Pacific Islands Monthly

Vol. XVI, No. 10 (16 May, 1946)
1946-05-16 · uncorrected OCR from NLA scans

PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly May 16, 1946 VOL. XVI. No. 10. istablished 1930.

Btf^SEEvWHm ■.. r ßegistered by post as a newspaper ] 1/- THIS striking photograph of Lieut-Col. Ratu Sir Lala Sukuna was taken by the "Sydney Morning Herald” photographer just after a party officers had arrived in Sydney from Suva by Qantas flying-boat. Ratu Sir Lala leads the Fiji Victory Contingent which is now on its way to London aboard HMS “Atheling” to take part in the Victory March on June 10.

The Fiji contingent (which also includes some Tongans) comprises 82 officers and men. Their average height is six feet, and a large number have been decorated. Besides Ratu Sir Lala, other officers are: Major R. O. Freeman, MC, Major Ratu E. T. Cakobau, MC, Lieutenant T. H.

Andrews, FRNVR, Captain I. Q. Korovulavula, MC, Lieutenant P. Lobendahn, MC, Lieutenant G. Mate, MM, and Lieutenant A. Tavuto, MM.

am via The British Empire Route LONDON SYDNEY 6j /fours SYDNEY-LONDON-by Lancastrian Qantas leads again with British Overseas Airways Corporation in re-eStablishing yet another vitally important link in the Empire chain of air communication.

Broken in 1942 and by-passed by the Qantas Indian- Ocean Route of 3,500 miles for the three years, the Empire Route via Singapore, now resumed, paves the way for a Steady increase of services and frequencycombining unparalleled speed and comfort.

Qantfa StHju/te^i/uwufa AUSTRALIA’S INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

Tilley Lamps

Burn Ordinary Kerosene

The Modern Form of PORTABLE LIGHTING Table Lamp Model T.L. 13 This photo shows a 300 c.p, Tilley Lamp for domestic use but there are also 5000 c.p. Floodlights, Outdoor Lamps, Radiators, etc. All burn ordinary kerosene.

Tilley Lamps are made only at Hendon, England.

Because they are so successful copies of the TILLEY LAMPS are being marketed.

Be Sure You Buy A Tilley Lamp

Look For The Name!

A quality product born of long Manufacturing Experience Shipments available four weeks from receipt of order THE TILLEY LAMP CO., HENDON, N.W.4, ENG.

REPRESENTATION : MELBOURNE : T. H. Bentley, Pty. Ltd., 123-125 William Street, Melbourne, Cl.

TASMANIA : Mr. C. Sellars, 108 a Charles Street, Launceston.

FIJI : Mr. K. Witherington, 2 Burns Philp Buildings, Suva. 1 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

Equal to the World’s Best Throughout Australia and Overseas there is an ever-increasing demand for

Colonial & Bronte

High-Grade Canned Meats

There is no better quality—none more wholesome.

Trade Meats For The Islands

order

“Colonial” Brand

Roast, Corned and Boiled Beef Parked in 6. 5. 4, 3. 2. 1 lb. and 12 oz. tins.

Also Corned Beef in 12 oz. Taper Tins.

Roast, Corned and Boiled Mutton. 1 lb. and 12 oz. tins.

Choice Dripping 36 lb.. 2 lb., 1 lb. tins, and 1 lb. packets. mrt A HP Under present conditions it is wise to ensure that you have ample stocks of all our lines.

The Colonial Wholesale Meat Coy. Pty. Ltd.

30 Grosvenor Street, Sydney

NELSON and ROBERTSON Pty. Ltd.

Established 1895 Shipowners - Brokers and Islands Merchants All classes merchandise purchased at Best Wholesale Prices. Original Invoices supplied to Island Clients. Cocoa Beans, Copra, Rubber, Trochus Shell and All Islands 7 Produce Sold on Commission.

Entrust your requirements to the firm with fifty years' practical experience in the Pacific Islands.

Nelson & Robertson Si

12 Spring Street, Sydney, Australia

Telegraphic Address: IVAN, SYDNEY.

PRELIMINARY ANNOUNCEMENT: PACIFIC PLANTER’S HANDBOOK Publication in 1946 IN response to a strong and growing demand for an authoritative Handbook covering the whole field of Planting and Agriculture in the Pacific Islands, the compilation of the “Pacific Planter’s Handbook” was commenced in 1945. It has been much delayed by strikes, but publication is planned for 1946.

The Handbook is designed to give standard instruction on all the branches of Tropical Planting which might be undertaken in the Pacific Islands, and to be regarded as an indispensable part of a Pacific Planter’s equipment.

SECTIONS of the Handbook deal separately with Palms (including Coconuts and the Manufacture of Copra), Cocoa, Coffee, Rubber, Citrus, Bananas, Vanilla, Spices, Kapok, Pineapples, etc.

The production of every plant grown for profit in the islands is described.

Other Sections cover such subjects as: Livestock on the Plantations; Revenue from Non-Agricultural Products (Sea, Forest, Minerals); How to Ensure Comfortable and Healthy Living Conditions in the Islands; Etc.

SPECIAL SECTIONS: Survey of Opportunities; Selection of Territory (Malarial and non- Malarial, Melanesians and Polynesians, Climate and Rainfall); Lands and Land Laws; Labour Conditions in the Various Territories; Importance of Transport; What You Must Provide For and Against in Choosing Your Plantation.

The subject of MARKETING is dealt with very fully. It is no use planning your plantation until you know where you will find a profitable market for your product, and whether it is dependable.

Each Section Written By An

EXPERT Numerous Photographs, Diagrams, Drawings, etc.

PUBLISHED PRICE : Not less than 35/- Australian. (NOTE: Owing to the present difficulty of obtaining paper and binding service, it is impossible to fix a price, until the work is near completion. It will be between 35/- and 40/-, Australian. The edition will be limited. Persons who wish to be sure of a copy may order in advance; and if 35/- is sent, that will be accepted as the price of the book, although the final published price may be higher.) Orders may be sent to:

Pacific Publications

PTY. LTD., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney or to the PUBLISHERS DIRECT:

Pacific Publications (Fiji)

LTD.

P.O. Box 281, Bank of N.S.W T . Building.

SU V A, FIJI. SUVA, FIJI.

Allen Taylor 81 Co. Ltd.

COMMERCIAL ROAD, ROZELLE, SYDNEY Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS . . . PILES . . . POLES . . , SLEEPERS, Etc.

Exporting To Pacific*” Islands Since 1893

2 ■OHM* €

To The Markets

Of The World!

0 ■■% m .

A %5.

I > * H -iV fcjt^ J TOM PIPER TOM PIPER PRO- DUCTS include: Hot Meat Packs; Camp Pie ; Luncheon Beef ; Corn Beef and Cereal; Tomato ; Vegetable ; Celery; Pea and Oxtail Soups; Baked Beans; Beans and • In the hygienic kitchens of Tom Piper, skilled chefs prepare fine foods from the choicest produce of Australia; cooking and capturing with inimitable skill all the flavour and wholesome goodness. And then, by careful processing, all this wealth of good taste and nourishment is conserved by Tom Piper’s modern canning plant.

EXPORT FACILITIES: Tom Piper products will soon be available for export. They offer worthwhile opportunities to overseas wholesalers and merchants with markets for QUALITY in fresh canned foods. Inquiries are invited by the manufacturers.

DfILMORE PRESERVING CO. PTY. LTD.

Gardenvale, 5.4. Victoria, Australia.

Code: Bentley’s Second —Telegraphic Address: DALMORCO, Melbourne Beef; Spaghetti and Tomato Sauce; Creamed Diced Carrots ; Creamed Diced Potatoes ; Plum Puddings. « : 4„ 3 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

s^ti 40tfeaM&xfiebieHce. £>(&nva*t Stchte i' \ \ {hi I *; , v o 5 ii/ „ i <■ / . .. * v - » ||| KHK >\' . 3O 5 on d , »» P reh R sto 6 0° on .. bO U 1 n o*i *'l .notes. CO" oter i" 5 W posit' 0 " c°rt' ea fao' seo '' ho"* ' eoW '" 9 ke tose"o •" . cop se °' S . is bross- ' tbc too""* oU tiost U „t 0" d * ' ,s IK St ' Co °°in T g Ab s l t \ [* J ST( Day after day, week after week, tor over 40 years Coleman's have specialised in making Stoves and Lamps. Is it any wonder, then, that their products give the utmost in satisfaction and service.

Th it two v •rove ,en.' burne ' d, ,n 9 e *<i q ho** no S°? ,r °l to * of e*y *hut. off ° ny de Unn *ces* y °/ve n% e Qc k .. es *Qry m lh. ked Cornel. bro, Representatives for the Pacific Islands:

Robert Gillespie Pty. Ltd. Pearce £ V F° Ltd

54A Pitt Street, Sydney For Fiji Islands

4 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Returning To The

TERRITORIES FOUR ships have left, or are leaving, Australian ports in May for Papua and New Guinea. They are: “ORMISTON,” left Sydney May 9, with passengers and cargo.

“MONTORO,” left Sydney May 14, with passengers and cargo.

“KANIMBLA,” left Sydney May 13. for New Guinea ports, with cargo and Army personnel only.

“MULIAMA/’ to leave Sydney, with cargo only.

"Ormiston" Passenger List rE following is a list of persons who left on the liner “Ormiston”: Mrs. A. H. Anthony, W. R. Carpenter (NG), Ltd., Madeng, NG.

Mr. C. D. Ailwood, Hotel “Moresby,” P. Moresby.

Mr. F. Buckley, BGD, Bulolo.

Mr. H. J. Bray, Yule Is., via P. Moresby.

Mr. M. W. Bergin, Admin’n, ANG, P. Moresby.

Mr. L. H Brooks, Upper Port Rd., P. Moresby.

Mrs. M. K. and Miss H. M. Brown, Admin’n, P. Moresby, NG.

Mr. M. Boch, Torokina (B’g’ville).

Mr. A. A. L. Barnett, Docowan Plantation, Kar Kar, NG.

Mr. and Mrs. D. Brennan (and one child), SDA Mission, Lae.

Mr. G. D. Casbolt, W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd., Madang.

Mr. R. J. Clancy, PCB, P. Moresby.

Mr. W. F. Cash, W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd., Wau.

Mr. J. A. Crockett, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. R. D. Cahill, Government Store, Kila.

Mr. G. J. R. Cox, Harbour Master, P. Moresby.

Mr. J. Curtis, P. Moresby.

Mrs. D. Carpenter, Marangis Plantation, Madang.

Mrs. E. G. Cadden, P. Moresby.

Mr. E. B. Campbell, Hotel “Moresby,” P. Moresby.

Mr. A. H. Cresswell, Lili-na-kaia Estate, Earning.

Mr. L. V. Drill, Hotel “Moresby,” P. Moresby.

Mr. R. C. Dickie, Hotel “Moresby,” P. Moresby.

Mr. C. Durham, Lae.

Sister M. Genevieve Downey, Sacred Heart Mission, Yule Is.

Sister M. Fabiana De Groot, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Mr. L. Dalsanto, Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., P. Moresby.

Mrs. E. Erskine (and three children), Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., P. Moresby.

Mr. and Mrs. G. H. Eekhoff, Lae.

Mr. P. R. N. England, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. S. W. G. Edmonds, PCB, P. Moresby.

Sister M. Hilaria Ey, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Mr. D. B. Edgell, Kavieng.

Mrs. F. M. Puller, Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., P.

Moresby.

Mr. A. I. Foley, P. Moresby, Papua.

Mr. G. S. Franklin, BGD, Bulolo.

Mrs. I. A. Gray, Public Works, Lae.

Mrs. A. J. Gorringe (and one child), Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., P. Moresby.

Mrs. W. V. Godson (and one child), Itikinumu, via P. Moresby.

Mr. and Mrs. S. Gillis (and one child), SDA Mission, P. Moresby.

Mrs. J. Haigh, Rigo, via P. Moresby.

Mr. F. A. D. Hill, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. J. Hayes, Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., P.

Moresby.

Sister M. Marcella Hyndes, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Sister M. Jules Hogan, Sacred Heart Mission, Yule Is.

Mr. P. J. Hawe, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. C. W. Ireland, Walindi Plantation, Talasea.

Mr. A. P. Ireland, Upper Waput.

Mr. F. P. Hegarty, BGD, Bulolo.

Mr. E. Hetherington, Burns, Philp, P. Moresby.

Mr. R. E. Halpin, Burns, Philp, P. Moresby.

Father A. G. Junker, Torokina, Bougainville.

Mrs. D. Jackson.

Mrs. P. L. Keenan, Finschafen, NG.

Sister M. Helena Kobloth, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Miss A. C. Lavery, Marist Mission, Bougainville.

Mrs. E. E. Lukin (and one child), P. Moresby.

Mr. J. L. Leahy, Lae.

Mr. F. Leonard, P. Moresby.

Mr. J. Lamarre, Torokina, Bougainville.

Father G. Lebreton, Toronkina, Bougainville.

Mr. D. I. McAlpin, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Father F. B. Miltrup and Father Adam Muller, RC Mission, Torokina, Bougainville.

Miss Alice Menzies, Marist Missions, Bougainville.

Mr. W. M. Middleton, Madang, NG.

Mr. D. H. Maclean, Tovanakus Plantation, Rabaul.

Mr. R. MacGregor, Madang.

Mr. C. A. Mustard, P. Moresby.

Mr. G. H. and Mrs. E. J. Murray, Bali, Witu.

Miss J. H. Miles, PCB, P. Moresby.

Mrs. M. Mclntyre, Burns, Philp, P. Moresby.

Mrs. J. L. and Miss A. B. McKenna, J. B.

McKenna, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. D. G. McEvoy, Put Put Plantation, Rabaul.

Sister M. Adela McGrath, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Sister M. Michael Mcßae, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Sister M. Agnes Mclnerney, Sacred Heart Mission, Yule Is.

Mr. R. Nicoll, Morobe Bakery, Lae.

Mrs. F. E. Neal, Wau.

Mr. C. J. and Mrs. E. M. Olsson, Wau.

Sister M. Flavia O’Sullivan, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Mrs. D. E. and Miss P. A. O’Connor, P. Moresby.

Mr. A. H. Pinkerton. Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. J. B. Poncelet, Torokina, Bougainville.

Mr. R. J. Paul, Steamship Trading Co., P.

Moresby.

Mr. W. B. Prior, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. B. M. Ritchie (and two chlldreni, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. C. A. Rigby, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mrs. M. and Miss B. Schilling, Matupi Plantation, Madang.

Mrs. G. P. Sinclair, Police Dept., Lae.

Mrs. E. M. Shorthouse (and three children), Burns, Philp, P. Moresby.

Mr. V. H. Sully, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. J. Stroud, Hotel “Moresby,” P. Moresby.

Father J. Schlieker, Torokina, Bougainville.

Father J. Strahen, Torokina, Bougainville.

Mr. R. Stephens, Lae.

Mrs. N. E. Speedie, Kaura Plantation, P.

Moresby.

Sister M. Bernardine Smiggels, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Mrs. R. Schmidt (and child). Mrs. H. Thompson, Mr. G. R. Townsend, BGD, Lae.

Mr. L. Tudor, Lae.

Father B. Tonjes, Torokina, Bougainville.

Mr. F. Trojaola, Sandy Creek, Wau.

Mr. R. W. Tebb, Burns, Philp, Lae.

Mr. S. C. Thompson, P. Moresby.

Sister M. Isidora Van Torsel, Sister M. Gabriella Van Beek, Sister M. Paulina Van Run, and Sister M. Rosina Van Sterrin, Sacred Heart Mission, Vunapope.

Mrs. A. E. Wyborn, Rigo, P. Moresby.

Mrs. M. Wright, PO, Wau.

Mr. G. J. Wills, Holo Rubber Estate, P. Moresby.

Sister M. James Williams, Sacred Heart Mission, Yule Is.

Mr. J. Wolstenholme, P. Moresby.

Mrs. L. M. Crouch (and four children), Burns, Philp, P. Moresby.

Mr. W. J. Connor, Linga Linga Plantation, New Britain.

Mrs. E. E. Pitt. Lae.

Mr. R. B. McKenzie, Burns, Philp, Bulolo.

Mrs. I. E. Burchett (and one child), Admin’n, P. Moresby.

Mr. P. Zuccola, Upper Ramu, Lae.

Rev. Father P. Schank, Torokina, Bougainville.

Mr. W. A. B. Sheppard, ANGAU, Rabaul.

Mr. Allan Doyle, Admin’n, P. Moresby.

"Montoro" Passengers PASSENGERS who embarked on the “Montoro” in Sydney on May 14, for Papua and New Guinea. (Names of passengers who embarked in Brisbane will be published in June): — FOR PORT MORESBY: Mrs. R. Bernard (and child), Miss A. M. Pattison, Mrs. A. C. Boots (and two children), Mr. C. H. Maclean, Mr. E.

T. Fulton, Miss J. Jones, Mrs. G. Macdonald.

FOR SAMARAI: Mr. and Mrs. Angelo, Mrs.

E. P. Bunting, Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Cridland (and child), Mrs. B. Penney, Mrs. D. E. Ryan (and child), Mr, J. W. Ryan, Sister Mary Verona, Sister Mary Paul, Sister Mary Paula, Mr. and Mrs. N. A. Brett Young, Mrs. C. J.

Izod, Mr. H. C. Halliday, Mr. V. C. Gabriel, Mr. J. Kelynack, Mr. and Mrs. Hancock (and three children), Mr. Trim, Rev. and Mrs. H.

T. Shotton (and two children), Rev. and Mrs.

Guy.

FOR LAE: Mr. and Mrs. L. E. Ashton, Mrs.

D. R. Booth, Mrs. H. T. Peterson, Mr. G. S.

Duncan FOR MADANG: Mr. and Mrs. E. V. O’Brien.

FOR RABAUL; Mr. A. Campbell, Mr. H. M.

Lyon.

"Ormiston" Passengers

Pitcairners Seek The

Pleasures Of Civilisation

LURED by city bright-lights, a party of eight Pitcairn Islanders arrived in Auckland, NZ, in April, intending to stay for an indefinite period.

They say they want to work at different occupations to those they have been following, and also to sample some of the pleasures of civilisation.

Mr. Cairn Christian, a member of the party, who is making his second visit to the Dominion, said that the £25 passage money represented several years of work to the Pitcairner. No money could be earned on the island itself, but must be obtained bv selling fruit, curios, etc., to nassing ships. During the war this had been doubly difficult as the island had been visited by very few ships.

Some of the passengers who left Sydney on the “Ormiston” on May 10 for Papua and New Guinea. Top: Mrs. D. Carpenter, of Morangis Plantation, Madang, who returns to the Territory after five years in Australia. Sixteen-yearold James Ritchie, who has been at school in Tasmania since 1934. He was accompanied by his father, Mr. B. M. Ritchie, well-known engineer of the Administration vessel “Laurabada,” and his young brother.

Centre: Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Olsson, who are returning to the Bitoi River, Morobe, where Mr.

Olsson was gold-mining for nine years before the evacuation of 1942.

Bottom: Mr. Jack Hayes, who is returning to Port Moresby, after four years in Sydney as an evacuee. Mr. G. J. R. (“Roy”) Cox, who is on his way to Rabaul, via Port Moresby. Previously on the “Laurabada,” with headquarters in Moresby, he will now be skipper of the Administration vessel in Rabaul. He has just spent three months’ leave in Australia. 5 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

% Vs\JNs stav^^ eg M., I 4s <*« r ' f e ot. S roV,n pa c>f* .„ m»S'" f . , a dto*** 4 ' .- r bovi r ’ tn , w des'6° e U " Y , s b "* fn „ eC ' S ive serAce S^ a . te t>« e ° , ne a« e 0 ~ (rot* ’ . „ s oC'A c , c o' s '° taf'" «*“ fccceW** . s er^ tS - , c u v».'° r *» ADVERTISERS Angliss & Co. . . 55 Australian Aluminium .... 31 Atkins Pty., Ltd., Wm 71 Brial & Ball ... 21 Brown & Co., Ltd. 15 Brunton’s Flour . . 31 Burns, Philp Trust Co., Ltd 17 Broomfields .... 19 BP (SS) Co. . . . 15 Berger & Sons . . 47 Carlton & United Breweries, Ltd. . 70 Carpenter, Ltd., W.

R cov. iv.

Chivers & Sons, Ltd 30 Church. R. H., & Sons 27 Coleman Lamp & Stove Co 46 “Cystex” 66 Consolidated Export & Import Group of Australia . . 31 Colonial Wholesale Meat ... 2 Dalmore Preserving Co 3 Donaghy & Sons . 70 Donald, Ltd., A. B. 56 Dr. Williams Pink Pills 49 Excelsior Supply Co 24 Electrolux Refrigerators . . 32 H. G. Eekhoff . . 59 Eveready Batteries 62 Ford Sherington Pty., Ltd 24 Garrett & Davidson 68 Gibson & Co., Ltd., J. A. D 25 Gillespie Pty., Ltd., Robert ... 4, 29 Glanz, A 28 Gilbey’s Gin ... 18 Gillespie’s Flour . . 22 Gough & Co., E. J. 43 Grand Pacific Hotel 6 Grove & Sons, W.

H 42 Heinz & Co. Pty., Ltd., H. J. . . . 41 Hemingway & Robertson .... 60 Hyde, Victor ... 26 ICS 30 Jenkins, Reg. ... 64 Kopsen & Co., Ltd. 57 Ken c h & McCartney ... 61 Lockyer, George J., & Co 54 Merrillees, J. C., & Co 48 Masschelien, O. F. 51 Miscellaneous, 44, 55, 57, 58, 63 “Mendaco” .... 52 Mcllraths Pty., Ltd. 50 Nelson & Robertson Pty., Ltd 2 Newman, M. . . .50 “Nixoderm” ... 44 Napt 54 Pacific Planters’

Handbook ... 3 Pacific Islands Trading Co. . . 69 Pacific Islands Monthly .... 27 Pacific Islands Yearbook .... 48 Pacific Is. Society 51 “Pinkettes” .... 42 Pacific Territories Association ... 12 Primrose Trading Co 21 Papuan Electrical Co 28 Qantas Empire Airways .... cov. ii.

Queensland Insurance Co 49 Ransome, Sims & Jeffries 43 Robinson, G. H. . 52 Raymond, Lance, Pty., Ltd 45 Rose’s Eye Lotion . 59' Rohu, Sil . . . .63 RUR 51 Scott, Ltd., J. . . 59 Southern Pacific Insurance Co. . . 18 Solicitors Notices ... 56, 67 Steamships Trading Co., Ltd 58 Shepherd, A. O. . . 22 Sullivan & Co., C. 20 Swallow & Ariell . 53 Taylor & Co.. A. . 3 “Tenax” Soap . . 70 Tillock & Co., Ltd. 62 Tebb, R. W. . . .58 Thornycroft (Aust.) Pty., Ltd. ... 63 Tooth & Co., Ltd cov. iii.

Toogood, J. J. . . 19 Tullochs Pty., Ltd. 16 Tilley’s Lamps . . 1 Watson, Wm. H. . 67 Widdop, H., & Co , Ltd 71 A. Willison .... 26 Wills, W. D. & H. 0 72 Wright & Co., Ltd., E 70 Young Pty., Ltd., Harry J. . . . 23, 65 Yorkshire Insurance Co., Ltd. . . 15 Contents Territorians Who Are Returning to the Territories 5 Editorial: The Nations’ Overall Pacific Plans—Plus Russia and the Atomic Bomb 7 Summary of New Guinea Policy .... 8 Panair Resume NZ Service This Month 9 Norfolk Island Appointment Questioned 9 Cannot Employ Funds Startling Announcement of Burns Philp (SS) Co 10 More Civilians Return to New Guinea 11 Stronger Production Control Board . 12 His Plantation Was a Battleground . 12 Japs Massacre Ocean Islanders After Surrender 13 Suva Now Has Fishermen—And Will Soon Have Fish 14 Nine Millions Estimated War Damage to Australia and Territories 14 Turning a Deaf Ear—Canberra’s Attitude to Rabaul Demand 15 Piiian and Indian Birthrate Compared 15 Rehabilitation Fund Distributions— NG Club Copes with Complications 17 These Are Banana Pigs 18 New Coconut-cream Industry in W.

Samoa 19 Republic of Philippines—Roxas Takes Charge 21 £1,000,000 Damage on Ocean Island and Nauru 27 Affect of N. Pacific Tidal Wave on South Pacific Islands 28 Territories ‘Talk-talk” 33 The Rev. Rodger Page—Mentor of a Pacific Queen 34 Tahiti’s Building Programme (Photo) 35 Strong Men Wept When This Island Girl Was Christened 35 Trans-Pacific—How the Air Services Are to be Run 36-37 Tropicalities 33 Foreigners Are Funny Folk .. '' .. 39 Tropical Moon, Island Lagoon—But No Guitar 39 From Buckingham Palace to Pitcairn Island 40 When Cakobau Was Crowned 41 Resourcefulness in Cook Is. Medical Service 43 Lima’s Only Whiteman Outlaw .. ¥ White Rajah Cedes Sarawak to Britain 51 Pacific Islands Regiment to be Demobilised 52 Shinping and ’Plane Services; Pacific Travellers 54 Cook Islands Getting Poorer And Poorer 59 Final Contributions to Rehabilitation Fund 64 Waste of Army Material in Papua— Returned Planter’s Complaint .. 66 Commercial Markets, etc 68 6 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Islands Groups: Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea Australian Territory of Norfolk Island.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Mandated Territory (NZ) of Western Samoa.

British Colony of FIJI.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British and Free French Condominium of New Hebrides.

Free French Colony of New Caledonia.

Free French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Pty. Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

TELEPHONES I General Office .. .. BAY 5037 TELEPHONES £ Advertising Office . . .. B 7815 p O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address for Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables; ••Pacpub”, Sydney.

CONTRIBUTIONS.

Articles, Stories and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited and will be paid for on publication.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES.

Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 10/- Per Annum, elsewhere, Prepaid, Post Free 12/6 Single Copies 1/- Editor and Publisher: R. W ROBSON. F.R.G.S.

General Office: Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney.

Advertising Manager: W. E. Rogers, 26 O’Connell Street, Sydney. Telephone: B 7815.

Printing House: .29 Albert Street, Sydney.

Telephone: MA 4369.

REPRESENTATIVE IN FIJI.

Pacific Publications (Fiji), Ltd., Bank of NSW Building, Suva (same office as W. H. Grove & Sons, Ltd.). Stocks of Pacific Islands Monthly and Pacific Islands Yearbook on hand.

REPRESENTATIVE IN LONDON.

J. T. Wallis, Coronation House, 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.3, from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Is. Year Book, advertising schedules, etc.

AGENTS.

The following are authorised to receive sub scnptions for Pacific Islands Monthly;— Burns, Phllp & Co., Ltd., and Burns Phllp (South Sea) Co., Ltd. All branches.

W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd. All branches.

Morris, Hedstrom, Ltd. All branches.

Steamship? Trading Co., Papua. All branches.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Samaral, Papua.

B.N.G. Trading Co., Ltd., Port Moresby, Papua.

J. Muir, Suva, Fiji.

Miss R. Castles, Suva, FIJI.

N. C. Mackenzie Hunt, Walnunu, Bua, Fiji.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

A. C. Rowland, Papeete, Tahiti.

Islands Branches and Representatives of W, H.

Grove & Sons, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

Ed. Pentecost, Noumea, New Caledonia.

Societe Gubbay Kerr et Cie, Noumea, N. Caledonia.

Vol. XVI. No. 10.

MAY 16, 1946. n :_ 1/- Per Copy. nu_c Prepaid: 10/- p.a.

The Nations' Overall Pacific Plans—Plus Russia and the Atomic Bomb!

SOME people—especially the “Bobbysox Press'’ in Australia—have been displaying concern and excitement about the future control of Pacific Territories, and the part which Australia and New Zealand are likely to play therein. Australia and New Zealand tend constantly to exaggerate their own importance. They are not strong enough to play any significant part, alone, in Pacific affairs.

The United States, evidently, is prepared to undertake, for an indefinite period, the heavy responsibility of maintaining peace in the Pacific zone. The Americans, in connection therewith, naturally wish to make use of the great base of Manus (north of New Guinea), built by Americans with American equipment and money. It is indicated also that Washington hopes that smaller bases, built by the Americans in 1942-5, in places like Honiara (Solomons), Santo (New Hebrides), and points in Polynesia, although in British territories, will be available for the use of American Forces.

But the cheap politicians of Australia and New Zealand, aided by some newspapers, have turned handsprings and danced on their hats at the very idea of “American interference with our sovereign rights.” Instead of thanking all the gods they know for American determination to hold the status quo in the Pacific, and being co-operative, they have stood up on their little dunghills and shaken their fists at the United States.

One be-medalled general even warned his fellow-countrymen against permitting the Americans to hold Manus, because one day the United States may be Australia’s enemy. Australia’s enemy! There are more people in a big American city than there are in the whole of Australia! rE Prime Ministers of the British Commonwealth have been meeting in London; and we have been informed that the following agreements have been reached: • The Australian-New Zealand Agreement of early 1944 (usually called the Anzac Plan) has been accepted as the basis of British policy in the South Pacific. • In accordance with the Anzac Plan, a South Seas Regional Commission will be formed by the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand, with headquarters in Australia, to co-ordinate administrative policy in all the British tropical territories south of the Equator. • The United States and France will be asked to join this South Seas Regional Commission, s that their territories south of the Equator may be included in the general plan of administrative and developmental co-ordination. • It is assumed that the South Seas Regional Commission ultimately will become a part of the UNO structure.

The authors of this plan do not look northwards of the Equator. It is presumed that there will be a South-east Asia Regional Commission; that Britain, United States, France, and Holland will be members of it; that it will deal with all the territories of Indonesia, and the Caroline, Marshall and Mariana archipelagoes; and that it, also, will be subject to UNO.

Up to this point, the decisions arrived at by the British leaders in London were concerned mostly with administration in their respective Pacific Territories. There appeared to be a general wish to obtain tne co-operation and goodwill of the United States.

WHEN the Prime Ministers turned to defence, however, one received, from the published reports, an impression of aggressiveness. It was announced that Australia had laid down the following as the basis of her approach to the matter: • Forces to be provided in accordance with Articles 43 and 45 of the Charter, including regional arrangements under Article 52. ® Forces to be maintained by Australia under arrangements for co-operation in Empire defence in accordance with the inherent right of self-defence under Article 51. • Forces to be maintained by Australia to provide for the inherent right of individual self-defence under Article 51. • In regard to arrangements under Article 52, that the question of the use of bases in areas controlled by Australia must be related to an overall plan relating to the maintenance of security in the South-west Pacific, with reciprocal rights to the use of bases of other parties to the agreement.

Which, in simple terms, means that Australia is prepared to maintain garrisons in some of the nearby Islands.

One newspaper reports that these viewpoints were generally supported by the United Kingdom and the other Dominions.

THE inaugural work of the South Seas Regional Commission is to be done by Australia and New Zealand. The Commission, in the beginning (presumably, until it is part of UNO) will have

no administrative authority—its functions win oe purely advisory. it win assist in the establishment in Australia oi a of colonial studies, wnere selected men may oe trained to become administrative officials. (Already, tnere are indications mat tne Administration school held in 1945 at Duntroon, near Canberra, and at noldsworthy, near oydney, will be the model for tne new institution, and that a clever young man, coioiiel Conlon, who was prominently associated with the School, and tne External Territories Department, will be in tne picture, colonel Conlon recently returned to the University of Sydney as a nith-year medical student.) The lollowing are reported to be the objectives of the South Seas Regional commission: o To promote attainment of selfgovernment by the natives. • To recommend on production, finance, communications and marketing. • To co-ordinate health and educational services. • Collaboration in economic, social and anthropological research. ® To improve wages, conditions of work and welfare generally.

Another report stated that the Commission, in order to keep in touch with islands communities, will use radio extensively. There will be a chain of radio stations throughout tne South Pacinc, probably drawing their programmes from Australia.

Trained men from the British Colonial Ornce, and selected officials from New Zealand, will be sent to Australia as members of the Commission. They will travel extensively in the South Pacific Territories.

EXCEPT that it may become concerned with native welfare to the exclusion of European interests, the plan generally has much to commend it.

For fiiteen years, this journal has been pointing out that, if the Pacific Territories suffer from one thing more than another, it is the lack of a co-ordinating authority in relation to policy and administration. A dozen independent Territories, travelling in a dozen different directions, have led almost always to stagnation, and to anomalies without number.

But the expensive new Commission, superimposed upon the various Pacific Administrations which have been expanded at much extra cost since 1942, is not going to lighten any of the burdens of the Australian and New Zealand taxpayers. As a matter of fact, long before all these Pacific instrumentalities (consummation of the dreams of various Socialistic Ministers) begin really to function, the overburdened taxpayers probably will have rebelled, and there will be much jettisoning of “administrative frills.”

MEANWHILE, what of defence, and the squawking of the Australian isolationists?

There is no real difficulty here. The United States has not the slightest interest in the British territories of the South Pacific, except insofar as they may provide necessary facilities for basing the southern flanks of the American Forces entrusted with the policing of the Pacific region. All the British Ministers know this quite well. There will be no difficulty in respect to Manus, or Santo, or Honiara. Those, and other places, nominally British and Dutch and French, will be available to all the Forces of the Democratic bloc, now taking shape.

Far more significant than any of the headlined nonsense cabled from London or Australia is a quiet announcement from Washington, made early in May.

The joint Chiefs of Staff (British and American) have approved a plan under wnich all American-built bases in the South Pacific will be shared equally between the Forces of the United States, Britain, Australia and New Zealand. It is stated specifically that USA does not seek territorial control of any of the islands concerned, and has no commercial interest in them —she merely desires that the bases should be made available as part of her security organisation.

THERE is far more for our attention in the Pacific than silly arguments about territories between the English-speaking nations. Present indications are that we have escaped a threat of extinction by Asiatics only to face a new threat from the Asiatic half-world— from Russia.

Russia, through Eastern Siberia, must definitely be regarded as a Power bordering the Pacific. Russia is actively engaged in a campaign designed to undermine and destroy the Western or Democratic Powers. Russia, therefore, must be considered as a potential enemy.

In all the mad, convulsed world of to-day there is nothing more puzzling and disturbing than the attitude of Russia. The Soviet leaders are cynical, non-cooperative, unfriendly. Why? Apparently, because they think it is theh mission to destroy what they call “capitalism,” and impose their foul, souldestroying system upon all the free nations of the world.

We plan to get peace and security and guard our individual freedom through the United Nations Organisation. The Russian Communists apparently believe that, if they can cripple UNO. and set the Democratic nations quarrelling among themselves, they may throw the Communistic net across the whole world.

So. this month, we have seen the nreliminary Peace Conference in Paris sabotaged bv the Russians, and the sittings of UNO in New York dislocated, by the same agency, to the point of impotency.

Unless there is a profound change in Russian policy, we shall see soon a breakdown in the UNO nlan, and the sharp division of the world into two blocs—Democratic and Communistic.

Maybe the cure for the world’s worst headache is being prenared to-day at Bikini AtoH, in the Marshall Islands.

An American fleet, and Anglo- American experts, are gathering there for a thorougth test-out of the atomic bomb, early in June.

If, after that, the world is still in one niece, we may have something to say to Molotoff & Co. that will alter the present distressing course of history.

New Guinea Casualties

Became missing and is now presumed dead: NG4047 Rflmn. L. S. Dix, Infantry, Rabaul.

Died of Illness: NG2464 W/011 H. J.

O’Kane, HQ Unit, Rabaul.

Removed from Seriously and Dangerously 111 Lists: NG2343 Pte. L. H. Gielis, Ordnance, Rabaul.

In a speech made in Canberra on March 26, Dr. Evatt, Australian Minister for External Affairs, said: “New Caledonia . . . situated at a few hours’ flight from Australia, is of supreme importance for us from a strategic point of view.

When we deal with a territory like New Caledonia, we must remember that behind it there is France, which was almost faced with death in the last war, but which has been and which will again become one of the great world powers.

Consequently, the future of New Caledonia cannot be separated from the problem of France.”

Summary Of Ng

POLICY Preoccupation With Natives From Our Own Correspondent CANBERRA, May 11. rE policy of the Provisional Administration of Papua-iNew Guinea is to provide for the 1,000,000 natives of the area “facilities for better health, education and a far greater participation in the wealth of the country,” according to an official bulletin to-day.

The bulletin said: “It is intended to abolish the indenture system within five years. Legislation to be introduced soon will provide for the elimination of professional recruiting, for improved diet for tne natives, and improved working conditions.”

New Britain, New Ireland, Kieta and Manus will be transferred to Civil Administration “as soon as circumstances are favourable.”

Sixty men will be given three months’ training for patrol work in a newlyestablished school of Civil Administration. The course includes anthropology, tropical health and Colonial Administration.

The bulletin says: “Transport problems and shortages of accommodation and food have impeded the return of former residents to the Territories. Their return is controlled and necessarily dependent upon rehabilitation progress.

“Shortage <pf shipping is retarding rehabilitation in the Territories, but the Commonwealth has now contracted with certain shipping companies, which operated before the war, for a 12 months’ service, as agents for the Government.

“An improved air service among the Islands will be developed.”

Islands Still Awaiting Ships THE shipping service between the Australian Pacific Territories and Australia continues on a haphazard, hand-to-mouth system.

Shipping generally remains at the disposal of the Governments, but half-adozen instrumentalities have a voice in its disposition, and no one—least of all the shipowners—can give any indication of how and when the few available ships will be used.

The Australian Territories Minister, Mr. Ward, has stated repeatedly that he is trying to arrange a regular service to the Territories; but he cannot say when it will operate or who will own it.

In the meantime, what is called an “interim service” is oeing carried on with the “Ormiston” and the “Montoro.” But the movements of the ships are not known more than two or three weeks ahead. The lack of reliaM? shipping, next to the absence of native labour, is the biggest factor holding up Territories rehabilitation.

The return of the old Burns Philp steamer, “Montoro” (operated by Burns Philp on behalf of the Government), to the Islands run was like a breath of former happy days to war-weary Territorians. She was on her way to the Japanese boneyards when the Pacific war came in 1941.

The only Western Pacific ship yet back on a regular schedule is the Burns Philp steamer “Morinda,” running from Sydney to Norfolk Island and the New Hebrides. 8 MAir, i&4 6 pacific islands monthly

Norfolk Is. Appointment Questioned rE appointment of Mr. Alex Wilson as Administrator of Norfolk Island was still being disputed in the House of Representatives in Canberra by Mr.

Anthony, on April 11.

Previously, Mr. Anthony had asked the Minister for External Territories (Mr.

Ward) several questions concerning the appointment, but found the answers unsatisfactory.

Mr. Anthony said that there were many distinguished Servicemen who had served Australia well in the Middle East and the Islands who would have been perfectly suitable for such a post—but it was given to Mr. Wilson, “ex-member for Wimmera, an ex-stooge of the Government.”

He said that the post had not been advertised, and Mr. Ward’s statement that the “qualifications of all those who were considered suitable and available for the post were considered” would not be regarded as an adequate answer by Servicemen. Mr. Wilson happened to possess the Qualification of having been a supporter of the Government at a critical time, but no other qualification.

The appointment reeked of everythin? that is undesirable. It was a shameless method of paying for political support at the expense of every decent ex- Serviceman who might have a claim.

Plenty of men who served through six years of war with great merit are now thrown on the scrap-heap. The other day, the Minister for Air (Mr. Drakeford) announced the retirement of certain high-ranking officers of the Air Force Such men as Bostock, Williams and Lucas have been given notice of their retirement. Anv one of those men would be qualified to fill this iob, but they were not °lven the opportunity to apply.

EDITORIAL NOTE: For nearly 20 years, we have been protesting against the Australian practice of appointing superannuated Parliamentarians and political favourites to Pacific Administratorships, and ignoring the trained men of the tropical public services. It is gratifying to note that at least one Australian MP has the vision and the courage to attack the rotten system.

Fiji-Australia Air-Mail

"MYSTERY"

The air-mail postage between Australia and Fiji is one of the post-war mysteries of officialdom. Letters arriving in Australia and NZ from Fiji bear postage of lOd. Letters posted in Svdney for Fiji by air-mail must pay 1/6. The “PIM” asked the Australian Post Office “Why?” But the answer was; “We are not authorised to make any statement upon postage rates obtaining in other countries.” They admitted that it cost nearly twice as much to post from Sydney to Suva, as from Suva to Sydney, but “they have no idea why it costs so much less to mail the same letter in Suva.”

The solution to the mvstery we found in the “Fiji Times.” It costs lOd. to send a letter air-mail from Fiji to Australia via NZ. But it costs 1/6 to send it direct from Fiji to Australia (by Qantas).

We again ask, “Why?”

Mr. W. W. Bolton, MA, of Papeete, Tahiti, has now reached his 88th birthday; and, in a recent letter, he says that he is “still happily going strong.” He celebrated his 87th birthday—and the end of the war in Europe—with a 40-miles hike, in one day.

Panair Resume Nz Service This Month

And the Australian Government (Backed by IATA) Attempts to Raise ANA Fares PAN AMERICAN AIRWAYS services from San Francisco to Auckland will resume on Mav 25. This service, then operated by flying-boats, was discontinued after the outbreak of the Pacific war.

Stops will now be made at Honolulu, Canton Island, Fiji, New Caledonia; and Skymaster planes will be used to recommence the service.

This announcement from New York on May 8, stated also that the service would be extended to Australia as soon as the recinrocal landing-rights agreement was finalised with the Australian Government.

This probably means that the Panair service to Australia will start about the same time as Australian National Airways, under charter to BCPA, begin their regular trans-Pacific service—that is, in June.

PAA have announced also that there will be a reduction of between 10 and 20 per cent, in pre-war passage rates and that the fare to Auckland from San Francisco will be about £184.

MEANTIME a Ripley situation has arisen m Australia Months ago, when ANA first offered the Commonwealth Government an interim or permanent trans-Pacific service thev stated that they were willing to run an unsubsidised service at a nassenaer rate of £A150 for a one-wav ANA are still willing to do this, but pressure is being brought to bear on them to raise s^FrancLo. 0 ar ° Und £2 °° Sydney ‘° The only good reason a Government could have for meddling in transportation is to safeguard the interests of the general public by keeping fares reasonably low—in other words, to save the publie from the wolves of private enternrise, monopolies and what-not. Strange indeed that the Australian Government, n se ‘ against “exloita- °f al '’varieties, should be egging 'rise on to raise faresand by a lusty 25 P er cent - at that - ANA. when bringing out their Skvmasters from America, carried some passenders and charged them £150; thev were w iiii ne: to do so again on the final survey flight now proceeding at this writing; but on the eve of departure the Australian Department of Civil Aviation sent a letter to ANA suggesting that the trio warranted a fare of £2OO solution of the mysterv is that Australia be i on gs to the International Air Transport Association, which is now meeting in. Canada. An agreement between USA and the Dominions on the operation of Pacific and Atlantic air services—particulars in relation to landjn g rights and freight and fares, is likely to emerge.

The public? Well, does it matter to them whether the new-born air-ring is run by Governments or private enterpriSe? After all, the function of the public is not to have a mind in such matters, but merely to foot the bill! , „ ( The full story of trans-Pacific airservices appears in the magazine section, this issue.)

"Bill" Groves

Probably New Director of Education in Papua-New Guinea IT appears as if the Directorship of Education in Papua-New Guinea will be taken over by Mr. W. C. Groves, senior inspector in the Victorian Department of Education, who left Sydney on a hurried visit to Port Moresby in May.

If this is so, the announcement will give general satisfaction. There is none better qualified for the job than “Bill”

Groves; and he is one of the few anthropologist-eucationists who are held in esteem and regard by non-official Territorians.

Mr. Groves served from 1915-1919 in World War i; was supervisor of native education in New Guinea between 1919 and 1925; did a great deal of anthropological research in the Pacific between iQ°n and 1936: attended the Pacific Education Conference in Honolulu in 1936; was in charge of native education in Nauru in 1937-38; and, from 1939 until war came, he was in the Solomons, working out a plan of native education for the British Colonial Office. During the Pacific War, he served in New Guinea with the rank of captain, then major, and he has been closely connected with Army educational activities.

He will have a man-size job, if he takes it. But he also will have a wonderful opportunity, with the added advantage that he will be starting de novo.

Apart from work done by the missions, native education has been the Cinderella of the Territories Administration —they simply had no money for it.

NEW GUINEA COPRA, 1939-42 THE attention of all persons who claim that they still are o\ved money, under the copra guarantee plan in operation in New Guinea between 1939 and 1942, is directed to an advertisement in this issue. Accounts are being wound up by the Australian Department of External Territories.

Lieut. R. W. Feetum

WE regret that the name of Lieut. R.

'W. Feetum, who was a well-known resident of Rabaul was, through error, omitted from the list of men (published in the “PIM” early this year) who rendered distinguished service through the Allied Intelligence Bureau.

Mr. Feetum was one of those who escaped from Rabaul when the Japanese invaded, and then he joined the AIF.

He became a member of the Allied Intelligence Bureau and, early in 1943, he was sent away on a special mission, “destination unknown.” He has not since been heard of and his fate appears to be shrouded in mystery.

His widow, Mrs. M. S. Feetum, who resides at 135 Wheatley Road. Ormond, Melbourne, would gratefully receive any news whatever which might indicate his fate. She says that she has applied repeatedly to the Army but can get from officialdom no explanation of what happened to him beyond the phrase, “we do not know.”

Mr. and Mrs. Hart are at present residents of Brisbane. They will be soon returning to New Guinea where Mr. Hart was engaged in business for many years, 9 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY. 1946

Cannot Employ

FUNDS Startling Announcement by South Seas Co.

AVERY interesting announcement has been made by the directors of Burns Philp (South Seas) Co., Ltd. The company, which is registered in Suva, has an issued capital of £750,000, and reserves totalling £630,000, which are used in the business. The company operates in Fiji, Tonga, Samoa and New Hebrides. The parent company covers the Western Pacific.

The net profit made in the year ended January 31. 1946, was £80.401. compared with £49.000. £112.000 and £96,000 in 1943, 1944. and 1945, resnectively. £BO,OOO represents 11 per cent, on the issued capital, but only 6 per cent, on the total funds employed.

It is noted that “Investments,” which were only £250.000 in 1943, had increased to £500.000 in 1945, and are now no less than £1.133.000 —proving that the company has a huge amount of surplus canital.

The directors, in their latest report, say this: “Wartime conditions, coupled with enemy invasion of certain Pacific Territories, necessitated the withdrawal from the Island trade of a substantial portion of the company’s working capital.

“It was anticipated, following the termination of hostilities, that the opportunity would return for reinvesting these funds in erstwhile channels of employment.

“However, as it would now appear that one of the most important features of Island trading, namely, the purchase, handling, oversea shipment and marketing of conra, is likelv to remain a function of Government at most centres for an indefinite period, and having regard to the probable continuance of other restrictive factors inimical to the profitable re-emplovment of these surplus fund*, your directors have under consideration the advisabilHy of recommending to shareholders that half the subscribed capital of the romnanv be returned, thus reducing the value of the shares from £1 each to 10/- each.”

NOTHING could be plainer than that.

The handling of copra, apparently, is to remain a function of the various Governments of the British Commonwealth, and so a large part of the usefulness of the big trading firms disappears. Read the announcement, elsewhere in this issue, by the Australian Minister, Mr. Ward, concerning the future operations of his Production Control Board, in Papua-New Guinea.

Another big South Seas company, Morris Hedstrom, Ltd., is in much the same position. Its last published accounts showed subscribed capital £740,000; some £270,000 in reserves; net profit £86,000; and investments and Government stocks, £BOO,OOO.

The parent BP company, operating in Australia and Western Pacific, has £2,000,000 of issued capital, more than £2,000,000 in reserves —and about £3,000,000 in Government securities and similar investments!

What is going to happen to all this capital? Presumably, as the Governments are cutting out means for its profitable employment, it will be handed back to individual shareholders; the latter, for the most part, will invest in Government loans; and a great part of the money will be frittered away by politicians.

It is a grim outlook, not only for “capitalists” generally, but for the whole mass of people. But, of course, they will not see the danger, until the whole economic structure falls in on top of them.

In the Western Pacific High Commission Gazette for March 5, the deaths of two Commission officers were announced. Mr. I. G. Bates, who was Chief Magistrate and legal adviser of the BSI Protectorate, died on November 23, 1945.

Mr. F. Keeble, who was storekeeper of the Government Trade Scheme in BSI. died on January 30, 1946.

Governor Of Fiji On Country Tour

The Governor of Fiji, Sir Alexander Grantham, accompanied by Lady Grantham, has been touring some of the rural districts of Viti Levu; and, in these photographs, they are seen in cordial meetings with the three communities— Europeans, Fijians and Indians.

TOP: A visit to Provincial School Eastern, London!. This is one of the five provincial schools to which Fijian boys, chosen by competitive examination, go from the smaller village or district schools. English is an important subject on the curriculum, but native customs and crafts are also taught. The schools are residential. Much of the food used is grown by the boys on the school farm. Fifty boys from the Gilbert and Ellice Islands (where education was disrupted by the Japanese occupation) are pupils of Provincial School Eastern.

MIDDLE: The Governor stops to greet European residents, at the roadside. Lady Grantham shaking hands with a pioneer settler, Mr. Milton Craig, BOTTOM: The Governor acknowledging a formal address of welcome, tendered by the Indian settlers in Tailevu. —Photos by Rob. Wright. 10 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

More Civilians Return To

New Guinea

Enlarged Functions For PC Board are Officially Announced AT last, the Australian Government is beginning to put into operation a policy that gives some thought to the needs of the Europeans—and especially to the urgent matter of rehabilitating the European settlers and their industries.

For three years, the Australian Government has been so intoxicated with its plans for shifting natives from the Stone Age to the Machine Age within 10 years that it has appeared incapable of thinking about anything else.

Whether the new policy is the result of trial and error, or whether it is the first fruits of Colonel Murray’s Civil Administration; or whether it is just a natural return to commonsense and realities, no man can say.

The effect of the stupidities and the muddled thinking of the past three years will handicap Territories rehabilitation for many long months.

Already, it is being referred to as “the Anthropological Era.”

The new outlook and policy may be seen in the following: • Former Territorians especially planters—are now being encouraged and assisted to return to the Territories. • The original Government control over all trading activities is slowly being reduced to a mere check upon sales to natives. Facilities are being given to traders generally to make both supplies and services available to Europeans and natives. • More facilities are being provided for the employment of native labourers, and it is believed that steps will be taken to ease the impact of the new native labour laws. But the labour position remains acute. • A _ far-reaching and beneficial change in the scope and purpose of the Production Control Board appears to be under way, with the object of making the Board of real help to all classes in solving the problems of rehabilitation. • Canberra is working hard on the problem of transport—especially in relation to a regular shipping service between Australia and the Territories but is not making much progress. (That is because overseas shipping actually is controlled by authorities outside of Australia, and because the Minister is clinging stubbornly to his original plan, under which coastal and inter-island shipping is a Government monopoly.) • Pending the development of a regular shipping service, the temporary shipping arrangements have been extended, with the result that the “Ormis- “Montoro,” “Kanimbla,” and “Muliama” have all been sent from East Australian ports to the Australian Territories in May with passengers and cargo. It is hoped to continue this enlarged service, for the time being. • The rapid shipment of Jap prisoners to Japan probably will allow the Army to move out and Civil Administration to take over the remainder of the Mandated Territory (New Briain, New Ireland and Bougainville) in the next month.

Some people are inclined to praise Canberra for “a more reasonable frame of mind.” Actually, Australia’s Territorians never should forget that their return and rehabilitation have been delayed by at least a year, because Minister Ward surrounded himself with “Yes” men, and allowed himself to be guided by sociological planners, missionary theorists, anthropologists and various kinds of scientists.

If the task of restoring Papua-New Guinea to its pre-war condition had been handed over to practical and experienced men, and to private enterprise, most Territorians would be back in their homes to-day, and badly-needed supplies of copra and rubber and perhaps even some gold—would be going south.

Urgent Demand For Copra

CANBERRA’S readiness to grant Territorians especially planters permission to return to the Territories is believed to be related to Australia’s urgent need for copra.

Australia, not long ago, finding herself short of vegetable oils for soap-making, margarine, etc., went into the world markets after copra. The world authority responsible for food distribution, trying to feed a starving Europe and Asia, was shocked. Australia was very pertinently asked :“Why are you here, seeking copra, when you can produce your full requirements, and more, in your own Pacific Territories?”

It is a notorious fact that at that moment, New Guinea sheds were full of copra that could not be shipped.

No one knows what happened; but one can believe that the Australian Ministers who received the kick-back from Washington or London, promptly passed the kick on to Mr. Ward, whose fantastic planning in relation to the Territories greatly delayed the Territories’ return to production. Normally, New Guinea has produced from 50,000 to 70,000 tons of copra per annum. Some 100,000 tons per annum have come out of New Guinea, Papua and Solomons, combined.

So now all planters are being given quick despatch to both Territories; and, in sharp contrast with their treatment of last year, they are being given almost all the facilities they ask for.

If copra production does not come up to Canberra’s hopes, Canberra might have a look at Mr. Ward’s new laws governing native labour.

The available labour is thousands— probably tens of thousands—short of requirements; one cannot run copra plantations without labour.

Slow Recovery Of Goldmining

A STEADY trickle of skilled men are now being sent into New Guinea by the goldmining companies, to prepare for the restoration and resumption of the industry. Plans are being made in all directions. Everyone concerned is naturally eager to get the advantage of the high price of gold.

But there will be little goldmining for another year at least. All the concerns require new machinery—and that is hard to find. Shipping to New Guinea is limited; transport in New Guinea is worse. Hydro-electric power will not be available for a long time to come. But the chief problem is labour. There still is very little native labour to be had.

New Powers For Production

Control Board?

AN official statement (see elsewhere) has cleared the air in relation to the Production Control Board. That body apparently is to be clothed with new powers, and given expanded responsibility in relation to rehabilitation and development.

As stated elsewhere, Brigadier Graham has retired from the Board, and his place has been taken by Colonel H. T, (“Blue”) Allan. The Board now consists of Messrs. J, C. Archer, F. L. McKenzie, H. T. Allan and A. J. Gaskin, four wellknown men, thoroughly experienced in Territories affairs, and all favourably known there.

So far as Europeans are concerned, repatriation and rehabilitation are the most important things still to be done in New Guinea.

Practically every man who was fit to serve, did serve in the New Guinea and related campaigns. Most of the unfit men are veterans of World War I. The New Guinea Branch of the Returned Soldiers organisation has been reminding Canberra that it is the Australian Government’s job to repatriate and rehabilitate these Servicemen, who represent most of the white population of New Guinea.

Both Colonel Allan and Mr. Gaskin are nominees of the returned soldiers.

Colonel Allan went to Canberra in April, for instance, at their instance to urge that surplus Army goods and equipment in New Guinea be made available, first, to the Administration and to the Territorians, before mainland dealers were allowed to go in and bid.

Mr. Gaskin did a wonderful job for the “evacuated” residents of New Guinea and Papua in the grim vears between 1942 and 1946.

Both men will fight hard for all Territorian civilians, and especially ex-Servicemen.

What Pcb Might Do

SINCE the Production Control Board is to be the agency through which repatriation, rehabilitation and the distribution of surplus Army stores is to be carried out, it must mean that the PCB now will become the Australian Government’s chief instrumentality in develop- (Continued on Page 62)

Noted Visitor To Tonga

A photograph of Mr. Robert Gibbings, noted British author, and artist, taken by Hettig, at the famous blowholes on Tongatabu. Mr.

Gibbings spent several weeks in Tonga gathering material for a new book. He has now returned to Western Samoa, where he plans to remain for several months. 11 PACIFIC! ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY. 1946

Notice of Meeting

Pacific Territories

ASSOCIATION The 4th Annual General Meeting of the Association will be held on Tuesday, June 18, 1946, at 8 p.m., in Teachers 7 Federation Hall, 166 Phillip Street, Sydney (seventh floor).

BUSINESS: To receive report of the Executive for the year ending May 31, 1946.

To receive balance-sheet and auditors 7 report.

To deal with any other business that may arise.

C. A. M. ADELSKOLD, Secretary.

His Plantation Was

A BATTLEGROUND Leslie F. Gill Arrives After Four Years' War Service BEARING the unusual distinction of having witnessed, from American headquarters, a major battle beingfought out between Americans and Japanese on his own plantation, Lieut.

Leslie F. Gill arrived in Sydney in May from the Solomon Islands to obtain formal discharge from the Solomon Islands Labour Corps.

He carried the above distinction —and little else. He owns Lambeti plantation, on Morovo Lagoon, which was right in the middle of the Munda battlefield in 1943; two plantations on Vella Lavella, which still have some coconuts, but no buildings; and two trading stations, one at Gizo and one at Lambolambo. Lambolambo became a PT base, and 9,000 tons of aviation spirit were stored there. It was set on fire one night, and Lambolambo simply disappeared. At Gizo, there is a crater made by a 1,000 lb. bomb at each end of the former trade store.

Mr. Gill produced an aerial photograph of the once-famous Lambeti plantation.

It is no longer a plantation—but it carries a magnificent white coral airfield.

Airfields are two-a-penny in the Pacific Islands now, however.

So Mr. Gill, who was deservedly an independent man in 1941, as the result of 30 years of hard work in the Solomons, to-day has only an excellent airfield, two smaller and neglected coconut plantations, a hole in the earth where a trading station once stood, and another trading station that was very thoroughly blasted. He looks enviously at the people across the strait, in Bouganville (Australian territory). They get very liberal war damage compensation: the Solomon Islands, being British territory, get no compensation at all.

WHEN war came, Mr. Gill, with his intimate knowledge of the waters of the central and northern Solomons, was of great value to the Americans.

For a time, he was a coast-watcher, and then a member of the Allied Intelligence Bureau—a “hush-hush” organisation which carried out most dangerous duties. Then he was transferred to American Intelligence, to assist in preparations for the great assault on the Jap stronghold at Munda (which included Mr. Gill’s “Lambeti” plantation). From Rendova Island he watched the battle begin, and he was in and around New Georgia during the long operation.

Next, he went into Vella Lavella with the American Forces; and, when the Americans pushed on into Bougainville, he remained on Vella Lavella to help the native communities, who knew him, and who were bewildered and distressed by this big-scale war that was raging around them. He was transferred to the BSI Labour Corps in 1944, spent eight months on Vella Lavella, and the remainder of the war period, until now, at the new BSI headquarters, at Honiara. rE present outlook for the Solomons is not encouraging, says Mr. Gill.

The natives are being assisted, where possible, but practically nothing is being done for the rehabilitation of the European planting industry, and for transport. Levers Pacific Plantations, Ltd., are showing no disposition to open up again.

It is supposed, in some quarters, that BSI authorities are awaiting British Colonial Office and UNO decisions regarding the future of the Solomons. If the Group is to be attached to Australia, or is to come under the Trusteeship of UNO, or the new South Seas Regional Commission, then the latter can have the heavy task of rehabilitation.

Meanwhile, Mr. Gill will enjoy a long holiday in Victoria.

Stronger Production Control Board "Blue" Allan and A. J. Gaskin Are New Members THE following statement was made in Canberra on May 10 by the Minister for External Territories (Mr.

Ward): “In view of the change from military to civil control, that is now in progress in Papua-New Guinea, the Australian New Guinea Production Control Board has been reconstituted on an entirely civilian basis and now comprises: Chairman J. C. Archer Production Member .. H. T. Allan Finance Member .. F. J. McKenzie Commerce Member .. A. J. Gaskin “This Board was established in 1943 under iNational security Regulations to promote and control tne production of copra, ruboer and other tropical produce required for the prosecution of tne war.

Practically ail of the plantations in Papua have now been re-possessed by their owners, and the Boards principal function in tnat area will be the control and marketing of the produce.

“In the New Guinea areas, however, the Board’s activities will, in addition, be directed towards assisting planters in the renabihtation of their properties and ensuring the maximum output of copra from tnose areas at the earliest possioie date.

“Amending National Security Regulations have been issued to enable the foregoing changes to be made in the constitution of the Board.”

The New Members

rERE have been various changes in the Board since its creation. More recently, it consisted of Messrs.

Archer and McKenzie, and Brigadier Graham. The latter retired last month.

The new members are Colonel H. T.

Allan, MC, OBE, and Mr. A. J, Gaskin.

The appointment of Mr. Gaskin was unofficially reported some weeks ago. The announcement of Colonel Allan’s selection comes as a complete—but very welcome—surprise.

In spite of the cautious phrasing of the Minister’s statement, it is believed that the purpose of the new set-up is definitely to assist and hasten the return and re-establishment of New Guinea civilians. All four members of the Board are experienced Territorians; all are respected and personally popular; and, working as a team, they should be able to do a great deal for New Guinea.

The Board had an apparently Socialistic birth, and an uncertain place in the scheme of things. It was generally regarded by Territorians, between 1943 and 1945, as an instrument created by Minister “Eddie” Ward for the punishment and destruction of private enterprise. Its purpose, it seemed, was to control the trader, planter, miner and transporter from daylight until long after dark. And it was cursed accordingly.

But the Minister and the Departmental bureaucrats appear to be learning by experience. The personnel of the new Board is non-bureaucratic and full of promise. If its new functions are as outlined in an article on page 11 about the rehabilitation of New Guinea it is likely to be of considerable assistance in the rehabilitation of the Territories and the encouragement of the private enterprise and industry which previously contributed much to the progress of both Territories.

“Blue” Allan’S Career

rE appearance of “Blue” Allan in this job is unexpected, but it adds another step to what has been a remarkable career; and his many Territory friends will wish him every success.

Mr. Allan spent three years with the 17th Battalion of the AIF in France in World War I, and emerged with a captaincy, a well-earned Military Cross and MID. Between wars, he was a wellknown figure in New Guinea —latterly, a successful goldminer at Wau. In 1939, he passed the mine over to others, donned the old uniform, presented himself in Sydney—and was informed that “old blokes” were not wanted in this World War 11. All “Blue’s” tenacity and sellingpower were needed before he was taken on the strength—but he sailed away with the first AlF—and, by a remarkable coincidence, he was again in the 17th Battalion, in charge of “A” Company.

He was promoted major before he reached the Middle East; he was awarded the OBE for his work at Tobruk; he was at El Alamein; he returned with the 9th Division to Australia; and he went on to New Guinea with the rank of lieut.colonel. He had charge of various bases in 1944-45—Finschafen, Madang, Jacquinot Bay, Aitape and Wewak, in the course of which service he was promoted full colonel, and mentioned in despatches four times. He returned to New Guinea at the end of 1945 to take charge of the Pacific Islands Regiment; left that command four months later; and, at the end of April, he returned to Rabaul, to be discharged from the Army, and take his place on the PC Board. While in (■Continued on Page 64) 12 Mav. 1946 pacific Islands monthly

Japs Massacre Ocean Islanders After

SURRENDER Two Officers on Trial in Rabaul For Vile Crime 'J'HE full story of the Japanese massacre of six Europeans and 200 natives on Ocean Island in August , 1945, was told in the War Crimes Court in Rabaul in April.

Two Jap officers, Lieut. - Commander Naaomi Suzuki and his quartermaster, Lieut. Yoshio Nara, are charged with the crime.

They admit that, knowing that Japan had surrendered, they yet deliberately massacred the natives to “inflict damage on the Allies .” Chief evidence against the officers is the sworn declaration of a native, Kabunare, sole survivor of the massacre.

In the following report, reprinted from the Melbourne “Herald,” Suzuki stated that between August 16 and 20, 1945, he flew to Tarawa to consult with Rear-Admiral Shibazaki. It will be remembered, however, that Tarawa was recaptured by the Americans in November, 1943.

KABUNARE said he was employed as a fisherman by the Jans. The Europeans he remembered on the island were Mr. Cartwright, who died of malnutrition, Mr. Cole, Mr, Third. Mr.

Mercer, the Rev. Father J. Pujebet. and a mission brother.

He did not know where Mr. Cartwright was buried. He heard that Mr. Cole was killed by stabbing with a knife while he was asleep in his house. He was also told that Mr. Mercer died of sickness, Father Pujebet went into hospital for an abdominal operation, and Mr.

Third and the brother were injected by “the No. 2 doctor.”

One day all the natives in the area were assembled on parade, and a Jan officer addressed them through an interpreter.

“He told us that the war was over but we must still work for a while, and then the Japs would go away and leave us here.

“We were too scared to show our happiness, so we just bowed our heads and went back to our houses. Then wo laughed and talked of the good news.”

Next day the natives were again assembled and were told they would be divided and sent to new sections. Thev were led away in groups and witness found himself in the last group of eight men. They marched to the police lines, where they were confronted by Jap soldiers. armed with rifles and bayonets The hands of all the natives were tightly bound, and they were led down a winding track to the cliffs below Tabiang village.

“When we reached the cliff our eyes were tied up with cloth,” said Kabunare.

“Falailiva was the first to be tied and was on my left. He said to me, ‘Are you ready to die?’ and I replied, ‘Yes.’

“Everything was quiet for a moment, and then I fell over the cliff. I did not try to, but just fell. Almost at the same time, I heard a scream, and someone fell oh top of me. I think it was Falailiva.

I heard others fall, but no more screams.

Then I heard a lot) of shots fired.

“Falailiva was still on top of me, and some of the bullets were close to me.

This was about 3 o’clock in the afternoon.

“Water kept breaking over us, but I could breathe as the water receded each time. I stayed there without moving till I thought the Japanese had gone.

“I bit Falailiva’s shoulder to see if he was still alive. He was still lying partly on top of me. Falailiva did not cry out, so I knew he was dead.”

Kabunare said he stayed in the water for an hour, and then rose to his feet.

The Japanese had gone, and all his companions were dead.

That night and the following day he hid in a cave, and late the following night he went into the jungle, where he hid in a hole. For four months he stayed hidden.

One dav he climbed a tree and saw many ships at anchorage, but thought they were Japanese ships. He also saw a Union Jack flying from police lines, but thought it was a Japanese trick.

On December 2 he met two natives from the Gilbert Islands who had landed with the Allied occupation force. He went with them to the police lines.

CAPTAIN ACKLAND, the prosecuting officer, then presented a transcript of answers supplied by both Jap officers during their interrogation in February.

During bis interrogation. Suzuki said that when he gave orders for the execution of the natives all his officers were present except Engineer Lieut. Kigana.

Lieut. Nara was not present when the natives were shot.

Suzuki said he was in command at Ocean Island from August, 1943. until the end of the war. and he did not receive orders that the war was over until August 24 or 25. 1945. when Truk radio came on the air. Before that date they had heard many rumours, but this was the first reliable information.

The Japanese Commander-in-Chief snoke from Truk and ordered the Ocean Island garrison to fight to the finish.

Suzuki said he gave the order to exterminate the 200 natives on the island to four of his company commanders about August 18. “It was a very brief order,” he said. “As far as I remember it was: ‘Shoot all the natives on the island’.”

Asked why he had given the order, Suzuki said: “We had heard rumours about Japan going down. We had decided to kill them. The most important reason was an order I had received from Rear-Admiral Keiji Shibazaki, who was at Tarawa (? Truk).

“This order was to fight to the finish and. as the natives were likely to cause trouble, to execute them all.”

To confirm this order, which he received between August 15 and 20, he flew to Tarawa (? Truk) to confer with Rear- Admiral Shibazaki.

The admiral said that as the Jap garrison on Ocean Island only numbered 500 men, the 200 natives might be a danger in an Allied landing. He, therefore, recommended their execution.

Suzuki concluded: “These executions will be before the War Crimes Court.

The other officers acted on my orders and the responsibility is mine, not theirs.

“I ordered the executions, believing it was the best thing to be done, as far as I was concerned as Jap commander.”

DURING a_ similar interrogation, Lieut.

Nara claimed that when he divided the natives into seven groups he knew they would be shot, but did not know when. Two hours later, while he was sitting in his office, he heard shots being fired and he realised the natives were being killed.

When Suzuki ordered the executions, he (Nara) was distressed, because he considered his commander’s attitude was not humane. He advised Suzuki that he would rather not carry out his instructions, but, seeing it was an order, he would do so.

Japs to Hang for Massacre RABAUL, April 27.

THE two Japanese officers, Lieut.- Commander Suzuki and Lieut. Nara, were sentenced to death to-day for the massacre of 200 Ocean Islanders five days after Janan had surrendered.

Although at early interrogations thev had admitted guilt, yesterday they both nleaded not guilty to the charge, claiming that the natives had been executed for acts of sabotage.

The Court’s decision was unanimous: bcth Japs will die by hanging.

New Guinea'S Only

REPRESENTATIVE SERGEANT K. M. BRODIE, who had over four years’ active service in the Australian 2/17th Battalion, and in ANGAU, appears to have been the only New Guinea lad chosen for the Australian Victory Contingent, which sailed for London in April. He is here shown in a Sydney street with his sister, Miss Marjorie Brodie, who is going to New Guinea shortly to marry an officer of the Administration. The Brodie family were well-known residents of Rabaul prior to the Jap invasion.

A private but influential section of the European and Samoan communities of Western Samoa has asked the New Zealand Government to keep in touch with Dr. M. M. Gowland, with a view to his appointment to the position of Chief Medical Officer, when Dr. P. J. Monaghan retires, probably in 1947. Dr. Gowland is regarded as a successful physician and skilful surgeon, and he has been held in high regard personally. He left Samoa recently for England, to the openly-expressed regret of all classes. 13 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

Suva Now Has Fishermen

—And Will Soon Hove Fish rERE should soon be no room for the complaint (which we published in October “PIM”) that there are “no fishermen in Fiji—and no fish.’’

Three ex-Servicemen —two of them in partnership—are well advanced in their preparations for supplying the Colony with fish, which are to be caught, handled and distributed by modern methods. In each case they have been given assistance by the Fiji Rehabilitation Board.

Details of these fishing enterprises have been supplied to us by the Fiji Public Relations Office and the photographs are by Mr. Rob Wright, of the same department.

MR. OSCAR WRIGHT, who had much fishing experience before the war, will work on his own. He plans to use methods similar to those employed in some parts of the United States and offer live fish to his customers. His preparations are so far advanced that he hopes to begin operations this month (May).

Each of the four vessels he will use will have a specific purpose: a depot barge which measures 60 x 20 ft., with a well for the storage of the live fish; a 40 ft. diesel launch, also with a well for live fish storage, as a supply and transoort ship; and two 27 ft. utility launches which will be used for the actual fishing.

The barge well is ou ft. long hy 9i ft.

T ”’de and has an average depth of 4 ft. it is divided into comnartments for the segregation of the various species. On the barge will be housing for a caretaker and his family.

The launches have been specially designed for the work by Mr. Alex Bentley and built under his supervision at the Public Works Department’s boatshed at Walu Bay, Suva.

This is how the outfit will operate: The barge will be moored near Suva, while the supply launch will tow the smaller craft to the selected fishing grounds—which may be as far north as the Yasawas or as far south as the Lau Group.

About once every three weeks the supply launch will convey a live catch to the depot barge, from which customers may select the kind of fish or turtle they require.

An engineer and four Fijian fishermen will help Mr. Wright in his new enterprise. Later, it is hoped that they will he abl° to extend their service and deliver live fish by van in and around Suva township. rE second fishing enterprise will be run by Mr. J. A. Hill and Mr. E.

F. Storck, in partnership. Their fishing craft are: a large diesel-powered launch, a smaller utility launch and three punts.

The large launch was originally an open Higgins boat used by the American Navy; it has been converted at a local shipyard after five months of hard work and is now a rugged, schooner-rigged auxiliary fishing boat.

Its deckhouse runs almost the full length of the ship and its wheelhouse, for’ard, is weather-proof and spacious enough to serve as sleeping accommodation for the captain. Below the for’ard deck are three bunks for the crew.

This launch has a modern freezing chamber capable of holding and freezing six tons of fish. Insulation is provided by eip-ht inches of coconut fibre dust, and the freezing apparatus is operated by a h.p. Rushton Hornsby engine.

The three punts are each 20 feet long and the utility launch 17 feet long.

A small island off the Macuata coast has been selected as a base; and here Mr. Storck and several Fijian fishermen will net the fish, usinp- the utility launch and the nunts. Once a fortnight, Mr.

Hill will transport the fish, frozen and nacked in 100 lb. boxes, to Suva, in the large launch.

Should there be a surplus of fish, this will be smoked or salted at the base island.

The partners were hoping to commence operations at the end of April.

Nine Millions!

Estimated War Damage to Australia and Territories THE report of the War Damage Commission for 1945, tabled in Commonwealth Parliament on April 9. shows that the Fund was in credit by £13.120,000, at December 31, 1945. Against this amount there is an estimated outstanding liability of £7,522.000 —over £6 millions of which is in relation to claims from New Guinea.

At the end of 1944. the amount standing to the credit of the War Damage Fund was £14,947,565, and, as it was more than sufficient to cover war damage that had occurred or would occur, the Regulations were amended to cover any subsequent war damage without any further contributions from property holders and, also, to extend the scope of compensation.

As a result of this policy, and the payment of some claims, there was an excess of £827,117 expenditure over income in the Fund in 1945.

Claims to the value of £2,036,933 had been assessed and recorded up to December 31, 1945. The work of assessment is going on steadily in all areas.

Cost of administration of the Fund (including the head office in Sydney and its branches) was £41,403.

Pacific Peace Stamps

PEACE stamps for the New Zealand Pacific territories of Cook Islands, Western Samoa and Niue are now being overprinted in the Dominion, and should be on sale in the islands referred to on June 4. They will be in denominations of Id., 2d., 6d. and Bd.

These stamps will also be available in the four canital cities of New Zealand.

Envelopes' for use as first-day covers are also being nrenared, and will be on sale at island post offices. Orders for first-day covers or for stamps should be forwarded direct to the postmasters at Apia, Rarotonga or Niue.

It is understood that large orders from overseas philatelists have already been received.

Major Warner Shand when discharged from the Army hopes to return to New Guinea with his family. His wife and son Roger are living in Hamilton, Surfers’ Paradise (Queensland).

Photographs show: (1) Mr. E. F. Storck (left) and Mr. J. A. Hill (centre) converting a US Navy boat. (2) Mr.

Wright discussing constructional problems with Mr. L. Bentley, and Mr.

A. Bentley of Public Works Department. (3) Mrs. Bene Ragg christens "Kusima"(Messrs. Hill and Storck), not with champagne, but with kava, which can be seen cascading down the vessel’s bows.

“Kusima” is Fijian for “the desire for fresh fish.” 14 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Population. 1926 census Fijians 97,651 Indians 85,002 Population, 1945, est. .. 115,724 117,256 Birth-rate, 1945 .. per 1,000, 37.3 43.0 Death-rate, 1945 .. per 1,000, 15.3 7.4 THE YORKSHIRE INSURANCE CO. LTD. (Incorporated in England) FIRE ACCIDENT MARINE

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Samoa: Apia, Pago Pago (American Samoa).

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LTD, The Ultimate factory has made the change-over from its wartime set-up.

Designs for the new models are now completed and production is about to commence.

These models should be available early in 1946—they will be well worth waiting for. Watch for further announcements.

SERVICE: Servicing of all kinds of radio sets, amplifiers and Rola speakers will continue to be available.

Turning A Deaf

EAR Canberra's Attitude to Rabaul Demand From Our Own Correspondent CANBERRA, May 2. rRMER residents of Papua, New Guinea and the Islands, as well as others who lost sons and husbands when Rabaul fell, can give up hope of any official inquiry being ordered into the fall of Rabaul in January, 1942.

Canberra has set its mind against any inouiry, and politicians have turned a deaf ear to the pleas of individuals and organisations who want to be told the true and full story of the Rabaul disaster. Here are some of the questions the people want answered, and Canberra is determined not to answer:— • If Rabaul was to be defended against the Japanese, why wasn’t it adequately defended? • If the Army was determined to sacrifice the hopelessly small garrison at Rabaul, why at least weren’t male civilians stranded in New Britain given an opportunity to escape on ships available in the harbour prior to the invasion? • Is the Army completely satisfied that demolitions were fully carried out at Rabaul prior to the invasion; and if not, where did responsibility lie for failure? • Who was responsible for the whole colossal blunder?

At first, individuals asked the Government to inquire into the debacle. Then followed further requests from organisations, supported by “Pacific Islands Monthly,” and, later, by the Sydney “Daily Telegraph” and other Australian daily papers.

Finally, just before Parliament adjourned in April, Mr. A. Cameron asked the Federal Government to inquire not only into the fall of Rabaul, but into the fall of other bases including Koepang. (See page 22.) To all these appeals the Minister for External Territories (Mr. Ward) turned a deaf ear.

When the appeals were repeated by the press to the Prime Minister (Mr. Chifley) and the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for the Army (Mr. Forde), the only replies the press got were:— Mr. Chifley: “I have heard nothing of these appeals.”

Mr. Forde; “I have nothing to say about that.”

Fijians And The

INDIANS Birth and Death Rates Compared A COMPILATION recently issued by the Registrar-General in Fiji shows the following interesting figures relating to the Fijian and Indian communities : The Fijian race, in comparison with many other Islands races, shows strength and virility. In comparison with the fecund Indian community, now strongly established in that beautiful and fertile archipelago, it makes a tragic showing.

Swanston Diaries

THE diaries of the late Mr. R. S.

Swanston have been returned to Fiji. They deal with life in the South Pacific in the late part of last century. Mr. Swanston was a prominent figure in Fiji and Samoa. —From “Crown Colonist.” 15

Pacific Islands Monthly-May, 19 4 &

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TELEPHONE: B 7901 Box 543, G.P.O., Sydney BPI .45 Rehabilitation Fund Distributions NG Club Copes With Complications DISTRIBUTION of money from their Rehabilitation Fund has caused the New Guinea Women’s Club of Sydney many headaches in past months.

Started 12 months ago, its original purnose of rehabilitating ex-POW and civilian internees was largely nullified by the sinking of the “Montevideo Maru.”

An extraordinary general meeting of the Club was called on April 13 to decide what should be done with the money.

Reports by the Club officials showed that the fund amounted to £1,126/6/1, of which £371/18/2 had been donated by the New Guinea Comforts Fund, and, as such, had “strings tied to it.” The Comforts Find bad been collected for the benefit of Servicemen enlisting from New Guinea or their dependants, and moneys must still be distributed in this way.

The meeting finally decided to treat the sum of £371/18/2 separately, distributing, it among Servicemen or their dependants, and using the remainder of the fund (£754) for the dependants of New Guinea civilians now domiciled in New South Wales.

The whole matter of distribution is complicated by the fact that, to date, it has been impossible for the Club to obtain a list of Servicemen who enlisted in New Guinea—the Army records branch in Queensland has informed the Club that, in effect, they are too busy to attend to their request at present; and also by the fact that the Club has not yet been informed by the Home Secretary’s Office whether it will be permitted to carry on as an organisation which is permitted to collect money from the public. If permission to carry on as a public body is not granted, all moneys held by the organisation must be distributed within the next few weeks.

On the advice of a member that all New Guinea Army records were held in Warwick, Queensland, it was decided to send a telegram to Warwick asking again for a list of men who had enlisted in the Territory and in the meantime to distribute £5 to each of the 107 NSW evacuees who were eligible to benefit from the fund.

The president of the Club, Mrs. H. H.

Page, said that £5 these days actually amounted to very little, but it was a gesture and the only means of equitable distribution which could be agreed upon by members* Some of those 107 were not in need of the money, and it was left to them to signify that they did not need it or to return it to the general fund when it would be re-distributed (with the remainder of the fund) to those people with children or who were in greater need.

New Officers Sought

A LARGE proportion of the Club’s executive— who have done a magnificent job during the war—now feel that thev would like to retire, and the following have signified their intention of not standing for re-election at the end of the financial year in June: Lady McNicoll, patroness; Mrs. H. H. Page, president: Mrs. C. H. R. Maclean, vicepresident; Mrs. J. H. McDonald, hon. secretary; Mrs. H. Adams, hon. treasurer; committee, Mrs. B. G. Edgell, Mrs. J.

Garnsey, Mrs. J. Harding.

Two members of the executive, Mrs. K.

McMullen and Mrs. J. Long, have re- 17 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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Members willing to submit their names for re-election are: Mrs. N. Foxcroft, vicepresident; and committee members, Mrs.

Allan, Mrs. Wallace Brown, Mrs. Forsyth, Mrs. Haynes, Mrs. Meldrum, Mrs. Ormond.

At the end of the meeting Mrs. Wallace Brown was elected assistant treasurer. (Final contributions to the Rehabilitation Fund appear elsewhere, this issue).

Bravery Awards To Wphc

NATIVES AWARDS for bravery to a number of natives of the WPHC Territories were announced in Suva, Fiji, early this year. They were:— Military Medal to Sergeant Sene, of the BSIP Defence Force.

Civil Commendations for Brave Conduct to natives of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, as follows; Falavi, of Vaitupa, wireless operator at Beru; Maheu, of Nanumea, wireless operator at Funafuti and Niutao; Matusi, of Nukufetau, wireless operator at Kuria; Peleti, of Funafuti, wireless operator at Ocean Island; and Telavi, of Nanumea, wireless operator at Abaiang.

These Are "Banana Figs"

Description of an Industry of Interest to Pacific Planters QUR Western Samoa correspondent stated in the April issue of “PIM” that “banana figs” are being manufactured in the Territory. He did not. however, describe the nature of the “figs.”

We have now received a letter from Mr. C. Cooke, of 5 Clement Street, Guildford, NSW, who has kindly supplied a description of the figs, which should be of interest in all bananagrowing Pacific Territories. Mr. Cooke states that he will be pleased to supply any - further information should it be required.

FROM 1927 to 1931 (writes Mr. Cooke) I was managing a banana plantation in Central America for the United Fruit Company. We shipped our bananas to the States by the bunch, and nothing less than a seven-hand bunch was acceptable, which left many fine five and six hand bunches going to waste.

These were allowed to ripen; then each banana was split in two. placed on a tray and covered with icing-sugar.

They were then allowed to dry in the sun for four days (later on, we used a hot-air dryer, which did the job in from 10 to 12 hours).

The bananas, when dried, were about one-third of their original length, and lost their characteristics banana flavour.

Although, of course, minus the seeds, they otherwise tasted like dried figs.

The finished product was packed in small wooden boxes, each box containing about 18 “figs.”

Peace Stamps For British

Colonial Territories

ARRANGEMENTS have been made in the United Kingdom for a special issue of Peace and Reconstruction stamps on June 8, the day of the Victory Parade in London.

As in the case of the 1935 Jubilee issue, the same general format will be used for all Colonial territories. The design will feature the Houses of Parliament with the River Thames in the foreground.

The name of the issuing territory will be printed in a panel at the ton. with a medallion portrait of His Majesty the Kin!? in the top right-hand corner.

Below the title the date June 8, 1946. will be inscribed and duty tablets will be placed in the bottom corners, left and risht. The words “postage and revenue” will appear in a panel at the base.

The Fiji stamps are to be of two denominations —2id. and 3d. —and thev will be placed on sale on June 8 or. if thev have not arrived by then, as soon thereafter as possible.

The stamps will remain on sale until December 31, or until the stocks are exhausted. —From Fiii Public Relations Bulletin.

Capt. T. S, Thomson. MA. who was aide-de-camp to Sir Henrv Luke while the latter was Governor of Fiii. and who subseouently saw active service with the Fiiian battalions in Bougainville, as adjutant to Colonel F. W. Voelcker. and elsewhere, passed through Sydnev in Anril, en route from Britain to Fiii. He will reioin the Fiiian Public Service— probably as a member of the staff of the Colonial Secretary. 18 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Livestock for Islonds People who intend to take Stock to New Guinea are hereby notified that I have on hand the right class of Cattle— Mules— Horses to suit both the Climate and the Pastures of the Territories.

When shipping ia available, I can deliver, on the ship in Cairns or Townsville, Stock intended for any of the Pacific Islands, including Netherlands Indies, Singapore and the Philippines.

I will take all care of Stock and will be responsible for their delivery on the Ship in Sound Condition.

For further particulars, apply to J. J. TOOGOOD Rollingstone, via Townsville, Queensland.

Orders accepted through any Stock Agent, or Bank, in Cairns or Townsville, or direct. • • • -25= cAiuhal ia ’ s finest

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New Coconut Industry In Samoa

Factory to Can Cream For European Market From Our Own Correspondent APIA, April 20.

AFTER lengthy experiments, a company to oe called Aloma Products, Ltd., sponsored in New Zealand, win be formed to can and export coconut cream. It is claimed that tne product is a first-class suostitute lor dairy cream.

The factory will be built on Vailele plantation, close to the beach, on land of the Government-owned New Zealand Reparation Estates.

It is hoped that the factory will provide a good market for the coconuts grown on Samoan plantations; but tnere is, as yet, no indication of the quantity of coconuts required. Native growers are keenly interested in the project.

SOME 50 years ago, the late Lord Leverhulme predicted that in time the products of the dairy cow would be capable of production direct from vegetaole sources, whilst being cheaper in cost and comparable in quality and nutritive value.

It is generally admitted that the flavour and quality of margarine have improved tremendously over the years, and that the product of this great industry has been, and still is, of incalculable benefit to the health of the food-short countries, such as England, where the butter ration has been for years as low as two ounces per week.

Not long ago, it was. announced that plans were complete for the production of milk from the soya bean, on a most economical basis, for the nourishment of the underfed millions of China. Now it is announced that, after considerable and patient research, British enterprise has perfected a process for the canning of coconut cream, one of the most delicious and most nutritive items of the traditional diet of Polynesia.

The possibilities of canning this rich food have always existed and were, in fact, well known to and studied by German scientists prior to the war of 1914.

It is, however, only due to comparatively recent improvements in cream treatment, and more particularly to the very recent research work, that canning of coconut cream in a form which would be immediately acceptable to Europeans has been made possible. rE recent test runs made here on a semi-manufacturing scale were entirely successful. The cream produced is in appearance and consistency exactly like dairy cream. The flavour of the raw coconut cream, which to some Europeans might appear somewhat heavy, is reduced to a nuttiness which is most pleasant and unique, without being immediately attributable to the coconut.

Apart from these improvements in processing, the cream retains in full purity the whole of the properties which have made it so nutritive and delicious in its raw state.

By analysis, the processed cream is fully comparable with dairy cream. The new cream contains approximately 42 per cent, fat, 4 per cent, protein, 4 per cent, carbohydrates, 50 per cent, water. Dairy cream contains approximately 40 per cent, fat, 3 per cent, protein, 4 per cent, carbohydrates, 53 per cent, water. The new cream also contains valuable natural vitamins.

It is claimed that the new cream is perfect for any purpose where dairy cream is normally used. In addition, it is stated that the new cream can be adapted for many other purposes, such as cheese, spreads, mayonnaise, etc.

It is intended that the cream shall be exported in the first place to England, where it is at present illegal to produce dairy cream and where, as was recently announced, even milk will be rationed for some years to come. Even in normal times, dairy cream is expensive and not easy to obtain in the industrial regions of England.

It is predicted that the cream, made up in 8 oz. cans, will retail in England much cheaper than tinned milk, and it would therefore appear that the new industry may look forward to a busy and prosperous future. At the same time, the new industry can do much toward taking up the periodic slack and pricedrops Which have occurred so frequently and painfully in the copra trade and copra industry in the past.

It certainly appears that the production of such cheap, rich food is highly desirable in these days of food shortages, and that it would be of considerable benefit both to the primary producer and to the consumer. * * rOSE responsible for the new product are now planning the first manufacturing plant in Western Samoa, as the coconut there is very rich and the compactness of the nut supply is an added advantage.

A private limited company is being formed in Apia by the individuals responsible for the pioneer work, and will be called Aloma Products, Ltd. The cream will be sold on the English market as Aloma Brand Samoan Cream.

The patents of the process will be held by Tropical Food Developments, Ltd., 29 Burwood Crescent, Remuera, Auckland, New Zealand, which company will be responsible for forming the Samoan company. The two sponsors of the organisation, Messrs. Alan L. Dawrant and R. H. Ridler, who both come from the Midlands, are at present in Apia to prepare the building of the plant and an early beginning of the activities oi the company.

It is reported that American and Indian interests are contacting the proprietors of the process and that, whilst a tie-up with these interests for international marketing is possible, no decision has been made.

Captain H. T. Kienzle, MBE, returned to his plantation in the Yodda Valley, Papua, late in April. He served with distinction in the Australian Army, in the Middle East and New Guinea. The fact that this decorated officer had to wait 51 weeks in Sydney before he could get permission to travel back to his own home in the Territory is a fair indication of what Territorians are enduring at the hands of Australian bureaucracy. 19 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

Warry’s AUBURN

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General Merchants . . . Export Agents

REPRESENTING LEADING FIRMS IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS.

Islands Produce sold on Shippers’ AccounWLiberal Advances against Consignments.

Buyers of all Islands’ Requirements on Commission—Original Invoices Furnished.

Bankers : Bank of New South Wales .. Bank of New Zealand .. Comptoir National d’Escompte de Paris.

Cable Address: Chasull, Sydney. 379 KENT STREET, SYDNEY, N.S.W. 20 Mav. i946—P a c i P i c Islands monthly

Primrose Trading Co.

Importers—Exporters

PRIMROSE BUILDING, 255 a GEORGE STREET. SYDNEY.

Cable Address: Woolaustral.

Importers of Island Products and Curios Exporters of All Classes Produce and Manufactured Goods Inquiries Solicited.

BANKERS: National Bank of Australasia, Ltd., Head Office, Sydney.

Comptoir National d’Escompe de Paris, Sydney.

Sole Distributing Agents for the Pacific Islands:

Brial & Ball

528 COLLINS STREET, 1 BOND STREET, MELBOURNE. SYDNEY. ’Phone; MU4837. ’Phone: 87371.

Republic Of

PHILIPPINES Roxas Takes Charge Under Direction and Protection of United States OSMENA, president, and leader of a Conservative Government, was decisively defeated on April 23, when 3,000,000 voted (in a population of 18,000,000) in the Philippines general election.

The new president is General Manuel Roxas, leader of a breakaway section of the Conservatives; former member of the Jap-controlled puppet Government; lately president of the Senate; and described as a strong and colourful personality.

The Philippines will be formally declared an independent republic, on July 4, 1946, in accordance with the Tydings- McDuffie Act, signed by the President of the United States on March 24, 1934.

Fears that the disruption caused by the Pacific war would make it necessary to postpone the declaration of Philippines independence have been set aside, it was officially announced early in 1946 that the original plan would be carried out in its entirety.

Nominally independent, the Philippines Republic will be both politically and commercially under the influence and protection of the United States for a long time. On May 1, President Truman signed an agreement providing for preferential trade between United States and Philippines for 28 years; Philippines products will be admitted to the United States free of duty until July 3, 1954, after which duties may be applied gradually; and United States is to give direct aid to the Philippines, amounting to 525 million dollars, and transfer also to the republic about 100 million dollars worth of surplus war goods.

ALTHOUGH*- the seven-party “popular front,” called the Democratic Allian.C 6, a PP to dominate the Philippines Parliament, overshadowing the Conservative parties, it is apparent that the policies and administration of the new republic will be powerfully influenced and moulded by the new President Roxas, whose personal character and inclinations tend towards dictatorship. If he is held in check by American influence, he probably will provide an efficient administration, and hold in control the left wing of the Democratic Alliance, where there is a strong and restive Communist Party, led by the extremist Luis Taruc, The Communists are called the Hukbalap—popularly, the Huks—and, if there should be weakness or indecision in the central administration, they are capable of fomenting revolt. All the elements of revolution are in the country. Administration is chaotic; national finance is (hence the need for America’s $525,000,000); the chief industries— especially sugar production have been seriously disrupted; food is in short supply; and the country has suffered enormous war damage—Manila city still is a wreck.

PROBABLY, it was because the. Philippines picture is so ugly that General MacArthur backed Mapuel Roxas There was no apparent reason why Roxas should not have gone to gaol with the other collaborators.

When the Americans returned, and the other Puppet Ministers were safely put away, Roxas was received warmly by the American Commander-in-Chief, placed on his stall, and added to the Philippines Cabinet as soon as President Osmena arrived from America. It was pointed out that Roxas had signed the Puppet Constitution; that he was at the head of the Economic Planning Board set up by the Japs: that he was one who signed the Philippines declaration of war against the United States. But General MacArthur said Roxas had been left behind in the Philippines to do a particular job; and, if the voting is any indication, that assurance has been accepted by the Filipinos.

The Philippines Republic, for better or worse, is to be set upon a certain course.

United States money and protection have been provided. A captain has been chosen. If wisdom has directed these things, we may see a new and vigorous nation arise in the north-west Pacific, in 21 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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Write or call : May Special: HURRICANE LANTERNS!

For Immediate Delivery Now available to Island residents is the Aurora Hurricane Lantern, the lantern which was used by the Army in .the Tropics.

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Sydney the next 50 years. But if as some critics insist—there has been lack of wisdom, if Roxas should prove to be merely a decorative adventurer, the new republic will be convulsed by economic troubles and torn by civil war before the end of 1947.

There has been an increase in petty crime in Western Samoa in recent months. Police have warned householders not to leave their property unguarded; but, in spite of this, there have been a number of cases o£ breaking and entering by young lads. Stores in Apia and the country districts have been ransacked also.

To Modernise Suva

Town Board's Plans AT present seeking technical and professional advice in New Zealand is Mr. P. T. Cahill, engineer of the Suva Town Board, which plans to modernise the town and prepare for the return of tourist traffic to the Colony.

It is hoped to build a new Town Hall, public markets and a pavilion in Albert Park.

Mr. Cahill expects to remain in New Zealand for about six weeks, in which time he will consult architects, obtain the services of a landscape gardener to lay out a number of parks and grounds in Suva, and study road construction methods.

The Blame For

RABAUL Another Demand For Inquiry CANBERRA, April 11.

AN inquiry into the fall before the Japanese, of Australian garrisons at Rabaul and other Pacific bases, was demanded in the Australian Parliament to-day by Mr. Cameron (Liberal, SA).

Mr. Cameron said in the House of Representatives: “The Commonwealth Government has made no authoritative statement on just what happened to our garrisons in certain parts of the Pacific.

“I put it to the Government they had no hesitation in setting up a Court of inquiry to find out whether there were too many Korean women and children aboard the Japanese destroyer ‘Yoizuki.’

We should pay at least the same attention to the feelings of our own people and find out for once and for all what really happened to their relatives who were members of garrisons overrun by the Japanese early in the Pacific war.

“I am referring to garrisons like Rabaul, and Koepang, in the South-West Pacific, and over near the Netherlands East Indies.

“It is the direct and inesca’pable responsibility of the Government to find out what happened to these garrisons.

There are enough people vitally interested in these garrisons to see the Government shoulders this responsibility and carries out an investigation. I have written to the Prime Minister (Mr. Chifley) asking him to have inquiries made.”

Editorial Note

IT will be astonishing if Mr. Cameron gets any action by the Australian Government. The abandonment of 300 male civilians in Rabaul to the Japs by Australia was one of the most damnable things in the Pacific war. It was the result of muddle and incompetence by two or three gentlemen who now hold very high official positions.' Demands for an inquiry and placing of the blame for the virtual murder of over 200 Australian men, have been made again and again; but Australian Ministers, for reasons best known to themselves, have made common cause with Brasshats and bureaucrats in avoiding such an inquiry. The demand should be made an issue in the forthcoming general election in Australia.

Record Caledonian Budget

FOR 1946 THE 1946 Budget, approved by the New Caledonian Conseil General, is by far the biggest in the Colony's history, However, the cost of living approaches four times what it was prewar, while inhabitants have far more money at their disposal than they were formerly accustomed to.

The Budget estimates ordinary revenue of 163,050,120 francs, and non-recurring extraordinary revenue of 42,209,879 francs.

The Colony still jibs at income tax, whose introduction, first recommended by Governor Sautot, has been and will be fought by fair means and foul. But it is hoped to balance large-scale Budget expenditure by other means. 22 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Peck’s never compromise where quality and purity are concerned. Every ingredient is selected with the utmost care, and the whole process of manufacture is carried out under conditions of the strictest hygiene. Peck’s Fish Pastes too are prepared from carefully selected fish, packed under similarly ideal conditions.

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When serviced they are subject to small fee for insurance, postage and handling.

All Sheaffer regular pens are guaranteed against defects of material and workmanship.

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Shipping and Exports Both Increase in Fiji SUVA, April 5.

AS shipping facilities have improved, trade has increased between Fiji and New Zealand. Figures released recently show an overall' improvement in exports from the Colony to New Zealand during the first quarter of 1946 as compared with a similar period in 1945.

Most marked improvement was in bananas (33,000 cases in 1946, 24,000 in 1945); citrus (1,025 cases in 1946, 45 in 1945); coconut meal (300 bags in 1946, nil in 1945); peanuts (578 bags In 1946, 6 in 1945).

Two well-known Papuan families will be united when Miss Peg Rutledge and Mr. Trevor Ward (whose engagement has recently been announced) marry. Miss Rutledge is the daughter of the late Mr.

C. G. Rutledge (of Misima Island) and Mrs. Rutledge (now of Toowong, Brisbane); and her fiance is the eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. E. I. Ward, of Veimauri Plantation, Papua.

Reserved For Territorians!

Commonwealth Disposals Commission Gives New Guinea Second Chance of Surplus Military Equipment BELATEDLY, and after Australian dealers had had first choice, the Commonwealth Disposals Commission has decided to give returning Territorians a chance to purchase surplus equipment.

An advertisement directed to “former residents, missions, traders, planters, mining and shipping companies and others concerned” appeared in the Australian press during April. It stated that representatives of the Commission are located at Port Moresby, Lae, Rabaul and Torokina, and that business could also be effected, by arrangement, at Aitape, Wewak, Madang and Finschhafen.

Lying in the above areas are motor vehicles, ships, and small craft, engineer stores, hardware, canvas ware, clothing, mess equipment, buildings, machine tools, household goods and food. These may be inspected and purchased where they lie.

Turf For the General's Rabaul Garden r JTHE following despatch from Rahaul , dated April 11, was published in the “Courier Mail” Brisbane: RAAF officers were amazed a few days ago to see an Australian soldier digging up sods of turf on Lakunai air-strip and placing them in a jeep trailer and immediately interviewed him. The soldier, a corporal, said he had been instructed by the GOC, Bth Military District (Major- General Basil Morris), to dig sods from the air-strip for a garden which he was making near his headquarters.

Couch grass turf had been planted by RAAF men at the west-north-west approach to the runway to lengthen the airstrip.

The RAAF OC, Flight-Lieut. Cornish, ordered the corporal off the air-strip, and telephoned the Bth Military District Headquarters and spoke to the Camp Commandant. He said to-day: “The Camp Commandant said he had a vague recollection of General Morris saying he wanted some of the good grass from the air-strip for his garden. He promised to inquire who authorised the soldier to cut pieces out of the air-strip, but I have heard nothing since.

“If they want turf I can show them half a dozen places in Rabaul where they can get it, but only a lunatic would dream of damaging an air-strip. A dangerous hole would soon be worn by aircraft if the earth were left bare. With the rains here an earthy quagmire could cause a fatal crash,” he added.

He also said that Qantas had been granted permission to fly an air-mail to Rabaul, but had refused to do so until Lakunai air-strip was lengthened and widened.

Nineteen members of Nauru’s native police, who survived Japanese internment during the occupation of the island, were round-tripping to Australia on the “Trienza” in April. The party spent several days in Newcastle before going on with the ship to Melbourne. 24 MAY, 4946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

o

Green Label

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CUtCt Ji J.A D.GIB50N AND COMPANY PTV LIMITED 364 KentStreet Sydney. CNR KINCd DARBY STREETS NOT BEFORE 1947!

Now-famous "Bulolo" Retained by Admiralty IT appears that it will be well on into 1947 before Territorians will see their pre-war luxury liner “Bulolo” again. Latest advice received by the owners {Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd.) , is that the ship is likely to be retained by the Admiralty for a further six months.

The following, from the “Straits Times,” Singapore, of January 7, indicates the kind of niche “Bulolo” has made for herself in Naval history —although her alleged peacetime name of “Classic Pioneer” is a new one to us; likewise the fact that Bulolo is a mining town in Australia.

HMS “Bulolo,” one of the most famous ships in Britain’s wartime navy, sailed from Singapore yesterday,, on her last voyage under the White Ensign.

Like many of the men she carried, “Bulolo” will be “demobbed” on arrival in the United Kingdom.

Then, after a coat of white paint, perhaps to replace her naval grey, she will resume a career, under her peacetime name, “Classic Pioneer.” But it is as HMS “Bulolo” that her name will live on resoundingly in naval records. Named after an Australian mining town, “Bulolo” was the first of the headquarter ships.

These ships won fame in all the major combined operations and became known throughout the Allied Services as the Navy’s “drain” ships.

She was so much part of the great days of struggle when combined operations were assaulting Nazi territory all over the map, that Admiral Mountbatten made a special trip out to her to say good-bye, is one of his “break-ranks-andgather-round” talks.

Built to cruise the sunny waters of the run between Australia, New Guinea and the South Sea Islands, “Bulolo” was called up in 1939 as an armed merchant cruiser. One result of having a wireless specialist as chief of combined operations was that Admiral Mountbatten went straight for the idea of having 50 wireless sets dfloat in one ship to form a combined operations headquarters ship.

Early in April, 1942, his ideas took shape, when the “Bulolo” was allocated to his command as the first headquarters ship.

Progress Report of Tatura Inquiry BY mid-April Mr. Justice Simpson had heard 371 cases in the civilian internees inquiry at Tatura (Victoria), and, on his recommendation, 147 Germans and 11 Italians had been given deportation orders by Immigration Minister Calwell. (See article February “PIM.”) The others —177 Germans and .36 Italians—have been permitted to remain in Australia (or presumably, where applicable, return to New Guinea).

It is believed that a progress report has been submitted by Mr. Justice Simpson to the Commonwealth Government, but all other details are still withheld. It is not known, for example, how many ex-New Guinea residents have been released from Tatura and whether they will be permitted to return to the Territory.

Only information on the subject of internees generally has come through “questions in the House.” In the House of Representatives, Canberra, recently, Mr. Spender (Liberal) asked: “Is there any reason why internees of enemy nationality, who have reasonably been suspected of subversive activities during the war, should not be deported?”

Dr. Evatt (Department of External Affairs) replied that, in his opinion, no enemy alien should be deported unless he had been proved to be engaged in subversive activity as distinct from having been merely suspected of having been so engaged. For that reason, he s. id, each case required separate investigation.

Still in Tatura WRITING from Tatura at the end of April, Mr. O. Soltwedel (formerly of Wan, New Guinea), reported that he was “still on the wrong side of the fence.” He said that other New Guinea men still held there included Messrs. Paatsch, Werner, R. Macco, P.

Nechtritz, Gruesser, and Melcher. All of them hoped to be repatriated to New Guinea, if possible.

The “PIM” and others thereupon made further inquiry, to ascertain why these men are held in the prison camp one year after the capitulation of Germany. But the Australian authorities maintain a Gestapo-like silence.

Matson Ships To Be Rebuilt

THE Matson Company announced in New York in April that their liners “Mariposa,” “Monterey” and “Lurline” will be completely rebuilt as soon as they are released by the United States Government.

They will be air-conditioned throughout. Cost of renovation is expected to be in the vicinity of 20,000,000 dollars, and it is hoped that the work will be completed before the end of this year.

All three ships have, for several months, been transporting war brides across the Pacific between New Zealand and Australia, and the United States, a war for personal freedom; but Brasshats still can keep German-New Guinea civilians locked up, and refuse to give any reason. 25 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

STAMPS We buy collections, also all issues in quantity, either off or on paper. Top prices. Send registered mail.

Agents required for Pacific Islands, Papua and New Guinea to service covers and send mint stamps.

A. Willison, Box 128, Burnie, Tasmania.

Three Radio Specials I

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“TrAnif'.nrnnf Amonifioo” nHfVi cnooial “Tropic-proof Amenities” receiver complete with 6-volt special radio battery. NOTE: I believe that I am the only distributor in Sydney who can offer “wet” batteries at this time.

PRICE, £32/15/-. Prepaid freight, insurance, packing, etc., £l/7/-

A.C. Model. Stromberg-Carlson Dual Wave Mantel

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Nh High Chief Shot From Ambush

Murder Starts Trouble Between Big Nambus and Amok Tribes From a Special Correspondent ON Christmas Eve, 1945, while sitting in his large native house, drinking kava with some of his friends, Maluan Vavau, the high chief of the Big Nambus tribe on north-west Malekula, New Hebrides, was fatally shot by someone hiding in the thick jungle a few yards from the assembled party.

About 14 years ago, Maluan succeeded his retiring and now-deceased father, Nikambat; or, as the late Martin Johnson featured him in his famous films, “Nagapat, the High Chief of the Big ‘Numbers.’ ” (Definitely, “Big Nambus” is the correct name of the tribe, for they wear as a covering the deeply dyed grass of the jungle.) The old chief had been a fearless leader of his warriors and always maintained his dignity. He controlled a harem of ten or a dozen wives. Upon his father’s decision to surrender the chieftainship to his aggressive offspring, Maluan Vavau determined to maintain all the privileges and the rank of his father.

In his early teens he had his warriors out scouting the countryside for his prospective brides, paying as security scores of pigs, so that when he finally became chief he had in his compound, or harem, just as many wives as his father.

The impact of civilisation brought a measure of enlightenment to these tribesmen, who began to chafe under the severe regime of their chief, especially when they recognised that his indulgence in owning so many wives forced them to a state of celibacy. Then, too, constant warfare with neighbouring tribes exposed them to dangers from which they would gladly be freed. * Many of the young men signed on with planters, others with recruiting vessels.

With the coming of Christian missions the lads of the village wished for an education, and so the forces of the chief began to diminish. mREN the outbreak of World w«r it I hrmio-ht • r^f r *1 A 1 -ei jJ i lghten f ed W orld P he?ltoforp k unknown °™ r world heretofore unknown to them. The compound of the chief became a rendezvous for American officers and Servicemen, and these primitive tribesmen were sometimes asked to accompany them on boat excursions. On such trips they saw more of the potentialities of modern warfare.

The high chief was for a while the guest of some of the officers at one of the largest Allied bases in the South Sea Islands. But while temporarily impressed with the magnitude of it all, he preferred his native house and the maintenance of his prestige as ruler of his tribe.

Ignoring the overtures of the missionaries to forsake his old haunts and settle down in a more accessible place, where he could have his children educated, and take advantage of the amenities of present-day life, he continued to live in his more or less secluded compound, endeavouring to perpetuate the superstitious practices of his forebears.

He was thus engaged when the fatal shot brought his life to an untimely end, aged about 45 years.

It can hardly be imagined that his eldest son will assume the full responsibility carried by his father. However, the widows and fatherless children are left to the care of the tribe.

THE tribe of Amok, located a few miles away, were suspected of the murder, and Maluan’s friends endeavoured to avenge the wrong by shooting one of their men.

The warriors of Amok immediately retaliated. They went down to the mission station on the coast, which was in charge of a native teacher, and shot one of the residents there, who belonged to Maluan’s tribe. He had discarded his heathen ways and was living peacefully.

Just how this tangle can be unravelled and justice meted out, is difficult to say.

The Government District Officer living on the other side of the island has been advised of the trouble, and no doubt he will endeavour to discover and convict the guilty ones.

It is true, both in the natural and the spiritual world, that what a man sows he will also reap. This irrevocable law none can expect to evade.

The fate of the high chief must make The old chief Nikambat and his tribesmen. Photograph was taken over 20 years ago by Martin Johnson. 26 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Copies of Pacific Islands Monthly Can ALWAYS be obtained at the following places: SYDNEY; T. L. Cordingley’s Bookstalls at Martin Place, outside G.P.0., near George Street; and at G.P.O. Colonnade, George Street end.

BRISBANE; R. S. Macdonald, next G.P.0., Brisbane, Qld.

MELBOURNE: McGill’s Authorised Newsagency, 183-5 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne.

AUCKLAND: W. A. Webb, Waverley Hotel Bldgs., Queen Street, Auckland.

SUVA: James A. Muir, Suva, Fiji; and Miss R. Castles, Victoria Parade, Suva, Fiji. c :e also list of agents on PAGE 7 Q rv* "W.|HURCH&Son ISLAND trader AUCKLAND, Cable Address.

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Refer your order to us for New Zealand’s Island famous products I -V an impression, not only upon his people, but also upon the surrounding tribes of that part of the country. It may be that greater facilities will now be given the missionaries to extend their work; and probably they will have easier access to the young people, who are giving evidence of a desire to separate from the old ways and live in peaceful conditions.

Labour Unrest Continues

In Rarotonga

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, March 30.

LABOUR unrest in Rarotonga continues.

A tribunal to investigate local claims for higher wages was to have been held in Rarotonga at the beginning of April, and a Judge of the Industrial Court of NZ was to have arrived by ’plane to preside over the meeting, which would include the Resident Commissioner and local Judge, the manager of the Union SS Co., a representative of the principal trading firms and the delegates of the labourers concerned. But this investigation has now been postponed until May.

Postponement is due to a “note” from the Islands Association —a selfelected group in NZ that have undertaken to direct the labour policy of the Cook Islands. The Cook Islands Association presented to the New Zealand Government their own plan for the tribunal, insisting that a number of thenown members be included. The NZ Government replied that it did not recognise this organisation and that Rarotongan affairs, being of local concern, would be dealt with locally.

In the meantime, what might be termed “gangster” methods, are being employed by some of the local delegates of the tribunal. They make personal calls on workmen, suggesting that they pay 2/6 and sign up as members of a labour organisation. Cautious persons who show reluctance to pay up and toe the line are warned that should they refuse to do so, steps will be taken to see that they are removed from their present employment.

Such methods are likely to do the cause more harm than good.

With the hurricane season just ending and the Islands very short of staple supplies, there is still some anxiety as to whether the wharf labourers will work the first steamer of the season, which is <iue in a few weeks.

The wharf workers had agreed to continue to work, although under protest, at the present rates until the result of the coming tribunal is made known.

RAROTONGA, April 29. rERE is a feeling of relief here, especially among the fruit-growers, as the season’s first shipment of 6,000 cases of oranges has been lightered out to the “Maui Pomare.” It has been an anxious month.

The wharf workers having been persuaded with no little difficulty to stay put until after the forthcoming tribunal, our labour leaders produced a further crop of headaches by arousing strife among the orange pickers.

Mr. J. A. Gilmour, of the NZ Industrial Court, will arrive in Rarotonga by plane on May 24 to conduct the tribunal investigating local wage rates. It is also announced that Mr. A. G. Osborne, MP, accompanied by Mr. C. G. R. McKay, Secretary of Island Territories, will arrive in Rarotonga by plane on May 11 for a short visit on official business. £1,000,000 Damage on Ocean and Nauru But Phosphate Exports Expected by July INFORMATION given in Victoria in April by Mr. A. H. Gaze, general manager of the British Phosphate Commission, indicates that shipments of phosphate from Nauru and Ocean Island are expected to begin in July. The output for 1946-47 is estimated at from 200,000 to 275,000 tons. As mechanical loading equipment is restored, it is hoped to increase output to between 500,000 and 650,000 tons in 1947-48, to between 700,000 and 850,000 tons in 1948-49, and between 1,000,000 and 1,200,000 tons in 1949-50.

Mr. Gaze said that about £1,000,000 worth of war damage had been done to the Commission’s property on the two islands. Good progress, however, was being made with reconstruction.

EDITOR’S NOTE: Nauru, although administered by Australia (Department of External Territories) on behalf of her other two partners in the Mandate, Great Britain and New Zealand, does not come within the scope of the Australian War Damage compensation scheme. The War Damage Commission has, however, conducted, on behalf of the Commonwealth, a survey of war damage to Government and Government employees’ property, and the employees have been compensated by the Commonwealth—although not from War Damage funds. Employees of the BPC will, it is understood, be rehabilitated by the BPC and probably some proportion of the cost of the reconstruction work on mining and loading equipment, on both Nauru and Ocean Island, will be paid by the Governments of Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand. The administration of Ocean Island, of course, is not the province of Australia, but of the British Western Pacific High Commission.

The Rev. Fathers Tonjes, Schlieker, and Muller, sailed by the “Ormiston” from Sydney in May to resume their mission work in the Toraklna .area of Bougainville (Northern Solomons, but part of the Mandated Territory of New Guinea).

New Building Sites For

Home-Hungry Suva

rE area, about three miles from Suva, which was used as an Army camp during the war, is being surveyed for leasehold building sites, says the “Crown Colonist.”

Entire lack of suitable sites near Suva for many years has created a big demand for both sites and houses, and high prices have been paid during the war by Indians for town sites. Building restrictions are partly to blame for the present shortage.

In February, during the absence of Mr.

H. E. Maude, MBE, Acting Resident Commissioner of the Gilbert and Ellice Colony, Mr. D. C. I. Wernham acted as Resident Commissioner.

BUTTERFLIES and the Larger Moths WANTED From all sections of the Pacific Islands.

Will pay not less than: $25.00 per 1,000 for common attractive Butterflies. $30.00 to $50.00 per 1,000 for showey papilios, larger Butterflies and Moths.

For large Moths and Ornithopteras and the Rarer Species, will pay from $lO.OO to $50.00 per 100 specimens.

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"Tahitienne'S" Third

ATTEMPT rE 94-ton trading schooner “Tahitienne,” which was purchased] last September by Mr. D. C. Brown, of Rarotonga, left Auckland (NZ) on March 27, bound for the Cook Islands.

This was the “Tahitienne’s” third attempt to sail home. Rudder trouble developed just out of Auckland on the first attempt: and on the second, the propeller-shaft gave out when she was about 1,000 miles on her journey.

N. Pacific Tidal Wave Affects Rarotonga From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, April 2.

RAROTONGA, too, has had its marine disturbances recently, although they were but a pale reflection of the disaster that originated in the North Pacific and overwhelmed Hilo (Hawaiian Islands).

People returning to business after the lunch-hour on April 1, were astonished to see the water rapidly receding from the Avarua and Avatiu harbours.

The levels fell until the rocky bottoms of both were revealed, the water from the surrounding shallows cascading down the jagged coral walls and draining a large area, while the streams which feed the harbours were forcibly emptied.

In a short time the water welled up again, overflowing the normal level apd washing inshore.

This “swilling” action continued, gathering momentum until the harbours were emptying and filling at about tenminute intervals. Considering the large body of water involved, the fluctuations occurred with surprising rapidity, the passages emptying and overflowing in the space of about two minutes.

A PECULIAR feature of the phenomenon was that though the harbours were fluctuating so violently, there was no particularly noticeable misbehavour on the part of the surf on the edge of the adjacent reefs. The ocean was farily quiet at the time, the tide low, and no abnormal disturance of the surface water was apparent. As the harbours drained, the seething water appeared to bank up steeply to meet the ocean level at the harbour mouth.

Masses of floating debris swept from the beaches shunted continually between the shore and the seaward end of the harbour. rE greatest fluctuations occurred at 4.30 p.m. The water from the overflows then crossed the road in front of the Administration buildings. Efforts were made to save the Union SS Co. motor launch which was plunging down the slope towards the deepest part of the harbour with each recession.

The launch was finally overwhelmed and filled, but with this extra weight it broke its last moorings on the next surge and was swept in to the beach where it was secured.

Three natives who had been outside fishing in their small one-man canoes, made a spectacular dash on one of the surges and landed safely.

Estimates of the difference between the rise and fall in the harbours during this period varied from 25 to 30 feet.

AFTER 4.30 the fluctuations gradually became less violent and of longer intervals. At the end of the following day, the same motion was still noticeable but to a much lesser degree.

The Avarua and Avatiu harbours are near to each other and both face north.

The Ngatangiia passage, on the eastern side of the island, was not noticeably affected, however.

Although it was realised that a submarine disturbance had occurred somewhere, it was not until the early evening radio news session that the residents became aware of the magnitude of the catastrophe that had occurred in the Northern Pacific.

At this date, no reports of any unusual occurrence have been received from any of the outer Cook Islands.

W. SAMOA, TOO!

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, April 5. mHE tail-end of the Alaskan tidal wave X which brought death and destruction to the Hawaiian Islands on April 1, startled the residents of the Samoan Group who observed a marine disturbance at noon on the same day.

Fortunately for Samoa, it was only a very feeble demonstration of Nature’s powerful forces.

No damage or loss of life was suffered throughout this Group. On Apia’s main beach an unusually heavy sea broke against the shore and when the water receded it left the small motor vessels of Apia’s “mosquito fleet” high and dry on the mud, or jammed against the Customs wharf. Off-shore reefs and mudbanks. normally hidden under the surface of the sea, were exposed, and residents of Apia gathered at the beach to watch and discuss the unprecedented occurrence.

Apia kids had a Roman holiday; they gathered numerous small (and some big) fish which had been stranded in the mud.

Havoc At Pitcairn

NEWS of the effect of the North Pacific tidal wave of April 1, on Pitcairn Island, was brought to Sydney at the end of the month by Mr. Floyd McCoy, descendant of the original McCoy, of the “Bounty’s” crew.

Mr. McCoy says that at 10 o’clock on the night of April 1, Pitcairners in their houses 200 feet up the cliffs heard the thunderous beating of waves against the coast. It was subsequently found that half of the island’s 24 fishing canoes had been swept away from the landing place in Bounty Bay, and that one of the four 38 ft. surf-boats which are used to go out to ships anchored off-shore had disappeared altogether. The other three had been engulfed, but were held in position by the strong frames of the pandamus shelter-huts in which they were housed.

Prom marks on the cliffs, residents estimated that the tidal waves were 60 feet above normal. The whole island trembled while it was being battered by the enormous masses of water. 28 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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CABLE ADDRESS: “RO BERG ILL*' PHONES BW 4782-B 1305 "Good-Neighbour" Policy Ends With Lend-Lease From Our Own Correspondent APIA, April 5.

UNCLE SAM’S Lend-Lease policy has ended at the naval base at Pago Pago, American Samoa.

The RNZAF transport Dakotas, which form the connecting air-mail link between Western Samoa, Fiji, Tonea and Auckland, used to fuel at Pago Pago after leaving Apia on the way back to New Zealand. But when last week’s ’plane arrived at Pago, the American authorities flatly told New Zealand’s flyers that any aviation gasoline needed' by them would have to be paid for spot cash and in dollars.

The New Zealanders had apparently forgotten their pocket books, so the ’plane, with passengers and urgent air-mails, had to return to Ania and wait three days there for the necessary fuel.

As the previous mail ’plane to New Zealand had omitted to call at Apia owing to the outbreak of infantile paralysis in Rarotonga, the unfriendly attitude of our American neighbours at Pago Pago caused some inconvenience and trouble — particularly to the commercial community.

It is reported, however, that the reason for the refusal of the Americans to refuel New Zealand ’planes on any other than a “cash-and-carry” basis was that New Zealand had started the fuel war first. It is alleged that NZ refused to fuel American ’planes in New Zealand and that the American Samoan incident was in retaliation for that action.

Armit-Christensen Wedding

A photograph taken at the wedding of well-known Territorian Mr. Lionel P. B. Armit, to Miss P. Christensen, on March 27. (A report was published in April “PIM,”) Shown are: Miss Margaret Garry (flower girl); the bridegroom; the bride (seated); Mr. George Allen Innes, also well-known in the Territories (who gave the bride away); Miss Heather Allen Innes (bridesmaid); and Lieut. Bevan Christensen (best man) 29 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1940

Male Female Total Europeans 207 152 359 Part-Europeans .. .. 2,694 2,346 5,040 Native Samoans .. .. 31,797 30,625 62,422 Chinese Labourers . .. 294 2 294 Other Chinese 4 3 7 Melanesians 74 1 75 35,0,70 33,127 68,197 What about your FUTURE' No matter bow poor your education or how limited your opportunities, the I.C.S. can fit you for a better Job I Don t delay. Write now for particulars— an enquiry costs only a postage stamp!

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This is the h .

Here, at Histon, near Cambridge, is Chivers Factory, surrounded by orchards and gardens where the choicest English fruits are grown. Sun-ripened and in perfect condition for preserving, these fruits come in all their freshness to Chivers Factory to be made into the finest jams it is possible to imagine.

Supplies are still limited but full shipments will be resumed as soon as possible.

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W. Samoa Census Figures

THE following are the amended figures of the Western Samoan census of September 25, 1945, some details of which were given last -month:—

Mv "Lakatoi"

How She Escaped the Fall of Rabaul /pHE Burns Philp motor vessel “Lakatoi,”

X 340 tons, Captain James Farrar, ran regularly along the South Papuan coast from Daru, in the west, out to Misima Island, in the east, in the years before the war. Her home port was Samaraii.

Late in 1941, she was ordered to proceed from Port Moresby to Rabaul. She was kept for some time in Rabaul by the authorities there, being repeatedly sent around to the north coast, to Witu Islands, to bring copra to Rabaul. She brought 2,000 bags at a time.

When she Was again ordered away from Rabaul, to Witu, in January, 1942, Rabaul already was being air-raided, and the crew protested strongly against remaining in the vicinity. However, she went away on her fourth trip, and was at Witu Is. when the Japs landed in Rabaul on January 23, 1942.

Henceforward, for the next six weeks, Captain Farrar and his “Lakatoi” dodged around the Witus, not knowing what to do. By day she was kept close hidden in the very good harbours in the Witus, mostly in Meto. It was in these waters that the German vessel “Wolff” remained hidden for so long in the last war.

A Jap plane came along one dav and flew past the “Lakatoi,” onlv about a mile away. It went on towards the western end of New Britain.

Later, the Jap returned and flew close over the “Lakatoi.” Everyone on board rushed to the boats and left the ship— they expected she would be blown up any moment.

But the Jap pilot signed to them to return to the ship and .proceed eastward towards Rabaul. The captain decided to follow instructions—and then to go straight across to the New Ireland shore, and try to creep through St.

George’s Channel and away southwards in the darkness.

However, they eluded the Japs and went into Talasea island—and, later on, they started off westwards towards Vitiaz Strait. They steamed along during the nights and hid up among the islands in daytime.

They picked up a couple of boatloads of refugee soldiers at the western end of New Britain, and they eventually got through Dampier and Vitiaz Straits, and away south to Cairns.

They left Witu, finally, on March 20, 1942, and reached Cairns early in April.

“Lakatoi” was later taken over by the Americans, and was overloaded, and sank off the coast of New Caledonia in 1943.

There were many lively Incidents while the “Lakatoi” was on the north coast of New Britain. They had no teleradio — only a receiving set, from which they tried to pick up news of what was happening. They got a rumour that the Aus- MV “Lakatoi.” 30 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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6tWtMl OFFICES AND FABRICATION DIVISION: GRANVILLE. SYDNEY. tralians had evacuated Rabaul, and they sent away Mr. Lumley, and another, in Mrs. Baker’s launch, to the north coast of New Britain to try and get news. Someone there—an Australian official—seized Mr. Lumley and the launch, and would not let them go—but they escaped eventually. Mr. Lumley appears to have been Captain Farrar’s right-hand man. Also aboard the “Lakatoi,” when she escaped were Mr. E. D. Robinson, a BP plantation inspector, and District Officer J. K.

McCarthy. Mr. Robinson afterwards joined the AIB, and won captain’s rank and the Military Cross.

Mrs. Jean Poole, widow of Rev. John Poole, formerly of the Methodist Mission, Rabaul, is taking the missionary sister’s course at George Brown College before returning to New Guinea. Her husband was one of the missionaries lost on the “Montevideo Maru.”

Shipping Shortages Are World Wide rE world shipping shortage, caused by the recent war, is seriously affecting world trade. Australia, being so far from the markets in Europe and America, is at a greater disadvantage than most countries, and it is essential that every square foot of shipping space should be used to the best advantage.

A recent announcement in the press quoted an authority as saying that the current hold-up of Dutch ships in Australian waters is preventing seven ships with a carrying capacity of 24,000 tons from leaving our snores every six weeks.

These vessels are waiting to carry shipments of goods purchased from Australia by the Dutch and on return would bring to this country many of the products of the N.E.I. that have been in such short supply during the war years.

Whilst these hold-ups continue, our trade with the countries of the Pacific, so valuable to Australia’s export future, is suffering and Australian workers are being deprived of the jobs that this trade would make available in Australia.

It is tragic to think that a small group of anti-Dutch Communists should be in a position to cause Australia’s economy and prestige such harm and neutralise the valuable cargo-carrying potential of these Dutch vessels.

Contributed by Ceigoa Pty., Ltd. (Consolidated Export and Import Group of Australia), 54 Oxford Street, Sydney.

No Clothing Coupons

Needed In Australian

Pacific Territories

A RECENT circular from the Australian Rationing Commission states that mail orders for rationed clothing may be received in Australia from Nauru and Papua-New Guinea up to a value of 50 coupons. The circular states: Parcel post facilities have recently been restored between the Commonwealth and Nauru.

No ration books are issued to either the white or native residents and, in view of their limited demands, it has been decided to permit mail orders up to a value of 50 coupons to be fulfilled without reference to Deputy Directors.

Orders for goods exceeding a value of 50 coupons should be referred to the Deputy Director.

Reimbursement of coupons will be made to traders on production of copy invoices.

Administrative difficulties have occurred in applying coupon rationing of clothing to the scattered residents of New Guinea. Consumer coupons will therefore be discontinued and coupons withdrawn from residents. Mail orders may be fulfilled by Australian traders in the same manner as outlined above for the island of Nauru.

Mr. A. N, A. Waddell, ADO In the BSIP, has been acting as Resident Commissioner since last October when Mr.

O. C. Noel left the Protectorate on six months’ leave.

Apply To Mr. Ward

If You Wish to Lecture Trainee Officers of the New Guinea Administration.

IN the House of Representatives in Canberra, on March 22, Mr. White asked the Minister for External Territories, Mr. Ward, upon notice: Will provision be made in the proposed school for the training of officers of the New Guinea service for the trainees to receive a proper presentation of the case of those pioneers of the Territories and others who believe that the Government’s policy of indentured labour and other matters may prove detrimental to the best interests of New Guinea and of the Commonwealth?

Mr. Ward replied: “The curriculum at the school will include lectures by competent persons on all phases of administration and activities in the Territories of Papua and New Guinea. Any person who wishes an opportunity to deliver a lecture to the students at the school could communicate with my Department, and the request would be considered.”

Capt. E. Harness, who has been acting- Harbourmaster for the port of Suva for some time, has now had his appointment confirmed. 31 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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Magazine Section

Territories Talk-Talk By "Tolala"

A READER, presumably interested in linguistics, writes inquiring anent my pen-name: “I know ‘To’ is the usual Blanche Bay prefix for ‘Mr.’ but the ‘lala’ has me stumped. It certainly wouldn’t have any connection with the edifices erected by Chic Sale’s Specialist, would it?”

None whatsoever, Mr. Inquirier.

“Totala” in the Buka dialect stands for “whiteman.” Its origin goes back to a day when the first sailing ship was sighted off Buka, and a native fisherman on the reef, seeing this huge something descending upon the island from out of the sea, shouted: “A tol a lana mayen!” (An island is coming here.) Whitemen were on board, and the first portion of the call was adopted to describe their white skins.

Incidentally, many Melanesian words for “whiteman” have an interesting origin, as naturally it is a word coined after their own language had been formed. The old Blanche Bay (New Britain) word was “parau,” similar to their old word meaning a large “ship.”

Go ’way up around Bena Bena and Mount Hagen, and there you will find that the natives will greet, and refer to any whiteman, with the word “Taylor”; resulting, of course, from Jim Taylor’s historic trip through that country in 1938-39. ♦ ♦ * “XTEW ordinances give them (native 11 labourers) wages of 15/- a month — formerly they received only 5/- ...”

Such is a renorted statement of Administrator J. K. Murray, which gives the reading public of Australia an entirely erroneous impression of the old labour system in the Territories. Not so long ago a check on over 700 contracts of service at Lae showed the average native’s wages to be 10/9 a month on old prewar contracts.

But the real point is this: The majority of natives don’t “make paper” for the monetary benefit they derive. They are out after adventure. “See the world and join the Navy” sort of thing.

The Sepik and Aitape lads wanted to see Rabaul or Wau; the New Britain “boys” to spend a year or so at Salamaua or Wewak. It was not the money but the lure of travel and new experiences. “Boys” grown old away from their home villages, usually had a very good reason for not returning: an irate husband, or an aggrieved uncle were probably waiting with a handy spear or native poison to drop in the prodigal’s lime-pot. ♦ ♦ * POOR old Pidgin-English made the headlines last month when Sydney papers commented on a suggested broadcast by the Government in Pidgin to New Guinea natives. (See “Tropicalities.”) As usual the imitation Pidgin was a mixture of Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Abo talk: “All-de-same time . . . Paper yabba ...”

In the social notes of another paper, the phrase: “Me You Wash” was interpreted as the wash-boy asking for the laundry! We might as well get down to something concrete like Basic English, than mess about in this fashion with the old Pidgin, which is gradually becoming more mutilated than ever.

TIIPSTERS for the Bureaucratic Stakes favour F. W. E'gglestone, lately back from Washington, DC, as a likely figure in future Pacific affairs. And it seems as though some new scheme is being cooked up for doing something with Island Territories. Anything is welcome, providing it means practical development, besides native welfare, with men who know something about local Island conditions. Sir Frederick is Pacific-conscious — if only on paper. • • • A LOT of ink is being spilled these days over Manus, and its eventual status in the Pacific set-up. The one thing I like about it is its geographical isolation from other parts of TNG.

Service personnel (Army, Navy or Air) of any country are not to be encouraged as contacts for Territory natives. Both wars have proved that. These men, here to-day and gone to-morrow, are not going to worry about the correct approach to natives. So Manus, the base, should be kept out-of-bounds for any other natives. • • • SEEMS as though Port Moresby and district-are taking a leaf out of Australia’s Book of Bad Times. Cyclonic weather, causing floods, and folk being rescued in boats from their water-logged homes is something unusual. Worst floods for 21 years or thereabouts are reported. And then on top of all that, the capital city has been short of meat, and fresh vegetables have been at a premium.

But all these vicissitudes do not deter the old-timers from returning In large lumps. * * • BIG BILL, over his lime-juice and water, one day thrust a newspaper clipping under my nose. It referred to “Battleground now echoes auction bids,” and stated that the jungles of Torokina are now growing over £2 million worth of equipment.

“Get a load of that,” he growled. “And my plantation’s down in Big Buka, and I can’t get permission to go there!” He showed me the usual courteous refusal from the usual Department handling permits.

Poor old Bill, and what a job for Intelligence he did behind the Jap lines, too! “That’s my so-and-so reward,” he added bitterly.

“No, you’re wrong,” I told him. “That is your E. Ward!”

But he didn’t appreciate the pun; and I don’t blame him. ♦ ♦ * AND once again that gallant band of v(*lunteers, units of which did so much in taking the brunt of the initial Jap attack in 1942. and in saving Australia from invasion—the NGVR —was conspicuous by its absence on Anzac Day parades in Australia. They are certainly the “Forgotten Men.” * * ♦ AN incident, indicative of military attitude, insofar as New Guinea is concerned, occurred last month, when a few Army larrikins in camp at Bathurst, awaiting transport to Japan for the Army of Occupation, were taken off the drafts.

Report said they would be sent to Rabaul. (Continued Next Page )

Sails Off Suva

Suva Yacht Club opened its season on February 17. it rained and squalled in Suva, but a large crowd reached Nukulau, a small island off the coast, where the weather is usually somewhat better behaved. Photo shows some of the yachts at the Nukulau anchorage. —Photo from Fiji Public Relations Office. 33 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

The Rev. Rodger Page, Mentor of a Pacific Queen FORTY years ago, as the result of missionary stupidities, and some violent quarrels between Church and State, the little country of Tonga was often held up to ridicule. Some people wrote books about the “comic opera kingdom,” which were not flattering.

To-day, Tonga is a highly-respected little State, in which all classes and especially the ruling class —behave with circumspection and dignity. Queen Salote, her late Consort (Tugi), and their son, the next ruler of Tonga, won the regard and esteem by all who met them, in peacetime, as well as during World War 11, when they allied themselves very staunchly and loyally with the British and Americans.

Much of the credit for all this goes to the Reverend Rodger Clarence George Page, who went to Tonga as a missionary 38 years ago, and who has been head of the Methodist Conference of Tonga since 1925. He is on the eve of retirement to the place where he was born —the Northern Rivers district of New South Wales —and it is fitting that tribute should be paid to his work.

He has been more than a missionary. Standing beside the old King and young Queen, he has been diplomat, statesman and guiding friend: and, with a kindly eye turned outwards over all the adjoining territories, he has learned a great deal about the Polynesians and near- Polynesians, and has given wise and helpful counsel in relation to all their problems. rjTWO men who caused X convulsions in .Tongan politics were Rev.

Shirley Baker (who made himself Premier, and a kind of dictator) and Rev. J. B. Watkin (who in doddering old age, was responsible for continued friction between Church and State) Both men went to Tonga as Wesleyan missionaries. Missionary arrogance in the middle ’eighties created an awkward situation, in that the Tongans resented the rule of overseas mission organisations. Shirley Baker, in 1885, capitalised that feeling, and created the Free Church of Tonga—a breakaway from the Wesleyan Church. Watkin was the leading Free Church figure after Baker was deported. His rule was benign, and he was still there when Rodger Page arrived in Nukualofa in 1908. But the feud between the old Church and the Free Church continued, and it affected many important family and political relationships.

It was fitting that this third outstanding Methodist missionary (they were “Methodists,” by now) should begin to undo the harm done by the earlier, misguided men. Gradually, Mr. Page’s kindliness and wisdom influenced both the Free Church and the young Queen Salote.

In 1925, it was agreed to unite the two Churches—Watkin and Page being their respective heads. But of the 18,000 who belonged to the Free Church, only 12,000 finally followed Salote into a union with the 4,000 people of the old Methodist Church. Watkin, at. the last moment, backed out of the plan, and continued with the Free Church of Tonga. He was very old, and obviously misguided, but 6,000 people followed him. This caused much bitter feeling at that time.

SINCE then,_ the Methodist Overseas Mission, through the Rev. Rodger Page, has exercised in Tongan affairs an influence which many other institutions have found irksome. But it has been generally a wise and good influence, and the relations between the ruling family and Mr. Page have been happy, and of benefit to the little kingdom.

The Free Church of Tonga is still in existence, but it is neither large nor powerful, and it has been weakened by another schism, from which has been created another small Church body. The Royal Family naturally hopes that all three Churches will be gathered in under the Methodist banner eventually, and the last memory of the unhappy differences of the 19th century wiped out.

The Rev. R. C. G. Page was one of a family which included eight boys, all of whom became men of outstanding character. The most notable is the surgeon, Dr. Earle Page, who entered Australian politics, and became a famous leader, and is now Sir Earle Page. The one best known in Melanesia was Major Harold Page, MC, DSO, who was Government Secretary and Deputy Administrator when the Japanese invaded New Guinea, and who was lost in Rabaul.

The Rev. Rodger Page will be greatly missed in Tonga. He married Miss Hannah Morrison in 1912, and has one son—now a resident of the Page family’s special district—Grafton, NSW.

The Rev. Rodger Page. (Continued from Page 33) Talk-Talk:

Strong Men Wept

(When This Island Girl Was Christened) schooner “Tahitienne,” after many vicissitudes, had arrived in Rarotonga. (See paragraph, news section, this issue.) She had weathe/ed a three-days' gale, wnich blew her off her course, out with her new owner, Mr. Dick Brown on board, she had completed the voyage without serious mishap.

Then the islanders decided that the “Tahitienne” should depart this life and, spiritually re-born and rechristened, begin afresh with a clean record. This is how William Bond tells the story.

A FEW days after making port the schooner was being loaded and prepared for her first trading voyage to the northern islands. Early in the morning a deputation came aooard to inform the owner that a large number of visitors were on their way to perform the “official” welcome ceremonies and help in rechristening the vessel.

Thanking the deputation for their kindly interest, Mr. Brown politely explained, however, that it was not possible to receive visitors on this occasion, there being confusion enough already with the loading of cargo and general preparations for departure. But, he said, he would be only too pleased to see them some other time.

Hardly were the words out of his mouth than a commotion began ashore.

A great horde of garlanded natives were seen approaching the wharf, with much singing, laughter and banging of drums, and bearing baskets of cooked foods.

Dick Brown’s eyes bulged as he grasped the rail, breathing heavily. “You can’t do this to me!” he gasped. “Stop them!

For heaven’s sake stop them!”

The spokesman smiled serenely. “YOU try to stoo them,” he said. “It’s more than we can do to stop that crowd!”

SO it came to pass that for the rest of that day, teeming humanity swarmed over the schooner from hold to mastheads—leis, roast pork, big drums and all. And, during these celebrations there occurred the most extraordinary—and to some residents, the most heart-rending—incidents ever witnessed in Rarotonga.

Each group of visitors had separately decided upon a new name for the schooner and each proceeded with song and speech-making to rechristen her, concluding with the breaking of a bottle of rum over the bows. As the precious elixir trickled down to mingle with the tide, “000-h’s” and Aaa-h’s” and stifled groans could be heard above the cheers, and watchers on the wharf wrung their hands while strangled, swallowing sounds issued from their tortured throats.

The master and crew faced the ordeal bravely; they forced sickly smiles at the (Continued on Page 40)

Building Programme In Spite Of War

Despite isolation, and post-war economic confusion, the French Government of French Oceania has proceeded with a vigorous programme of building. The top photograph shows the handsome new Customs building in Papeete. The top floor provides a meeting-place for the Representative Council; and the middle photograph shows the Council holding its first meeting in the new Chamber, under the presidency of the new Governor, M. Haumant. There is beautiful cabinet-work in this room, carried out in the famous Tou wood. The bottom picture shows the new school for Chinese children.

It is symbolic of China’s conquest of Tahiti that the building has been erected on the site of the former residence of the honoured Mons. Cardella, who was Mayor of a french-Polynesian Papeete, nearly one hundred years ago. The symbol of Chinese sovereignty, at the centre of the roof, strengthens that impression. —Photos by Fred. Simpson. 35

TRANS PACIFIC How the Air Sers are to be run RESIDENTS of Territories of the South-west Pacific are to have three varieties of modern magic carpet in the near future. The air-age, of which lyrical journalists have sung for four years past, is practically with us.

Not. only will it be possible to board a ’plane in Fiji for San Francisco, Honolulu, Canton Island, Noumea, Auckland or Sydney, but you will be able to choose the airline company you happen to fancy. You will be able to pat-; ronise private enterprise or Government control: and to deliberate between going American, Canadian or British-Australasian.

Or you will, ultimately. Judging by the number of frustrated travellers who have been panting for six war-years to get on the move again, you will be glad enough, in the initial stages, to take the first ’plane that comes along!

Our illustrations (photographs were supplie by Whites Aviation of Auckland and Austra lian National Airways Pty., Ltd.) show th type of aircraft that is immediately available and also those super strato-cruisers which wl carry you in luxury away up above the laye of bumps and currents which can make air travel an agony. Those strato-cruisers are jus around the corner of 1946.

INDICATIONS are (early May) that afte months of travail, BCPA (British Common wealth Pacific Airlines) will bring forth i] June an “interim” trans-Pacific service operate by Australian National Airways Pty., Ltd under 12 months’ contract, and that Pa: American Airways will re-establish thei Pacific service at the same time.

Canadian Airlines’ plans are indefinite, bu they are expected to start a service with ; terminal point in Vancouver at some later date If the BCPA (which is another way of sayini the Socialistic Governments of Great Britair Australia and New Zealand) had been hatch ing, unaided, a new kind of atomic bomb, the; could not have surrounded the whole projec of trans-Pacific air-transportation with greate mystery. At this writing—with the Australia] Minister for Air, Mr. Drakeford, complete witl Mrs. Drakeford and Miss Drakeford, wingini his way across the Pacific on what ever; interested person knows is ANA’s last surve; flight before the real service commences ii June—the whole plan is still as clear as mud.

No official statement, naming ANA as thi accepted contractor for the service, has beei made. It can only be assumed that it is agon; for the Commonwealth Government to havi to break down sufficiently to confess that 1 has had to patronise private enterprise in thi fashion. ANA has the only ’planes capable o: running the service; and, if the Australiai High Court had not put a spoke in the wheel doubtless they would have been “nationalised’ long ago and have been run by BPCA itself No doubt also Mr. Drakeford in his owr good time will make the usual Ministeria I-dun-it speech from Canberra; but, in the meantime, Australia —which with the rest oJ the South-west Pacific, really is vitally interested in the whole question of trans-Pacific air services—has been told, in effect, to attend to its knitting.

These Socialistic Governments simply cannot get out of their wartime habits. Theii attitude always is: “Hush, hush —the enemy listens!” Only, nowadays, the enemy is a greedy, big-eared and stony-hearted capitalist rE only factor that will place the SW Pacific close to the centre of the world’s economic gravity is air transport. And, this being so, the man in the street is not interested in words —millions of which have PAA Skymaster in Auckland in April.

Mr. Harold Gatty and Chief-Pilot G. E. Maxwell of PAA.

The 14-seat lounge on lower deck of Strat ocruiser. 36

Pacific Islands

n spun on the subject of Pacific airways in last four years—but in facts.

'.e wants to know how soon he can hop a ne to San Francisco; how soon a letter ch now takes weeks to reach America will carried by air. In the final analysis, the pose of trans-Pacific air services is to serve public. If such a service does not do this, n it is worthless. i March, with a blare of trumpets heraldit as the most shattering event in New land aviation, an Empire conference on 1 aviation was held in Wellington to discuss ific air services. ritain, Canada, Fiji, Australia and New land were represented—so were Tasman pire Airways and Qantas. No invitation sent to Australian National Airways ing a purely private company); but ANA e there in a way that has New Zealand ition circles chuckling yet. ays “Whites Aviation”: While a cocktail party coloured the tagid of the Empire Civil Aviation Conference i Wellington—everyone patting everybody Ise on the back—somebody threw a playful ;one into the placid millpond of civil air •ansport in NZ. His aim was neat. The pples haven’t subsided yet. His name was fan Holyman; big, bluff and brilliant janaging director of Australian National irways. Some people might have said he as gate-crashing; a large number said, Good luck to him.”

He flew low over Wellington in a big DC4, aunting his house flag over the distinguished inference gathering. It looked very much ke private enterprise taking a poke at State mtrol, but it was done with verve and [ficiency. * 'r. Holyman had many interesting things say during his unscheduled goodwill visit ;he Dominion (the Skymaster, incidentally, the trip from Sydney to Auckland, with passengers and a crew of 7, in 6 hours 40 utes). One was that he would like to fide a daily two-way Tasman service— ring Sydney at 6 a.m. and being back there L 0 p.m., at a cost of £25 each way. t present the only trans-Tasman service is by Tasman Empire Airways. There is ling wrong with the TEA service; it is Portable, efficient and the best way, to date, crossing the unruly Tasman. But it costs much. i Australia, one may fly from Sydney to bourne for £6. On this mileage basis, the from Sydney to Auckland should be veen £lB and £2O. At present it costs £3O; although there is a waiting list of about at each end, the fare still can be conred excessive.

PAN AMERICAN AIRWAYS have been busy reorganising their service since early 1945. It was originally intended to commence operations last November but conferences about reciprocal landing agreements and passengerrate conferences with the British air authorities have caused delays. It is likely that the PAA service will begin in June, at about the same time as BCPA.

Mr. Harold Gatty, Regional Manager of PAA, has taken up residence at his headquarters in Suva, Fiji. A final approving flight between San Francisco and Auckland was made in April, in a Skymaster plane and, in anticipation of an early resumption, hundreds of intending passengers are besieging the offices of New Zealand travel agencies. (Continued Next Page ) ANA Skymaster “Amana” over Melbourne. (Japt. F. T. Patterson, ANA's Chief-Pilot.

Drawing of DC-7 (Stratocruiser) PAA has 2G on order. 37 NS FIC s are to be run H L Y MAY, 1946

The "Planes The modern tendency is to swing away from seaplanes, even for long ocean flights. The somewhat doubtful safety lactor of the flying-boat in a forced landing at sea, is outweighed by the advantages of the large land ’planes now being manufactured. Before the war, Pan- American used giant flying-boats for their Pacific service, but they planned to re-establish the service with Lockheed Constellations—the only “above the weather” ’plane at present available.

However, it is likely that they will, initially at any rate, be using DC4s (Skymasters); then Constellations (which carry from 40 to 60 passengers in a pressurised cabin); and, finally, DC7’s— Strato-cruisers capable of carrying 100 people at any altitude between 8,000 and 30,000 feet.

PAA have 26 Strato-cruisers on order, at a cost of a million and a half dollars each. It was expected that these would be in service in the Pacific by mid-1946, but it will now be the end of the year, at least, before they are available.

THE ’plane plans of BCPA are, of course, shrouded in an official smoke-cloud. For the first 12 months the service will be run by ANA with Skymasters.

Whether ANA’s contract will be renewed after that time, and whether British or American ’planes will be used, is something about which no one can even hazard a guess at the present time.

ROUTES to be flown have not yet been announced. PAA’s final approving flight in April was by way of Honolulu,. Palmyra, Canton Island, Fiji, New Caledonia, and Norfolk Island to New Zealand. On the return trio they called at Fiji, Canton Island and Honolulu.

ANA’S survey flight from Australia on May 3 was by way of Fiji, Canton Island and Honolulu, to San Francisco. It is believed that ANA will run three round trips fortnightly, Sydney to San Francisco. and one round trio fortnightly, San Francisco to Auckland. tropicalities yy EW GUINEA natives are to hear Motuan and Pidgin news-broadcasts over former Army stations. When this was announced in March, the Sydney (i Daily Telegraph ” published the following as an editorial. The Pidgin is peculiar; but the sentiments are sound.

Like other official broadcasts, these news sessions will doubtless be devoted to ministerial statements.

As head of the Information Department, Mr. Calwell will be a prominent contributor.

This is one message the natives are sure to hear pretty often:— “All de same-time youfela tunim wireless, hearim Big Boss Calwell tellim Guvman truth longa free peoples bilong world.

“Yu mas chuckimout all newspaper.

“Paper yabba e no gud. E callim mefela rattabag.

“Mefela no rattabag, mefela gud plenty too much. Mefela Big Boss Calwell, plenty strong, plenty bigshot, yu askim udefela Kiap, Eddie Ward.

“Eddie Ward e givim yu railway, poker mashin, foundation-stone, escalator, aliasame King’s Cross.

“Eddie Ward luvim boong. Mefela luvim boong no mass readin paper yabba, yubet.

“Supos yu findim paper yabba longa place belong yu, yu chuckimout hariap.

“Cursim newspaper! Cursim paper yabba, mi word!” • ♦ ♦ EVEN a tidal wave does some good.

Rumour has it that the backwash of the North Pacific marine disturbance which reached Western Samoa on April 1 (reported elsewhere this issue), washed many of the village privies far out to sea.

Visitors to the Territory have long lamented those eyesores that are a feature of the Savai’i and Upolu landscape, which is otherwise very beautiful. In theory, such an edifice, stuck at the end of a long jetty and out over the tidal water, has its points. But, built of driftwood and bits of tin, and located above low water mark, as they often are in Samoa, they have served little useful purpose, anyway. * * * APROPOS the Tropicality in March “PIM,” regarding cigarettes packed in peanut tins, and the authorities’ view that it was the work of a “gang” in Suva: In my opinion the authorities are barking up the wrong tree. In the days of the American occupation of Fiji, there was a period—evidently coinciding with a crisis in the tinplate market back in the States—when American cigarettes, sealed in tins still bearing the brand of a well-known variety of American peanuts, were on sale to troops over the Post Exchange counters. These, in the natural way of such things found their way into the hands of local civilians as well, and it seems more than likely that the cigarettes about which the Sydney customs men are getting hot under the collar are a hangover from this period. —MAC P. • * * LIFE among the natives of some of these Pacific Islands is not as simple and free from complications as many people believe.

Take the case of Aisea, for instance.

He gave a portion of his bushland to some other Rotumans to plant food, on the understanding that he was to receive some of the crop.

In due course, the food matured and baskets of yams and taro were presented to Aisea.

That should have been the close of the incident. But custom decreed that Aisea must give a feast to the people who had paid their rent. To this end, Aisea spent the rest of the day fishing, while the food-bringers lolled at home, waiting to be fed! ♦ ♦ ♦ THERE was once a European resident of Rotuma who persisted in shooting pigeons when the season was closed. In season and out, he continued, until finally he was approached by a delegation of Rotuman chiefs who complained that very soon there would be no pigeons left.

And the culprit replied glibly: “But, you see, I shoot the male birds only.”

Naively, the delegation believed this astonishing statement, and retired, with profuse apologies.—AMEL. * * * JUST a year ago (May 13, 1945) a US bomber crashed into a “hidden valley” in Dutch New Guinea. Twentyone of its passengers were killed; three, including a WAG corporal, Margaret Hastings, survived. The valley, which was called “Shangri-La” and featured in articles all over the world, subsequently proved to be the Grand Valley visited by the Archbold expedition in 1938.

The real story of the crash and the survivors’ life in the valley, before they were rescued by a glider (which was towed into the valley and then snatched up on a tow-line trailed from a plane) has been written by Margaret Hastings, in collaboration with Inez Robb. It differs substantially from the newspaper accounts; but it has drama and humour, and is shorn of the high-coloured exaggeration we have learnt to expect. Probably such an adventure does not warrant exaggeration even in America. The story, called “Crash in Shangri-La,” is condensed in the March issue of “Reader’s Digest.”

Margaret describes their meeting with the allegedly superior, lost tribe of natives who lived in the valley, and of whom US pilots, flying over the valley, had already Drought back tall tales: ALL the things we had heard about them were suddenly very clear and ominous: They were seven feet tall, they were canmoals, they practised human sacrifice, they were fierce warriors. And we were armed with one pocketknife!

“There’s nothing we can do but act friendly,” said McCollom. 'He ordered us to nold out our only food, the hard Cctnay, aaamg nis jack-Knife to the pitiful gifts. “Stand up,” he barked, “and smile! ”

Black heads began to pop out from behind trees. We smiled. We smiled for our lives.

There were about 100 men with wickedlooking stone axes over their shoulders.

The chief led the way. Our smiles by this time had the fixity of granite.

About 15 feet from us the natives stopped and clustered round. The chief was talking 60 to the second. And then his ugly face crumpled into a beaming smile. It was reprieve. It was life.

The chief stepped up to McCollom and held out his hand. McCollom, weak with relief, grabbed it and wrung it. The smiles had done it.

“How are you? Nice to see you,”

McCollom kept saying, over and over.

“Here! Meet Corporal Hastings and Sergeant Decker.”

We suddenly realised that the natives were more afraid of us than we of them.

Far from being seven feet tall, they averaged around 5s feet. And certainly they didn’t look very fierce. * * * rXES became due in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands on April 1. The whole 415 tons of it!

By proclamation in February, the Acting Resident Commissioner “under Section 2 (a) of the Landowners’ Taxation Ordinance, 1923,” deemed it just that a tax of 360 tons of copra should be imposed on the landowners of the Gilbert Islands (with the exception of those in the islands of Butaritari, Tarawa and Abemama—that is, those affected by war); and that a tax of 55 tons of copra should be imposed on landowners in the Ellice Islands (with the exception of those in the islands of Manumea, Nukufetau and Funafuti).

The proclamation, issued in the WPHC “Gazette,” ends on the archaic note: “Whereof let all men take notice and govern themselves accordingly.” 38 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY Trans Pacific (Continued from Page 37)

Short Story:

Foreigners Are Funny Folk

By Judy Tudor WHEN I entered the store I had to look twice before I saw the trader.

He was sitting on a canvas chair in one corner, his knees supporting his elbows and his hands supporting his head. A portable typewriter stood on its edge on the floor nearby, its keys a-jangle. The black leather lid was several feet away.

“Charlie,” I yelled, “what’s wrong?”

Charlie raised his head and gingerly touched a lump the size of an egg just above his left eyebrow. “This. Svenson threw the damned thing at me.” He kicked the typewriter viciously. “Gotta do something about it.” Still holding his head, he got up and lumbered off to rummage through a cupboard.

After a while we located some iodine and, to a running commentary of profanity, I delicately painted Charlie’s bump a deep orange-brown.

Charlie poured himself a glass of whisky and lit his pipe before he eased his large bulk back into the canvas chair.

“Very violent, Swedes, when they get roused,” he reflected.

“But what roused him? I know Svenson. He’s a quiet old cuss.”

“Not so quiet, as I say, when roused.

Though I suppose it was my own fault.”

He took a gulp at the spirits and a pull at the pipe. “You know that old Svenson was shipwrecked on the New Britain coast way back in the German days?

All the rest of the schooner’s crew were lost. He was only a lad at the time, and, being stranded there like, and no chance of rescue that he could see, he took up with the natives. Must have liked his blonde hair; anyhow they didn’t knock him off, as they had a habit of doing in those days.

“Apparently they had never taught Svenson to read or write back in Sweden, and because it was no use to him here, he soon forgot how to speak Swedish, too.

He learned to speak a Pidgin English of sorts and that’s all he speaks to this day. And he still can’t write.

“About a month ago I bought that typewriter from a chap who blew in from Kavieng. Leastways, he owed me £lO and I said I’d take the typewriter instead, always having had a fancy for one of the things. I’d had it about a week and was getting on fine with the typing when Svenson looked in. He’d never seen one in action before.

“ ‘lt’s a machine-belong-write,’ I told him. His blue eyes bugged out and he wanted to know how it worked. I rolled a piece of paper into it and sat down and banged the keys: ‘This fella machine-belong-write ’e number one too much,’ I said as I tapped it out. Then I rolled the paper out and showed it to Svenson. He was amazed. ‘You talk along machine—you work this fella (he banged the keys) and he write all the same? Eh?’

“ ‘That’s right,’ I said.

“ ‘How much?’ said Svenson.

“Well, I didn’t want to sell it, but finally he offered me £l5 for it and a man’s got to live, so I let him have it. He wrapped it up carefully and took it off, still yelling his thanks. I thought he was in for a bit of trouble, but that wasn’t my affair. Besides, he - wouldn’t take ‘no’ for an answer.

“He had always had bother with his orders and so forth, because he couldn’t write. He had either to go get his stores himself or make one of his boys memorise them —and you know how good boys are at that. Well, it seems that he thought that now he had this wonderful machine-belong-write all his difficulties were over and all he had to do was to sit down and bang the keys and talk to it and it turned out perfect messages.

“He got the machine to his plantation and tried it out and was highly satisfied with it because, of course, he couldn’t read what he had written.' Then came order-day, and he sat down to list his month’s stores for the Big Firm in Rabaul.

“He put a piece of paper in, and then said something like this: “ ‘Two case tinned meat.’ Then he’d bang away at the keyboard.

“‘One ton rice.’ More banging; and so on, until he had filled up a page. Then he put it in an envelope, gave it to his boss-boy, and sent him off by launch to Rabaul.

“The boss-boy got to Rabaul all right, and gave the letter to the manager of the store, but it didn’t mean a thing to the manager. There were just long lines of ws£g&jhl)!, etc., and nothing that looked like tons of rice or cases of meat.

“The manager and the boy had a long conversation. The boy insisted that he had come to get the ‘cargo belong Master Yen and that it was all written down on the ‘pass.’ But finally he was persuaded to go back and tell Svenson that the manager couldn’t read it and didn’t know what to send.

“The boy got back to Svenson’s plantation about dusk the next day. When he found that there were no stores, Svenson was ropable and when he learned that it was because the manager had failed to understand his letter he simply saw red. Next morning he set out for Rabaul himself and when he got there bowled straight into the manager’s office. ‘Why you no send cargo?’ he demanded. ‘You no savvy pass? You no savvy machine-belong-write?’

“They got to grips before they straightened it all out and by that time Svenson was well and truly disillusioned.

When he got over that he began to get mad again. He was still mad when he got here.

“I tried to explain but he wouldn’t listen. Just kept yelling out the whole story of the manager and the letter and waving his arms and bouncing the typewriter un and down on the counter, so’s I couldn’t get a word in edgeways.

“Finally he yelled ‘Yumning Yimminy!’ and I saw the whole works come sailing towards me. I woke up over there in the corner just before you came in.”

Charlie drained the last of his whisky.

“Yeah, violent, those Swedes. Not like us. You don’t know how to take them— foreigners!”

Tropical Moon, Island Lagoon—But

NO GUITAR By Edwin Gold HOLLYWOOD, aided and abetted by various gramophone companies, would have us believe that the South Sea Island hula girl always came complete with a wailing steel guitar, or a thrumming ukulele. But ’tis not so.

Although the Polynesian takes readily to these instruments, he must have initial instruction from a European.

On some of the outer Cook Islands, where Europeans are few, and money even scarcer, the natives still shape their own musical taste, do their own composing, and manufacture out of local material the means of expression.

Most important instrument is, heaven help us, the drum!

There are at least six varieties of drum, all made of wood, and having a note like the lower tones of the xylophone. They are of the simplest form — just hollowed logs of varying lengths, having a deep slot cut in them. The wood is smooth and highly polished with coconut-oil; and the longer the log, the deeper the note.

In action, a sort of tune is played upon the smallest drums (“pate”), which are held in the hand, and there is, in all this primitive banging and clattering, a definite pattern of rhythm.

The mezzo (“pao”) and base drums supply any form of accompaniment, from march to waltz-time.

If a reader can imagine a brass band that lacks all its cornetists, but is complete in the “oom-pah” department, essaying to perform a programme regardless, and leaving the solo melody to the audience’s imagination, he will get some idea of the effect of the genuine South Sea native music on a European.

LESS noisy and capable of rendering music comparatively pleasing to a white man’s ear (if the European aforesaid is a great lover of the Jew’s harp) is the instrument our Polynesians at Mangaia Island call the “Ko’e.” This is simply a length of narrow bamboo, with a piece of wire stretched along it and tightened by a wooden bridge.

The player holds one end of the hollow bamboo tube clenched tightly between his teeth, and taps the stretched wire with a piece of hardwood the size of a pencil. As in the case of Jew’s harps, the cavity of the performer’s mouth and throat form the notes.

At first, only a jarring and jangling are heard (these form the “carrier-wave,” in wireless parlance, on which the melody floats). Soon, however, amid the janglings can be heard a real tune —faint, but musical, and definitely a tune. Some local Europeans aver that it sounds like a Jew’s harp played in a bird cage factory, but that’s purely a matter of opinion. Personally, I can listen to a “ko’e” concert all day; but 10 minutes of the drums is much more than enough for any non-Polynesian ear!

The only other truly native musical instrument here is the lowly “ka’ara” — just three inches of palm leaf, held to the teeth (again, a la Jew’s harp!) and its central spine used as a “tongue,” to “twang”—with dubiously harmonious (Continued Next Page) Mangaian Orchestra. 39 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

barbaric sacrifices being made in their honour, by these benighted people.

THE climax to the whole moving drama came when the Manihiki Islanders took the stage for their turn. The shark-skin drums roared into action as the masters and mistresses of the hula waggled their knees and shimmied and shook. Their headman outspoke the other spokesmen.

“This is a great day for Manihiki!” he shouted. “I feel so happy I could put mv foot right through that blankv drum!”

He strode proudly forward bearing aloft —a bottle of rum in EACH hand! He leaned over the bow and swung a mightv left, right, at the stem as he shouted, “I name you ‘Vaine Manihiki’!”

The sailors closed their eyes, dug their finger-nails into their horny palms, and sagged at the knees. Dick Brown rocked on his heels and reached out for solid support. Thus was the former schooner “Tahitienne” rechristened—while strong men wept with silent emotion.

AT the end of an unforgettable day the schooner set sail from the holy waters of Avarua Harbour, to once more fill her hold with pearl-shell and copra among the northern atolls.

Proudly she bears her new names— among them such romantic ones as “Vaine Manihiki” (Manihiki Girl) and “Taku Vaine Akaperepere” (My Loving Girl). results. As the coloured gentleman said, I don’t like it, even when it’s good!

THESE simple—and costless —things are the true music of Polynesia. But the sweetest strain of all is the great conch horns that are blown at 4 am. from the village tea shops to tell us that Mangaia’s bread is ready.

Captain V. C, Gabriel received his discharge from ANGAU in April, and expects to return immediately to Papua.

He will go to Samarai as manager of the Burns Philp establishment there. He was second in charge at Samarai when the Japs invaded four years ago. The whole of the business section of Samarai was destroyed, and the stores, etc., will have to be entirely rebuilt.

From Buckingham Palace to Pitcairn Island Mrs. Myrtle L. Ward, of the SDA Mission, Tells How She Received Some Unusual Letters DURING the years 1938 to 1944, when we were stationed on Pitcairn Island, mail was of great importance to us.

It was seven weeks from the time we left Sydney until we received our first letters from home, and we thought that was a long time. But later, we entered the Pacific war period and we were to have no mail for seven months; and at another period none for fourteen months!

After the seven months mail famine there was compensation in the fact that we received a bag of 300 letters. Three hundred letters just for ourselves! That was in June, 1941.

Immediately afterwards we entered the 14-months drought, but during that long period we comforted ourselves with calculations as to how many letters we would ultimately receive after the long break. Surely, we anticipated, there would be nearly 1,000! We would need a barrow to get them home from the post office.

Imagine our feelings, on the fateful day, when we received only five letters.

That mystery was cleared up two years later, when, after writing to Sydney, Wellington, Panama, and Suva, we learned that our accumulated mail had been taken through the Panama Canal, and had been sunk in the Atlantic.

BUT, to be appreciated, we should have been seen trving to read all of those 300 letters at once in June, 1941.

We would look over several dozens to see from whom they had come. We would open a few feeling that we just must see what “so and so” had written. And here was a letter from Midge—we had to read hers. “Oh, and here’s one from dear old Lil, and one from Alice!” Excited exclamations followed one another.

We were part way through one letter when, noticing quite an ordinary-looking letter, I shouted excitedly, “Oh. look here! See what I have found!” There was the Royal Coat of Arms, and the date stamp showed that it had come from Buckingham Palace! For the moment other mail was laid aside, for this letter demanded immediate attention.

BACK in October the new Pitcairn stamps had been issued. Until the 15th of that month New Zealand stamps had been used. Pitcairn Island having been only an agency for the New Zealand postal administration. Now we had a set of eight beautiful stamps picturing incidents of island history (the “Bounty” mutiny) and features of local scenery and produce. Thinking how the Princesses would love to have a set of these stamps sent direct from the island, we had prepared special covers and had written Their Royal Highnesses an accompanying letter.

Now we had actually received a reply telling of their arrival in England. Her Majesty the Queen expressed appreciation of the letter and the First Day Covers.

The Lady-in-Waiting wrote:— BUCKINGHAM PALACE, January 25, 1941.

Dear Mrs. Ward, — Your letter of October 15th has just arrived, and I am commanded by the Queen to thank you most warmly on behalf of the Princesses. The beautiful new stamps have been a great thrill: no one had seen them, and they are so impressive—so gay, which is good for the times!

The Princesses are delighted with the most interesting soap-seed tree and “Hattie Flower” leaves; altogether your letter and all of its contents have given enormous pleasure.

On this grey and rather foggy day it is good to be reminded again of our brothers and sisters who are serving God and the Empire overseas. I hope that this letter will reach you safely, and find you well, and that by the time it does reach you, yet further steps towards victory and peace will have been made.

I am, yours sincerely, (Signed) DELIA PEEL, Lady-in-Waiting.

THE “soap-seed tree and ‘Hattie Flower’ ” leaves referred to are leaves which are skeletonised and handpainted by the Pitcairn Islanders.

Later, we thought it would be interesting for the Princesses to have some small souvenirs into which was built some timber which was part of the organ that their great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria, had sent the Islanders about 100 years ago. There was but little of the organ left, as it had fallen to pieces, through the years.

In having the souvenirs prepared, it finally came about that we had something for each member of the Royal Family. We had an exciting time preparing and wrapping the several pieces and writing the letters which went in the same mail—a letter to the King, one to the Queen and another to the Princesses, as well as one to the Lady-in-Waiting who had written to me.

About five months later we were thrilled to receive a registered letter from the King’s Private Secretary expressing the thanks of the Royal Family;— BUCKINGHAM PALACE, July 28, 1943.

Dear Madam, — The King and Queen have received with much pleasure the souvenirs of Pitcairn Island that you have so kindly sent for their acceptance. They desire me to thank you sincerely for them and for the good wishes contained in your letter which Their Majesties much appreciated.

The King and Queen were greatly interested to read the details that you give regarding the wood from which these mementoes are made.

I am also to thank you for the nresents that you have sent to Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret, Their Royal Highnesses were verv pleased indeed with them.

Yours truly, (Signed) A. LASCELLES.

By the same mail we received the following letter from the Lady-in-Waiting to the Queen: — BUCKINGHAM PALACE, July 18, 1943.

Dear Mrs. Ward, — Your letter of May 16th, for which many thanks, has arrived with amazing speed, compared to mine of January, 1941. . . .

I have put your letter before the Queen who has read it with great interest, and desires me to tell you how much Her Majesty appreciates your kind and loyal expressions and that Her Majesty thinks of you with great admiration, doing your work in your far-away part of the Empire, and sends many very good wishes.

It must be hard to keep up such a spirit as you so gallantly do when mails are not forthcoming to supply the outward and visible links with home, and the Queen hopes that you are helped by the radio.

I am to enclose some little photographs and to thank you for the most interesting curios, which Her Majesty is graciously pleased to accept. . . .

It is to be hoped that this letter will be less dilatory in reaching you than my last.

With all good wishes, I am yours sincerely* 3 (Signed) DELIA PEEL, Lady-in-Waiting.

CAN it be wondered that I value these letters and the gracious interest of Her Majesty in our affairs and conditions on Pitcairn Island! May God continue to bless our beloved King and Queen and all the Royal Family. 40 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY STRONG MEN WEPT (Continued from Page 35)

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When Cakobau Was Crowned

WORKS on the early history of Fiji - contain many references to the socalled “King” Cakobau, or Tui Viti; and the era of the Fijian monarch, a few years before the Fiji Group was ceded to Queen Victoria, forms the subject matter of many of the books which to-day are only too scarce, and rarely to be found outside a good reference library. HoWever, it is the era itself that is generally dealt with, and the fact that there was an actual formal coronation ceremony for the king in those far-off days may not be generally known.

It was in 1867 that Cakobau was crowned at Bau—or, rather, crowned himself, for that somewhat despotic monarch placed the crown on his own noble brow, there being no Archbishop to officiate.

The tiny island of Bau might almost be said to be the cradle of Fijian history, and as the ancestral home of the king it was fitting that it, rather than the then centre of civilisation, Levuka, should be the scene of the coronation.

One of the few eye-witness accounts of the ceremony was written by Charles Churchill in an English magazine in 1870, and he describes the ceremony with a wealth of detail.

THE coronation took place on Bau in the Wesleyan church, which was specially furbished for the occasion.

There was a platform at one end, and at the back of this was draped a large piece of tapa cloth, the floor of the dais and a large part of the church being covered with many fine mats, the product of Fiji. Rotuma and Tonga.

There were simple furnishings on the dais —a table and a large armchair, the latter covered with the national flag of Bau—white, blue and red horizontally, with a sun rising out of the blue ground and a crown in the upper corner. On the table was the crown which had been prepared for the occasion, a Bible and a sword.

The ceremony was largely attended by both white residents and native chiefs, who had come from many parts to do homage to Cakobau. The white people sat on the left of the platform and

By R. C. Macpherson

representative chiefs on the opposite side, whilst the king-designate sat on the edge of the paltform.

THERE was a deep hush in the church as the resident Wesleyan missionary, the Rev. F. Tait, rose and offered a prayer after the lengthy constitution “granted by Ebenezer Cakobau with the consent of the chiefs and people in council assembled” was read.

A hymn, the reading of a lesson and a short sermon followed and then came the real part of the ceremony.

The aged chief, Ratu Marika Toroca, read the following address: “We, as representatives of the chiefs and people of this kingdom, now in the sight of Almiehty God, in the name of the people of this realm, and with their love and prayers, do lay at your feet this token of the sovereignty of this country. May God save your Majesty.”

AS Ratu Marika finished, Roko Tui Namata advanced to the king, bearing before him the crown. As he laid it at the great chief’s feet, he said: “Sire, from the crown of my head to the soles of my feet, I affirm all that Ratu Marika has just said.”

Another chief followed with a short address, and he in turn was followed bv Roko Tui Dreketi, with the sword of State and emblem of justice, which was also laid at the king’s feet.

Next came the Bible, borne by Ratu Cakobau. 41 Pacific islands monthly may, 1946

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Penjamini Yaku and Ratu Meli Rokonagata, who laid the Bible in the king’s hands. j m Cakobau’s address followed, and it is well worth quoting in full, for, like the addresses of the other chiefs, it had obviously been well prepared for the occasion by an educated European—one is inclined to suspect, the missionary. The kir~ said:— “My chiefs, my people, my white friends —I say friends because the time was when I did not look upon you as such, but that time is past. I feel that I, this day, speak in the presence of Almighty God. I feel that through the instrumentality of His Almighty Providence, my country is rising out of the darkness into the light of civilisation.

I love my people, I love my country. My earnest wish and prayer is for the happiness of my people and the prosperity and advancement of my country. May we become a great country and may we so live that we may all become subjects of Christ’s blessed kingdom above.

“The constitution and laws read to you this day will be good for you and will materially aid in our advancement and prosperity. I thank our white friends who have so kindly aided in their preparation.”

Then kneeling before the assembly, Cakobau said: “The sovereignty of this country conferred upon me with the love of my people, j.’ accept, and I solemnly and sincerely declare my determination in the presence of Almighty God and with His assistance, to maintain the constitution of this country whole and inviolate, and to govern in conformity thereto.”

STILL kneeling, the king took the crown in his hands and placed it on his head. Then rising with the sword in his right hand and the Bible in his left, he ascended the armchair doing service as a throne, and took his seat.

A salute of 21 guns followed and the national fla<~ was hoisted. During the five minutes it took to fire the salute no one spoke and no one moved, says the chronicler, but “all continued to look upon Cakobau the First as he sat there, the very image of a Christian king, well clothed, - still with the sword and Bible in his hands and the crown upon his head.” rE writer goes on to comment on the contrast between the Cakobau of that day and the Cakobau of 15 years previously, when he was “one of the most bloodthirsty of men, delighting only in cruelty and the grossest of cannibal ♦ crimes.”

Now he sat within 10 paces of his former cannibal ovens, respected and honoured by a goodly number of intelligent English and American subjects, “which could not fail to strike the minds of those present as an instance of the power of Christianity and civilisation rarely paralleled in the history of the world.”

Immediately after the coronation ceremony, Mr. St. Julian, the Secretary of State, took an oath of fidelity to the king and the chiefs took the oath of allegiance. A prayer by the missionary and three cheers closed the ceremony.

When the crowd left the buildings the Europeans and half-castes formed a line on one side of the path, and natives on the other, and as the king walked between them the Europeans formed in procession and followed him to his house.

Thus was Cakobau crowned king of Fiji, and thus he entered on the era that was to provide him with many cares of State—cares that were overcome only with the cession of the islands to the British Crown, seven years later.

CAKOBAU died in 1883, and rests today in the little graveyard on the hillside of Bau. The simple monument over the crave overlooks the scene of his coronation.

Studying the account of the ceremony and the language in which the speeches of the king and chiefs were couched, one cannot but wonder if those who prepared them for the speakers, so lately removed from barbarism, did it in all seriousness and did not see the almost grotesque humour in the courtly language they put in the mouths of the Fijians—language more suited to Westminster Abbey than lately-converted Bau, with the blood of countless cannibal orgies scarce dry upon the killing stones within a few yards of the church.

Territories' Labour

PROBLEMS From a Special Correspondent IT is surprising how quickly men, whom all hold in high esteem will make use of political trickery like side-stepping issues and dragging red-herrings across trails, when they get into a political atmosphere.

PANGA’S (which, of course, means Papua and New Guinea Administration), Administrator J. K. Murray’s latest reported utterances place the blame for native labour shortage in the Territory on “huge stocks of US dollars and Australian pounds accumulated by natives during war.” No mention is made of Government action in cancelling contracts.

He is also reported to have said that, formerly, native labourers received 5/- a month. Where? Not in Papua, where the minimum was 10/-; and only a very few newly-indentured “monkeys” in TNG at 5/-. A check of contracts of service of 700 labourers in Lae in 1945 showed average monthly wage was 10/9.

A correspondent, now in Rabaul, tells me Matupi Islanders—perhaps the richest natives in TNG with their Savings Bank accounts —are eager to take on their old washing jobs again in the town. Admittedly, the native is “holding well”; but of what use is money these days in the New Guinea jungle with nowhere to spend it? You can’t eat dollar bills, or even ten-bob notes! Trade stores (the exploiter trader again!) are non-existent.

Anyway, with plantations crying out for labour, why not engage some of the 80,000 (or whatever the number may be) of Japs, Formosans and Koreans in and around Rabaul on the job? Most of the plantation damage was caused by them.

Mr. J. M. Clift joined the mission yacht “Southern Cross” in Brisbane late in March, and sailed on March 28 for Guadalcanal, BSI, to inspect his plantation thare. It was in the middle of some of the worst fighting in 1942, and suffered more than most places. From his home near Miles, in Queensland, he had been trying for months to get a passage to the Solomons, and was delighted when the Melanesian Mission courteously offered him transportation. 42 MAY. 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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RESOURCEFULNESS!

Cook Islands Medical Service Calls For More Than Mere Medical Skill.

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, March 30.

SERIOUS outbreaks of illness in the Cook Islands during March called for resourcefulness on the part of the medical staff.

While a few cases diagnosed as meningitis were being treated in Rarotonga, radio messages from Mauke reported that an outbreak of contagious eye disease had occurred there after the visit of the phosphate steamer which returned workmen from Makatea.

From the description the disease was diagnosed as Trachoma, and advice for treatment was given.

A later radio message from Mauke stated that medicines were finished and further supplies were urgently required.

As this is still the hurricane season, no vessel was available and it was eventually decided to divert the mail plane which dropped a parcel of medical supplies.

RADIO messages were received from Atiu also, requesting assistance for a number of cases which appeared to be meningitis. Dr. T. Davis considered these reports to be sufficiently serious to warrant an effort to contact the island by any possible means.

The only craft available was a towing launch belonging to the Union SS Co., and it was decided to use this. There was no lack of willing helpers and in 28 hours of continuous work the launch was made reasonablv safe for the voyage. Mr.

R. Powell’s skill as a shipwright and ocean-wanderer was called upon and he was ably assisted by Mr. J. Pratt—another ex-ocean-yachtsman—Mr. R. Anderson of the USS Co., and others.

Dr. Davis, himself a yachtsman, worked with them. Engineers overhauled the 35 h.p. diesel, while experts installed radio equipment. The Rarotonga Sailing Club supplied masts and sails and the launch was quickly converted into an auxiliary ketch as the engine was not too reliable for a long trip. A round-up of navigation instruments was made and stores taken aboard.

The crew for the trip were: R. Anderson, captain; J. Pratt, navigator; F.

Story, engineer; L. Wohler, assistant engineer; M. Lee, radio operator. Dr, Davis was listed as assistant navigator. T.

Williams, NMP, went as assistant medical officer.

A large crowd gathered on March 23, to watch the departure of the launch on the 116 miles passage to Atiu. The boat had to punch into a stiff head wind and choppy seas, and during the three days and nights they were at sea the crew, continually wet from the flying spray, had a rough time tossing around in the open cockpit. The only cover was a small cabin protecting the engine, but this was a place to be avoided. Everyone’s sympathy was with the radio operator who had to attend his instruments in the engine-room to make contact with Raroonga every two hours.

Atiu was reached at 8 p.m. on March 26.

It was pitch dark, but Dr. Davis and Williams, together with their medical equipment, were transferred to a surfboat and safely landed over the reef. The medical officers went straight to the hospital and two cases were confirmed as suffering from cerebro sninal meningitis Sleep was further denied to the doctors when they were renuired to attend to eases iniured in a recent motor accident The following morning they attended a crowded out-patients’ clinic.

While the doctors were •• ashore the launch was forced to stav at sea as there is no anchorage or shelter at Atiu.

The launch left Atiu at 1.30 p.m. on March 25, and arrived back in Rarotonga about noon the following day. Dr. Davis returned to Rarotonga leaving Williams in charge at Atiu. The return passage was slightly less uncomfortable with the wind and sea following instead of headon.

Father Harris

Missionory Hero of 1942 A SYDNEY columnist has paid a tribute to Father Harris, who met an untimely fate at the hands of the Japs, along the South Coast of New Britain, in 1942. The writer describes how Father Harris assisted the AIF and NGVR personnel to escape to the mainland of New Guinea after Rabaul had fallen.

But he failed to relate how, after the Father had refused to accompany the soldiers, a number of them decided to overpower the missionary and take him forcibly on to a small boat. The Father, hearing of this plot, gathered the boys together and made his appeal to remain.

Being a lawyer before he took his vows, his pleading succeeded, and he was left to face the Japs.

Native reports state that the invaders captured him, knew of his assistance to the troops, took him aboard a destroyer, and there he was decapitated, and his body thrown overboard.

The name of Father Harris should go down in history as one who regarded duty more than his own life.

G.T. 43 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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W. SAMOA From Our Own Correspondent APIA, April 5.

OFFICIAL trade figures, just issued, show that 1945 was an all-time record vear for Western Samoa’s exports and total trade.

Export values for produce in 1945 reached the peak figure of £631,546. or about £lOO,OOO higher than the next best year. 1919. when exports were valued at £532.500 owing to extraordinarily high copra prices ruling at the end of World War I.

Total trade in 1945 (exports and imports) amounted to well over £1,000.000 ('detailed statistics have not been finalised vet).

The following are details of 1945 exports:— The Rev. and Mrs. Doege and their two children from the NG Lutheran Mission, who were imprisoned by the Jananese, were rescued in Manilla and have now returned home.

Has Australian Govt.

Any Pacific Policy?

From Our Own Correspondent CANBERRA, Mar. 26.

DURING a statement by the Minister for External Affairs (Dr. Evatt) today, Mr. Spender interjected that he could not find out what the Labour Government’s policy was in the Pacific.

Minister for Information (Mr. Calwell); “You wouldn’t understand it, anyway.”

Replying to Mr. Spender, Dr. Evatt said: “Our policy is to prevent in the future any repetition of the disaster that came to Australia in 1942 through lack of policy. That policy is co-operation with other powers in the South-west Pacific area. We want to co-operate with the United Kingdom Government, New Zealand and other countries interested in this area. Negotiations are now continuing with these countries.”

Earlier in his reply, Dr. Evatt said it would be the duty of both the Government and Parliament to prevent any recurrence of the tragic days of 1942.

Whatever the United Nations Organisation might do it would be essential to guard the security of the South-west Pacific, and in its defence there must be the closest co-operation with Australia’s peace-loving Pacific neighbours, especially the United States.

Dr. Evatt said it would be undesirable to deal with the question of Pacific bases piecemeal. It was necessary to consider overall defence arrangements for the Western Pacific, including the islands formerly mandated to Japan.

He said: “Australia is going to make no arrangements for the use of Manus as a base until there is some understanding as to how it would be used in the event of a disturbance in the Southwest Pacific.”

Who Were the Cannibals of Little Tahiti?

Recent Discovery of Gruesome Relics From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, March 14.

SOME digging operations early in March in the district of Afaahiti on Tai’ arapu (Little Tahiti), uncovered some ancient ahimaa (old style native stone ovens> in which were human skeletons of both adults and children.

This discovery has led some of our antiquarians to the hasty conclusion that the old Tahitians were cannibals.

This writer is persuaded that it proves nothing of the sort.

If, indeed, these remains are relics of a cannibal feast (and there are sound reasons for doubt), the evidence points rather to raiders from abroad than to the Tahitians themselves.

Two ahimaa have been uncovered: a large one. where the skeletons were found, and a smaller oven—evidently intended to cook the vegetable food looted by the raiders from neighbouring plantations.

The fact that the human skeletons were lying about, and not in, the ahimaa. indicates that the oven was in the state of preparation when the cannibal raiders from Anaa were driven away—probably by a superior force summoned from Tautira on Tai’arapu, and from the nearest Teva districts on Greater Tahiti. Afaahiti is within the dominions of the Teva Clan, as part of Teva-i-Tai.

Unconsumed fragments among the ashes prove that the firewood in the ahimaa was aito from ironwood trees.

This offers further evidence that the oven was kindled by raiders from abroad.

On Tahiti, the iron-wood and Miro (rose-wood) were sacred trees; planted about the marae, the temples of the gods.

The wood of the Aito was never used as fuel; but was fashioned into images of the gods and weapons of war. The word “Aito” in Tahitian, signifies, also, a valiant warrior; inspired and aided by the gods. There is evidence that, when the Anaa raiders had been expelled, the Teva chiefs commanded the place to be covered with earth, and imposed a strict Tapu on the site. mHE probable date of this cannibal raid, X has not been determined. The inhabitants of the Tuamotu atolls were, undoubtedly, eaters of human flesh.

The first, and not distant, landfall in the Tuamotu Archipelago to the east of Tahiti is the large atoll Anaa. In the good old days, the inhabitants of Anaa were mighty warriors, hardy mariners, reputed to possess a hearty appetite for “long pig.” In their quest for this provender, they became the scourge of the atoll archipelago.

It is logical to suppose, they did not neglect Tahiti. Afaahiti—a narrow coastal terrain on the north-east part of Tai' arapu and remote from the more peopled districts of Greater Tahiti—was the most vulnerable section of Tahiti for a raid from Anaa.

In this particular instance, one may presume that the raiders had time to slay their victims, and to prepare and cover their ovens in the usual manner; but were driven off before they could partake of their horrid feast.

All legend, tradition and history, bear testimony that the Polynesians of the Society Archipelago were never cannibals. 44 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Euronesian Children Must

Attend Native Schools In

COOK IS.

Letter to the Editor rE English spoken in the schools of this island bears a close resemblance to the “coon dialect” of vaudeville minstrels.

All Mangaian children, native, halfcaste or white, must attend school. Thus, we have the paradox of a Euronesian child, who hears correct English at home, being compelled, at the school, to mispronounce words, elide “r’s” and certain other letters, and talk like a negro, for the reason that the teachers (natives) have adopted this debased style!

Examples are: “Wash yo’ hands."

“Shut yo’ eyes.” “The childun come to school at ha’-pas’-seven.”

Then again, such words as “buy” and “sell” are interchanged in meaning.

These are but a few of the faults. The main error is that there is not, and never has been, a European to teach the teachers!

The inculcation of good “style” (which means also good taste) has been long neglected. Native taste is execrable because it is totally unguided.

Although there have been Resident Agents who were also certificated NZ teachers, I have never seen any such official take any real personal interest in the Central School. The work was left to underlings.

Meanwhile, my child goes to school to learn the lovely language of Uncle Rastus, Stepin Fetchit, and Messrs.

Moran and Mack.

I am, etc., EDWIN GOLD.

Mangaia, C. 1., January, 1946.

Bits of History COME interesting historical notes from Mr. F. S. Whitcombe, of Levuka, Fiji :

Mariner’S “Tonga"

Your correspondent, Mr. Davidson, is perfectly correct—Mariner was not the sole survivor of the “Port-au-Prince." The book, “Tonga,” was written for William Mariner by Dr. Martin. There were two editions —one in 1809 and one in 1818.

The book used to be called the Tongan Bible, because so many of the leading Tongans traced their forebears through it.

Crocodiles In Fiji

The crocodile that landed in Motusa, Rotuma, was 6 ft. 4 in. in length, and it arrived in that place in 1914.

Links With Rls

You reported in “PIM" that another link with Robert Louis Stevenson had passed away in Tahiti. There are still two links here in Fiji—myself, and Abdul, Stevenson’s old cook. Abdul is living with his son, an Indian schoolmaster, at Ba. The old chap is blind, but he still can converse interestingly about the old days.

Tonga’S First King

I knew well George Tubou, the first king of Tonga. I also knew Taufaahau, afterwards Tubou ll—he was a good friend of mine.

Little Ship Out Of Auckland

The first time I went to Tonga was in 1890, as a member of the crew of a new 50-ton schooner built by Niccol, of Devonport, Auckland, for George Finau, Governor of Vavau. She was called the “Koe Pamu-o-le-Utukalugalu." There is a name for you!

The topsail schooner “Clansman” was built alongside her; and the Government steamer “Clyde," for Fiji, was being built by Logan in a shed across the road.

There was a crew of three on the “Pamu”—myself, a Loyalty Islander called Semesi, and a Tongan half-caste, Vuni Bloomfield. Captain Sopwith was in charge, and there was a mate, Captain Dan, and a cook.

The “Pamu” carried double topmasts and eight sails—two jibs, stay-sail, foresail, mainsail, topmast stay-sail, and main and fore gaff topsails—a beautiful picture—a bit different from the puffing, smelling tea-pots you see getting around nowadays. We reached Vavau 11 days out from Auckland.

CUTHBRT'S MISIMA MINE, LTD.

IN their report for the year ending December 31, 1945, the directors of Cuthbert’s Misima Mine, Ltd., state that they have not yet been given permission to resume mining operations in Papua, During the year maintenance was carried on at the mine by a limited labour force at a cost of £5,148. This sum will be included in the company’s final war damage claim.

Other expenses were covered by income from Bonds and taxation refunds.

A net profit of £ll2 was recorded and carried forward, increasing the profit and loss credit balance to £18,245.

Major problems facing the company at present are transport difficulties, restricted supplies of essential materials, and delay by the Federal Government in issuing the new Native Labour Regulations. 45 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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No News Of The Procters

SINCE 1940 From Our Own Correspondent MANGAIA, January.

BRAZIL and Mangaia Island are very far apart; but in a suburb of Rio de Janeiro lives Mr. Charles Flinders Procter, a former local trader, who retired in 1931, with his Mangaian wife and Euronesian family of three —two of whom were born in Rio.

Since the Pacific war, no news has been heard of the veteran and his young wife, though local friends wrote many times.

In his last letter, dated 1940, Mr. Procter criticised the Brazilian mail system, and also mentioned that a revolution had been attempted by political firebrands, beginning with an attack upon the President, who narrowly escaped assassination.

No more letters followed. It is to be hoped that Mr. Procter himself has not become a victim of revolutionary violence.

As a British subject, he should have been fairly safe. But the long, unbroken silence from Rio is causing anxiety here.

Caledonians are complaining against being held-up in Sydney, Australia, at the termination of the usual three months’ leave period. They say that the delay is not caused by the Australian Government, but by their own Administration which is supposed to grant them an authorisation to return to their own country. The cost of passport visas issued in Noumea and on their wishing to return to the Colony has also been considerably increased of late.

Papua'S Only White-Man Outlaw

The Evil Career of Joe O'Brien, 40 Years Ago

Written For “Pim” By D. H. Osborne

JOE O’BRIEN was the only white man to be outlawed in Papua. Here is a description of the man as I knew him about 40 years ago.

He was about 30 years of age, six feet tall, well-built, rather handsome, and neither drank, smoked nor gambled. He was clean in his habits, and dressed tidily; but he had a quick, cruel temper and a low conceit that was his downfall.

He was detested by white women. He used to rush into the company of women, make some foolish remark, be snubbed, lose his temper and speak offensively.

I first met him in Queensland, when he was abusing an old ferryman, Joe had crossed in the ferry a couple of times without paying, and wished to cross again, but was refused passage.

When we met on the Gira, in Northeastern Papua, he pretended he did not know me.

O’Brien and several others had camped within a few yards of the Whitten store, in tents. The storekeeper lived in a loft over the store and he used to take the cash-box up and sleep with it under his pillow. One night, he left the cash-box on the counter while he drank a cup of cocoa in the kitchen, just off the store.

When he returned the cash-box was missing and no one knew who had taken it. O’Brien’s subsequent conversation and actions suggested that he was the culprit.

He worked about the field for several months, without a mate. At that time, natives were not allowed to work in the claims.

When news of a new find was reported on the lower Aikora, O’Brien set off on his own, took the wrong track and followed Pish Creek instead of Clunas Creek, and was bushed for days. After that he left the field and remained in Queensland for several years.

WHEN O’Brien returned, he brought a mate from Sydney who was deaf and dumb. He was a boxing man, and was supposed to be training O’Brien to be a world-champion boxer. But when someone, writing on a slate, asked Dummy what were O’Brien’s chances, he wrote down, “Hopeless—lacks guts.”

After a short stay in Samarai, Dummy returned to Queensland, and O’Brien went back to the Gira, mining again. On the field, O’Brien said he and Dummy had left Sydney with the intention of robbing the Samarai stores. Dummy was a safe-breaker, and considered the safes there would be easy.

But when he saw Samarai, he abandoned the plan. No get-away, he said.

O’Brien started mining with a team of natives and then joined Mat Crowe and Bill Ivory on a prospecting trip on the Waria. The party broke up without finding payable gold.

Crowe and Ivory returned to the Gira, and O’Brien went into German New Guinea, and worked for wages for a time. When he returned to Tamata, he had little to say about the Germans, more than that they were no good. Afterwards, there was a report that he had committed a criminal offence there, and had been allowed to leave the country with a warning not to return. He commenced mining on the Gira again, and was very hard on the natives who worked with him.

He became convinced that everyone was afraid of him and he could do as he wished. He often threatened to punch white men and shoot storekeepers.

Bill Whitten threw six bottles into Tamata Creek. With a six-shooter he broke the six bottles in six shots, and said, “Let O’Brien come along!”

The only time I heard of O’Brien being in a fight was in Samarai, one night.

Only one round was fought before the fight was stopped.

FROM the Gira, O’Brien went to the Aikora (Elliott’s Creek). The mountain natives used to bring vegetables to the miners. The men would go first, and the women follow with the loads.

O’Brien posted his natives along the side of the track, and they caught a young woman, whom he kept captive for the night. There were rumours that she was murdered by her own people, afterwards.

After that, while O’Brien remained in the locality, not a native was seen by the white men. A few hours after O’Brien moved away, the mountain natives were back again, dealing as friendlv as ever.

O’Brien moved a few miles down the Aikora and pitched his camp on a high bank, overlooking a deep nool in the river. The river floods almost every night.

A native working for Jim Wallace deserted. O’Brien’s boys caught him and 46 MAY, 194 6 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Berger’s Paint KEEPS KEEP \\ tied him up. O’Brien sent a note to Wallace saying that his boy was there and he could come along and get him.

Wallace replied that it was too late at night, but he would go down in the morning and get him.

Jim and Bill Coleman were brothers, and working apart. Bill intended leaving the country, and going to Sydney.

During that day, he had been to Jim’s camp, and had exchanged gold for 37 sovereigns. Then he left the sovereigns in his camp, and went to work in his claim. When he returned to his camp, he had been robbed—the sovereigns were gone.

During that night, O’Brien sent his boys away, knocked Wallace’s boy on the head with a tomahawk, and threw his body into the river. It was surmised that O’Brien had found the sovereigns on the boy.

In the morning, he sent a note to Wallace to say that the boy had escaped.

He told several men, later, that he had killed the boy, but he did not mention the sovereigns.

Coleman regarded the loss of his sovereigns as luck, because it delayed his departure, and he got a good patch of gold shortly afterwards. /nk’BRIEN returned again to the Gira, V/ and went partners with Bill Ivory.

When they dissolved partnership, they divided 260 ounces of gold.

O’Brien was then over £lOO in debt to each store, and his credit was stopped.

Bill Hancock threatened to lay a charge of murder against him if he did not square up. That did not bother Joe.

He went overland to the Yodda and on the road he was mixed up in more rape and murder trouble. He worked on the Yodda a short time, and then he returned to Tamata.

He arrived during the forenoon, stayed an hour or so, walked to the Gira River (about 20 miles from Tamata), travelled by canoe down the river and along the coast towards the Kumusi mouth, then walked along the coast to the Kumusi. rE Whitten store native arrived from Bogi with mails, and a parcel of gold. Two white men were passengers for Samarai, At that time, all stores for the Yodda were transported up the Kumusi River to Bogi, 62 miles up the river. Snags in the river damaged many propellers, so the launches had been taken off, and natives did the work with whale-boats.

A Samarai boy, in charge of the boat, would pick up a crew along the river.

The native in charge of the gold put the box in the store, and locked the store doot. O’Brien asked for the key, and the boy gave it to him. The native’s evidence showed that O’Brien kept the key for some time. He went up the river alone in a canoe a short distance, and then returned. It is estimated that he stole and hid the gold. The parcel contained 300 ounces, part belonging to Whitten Brothers, and part to Rotchfort, and Whitten was responsible for the loss.

The gold was not missed until the launch “Bulldog” arrived from Samarai, a couple of days later. When the master received the mail, the gold was missing.

O’Brien travelled up the Kumusi to Bogi by canoe. He abused and threatened Ernie Oats, who was in charge of Whitten Bros.’ store.

Oates then said: “I have this waiting for you, Joe,” and presented a revolver.

“It will bring you down —small though I am.” Oates was about 7 stone, with a withered leg.

O’BRIEN then went to the Yodda, and commenced work in one of the creeks. then was Warden and RM in charge of the Division.

Captain Griffen was ARM—a military man from the Boer War. Dr. Bellamy was a medical student from England.

Bellamy was sent to arrest O’Brien. He had heard of O’Brien’s boast of shooting on sight, and he took a squad of armed native police. He left the police out of sight, while he went to O’Brien, holding the warrant in his hand.

“I have come to arrest you, O’Brien,” he said.

O’Brien snatched the warrant nnd threw ft on the m-ound He disced 2n it andthreatened anGovernment offl cials Government cm- .

B , el i sat d ?wn. and > OBnen c °?i ed off ’ said: ‘ A * e y° u coming on wd;h me> or do 1 have t° use force?”

O’Brien said: “Will you make me a promise that you will not allow the black bastards of police to lay hand on me? 47 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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If you wish to put irons on me, do it yourself.”

Bellamy promised, and O’Brien went quietly to the Government station at Perpangi, on the Kumusi River.

Griffen sentenced O’Brien to a month’s hard labour, on a trivial offence, while they sought more evidence of O’Brien’s movements on the Kumusi.

He then was charged with murder, rape and stealing, and was held in gaol. One day, Griffen sent O’Brien out to cut grass, with a 14-inch knife, and set a native warder to guard him. The warder was armed with a rifle, a bayonet and three rounds of ammunition.

O’Brien awaited the opportunity and stunned the warder, took his rifle and ammunition, and cleared off to the Yodda.

AT the Yodda, O’Brien went to his camp, took a few articles and his Winchester rifle, and walked to Rotchfort’s camp, where Rotchfort gave him some ammunition. In the scuffle with the warder, he had got a nasty wound in the arm, and it was looking angry, so Rotchfort dressed the arm.

O’Brien then disappeared into the bush and was not seen again.

Griffen declared O’Brien an outlaw, and sent warnings to every camp, notifying each man of the penalties of assisting the criminal in any way.

Only one old Irishman sympathised with him. Paddy Finegan said: “Joe is no good, but his name is O’Brien —and we must respect the name.”

Needless to say, while the miners did not agree with natives being ill-treated, all were against a white man being set N work with a native guard over him.

No one would have objected to O’Brien helping himself from any camp.

Patrols were sent out on all roads along w:. \h a man could escape, but not a trace of O’Brien was found.

There were rumours that he escaped via Yule Island to German New Guinea; others that he was seen in Brisbane and in Malaya, O’Brien had a fair parcel of gold— he was a good worker and fairly lucky— but he had not paid any storekeepers.

The storekeepers knew they had the power to prevent anyone leaving the Territory while owing a debt—which probably was the reason why he was allowed so much freedom.

Untimely End To Brilliant

CAREER Death of Sister M. Cleary, of Fiji FOLLOWING an operation some days previously, Sister Margaret Cleary, tutor-sister at the Nurses’ Training School, in Suva, Fiji, died in the Colonial Memorial Hospital on April 5.

Miss Cleary was the daughter of the late Mr. and Mrs. John Cleary, of Fiji, and was born in the Colony. She trained at the Memorial Hospital in Suva and in 1936 she became a sister. In 1938 she took charge of the Fijian Infant Welfare scheme at Tailevu and at the end of that year, left for the United States with a Rockefeller Scholarship. She returned to Fiii in 1940 to inaugurate the Central Nursing School.

Miss Cleary is survived by two brothers: Mr. Vincent Cleary, of Rhodesia, and Mr. Joseph Cleary, of Ba. Fiji.

A third brother Mr. Basil Cleary, was dispenser at the Tarawa Central Hospital. He voluntarily remained behind to perform work of national importance after the general evacuation of the Gilberts, and was murdered by the Japanese in October, 1942.

War Dance And

UTOI Rotumans Welcome Bishop Foley By “AMEL”

EARLY in February, Bishop V, F. Foley, S.M., arrived at Rotuma in the vessel “Kurimarau,” which was en route to the Gilberts.

The Bishop’s visit —his first to Rotuma —had been long anticipated by his people on the island, and he was given a joyous welcome. There were concerts by tne children of both Sumi and Upu schools, and included in one of the many functions given in his honour were the Rotuman war-dance, which is performed only on special occasions, and the ceremony of the “utoi,” which is accorded only to notable persons.

Actually, the war-dance is of Wallis Island origin, but the Rotumans have adopted it as their own, and they execute it with verve and skill. All the performers are men, and they present a gay, if somewhat un warrior like, picture in their strange garb—dainty skirts of many hues, garlands of leaves and flowers, tall, feathered hats, and anklets of dried beans whose syncopated rattle mingles with the staccato beat of the drum, the leader’s commands and the rhythmic thud of many feet.

There is always an odd man out. He wears a decrepit costume and provides the comic relief throughout the dance.

He drops his club at the wrong moment, or gives it an amateurish twirl and smacks himself on the back of the head, or spits on his hands and makes a wild swipe at nothing, sending the crowd into fits of laughter. rE “utoi” ceremony, following on the is like sinking from crescendo to pianissimo. The Rotumans give, to the “utoi,” the reverence that Fijians have for their kava.

This large brown root, resembling a very whiskery yam, and akin to the Fijian “gai” root, is brought before the gathering only after much preparation.

The required number of roots are dug up carefully in the presence of all the people of the village. The participants wear banana leaves, and the minimum of clothing. An oven is then prepared, large enough to accommodate all the “utoi,” which are cooked therein for 12 hours, and left undisturbed for a further four days.

Before the gathering of people, the master of the ceremony, grave of mien and his brow and waist draped with “utoi” leaves, sits astride the “foa” and gently grates the flesh of young coconuts.

It drops into a wooden bowl, and he adds coconut juice. His assistants, conversing in whispers, tear strips from the fibrous “utoi,” which are squeezed through the first mixture.

When the process is complete, the “utoi” is served out in half-coconut shells, with a piece of the root, which may be chewed like sugar-cane. It is perhaps the most delicious dish Rotuma has to offer. Rich brown in colour, its flavour is a satisfying combination of caramel, coffee and liquorice. 48 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Much "Help" For New Guinea Natives

Sharp Comparison With Australia's Treatment of Europeans From Our Own Correspondent CANBERRA, April 8.

GOVERNMENT plans for native welfare in New Guinea and Papua were announced to-day by the Prime Minister (Mr. Chifley).

One plan provides for training of natives under 25, who are members of native regiments, the native constabulary, or were carriers or other labourers employed by the Allied Forces. Where requirements cannot be met from these groups, consideration will be given to members of native villages seriously affected by the war.

The decision to launch the re-establishment training scheme was made to-day by Federal Cabinet, after Cabinet receiving a report by a sub-Commlttee comprising the Ministers of Post-war Reconstruction (Mr. Dedman), External Territories (Mr. Ward), and the Prime Minister, who had consulted with the Administrator of New Guinea-Papua (Colonel J. K. Murray).

Natives to be granted re-establishment training will have to be recommended by a Committee consisting of the Administrator, and an officer of the Department of Post-war Reconstruction.

Recommendations for training will first have to be made to this Committee by district officers.

Other Cabinet decisions were:— GRANTS TO VILLAGES: Grants to aid natives restore production will be made by the Australian Government, where villages have been destroyed or adversely affected by the war. Grants will also be made in appropriate cases to individual natives. They will be limited to £4O for individual natives, or £2 a head for villages. District officers will recommend payment for grants after conferring with village chiefs or councils. Applications will have to be approved by both Colonel Murray and a representative of the Department of Post-war Reconstruction before grants are made.

TRADE STORES: Private traders are being given provisional licences, subject to control of prices and quality of goods.

Stocks are being sought from the Disposals Commission, and from Australia.

So far, adequate shipping is lacking, but additional vessels are being sought.

PIDGIN BROADCASTS: Cabinet will consider a plan to use service radio transmitters to broadcast special sessions for natives. The plan will recommend provision of a special staff to conduct the native sessions. The broadcasts would be made in Motu, Pidgin and English. The Government will be asked to make available to natives receiving-sets suitable for tropical conditions.

Mr. Ward believes radio receiving-sets could be hired or sold to natives through trade stores.

It is understood that, so that natives may take full advantage of the proposed Pidgin service, whole villages will be encouraged to purchase community radio sets, and many old Arm}' radios are likely to be offered cheaply to them.

MARKETING OF ISLAND PRO- DUCTS: Cabinet favours an extension of the present tariff preferences to all products of the Territories. Because Ministers are not sure what results this would bring about, it has asked the Department of Trade and Customs to prepare a detailed submission showing possible effects of further tariff preferences.

Cabinet decided to-day that a detailed marketing scheme for native products from the Territories would be authorised and carried out. Consideration would be given to the possibilities of bulk purchase of native products.

Cabinet decided that the Administration would arrange first priority for crops of which Australia makes large imports, and second priority for crops for which there is a reasonably long-term market prospect.

REBUILDING; Colonel Murray will be authorised to take over sawmilling equipment from the Disposals Commission to assist natives in preparing timber for their buildings.

This means that many sawmilling centres established in Papua and the Territory and used extensively by the Army during the Pacific war may be taken over wholesale by the Administration to speed up civil rebuilding.

Cabinet also gave the Administrator power to purchase, for sale to the natives, cement for piles, and other building materials not locally available.

REPLACEMENT OF LIVESTOCK: Funds will be made available for purchases by the Administration during the current financial year to replace the livestock population. Similar provision will also be made for 1946-47.

SHIPPING: Negotiations are well advanced between the Government and private shipping companies for a provisional scheme of operation of shipping services for the Government by shipping companies. The future of the inter-island services will be determined later.

ROADS: Road maintenance and construction will generally be the responsibility of the Administration, which will submit detailed proposals regarding existing roads and the construction of new roads required for development.

PORTERAGE: Funds will be made available immediately for the purchase of 100 mules and 50 horses, and saddlers and farriers’ equipment.

Editorial Note

rjIHE preoccupation of Department and X Administration with native welfare, to the exclusion of most European interests in the Territories, is one of the most remarkable angles of the Wardist set-up in Papua and New Guinea.

Mr. Ward evidently started off with the conviction that the natives had been exploited and downtrodden by the pre-war Europeans in both Territories, and that they have suffered great hardships, and their village life disrupted, as the result of World War 11. Thenceforward, his policy—and the policy he has apparently forced upon the Provisional Administration—was to succour and pamper the natives, while ignoring the greedy and selfish Europeans.

As a result, we get the above statement, reported exactly as it was made to our representative in Canberra. It is excellent, insofar as it gives evidence of Australia’s determination to care for the natives; but, as an outline of Australia’s rehabilitation policy in her Territories, it makes a very poor show.

In Papua and New Guinea, when the Japs invaded, there were 6,000 Europeans and 2,000 Chinese. Their towns were broken up, their homes and all their means of earning a livelihood were destroyed, they were scattered far and wide, hundreds of them were killed Except for the happy accident that compensation is payable to them out of the War Damage Commission—for which the Australian Government can take no credit —all these people are economically ruined. Hundreds of them fought with distinction in the Australian Forces. In comparison with the natives, they suffered far greater losses, both personal and economic.

Yet it is a notorious fact that, ever since Mr. Ward became Minister, the Europeans have been ignored, rebuffed 49 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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and humiliated, while the External Territories Department has gone to really extraordinary lengths to assist the natives. The foregoing report from Canberra is a good example of it.

Permits have been issued to the members of the New Guinea mission staff to return to the Rooke-Siassi Islands at an early date. Missionaries A. P. H. Freund, Con Eckermann and Keith Nagel will sail on the new mission schooner and take with them the necessary equipment to rehabilitate the mission. It is pleasing to note that the native teachers carried on the work during the Japanese occupation of the Islands.

G. Heaton Nicholls Was In

PAPUA 'MR- STANLEY GREENLAND, formerly of the Papuan Public Service, Hcls written the following interesting note : PAST and present officers of the Papuan Civil Service will be interested to know that their erstwhile brother-officer, the Hon. G. Heaton Nicholas, is the present High Commissioner in London for the Union of South Africa.

Only the very grey-beards of the late Sir Hubert Murray’s command will remember Nicholls, and I fear there are but few of us who survive from those long-past years—l recall H. L. Murray, H. W. Champion, E. C. Harris, A. P.

Lyons, and L. L. Bell—though I trust there are others whose names escape me.

I do not remember when Mr. Nicholls joined the Service, but I know that he had preceded me as Magistrate in charge of the Mambare Division, in 1912; at the end of which year, or early in 1913, he decided to leave us and return to South Africa—a decision which led him to the high office he occupies to-day.

Nicholls played a leading part in the cultural life of Port Moresby while he was there. I believe I am right in saying that he directed the first play produced in Papua—“David Copperfield”— on an improvised stage erected in the barrack square at Konedobu. Sir Hubert Murray (then Mr. Justice Murray) and the authoress, Miss Beatrice Grimshaw, were among those present. We, who were contemporary with Nicholls in Service life, will rejoice at the eminence he has achieved, though it may not surprise us. I am sure that to a man we give him our warmest congratulations.

Tahiti Sends Oil To

Starving France

PAPEETE, March 14.

AS always, this distant colony of France is loyally assisting the Mother Country. All copra in French Oceania is now destined for despatch to France, where vegetable oils are in desperate request.

Copra is being accumulated in Papeete to await despatch by a ship, now en route from France.

News From N. Caledonia On board the “Sagittaire,” due to reach Noumea about the middle of May, are 300 Tahitians and Caledonians belonging to the Bataillon du Pacifique. The “Sagittaire” will be the first French ship to call at French Pacific Islands since 1940.

Thefts from Noumea docks these days are numerous. The head of the Customs Department complains that there is insufficient staff and that the pre-war system of control will have to be reestablished.

A stir has been caused at Noumea by the request, placed before the Consul- General, by an American Army dentist seeking authorisation to practice in New Caledonia on demobilisation. The move would be welcomed by the population, but unfortunately the Colony has a law refusing dentists who have not a French diploma the right to practice. The law, of course—though it has a counterpart in the Australian law —excludes New Caledonian students from studying to be dentists in Australia.

Drunkenness among natives in New .Caledonia increased during the war, but measures are now being taken to bring the matter under control. Recently, five natives were each fined 1,155 francs for being tight, and others are due to appear before a Court. These fines are much heavier than formerly.

New Caledonian Governor Tallec stated recently that the French and Dutch Administrations are taking measures to repatriate the New Caledonian Javanese workers to the NEI as soon as shipping is available.

In New Caledonia, the property of about 1,000 enemy subjects—German, Italian, and Japanese—of a value totalling many million francs, was placed under sequestration. The winding-up of the exenemy concerns is now contemplated.

Another result of the war in New Caledonia has been an increase in gambling. Those caught in future are liable to a term of from a fortnight to three months’ imprisonment and a fine of from 100 to 2,000 francs. Keepers of gaming houses will get from six months to two years in the calaboose and may have to pay up to 6,000 francs fine.

An American merchant ship from Manila recently put ashore at Noumea a Javanese sailor belonging to the Royal Dutch Navy who had stowed away in Dutch New Guinea. He hid for three days in one of the ship’s boats.

After being closed since 1941, trocas fishing opened around the New Caledonian coasts in April, with such excellent prospects that 600 boats are taking part in the fishing, compared with 236 in 1939.

Caledonians would like to see Australia buy the harvest —it used to go to Japan.

Unique in New Caledonia —perhaps in the Pacific —is the recent marriage of three members of one family on the same day. Those of the family involved were Monsieur G. Eon’s two daughters, Ginette and Gisele, and his son, Norbert.

The ceremonies took place at Noumea Cathedral on March 30. 50 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Pacific Islands Society

Visitors from the Islands to Sydney (or thooe interested In Islands affairs), are advised to communicate with the honorary secretary of the above Society, which has been formed to study the history, traditions, economics, and political developments of the Pacific Islands.

Regular monthly meetings are held at History House, 8 Young Street, Sydney.

Address for Correspondence: THE PACIFIC ISLANDS SOCIETY, Box 2434 MM., G.P.0., Sydney.

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SARAWAK "White Rajah" Cedes to Britain, But Heir Apparent Fights It SARAWAK, romantic kingdom situated in north-west Borneo, east of Singapore, has been ceded to Britain as a Crown Colony, and the “White Rajah,”

Sir Charles Vyner Brooke, is to retire from power. Britain is to pay £100,000,000 as compensation for the cession.

The transfer of Sarawak, ruled by the Brookes since 1842, when the first “White Rajah,” Sir James Brooke, had it ceded to him by the Sultan of Brunei, was announced in the House of Commons in February, 1946.

SIR, CHARLES BROOKE, his wife and three daughters are to get £2,000 a year, tax free, and other relatives will also be paid.

Sir Charles, in a message to the 500,000 people of Sarawak, said; “The happiness of your future lies with another realm.

There shall be no Rajah of Sarawak after me.”

The cession to Britain is opposed by Sir Charles’ nephew, Mr. Anthony Brooke, who led the provisional Government which Sir Charles dismissed last November after it had failed to agree with plans made by Whitehall.

Mr. Anthony Brooke was appointed Rajah Muda (heir apparent) in March, 1939, but was deprived of this title by Sir Charles nine months later, Mr. Brooke said in February: “The rights of the Sarawak people are not for sale. Whatever they say about me, nothing will prevent Anthony Brooke, Esq., from returning to Sarawak.

“TT is for the British Government and X the Rajah of Sarawak to convince the world that this transaction amounts to anything better than crude « imperialism.

“Whatever the Rajah or the British Government may say, sovereignty resides in the people of Sarawak. I shall personally oppose this measure by every means in my power.”

Sir Charles Brooke, now 72, succeeded to the kingdom in 1917. The Japanese drove him out in December, 1941.

He visited Sarawak in April to place the cession agreement for ratification before the Supreme State Council, which is said to be in favour of the proposal.

Accompanied by his wife and family, Dr. D. M. Deland travelled from Adelaide to Port Moresby in April, to join the staff of the Provisional Administration.

He expected to take charge of the Madang District. During the Pacific war, Dr. Deland was a medical officer in ANGAU, and saw service in all parts of Papua and New Guinea.

Methodist Mission

EXECUTIVES Changes in Sydney and Tonga THERE has been a general changearound in the executives of the Methodist Overseas Missions.

Rev. A. R. Gardner followed Rev. J.

W. Burton, as general secretary, at headquarters, in Sydney.

Rev. C. F. Gribble, who had been Director of Education in Tonga for three years (where he followed Captain F. G.

L. Holland, OBE, of Tarawa fame), is now assistant secretary, in Sydney, Mr. K. R. Lambie, who was principal of the Government College, Nukualofa, was seconded from the New Zealand Government service, and is now Tonga’s Director of Education.

Rev. Roger Page, who has been head of the Methodist Church in Tonga for 38 years, will retire in June. (See article elsewhere.) Captain Holland, who was in charge of education in the Gilbert and Ellice Colony until the Jap invasion in 1942, returned to Tarawa with the Americans with the rank of major, and gave distinguished service. He then retired, and now is living in New Zealand.

From Gold To Soft Drinks

IN Melbourne in March, Mr. P, J. Cody, a director of Loloma and Emperor Mines, Fiji, and of Austral Wine and Spirit Agency, announced that the firm that had been known as Telluride Investments Pty., Ltd., and had been associated with Fijian gold interests, had changed its name to Barrett Brothers Cordials Pty., Ltd., and would manufacture aerated waters in Melbourne.

This sudden switch from gold to pop was accomplished without any changes being made in the original articles of association drawn up in 1936 for Telluride Investments. This, it is stated, is due to “widely drawn clauses.” 51 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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Pacific Islands

REGIMENT Getting Ready For Demobilisation rE rapidity with which the Japanese prisoners are being shipped away from New Guinea to Japan—it is expected that they all will be gone by the end of July—makes the maintenance of the three battalions of the Pacific Islands Regiment (natives of Papua and New Guinea) no longer necessary; and plans for demobilisation are under way.

Originally, it was intended to keep the battalions at full strength, for guard duty over the Japs.

Reports about “mutiny” in the Regiment were exaggerated, state officers who recently came from Rabaul. There was restlessness and discontent, and a few ugly scenes—but nothing so bad that it could not be handled by the Regiment’s officers.

The real trouble occurred, not in the military ranks at all, but among some 3,000 native labourers—Aitapes and Sepiks —who were concentrated in large camps at Kokopo and Keravat, and who had a long wait for transport. They certainly “played up,” and extreme measures had to be taken; but that was not a military incident. The principal agitators were removed and dealt with, and there was no trouble after early February.

The Depot Battalion of the PlR—the battalion into which recruits were received—has been demobilised. Lieut - Colonel Mullaly has taken over the second battalion from Lieut.-Colonel Norman Neal—the latter has secured his discharge and has returned to his home in Wau.

Lieut.-Colonel Cameron, who was in charge of the 22nd Battalion of the AIF in Rabaul when the Japs invaded in 1942 has taken over the third battalion of the PIR from Lieut.-Colonel Murchison.

Last Parade Of Native

TROOPS r J I HE following description of the last parade of the PIR was published in “Guinea Gold” (the Service newspaper) on April 28: When the Pacific Islands Regiment held its last regimental parade on April 27, GOC, Major-General Morris, DSO, said “Goodbye” to native island troops whose record in the war has made them worldfamous as fighting men.

Many men and women of the Services gathered to see the parade and pay tribute to the splendid record of the . native troops who fought in every action but one, from the Kokoda trail to Bougainville.

The CO, Colonel A. B. MacDonald, led the 1,500 men of the regiment in the march past when General Morris took the salute.

On the official stand were: Cdr. Fowler, NOIC, Brigadier Monaghan, DSO, Commander 11 Bde., and Brigadier R. Irving, CBE, Commander 4 Bde.

The band which was a feature of the parade was trained by Lieut. Ryder, of Gympie.

The splendid bearing of the island soldiers and the precision of their movements was inspiring to the military audience.

All felt proud of the natives who had stood side by side with Australian and Allied troops throughout the years of the Pacific war, and proved themselves loyal comrades and gallant fighting men.

General Morris made a stirring speech in Pidgin saying goodbye to the island soldiers and expressing the feelings of all who had been associated with the members of the PIR in the war He concluded: “Orait closetu ol Japan i go pinis.

“Nau wok belong guard belong soljia belong nau New Guinea pinis.

“Nau ol i go bek long pies belong im nau sindauum gut long meri nau pikanini bolong 01.

“Taim mipela mi lapun long Australia mi ting yet long yupela. Mi pren bolong yu—yu gutpela tomas.

“Gutbai ologeter yupela gutbai.”

Translated to English: “Shortly all the Japanese will have left. The guard duties of Australian soldiers, Papuan soldiers and New Guinea soldiers are nearly finished.

“Now you will go back to your villages your wives and your children.

“When I am an old man in Australia I will still think of you and I am a friend of you all and think you are fine troops “Goodbye, altogether. Goodbye”

CO, Papuan Infantry Regiment, Lieut.- Colonel Elliot-Smith then translated the speech into Motu for his men.

The units of the PIR marched in this order:— Papuan Inf. Bn. (CO, Lieut.-Colonel S Elliot-Smith); 1 Bn. NG Inf. (Major J P Curlewis); 2 Bn. (Lieut.-Colonel A‘ g' Cameron, DSO); Depot Bn. (Lieut - Colonel J. C. Mullaly); 3 Bn. (Lieut- Colonel T. F. B. Macaddie, DSO).

Many of the troops wore ribbons of the DCM and MM on their breasts alongside the campaign ribbons of the Pacific war.

In all about 30 natives, besides European officers and NCO’s, have been decorated.

The Regiment killed 2,200 Japs during the war; wounded a great number; and captured 250 POW.

Many individuals have big totals of killed.

Sergeant-Major Matepi’s total was more than 100, and Sergeant-Major Tapioli. MM, 74.

Soldiers who had fought beside the native troops in the war said to-day that it was a loss to Australian island defences that the men should be disbanded and returned to their villages.

Decorations of a European sergeant and four natives were presented.

Mr. A. S. Farebrother recently returned to Suva after leave in NZ. 52 MAY. 19 4 6 -PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

Uf LJ L JJ | HISTORY tells us that the discovery in 1831 of gold in Victoria did much to encourage the success and prosperity of the State. One authority reported:- So great were the numbers setting off for the goldfields of New South Wales it seemed likely that Victoria would sink into a very insignificant place among the Australian colonies. In alarm, a number of leading citizens united to form the Gold Discovery Committee’, and offered a reward of £200 for the first intimation of gold within 200 miles of Melbourne.”

The first useful discovery seems to have been made at Cluncs on 1st July by a Californian named Esmond, who — despite the counter-claims of a party which made a simultaneous discovery at Anderson’s Creek (near Warrandyte) "received honours and emoluments as the first discoverer. Within a month," continues the historian, "Ballarat took rank as the richest goldfield in the world. Ten thousand men were at work on the Yarrowee . . . toiling beneath the ground to excavate the soil and pass it on to companions who hurried to the ergek, where twelve hundred cradles, worked by brawny arms were washing the sand from the gold.”

It was Ballarat and its goldfields which first attracted Thos. Swallow, founder of Swallow O Ariell. But according to a eulogy of a later day, "the scope of his ambition was not to be limited within the bounds of a provincial town, however flourishing. He returned to tbe metropolis, and seized upon a business site on the sea-board. ”

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LEADERS IN THE R1SCUIT INDUSTRY SINCE 18 5 4 tURERI AIM 0/ THI MHRU « tWAl.LOW » AHItU ItUM runDIflfiS. C4«fH AH 0 IVl CltlAM Errol Flynn's Pranks in New Guinea Old Territorian had dropped in for a chat; and something came up about the credit system in NG, and the ways in which men who had had a run of bad luck occasionally slipped out of the Territory without seeing the all-financing storekeeper. rpHE OT became reminiscent. “I saw J. a film last night,” he said, “and the star was Errol Flynn, now one of the world’s headliners. Reminded me of the days when Errol was raising the wind in any old way in New Guinea.” He sketched, for me, a brief history of Errol Flynn’s career in the Western Pacific.

Errol Flynn apparently had many adventures in Papua and New Guinea; but most of the Old Timer’s memories were concerned with incidents of finance. The embryo film star was everlastingly broke, and his ways of filling the exchequer were—to put it mildly—ingenious.

There was an occasion when Errol was about to leave Port Moresby; and the news of his impending departure disturbed a storekeeper who had trusted not wisely, but too well. He sent a boy hurriedly to the steamer, with a bill for Mr.

Flynn, and a demand for attention. Errol wrote on the back of the bill; “Dear Tom—l am, willing to forget this, if you are,” and returned It to the trader.

On another occasion, Errol was running a cutter out of Kavieng—trading, recruiting, any old thing. On Djaul Island, at that time, there was a certain Captain Mac—a very tough old lad. who trusted no one, and was done unto by others as he would do by them. Captain Mac wanted urgently to go to Rabaul, and so he sent across for “Captain” Flynn and his cutter. Flynn was tough, too.

He had had transactions with Captain Mac before. When he arrived, he refused to take Captain Mac aboard until Captain Mac signed a document, expressing confidence in his powers of navigation, and an order on Burns Philp (RabauL for £25. Captain Mac » agreed, with mental reservations. Twenty-five pounds was extortionate.

Flynn got his cutter into Simpsonhaven very early in the morning; had himself rowed ashore in the cutter’s only dinghy; waited on the BP doorstep until opening, and collected his £25; and was then rowed back to the cutter and a raging Captain Mac.

Errol Flynn’s departure from the Morobe district of New Guinea was quietly arranged, and not attended by fond farewells. He owed some money at the hotel, and he left there, as a sort of security, a large and heavy suitcase.

When, in the course of time, it appeared that Errol had gone to China, or somewhere, and was not coming back, the hotel-owner, Mrs. Allen Innes, opened the suitcase. The weight was given to it by half-a-dozen of the hotel’s best sheets.

The only treasure in the case was a diary, written by Flynn at nights, when he was away recruiting in the New Guinea jungle. It contained the young man’s reflections, fag-end memories of poems, and so forth. And it was not regarded as a treasure until Errol Flynn became world-famous.

When Errol Flynn faded out of New Guinea, he left behind an unpaid bill for dental service. When his name made the highlights, the dentist wrote him a tender letter, and sent it. with his statement of account, to Hollywood. A reply duly arrived: “Dear Bill—l was glad to hear from you, and have word of the boys—nice of you to keep me green In your memory . . . According to recent advices, my autograph now is valuable.

I am happy to send it to you as some return for services rendered. All the best from, yours truly, ERROL FLYNN.”

R.W.R.

Ba Thanks Mr. H. H. Ragg

For Bowling Green

Appreciation of the generosity of the Hon. Hugh Ragg, MLC, of Fiji, for his gift of a new green to the Ba Bowling Club, was expressed in a report of the club at its 23rd annual general meeting, on February 17, The opening of the green had taken place on October 7, during Cession weekend, and this had enabled visitors from other parts of Fiji to attend the function. Three hundred people were on the lawns when Mr. and Mrs. Ragg arrived to open the green and begin the tournament that lasted until late afternoon.

Mr. George Jordan, who welcomed the donor of the green, and Mrs. Ragg, said that the club was in a flourishing condition, due to the interest and support of Mr. Ragg. The green would be a memorial to him and to his life’s aim, which was to give pleasure to others.

Special credit was given in the report to Messrs. Jordan, Carew, Clarkeson, Bygrave, and Wilson, who had given much help in organising the function; and to Mrs. A. Waddingham and her helpers, who had been in charge of the excellent catering arrangements.

At the conclusion of the day’s play prizes were presented to the winning team, a cocktail party was held, and, during it, visitors expressed their appreciation of the entertainment they had received. 53 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY - MAY, 1946

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Aitutaki Prisoners Escape

From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, April 1.

FOUR Aitutakians, serving Court sentences for minor offences, made a bid for freedom and fame by “borrowing” the whaleboat “Lady Alice” and setting out on an ocean cruise on the night of February 16. They were believed to be attempting-to sail to Samoa.

The mail ’planes were asked to keep a look-out, but nothing was seen or heard of the runaways until a radio message was received from Niue stating that the boat had arrived at that island on March 10 and that the crew had been taken into custody pending an opportunity to return them to Aitutaki.

Food supplies had run out and the four sailors were suffering a little from hunger and exposure but otherwise no worse for their 22 days’ ocean voyage.

Shipping And Plane Services

Sea , and a ! r services are running to schedules in the Pacific, vlo ° f f he * eg " lar services which were suspended, owing to war conditions have a ♦v? 661 ! restored » but preparations are under way for their early re-introduction As they become available they will be announced here.

New Zealand-—Fiji— Samoa—Tonga SERVICE CONDUCTED BY UNION SS CO.,

Ltd - —Subject To Alteration Without

NOTICE New Caledonia THE New Caledonian Government has subsidised and maintained the coastal shipping services. The East Coast, the West Coast, and the Loyalty Islands, under present conditions, receive 10 round trips per annum.

The ships ,call at the following ports; EAST COAST.—Yate, Ounia, Thio, Nakety, Canala, Kouaoua Kua, Moneo, Ponerihouen, Tibarama, Poindimie, Wagap, Touho, Tipindje, Hienghene, Tao, Oubatch, Pouebo, Balade, Pam, Arama, and return.

WEST COAST,—Pouembout, Kone, Temala, Voh, Ouaco Gomen, Koumac, Tangaiou, Tiebaghi, Nehoue Poume, Baaba, Belep and return.

LOYALTY ISLANDS.—Mare (Tadine), Lifou (Chepenehe) Ouvea (Fajaoue, St. Joseph) and return.

The steamer “Neo Hebridais” runs regularly between Noumea and Sydney, with occasional trips to the New Hebridqg (mostly Aneityum).

The owners are Societe Maritime et Maniere Hagen, Noumea. Sydney agents: H. C, Sleigh, 254 George Street, Sydney.

New Zealand—Cook Is.—-Niue—Samoa rpHE motor vessel “Maui Pomare,”

X owned and operated by the NZ Government, maintains a direct service between Auckland and Rarotonga (Cook Island), with alternative calls at Niue and Apia (Samoa).

“Maui Pomare” calls at outlying islands in tne Cook Group as required.

Sydney—Auckland Airways r T'ASMiAN Empire Airways* Ltd., operate a flying-boat service between Rose Bay Sydney and Mechanics Bay, Auckland. Large flying-boats, capable of carrying 20 passengers are employed. The trip is comfortable, and ta mt S from Bto 10 hours, according to weather The flying-Jioats usually leave Sydney at daylight on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, a ? d leave Auckland at daylight on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.

Bookings may be made at the Auckland and Sydney offices of Tasman Empire Airways.

Sydney-Norfolk Island- New Hebrides rE SS “Morinda,” Burns Philp & Co., Ltd., runs at approximately sixseven weeks’ intervals from Sydney to Lord Howe Island. Norfolk Island, and main ports of the New Hebrides, and return. A regular fixed timetable is not yet practicable.

March: SS “Morinda,” after running on a reef, has been in dock in Sydney.

Sydney—Queensland— Port Moresby Airways oAn^0 A n^t S , Empire Airways, Ltd., employing itT noj planes, operate a regular service between Sydney Port Moresby and Lae, and and Cairns Bnsbane ’ Rock hampton, Townsville la “ e ®. leave Sydney on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 10 a.m., and arrive at Lae at noon on Tuesdays, Thursdays and f ;turdays.

PHritv! 8 lo ,f V o e L f e at 5,45 a ' m - on Wednesdays, Fridays and Sundays, and arrive in Sydney at 10 p.m., accomplishing the Lae-Sydney'run in a day. snv ool^ B + may be made at Q an tas offices at any of the towns named. At present, berths are available only to passengers holding official permits to visit Papua or New Guinea.

Pacific Travellers PASSENGERS who arrived in Auckland by MV “Matua” on March FROM APIA: Mr. J. Ah Kuoi, Miss E. Ah Kiau, Miss J. Arps, Mr. I. F. Bacx. Miss L. Bell, Mrs L Bentley, Mr. L. Brighouse, Miss F. M. Brown Mr. S. P. Churchward, Miss F. Coffin, Mr E Cook, Mr. L. A. Crawley, Miss K. Crichton, Mr!

V. Codinet, Miss S. Hinkin, Mr, D. Irwin, Mr.

J. Lah, Miss F, Macdonald, Miss E. Mackenzie,' Mr. and Mrs. H. Reid (and two children), Miss A. Russell, Miss H. Basse, Miss S. E. Skelton, Mrs, L. Tebbutt (and two daughters), Mr. H.

Thomsen (and two daughters), Miss E. E. Wetzell, Miss A. M. Wetzell, Mr. J. A. Yarldall, Miss F.

Yandall.

FROM SUVA: Mr. E. Agate, Miss A. Barnett, Mrs. M. P. Bray, Mr. and Mrs. G. M. Browne, Mr. P. T. Cahill, Miss B. Caldwell, Miss J. S.

Carson, Mrs. M. Cavander (and two daughters), Miss V. C. Clerke, Mr. C. F. Corbett. Miss K.

E. Doherty, Mr. P. W. Duran, Mr. L. Elliott, Mr. G. F. Grey, Mrs. J. M. Harvie, Mrs. L.

Hettig, Mr. Geo. Jay (and son), Mrs. H, G.

Livingston, Mrs. N. M. Mariner (and daughter), 54 may. 1946 pacific islands monthly

Flat Wanted

Furnished or Unfurnished Flat required by member of Territory’s Service. Eastern Suburbs or Coogee preferred.

Telephone FX 4563, after 6.30 p.m.

Time Off From

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Imperial

Good Foods

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Head Office: 5-7 O’Connell Street, Sydney, Australia.

Imperial MEATREAT ★ Imperial CAMP PIE ★ Imperial HAMPE ★ Imperial HOT MEALS Miss S. L. Mackintosh, Miss L. Mclntyre, Mr and Mrs. C. R. H. Nott (and two children), Mrs.

M. L. Palmer (and two children), Mr. and Mrs.

F. H. Redward (and two children), Mr. S. R.

Rex, Mrs. M. M. Ross, Mr. and Mrs. H. Sabben, Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Steward (and two children), Mr. and Mrs. P. J. Stephens (and four children), Miss D. N. Taylor, Mr. McTiran, Ratu S. and Mrs. Vanivula, Mr. D. J, Warren, Miss C. M.

Wilson.

PASSENGERS who left Auckland per MV “Matua” on April 2:— FOR SUVA; Mr. J. G. Ashley, Mr. K. M. and Mrs. Almao, Mrs. J. Anderson, Mrs. D. R. Ashley, Mrs. M. Arbutnot, Mr. T. Alcock, Miss A.

Barnett, Mrs. O. P. Brown (and child), Mrs.

T. S. Brock, Mr. T. J. and Mrs. Blakelock (and child), Mrs. N. F. Baker (and daughter), Mrs.

C. S. Boyle (and infant), Miss P. Brokenshire, Mr. A. N. Brown, Mr. W. G. and Mrs. Clark, Mrs. E. M. Caine, Mrs. F. Corbett (and child), Miss M. A. R. Cullen, Mr. J. T. Collins, Mr. F.

R, J. and Mrs. Davies, Mrs. N. E. Davies (and two children), Mr. H. L. and Mrs. Davidson (and two children), F/Lleut. W. R. Dyer, Rev.

Dr. Pox, Mr. A. E. and Mrs. Fuller (and four children), Mrs. E. R. Gaspard, Mr. A. V. Guy.

Mr. M. W. T. Griffen, Miss I. A. Hathaway, Mrs. W. J. Herrold, Mrs. A. Irving (and child), Mr. A. W. James, Miss M. J. Jenkin, Bishop L.

S. Kempthorne, Mr. A. G. and Mrs. Kemp (and child), Mr. J. Kuri, Mr. A. D. Leslie, Rev. W.

E. Moren, Mr, D. and Mrs. Mitchell, Mr. R. E.

Mitchell, Mrs. E. J. Moffatt (and child), Miss L.

J. Martin, Bro. E. J. McDonough, Mrs. K.

McAlpine, Miss P. Murane, Mr. F. A. McMullan, Mr. A. D. Naigalevu, Mr. J. E. and Mrs. Poulton (and two children), Mr. T. P. Patton, Mr. J.

Pennington, Mr. S. J. Sutcliffe, Mr. L. H. and Mrs. Scott (and child). Mr. S. F. and Mrs.

Sanders, Bro. E. P. Stevens, Mrs. M. V. Shaw (and daughter), Mr. J. and Mrs. Taylor (and daughter), Mrs. E. Tarte, Mr. S. A. and Mrs.

Tetzner (and child), Mrs. V. Turley, Mrs. M.

E. Webster, Mrs. H. A. Webster (and daughter), Mrs. A. E. Windle (and child), Mr. E. V. Wilson.

FOR APIA: Mr. W. M. and Mrs. Burnett, Mrs.

W. E. Fry, Mrs. E. Gurau, Miss E. D. Henderson, Dr. Monaghan, Mr, W. Schwalger, Mr. H.

C. J. and Mrs. Ulberg.

FOR NUKUALOFA: Mr. P. A. S. Cowley, Mr, M. Santos.

FOR VAVAU: Mr. H. T. Hunter, Mr. J. W.

Scarll.

ROUND TRIP: Mr. P. Concannon.

PASSENGERS who left Suva for Auckland and Sydney by Matson liner “Lurline” on March 10: V. J. Costello, Mrs. D. Costello (and two children), C. Lees, W. G. Mackay, P. Costello, N. B. Casey, Mrs. K. Casey, Mr. and Mrs. H.

Wooley (and three children), J. G. Purdon, Mrs.

M. A. Purdon, F. M. Garnett. Mr. and Mrs. J.

T. Johnson, Mrs. H. K. Costello, Mrs. V. Scurr, Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Higgins (and two children), Mrs. W. Hayward, Miss W. Forster, C. A. Leembruggen, Mrs. E. Leembruggen, R. P. Kay, Mrs.

P. W. H. Ellis, Mrs. E. A. Higginson, Mrs. M.

E. Wisdom, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Grlbble (and child), Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Freeman, F. Keyte, Mrs. E. G. Keyte, Mrs. Corlls (and three children), C. Corlis, K. Grahame, Mrs. Grahame (and two children), Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Ewlns (and three children), J. Allan, H. Allan (and one child), Mrs. A. Fyfe, J. Fyfe. Mr. and Mrs.

J. H. Whiting (and one child), W. J. Thomsett, L. Eland, Mr. and Mrs. E. M. Farrar (and two children), S. Weatherbey, D. Johnson, H. J.

Waite, Fong Say Tin, Mrs. C. P. Fong, Pong K.

Moo, Fong Say Shing, Fong Sit Moue, Fong Jessie, Fong Sux Mun, Hui Fong Fan, Fong Kong Sing, Miss T. Maesepp, Fong Moon, S. J.

Coggins, D. V. Khatri, Mr. and Mrs. L. A.

Parsons (and three children), Govind Lallu, Hkrkasan P. Bulsara, Manganlal Vammill C.

Kantllal T. Nanfl, Narain Bhoga, Nallu Vallabh, Daya Prana, Mr. and Mrs. G. R. Robertson, Maneklal Ganabhai, Arjan Budhilal, Mrs. V.

Budhilal, Chanpakalal, Rosikalal, Garni Daya, B. B. Browne, J. Browne (and two children), W. C. Connlngsbee, Kasan V. Patel, Narain Gelabhal, Manilal Narshi, Bhaga Parag, Lakshman Dhanji, Jibhai Hirabal, Mrs. Jibhai Hirabhai, Thakor Vanmali, Bhakwan Ramji, Jakishan Bhukan, Narotam Ghagwan, Manju Vallabh, Dhasukhalal H, Bhagat, Parshotam Manju, Narotam Gopal, Ambaram Harkishan, Ratilal Bulabhal, Harikishan Dayaram, Bhanibhai Kalyan, Dhuliabh Kushal, Ranchod Ramakrishna, Mrs. Ramakrishna (and two children), Rantanji Ramchod, Kesur Vanmali, Ashabhai P. Patel, Chunilal Hiralal, Vasram Virji, Mrs. J, E. Jenkins (and two children), Jalkisan Gangaram, Fakir Mahomed, Klsam Fakir, Mrs. T. Eapan (and three children), A.

J. Abraham, Jannadas Ramchod, Vanmall Laxman, Govind Kalyan, Narsi Morar, Khusal Gordhan, Gangaram Hari, Hiralal G. Harl, Nichabhai Chibba, Natvarli Raifichoddas, Vanmali Fakir, Kalyan Barsi, Mrs. Sarah Grahame, Mrs. M. Whittaker, Pranjivan Bhugwan, Vallabhai Jairambi Madhi Sarsai, Ismail E. Nana, M.

J. Last, G. F. Hennings, Laiji Ramchod, Magan Bhana, Nangindas Brikbhai, Dayabhai Bhikhabhai, Abraham Gullabh, Hiralal Laxman, Gangram Layaram, Hiralal Mancharram, Nathoo Ganda, Parker Kutty, Parbhu Hira, Ratilal Kalyan, Balwant Singh, Baker Bhai Patel, Pharbu Bancha, Nathubhai J. Patel, Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Beach (and three children), Comanbhai R. Patel, Govindbhai M. Patel, Kanji G.

Patel, Motiram Morar, Dayaram Hargovind, Chotiu Damodar, Maneklal Chhotalal, Sister M.

Hortense, Sister N. Deiselle, Keshav Parshotam, Ranchod Bhika, T. J. Costello, Wah Yow Lee, Mrs. Wah Yow Lee, N. M. Patel, Mrs. Patel, Patel Kumudinl, Patel Sureshchandra, Chhotubhai M. Patel, M. Edwards, H. H. Edwards (and three children), Anbram Bhika, Govind Dullabh, Gangaram Govind, Mrs. C. M. Bass, H. A. Mitchell, T. Allan, Mrs. Edwards, B. Proweller, H.

W. Marshall, Mrs. F. Corbett (and one child), F. J. Dunstan, C. Meyer, R. A. Ricketts, Chandra Pundit, R. D. McPhee, L. Noerr, Mrs. L. Noerr, F. M. # K. Sherani, N. Levy, Mrs. H. Levy, P.

MacDonald, Kwan Fong, Wah Kwan, P. J.

Lochan, Mr. and Mrs. B. J. Smith (and one

In The Supreme Court Of The

Australian Capital Territory

No. 5 of 1945.

IN THE MATTER of Greenwood & Laws Limited, a New Guinea Company.

TAKE NOTICE that the Judge of the said Court has by an Order dated the 2nd April, 1946, appointed Richard Arthur Laws, of 211 Military Road. Cremorne, in the State of New South Wales, Australia, to be Official Liquidator of the abovenamed Company.

DATED this 17th day of April, 1946.

H. T. Macready and Eric Jones, Solicitors for the Liquidator, 133 Pitt Street, SYDNEY.

A. B. DONALD Ltd.

AUCKLAND

Island Traders & General Merchants

P.O. Box 1509. Cables &• Telegrams, "Kingdom," Auckland. child), E. E. Waiigh, T. G. E. Johnson, J.

Canard. J. M. McGinley, V. K. Underwood, R.

Burgess, Mrs. R. Burgess (and one child), Miss Sabarwal, Mrs. L. Leaver, Mrs. J. B. Stinson, Mr. and Mrs. A. L. Lambourne (and two children), Mrs. A. F. Ragg, Satymani Masih, C.

Kennedy, Makanji Haribhai, Naidu Ramkrishnan, Mrs. E. E. Walker. D. Walker, P. Walker, W. E. Fowler, J. L. McDuff, B. Watkins, Mr. and Mrs. M. H. S. Greenwood (and four children), G. Greenwood, L. Griffiths, Mrs. Falvey (and two children), Mrs. Andrews (and three children).

PASSENGERS who left Sydney by SS “Morinda” for Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island, and the New Hebrides on March 6: — Spr. D. D. Adams, Cpt. E. W. Adams, Cpl. C. E.

J. Adams, Mrs. L. Bairstow (twins), Mr. and Mrs.

Blackwell (three children), Mrs. E. J. Boswell, Mrs. F. E. Browne, Miss H. Bradshaw, Mr. S.

Bain-Ewart, L.A.C. S. Buffett, Pte. C. Buffett (and infant), Mrs. P. Colley, Pte. G. C. Christian, Mrs. J. Dunlop, Mr. and Mrs. B. C. W. Dunster, Sgt. G. H. Davies, Mr. H. B. Evans, Miss J.

Errard, Mrs. E. Ferguson, Mrs. H. Gould (and infant), Miss M. Green, Rev. J. W. Gillan, F/O L. H. Gibbon, Mrs. J. Holder (and infant), Mr. and Mrs. Holloway, Mrs. E. F. Hines, Miss I.

Lloyd, Miss H. Lynch, Mrs. H. McLean (and two children), Miss F. Mulholland, Mr. and Mrs. I. Miller (and two children), Mr. and Mrs.

A. Mann (and two children), Pte. C. P. McCoy, Mr. W. > McCoy, Mrs. A. B. Nicholls, Mrs. E.

Nicholls' (and infant), Mr. Peel, Mr. and Mrs.

N. C. Paton (and child), Miss L. Quintal, Cpl.

F. A. Quintal, L.A.C. M. Quintal, Pte. T. A.

Quintal, Mrs. L. Retmock, Messrs. M. and J.

Rossi, Mrs. K. Snell (and infant), Mrs. A. P Scott (and two children), Capt. Stephenson, L.A.C. B. M. Smyth, Mr. and Mrs. R. W.

Taylor, Mrs. J. Tuite (and child), Mr. A.

Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. R. T. C. Williamson (and two infants), Mr. C. H. Willis.

PASSENGERS who left Auckland for Suva per RCS “Viti” in March;— Miss I. E. Boulton, Mr. W. J. S. Brabant, Master W. B. Brabant, Master H. J. S. Brabant.

Miss C. P. D. Brabant, Mrs. R. S. Brabant, Miss J. K. Deeley, Miss U. G. Gilmour, Mr. A. L.

Hansard, Miss J. A. E. Hennings, .Mrs. D. E.

Lester, Mr. R. H. Lester, Miss M. N. E. Lester, Master R. H. Lester, Miss Iff Lloyd, Mrs. J. E.

Macdonald, Mrs. B. J. H. Pampton, Master A.

S. Pampton, Mr. W. M. Pampton, Mrs. Z. M.

Richards, Miss Y. R. Richards, Mr. A. R. W.

Robertson, Mrs. C. E. Robertson, Mr. H. A.

Ross, Miss M. E. Sampson, Mr. V. C. Jacka, Mr. D. Collins, Mrs. D. E. MacDonald, Master N. M. MacDonald, Master J. F. J. Strong, Mr.

R. O. Brown.

PASSENGERS who left Suva for Auckland by RCS “Viti” in March:— Mr. J. A. W. Lever, Mr. C. W. Blakelock, Mrs.

N. M. Blakelock, Mr. S. G. Marshall, Miss S.

F. McHugh, Miss F. V. McHugh, Mr. G. E.

Rard, Mrs. G. E. Rard, Mr. W. V. Banting, Mrs.

W. V. Banting, Miss A. Banting, Master Banting.

PASSENGERS who left Australia for Suva, via Noumea, by Qantas flyingboat on March 6:— Mr. A. A. Haworth, Mr. T. F. French, Mr. D.

M. Riemy, Mr. H. B. Maynard, Mrs. L. Broome, Master Broome, Mr. D. Dickens, Mrs. D. Dickens (and infant), Mr. E. R. Tanner, Mrs. Singh (and infant), Mr. L. H. Simpson, Mr. S. J.

Simpson, Mrs. P. A. Simpson, Mrs. M. H. Exon, Miss J. R. Exon, Master N. F. Exon, Mr. N.

Jackson, Rev. C. L. Welch, Mrs. J. M. Jackson, Mrs. E. A. Lowell, Mr. D. W. Lindsay, Mr. E. T.

Richardson.

PASSENGERS who left Suva for Australia by Qantas ’flying-boat on March 8: Mrs. C. S. Ackland, Mr. E. G. Morland, Mrs.

E. Morland, Master J. Morland, Miss S. Morland, Mr. E. L. Newman, Mr. H. G. Nicholl, Mr.

Gordhan Devji, Mr. Bhagwanji Hansraj, Mr, Mulji Vallabhji, Mr. Gangaram Jayaram, Mr.

Yayaram Narsey, Mr. Manabhai M. Patel, Mr.

Morabhai P. Patel, Mr. Sunderlal Devchand, Mr.

Gambhi Bhana, Mr. Morar Unka, Mr. Brij Bukhun Kalyan, Mr. Pranjivan Kalyan, Mr.

Parshotam Narsey, Mr. Vassam Jina, Mr. J. T.

Cleary, Mr. Nagin Ranchhod, Mr. Ranchhod Manga.

PASSENGERS who left Australia for New Guinea by Qantas airliner;— MAR. 13: Mr. K. Chester, Mr. A, Maddolk, Mr. H. Beach, Mr. A. Maclean, Mr. J. Louden.

Mrs. M. Louden, Mrs. E. M. May, Mr. A. D Drummond, Mr. A. M. Stubbs, Mr. R. W. Stubbs'.

MAR. 15: Mrs. G. I. Maclennan (and infant), Miss Maclennan, Mr. N. W. Merrin, Mr. C. S.

Nicholas, Mr. Hay, Mr. F. B. Barker, Mr. F.

R. Bowman, Mr. A. V, Chalder, Mr. R. W.

Syubbs.

MAR. 18: Mrs. McLaurin, Mr. Griffiths, Mr.

McLaughlan, Mr. P. O’Reily, Mrs. L. M. Farlow, Mr. P. Cockson, Mr. Blestowe, Mr. Worwald, Mrs. L. Mcleay, Mr. G. E. Aumuller.

MAR. 20: Mr. J. O. O’Brien, Mr. M. C. Harridge, Mr. B. G. Marshall, Mr. J. H. Ahearne, Mr. M. Elfenbein, Mr. R. L. Moon, Mrs. Morton, Mr. A. Netterfleld, Mr. Chalder, Mrs. Mclauran.

MAR. 22: Mr. G. Pederson, Mrs. M. Gore, Mr.

H. W. Scope, Mr. T. W. Bayliss, Mr. C. Bayliss, Mr. R. J. Booker, Mr. A. Pym, Mr. R. L. Flood, Mr. J. N. Simon.

MAR. 27; Mr. J. Dunwoodie. Mr. G. C. Porker, Mr. G. R. Richardson, Brig. Campbell, Mrs.

Edwards, Miss Edwards, Mrs. K. McMullen, Mr.

C. J. Moloney, Mr. B. W. Kirke, Mr. C. R.

Fisher, Mr. R. W. Eglington.

MAR. 28: Mr. W. Henley, Mr. L. Coleman, Mr.

F. Maynard, Mr. G. Lightbody, Mrs. Beckett, Mr.

C. C. Mabbott, Mr. F. Meyer, Mr. W. L. B.

Reeve, Mr. L. McKillop, Mr. W. Weir, Mr. K.

G. Murray.

MAR. 29'; Mr. T. McKenna, Mr. R. P. Gillingwater, Mr. H. J. Reynolds, Lieut.-Col. T. Ledgerwood, Mr G. Kerr, Mrs. M. A. Littlewood, Miss J. Littlewood, Mr. H. L. Woolcott, Mr. R.

Donald, Mrs. M. Costello, Mr. E. Guinan, Mr.

H. Stewart, Mr. J. McKenna.

PASSENGERS who arrived in Australia from New Guinea by Qantas airliner: — MAR. 6: Mr. W. Robson, Mr. C. McDonnell, Mr. A. C. Lodder, Lieut.-Col. Mendenshon.

MAR. 9: Mr. J. L. Taylor, Mr. E. Bignold.

MAR. 10: Mr. G. Wakeford, Mr. J. K. Murray, Mr. C. Shorthouse, Mr. M. J. Scott.

MAR. 15-17: Mr. H. T. West, Mr. A. L. Mincke, Mr. F. L. Kwock Cheong, Mr. Cheung Hung, Mr.

T. L. Sefton.

MAR. 20: Mr. F. J. Leydin, Mr. L. V. Haack, Miss J. Dunstan, Miss J. Jones (stretcher), Mr.

J. B. Sedgers, Mr. G. S. Crouch.

MAR. 22: Mr, J. Hay, Col. C. G. Speckman, Mr. L. A. Brumby, Mr. J. T. Mann, Mr. E. J.

Frame, Major C. E. Smith.

MAR. 24: Mr, A. T. Sullivan, Mr. C. W. Rundnagel, Mrs. P. M. Rundnagel, Col. H. T. Allan, Mr, H. Williams, Mr. R. A. Lea-Wright.

MAR. 28: Mr. T. J. Healy, Mr. A. Lovell, Mr.

J. Archer, Mr. F. Symes, Mr. L. R. Horton, Major K. Rowe, Cpl. M. J. Rogers, MAR. 29: Lieut.-Col. Perkins, Mr. W. Marshall, Mr. H. D. Calderwood, Mr. L. Logan.

MAR. 31: Sgt. Watson, S/Sgt. Stanley, Mr. R.

G. Tempest, Mr. C. W. Macfarlane, Mr. T. G.

Rogasch, Mr. M. Mclean, Mr. L. J. Howarth, Capt. W. S. Douglass. (The passenger lists above were held over from April issue of “P TI M.”) PASSENGERS who arrived in Auckland per MV “Matua” on April 21:— FROM NUKUALOFA; Mr. L. Brahne, Mrs. E.

Jones, Mr. S. Leger, Mrs. J. Mollerup, Master T. Riggs, Mrs. E. Tiffin.

FROM APIA: Miss B. Annunson, Miss A.

Bartley, Mr. P. Betham (and child), Mr. and Mrs. J. Carruthers (and two children), Miss M.

Cook, Mr. and Mrs. T. Gillan (and child), Mr.

I. Henderson, Miss F. Kerrigan, Mr. H. Murray, Mr. M. Nu’u, Miss M. Oldehaver, Miss C. Purcell, Brother Rodgers, Miss K. Rutherford, Miss P. Samuola, Miss G. Schaumkel, Miss N.

Schaumkel, Mr. and Mrs. K. Stewart, Mrs. T.

Stewart (and five children), Master J. Stowers, M. Stowers, Mrs. M. Yandall (and child),'Mrs. A. Young.

FROM SUVA: Mrs. M. Amerosius, Mr. G.

Arthur, Mr. J. Berry, Rev. C. Bull, Master S.

Cooper, Father P. Coquereau, Mr. B. Cronin, Mrs. P. Edwards, Mr. T. Foley, Miss M. Gaspard, Mr. R. Ginn, Mr. and Mrs. C. Harvey (and three children), Mr. D. Haynes, Miss R.

Hedstrom, Mr. G. Jarratt, Miss S. Laing, Mr.

K. Low, Mr. and Mrs. A. Martin (and two children), Miss D. Morris, Mr. L. McGinley, Miss D. McGinley, Miss C. McMillan, Master D. Paterson, Miss R. Pickering, Mr. and Mrs.

W. Robertson (and two children), Miss P.

Sheath, Mrs. P. Singh (and two children), Mr.

F, Smith, Mr. and Mrs. P. Snow, Mr. I. Stinson, 56 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

interpreter and Translator University student (woman) is prepared to undertake Translation and Secretarial work, on a part-time basis. Would undertake casual work for visitors as Interpreter and Translator. Good knowledge of French, German and Russian.

Communicate with MA 3929.

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Mr. E. Turner, Mr. W. Weatherall, Mr, H.

Williams, Mrs. J. Wilson.

ROUND TRIP; Mr. R. Concannon. rE following passengers left Auckland by MV “Matua” on May 2:— FOR SUVA; Mr. and Mrs. W. Botterill, Mrs.

K. W. Buckhurst (and daughter). Miss H. M Boyd, Mr. and Mrs. C. F. Corbett (and daughter), Mrs. L. J. Chapman, Mrs. A. I.

Cameron, Mrs. M. A. Cullen, Miss N. Copsey, Mrs. E. M. Cowan (and child), Mr. and Mrs W. V. Caldwell, Mr. P. T. Cahill, Mr. J. v.

Cauty, Mr. and Mrs. W. Coster-Edwards, Mr. J.

D. Cruikshank, Miss S. E. Davis, Mrs. A. E.

Daniel, Sir Howard Ellis, Mr. and Mrs. R. C.

Evetts (and two children), Mrs. A. Evetts, Miss M. E. Furby, Mr. R. H. Frow, Mr. and Mrs G Garrick, Mr. R. Grant, Mrs. C. Hewson, Mr. w!

Howard, Capt. J. Latimer, Mrs. E. H. M. Lawlor Rev. Fr. Minehan, Rev. Mother McCormack, Rev!

Mother McLoughlin, Miss P. M. Macdonald, Mr.

L. R. Martin, Mr. Narsey (and son), Mr. S.

Nelson, Mrs. J. Penny, Mr. B. Proweller, Mr* and Mrs. A. E. Pearce, Mrs. M. A. Ryan’ (and two children). Miss P. Reeves, Mr. and Mrs J D. Safih, Mrs. E. R. St. Julian, Mr. and Mrs A. N. Sims (and child), Mrs. V. Steenson (and daughter), Mr. F. L. Smith, Mr. G. M. Wane, Miss D. Ward, Miss K. Wallace, Mr. J. Wilson,’

Miss J. M. Willoughby, Mr. and Mrs W e’

Willoughby-Tottenham.

FOR APIA: Miss E. A. Brown, Mr. D. G. M.

Campbell, Miss A. Crichton, Mrs. E. G. Elton (and child), Miss F. E. Eneri, Mr. and Mrs. R.

Hawthorne (and three children), Rev. J. h. and Mrs. Hoadley (and child), Mr. H. Irwin Capt. and Mrs. J. W. Jones, Miss R. Johnston,’

Mrs. R. E. C. Jardin, Sgt. R. H. Jessop, Mrs.

L. E. Kruse (and daughter), Mr. and Mrs A McMillan. Miss P. Melei, Mr. Mylroi, Mr. and Mrs. N. C. Nelson, Miss Simpson, Mr. and Mrs.

E. Szubinski (and daughter). Miss K. N. Tullett Miss B. Voelcker.

FOR NUKUALOFA; Rev. Dr. C. M. Churchward, Mr. A. T. R. Cocker, Mrs. D. E. Denny (and child), Mrs. M. E. Greenslade, Mr A L Hill, Mrs. M. B. Melrose.

ROUND TRIP; Mr. E. H. Mann.

PASSENGERS who arrived in Suva, Fiji, from Sydney by Qantas flyingboat on March 20:— Mr. K. H. Goddard, Mr. and Mrs. E. S.

Ingram, Mr. R. F. Greaghe, Mr. D. C Khatri Mr. N. Vithal, Mr. D. Kalyan, Mr. Ganda, Mr! and Mrs. J. Judd (and two daughters), Mr, and Mrs. F. H. Faber, Mr. and Mrs. E, O. Daly (and infant), Mr. and Mrs. Pulford (and child), Mr. and Mrs. E. D. Allen (and baby), Miss P. G Allen, PASSENGERS who left Suva for Noumea and Sydney by Qantas flying-boat on March 21;— Mr. D. T. Mitchell, Miss M. R. Anderson, Mrs.

H M. Anderson, Mr. A. W. Dickes, Mr. Chunilal Dahya Kara, Mrs. G. Honson (and Infant) Mr A. A. Haworth.

PASSENGERS who left Australia for New Guinea by Qantas airliner:— MAR. 24: Mr. G. Pederson, Mrs. M. Gore Mr H. W. Scope, Mr. T. W. Bayliss, Mr. G.

Bayhss, Mr. R. j. Booker, Mr. A. Pym, Mr. R.

L. Flood, Mr. V. N. Simon, Mr. G. C. Porke Mr. G. R. Richardson.

MAR 25; Brig. Campbell, Mrs. Edwards, Miss Edwards, Mrs. K. McMullen, Mr. C. J. Moloney Mr B W. Kirke, Mr. C. R. Visher, Mr. R. W.

Eglmgton, Mr. J. I. Donwoody.

MAR. 28: Mr. W. Henley, Mr. L. Coleman, Mr.

F Maynard, Mr. G. Lightbody, Mrs. Beckett, Mr. G. C. Mabbott, Mr. F. Meyer, Mr. W. L B.

Reeve Mr. L. McKillop, Mr. K. G. C. Murray, Mr. W. Weir.

MAR. 29: Mr. T. McKenna, Mr. R. p. Gillingwater, Mr. H. J. Reynolds, Lieut.-Col. T. Ledgerwood, Mr. G. Kerr, Mrs. M. A. Litttewood, Miss J. Littlewood, Mr. H. L Woolcott, Mr. R. Donald, Mrs. M. Costello, Mr. E. Guinan Mr H Stewart.

APR. 2: Mr. A. G. Smith, Mr. Boettcher, Mr.

Baker, Mr. W. G. L. Gibson, Mrs. D. M. Farnham, Mr. J. McAdam, Mr. T. Sefton, Mr L E Wilson, Mr, E. D. Davis, Mr. N. L. Bonney.

APR. 3: Mr. Pendlebury, Mr. T. J. B. Powell Mr V. F. Kenna, Mr. F. W. G. Anderson, Mrs!

Anderson (and infant), Mr. P. F. Valey, Mr. P.

Gay, Hon. Mr. J. K. Murray, Mrs. E. Murray' Mr. S. Heaney, Mr. F. Fearon.

APR. 6: Mr. R. Donald, Mr. Deanro, Mr. H.

G. Unsworth, Mr. T. Delaney, Mr. R. McEwan Mr. F. Pearson, Mr. L. A. Power, Mr, J. e!

Prince, Mr. F. W. Torrington, Mr. S. Smith Mr. J. Bottin.

APR. 8; Mr. J. Le Page, Mr. H. W. Speedie, Mr. J. R. Landman, Miss J. H. Pitchers.

APR. 9: Mrs. Field, Mrs. Gare (and two children), Mrs. Chambers (and infant), Mr. K.

Baldwin, Mr. L. D. Poland, Miss E. L. C. Gofton, Mr. F. J. Leydin, Mr. M. P. Ninehan, Mr. j’

Barratt, Mr. N. F. Woodcock.

APR. 16; Mrs. E. L. Maberley, Mr. L. P.

Gillies, Mrs. L. M. Evans (and two children), Mr. C. H. Maggs, Miss N. Sefton, Mr. N. J.

Parker, Mr. R. Paul, Mrs. E. M. Moon (and infant), Miss Moon, Mr. J. L. Taylor, Mr. H. G.

Lloyd, Mrs. O. Carter, Mr. W. Norgate, Mr.

Thurston.

APR. 17: Mr. R. H. Cross, Mr. H. G. Strong, Mr. D. Mackay, Mr. J. E. Johnstone, Mr. W. l’

Faulkner, Mr. J. P. Farwell, Capt. A. Campbell.

Mr. A. D. Creswick, Mr. E. Bignold.

APR. 20: Mrs. Barrett, Mr. J. B. Sedgers, Mr.

J. Jullius, Mr. H. N. Cox, Mr. L. E. Thwaites, Mr. J. A. Ewen, Mr. R. E. Dwyer, Mr. G.

Zavattaro, Mr. J. G. Walker, Mr. J. H. Cox.

Mr. Evennett..

APR. 22: Mr. Shorthouse, Mr. Johnston.

APR. 23; Mrs. Armitage, Mrs. Wyatt, Mr.

Pithers, Mr. E. Owen-Turner, Mrs. Balckley, Mr. Barker, Major Wait, Mrs. Mabbolt.

APR. 25: Miss A. Bloomfield, Mr. J. W. Dodd, Mr. A. L. Hope, Mr. A. E. Spence, Mr. D. M.

O’Connor, Mr. W. Beauchamp, Mr. L. A.

Brumby, Miss A Mitchell, Mr. V. A. Watson, Mr. L. Naylor, Mr. F. Patten.

APR. 26: Mr. N. A. Osborne, Mr. Tronson, Dr.

K. W. Gray, Mr. C. Darbyshire.

APR. 27: Mr. J. E. Mayos, Miss Mayos, Mr.

Williams, Mr. Koch, Mr. Skinner, Mrs. B. L.

Jones, Mrs. B. Jarrett (and children).

PASSENGERS who arrived in Australia from New Guinea by Qantas airliner: — MAR. 24: Mr. A. E. Jentzsch, Mr. and Mrs.

C. W. Rundnagel, Col. H. T. Allen, Mr. H.

(ADVT.) Territory of New Guinea

Copra Control Board

Claims for payment of a final dividend in respect of copra delivered to the New Guinea Copra Control Board will be received by the Secretary, Department of External Territories, Canberra, up to June 30, 1946. On this date all claims received will be dealt with, and a final distribution made.

Claim forms are obtainable from the Department of External Territories.

ANNOUNCEMENT..

R. W. TEBB Formerly trading at Salamaua as

Gregor Macdonald

LICENSED AUCTIONEER AND VALUER, CUSTOMS,

Shipping, Insurance And General Agent

returned to NEW GUINEA and commenced operations at LAE IN APRIL

Correspondence Invited

Steamships Trading Company Limited PORT MORESBY SAMARA I PAPUA.

WHOLESALE & RETAIL MERCHANTS, SHIPOWNERS, PLANTERS, ENGINEERS & SLIP PROPRIETORS.

Customs, Shipping, Insurance, and Forwarding Agents MANAGING AGENTS AND VISITING REPRESENTA-

Tives For Coconut And Rubber Estates

SYDNEY REPRESENTATIVES: Nelson & Robertson Pty. Ltd.. 12 Spring Street.

Williams, Mr. R. A. Lea-Right, Mr. T. J. Healy, Mr. A. Livell, Mr. J. Archer, Mr. F. Symes, Mr.

L. R. Horton, Major K. Rowe, Mr. H. H. Rowe, Cpl. M. J. Rogers.

MAR. 29: Lieut.-Col. Perkins, Mr. W. Marshall, Mr. H. D. Calderwood, Mr. L. Logan.

MAR. 31: Sgt. Watson, S/Sgt. Stanley, Mr. R.

G. Tempest.

MAR. 31: Mr. C. W. Macfarlane, Mr. T. G.

Rogasch, Mr. M. McLean, Mr. L. J. Howarth, Capt. W. S. Douglass.

APR. 3: Mr. L. I. Howell, Capt. A. Campbell, Mr. A. Lewis, Mr. L. McVey.

APR. 6: Pte. Beddingfield, Pte. Whitley, Spr.

Johnson, Spr. Hansen, Tpr. Bell, Mr. E. S.

Turner, Mr. S. Evans, Mr. R. J. Cox, Mr. E. E.

Tristram, Mr. A. Stubbs, Mr. L. Williams, Brig.

K. M. Graham.

APR. 7: Mr. J. M. Saville, Mr. R. C. Saville, Mr.

J. D. Simpson, Capt. Burrows, Mr. L. Coleman, Mr. F. S. Maynard, Mr. L. Dodd, Mr. E. Bennion, Lieut.-Col. C. V. Anderson, Mr. E. A. Guinan Spr. Pearce, Mr. C. Heidemann, Mr. V. F.

APR. 10: Mr. H. E, Saville, Mr. G. A. Saville, Kenna, Mr. B. W. Kirke, Mr. F. L. Bowman, Mr. L. H. Bryant, Mr. E. King, Mr. W. Gadd.

APR. 18: Spr. A. A. Brazier, Mrs. F. S.

Stewart, Pastor Campbell, Mr. R, McConnan, Mr. J. M. Ledgertwood, Mr. Garcia, Mr. H.

Woolcott, Chaplain W. J. Fahy, Mr. R. Hughes.

APR. 20: Mr. H. D. Pennell, Mr. F. B. Gaulton, Mr. T. Ward, Mr. G. P. Davern, Dvr. B. G.

Paterson.

APR. 21: Mr. A. J. Garth, Rev. M. A. Warren.

APR. 24: Mr. J. W. Hinks, Cpl. P. L. Jager, Major Miles, Major Brown, Capt. Bruce, Mr. S.

G. Barker.

APR. 26: Cpl. Turnbull, Father B. Mertens, Mr. A. Collins, Capt. Shaw, Capt. Budden, Mr.

G. Kerr.

APR. 28: Mr. G. Bortijson, Mr. J. W. Torrington, Mr. J. Barrett, Mr. J. E. Le Page, Mr.

N. F. Woodcock, Sister Mary Justin, Sister Mary Felix, Sister Mary Taschal, Mr. L. S. Black. (Lists received after May 9 are printed on page 67)

Reconstruction Of Rc

Mission In Rabaul

NEWS of the re-building of the shattered mission stations of the once flourishing Vicariate of Rabaul is coming in fast. Bishop Scharmach, with the aid of the funds of War Damage Insurance, has acquired a large store of materials for reconstruction from both the Australian and American Disposals Commission.

With the help of those missionaries who are strong enough to work after their ordeal of imprisonment under the Japanese —together with a contingent of young Australians—the gallant Bishop is busily engaged in replacing the old Vicariate with one which promises to be even better equipped.

The work will be hard, the years will probably be long before the Bishop and his priests see the end of their labours, but their hopes are high and their prospects bright.

The main lack is, of course, that of personnel—priests, Brothers, nuns—to replace those who are dead or who can’t work any more. However, there is good prospect of new blood coming from Europe; and, at the latest report, several American priests are coming to work in the Vicariate and are reported to be bringing with them seaplanes! —Catholic Mission Magazine.

Bank Deposits In

TERRITORIES CANBERRA, May 2. rE Australian Government has £lOO,OOO deposited in banks in Papua and New Guinea. The £lOO,OOO is part of £215,000 of non-interest bearing deposits in the Papuan and New Guinea banks.

According to the banking bulletin fixed deposits bearing interest total £92,000.

The bulletin reveals that the two territories’ part of Australia’s total deposists of £707,429,000 is only £308,000. New Guinea and Papua’s ratio of advances to deposits is second lowest of the States and Territories of the Commonwealth.

Mr. R, .T. (Dick) Paul, well known on the Salamaua staff of Guinea Airways before the war, returns to Port Moresby by this month’s “Ormiston.” Mr. Paul, formerly a captain in the AIF, has been attached to ANA at Essendon since his discharge from the Army, and now goes to join the staff of Steamships Trading Co., Ltd., at Port Moresby where he spent 10 years of his life, prior to joining Guinea Airways staff in New Guinea. 58 MAlf. 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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Cook Is. Getting Poorer and Poorer But PM Fraser Thinks Islanders Show Good Taste in Migrating to New Zealand From a Special Correspondent AUCKLAND, May 2.

A CONSIDERABLE amount of attention has been focussed on the Cook Islands by a controversy that followed the presenting of a petition to the Prime Minister, Mr. Fraser, and Native Minister, Mr. Mason, on April 24.

The petition, which drew a pathetic picture of the lot of the Cook Islands generally, was presented by Mr. Drury Low, a European resident of the Cooks who is in New Zealand on leave.

The petition which blames the Government fruit control for most of the Group’s ills, states that the Cook Islands are becoming so poor that the young people are flocking to New Zealand to earn a living, and that here they fall into bad living conditions and bad company.

Many of the young girls who have gone to New Zealand have developed TB and have either died there or returned to the islands to die. Under normal conditions they would have remained in the Cooks to raise large families.

It is alleged that the Islanders are not permitted to ship big oranges to the Dominion, but only medium and small fruit—this means a loss of thousands of cases a year—and resulted in the brewing of “bush beer” from the large fruit that would otherwise be wasted. Twenty years ago, it was stated, Aitutaki sent between seven and nine thousand cases of fruit a month to the Dominion, but now the annual shipment does not exceed 250 cases.

The petition urged Government encouragement for the growing of cocoa and coffee: parliamentary representation for the 20,000 Maoris of the Group; raising the present ivages of from 2/6 to 4/- for an eight-hour day; the appointment of more doctors and the “reinstatement” of Dr. Ellison: a service of faster and larger ships and cheaper freights and fruit cases; the repeal of obsolete laws (9 p.m. curfew); the same law for Europeans as for natives (they claim that they are not getting justice in the Courts); and a voice in the appointment of Resident Commissioners who make all other appointments.

MR. FRASER replied to the petition— or, more correctly, to the publicity that the petition received with usual ministerial facility, refuting all of the charges made by the Islanders and proving that they live in a proverbial land of milk and orange juice.

Probably somewhere between the sometimes extraordinary allegations of the petition and the easy denial by the PM, lies the real truth of affairs in the Cook Islands.

Mr. Fraser said that the statements in the petition were “misleading.” It was not surprising that Island people wished to come and live in New Zealand. Many people from other lands wished to do that also!

If the Government fruit control had not proved a success, as the statement alleges, certainly the price to the Cook Islands growers is no failure, for in 1932-36 the average that growers received for oranges was 2/6 a case; in 1939 it was 3/9; and to-day it is 7/-, plus a bonus of 2/- to every grower who is maintaining his output and shinning properly prepared fruit.

The statement that large oranges are refused shipment is also misleading, he said. Oranges large enough to count 96 to a 70 lb. case are handled and most oranges do not come up to this standard.

Mr. Fraser thought also, that the 250 cases referred to as present annual shipments must refer to bananas and not to oranges.

In the past two years an average of 11.000 cases has been shipped from the Cooks to the Dominion, although it was “unfortunately true” that during the war years shipping difficulties interfered with exports.

Wages are at least 50 per cent, higher than the petition claims, and the curfew law was made by the Aitutaki Island Council consisting of the four Ariki, four other members, and the Resident Commissioner. They were free to repeal it at their own discretion. rE president and secretary of what is called the “Cook Islands Progressive Association” then entered the fray.

They stated that the price of 7/-, plus a bonus of 2/- to every grower maintaining his output and shipping properly prepared fruit had not yet been paid, but had been promised for the first shipment this orange season, which would start in May.

The statement by Mr. Fraser that the assertion that onlv 250 cases of oranges were shipped from Aitutaki annually might refer to bananas was incorrect because bananas were exported onlv from Rarotonga, they stated. Further, according to a report presented by Mr. Fraser to the House in July. 1945. no oranges were shipped from Aitutaki during the year 1943-44.

With regard to the Prime Minister’s statement that the Island Council was free to repeal the curfew—they said that no member of the Council was elected and the Commissioner had the power of veto, and therefore they were not free to repeal it.

The engagement has been announced of Mr. H. C. Halliday, formerly of Wau, and now of Milne Bay, to Miss I. Perkins, of Garden Vale, Melbourne.

Atolls Of The Line Islands

THE three principal islands of the newly-constituted Line Islands District of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony are Fanning, Washington and Christmas —three large atolls.

Both Fanning (34 miles of coastline) and Washington (five miles by four miles) are practically covered with rich coconut plantations, all the property of Fanning Island Plantations, Ltd. (Burns Philp & Co., Ltd.). The plantations are worked mostly with Gilbert Islands labour. On Fannins: there are about nine Europeans, in addition to the District Officer (Mr. Robert Major) and the staff of the cable station. On Washington, there are onlv the plantation workers.

Christmas Island plantation is now run by officials of the Gilbert and Ellice Colony. It is a very big atoll—probably the second largest in the Pacific—but the soil is poor, and the coconuts do not flourish. Major Sinclair is in charge. 59 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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SEARSON THE Military Cross has been awarded to Captain J. J. Searson. a Territorian member of ANGAU. for outstanding courage and devotion to duty in the South-west Pacific area.

The citation says: Captain Searson was one of the original members of the ANGAU Task Team which accompanied US Forces when they landed at Aitape on April 22, 1944.

On August 23, 1944, Captain Searson was assigned the mission of accompanying a strong patrol of the Intelligence and Reconnaissance Platoon, Headquarter Company, 103 US Infantry, 43rd Division, USA, which was attempting to contact the Japanese rear element in the vicinty of Taja and the Dandriwad River area.

Captain Searson’s mission was to precede the column with eight native police-boys, and locate large isolated groups of Japanese that were known to be in this area.

Proceeding along a little used Jungle trail, the leading police-bov signalled that the Japs were ahead. Captain Searson, without thought of his own life, and displaying courage to his policeboys, immediately moved to the head of the patrol. Coming to a small clearing, Captain Searson observed about 10 Japanese in spider holes: they had evidently been warned of the patrol’s approach.

Placing his police-boys in a semi-circle facing the Jao position, he ordered them to ooen fire, while he with two others circled to the flank and rear. As he closed in from the flank, the Japs were withdrawing. Acting quickly, leading the police-boys, he charged the Jans, killing a Japanese captain and three others of the party.

This is only one of the many such actions in which Captain Searson displayed courage, daring and sound judgment In co-operating with American troops in this area.

Mr. R. G. Garrett, who had been manager of Panning Islands Plantations, T M. (Fanning and Washington Islands), for «*. vears. arrived in Melbourne recently. by Skymaster plane from Honolulu. He did much to heln the Allies in that part of the Pacific during the war —especiallv the Americans, who then had a verv strongly fortified base at Palmyra Island—and his services were recognised last year, wfien he was awarded the OBP. He new is enioying long leave.

Back in the ’thirties. Mr. Barrett was a RP nlantation manager in New Guinea— in the Ninigo and Witu Groups.

To Study In Noumea

Although for some time during the war it was reported that the Rev. D. C. Alley, formerly of the NZ Methodist Mission on Bougainville, was alive and well in China, it has now been proved that this is not so. He was taken prisoner in Bougainville, sent to Rabaul, and subsequently was lost on the “Montevideo Maru.”

To George Whittaker /CAPTAIN GAVIN GREENLEES, editor of “Guinea Gold,” recently found that his neighbour in Ward 9, of the 118th Australian General Hospital, in Rabaul, was Captain George K. Whittaker, MBE, MID, one-time officer of the New Guinea Administration, and later a plantation owner in the Nadzab district, near Lae, New Guinea. Whittaker was a member of the New Guinea Volunteer Rifles and, later, as a member of the Australian Military Forces, he fought the Japs in many parts of New Guinea.

On one occasion, he was sent up the Markham Valley; and he arrived on the scene of a famous action two days after it had commenced. In that battle, Private Richard Kellaher, of the 25th Battalion, A IF, won the Victoria Cross, and Corporal William Richards the Military Medal.

Action was still proceeding; and Captain Whittaker found that the battleground actually was his own war-torn plantation!

“The following poor verses,” writes Gavin Greenlees, “are my tribute to a man who has given 20 good years to this tough land, fought for it, and risked his health and life for it.”

I penned a poem to my love In a place of fever’d pain, And as the melody I wove Palms bent to tropic rain.

My heart flew out across the sea To you, in cooler clime; My neighbour, tossing restlessly, Unsettled was my rhyme.

The sea beat on a troubled shore — A young land this, and rude: A land of beauty, raucous, raw, Bright, savage, garish, crude.

Where once a young man beauty found Beneath the palm trees’ frond There’s scarce an unscathed inch of ground Out there the bay beyond.

Where once kind Vulcan’s islet reigned Ere belching lava, fire; A sneaking filthy foe ordained More death than Nature’s ire.

Where once he strolled at Sabbath dawn By peaceful, sunlit sea Sky bombings desecrate the lawn — Man kills man’s phantasy.

Where ships of peace once rode the bay, Ships’ graveyards stir the tide; Gaunt sterns and twisted railings say A dirge where men have died.

Dreams Whittaker a bitter dream Of Lae, where boys once cried: They scrambled by the planter’s stream, The planter’s home beside.

A VC in a cocoa grove Was won where bullets hit: Bloodstains in a hallowed cove Where native fires were lit.

The captain also thinks of days In isles he knew the best, Where other men, and other ways, Have faced the terror test.

A peaceful man—a fighter, too — He mourns all those who passed— The sorrow that so many knew In war’s grim, stormy blast.

And now he’ll turn towards the south Another land to woo — Gnarled gum-trees there defy the drouth George! your homeland’s calling you.

Mr. Norman Nelson, of the well-known Islands firm of Nelson & Robertson Pty., Ltd., accompanied by Mrs. Nelson, left Sydney for a trip to the South Pacific in April. They were passengers on the “Matua,” which left Auckland, NZ, on May 2.

A recent photograph of attractive Anatila Nordman, of Tahiti, who has been granted a year’s leave from school-teaching in Papeete to complete her studies in Noumea, New Caledonia.

While in Noumea she will live with her sister Ethel who, some months ago, married Pierre Villebois, Commandant of New Caledonia’s Military Forces. 60 MAY. 1946-PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

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The PCB probably will oversee the reestablishment of the various industries in both Territories, especially planting and mining; and that arrangement apparently places upon the PCB the following direct responsibilities:— • To provide sufficient labour to operate the industries. • To provide sufficient transport to bring in stores and labour, and get produce away to the markets. • To provide finance and security of tenure. • To provide the men engaged in the industries with an income, in the shape either of a guaranteed price or a subsidy—such as the pre-war bounty on rubber, cocoa, etc., imported into Australia from the Territories.

In other words, the Board would have to exercise complete power over the supply of labour, transport and finance.

Position Of Expro Board

rIS inevitably brings in a series of questions relating to Expropriated Plantations (the former German plantations bought on terms by ex-Australian soldiers after World War I) The Expropriation Board still functions —but at present is convulsed with headaches. Here is a typical case: Mr. A bought a plantation in 1926 for £B,OOO. He paid £l,OOO and contracted to pay the balance over the years, the Expro Board holding a first mortgage. A reduced his debt by another £3,000, and then met a copra slump. He went for assistance to one of the Big Firms in Rabaul, and got assistance to the extent of £1,500, the Big Firm taking the second mortgage bearing 7 per cent. The planter struggled along, with ups and downs.

When the Japs came, he owed the Expro Board £4,000 plus interest, and the Big Firm £2,000, plus interest. To-day the War Damage Commission assesses compensation payable at, say, £4,000. Now, what happens to the £4,000? Should it all go to the planter, who is prepared to return and start again? Or has either the Expro Board or the Big Firm a claim upon that sum?

Several such cases have arisen; and the echoes of the arguments have been heard all over the Territory.

Would it not be possible for the PCB, as part of its responsibility for rehabilitation and finance, to take over tne functions of the Expro Board, and deal equitably with all these cases on their merits, holding the balance fairly as between the planter, the War Damage Commission and the mortgagors? It would be quite a sound procedure—always providing that the first consideration is the re-establishment of the planter under conditions which will give nim a chance to recover and become independent.

The Australian Government must either do something like this, or hand over the responsibility for producing, marketing, financing and transport to private enterprise—in other words, to the Big Firms— and the Australian Ministers’ ideas do not incline that way.

Whatever real progress has been made in Papua and New Guinea is due in a large measure to the foresight, courage and energy of well-financed companies.

But that is all forgotten in these days when demagogues spout their endless theories and capitalism runs around like a dog with a tin tied to its tail.

Future Of The Big Firms

UNDOUBTEDLY, there is a future in New Guinea for the Big Firms.

For most Territorians, it is good news that Burns Philp and Steamships Trading are getting ready to re-build their establishments at Samarai, and that Burns Philp are making active preparations to re-open in Lae, Rabaul and Madang. Carpenters also will return to the Manadated Territory, although apparently they do not intend to re-open their retail stores. 62 MAt. 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MORE CIVILIANS RETURN TO NG ( from Page 11)

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But, although there has been a considerable change in policy, Canberra seems determined to limit the Big Firms’ operations as much as possible.

Hence, the PCB must either go on and become big—or go out. The former is much more likely.

For example, Canberra is anxious to encourage planting and trading by natives and groups of natives. There must be some agency connected with “outside,” through which the natives may sell and buy. It must be either the PCB or the Big Firms.

Administration And Pcb

IT is a safe guess that, unless the Australian policy in relation to the Territories is completely re-cast by another Government, the PCB will play a very big part in the Territories in the future.

The question then arises; What will be the future relationship between the Civil Administration and the Production Control Board? Is the Administrator to be the nominal head of the PCB? Or will the Minister retain his present direct control of the PCB and expect the PCB and the Administration to work along parallel lines, the Administration attending to purely Governmental matters, while the Board becomes responsible for the economic development of the country, and matters directly related thereto?

If this is the plan, it is exceedingly interesting. If it is Mr. Ward’s plan, then we must admit in all fairness that “he’s got something there.”

Two Instrumentalities?

rERE has been no greater handicap upon tropical Territories in the past —and Papua and New Guinea are good examples of it—than the fact that responsibility for economic development almost always is laid upon the Administration. It falls upon the shoulders of men who are trained and equipped for Governmental duties, but who, more often than not, have not got the qualities demanded in the effective exploitation of a Territory’s natural resources.

The New Guinea of the Between-Wars period provides a good example. New Guinea, then, was capable of much greater agricultural development than it enjoyed. Yet it had a large Department of Agriculture, staffed by a team of enthusiastic experts. The men in charge of administration were capable and competent, as administrators—but they obviously did not know how to undertake economic development or how to effectivelv use their expensive and valuable Department of Agriculture. If they had been emnloyed and directed by men hard-boiled in tropical commercial life, that Deoartment would have returned rich dividends.

If Mr. Ward nroposes to divide the Territories’ government into two parts, administrative and developmental; and put the latter in charge of thoroughly experienced men, with ample authority, then bis experiment will be watched with keen and sympathetic interest throughout the Pacific.

There is no reason why a tropical Territory should not have two Governmental instrumentalities (instead of one), working side by side, one responsible for administration and the other for development. A few minutes’ thought will show how easily and naturally the Departments of Government could be divided between the two.

Re-Establishment Of Torres

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THE Queensland Government has rehabilitated, in the pearling industry, all the Torres Strait Islanders who have been serving in the Army.

Pearlers are now on a higher wage level than before the war.

Since the war ended the Island Industries Board has purchased 20 luggers and, only recently, another five have been secured. Including nrivate vessels, the fleet now comprises 36 boats.

As all Asiatic labour has been excluded, this should give employment to all former Island soldiers.—“ Pearl.” 63 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

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Sydney in April, he received his QBE at the hands of the Duke of Gloucester, Australia’s Governor-General.

Colonel Allan has been a tenacious fighter for the Returned Soldiers’ organisation; and, thanks to his representations, in Canberra in April, it appears likely that the Administration and the returning Territorians will in future have first call on all surplus equipment and stores in the Territories, through the Production Control Board.

A. J. GASKIN Every Territorian who suffered the horrors of evacuation, and four years’ residence in the Australian jungle, will be happy to hear of the appointment of Mr. A. J. Gaskin.

A veteran of World War I. Mr. Gaskin went to New Guinea many years ago, and eventually settled down as a businessman in Rabaul, where he became the owner and manager of one of the principal hotels. He, like his fellow-member, Mr. McKenzie, was one of the civilians who were almost trapped there by the Japanese invasion; but who, by personal initiative and quick thinking and acting, was able to escape via the South Coast of New Britain.

Unfit for further military service, Mr.

Gaskin took a job in the External Territories Department in Sydney and. thenceforth, devoted himself to the task of assisting, in every way possible, the thousands of unhappy Territories people who had left most of their property— and a large slice of their lives—behind in the Territories.

Every Territorian who was in Sydney during those black years will remember, with gratitude, the services he rendered.

Nothing was too much trouble. Working in association with Mr. Harry Downing (a former District Officer), Mr. Gaskin personally interviewed hundreds of distracted people; and the two of them together worked early and late, until the end of the war, to make Territorians’ conditions better. Their last job (October-December, 1945) was the tragic one of compiling the list of civilians who were lost in Rabaul.

Like Colonel Allan, Mr. Gaskin has been a very active worker on behalf of the returned soldiers’ organisation. £30,000 For "Research"

IN another official statement, on May 11. the Australian Minister, Mr.

Ward, said: • The Australian External Territories Denartment would make substantial contributions towards the South Seas Regional Commission (see article on pages 7-8). ° The Australian School of Pacific Administration (the institution which has functioned successively at Duntroon Holdsworthy and George’s Heights, Sydney) would be moved to Canberra, where it was expected that Colonel J.

R. Kerr (formerly a Sydney barrister) would be nrincipal. The School would be available to the Governments of Britain and New Zealand.

About £30.000 would be spent during the commit year by the Australian Pacific Territories Research Council in making investigations to further the development of Australian Territories, including New Guinea, Papua, Norfolk Island, and Nauru.

EDITORIAL NOTE: The “Australian Pacific Territories Research Council” was something new to the “PIM ” We tried to find out something about its constitution, location, and purpose; but none of the officials we approached in Sydney knew anything about it. One bright lad suggested vaguely that “it may have something to do with the Army show run by young Conlon.” However, whatever it is, it seems to have been entrusted with the expenditure of £30.000 of Australian taxpayers’ money.

Final Contributions N. Guinea Rehabilitation Fund SINCE contributions to the Rehabilitation Fund were last acknowledged in the “PIM,” the following amounts have been received by the treasurer of the New Guinea Women’s Club of Sydney: General Meeting and Social THE Annual General Meeting of the club will be held in the Feminist Club rooms, 77 King Street, Sydney, on Friday evening, July 12. Meeting commences at 8 p.m., and supper will be served at its conclusion.

A get-together evening for all Territorians will be held in the club rooms on June 14. All are invited to come along to meet old friends.

Mr. E. M. Gollan, a well-known member of Amalgamated Wireless staff, returned to Sydney recently after reestablishing radio stations on Nauru and Ocean Island, and has resumed his job of marine inspector. Mr. Gollan was on Nauru when the Japs first attacked in 1941, and he got away in March, 1942.

In an interview, Mr. Gollan very interestingly described the wartime crucifixion of Nauru, and how the new Administrator, Mr. Ridgeway, is carrying out the heavy task of rehabilitation. This will be published here in June.

Chaplain Rodger S. Brown, of the Methodist Mission, who is attached to the 118th Australian General Hospital in Rabaul, has been appointed a part-time chaplain to the New Guinea Infantry Battalion, and is permitted to conduct services regularly among these troops.

Such services, of necessity, have to be conducted in Pidgin English. 64 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY STRONGER PRODUCTION BOARD— ( Continued from Page 12)

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Cruel Waste Of Army Goods

IN PAPUA Civilians' Bitter Criticism of Australian Officialdom By a Returned Papuan Planter rir «. v, SAM ARAI, April 21.

E situation here in Papua is beyond description. The whole set-up has to be seen to be believed—the half of it will never be told.

Enough building material was dumped in Milne Bay to have re-built every town, and all the settlers’ homes in both Territories. Millions of pounds’ worth of valuable material, tools, engines, oil, foodstuffs, paints and gear that it will be impossible to buy for the next two years, and that would have been invaluable for the rehabilitation of the country, has been destroyed.

A lully equipped American hospital was offered to ANGAU, with drugs, instruments, bedding, medical stores, etc.; but no ANGAU officer could be found with sufficient initiative to sign for it, or take it over. Finally, in disgust, the Yanks obliterated it with bulldozers and benzine. I am referring to American Hospital No. 47, at Milne Bay.

It was situated in a beautiful position in the hills, and could accommodate some hundreds of patients. The site has gone back to the jungle.

We are urged to make copra. When the copra is made, we are informed there a shortage of boats, and it cannot be lifted. Yet vessels come out with stores for Government stations, and return to Samarai empty.

Many generous Americans allowed the needy stations to take away useful materials which would have been destroyed, or dumped in the sea The donors have left the Territories. We are now informed this material must be listed and handed over to the Administration.

What claim the Administration can have upon material which it refused to buy from the Americans, and which was given to the settlers to aid in their rehabilitation, is not easy to perceive Officialdom, apparently, would sooner see the gear destroyed.

ANGAU personnel welcomed us back as cheerfully as the Devil would welcome holy water. We did not need to be mind-readers to realise that our room was preferable to our company They perhaps feared we would find out much that ANGAU would prefer hidden' and most of us have found out quite a lot. I am referring to “base-wallahs”— not the boys who did such a good iob against the Japs in the jungles.

The return of the “bloody civilians” to their homes was a nasty knock for some of the privileged gentry of ANGAU—they had hoped their nice, comfortable jobs would have lasted longer.

The budding Anthony Horderns of the RAAF scrabbled in their beards and invented fresh curses; their private trading, at astronomical profits, was drawing to a close. (Where these Army traders obtained their goods is an easy guess.) The settlers, however, receiving Army rations only, had nothing to sell.

Apparently, there were two things for which “returnees” could almost be shot at dawn—writing to editors of papers, and selling goods to natives. Both restrictions have now been lifted, ANGAU having departed. General Morris took his brass band away to New Guinea with him. All he needed to complete the circus was a barrel-organ and a monkey.

PRICES for goods purchased by settlers from Pro-Con Stores no doubt gave Mr. Eddie Ward intense satisfaction.

I paid £4/17/6 for a second-hand shotgun that, in 1941, could have been purchased in any store in Samarai for £2/7/6 new. A bale of copra sacks cost over £3O.

The lowest grade of meat processed in Australia, in case lots, 1/7 per 12 oz. tin.

Where do the profits go?

The shot-gun referred to would cost ANGAU nothing—it would be one of the hundreds of guns taken out of settlers’ homes (for security reasons). Valuable rifles so taken were apparently regarded as “private perks” by the impressors. Inquiry does not reveal their whereabouts.

Moresby natives have been informed that their villages are going to be rebuilt of European materials—estimated cost £168,000. Let the Australian taxpayer put that in his pipe and smoke it!

Given nails, and rations whilst they were on the job, plus a lew tools, aua the natives would have re-established themselves, placed a greater value on their homes, and have benefited in every way by the communal effort. The most suitable houses for natives are those built from local material. Many Europeans prefer them—they are cool in the hottest weather. But who is going to tell Mr. Eddie Ward this?

Mr. Ward’s callous indifference to starving Europe is shown in the quadrupling of the tinned fish and meat ration to native labourers, who were already amply fed on the scale designed by tne late air Hubert Murray. This unnecessary change could have been postponed until times were better.

IF the new Administrator, Colonel j. K.

Murray, has reduced the chaos in Moresby, it is not yet perceptible to “the man in the street.”

In a letter to me. an official writes: “In all my life I have never seen so much lunacy in such a small area.” nowever, having been a member of the “old Administration,” he may be slightly biassed!

In conclusion: I wish to be fair to Mr.

Ward. That Minister has been ill-advised by impractical visionaries and selfopinionated bureaucrats. Between them, they let “Eddie” down badly. I think he is beginning to realise this, at last.

However, with all their hearts the “Returnees” thank God they are out of Australia. Latest arrivals here state it resembles a madhouse, governed by the inmates. In spite of our troubles and difficulties, we are fortunate to be living in Papua.

Mr. E. Craig, Clayfield, Brisbane, intends leaving for Sudest Island (.New Guinea). His wife will follow later.

The Rev. Wesley Pidgeon, popular member of the Methodist Mission in Fiji, is in Adelaide on furlough at present.

Under the new district syscem to oe commenced in Fiji he will have in his charge 200 churches with a staff of five native superintendent ministers, 22 native ministers. and 50 catechists. He will also be youth director for the whole Fijian work, Mr. C. R. H. Nott, who has recently relinquished the post of District Commissioner in the southern and eastern districts of Fiji, arrived at Auckland on the “Matua” on March 19. He was accompanied by his wife, formerly Miss Marion Macfarlane, a well-known Auckland tennis player, and his two children. Mr.

Nott is on his way to England with his family after 10 years’ service in Fiji.

Mr. Harold Gatty, accompanied by Mrs.

Gatty, arrived in Suva, Fiji, by ANA Skymaster on April 10. Mr. Gatty was one of the pioneers of Pan American Airways and has been engaged, in the past year, in re-establishing their transpacific service, scheduled to resume about June this year. His headquarters, in future, will be Suva, where he will be regional manager for PAA.

Broken Hill Pty., Ltd., have taken options on the big New Caledonian iron deposits on the Plaine des Lacs. One corner of these deposits was formerly worked for a few years by the Jananese from the tiny south coast port of Goro.

It appears that the Australian company is seeking assurances that the export tax should npt be such as to interfere with operations should exploitation be decided on. The deposits are nearer Newcastle than the South Australian deposits at Iron Knob. 66

M A *, Ih6-Pacme Islands Monthly

In The Supreme Court Of The

AUSTRALIAN CAriTAL TERRITORY.

No. 5 of 1945.

IN THE MATTER of Greenwood & Laws Limited (In Liquidation) a New Guinea Company.

Creditors and Shareholders of the abovenamed Company are required on or before the 10th day of June, 1946, to send their names and addresses and the particulars of th-ir debts, claims or shareholdings and the names and addresses of their Solicitors (if any) to Richard Arthur Laws, of 211 Military Road, Cremorne. the Official Liquidator of the said Company, and, in the case of creditors if so required bv notice in writing from the said Official Liquidator, are by their solicitors to come in and prove their said debts or claims, at the office of the Registrar of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory at the Patent Office Building. Canberra, at such time as shall be specified in such notice or in default thereof they will be excluded from the benefit of any distribution made before such debts are proved Monday, the Bth day of July, 1946, at 2£o p.m. in the afternoon at the said office is appointed for hearing and adjudicating upon the debts and claims.

DATED this 9th day of May, 1946.

F. C. P. KEANE, Registrar.

Established 1930.

Bankers: Bank of New Zealand, Auckland.

Wm. H. Watson

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MAY 6: Mr. L. C. Buckley, Mr. J. W. Finn, Mr. M. J. Coleman, Mr. H. H. Smith, Mr. L. E.

Thwaites, Miss A. Caswell.

PASSENGERS who left Australia for New Guinea by Qantas Airways:— APR. 30: Mr. W. A. Pearce, Mr. H. H. Smith, Mr. K. Hauritz, Mrs. A. H. Baldwin, Mrs. Love (and infant), Mr. J. H. Love. Mrs. M. Hammond, Col. H. Allen, Mrs. E. A. Bowman, Miss N. Campbell, Rev. L. W. Allen, Mr. C. J. Sefton, Mr. J. D. Richardson, Mr. J. C. Jones, Mrs. D.

M. Jones.

MAY 1: Mr. A. K. M. Edwards, Mr. Jag. Miller, Mr. K. Llewellyn, Mr. K. H. Roberts. Mr. C. V.

Howard, Mr. J. K. Ashton.

MAY 2: Mr. E. J. Slee, Dr. and Mrs. C. M.

Deland (and three children), Mr. J. D. Simpson, Mr. J. C. Dennis, Mr. J. A. Sherringham, Mr.

J. P. Hanrahan, Mr. C. Hilling, Mr. O’Brien, Mrs. M. Baldwin, Mr. L. Coleman, Mr. E. Rowntree, Mr. S. R. Evans, Major C. W. McFarlane, Mrs. G. J. Malcolm, Mr. R. McWhee.

Approximately 100 Indian residents of Fiji were passengers in the Matson liner “Lurline” when she left Suva on March 10. They are on their way to India, via Australia, for holiday visits. A small number of passages from Australia to India have been available in recent months, and some of these have been allotted to applicants from Fiji.

The Story of Roboul A BOOK by Mr. Gordon Thomas, on his 1942-45 experiences—he was one of the half-dozen Rabaul civilians who c'lme out of the Jap invasion alive — all the others are de*d —is in the hands rf the Publishers. This is the reader’s report on it: “The whole of this account is written in an easv. colloquial style, such as one might expect from a man with journalistic experience. Humorous incidents are friven full value, and the robust Australian wit of the prisoners causes many an appreciative chuckle —as also does the choice of nicknames for the various Jap officers. As an account of one small — but, to Australians very important— aspect of the war. and also as a very readable factual storv ‘RABAUL, 1942- 1945/ is well worth publishing.”

French Pacific Colonies

Have Labour Problems, Too

FRENCH colonists in the New Hebrides like nlanters in New Caledonia, are greatly concerned at the loss of indentured Javanese and Indo-Chinese labour.

They declare that native Melanesian labour is insufficient and unsatisfactory, and, in the Hebrides, are inclined to blame the Catholic and Protestant missions as being inimical to the supply of native labour.

For this reason, planters see their sole possibility of salvation in a resumption of recruitment from Indo-China. and are hoping that this will prove possible under the new set-up in that country.

They do not anticipate the further recruitment of Javanese for the French Colonies.

Captain W. Wyeth, who was recently discharged from the Army, intends returning to New Guinea shortly. He will be accompanied by his wife. Prior to joining the Forces, Captain Wyeth was a well-known storekeeper in the Territory, 67 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

Late Passenger Lists

(Continued From Page 58)

Fine Standard oz. . .. .. £10/15/3 oz £9/17/3% (Australian Currency) South Sea, Plantation Sun-dried Hot-air Dried London to London Rabaul Price on— Per ton, c.l.f. Per ton. c.l.f January 1. 1932 ... £14 0 0 £14 15 0 June 17 .. . .. .. £13 2 6 £13 5 0 January 6. 1933 .... £13 0 0 £ 13 12 8 June 30 ... £10 17 6 £11 0 0 January 5. 1934 .... £8 0 0 £8 7 8 June 15 £800 £8 12 8 January 4 1935.. . £950 £10 50 June 7 .. ... £11 15 0 £12 7 8 Jan. 3. ’36 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £14 0 0 Mar. 6 . . £11 15 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 June 5 . £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 0 Sept. 4 . £13 2 6 £13 10 0 £14 12 6 Jan. 8. ’37 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 £22 12 6 Mar. 5 . £19 0 0 £19 5 0 £20 0 0 June 4 . £15 15 0 £15 12 6 £16 12 6 Sept. 3 £13 5 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Jan. 7. ’38 £12 12 6 £12 15 0 £13 12 6 Mar. 4 . £10 17 6 £11 0 0 £12 0 0 June 3 . £9 15 0 £9 15 0 £10 12 6 Sept. 2 . £9 10 0 £9 10 0 £10 10 0 Jan 6. *39 £9 12 6 £9 15 0 £10 10 0 Mar. 3 . £10 0 0 £10 2 6 £11 0 0 June 2 . £10 7 6 £10 10 0 £11 7 6 Aug. 4 . £3 2 6 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 Sept. 1 . £9 10 0 £9 12 6 £10 12 6 Sterling October. 1939—January, 1940 . .. £12 7 6 January-April, 1940 13 5 0 After April, 1940 12 17 6 Fiji Fixed Price, per ton, f.p.b., Fiji Currency Plant’n FMS February, 1942 . ., £15 15 0 £14 15 0 June, 1942 16 0 0 15 0 0 July, 19'42 16 12 6 15 12 6 June, 1944 19 10 0 18 0 0 October, 1S'44 .. 20 0 0 18 10 0 December, 1945 .. 19 7 6 17 17 6 January, 1946 . .. 18 5 6 18 0 0 Hot-air Sun-dried Smoked April, 1942 (Unofficial) £24.

July, 1943 .. £15 10 0 £15 0 0 £14 10 0 October, 1943 18 10 0 18 10 0 17 10 0 July, 1944 .. 19 0 0 19 0 0 18 0 0 FIJI Mid-Mar.

Mid-Apr.

Mid-May Emperor Mines . .. bl3/bl3/9 bl3/9 Loloma .. b25/6 b25/6 b25/6 Mt. Kasl . sl/9 si/sl/- Bulolo G.D

New Guinea

.. bll9/- bl20/bl20/- Guinea Gold ... sll/9 sll/9 sll/9 N.G.G., Ltd s3/6 s3/8 Oil Search .. s5/2 s5/5 s5/9 Placer Dev ... b88/b90/b92/6 Sandy Creek ... .. sl/7 sl/8 sl/6 Sunshine Gold . .. s7/s6/9 b7/6 Cuthbert's PAPUA. .. sl7/sl7/sl7/- Mandated Alluvials s3/6 s3/6 s3/6 Onomo Oil s3/3 b3/- Papuan Aplnaipl . b4/s4/s4/6 Yodda Goldfields N.Q.

N.Q.

N.Q.

London Para.

Smoked Price on— per lb. per lb.

January 6. 1933 4 3 / 4 d 2.43o July 7 . .. 5%d 3.71d January 5, 1934 4V 4 d 4.28d July 6 5Vad 7.06d January 4, 1935 5d 6%d July 5 .. . 5d 7%d January 3, 1936 6 3 / 4 d 6%d June 5 9d 7V 4 d January 8, 1937 1/2 lOVad June 4 lid 9%d January 7, 1938 7V 4 d 7d July 1 6 3 / 4 d 7V 4 d January 6, 1JT39 7d 8Vsd July 7 7%d 8V 4 d January 5. 1940 . 13d 11.6%d July 5 .. . 15d 12 3 / 4 d January 3, 1941 . 13d 12.47y a d April 4 15d 14V#d June 6 16*/sd 13.5%d 4ugust 1 17d 13Vid October 10 —Price officially fixed at 13%d Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 September, 1943 . 1/6 V 2 1/4 1/2 September, 1944 . 1/6% 1/5% 1/3% July, 1944 • .. . 1/4 % 1/3 % 1/1 % Buying.

Selling £ s. d. £ s. d Telegraphic transfer . .. 110 15 0 112 0 0 On demand .. 110 12 6 111 17 6 Buying.

Selling. £ s. d. £ s. d Telegraphic transfer — £125 10 0 On Demand £122 18 9 125 7 fl 30 days 122 8 9 125 2 6 60 days 121 18 9 124 17 « 90 days 121 8 9 124 12 e 120 days 120 18 9 — Purchasers at Full Market Prices on Assay Value of GOLD SILVER PLATINUM And Platinum Group Metals

Some Of Our Services

Assayers & Analysts—

Assays of Bullion, Ores, etc.

Analyses of Metals, Minerals, Alloys, etc.

Scientific & Industrial

METALLURGISTS— Our range of precious metal manufactures covers all industries—Gold and Silversmiths, Electrical Trades, Dental Profession, Glass Sllverers, Electro-Platers, etc., etc.

REFINERS— Purchasers and Refiners of Bullion, Scrap, Mining By-Products, and Trade Residues of every description carrying Precious Metals.

Garrett & Davidson

PTY. LTD. 834 George St., Sydney. Works: Surry Hills and Chippendale, N.S.W.

Official Assayers to the Bank of New South Wales. Gazetted Agents of the Commonwealth Bank of Australia, under the Gold Regulations of the National Security Act.

Islands Produce

(Quotations in Australian Currency) COCOA Official prices for New Hebrides cocoa beans, controlled by the Cocoa, Chocolate and Confectionery Committee, are as follows: Buying: £47/10/- per ton, f.o.b. Island port.

Selling: Delivered Sydney, Melbourne or Hobart, £5B per ton.

Accra: £69/10/- (on wharf, Sydney, all charges oald).

New Guinea cocoa beans: No quotations.

Western Samoa: Last sale reported, Ist quality, £BO (f.0.b., Apia).

Trochus Shell

Many parcels have recently changed hands.

Nominal quotations on May 1 show prices at the following levels: New Hebrides-New Caledonia type, f.a.q., £l3O delivered, Sydney; Straits type, f.a.q., £l5O delivered, Sydney.

COFFEE No purchases are permitted in Australia without the consent of the Tea and Coffee Control Board, to whom all offers must first be submitted. Nominal quotations as follows; New Caledonian: Arabica, £lO4 per ton (c.i.f.

Sydney). Robusta, £B3/10/- per ton (c.i.f.

Sydney).

Mvsore: £240 (c. & f. Sydney).

New Guinea and Papua: £ll2 per ton (c.i.f.e.).

Java: No quotations.

Vanilla Beans

White Label and Yellow Label, 17/2 per lb., c. & f. Sydney.

KAPOK Very little movement in Javanese kapok.

Nominal quotation 2/1 Vz per lb.

Indian kapok is being quoted for indent at 1/6 per lb. c.i.f. stg.

COTTON Controlled in Australia. Stocks being made available to manufacturers at following rates;— For spinning and weaving yarns, 14%d. per lb.; cordage making, ll%d. per lb.; condenser yarn, 12d. per lb.

Ivory Nuts

No firm quotations available.

RICE No quotations.

Green Snail Shell

F.a.q., £126/10/- per ton, in store, Sydney.

Pearl Shell

Australian-controlled price:— “B” Class, £2OO per ton. “C” Class, £l9O per ton. “D” Class. £135 per ton.

Fiji Buying Prices

Suva, April 17 r T'HE following, taken from the “Fiji Times,”

A shows the prices current in Suva on the date mentioned. The prices, of course, are given in Fiji currency, which is 12y 2 per cent, below sterling, and 12 Vz per cent. above Australian.

Copra (Plantation Grade) £lB/15/6 Copra (FMS Grade) £ig Copra sacks, each ' ’ ‘ ‘ 2/7 Kerosene, per gallon " 3/4 Flour, per 150 lb. sack 37/4 y 2 Flour, per 4 lb 1/1 Sharps, per 140 lb. sack 34/10% Sharps, 4 lb \/\ Barbed Wire, ton lots £4O Trocas Shell, per ton £B5 Benzine, per gallon 2/6 On January 28, the price for plantation grade copra was reduced to £lB/5/6 per ton.

This price was decided upon by the Copra Committee. (These prices represent the price per ton paid to producers.)

Price Of Gold

COPRA (AVERAGE RATES, 1932-1939) (Australian Currency) South Sea South Sea Plantation Smoked to Genoa Sun-dried Hot-air Dried London and Marseilles, to London. Rabaul.

Price on— Per ton. c.i.f. Per ton, c.i.f. Per ton, c.i.f.

Copra Prices During World War Ii

The copra market was controlled by Governments from outbreak of war in 1939 until the end of the war in 1945. Controls are still being exercised in the post-war period.

London Fixed Price, per ton, c.i.f., Plantation Hot-air: (Practically all producers received from 30/to 60/- more per ton on realisation.) Australian Fixed Price, per ton, f.0.b., Islands Port, Australian Currency:

Quotations For Mining

SHARES RUBBER Exchange Rates Plantation Papuan Rubber Prices Under Australian Government Control—Payable on Plantation or Nearby Port, per lb., Australian Currency: THE following exchange quotations show the rates existing in mid-April:— FIJI Through Bank of NSW and Bank of New Zealand:—Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buying, £Alll/2/6: selling. £AII3. FIJI- - on basis of £lOO London:—

Western Samoa

Through Bank of New Zealand Australia on Western Samoa on basis of £lOO Samoa: Buying, £ A99/12/6; selling. £AIOO/2/6. Samoa on London on basis of £lOO in London: —

New Guinea And Papua

Only nominal at present.

Free French Pacific Colonies

Buying, 160; selling, 163; francs to Aust. £. 68 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

PACIFIC Bankers: Bank of America (Main Office) San Francisco.

Islands Trading

COMPANY ■W ■ ■ mm mm ■ san francisco 244 CALIFORNIA STREET, SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., U.S.A. and_

(Wholesale Only)

Typewriters Of Distinction

/ At m L. C. Smith and Smith-Corona For Durability and Performance TEXTILES.

LIQUOR.

PRODUCE.

STATIONERY.

LADIES’ WEAR.

CANNED GOODS.

BUTTONS.

CHILDREN’S WEAR.

MEN’S WEAR.

FURNITURE.

HARDWARE.

TYRES AND TUBES.

FOODSTUFFS.

ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT.

BUILDING EQUIPMENT.

LUMBER.

AUTOMOTIVE PARTS.

RUBBER HOSE, BELTING, MACHINERY.

BARBER’S CHAIRS.

CIGARETTES, TOBACCO.

And The Well-Known National Electric Appliances

69 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY -MAV, 1946

Kangaroo Brand

Ropes, Cordage, and Twines for every purpose Backed by 86 years of service Manufactured by: M. DONAGHY AND SONS, Pty. Ltd., Geelong and Sydney.

Fiji Representatives: PEARCE AND CO.

LIMITED P.O. BOX 237, SUVA Woven Wire for all Industry COPRA DRYING TRAYS, FLOORS, Etc.

FRUIT DRYING TRAYS, MINING SCREENS.

Heavy Mosquito Gauze in Phosphor Bronze and other Metals Impervious to Salt Sea Air.

Wire Door Mats And General Wire Works

E. WRIGHT & CO. LTD.

Office and Works: 148-152 Cleveland Street, Sydney, N.S.W.

Telegraphic Address: “Wrightmake.” Chippendale.

CARLTON BREWED BY UNITED BREWERIES LTD.

Refreshing as a plunge into a lagoon!

I D' AL r on 1 ? soap Germicidal and fragrant

Tenax Toilet Soap Is

a rapid safeguard against external skin infections, yet it is soothing and kind to the most sensitive skin —even a baby’s!

Order Tenax From

YOUR ISLAND SUP-

Pliers. Stocks Are

PLENTIFULLY AVAIL- ABLE. 70 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

William Atkins pt y . un.

Head Office 449-451 KENT ST., SYDNEY.

Iron & Steel Merchants-Engineers' Supplies

Established Over 50 Years

Coach & Motor Hardware Cable Address: WTLATKIN, Sydney.

— Steel Department

MILD STEEL: Rounds, Squares, Flats, Half-rounds, Hexagons, Bevel, Shoeing, Tyre, Angles, Tees, Sheets, Plates, Girder Plates, Chequer Plates, Channels, Hoops, Etc.

BRIGHT STEEL: Rounds, Squares, Hexagons.

Extra Special High Speed Tool Steel, Mining Steel, Blister Steel and Spring Steel, Rounds, Flats £r Squares.

Bar Iron—All sections and sizes.

Engineers' Supplies: Set Screws, Studs, Metal Thread Screws, Coach Screws, Files, Cotter Pins, Bright and Black Bolts, Rivets, Etc., Hack Saw Blades.

Power Transmission Gear: Including Plummer Blocks, Couplings, Collars, Etc.

Coach and Motor Hardware: Axles, Springs, Wheelstuflf, Duck, Paints.

Farriers' Supplies: Horse Nails, Anvils, Vices, Etc.

Motor-Trimmers and Motor Builders' Cr Motor Painters' Requirements C. A. WILLEY'S Quick-Drying Coach and Car Paints, Roughstuff, Elastic Gloss, Synflex Enamels, Lacquers DUCO Lacquers and DULUX Enamels—FAßßEX Motor Toppings and Leather Cloths, House & Decorators' Paints, Varnishes & Brushware.

Sole Distributors of CHAMPION'S Decorators Paint Products.

Distributing Agents for BROLITE Lacquers, SYNFLEX Enamels and "POLYGLOSS" Finish. rasaur

Diesel Engines

WIDDOP 5 H.P. to 500 H.P.

H. WIDDOP & CO., LTD. greeng e^ e la^d ,ghley Telephone : Keighley 3727-8 :: Telegrams : Widdop Keighley Codes A.B.C. 6th Edition, Bentleys, Bentley’s Second We are prepared to consider Agencies for certain territories A \\A \ Motor Coaster S. America. / Fi refloat Egypt T~l Passenger Ferry I Nigeria Tug, England Passenger Boat, Middle East 71 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946

All over the British Empire, every minute of every day, more and more smokers are saying, “Better buy Capstan (tobacco and cigarettes)—they're blended better."

CAPSTAN TOBACCO and CIGARETTES 72 MAY, 1946 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY Published by PACIFIC PUBLICATIONS PTY. LTD., Union House. 247 George Street, Sydney. (Telephone: BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed In Australia by the Sydney and Melbourne Publishing Co. Pty. Ltd., 29 Alberta Street, Sydney. (Telephone: MA 710 K

A Tropical Thirst demands a Satisfying Drink IN A COOL I 1 t^STRAU

*Lo* The Finest M Al

| IOTTLEO • * $ ' OOTH & CO.. LI Ml

Syon E Y- Australi

that’s why KB is so popular south of “the All through the tropics, wherever there are men who like good beer, you'll always find KB. It's the drink that men appreciate —a drink just made to satisfy a tropical thirst 1 5i H 3 E J TOOTH'S KB LAGER.

MAY, 1546 PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY

»

Merchants, 8C Ship Owners

Capital £l/000,000 ESTABLISHED 1914 it it

Copra Merchants & Millers

Branches Throughout The Pacific Islands

REGULAR CARGO AND PASSENGER SERVICE BETWEEN EUROPE AND

Pacific Island Ports Was Established By

W. R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD.

Head Office: 16 O'CONNELL STREET, SYDNEY.

Cable Address: CAMOHE.

Telephone: BW 4421.

Postal Address: P.O. Box No. 168, Sydney.

PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY MAY, 1946