Victorian University College, Wellington.

H Mr. D. D. Bhatia, recently appointed High Commissioner for the Government of India, was expected to arrive in Fiji from India early in February.

Advice has been received from Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing that during November and December, 35 ozs. 5 dwts. of gold were recovered from 15,800 cubic yards of material treated. 117 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

Blaxland - Chapman

Marine Engines • Wonder Launches • Pumping Units

• Engineering Products

' Whateve your require ments in thii field—you cai be SURE a Blaxland Ra Product Contact th Sole Pacifi Distributors.

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Cables: “Carefulness”, Sydney.

W. H. GROVE & SONS LTD.

Established 1896.

Island Merchants 16-18 FANSHAWE ST. ( AUCKLAND.

Telegraphic and Cable Address: “Grove,” Auckland. P.O. Box 490, Auckland, New Zealand.

Entrust your requirements to the firm with more than 55 years practical experience in the Island trade.

Representing English Manufacturers

THROUGHOUT FIJI, SAMOA, TONGA, NEW HEBRIDES, NEW CALEDONIA, SOLOMON ISLANDS, SOCIETY ISLANDS, COOK ISLANDS, NIUE, ETC.

S »:r ERS 0F ALL CLASSES OF NEW ZEALAND MANUFACTURES AND PRODUCTS SPECIALLY PREPARED FOR THE ISLAND TRADE WE HANDLE ALL KINDS OF ISLAND PRODUCE.

IN FIJI as : W. H. GROVE & SONS (FIJI) LIMITED.

Office and Sample Room; Bank of New South Wales Chambers, Suva, Fiji.

No Island Bananas

For Australia

IT was during the years of World War I that a section of white planters in the Solomons studied the possib’e profitable production of edible bananas, Musa Sapientum, in the group.

This fruit was, unfortunately, not indigenous to those islands and had to be imported from other parts of the tropics. The experiment at Berande plantation on the east coast of Guadalcanal, owned by the SID (Solomon Island Development Co.), was watched with interest. Pessimists said the distance from regular ’market was too great. Optimists countered with a demand for better, faster and more frequent shipping transport, otherwise the fruit would perish ere reaching journey’s end and also between steamers.

However, Berande’s experiment proceeded, and the Mindini (Capt.

Voy) carried the first consignment of bananas from the Solomons to Sydney. The very-excellent-quality fruit, somewhat large, was borne on big bunches, ranging from 80 lbs to just under 100 :bs in weight. The specimens, in Sydney, received admiration and comment in the daily papers. People called at BP’s Sydney office to examine those on exhibition, and there was talk of a product rivalling the Queensland production.

On the trip South, some of the bananas were stowed below decks, as cargo, but dozens of ripening bunches of fruit were suspended from the stanchions round the sides of the deck, for all and sundry to help themselves. The fruit w luscious—and some of the passengi; gorged themselves on it. But tf BSI planters, like those in Fiji a i Norfolk Is:and, soon learned til there is a market in Australia on for Australian-grown bananas L. POOLE. 118 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH LJ

m Going places?

Your trip will be much happier if you know that every detail has been settled in advance but there is no need to do it yourself. Much time and trouble can be saved by letting the Bank of New South Wales Travel Department assist you.

What the “\\ ales” Travel Department offers you Whether your journey is in Australia or overseas, the “Wales” will gladly plan itineraries, make transport bookings and hotel reservations, arrange travel finance, and, for trips overseas, advise on passport, visa, and taxation clearance procedure.

Travel finance The modern way to carry money safely is by Bank of New South Wales Travellers’ Cheques, which are readily accepted by all banks and by principal tourist bureaux, transport offices, hotels, restaurants, and stores.

These services are available through all branches of the BANK OF

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FIRST AND LARGEST TRADING BANK OPERATING IN AUSTRALIA.

New Zealand. Fiji. Papua And New Guinea

(INCORPORATED IN NEW SOUTH WAXES WITH LIMITED LIABILITY) A5447a [?]AVE £’s BY ROCIDING— Buses for Rabaul Public Servants • From Our Rabaul Correspondent F the Administration subsidised a \ bus service in Rabaul and re- I stricted the use of Administrajn vehicles to the demands of duty would save thousands of pounds mually. A bus service has been Iked about for years but appears to ■ as far away as ever.

Replying to the statements made iring the Rabaul TAC meeting, in nuary, on the lack of Government jnsport, Council Chairman, Mr.

Nth Cummings, offered the faciles of his own taxi service to transrt late working telephonists home. (Mr. H. Lewerissa had said that lephonists refused to work late ifts because they were afraid to ilk home after 9 p.m. The District ficer had replied that no governgnt transport was available for em).

He remarked caustically: “I could imd up, around the town, half a zen Administration vehicles not ing used on Administration busiss?’

No one challenged his statement.

Ihe functions of the Administram Transport Pool in Rabaul are Bcult to assess.

Ihe strict interpretation of a pool a common stock or fund from lich members draw their requiresnts —does not apply. Outside busiss hours, the only vehicles kept the pool are heavy trucks and hter vehicles needing minor reirs.

Certain officials should have their icial transport handy at all times ;he District Commissioner, the strict Officer, the Harbour Master, jdical Officers, and officers living tside the town area—because their ties are not restricted to normal siness. jenerally, however, official vehicles Duld be used only for official duties t here the contrary appears to be i rule.

Dutside clubs and pubs, at parties d week-end sporting engagements, m as distant as Keravat and ikopo, one sees Administration licles. They travel out from ibaul or come in from outside 5 town without need of official ;use. They are generously loaned non-Administration friends and Jised for the family shopping— at the expense of the taxapyer Australia.

Meanwhile, the private citizen lose finances do not a 1 low him purchase his own transport rspires his way on foot because ;re is no bus service in the town.

At present a local Chinese resident has tentative plans for a bus service. His greatest competitor would be the Administration, whose vehicles now obviate the need of a great proportion of the townsfolk to pay for their transportation.

Fiji Broadcasting Commission has now put into operation a transmitter on 840 kc/s as a stand-by and alternative-language programme outlet. This transmitter and its aerials are located near Broadcasting House in Suva. The other existing transmitters on 930 kc/s and 3980 kc/s are located at Tamavua, some miles out of town.

A new District School was opened at Nalota, Ba., Fiji, in January, built from earnings totalling £2,000 made by the young men of the district who took cane cutting jobs to raise the money. 119 J CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

7a # #

Slumber Planned

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& Attractive ,Uniform Button Tufting

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it /I O LOOK for '' LAB WINKER Representatives for Pacific Islands: — ROBERT GILLESPIE PTY. LTD. 54A PITT ST., SYDNEY. G.P.O. BOX 7011. CABLES: “ROBERGBLL” 120 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Notice Of Sale

To Traders and Plantation Owners

Half Price—£9So

NEW PERKINS 4-cylinder DIESEL 25 K.V.A. ELECTRIC ALTER- NATOR 415/240 volts with Starter, Hand Regulator. Fuel Tank and Fittings, Switchboard with 3 Ampmeters, 1 Frequency Meter,* 2-volt Neutral Main Switch Fuse, Kit of Tools, and Spare Parts.

No Reasonable Offer

REFUSED Particulars from: L. ERIKSON, 37 Ridgeway Road, NEW LAMB- TON, N.S.W., AUSTRALIA. let yom Protect its attractive exterior against nature's destructive forces with Borthwicks "AB" paint, specially fortified for tropical weather resistance.

You'll find lasting satisfaction in its color permanency and mellow, even weathering.

HIGH BORTHWICKS ifiF® GRADE OWI m * a w.

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Morris Hedstrom (Aust.) Pty. Ltd. Agents for

Borthwicks Pty. Co., Sydney

Suppliers to Defence Specifications.

Happy Christmas in Apia Mr. Samuel John Campbell, of ocklea, Queensland, left Brisbane a January 25 to become headmaster I Tonga’s recently established High chool. Mr. Campbell will have a ;aff of three New Zealand teachers nd two Tongan teachers. There are 120 pupils attending the schoal —half of them Europeans and half specially selected Tongans.

If A son was born to Mr. and Mrs.

Ernest Serafini at Lae General Hospital on January 20. fl Mr. John Cowles, who celebrated his 21st birthday in New Guinea on January 25, was toasted in his absence at a party in Sydney.

Guests at the celebration included his parents, Mr. and Mrs. M. Cowles, and Mr. and Mrs. Colin Sefton, of Koitaki, Papua, who were holidaying in Sydney.

A group of Apia families who enjoyed a Christmas party at the home of Mr. [?]larrie Peagram, Union Steamship Company manager for Western Samoa.

Photo by R. F. Rankin. 121 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY. 1955

> .. ■» feel c KEEP FRESHER! First, lath.. Th.n •hak. Cashm.r. Bouquet Talcum all ov.r th body. How fr.ih it l.avts you. And cool I Divln.ly cooi. ~ FEEL SMOOTHER! Pamp.r th. s.nsitlv. i Dots with «x tra Cashm.r.

Bouquet Talcum. its silk.n sh..t of protection Inturtt you against chafing.

STAY DAINTIER! if. an in.xp.n.lv. uxurv to us. Cashm.r. Bouqu.t Talcum lavishly and often. Giver Tour person th. C —^ fragrtu ce men /ove. T f Cashmere Bouquet Talcum with the fragrance men love iashmere bouquet cosmetics include FACE POWDER, POWDER BASE, LIPSTICK.

Rouge, Cake Make-Up A Beauty Crsami

ccii/ios WILLIAM FARRER PTY. LTD. (formerly Jacketts Pty. Ltd.) Flour Millers 1 BERESFORD RD„ STRATHFIELD, N.S.W.

Cable Address: “Butterfly” finest SHARPS IFfIKI •FIG TREE” BRAND. ‘IBEX” BRAND.

Fiji Representatives: OCEANIA AGENCIES CO.

P.O. Box 284, Suva.

LDS Leader in Western Samoa The Governor of Fiji and Lady Garvey paid their first official visit to historic Bau Island, Fiji, in January. They were received w the traditional ceremonies a ] entertainments.

During a brief visit to Western Samoa recently, President David McKay wo leader of about 1½ million Latter Day Saints (Mormons), dedicated a new cha[?] and school at Sauniatu, a model village he helped found in 1921. The photograph shows (left to right): President Coombs (Tonga), President Stone (W. Samoa), Brotl[?] Going. Sister McKay, Sister Wiser, President McKay, Sister Stone, Lafi Toelu[?] Elder Murdock and Moana Stone.

Photo by R. F. Rank 122 FEBRUARY, 1055 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH L,

Castro! always leads! iii yw 1 ST in 1935 with additive to reduce cylinder wear Brit. Pat. No. 423441. Not Pbyt. Lab . Report 12/mS 1 ST in 1935 with a mild detergent to clean the engine itself Brlf. Pat. 43100. 1 ST in 1938 to announce lighter oils for easy starting, quick getaway and petrol economy Wo#. Phys. Lob. Report 2/9/'3B 1 ST in 1949 with improved inhibitors to protect the oil itself, Brit. Pat. 6U243—655113. 1 ST in 1951 with hypoid axle oils containing anti-scuffing additive and rust and corrosion inhibitors Brit. Pat.

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255 A GEORGE ST., SYDNEY Sole Distributors in the Pacific Islands for C. C. WAKEFIELD & CO. LTD.

More Police Needed

Rabaul's Petty Crime Wave From Our Rabaul Correspondent THERE are now six overworked European police-officers in Rabaul; before the war, for a smaller population, there were 16.

This state of affairs was remarked in by a member of the Rabaul Town Advisory Council at its January neeting. He said the Police force vas not able adequately to maintain aw and order in the town.

To give point to his remarks, an Lsian girl was criminally assau.ted bout a week before Christmas lose to her home in Maiaytown. he assault, by a native, was comnitted about mid-day within 50 ards of a main road.

During December, three major obberies, from two stores and a lub, and several instances of night trowlers entering homes, were reorted to the police.

The present police establishment, xcluding the superintendent, con- Lsts of the gaol officer, one man for ight duty and one for traffic office jo rk, two men for the supervision f the native police and the proecution of the drive against crime.

Vith one man often busy in court, a the role of Crown Prosecutor, tie crime detection force is halved, ’hat leaves nothing to subtract rom if the one remaining member i ill.

It is not unusual for people with usiness to transact in the Traffic )epartment to be told to return iter because the officer in charge ; absent on outside work.

The strangest aspect of the system i the division of control between le Police and the Department of (istrict Services.

The only area in the Police jurisiction is that within the town mits. Everything beyond—that is, 11 the native villages and 90 per ent. of the native population—is le DDS responsibility. Delegated ) this important branch of the idministration’s duties in Rabaul i one patrol-officer.

The patrol officer can and does ill on the Police for help with his olicing duties. Native constables an be used for effecting an arrest ut from then on, prosecution of le offenders is entirely a District ervice matter.

Unless the charge is serious nough to warrant Supreme Court roceedings, out-of-town arrests r arrant action only before the hurt for Native Affairs.

Court is held in the Native Labour Office room where, in the capacity f Magistrate, the Patrol Officer ho has arrested the accused, then its on the bench in judgment upon im.

There is no inter-departmental collation of crime records by the Police and the District Services.

Each is a separate entity. Their contacts and methods are secrets preserved within the confines of their respective departments.

The solution to Rabaul’s crime wave appears to be a stronger police force, with wider powers of authority and close liaison with opposite numbers in the District Services Department.

If Miss Margaret Harris, of Sydney, and Mr. Robert Floan, of Fiji, were married at St. Alban’s Church, Sydney, on January 27. The couple will live in Fiji. 123 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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Agents For?

New Guinea Australia Line of fhe China Navigation Co. Ltd.

Lombard Insurance Company Ltd.

Union Assurance Society Ltd.

Aust. T. & G. Mutual Life Society Ltd.

New Britain Shipping & Docking Co. Ltd.

• Rabaul • Madang • Kavieng • Lae • Goroka

Associated with:

Colter Watson Pit. Ltd., Colyer Watson & Co. Ltd

Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane. Wellinqton. Auckland, Christchurch. 124 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Art Postcards Of Tonga

Per Dozen (Including: a Tin-Can Mail Cover), Postage Paid: 6/- (or one US Dollar).

TONGAN PHOTOS BUREAU, Nukualofa, Tonga The sign of Quality Products. 1500 Watt 240-Volt AC.

Diesel Set * Economy ★ Efficiency ★ Simplicity This versatile 240-volt or 110-volt A.C. Diesel Electric Set is designed to meet wide and varied applications in commercial, agricultural, industrial and domestic fields, particularly where economy and continuous troublefree operation is called for. Will run 25 60-watt lamps, movie projectors, motors, etc.

Price: £247/10/- F.0.R./W. Sydney Diesel and Petrol Electric sets supplied in A.C. or D.C. from H KVA to 60 KVA.

BRAYBON BROS. Pty. Ltd. 27-33 WASHINGTON STREET, SYDNEY Cables: “Braybonian”, Sydney.

I m Electrical & Mechanical Engineers, Manufacturers and Contractors.

Trade Inquiries Invited.

Contact us for a quotation Rasmussen-Hansell Wedding Mr. D. F. Herbert recently repied from the Thursday Island jhthouse service to join a shipping company in Port Moresby, where he has now arrived with Mrs.

Herbert and son David.

New Air Line For

New Caledonia

(From Our Own Correspondent) A COMPANY is being formed in Noumea with a capital of 2 million francs to operate an internal air line.

The company is calling for public support and has already ordered its first plane, a De Haviland Dragon Rapide, capable of carrying 8 passengers and a quantity of freight.

The plane is expected to arrive in Noumea at the end of March.

The company is expected to acquire also a number of 4-seater taxi planes. Services will be between island centres and neighbouring island groups, such as He of Pines, Loyalties, and Wallis, The chief pilot, Mr. Lafargue, is expected to arrive in Noumea in early March. The Public Works Dept, will soon begin work on making the Colony’s aerpdromes serviceable for the Dragon.

Mr. and Mrs. August Hansell cutting the cake at the reception in the Tivoli leatre, Apia, Western Samoa, following their marriage in the Roman Catholic thedral, Mulivai, on November 25. The bride was formerly Miss Tua Rasmussen, the photograph (left to right) are: Miss V. Bartley, bridesmaid; the best man, Mr.

Betham; groom and bride; and Miss A. Hoeflich, bridesmaid.

Photo: R. F. Rankin. 125 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

At Last! A Truly Portable Air Compressoi

The Maurlyn Twin Air Comp ressor The Maurlyn Junior Air Compressc t w The “Maurlyn” is the ideal compressor unit for Farms, Factories, Garages, Painters, Builders and for all manufacturing processers where a constant supply of pressurised air (to 120 lbs.) is utilised.

Available with A.C., D.C.

Petrol Motor or Overall dimensions: 18 in. long; 18 in. high; 9 in. wide Total Weight, 61 lbs. Rated Capacity, 4.4 c.f.m. is I A Overall dimensions: 16 in. long; 18 in. high; 9 : wide. Total weight, 47 lbs. Rated capacit' 2.2 c.f.m.

P° rtab >e Air Compressors give a really magnificent performance; they can be used in a application where compressed air up to 120 lbs. per square inch is required. he Maurlyn” can Spray Paint—Pump Tyres—be used for Kerosene Cleaning—Pressure Greasing, e Obtainable at all leading Stores and Garages MAURLYN AIR COMPRESSORS Pty. Ltd. 16 James St., Redfern, N.S.VN Queen Honours Bishop Medal for Brave Fijian A MASTER at the Fijian Central School, Suva, has been awarded the Royal Humane Society’s Silver Medal and Certificate. He is Marika Ului Lewanavanua, who, at great personal risk, saved an elderly Fijian woman from drowning in the tidal wave which followed the earthquake of September 14, 1953.

The tidal wave swept through Nakasaleka village, Kadavu, at a height of from eight to 10 feet.

When told that the woman was missing, Marika ran from Nakasaleka school, where he was then stationed, and leapt on top of a house which was floating in the wave. In one of the other wrecked buildings he saw a woman’s clothing floating. He dived in and dragged the unconscious woman to land, where he applied artificial respiration until she revived. if Captain A, Mellor, well known in New Guinea waters as former master of the Australian Army vessel Terra, and master of the Queensland Government vessel Melhidir based on Thursday *sland, came south to Sydney by air on leave in December-January.

Flying-Saucers?

New Caledonians “See Things”

In The Heavens From Our Own Correspondent STRANGE objects—variously scribed as being like throw nets, illuminated balls £ sausages—have recently been ported in New Caledonian skies.

The first report of a “flyii saucer” came from a caretaker a gypsum mine, on January 15. said the object was yellow, lum ous and shaped like a throwing : used for fishing. After remain: stationary in the sky for 20 minui it made off at terrific speed.

Then two seamen on a coastal s] reported seeing a “circular obje in the sky. This a 1 so remair motionless for some time, then si denly disappeared at speed.

A Noumea woman has reportec huge, yellow illuminated ball in 1 sky, seawards of Noumea. This c continually inflated and deflated 1 fore disappearing.

Finally, from the north-eastf coast, a woman reported a hu sausage-shaped object in the s over the sea. The object remair stationary for half an hour, bef< —like the other visitors—disappe* ing at a great speed.

In the New Year Honours the honorary award of OBE was conferred on 75-yearold Bishop Joseph Darnand, former Vicar- Apostolic of Western Samoa and now living there in retirement. Because Bishop Darnand is not a British Subject he is French the award was an honorary one. The photograph shows Bishop Darnand (right) with Bishop Dieter—it was taken recently after an ordination in the Mulivai Cathedral.

Photo: R. F. Rankin. 126 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHL

Successful men use Gillette 7 & f \ /II r> They know that a good appearance is all important. So they’re always careful to be perfectly shaved. They understand value too. So the blade they choose is Blue Gillette, sharpest in the world, and, because it lasts so long, the most economical. c '// hot* % * Blue Gillette Blades How Fiji Now Encourages Private Enterprise 2JTEPS which have been taken re- -5 cently by the Government of Fiji, to encourage the investnent of overseas funds in enterjrises in that Colony, are worth loting, as an example to other >acific Territories. • Extensive Customs concessions lave been granted to new and existng undertakings and for agriculural equipment. • The Protected Industries Ordnance provides for the licensing of lew ventures which might not suc- :eed unless protected from undue lompetition in the early stages of heir operation. • Special taxation concessions lave been granted to the goldaining industry. • The income tax law has been jnended to permit initial and nnual depreciation allowances on ndustrial and agricultural plant ,nd bui 1 dings. o An Agricultural and Industrial Kians Board has been established 0 grant loans to farmers and to mall and medium-size business ndertakings. • A Commerce and Industries ection of the Secretariat has been et up to help business men or otential investors wh® are enquirig into the possibility of starting ommercial or industrial enterprises 1 the Colony. • The basic rate of personal inome tax has been reduced by 3d to /-in the pound, and provision is lade for exempting new companies Dr up to five years from the paylent of company tax on the first 5,000 of their net profits if the perations of the company are in ae interests of the economic de- Blopment of the Colony, In addition, pecial depreciation allowances will e granted to such companies. • To encourage agricultural and astoral investment, liberal allownces are to be made for income tax urposes for such improvements to md as fencing and drainage. • An assurance has been given aat the Government does not inmd to pursue the suggestion that ividends should be taxed in the ands of the shareholder, as they re in Australia. • Australian and New Zealand Dmpanies operating in Fiji pay tax n their Fiji profits at the lower iji rate and (it is understood) are ot taxed again.

Mr. D. M. N. MacFarlane, a Drmer Mayor of Suva, arrived in uckland in early January on a ealth trip. He will spend some me at Queenstown in the South sland. 127 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY. 1955

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New Year Fun at Vila

Ae-Hagen By Car

LAE, Feb. 2.

JRING the Christmas-New Year period, three young Lae residents became the first persons ravel in the one motor vehicle i Lae to .Mount Hagen, ley are Messrs. Col. Barbour, Les grave and Col. Slater, who elled the 320 miles in a jeep ih they sold to Mr. Dan Leahy tie completion of the journey, took them 40 hours actual drivtime and followed on the trip e some time previously from to Goroka by Director of Health John Gunther), District Comlioner, Morobe (Mr. Horrie Niall), an Administration Mechanic Bob Dudgeon) who took a jeep ulance from Lae for work in Eastern Highlands. ■st year Seventh Day Adventist ionaries travelled to Mt. Hagen t Lae but they had to change cles half-way. ie Basket Ball Union of Ausa, member of the International iration of that sport, has invited a team from New Caledonia to play several matches in different Australian capitals.

Another Airstrip On Toveuni MR. J. V. TARTE, of Ura, Taveuni, has widended and lengthened the lightplane airstrip on his property to accommodate aircraft of Fiji Airways Limited. The work has been done at his own expense so that it will meet civil aerodrome requirements.

The airstrip will be for the use of the general public. When in operation it will save air-travellers making a long road journey to Matei Field.

A New Year’s Eve fancy dress ball was held in Vila, New Hebrides,, and was an [?]rely successful function. The photographs show some of the dancers who entered the spirit of the occasion. At left, Mile. Marie-Jose Pujol, who was dressed [?]stically as a cock. Top, right: The girls of St. Trinians—School-ma’m Marshall, Lancon, Mrs. Richardson, Mr. Marshall, Mrs. O’Ryan and Mrs. Frouin. (This [?]p won first prize). Centre. Gentlemen of the Wife Guard —Messrs. T. Young, Discombe and W. Reid. Lower, Pirates—male and female—Mr. R. Borland, Mrs. and, Mrs. M. Terry, Mrs. G. Bristow, Mr. M. Terry.

Photos; Fung Kuei. 129

D I F I C Islands Monthly— February, 1955

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Jap Pearling And

Fishing In Sw Pacific

Australia'S Continental Shelf

Shrinks To Three-Mile Limit

The Australian Government has had second thoughts over its claims in regard to the Continental shelf —and the private wars of fishermen and minor Governments against Japanese “poachers” have had to be called off.

WHEN the Australian Fisheries Act came into force on January 1, the nation’s press assumed, wrongly, that, like the Pearl Fisheries Act which has been in force for a couple of years, it empowered the Government to regulate all fishing activities as applied to free-swimming fish.

A day after the Act came into force, and while a Catalina aircraft from Port Moresby was searching for a native canoe, two Japanese tuna vessels were sighted, one 30miles off-shore in the Gulf of Papua, and the other 50 miles south of Samarai.

The press immediately classified these vessels as “poaching” and took the line that the Government must do something about it, and smartly.

Just why the Commonwealth Government did not then explain that it had no power to interfere with foreign shipping, unless it was within the old 3-mile limit, is not known.

It was not until two weeks later that an explanation of the Act came from External Affairs Minister Casey, by which time Queensland fishermen were talking of taking guns in their boats and attacking any Jap vessels they sighted within the area. A great deal of heated comment appeared in the press on the Government’s failure to take action. In effect, Mr. Casey said that oysters, trochus, and beche-de-mer attached to “our continental shelf” are one thing; and that free-swimming fishes are quite another.

The Pearl Fisheries Act does empower the Government to control shell-fishing by foreign vessels. The Fisheries Act only empowers control of Australian fishermen, the legal view being that free-swimming fishes are not necessarily “our” fish. In short, the old 3-mile limit still stands.

One letter in the Sydney Mor, Herald, reminded readers of occasion shortly before World II when the owners and crev 3 Japanese vessels arrested off Northern territory coast, sued and obtained in Darwin Cc heavy damages for wrongful ar as the Commonwealth was un to prove that they had been in the 3-mile limit, and in fact t was evidence that they had 1 forced by bad weather into the j tion where they were arrested In London, in December, repl to a question in the House of C mons, the Foreign Secretary “Her Majesty’s Government always refused to accept in print claims to territorial waters of r than 3 miles, and have reserved right to uphold any British intei prejudiced by such claims.”

Jap Pearlers For Darwi LESS entangled in legalities more heated has been the action in Darwin and in s Trade Unions in the South to announcement that the Gov ment has given approval for hiring of 135 Jap divers by x tralian Master Pearlers at Da: and Broome.

Those who should know, inclui the Commonwealth Fishi Division, are satisfied that only 130 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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Insurances effected at Lloyds of London troductlon of these divers can je the MOP industry, and further, at their employment can mean rich source of dollars for Ausilia. rhe divers will come in under aw bond, will be compulsorily reflated, will be permitted to work [y as divers and tenders in the irling industry, and are not reicing any existing labour of equal labilities. )pponents to the move have dered that they will boycott all rwin firms and organisations ich deal with pearlers using Jap our.

Lustralian Workers’ Union mems and others have suggested that i introduction of the Japs will iermine the White Australia icy and break down working iditions; that the Torres Strait mders, employed in the industry :e the end of the war, are the st pearl divers in the world.” All which is nonsense.

Ithers say that all Jap pearl »rs are spies—and that Japanese ing boats that sneak in close to itralian and Islands shores are nding and charting rather than ing. fter their activities before and ir World War 11, what more is re for the Japs to learn about seas or our approaches? ome believe that it would be ;er to let the Australian pearling istry die altogether, than to w 135 Japanese work for Ausian master-pearlers—in other ds. it would be better to let Jap rling fleets reap all the shell and ars from the Arufura Sea, ind of being smart enough to emr them to do the same thing for tie plain facts are that the Japse are the best pearlers in the id and the best fishermen. is unlikely that Australians will ver overcome their prejudice gainst the Japa n e s e—and is not to be wondered although it has yet to proved that the Jap in war is »e than any other Asiatic in But in any discussion on Japan Japanese these sober facts have e considered: There are 85 million people in in and they are increasing at rate of one million per year.

Japan lost Korea, Formosa and ’acme possessions after the war the Japanese home islands can uce sufficient food to feed (in poorest possible manner) only ullions.

Japan must import food to e up the deficiency and in order Ip this, must export goods to for it; but Most countries restrict the imtion of “cheap” Japanese goods.

Hungry people are easy targets communism. (Over) 131 31 F I c ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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to-S 'Jt'r*', / 'tU & NFT salap Sly S T A B 2 o' p ♦ '4 ILEARLY something must be i done by the Western nations to help Japan out of her dilemma ind even the most rabid Trade lionist would probably agree that would be better to trade with her m fight her. (Australia sold i million worth of wool, etc., to Dan in 1953, and bought goods in ;hange worth £5 million). And nething might also be done in i matter of fisheries, t was something like an interzonal impertinence for Australia 7ho has done little to exploit i fisheries off her own coast and iclutely nothing to exploit them her SW Pacific Territories —to im every fish that swam over the itinental Shelf, which in some es, means 300 miles off the coast- ’here is no doubt that this inpretation of the Fisheries Act ; what was originally intended — there has been some swift backfiling in recent weeks particrly since this Continental Shelf Dry was shown to cut right across tain’s own policy in the matter, ru. too, claims a Continental ilf and recently arrested Greek ilers which she claimed were passing in the area, although y were at least 200 miles from coast. This caused indignation Britain, where Sir Anthony Eden firmed Britain’s policy of a 3i limit). should not be necessary to point to readers that none of the ve observations condone the iah-dog tactics of Jap ships that e raided P-NG trochus beds and 's, or landed on Islands and ested natives, stolen their posions, and generally made themes unpleasant. That is one thing it for ships to fish 30 or 50 miles our coasts, is another.

Valuable Study by Well Known Writer 1W men in the world are better qualified than Cyril S. Belshaw to write Changing Melanesia — Social Economics of Culture tact, an impressive book of 200 es, just published at 17/6 by 3rd University Press, Melbourne, author is a New Zealand graduin economics, a Ph.D. of the don School of Economics, and is ■ently a Professor in the Uniity of British Columbia, in Vanrer. He is a well known writer Pacific Islands affairs, and his raisement of changes there ;rally are sober, realistic and ful. In this book he makes an ;rt survey of the way in which native peoples of the Southwest ific have reacted to “Europeanon”; and his array of facts — A on historical and anthrogical research, and his own rvations as an administrative ial in various territories—will be - useful to future administrators, ers and scientific workers. The : is well indexed.

Sharp Division Between

CHIEFLY FAMILIES: Observer Tries to Assess Value Of Samoan Convention

By Hugh Frewen

APIA,. Jan. 8.

IHAVE been visiting Samoa as an independent observer at the recent Constitutional Convention; and I have formed the opinion, for what that may be worth, that this movement is not really inspired by a desire for independence, except insofar as the Samoans would like to possess and control their own public service, for which they are not yet fully trained or competent.

The movement may be regarded as a cloak for placing almost absolute power in the hands of the two Fautua, Malietoa and Tamasese.

Neither of these men, in my opinion, is equipped by character or qualified by training to exercise this power—one loses some prestige by his way of life, and the other is regarded as being too closely allied with a powerful religious organisation.

As most people are aware, there are two traditional Royal Families in Samoa —one represented by Malietoa; and the other—the House of Topou—by three Royal aspirants (Tamasese, Mataafa and Tuimalealiifano) —the three being divided between the dominant Protestants and the Ca f holics. Mataafa and Tuimalealiifano are entirely opposed to the recommendation of the Convention that Maleitoa and Tamasese should be joint Heads of State.

The two proposals which have remained the subject of acrimonious dispute—and on which, in my opinion, the whole of the recommendations of the Convention are likely to founder —are (I) suffrage and (2) the Headship of the State.

It is difficult to see how a democratic Government like that of New Zealand —let alone the United Nations Oranisation, which holds the ultimate authority over Western Samoa—will approve of a political set-up which will involve the subjugation of 80,000 people, deprived of electoral and civil rights, to a chiefly caste, the Matai, numbering less than 4,000. Only the Matai will be entitled to vote or sit in the Parliament. The appointment of a Duumvirate —Malietoa and Tamasese —as Heads of State, for life, will put an end to all effective opposition to this system, except by violence —which, unfortunately, is the only time-honoured method known in these Islands.

However, the educational value of this Convention has far outweighed its recommendations; for it has gone far towards promoting a political sense in the minds of the common people, together with an evaluation of their lack of political 133 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY. 1955

Order Form

Please send copy (copies) of the Handbook of Papua and New Guinea, 1954, to the address below.

Remittance (cheque, M/O, P/N) is attached for to cover cost of the Handbook and postage.

NAME ADDRESS For Your Library Handbook of Papua & New Guinea 1954 The Handbook of Papua and New Guinea, 1954, is now on sale throughout the Pacific Islands and Australia. Price is 15/- (posted: 1/extra within British Empire; Foreign, 1/9) or $2.00 U.S. (including postage).

Comprising 320 pages, with a special map of the two Territories, it contains all details of the administrative and commercial organisation In both Papua and New Guinea, plus a complete list of all European residents.

There is a description of each of the 15 Districts, with some local maps; a list of all Departmental officers, showing correct names, titles and positions; lists of all trading firms In each District; details of all communications—such as airfields, radiophone networks, timetables; lists of fees and taxes; the Customs tariff.

The structure of the Administration is described, with an outline of the activities and responsibilities of each Department.

A section is devoted to the Statistics of the combined Territory.

There are particulars of commerce and industry, and of the Missions.

This is a Handbook which any person dealing in any way with Papua and New Guinea must have on his desk.

Copies may be obtained at most bookstores in Australia; at all stores in Papua and New Guinea; and from the publisher: Pacific Publications Pty, Ltd., Technipress House, 29 Alberta Street, (PO Box 3408), Sydney.

If Sydney bookstores cannot supply, copies may be obtained at Pacific Publications’ branch office, Room No. 7, nth floor, Union House, 247 George St., Sydney.

In Melbourne: Pacific Publications Pty., Ltd., Newspaper House, 247 Collins St. status, and their economic subordination to an hereditary aristocracy.

Parkin Christian, Magistrate of Pitcairn Island THE venerable Parkin Christian has been elected Pitcairn Island Chief Magistrate.

He was one of three candidates for the position, and won by four votes over the retiring Chief Magistrate, Mr. John Christian.

The new plan is for the Chief Magistrate to occupy the position for three years instead of one as previously.

Mr. Parkin Christian has been Chief Magistrate several times before. He is now 72, and is well known to many in Australia. He has a married son living in Sydney.

Other officers elected were: Assessors, Anderson Warren and Warren Christian. Chairman of the Internal Committee, Christie Warren.

TOP—Dramatic moment in the hours of the West Samoa Conven when High Chief Mataafa Faum Flame M. II rose to denounce the res[?] mendations about the Head of State in an impassioned burst of Polyn oratory, put forward the tradit claims of the Mataafa family to position. It is said by some observers after this schism the Convention brought to a close with some haste.

Hon. Tamasese and Malietoa were a as joint chairmen.

CENTRE—Some of the European gates to the Convention. Front row,, to right—Hon H. W. Moors, MLA, G. D. F. Betham, MLA, Hon. A., Gurau, MLA. Behind them are Me K. Meyer, H. Retzlaff. T. Odtt an Annandale.

LOWER —An informal shot of Tupua Tamasese, the High Commissi; (Mr. G. R. Powles) and Hon. Mall Tanumafili II, taken a few minutes bn the High Commissioner formally c: the Constitutional Convention. The vention recommended that the Hean State be shared jointly by the two fair —Malietoa and Tamasese. 134 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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54a PITT STREET, SYDNEY. [?] Cal. Aftermath of Fiji’s Near-Hurricane (From Our Own Correspondent) I the early hours of January 5, Noumeans were awakened by the noise of plane motors. It reled. to many, the days of the four planes had sought refuge in w Caledonia from the threatened rricane in Fiji. [•hree of the planes were Solents the RNZAF. They had left va in an endeavour to seek uge in New Zealand but bad ither obliged them to make a dexto New Caledonia. Arriving in i very early hours, and Noumea’s port possessing no facilities for ht-landing, two of the planes ised around till daylight. One them, however, because of techal trouble, had to risk a night ding, accomplishing it successly with the co-operation of the imea aeroport staff. l fourth plane, a Catalina from liti which had brought the inch Under-Secretary to the onial Ministry, Mr. Duveau, to k Caledonia from Tahiti and also ried him to New Zealand, came Noumea to shelter at the same e as the Solents, he Solents returned to Suva on mary 8. [oumean shopkeepers learned the th of the old adage, “It’s an ill d. . . .” on January 8, when the ent Liner Oronsay arrived here ;r being turned away from Suva ause of the threatened hurricane, give hundred tourists were ard, many of them not overtiusiastic at being rerouted to imea. i spite of the short notice of arrival, everything possible was e for the entertainment of the rists. The usual excursions were mised, a ball which received a 3-warm reception was held in Hotel de Ville. Two of Noumea’s stores were kept open, the ther was extremely trying—and, general, the day was not very ;essful. hree more Orient liners are jduled to arrive in Noumea this February 4 will see the arrival the Orcades; the Orion comes March 15, and the Oronsay ves in June. Noumea should :e some effort to make these s worth while instead of sticking he stereotyped programme that never varied. he Tonkinese exodus is continufrom New Caledonia. The ithly Air France plane carries east an average of 35 away and ttas always has its quota; whole ilies are being air-borne back Haiphong and subsequently toi. “No great loss to New Jdonia,” comments a NC correident. 135 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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Mr. Nelson attributes this rapid increase to the initiative and energy of his staff and directors; the prosperity of post-war Island territories; and a large increase in coastal shipping.

Still a comparatively young man, he looks forward to many more years of friendly association with the thousands of Pacific Islands residents whom Nelson and Robertson have served for well over half a century.

For the first time in many years a banana-buyers licence has been issued for Ovalau and Moturiki, in Fiji. The licence has been granted to Mr. Seth Douglas, of Waidau, Ovalau. Mr. Douglas planned to begin operations in early January.

The Banana Board has agreed that the price to be paid to the growers is to be 7 6 per case.

Chan-Wong Wedding THE biggest wedding reception ever held in Honiara was given by Mr. J. Chan Cheong on January 8, after the marriage of his son. Mr. J. Chan, and Miss Wong Wei Yung, daughter of Mr.

Wong Kim, in the Roman Catholic Church, Tanagai.

About 700 guests were invited to the Chinese schoolhouse at the Matanikau Chinese settlement. The evening began with a tremendous display of fireworks and crackers and this was followed by a nine-course sit-down dinner. The High Commissioner for the Western Pacific (Sir Robert Stanley), Lady Stanley and Miss Stanley were present. Long tables to seat all guests had been specially made for the occasion. After dinner, a second fireworks display was set off. Both Mr. J. Chan Cheong and Mr. Wong Kim have lived in the Solomons since the early 1920’5. fl A son was born to Mr. and Mrs.

George Ellison at Lae General Hospital on January 17. Mr. Ellison is a First Officer pilot with Qantas.

Mr. Norman Nelson 137 Sixty Years of Pacific Trading (Continued from Page 24) CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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Hasluck and the Commonwealth Government would have been restored.

It had accepted conciliation “in good faith,” it said, but Mr. Hasluck “had once again let his Territory Public Service down completely.”

Points from Commission Report GENERAL: After taking into account all living costs, including native labour, holiday clothes and entertainment, the committee recommended £1,045 as the annual cost-of-living figure for a manwife unit.

PRICE CONTROL: The committee urged that measures be taken to avoid exploitation of the consumer; consumers were literally at the mercy of traders; the Commonwealth Statistician should regularly observe price variations in the future, so as to avoid the problems of the past.

NATIVE LABOUR: The committee based the cost of cash wages for native domestic labour on £l/3/10, as average. In places (notably Lae) many officers had two servants, because they were cheaper and because one servant could not cope with the work in the sub-standard housing made available.

FOOD AND GROCERIES prices were based on retail prices in October- November, 1954, but there had been a 10 per cent, rise in sea freights and a sharp rise in meat prices in Port Moresby since. In Rabaul, “it would appear that traders were enjoying a high percentage of profit not merited by the difference in freight rates”.

ACCOMMODATION: The committee said it found married officers living under deplorable conditions which prejudiced their outlook and set an unfortunate example to the natives. Dissatisfaction was caused by comparisons between the Territory service, the Commonwealth service and private enterprise, with the Territorial officers having inferior accommodation. Working conditions were bad in some places, and provision of hospitals was insufficient.

EDUCATION ALLOWANCE: Officers obliged to send their children to school in Australia were faced with financial commitments beyond their purses. The Administration should provide £3OO towards annual cost of secondary education in Australia.

SPREAD OF HOURS: A five-days working week should be given a trial in the main centres—many sections could work a five-days week without loss of efficiency or additional public expenditure; but essential services would have to be maintained. The Planters’ Association had opposed the five-days week, principally because it would affect natives, but this seemed to be a problem for the future.

RECRUITING: The recruiting programme was in arrears—it was not so much a matter of getting more staff as of retaining present staff. Some exchange system should be organised to allow officers to get outside experience, so they would not feel they were going stale.

RETROSPECTIVITY: The PSA reqi for retrospective payments, so officers could make ud their bank balai and consolidate themselves, and re run-down clothing supplies, should noc considered. Inquiries from banks from officers themselves showed tha high proportion of officers were financ: embarrassed, due to inadequate inconi A correspondent says: “The ax ence was shocked on hearing astronomical sums that had fc scattered among the various dep: ments, created for the governm of 850 people.”

Secretary and Economist seei anxious to find some way of mat NI “more self-supporting.” T were not impressed when amateur economist pointed out ti if the Administration were remo the recently-renovated bui’d: around Kingston Bay could turned into a delectable and w equipped holiday resort, comp with bathing beach, golf-cou tennis courts, etc , which would e: out of the consequent tourist tra all the revenue that NI wc normally require.

Mr. Lambert, at one stage, as a Councillor what value he thou Canberra placed upon NI. • Councillor retorted; One thousi loyal British subjects should h some value.”

Others pointed out that, in wars, NI contributed, in proporl to home population, a larger mi ber of volunteer fighters than other community in the Emp Moreover, the returned men been promised various rehabill tion privileges; but none of tM had received anything—not even of the famous grant of £63,000!

Each of the last three Admi: trators (said others) had had so fancy scheme for the economic vancement of the island: each sp funds on his plan; but, as e “little dictator” disappeared, plan disappeared with him.

“The people are 100 per cent, hind the president of our Coun Ray Nobbs, in his fight agaj Bureaucracy and Dictators!! writes our correspondent, rati flamboyantly; but that is an indl tion of Nl’s state of mind.

Since the petition to the Qu was promoted, Canberra has sho a livelier interest in NI affa Messrs. Lambert and Gleeson app to favour an attempt to revive whaling industry. Whaling exp*< have arranged a visit to the isls A high official of the War Ser- Homes Division is to visit the IsLJ on February 10.

And nothing more has been he? of the plan to put a head tax: tourists! 138 Liveliness on Norfolk I (Continued from Page 18) FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH PSA Claims Case (Continued from Page 17)

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This is the promise of Blundell Spence & Co. (Aust.) Pty. Limited Agent for Pacific Islands: KERR BROS. PTY., LTD. 255 A George St., Sydney. [?]et Season Wogs: [?]ghlands Farmers Need Expert Help (From Our Own Correspondent) GOROKA, Jan. 30.

FARMERS and settlers in the NG Highlands believe in going ahead with the job without iting for official aid. Unfortun- >ly, hard-pressed officialdom, has in inclined to let it go at that, i has not bothered to provide • expert scientific assistance that needed. It is usually found that gs follow the crops—and the time assistance is with the first onught. Whether the Rhinoceros iles eating Goroka Cassias are i same Rhino, beetles that eat w Britain coconut palms, our corpondent does not say. There are palms of any sort in the Highds. and Oryctes will eat other station only as a last resort. If s pest has got into the Highlands, should be easy enough to dicate it now, before it has ipted itself to its new environnt. 3e current wet season, which extends from October to May, has brought on the annual antsvil pest; particularly in the item Highlands. Two other ts, the pasture grub and the :ee stem borer are also giving able.

Jlassified as Cylas formicarius, ant weevil attacks sweet potato m Kau) and common potato ers and has no known enemy. It ndigenous to the Highlands and natives have never taken active isures of control.

Reports from patrols and Agri- ;ural Extension Officers indicate t the pest may be getting worse, has 'been suggested that the >ation of grass fires may mean t the ant-weevil can breed in cover of grasslands adjacent to dens during the dry season. •r. J. Szent-Ivany, an entoogist already highly regarded by bland Settlers, and Mr. Ron ne, District Agricultural Officer, experimenting with chlordane [ other methods of chemical conl such as prior treatment of nts with lead arsenate dipping are planting, and standard DDT aying.

Ithough the pest has done greater nage in European potato fields n in native gardens the main rce of breeding continues to be native gardens. Patrols will ise the natives (who grow both atoes and sweet potatoes as cash ps as well as for consumption) nit fire-breaks in grassland surnding proposed garden areas, n burn off around their gardens. ; grass cuttings from the fire- 139 1 F I C ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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;aks are to be spread over the rdens and burnt on these sites; d infected gardens replanted with ips unattractive to the weevil. fhe white pasture grub, first covered when it invaded the airids and lawns of Goroka and dis- :t, has been under continued oride attack by Agricultural icers and show signs of coming der control. ?he coffee stem borer grub found several plantations has caused ensive damage by ringbarking i coffee trees. Breeding of the yae is being carried out under direction of Doctor Szent-Ivany an urgent project in order to I a parasite. This pest, known Crytorhynchin seems to be the y serious menace to coffee grow- A similar pest was known in a, 50 years ago. Planters have n recommended to carry out ting and to collect larvae with ive labour. Well-cleared and efully looked after trees are not ly to suffer. est control in the Highlands deads constant attention from the >artment of Agriculture. A local omologist should be appointed, jre is no reason why several ;s should not be dealt with by ultaneous investigation and conere is an opportunity for the iculture Department to cease ,ting this area as a Cinderella i and not worth bothering about, i latest invader is the Rhinois beetle which has been at- :ing Cassia trees in the Goroka i. is significant that the Dutch gation of' 1953 was insistent that II coffee-areas of no more than icres were the only plantations :h could be properly cared for settlers. This is at variance i Moresby policy of refusing to late anything under 100 acres.

Dutch officers were impressed he re’ative freedom from pests yed by the Highlands but they hasised that although Java was h worse off in this respect, it essential to maintain continued control right from the begin- : in the Highlands.

Kavieng RSL Elects Office Bearers E following members of the Kavieng (New Ireland) branch Df the RSSAILA were, in Januelected to hold office for the ing year: resident, J. Lovett-Cameron; or Vice-President, W. Lussick; or Vice-President, J. Swanson; Secretary, S. Weston; Hon. surer, T. Perkins; Committee, >rs. W. Meehan, W. Dolby, S it, C. Batt & G. Neilsen.

Administrator Criticises Private Shipping AT the end of his five weeks’ tour of the Milne Bay district and Eastern Papua in January, the Administrator of P-NG, Brigadier D. M. Cleland, had something to say about private shipping services.

It was regarded as strong criticism in some quarters.

He said the Administration cou'd do something about improved air and radio services to isolated plantations and outstations in the Milne Bay area and in the eastern sector of the Central district, but it was entirely up to the private shipping companies to see that these areas had adequate shipping.

The Administrator said a much better spirit of co-operation “between those responsible for shipping” would make for a more satisfied planting and trading community.

During his tour, the Administrator, with Mrs. Cleland, aboard the Leander travelled 1,500 miles by sea and addressed about 17,000 natives.

He spoke to most of the Europeans during his extensive itinerary.

He said main development in the area would be with native agriculture and fisheries. A soil survey would be undertaken as soon as time and resources allowed.

He said there was need for a geophysical survey of the mineral resources to see whether some form of assistance to the mining industry in the area would give it newer life in the lower grade ores.

Extensive rebuilding at the RNZAF Base, Lauthala Bay, near Suva, is to be undertaken. About £56,000 will be spent on modernising accommodation for 18 officers and 44 airmen, and for work on boatyard, telephone exchange, and tennis court for recreation. 141 DIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

Efficient Executorship Demands Teamwork HANDS

That Never Leake

THE WHEEL Even the most energetic private Executor soon finds that his job is too difficult. Perhaps he is willing to neglect his own affairs. But even this sacrifice won’t help. An Executor needs experience, as well as time, patience and tenacity. Few men possess the necessary knowledge of taxation, probate, investments and management.

That is why far-sighted people appoint Burns Philp Trust Company Limited as Executor. This efficient, enduring institution has directors and officers whose entire time is devoted to the careful management of other people’s business affairs. “Hands That Never Leave The Wheel” explains the Company’s services in detail. This free booklet is obtainable from any branch of Burns Philp (South Sea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Guinea) Limited, Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Limited, or direct from the Company’s offices.

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Joseph Mitchell Eric Priestley Lee SECRETARY: E. R. Overton, F.A.S.A.

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Also Registered Offices at Melbourne, Brisbane, Port Moresby ( Papua ), and Vila (New Hebrides).

Killer Shark Caught at Pago Pago A somewhat gruesom subject—the disembowled 13 ft. long shark that on December 29, killed a Japanese fishing-boat captain at Pago Pago, American Samoa. The photo has been sent by an American, Glenn Cunningham.

The facts of the story are briefly as follows: Capt. Kosuo Mixotawa, of the Japanese boat, "Taiyo Maru”, was fatally mauled by the shark while swimming near the cannery wharf in Pago Pago. Mizokawa had been in the water painting the ship and was swimming a few feet from the stern when the shark attacked. Two Samoan can workers and one of the Japanese members swam to his rescue when heard his call. Attempts were madl stop the flow of blood from a sct artery and other injuries but he died after being pulled ashore.

The “Taiyo Maru”, one of six Jana vessels fishing for the Pago Pago cam had arrived in port two days before 75 tons of tuna and five tons of mz a near record catch, and was still loading at the time of the accident, thought that the seepage of blood fish scraps in the water had attrz the shark.

Members of the crew set lines soon caught the shark which was ha on the wharf and killed.

Passengers For New Guinea

left Sydney in January per Burns PH "Bulolo” included: Mr. T. G. Aitchison, District 0 missioner, Kavieng, Mrs. Aitchison, 3 and Judith.

Patrol Officer R. S. Bell, having » pleted a two years course at AS* Sydney, returned with Mrs. Bell to Guinea.

Mrs. J. R. Boyd, Miss Y. Moffit Port Moresby Customs Department, Boyd (who is manager of T. & Society), and Miss D. Tyson, also Customs. 142 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTI

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The Boys Got Their Christmas Presents ’EW stevedoring records were set in Singapore on Christmas Eve, 1954, when Major Ratu Penaia nilau and eight soldiers of the Fiji Battalion in Ma’aya went to rk in the holds of an overseas sel. rhe men had made a 200-odd es’ dash from Batu Pahat to colt gift parcels from home and tribute them on Christmas morn- . Apparently the gift cases had n held up in Australia and they . not arrive until the night bee Christmas Eve. When Major nilau located the vessel they were >ard, he was told that the cases ild not be unloaded as no labour s available.

Ie explained to the ship’s officer t Fiji’s fighting men were eagerly aiting their gifts from home, and had come several hundred miles make sure that they got them.

Ie was told that he could have cases if his men would do the oading. The nine Fijians dived o the hold and the precious tes were at Battalion headquartat about 7 p.m, on Christmas 7.

The marriage of Mr. lan McIntyre [?]ce to Miss Michele Pujol took place at Roman Catholic Church, Vila, on January 8. Mr. Bryce is an Australian I on the staff of the New Hebrides [?]tems Department. Miss Pujol has [?]d most of her life in the Islands and [?]a teacher at the Vila public school.

Photo: Fung Kuei. 143 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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At Polynesian Club mg those present at Sydney Polyi Association’s New Year gathering the following (below, top to a); John Roberts, formerly of Pago and Mrs. Roberts of Sydney, in Carl Johnson, of Tonga, and Miss Truda Cameron, formerly of Tonga.

Mr. J. G. Anderson, for many years a resident of Western Samoa, and his daughter Shirley. Miss Betty Williams, and Mr. Hugh Aspinall, well known in Fiji and the Solomons.

Below: Mr. V. Cupitt of Thursday Island, a friend. Miss Gladys Laws, and Mr. Digby Cilley of Soraken, Buka. Mr. Panapa Alefaio, of Vaitupu, Ellice Is., and Mr.

Stephen Foster of Rotuma. Mrs. Alfred Page and Mrs. J. G. Anderson, both formerly of Western Samoa.

Private Generosity

PROVIDES Scholarships for P-NG Schoolchildren PRIVATELY-ENDOWED scholarships of £5O per annum are now being enjoyed by 14 children of Papua-New Guinea residents.

All the scholarships have been endowed by P-NG residents or institutions. This year four new <uui ars^^s were offered—two by AVM,” an anonymous donor who has already provided four other scholarships; and two by the New Gumea Club-bringing the club’s total to four. In addition to those are three Cromie Endowments— provided by Mr. and Mrs. Cromie. hv Sj? ai } d one Provided by Mr Gilbert Renton, well-known resident of Rabaul. ? choolchi, dren who are benefitmg by this generosity are: v A ™ r^"? LA , RSHIPS '‘'nahlo five years) Gary Archer, son of Mr. and Mrs. clif£' Ar " h "' of NGG Wa u: Jack Ratiff R e ’ sn ° f u Mr and Mrs - J- S. Ratcliffe. of Bulolo—These are the two new scholarships; Barry Moore, of Bulolo (Third rear); lan Spencer, of Rabaul (Third vf ar \’ V? aV VI Graham - of Lae (Second YeaJ) 1 D ° rothy Mi,,er ’ of B nlolo (Second

New Guinea Club Scholarships

(tenable five years): Richard Ralph, son of Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Ralph, Port Moresby, Leonie Buchanan, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Buchanan, of Port Moresby (new scholarships): Marcia Searle. of Rabaul (Second Year); Hilary Mahon, of Rabaul (Second Year).

CROMIE ENDOWMENTS (tenable five years); Rae Ferries, of Wau (Fourth Tear); Robert Mulholland, of Port Moresby (Third Year); Marcus Given, of Wau (Second Year).

RENTON SCHOLARSHIP (tenable six years): Ruth Batz, of Lae (Fourth Year).

These scholarships are in addition to the grant and free air travel provided by the Administration in respect of all secondary school European children living in the Territory. 145 ,C ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

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Deaths Of Islands People

Brother Malachy

Brother Malachy, who taught in the Marist Brothers’ schools in Fiji and Western Samoa from about 1903 until 1949, died recently in New Zealand. He was 83.

Mr. Adram Gobrait

Mr. Adram Gobrait, one of French Oceania’s very few businessmen of Indian ancestry, died in Papeete on Christmas Day, aged 54.

Mr. Gobrait was born at Papara, Tahiti, of Indian parents, they having gone there from Fiji.

Mr. Gobrait is survived by 24 children by two wives, both still living, and by his sister, Miss Madeo Gobrait, who served as a nurse in World War II with French, English, Australian and New Zealand Forces.

Mrs. Lilian Hazard

The death occurred at Magnetic Island, North Queensland, in December, of Mrs. Lilian Hazard. Mrs.

Hazard, before her marriage was a Miss Steinmetz, of Munia Island, Lau Group, Fiji—a member of a family very well known in that Colony.

In November, 1954, issue of PIM, in Editors’ Mailbag, Mrs. Hazard told how her father, the late Mr.

H. H. Steinmetz, with the late Capt.

Langdale, introduced deer to Wakaya Island. He later bought Munia, one of the loveliest of the Lau Islands.

Lilian married Mr. W. H. (Bill) Hazard and for some years past they operated a pineapple plantation on Magnetic Island. Mr. Hazard died suddenly of a heart condition about 18 months ago.

Mrs. Hazard is survived by three sons and one daughter—all of whom are in their teens.

Captain Bell

Captain Bell, a former Resident Commissioner of Savaii Island, Western Samoa, and also of Niue Island, died in New Zealand on December 17. He had been living in retirement there for some years.

MR. W. GRAY Mr. W. Gray, for many years a resident in Fiji, died recently at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW. He was born in Ballan, Victoria, in 1882.

He was a member of the First Fiji Contingent during World War I, and was for some years with the Fiji Public Works Department. He is survived by three sisters and three brothers.

Mrs. W. Newton

Mrs. W. Newton died at Vatukoula, Fiji, on January 10 after a long illness.

Mrs. Newton is the se< daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A O’Connor, of Vatukoula.

Mr. G. Guinery

Mr. George Guinery, a well-kr citizen of Suva for nearly 50 y died in his sleep on January 9 ! a long illness. He was bon Sydney 69 years ago, but wen Fiji at an early age and was a time in the Customs Departn But for 41 years he was on the of Brown and Joske and their cessors, W. R. Carpenter and (Fiji) Ltd., retiring several y ago because of ill-health.

Mr. Guinery married in Suva Stella M. Larkin, who died ( years ago. They have one daug!

Miss Vivien Guinery, of Suva.

Lt-Col. James R. Matsc

Lieutenant-Colonel James Matson, who was Port Surgeo: Suva in 1943, died suddenly at Diego, California, USA, on tember 29, 1954. He was a bowler and was one of the highly respected members of Suva Bowling Club. He is sun by his widow and two childrer

Mr. R. J. Nosforthy

The death occurred in Sydne February 9 of Mr. Robert .

Nosworthy. 93, a former manap director of Burns, Philp and Ltd.

He joined that company in and after 60 years’ service, re about 12 years ago.

He is survived by four daugh

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Extended technical educatio: long overdue in Fiji as in most p of the Pacific. Too great an empl has been placed on academic edi tion.

Those whose catch-cry has 1 “political emancipation” for un developed countries overlook the that teaching the know-how of ing things is of more import! than preparing them for wl collar jobs. Good craftsman and pride in a job well done qualities sadly lacking everywl Before Mr. Lewis-Jones’ posals come into fo~ce—and accepted—Fijian opinion must appealed to. Those who drean political power as the ultimate r realise that for every leader Sukuna there should be thouss of carpenters, good farmers, other craftsmen. 146 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH

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[?]Edical Schools

IIFTEEN students left Papua- New Guinea in late January and early February to begin lining at the Central Medical hool, and Central Nursing School, Suva, Fiji. This is the largest jup from the Territory enrolled at ,va since the first group was it after the war. fhirteen of the students will go the Medical School, and two girls, ss Ingrid Lucker, a part-Euroin, and Miss M. Lew May Sui, a nese, will undergo nursing ning. Both are from Rabaul. mong the others are twin boys, les and Jack de la Cruz, of Lae. ir parents came from Guam in L James will study as a rmacist and Jack as a health lector. e following is the full list of male ents who will go to Suva. The name ich student is followed by his home let, the previous schools he has ided and what he will train as. in Tarutia, Kokopo; Methodist Mission 01, Keravat Education Centre; AMP. omas Tumu, Bougainville; Methodist ion School. Keravat Education Centre; o Toua, Port Moresby: LMS School, labada, Sogeri Education Centre; AMP.

Hip Matasororo. Milne Bay District; lean Mission School, Minj Malaria rol School: AMP.

Imes Vagi. Port Moresby; LMS School, labada, Sogeri Education Centre, AMP. mille Kuekue, Kairuku; Roman olic Mission School, Sogeri Education rc: AMP. (Over) [?]ss Ingrid Lucker, one of the two NG chosen to go to Suva.

Photo; Papuan Prints. 147 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY-F E B R U A R Y . 1955

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Editorial Note

The sending of native students om P-NG to Fiji for specialised aining is probably one of the most tiolesome contributions the former jrritory can make to the orderly Ivancement of its indigenous ople.

The state of advancement of the erage P-NG native is about 50 ars behind that of the average jian (and in this we count only ose P-NG natives who are in const with Europeans—the rest are antless years behind that).

From the Fijian, the intelligent ,puan can learn how to accept acefully that part of Western ilisation he requires, and, for the it, retain his own innate dignity d self-respect. For in Fiji the ich maligned British colonial ministration has accomplished the possible—has moulded, taught, ided, pushed, prodded and babied mg, an indigenous population it, after 80 years, is solidly, nost fanatically, loyal to all ngs British and to the Crown. fhis must be unique in Colonial tory, where the usual pattern is hate those who guide you and, ile receiving the benefits, to plot I revolution.

Award to Fijian Medical Orderly OR self sacrifice and devotion to duty, Private Tevita Seru, Ist Battalion, Fiji Infantry Regiment, has been irded the British Empire Medal. rivate Seru and his platoon were re- Jing from a patrol in the Rengam rict of Johore, Malaya, and had iped under a tree. While most of the i were sleeping, the tree crashed across r tent without warning, causing a pound fracture of Seru’s leg and ling four other men, two of whom 1- Private Seru, without regard to his injuries, rendered all possible stance to the injured.

Reviving Guano

WORKINGS

On Walpole

TRAVELLERS from New Caledonia in January reported that there was a move to revive the export of guano from French Walpole Island. The well-known Noumea firm, N. Johnson & Co., and other interests, have acquired the vessel Colorado del Mar (now renamed Havannah ) from Captain E. Savoie, and might put her into the guano trade.

Several years ago Captain Savoie investigated the possibility of exporting guano from Walpole to New Zealand, where most of Walpole guano went until the trade lapsed in the 1930’5. The deposits were then being exploited by the Austral Guano Co. Ltd., whose head office was in Melbourne.

Some of their machinery and equipment remained on Walpole after operations ceased —and possibly still remains there. A substantial quantity of guano remained “at grass.”

Two years ago, Seychelles guano from the Indian Ocean, of higher phosphatic content, could be landed in New Zealand at a figure sub- Chinese Wedding in Vila stantially below that which Captain Savoie considered economic. NZ opinion was that now having become familiar with the Seychelles product, farmers might be reluctant to change.

The Noumea concern may have markets other than NZ in view.

Japan’s supplies of high-grade phosphate from Angaur, in the American Trust Territory of Micronesia, ceased during 1954.

Walpole and Seychelles guano have a much lower phosphatic content than phosphate from Nauru, Ocean, Makatea, and Angaur. (Walpole, 150 miles S-E of New Caledonia, is a barren-looking, bow-shaped island thrust out of the sea. Sometimes sighted from aircraft on the Sydney-Nadi route).

Meeting Housing Needs In Fiji FOURTEEN Government-b ui 11 three-roomed flats in the Suva suburb of Samabula, have been let to Fijian, Indian, Chinese and part-European families. Six more flats will be finished by mid- February.

The Fiji Lands Department has been swamped with applications— many of which have come from people living in cramped conditions in Suva city. They far outnumber the flats available.

In Suva, 12 double units have been built in the Nabua Fijian settlement, Samabula, making a total of 22 double units built in the last two years. At Lautoka further houses of the cottage type designed by the former Government Architect (Mr.

C. N. Nettleton) will be built this year.

For the first time in many years Vila, New Hebrides, had a Chinese wedding on January 9. The wedding took place at the Chinese Club between Wong Tick Hing and Wong Yean Young. Mr. Wong has been a resident of Vila for about eight years, but Miss Wong is a newcomer. Photo shows Mr. and Mrs, Wong with their attendants, Fung Chan Po and Jacqueline Leong.

Photo: Fung Kuei. 149 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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Typical Official Blah-Blah on Subject of: Future of Solomons and New Hebrides SPEAKING in London in December (according to New Zealand Herald ) a Colonial Office spokesman said: • He had no knowledge that Australia was considering taking over from Britain the administration of Solomons, and (part-share with France) of New Hebrides. • There have not been any talks between Britain and Australia on this subject. • A report, 11 months ago, that Britain was preparing to sell out her interest in the New Hebrides to France was “nonsense”; and “the New Hebrides are not ours to sell, nor can France sell them to us.”

All of which the PIM, in its turn, described as nonsense, and typical of the way in which some highranking bureaucrats seek to deceive the public. Here are the facts, as the PIM knows them: There is no economic growth worthy of the name in the British Solomons or in the British side of the New Hebrides —and there is not likely to be, under present conditions. (The conditions were described in December and January PIM.) Without growth, the local revenues are not sufficient to pay the cost of even the small establishment which Britain maintains in the two Territories. Both require considerable subsidies —and Britain must be very weary of this endless drain.

The two Territories have no economic or political or strategical value for Britain. Whatever economic structure is in the archipelagoes is Australian* For economic and defence reasons, the two groups could be of value to Australia.

The suggestion that Australia should become responsible for both, and extend her extensive and efficient Papua-New Guinea administrative machinery over both has been discussed once at a formal level since the war and at an informal level a few times.

During the short period that Sir Percy Spender was Australian Minister for Territories, France (in reply to an official inquiry) signified her willingness to accept Australia in the New Hebrides Condominium, in place of Britain.

Australia was not eager to accept new Islands responsibilities. But it is generally believed that while Australia would take over Solomons from Britain, under certain conditions, Australia is definitely unwilling to join in the Condominium with France.

One of the alternatives which have been informally or secretly discussed is that Britain should abandon the New Hebrides to France (“sell” was merely a pleasantsounding fiction) so that Solomons could be offered to Australia “without any string attached to it.”

But the suggestion has been resisted by the two interests (Burns Philp & Co. Ltd. and the Australian Presbyterian Mission) which tried so hard 50 years ago, before the Pandemonium” was created, to induce Australia to officially enter the New Hebrides.

At the moment it looks like deadlock. But development events in relation to Asia may fc action of some kind. The archipelagoes—rich in natural sources—cannot be adequately ministered or developed under p sent conditions. Much of Asia overcrowded to the point of s focation. If the groups cannot made use of by the British i French, world opinion will in that they be made available to Asians. Australia may not like tl Morobe’s £295,000 Bridge Officially Open WHEN the £175,000 bridge Markham Point, near Lae, ] was opened by the Administrate!

P-NG, on January 29, it marked completion of the Territory’s big bridging project to date.

It is a Bailey-type bridge of steel spans and is 1,690 feet 1( Timber piers, made of clusters seven hardwood piles (mostly A tralian hardwood although sc New Guinea Kwila logs were us have been sunk 42 feet into river bed to hold the bridge. D level is 20 feet above normal w£ level.

The bridge is eight miles fi the mouth of the Markham, miles from Lae and 86 miles f] Wau. Hornibrooks Construct! built the bridge.

Prior to cutting a ribbon i driving across the bridge (v Morobe District Commissioner, H. L. R. Niall, and a representai each of the Department of Wc and Hornibrook Construct!

Limited) the Administrator s that the opening of the bridge ] special significance both for people of the Territory, and Australia.

It meant faster and more pendable transport for the out of the Bulolo plywood factory, sawmills of the Buolo-Wau a] the agricultural products of region, and a similar improvem of supplies from Lae for th industries, and the gold min operations of the Bulolo field.

With its approaches the bri< cost over a quarter of a millio: equal to one-quarter of the c of the Commonwealth New Guii Timbers Limited Plywood mill Bulolo.

The Administrator said t] when the plywood factory builds to its full capacity, 48 million squ feet of plywood will pass over bridge each year to overs markets, and to that tonnage m be added the sawn timber from three mills in the Wau-Bul Valley. 150 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH!

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Factory Representatives: SOUTH WEST PACIFIC TRADING CO., 27-29 King St., Sydney Beavers in Service in P-NG LAE, Feb. 1. rHE first two of four de Havilland Beaver light aircraft which Qantas Empire Airways have Kiught for service in New Guinea ind Papua arrived at Lae from Sydley during January. These planes ire to replace another de Havilland iroduct, the Drover, which was not i great success in the Territory.

The Beaver is made in Canada, t is a high wing, all metal monoplane powered by a Pratt and Vhitney Junior supercharged ngine. It has a wing span of 48 eet, a length of a little more than 9 feet and a maximum gross weight f 4,280 pounds.

The Beaver was designed for outack airline use and has operated rith distinction in the North-West territory of Canada and the Yukon, lore than 500 of these aircraft have een put into service.

Its fixed undercarriage is readily Dnvertible for floats or skis. Floats re to be fitted to one of the four ircraft to be used here. It is to ork in Papua on charter to the ustralian Petroleum Company.

Qantas Chief Pilot in the Terri- >ry, Captain Dick Davis, and Caplin Jack Stammer flew the first vo Beavers to Lae.

They flew the 2,018 miles in 18J ours’ flying time. As the aircraft ave a range, of only 500 miles several mdings were made en route. [?]ast and West Samoa [?]let Together [?]ith “Consultative Cmtte.” i N interesting development of k 1954, which has had remarkably little publicity was referred to r the Governor of Eastern Samoa, r. Richard B. Lowe, in his openig address to the Legislature at ago Pago in January. This was le formation of an Inter-Samoan ansultative Committee.

“This core committee,” said Mr. )we, “by agreement with the High immissioner of Western Samoa, is ade up of the Chief Executive and re leaders from each area. At prent the American Samoan reprentatives are the President of the mate, the Speaker of the House, id three District Governors.”

Problems of common interest are msidered by the Committee, but r. Lowe pointed out that “any msiderations regarding the soveignty of the two areas is outle the scope of the Committee.”

First meeting of the Committee ok place in Apia late in January. (See article, page 16, Jan. PIM.) 151 ACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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Warangoi Land For Natives, and Chinese?

I From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, Jan. 31. ; AND for Chinese settlers was j again discussed at the January 20 meeting of the New Britain istrict Advisory Council. iMore than two years ago, the len New Britain District Comissioner (Mr. J. K. McCarthy) mvened a meeting of the leaders I the Chinese community to inistigate their land needs.

It was agreed that provision must ‘ made for the growing Chinese >pulation to expand on to the nd. Recommendations that land i set aside for them were sent to )rt Moresby. No official reply has er been received.

The Warangoi Valley area is imber One on the priority list for e Chinese.

A soil survey report has listed it suitable cocoa land. More officials e expected to revisit the area iring February, presumably for a -appraisal. Native Lands Comissioner in New Britain, Mr. Jack ;ad, expects to have investigated id satisfied all native claims in e locality by the beginning of arch. There can then be no isible excuse for withholding the id from the public.

New Britain District Comssioner, Mr. J. R. Foldi, said at nuary’s District Council meeting at he knew of no reason why land ould be set aside for the Chinese. ‘The land, when available, will thrown open for application, not ' tender.” he said. “The Chinese n apply for it the same as anyone e. The actual cost of the land is initesimal compared with the lount required to develop it.” \ Chinese businessman when told Mr. Foldi’s remarks about the Jt of developing the land, said et the Government give us the id: if someone hasn’t got the >ney to develop his piece of )und, we’ll find it for him.”

Editorial Note Vith Mr. Foldi, we can see no ison why the Chinese should be gled out to have any landtlement scheme of their own— ire is nothing to prevent them plying for land like anyone else.

Vith all respect to the part they ve played in NG since the rman period, the Chinese have not been sufficiently conspicuous as agricultural pioneers to merit any special treatment. If we remember correctly, General Griffiths, when NG Administrator, had a scheme for settling young Chinese on land near Kerevat. It was not proceeded with—whether because Canberra disapproved or because the Chinese were not interested, we do not know.

There is certainly no reason why the rich Warangoi area should be “on the priority list for the Chinese.”

It is interesting to note, also, that Mr. Read expects shortly to have “satisfied” all native claims to the area.

It is well-known by everyone who knew NG before 1945, that the Warangoi was just a place-no-good to every Tolai native until the last few years, and wild horses could not have dragged them into it. No Tolai could be said to have “owned” any of it, in the native sense, or any other.

In fact, no one cared much about the Warangoi until a Rabaul timber firm built a road into it about 1950 and then applied to grow cocoa where they had felled the timber.

They were followed shortly afterwards by the local branch of the RSL, which asked for some of the land for soldier-settlement.

Some of this land probably is necessary for the resettlement of the increasing Tolais—and most thinking people will concede this without having the nonsensical business of native “claims” pushed down their throats.

But there should also be ample for other settlement—and if there is any priority for the latter, it should surely go to the two interests which have been plugging away at the Warangoi land question for the last four years—namely, the people who roaded it and opened it up, and the RSL. Certainly not the Chinese, who, as far as we know, have no particular claim to this rich area; and who should therefore take their chance with other late-comers.

Pacific Islands Society Annual Meeting AT the annual general meeting of the Pacific Islands Society in Sydney on January 27 the Committee reported a satisfactory state of affairs for 1954. New officebearers were elected, as follows: President: Major C. W. Swinbourne, OBE (re-elected) ; Vice- Presidents: Mr. N. H. Foxcroft; Mr.

J. R. Donaldson, Mr. A. E. Stephen, Mrs. H. E. Maude, Mr. R. W.

Robson. Honorary Secretary: Miss M. M. McGann. Assistant Hon. Sec.: Mr. L. T. Haynes. Councillors: Mrs. J. Edwards, Mrs. N. H.

Foxcroft, Mrs. A. H. A. Forrest, Mrs. M. S. Williamson, Mrs. H.

Sabben, Mr. H. Sabben, Mr. M. B.

Casey. fl A son was born to Mr. and Mrs.

John Hughes at Lae General Hospital on February 1. Mr. Hughes is with the Department of Agriculture, Bubia, near Lae.

A son was born to Mr. and Mrs.

Jim Huxley at Lae General Hospital on February 2. Mr. Huxley is with the Government Stores Branch, Lae. 153 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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Franz Westphal, 39 Moitkestrasse, Heidelberg, Germany (not Melbourne)—the home of research on U.R.T.I. (Upper Respiratory Tract Infection) wrote yesterweek—not yesteryear: “Asthma 20 years—tried 30 Continental treatments no effect —but some uncomfortable ones. Naturally prejudiced against Aspaxadrene, but it does do all you say—brought certain Pax (peace) to my Asthma.”

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Spteps Towards Educating Melanesian Natives PASTOR R. M. ELLISON. Educational secretary for the Coral Sea Union Mission of Seventh-Day Adventists, with headquarters at Lae, New Guinea, has prepared for all SDA mission schools in New Guinea, Papua and the Solomons. certain books and teaching aids for which missionaries and native teachers have been in great need.

Teachers’ Institutes are being held in various centres to distribute the books and aids and to instruct the teachers in their use. As these continue we expect to see much faster progress among the students.

Pastor Ellison’s “Village School Programme of Work” covers five consecutive years of school work on a weekly and for some subjects, a daily basis.

The Reading Aids, which have been produced in conjunction with the “Village School Number Book”, are prepared by Mrs. E. J. Gane of Goroka. These consist of a set of 120 cards and were produced on the new silk screen press at Lae; each set has a picture card and a word-matching card printed on both sides for each word. This is a new approach to the teaching of the child to read.

The “Village School Teacher’s Library” i s a selection of 30 English and Australian books, and a set is being given to each teacher who shows sufficient ability to grasp the reading matter, In the pr i nt ing of the 1,300 programme books and the syllabli, more than 150,000 duplicated nages were produced and of this quant it y two-thirds had to be slipsheeted. This work and the binding was do " e in the office at Lae, by the regular native staff.

A “Village School History Book” has also been prepared and suitably illustrat It includes articles on such subjects Courtesy, our Sovereign and the Ci Service, These books are printed in Ai tralia, with a tropic-resistant varnisl cover; it is possible to sell them at t shilling each and be free of debt.

The first external examination v recently held throughout the Coral S Union Mission and scores of grade ca were issued to students. It is hoped continue this scheme so that at the co pletion of each step of his schooling, native student will receive recognition the year’s work.

The Mission recognises that in tak away certain customs from the nat people something better must be si stituted. The Junior Missionary Volunt Society (similar to Boy Scouts’ organ! tion) is one answer to this proble Distinctive Honour Tokens have been i signed for the island young people rep senting such courses as Navigation, Bi House Construction, Soap Making. 1\ Making, Canoe Making, Rope and Str Making. One effect of this study a training is to encourage a continual of native crafts.

New Line In

FIJI

District Govermen

SUVA, Dec. 20 r'.E Governor’s recent plan to : organise District Administrati for Fijians is timely. 1 mana of the old-time Disti Officer still lingers; and, if Gove] ment has had to set the clock hi 16 years by re-establishing D.O.’s the agents between Provincial I ministration and Central Gove] ment it is not so much a denial the Fijians’ ability to handle th own affairs, as an admission haste in removing D.O.’s before 1 Fijian people were ready to ti over.

It is expected that the new offic will be given wider powers to p vide the “stiffening of leadersh hinted at; and the Fijians the selves will doubtless appreciate 1 opportunity of closer contact increase their own knowledge a experience.

The Summer Sales

THE bargain sale season appe to have extended to the stai collecting business. The folic ing announcement was made : cently by Australia’s Postmas General: Unused postage stamps and pos stationery of Papua, New Guin and Norfolk Island will be on s at all post offices in all Australi capital cities from February 2.

Unused postage stamps a stationery for the whole of the Co: monwealth and its territories, : eluding Nauru, will now' be ava able through the Post Office Phi telic Organisation.

Collating and binding the books at Lae, New Guinea. 154 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

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[T is now six months since Aus- -1 tralian Territories Minister lasluck announced that a Threeears Plan would be adopted for apua and New Guinea. It is still t the talking stage—but something lould emerge in April when Ausalian Cabinet is due to decide what art of the plan can be accomplished lis year.

Although most Territory residents Duld be happy to adopt any method hich would bring into action a nooth-flowing and continuous Drks plan, it is obvious that few ' them have any great belief in e efficiency of any Commonwealth an—Three Years, or otherwise.

Recently the Assistant Adminisator of P-NG, Mr. R. Wilson, has :en visiting Territory centres to scuss with residents what shou 1 d considered priority works in their iticular District.

A great deal of discussion —some it uncomplimentary in regard to te of progress in the Territory in e past—ensued before priorities ;re arrived at. From our Rabaul irrespondent we have received the [lowing:

Rabaul’S Three-Years’

PRIORITIES A summary of Works to be com- Jted in the New Britain District ring the three years’ period reads ambitiously as a Great Wall of lina project. [Jnder the sub-heading, “Rabaul,” 2 listed for completion: Sealing 98 miles of road; building ree hospitals; three schools; compounds and sub-comimds; 18 stores, apart from the wernment Stores Buildings; a w Administration General Offices ck; District Court; Police Station; :e Station; Ambulance Station; id; Police Barracks; Wharf; stoms sheds; Offices for the Har- Jr Master; Bulk Medical Stores, d Works Branch; Depots for the >rks Branch and Transport Pool; Technical Training School; sidences for Europeans (no num- • specified), and quarters for tive drivers and telephone Jrators.

E’S Modest Requirements

1 comparison, the requirements 9f Morobe District are exceedingly modest—apparently this strict is prepared to settle for a ger wharf. Our Lae corresponit writes; dumber one priority should go to ( extending of the Lae wharf to ible two overseas ships to be rked at the one time, rhis was the decision of the •robe District Advisory Council 155 &CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY, 1955

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/ WHILE you CLEAN YOUR TEETH ,

V' And Help Stop Tooth

Decay Best

Buy the Big Family Economy Size and SAVE 1/S when it sat in January to disc the Territory’s proposed Th Years’ Plan.

Earlier, the Lae Town Advis Council had given the extens to the Lae wharf, number 1 priority; the sealing of all m roads at Lae was regarded number one.

The need for the extension of Lae wharf and Customs facili l was emphasised when more tl 3,200 tons of cargo was hand there in one week during Janu£ Produce Piles Up in Apia Wharf She OUR Apia correspondent repor early in January that 3,500 t of copra and 600 tons of coi beans were awaiting shipment fr that port, only a part of which \ likely to be cleared during month.

The Weybank for the Uni Kingdom, and Thorsisle for United States were to load later the month, and another Be freighter was expected in Febru; to load both copra and cocoa the UK.

The October-December cocoa c: is now harvested in Samoa, £ prospects are rather poor for March-April crop. Continuous 1 weather has turned flowers £ pods black.

Late December, first grade coi beans were being sold to mai English buyers at around £Stg.J FOB Apia. American offers w difficult to obtain.

Prospects for the 1955 ban£ crop appear bright, with large ar on Savaii and Upolu now com into bearing. An export figure 350,000 cases is predicted.

Samarai Gets First Harbourmaster THE former manager of the P-1 Shipping Service, Captain J.

Evans, joined the Administ tion of Papua-New Guinea in Jar ary. He will go to Samarai as 1 area’s first harbour-master.

Captain Evans spent seve months at a radar course in El land before joining the Admin tration. He was awarded the M! in the New Year honours list his work with the Shipping Serv in the Territory when his he£ quarters were Rabaul.

His main job then was to disp< of the Administration’s smallsh fleet to private enterprise. In t he was so successful he sold hims out of a job within a couple of yea 156 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHI

The Ideal Refrigerator

MODEL 225

For Mobile Use!

“Hardie & Spear” refrigerators are Ideal for smallships, caravan or any type of mobile use.

The specially designed Mobile Kerosene Tank eliminates all danger of spilled kerosene or of fluctuation or instability of flame.

Available In Three

SIZES There is a “Hardie & Spear” refrigerator for your home too.

Write for full particulars to the Sole Pacific Agents:— KERR BROS. PTY. LTD.

Box 3838, G.P.0., Sydney.

Pitcairn’s Claims About Norfolk Is. Constitution HHE people of Norfolk Island — [ currently at war with Canberra, and organising an appeal to the ueen (see article elsewhere) jviously are under the impression tat they live under a “Constitu- Dn" granted to them 100 years ago r Queen Victoria, and that they ally do not owe allegiance to Ausalia. They are quite wrong. But ,e error can be excused. NI has id a strange history.

Nothing has been found to sugst that this lovely isle ever was cupied by human beings before it st was taken over as a New South ales convict settlement in 1789. len, except for an interval of 13 ars, it was a convict station until 55. Somewhere in the early part ; the 19th century responsibility r the NI administration was transrred from New South Wales to smania. [n 1856, Britain decided to remove 5 persons from Pitcairn to the w empty Norfolk. Of these, 46 ;urned to Pitcairn and 150 relined to establish the present Pitirners’ community on NI. 3y an Imperial Order in Council 1856, the administration of Nork Island was transferred from smania to the Governor of NSW, :h plenary powers; but NI was )daimed a distinct and separate tlement, with a Great Seal of [own. ( N occasions, since then, the Pitcairners on NI have claimed that NI and all it contains 5 given to them by the Queen, t there is no documentary evid- ;e of that. On the contrary, this Dn record, and having been conred to the Pitcairners in writing Mr. Toup Nicholas, “British tisul in the Society Islands”: I am at the same time to acquaint i that you must be pleased to ierstand that Norfolk Island can- < be ceded to the Pitcairn inders, but that grants of allotnts of land will be made to the 'erent families, and I am desired further let you know that it is intended: at present to allow / other class to settle or reside occupy land upon the Island” ’his was sent to them in 1856, evidently never was clearly lerstood, because in 1900 the rfolk Islanders petitioned the ig, begging him to intercede to port their claim to lands, resides and the NI Fund The tish Government referred the tter to the Governor of NSW; latter sent it to the Attorneyleral of NSW; and an opinion > obtained from Sir Edmund ’ton, first Australian Prime Minr. The latter stated that the Jaimers in NI had no claim to NI properties, except to those lands which had been granted to them individually, in allotments.

In 1906, the Governor of NSW (Sir Harry Rawson) visited NI (a dependency of NSW) and informed a public meeting that the matter had been settled and could not be reopened. In 1907, the British Parliament passed an Act providing that properties concerning which there had been so much argument belonged absolutely to the Crown.

Certain lands were designated as belonging to the Pitcairners and their descendants.

When the Island was given the status of a Crown Colony, NSW Governor Denison proclaimed, for the Colony, a simple code of laws: and these remained in force until July 1, 1914, when (in accordance with an Act passed by the Commonwealth Government and assented to by the British authority) Norfolk Island became a Territory of Australia.

Whatever agreement was made by the British Crown with the Pitcairners in 1856 clearly was merged in the Code of Laws proclaimed by Governor Denison of NSW; and the latter, in turn, disappeared when the Australian Commonwealth took over in 1914.

The Apia Rugby Football Union is to investigate the possibility of a visit from a Fijian team next season. There are also possibilities of an invitation being extended to a Maori team to visit Western Samoa.

On Australia Day, January 26, the Consul for Australia in New Caledonia, Dr. Cumpston, and Mrs.

Cumpston, entertained 130 guests at a reception in Noumea. Those present included French citizens as well as Australian and British nationals.

SPC Official In Canberra Dr. Guy Loison, Medical Research Officer of the South Pacific Commission, attended the Health Education Seminar held in Canberra in January. An evening of the seminar was devoted to an exhibition by Dr.

Loison of posters, pamphlets, etc., prepared by the Commission’s technical staff for use among Pacific islanders. He is shown here (left) with other delegates. 157 CIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY FEBRUARY, 1955

Classified Advertisements Per line, 2/-; Minimum, 6 lines.

Drive Yourself Ca

SYDNEY VISITORS Drive yourself sei All new Renaults, rates 6d per mile free N.R.M.A. road service, free insun and free oil. This is the lowest rai Sydney. Telegraph or Cable “Berkil Sydney. Ira L. & A. C. Berk Pty. 72 William Street. ’Phone: M 4702,: IN SYDNEY.—Drive yourself—all HoU cheapest rates, N.R.M.A. road sei Make the most of your leave. Sy (late Wentworth) Drive Yourself, Wentworth Ave.. or 196 Elizabeth St..

MA 9204 (after hours. FM3113"

DRIVE YOURSELF CARS.—At your vice in Brisbane. Lloyd-De Laurier Ltd., Rowes Cafe Lane, Edward Brisbane, Queensland. Phone: FA Enquiries invited.

Positions Wantedi

MOTOR MECHANIC (English), experts in Diesels and as foreman, de position; preference for Fiji, Sa* Tonga. Age 31, married, one child, of references. Write: Grandison, “P.1.M.”, Box 3408, G.P.0., Sydney.

DUTCHMAN, 33, single, with wide k: ledge of tropical agriculture and prao experience sub-tropical crops, position in coconut, cocoa, or o plantation in Papua-New Gut Graduate of Tropical Agriculture Se Engaged last six years in Austr agricultural work. Please reply by mail. “Keen”, p/- P.1.M., Box G.P.0., Sydney.

YOUNG MAN (18), single, Australian, farming experience in Northern Terri seeks position as assistant on plants; in Papua-New Guinea, Solomon Isis New Hebrides or Fiji. Prepared to own fare to Territory. Reply by aii to; K. O. Christiansen, c/- Box G.P.0., Sydney.

SINGLE, reliable, energetic young good refs., with preference for less uj way of life, is free to accept inces position most anywhere in Pacific XslsJ as from mid-April. For further pan lars/offers, please write "Vee” C/-: 3408, G.P.0., Sydney. Will reply to o received before end of March.

PENFRIENDS DON’T BE LONELY.—Men and w\ all over Australia are finding hapn through my Friendship & Matrima Correspondence Club. Someone wans be YOUR friend. Select and confides Write TO-DAY. No obligation. Lock.; Dorothy Pope Friendship Club (rr Box 182, Haymarket P. 0., Sydney, N..

HELP yourself and another lonely pu to a full life. Be introduced modern way by correspondence. Men in Australia and overseas. All ages (• 18 on), faiths, nationalities and wall) life; cities and country. State age, , languages, etc., and write for free ii mation brochure to be sent to you plain sealed envelope, to: Milton’s Fn ship Club (Regd.), Dept. 5, G.P.0., Strictly confidential —No obligation— Australians welcome.

ACCOMMODATION FIAT AT MANIT, Sydney. Aost —5 min. surf, ferry, pool, shops, overlooks Manly, Ocean, Heads. LUXURY fum., w./w. carpets, refrig., hot water, ’phone, garden & lawns. Accommodation; Dbl. 8., 2 5.8.; Day B. IMPORTANT: Due to difficulty experienced in arranging date of arrival with vacant accommodation, I am inviting applications and ALTERNATIVE DATES.

Please state period required for. Reply to “Manly Holiday”, G.P.O. Box 417, Sydney.

Holiday At Avalon, N.S.W.—Five

minutes to Palm Beach—idyllic holiday or honeymoon spot in magnificent surroundings! Lovely rooms, flatettes; all facilities; Ist-class French and Aust. cuisine. No Xmas vacancies. Information from Desk P, Riviera Private Hotel, Avalon, N.S.W.

Telegrams; "Riviera, Avalon”.

NORFOLK ISLAND, “Burnt Pine” Real Estate Agency. Cable Address: “Adage, Norfolk Island”. Properties for sale in peaceful surroundings and beautiful climate of Norfolk Island. All enquiries promptly attended to.

STOP, when in Sydney, at the French Pension beautifully situated in Double Bay, within walking distance of the Cross: 10 minutes to the city.

ENJOY the large pleasant rooms, the convenience of having both breakfast and dinner, the cosmopolitan atmosphere and an opportunity to speak French as well as English.

WRITE or phone for reservations to: Mrs. M. Laigle, 6 South Ave., Double Bay, Sydney. Telephone: PB 3549.

DR. AND MRS. H. L. ZIELE, New Zealanders, wish to announce they have opened their home, centrally situated in peaceful surroundings at Double Bay, for Pacific Islands and Interstate guests, for bed and breakfast. Laundry facilities; adjacent to excellent restaurants at Double Bay; 10 minutes from City.

Under the personal supervision of Mrs.

Ziele, 37 Manning Rd., Double Bay, Sydney. Phone: FM 2761.

PERSONAL 33 MM. KODAKCHROME ENTHUSIASTS.

Would like to correspond with amateur photographers in Papua, N.G., and U.S.

Trust Territory, with view to exchanging colour slides of those areas for similar type slides of the Torres Strait Islands.

All correspondence answered. Captain A.

Mellor, F.R.G.S., Department of Native Affairs, Thursday Island, Queensland.

FOR LEASE WHO wants to lease small island property?

If so, contact the undersigned for particulars. The place: Lumbom (Walls) Island.

St. George’s Channel, New Ireland, New Guinea; Area: 295.88 hectares freehold: approximately 1,500 palms; some good timber, also grove betel nut palms. No nuts collected for over 12 months; production about iy 2 tons per month; Talbung and Lailai on reef. Carter (Tadjl Nick), 67 Bayliss St.. Auchenflower, Queensland.

FOR SALE FAMILY HOME in beautiful condition at Lane Cove, V.P., 4 mins, school, tram, bus Wynyard, shops, 3 bedrooms, separate lounge and dining rooms, sleep out or sun room, 2 sewered toilets, all floor coverings, etc., £5,300. Miss O. Roche, 49 Austin St., Lane Cove. ’Phone: JB 2420.

IN PAPUA.—Slipway, take vessels to 200 tons. Fully stocked workshops. Price: £7,000. Timbermill, 1,748 acres. Available cocoa, agriculture, etc., immediately timber is out. Price; £3,000. Write airmail: H. W. Johnstone, Samarai, Papua- New Guinea.

Electric Generating Sets.—New 9

K.V.A. English “Meadows” 240 volt single phase or 415 volt 3 phase, 50 cycles, driven by 18 H.P. petrol engine, radiator cooled to suit tropical conditions. Complete with switch board and voltage regulator.

Two only, balance of stock—special price to clear £350 each, F. 0.8., Sydney. Available for test before shipment. Hardman & Hall, 161 Missenden Road, Newtown, Sydney.

GARDNER MARINE DIESEL 60 H P. 6.L.2. in running order with reverse gear 2y 2 "

Tail Shaft Naval Bronze 7'-7" Propeller 33". Price £BOO. Engine without reverse gear and accessories £6OO. Reply to: L.

Collis, Esq., “Twyford House”, 17 Castlereagh St., Sydney, Australia.

HOME & INVESTMENT, Norfolk Island.— Situated in 25 acres Freehold land; one of the best homes on the Island. 3 b’rooms., Drawing & Lounge rms., etc.

Very well furnished. Beautifully laid out gardens, fernery, orchard (50 fruit & nut trees), permanent water, firewood.

Australorp hens, 6 cows; together with the financial interest in the Norfolk Island Theatre (competent staff). For particulars write airmail to: Mrs. N. F.

Davies, “Idlewhile Park”, Norfolk Island.

BOOKS ANT NEW BOOK (English), which Is In print now, posted to you in a few days.

I also find rare and out-of-print books to order. Large Pacific clientele. Banking accounts at Sydney and Wellington. Write Philip R. Boulton, Bookseller, Westbury Wilts, England.

C HEAP READING.—Send 6 old novels and 5/ receive 6 fresh books in return H. C. Wegert, 213 Kennedy Terrace.

Bardon, Brisbane, Queensland. b

Wanted To Purchase

GUEST HOUSE or similar.—Middle - aged English couple, seeking semi-retirement within next 12 months, desire purchase Guest House, or any proposition giving small income with easy life; sub-tropics, Norfolk Island or similar climate. R.M.G., 151 Sea St., Herne Bay. Kent, England. 158 FEBRUARY, 1955 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTH*

Make your house a HOME with pressurised running water //\^r I Toilet Laundry Bathroom Kitchen Garden M.W.S % .

NEVERTIRE

Pressure Water Systems

put water where you want it, when you want it. In the house, in the garden, the dairy or the yard, a city amenity at very low cost. Entirely automatic in operation, the “Nevertire” will operate from any electrical system. 3 Models available—2Bo—4so—Bso g.p.h.

DANGAR, GEDYE & MALLOCH LTD. 10-14 Young Street, Circular Quay, Sydney.

P.O. Box 509. Radiograms: “Dangars,” Sydney.

Local Agents: R. Gillespie (N.G.) Ltd., RABAUL. Century Motors, LAE. Pacific Island Motors, PORT MORESBY. A. H. Bunting Ltd., SAMARAL F. L. Kwock Cheong, RABAUL. Madang Slipways Ltd.. MADANG.

W. J. Meehan, KAVIENG. J. H. Ellis, GOROKA. [?]dex to Advertisers E 29 k R. Ltd. . 38 ,L. & F. . 147 in Co. 102, 115 i-Vite ... 74 linium Ltd. 32 tco Pty. Ltd. 34 lion Ltd. . 110 -tt, Wm. . . 2 xadrene 154 0 . . 61 B. Tr. Jnls. 115 lan Sales . 33 f Recondibers . . . 150 r, W. Jno. 61 : of NSW . 119 ; of NZ . . 57 ell. Gwyn . 5 and-Rae . 118 iell-Spence 139 i.C 8 iwicks Int . . . 121 bon Bros 125 :woldt . 66, 92 m. W. S. 106 :veldt, G. 114 >1 Myers . 43 ih Paints . 76 lon & Co. 42 t Pty. . . 50 ng, A. H. . 73 iughs . . 152 W. G. . . 41 74, 85, 136, 142 iry Fry . 144 ’s Studios 65 inter 67, 128, cov. iv fied ... 158 in’s ... 59 te 122, 143, 156 is Books . 12 in’s French am . . . 133 in’s Mus- -1 .... 141 ial Meat . 46 r W’s’n. 65, 124 '■ Bros. . 101 mond Co. 100 i .... 57 an Paints 151 1 .... 138 C. . . 116, 159 d Ltd. . . 66 ass. W. C. 47 p Rubber 42 lopaedia 3O >n, L. . . 121 maid ... 98 r, Wm. . 122 ike & lecke ... 53 ;e Rum . . 97 le’s Chicks 9 ter Eng. . 106 tt, D. & M. 160 :k Hotel . 7 a Remola 129 i Battle . 109 W. & A. 114 pie Bros. . 97 pie, R. 1, 62, '6, 114, 120, 135 e Ltd. . . 127 n Vale . . 35 n’s Gin . 49 im Books . 58 . (Suva) . 9 Ltd. . 5, 118 rsen, B. . 105 rsen, Sons 107 ton Court 145 e & Spear 157 y Trinder 131 Agencies 87 gs Diesels 132 ys Ltd. . 104 Hellaby Ltd. . 11l H. & R. . . .27 Holbrooks Ltd. 137 Hygela Co. . . 93 Is. Industries . 95 Is. Merchants . 38 Is. Transport . 113 Johnson’s Wax 86 Kennedy, Capt. 110 Kerr Bros. . . 141 Kiwi Polish . . 46 Kodak .... 45 Kopsen & Co. . 108 Lillis & Co. . . 72 Maclntyre, T. . 51 Maurlyn Ind. . 126 Mendaco ... 73 Millers Ltd. . . 54 Mitchell. R.

Wallace ... 40 M. H. Ltd. . 22, 55 Morgan Vernex 56 Mungo Scott . 146 Mcllrath’s ... 26 N. &. R. . . 39, 113 Needham & Co. 69 Nestle’s .... 48 NG Aust. Line . 3 Nile Products . 64 Nirex 56 ... 89 Noyes Bros. . . 28 NZNAC 6 ’acific Consolidated . . 137 P. I. Line ... 4 Papuan Prints . 45 Penfold, W. C. 31 Piccaninny Wax 155 Qantas . . . cov. li Qld. Insurance . 37 Qld. Milling . . 90 Quirk’s Co. . . 140 Ransomes Co. . 153 Refrig. Inst. Co. 98 Riette, A. . . . 117 Riverstone Co. . 68 Rohu, Sil . . . 69 Sails & Covers 109 Scott’s Detergent 36 Seppelt & Son . 60 Seward Ltd. . . 117 Shaw Savill . . 4 Shell Co. ... 63 Southwell Ltd. 70 Spartan Co. . 71 Spruso Co. . . 24 S. Ltd. . . 94 Stapleton Pty. 149 Stebbins, Ivan F. 34 Stewarts-Lloyds 62 Sthn. Pac. Ins. 53 Sullivan Ltd. . 50 Tait. W. S. . . 89 Taylor & Co. . 49 T. . . cov, iii Technoimpex . 10 Thornycroft Co. 130 Tilley Lamps . 99 Tillock & Co. . 75 Tongan Photos 125 Tooheys Ltd. . 112 Tooth & Co. . 70 Turners Supply 94 Tusculum ... 58 Tyneside Eng. . 103 United Radio . 101 University Graham ... 44 Vacuum Oil Co. 52 Ventura . 37, 160 Vi-Stim .... 102 Vincent’s APC . 25 Wakefield Oils 123 Warnock .... 90 Westfield Meats 88 Wills Ltd. ... 148 Wise Bros. . . 129 Wright & Co. . 105 Wunderlich Co. 91 Yorkshire Ins. . 31 159 ; IFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY— FEBRUARY. 1955

FIJI Aug..1939 July, ’54 Feb.

Emperor . . b9/ll bl7/9 Sl 4/' Loloma . . .

S25/6 b27/s25/ PAPUA-NEW GUINEA Bulolo . . . bl24/s60/b53/ Mandated All. b3/8 bl/sl/ll N.G.G. Ltd. . bl/10 bl/llVz S2/11 Oil Search .

S3/11 b32/sl5/ Ent. of N.G. . s3/S Oriomo Oil . b5/- S15/6 s8/- Papuan Apln. b4/ll b7/2 s4/3l Placer Dev. . b68/6 b260/s290) Sandy Creek . bl/5 s6d s6d Purchasers at Full Market Prices on Assay Value of

Gold, Silver

and PLATINUM Also Platinum Group Metals Some of Our Services: ASSAYERS & ANALYSTS.—Assays of Bullion, Ores, etc. Analyses of Metals, Minerals, Alloys, etc.

Scientific And Industrial

METALLURGISTS.—Our range of precious metal manufactures covers all industries —Gold and Silversmiths Electrical Trades, Dental Profession, Glass Silverers, Electro- Platers, etc., etc.

REFlNERS.—Purchasers and Refiners of Bullion, Scrap, Mining By-Products, and Trade Residues of every description carrying Precious Metals.

Garrett, Davidson &

MATTHEY PTY., LTD., 834 George St., Sydney. Works: Surry Hills & Chippendale, N.S.W.

Official Assayers to Bank of N.S.W.

Gazetted Agents of Commonwealth Bank, under the Gold Regulations of the National Security Act.

Consign Your Shell To VENTURA TRADING CO. PTY. LTD.

26 Bridge Street, Sydney

We can offer highest prices for all types of Shell and Island Produce, and invite your inquiry.

Cables: “VENTURA,” Sydney.

Islands Produce

(Unless otherwise stated, quotations are in Australian currency. Aust. £ equals approximately 24/- Stg., NZ, or W.

Samoa; 22/6 Fiji; 20/- Tonga, Solomons & WPHC areas; 140 Pac. Francs; 5U53.23.) COPRA Price negotiated between British Ministry of Pood and British South Pacific Territories for 1955 is £ Stg.6s, FOB main ports—a reduction of 7-1/7 on the 1954 price. Stabilisation funds and other charges reduce the actual prices to producers to those given below, per ton: PAPUA-NEW GUINEA:—Hot Air £69/7/6; FM (Sun) £6B/12/6; Smoked £65/17/6.

FIJI: —Plantation £F6I/5/6; FM £F6I; moister grades £FS9/15/-, £FSB/15/-, £FS7/15/-.

W .SAMOA:—£SS3/6/-. £SS3, £SS2/10/for the three gradings in use.

E. SAMOA:—Adjusted with free-market fluctuations. Currently $89.60 (£A4O approx.) per long ton. Periodic bonus if average proceeds exceed Government buying price.

SOLOMONS:—Honiara / Gizo: Hot Air £A67/10/-; Mixed HA/FM £A6I/10/-; FM £ A57/10/-; Yandina: 5/- higher.

NEW HEBRIDES:—Jan. 28: 76.000 metrop. francs, c.i.f. Cent, ports (£A99/5/approx.).

FRENCH OCEANIA:—Latest quotation 8.50 and 8.07 Pac. francs per kilo for the two gradings in use, delivered in bulk, Papeete. (£A6I/12/-- £ A5B/8/- per long ton.).

COOK IS.:—Growers receive £ Stg.37/3/to £Stg.3o/6/- depending on quality and freight rates from particular island to Rarotonga.

COCOA: —Islands prices are based on the rate for Accra cocoa. Sydney February 4 quotation £Stg.4oo-£Stg.4lo.

N.G.: No quote available.

Samoa; £Stg.39s f.0.b., Apia.

COFFEE.—P.-N.G. Maximum 6/6 lb.

PEANU»TS.—P.-N.G.: —Ready sale Sydney for Virginia Bunch, in shell, large, well cleaned, at 1/6 per lb.

RUBBER. —P.-N.G. price is based on Singapore. Feb. 4: No. 1 RSS, spot, buyers IOSVs cents (SeVfed Aust.) per lb., f.0.b.; London, spot, buyers SOVad Stg.‘, early delivery 29%d Stg.

VANILLA BEANS. —Sydney quotation by Victor Karp, Tulk & Co.; Tahiti.—White and Yellow label 77/-, Green 76/-, c.i.f.

RlCE:—Price adjusted May 1 each year.

P.-N.G.: Dry brown and dressed £B3 per ton, f.o.b. Other Pacific Islands £9O.

PEARL SHELL.—Prices fixed between Torres Strait producers and Otto Gerdau Co. (USAI for 1955; Sound grades, £A735; D, £ A 390; E, £A3OO; EE, £A225, all f.o.b. Australian port. Manihiki: Last available quotation £ Stg.3so, f.o.b. Rarotonga. Rising tendency.

TROCHUS:—In store, Syd., subject to rejects: NG. £3lO-£320; N. Hebs., £300; Solomons, £265-£275.

GREEN SNAIL;—NG, £210; Solora £lBO.

London And U.S. Prices

Copra:—London, Jan. 14: Straits, c £Stg. 74/5/- (£ A92/16/- approx.);; Hebrides, afloat, 78,000 metrop. fr (£ AlOO/5/- approx.); Philippines, F Mar. delivery. $205 (£A9I/10/- appro Feb. 4: Straits, c.i.f., £Stg.73; Hebrides, afloat, 77,000 metrop. franc Cocoa:—London, Jan. 14: Accra/La Jan. delivery, £Stg.3Bl; March. £Stg, May, £Stg.3Bl. New York: Jan. 14, s 45.80 cents; May delivery, 45.49 cents., Coffee:—London, Jan. 14; Uganda/Bul native robusta, f.a.q., unwashed, f Mombasa, prompt delivery, £Stg.326; F March, £Stg.32s; Kenya “A”, ££ 718/10/-; “B”, £Stg.673/10/-; £Stg.477. Prime Santos, £Stg.ss7, bond London. New York: Prime Sar March delivery, 63.25 cents; May, 5 cents; July, 55.20 cents.

Trochus:—Last London quotation ; 17: Singapore, early delivery, c £Stg.46s; Sing. / Macassar, £Stg.

Mergui, £Stg.32s; Padang, £Stg Supplies short.

Greensnail:—London, Dec. 17: Singap £ Stg.34o.

Islands Mining Sha[?]

Exchange Rates

FlJl.—Through BANK OF NSW, .

BANK and BANK OF NZ. Australia on basis £lOO Fiji: Buying. £Alll/2/6; Sell £AII3. Fiji-London, basis £lOO Lorn B. £llO/12/6; S. £ll2. NZ-Fiji, basis i NZ: B. £lll/11/9; S. £llO/4/3.

SAMOA.—Through BANK OF NZ. i tralia on Samoa, basis £lOO Sac B. £ A123/12/6; S. £AI24/10/9. San London, basis £lOO London: B. £lOO/ S. £lOl/10/-. Samoa-NZ, basis £lOO B. £100; S. £lOO/10/-. Samoa-Fiji, b £lOO Samoa: B. £111; S. £llO.

Papua - Ng.—Commonwealth Ba

(Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul, Kavii Madang), BANK OF NSW (branches:: Moresby, Lae, Bulolo, Rabaul, MadJ Samarai; agency: Wau) and ANZ BA (Port Moresby) quote exchange Australia-Papua-NG: 10/- per £lOO.

Bsl—Commonwealth Bank (Bra

at Honiara) quotes exchange rate I tralia-BSI: 10/- per £lOO.

FK. PACIFIC COLONIES.—Pacific fra most valuable of the three franc gro in French Union, are used in New C donia, New Hebrides, and Fr. Oceas FRENCH BANK (Comptoir Natii D’Escompte de Paris) in Sydney quo Selling 140 Pac. fr. to £Aust.; 180 fr. to £Stg.; 63 Pac. fr. to US $.

The Norwegian steamer Gora has been chartered by the Nio Co., at Noumea, for 15 months t will carry nickel ore from the m ing centres to the smelters Noumea between voyages to M tralia for coal and coke. snibllshed by PACIFIC PTOLICATIONS PTY. LTD.. 29 Alberta street, Sydney. (Telephone: MA 9197.) Wholly set up am printed In Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd.. 29 Alberta Street. Sydney.

one deaf aid QO or one ton of fruit a> s' A P 4 3 send it by TEAL Air Cargo Whether you want to speed a deaf aid to a wealthy aunt in Samoa or a bulk consignment of tropical fruit to the New Zealand market, TEAL will provide the transport.

TEAL air cargo services operate for your benefit along the Coral Route — Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Samoa, Cook Islands, Tahiti, 1 Tonga.

Wise people use it for personal presents because they can be sure their gifts will arrive in good order and in good time.

Wide-awake commercial enterprises freight by TEAL air cargo and bring their customers the latest goods quickly—ensure minimum delay in restocking popular lines, in meeting special orders.

Special commodity rates for bulk commodities, such as meat, butter, fruit, shipped regularly.

For personal satisfaction and better business, use TEAL air cargo. For quicker delivery of inward goods specify TEAL air cargo.

Enquiries and reservations from TEAL offices and Cargo Agents at all TEAL route points. (See below).

Tasman Empire Airways Limited

in association with QANTAS and 8.0.A.C. * MELBOURNE TAHIT: AUCKLAND TONGA CHRISTCHURCH

Cook Islands

FEBRUARY, 1855 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

a. r 1 <

General Merchants

i * wmmm. & Capital £1,000,000 ESTABLISHED 1914

General Merchants

and PROVIDORES

Trade Throughout The Pacific

OVER THIRTY-FIVE YEARS OF PACIFIC ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT AND SERVICE

Buyers And Exporters Of All Kinds

OF ISLAND PRODUCE, COPRA, COCOA, M.O.P. SHELL, TROCAS SHELL, ETC.

Agents For Australian, European

AND AMERICAN MANUFACTURERS.

Distributors Of Every Description

OF MERCHANDISE.

Through our Sydney office, branches and agents, we distribute a wide and comprehensive range of general merchandise.

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD Head Office: 16 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W.

Cable Address: “CAMOHE.”

In London: Telephone: BW 4421.

Postal Address: G.P.0., Box 168, Sydney.

W. R. Carpenter & Co. (London) Ltd., 13 Rood Lane, London, E.C.3.

ASSOCIATED COMPANIES THROUGHOUT THE PACIFIC: IN NEW GUINEA: IN PAPUA: IN FIJI: New Guinea Company Limited, Rabaul, Lae, Madang, Kavieng.

Island Products Ltd., Port Moresby.

W. R. Carpenter & Co. (Fiji) Ltd., Suva.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY—P E B R U A R Y . 1955