Pacific Islands Monthly

Vol. VII, No. 1 ( Aug. 19, 1936)
1936-08-19 · uncorrected OCR from NLA scans

PACIFIC ISLANDS Monthly Vol. VII.—No. 1 Aii n§ t If), lf):*« at the G.P.0., Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper .] 6 d Tahitian Girl Among the Beautiful, Night-Blooming Cereus of Tahiti.

Photo: J. Foster

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Pacific Islands Travellers

PASSENGERS PER MORINDA WHICH AR- RIVED IN SYDNEY FROM NEW HEBRIDES.

Norfolk Is., And Loi Howe Is., On

JULY 15: Messrs. Andrews, ’ams, Bennett (2), Bradley, Egar, Chisholm, ( sen, Clews, Coy, Dewey, Eedy, Flood, Kitch ; Kirkby, MacDonald, Martin, Oppey, Tuidrak ndells, Sandilands, Vail, Wilson, Wong Ka King -sdames. Andrews Bennett (2), Hickson, Jew Johnson, Ogilvie Sandells, Tindale; Misses Cl Dobbin, Dunne, Mahoney, Studman, Tindale.

Passengers Per Monterey, Which

Sailed From Sydney For Suva, Fiji, On

JULY 22. —Mr. Barnes, Miss M. Brodribb, Mrs.

W. Coleman, H. J. C. Connolly, Mr. and Mrs. W.

J. Cragg, Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Crawley, W. P.

Heffernan, J. I. Hill, Mrs. M. Hill, Mrs. M.

McMahon, Misses A. M., P. R., and F. McMahon, Miss K. Nairn, N. Nilsen, Mr. and Mrs. W. Podmore, Mrs. M. V. Rethers, Mr. and Mrs. J. J.

Sullivan, Misses M. M. and M. T. Sullivan, Mrs.

D. M. Thompson, A. L. Wright, M. J. A.ntilla, C. S. Hardingham, M. K. Healy, R. C. Heinrich, F. Hobart, E. Mann, Mrs. A. L. May, Miss A.

May, Master O. May, Mr. and Mrs. G. Pinkerton, Masters D. and R. Pinkerton, H. Ritchie, Mrs.

F. Saker, E. Storck, Mrs. N. Tarte, Miss J.

Tarte, E. Tastula, Miss D. C. Walker, Miss K.

Young.

PASSENGERS PER MONTORO WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From Papua And New

GUINEA ON JULY 24; Messrs. Austin, Batze (2), Brown, Crawford, Cooper, Chapman, Croghan, Davis, Davies, Foley, Forrester, Gallin, Gofton, Hiles, Hockey, Howard, Johnstone, Mears, Michell, Newman, Priest, Packer, Patten, Pender, Rosser, Reynish, Serafini, Shove, Strong, Tarvasso, White, Wellburn; Mesdames Brown, Florence, Fay, Gregory, Gribben,' Grant, Hart, O’Dea, Packer, Redford, Strong, Wright, White; Misses Blake, Dwyer, Kropp, Williams.

Passengers Per Montoro, Which

Sailed From Sydney For Papua And

NEW GUINEA ON JULY 29: Messrs. Anderson, Alerton, Brodie, Burns, Bennett, Bretag, Bland, Bunting, Budden (2), Cowan, Cooper, Crawford, Cox (2), Chapman, Curtain, Davies, Dalgeish, Fitch, Fraser, Gendron, Graham, Gilchrist, Grey, Gross, Gray, Green, Gibbs, Hanley, Hides, Hodgson, Hitchcock, Horton, Ignold, Joubert, James, Johns, Kennedy, Lyall, Lee, Lapham, Lowcock, Lilley, McPhee, Mayman, Macauley, Meyers, Melvaine, Monck, Morrisey, Milne, Mitchell, Naulty, O’Connor, Parsons, Parer, Parker, Ryerson, Reid, Shade, Searle, Savage, Townsend, Tunstall, Tupling, Thompson, Thornley (2), Vertigan, Williamson, Watson, Wilkinson, Walsh, Webb, Wells, Wells, Weir, Wayne, Wormold, Wain; Mesdames Bonney, Brewer, Champion, Cooper, Chambers, Hallam, Henderson, Horton, Lyons, Mitchell, Nibloe, O’Brien, Oakley, Ross, Stevens, Stephens, Thompson, Vertigan, Wilton, Weir, Wayne; Misses Brechin, Crabb, Downing (2), Etherington, Hide, Jericho, Neary, O’Keefe, Rogers, Spratt, Sisters Paul, Pancratius and Catherine.

PASSENGERS PER MALAITA WHICH AR- RIVED IN SYDNEY FROM N.G. AND SOLO- MON IS. PORTS ON JULY 31: Messrs. Affleck, Alt, Blair, Blyth, Broad, Clarke, Donnelley, Ely, Davidson, Gorringe, Garrett, Green (2), Gilbert, Ledoux, Lavis, Maguire, Parry, Phillip, Sester, Thomson, Warren, Yarrow; Mesdames Blyth, Edwards, Ely, Ferguson, Green (2), Hatersley, Johnson, Phillip, Scheps, Warren; Misses Bone, Burrows, Caldwell, Devir, Dagnall, Fitzgerald, Forsyth, Forster, Kerr, Midgeley, O’Leary, Patrick, Studders, Weimer, Warren (2).

PASSENGERS PER MORINDA WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From Norfolk And

LORD HOWE ISLANDS ON AUGUST 4: Messrs.

Alexander, Beatty, Bucknell (2), Carmichael, Hanke, Jacobs, Jones, Kay, Morris, MacDougall, MacGilvray, Quintal, Seagrove, Snelling, Weihen, Williams; Mesdames Bradly, Hanke, Jones, Lorenzo, McKinley, MacGilvray, Stopp, Williams; Misses Edwards, McMann, Rule, Smyth, Stanford.

Wise, Wood (2).

Passengers Per Malaita Which

Left Syouey For Solomon Islands

AND N.G. PORTS ON AUGUST B:—Messrs.

Ault, Anderson, Beaumont, Cambridge, Crichlow, Costello, Davis, Drakeford, Hogg, Higgins, Hill, Joyes, Massy-Burnside, Mankeltow, Mac Stewart, MacPherson, Moore, Patten, Short, Smith. Surr.

Turnbull Withy. Mesdames: Anderson, Catell, Dickie, Drakeford, Hogg, Herridge, Lee, Massey- Burnside, Mac Stewart, Machin, MacPherson, Short, Sylvester, Thackeray. Misses: Anderson (2), Bryde, Clarke, Drakeford (2), Devir, Fitzgerald, Herridge, Manning, Sleeman (2), Totenhofer.

Passengers Per Morinda Which

Sailed From Sydney For Lord Howe

Is., Norfolk Is., And New Hebrides On

1 JGUST 8: —Messrs.; Arnott (2), Adams, Brunning, Bramble, Brocklebank, Cahill, Crompton, Cook, Crossan (2), Dewey, Donald, Dunlop, Davis, Eagles, Frizelle, Greenland, Goyen, Gray, Hemsworth, Inch, Johnson, Kenny, Keysell, Lee, McCormick, Oliver, Peoples, Peate, Pepper, Quaim, Ross, Stokes, Selden, Schweitzer, Sutherland, Turnbull, Wiltshire, Willoughby, Westwood, Wilson, Wise, Walker, Walmsley. Mesdames: Anderson, Byrnes, Crane, Christian, Frizelle, Freeman, Hill, Johnson, Lingan, Oliver, Ross, Willoughby, Westwood, Wilson. Misses: Anderson, Donald, Grugeon, Hickey, Haddad, Kelly, Mullin, Shoobridge (2), Thew, Tarplee, West.

Passengers Per Aorangi Which

SAILED FROM SYDNEY FOR SUVA, FIJI, ON AUGUST 13:—Sir Colin Fraser, M. B.

Hamer, G. S. D. Beresford, Miss I. Bravery, Miss B. Ingram, Dr. J. B. Stern, J. G. Grant, H.

Clark, Mr. and Mrs. Harrison, Miss A. E. Fraser, Mr. and Mrs. R. E. Belgarnie, Mrs. E. A. Humphries and infant, R. McCullagh, Mr. and Mrs.

W. G. Gilchrist, Miss J. Livingstone, Mrs. F. R. O.

Livingstone, Miss A. Clark, F. Banfield, S. W.

Meeks, A. Cadlolo.

PASSENGERS PER MACDHUI WHICH AR-

Rived In Sydney From Papua And New

GUINEA ON AUGUST 13; Messrs. Ashcroft, Avery, Ball, Banks, Binns, Bird, Blacket, Brown, Clark, Collins, Ellis, Evans, Foege, Guinan, Heape, Laurence, Letton, Lock, McLennan, Marshall, Martin, Marr, Murray, O’Malley, Peacock, Prudence, Reynolds, Roberts, Sibley, Simson, Skelly, Smith, Speakman, Steeples, Stein, Sullivan, Swanson, Thomas, Waugh, Yates; Mesdames Ball, Brown, Goodwyn, Heape, Lane, Laurence, McLennan, Marr, Millar, Peadon, Pye, Ray, Rich, Royle, Skelly, Swanson, Waugh; Misses; Laurence, Lord.

Passengers Per Neptuna Which

Sailed From Sydney For New Guinea

ON AUGUST 15: Messrs.: Armstrong, Broadbent, Downham, Flower, Graham, Higgs, Melrose, Mc- Kenzie, Newman, Neale, O’Sullivan, Phillips, Pass, Peddie, Pasley, Parfit, Sherwood, Vesters; Mesdames: Armstrong, Fleetwood, Greenwood, Halliday, Melrose, McKenzie, Newman, Pass, Peddie, Sherwood, Wright; Misses: Fleetwood (2), Mc- Kenzie, Peddie, Sherwood, Taylor.

Mr. Arthur Sefton, nephew of Mr. T. L.

Sefton, of Koitakinumu Plantation, Sogeri, Papua, where he was employed as assistant, died suddenly on July 29. He was a Queenslander and was only 20 years of age. 1 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Drug Ltd 12 Elvy & Co. Ltd. . . 26 Eno’s Fruit Salt . . 63 E.S.C.A. Ltd 57 Everyday Products Ltd 16 “Fairholme” College 26 Finau, Wm 27 Fletcher & Son , . 42 Page Florentine & Son . 53 Ford, Sherington Ltd 30 Ford, Walter .... 12 Ford, W. M 33 Freeman’s Sports Store 59 Fryer, A. C 66 Garden Vale Products Ltd 38 Garrett & Davidson 69 Gillespie’s Flour . . 38 Goodwin, A. E. ... 71 Grand Pacific Hotel 67 Guinea Airways Ltd iii Halvorsen, L 79 Hardie & Co. Ltd. 49 Hardy & Co., R. M. 24 Harper, M 34 Holbrook’s Ltd. . , 39 Holden’s Air Co. . 80 Horne. W. & Co.

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Q 14 Mcllrath’s Ltd. ... 20 Mclntyre & Co., T. 44 McKay, D 14 Maleham & Yeomans Ltd 30 Master Sewing Machine Co. ... 42 Maxwell Porter Ltd. 48 Melbourne Hotel . . 66 Morrison & Co. Ltd. 33 Page Morris, Hedstrom Ltd 69 Mungo Scott Ltd. . 36 N.D.L 78 Nelson & Robertson Ltd 16, 69 Nestle’s Milk .... 40 New Brit. Express 52 Newlands Bros. Ltd. 43 Noyes Bros. Ltd. . 23 “Oceania” 28 Pacific Hotels .... 54 Pacific Taxi Service 66 Pacific Year Book . 72 Patterson & Stone 65 Paul & Gray Ltd. . 49 Peel & Sons, H. . . 37 Pike Bros. Ltd. , . 18 Position Wanted . . 61 Page Prescott Ltd 55 Price’s Radio Serv. 25 Prouds Ltd 23 Ramsden ....... 20 Ransomes, Sims & Jeffries, Ltd. ... 64 Reed, Wm. E. ... 42 Reid, W. M 47 Rohu, Sil ........ 29 Royal Packet Co. . 1 Royalty Traders Ltd. 75 Russell, S 45 Ruston & Hornsby 60 St. Ignatius’ College 18 Samson, A, J 12 Scott & Bowne Ltd. 19 Scott Ltd., J 46 Scott & Sons .... 64 Shell Oil Co. Ltd. . 51 Page Smyth Co., J. H. . 19 Springwood L. Coll. 13 Stanley, Chris. ... 21 Steamships T. Co. . 74 Sterling Varnish Co. 11 Swallow & Ariell . 55 Sydney Steel Co. . . 70 Taubman’s Paints . 34 Taylor & Co., A. . . 74 “Tenax” Soap .... 13 Tilley Lamp Co. Ltd. 25 Tillock & Co. Ltd.. 21 Tisdalls 68 Tooheys Ltd 17 Tooth & Co iv “Top Dog” Men’s Wear 1 Trufood 24 Tudor Hotel 13 Page Vacuum Oil Co. Ltd. 31 Vincent’s A.P.C. . . 17 Walker-Flynn, Mrs. 62 Watson & Sons Ltd.. W. 12 Waugh & Josephson Ltd 7 3 Weymark & Son . 37 Wheeler, B. R. ... 71 White Star Taxis . 68 Wills, W. D. & H. O. 29 Williams Ltd., S. . 50 Williams, W. H. . . 64 “Wolaroi” College 78 Woods Ltd., W. E. 75 Wright & Co 58 Wright & Co., E. . 34 Yorkshire Insurance Co. Ltd. ...... 68 Contents Page Pacific Islands Travellers 1 A “Goodwill Mission” in Samoa .. 3, 5 25 Norfolk Is. Carries On 4 Archbold Expedition in Papua .... 4, 28 Copra Outlook 4 Future of Fiji Gold !!!.!!!.! 5 Check to Hides Expedition 5 Papua’s Treasure 6 Cook Is. Fruit Inquiry 7, 29 “Commercial Cockroaches” in Apia .. 7 Mr. O. F. Nelson Returns to Samoa .. 8 Tropicalities n About Islands People 12 Pacific Education Conference 15 Husbands and Wives on Rapa 18 Search for Gold in Western Papua . . 20 L.M.S. Missionaries’ Graves Restored in Tahiti 21 “New Guinea-itis” 33 Pacific Air Services 36, 65 Marquis de Rays’ Expedition 37 The Marshall Islands 50 Years Ago .. 38 Page Pages from the Past —The Pitcairners Return to Tahiti 41 8.5.1. Council’s Session 44 Sandalwood in the South Seas 47 How the Germans Silenced Fanning Island Cable Station in 1914 50 Solomon Islands News 53 Samoan Living Conditions 56 New Constitution for Fiji Council ... 68 “De-Bumdng” the Early Missionaries 60 Fashion Hints for Islands Women .. 63 Guinea Airways’ New ’Plane 66 Sampan Examined by Fiji Governor . 67 Natives Attack N.G. Patrol 68 Pacific Islands Mining Reports 69 Maui Pomare Gains Notoriety 72 W. R. Carpenter and Co.’s Annual Report 74 Islands Produce and Exchange 76 Market Quotations 77 South Seas Shipping Service 78 2 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Pacific Islands Monthly The Newspaper-Magazine of the South Seas [Registered at the G.P.O. Sydney, for transmission by post as a newspaper.'] Published Once Each Month and Circulated in Australia and New Zealand and in the following Pacific Territories and Island Groups: Crown Colony of Fiji.

Australian Territory of Papua.

Mandated Territory (Australia) of New Guinea, Bismarck Archipelago and Northern Solomon Islands.

Mandated Territory (Japan) of Marshall, Caroline and Marianna Islands.

French Territory of New Caledonia.

British and French Condominium of New Hebrides.

American Territory of Eastern Samoa.

American Territory of Guam.

Mandated Territory of Nauru.

British Crown Colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands.

Mandated Territory (New Zealand) of Samoa.

British Solomon Islands Protectorate.

British Protectorate of Tongan Islands.

New Zealand Territory of Cook Islands.

Australian Territory of French Colony of Oceania (Tahiti, etc.).

American Territory of Hawaiian Islands.

Owned and Produced by Pacific Publications Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney TELEPHONE BW 5037 P.O. BOX 3408 R Registered Address of Telegrams, Radiograms, and Cables: “PACPUB,” Sydney.

Contributions Articles, Stories, and Photographs dealing with Pacific Islands subjects are invited, and will be paid for on publication at usual rates.

Subscription Rates Per Annum, within British Empire, Prepaid, Post Free 6/- Pcr Annum, elsewhere, prepaid. Post Free 8/- Single Copies 6d.

Editor and Publisher: R. W. ROBSON. F.R.G.S.

ADVERTISEMENTS Advertising rates furnished on application.

Colours, etc by Arrangement.

Process Blocks made at Advertiser’s expense when required. Screen, 100.

Changes of Advertising Copy should reach this Office by Bth of each month, otherwise previous advertisement may be repeated.

AGENTS The following are authorised to receive subscriptions for the Pacific Islands Monthly:— Islands Branches of Burns, Philp & Co., Ltd., and Burns Philp (South Sea) Co., Ltd.

Islands Branches of W. R. Carpenter & Co., Ltd.

All Branches of Morris, Hedstrom & Co., Ltd.

G. Thomas & Co., Rabaul, New Guinea.

Whitten Bros., Ltd., Saraarai, Papua.

P. Costello, Suva, Fiji.

J. Muir, Suva, Fiji.

All Branches and Representatives of W. H. Grove and Sons, Ltd., Auckland, New Zealand.

S. Russell, Papeete, Tahiti.

Cook Islands Trading Co., Rarotonga, Cook Is.

W. H. Watson, Rarotonga, Cook Is.

Representative in London: W. C. HARVEY, Coronation Building, 4 Lloyds Avenue, London, E.C.2. from whom may be obtained copies of Pacific Islands Monthly, Pacific Islands Year Book. advertising schedules, etc.

Vol. Vll., No. 1.

Sydney, August 19, 1936 PI 6d ' Per Copy * I riCc | Prepaid; 6/- p.a.

A “Goodwill Mission” In Samoa

'J’HE N.Z. Government’s “Goodwill Mission” to Samoa (Mr. Langstone, Minister for Lands, and Mr.

O’Brien, Chairman of the Parliamentary Committee on Native Affairs) returned to New Zealand on August 3, and issued to the New Zealand newspapers a statement claiming that, “as the result of our visit the mistrust, grievances and misunderstanding of the past have been cleared away and Samoa today is a united people determined to work in harmony with the Administration.”

The Minister said that the following ordinances, “repugnant to the Mau,” had been repealed:— The Samoan Offenders Ordinance, 1922, under w hich the Administration was empowered to banish individuals from their villages and to cancel Samoan titles.

Native Personal and Medical Tax Ordinances.

The proclamation under which the Mau was de dared a seditious organisation.

Restrictions upon free movement of individuals within the territory.

The Government had decided also to cancel arrears of native personal and medical taxes, amounting to almost £28,P00, to remit the balance of the term of exile imposed on Mr. O. F. Nelson, and to increase by 6d. a case the price paid by the Administration to banana exporters, of whom 60 per cent, are Samoans.

The Mission announced that thereafter it had reached “a complete understanding with the native people,” on the following basis:— Increase the number of Samoan representatives on the Legislative Council from two to four.

Pay to members of the Legislative Council, other them official members, an honorarium of £5O per annum.

Pay to fautuas (native advisors to the Administrator) an honorarium of £lOO per annum.

Arrange for the setting up of a finance committee, consisting of three representatives of the Samoan race and one of the European community, before which committee will be placed full information about public accounts, revenue, taxation, and expenditure.

Publish in “Savali” (the Samoan Gazette), in the native language, full information about the public accounts.

Make provision for the Legislative Council to disclose the estimates of the territory prior to despatch to New Zealand for the approval of the Government, and to forward recommendations by the council in regard to revenue and expenditure.

Revoke immediately the present fono of faipules (native advisory council), and to arrange the reelection on September 30 next, so that, with the Mau participating, the fono will be fully representative of the Samoan people.

Extend the present system of education in the administration of schools by providing for free tuition, a higher standard of education and the establishment of secondary schools.

Extend the present hospital and central system throughout the territory with the view of bringing medical and hospital treatment within the reach of every Samoan.

Secure the services of a qualified dentist to provide free dental treatment for school children, and with a view later of establishing a complete school dental system for the mandated territory.

Arrange for the taking of a census at the end of the year.

The Minister, in his official report, made no reference to a most important decision; but his colleague, Mr.

O’Brien, announced that “the repatriation of Chinese and Melanesian labour at present in Samoa will be commenced by the New Zealand Government during the coming 12 months.

“Over 200 Chinese would leave Samoa in less than 12 months and other drafts of Chinese and Melanesians would be made from year to year until all outside labour had been removed. The delegation had formed the opinion that the Samoans could easily be brought to become industrious and, under proper Government supervision, could be allowed to work out their own destiny.”

Reference to this matter of Chinese labour will be found elsewhere 3 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

in this issue. If the Chinese are removed, and the planters are not supplied with other labour (neither Samoans nor half-castes can be depended upon to supply workers when they are most needed) the European 1 planting industry in Samoa will receive its final coup de grace, and there inevitably will develop an agitation for the removal of the Mandate from New Zealand.

The N.Z. Mission achieved nothing in Samoa that is likely to bring about political peace or economic advancement. The reforms which were ordered were necessary, and long overdue, but they reached nowhere. The delegation’s recommendations amount simply to a plan for giving the native Samoans a larger voice in the Legislative Council (purely an advisory body), and for enlarging the education and hospital services, which must mean a considerable increase in the cost of administration.

These things do not even touch the root of Samoa’s troubles —which may be found in the large half-caste population and in New Zealand’s failure to develop the country on sound economic lines —and there is no indication of how the increased costs are to be provided. Instead, by depriving the planters of labour, the Minister proposes to reduce considerably the productive capacity of the country. The Minister’s attitude towards the planters indicates that he recognises no responsibility on the part of N.Z. for the proper development of this rich Territory.

The “Goodwill Mission” did not achieve much goodwill. It may be taken as certain that there will be further political trouble among the natives—there were signs of it even before the Mission was back in Wellington. It was apparent that Messrs. Langstone and O'Brien knew nothing of tropical islands conditions generally, and especially were they ignorant of the peculiarities of the Dominion’s obligations in Samoa. They had no idea of how to approach the natives. The Editor of this journal, who was in Samoa at the time, heard those two well-intentioned gentlemen one morning making a series of addresses to the children in the native schools. Each “missioner” spoke in each school for at least ten minutes, delivering in English a kind of politico-economic sermon. And it is doubtful whether those little native children knew more than 20 words of English among them!

There is a large and growing body of European opinion in Samoa in favour of a transfer of the mandate to Britain. The natives, of course, want a kind of protectorate, similar to Tonga; while the half-castes (mostly German - Samoans) are anxious to be parted from New Zealand. All interests probably would be happy if Samoa were brought under the British Colonial Office, through the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, w r ho already governs or supervises Fiji, Tonga, Solomons, New Hebrides and the Gilbert and Ellice Groups in a very efficient manner.

Norfolk Is. Carries On

'P'CONOMIC conditions in Norfolk Island have been receiving attention lately.

At one time Norfolk Island sold very large quantities of fruit to New Zealand.

Then New Zealand put an embargo on Australian fruit and as Norfolk Island is an Australian territory the embargo applied to N. 1., and the trade with New Zealand was killed. Australia appealed to the New Zealand Government, pointing out that mainland conditions do not apply to N. 1., but New Zealand, being embarrassed with the need for absorbing oranges and bananas from the Cook Islands and Samoa, left the ban on Norfolk Is.

When the new Labour Government came into power in New Zealand an appeal was made by Australia against the ban; and the matter is now under consideration.

Recently it has been suggested that N.I. should be taken from Australia and placed under New Zealand control. It was pointed out that there is no market for N.I. produce in Australia, but that New Zealand always will take oranges and bananas.

Norfolk Island, having been desperately up against it in recent years, has found other means of carrying on. A butter industry has been established, which produces 5001 b. of butter every week; and there has been a remarkable extension of the business of growing passion fruit.

Mr. G. A. Flack, who operates a chain of grocery stores in the Manly district of Sydney, has established a factory in Norfolk Is. for the canning of passion fruit, which grows luxuriantly there; and it appears as if this new industry will flourish.

Hon. P. F. Boyd, Postmaster-General in Fiji since 1928, has been transferred to Northern Rhodesia as Postmaster of that Colony. He left Suva by the Niagara on July 24.

Mr. Franz Stehr, an old identity of New Guinea, died after a short illness in Namanula Hospital at the end of July, aged 84.

Mr. Stehr first went to the territory from Samoa in 1898; prior to that he had been living in Tonga. For some years he and his wife conducted the Tivoli Hotel at Apia.

Far Up Fly River

The Archbold Expedition From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Aug. 1.

THE launch Maira, carrying provisions to assist the advance party of the Archbold Expedition, which is returning from the headwaters of the Upper Fly (Dr. Rand, Messrs. Brass, Tate and Willis and Patrol Officer Healy and police) had got only as far as Alligator Island on July 30, 150 miles up the Fly River, owing to strong currents and heavy weather and trouble with the engine.

It is understood that the Ronald 8., carrying the advance party of Mr. Ward Williams’ mining expedition, after they have secured recruits up the Ramu river, will go to the Maira on the Fly, and get in touch with the Archbold party at D’Albertis Junction, where they are expected to arrive on rafts.

The Maira will return to Port Moresby and the Ronald 8 ., after landing Mr. Williams’ party at their base camp, above D’Albertis Junction, will bring the Archbold Party to Daru and Port Moresby.

Amalgamated Wireless have maintained radio communication with both parties. (Further reference to the Archbold Expedition will be found on page 28.)

Copra Outlook

Period of Plentiful Supplies Approaching RECENT reviews of the world’s oil and fat markets, by Messrs, H. M. F.

Faure and Co. (whose forecasts usually are very accurate) indicate that there is little likelihood of any drop in prices for the time being; and that, in 1937 and 1938, there will be a period of more plentiful supplies.

The passing of the Bailey Bill in the American Senate in June placed processing taxes upon whale oil and tallow, thus shutting out those commodities in favour of lard (home-grown) and palm-oil and copra (imported). The effect of this was to give a small fillip to copra prices; but also it certainly will encourage a larger production in America of lard and cottonseed oil. Meanwhile, whale oil and tallow, shut out of U.S.A., are seeking a market elsewhere, which might have a tendency to depress the copra price. Whale oil production seems to have fallen, however, and there definitely is a move to restrict the catch during the coming season.

There has been a falling-off in the quantity of soya bean oil reaching the European market.

Copra being now at a price which returns a small profit to the grower, one notes everywhere an increasing production, which, possibly may mean overproduction again. As against that, the consumptive capacity of the world will grow, so long as the economic improvement continues. Generally, the outlook is not discouraging.

Mrs. H. Luxmore, the well-known and popular manageress of the Rabaul Hotel, recently left Rabaul for Buka (Northern Solomons) to spend several weeks’ holiday. She has been suffering from very indifferent health for some time. 4 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

FIJI GOLD Future of The Field THERE has been much speculation about the Fijian goldfield. There seems to be an impression that the bottom has fallen out of this new industry.

The Editor of the at the end of July, visited the Tavua goldfield, obtained details of the activities in progress there, and discussed the outlook with various people who should know what they are talking about.

The result of our investigations will appear in an article in the September issue.

In the meantime it may be said very briefly that, without doubt, the Fiji gold industry is going to be a big and profitable industry. Certain mines within the “charmed circle” at Tavua will become large producers of gold. ’Others will fade out.

The prospects of the Yanawai goldfield (over on the large island of Vanua Levu) are very good—Mount Kasi already is in the picture as a profitable producer. The development of various other mines operating in the Yanawai area should be watched.

“We Don’T Want

SAMOA!”

THE “Goodwill Mission” met the representatives of the Samoan natives at Vaimoso, near Apia, on July 20; and, according to the report of the New Zealand Press Association, published in the N.Z. newspapers on July 22, the following occurred: — The High Chief Tamasese suggested that the delegation should recommend the Government to change Samoa from a mandated territory to a protectorate. It was the desire of Samoans, he said, to manage their own affairs.

“All right!” said Mr. Langstone (leader of the Mission), “if you are stupid enough to believe you would be better off that way—well, go right ahead. We don’t want Samoa. We don’t want your bananas.

We don’t want the Maui Pomare. When you get a protectorate see where it will land you. You will be in for a hot time, believe me.”

Tamasese said the Samoans were not concerned about money because thev could get along quite well without money.

They did not want to break away from Britain. They wanted the protection of the New Zealand Government, but the right to manage their own affairs.

Tuimalealiifano, an ancient high chief and an old friend of Robert Louis Stevenson, begged the Minister not to be angry, and excite Samoa, because it was still sick.

Discussion was adjourned.

The delegation left Samoa- a couple of days later; and the Minister, on arrival in New Zealand, announced a “complete understanding.”

The Navy Department of the United States now has on order 60 giant flying patrol boats, which are intended to strengthen the 2,500 miles air link between the mainland and Hawaii. Those of the flying boats which are to be stationed in Hawaii will be flown there in groups of two or three.

Check To Hides Expedition

Explorer Forbidden to Lead Gold Search In Region Which He Discovered T EADING the best equipped Islands expedition ever sent out of Australia, Mr. Jack Hides sailed from Sydney by the Montoro on July 29 for Poit Moiesby.

The expedition, it is understood, consists of two Europeans (Mr. Hides and Captain P. G. Taylor) and 60 natives, and the original plan was that it would gen- ~ .. nvnojitinw W TT-J 6 track of the expedition led by Mr. Hides early in 1935— namely, up the Fly and Strickland Rivers and across the limestone barrier into the Tari Furoro and Waga Furari valleys. It was understood that Mr. Hides would endeayour to locate a goldfield somewhere in the region he had previously traversed. close to the border between the Mandated Territory and Papua.

Investors Limited was registered m June. It has an issued capital of £16,250 in £1 shares and its composition is as follows : DIRECTORS Cliff Minter (chairman), F. Clapp (G.M., Aust.

General Electric Ltd.), Rod Dangar (owner of Peter Pan), Captain P. G. Taylor (aviator).

SHAREHOLDERS C. Minter, head of Minter, Simpson and Co., well-known Sydney solicitors; Telford Simpson, Chairman of the Consultative Council; Rodney Dangar grazier and owner of Peter Pan; E. R.

Knox, Chairman of Directors of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Ltd.; F. B. Clapp, Managing Director of the Australian General Electric Co. Ltd.; E. P. (“Monty”) Walker, stockbroker (and the only stockbroker allowed to take shares) ; T. Church, General Manager of the National Bank of Austraha; A. C. Davidson, General Manager of the Bank of N.S.W.; A. H. Stuart. General Manager of the "Sydney Morning Herald”; R. A. Henderson. Assistant Manager of the "Sydney Morning Herald”; N. P. Hunt, merchant; P. G. Taylor, well-known aviator; J R McGregor, art connoisseur and one of Australia s biggest woolbrokers; P. and B. Dowling, well-known accountants; A.

R. Wilshire, General Manager of the Bank of Australasia; L. Burdekin, barrister; A. G. Pitt, barrister; A. C. and C. H. Crammond, estate agents; L A. Hooke Ccncval Manager of Amalsecretary of John Fairfax and Son Ltd.; Sir John McKelvey, famous surgeon; E. S. Wolfenden, well-known accountant; C. E. Munro, General Manager of Hoyts Theatres Ltd.; L. Armstrong, Sr e v e u a n Manager of Burns, Phdp and Co. Ltd.; J.

Mitchell, a director of Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd.; anc j ot h er well-known men, such as N. Hill, A.

McVernan. R. W. (i. Swinson, A. G. White. J.

Massie, R. C. Osborne. a glance at the list of names suggests that this is on * G f the most powerful and influential companies ever formed in Sydney. The members of the company could, i£ required, provide funds running far into seven fibres. In such circumstances it would appear that Mr. Hides wag completely justified in resigning his assured position in the Papuan Administration; and. setting out under such auspices, the success of the expedition assured Troubles developed early, however. It had been reported that Mr. Hides was bound for the Waga Furari country. The Acting Lieutenant Governor of Papua soon afterwards promulgated an ordinance declaring that the Waga country was an “uncontrolled region,” and that no t-, „ . ... , European might enter therein without a license. Shortly afterwards it was reported that the Hides expedition was going to the Tari Furoro country, and not the Waga Furari district. Immediately thereafter there come the mminnopmbni ™ e VTis te * . ™ ( ame the * nnouncement that the 111 y 1 * uroro was also an 'uncontrolled area” and barred to Europeans.

All this happened while Mr. Hides was on his way f rom Sydney to Port Moresby, R , r . v ~ .. . , , r TT ., th ? m * ddle ° f Al “ ust ’ Mr. Hides was b . us y m Port Moresby making preparations for an expedition into the interior: Two Japanese sampans captured in July while gathering trochus shell off the coast of New Caledonia were the subject of Court proceedings at Noumea on August 1. The captains were fined £60 each, and the vessels, fishing gear, and shell were confiscated by order of the Court. The Japanese have appealed to the Higher Court. The photograph shows one of the Japanese sampans tied up at the wharf at Noumea.

Photo: Marcel Medard 5 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Special Notice To Subscribers

The price of the Pacific Islands Monthly in all British countries—and especially in the Islands af the Pacific—is 6d. per copy. Persons who are asked by traders to pay more should at once report the matter to the publishers, whose address is given above. while much communication was proceeding between Investors Ltd. and Canberra relative to the embargo that had been so unexpectedly placed on the expedition.

One report is to the effect that the Hides expedition may travel up the Fly and the Strickland, provided that they confine their attention to the region in the vicinity of the Strickland.

Public comment upon the extraordinary situation has been pointed and severe. It is felt that the Papuan official attitude towards Mr. Hides should be carefully examined by the higher authorities at Canberra.

Attention has been directed to the fact that the Papuan Government, under Sir Hubert Murray, granted to the Oroville Company a kind of concession over a very large area in Central Papua, which appeared to include much of the territory which has now been closed to Mr. Hides; while the Papuan Government, in the absence of Sir Hubert Murray, has decided to designate this same territory an “uncontrolled area.” in order to keep out Mr.

Hides. Yet Mr. Hides, as a Papuan official, was widely praised for his kindness and restraint in dealing with raw' natives.

Both Sir Hubert Murray (Lieutenant Governor of Papua), w r ho is returning from Europe, and Brigadier-General W, Ramsay McNicoll (Administrator of New' Guinea), who is coming South on leave, will be in Sydney towards the end of August; and it is confidently believed that these two gentlemen, in consultation with the Canberra authorities, will assist in clearing away the extraordinary and unexpected difficulties which have appeared in the path of the Hides expedition.

Where Is The Goldfield?

Smith’s Weekly says that Investors Ltd. issued a private prospectus, in which the following statement is made: “While engaged on exploration w r ork.

Mr. Hides discovered a number of great river flats, made superficial examinations of these, and in each found alluvial gold.

On one bed of alluvial w*ash he marched for 21 days, daily took pans and obtained colours of gold every time.

“He is definitely satisfied that he has discovered a vast area of alluvial flats, but he is unable to say whether the gold is present in payable quantities. For the purpose of ascertaining this the expedition is proposed. Mr. Hides will lead the expedition and will check bores, peg out claims, and clear a landing ground for an aeroplane. When this is completed, the best mining engineer available in Australia will be commissioned to make a survey.

“As evidence of his faith in the venture, Mr. Hides is resigning from the Papuan service, thereby surrendering his right to a pension of £350 a year, and is subscribing to the capital of the company . . . . ”

The exact location of the gold-bearing country is not published; but it is reported that the main area in which the Co. is interested comprises alluvial flats in a wide valley, about 70 miles long by 30 wide.

Scientists’ Anxiety

A body of scientists, with headquarters in London, it is reported, have made strong representations to the Government of Papua that they should be allowed to go into the Tari Furoro country (discovered by the Hides expedition) at the earliest possible moment to study the stone-age culture. They say that this culture is shattered as soon as metals are introduced by Europeans. It is reported that the Government is inclined to give this permission and to provide the scientists with police protection.

Papua’S Treasure

Four Expeditions In West and Centre From Our Own Correspondent.

PORT MORESBY, August 7. town is buzzing with so many re- A ports and rumours of “expeditions” that it becomes a little difficult to sort them all out. This appears to be the position ; Archbold Expedition. Scientific. Advance party has been far up the Fly River. See details in another article.

Oil Search Expedition.—Papuan Oil Development Co. Ltd. was registered here on July 9 with a nominal capital of £50,000 (5,000 £lO shares), to take over the special permit issued under the Petroleum (Mining) Ordinance to Mr. C, J. Ahern in a large area in Western Papua. Mr.

A. Robertson arrived on July 24 from England, via Singapore, and others by the Montoro on August 6; and the expedition will leave shortly for Western Papua, Hides Expedition.—Mr. Jack Hides arrived on July 6 with much equipment to organise an expedition into Central Papua to search for gold. He is held up, for the present, owing to the Government’s refusal to give permission to anyone to enter “uncontrolled” areas.

Ward Williams Expedition.—Mr. Ward Williams was associated with the search for gold, in the Fly River region, by the Oroville Company. The search was abandoned, and Mr. Williams went to America.

He unexpectedly returned, and proceeded to organise another gold search in the Fly River area. His advance party (W.

Korn, J. M, Bourke, W. Kienzle, H.

Brown) have already left for the former Oroville base up the Fly River, above D’Albertis Junction. Mr. Williams is expected shortly from Australia with an aeroplane.

Caught In Landslide

French Priest Killed in Papua From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY, Aug. 1.

WHILE travelling in the mountains behind Yule Island, on July 17, Father C. Garreau, a French Roman Catholic priest, was overwhelmed without warning by a landslide, and killed. Fathers Sorin and Rodut, who were walking behind him in single file, narrowly escaped with their lives.

The three missionaries were inspecting a new route made in the Ononge District by Father Garreau. The district is notorious for its broken and precipitous country.

Father Garreau had been in Papua with the Roman Catholic. Order of the Sacred Heart since 1926, He was 38 years old.

Mr. A. W. Mull ins, chief engineer of Guinea Airways Ltd., arrived in Sydney from Lae, New Guinea, by the August Macdhui.

Mr. L. J. O’Malley, the young Patrol Officer who accompanied Mr. Jack Hides on his expedition into unknown Papua last year, arrived in Australia by the Macdhui on August 13. He was on official duty, escorting a white prisoner to Sydney.

For Islands Trade

New W.R.C. Ship Launched the Dolphin, a new wooden vessel, built to the order of W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., was launched on August 5 at Huskisson, on the shores of Jervis Bay, N.S.W.

The vessel, which will be used for the Islands trade, cost £7,000 to build and, when fitted up at Lavender Bav, Sydney’ a total sum of £14,000 will have been expended. The overall length of the ship is 135 ft. and her displacement is 250 tons.

The Dolphin is the second largest wooden boat constructed in Australia since the war. She is the fourth vessel of this type built at Mr. A. W. Settree’s shipbuilding yards during the last four years.

Mr. John A. Parer, who has extensive business interests on the Morobe goldfield in New Guinea, departed for Salamaua after a visit to Sydney by the July Montoro.

Mr. C. Budden, manager of Morobe Alluvials N.L., Wau, returned to New Guinea by the Montoro from Sydney on July 29, after conferring in Melbourne with his Company’s directors. 6 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Mr. Nelson Returns To Samoa

15,000 Natives Greet the Mau Leader From Our Own Correspondent APIA, July 30.

'T'HE sun was shining brightly, and all the foreshores were packed with thousands of gaily-dressed Samoans when, on July 22, the Maui Pomare came into Apia Bay with Mr. O. F. Nelson and his three daughters aboard. Mr. Nelson, in 1934, was exiled as a result of alleged activities against the Government. The new Laboilr Government cancelled the ban, and sent the Mau leader back to Samoa, at the Government’s expense.

The steamer immediately was surrounded by a large number of the long and graceful Samoan fautasis, all decorated and showing the purple Mau flags, with white cross and star, and each carrying 40 hefty Samoan oarsmen. An imitation of an ancient Samoan warcanoe carried a throne and baldachin of flowers, under which pretty smiling Princess Sala, daughter of High Chief Faumuina, was seated, to bring Ta’isi ashore.

The New Zealand “Goodwill” delegation (Messrs. F, Langstone and J. O’Brien) joined the Acting Administrator of Samoa (Mr. A. C. Turnbull) and the highest Chiefs of Samoa in extending the first welcome to Mr. Nelson on board the steamer, Mr. Nelson finally landed, visibly impressed and embarrassed by the unprecedented greeting given him by his countrymen.

Mr. Nelson is 50 years old, is of Swedish and Samoan descent, and is a British naturalised subject. He was born and educated in Samoa and by diligent work, endowed with high intelligence and commercial ability, he greatly extended the commercial firm taken over after his father’s death. Since 1926, when he became the power behind the Samoan national Movement (the Mau), working in strong opposition to the New Zealand Government and its Administration in Samoa, Mr, Nelson has twice been exiled for his political activities. The last term of exile was for 10 years, from 1934.

Those years of exile and tribulation have left their indelible mark on the man. Political fights and personal anguish. sickness and worry over family and business matters in an uncongenial climate, have served to undermine his health and vigour.

Mr. Nelson, appears sincerely grateful to the New Zealand Government for their action towards him. and he will surely do all in his power to pave the way for a settlement and understanding between the New Zealand Government and the Samoan natives, on whom he exerts a very considerable influence. It may be taken as certain that he will use this influence to assist the Administration.

With the impulsive, suspicious and sometimes overbearing character of the Samoan natives, some moderating influence is at times very necessary.

On the day after his arrival in Samoa, Mr. Nelson assisted the “Goodwill” Delegation (leaving on the same day on their return voyage) to bring about an understanding with the Samoan representatives, in preparation for a complete settlement of outstanding grievances.

Following this last meeting with the delegation, and after the departure of the Ministerial Party, the Samoans for some days gave monster ta'alolos (ceremonial dance feasts) in honour of their returned leader. Crowds of natives in gaily-coloured dancing costumes, with chiefs and taupous (village virgins) in the picturesque tu’uigas (head-dresses), and with wooden or steel beheading knives, danced their ancient war-dances, to the tune of songs specially composed for the occasion. District after district passed in review before the national hero, in an endless procession of colour, beauty and rhythm. , It is estimated that not less than 15,000 Samoans, men and women, participated in these feasts and ceremonies, during which the needs of the body were by no means neglected and enormous quantities of food were devoured. Practically onethird of Samoa’s total native population assembled to pay tribute to one man, Ta’isi—truly a unique tribute to the popularity of the leader.

The celebrations continued at Vaimoso, near Apia, until July 28. From then on, parties have been leaving for their homes in other parts of the group.

N.G. SHIPPING Report of License For N.D.L.

Ships THHE Legislative Council of New Guinea, *- at its session early in August, passed an amendment of the Shipping Ordinance, under which the Administrator is given authority to license foreign ships to trade inter-island, and to ports other than “declared” ports.

It is understood that it is the Intention of the Government, in response to public demands, to issue a license to the German (N.D.L.) ships, from Hong Kong.

This unexpected development has aroused anger and opposition in Australia and protests to Canberra already have taken shape.

It is reported, apparently on good authority, that if a license is granted to the German line, a Japanese line will seek a similar privilege.

Mr. F. Marijn, an officer of the Dutch East Indies Government attached to the Native Affairs Department, arrived at Pt.

Moresby by the Van Rees on July 24 to study native labour administration in Papua. He will remain in the Territory until September to consult with Sir Hubert Murray, who is now on his way back from Europe.

The New Zealand "Goodwill" Missioners and Mau chiefs with Mr O. F. Nelson, shortlu after he landed at Apis. From left to right High Chief Tuimalealiifano, Mrs. J. o'Brien, High Chief Malietoa Tanu, O.B.E, M.L.C., Mr. A. C. Turnbull(Acting Administrator), Hon.F. Langstone, Mrs. Langstone, Mr. O. F. Nelson, Miss Sina Nelson, Mr, J. O'Brien, M.P., Miss calmar Nelson, High Chief Tamases, Miss Olive Nelson.

Photo: Tattersall’s Studio, Apia. 7 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Tracking the Orange to Its Lair N.Z. Parliamentarians’ Sunshine Cruise in Cook Is.

FWTHE New Zealand Parliamentary party, which recently travelled to Rarotonga at the New Zealand taxpayers’ expense to inquire into the conditions of the orange trade between the Cook Islands and New Zealand, appear to be enjoying themselves thoroughly.

As has been pointed out already in this journal, there was not the slightest need for this expedition. All the necessary information, and the evidence of the recent Parliamentary inquiry, already was in the hands of the Wellington departments, and it was a certainty, before the delegation sailed, that the Dominion’s new Socialist Government will take control of the orange export trade, out of the hands of the agents and traders. However, three (more or less) deserving politicians were able to get away on a “sunshine cruise.”

A radio despatch from Rarotonga, in naive and charming terms, was published in the New Zealand newspapers on August 4. It reported that the mission was carrying out its inquiries thoroughly, industriously, painstakingly, and tactfully; that the party had aroused so much admiration among Rarotongan residents that the thing was positively “embarrassing,” and that the tour threatened to become “a complete success.” It had been decided that this splendid job of work could not be properly rounded off unless the party saw more of the beautiful Cook Islands, so they were on the point of departure for Aitutaki, Mangaia, Atiu, and Mauke, by the new Union liner Matua , which had arrived most opportunely.

A Slight Digestive Disorder

The despatch concludes on this happy and ingenuous note: “All the members of the delegation are well, with the exception of Mr. C. L. Hunter, who has had a slight digestive disorder. Mr. S. G. Holland is keeping fit and is a prime favourite with all the children on the island, “Mr. J. Robertson, chairman, on whom the heavy end of the work has fallen, is setting a good pace for his colleagues, and has done much by his tactful speechmaking, etc., to make the inquiry a success.

“Mr. S. J. Smith, Secretary of the Cook Islands Department, a well-known figure in Rarotonga, accompanied the delegation in its activities and was responsible for carrying out most of the arrangements ”

Use Of Wireless

TELEPHONE From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, Aug. 1.

TNTERESTING tests with wireless telephony were carried out recently by the Administrator, in the Bougainville district. Leaving Rabaul in the Nereus, General McNicoll kept a schedule with two stations in Rabaul by telephone and Morse during the whole trip.

The Nereus rendered assistance to the Government schooner Eros (previously reported to have been wrecked), which had gone to the rescue of another Government ship, the Wandera. The latter vessel struck a reef near Lolabau Island and had to be abandoned.

Wedding At Ocean Island

“Commercial Cockroaches”

N.Z. Goodwill Minister's Tilt at the Big Firms HTHE big firms of the South Seas—especially Burns, Philp and Co., Morris Hedstrom Ltd., and W. R. Carpenter and and Co. Ltd. —have been called many things, from public benefactors to sanguinary monopolists; but it remained for Mr. Langstone, the Socialist Minister for Lands from New Zealand, to coin a new term of endearment.

In Samoa on a “Goodwill mission,” this Minister proceeded to preach Socialism to a gathering of sceptical and resentful planters. He said that the N.Z. Government, as part of its plan for the economic salvation of New Zealand, will create a gigantic marketing organisation for handling New Zealand produce abroad, and that, if Samoa was good and respectful, this marketing organisation might sell copra and cocoa for the planters.

“We shall do it on a big national scale,” declared the Minister, “and in that way you will have a better chance of getting good prices than if your produce is taken and handled by these—er—” he waved his hand towards the big stores on the waterfront, “by these commercial cockroaches!”

The planters were amused, but not impressed. “The big firms may be cockroaches,” said one, “but it was the big firms, and not the New Zealand Government, which kept a lot of us planters going right through the depression. None of the firms has ever refused help to a real trier. But, because they have the temerity to carry on a private business, and try to make profits for their owners, this wide-visioned gentleman from New Zealand calls them cockroaches!”

In “Uncontrolled” New Guinea From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, Aug. 1.

A REPORT received by the Administion from Patrol Officer C. D.

Bates, who has been stationed for some months at Chimbu, in the “uncontrolled”

Morobe district area, describes his ascent of Mount Wilhelm, where he reached an altitude of 14,000 ft., and experienced snow and several degrees of frost. During his ascent Mr. Bates discovered two inland lakes.

Mr. Bates aroused interest amongst the Chimbu natives in roadmaking. On several occasions tribal fighting was brought to an end upon his approach and the warriors changed over their weapons for picks, shovels, and sharpened sticks, and busied themselves in constructing a graded road. This road construction has opened up much country, and has had a tendency to discourage inter-tribal fighting.

Mr. George Gideon Quintal, a greatgrandson of Matthew Quintal, member of the Bounty’s crew, died in New Zealand in August, aged 84. He was the first Bounty descendant born on Norfolk Island after the Pitcairn Isanders changed their abode. Mr. Quintal left Norfolk Is. at the age of 15, and went to sea, eventually becoming a master mariner. He went to N.Z. 38 years ago.

Miss Betty Leask, of Suva, Fiji, and Mr. Edward Harness, of Suva (and now attached to the ship "Nmimoa") were married early in June at the Residency at Ocean Island. They will make their future home at Tarawa, in the Gilbert Islands.

The above group, left to right, shows: In front, the bride and bridegroom. Back row: Mr.

J. C. Barley (Resident Commissioner), Mr. Blacklock, Mr. Bentley, Mrs. Barley, Mr. Blaikie, Mr.

Cartwright, Mr. Ramsay. 8 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Suva’S Mayoral Chain

Childishness in Public Life in Public Lire SUVA, July 28.

ANE of the silliest law cases in the history of the South Seas has just terminated in Suva. Three former Councillors, Messrs. J. T. Johnson, J. Muir, and Dr. I. H. Beattie, have been ordered to pay £l3/10/- to the new Town Board, being the value of a mayoral chain which the council presented to the retiring mayor, Mr. Alport Barker.

The Town Council of Suva (elective) was abolished last year, and on January 1 its place was taken by the Suva Town Board (nominative). The change was opposed strongly by the mayor (Mr. Alport Barker) and a section of the council.

On December 30, 1935, the three councillors named attended the last meeting °f f be pouncil, and it was resolved that th . e reti ring mayor should be presented 'vith the chain of his office—a kind of sentimental gesture made on a notable occasion, The Town Board’s auditors regarded the expenditure as “unauthorised,” and refused to certify the accounts ' ‘ , It obviously was a matter easy of adjustment: yet it was not adjusted, and finally the auditors, acting automatically under the law, sued the councillors who had passed the expenditure, and obtained judgment against them.

The case has received a great deal of publicity, in which none of the parties concerned appears in a creditable light.

The whole silly business, of course, is a reflection of the bad feeling engendered by the abolition of the elective council and the substitution therefor of the nominative board. If this incident throws a true light upon the intelligence and business capacity of the late lamented council, one can only say that it was a very good thing- it was abolished.

R.W.R.

Changes In Fiji-Indian Conditions After 20 Years

A MARKED improvement in the condition of the Indians’ community in Fiji was noted by the Rev. C. F. Andrews, an elderly man, who has devoted most of his life to work among the Indians, and who visited Fiji in May last.

Mr. Andrews went from India to Fiji in 1915 and again in 1917, to study the social state of Indians who were living in the Colony under the labour indenture system operated by the Fiji Government in co-operation with the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. Mr. Andrews found the conditions deplorable, from his point of view; and the strongly-worded reports which he issued had a good deal to do with the abolition of the system as from January 1, 1920. Since then, a large Indian community (at least 85,000) has been settled in Fiji as peasant farmers, under a system by which they are provided with land, and grow sugar under contract with the C.S.R. Co.

This year (1936) Mr. Andrews journeyed from India to Fiji to see what has happened to his Indians under the new conditions —he had not visited the Colony since 1917. He has not issued any formal report; but it is understood that he was delighted with the vast improvement in the condition of the Indians, Where before they were little better than slaves under the indenture system, they now have a home and a future; they are acquiring property and a social status; the younger Indians are being educated; and, because of the cleaner and more spacious life, combined with an abundance of good food, the children are of an improving physical type.

Mr. Andrews, in a letter published in the Fiji Times in May, made two important points. It had been said that the Indians who settled in Fiji were of an unsuitable class. On the contrary, said Mr. Andrews, the great majority belonged to a good class of agricultural folk, from the •United Provinces of India. The other point was that the grave disproportion between the sexes, which had been so marked fifteen years or twenty years ago, and which caused various evils and disabilities, had largely disappeared; with the result that home life was being regularised, and certain social troubles were disappearing. These Fiji Indians were of a class who respected the marriage tie.

Mr. Andrews emphasised that the main problem before the Indians was that of obtaining sufficient land on a satisfactory tenure.

Rev. C. F. Andrews photographed in May last among Indian residents of Suva, Fiji. 9 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Sentences In New

GUINEA Appeals to High Court THE High Court of Australia, during the early part of August, was occupied in hearing appeals by persons who had been sentenced to terms of imprisonment by the Supreme Court in New Guinea.

Appeal Application Dismissed

On August 6 the High Court refused leave to Rev. Henry Foege, of the New Guinea Lutheran Mission, to appeal against a sentence of two years’ hard labour imposed upon him by Judge Wanliss on June 10 for unlawfully depriving a native of his personal liberty.

It was explained that the missionary was working in “uncontrolled” territory; that three of his helpers were attacked and their goods stolen; and that the missionary, in the absence of an official, took prompt steps to recover his property. He seized a native from the offending tribe, and held him as hostage until his goods were returned, plus four pigs demanded as compensation. It was contended that Judge Wanliss took far too serious a view of Foege’s action.

Mr. Justice Starke said the sentence was essentially one for the discretion of Judge Wanliss, although the Court would express no opinion on whether the matter was one for the Executive Council.

Case Of Father Cranssen

The High Court was engaged on August 10 with an application for leave to appeal by Father Anthony Cranssen, a Roman Catholic missionary, who was sentenced by Judge Wanliss, New Guinea, on May 4 to five years’ imprisonment for counselling certain persons to set fire to a dwelling house.

The incident occurred about the end of last year in “uncontrolled” country in the Ramu-Purari region. The missionary and his staff were threatened with attack by native teachers attached to another mission; and the missionary’s boys, in taking necessary protective action, burned down the huts of the mission teachers.

It was contended that the judge considered the case entirely on wrong lines; there had been no moral turpitude proved on the part of the prisoner; the sentence of five years was against all the principles of punishment. The sentence was “an amazingly severe one.”

The Court reserved its decision.

Offence Against Native Girl

The High Court on August 11, in Sydney, refused Henry Herbert Geoghegan, planter, of Old Massawa Plantation, Bainings, leave to appeal against a judgment of the New Guinea Court sentencing him to two years and six months’ imprisonment for a serious offence against a native girl, aged about 14 years. The prisoner is in Long Bay Gaol, Sydney.

Mr. Justice Starke, the senior High Court Judge, in giving his decision, said that the evidence given against Geoghegan clearly warranted the trial judge’s finding. Mr. Justice Dixon and Mr. Justice McTiernan concurred.

Niu, an indentured employee of the accused, it was stated, brought to Old Massawa two girls, Baimo and Taroa. The story of the girls was that they had been kidnapped by Niu, but Geoghegan, at his trial, said that Niu told him that one of the girls was his wife and the other his niece.

Mr. Clive Evatt, K.C. (for Geoghegan) submitted that had the trial taken place before a jury the prisoner would have been acquitted, as the weight of evidence supported the defence of Geoghegan that that which had taken place between the prisoner and the girl Taroa was with her consent.

Charge Of Unlawful Killing

RABAUL, August 10.

Brother Lucidius Zimmer appeared before the Supreme Court to-day on a charge of having killed a native on February 8, 1936. He pleaded not guilty.

The Crown Prosecutor (Mr. Woodhill) stated that the alleged offence occurred in the wild and mountainous Chimbu country, 7000 feet high, which was populated by warlike natives. During intertribal fighting, some warriors desired to cross the Chimbu River over a mission bridge, the use of which was prohibited for fighting purposes. Many warriors obeyed the prohibition, but a disobedient one was shot dead by Brother Lucidius, he said.

Pastor G. Peacock, superintendent of S.D.A. missions in New Guinea, and Pastor W. N. Lock, S.D.A. superintendent in Papua, arrived in Sydney in mid-August by the Macdhui to attend a conference in Victoria.

Mr. R. B. Carpenter, a director of Messrs. W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., arrived in Sydney from England, via the United States, by the Mariposa on August 10.

Dr. N. Crichlow, travelling medical officer in the Solomon Islands Administration, sailed from Sydney for Tulagi by the Malaita on August 8, after 10 months’ furlough. He has been in Group for 22 years.

The Fiji Ladies’ Hockey team which toured New Zealand during July and August. Standing: Mr J. Midson (selector) Miss Mrs. M.

Bentley. Miss M. Eastgate. Miss S. Molloy. Mrs. L. Lee. Miss J. Harman. Miss A. Eastgate, Miss L. Storck. Mr. A. H. Martin (selector and coach ).

Sitting: Miss M. Errey, Miss O. Foreman, Miss L. Sutherland (captain), Mrs Harvie (manageress), Mrs. M. Fenn (vice- captain), Miss E. Rattles, Miss F. Wilson. -Photo: Caine’s Studio, Suva. 10 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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TROIPICAUTIES TT was in the days when American youth A affected long hair and baggy peg-top trousers. One of the breed, so loved by traders and so abhorred by everyone else for its loud-mouthed blatancy, came ashore from the mail-steamer with the erroneous idea under his long and oily thatch that all pretty Polynesians are common prostitutes.

Seeing the slender Airini busily engaged in holding up a store doorpost with her shoulder, the while she watched the passing traffic, he sidled up to her with an ingratiating smile, and suggested that they should take a walk.

Airini looked at him for, perhaps, twenty seconds, with her steady brown eyes. Then she called to the trader behind the counter.

“Wiri, this feller he say me, we go walk about. What I say him?”

Wiri merely grinned. He knew Airini to be perfectly, not to say devastatingly, capable of looking after herself, thanks to her strain of white blood.

Said she, still looking at the intruder: “Wiri, you tell this long-hair thing, get him hair chop off. I dunno him to a par o’ tope .... an’ I didn’t went .”

But Wiri’s good services were not needed for, followed by a peal of laughter from other interested native girls in the store, Long-Hair swiftly found urgent affairs calling him elsewhere.

One more idea about “Islands girls,” acquired from best-sellers, had been shattered. —Te Ruau. * « * FIFTY years ago, a young man wandered ashore from a schooner at Pleasant Island —now called Nauru. His attention was attracted by some curiously shaped rocks, which did not seem to be rocks. He went back and examined the curious substance two or three times. Finally, as he was an enthusiastic and skilful photographer, he got his camera and photographed the things. The other day. in his store in Apia, I examined this clear photograph, marked “Pleasant Island, 1886.” The young man is now an old man—Mr. T. Andrew, respected and loved by everyone in Samoa. He has a repertoire of funny stories; but, as he himself says, he knows no funnier story than that of how he hung around those “rocks” and photographed them, and never dreamed that he was gazing upon phosphate that afterwards was valued at millions of pounds. “I found the phosphate on Nauru, and I never knew it,” he says, with a chuckle.—R. W. R. * * * A NY new evidence relating to that little known figure, Pomare 111., the boy king of Tahiti, is of importance to historians. Hitherto, almost all information concerning him has been obtained from missionary sources. In the Sydney Gazette of November 22, 1822 (preserved in the Mitchell Library) is an account brought by Captain Hunter who had visited Tahiti that year in the Governor Macquarie: ". . . The young King Pomarree is between two and three years of age, and the island of Otaheite is under the Regency of an old chief named Man-nanoe, whom the subordinate chiefs eye with great insignificancy, supposing him beneath their notice. Each chief upon the island seems to be growing independent in consequence of the Royal authority being so enfeebled, and the present Kingly power is in danger of total annihilation unless some active and powerful chief should shortly embrace the reins of Government on behalf of the infantine monarch, or personally usurp the helm of authority.” If that were not done, it was stated, it would “certainly be a miracle if ever young Pomarree is permitted to sway his father’s sceptre.” A regency was later established by the Queen Mother; but the boy king never lived to rule, being succeeded by Aimata, his half-sister (known in history as Queen Pomare IV.).—“Eriki.” • • « THUS Sir William MacGregor to an enthusiastic young woman, who was on her way to Papua to visit, and, of course, “write a book”: “Aweel! So you’re going to Papua to write a book? Weel, weel! But let me tell you, young lady, that when you’ve been there six months ye wull know all about Papua, and its peoples, and their customs. When you’ve been there twelve months, ye wull ha’e yer doots. And when ye’ll have been there as long as I have, ye’ll realise that you don’t know the fir-r-rst thing about the people or their languages, or their customs—and ye’ll wish to goodness that you had tor-r-rn up the manuscript of that book and burrnt it!”—Te Ruau. * * * THE other afternoon (writes a woman reader in the New Hebrides) I overheard the following dialogue between my husband and our native cook-girl. Be it said that Himself has a rather uncompromising manner towards the natives; but, in view of the difficulty in obtaining—and holding—• labour, even he seems to find it possible sometimes to unbend a little—oh, a very little!—towards them. This was evidently not an unbending day.

Scene: Himself busy in the workshop.

The girl seated on the adjacent kitchen steps, nursing the cat, and turning it over and about in a contemplative way.

Remarked the dusky one: “Puss-cat 'e come big feller now.”

Silence for a little; then came a short and sharp “Yes!” from the workshop.

She resumes: “Puss-cat ’e carry piccanin?”

A perfectly explosive “Yes!” from the workshop.

Then: “Master, Puss-cat ’e woman?”

Awful noises from the workshop, as of someone in pain, and of hammers and thing’s being violently thrown about.

Then a thoroughly exasperated voice yelled: “Yes, you dash, dash, and puce boneheaded imbecile, ’e woman. Suppose sometime you find one man-cat he carry piccanin. You come quick and tell me.

Me want to look something allsame too much!”

Hurried flight of the dusky one, pusscat and all. Sounds from the workshop as though an earthquake had struck It.

Then gradually the afternoon resumed its wonted calm. —“Mrs. Marooned.” * * * RADIO is transforming life in the Pacific Islands. In Samoa, Fiji, Tonga, the story is the same—every European resident has a receiving set, and the tendency is to buy better and bigger sets, as they become available. Until recent times, Islands residents were without a daily or even a weekly news bulletin. Now, they do not worry—they tune in on any station bordering the Pacific, and listen to the news broadcasts, every night. Over in Samoa, well to the east, they connect mostly with Hawaii and the western States of America—Australia and New Zealand come through a bit too late. In Fiji, they use the Australian stations more frequently. Our Australian friends should note that American manufacturers are going after this valuable Pacific market, and are trying, with a view to reducing cost, to introduce a good chassis, without a cabinet, leaving the purchaser to make his own arrangement in regard to enclosing the instrument. —R.W.R.

Mr. C. R. Gurney, who for six years has been chief pilot for Guinea Airways Limited, in the Mandated Territory, arrived in Sydney in July. He has resigned from G A.’s staff and will shortly take up duties with Qantas Empire Airways Ltd. on the Singapore run. 11 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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About Islands People

Right Rev. Thomas J. Wade (Bishop of the Northern Solomon Islands) arrived in Sydney after visiting Europe and the United States by the Mariposa on August 10. He attended the annual meeting of the Marist Medical Society on August IS. Bishop Wade will shortly return to his headquarters at Kieta, Bougainville.

Mr. T. Flower, who has been wellknown as a builder on the New Guinea goldfields and who left Australia recently with the object of engaging in building enterprises in India, returned to Australia in July. He was not satisfied with the prospects in North-west India and decided to return immediately to the South Seas. He departed from Sydney for New Guinea by the August Neptuna.

Right Rev. Henry Newton, who retired last year from the position of Bishop of New Guinea, is in poor health at present and his condition is causing some anxiety.

Although he had resigned, he has been carrying on his work in Papua and he is at present under treatment at the head station of the New Guinea Mission at Dogura, Eastern Papua. The post of Bishop of New Guinea was offered in June to the Rev. Cecil W. Alderson, of England, who accepted the appointment.

It was announced in July that owing to ill-health Mr. Alderson was compelled to cancel his acceptance. The Bishops of Australia have several other candidates under consideration, and a further appointment will be made shortly.

Brigadier-General W. R. McNicoll (Administrator of New Guinea) left Rabaul by the Nellore on August 12 to spend three months’ leave in Australia. Accompanied by Mrs. McNicoll, he will arrive in Sydney on August 20.

Mr. H. J. C. Connolly, geologist of Western Mining Corporation Ltd., sailed from Melbourne by the Monterey on July 18 for Fiji. About seven months ago he outlined a programme of development for the Emperor mine at Tavua, and the purpose of his present visit is to make a survey of the tonnage in sight and check the values of the mine. His report will probably be embraced in the annual report of Emperor Mines Ltd., which is due in a few months.

Major George E. Saundars, Sub- Inspector of Police in the British Solomon Islands Administration, arrived in Sydney on his way back to Tulagi by the Port Townsville on July 31, after annual leave spent in England.

Mr. F. J. Hennings, who was formerly in the Government Service in Fiji, left by the Strathaird on August 7 on a visit to his former home. Mr. Hennings has taken advantage of cruises to make three trips to Fiji within recent months. Now settled in Sydney, he is a member of the executive of the Polynesian Club.

Mr. Mason Warner, special travel representative of the “Chicago Tribune,” joined the August Maunganui at Wellington en route for San Francisco. It is his intention to collect material for articles in Rarotonga and Tahiti on his way back to the United States.

The death occurred, late in July, of Mr.

J. C. Irons, manager of the Canadian Pacific Line in Vancouver for 25 years.

He was well-known and highly esteemed in the Pacific Islands ports.

Mr. M. P. Curtain, mining engineer, sailed from Sydney for New Guinea by the Montoro at the end of July to join Oil Search Ltd’s party at Madang.

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About Islands People

Sir Hubert Murray, K.C.M.G, (Lieutenant Governor of Papua), who has been on a visit to England, left London on his way back to Port Moresby by the Rajputana in July. In Singapore he joined the Marella for Australia and is expected to reach Sydney on August 23. His Excellency will leave for Papua in September.

Mr. L. Pierre Ledoux, a representative of the Department of Anthropology of the American Museum of Natural History, returned to Australia on July 31 by the Malaita, after spending five months in Kaup village, near the Sepik River, New Guinea. Mr. Ledoux, who is a Bachelor of Science of the Harvard University, will publish the results of his research when he returns to the United States.

Mr. Harold Rabone, a grandson of the Rev. Stephen Rabone, the pioneer Methodist missionary in Tonga, whose centenary was observed this year, has been elected a member of the Polynesian Club of Sydney. Mr. Rabone has lived at Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands, and is now residing in Sydney.

Captain N. Paoli has taken over command of Messageries Maritimes Islands steamer Laperouse from Monsieur Vigier.

M. Paoli was chief officer on board the Dupleix which was engaged on the Sydney-Noumea-New Hebrides run before the Laperouse entered the service. When the Laperouse reached Sydney on July 28, Madame Paoli and her two children disembarked to make their home for two years in Australia.

Mr. Leslie V. Waterhouse, technical director of Placer Development Co. Ltd. who has been visiting England and the Continent, will leave London on August 19 by the Queen Mary for New York.

After several weeks in San Francisco he will depart for Sydney by the Mariposa on September 15, arriving in Australia on October 5. Mr. Waterhouse originally intended to return to Australia via Manila and New Guinea, but in order to confer with his associates in America he was compelled to alter his itinerary.

Dr. P. Gilbert Rahm Liers, 0.5.8., professor of biology at Fribourg, Switzerland, who has been travelling the world for two years under the auspices of the Rockefeller foundation Institute, arrived in Australia by the Gorgon in July. Last year he spent some time in the South Seas, particularly at Easter Island, studying parasitology.

Mr. C. H. Hopewell, who was a wellknown resident of Suva, died on July 16.

Going to Fiji in his youth, Mr. Hopewell was for a time associated with Messrs.

Henry Marks and Co. After a period as manager of the Levuka branch, he went into partnership in a copra plantation with Mr. W. R. Carpenter (now Sir Walter). Of late years he had been in the Government service with the Customs and Stores Departments.

Mrs. I. Champion and her child sailed from Brisbane for Port Moresby by the Montoro on July 31. She is the wife of Mr. Ivan F. Champion, Assistant Resident Magistrate in the Papuan Administration, who is now leading an expedition through an unexplored portion of Central Papua.

Ratu Mosese Dranibaka, chieftain of the Ra Coast, Fiji, is ill with possible pneumonia at the Seventh Day Adventist Sanatorium, Wahroonga. The chief arrived in Sydney by the Mariposa on August 10.

Miss lima Edwards, of Norfolk Island, arrived In Sydney on August 4 by the Morinda to spend a short holiday in Australia.

Mr. J. P. B. Webster, chairman of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., is a passenger to Australia by the Orford which is due in Sydney on August 26. 13 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 193 b

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Mr. and Mrs. Val. Horton, accompanied by their young son, Glen, returned from Cairns to New Guinea after furlough in Australia by the Montoro on August 4.

Mr. Horton is manager at Madang for Messrs. Burns, Philp and Co. Limited.

Prisoners At Large

From Our Own Correspondent APIA, July 30.

A FEW days ago a number of prisoners escaped from Vaimea prison, carrying some rifles which they had stolen. Fortunately they were unable to find the necessary ammunition for their weapons.

A rumour spread, in Apia, that they had vowed to shoot the Acting Administrator, the Chief of Police, and the Native Secretary.

At the time of writing one of the prisoners has been recaptured, and it is hoped that the others will soon be brought back.

Champion Expedition

Somewhere In Papua MYSTERIOUS rumours have reached us from Canberra relating to the route that ’has been taken by the Ivan Champion expedition.

It was understood, when this expedition left Port Moi'esby some three months ago, that it would go over much of the country discovered by the Hides expedition, and would check up on Mr. Hides’s observations and reports.

Report has it that the Champion expedition has not gone to the Tari Furoro country at all; but that, on its return trip, it will cross a portion of the route taken by Mr, Hides, near the Waga Furari country, before coming down the Purari River, in October.

There is some speculation as to where the Champion expedition is and what it is doing.

Mrs. Allen Innes

IITRS. ALLEN INNES, having disposed of the hotel at Salamaua, New Guinea, which she established about 1927 and conducted efficiently and profitably, has settled down in her new home at Alola Avenue, Vaucluse, Sydney. Her new residence has been built in the Islafids style and is named “Salamaua.”

Mrs. Innes was noted for several things —especially her unvarying kindness, her hospitality, and her ability as a writer.

Some very vivid impressions of goldfields conditions in the early days were from her tireless pen. She had been ti'ained as a nursing sister and, without doubt, she saved the lives of several men in the prehospital days. Numerous were the downand-out miners whom she succoured — often when they seemed to be in the last extremities of fever.

The Rahaul Times recently paid this well-deserved tribute to her: Mrs. Innes’ departure will be a loss to Salamaua, as she entered into everything, was always the first to welcome any new woman there and introduce her to the older residents, and during her residence in Salamaua has made no less than 80 bouquets for brides going there to be married. Her knowledge of nursing and advice in general has been of great assistance to many, particularly to young mothers, Mrs. Innes can also talk most interestingly of her trip abroad. Besides her many other interests, this energetic woman has found time to indulge her flair for things literary.

Mr. George Allen Innes is remaining in New Guinea for the present, looking after his business, the Salamaua Trading Company. 14 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Pacific Education and Race Relations Notable Conference at Honolulu From a Special Correspondent HONOLULU, July 26.

THE first few days of the sessions of the International Conference on Race Relations, with special reference to Education of Native Peoples, has served to show the variety and the complexity of the problems in different parts of the world. Originally intended to confine its discussions to education as the agent of race development and the adjustment of non-European cultures and peoples to changing social orders due to Western dominance and contact, the assembly of delegates and the final programme illustrate the breadth of the Conference discussions and the truly international nature of its members.

Fascinating lectures and “film-talks” have been given to illustrate the recent history and present condition of the Indians in North America, the aborigines of Australia, and the Maoris of New Zealand.

Messrs. F. E. Williams and W. C.

Groves, of Papua and New Guinea respectively (known jocularly to the other delegates as “the two cannibals”), each contributed papers on the conditions of native life, systems of administration and education in their respective areas. Mr.

Williams is billed to give a public evening lecture next week; and his recent flights over the Mt. Hagen region have caused considerable interest in the Honolulu press, one journal referring to him as “a slight sandy-haired man with a soft English voice.”

Interesting figures at the Conference, and all estimable persons in private, are: Islands delegates photographed after being welcomed on arrival at Honolulu. From left to right: J. Russell (Fiji), D. Ball (New Zealand and Samoa), Mrs. H. E. Maude (Gilbert and Ellice Group), H. E. Maude, W. C. Groves (Australia and New Guinea). 15 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Dr. George Sanchez, brilliant Spanish- American, educationist, of Mexico.

Dr. Thomas Jesse Jones, a world figure in native educational movements because of his work with the Phelps-Stokes Commission in Africa and elsewhere.

Arthur Mayhew, C.M.G., breezy English gentleman and classical scholar, who, after a lifetime of educational work in India, now occupies the important post of secretary to the Colonial Office Advisory Committee on Native Education. What Mayhew does not know about British Colonial administration is not worth knowing, though the Australian delegates have found it necessary to teach him that Papua is not a mandated territory, and that the island of Nauru does exist. Mayhew is by universal assent the leader of the British groups of delegates—though there is no obtrusive consciousness of nationality in the Conference proceedings at all.

One cannot help wishing, for the sake of education and the future of the native, that the educational systems of Australia’s territories were under the guidance of the Colonial Office Advisory Committee direct. Since this is impossible the next best thing would certainly be for those territories to keep in close touch with the Advisory Committee for educational stimulus and help. This applies particularly to the Territory of New Guinea at present, when it is apparently about to face the perplexing task of attacking the native education problem on more comprehensive and less haphazard lines.

H. E. Maude, of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands service (who, by the way, has found masses of material in the Hawaiian official archives that throw light on the history of the Gilberts during last century, and is working assiduously with his typewriter on it), presented an illuminating and exhaustive paper on native life, administration, and the education situation in his Territory. Everyone felt a conviction, after hearing Mr. Maude’s excellent survey that the Gilbert and Ellice Administration, though far removed from the crossroads of the Western world, had much to teach other Pacific territories.

J. Russell, Director of Education of Fiji, contributes his share to the deliberations.

Miss Collier, M.A., of Sydney University, who is acting as secretary to Professor Elkin at the Conference, is universally liked for her breezy, typically Australian personality. She is a graduate of Elkin’s in social anthropology.

Other Pacific delegates include Dr. Gordon Brown, of the Barstow Foundation experimental native school in American Samoa; D. A. J. Rutherford, of the Education Department in Western Samoa; Ernest Beaglehole, Polynesian anthropologist, who has worked under the Bishop Museum: Dr. I. J. Brugmans, of the Netherlands Indies; Messieurs Bernard and Ner, of French Indo-China; Edwin Burrows, ethnologist of Polynesian peoples; Dr. Chan, of Lingnan University, China; Alex. Keir, genial Scot, from the Inspectorial Branch of the British Malay Educational service; and his fellow-Scot, William Kay, of Hong Kong; Dr. and Mrs. Kwei, of Wuchang, Central China; Dr, Frank Daubach and Mr. McCormick, of the Philippine Islands; Charles F.

Doomis, of the Institute of Pacific Relations at Honolulu; Drs. Nakaseko and Oshima, educationists of Japan (who spoke of the Japanese administrative system in the Mandated Islands); Stanley D. Porteus, formerly of Melbourne, now Director of Psychological Clinic and Professor of Clinical Psychology in the University of Hawaii; and Dr. Peter Buck.

D. 5.0., New Zealand Maori, Professor of Anthropology of Yale (U.S.A.), and Director of the Bernice Bishop Museum at Honolulu.

Mr. Don Waugh, District Officer at Rabaul, arrived in Australia in August by the Macdhui to spend three months’ furlough. He is one of the original District Officers of the Military Occupation days. During his absence D. O. Oakley is relieving at Rabaul. 16 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 193 G

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Levuka Chamber Of

COMMERCE A REVIEW of trade and commercial conditions of Fiji in general and of Levuka in particular for the year ended December 31, 1935, was given by Mr. Cyril G. King, president of the Levuka Chamber of Commerce at the annual meeting on July 2.

The market for copra, which is the main industry of Levuka and the oldest in the Colony, improved considerably, said Mr.

King. Although prices did not measure up to the standard of prosperity before the Depression, there are reasonable grounds for confidence in the stability of the industry.

During the period the districts surrounding Levuka continued to produce their quota of first-class bananas. Unfortunately, the production had to be taken to Suva for export. Representations have been made to the Government to have the Union S.S. Co’s. Matua call at Levuka.

Of the secondary industries, it was pointed out that an enterprising settler at Ovalau is still exporting pineapples—export of fresh fruit, in 1935. totalled 986 cases, and canned fruit 114.7941 b. Nearly 5780 cases of mandarins and 3000 cases of oranges shipped during the year.

Levuka’s trade returns show that revenue for 1935 was £10.625, compared with £8996 for 1934. Imports totalled £22.922 (£17,676 in 1934), and exports were valued at £72,125 (£50,686).

At the close of the meeting an election of officers was held. The president (Mr.

C. G. King), vice-president (Mr. J. A.

Sword), and secretary (Mr. A. T. Acton) were unanimously re-elected.

Oil Search Concession In

PAPUA From Our Own Correspondent.

PT. MORESBY, July 10.

THE first special permit under the Petroleum (Mining) Ordinance 1934-36 has been issued to Mr. C. J. Ahearn, a Melbourne solicitor, who intends to form a company of which at least two-thirds of the shares will be held by British subjects.

The concession confers an exclusive right to search for oil in 20,000 square miles in the Western and Delta Divisions of Papua.

The permit is for 12 months from September 1. It contains special terms and conditions, among which is the guaranteed expenditure of large sums of money in the first and second periods of six months during the currency of the concession. Confidential reports of the company’s activities will be required by the Government, and provision will be made to inspect the work done.

Leper Hospital for Penrhyn From Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, July 12.

OFFICIAL information has been received that the N.Z. Government has approved of the erection at Penrhyn of a leper concentration hospital where cases from the whole Group may be treated prior to their removal to the Makogai settlement in Fiji.

In the past over 100 lepers have been despatched from the Group to Makogai, and of these a substantial percentage have since returned cured to their respective islands.

Koitaki Para Rubber Estates Ltd., of Papua, reports that the output of dry rubber from the company’s plantations for July was 40,4321 b. For the year ended June 30. production was 432.8191 b. 17 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Husbands And Wives On Rapa

Strange Customs of Isolated Community WRITTEN FOR THE PACIFIC ISLANDS MONTHLY BY “BORNEO ” pOR 12 years I the lone white man on Rapa (that outlying southerly island of French Oceania) and it may be interesting to others to know the ways of those natives who are among the most primitive in the South Seas to-day.

Isolated as Rapa certainly was then, there was sometimes no communication with the world for as long as three years.

Those natives were living much as lived their forefathers of centuries ago, except for a few things such as axes and knives.

They were true to type—pure native.

For some reason beyond my ken the females outnumbered the males, as they do to this day. As near as I could judge without taking a census, it was 4 to 1.

From the years of puberty, sex had its innings with both. The boys when of age, say at 14, are circumcised; and the girls, from 12 onwards are given complete liberty. It is considered no crime for the girls to become mothers and no lad denies the fact of fatherhood.

In my day, the common talk of the home was sex; and the children, from their earlier years, knew more than most grown-ups in civilised countries.

It is the same with death. With them, I saw that it meant nothing. It had to be, so let it be! A baby is a simple event; so is death. Death, however, means a crowd in the house to see you dying; and, when you are dead, there is a grand feast, with plenty of praying and singing.

But though the sex relationship is very free, it has strict limitations. Blood relationship is a bar which none dare ignore, not even the wildest boy or girl.

An incident within my own experience shows it clearly. A girl took a fancy to a white man and asked him to make her a mother. He refused. She poured out her tale of woe. There was no man for her on the island. She was related to them all, and her only chance was to get one from abroad. No chance for her to go to another island —no money even if the chance came. There is the same rule for the boys. But, luckily, they are not all Rapa-born.

I have lived on Pitcairn. It is altogether different there. They are all blood relations and badly need an introduction of new blood. If only there could be an exchange between the two islands!

There is no difficulty in finding a really fine young mate on Rapa. But there is something more to be thought of than merely grabbing her. What about food and what about the chores? The women do all the work and are the suppliers of food. There is only one condition. You must marry her, tie the lasting knot. No marriage, no grub.

And grub is very important, for one is not in the tropics, but far south, where the nippy air creates a healthy appetite.

Those Rapans are large eaters. I am a fair performer myself, but one native meal did me for a couple of days. Raw fish is their daily menu and they make a 18 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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They go really hungry at times. I know it. There is a sudden shortage, the fish are calling somewhere else, and bad weather, or lack of rain means that vegetables have gone awry. Then it’s look out! I took lean times as good training for a man’s stomach. Most civilised people eat to a timetable. On Rapa you eat when you have the goods.

So, to get a status, a home and grub, I married. Yes, I am tied up all right.

A girl marries you to get a standing in the church—neither cares whether there is any love in the business. The aim of each party is clearly understood.

For him, once married, all the taro, kumaras, bananas, pineapples, coffee, etc., etc., together with the house and land of the woman whose heritage these are from the family possessions. For her, the pride of place amongst her fellows.

But, look out! Once married, there is no further running wild. Any attempt at quiet polygamy is looked upon as the work of the devil, and there’s plenty of trouble. A native man or woman is forbidden the church and, for months, there is no praying or singing—a terrible punishment. They all want to get to heaven. No church, and there can be no heaven. They have but one ireligious code. There is no half-way house where they can mend their ways—it is heaven or hell. The first missionaries knocked that into them. The native pastor is the boss of the future.

Here is my experience of marriage in Rapa, You choose your mate. You take her on trial for a few weeks. Nothing is said. You appear to suit each other, so far as can be seen, A paper is made out by the local authority, maybe a gendarme, maybe someone else, and it is tacked on to a tree in your village for 14 days. * There being no objections, everybody goes out and gathers enough food to make a real feast, enough to feed 250 people (children, of course, included).

On the morning of the marriage day, you are taken into a house by two married women and not only given a bath willy nilly, but critically examined all over, front and behind, to see if you are a fit and proper person to marry. If their report is adverse there is no marriage. If 0.K., the big church bell is rung. So off to the church.

The girl’s nearest relation leads the way, taking the man’s hand. Next come all the relations, two by two. In the church, after a bit of praying and singing, it is all over and done with.

Away to the feast, which lasts a couple o f days sleep intermittent, eating prodigious. In my case, my contribution was flour and 12 bottles of rum.

My gift to the bride was three yards of dress material and a bottle of scent. Hers to me was a pair of blue jean trousers.

Private polygamy is made hell for a native man, and hot for the white man.

The Rapans will punish you alright. No home, no grub—it pays to stick to your wife. Tied for life you surely are, for if your wife dies, you have got to take her sister or her nearest relation. They Young Girls of Rapa Island

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Thus was it when I was alone on the island. Since then, others have drifted in, but not (save one trader) to make permanent stay. That is my privilege; and, once again, after a visit to Outside, I am At Home. # Mr. Dave Lyall, who is well-known on the Morobe goldfield, New Guinea, left Sydney by the Montoro on July 29 for Port Moresby, Papua.

Dr. H. lan Hogbin, lecturer in anthropology at the Sydney University, was the guest of honour and principal speaker at the July gathering of the Polynesian Club of Sydney. He took as his subject the island of Ontong Java, near the Solomons, which is inhabited by the descendants of early Polynesian rovers. Fellow guests at the meeting were Captain and Mrs. Pat Bowyer, of Chicago, who recently called at Tahiti.

Searching for Gold in Western Papua New Expedition Under Mr. J.

Ward Williams AN expedition left Port Moresby at the end of July for a two years’ prospecting campaign in Western Papua, and will be joined by Mr. J. Ward Williams, leader of the party towards the end of August or early in September.

Mr. Williams, who is at present in Sydney, said that he had formed a syndicate overseas to finance the expedition. Both American and English interests were behind the expedition, the head of the English group being the Selection Trust Ltd., of London, and the head of the American group being the Pardners Mines Corporation.

He said that four members of the expedition have left for a 950 miles sea and river journey to a base previously established 550 miles up the Fly River. The members, Messrs. J. Bourke, W. Korn, J.

Kinsle, and wireless-operator Brown, travelled in a 30 ton boat, with 25 carriers.

About four months’ supplies were carried in addition to wireless equipment.

A Sikorsky amphibian ’plane has been purchased in New York, added Mr. Williams. On its arrival in Sydney it will be assembled at Mascot Aerodrome and later flown by Flight-Lieutenant Stuart Campbell to the Fly River base.

Special arrangements have been made with Amalgamated Wireless for the equipment of the ’plane with wireless. Mr.

Williams said that he would probably fly to Papua in the ’plane.

The main object of the expedition is to find large gold dredging areas, he said.

The party would be armed, but his experience, after six years in all parts of Papua and New Guinea, was that there would be no trouble with the natives. The success of the expedition, he added, depended on the friendliness of the natives.

Mrs. E. W. Oakley, wife of District Officer Oakley, was a passenger to New Guinea by the last Montoro.

Mr. C. A. Berendsen, C.M.G., head of the External Affairs Department of the New Zealand Government, who has been intimately associated for some years with the administration of Western Samoa, joined the Niagara at Auckland in July, en route to Europe, where he will attend the League of Nations’ sessions in company with the High Commissioner-elect for New Zealand, Mr. W. J. Jordan, ex-M.P. 20 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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The Downtrodden

NATIVE (By A.M.A.) FT is just shameful the way traders in the Solomon Islands exploit the poor unsagacious native.

With the present high price of trochus, the trader is simply making it a “welter.”

He goes to Malaita with his vessel, the only plant he needs (worth no more than about £800), and after a lot of soft talk persuades the all-believing, innocent saltwater natives to go diving with him. He agrees to feed and give them the trifling sum of 18/- a tin.

The native also needs his plant, or equipment, so the trader, without so much as a pang of conscience, sells him, on paper, a pair of diving glasses for 1/-, when they have only cost him 10/6 a dozen. After that wilful act of profiteering, they start out.

Now, it is only the good divers who can get their three tins of shell a day— the rest, after working for at least three or four hours, can only manage one and a half to two tins. So, taking the aggregate, they make only about 36/- a day each. As a rule, after several weeks of this slavery, the divers at last rebel—not so much for the reason that they have only made about 9/- an hour for their diving time, but that the trader has introduced another <Df his grasping methods by shaking a “full” tin down to three-quarters, after they have neatly stacked the shells to overflowing, with all the cones up.

The trader takes them home again and pays them their hard-earned pittance, which, as a rule, works out about £l5 per diver.

For his shell, the trader receives at Makambo £B5 per ton. With 70 tins to the ton, this is equal to 24/- a tin. Out of this he pays 18/- to the natives, plus his expenses for the trip—fuel, insurance, food, crew’s wages, etc.—which, excluding depreciation on vessel and heavy wear and tear on boats, amounts to no more than £25, bringing the cost up to around 22/- a tin. The gloating trader, therefore, makes a clear profit of 2/- a tin— in other words, the native diver gets, including his food, 90 per cent., and the trader takes the rest.

Yes, something really should be done about such glaring exploitation!

Site For Rabaul

AERODROME From Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, July 14.

A GOVERNMENT officer is at present surveying an area at the south-eastern boundary of Kuraiba plantation, in the vicinity of Toma, to investigate its suitability for an aerodrome. The site is about 14 miles from Rabaul, and is part of the mission property, Vunakanau.

If this land is suitable it will solve one of Rabaul’s major problems. Several possible sites have already been rejected. It was when the Administration was seeking an aerodrome site last year that the Matupi natives protested that their lands were being illegally seized by the Government.

Commander C. J. R. Webb, Harbourmaster at Rabaul, returned to New Guinea by the July Montoro after furlough.

Graves Restored

Early L.M.S. Missionaries In Tahiti From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, July 5.

THE interesting task of locating the A “lost” graves of Tahiti’s pioneer missionaries, whose bodies were laid to rest in the district of Papara, was brought to a satisfactory issue on May 29 when reinforced concrete gravestones, suitably inscribed, were placed over the remains of Tessier (buried in 1820) and Davies (buried in 1855).

Both these men arrived in Tahiti by the convict ship Royal Admiral, which was on its way to Botany Bay in 1801.

In 1808 both fled from the local disturbances to the island of Huahine on the brig Perseverance, and from there sailed for Port Jackson by the Cyclops in 1810.

Davies returned first to the field, reaching Moorea in 1811, and Tessier followed in June, 1813.

After residing again in Huahine, Davies took the post at Papara held by Bicknell (a Buff man who had arrived in 1797).

He remained in charge there for 35 years, dying at the age of 84. Tessier,- after locating himself at Matavai, (Point Venus), on Tahiti, went to assist Bicknell in 1818. On July 23, 1820, Tessier died and was buried by Bicknell, who 21 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Mr. W. W. Bolton, M.A., who has throughout been the most interested and energetic party in searching for these “lost” grave sites, states that he encountered no serious difficulties once a careful search of the records in Sydney and London had been made. Lying in a large coconut plantation, which he discovered to be the burial ground of the early converts to Christianity and the site of the first chapel, there were two graves entirely different from all the rest. Instead of being marked by the usual boulders of black stone, these two were conspicuous among the many scores surrounding them.

Tessier’s was outlined with roughly cut coral blocks, whilst Davies’ was covered by two fiat coral slabs.

That these were the graves of white men was self-evident—even if it were not known definitely that the two w'hite men lay in Papara. That they were missionaries—but not of the Duff band—was soon learned. Here then lay the two fellow voyagers of the Royal Admiral, and as pioneers for the faith that was in them, honour was due. This has now been done.

The weighty gravestones were carried to Papara by truck and lowered into place by means of a derrick. There was a considerable gathering of interested folk to witness the ceremony, including chiefs and sub-chiefs, pastors and deacons of the Protestant Church, and a sprinkling of local white residents who had travelled far in order to be present. Suitable addresses were made by the French Protestant clergymen, Messrs. Moreau and Vernier.

The Papara people accepted the future care of the graves with ready willingness, sending warmest thanks to the London Missionary Society for not only thus vividly recalling the past, but also for meeting the cost of the renovation.

Work of Mr. Bolton Letter to the Editor I READ with interest in the July P.I.M.

A an article by the Rev. Cecil Northcott, M.A., on early missionary days in Tahiti. I regret to notice, however, that Mr. Northcott, like many another presentday writer on historical events, has not taken sufficient pains to ensure accuracy.

He states that the missionaries • who held on in 1798 were five in number, viz Mr. and Mrs. Eyre, and Messrs. Bickneli] Nott, and Jefferson. Actually, those who stuck to their post were Eyre (and wife), Bicknell, Nott, Jefferson, Harris Lewis and Broomhall. (See “Transactions of the Missionary Society,” Vol. 1.) Mr. Northcott further states that “Only recently Tahiti publicly restored the graves of the humble heroes who brought the Gospel to her.” Actually, the work of locating and restoring the graves (excepting those of Nott and McKean) , been done by my old friend, Mr.

W. W. Bolton, of Papeete. After long and painstaking search he has located the graves of Jefferson and Lewis at Matavai, and of Tessier and Davies at Papara. Mr. Bolton is now busy in connection with the restoration of the graves of Jefferson and Lewis at Matavai. and the locating of the graves of Scott and Bicknell in the neighbourhood of Papetoai, Moorea.

AT Th J. S , Work is Purely a labour of love on Mr. Bolton’s part. He gratefully acknowledges the receipt of funds from the headquarters of the London Missionary Society to defray the cost of labour and material.

The graves of Nott and McKean at Arqe were located and restored some years ago by a small self-appointed committee of English and American residents.

They are now kept in good order by Mr.

Smith, one of the members of the committee, whose property adjoins the site of the graves. Had it not been for the activities of Mr. Bolton and the members of the committee the sites of the graves of the pioneer missionaries of the South Seas would probably to-day be unknown and unmarked.

An article in the Pacific Islands Monthly 23 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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No Dieting—No Headaches —No Stabbing Pains of July 23, 1935, from your own correspondent in Tahiti, gives a very good account of Mr. Bolton’s activities.

In conclusion, I would like to bring under the notice of those of your readers who may be interested in the early history of Tahiti and the adjoining islands that the Mitchell Library in Sydney has practically everything that has been written on this subject, including many original letters and diaries of the early missionaries.

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Cremorne Point, Sydney, July 27, 1936.

Influenza’s Toll in the Cook Islands From Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, July 4.

OFFICIAL returns for the six months ending March 31 now being available, it appears that the recent report concerning influenza deaths in the Northern Group was slightly incorrect. The correct figures are 16 persons in Manihiki and S in Rakahanga, a total of 24 for the two islands, in place of those given in the May issue of the P.I.M.

New Paper Mill

£500,000 Project for Papua THE establishment of a mill at Collingwood Bay in Papua for the manufacture of pulp and paper from grass indigenous to Papua and New Guinea, was outlined by Mr. P. R. Higgins, chairman of the British Australian Pulp and Paper Company, Ltd., at a luncheon on July 27, to Mr. Johnston Tait, paper mill engineer, on the eve of his departure for Edinburgh.

Mr. Higgins said that Mr. Tait had been engaged for some months, in cooperation with Bertrams, Ltd., of Edinburgh, for the design of the company’s mill and plant for the manufacture of paper pulp at Collingwood Bay, Papua, and the company’s mill and plant for the manufacture of fine writing and printing paper, at Port Stephens, N.S.W.

“The first unit of plant, with an output of 15,000 to 20,000 tons of bleached pulp each year, to be established at Collingwood Bay,” Mr. Higgins said, “will alone represent a capital expenditure of approximately £500,000 in the territory.”

Adventures Of A Samoan

STOWAWAY From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, July 16.

AT the Police Court on July 6, Pila Wilkes, a native of Western Samoa, was sent to gaol for six weeks with hard labour, then to be deported to Apia.

Wilkes has been having some hectic adventures. He stowed away at Apia on the steamer Cape Horn. At Vancouver he was deported and put on board the Aorangi. He escaped from the liner at Auckland, and two days later was recaptured and sent to Wellington on board the Monowai for Sydney, In Australia he again disappeared, but was arrested at Circular Quay, Sydney, and failed to pass a dictation test in German.

Sub-Inspector Flower, of the Fiji Constabulary, said that the next thing he heard of him was when he found him on the Cape Horn. He warned the captain not to allow Wilkes ashore at Fiji, but again the Samoan escaped. He remained free from June 26 till July 5, when a Punjabi police officer arrested him.

Southern Pacific Insurance Co.

A N issue early in August of 50,000 shares in Southern Pacific Insurance Co., Ltd., which was limited to registered shareholders in W. R. Carpenter and Co., Ltd., was over-subscribed approximately threefold.

Total issue comprised 75,000 ordinary shares of £1 each, of which 25,000 were to be taken up by W. R. Carpenter and Co., Ltd., and its associates, that company undertaking also to take up any of the shares offered to its shareholders which might not be applied for.

It is proposed to apply for listing of the shares on the Sydney Stock Exchange.

Mrs. J. F. Montague, of Auckland, New Zealand, is visiting Suva, where she is the guest of her son, Mr. Clive Montague, and his wife. 24 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Savage Socialism For Samoa

“Goodwill Mission” Warns Planters that Chinese Labour System Must End APIA, July 11.

I HAVE just come away from an amazing sight—a New Zealand Minister trying to persuade about 50 hard-headed Samoan planters to apply to their industry the principles of Savage Socialism; and then, when the planters did not fall enthusiastically into line, informing them that Socialist conditions are coming eventually, wh«ther they like it or not.

In German times this was a rich and flourishing territory. Planters and traders, both German and British, were encouraged to plant and trade, and generally make use of the exceedingly fertile soil. There is no labour available here.

The Samoan will not work. Why should he? He has ample land, and an extraordinary abundance of every kind of food.

So the German authorities brought in indentured Chinese labourers—thousands of them. A little time before the war there were some 4,000 Chinese—well-fed, well paid (for them), and happy enough— working the plantations. Everyone prospered. The D.H. and P.G. paid an annual dividend of between 30 and 40 per cent.

Then came the war, and economic paralysis, followed by the “Old Granny Government” of New Zealand. For 16 years now Samoa has been governed by a numerous tribe of well-paid but quite unimaginative officials. They have “cleaned up” and partly educated the natives, and introduced good roads, bridges, electric light, and water supply. But they have done nothing, or almost nothing, for the economic advancement and development of the country. It is a fact that not one settler from New Zealand (apart from returned officials) has come to Samoa to engage in planting.

Some have come to Samoa and examined the position—and then have buttoned up their pockets and fled from the country.

I have never been in a richer Pacific territory than this. There is a most fertile soil, ample rainfall, a comparative absence of pests and diseases. But I go from one end of the island to the other, and I And no prosperity and a discouraged and pessimistic community of planters. There has been a Depression, of course —but it is not enough to explain this condition of affairs. The answer is found in the attitude of some of the older Britishers, who say quite openly that this petty little Government from New Zealand is nothing short of a calamity, and urge that, since it is not possible to reestablish pre-1914 conditions, an effort should be made to have Samoa taken over by the British Colonial Office.

There are many charges against the N.Z. authorities, all summed up in years of indifference of officialdom towards the needs of the planters and the possibilities of the planting industry.

Then* is, for instance, the matter of labour. When New Zealand took charge here in 1920 there were perhaps 1,200 Chinese labourers. To-day there are 390.

New Zealand allowed many plantations to return to the jungle. Then the Depression reduced the labour needs of many plantations; but now that the market for 25 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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copra, cocoa, etc., is much improved, planters are looking around for more labour. The prospect is alarming.

A rumour ran along the beach last week that it had been decided that one way in which this Socialist Mission would express goodwill would be to banish the Chinese labour—not only the artisans of the town, but also the essential labourers from the plantations.

The planters were literally stunned by the news. Therefore, when it was made known that to-day the Goodwill Mission would meet the planters, to discuss present conditions and future prospects, the attendance was large. About 50 planters, British and German, were there, and the manager of the Reparation Estates.

Perhaps it should be explained that when New Zealand occupied this country the German planters were returned to Germany, and their plantations were taken over and operated by a Government institution called Reparation Estates, and the profits therefrom were credited to Germany’s war-debt to the Allies. The Estates have provided comfortable jobs for some worthy and doubtless deserving officials; but their profits have not been a particularly startling quantity. German planters who had married Samoan wives were allowed to remain in the country; and to-day they form an important section of the much reduced Samoan planting community.

To-day’s assembly was interesting.

Without exception they were a well-setup, capable-looking lot of men—l have not seen.a better looking lot of men in any Pacific territory. But they eyed the Minister with great uneasiness—what was he going to do to them? They placed before him their various requests—facts and figures were effectively marshalled to show the need for assisting the planting industry, both in removing restrictions on production, and in finding new markets.

And, of course, they laid weight upon the need for a dependable supply of plantation labour.

The Minister’s reply can be summed up in half a dozen sentences. New Zealand’s obligation was first of all to the natives — the planting industry, and the welfare of the Europeans, while important, were secondary considerations. New Zealand would try to assist the planters by (1) consuming more Samoan bananas and paying a higher price for them; (2) seeking, through the new New Zealand Socialist Government’s marketing organisation a new and better foreign market for copra and cocoa. Chinese labour must go —not immediately perhaps, but eventually; and the possibility of using native and half-caste labour must be fully explored. The Mission was gravely concerned over the long hours worked and low wages paid in Samoa—a 40-hours’ working week must be introduced, and there must be higher wages.

For a time the planters seemed speechless. Then there were some pointed interjections.

When the Minister referred complacently to the banana position a planter said that, at present rates, there was mighty little profit in the banana trade.

Higher prices were essential.

The Minister replied, with some heat, that the N.Z. Government at considerable expense had put on the Maui Pomare to carry bananas, and thus had saved Samoa.

“Don’t think that Samoa is worth a penny piece to us,” he said, “or that we are getting anything out of it all. Samoa is worth nothing to New Zealand—we are simply trying to carry out our obligation.”

No one apparently had the courage to suggest what all were thinking—that if only New Zealand would retire from Samoa and give some other Government a chance everyone would be happy, including New Zealand herself.

Some of the planters protested that if they were deprived of Chinese labour they would inevitably be ruined —the Samoans and European-Samoans cannot be depended upon.

“I am sure that the Samoans will work,” said the Minister. “See how well the young men cultivate the gardens around their secondary schools, and how they work in the mission plantations.”

The planters pointed out, sadly, that the Samoans worked in those places not for money but for position. Mission students became pastors, for instance, and after that they would work no more as labourers.

The Minister, with the assurance born of ignorance and Socialist prejudice, said that he was sure that the Samoans even- 26 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Other speakers declared that a 40hours’ week and larger wages were impossible—the planters barely could live under present conditions.

The Minister, in the manner of a kindly teacher, said that of course it was recognised that, if costs were to be increased, income must be increased also.

Therefore, there would be more bananas consumed in New Zealand; and the Socialist Government’s brand-new plan for marketing New Zealand products overseas would also be responsible for bigger and better markets for Samoan copra and cocoa.

The audience sat stunned and silent.

No one asked how the little New Zealand Government, selling its little bit of Samoan copra, was going to deal with the Unilever combine, which sits atop of the vegetable oil-seeds market of the world. No one protested against the idea of tying poor, helpless Samoa to the tail of New Zealand’s “great Socialistic experiment in marketing.”

The Minister argued that, as the Samoans “advanced and progressed,” they would abandon their present standard of life, and would need more articles of European manufacture, and therefore would work.

The audience listened, politely, to this Socialist idea of the commercial enslavement of a people who now live free and happy, and able to provide with very little work for all their simple needs. They pointed out that the Samoan natives have plenty of land, and when they want money they will cultivate their land and sell the produce, instead of working for others.

The Minister’s companion, Mr. O’Brien, told the meeting about the early history of the Queensland sugar industry to prove his contention that the removal of the Chinese labourers would not ruin Samoa, The sugar plantations were worked by kanakas and other indentured labourers, he said: and when they were all removed, and white labour substituted, everyone cried out that the industry would be destroyed. Instead of that the industry today is extremely prosperous.

No one present had the heart to remind the well-meaning gentleman that the cases are in no sense parallel—that Queensland sugar is consumed in Australia, under a frightfully heavy tax which keeps all foreign sugar out and provides a bonus to allow surplus Queensland sugar to be exported. Samoa could no more consume its own products (copra, cocoa, bananas) than it could hop on one leg to Fiji.

“I must reaffirm, friends,” said the Minister, in conclusion, “that we are very concerned about the Chinese position, and the hours and wages position. However, we realise your position, and we are not going to make any sudden change—we want to help you.”

And with that the meeting dispersed, very gloomily.

LATER.

Already the glad news is circulating.

The Chinese coolies are reported to be restless and demanding more money, as recommended by “big fella Minista.”

Yet, whenever it is known in Hong Kong and Canton that a couple of hundred Chinese are wanted for the Samoan plantations (1/9 per day, with comfortable quarters and native Samoan wives, if required) recruits are available in tens of thousands.

H. W. ROBSON.

“Joseph Conrad” at Sea Again From Our Own Correspondent PAPEETE, July 7.

THE three-masted, square-rigged sailing ship, Joseph Conrad, arrived safely in Papeete in June, after a strenuous passage of 79 days from Papua. News of her arrival was immediately telegraphed to Australia and America to allay the anxiety of the public over her whereabouts.

After leaving Samarai in March, a call was made at Lord Howe Island to take in a supply of vegetables and live stock, and the vessel then proceeded to the south, where she ran into a heavy gale in Lat. 43.

In this storm the Conrad suffered some damage to her rigging and spars. One of the boats was washed overboard. Undoubtedly it was the wreckage of this— cast ashore in New Zealand—which gave rise to the reports of the vessel’s loss.

After repairing ship—done by her own crew—and taking in provisions for the remainder of the voyage, the sailer left on July 2 for New York by way of Cape Horn. The two lady passengers and two American cadets stayed over in Papeete, leaving only the British cadets aboard.

Captain Villiers expected to reach New York in about 95 days. 27 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Sowani Paumau, First Native Medical Practitioner in the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, who for many years has done much fine work in Central Pacific, has retired from the service of the Western Pacific High Commission.

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ALOHA Co.’s.

THE announcement in July that share- M holders in Aloha Central Gold Mine, N.L., received a first and final dividend of 4/8 a share and Aloha Syndicate holders £6/4/5 a share marked the last of these sensational stocks. The legal manager (Mr. J. H. Roxburgh) stated in a circular to shareholders that with these payments “the existence of the companies is automatically terminated.”

Aloha Syndicate £lO shares during the Fiji gold boom last year touched £650.

Shares in Aloha Central, an offset, reached £4O.

When a second offshoot, Aloha Alluvials, was floated in May, 1935, the £5 shares touched £l7. It was calculated that the rights and market valuation of each original Aloha Syndicate £lO share were worth in all £1,134 —three months after formation.

Aloha Alluvials, which was wound up at the beginning of this year, returned £3/13/9 a share of unexpended money on the final distribution Mr. and Mrs. A. Hallam-Roberts arrived in Sydney from Suva with their son Richard by the Monterey on July 13.

Mr. Hallam-Roberts, Who was for some time Chief Police Magistrate in Fiji, has been transferred to Zanzibar.

Relief of Archbold Party Pilot Koch’s Hazardous Flight Into Central N. Guinea TO bring relief to the Archbold scientific expedition, which was cut off in the interior of New Guinea, with a diminishing food supply and the petrol for the wireless transmitter exhausted when its Amphibian was wrecked at Pt.

Moresby, a Guinea Airways ’plan© made a 900-mile non-stop round flight in eight hours, and dropped food and gasoline by parachute.

The flight is regarded as one of the most successful in New Guinea aviation history, and great credit is due to the pilot, Mr. A. Koch. The country traversed contained mountains 8,000 to 14,000 feet high, where weather changes are frequent, and flying conditions can become very difficult and often impossible.

The advance field party of the American Museum of Natural History expedition was camped on the Blucher mountains, near the headwaters of the Strickland River, a tributary of the Fly. A ’plane was the only means of getting to them in reasonable time, as the expedition would have been in a rather bad way without immediate supplies.

Mr. Russell Rogers, the Archbold expedition’s pilot, flew across in a small ’plane from Pt. Moresby to Lae, to act as guide for Mr. Koch. Fitted with extra tankage to give a range of 1,000 miles, Guinea Airways’ tri-motor Ford left Lae on July 19 for Mount Hagen landing ground.

Carried Rice And Petrol

Carrying 1,500 lbs. of rice and a quantity of petrol, the ’plane took off, and headed for Mount Blucher, in Central New Guinea.

A specially-prepared bed of kunai grass had been made, five feet deep, to receive the supplies when they were dropped from the air; but bad weather prevented them from being dropped where it was intended. Instead, they were dropped about two miles from the party’s camp, some from a height of 100 ft., some from 500 ft.

When the land party salvaged the gasoline, the transmitter was soon put into working order. Advice was sent that all the supplies dropped had been found.

Further supplies have been taken up the Fly River by the launch Maira, which left Port Moresby on July 14.

PARTY TO RETURN TO U.S.A.

It has been decided to abandon the scientific expedition for the present, and on their return from the interior the party will depart for America. The leader of the party (Dr. Richard Archbold) has intimated that he and companions will go back again to Papua next year, with a twin-enginbd Sikorsky flying boat.

Madame R. Guegan, of Noumea, arrived in Sydney from New Caledonia by the Laperouse on July 28, en route to France for a holiday. She was accompanied by her two children, Suzanne and Francois, Pastor H. L. Tolhurst, superintendent of S.D.A. mission work in Tonga, arrived in Sydney by the Marama on July 28 to attend an Adventist conference in Victoria. He was accompanied by his wife and their five children. Mr. Tolhurst, whose headquarters are nine miles from Nukualofa, first went to the Friendly Islands as a missionary in 1915. 28 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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m/uk (ftcm the (finest Uinqimm leeyf C.I. FRUIT M.P.’s Continue Inquiry From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, July 12. /CONTINUING the inquiry into the Cook lslands fruit industry, three members of the New Zealand Parliament arrived here on the Makura yesterday.

The delegation consists of Messrs. Robertson (Govt.), Hunter (Govt.), and Holland (Opposition), accompanied by Mr.

Smith (Secretary for the Cook Is. Department).

Officially welcoming the party, Judge Ayson, C.M.G. (Resident Commissioner) expressed confidence in the result of the visit and hoped that as a consequence 1936 would be remembered as the most important and brightest year in the history of the group. Stressing the cordial relationship which exists between the Maori and European population, the Commissioner trusted that in addition to their official duties the visitors would find time to see something of the internal life and conditions of Rarotonga.

Replying on behalf of his colleagues, Mr. Robertson prefaced his remarks by reading a message from the Prime Minister (Mr. Savage) to the Cook Islanders in which the former, using the picturesque phraseology customary under such circumstances, said that the Government had “received their prayer for assistance and had opened the doors of Parliament to their delegates.”

Referring to the members’ visit, Mr.

Savage in his message urged the people, irrespective of rank or position, to come forward freely and speak without fear.

If the Islanders would do their part by producing good fruit, by properly handling, picking, and packing same, the N.Z.

Government would also do its share by helping them to market it. Parliament’s decision in this matter would be made public before the end of the year.

Growers’ Association To Market Their Own Produce From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, July 8. (~)N June 2, the Fruit Growers’ Associaw tion held a meeting of all District Committees, over a 100 persons attending a four-hour session during which a number of important matters were dealt with.

Mr. William Mcßirney (Chairman) gave a detailed account of the recent visit to New Zealand by the Association’s delegates. One outcome of this was the impending merger with the powerful N.Z. Fruitgrowers’ Federation, an action which the Chairman felt would greatly strengthen their own position.

Continuing, the Chairman said that it was now proposed to appoint Mr. Morrish, of Wellington, who was a former official of the Federation, to act as their distributing agent on an Inclusive commission of 6d per case for oranges and bananas, and 3d for tomatoes. The only further “charge” members would have, exclusive of freight, Govt, inspection fees, etc., would be one not exceeding 6d a case to meet the Association’s cost of handling. This, together with the proposed commission levy/ would amount to a maximum charge of 1/ per case against an approximate 2/ under current conditions.

The Association, moreover, would import its own cases—saving members 5d per box, inclusive of wrapping paper. The first 1,000 cases had already arrived and a further 2,000 were due on the next steamer.

Dealing with space allocations on the Union Go’s boats, Mr. Mcßirney contended that space should be at the command of growers and not, as was now the case, a virtual monopoly in the hands of fruit buyers. There were numerous instances in which growers, not owing money to any of the fruit exporting firms, had been unable to ship away their fruit, the firms in question preferring to take their requirements from those producers who were in their debt, it was now proposed to submit a scheme to the Union Co. under which the whole of the shipping space would be under the control of the Director of Agriculture, who would make the necessary allocations after receiving notice of packing-shed requirements. This motion met with considerable applause, The last matter discussed was the organisation of the Association on a permanent footing, so that it might be brought into conformation with the rules 29 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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of the N.Z, Fruitgrowers’ Federation. It was proposed—and carried—that the capital should consist of 10,000 shares at 57 each, on which it was proposed to make an immediate call of 2/ per issued share. Minimum and maximum holdings per member were respectively two and 200 shares.

Interviewed later, the Chairman explained that it w T as his intention to build up the Association—which contained over 800 members —to a position where it could successfully demonstrate 'the handling of fruit on a basis profitable to the grower. Orders for the coming steamer amounted to well over 1,000 cases at quite satisfactory prices. He could foresee no reason why an average of 5/ a case for oranges should not be steadily maintained.

Opinions gleaned from other sources indicate a feeling—by no means unreasonable —that it is premature at this stage to place the Association upon such a permanent basis. No one is as yet aware what form the findings of the Parliamentary Committee will take, and there is always a possibility that the whole local fruit industry may come under direct Government control. In the latter case a large part of the Association’s present and suggested activities would automatically cease. • Pastor A. G. Stewart, vice-president of the Australasian Union Conference of Seventh Day Adventists, returned to Australia from a visit to Central Pacific by the Marama on July 28. After spending a month in Fiji, Mr. Stewart went across to Western Samoa to inspect S.D.A. mission stations there.

May Create Unrest

Evolution of N.G. Native Copra Producers From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, July 15. residing in the vicinity of Rabaul have commenced erecting their own copra kilns on modern lines and are producing a high-grade copra equal to that made on European plantations.

Native producers are disposing of their copra direct to the exporters and consequently are obtaining higher prices than when sold in small parcels to local traders.

The result of this step is that the small traders are being deprived of much of their former business and natives are becoming possessed of more money. This latter phase has a tendency to create unrest and dissatisfaction amongst natives working for wages in and around Rabaul.

Fears are expressed in some quarters that this policy of the natives dealing direct with the exporters, which is encouraged by the Administration, may have far-reaching effects and react to the detriment of the employers of native labour. The situation is looked upon as most ominous in certain quarters.

Sydney Men Discover New Island ANEW island has been discovered in the south-west Pacific by four Sydney men, Messrs. Norman K. Wallis, Henry Newton-Scott, John W. Forsyth, and Gil- - Whitley (ichthyologist to the Australian Museum).

Cruising in the schooner Wanderer, the party came upon the island lying in the four-mile-wide Elizabeth Reef, north of Lord Howe Island. It was taken possession of in the name of King Edward VIII, and called Forsyth Land, after Forsyth who forecast its use as a seaplane base on the Sydney-Fiji-America route.

In the opinion of Mr. Whitley, the new island is in the centre of the best biggame fishing ground in the Pacific. He said that Elizabeth Reef had not been visited since a ship was wrecked there in 1909. The island had formed since, and is growing rapidly.

Sydney Fighting Cock Wins First Battle in Tahiti THE fighting cock of old English breed shipped to Tahiti in July by Mr. W.

M. Reid, Islands agent of Sydney, has won his first contest. His owner, Mr. Fred Haereaaroa, was so pleased that he cabled for two more like him.

Mr. Reid received this news on July 29 by cable, and two promising fighting cocks were shipped for Papeete the following day by the Maunganui.

The fight was held on the racecourse at Tahiti during the French 14th of July celebrations. Under Tahitian rules the battle is to the death. Apparently, the newcomer won handsomely from the deceased champion, who also was born and bred in Sydney.

Mr. C. E, Monck, who has leased the Rabaul Hotel from Messrs. Nelson and Robertson Ltd., departed from Sydney for New Guinea, after a business visit by the Montoro on July 29. 30 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Cook Group’S New Dentist

From Our Own Correspondent.

RAROTONGA, July 14.

MR. C. E. CLARKE arrived here to-day to take over the dental practice made vacant by the death last year of Mr. C.

O. Hodgkins.

Mr. Clarke will have charge of the School Dental Clinic during the forenoon and will practise privately in the afternoon.

It is to be hoped that with a permanent dentist in attendance the general condition Q f the children’s teeth will show marked improvement. In 1934, an inspection by the Medical Officer revealed 49.91 per cent. septic teeth present in local schools.

Castaway in Society Group Causes Stir in Sydney t’XCITEMENT was caused in Sydney in July when Mrs. C. T. P. Ulm. wife of the Australian airman who disappeared in 1934 while on a flight from California to Honolulu, announced that she believed the castaway seen in the Society Group by the Port Darvnn was her husband.

Captain Hudson, of the Port Darvnn. was immediately interviewed again, and re-told his story. He said that when the vessel was passing Motu Iti he noticed smoke coming from the island. Through glasses he saw a man waving his arms and piling brushwood on a fire to create more smoke. The weather was too unfavourable to lower a boat, so he sent a wireless message to Tahiti.

The Australian newspapers seized upon Mrs. Ulm’s statement and gave it full prominence. For a week people were persuaded that Charles Ulm might be alive and a castaway on an uninhabited island in the Pacific.

The demand for information became so clamant that the Federal Government took a hand. Official cables were despatched to Papeete to find out if any attempt had been made to rescue the man on Motu Iti. A reply came back that the island was at present inhabited by a group of Tahitians who were working for the lessee. The message stated that the concessionaire would visit the place at the end of July, Mr. W. M. Reid, Sydney exporter, who knows the Society Group well, expressed the opinion that if the person were deliberately signalling the ship, he was probably a native from nearby Bora Bora who has lost his canoe.

Gradually the stir subsided, and finally died out when a further perusal was made of the reports from Honolulu at the time when Ulm was lost.

The aviator’s last message flashed from the ’plane as the Star of Australia was going down, into the sea was that he was within 300 miles of the Hawaiian Group.

In view of this, if was fantastic to believe that the ’plane, even if it had floated, would have carried Ulm and the crew 2300 miles due south to the Society Group.

The Curse Of The South

SEAS HOW long- has the mosquito been known in the Pacific Islands?

The torturing, stinging, disease-carrying pest is now found everywhere; but there is evidence that, a couple of hundred years ago, it was practically unknown.

Herman Melville, in Chapter 29 of “Typee,” said that the mosquito was known then only in the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii) and at one or two of the Society Islands (Tahiti). Mosquitoes were not then known in the Marquesas, where Melville lived. “The mosquitoes,” said Melville, “were accidentally introduced to the South Seas by Europeans and may yet become a great pest.”

Dr. R. W. Cooper, of the Health Department in New Guinea, returned to the Territory from long leave by the Montoro from Sydney on July 29. Accompanying him were his wife and two daughters, Hilary and Cynthia. 32 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Its Diagnosis and Treatment BY M.G.

"DABAUL Inertia” is an endemic disease affecting the populace of the capital of T.N.G. The germ was isolated and named, I think, by the P.I.M.

Whether the complaint is curable is at present unknown, but that some people are immune is proved by such “live wares” as Jack Mullaly (late M.L.C.).

Another complaint which should receive more attention is “New Guineaitis.”

This is a disease often contracted by residents of New Guinea within 12 months of their arrival. Being so common, like hookworm, it is often ignored with most serious results.

Symptoms: Onset gradual, often unnoticed by the patient but apparent to observers. Patient shows a disposition to excessive thirst, only assuaged by beer cr whisky. This is followed by a disinclination to engage in any serious exercise, particularly if such can be designated as work. Loss of interest in his favourite authors and a craving for Edgar Wallace and the yellow-backs.

Collars and ties become abhorrent, whilst a white jacket may bring on a fit. Shaving causes considerable irritation, and will only be undertaken every two or three days. Intelligent interest in the natives will be displaced by an intense hatred but complete surrender to their intrigues and machinations.

The patient becomes languid; the memory fails; desire to acquire further knowledge of any description will disappear. “Pidgin” will cease to flow from the mouth, but a hybrid English will be noticed having a bluish tinge. Distinct signs of “agin the Government” will appear, and the word “Mission” will cause great agitation.

As the disease progresses, the thirst increases considerably. Exercise is apparently impossible. The appetite (for solids) is lost, and meals are partaken very irregularly. The waistline shows considerable distention. The face becomes yellow and flaccid.

A liking for debts appears. Balanced reasoning and sensible discussion is lost, and the patient constantly complains of malaria and B.P.’s. Death is usually sudden and generally is annotated “Black water.”

Treatment: If the disease is chronic there is little hope of recovery. A term of imprisonment may assist, but the only cure so far known to be effective is removal from the source of infection.

Great difficulty is found, however, in inducing the patient to undertake this treatment.

Prolonged unemployment followed by deportation has been used with success, but care is necessary to prevent the patient suiciding. The application of the “dog act” has been tried without marked results.

Prevention: A nagging wife, who is herself not infected, is the best prophylactic. Dire poverty or ten kids may stave off the onset but again suicide must be expected. Epsom salts have not proved successful!

Mr. F. W. Kitching, of the Lord Howe Island Board of Control which manages the affairs of the little island, arrived In Sydney by the Morinda on July 15.

No Japanese Boat-builders for Thursday Is.

From Our Own Correspondent THURSDAY ISLAND, July 15. of the local pearling fraternity recently joined together in a united request to the Commonwealth Government for permission to employ indentured Japanese in the boat building and repairs industry. They stated that the Australian workmen here are unable to cope with the large amount of repair work before them.

The Minister for the Interior has refused permission. He stated he was satisfied that the company at present employing only white labour could cope with the work in a satisfactory manner.

Messrs. Wallace H. Smith (chairman of Emperor Mines Ltd.), P. F. Cody (chairman of Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L.), and T. R. Victor (Melbourne mining engineer) returned to Australia from a visit to the Tavua goldfield, Fiji, by the Monterey on July 13.

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Shell Diver K Illed By

SHARK THURSDAY IS., July 12.

BUFFERING from terrible injuries inflicted by a shark, Willie, 16, an aboriginal employed at Aukubun Mission, died a few minutes after being dragged from the water off Nepean Island, near Thursday Island, on July 6. He had been diving for trochus shell on the reef.

His companion, Cockatoo, had a narrow escape. Standing in water up to his neck, he saw the shark swimming rapidly towards him. He dived, and as the shark rushed past, he twisted his body and pushed the monster off with both hands.

He then dived into a hole in the coral where he remained until he could hold his breath no longer. Rising to the surface, he was assisted into the boat.

N.Z. Preferential Tariff Urged Judge Watson’s Lecture on Samoan Produce From Our Own Correspondent APIA, July 1.

V N interesting lecture was given to Samoan planters at Apia recently by Chief Judge R. M. Watson, who has been in Samoa on circuit duty. Acting- Administrator Turnbull occupied the chair, while Mr. D. Eden (manager of N.Z. Reparation Estates) represented the Samoan Planters’ Association, sponsors of the address.

Introducing the lecturer, Mr. A. C.

Turnbull pointed out that Judge Watson had resided in Samoa twice, during the war and post war period, and was well known to old Samoan residents. He had taken great interest in Samoan affairs, and in his extensive travels abroad had visited many tropical countries and studied their agricultural products.

Opening his address, Judge Watson stated that he would confine himself to hard facts and statistical material. He had compiled a chart showing the actual products at present grown in Samoa. The main crops were coconuts and cocoabeans, of which copra was sold exclusively on the European and American markets, while cocoabeans were supplied to Europe and America, and in smaller quantities to Australia and New Zealand.

For all other products (bananas, coffee, arrowroot, etc.) and possible products (sago, tapioca, vanilla, nutmegs, cinnamon and cloves) New Zealand was the only market. To compete with foreign and Empire products, the New Zealand Government should be approached to grant a preferential tariff for Samoan products. Without such a tariff, Samoa would be unable to stand up against Asiatic countries with their cheap labour and mass production.

Showing the position in regard to coffee, the lecturer gave official trade statistics of imports into New Zealand, proving that it should be possible for Samoa to support most or a substantial portion of the coffee consumed there. He added that Samoan coffee was far superior in quality to most of the brands now sold in New Zealand. It was, of course, necessary to establish a market in New Zealand, which should not be difficult once a preferential duty was granted by the Government.

The position was equally favourable in regard to desiccated coconut, which could be produced easily in Samoa in sufficient quantities to fill the whole of the demand in New Zealand.

Judge Watson then outlined his views on how Samoan products should be handled in New Zealand. It was planned to form a commercial company for that purpose, which could propagate and handle the sale of Samoan produce, charging only a small profit. With the Samoan growers co-operating and the N.Z. Government favourably inclined, the project would have fair prospects of success and should benefit Samoan planters considerably.

Complimenting the lecturer on his lucid and instructive address, Mr. D.

Eden (President of the Planters’ Association) pointed out that the production of desiccated coconut required special 34 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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PERMANENCE CROCKETT & CO. LTD., 379 Kent St., Sydney Cables: “Pinetree” machinery and, consequently, an outlay of capital which the private planter did not possess. Consequently it would fall to the N.Z. Reparation Estates to show the way. For several of the alternative products, conditions in Samoa were unsuitable. One or two could probably be grown as a sideline by small planters.

There was a new settlement scheme now under consideration by the Administration, stated Mr. Eden, under which local men would be settled at Saleinoa on small blocks of land. The possibilities mentioned by Judge Watson might aid these new settlers to establish themselves.

Hon, I. H. Carruthers pointed out that before experimenting with new crops, it would be necessary to make certain of the preferential duties to be granted by New Zealand, else Samoa would be moving in a vicious circle. As mother country New Zealand was bound to assist in the development of Western Samoa, he added.

A Zeppelin service between Europe and Java (Dutch East Indies) will be opened in 1937, states Dr. Bronsing, chairman of the Dutch Zeppelin Syndicate. The scheduled time for the voyage will be under six days.

“Bounty” Descendant to Visit Australia A DESCENDANT of Eletcher Christian, leader of the Bounty mutineers, Mr.

Fred Christian, will leave Pitcairn Island late in August on a visit to Australia.

As an elder of the S.D.A. Church on Pitcairn. Mr. Christian has been invited to attend the Australasian Conference of Seventh Day Adventists, to begin in Melbourne on August 31 and continue for a fortnight.

Early in July a passage order was posted from Sydney, to enable him to join ships of any line passing close to the island.

Pitcairn has a small wireless transmitter, and it is expected that this will be used in an endeavour to divert the first passing vessel after the order is received.

Mr. Christian has never before been near big cities in his life. He once made a trip to Tahiti, but his travels, otherwise have been in open boats chiefly to the uninhabited Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands. Pitcairn Islanders make occasional and sometimes perilous journeys to those islands to gather coconuts and firewood.

The liner he may catch probably will terminate in Auckland, N.Z., and he will have to join the first vessel sailing from there for Australia.

Dr. Frances Harding, of the Seventh Day Adventist mission, returned to Sydney by the July Monterey after a six weeks’ tour of Fiji. To report on the health of natives at S.D.A. mission stations in the Colony, she made a 1000 miles voyage through the group in a 48ft. boat. Dr. Harding found the natives’ health generally to be good, but many had very poor teeth.

Mr.Ragnar A. Lindahl, well-known as Swedish Consul at Rabaul, T.N.G. sends the accompanying photograph from Stockholm, Sweden, with the laconic statement: “Le Pou de Ciel—the Flying Flea.

Made by myself and flown, too.” 35 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Makogai Lepers Given

Fishing Launch

From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND, July 15.

AN 18ft. launch, which has been presented by four Auckland business firms to the lepers of Makogai Island, Fiji, was shipped by the Monovoai on July 7. Built by W. G. Lowe and Sons, the boat was constructed specially to suit the requirements of the patients on the island, and will be used extensively for fishing and other trips. It has a beam of 6ft. 6in. and a draught of only 3ft., so that it can be manoeuvred in the shallow lagoons inside the reefs.

About 18 months ago, the Makogai authorities visited Mr. Lowe with plans of a suitable launch, which it was proposed to purchase with money raised for the purpose. After preparing detailed plans, Mr.

Lowe said he would build the vessel free.

When his generosity became known, John Burns and Co. offered to donate the ship chandlery, while Mr. R. A. Campbell contributed the shaft and tube. The rudder and shoe were given by A. and T. Burt Ltd.

Rev. R. Sandells, of the Australian Churches of Christ, who has been working as a missionary in the New Hebrides for the past seven years, arrived in Sydney by the Morinda on July 15. With his wife and young daughter he later departed for Melbourne on a health trip. Mr. Sandells’ headquarters in the Condominium are on the island of Pentecost, U.S.-New Zealand Air Service Preparations Still in Progress "PREPARATIONS for the proposed air A line between the United States and New Zealand are still in progress, Colonel Clarence Young, of San Francisco, who is in charge of Pan American Airways’

Trans-Pacific service told interviewers recently. Before any definite move is made, the P.A. organisation is awaiting the completion of the present ’Frisco-Oriental route across the North Pacific in August.

Reports from Hawaii indicate that Pan American Airways’ supply ship North Haven will shortly begin a further preparation of the bases for the Honolulu- New Zealand route, visiting Kingman Reef and other sites. There is also a report . current in Hawaii that the Fiji Government has invited P.A. Airways to use the landing facilities in the Colony.

The United States Federal Superintendent of Airways (Mr. William T.

Miller) will shortly board the coastguard cutter Itasca at Honolulu for Baker. Howland and Jarvis Islands. Officers and radio equipment will be taken to supplement the small “colonies” of Hawaiian boys who were placed on those islands last year to strengthen America’s claim to the tiny dots of land.

Upper air weather observation stations will be established on the three islands to co-operate with the Pago Pago and Honolulu stations in making available weather data to the Honolulu-New Zealand air line. Mr. Miller, who is associated with the U.S. Commerce Department, said that the white officers would probably remain on the islands for a year.

Larger Output for Lautoka Sugar Mill From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, July 15.

U/ITH a view to increasing its capacity, extensive alterations to the Lautoka sugar mill have recently taken place.

The work was done in the slack season, and the result is that the crushing power of the mill has been tripled.

To expedite the work, a number of skilled mechanics were imported from Australia and New Zealand, and much employment was also provided for local men. There was no European or halfcaste workman in the district who did not find a job while the alterations were under way.

As usual with new machinery, the plant took a while to settle in, and it was a week or two before it was running up to full efficiency. However, now that it is working smoothly, there will no doubt be a very large increase in the amount of sugar handled by the mill.

Miss Olive (Mulienafau) V. Nelson, a daughter of Mr. O. F. Nelson, was admitted as a barrister and solicitor of the Supreme Court of New Zealand at Auckland recently, by Mr. Justice Ostler on the motion of Mr. A. H. Johnstone, K.C.

Although there are several women in New Zealand entitled to practise as solicitors only, there is only one other woman in Auckland who can claim the distinction Miss Nelson has achieved. 36 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Phantom Paradise

First Complete Account of De Rays Expedition ALL people interested In the nineteenth century history of the Pacific will be grateful to Mademoiselle J. H. Niau; for, in writing “The Phantom Paradise” she has produced, not only a most readable book, but also a valuable addition to available records.

The “Marquis de Ray’s Expedition” is known by name to practically everyone who has wandered in the Pacific; but very few knew the actual, complete story, with its attendant tragedies of fraud, disillusionment and death. It is generally known that the Marquis, by highly-coloured promises, induced a large number of people to go to a “new colony,” on the southern shore of New Ireland, and that many of them died there, in that hopeless, feverridden hole; but a detailed account of the enterprise has not been previously published.

One is surprised at the extent of the fraud —for there seems little doubt that it was simply a gigantic “racket.” One gets the impression, from this carefullycompiled, well-documented book, that the Marquis did not launch his scheme with fraudulent intent. A member of an ancient aristocratic family of Breton, he was a dreamer, a wanderer and a visionary. France was rent by political troubles.

He made a plan—as many another patriot has done—for establishing, overseas, a new, free home for his oppressed countrymen.

But, instead of going personally to see the home of La Nouvelle France, he took the word of one Duperry, commander of the Coquille, who had landed on August 12, 1823, at Port Praslin, on the southern extremity of New Ireland. Duperry described this place as a Pacific Paradise; and De Rays, who had half the Pacific open to his selection, by a most unlucky chance chose this as the location of his new settlement.

De Rays threw himself with great energy into the work of organisation. His first advertisement, offering land at two francs an acre, with “rapid and assured fortune,” appeared in Le Petit Journal on July 26, 1877; and, within the next two or three years, people in France, Italy, Belgium and Spain almost fell over each other in their eagerness to join the expedition and pay the Marquis liberally for the privilege. The progress of the enterprise may be seen from the dates of the sailing of the four vessels which carried the poor, deluded colonists, to the number of nearly 1000, to Port Breton (as it was christened); Chandernagore, left Holland September 14, 1879.

Genii, left Barcelona March 14, 1880.

India, left Barcelona July 9, 1880.

Nouvelle Bretagne, left Barcelona April 7, 1881 No ship sailed out of France. The French authorities were suspicious of the Marquis, from the first, and did their utmost to dissuade people from joining him, and refused clearance to his ships. He defied them, and despatched his ships from other countries. He may have sent away the Chandernagore in good faith—he was dreamer enough—but he knew, before the Genii left in March, 1880, that Port Breton was totally unsuitable for any colonising enterprise. He made no effort to delay the sailing of other ships, or to seek other territory for colonisation. Instead, his lieutenants drove the colonists ashore in the rain-soaked, fever-stricken place, and some even went to extreme length to prevent the wretched people escaping to a more hospitable country. One commander, Captain Henry, refused to put his quota of colonists ashore in New Ireland, and tried to find a home for them elsewhere; but the others seem to have been rascals in the pay of De Rays, and their chief object was to maroon the poor, deluded people and prevent their getting back to civilisation with their damning tale of deceit and cruelty. Altogether, a thousand people were brought out in those ships, to the great enrichment of the Marquis.

The detailed story is a most tragic one— it is hard to believe that the people could have lived through such misery. As a matter of fact, only a proportion of them lived —the graves of the others line the shore of Port Breton and Liki-Liki (another place just around the corner on the south-east coast, to which some of them moved).

The only bright spots in the story are furnished by the heroism of Dr. Baudouin, who stayed with the colonists and fought for them against the Marquis and his gang; and by the hospitality of the missionaries (Rev. Brown and Rev. Benjamin Danks) and traders (Mr. and Mrs. Farrell) in the Duke of York Islands. Mrs. Farrell, presumably, is the lady who was the daughter of Mr. Coe, consul in Samoa. She ran away to the Western Pacific with Mr. Farrell, who was very successful as a trader. 37 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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In time, the settlers either died or got away to Australia, the Philippines, Europe, or some other Pacific island; and, in a few years only a few sticks and stones, many unmarked graves and some cruel memories were all that remained of La Nouvelle Prance.

The Marquis did not escape punishment.

He was arrested and held for trial in July, 1882. The preparation of his trial was a lengthy, intricate business, complicated by the fact that he used every device that money and influence could provide to regain his freedom. On January 2, 1884, he was sentenced to another four years’ imprisonment—a monstrously light sentence considering the deaths and misery he had caused. He was heard of again, about 1890, as the leader of a luxury voyage around the world. He tried to Induce the public to support a hare-brained scheme for making gunpowder out of Breton granite. He died on July 29, 1893.

Even as a romance, “The Phantom Paradise” would be an amazing story. Yet it is true —a tragic bit of the strange chequerbcard of Pacific history.

THE PHANTOM PARADISE, by J. H. Niau.

Published by Angus and Robertson Ltd., Sydney Price 7/6.

Mr. S. A. Roberg, M.1.M.M., left Sydney for New Guinea early in July to take charge of the testing and developmental operations of Developments (New Guinea) N.L. The Company’s property is on the Dunantina River, about 260 miles from Wau.

The Marshall Islands 50 Years Ago Letter to the Editor TN the January issue of the Pacific Islands Monthly, I read an article from a correspondent in Apia, Samoa, dealing with the Marshall Islands 50 years ago.

Noticing several errors therein I would like to correct them for the information of both your correspondent and your readers.

I arrived in Jaluit, Marshall Islands, as one of the crew of a 90-tons schooner from Hamburg, on Christmas Day, 1884, a few months after the German gunboat Nautilus had declared the Group a German Protectorate. I worked in the Marshalls as a sailor, bosun, mate, and trader until 1903, when I left for the Gilbert Islands, where I have resided ever since. Thus I have been for over 51 years a resident of these islands.

I speak both the Marshall and Gilbertese languages fluently, and am well acquainted with their legends, etc., but I have never yet heard a word regarding cannibalism.

Further, there are only 31 atolls in the Marshall Group—not 50 as your correspondent informed us.

The Marshall Islanders are one of the gentlest races in the Pacific. The “continuous wars” were never very bloody and without any great losses on either side.

Women and children were never anywhere near the fighting lines. There were no wars after 1885, when Chief Lailik, of Majuro Island, set out with a fleet of 30 canoes for Aurh to fight Chief Murjil of that island. The fleet did not arrive at Aurh, and was never heard of again, apparently having been lost at sea.

During all my time in the Marshalls, 1 never heard of the natives being “required to build roads” to show their “submission to European rule.” Your correspondent seems to have become a little confused.

Possibly he was thinking of Ponape, in the Caroline Group, where the people of Jekoits village were ordered to build roads, receiving one shilling a day and cancellation of taxes as payment.

These people strongly objected to the building of the roads as they realised that it would inevitably bring them more under the supervision of Government officials.

An upheaval eventually occurred and two or three (I am not quite sure of the figure) white officials were murdered. The natives were punished, and deported to Yap, in the Western Carolines.

The Marshall Islanders were always amenable to law and order after the German flag was hoisted. Had they been ordered to build roads whilst Dr. A. Hahl was Governor of New Guinea, I am sure they would have done so without “the women coming out in support of the Govvernment.”

I can vouch for the foregoing facts, and I hope they. will correct any erroneous ideas regarding the Marshall Islands that might have formed in the minds of your readers.

I am, etc., M. REYMOND.

Butaritari, Gilbert Islands, May 30, 1936.

Mr. E. L. Leembruggen, formerly Government Secretary at Ocean Island, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, sailed from Sydney by the Aorangi recently en route to Fanning Island, to be Administrative Officer for a term. He was accompanied by Mrs. Leembruggen. 38 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Ashes Scattered In

PACIFIC Death of Former Captain of Oceanic Line THE last request of a man who loved the sea and the Pacific Islands where he had sailed so often was granted recently when the ashes of the late Captain William D. Watson were scattered over the sun-lit ocean as the luxurious, modern Matson liner Mariposa steamed from Honolulu to Pago Pago.

Watson was one of the best known and respected officers of the old Oceanic Company in its early days. He first went to the South Seas in 1883 as quartermaster of the three thousand tons Mariposa which, together with her sister ship Alameda, was the pride of the line. He made the initial voyage. on her from Philadelphia, and later became chief offcer.

When the Mariposa was transferred from the United States-Australia run to the San Francisco-Tahiti trip, Captain Watson took command of her on several occasions. He remained with the company until 1912, retiring when the Mariposa was sold to the Alaska Steamship Co.

The kindly old seafarer was well loved by the people of Tahiti, and his loss was mourned by many “old-timers” and veterans of the waterfront.

It is not generally known that the little Mariposa had a part in the romance of the South Seas. Robert Louis Stevenson (Tusitala) made many trips on her. and in his Vailima Letters are several that were penned at sea on board the ship. It is a matter of tradition that he read the proofs of several of his most notable stories while on board the Mariposa.

Mr. George Scott arrived at Thursday Island early in July to join the staff of the Wireless Station. He was accompanied by his wife.

Mr. O. C. K. Corrie, formerly of Palestine, who was recently appointed Chief Justice of Fiji in succession to Sir Maxwell Maxwell-Anderson, arrived in Suva by the July Niagara.

FINED £20 Japanese Captain Threatens Crew of T.I. Lugger THURSDAY IS., July 10. 4 N ugly incident occurred recently on a lugger sailing down the east coast of the Cape York Peninsula, the sequel to which has taken place in the T.I.

Police Court before Mr. J. D. Mac Lean, Police Magistrate.

The Japanese captain of the lugger is alleged to have threatened upon three occasions to use a revolver upon the crew, which was composed of Papuans and Torres Straits Islanders, in order to compel them to work harder. Some years ago this sort of thing would have led to the use of a tomahawk upon the head of the offender. Instead the natives banded together and relieved the captain of his weapon.

The Japanese was fined £2O for the contravention of Australian laws, the Police Magistrate adding that for a second offence of the same nature the penalty would be £5O.

Cook Is. Tomatoes Dumped on N.Z. Markets AUCKLAND, July 10. representations that regulations should be made preventing the flooding of the N.Z. markets by Cook Is. tomatoes have been made at the annual conference of the Dominion Tomato, Soft Fruit, and Produce Council at Wellington.

It was claimed that it was unfair that growers paying high labour and other expenses, should be liable to be robbed cf a fair return for their labour by the sudden dumping on the local market of up to 10,000 cases at a time of Islands fruit, which was grown under entirely different labour conditions.

Members of the Cook Islands delegation, who were present, promised to bear the representations in mind in the course of their inquiry in the Group. 39 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Copyright 1144 MR. A. J. BUTLER T'HE subject of this photograph is known wherever prospectors gather in the goldfields end of New Guinea. Mr.

Al. Jacob Butler (known popularly as “But”—pronounced “Boot”) describes himself modestly as “miner”; but he is fully entitled to be described as an explorer and an authority on native life and customs.

Mr. Butler has lived many years in the Territory, and taken part in some stirring adventures. On one occasion he was attacked by bush natives in the wilds of Kaipit. He defended himself desperately, with his back to a tree, and with spears embedded all around him in the wood. He was eventually saved by the devotion of a native woman, whose child he had treated for hookworm.

On another occasion, “But” had a hairraising experience, while returning to his home on Mt. Kaindi, Edie Creek, at sundown. He was pursued by an enormous python, of which there are very many in that region at certain times of the year.

Until recently, “But” was an enthusiastic amateur jockey. He has lived a life packed with adventures but, like all true pioneers, he is very diffident about relating his experiences.

“Old Timer.”

Mr. L. J. Davis has been appointed a director of Mandated Alluvials, N.L., which is now actively interested in the Astrolabe copper field in Papua.

Mr. W. Gordon, who has had 36 years’ experience in tea planting in Assam, India, arrived in Sydney by the Nankin on July 22. He is interested in stimulating the tea planting industry in New Guinea and Australia.

Canon S. W. Williamson, rector of Tocumwal Anglican Church in the Australian diocese of Rivprina, left Melbourne at the end of July for Nauru and Ocean Island. Each year the Australian Board of Missions sends a clergyman to those islands to hold services for the white residents and to give the children a course of Sunday school teaching over a period of three months.

Mr. A. J. Butler. 40 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Pages From The Past

By Eric Ramsden

The Pitcairners Return to Tahiti nPHOUGH the facts concerning the transfer of the Pitcairners from their native island to Norfolk Island in 1856 are sufficiently well known, little has been placed on record concerning their former migration to Tahiti in 1831.

In the first week of March of that year the total inhabitants, numbering 87, embarked for Papeete, which was reached on the 23rd. The transfer was carried out by Captain Alexander A. Sandilands of His Majesty’s sloop Comet and the barque Lucy Anne, of Sydney (Captain J. Currey).

It was unfortunate, however, that the removal took place that year because Tahiti was then on the brink of civil war. An epidemic soon reduced the ranks of the newcomers by 12. The change, too, in other respects was drastic. The immorality then rife in Tahiti appalled the Pitcairners: they were not happy until they returned to their own island that same year.

Everything possible was done to make the Pitcairners feel at home. Queen Pomare VI. (Aimata) who was then on the threshold of her chequered career, provided land for them, and ordered her fellow-countrymen to build them houses.

During their stay she also accommodated some of the Pitcairners in a large native house in Papeete.

“Although the island was in the most disturbed state on my arrival,” Captain Sandilands reported to the Governor of New South Wales (Sir Ralph Darling), “I was greatly relieved from the anxiety for the situation in which I was placed with the inhabitants of Pitcairn’s Island by receiving from the Queen and her chiefs on one side, and the hostile party on the other, assurances that the promises made by her father . . . would be most strictly executed.”

In the early part of their stay the Pitcairners resided near the Queen’s own property at Papa-oa, a few miles distant from Papeete. Meanwhile, the missionaries and the naval officer's examined what they considered “a very eligible territory” for their future residence. The Queen assembled the chiefs and gave them to understand that the land selected had been given for all time to the newcomers. Throughout the island, declared Captain Sandilands, the Tahitians manifested a feeling of ‘great regard” for the Pitcairners.

With considerable diligence, the local natives endeavoured to trace their relatives among the newcomers: half a century had passed since the Tahitian women had left the island with the Bounty mutineers. In one instance a native woman actually discovered that one of the four remaining Tahitian women who had returned was her long lost sister.

From Sydney Sir Ralph Darling acknowledged Captain Sandiland’s report on March 26, 1831. ‘‘The manner in which this service has been conducted,” he declared, “cannot fail to prove highly satisfactory to His Majesty’s Government.”

But when Captain Fremantle arrived at Tahiti some months later he found that all the Pitcairners had returned to their own island. Assistance in inducing an American vessel to convey them thither was given by the missionaries and other friends.

“It is an extraordinary circumstance,” reported the naval officer, “that many of the copper bolts of the Bounty which had been brought to Otaheiti from Pitcairn’s Island by the Islanders, were taken by the master of the vessel as part payment of their freight to the amount of 200 dollars.”

The Pitcairners’ own journal provides additional details.

Lucy Anne Quintal was born on the voyage to Tahiti, and died shortly after.

The journal records death after death. Towards the end of April, 1831, John Buffett and family, Robert and Frederick Young, and Edward, Joseph and Charles Christian sailed from Tahiti in a small schooner, but “owing to contrary winds, the aforesaid persons landed at Lord Hood’s Island, and the vessel returned to Tahiti.” Ed- 41 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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r ward Christian died at Lord Hood’s Island on June 3. His companions returned to Tahiti to find many relatives either dead or dying.

In June, Buffett and some others embarked in the French brig Bordeaux Packet and within six days were back at Pitcairn.

“During our absence our hogs have gone wild anJ destroyed our crops,” they reported. “After our return we employed ourselves in destroying the hogs.”

It was not until September 2 that the American brig Charles Dagget, of Salem, arrived off the island with the remainder of the party. Until the end of that year (1831) there were additional deaths: it was cne of the most disastrous chapters in the history of the Islanders.

Lord Goderich, then Secretary of State for the Colonies, when informing Sir Richard Bourke in June, 1832, to furnish the Pitcairners with “a small supply of what they most needed,” remarked: “They have been compelled, from the unhealthiness of Otaheiti, to return to their former island.” It was to be distinctly understood, however, that the Governor of New soum Wales was not to incur “any great expense on this account.”

Commander G. H. Macmurdc, of H.M.S.

Z ehra, in a report to Bourke was more explicit. He wrote, “Though every possible attention and kindness was shown by the Queen, tho chiefs, and the Tahitians in general, and although every want was amply provided for by the agent appointed to supply them, they (the Pitcairners) became so wretched and melancholy and pined so much after their native island that after five months’ residence here during which period 12 of their number died, the missionaries (with that Christian feeling which marks their character) raised a subscription of 650 Spanish dollars and chartered a vessel which took them back to Pitcairn’s Island in September last.”

One sequel to the Tahiti sojourn was that some of the Pitcairn Islanders imbibed a liking for strong drink —despite the shortness of their stay. Walter Brodie (later an Auckland merchant and New Zealand Parliamentarian), who visited the island in 1850, when the removal was fresh in the minds of the Pitcairners, says that on their return some of the men distilled spirits from the root of the ti-tree and “drank to excess.” However, in 1833 all stills on the island were destroyed. “Which was a great blessing to all,” he declared.

In succeeding years an effort was made to secure the return of the Pitcairners to the Society Islands. The Queen of Huahine (then an independent island which had declined French sovereignty) offered to make land available for three families.

The offer was put forward for an interesting reason. Puni, one of the original native women who had gone off with the Bounty mutineers, was a Huahine girl with considerable land on her own island.

As it so happened she was on a visit to Tahiti when the mutineers sailed, and, having fallen in love with one of the Englishmen, she accompanied him to Pitcairn.

Though Puni had long since been dead, the Queen of Huahine regarded her descendants as the rightful owners of her land.

Offers of land were also received from Tahiti and Hawaii.

At one time the Pitcairners were inclined to settle on Juan Fernandez, but the fact that the island was Chilian territory was a bar. At all costs they were determined to remain British. At last, however, they accepted the British Government’s offer of Norfolk Island, and eventually removed to what was formerly a penal settlement.

Nevertheless, within a year some of them were pining for Pitcairn and were not happy until they returned to the island of their birth.

Linking Torres Straits Islands With Radio From Our Own Correspondent THURSDAY ISLAND, July 24. further has eventuated of the proposal to link up the chief islands in Torres Straits with Thursday Island by means of radio.

The organisation in the centre of Australia that is maintained by the Australian Inland Mission for the benefit of isolated stations and settlers is a proved success. With Mr. Alfred Traeger’s “Pedal Transceiver,” radio messages could be sent by an amateur to the proposed T.I. mother station. It would be of invaluable service to the scattered Europeans. The “powers that be” might well consider the installation of the necessary machines when funds are available.

Mr. B. H, McMahon, educational secretary of the Seventh Day Adventist Mission. returned to Australia by the Monterey on July 13, after a visit of inspection to Fiji. 42 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Cable address: “Newlandbed/ Sydney Japanese Sampan Finds Drifting Lightship THE Torres Straits lightship, Carpentaria, which slipped her shackles and went off on a jaunt in April, was found near the Aru Islands, off the coast of Dutch New Guinea, in May. Her sistership the Breaksea Spit lightship, which had broken away from her moorings a month previously and which was ultimately given up for lost, has at last been found.

The vessel had drifted away before on several occasions, but was as often recovered and towed back to its anchorage off Sandy Cape. During a cyclone in, March, however, it again disappeared, and. despite a search by aeroplanes sent out by the Navigation Department, could not be found. Passing shipping was asked to keep a close look-out for the drifting vessel, but it was not traced.

Recently a Japanese sampan put into Townsville, Queensland. The captain explained that he had found a lightship in danger of drifting on to the Barrier Reef, and thinking it belonged to the Australian authorities, had towed it to safety. Then he had decided to bring it back to the Australian cog,st, and had left it outside the town. The Townsville port authorities took possession of the vessel and towed it into port.

Bena Tuidraki, a Fijian medical practitioner, who has been working in the New Hebrides for three years, arrived in Sydney on July 15 by the Morinda on his way to Suva for a holiday.

The Rising Of

PALOLO Letter to the Editor IREAD with interest an article in a recent issue by A.M.A. on the Palolo.

He is wrong, however, when he says that no European can tell for certain when it rises.

The accepted idea is that only the old natives know when it occurs. These natives simply watch the moon to get their information. For many years I took note of the morning on which it rose, and every one was on the third quarter of the moon.

A.M.A. asserts that two days after full moon is the approximate date. Again he is wrong, for the third quarter is not until seven or eight days after full moon. To find the correct date of the third quarter, let A.M.A. use a calendar printed south of the line, otherwise if he takes the third quarter as stated on an English almanac he will arrive exactly a day late.

There are two risings—the small one and the big rising. The months differ—one year it will come up in October and November, and another in November and December. Anyhow A.M.A. will know by the smell cf the scum that rises a few days before the Palolo itself.

Very few people know that it is the change of tide on the third quarter of the moon that makes the Palolo rise at daylight or later. It does not always rise at daylight, as I found out in 1933. I had gone to the outer patch where it comes up usually; all the signs were there—but no Palolo. I gave up waiting about eight o’clock and returned to the plantation. On my way home via the second patch I saw it rise at half-past eight.

The above information should save people many fruitless trips to the reef. To save A.M.A. wasting his own time I suggest that he should go out on November 4, 1936, when he will get Palolo for certain.

He has no hope of seeing any if he follows his own method of going out two days after full moon. Palolo will also rise this year on December 4.

I am, etc., ARTHUR ROBINSON.

Natovo Estate, Vanua Devu, Fiji. 43 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Pedal Radio Sets in N. Guinea and Papua A FORM of radio which is increasingly coming into practice in the Islands is the “one native power” or pedal driven transmitter, which has been developed in Australia by Amalgamated Wireless (Australasia) Ltd. especially for use in inaccessible districts. These little sets weigh about 1 cwt. and can be carried in sections. Power for th© electric generator is provided by an Islander who “rides” a bicycle-like structure.

The sets have been found particularly suitable for the conditions of Papua and New Guinea where no fewer than 36 A.W.A. sets have been established. Some are used by Government officials on their journeys into remote places, thus enabling constant touch to be maintained with headquarters. Planters and traders have lately learned of the value of this type of instrument, a call through which might save a journey of scores of miles over trackless territory.

Amalgamated Wireless reports that the pedal driven sets are admirable also as feeders of the main wireless lines of communication between the territories and the outside world. Thus a planter or trader will transmit a message from his own locality to Rabaul or Moresby to be sent on to a business firm, perhaps, in Sydney or another Australian capital. From the point of view of the owner of a small transmitter the traffic is good business as the sender, instead of paying 2d. per word to get his message to the main station, has the right of retaining Id. for acting as his own telegraphist.

B.S.I. COUNCIL Non-Official Members’ Vigorous Protest From a Special Correspondent TULAGI, July 2.

THE bi-annual session of the Advisory Council of the British Solomon Islands Protectorate opened at Tulagi on June 12.

Members present were:—Official: His Honour the Acting Resident Commissioner (Captain N. S. B. Kidson), Treasurer (Mr.

F. E. Johnson, 1.5.0.), Senior Medical Officer (Dr. H. B. Hetherington), Acting Commissioner of Lands (Mr. A. H. Wilson). Non-official; Messrs. D. MacKinnon, G. E. Clift, and J. C. M. Scott, and the Rev. S. G. Caulton.

In his address to the Council, the President stated that copra exported during 1935-36 amounted to 20,699 tons, an increase of 2606 tons compared with the previous year. Trochus shell, at 349 tons, showed a decrease of 67 tons; and ivory nuts fell from 707 tons to 373 tons.

Revenue amounted to £58,465, and expenditure to £49,224, leaving a surplus of £9,241.

The principal variations from estimated returns were;—Export duty on copra, an increase of £5100; import duty realised £lOOO less than anticipated; while the sale of stamps, mainly due to the demand for the Jubilee issue, was up £2OOO. Rents and royalties brought in £476 more than in the previous year.

Due to various vacant posts in the Public Service not being filled and by the exercise of economy in all departments, expenditure was less than the amount budgeted for by approximately £5OOO.

Inter-Island Wireless

The question of inter-island wireless communication, which was discussed at previous meetings of the Council, is receiving close attention. If proposals submitted to the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific relating to the establishment of an experimental station are approved, and results are satisfactory, an extension of the service to outlying parts of the Group will be considered.

Premature Nut-Fall

Investigation of the serious problem of the premature fall of nuts is being intensively prosecuted by the Government entomologist (Mr. R. J. Lever), in cooperation with Dr. Phillips, of Lever’s Pacific Plantations Ltd. Experiments so far point to the green coconut bug, amhlypelta cocophaga China, being responsible for the trouble. A parasite to control amhlypelta is being sought for, and scientists in Java have promised assistance.

Non-Official Recommendations

Non-official members in their reply to his Honour’s address submitted certain important recommendations. They stressed the urgent need of re-appointing a District Officer at Shortlands, in view of its being a proclaimed port of entry for shipping.

It is the nearest 8.5.1. port to New Guinea, with which there is considerable traffic.

They also represented the claims of the copra industry for some measure of relief in view of the improved state of Government finances, and suggested a reduction of the export tax of 7/3 per ton. It was pointed out that in New Guinea the graduated scale on which the export tax was based called for no payment while the market rate for copra was at the present level.

Attention was drawn to the serious in- 44 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1&3o

Samuel Russell

Estate And General Agent

P.O. Box 64, Papeete, Tahiti Heal Estate. Investments. Estate Management and Administration. Valuations and Reports. Houses & Lands for Lease or Sale.

Sole Proprietor; TAHITI PERFUMES.

Cables: Russell, Tahiti (Bentley’s Code) Clear those Idle Acres.. —with these ONc-MAN OUTFITS When you consider that with the Digger Winch one man can uproot trees feet in thickness without any preliminary root cutting even in the hardest ground; when you realise that one man can uproot eighty of those trees a day and doesn’t even have to shift his feet when pulling, you know how simple it makes the work. What a labour saver! You simply cannot break it—and yet it is so light it can be carried.

These pamphlets were printed to guide you Write for them When you appreciate that the New Record Drag Haw is a one-man outfit , so simple that even native labour cannot help but work it successfully; when you are assured that it can operate in swampy ground or on the side of a hill as simply as on hard level ground; when you credit that it can saw through logs on the ground (solid or hollow) from bins, thick to 7ft. and more, you can conceive how it puts profits into clearing —instead of costing money.

When you are satisfied that there are dozens giving service in the Islands, you will not hesitate longer but will start on the job yourself.

Don’t hesitate—write to-night for full particulars of these one-man outfits.

The “Buzacott” / £ Drag-Saw Buzacott Co* Ltd 7-11 Market Street, Sydney roads made upon the shell-beds in 8.5.1. waters by poaching vessels of foreign nationality. One such vessel was recently intercepted and taken into custody, but it was found that the maximum penalty which could be imposed was a fine of £lO.

Members recommended that power be obtained to inflict a more adequate and deterrent sentence in future cases.

Reduced Minimum Wage Rate

The chairman’s announcement that towards the end of the year an Advisory Board would meet to reconsider the reduced minimum wage for labourers under indenture gave rise to a vigorous and emphatic protest. When the Secretary of State for the Colonies sanctioned the reduction of the minimum wage as from December, 1934, he laid down the condition that the question should be reviewed at the end of 1936. To that no exception was taken, but non-official members protested in the strongest terms at the inferential slight placed upon the Advisory Council by the evident intention of the Administration to submit such an important question to a Board that does not at present exist. It was argued that the personnel of the proposed Board might not possess the knowledge and experience necessary to a thorough and comprehensive investigation of the subject.

The Advisory Council, it was pointed out, is an approved, permanent component of the Protectorate Administration and is composed of members nominated by the Resident Commissioner to represent Government. native interests, commerce, and industry. It is, in effect, a parliament charged with the responsibility of advising the Resident Commissioner on all proposed legislative enactments, and administrative policy generally.

Protest To High Commissioner

That so representative and experienced a Council should be superseded by an extraneous Board to deal with such a vital question must give rise to serious consideration as to the continued usefulness of a Nominated Council. In view of the potential political and economic aspect of the matter non-official members requested that their considered, unanimous protest be conveyed to the High Commissioner for the Western Pacific, and to the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

Business discussed during the session included reconsideration of a recommendation that the licence fee for trading stores situated cutside certain business areas be reduced. A Government proposal to abolish all trade licences, and in their stead substitute an increase in import and export duties was opposed by non-official members. After debate, the latter unanimously recommended that the licences referred to should be issued at the flat rate of £3 per annum as against £lO (the existing rate) for stores within defined business areas.

The matter of granting exemption from light and harbour dues to visiting British yachts gave rise to the question of Protectorate author'tv to discriminate in the treatment of British and foreign vessels.

It was decided to submit the question to the Secretary cf State.

New Stamp Issue

The issue of pictorial postage stamps, previously recommended by the Council, was agreed to by the Colonial Secretary, at whose request members examined and approved certain designs for use on stamps of 12 denominations.

The session closed with a debate on an amendment to the Agriculture and Live Stock Regulation moved by Mr. G. E.

Clift, which, with minor alterations, was agreed to.

Polygamy Tabu—So

Native Killed His Wife

From Our Own Correspondent RABAUL, July 2.

THERE w r as much criticism and bickering at the beginning of the year when the N. Guinea marriage laws were amended to make it impossible for a native to contract a European or Christian marriage.

In introducing the bill, the Government Secretary (Mr. H. H. Page) said that the majority of natives were not able yet to understand the obligations of matrimony.

In the Supreme Court last month, an interesting case showed the significance ascribed by natives to marriages made according to mission rites.

A native, Sangar, was charged with wilfully killing his wife. He explained, as his defence, that he wanted to take another woman as his spouse, but having been married by a missionary was unable to do so. He told the court that he solved the problem by murdering his wife!

Sangar was sentenced to death.

Captain A. S. Fitch, of Steamships Trading Co. Ltd., returned to Samarai, Papua, by the Montoro from Sydney on July 29, after a month’s business visit. 45 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Ketch “Hurricane,”

WORLD CRUISER,

Reaches Fiji

From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, July 12.

GY AGING around the world, the 17- T tons American ketch, Hurricane, arrived in Suva on June 24 to spend several weeks in Fiji.

Built by the Captain, Mr. Ray Kauffman, and Mr. Gerry Mefferd, she left Key West in April last year. She cruised to South America, thence through the Panama and around various islands in the Pacific, practically following the same course as the American scientific yacht, Director. Mr. R. Burrell joined the ketch in Tahiti, and Mr. Samuel H. Elbert joined her in Pago Pago, but has left the vessel here.

After Suva the Hurricane will go on to the New Hebrides and the Solomons, and thence to the United States, via the Cape of Good Hope.

The Uvi Uvi

Another Mysterious Fish of Papua Letter to the Editor T N the May P.I.M. an article appeared re- -1 gating to a mysterious fish seen in the Vari-Vari Islands. Allow me to say a few words about a similar monster.

I am in charge of the Maclaren King, running on the N.E. coast of Papua, and during the last 13 years I have seen a mysterious large fish five times. lam not a fisherman and, therefore, not interested in fish yarns. This fish has also been seen by His Lordship the Bishop of New Guinea, Colonel Hooper (Government Schools Inspector), and others who were with me on the several occasions.

About six months ago, I was 10 miles off Eroro, in Dyke Ackland Bay, when my boys (from Gcodenough Bay) informed me that a monstrous fish (they called it uvi uvi) was ahead. We passed it about 100 yards away; then just ahead another appeared, slowly coming to the surface. I decided to ram it, but as I approached it, its enormous size scared me, and I quickly altered course. By doing so we came abreast of it, at a distance of about 10 feet.

The monster was lying on the surface, its back just awash, and the fin in the centre of its back was level with the rail of the boat, about three feet high. The top of the tail which was also vertical was slightly higher. Comparing it with the boat, its length was about 40ft. and its diameter about 10ft. It seemed to me to be round, similar to a barrel, with a very blunt head, the mouth not being visible.

In colour it was dark brown with yellowish spots. Just after passing it we saw another.

Only a few years ago a whale boat belonging to local natives left Taupota with seven boys to go to a place eight miles away; the sea was quite calm, with a light land breeze blowing. They never arrived at their destination, and sometime afterwards the boat was washed up on the beach upside down, not far from where they had started. Nothing was ever heard of the natives.

Just previous to this mishap the uvi uvi was seen in that vicinity, and to this day the natives believe that the cause of the disaster was the giant fish. The whale boat was pulled up on the beach where it was washed ashore, and the natives were so scared that it was never used again.

It remained there and eventually fell to pieces.

I am, etc., F. C. KENNELS.

Samarai, Papua. 15/6/36.

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THE first English firm to manufacture lawn mowers, Messrs. Ransomes, Sims and Jeffries, Ltd., has issued its 1936 catalogue. This 52-page brochure, copiously illustrated, shows the large range of mowers made by the famous English concern.

There are lawn mowers of every conceivable size and type, from the ordinary hand-pushed cutter for small homes to the power-driven tractor hauling seven mowing machines for keeping aerodromes, golf courses, and playing fields in good order. The company also distributes tennis court and garden rollers, lawn sweepers, and bank cutters of its own manufacture.

Islands residents interested may obtain a copy of this comprehensive catalogue by writing direct to Messrs. Ransomes, Sims, and Jeffries, Ltd., Ipswich, England.*** 46 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Sunday Island

H.M.S. “Dunedin” Visits Two Modern Crusoes From Our N.Z. Correspondent AUCKLAND. July 20. 4 VISIT to Sunday Island, where two New Zealanders went last year to live the life of modern Crusoes. was paid by H.M.S. Dunedin in the course of her present Pacific cruise. It was the first contact the two men. Mr. A. Bacon and Mr. B. Robertson had had with the outside world for many months. The warship delivered mails from relatives in New Zealand.

A few short blasts on the siren brought the two men to the water’s edge, and they were, taken aboard the Dunedin in a whaler. One was wearing a singlet, shorts, and an old straw hat. and the other only a pair of shorts and a long ginger beard.

They had dinner on the warship.

Several of the naval men visited the shack on the island. They found it surrounded by orange trees laden with fruit and healthy in growth. Other tropical fruits and vegetables were in cultivation nearby. The men were apparently enjoying their lonely existence.

Mr. Bacon, it will be remembered, was one of a party which attempted to settle the island in 1926, but the venture ended in tragedy when one of the party died of tetanus. He now intends to pass the remainder of his days there.

Mr. D. H. Vertigan, of the N.G. District Services Department, sailed from Sydney for Rabaul with his wife and two children by the Montoro at the end of July.

Sandalwood In The

South Seas

IN November, 1829, news was brought to Oahu (Hawaii) that an island rich in sandalwood had been discovered in New Hebrides. The Hawaiians had been doing a great trade with the East; but the extensive groves of Hawaiian sandalwood, which had been discovered in 1790, were almost depleted in 1824.

The Hawaiians were ready to exploit other islands, and two brigs were fitted out. Some 500 people, including ten foreigners, started for this Eldorado. They first called at Rotuma, north of Fiji; and from there they sailed for Erromanga, New Hebrides. The first brig, the Kamehameha, was never heard of again. The Becket reached Erromanga; but, fighting with the natives, they obtained no sandalwood; and as her sister ship did not arrive, the chief in command turned homeward.

Until the middle of the 18th century, all the commercial sandalwood had been collected in the East Indies and from Southern India. But after Captain Cook described the Pacific Islands, the hardy traders knew that there was money to be made, and one of the first products they discovered was the sandalwood in Fiji.

The Tongan Islanders had been trading there before.

Then Australia took a hand. Sydney merchants fitted out brigs and schooners, manned with restless adventurers who, like the whalers, received a bonus on all the sandalwood collected, in addition to their wages. Sydney became a centre for its export to the East. Governor Bligh, looking for revenue, placed an import duty of £2/10/- a ton on all sandalwood landed, but as it brought from £5O to £7O a ton, the industry was not seriously hampered. After the sandalwood in Fiji was exhausted, they turned their attention to the New Hebrides.

So thorough was the collecting of this wood in the Pacific Islands that when Captain Charles Wilkes, commander of the United States Exploring Expedition, visited Fiji in 1840, he found it difficult to obtain herbarium specimens for his botanist; and Berthold Seeman had to base his botanical description of Santalum Yasi on a specimen that the Rev. John Williams had planted in the garden of the Bua Mission Station.

Nowadays there is not much sandalwood left in the South Seas, except in certain parts of the New Hebrides. Inquiries as to a market for the product have recently been received in Australia from the Condominium, and it has been ascertained that Sydney merchants for a variety of reasons do not care to handle it. The chief aversion to dealing in sandalwood appears to be that it has to be transhipped to Hong Kong where it remains in store for long periods before it is sold.

Official quotation has been granted by the Melbourne Stock Exchange to 100 fully paid shares of £lO each (issued to the vendors) in Mount Lawson Prospecting and Option Syndicate N.L., of New Guinea. 47 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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175 CLARENCE STREET, SYDNEY New Caledonian Chrome in Demand ~rT VHE confused political situation in ■¥ Europe and ‘war-scares’ have given a great stimulus to the world demand for New Caledonian chrome,” said Mr. Enoch Perkins, mining engineer connected with the Mutual Chemical Company of America, on his arrival in Australia from New York by the Monterey on July 13. ‘‘Because of the increase in the manufacture of aeroplanes there is a great demand for chrome. Most of New Caledonia’s output goes to the United States, while Great Britain buys about 25 per cent.,” continued Mr. Perkins. ‘‘There are about 15,000 persons employed in the chrome and nickel industries in the French colony. The rpines are all controlled either by British or American capital,” he added.

Mr. Perkins departed from Sydney for Noumea to inspect his company’s properties by the Wanganella on July 18.

Mr. W. E. Rosser, who is a clerk in the Government Secretary’s Department at Port Moresby, arrived in Sydney by the Montoro from Papua on July 24. He is on six months’ leave.

Wanted—A Museum At

APIA Letter to the Editor. ¥X a recent issue of the Apia paper, a New A Zealander, who during the war had served in Samoa, complained of the fact that the large Samoan War Canoe, a notable relic of the old days, which for years had been housed in a Samoan fale at Mulinu u, had, owing to carelessness and indifference of those in charge, deteriorated and had now altogether disappeared.

Numerous other valuable relics and souvenirs of old Samoa, which have been placed in charge of the Government, have also gone. It is deplorab.e that nobody seems to take the slightest interest in the preservation of ethnologically, historically and artistically most valuable specimens, most of which are irretrievably lost and cannot be replaced.

The same may be stated regarding the literature of Samoa. Hundreds of books have been written on Samoan life and history from the time the first missionaries reached Samoa over one hundred years ago until the present time. Many of these books, which have been written in English, German. French, and other languages, are now out of print and are hard to obtain. Nevertheless it should still be possible to obtain a fairly complete library of Samoan books.

Most of the white pioneers, resident in pre-war Samoa, have passed away, and these few remaining are going rapidly.

Many of these pioneers have valuable diaries, documents, and papers in their possession, which have historical value and should be preserved.

I wish to suggest that a Museum and Library be established in Apia to house the relics, books, records, and documents of value. I firmly believe that the Carnegie Foundation would willingly subsidise such a project. It is possible that the New Zealand Government would also help, while the Samoan Administration would be asked to supply suitable rooms to house the exhibits. In a Samoan Museum one room should be devoted to a collection of souvenirs and writings of that greatest of all celebrities connected forever with the name of Samoa—Robert Louis Stevenson.

There is no doubt, also, that a Museum would prove an additional attraction to visitors and tourists.

I am, etc., A. M. GURAU.

Apia, Samoa, 2/7/1936.

Study Of Polynesian

History And Languages

AUCKLAND, July 16 l¥Y r the Monterey on July 10, a party of ■*-* Americans arrived in Auckland from Honolulu to study the similarity between the Macri language and customs and those of the Hawaiian people.

The group included Mr. H. P. Judd (Professor of Hawaiian History and Language at the University of Hawaii), Mr. W. B.

Howe (former president of the U.S. Navy League), Mr. W. Howe, junr. (a student of anthropology at Harvard University), Messrs. T. H. and S. M. Ccoke (sons of the president of the Hawaii Senate), and Mr.

A. F. Judd, junr. (son of the president of the Bishop Museum, Honolulu).

They will spend a month in New Zealand, and then depart for Tahiti to carry out a similar research. 48 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

crntixoL

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Some six months ago Mr. Whereat, of Bulimba, Boat Builder, handed me a quantity of Cuprinol Putty especially- prepared for ships’ bottoms.

At Mr. Whereat’s request I used this Putty on my boat’s bottom in certain places and used my own mixture in other places, so that a comparative test could be made.

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N.Z. Labour Party

Branch Formed in Cook Group From Our Own Correspondent RAROTONGA, July 14.

A PROGRESSIVE step in the native life of Rarotonga was mad© on July 1, when a branch of the New Zealand Labour Party was formed at Avarua.

The meeting in the Maraerenga Hall was well attended, at least 200 persons being present, the majority of whom were natives, together with a small number of Europeans and ,a sprinkling of halfcastes.

After announcing the object of the meeting and briefly explaining the aims of the Labour movement, Mr. William Mcßirney (the convener) called for nominations for a temporary president and secretary. These offices were filled by Mr. Dave Brown (manager for W. H.

Grove and Son) and Mr. R. J. Dashwood.

Mr. Brown, a resident of 10 years’ standing, was formerly associated with the Labour movement in New Zealand.

Mr. Brown, who proceeded to a further explanation of the work of the Labour Party, pointed out the advantages of a local branch, emphasising that apparently the present N.Z. Government is desirous of assisting and furthering the general welfare of the Islanders.

A motion that a local branch be formed was then put by the secretary and carried by a substantial majority.

Considerable interest was shown in a debate on the respective merits of an elected and a nominated Island Council, the general opinion of those present being in favour of the former. The possible advantages of political representation were also touched upon.

Before the meeting closed, a number of those present, including eight Europeans and one member of the Island Council, enrolled in the new branch.

“Important As Tavua”

Dr. Loftus Hills’ View of Yanawai Goldfield WORK done on the Yanawai goldfield on ™ Vanua Levu, Fiji, during the last six months indicates that it will probably be as important a field as Tavua, according to an opinion expressed by Dr. Loftus Hills, consulting mining geologist to a number of Fijian companies, who arrived in New Zealand in mid-July by the Monowai. en route to Australia.

“Although discovered before Tavua, its development has not been so rapid,” said Dr. Hills. “But the stage has now been reached where an estimate of the possibilities and extent, of the field could be ipade.”

Dr. Hills added that the area was more difficult to prospect than the Tavua field, as it was situated in the rainy district and was covered with heavy jungle. The lodes were similar to those of Tavua.

Miss Edith Twyford, who recently completed a course in anthropology at the George Brown College, Sydney, will shortly return to Papua to resume her work for the Methodist Missionary Society.

Norfolk Island Cable Repaired THE cable steamer Recorder returned to Sydney on July 24, after having repaired the cable at Norfolk Island, which had been damaged during the recent cyclone. Owing to the changeable weather, great difficulty was experienced in making the repairs, and when the weather was rough work had to be abandoned temporarily.

The cables from Suva (Fiji), Southport (Queensland), and Auckland (N.Z.) were damaged, and when repairs were completed it was found that coal supplies were dwindling. The vessel returned to Sydney for fuel before leaving for Singapore, where she will be stationed in future.

While the emergency cable between s s', dn ® y and New Zealand was being re- JTSS “35 , . , , , . . / ’ , .r slllp raced back to port for medlcal aid.

During the voyage, the chief engineer, Mr. W. Foster, became ill, and was landed at Auckland, where he entered hospital for an operation. Mr. Foster is wellknown in Pacific Islands ports. He was one of the crew of the Iris which captured the famous Von Luckner in the Kermadec Group in 1917. 49 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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M. Lailheugue, who has had charge of the Health Department in New Caledonia since the beginning of last year, returned to Prance by the Ville d’Amiens in July.

Very Rev. J. M. Chabot, Vicar Delegate of the Sacred Heart Mission in Papua, arrived in Sydney by the Montoro on July 24. He has been a missionary in the Pacific for 36 years, during 14 of which he has been stationed at Yule Island.

Tricked By The Germans

How the “Nurnburg'S"

Landing Party Silenced Fanning Island Cable Station in 1914

By Erle Wilson

“QAIL ho!”

At 10 a.m. on a morning in September, 1914, the cry that has electrified so many iso.ated Islands communities rang out at Napari on Fanning Island, bringing the staff off duty at the Pacific Cable Station hurrying to the seaward verandahs and various vantage points with anticipation in their eyes ancf binoculars in their hands.

It was a halcyon day. The sea, sparkling beneath the breath of the trade that thrummed among the leaning palms, stretched away to a scarcely perceptible meeting with a limpid sky. Not a cloud was to be seen. At one point only, low down, the pure curve of the horizon was broken by a dark, unmistakable smudge.

Speculation was rife among the watchers on shore. What ship was it? There was none due. Was she heading for Fanning, or merely passing away out there? Where, normally, contact with the outer world was made only at intervals of months the coming of any vessel never failed to mark a red letter day. Only those who have actually watched a distant “sail” under similar circumstances will understand the hopes that the sight awakened.

But, here and there among the watchers were those who, mindful of the terrific struggle so newly raging in Europe and realizing Fanning Island’s importance in the chain of Empire communications, watched the distant vessel with some, misgiving. The battle of the Falklands was yet almost a month off, and Von Spee’s squadron was still at large.

It was soon apparent that the vessel was heading unusually rapidly for the island; and. almost as soon, the greyhound lines of a cruiser became recognizable. Excitement spread among the watchers on shore.

Eyes giuei to binoculars searched for indications of her nationality. She did not look British. Was she French?

Japanese? . . . German? . . .

Anxiously the cable superintendent. Mr.

A. Smith, looked for her colours. In the office, a few yards away, a pre-arranged code signal was waiting to be flashed to the two connecting stations —Suva (Fiji) and Bamfield (British Columbia) —should an enemy approach Ah! —There they were at last! . . .

The tricolour! . . . She’s French!

Greatly relieved, as the cruiser slowed down at the anchorage and put a boa! over the side, Mr. Smith hurried away to warn his wife to arrange a suitable reception for the French officers. Soon the who’.e staff, excepting those on duty, were gathered expectantly on the wharf. The Fanning Island Cable Station had a reputation for hospitality: this visit of an allied cruiser with the war scarcely a month old would be an occasion indeed!

Expense no object! Vive la France!

As a smart cutter put off from the cruiser, sun-burned men in shorts and singlets waiting on the wharf cast their minds back over varying periods of years to past school days in an effort to recollect scraps of French once so painfully acquired. Somehow, “the book of my aunt,” “the pen of Charles.” “the hat of Robert,” even the fact that “the table is in the room” did not seem of much use for this occasion. Of course, if something, say a bottle or two. should be on that table! —But yes. this was an occasion!

“HANDS UP!”

The command came as a bombshell to the waiting cable men, as the 'wicked muzzle of a machine-gun appeared suddenly over the cutter’s gunwale.

Germans! —Tricked completely! And the office unprepared!

Curiously enough none on shore had noticed that the uniform bonnets in the approaching boat did not bear the distinctive red “pom-pom” of the French sailor.

Briefly the officer in charge of the landing party informed the superintendent that they were from His Imperial Germanic Majesty’s cruiser Nurnhurg and that th*> cable staff would not be harmed, so long 50 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Quickly they marched to the office where the staff on duty, still unaware of their visitors’ nationality, continued handling the unusual volume of work which had resulted from the outbreak of war.

“Hands up!"

The English-speaking officer in command rapped out the order. Several of the busy operators grinned. It was a good joke; they kept on with their work.

“HANDS UP!” Again came the order in a more peremptory tone. The grins wavered.

"FOR . . . THE . . . THIRD . . . AND . . . LAST . . . TIME: HANDS UP!*' There was no mistaking the deadly seriousness of the deliberate warning.

An operator, realizing the true situation at last, had begun to send the pre-arranged warning signal to Suva when another of the staff —probably thereby saving his life—knocked him off his chair.

The invaders then took charge, and the wrecking of the station began. Efficiently wielded axes made short work of “siphon recorders” and other delicate instruments.

A number of sailors entered the batteryroom and began pushing over the batteries with their bare hands until biting acid made them retreat and finish the work from outside with long bamboo poles. That burning acid was the means of saving the “artificial line” (in a small room off the battery-room) from destruction. A fortunate circumstance: for, had it been destroyed it could not have been replaced until after the war. and the station must have remained idle in consequence.

The engine-room and freezer next received the attention of the enemy. But. before wrecking them with dynamite, the wives and children of the staff were sent away. Out of consideration for their safety it appeared afterwards, but the explosions that presently wrecked the engine and freezing plants caused great apprehension to some of the women as they waited by the still, sunlit lagoon with details of German “atrocities” in France and Belgium fresh in their minds.

Their fears were groundless. None had been butchered. Instead, the German officer was asking whether he could buy some fowls for the officers’ mess aboard.

He was "profusely apologetic when it was explained that in dynamiting the freezer he had destroyed practically all the fresh stores on the island. He protested that he had mistaken the plant for a wireless station.

Finally all papers were taken from the safe in the superintendent’s office, and then the cables were cut —in shallow water, as the German commander feared to delay too long. After expressing regret at having had to carry out such an unpleasant duty and admitting that they fully expected eventually to be sunk but that they would go down fighting, the landing party returned to the Nurnhurg.

From the wharf, the superintendent and executive officers of the cable staff watched impatiently for the heaving of the anchor.

The cruiser once safely gone, no time would be lost in repairing the damage done and restoring communications with Suva and Bamfield by means of spare instruments from a secret cache. Alas, for their hopes! In less than half-an-hour the Germans had returned, having found details of the cache and a conveniently clear plan of its location among the papers taken from the superintendent’s safe, where it had been put for safety!

After having unearthed and smashed the instruments and taken away £7OO in gold, buried in the same place, the Germans again embarked and, shortly afterwards, weighed anchor and headed at high speed from the island.

To the cable technical staff on shore fell the unenviable task of clearing up the mess and re-establishing communications.

With the assistance of Mr. Hugh Greig, who, by persistent diving, recovered the severed ends of the cables, they were able within a fortnight to speak again to the distant stations.

Three months later—on December 8, 1914—the German officer’s prophesy as to his ultimate fate was fulfilled in every particular; the Nurnhurg went down fighting gamely to the end, under the guns of Rear-Admiral Sturdee’s fleet at the battle of the Falklands.

Pope’S Gift To Vunapope

Mission Natives

A RADIO set given from the private purse of Pope Pius XI. is being proudly taken back to New Guinea by Bishop G. J.

Vesters, Vicar Apostolic at Rabaul, who arrived in Sydney by the Monterey on July 13, after having visited Rome.

“When I saw the Holy Father he asked whether my people at Vunapope had heard him speak on the radio. I said that they had had no chance to hear the voice of the ‘Great White Chief,’ as they call him, because they were too poor to buy a radio set, so he gave me one himself,” the Bishop said.

Mr. Sydney lon Bossley, of the Colonial Sugar Refining Co. ltd., at Penang, Fiji, married Miss Barbara Rose (“Pat") Israel, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. C. S. Israel, of Lautoka. at the Methodist Church, Lautoka, on July 11. 52 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Solomons News

“Flying Fox” Wrecked From Our Own Correspondent TULAGI, July 12.

THE south-easter this year has been one of the worst for a long time. For weeks : . there has been no easement in the wind, which has been accompanied by heavy rain squalls more like a nor’-wester.

A week ago Mr. H. C. Corrie’s vessel, the Flying Fox, went ashore on the Guadalcanal coast, and in view of the weather raging it seems almost certain that the vessel will be a total wreck. The Flying Fox, a fine little vessel, was sailed down from the New Hebrides to the Solomons.

She was built of Islands kauri. It is only a month or two since the same vessel spent a few hours ashore further up the Guadalcanal coast.

Beef From Sydney

Since the establishment of our freezing works and butchery in Tulagi, there has until recently been a market for local beef.

Difficulties of transport, however, have so interfered with the local meat supply that the butchery is now importing its beef from Sydney.

Plantations on the Guadalcanal coast which have hitherto provided the meat will miss the weekly visit of the “butcher’s boat,’’ which was one of their most reliable means of communication with Tulagi.

Soil Expert For Gavutu

Again Levers’ plantations in the Solomons are in the throes of annual inspection. In addition to its entomological activities the firm has now imported a soil expert and assistant, who will throw their weight into the battle against the poor production of copra.

The whole planting community must benefit from the activities of these various experts, and Levers are to be complimented on their enterprise on behalf of the copra industry. That the expenditure on these scientific investigations at Gavutu is not wasted, is proved by the dividend paid by Levers.

Pioneer Gold Co. Carries On

Still very little news comes from the Pioneer Gold Company on Guadalcanal.

The fact that the “show” is still carrying on, and has increased its white staff by employing a local resident with mining experience, is in contrast with most of the other 8.5.1. gold ventures.

The prospectors who gave Malaita a rough look round have so far not reported gold there. There is some talk, however, of other minerals being discovered on the island.

New Tenants For Crown Lands

Already, with the optimism of slightly higher copra prices, fresh tenants are making for the Crown lands from which the original owners who put their all into the soil have been evicted.

The evictions are a tragedy, and worse, but if there is any hope of retrieving the plantations, it is better that they should not go back to the scrub. After all, a tenant who takes over anew plantation on which the original owner has spent five or six thousand pounds, should make a success of it.

Tulagi Waits For New Church

The proposed church on Tulagi seems no nearer than does the proposed hotel.

Bishopscourt, at Siota, has been renovated to receive Bishop Walter Baddeley upon his return, so perhaps it will be some while before the Bishop’s residence, at any rate, is erected in Tulagi. It had been hoped that the building of the church would be proceeded with shortly after the Bishop’s return.

Mr. R. H. Brown, manager of Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.’s branch in Western Samoa, arrived at Apia with his wife by the Monowai on July 12, after extended furlough in New Zealand and Australia. 53 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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A Fish Story

ONE day, on the island of Foa, in Tonga, two boys were fishing, diving along the reef; and an extraordinary incident occurred. This is the story as it was told to me on the deck of a ship, by Father E. Tremblay, of Haapai—better known as the “boatbuilding missionary.”

Bill was a Catholic, Jim was not. Bill had a shining new medal hung from his neck —one of those distinguishing badges which the Catholic Orders throughout the Pacific issue to their adherents. Jim made teasing remarks about Bill’s medal.

Bill “bit”; and the friendly squabble broke the monotony of fishing.

Then Bill came up with distress written all over him: his precious medal had disappeared—slipped off while he was diving. Both boys dived repeatedly; but the medal was gone.

They resumed fishing, and worked along the reef about 30 yards. Then Jim gripped Bill’s arm and pointed.

Near them was a little black fish, about five inches long, well-known in those waters for its inquisitive, cheeky habits.

In its mouth was something shining— Bill’s medal. It would swim a few feet, drop the.medal, and chase and catch it again as it dropped towards the bottom.

Slowly the fish came nearer, and both boys plunged at it. It scurried away, and Bill recovered his medal.

“Father Tremblay,” I said, very severely, “are you just naturally frisky; or have, you selected me specially for that really terrible fish story?”

“But it really is true,” protested the “boatbuilder.” “I didn’t believe it myself, until I got those boys in, and crossexamined them. That little fish is wellknown for its cheekiness. It swims up to the natives when they are fishing under water, and tries to bite the shiny part of their diving-glasses. ■I suppose it does sound fishy,” he added, reflectively. “I offered the story to Father Deihl, in Apia, for his monthly journal, and he was difficult—you know, polite, but kind of rude.”

“All right, Father,” I said, “I’ll believe it. But don’t blame me if you’re elected an honorary member of the Ananias Club.”

R.W.R.

Lunatic Overboard From

C.I. SCHOONER From Our Own Correspondent.

D RAROTONGA, July 12.

ELAYED by calms off Atiu, the Cook Group’s inter-island schooner Tagua berthed here on July 5, and left again on the 9th, bound for the Northern Group.

Saloon passengers from Atiu and Aitutaki had the monotony of long days at sea broken by the presence of a lunatic on board. On one occasion, the unfortunate woman a native of Manihiki—crept unobserved to the rail and from there threw herself into the water. Although the schooner was under sail only at the time, a boat was quickly lowered and the rescue effected with commendable celerity.

Rev. A. S. Houston, a member of the board of the Australian Inland Mission returned to Australia by the Changte in the middle of July, after a six weeks’ investigation into conditions on Thursday m k A ™ a £ 6Sult of a re P° rt summed by Mr. Houston, the Inland Mission has decided to place a Presbyterian missionary on T.I. J

Cheaper Beer For Wau

From Our Own Correspondent WATT iniv- in rw , WAU ’ July lU ‘ SS' S been received with loud cheers.

After years of buying beer at the exorbitant prices of 5/- and 3/6 (the present price), the charge of 1/6 a bottle seems too good to be true. The company should do big business. Wau-ites wonder who wili be the enterprising person to establish himself as local “Bottle-O?”

'S'“ ~ - -su IK water of which comes up to laboratory tests. 55 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Cheap Living In Samoa

Exchange Advantage, Plus Low Housekeeping Costs JPEW people know it—but it is a fact that to-day the cheapest and pleasantest place in which to live in the Pacific is Western Samoa.

For many years, Tahiti held that position. Tahiti is a beautiful country, with a charming, amiable people; and, while the French currency was under par, large numbers of British and American people lived there, cheaply and very happily. To-day, owing to the maintenance by France of the gold standard, Tahiti has lost its economic attraction.

Western Samoa is not Tahiti, but it is comparable—a very beautiful country, clean and colourful, inhabited by another race of Polynesians, who can run the Tahitians very close in good looks and amiability. The great densely-wooded, mountainous. island of Upolu, 47 miles long and 15 wide, carries a native population of at least 20,000, living in most picturesque villages, which cluster thickly beside the lagoon right round the island.

Despite an expensive, unprogressive administration, the actual cost of living is low. A good bungalow, usually with a garden of flaming tropical plants, can be rented for £2 or £3 per month. House servants can be hired for about £1 per month and found. The two most important—cook and laundry-worker—will each cost at least £2 per month and found. These bungalows are easily and cheaply furnished —cane furniture and the soft, comfortable native mats.

The rest is a matter of housekeeping.

Most imported goods are dear—there are a heavy revenue tariff and heavy port charges. (Imagine it —3/6 for 50 common cigarettes!) But the establishment can be run very largely on native foods— fresh meat and milk, eggs and fowls, fish and pork, and a very wide variety of fruit and vegetables, can be procured in abundance at surprisingly low rates.

From May until September the climate is cool and pleasant, for a place so close to the equator—it is like Sydney in January. Those who think of spending a few months there should take with them a car. On the northern side of Upolu, based on Apia, there are at least 50 miles of good roads, mostly following the coastline, with its endless scenes of tropical beauty, and its interesting glimpses of village life. A lad to look after and drive the car can be hired easily in Apia, where there are some 300 motor vehicles in use.

The factor which gives Samoa its special claim is the exchange. Samoa uses New Zealand currency; and the latter is 25 per cent, under sterling.

Sterling itself is nearly 25 per cent, off the gold standard. That is to say, persons on fixed incomes will find that in Samoa (where rent, foodstuffs and servants are so cheap) their £1 in gold is worth £2 in the local currency.

The special disadvantage in Samoa is the fantastic liquor system, imposed by the socially backward Dominion of New Zealand. Persons resident there may obtain their usual household supplies only on a doctor’s order, and with the permission of the Government. Liquor “permits” are seldom refused; but it is irritating and humiliating to have to go cap in hand to these Government officials and beg permission to have a little liquor.

Apart from that, life in Samoa is very pleasant. The N.Z. Government officials have few social gifts, and little interest in their temporary home; but the merchant class —and especially the European Samoan-born people—are charming, hospitable folk, who delight in entertaining the appreciative visitor.

Apia is a well-equipped little town, in which all the amenities are provided.

There are electric light and power, an excellent water-supply, sewerage, schools, a talkie theatre (twice weekly) and about 10 well-stocked stores. Buses run out from Apia to each end of Upolu (25 miles in one direction and 20 miles the other), and the taxi service is one of the best and cheapest in the world. Some of the stores run quite good fiction libraries. There is one large hotel (unlicensed) and two boarding houses.

A person with a fixed income of £4OO sterling could live in luxury in Samoa— always provided that it was a sensible person, who could get a quick understanding of housekeeping conditions.

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Tariff Altered

Creating a Market for French Cars in Tahiti From Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, July 5. \IERCHANTS trading with French Oceania will be interested in some important modifications recently gazetted, which concern articles of foreign origin imported into the Colony. The new tariff is now in force and has led to the cancellation of many orders already placed abroad.

Foreign motor cars now pay an import duty based upon weight, instead of on value as before. The duty ranges from 640 francs per 100 kilograms for a 1,100 kilogram car to 1,240 francs per 100 kilos on a car weighing two tons; chassis with or without motors come under this same scale. Trucks intended for transportation purposes pay a duty ranging from 500 francs to 560 francs per 100 kilos.

The idea, of course, is to create a substantial preference in favour of French cars. Local garage operators, however, appear to be concerned over the new situation, because they have found from experience that most of the foreign visitors to Tahiti prefer to use American cars. The French Citroen motor-cars— owned exclusively by one of the largest garages here —are exceedingly economical to run and for this reason are much used by the local public, but they have never been very popular with tourists.

Other alterations in the tariff appearing in the same notice include increased duties on foreign textiles and other articles of feminine wearing apparel. The small duty hitherto imposed on imported books has been suppressed.

Pygmies In New Guinea

COLLECTION of ethnographical objects made by Lord Moyne during a yachting trip to New Guinea on board the Rosaura last year has lately been on view in London, according to the July number cf Discovery .

The chief areas represented were the middle and lower Sepik and Ramu Rivers in the Mandated Territory of New Guinea, the almost unknown Eilanden- Bloemen River region in south-west Dutch New Guinea, and the Purari River delta in the Gulf of Papua. The collection was supplemented by about 250 photographs taken by Lady Broughton, who was a member of the expedition.

Of the results of the expedition by far the most interesting was the confirmation of rumours as to the existence of an unknown group of pygmies who were said to live on the Ramu River. These rumours were confirmed, and although the members of the expedition were not allowed to enter the villages of these little people, as they are “uncontrolled,” the pygmies, to the number of 25, came to the expedition to trade.

Lord Moyne measured both men and women pygmies and found for 12 men an average stature of 54i Inches, and for three women, an average of 51 £ inches.

The lowest stature for N.G. pygmies previously recorded was 57 inches, a fact which had caused some anthropologists to question whether true pygmies existed in New Guinea at all; but the low stature now recorded confirms their existence as a distinct variety, and not as a mere local variant of the typical inhabitant of New Guinea.

Several complete equipments of the pygmies were obtained, and were shown in the exhibition. These included neck pendants, armlets, waistbands, and pubic coverings, as well as bows and several different types of arrow, each having its special function.

Mrs. Edna Christian and her small son, Charles, who until recently lived in San Francisco, have now taken up residence on Pitcairn Island. Her late husband, Fletcher Christian (a great-grandson of the Bounty mutineer) left the island when he was 17 years of age; on his death he left his land at Pitcairn to his widow and young son. Mrs. Christian and her boy arrived at the island by the steam schooner Philatelist, which is engaged on an expedition to the South Seas. 57 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Old New Council.

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Full information gladly from the Australian Distributors WRIGHT & COMPANY, 81 Clarence St., Sydney "k MONEL METAL is a Registered Trade Mark Cables: “CORNRIGHT,” SYDNEY H.M. Queen Salote, of Tonga, accompanied by the Prime Minister, Prince Tugi, hopes to be back in Nukualofa early in November. At the conclusion of her visit to Australia, the Queen will spend several weeks in New Zealand, where it is her intention to visit Princess Te Puea Herangi, of the Waikato tribes.

The Queen has accepted the office of patroness of the Polynesian Club of Sydney.

New Constitution For Fiji Council

Elective Principle Retained—Equal Status for Communities T’HE plan to substitute a purely ± nominative system for the part nominative, part elective system in Fiji has not succeeded. The Secretary of State for the Colonies announced on July 20 that the elective principle will be retained. but that the Constitution of the Council will be altered.

The old and the new arrangement can best be shown thus: The Indian community was dissatisfied with its representation under the old system, and a small section of Indians worked with increasing activity for a “common roll.” A “common roll” (Europeans, Fijians and Indians on the same roll, on a basis of adult franchise) was clearly impracticable; but as the Indians seemed irreconcilable, the Governor took the only practicable course, and recommended the withdrawal of the elective principle altogether, and the substitution of a purely nominative system.

It was supposed, generally, that this would be agreed to. But strong representations reached the Colonial Office, through the India Office; and the Secretary for the Colonies, with that genius for compromise which makes Britain successful in governing so many diverse races, found a way of meeting the situation.

In a despatch to the Governor of Fiji, the Secretary for the Colonies said that there was considerable opposition to the proposal for the abandonment of the elective system, but that there was a much wider agreement to the suggestion that all three communities have equal numerical representation. He also had been informed that the Indians were never unanimous in demanding a “common roll,” and that more and more are now abandoning their advocacy of it. In these circumstances, he had decided on the compromise indicated above.

The present Council is to remain in existence at least until December 31, 1936, and elections under the new Constitution will be held before July, 1937.

The compromise decision of the Colonial Office has been well received in Fiji, and it is generally believed that the Indians will accept it and cease their “common roll” agitation, and that there now is a good chance of political peace for several years.

Criticism of the new Constitution of the Council takes the following form: The Council now will be too unwieldy.

There will be far too much talk, and proceedings will be unduly prolonged.

Increasing the official members from 13 to 16 means that 16 important officials will be detained in Council, away from their duties, for longer periods than are practicable.

The election of the European members will be a farce. The European elections will be decided by the half-castes carrying European status, who now are so numerous that they dominate practically all divisions.

P.I.M. Editor and Fiji-Indian Community IN Suva, on July 23, the Editor of the Pacific Islands Monthly (Mr. R. W.

Robson, F.R.G.S.) was invited to meet a group of representative Fiji-Indians and discuss with them some of the Colony’s political questions which affect the Indian community. The meeting was distinguished by frank speaking, and a very cordial relationship was established.

The political and economic conditions of the Indian community were described for Mr. Robson’s information, by Hon. K. B.

Singh and Rev. Ramsay Deoki.

Mr. Robson urged that the agitation for the “common roll” should be abandoned. If the Indians were to be an important influence in the Fiji Government of the future, it would be achieved by exercising the qualities of good citizenship, and not by continuing an agitation that only created embarrassment and bad feeling, and that, in any event, had an object that was impracticable. If a “common roll” were granted, its logical consequence would be self-government. He assured them, out of a wide experience in political journalism, that democratic government, where only one race was concerned, was often distinguished by inefficiency, and sometimes by corruption. In Fiji, with its four communities, so-called self-government would be calamitous. The existing system might have some of the irritating shortcomings of unimaginative bureaucracy; but it did give strict, even-handed justice to all men and all races, and—as far

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RUSTON & HORNSBY (Australia) Pty., Ltd., Melbourne Branches at Sydney and Brisbane. New Guinea Agents: Burns, Philp & Co. Ltd. as such a thing was possible—it was incorruptible. Mr. Robson said that while in Fiji, he had discussed the Fijian Administration with all sorts and classes of people: and he had not heard even a suggestion that the Government was “get-atable,” by influence or by money. From such a Government, the Indians could expect justice and protection. They could not, with the same certainty, expect such things from a government based on adult franchise exercised by the people of four different communities.

Mr. Robson said that he was impressed by the industry and orderliness of the Indian community, and the way in which they farmed the land. They had been given a proper status in the new Constitution of the Legislative Council, and, if they were wise, they would be content with that. The activities of the educated Indians of Fiji should be directed to the solution of a real rather than a hypothetical problem—namely, how to provide sufficient land, on an acceptable tenure, for the growing Indian community, without impinging upon the present and future right of the Fijian land-owners.

Mr. Robson thanked the Indians for their hospitality and their good wishes: and the function ended with expressions of mutual goodwill.

Mr. R. F. Bunting, son of the Hon.

Arthur Bunting, M.L.C., returned to Samarai, Papua, at the end of July, after 10 months’ holiday in Australia.

“De-Bunking” The Early Missionaries

Letter to the Editor. r NOTICE from a review in a recent issue of the P.I.M. that two American authors have been “de-bunking” the early missionaries to the Pacific.

I know that the genial game of “de-bunking” the past is one of the favourite recreations of our time, but personally I always feel that it is too easy to be really sporting—rather like shooting sitting birds, in fact. I have no doubt that it would be quite easy to “de-bunk” George Washington and Abraham Lincoln: indeed, it may have been done already, for aught I know. Certainly, no American need come to the South Seas in search of horrid examples of Puritan narrowmindedness and intolerance; he can find all he needs, and more, in the history of his own country.

No one at this date wants to gloss over the shortcomings of the pioneers of the Duff, and the other early missionaries of the L.M.S. in the South Seas. As a matter of fact, they were very frankly recognised in the Official History of the London Missionary Society, published nearly forty years ago.

But it is grossly misrepresenting them to suggest that they were freaks and fanatics. On the contrary, they were typical of their time. The views which they held on the indecency of nakedness and the sinfulness of sport, grotesque as they seem to us to-day, were the views of a large proportion of the people of England at that time. One may feel that the Pacific was unlucky in engaging the missionary attention of the Church at a period in which it had lost, for the time being, the graciousness of its Founder.

But it is childish to criticise the individuals chiefly concerned for being products of their own age.

And, after all, was the Pacific so unlucky? When all their faults and mistakes have been taken into account, it remains a fact that, as you yourself, Mr.

Editor, have generously pointed out on more than one occasion, the presence of those men in the Pacific, at that particular period, did save the islanders from some of the major cruelties that have been perpetrated by our “civilisation” on natives of other parts of the world—not excluding the homeland of our latest “debunkers.”

May I be permitted a further word on the subject of clothes?

It is undoubtedly true that missionaries are to blame for introducing the clothing habit into the South Seas; but it is equally true, and frequently overlooked, that it is the traders who are responsible for perpetuating it. The missionaries— most of them, anyway—long ago saw the error of their ways; but the traders were not willing to forego their profits.

It is not my job to blame them, least of all the small man who finds it all he can do to get a living. But when, as sometimes happens, the trader turns round and says bitter words about the missionary for having taught the native the unhealthy practice of wearing clothes, one begins to feel that Judas Iscariot wasn’t such a bad fellow after all!

As a matter of fact, the commonlydrawn picture of the white man forcing his culture on the unwilling native is sheer myth, and does an injustice both to 60 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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PAUL & GRAY LTD. 82-84 SUSSEX ST., SYDNEY trader and missionary. In most cases, the native is pathetically, and often tragically, anxious to buy the white man’s goods, to wear his clothes, and to imitate indiscriminately both the good and the bad in his mode of life.

Where natives are earning wages and have access to a store, it is a labour of Sisyphus to restrain them from buying and wearing European clothes. Personally, I number myself among those who consider that a native is never more healthy nor more becoming than in his own native garb, however scanty.

But I am coming to doubt whether those of us who have the welfare of the native at heart are wise in expending our energy in fighting a losing battle against clothes. We should be better advised, I think, to accept the inevitable; and to devote ourselves to fostering a healthy and reasonably becoming style of dressing, and to teaching the next generation how to keep the clothes they will wear clean and tidy.

I am, etc., PERCY CHATTERTON.

London Missionary Society, Pt. Moresby, July 15.

Sheep And Cattle In Fiji

The Wild Dog Pest SHEEP -FARMING may be carried on successfully in Fiji, provided that some system can be found for bringing the wool cheaply from the farm in to the port for oversea shipment, says Mr. G.

C. Foulis, of Tavua, Fiji, who is at present on a visit .to Australia. Mr. Foulis holds a large area of pastoral land on the north coast of Viti Levu. He commenced farming there over 20 years ago. Prior to that, he was in the service of Sir Sidney Kidman, in Central Australia.

Mr. Foulis says that the whole of the north-coast of Viti Levu, from Tavua right round to Sigatoka, on the low hills, between the sugar belt and the interior, is suitable for sheep. He has experimented with crossbreds of various kinds, but gradually has settled down to a Romney strain, with a little merino in it; and he can say, as a result of twenty years’ experience, that wool of this kind, grown in Fiji, commands on the London market practically the same price as the New Zealand product.

At first, Mr. Foulis ran a couple of thousand sheep, and successfully. But about this time, owing to adjustment of the indentured labour laws, a thousand Indian labourers were shipped back home, and every Indian apparently left behind him in Viti Levu at least one dog, to fend for itself. The poor beasts eventually took to the bush; and in a year or two the inland ranges were swarming with wild mongrel dogs. They attacked everything—fowls, mongooses, calves, pigs—and, of course, they decimated the flocks of sheep.

Finally Mr. Foulis brought his sheep, now reduced to a few hundreds, close in to his homestead, and he sent natives out to lay poison for the dogs, at so much per scalp. The natives, within three days, brought in no less than 1300 scalps. Systematic poisoning since has reduced the dog pest, and allowed the flocks to increase; but new dogs always are coming in from other parts of the island to Mr.

Foulis’s holding, which is the only sheepfarm in Fiji. Mr. Foulis now has a little less than 1000 sheep.

After the dog visitation, Mr. Foulis gave his attention to cattle, and now has large and healthy herds. Fiji has been proved to be very suitable for both beef and dairy cattle. The largest dairy farm in the world is established in the Navua district —Sir Maynard Hedstrom is the principal owner. Some 600 cows are milked each day there; and Fiji butter, from this and other dairying districts, is now an important item of export from Fiji. There is an establishment near Shanghai, in China, supplying the city with milk, and this handles a larger number of cows than does Navua; but it is concentrated on a few acres of land, where the animals are stall-fed; whereas on the Navua farm the cows are properly pastured. The cows on the Navua farm have been mostly Jerseys; but the herd is being slowly turned over to Friesian, which is found to be more suitable for the special conditions there.

Conditions generally are in favour of sheep-farming in Fiji, apparently—land and climate are suitable, rents and taxes are low, and there usually is plenty of cheap labour. .The main difficulty, at present, is the transportation of the wool from the north coast to Suva. That is as costly as the freight from Suva to London.

Mr. W. R. Huntley, who is in charge of the Methodist Mission’s plantation at Vunakabi, New Britain, left Brisbane with his wife in July for Rabaul by the Montoro. 61 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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THE accounts of the Solomon Islands Development Co. Ltd., reveal a net profit for the year ended March 31, of £1328. The profit and loss account, after deducting this profit from the debit balance of £2160 carried forward from last year, shows a debit of £832.

Copra output for the year was 533 tons, compared with 543 tons for the previous year. In view of the improved outlook, the directors stated that they felt justified in reopening the Manning Straits and Lutee Estates, which were closed down in June, 1934. Operations on those estates commenced in June of this year, and as a result there would be a material increase in copra production for the ensuing 12 months.

How to Make a Baked Pineapple Pudding ALAD\ reader in the Solomon Islands sends the following well-tried recipe to make a baked pineapple pudding: Grate one pineapple into a saucepan, add a tablespoon of sugar. Heat well, and put into pie-dish.

On top of the fruit pulp pour a mixture made of the following ingredients: Two tablespoons sugar, one tablespoon butter, four tablespoons flour, four tablespoons cold water, one egg, halfteaspoon bicarbonate of soda, one teaspoon cream of tartar. Mix butter and sugar to cream, then add egg- After beating well, put in water and flour. Stir again, adding other ingredients and a few raisins. Bake in hot oven for 20 minutes.

Mrs. Edith Allen-Taylor, who has lived for the last three years at Norfolk Island, her husband being connected with the oable station there, arrived in Sydney recently on holidays by the Morinda.

Miss Eve Blacklock, a member of a family associated with the early history of Western Samoa, has accepted office as a member of the committee of the Polynesian Club of Sydney. Her father was for many years in Samoa, and for a time was the United States Consul at Apia.

Pattern Service

WE have arranged with a well-known Sydney firm of pattern-cutters to publish each month a diagram of a seasonable frock, patterns of which may be obtained by our readers direct from this office, post-free, on payment of the sum stated under the diagram. Address your letter to “Patterns,” Pacific Islands Monthly, Box 3408 R, Sydney, and enclose a note giving the number of the pattern wanted and bust size, and enclose also the price of the pattern in postal note or stamps. The pattern will be sent by return mall.

Dr. and Mrs. W. E. Giblin, of Port Moresby, departed from Papua in the middle of July by the Macdhui for Salamaua, New Guinea, via Rabaul. Dr. Giblin, who has been in the Territory for 26 years, recently resigned from his position as Medical Officer at Pt. Moresby to take up an engagement with New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. at Wau. There were many farewell parties in Papua to bid “bon voyage” to the popular medico and his wife; and at every function sincere emphasis was laid on Dr. Giblin’s personal and professional capabilities, and deep regret was expressed at his departure from Papua after so many years of inestimable service to the white residents and to the natives. 2051. —A noticeably dressy effect is achieved cn this frock by the shaped basque. Wide revers extend to the double-breasted fastening which provides quite a change. Skirt features inverted pleats back and front. Material (for 36 in. bust): 4½ yds. 36 ins. wide. Bust sizes 32 to 40 ins. 62 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Obtainable from all Leading Grocery Stores -- Write to Department A., Olivers and Sons Ltd., Histon, Cambridge, England, for attractive Recipe Book Fashion Hints for Islands Women By Therese SUMMER fashions are gay as a floral festival. Exotic blooms, old fashioned posies, flowers from old world gardens and colourful vegetables shorn of their humility, flaunt themselves over the new materials with glorious abandon.

An evening gown of printed crepe de chene splashed with enormous flowers is delightful with its off-the-shoulder line and accompanying net cape. Voiles and organdies fashion themselves into enchanting frocks for all occasions. Broderie Anglaise in pastel shades makes the most divine evening frocks for tropical nights.

Taffeta petticoats rustle beneath, whispering romance, and a taffeta sash supplies lovely colour contrast.

You may not be an angel, but you can fool the world in the white gown of chiffon embroidered with crystal beads, whose draperies fall from shoulder to hemline and float ethereally with every movement.

Subtle colour contrast is in the coral pink gown of heavy crepe, slim as a column, and swathed with an olive green sash which falls gracefully to the floor.

Since grey is fashion’s dernier cri, a plum taffeta picture gown tip-tilts itself in front to reveal a froth of pearly grey tulle which foams again at the low decolletage as a last-minute concession to modesty.

Very sophisticated is the black slipper satin gown with slim skirt spreading widely at the hem and tiny fitted jacket tied at throat with an enormous lemon-leaf yellow scarf.

A strikingly unusual gown of black taffeta, bouffant of skirt, outlines its cross-over bodice with tartan taffeta and adds a tight fitting Edwardian jacket of the tartan buttoned high to its demure collar.

Crisp starched laces, swathe their waists with taffeta sashes, and are lovely to be-tive hold. Cool beyond belief, they are really marvellous possessions.

Evening wraps are glamorous to the nth degree. Renaissance capes sweep dramatically to the floor; net and tulle capes—-delicious confections —froth and foam about the wearer; pleated chiffon capes, romantic and beguiling flare out fanwise to the hem of the gown; ballerina jackets of taffeta or moire, of floral, plain or shot effect emphasise the pencil slim skirts beneath. Red Riding Hood bonnets of tulle attach themselves to evening capes and are absolutely devastating with their demure charm and are a wonderful device for keeping the coiffure in perfect order. Glazed printed linen evening coats finger tip length are crisp and flaring and dewy as a spring morning—and so they go on with a variety and charm that are infinite.

Day clothes are a delight. Crisp, cool materials go to their making and simplicity is their key-note. They are gayed with lots of white—collars, cuffs, jabots, etc. A short-sleeved spectator frock is doubly assured of success by the addition of well chosen accessories. A white pig skin belt, holdall and gloves, two toned shoes, and a gaily patterned scarf, and all the joy of life is emphasised.

A foundation frock is an ever present need in one’s wardrobe. In the twinkling of an eye by virtue of lightning changes it becomes several frocks, each with an individuality all its own. Begin with cool draperies and belt: add a capelet; whisk it off, and a little jerkin goes its merry way: and so on ad infinitum but never ad nauseam.

A cross-over frock of green batiste, quaintly figured, trims its sailor collar with rick-rack braid. A white sailor hat with ribbon trim adds a jaunty note.

Check gingham frocks are gay and attracadditions to the wardrobe. They wash marvellously and retain their pristine freshness to the last thread. Coloured belts and buttons and shoes of patent make them unbelievably chic. A black overcheck on a white ground sports black buttons, belt, and two-tone shoes. Add a white hat with black patent trim and the result is charming.

A well-tailored white linen suit has a gillet front which leaves back and shoulders bare when the coat is doffed —the minimum of clothes with the maximum of respectability. What an accomplishment!

A red and grey check batiste blouse exudes charm in every thread when allied to a jacket suit of silver grey. It ties in a perky bow at the throat.

The lovely linens of to-day hold an exalted place in fashion’s scheme of things.

Their use is universal—day clothes, evening gowns, coats, gloves, hats, bags, belts, and even shoes hasten to fashion themselves with their various designs.

A pink linen collar trims the dress of silk patterned in zig-zag fashion, pink on a black ground and a pink linen hat gives further joy.

A string linen frock takes unto itself many scarves to help its change programme. The scarves are tied cowl or sling fashion, or flutter gaily in the breeze, with equal success. 63 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Being built on a Galvanised Tree, heavily bar plated, and strained with English web, riders are assured of its genuine foundation. Its soft, pliant kip flaps are hard-wearing, while the sweepy seat gives superb riding comfort.

FiVted with Best Leather, Folded Girth, VK/K/- Stirrups / Freight Free With Capped Pads, 15/- extra.

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Sydney’s High-Class Saddler.

Newmarket Saddlery W. H. Williams for “Safer” Saddles 18-20 Wilson St., Newtown, N.S.W.

Copra Mat* and Matting' . . .

Send your enquiries to us for Woven Wire Mesh in Rolls or framed for Copra Drying and all Screening purposes. Bird Cages, Sieves and Riddles, Builder’s Gravel Screens, Rat Traps, Door Mats, Garden Arches, Chain Wire Mesh, Crimped Wire Mesh for Window Guards, etc.

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WIREWORKS: RAILWAY PARADE AND MURRAY STREET MARRICKVILLE The Popular Light Steel Plough The “Victory" combines maxistrength with minimum and draught. Turns a furrow up to 6-ins. deep by 10-ins. wide. Weight 85 lbs.

We also supply numerous other types of ploughs and implements meeting all requirements, as well as lawn mowers, aerodrome equipment, steam engines, boilers, etc.

Illustrated literature and ail information from: Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.

Suva, Lautoka and Ba ansomes “VICTORY” PLOUGH Made by: —RANSOMES, SIMS & JEFFERIES, LTD., IPSWICH, ENGLAND A lovely flower frock for summer days has shirred shoulders and puff sleeves. Its skirt fits snugly at the hips and flares to fullness at the front panel. Add a large, shady, straw trimmed with flowers and perfection is achieved.

Pastel shaded voiles are ideal and a number of voile frocks should be included in every tropical wardrobe. Voiles launder perfectly, always retaining their cool charm.

Fashion Highlights In Brief

Pleats for day and evening with shirrings sharing popularity.

Applique work makes for marvellous detail.

Loose sway back jackets are infectiously gay.

Trim little capes swing from shoulders with a nonchalant air.

Plenty of white touches for coolth —hats, gloves, bags, crisp pique flowers, etc.

Rick-rack braid trims collars, belts and cotton day and evening frocks.

Loose mesh weaves are ideal tropical wear.

Lace is well to the fore for blouses, dresses, trimmings, evening coats and capes.

Large chiffon handkerchiefs for evening are diamante studded or initial embroidered.

Fans are fashionable—large and small.

Flowers for all occasions—perching on hat crowns, tumbling from brims, thrust at waist line, tucked in the hair.

Enormous scarves are delightful for evening.

Fan pleated chiffon sashes fall gracefully floorwards.

Square heeled shoes and square toes are increasing in popularity.

Rev. H. K. Bartlett, L.Th., of Misima Island, where he has been a Methodist missionary, arrived in Sydney by the Montoro on July 24. He left immediately for South Australia to join his wife, who came down from the Territory several months ago.

Lone Woman

Life on Midway Island IVJIDWAY ISLAND, a five-miles-wide I*-*- atoll in the North Pacific, has come into prominence in recent months as a calling station on the Pan American Airways’ route from California to the Philippines.

Once occupied by only eight employees of the American cable station, the tiny island has now assumed great strategic importance. It now has a naval and cable station, weather bureau, lighthouse, quarters and workshop for the P.A. Airways men, as well as a hostel for passengers, should the large amphibians stay overnight at the island.

Mrs. George B. Perry, wife of the cable station manager, who is the only woman on the island among the present personnel of 35, was interviewed recently at Midway and gave some interesting glimpses of life there.

“While I have little housework and no cooking, I look after my two small children, the only ones on the island, and the diversions of life fully occupy me,” she said.

“I play tennis or golf every day, swim in summer, and walk in the winter, when the water is too cold. A library at Honolulu sends us 100 books a month, together with all the latest reviews, magazines, and periodicals. Besides, I have my handwork.

“Our garden contains 24 vegetables,” continued Mrs. Perry. “That is, besides bananas, papaya and limes. Fish is plentiful. Our farmyard has chickens, ducks, pigeons, turkeys, cows and pigs.

“When we wish to prove our independence of cold-storage, we can produce a dinner of papaya cocktail, cream of fresh spinach soup, lettuce and egg salad, ulua (an Islands whiteflsh), chop suey, containing string beans, celery, and carrot, cottage fried potatoes, with radishes and little green onions for garnish.

“Anywhere else but at Midway, it would seem rather ludicrous to run barefooted on the beach in a trailing dinner-dress, or to wear shorts to see the Clipper planes land and take off,” she added.

“But we are governed by our own conditions of life. Behold me, then, on ‘movie night,’ with skirts held high, trudging through the sand for a quarter of a mile to Pan-Air’s supply-room, dumping my shoes on arrival, and sitting on a wooden bench.

“The motion picture is operated to the accompaniment of ‘wisecracks’ from the audience, and run backward to add variety to the programme!”

Mr. R. N. Wayne, manager of the Methodist Mission’s plantation at Ulu, in the Duke of York Group, New Guinea, sailed from Sydney with his wife and small daughter by the Montoro on July 29. He has been in the Territory for 12 years.

Mr. Norman E. Toder, of Hanmer Springs, N.Z., where he was on the staff of the Queen Mary Hospital, recently was the recipient of a presentation, prior to his departure for Apia, Western Samoa.

Mr. C. F. R. Gilbert, late of the Witu Group, New Guinea, where he has been a plantation overseer for some years, arrived in Sydney by the Malaita from Rabaul on July 31. He has been in the Mandated Territory for 17 years. Mr.

Gilbert sailed for England to spend six months’ holiday by the Orsova on August 64 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 193 6

Leather Belts

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Name Address P. 1.8

Pacific Air Services

Guam-New Guinea Link?

THE question of providing an air mail service across the Pacific, linking Australia with North America, appears to be receiving increasing attention from the two great Anglo-Saxon air companies— Imperial Airways Limited and Pan American Airways (which, it is understood, are working in co-operation).

It was originally proposed that, once the ’Frisco-Honolulu-Manila-China route was being regularly operated by Pan American Airways, a new service would be inaugurated between Honolulu and Auckland (New Zealand), via the Central Pacific groups (Samoa and Fiji). For some reason, however, Pan American Airways appear to have lost their first enthusiasm for this latter proposal.

Since then it has been suggested that for the present an air-mail service with America might be operated, by using the present Imperial Airways’ service from Australia to Singapore; thence by special air liner to China; and thence using P.A.

Airways’ service from China across the North Pacific to San Francisco.

During the month a further plan has been presented. It is that British and American interests, in co-operation, should run a branch line due south from Guam (one of the stations on the North Pacific service between Honolulu and Manila) to the New Guinea mainland; and thence, via Wau and Port Moresby, to Australia.

One commentator says; “This would connect with the proposed Australia-New Guinea service, for which tenders are to be called.

“The completed links would bring Sydney within seven days of the United States. New York would be an eight days’ journey.

“The likely tenderers for the New Guinea service are Guinea Airways Ltd., W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd., Airlines of Australia Ltd., and Qantas Empire Airways Ltd.

"An extension from Guam Island—on the existing Pan American trans-Pacific route —to Port Moresby would be one day’s flight.”

It has been reported in certain quarters that the Commonwealth Government, on the advice of its defence authorities, is planning a route for the Australia-New Guinea air service which will not include Port Moresby at all.

This is because the authorities wish to place an important landing station at the northerly tip of Australia, on Cape York.

Thence, it is believed, the route will go directly across Torres Strait to Daru, and thence north-eastwards to the N.G. goldfield; or, alternatively, it may go directly from the Cape York aerodrome to the Wame River, in the delta of the Purari River, on the Gulf of Papua; and thence east by north to the New Guinea goldfield, with an emergency landing ground somewhere between the Wame and Wau.

Such a proposal is certain to arouse bitter protest from Port Moresby, which hitherto has been counting on becoming an important station on the air-mail route between New Guinea and Australia.

There were reports some months ago that Imperial Airways were planning an alternative route between Singapore and Australia—that they were contemplating the possibility of reaching Australia via Borneo and New Guinea, instead of via the East Indies and Darwin. Wq now have received authoritative advice from London that "Imperial Airways have no intention of flying to Australia via New Guinea.”

An announcement about the inauguration of a new aerial transport service in Fiji may be expected at no distant date.

Fiji Residents’ Complaint

A RESIDENT of Nabouwalu, Bua, Fiji, writes to complain that although the Government yacht Pioneer, with the Acting Governor aboard, spent some time at Nabouwalu in July, the white settlors and planters in the district were not inviled to meet the Vice-Regal party. They felt this the more because the Governor on previous visits had met them; and on this occasion they had certain matters they wished to place before His Excellency.

“Are we not worthy of recognition,” asks our correspondent, “or was this an oversight due to there being no District Commissioner residing in this province through whom invitations might be issued? We should have been glad of this opportunity to meet the head of the Administration, as few of us can afford to travel into Suva to lay our troubles before the authorities there.” 65 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Imports From From Month. Australia. Pacific Is.

June, 1935 £3,513 .. £19 June, 1936 £3,215 .. £16 Exports To To Month. Australia. Pacific Is.

June, 1935 £345 .. £3 June, 1936 £315 .. £17 MELBOURNE HOTEL ■ ■ SUVA ■-■■■■-- .

Centrally situated near Government offices. Opposite sea baths and bowling green. Excellent table.

Terms moderate. Best brands of liquor kept. including Hardy’s famous wines.

E. C. DOBELL Proprietor

Pacific Taxi

GARAGE - - (Vincent K. Brothers) Day and night service . . . Most modern hire service in Suva . .

Excellent drivers.

Our special trips embrace Rewa Valley and Sugar Mill, River Scenery, Lami, Suva Point, and Native Kings' Town of Bau.

Trips can be arranged on Intersular Road to Ellington, Tavua.

Ba, Lautoka, and Sigatoka.

Cables: “Vincent,” Suva. 'Phone 33.

Your Tropical Kit When you visit the Pacific Islands, whether on Business or Pleasure, you need Special Equipment—Light Suits of Correct Style, which fit well and launder easily; Tunic Shirts, Silk Shirts, Light Underwear, White Shoes, etc.

WALTER HORNE & CO. LTD., established in 1885, specialise in this Service.

Skilled Tailors make your suits from First-class material within 24 hours.

Complete equipment can be supplied from our Large Stocks at Reasonable, Moderate Prices.

Buy From The Firm Which Understands Your Needs And

Dresses You Correctly

WALTER HORNE & CO. LTD. carry a Full Range of Drapery of all kinds; also Frocks, Millinery, Foundations and Lingerie, Hosiery, Shoes and Sandals, Ribbons and Laces, Household Drapery.

Men resident in any of the Pacific Territories can be supplied with Suitable Clothes.

Ladies 9 Hairdressing and Manicuring Write to us and Describe your Requirements.

Walter Horne & Co. Ltd.

Drapers and Men*s Wear Specialists

Suva, Fiji

Mr. Ron. Mackenzie entered the Wau European Hospital, New Guinea, in the middle of July as a result of a severe crushing while driving a lorry which overturned at Slate Creek.

To Be Flown to New Guinea Guinea Airways’ Fast New ’Plane Arrives in Australia CECURED amidships across the motor ship Hauraki, her gleaming sides covered with petroleum jelly to keep the salt spray from the metal, a new American Lockheed Electra low-wing monoplane arrived at Adelaide to the order of Guinea Airways Ltd. on July 30.

The machine, which was under the care of Mr. D. E. Nixson, a mechanical inspector from the Lockheed factory in U.S.A., has been assembled and is now undergoing tests. At the end of August it will be flown to Melbourne, Canberra, Sydney, and Brisbane for demonstration flights. It will then be piloted by Mr. Eric H. Chater to New Guinea where it will take up a regular schedule with Guinea Airways’ services.

The ’plane was christened the Cecil Levien, after the former Government Patrol Officer at Buka (Northern Solomons), who first suggested the possibilities of the aeroplane as a transport factor in the N.G. gold industry. In December, 1923, Mr. Levien received the first miner’s right issued in the Morobe goldfield area in the Mandated Territory. His widow performed the naming ceremony at Adelaide on August 14.

The new Lockheed Electra is the first of its class to be imported into Australia.

Each of its two Pratt and Whitney ninecylinder radial air-cooled engines develop 450 h.p. The machine has a maximum speed of 210 m.p.h., and a cruising speed of 195 m.p.h. It is equipped with accommodation for 10 passengers, and has a freight carrying capacity of 3,700 lbs.

The ’plane is of all-metal construction, is fitted with Hamilton Standard controllable pitch propellers, and embodies every modern device for comfort and operation.

In size it is 38ft. long and has a wing span of 55ft. Its oil capacity allows for 12 gallons of Aero Mobiloil Green Band, and its fuel tanks will carry 161 gallons of Stanavo aviation gasoline.

The monoplane is being tested in Adelaide by Mr. Vernon Dorrell, who arrived in Australia from San Francisco on July 26. One of Pan American Airways foremost aviators, Mr. Dorrell has been borrowed by the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation to instruct Guinea Airways pilots in the manipulation of the new Electra.

Norfolk Island Trade

Mr. T. E. Warburton, manager of Messrs. Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.

Ltd, at Ba, Fiji, arrived in Sydney on a holiday by the Katoomba on August 7.

Mrs. Harley Brown, of Wadestown, Wellington, N.Z., has returned from a visit to her cousin, Mrs. R. V. Kay, wife of the Commissioner of the High Court of Western Samoa, at Apia.

The latest addition to Guinea Air ways fleet a new Lockheed Electra monoplane, capable of 210 m.p.h. 66 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

r 'WK The PREMIER Social Rendezvous of Fiji . . .

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TARIFF: from 17/6 per Day Accommodation Reserved by Wireless Cable address: “Grandpacif,”

Suva.

Mysterious Sampan

Examined by Fiji Governor From Our Own Correspondent.

SUVA, July 31. r TVHE Fijian authorities made interesting *- contact with a Japanese vessel the other day.

The Acting-Governor (Mr. J. Barton) was on a visit of inspection on the Government vessel Pioneer, off the north coast of Vanua Levu, when a craft of peculiar appearance was observed, making for the reef near Labasa.

The Pioneer headed for the stranger, which thereupon turned and fled. The Pioneer dug up 12 knots from her repertoire and slowly overtook the foreigner, and signalled her to hoist her colours.

The stranger hoisted the Japanese flag.

The Pioneer ordered her to stop for examination. The stranger did not stop until it was plain that the Pioneer was overhauling her and was ostentatiously removing the tarpaulin from her signalling guns. Then she lay to.

There was an officer of marines on the Pioneer; and he took a party aboard the sampan, and brought the Japanese captain and engineer on to the Government vessel for interrogation. Little was learned of the object of the sampan’s presence in those waters.

The sampan was about 100 feet long, and had powerful Diesel engines. She carried 28 men (which was regarded as excessive) and about 5000 gallons of oil.

She had evidently called somewhere along the coast, as freshly-cut bunches of bananas were noticed aboard.

The object of the sampan cruising in Fijian waters is the subject of speculation.

She may have been seeking trochus-shell, but there was no indication of it.

The Pioneer could find nothing of an illegal character about the sampan; and, as she was then outside of territorial waters, she was not further delayed.

Since the report that the Pioneer sighted this vessel, word has been brought to Suva by the master of a cutter that he saw what is thought to be the same sampan, apparently engaged in diving for shell off Udu Point. He stated that after the Pianeer left, the vessel returned near the coast and started diving. Later the Japanese boat worked down the coast and was last seen at the island of Kia, which is off the coast near Labasa.

A Chinese storekeeper at Udu Point said that the diving gear used consisted only of a head dress and goggles.

German Consul Visits

New Guinea Goldfield

From Our Own Correspondent.

WAU, July 22.

IVR. VV. HELLENTHAL of the German Consulate-General in Australia, paid an official visit to Wau on July 15, arriving by ’plane from Port Moresby. He was met on the Wau aerodrome by several prominent German residents.

A dinner was given in his honour the same evening at the Wau Hotel, Among those present were Mr. X. Penglase (A.D.0.), Mrs. Penglase, Mr. and Mrs. Neal.

M.L.C., Mr. C. L. B. Wilde, and Mr. Oscar Schwartz.

Dr. Hellenthal remained in the Morobe district several days, during which he made a tour of the outlying country.

Tourists Invade Tahiti

For July 14 Festivities From Our Own Correspondent.

PAPEETE, July 7.

UPWARDS of a hundred tourists arrived in Tahiti by the Makura on June 13 and a further 150 have booked up for the Maunganui due to arrive here on July 11, in time to participate in the French National festivities of the 14th, the preparations for which are now well under way.

Some anxiety was manifested by the executive of the Tourist Bureau lest the available accommodation might prove insufficient for such an unusually large number of visitors at one time. Special arrangements have been made, however, and this difficulty has been satisfactorily overcome.

In order that round-trippers may have as much fun as possible during their short stay, the Fete this year will open on the evening of Sunday, the 12th, when a grand Pal Publiquc will be held at the Place du Marechal Joffre. This will be followed on the four succeeding days by the usual events consisting of singing and dancing by native troupes on the lawn in front of the Governor's Palace, sailing canoe races and other aquatic diversions in the harbour, various sporting competitions, and a great display of fireworks offered by the Governor.

The official part of the celebrations will take place on the 14th, when the local troops will be reviewed and the usual ceremony held at the monument to Tahitian soldiers, upon which wreaths will be placed by the Chief of the Colony.

The celebrations will end on July 19 67 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Star mm TAXIS Garage: Princes Street, Suva.

'Phone 322.

Cable Address: “Tillak.” G.P.O. Box 124, Suva.

AT YOUR SERVICE: Sedan and Touring Cars. Latest Models equipped with radio.

Our Cars Meet all Steamers Motor Lorries & Launches for Hire.

General Carriers.

Quotes given for Immediate Transport to all parts of Island Suva Tavua • Lautoka—Sigatoka. Open always, including Sundays and Holidays.

Plume Motor Spirit and Gargoyle MobUoil Service Station.

Terms cash. Monthly accounts to approved customers only.

White Star Motor Garage Tillak Bros., Proprietors The Yorkshire Insurance Coy. Ltd.

Established In York— Ib24

Agents and Attorneys throughout the Pacific Islands SUVA - - A. Q. McGowan & Co.

SALAMAUA A. Innes K AVI ENG - F. V. Saunders PAPUA Port Moresby - - E. A. James Samara! - - E. J. Morrow NEW GUINEA BRANCH: Park St., RABAUL.

Fire Aeciilent Hlarlue Total Assets Exceed £15,000,000.

E. G. MacADAM, Manager.

Fishing Tackle Firearms and Ammunition All Sports Equipment If contemplating a visit to New Zealand, write TISDALLS, who will forward their 120-page Anglers’ Handbook, and will supply all Fishing, Shooting & General Sports information desired.

TISDALLS Largest Retailers of Sports Equipment in N.Z.

Branches at:

Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch

And Hamilton

No connection with any business in Rotorua.

ASK FOR

Price Lists

I

N.G. Public Service

RECENT staff movements in the New Guinea Administration were announced on July 16 as follows: TRANSFERS Government Secretary’s Dept.: G. E. Walker, Clerk, Public Health Dept., to Central Administration; C. W. Hams, Clerk, Treasury Dept. (Stores Branch), to Public Health Dept.

Public Health Dept.: R. R. L. Foulkes, Medical Assistant, Rabaul to Namatanai; H. S. Roberts, Medical Officer, Salamaua to Kavieng; L. A. Hudson, Medical Assistant, Rabaul to Wewak; W. A- McAllister, Medical Assistant, Kavieng to Rabaul; B. A. Sinclair, Medical Officer, Rabaul to Salamaua; J. F. Collins, Medical Assistant, Wau to Rabaul; E. A. Holland, Medical Officer, Kavieng to Rabaul; R. T. Squires, Medical Assistant, Rabaul to Gasmata.

District Services and Native Affairs Dept.: L.

Pursehouse, Cadet, Salamaua to Wewak; N. Penglase. Assistant District Officer, Rabaul to Salamaua; E. H. F. Mitchell, Cadet, Rabaul to Kavieng; E. C. Styants, Cadet, Kokopo to Talasea.

Temporary Employees

Engagements: Miss C. Love, Typiste, Dept, of Agriculture; Miss M. Thomas, Typiste, Public Health Dept.; C. G. Francis, Roadmaster (Kokopo), Public Works Dept.; I. Crawford, Roadmaster (Wau), Public Works Dept.; Mrs. N. M. Turner, Typiste, Lands Dept.

Dr. E. A. Holland, Government Medical Officer in charge of the New Ireland district, reached Australia by the Nankin at the end of July.

Unruly Natives

Night Attack on N.G. Patrol /V PATROL led by Assistant District x Officer A. Nurton was attacked at night by hostile natives on the Rai coast, 40 miles south of Madang, in New Guinea, on July 23.

One native constable was killed and four were wounded, one seriously.

Two loaded rifles were stolen.

The patrol was engaged in ordinary administration work, including the taking of a census, and the attack took place while the party was asleep.

District Officer McDonald, of Madang, is investigating.

Long notorious for their ferocity, the natives of the Rai coast were deprived of their lands by the pre-war German administration as a punishment for an abortive plot to attack Madang and massacre the German inhabitants.

Some years after the capture of New Guinea by the Australian forces, their lands were restored by the Administration of the Mandated Territory in consequence of their having come readily under control.

“Fanaticism” Reported From Our Own Correspondent.

RABAUL, July 14.

REPORTS have been received that Rai Coast natives are awaiting the second coming of Christ, who, it is stated by mission teachers, will arrive on a large white cloud.

The rumours are causing considerable interest amongst the local natives, who have been told that they must all remain in their villages in order to await the arrival of the Messiah. Natives who are absent from their homes at the time of the coming will not be “saved.”

Many indentured labourers are seeking permission to return to their homes, and recruiters are finding it impossible to obtain recruits from this area.

Solomon Islander

Awarded O.B.E. Medal

From Our Own Correspondent TULAGI, July 16.

THE Acting High Commissioner for the Western Pacific has notified the 8.5.1.

Administration that King Edward VIII has awarded the Medal of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire to Lance-Corporal Toni, of the Armed Constabulary.

Toni is non-commissioned officer in charge of the Santa Cruz detachment of the constabulary. He is stationed in the Reef Islands.

During the hurricane in Santa Oruz district last December, Toni swam out through heavy seas and assisted in securing the safety of the Government auxiliary vessel Veronica, which was anchored off Tuo. On board the vessel were the District Officer and his wife.

Mr. W. L. Dunlop, constructional engineer in charge of the Vacuum Oil Co.’s works in Fiji, recently arrived in Melbourne with his wife on a health visit. 68 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19 , 1936

Piimpmobil LIGHT and Motor Pump Complete Plant’s weight, 140 lbs. Capacityup to 12,000 gallons per hour.

All heads from 10 to 115 feet.

Fuel consumption, V 2 gallon per hour.

Pressure 55Ub. square inch.

Especially suitable prospecting and all Sluicing Requirements.

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12 Spring Street, Sydney

oAustralia’s Clearing House for the ‘Precious BUYERS OF GOLD OSMIRIDIUM, PLATINUM, SILVER, &c.

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Assayers, Bullion Merchants, Metallurgists

Bank of N.S.W. Buildings, Regent Street, Sydney MORRIS, HEDSTROM, Ltd.

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Vacuum Oil Company (Pty.) Limited Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Nobel (Australasia) Pty Ltd.—Explosives Full Stocks of

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DUST, Etc., Etc.

Sydney Office:

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Branches throughout the gold hearing areas Lautoka, Ba, Tavua, Penang, Nadi, and Sigatoka

Pacific Islands Mining Reports

From Fiji

Emperor, Loloma And Koroere Mines

STATING that he was well satisfied with his visit, Mr. T. R. Victor, mining engineer, and a director of Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L., Emperor Mines Ltd., and Koroere Gold N.L., returned to Australia by the Monterey in July, after an inspection of the three mines at Tavua, Fiji.

Mr. Victor stated that the Emperor mine was developing splendidly at the bottom level, 190 ft. in depth. The company had now driven on a strong fissure type of lode for close on 300 ft., carrying payable values. The shoot of gold at this level corresponded in position to No. 1 section of the upper level and the values, if anything, were better than the values above. As far as was known, the width was over 30ft. and flat makes of ore, similar in type to the flat makes at the upper level, were showing at the 190 ft. level, carrying payable values. These flat makes were a source of large additional tonnage to the main vertical lode. Other parts of the mine had developed satisfactorily, and the reserves of ore now in sight were considerably greater than the reserves shown in the prospectus. In addition to the 2000 tons a month, already treated, a milling plant capable of treating a further 10,000 tons monthly had been ordered from a Melbourne firm.

The Loloma mine, he said, was developing very satisfactorily at the south end of the 120 ft. shaft level. During recent weeks highly payable values were showing in this section, and during his visit from five to seven feet of good-grade ore was showing in the face. It was expected by the management that these values would continue for many hundreds of feet south of this level. At the main adit level south good values were showing, over four feet of ore being in the face. The length of the good-grade ore was now nearly 600 ft. long at this level. It had been decided not to open the Regent lode, where high values were showing, until the main adit level had been driven to a point opposite the Regent outcrop, when a crosscut would be put out to intercept the Regent lode, giving 100 ft. of backs. Tenders had already been called for the manufacture of a milling plant, capable of treating 500 tons weekly.

Discussing the Koroere mine, Mr. Victor stated that a boring campaign was being inaugurated to cut the Regent lode, the boundary lode, the Loloma lode and three other known lodes, close to the Emperor and Loloma boundaries, at a depth of 300 ft. This boring campaign would be commenced shortly, and interesting developments were expected.

TAVUA POWER PTY. LTD.

Directors of Tavua Power Pty. Ltd., Fiji, report that the excavations for the power house and foundations for the compression and generating sets have been completed, the steel work of the power house buildings has been erected, and the clothing of the buildings in asbestos sheeting is well in hand. The air compressor and first generating set should arrive in Suva this month. Other work incidental to the power scheme is well up to schedule date. Shares in the company are held by Loloma (Fiji) Gold Mines N.L. and Emperor Mines Ltd., and electrical power will be supplied to the gold mines of these companies.

EMPEROR MINES LTD.

Emperor Mines Ltd. treated ore of a slightly greater head value in the July-August period, but gold recovery was a little smaller. Tonnages of the last two crushings were about the same.

Four weeks ended June 13 July 11 Aug. 8 Treated, long tons . 1940 2275 2277 Head, value (dwt. a ton) 11.9 10.14 10.5 Gold won, fine oz. . 1070 1050.25 1048.19 Average dwt. a ton 11 9.23 9.21 VEES UNITED N.L.

In the middle of July, telegraphic advice was received in Australia from Vees United’s attorney in Fiji (Sir Henry Scott, K.C.) notifying that Dr.

Loftus Hills (the Company’s consulting geologist) had advised the abandonment of the areas held under option.

Mr. J. N. Goodsir has resigned from the directorate of the company.

FIJI MINING CORPORATION N.L.

Directors of Fiji Mining Corporation N.L. report that it has been decided to suspend operations temporarily on prospecting licence 288, Tavua, Fiji, pending the result of operations by adjoining companies. This information is expected to give the company valuable data on which to base its future development policy. Application has been made to the Mining Board of Suva for exemption to protect the licence during the period of the shutdown.

From Papua CUTHBERT’S MISIMA GOLD MINE LTD.

Mining and treatment operations have been carried on regularly by Cuthbert’s Misima Gold Mine Ltd., Misima Island, despite fairly constant heavy rains over the past two months, reported the secretary (Mr. C. C. Brown) in a circular to shareholders on July 31.

The mill is now treating at the rate of about 19,000 tons of ore a year. Mine development is well ahead of requirements, and the assay of lode faces shows up well. Ore is being won from 17 stope floors, besides all development faces, consequently it is being spread over a large portion of the mine. Work for the enlarged plant is going ahead satisfactorily. The road to the new timber areas has been completed. It is estimated these areas contain sufficient timber for about 10 years.

In addition the company holds other timber areas.

At an arbitration sitting in Samarai the Co.’s claim for £763 against the vendor Co. for a proportion of the gold in the vendor Co.’s final clean-up in October was successful, whilst a claim for £llO7 against the Co. by the vendors for certain native labour was not successful. The costs of arbitration are to be paid by the vendor Co.

The interim dividend of 6d. a share, payable on August 28, together with the five per cent. 69 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

May.

June, July.* Ore, tons 1436 1580 1305 Bullion, oz 1877 2396 1498 Gold, fine oz 499 499 348 Silver, fine oz 1336 1843 1150 Estimated value (gold at £A8 per oz.) £4095 £4122 £2844 Value per ton 57/- 52/2 43/7 * To July 18 instead of July 23.

Low recovery due to excessive rains flooding vats and causiner loss of solution. During the period 40 inches of ram fell, which is considerably above the average.

Shipped for realisation about £75 worth of auriferous sands and £500 worth of slags and . ashes.

Edie Creek Mill— Apl.

May.

June.

Tons *3566 13448 Fine gold, oz 1172 1269 1161 Fine silver, oz 3249 3581 3037 Alluvial— Fine Gold, oz 1111 1088 1141 Fine silver, oz 838 826 863 Golden Ridges Mill— Fine Gold, oz 1489 1244 1599 Fine silver, oz 828 847 1039 Operating Profit— Alluvial £6127 £5478 £4600 Golden Ridges Mill . . 6605 5999 3782 Edie Creek mill 1867 3731 3704 t From April 14 to May 14. * From May 14 to June 14. f From June 14 to July 14.

Mining Ore Treatment Machinery Complete Cyanide Plants Supplied.

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ASSAYS are assured to producers and sellers of gold bullion who forward their consignments to The Electrolytic Refining and Smelting Co. of Aust. Ltd. for treatment and realisation.

RECORD PRICE.— On 6th March, 1935, this company paid to its clients at the rate of £9/4/6 net per fine ounce, which is the highest price ever paid for gold in Australia.

SPECIALLY ORGANISED SER- VICE is available to clients in New Guinea, Fiji and other Pacific Island centres.

Address consignments from outside Australia to the Company's Sydney office.

Weighing a Pacific Islands consignment of gold bullion at an E.R. & 8. receiving office.

The Electrolytic Refining & Smelting Co.

OF AUSTRALIA LIMITED.

Melbourne; Works; Sydney: Collins House. Port Kembla, N.S.W. 25 O'Connell Street.

Purchasers and Refiners of Gold, Silver, Copper in any form BANKERS.—The English, Scottish and Australian Bank Ltd. bonus distribution among the Co.’s white staff, will absorb £7875.

The following report was issued on August 8: LOUISIADE GOLD N.L.

The activities of Louisiade Gold N.L. at Misima Island have ceased, and the plant has been removed to Sudest, according to an interim report issued to shareholders on July 17.

The first objective of the Co. was to place a small sluicing plant on alluvial leases at Misima held by a native named Gala. A party of five sailed from Sydney in October last to erect plant, clear the ground, and build a dam. Monsoonal rains delayed operations, but work was recommenced in March. It was found that the ground to be treated contained much clay and heavy boulders and in consequence recovery was difficult. More machinery was sent to the property, hut results were not commensurate with the time and money spent. In May the Board decided to withdraw from Misima and concentrate on Sudest.

Because gold to the value of only £lB4 has been received in Sydney, the manager has been requested to speed up production at Sudest. A competent mining engineer is now inspecting the property, and will return to Australia in September to make his report to the Board.

From New Guinea SUNSHINE GOLD DEVELOPMENT LTD.

On August 10. the general manager in New Guinea of Sunshine Gold Development Ltd. advised by radio that the sluicing plant at Goldfoil is now in operation, with a full head of water.

The work had been delayed several months ago as a result of trouble with the siphon line.

BULOLO GOLD DEPOSITS LTD.

The manager of Bulolo Gold Deposits Ltd., New Guinea, reported early in August that the company had cleaned up 3970 z. of gold for 345 working hours.

The company has obtained a tribute from New Guinea Goldfields Ltd., on satisfactory terms, adjoining the present workings. Work is being commenced on this area immediately, in conjunction with work on the Co/s own property.

RAMU (N.G.) GOLD SYNDICATE N.L.

Shareholders of Ramu (New Guinea) Gold Syndicate N.L., at an extraordinary meeting in Melbourne on August 7, decided voluntarily to wind up the syndicate. There will not be any return to shareholders.

The company was formed in Victoria at the end of 1934 with a capital of £5OOO in 1000 shares of £5. Seven hundred were offered for public subscription and 300 were held in trust for the vendors and promoters.

Messrs. Spence and Smith, of Wau, tested the Co. s leases on three tributaries of the Ramu River.

They recommended the abandonment of the areas in August, 1935.

NEW GUINEA GOLDFIELDS LTD.

The monthly returns of production and estimated profits of New Guinea Goldfields Ltd. are as follows; ENTERPRISE OF NEW GUINEA N.L.

From the general manager of Enterprise of New Guinea N.L., the following cable was received on July 22: — “Further delay Surprise Creek-Watut area owing to heavy rain; some damage along water-race.

Developments of importance taking place at engine face, discovered what appears to be old river bedrock. Must do more development work before extent made known.”

Advice was received on August 4 by the Melbourne management of the Company that water was running through the Iroa Creek-Watut water race. A sluicing face is being opened up.

UPPER SEPIK GOLD SYNDICATE N.L.

Business at the first annual meeting of Upper Sepik Gold Syndicate N.L. early in July was monopolised by discussion about the company’s finances. Many sharp exchanges were passed between shareholders and the directors.

Shareholders asked the chairman (Mr. E. F. S.

England) to read a confidential report about the deficiency account shown in the accounts. This report had been sent by the auditor to the directors.

Newspaper representatives were asked to leave the meeting while the report was read. However, after a long discussion it was decided that the contents of the report would not be disclosed to shareholders, and the press representatives were readmitted. The chairman said that the directors had acted upon recommendations made by the auditor in the report.

On the flotation of the company commission was paid to certain directors on the sale of shares.

As authority to draw commission was not given to the directors in the prospectus, shareholders were asked at this meeting to agree to a motion confirming the payment of brokerage to directors at the time of flotation. The motion was rejected.

The auditor (Mr. A. W. H. McEwan) said that the brokerage paid was 10/- for each fully paid 70 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

FIJI Mid-March Mid-July. Mid-August.

Aloha Central ..b£2/10/- — — Emperor Mines .bll/9 b!5/6 b!4/5 Granites Dev. . ..s3Jd bl id bid Koroere b6/~ b4/- Loloma .,b!8/9 b23/7J b23/- Mineral Dev. . ..bl/11 blOd sl/2 Mt. Kasi b9/l b8/3 Mt. Morgan Developments .b8/. b3/b2/2 Pacific Gold . . . , — b£5/10/ - b£4/15/- Tavua Dev. . . . . s£8 s£ 14 bl/6 Vees United .. . .b3/bl/4 — Cuthbert’s Misima G.M.

PAPUA . — bll/8 bl3/- G.M. of Papua .blO/s9/b8/- Oriomo Exp. . . .sl/11 bl/I sl/9 Samarai (pd.) . b9d — b6d Yodda Gold Co. • s2/b3d b3/- Bulolo Deposits

New Guinea

.blOid b9d bl/2 Bulolo G.D Day Dawn . s£8/7/b£7/5/b£7/5/- (South) . s6d - , Developments (N.G.) Enterprise of New Guinea . .b£l1/10/ -b£2/16/b£8/5/- ,s£3/10/b£3/12/6 b£3/7/6 Golden Deeps . . . s6d —. b2d Guinea Gold . . . . sl5/8 sl6/3 sl5/4 Irowat .bS/8i b3/9 b2/8 h Mandated All. . . b9/6 b7/8 bl8/- Mt. Lawson . . . . b£20 s£16 N.G.G. Ltd. . . . .b4/6i b5/4 b6/- Oil Search . . . . .b3/6 s3/95 b3/5 Placer Dev. . .. ,b£5/8/b£5/4/s£5 Sandy Ck Sunsnine Gold . . .bl/U b9id blOd .bl2/9 bll/9 bl4/- Up. Sepik .blO/s£3 blO/- Up. Watut . . . . .b6/l1 b6/4 b6/l

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Prompt Attention! Efficient Service!! Complete Satisfaction!!! £5 share placed. He estimated that the directors concerned had been paid between £2OO and £3OO in brokerage.

The balance-sheet as at March 3, presented at the meeting, showed creditors at £293, cash at £5O, and deposits at £3O. Expenditure for the year aggregated £7294.

Messrs. Spence and Smith, consulting engineers to the syndicate, advised on July 23 that 26 pits had been put down on the Theobald and Hyde options, proving approximately 450,000 cubic yards, containing average values of lOd. a cubic yard. Owing to the low values, they did not advise carrying on testing operations. The directors have decided to abandon the options.

SANDY CK. GOLD SLUICING LTD.

The mine manager of Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing Limited reported early in August that during July 275 ounces of gold were recovered from 11,650 cubic yards of material treated, giving an average value of approximately 3/6i per cubic yard.

Sandy Creek Gold Sluicing Ltd. have published their balance sheet for the year ended April 30, 1936. The Co. spent £7471 on development, £3261 on gold recovery operations, and £525 on administration; and, mostly in the last few months of the year, recovered gold worth £4838. The directors say that in the three months, May-July, gold recovery shows a net profit of about £1825.

The issued capital is £77,500 in 2/6 shares, which the market values at around lid. Preliminary operations on the Poverty Creek property by boxsluicing were commenced in April, with satisfactory results; the manager believes that Poverty Creek is a very valuable area.

UPPER WATUT GOLD ALLUVIALS N.L.

The mine manager of Upper Watut Gold Alluvials N.L., New Guinea, reports by cable that wash excavated from power house foundations, totalling 500 cubic yards, was boxed and gave a yield equal to 3/9 a cubic yard. At this point there was 2ft. of overburden and 12ft. wash.

The mine manager recommends that ground sluicing be commenced below the power house, as this can be done at little expense. He estimates that work can commence shortly, and that up to 30,000 cubic yards can be treated monthly. The manager is being instructed to commence this work.

Tt is understood that this section of work is not part of the company’s main scheme, which is to be sluicing by gravel and nozzle pumps.

IROWAT GOLD ALLUVIALS N.L.

The legal manager of Irowat Gold Alluvials N.L. reports cabled advice from the mine manager that the last 34,000 cubic yards of ground sluiced from the high terrace ground gave a yield of 2030 z. of gold.

The next operations will be carried out on No. 2 area, which testing has proved to contain higher values.

Preparations are also in hand for the commencement of operations on the stream flat area. Recent tests have proved this to contain good values, and the mine manager reports that in the near future gold returns will be much higher. [This second yield of 2030 z. from 34,000 yards represents 2.87 grains a yard, worth about lid.

Irowat’s first yield also from the terrace (which is said to carry poorer values than the lower ground along the creek) gave values in the vicinity of 1/9 a yard, and costs were lid.] PLACER DEVELOPMENT LIMITED.

Placer Development Limited, which has large interests in New Guinea, advises that since the listing the Company on the London Stock Exchange, 85,030 unissued shares have been placed in London through market channels at £4 (sterling) each, less a commission of a share.

This brings the number issued to 700,000. The money obtained by this issue will be used to retire an advance from the Company’s bankers of approximately £85,000 (sterling) to a subscription for the Company's quota of toe recent new issue of shares in Bulolo Gold Dredging Ltd., and for the purpose of general expansion of the Company’s business.

Islands Gold

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AUCKLAND Island Traders General Merchants P.O. Box 1509 :: Cables and Telegrams: "Kingdom," Auckland Branches at Rarotonga and throughout the Cook Islands At Papeete and throughout the Society, Marquesas and Paumotu Islands trading as “ETABLISSEMENTS DONALD, TAHITI"

At Fiji: Trading as ‘‘Dominion Fruit C 0.," Suva B. & S. Estate Agency

Roseville, Sydney

Specialising in Flat reservations, any suburb, for Island Residents visiting Sydney. Correspondence invited. ’Phone J 5269.

Principals: Edwin M. Bastard & Campbell M. Smith Mr. George Farwell, fomerly of Tahiti, but now settled in Australia, has been speaking over the air from Station 2FC, Sydney, on his experiences in the Taumotu Islands and in Eastern Polynesia.

Mr. W. Watson, a mining engineer who was formerly well-known in New Guinea and who has been in America for some time, departed from Sydney for Port Moresby and New Guinea goldfields centres by the Montoro on July 29.

M.V. “Pomare” Gains

NOTORIETY Extraordinary Behaviour of Labour Minister THE Maui Pomare, the little 1,100-tons Government - owned motor - vessel which carries cargoes of bananas and seasick passengers between New Zealand and Western Samoa, has been making history recently.

She was the central figure in an industrial tragi-comedy in Wellington in July; and a couple of weeks later she showed her teeth with such good effect to the “Goodwill Mission” returning from Samoa that the slowly-recovering politicians decided that something must be done about it.

The first incident directly concerned Mr.

Holden, first officer of the Maui Pomare, who is known and highly esteemed in the Central Pacific as a most efficient officer and a straightforward, likeable gentleman.

Mr. Holden had occasion to dismiss two members of the crew of the Maui Pomare.

The dismissed men immediately protested to their union. The union ran howling to Mr. Armstrong (Minister for Labour in the N.Z. Labour Government). Mr. Armstrong ran around howling generally.

The Pomare is Government-owned and is controlled by the Department of External Affairs. The Department was informed by the Government that the two men had to be re-instated. Mr. Holden thereupon announced that he was leaving the ship. The newspapers were taking a great interest in the matter; Mr. Holden is a man of strong personality and good record—if he left the ship under such circumstances the Government would be seriously embarrassed.

Mr. Armstrong ran around again and howled most plaintively. He appealed to Mr. Holden. Mr. Holden was adamant. It seemed as if the ship would not be able to sail. This, from the Government’s angle, was a desperately serious matter.

The ship on that particular voyage had to carry Mr. O. F. Nelson back to Samoa with the Government’s blessings, and bring back from Samoa the “Goodwill mission” (otherwise the “sea-sick mission”).

There were urgent conferences with Mr. Holden. Mr. Holden definitely refused to sail on the ship with the two men whom he had dismissed. A junior clerk somewhere had an inspiration. Was Mr.

Holden by any chance due for leave? It was found that Mr. Holden might possibly be due for leave. Finally, after much perturbation and newspaper excitement it was arranged that Mr. Holden should take short leave during the Pomare’s next round trip. And that was that.

The Pomare sailed with the two dismissed sailors: Mr. Holden unexpectedly enjoyed a short holiday; the Government crawled out of an embarrassing situation; and the “sea-sick mission” was supplied with transportation on the due date.

Having landed Mr. Nelson at Apia, the Pomare embarked the “Goodwill mission,” and ran across to Niue. After that, right down to Lyttelton, she encountered a series of storms which imposed misery upon all the passengers politicians, pressmen and plain people alike. Mrs.

O Brien, wife of one of the missioners, was tossed out of a chair by the violent lurching of the ship, and her arm was severely injured. After eight sea-sick days, the politicians were ready for revenge.

The Minister told the newspapers that the vessel had many unsuitable features for the service, but he thought she could be rearranged and improved—especially in the direction of providing better accommodation for the crew.

Mr, O’Brien was more definite. He said a bigger, faster and better-equipped vessel was needed to replace the Pomare.

The vessel is to be surveyed at an early date, with a view to “ascertaining her suitability to continue in the Islands service.”

Editorial Note In view of the two incidents described, it is t° a §k why the New Zealand Government should be engaged in this ship-owning business at all.

The history of it does not appear ever to have been disclosed; but it is plain that the Pomare was introduced into this service in defiance of the Union Steam Ship Company. The latter, for decades, controlled and developed the Central and Eastern Pacific transport business and gave to Samoa twenty years ago a really first-class service. Yet one finds to-day that Samoa, for several years, has been virtually isolated, and dependent for direct communication solely upon this one little State-owned motor-vessel, the Maui Pomare. Until the Matua arrived, this month, Samoa had had no Union Co. service, except an irregular freighter.

The time surely has come when the Government and the Company should get together, and between them provide Samoa with a shipping service or services which will allow the residents to travel in reasonable comfort, and encourage the development of the territory.

However, the abandonment of a Socialist enterprise like the Pomare is about the last thing one may expect from the present N.Z Government.

The Pomare, presumably, will carry on. 72 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

1934. 1935. 1936. £ £ £ Cross profit 9,810 11,913 18,490 Net profit 1,636 3,451 7,423 Pref. div 7 7 7 Amount 1,400 1,400 1,400 Ord. div 3 5 Amount — 1,483 2,472 LIABILITIES— Capital— Pref 20,000 20,000 20,000 Ord 49.440 49,440 49.440 Reserves 10,525 10,525 10,525 Profit and loss 2,434 4,485 6,554 Mortgage 2,200 2,200 Deposits 4,499 6,380 • 17,031 Creditors 3,026 6,139 ASSETS— Property 30,415 30,928 45,636 Plant 1,553 1,592 Stock 15,010 15,296 ___ Debtors 29,984 34,912 51,166 Cash 2,069 1,096 Bank 414 2,305 6,748 Shares 12.679 12,040 Latest Improved Marine Engine

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Unique Products Of

SAMOA Beauty of Polished Wood AN industry, known as Island Woodcraft Syndicate, which seems to have attractive possibilities, has been established in Apia, Western Samoa, by Mr.

C. E. Hall, and a group of Apia business men.

Mr. Hall has an expert knowledge of Samoan woods. He can, for instance, go out into the swamp country, collect certain varieties of mangrove, season them and “pickle” them in various ways; and from the woods thus prepared he and his locally-trained cabinet-makers produce a variety of articles of extraordinary beauty.

These Samoan woods have a remarkable grain; and, when polished, they are quite unique. Mr. Hall produces a wide range of articles, from vases to salad-forks, from tea-trays to cigar-boxes; and visitors to Samoa take only one look, and then dig deep into the family purse.

Samoa’s tourist traffic, as the result of lack of communication, a fantastic liquor system, and “old granny” government, is practically non-existent. The new service by the Matua, however, should give the Syndicate a chance to send its products regularly to Suva, which is right in the stream of trans-Pacific traffic. The articles have so much beauty, distinction and artistic merit that they have only to be shown to be bought.

Mr. C. D. Broome, Medical Officer in the N.G. Administration, arrived in Australia on furlough by the Neptuna early in August.

Papuans Attack Plantation Assistant From Our Own Correspondent PORT MORESBY, August 2.

A SERIOUS and premeditated attack upon a plantation assistant, Mr. L.

Cay, was made by 10 Papuans employed on Itikinumu Plantation, Sogeri district, on July 21. The natives set upon Mr. Cay with heavy sticks used for carrying rubber buckets.

Previous to the attack the natives (Northern-Eastern men) cut the telephone wires connecting the assistant’s house with the plantation’s main buildings. Had not Mr. Cay taken safety between two tanks, where he succeeded in evading some of the blows until help was secured, he might have been killed. As it was his injuries were severe.

The 10 attackers have been remanded for sentence, and will appear before the Central Court on August 5.

N.G. Specimens for Museum A SECOND shipment of 215 ethnological specimens has been received from N.

Guinea by the Australian Museum, Sydney, making more than 400 in all consigned from the Sepik and Ramu Rivers by Mr. E. J. Wauchope, who is collecting for the trustees. Native art is deteriorating rapidly, many skilled carvers discarding their primitive tools for pick and shovel work in the gold mines.

Mr. G. Broadbent, of the Rabaul shipping department of Messrs. Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., arrived in Sydney in August.

Annual Report Of Brown

And Joske, Fiji

Al PROFIT of £7,423 was earned by Brown and Joske, Ltd., Fiji, for the year ended March 31, 1936. Dividend of 7 per cent, on preference shares absorbs £1,400, and 5 per cent, on ordinaries takes £2,472, the previous year’s ordinary dividend being 3 per cent.

After meeting these appropriations and bringing £4,486 into the account £5,854 is available, and will be used as special provision for contingencies against the value of the coconut areas.

The directors feel that the price of copra is unlikely to fall much below present levels, but that internal provision is necessary for any adjustment which may be necessary if prices remain at the present level. Comparisons: 73 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Year ended Tune 30. 1984. 1935. 1936. £ £ £ Net profit 36,392 48,684 68,079 Div., 8 p.c 24,133 30.400 47,363 Bonus, 2 p.c — 9,200 To investments reserve — 10,000 _ To branch reserves. for doubtful debts. 5,000 To replacements and renewals 8,075 15,468 To superannuation account — — 2,500 To contingency account — — 4,000 Forward 11,998 6,082 4,830 LIABILITIES— Capital 339,788 468,326 641,031 Reserve 200,000 200,000 200,000 Replacement reserve. 20,000 * • Creditors 17,596 **78.187**108,412 Bank 475 — — ASSETS— Investments 140,617 217,885 348,126 Various property . . . 28,155 $277,475 $367,616 Branch balances . . . 418,867 — — Debtors 21,284 225,038 185,425 Stock 15 72,423 69,478 Ventures in abeyance 554 —.

Unexpired charges . . — 773 33,808 * Not shown separately. ** Including bank. $Land and buildings. ships, aeroplanes, plant, etc.

May.

June.

July.

Cubic yards 1,051,500 1,002,000 986,700 Bullion, oz. 15,815 15,682 19,812 Gold, fine, oz.. . 11,196 11,065 13,904 VALUE— Aust. currency* £97,965 £96,818 £121,660 Per cubic yard /22.36 /23.19 /29.59 Working profit £66,7971 £65,380 £84,621 * At A £8/15/ per fine ounce.

Steamships Trading Company Limited

Port Moresby Papua Samarai

Chairman and Managing Director: A. S. FITCH.

Shipowners, Wholesale and Retail Merchants and Traders; Shipping, Customs and Insurance Agents; Copra and Rubber Plantation Owners. p ontractors to Commonwealth and Papuan Governments.

AGENCIES:—At Port Moresby: Coral Sea Insurance Co.; Phoenix Insurance Co.; Delta Sawmills, Ltd.; Acme Bakery Co.; Vacuum Oil Co, Pty., Ltd, At Samarai: Coral Sea Insurance Co.; Delta Sawmills, Ltd.; Bankers and Traders’

Insurance Co.; National Mutual Life Insurance Co.; Kularo Shipyards: Mamai Plantations.

BRANCHES. —In Papua: Hanuabada, Sivitoi, Aroma, Koki, Hula, Ela Beach, _ w _ Duga Duga, Yule Island.

SYDNEY: NELSON & ROBERTSON, LTD., 12 Spring Street; Melbourne, 396 Flinders Lane; London, E. Whiteaway & Co., 7 Chiswell Street, Finsbury, _ .. London.

Cable Address: “STEAMSHIPS.” Code: Bentley’s.

Allen Taylor & Co. Ltd.

SYDNEY Sawmillers and Wholesale Suppliers of Hardwoods for Constructional Purposes GIRDERS PILES . . . POLES . . . SLEEPERS, ETC.

EXPORTING TO PACIFIC ISLANDS SINCE 1893 Cables: Tuxedo, Sydney USOLINE Never Known to Fail!

Cockroach Destroyer It Attracts—They Eat It—They Die AUSOLINE CO. Established 1919. 314 CROWN STREET, SYDNEY PRICES: lib. 5/-, 3lbs. 10/- Postage extra.

Remit Cash with Order.

Obtainable also at Islands Stores of Burns, Philp and Co. Ltd., W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd.

IT’S A PASTE!

“Develop Them —or Lose Them”

Australian Ministers Opinion of Pacific Lands THE vast potentialities of Papua and A the Mandated Territory of New Guinea, and the responsibility of the Commonwealth for their development, were emphasised by the Minister for Customs (Mr. White) in a public address in Sydney on August 10.

“There are immense pastoral and agricultural areas, goldfields, and limitless timber. Our responsibilities do not end with the development of the six States of the Commonwealth. If we do not develop these territories fully we may lose them. They will be taken from our weak fingers by energetic hands.’’

Mr. White spoke of the possibility of further important gold discoveries, and of the important part that gold would play in the development of the territories.

Pastoral opportunity appeared to be offered in the Ramu valley and other parts of the territory. He suggested also that fauna should be exchanged between New Guinea and the mainland.

The control exercised in New Guinea meant the protection of the natives from exploitation, said the Minister, who praised the work of the young Australians who were in the Government service there. He praised, too, the men who had developed the goldfields of New Guinea, and who had pioneered the wonderful aviation industry there.

Judge F. B. Phillips, of the New Guinea Supreme Court, who had been in Australia on leave, departed for Rabaul by the Neptuna on August 15.

Father E. Tremblay, of Haapai, Tonga, arrived in Sydney in July to receive medical attention. He expects to return to Haapai, via New Zealand, in September.

W.R. Carpenter & Co.

Net Profit Again Higher W R. CARPENTER & CO. LTD., an island produce merchant company, reports a net profit of £68,079 for the year ended June 30, compared with £48,684 the previous year and £36,392 for 1933-34. The dividend is maintained at 8 per cent, on the increased capital, the distribution requiring £47,363. A sum of £15,468 is transferred to replacements and renewals account, £4,000 to contingency account, and £2,500 to superannuation account, leaving £4,830 to be carried forward, against £6,082 brought forward.

During the year the company bought the ordinary shares of Brown and Joske Ltd., of Suva, and registered the Southern Pacific Insurance Company Ltd., of which it holds all the shares. Of the Company’s capital, £500,000 is invested in Commonwealth bonds, subsidiaries and associated companies. The directors state that the full benefit of the new capital will not be reflected in the accounts until the next balance-sheet is issued. They add that shareholders must view the company as a parent company, and that before bringing figures into the accounts, reserves and contingencies are provided for in branches, subsidiaries, and associated companies. Of the company’s capital approximately £500,000 is invested in Commonwealth Bonds, subsidiaries, and associated companies.

The directors are Sir Walter Carpenter, Sir Henry Braddon, Messrs. W. S. Bennett, D, .1. Brownhill, R. B, Carpenter and C. H. Carpenter. Mr. J, A. Carpenter retired during the year, owing to indifferent health.

Bulolo Dredge Production PRODUCTION for the four dredges of the Bulolo Gold Dredging, Ltd., for July compares with that of the previous two periods as follows: 74 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

If you have bad luck to U* Lottery, games gambling, love, busi ness, you should carry a pair ot | Mystic Brahma Highly ■ Dynamic Loadstones. These loadstones are, carried by occult Oriental people as a powerful I charm- one to prevent bad luck. evil, and misfor . tune, and the other, to attract much good luck i love, happiness, and prosperity Posted by return mall, price 4/6 the pair. Posted 2d. eitra Money refunded is T days If not satisfied.

Royalty Traders, Room 40PD, 3 Castlereagh St., Sydney

In The Heart

OF SYDNEY - PRIVATE HOTEL ANNOUNCEMENT. . .

ISLANDS’ PATRONS of “CROWLE HOUSE” are informed that this well-known SYDNEY PRIVATE HOTEL is under NEW AND EXPERT MANAGE- MENT. and has been LAVISHLY RE-FURNISHED THROUGHOUT. Every convenience is available, including Hot and Cold Water in all Bedrooms, Electric Elevator, Laundries, Electric Irons, Pressing Rooms, etc. (Free Service), Visitors holidaying in Sydney will find Comfort and Contentment at this conveniently situated Hotel. Excellent Cuisine.

TARIFF: Single Room. Bed & B’fast., 7/6 per day. 45/- per week.

Double Room. Bed & B’fast., 14/- per day. 84/- per week. Casual Meals 2/- each. 161 CASTLEREAGH ST.

J. C. HUGHES Proprietor Radios and Telegrams: “GROWL- HOUSE,"

SYDNEY. rf\M % h) f A WE be watchful and beware Of women with a prim, pugnacious air; He who expects too much will marriage rue— Marry a fool and find the brains for two.

One captain to one ship gives one command, And keeps the crew that mans it well in hand— bor coughs and colds to instant ease assure Give “all hands” Woods’ Great Peppermint Cure Woods’ Great Peppermint Cure, For Coughs and colds, never fails.

New Guinea Public

SERVICE ON August 4, the Government Secretary announced the following staff movements in the N.G. Public Service:—

Permanent Staff

Transfers: A. K. Whiteman, Clerk, Customs Dept., to Central Administration; H. E. Woodman, A.D.0., Rabaul to Sepik District; J. R. Rigby, P. 0., Talasea to Kokopo; M. J. P. Pitt, P. 0., Salamaua to Talasea; C. D. Bates, P. 0., Morobe District to Rabaul; C. J. Millar, Cadet, Rabaul to Kieta; R. G. Ormsby, Cadet, Salamaua to Rabaul; C. M. Deland, Medical Officer, Rabaul to Wewak; C. H. E. Cox, Medical Assistant, Gasmata to Rabaul; B. T. Webb, Surveyor, Rabaul to Talasea; E. R. Hale, Chainman, Rabaul to Talasea; A. L.

Noble, plumber, Sepik District to Rabaul; S.

Reilly, Warrant Officer (Police Force), Rabaul to Wau.

Temporary Employees

Appointments: R, G. Cox, Schooner Engineer; T. W. Ellis, Junr., Junior Technical Assistant, Public Health Dept.; Mrs. A. Frost, Cook-Housekeeper, Wau European Hospital; Miss W. Morrow, Nurse (Kieta); Miss M. Thomas, Typiste, Health Dept.; W. A. B. Foreman. Schooner Engineer; D, H. Ferries, Chainman (Wau); Miss J. Hobbler, Typiste (Wau), Lands Dept.; Mrs. N. M.

Turner, Typiste (Rabaul), Lands Dept.; G. E.

Bliss, Assistant, Rabaul Botanic Gardens; B.

George, Inspector (Rabaul), Agriculture Dept.; J. H. Lang, Carpenter (Salamaua); L. V. Hayles, Carpenter (Wau); F. R. Shaw, Roadmaster (Wau); J. R. Thomas, Roadmaster (Wau).

Transfers: Mrs. T. Broadbent, Typiste, Lands Dept, to Crown Law Office; L. C. Saunders, Clerk, Agriculture Dept, to Treasury Dept.; Mrs. W. H.

Jenner, Typiste, Agriculture Dept, to District Services Dept.; E. R. Hale, Chainman, Kavieng to Rabaul.

Shipping Mishaps In Eastern Papua From Our Own Correspondent PT. MORESBY. Aug. 4. /~kN July 12, heavy weather from the ” north caused havoc among the small fleet anchored off the Samara! wharf.

Capt. Markham’s ketch, the Dove, was driven on to the nearby reef and much damage was done to the hull.

On January 30 the ketch Plover, owned by Mr. L. Henderson, was lost off the north-east coast; and, in June, the Lytton. owned by J. R. Clay & Co., a ketch, was capsized by a waterspout.

Sudden squalls, storms and mild hurricanes are not unusual in the east end of the territory, but this year their intensity has been violent, although none can be compared to the hurricane of December, 1898, when 27 vessels were lost.

Messrs. C. Greathead, T. Hough, J. Milligan, J. Hyde, and J. Strudwick, cadets in the New Guinea Administration, completed a two-years’ course in anthropology at the University of Sydney in August.

They will shortly return to the Territory for active field work.

Miss Joan Waterhouse, elder daughter of Mr. L. V. Waterhouse, technical director of Bulolo Gold Dredging Limited, was formally presented to the King at the Garden Party at Buckingham Palace on July 22. Another presentation made on the same occasion was that of Mrs. Ryan, daughter of the Hon. Alport Barker, of Suva.

Mr. K. Binns, of the Commonwealth National Library at Canberra, N.S.W., returned to Sydney on August 13 by’ the Macdhui after a visit to Papua and New Guinea. He made investigations in both territories for the purpose of introducing a system, in connection with the Carnegie Library Fund, whereby New Guinea and Papua would each receive some 400 books annually for library use.

Death Of King Cakobau’S

GRANDSON From Our Own Correspondent SUVA, Aug. 2.

'T'HE death took place at Bau on July 26 A of High Chief Ratu Tui Savura, who was a grandson of the late King Cakobau and cousin of Ratu Pope Cakobau, so well known as the genial host of Bau.

Ratu Savura was 65 years of age.

He was for a time in the service of the Government and was also a native medical practitioner. A tabua (whale’s tooth) was sent to Bau by the Native Affairs Department as a token of high respect and mourning with the people of Bau.

Dr, C. C. Simson, of Sydney, returned to Australia from Papua by the Macdhui on August 13, after visiting his coconut plantations in the Hisiu district, west of Port Moresby. In Papua he was the guest of Mr. and Mrs, T. Sefton, of Koitaki Rubber Estates Ltd.

Mr, S. A. Greenland, Chief Inspector of Native Affairs in Papua, arrived in Sydney on August 11 by the Van Rees. With his wife, he has been on an extensive holiday voyage from Port Moresby to Saigon and thence to Australia.

Mr. W. R. Humphries, of the Papuan Public Service, has been appointed Resident Magistrate of the Central Division.

Mr. J. A. Davies, of Edie Creek, died in Salamaua Hospital, New Guinea, at the end of July. Joining the Administration as a clerk in 1930, he was appointed a medical assistant the following year. Mr.

Davies resigned from the Public Service in October, 1934, to take up gold mining.

He was a brother of Mr. D. S. Davies, the well-known chemist of Rabaul. 75 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £110 15 0 £112 0 6 On demand £110 12 6 fill 17 C Australia on Papeete Francs to £ Australian Average for week ended 27/7/36 . 69.36 Average for week ended 3/8/36 . . 59.41 Average for week ended 10/8/36 . . 59.60 Average for week ended 17/8/36 . 59.68 Australia on Noumea Francs to £ Australian Average for week ended 27/7/36 . . 59.46 Average for week ended 3/8/36 . . 59.51 Average for week ended 10/8/36 . 59.70 Average for week ended 17/8/36 . . 59.78 Buying. Selling.

Telegraphic transfer £125 0 C On Demand .. .. £123 0 0 124 17 « 30 days .... 122 15 0 124 16 « 60 days . . . . 122 10 0 124 12 1 90 days .... 122 6 0 124 10 • 120 days . . 122 0 0 124 7 * Use - - Modern Direct Wireless Services for Your Communications

With Australia And Overseas

DIRECT WIRELESS SERVICES are available for inter-communication between the Islands of the Pacific and for traffic between the Islands and Australia and overseas countries.

Services are now in operation between Papua and Sydney, New Guinea and Sydney, New Caledonia and Sydney, and Fiji and Sydney. Speedy, economical and efficient service to Australia and overseas.

Route your traffic “Via the Wireless Service.”

For overseas traffic to Great Britain, North and South America, and all European countries, route your message via the Direct Australian

Beam Wireless Service

Lodge Your Messages At Any

Wireless Station Or Island Post

Office Routed “Via Wireless”

Amalgamated Wireless

(A’Sia) Limited

Islands Produce Coffee The following quotations were obtained on August 17:—• Robusta, f.a.q., imported from Java on firm conversion of exchange, c.i.f., prompt shipment, Sydney: Quote No. 1, 18/3 per cwt.; quote No. 2, 18/10 (based on 12 guilders).

Kenya, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. Season closed; last quotations were:— No. 1 quotations: Grade “A,” 48/-; Grade “B,” 45/-; grade “C,” 43/-. No. 2 quotations: Grade “A.” 51/6; grade “B,” 49/-; grade “C,” 44/-; Triage, 39/-. No. 3 quotations: Grade “B,” 47/-; grade “C,” 41/-; Triage: Season closed.

Mysore, f.a.q., prompt shipment, c.i.f., Sydney, per cwt. Season closed; last quotes were:—No. 1 quotation, grade “A,” 55/-; grade “B,” 50/-. No. 2 quotation: Grade Triage, 41/6, Arabian (Aden), Hodeidah, f.a.q., immediate shipment, c.i.f., Sydney. Quote (a) No. 1, pure, 58/- per cwt. Quote (b) : 51/- per cwt.

Note: Importers of coffee from Java, etc., pay the fo'owing additional charges; Exchange (25i per cent, in the case of Java), duty (4d. lb.), primage (10 per cent.), landing costs (1/- per cwt.). Coffee from Papua and New Guinea escapei most of these charges.

Kapok Based on firm conversion of exchange, the c.i.f. prices for kapok quoted in Sydney in mid-August were:—Average Java 6 13/32d. per lb. and Japara, 6 19/32d. per lb.

Cocoa Quote No. 1: Cocoa beans, £35 per ton.

Quote No. 2: Accra, good fermented, £29/15/per ton, c.i.f., Sydney.

Ivory Nuts No. 1 quotation: £B/15/- per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

No. 2 quotation: £B/10/- per ton, f.0.b., Sydney.

Green Snail Shell Good quality green snail shell was quoted by Sydney buyers in mid-August at £5O per ton.

Sales, however, have been made in Sydney recently at £6O per ton.

Trochus Shell Quotations for trochus shell obtained m Sydney from two different sources were: (a) Trochus shell. No. 1 grade £lO5 Trochus shell. No. 2 grade £99 Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £B7 (b) Trochus shell. No. 1 grade £lO3 Trochus shell. No. 2 grade £lOl Trochus shell. No. 3 grade £B9 All quotes are f.o.b. and on the Australian £.

Cotton London c.i.f. prices for cotton during the month were: July 24, 6.86 d. lb., August shipment; July 31, 6.63 d. lb.. Sept, shipment; August 7, 6.51 d. lb.. Sept, shipment; August 14, 6.44 d. lb..

Sept, shipment.

Rice Rangoon rice, packed in 1001 b. cr 2001 b. bag*. £l2/10/- per ton f.o.b. Sydney.

Australian table rice, packed in 561 b. bags. £l6/10/- per ton.

Exchange Rates The following exchange quotations, gathered in.

Sydney, show the rates existing in Sydney on August 18: FIJI—THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

And Bank Of New Zealand

Australia on Fiji on basis of £lOO Fiji: Buy uj £ All 1/2/6, selling £AII3.

Fiji-London on basis £lOO London:

Direct Telegraphic Transfer

Selling Rates

Quoted by

Bank Of New South Wales

in Australia

Western Samoa—Through

BANK OF N.Z.

Exchange, Australia on Western Samoa, ba*i* £lOO Samoa —buying £AIOO, selling £AIOO/10 .

Exchange, Samoa on London, basis £lOO is London: —

New Caledonia—Through

French Bank

Drafts, Sydney-Noumea and Noumea-Sydney, are on the basis of current rate of exchange on Paris, less 1 per cent, pither way. As quoted by the Comptoir National, in Sydney, and the Bank of Indo-Chine, Noumea: On August 17, when the Australian £ was nominally worth 62,50 francs. £lOO Australian would purchase a credit in Noumea of 6,250 francs.

NEW GUINEA AND PAPUA-

Through Commonwealth

BANK From Australia, Pt. Moresby, £1 per cent.; ca Rabaul 10/- per cent. —other N. Guinea district* £1 per cent.

From Rabaul on London, same as Australia <•> London:— Buying: T.T. £AI2S equals £stg. 100.

Selling: T.T. £AI2S/10/- equals £stg. 100.

THROUGH BANK OF N.S.W.

Australia, on Papua, £1 per cent, premium each way, equivalent to commission of £1 per cent.; Australia, on Rabaul, 10/- per cent, premium.

Papua and New Guinea on London: Same a* Australia on London, and vice versa. 76 Monthly, August 19, 1936 Pacific Island

May 1 .. £11 10 0 £11 IS 0 £12 10 0 May 8 .. £11 7 6 £11 15 0 £12 7 6 May 15 .. £11 15 0 £12 2 6 £12 15 0 May 22 .. £11 15 0 £12 IS 0 £13 0 0 May 29: Market closed during Whitsun holidays.

June 5 .. £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £12 17 6 June 12 .. £11 10 0 £12 0 0 £13 0 0 June 19 .. £11 15 0 £12 5 0 £13 5 0 June 26 .. £12 2 6 £12 10 0 £13 12 6 July 3 .. £12 0 0 £12 10 0 £13 10 0 July 10 .. £12 10 0 £12 15 0 £13 15 0 July 17 £12 12 6 £13 2 6 £14 2 6 July 24 .. £12 15 0 £13 5 0 £14 5 0 July 31 .. £12 10 0 £13 0 0 £13 17 6 Aug. 7 .. £12 17 6 £13 7 6 £14 7 6 Aug. 14 .. £13 0 0 £13 10 0 £14 10 0 September 7 .. .. .. .. 5*d. 7fid.

October 5 .. .. 5yd. 6Jid.

November 16 .. .. .. 5^d. (>y 4 d.

December 28 .. .. .. .. 5d. ey 4 d.

January 4, 1935 .. .. 5d.

February 1 .. .. 4^d. eyd.

March i .. .. 4^d. 6.VAd.

April 5 .. .. 4^d. 5.4^d.

May 3 5 9/16d.

Tune 7 .. .. 5d. 6d.

July 5 S^d.

August 2 sy 4 d.

September 6 .. .. .. .. 4«d. syd.

October 4 5.8}*d.

November 1 .. .. S7^d. 6Hd.

December 6 .. .. 6Xd. 6fid.

January 3, 1936 .. .. ey 4 d. 6yd.

February 7 .. .. 7Hd. 7 3/16d.

February 21 .. .. ■ • .. syd. 7#d.

February 28 .. .. .. .. 8yd. 7}id.

March 6 .. .. 8%d. 7yd.

March 13 .. .. 8yd. 7 13/32d.

March 20 .. .. 8Hd. 7'/A.

March 27 .. .. 8Hd.

' 7'Ad.

April 3 7yd.

April 9 7 9/16d.

April 17 75^d.

April 24 .. .. 9d. 7 9/16d.

May 1 .. .. 9d. 7 15/32d.

May 8 .. .. 9d. 7yd.

May 15 7 7/16d.

May 22 .. .. 9d. 7m. 7 5/16d.

May 29 June 5 .. .. 9d. 7yd.

June 12 .. .. 9Jd. 6.32d.

June 19 .. .. 9'Ad. 73d.

June 26 .. .. 9^d. 7.53Jd.

July 3 .. .. 9«4d. 7Hd.

July 10 .. .. 9^d. 7VA.

July 17 . .. 9*4d. 7 ll-16d.

July 24 . .. 9 y 4 d. 7^d. 7 ll/16d.

July 31 . .. 10J4d.

August 7 . .. 10/ 2 d. .. 7m.

August 14 .. .. 10^d. .. 7m.

London Price on — January 16, 1931 Copra South Sea, Sun-Dried to London Per ton, c.i.f. .. .. £14 7 6 Plantation, Hot-air Dried, Rabaul Per ton, c.i.f. £14 12 6 February 27 .. .. £14 12 6 £14 17 6 March 27 .. .. £14 10 0 £14 12 6 April 24 .. .. £13 15 0 £13 17 6 May 29 .. .. .. £10 17 6 £11 0 0 June 26 .. .. .. £11 15 0 £11 17 6 July 31 .. .. .. £11 5 0 £11 7 6 August 28 .. £11 2 6 £11 5 0 September 25 .. £12 15 0 £12 15 0 October 30 .. .. £13 10 0 £13 15 0 November 27 .. £13 10 0 £13 IS 0 December 18 .. £14 5 0 £14 10 0 January 1, 1932 .. £14 10 0 £14 IS 0 February 12 .. .. £16 7 6 £16 10 0 March 25 .. .. £14 17 6 £15 0 0 April 29 .. ..

May 20 .. .. .. £14 15 0 £14 17 6 .. £13 17 6 £14 0 0 June 17 . . .. .. £13 2 6 £13 5 0 July 1 .. .. .. £13 5 0 £13 7 6 August 12 .. £13 17 6 £14 0 0 September 2 .. 6 £14 0 0 October 7 .. £14 5 0 £14 7 6 November 11 .. £14 7 6 £14 10 0 December 16 .. £14 2 6 £14 5 0 January 6. 1933 . . . £13 10 0 £13 12 6 February 3 .. .. £12 5 0 £12 7 6 March 3.. .. .. £11 7 6 £11 10 0 April 28 .. .. 0 £10 12 6 May 26 .. £11 2 6 £11 5 0 June 30 .. .. 6 £11 0 0 July 21 6 £11 5 0 August 4 .. 0 £10 12 6 September 29. . £9 7 6 £9 10 6 October 20 0 £9 0 0 November 3 .. £9 10 0 £9 IS 0 December 1 .. £8 12 6 £9 0 0 January 5, 1934 0 £8 7 6 February 16 .. 6 £8 10 0 March 30 6 £8 0 0 April 27 .. .. 6 £8 0 0 May 18 .. .. 0 £8 12 6 June 15 .. .. 0 £8 12 6 July 6 .. .. 6 £8 IS 0 August 3 0 £8 17 6 September 7 .. 6 £8 15 0 October S £8 0 0 £9 0 0 November 2 .. 0 £8 IS 0 December 28.. 0 £9 12 6 January 4, 1935 £9 5 0 £10 5 0 February 1 .. 6 £12 2 6 March 1 .. £12 2 6 £12 IS 0 April 5 .. .. 0 £11 15 0 May 3 .. .. 6 £12 12 6 June 7 .. 0 £12 7 6 July 5 .. .. 0 £10 S 0 August 2 0 £10 15 0 September 6 6 £10 17 6 October 4 6 £12 7 6 November 1.. , 6 £14 0 0 November 22.. 6 £14 S 0 December 6 ., 6 £14 0 0 December 13 0 £14 7 6 December 20 .. £13 7 6 £14 10 0 December 27 0 £14 12 6 South Sea.

South Sea.

Plantation.

Smoked, to Genoa. Sun-Dried !

Hot-air Dried.

London and Marseilles to London.

Rabaul.

Price on— Per ton, c.i.f.

Per ton, c. i.f.

Per ton, c.i.f.

Jan 3, 1936 £13 2 6 £13 15 0 £15 0 0 Jan. 10 .. £13 0 0 £13 IS 0 £15 2 6 Jan. 17 .. £13 5 0 £14 5 0 £15 7 6 Jan. 24 .. £13 12 6 £14 12 6 £15 15 0 Jan. 31 .. £13 IS 0 £14 15 0 £15 IS 0 Feb. 7 .. £13 0 0 £14 0 0 £15 0 0 Feb. 14 .. £13 0 0 £13 15 0 £14 15 0 Feb. 21 .. £13 5 0 £14 0 0 £14 17 6 Feb. 28 .. £12 15 0 £13 12 6 £14 5 0 Mar. 6 .. £11 IS 0 £12 15 0 £13 0 0 Mar. 13 .. £12 12 6 £13 0 0 £13 IS 0 Mar. 20 .. £12 2 6 £13 0 0 £13 12 6 Mar. 27 .. £12 5 0 £13 5 0 £13 17 6 Apr. 3 .. £12 7 6 £13 5 0 £13 17 i Apr. 9 .. £12 10 0 £13 5 0 £14 0 0 Apr. 17 .. £12 5 0 £12 17 6 £13 15 o Apr. 24 .. £11 17 6 £12 2 6 £13 0 0 Rubber Plantation London Para Smoked Price on— per lb.

Per lb.

January 6, 1933 4tfd. 2.43d.

February 10 4'Ad. 27Ad.

March 10 .. .. 4*d. 2Hd.

April 14 4'Ad. 2.34d.

May 5 4*d. 2.81d.

June 2 S'Ad. 3.56d.

July 7 SHd. 3.71d.

August 4 .. ..

S'Ad. 4d.

September 1 5d. 3.78d.

October 13 .. .. 4'Ad. 4d.

November 10 .. 4tfd. 4.09d.

December 8 4*d. 4.0Hd.

January 5, 1934.. 4Ad. 4.28d.

February 2 4/ a d. 4.84d.

March 6 .. ..

Sd.

S.lSd.

May 4 5f*d. 7d.

June 1 S'Ad. 6Xd.

July 6 S'Ad. 7.064.

August 3 .. ..

S'Ad. 7.18d.

Bank of New South Wales Travellers’ Cheques provide a safe and convenient method of meeting travel expenses. . . . These cheques are issued in amounts of £2, £5 and £lO and bear a specimen of the traveller’s signature for identification purposes. . . They can be cashed at any of the Bank’s 770 branches in Australia, New Zealand, the Pacific Islands and London and its 7,500 agents and correspondents throughout the world. . . . The Bank’s Travellers’ Cheques are also accepted by the principal shipping and railway companies, hotels, stores, tourist offices, etc., throughout the world.

Travellers' Cheques

• Obtainable through any branch of rhe Bank. 221A.10 36 Market Quotations Range of Prices The Pacific Islands Monthly makes a close check of the prices quoted for Islands produce; and it regularly publishes the range, of prices during each month, including the last available quotation before going to press. 77 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

M.V.

Malaita Sydney Brisbane . ..

Townsville .

Tulagi Sept 19 Sept 21 Sept 24 Oct 31 Nov 2 Nov S Dec 12 Dec 14 Dec 17 Makambo' . .

Gavutu ....

Su’u : Sept 28-29 Nov 9-10 Dec 21-22 Domma ....

Mamara Tasavarong .

Aruligo ....

Lavoro ....

Mamara Tasavarong .

Aruligo . . . .

Meringe . . .

Hivo Sept 30 Oct 1 Oct 2 Nov 11 Nov 12 Dec 23 Dec 24 Dec 25 Yandina . . .

Banika ....

Ufa Nov 13 Dec 26-27 Faimai L f 1 Oct 5 Younger . . .

Pepesala . . .

Lingatu West Bay . .

Somata . . . . : Gizo Nov 14 Nov 15 Dec 28 Faisi Oct 6 Nov 16 Dec 29 Kieta Oct 6 Nov 16 Dec 29 Arigua . .. . 1 Numa Numaj Teopasino . ..

Rabaul 1 Oct 7 Oct 8 Oct 9-10 Nov 17 Nov 18 Nov 19-20 Dec 31 Jan 1-2 Jan 3-4 Soraken Oct 11-12 Nov 21-22 Kieta Oct 12 Nov 22 Faisi .......

Oct 13 Oct 14 , Oct 15-16 Oct 17 Oct 22 Oct 24 Nov 23 Jan 5 Gizo 1 Nov 24 Nov 25-26 Nov 27 Dec 2 Dec 4 Tetipari , , . . J Russell Group Gavutu . . . . 1 Makambo . . j Brisbane . . . .

Sydney Jan 6 Jan 7-8 Jan 9 Jan 14 Jan 16 Agents.

BURNS.

PHILP & CO., LTD., Maunganui. Makura. Maunganui.

Papeete Sept 5 Oct 3 Oct 31 Rarotonga ....

Sept 7 Oct 5 Nov 2 Wellington Sept 14-15 Oct 12-13 Nov 9-10 Sydney Sept 19 Oct 17 Nov 14* Sydney, dep. .

Sept. 24 Oct 22 — Wellington ....

Sept 28-29 Oct 26-27 — Rarotonga Oct 3 Oct 31 — Papeete Oct 6 Nov 3 — *After her final run on the Sydney-’Frisco line. the Maunganui will be placed on the Sydney-New Zealand Service for several trips. The Makura’s last trip on the ’Frisco run ends at Sydney on December 12.

UNION S.S. CO., LTD., AgeaU.

S.S. Morinda.

Sydney Sept 5 Sept 17 Oct 17 Lord Howe Sept 7 Sept 19 Oct 19 Norfolk Is. . , Sept 9 Sept 21 Oct 21 Vila — Sept 24-25 Bushman’s Malo 1 Bay Sept 26 Tangoa Segond J — Sept 26 — Aoba — Sept 27 Vila — Sept 28 Norfolk Is. .

Sept 10 Oct 1 Oct 22 Lord Howe Sept 12 Oct 3 Oct 24 Sydney . . .

Sept 14 Oct 5 Oct 26 BURNS , PHILP & CO., LTD., Agents.

Tanda.

Nankin.

Nellore.

Hong Kong . Sept 4 Oct 2 Oct 31 Manila . . .

Oct 5 Nov 3 Rabaul . . . . . Sept IS Oct 13 Nov 11 Brisbane . . . . Sept 21 Oct 19 Nov 17 Sydney . . .

Oct 21 Nov 19 Melbourne . .. S.27-0.3 Oct 26-N.4 Nov 23-D. 2 Hobart . . • . . Oct 5 Nov 6 Dec. 4 Newcastle . ..Oct 8 Nov 9 Dec. 7 Sydney, dep. . Oct 14 Nov 14 Dec 12 Brisbane . . . . Oct 16 Nov 16 Dec 14 Townsville op. Oct 19 Nov 19 Dec 17 Rabaul . . .

Nov 24 Dec 22 Manila Dec 2 Dec 30 Hong Kong . Nov 4 Dec 5 Jan 2 E. & A.

STEAMSHIP CO. LTD., Agents. s.s . Van Rees Saigon 5 Dec 1 Batavia 12 14 Dec 5-7 Samarang 15 Dec 8 Pt. Moresby 24 Dec 17 lb Dec 19 Rabaul 28- » Dec 21-22 Vila 5 Dec 28 Noumea Oct 7-S i Dec 30-J 2 Sydney 14-16 Jan 7-9 Pt. Moresby 23 Jan 16 Batavia 3- 25 Tan 26-28 Saigon 30 Feb 1

Royal Packet

NAVIGATION CO., LTD.

Norddeutscher Lloyd, Bremen

Hongkong, New Guinea, British Solomon Islands Service

Regular Sailings By

S.S. “Friderun” And S.S. “Bremerhaven”

Through Bills of Lading and Passage Tickets issued to all parts of the world For further particulars apply to MELCHERB &, CO., General Agents, P. 0.8., 423, Hongkong, China.

COLYER, WATSON & CO., N.D.L. Agents, New Guinea, Rabaul.

GILCHRIST, WATT & SANDERSON, LTD., N.D.L. Agents, Sydney.

Wolaroi College, n. s .w.

I M A Boys’ School situated on the Central Tablelands within easy reach of Sydney. EX- CELLENT CLIM- ATE. 3000 feet above sea-level.

Preparatory and Secondary School.

P rofessional, Commercial and A g ricultural Courses.

Every facility for Sport in grounds of 50 acres.

LIBERAL DIET: Wolaroi has its own Jersey Herd, Poultry and Vegetable Garden. Fruit from the Canobolas Orchards.

For ILLUSTRATED PROSPECTUS apply to Stanley G. Brown, M.A., B.Sc., Principal.

Shipping Services in the Pacific Sydney—N.Z.—Cook Is.— Tahiti Subject to alteration without notice.

Fiji Inter-Island Services S.S. Malake, 786 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co. Ltd.), under contract with Fiji Government. Regular four weekly itinerary comprises: Two trips Buca Bay, returning by sam« route to Suva—trip occupying 8 days. Two trips each Suva to Lautoka, returning to Suva direct or via Ellington—trip occupying 3 or 4 days.

A.K. Tui Labasa (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.

Ltd.) makes regular trips from Suva to Labasa, via Levuka and Macuata ports, then returns to Suva. Round trip occupies about 9 days.

M.S. Adi Rewa (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) makes trips from Suva to Levuka and Labasa via Macuata ports —trip occupies 8 days. Leaves Suva and proceeds to Levuka, Nabouwalu, Lekutu, Dreketi, Naduri, and Labasa. Returns to Suva by same route. On alternative trips she returns from Labasa via Naduri, Nakoloa, Dreketi, Naiserewaqa, Lekutu, Galoa, Nabouwalu, and Levuka. Latter trip occupies about 10 days.

M.S. Tui Kauvaro (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva to Levuka, calling at Lautoka and Ellington. Voyage take* 4 days.

M.V. Tui Cakau (Morris, Hedstrom Ltd.) operates from Suva and makes regular inter-island trips throughout the Colony.

Sydney—Norfolk Island—New Hebrides Subject to alteration without notice.

Solomon Islands—N.G. Service Subject to Alteration Without Notica Sydney—Rabaul—Hong Kong Subject to alteration without notice.

Saigon—Java—Noumea Line Subject to Alteration Without Notice New Hebrides Inter-Island S.S. Mirani (Burns Philp (South Sea) Co.

Ltd.), which has replaced the S.S. Makambo, connects every six weeks at Vila with S.S.

Morinda from Sydney, then proceeds on souther* trip, calling at the islands of Efate, Erromanga, Tanna, Aneityum, and returns to Vila —trip occupying 7 or 8 days. After 2 or 3 days at Vila, departs on northern trip, calling at the islands of Efate, Mai, Tongoa, Epi, Paama, Ambryn, Malekula, Aoba, Malo, Santo and returns to Vila, trip occupying 25 to 28 days. Vessel extend* 78 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Sydney Brisbane Maru Maru Kobe A.30-S.2 S.30-O.2 Moji Sept 3-4 Oct 3-4 Rabaul Sept 13-14 Oct 13-14 Noumea Sept 19-20 Oct 19-20 Auckland Sept 23-24 Oct 23-24 Wellington Sept 26-28 Oct 26-27 Lyttelton Sept 29 Oct 28-29 Dunedin S.30-O.1 Oct 30-31 Wellington Oct 2-3 Nov 1-3 Auckland Oct 5-6 Nov 5-6 Cebu Oct 21-22 Nov 21-22 Manila Oct 23-24 Nov 23-24 Hong Kong Oct 26-27 Nov 26-27 Shanghai - Oct 31 Dec 1-2 Kobe Nov 3-6 Dec 5-8

Osaka Shosen

Ka1Sha Line

Niagara.

Aorangi.

Niagara.

Honolulu ....

Aug 19 Sept 16 Oct 14 Suva Aug 28 Sept 25 Oct 23 Auckland A.31-S.1 Sept 28-29 Oct 26-27 Sydney Sept 5 Oct 3 Oct 31 Sydney, dep. .

Sept 10 Oct 8 Nov 5 Auckland Sept 14-15 Oct 12-13 Nov 9-10 Suva Sept 18 Oct 16 Nov 13 Honolulu ....

Sept 25 Oct 23 Nov 23 UNION S.S. CO., LTD., Agents.

Salamaua Rabaul London Aug 29 Nov 1 Port Pirie Oct 19 Dec 22 Sydney Oct 26 Dec 29 Suva Nov 4 Jan 7 Salamaua Nov 12 • Jan 16 Rabaul Nov 16 Jan 20 London Jan 23 Mar 27 W. R CARPENTER & CO.. LTD.

Bremerhaven. Friderun.

Hong Kong Oct 11 Madang Oct 23 Salamaua Oct 25 Rabaul Oct 28 Manus — Nov 1 Tulagi Oct 2 Kieta — Kavieng Madang Nov 11 Rabaul Oct 20 Nov 19 Hong Kong ..., Dec 2 NORDDEUTSCHER LLOYD, Agents.

Montoro.

Macdhui.

Montoro.

Sydney ....

Sept 9 Sept 30 Oct 21 Brisbane . ..

Sept 11 Oct 2 Oct 23 Townsville Sept 14 Oct 26 Cairns Sept 15 Oct 5 Oct 27 Pt. Moresby Sept 17 Oct 7 Oct 29 Yule Is. ... — Oct 8 — Samarai Sept 19 Oct 10 Oct 31 Woodlark Is.

Sept 20 — Rabaul ....

Sept 22-23 Oct 12-13 Nov 2-3 Lindenhafen — Oct 14 — Kavieng Sept 24 Sept 26-28 Nov 4 Salamaua . .

Oct 15-16 Nov 6-7 Lombrum . .

Oct 18 Lorengau . .

Boram Wewak — uct ly Madang ... .

Alexishafen .

Sept 29 Oct 20 Nov 9 Finschafen Sept 25 Oct 21 Nov 8 Salamaua . . .

Oct 21 —.

Kavieng — Oct 23 — Pondo Oct 1 Oct 24 Nov 11 Rabaul Oct 3 Oct 26 Nov 12 Salamaua . ..

Oct 5 Oct 28 Nov 14 Samarai . . . .

Oct 7 Oct 29 Nov 16 Pt. Moresby .

Oct 8 Oct 30 Nov 17 Cairns Oct 10 Nov 19 Brisbane . .. .Oct 13 Nov 3 Nov 22 Sydney Oct IS Nov 5 Nov 24 BURNS, PHILP & : CO.

LTD., Agents.

By vessels running between Marseilles and New Caledonia, via West Indies and Panama Canal.

C. Ramel . Eridan. D’Amiens.

Papeete Aug 17 Sept 26-27 Nov 8-9 Raiatea — Sept 28 Suva Aug 24 Oct 5 Vila Aug 26 Oct 7 Nov 18 Noumea, arr.

Aug 28 Oct 9 Nov 20 Noumea, dep.

Sept 6 Oct 18 Nov 29 Vila Sept 9 Oct 21 Dec 2 Raiatea Sept 16 Oct 28 Dec 9 Papeete Sept 17- 19 Oct 29-31 Dec 10-12 MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO., Agents.

Monterey.

Mariposa.

Monterey.

Honolulu . .

Aug 24 Sept 21 Oct 19 Pago Pago Aug 29 Sept 26 Oct 24 Suva Sept 1 Sept 29 Oct 27 Auckland . .

Sept 4 Oct 2 Oct 30 Sydney, arr Sept 7 Oct 5 Nov 2 Melbourne Sept 11 12 Oct 9-10 Nov 6-7 Sydney, dep Sept 16 Oct 14 Nov 11 Auckland . .

Sept 19 Oct 17 Nov 14 Suva ....

Sept 22 Oct 20 Nov 17 Pago Pago.

Sept 23 Oct 21 Nov 18 Honolulu . .

Sept 28 Oct 26 Nov 23

Oceanic Steamship

CO., MATSON LINE.

Commercial Type

CRAFT by (J~(alvorsen Built to the order of Guinea Airways Ltd. ■: ‘ ft Vi m** - New 45ft. Cargo Carrier for New Guinea.

Capacity 14 tons Derrick Lift 2 tons Speed 10£ m.p.h.

Send details of your requirements. We will be pleased to offer suggestions for your consideration.

Distributing Agent for Morris Marine Engines Lars Halvorsen, Neutral Bay, Sydney to Banks Group every second trip equivalent to about every six weeks.

S.S. Bucephale (Messageries Maritinfea inter island service steamer) makes regular trips to Tanna every two months, connecting at Vila with the JLaperouse. She visits Banks Group every ten weeks.

Japan—N. Guinea—Noumea— New Zealand Subject to alteration without notice Sydney—Papua—New Guinea Subject to Alteration Without Notice French Eastern Pacific Service Sydney—N.Z.—Fiji—Samoa— Hawaii Sydney—N. Z.—Fi j i—Hawaii Subject to alteration without notice.

Europe—Sydney—Suva— New Guinea Subject to Alteration Without Notice New Guinea Inter-Island Service S.S. Maiwara (Burns, Philp & Co.) makes regular round trips from Rabaul to New Ireland and Bougainville ports, M.V. Duranbah, M.V. John Bolton, M.V. Desikoko, S.S. Durour, (W. R. Carpenter and Co. Ltd.) make sailings from Rabaul every two or three weeks to various ports in the Territory.

Hong Kong—New Guinea— Solomon Islands Service Subject to alteration without notice.

Papuan Inter-Island Service S.S. Papuan Chief (Steamships Trading Co., Ltd.) makes regular round trips from Port Moresby to Samarai via Kapa Kapa, Abau, and Baibara, return by same route; then Port Moresby to Daru via Hisiu, Yule Is., Kukipi, Orokolo, Kikori and back via Orokolo, Yule Island, and Hisiu—full trip occupying about one month.

M.V. Nusa (Steamships Trading Co., Ltd.) hold* the Papuan Government’s contract for carrying mails and passengers on the north-east coast of Papua. The Nusa connects with all Southern mail steamers at Samarai.

Nusa.

Samarai Sept 4 Mambare, dep. Sept 9 Puni Puni .... Sept 4 Buna Sept 10 Baniara Sept 5 Tufi Sept 11 Cape Nelson ... Sept 6 Baniara Sept 12 Buna Sept 7 Puni Puni .... Sept 13 Mambare, arr. . Sept 8 Samarai Sept 13 79 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

Sydney ....

M.V. Neptuna Oct 17-21 Salamaua Oct 28 Rabaul Oct 30 Manila Nov 9 Hong Kong Sept 5-8 Nov 11-14 Saigon Nov 20 Manila Nov 24 Sandakan Nov 26 Salamaua Dec 5 Rabaul Dec 7 Sydney Dec 14 Melbourne Oct 12-14 Dec 17-19 BURNS, PHILP A CO. LTD., A*enU.

M.V. Matua Auckland Aug 27 Sept 24 Oct 22 Nukualofa, arr. . Aug 30 Sept 27 Oct 25 Nukualofa, dep. . Aug 31 Sept 28 Oct 26 Apia Sept 1 Sept 29 Oct 27 Suva, arr Sept 4 Oct 2 Oct 30 Suva dep Sept 4 Oct 2 Oct 30 Auckland Sept 9* Oct 7* Nov 4* * Departs the following day for Cook Island ports.

UNION S.S. CO. LTD., Agents.

Maui Pomare Wellington .. Sept 8 Oct 6 Nov 3 Apia Sept 15-17 Oct 13-15 Nov 10-12 Nme Sept 19 Oct 17 Nov 14 Lyttehon Sept 28 Oct 26 Nov 23 Wellington .. Sept 29 Oot 28 Nov 24 Sydney S.S. Laperouse.

Sept 8 Oct 2 Dec 1 Noumea Sept 12-13 Oct 6-7 Dec 5-6 Lifou Sept 14 Dec 7 Port Vila ..

Sept 15 Oct 8 Dec 8 Epi — Dec 9 Luganville .

Sept 16 Oct 9 Dec 10 Le Dart Sept 17 Oct 9 Dec 11 Suranda — Dec 12 Hog. Harbour Sept 18 _ Dec 13 Hong Kong — Oct 24-25 Saigon .... — ■ Haiphong — Oct 27-31* — Luganville . — Nov IS — Le Dart — Nov 16 — Pt. Sandwich — Dec 14 Port Vila .

Sept 19 Nov 17 Dec IS Lifou Sept 20 — Dec 16 Noumea Sept 21-22 Nov 18-20 Dec 17-18 Sydney Sept 26 Nov 24 Dec 22 *The Laperouse will terminate her service at Haiphong on October 27.

She will be replaced by another steamer (probably the Pierre Loti), leaving that port on October 31.

MESSACERIES MARITIMES CO., Ageat*. iSKSsfcv Essential Services REGULAR DAILY SER-

Vices From Seaports

To All Aerodromes

Through Out The

GOLDFIELDS DISTRICTS.

Charters Anywhere Arranged Holden’s Air Transport Services Ltd.

Air Transport, Customs, Shipping and Indent Agents

Salamaua And Wau, New Guinea

Cables: “Holdairco” Salamaua and Sydney SYDNEY OFFICE: 7 WYNYARD STREET. ’Phone; B 4515 Sydney-N.Guinea-Hong Kong Subject to Alteration Without Notice Wau-Port Moresby Service A regular aeroplane service is now maintained by Guinea Airways Ltd., allowing passengers to and from the goldfields to connect with the steamers at Port Moresby. Details from the pursers of the Burns, Philp steamers.

N.G. Goldfields’ Service Aeroplanes conducted by Guinea Airways Ltd., Holden’s Air Transport Services Ltd., W. R. Carpenter & Co. Ltd., and other companies, leave Salamaua and Lae two and three times daily for Wau and other centres on the Morobe goldfields.

The aerial services are the only means of communication.

Central Pacific Services Subject to alteration without notice The M.V. Port Whangarei, which has been running between New Zealand and Tonga, under charter to the Union S.S. Co. Limited, made her last voyage on August 14. Her monthly call at Nukualofa will be henceforth included in the schedule of the new vessel Matua.

The cargo vessel Waiotapu (6035 tons) will leave Sydney for Fiji on August 19. She will call at Suva (Aug. 27), Lautoka (Aug. 28), Suva (Sept. 4), and then go on to Vancouver and American ports. The Limerick will be the next cargo vessel for Fiji, leaving Australia on September 20 (approx.).

The Union Company’s new motor vessel Matua will make her first voyage to the Central Pacific Groups from Auckland on August 27. She will serve Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, and the Cook Islands.

The following timetable shows her first three trips from N.Z. for Nukualofa, Apia, and Suva. In the interval between her return and the following departure for Central Pacific, she will make a quick trip to Rarotonga and the Outer Cook Islands. Her first three Cook Is. runs are scheduled for September 10 (returning to N.Z. on September 23). October 8 (returning on October 21), and November 5 (returning on November 18).

Samoan Inter-Island Service A.S. Makoa, 250 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Cos. Ltd.) operates from Apia and connects regularly with Pago Pago, also Tokelaus, Swain, Nassau, and Phoenix Groups.

Gilbert and Ellice Islands Service M.V. Ralum, 368 tons (Burns Philp (South Sea) Cos. Ltd.), operates from Tarawa (Gilbert Islands), and connects regularly with all Island* in the Gilbert and Ellice Groups.

Ocean Island—Nauru Service British Phosphate Commission, 16 Spring Street, Sydney, sends boats irregularly from Melbourne.

French Oceania Inter-Island S.S. Tooya (597 tons) makes regular tripe from Papeete, through Leeward Group (Raiatea, Huahine, Borabora, etc.) about every four weeks, and also regularly visits Tuamotu and Garabier Archipelagoes.

MESSAGERIES MARITIMES CO., Agents.

N. Caledonian Services S.S. Mawatta and S.S. Neo Hebridais (Socicte Tour de Cotes) make regular five-weekly trips, carrying mails and passengers, from Noumea along the east coast to Arama, trip occupying 9 days. Also from Noumea to He Belep, via the west coast, voyage taking 8 days. Leaving Noumea on the run up the east coast the vessel* xt at Ya * e ’ Touarou * N - Goye, Kuakue, Thio, Nakety, Canalo, Gouaoua, Houailou, Moueo Pouenhouen, Tieti, Poindimie, Wagap, Touho.

Kokmgone, Hieghene, Tao, Outbatch, Pouebo, Balada, Pam, and Arama. Return by same route.

Ports on west coast trip are: Bourail, Poya Mueo, Poumbout, Kone, Voh, Temala, Ouaco Koumac, Karamble, Tangadiou, Paagoumene.

Nehoue, Mouac, Belep, and return by same route.

S.S. Loyaute (Societe des lies Loyalties) maintains a four-weeks’ service between Noumea and Loyalty Is. Trip occupies 6 days and the vessel calls at Tadine (Mare Is.), Chepenehe and W* (Lifou Is.), Fajoue, St. Joseph and Banout (Ouvea I*.). Calls are made occasionally at Isle of P;ne* and Walpo'e Is.

N. Zealand—Samoa—Niue The New Zealand Government’s steamer Maui Pomare (1159 tons) is the only direct connection between the .Dominion and the Mandated Territory of Western Samoa. The vessel, carrying mails, passengers, and cargo, is controlled by the Department of External Affairs at Wellington, where application should be made for freight, berths, etc.

Sydney—New Hebrides— Noumea—lndochine Subject to alteration without notice.

Rev. H. T. Williams, of Übuia, Papua, arrived in Sydney with his wife and two children by the July Montoro to spend furlough in New South Wales.

Mr. R. P. Kay left Sydney for Fiji by the Aorangi on July 15 to join the staff of Tavua Power Pty. Ltd. as electrical engineer.

Miss Mary Edwards, a well-known Sydney artist, returned to Australia by the Mariposa on August 10 after spending five weeks in Fiji making studies of native women.

Rev. A. T. Thompson, Commonwealth secretary of the British and Foreign Bible Society, who arrived in Sydney by the Mariposa on August 10, said he had been in Fiji investigating prospects of establishing a colportage in Fiji. Already the Bible had been translated into Fijian, said Mr. Thompson. It was now proposed to distribute Bibles to the large Indian population, which would necessitate its translation into 10 different languages. 80 Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936 Published by Pacific Publications Ltd., Union House, 247 George Street, Sydney (Telephone BW 5037). Wholly set up and printed in Australia by The Land Newspaper Ltd., 59 Regent St., Sydney. (7412)

The World’S Largest

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G UINEA AIRWAYS LTD. was established in 1927; and it has grown in the following way, until it is to-day the largest freight-carrying air-service in the world: Guinea Airways Ltd. operates regular air services in New Guinea and Papua, and uses over 50 Aerodromes and Landing-grounds in the two Territories.

Unloading a Racehorse and Miscellaneous Cargo from a 3-engined Junker Monoplane, brought to Wau, New Guinea, by Guinea Airways Ltd. to.

Un V.

AERIAL-TRANSPORT Speedy, Safe and Dependable made possible the Rapid Development of the great Morobe Goldfield, and the Consequent Enrichment of the Mandated Territory. Aeroplanes, running on Regular Schedules, without Difficulty or Delay, carried in Dredges, Crushing Mills, Cyaniding Plants, Motor Vehicles, Hydro-Electric Machinery, and Every Kind of Goods Needed by a Large and Growing European Community.

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BRANCH OFFICES AND AGENTS AT WAU, SALAMAUA, PORT MORESBY, AND SYDNEY Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936

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Pacific Islands Monthly, August 19, 1936